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Manual - TRS RenTelco

1. 1 Table 2 Sampling module features 2 Table 3 Standard accessories 4 Table 4 Optional accessories 4 Table 5 Torque Wrench Information 42 Table 6 Electrical sampling modules Descriptions 47 Table 7 Electrical sampling modules Signal acquisition 48 Table 8 Electrical sampling module 80E04 TDR system 50 Table 9 Electrical sampling modules Timebase system 51 Table 10 Electrical sampling modules Power consumption 51 Table 11 Electrical sampling modules Mechanical 52 ii 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual ee a General Safety Summary Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it To avoid potential hazards use this product only as specified Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures While using this product you may need to access other parts of the system Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals for warnings and cautions related to operating the system To Avoid Fire or Ground the Product This product is indirectly grounded through the grounding Personal Injury conductor of the mainframe power cord To avoid electric shock the grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground Before making connections to t
2. Ensure that the connectors are properly supported As needed relieve any side pressure on the connection from long or heavy devices or cables 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 41 Reference To properly perform assembly and torquing of Overview connectors cont Control elements amp resources Torquing multi 1 If starting from a fully disassembled state order the ple inline connections so that they are assembled from the outside connectors moveable portions toward the inward stationary portions Disassemble from the inside outward If starting from a partially disassembled state such as with a protective coupler leave subassemblies intact Maximize protection and minimize disturbance for the connection that is intended to be preserved by the protective coupler Joining two 1 Position the cable and order the connections to stationary minimize the side and end loading on the last connectors with connection a semi rigid coaxial cable 2 If available use a protective connector to prevent or reduce damage to a connector Final 1 Use a torque wrench to make the final connection See Torgue wrench Press until connection Table 5 on page 42 for torque wrench information handle yields Rotate only the connector nut that you are tightening If Connector C ee necessary use an open end wrench to keep the body of an the device from turning p Position both wrenches within 9
3. To prevent damage to the sampling module or instrument never install or remove a sampling module when the instrument is powered on Always use a wrist strap provided with your instrument when handling sampling modules or making signal connections Wear anti static clothing and work in a static free workstation when using sampling modules Use a Tektronix 80402 EOS ESD Protection Module if doing TDR work To prevent damage to the sampling module or instrument do not apply a voltage outside the Maximum Input Voltage see page 48 for your sampling module Static Controlled For information on creating a static controlled workstation consult the Electron Workstation Industries Association document EJA 625 Requirements for Handling Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive ESDS Devices You can use a Tektronix 80402 EOS ESD Protection Module to protect the sampling module from damage due to static discharge from circuit boards and cables Use the 80A02 in applications where large static charges can be stored on the device under test such as when testing TDR circuit boards or cables Refer to the documentation supplied with the 80A02 module for proper installation and use 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 7 Getting Started Module Installation A Compensation To install a sampling module first turn off the instrument using the front panel On Standby switch Then place the sampling module in a compartm
4. Bl Wim Database Hist Cursor Mask Step Polaiy Units eur a T 8 5 600ns 178 6MH2 A DE EE EER EWE chided ed cer 4 IntemalClock 200kH2 Manual Step Deskew Channels pss amp 11 18 AM 3 20 00 Read the results in the cursor readout In the figure shown above waveform cursors are used to measure Av and At of the waveform which could be used to compute its slope dv dt 26 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference TDR Measurements Background TDR is based on a simple concept Whenever energy transmitted through any medium encounters a change in impedance some of the energy is reflected back toward the source The amount of energy reflected is a function of the trans mitted energy and the magnitude of the impedance change The time lapse between energy transmission and the reflection returning is a function of the distance from the source to the impedance discontinuity and the propagation velocity The effects of this phenomenon are evidenced through echoes that occur when sound encounters a wall In electrical systems a similar phenomenon occurs when electrical energy traveling in a transmission line encounters a change in impedance Any change in the impedance of the transmission line such as a variation in
5. distance The timebase scale and position controls adopt the units you select Comm Standard lf your application requires it you can also set either of the following controls they interact so set one or the Distance other Type of I Inits J meters z units Enter a Dielectric Const eps value to match that Dielectric Const eps fi EI of the device under test Prop Velocity 239 7322Mm s Enter a Prop Velocity value to match that of the device under test DIALOGS Press the SETUP DIALOGS button Continue with the automatic measurement process on the following page 24 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Overview To take a TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources Take automatic 16 Use the Vertical buttons to select the TDR waveform to measurements be measured 17 Select one of the measurement tool bars 3j a ss oe eoe m aa 18 Click the measurement you want such as mean in the measurement tool bar 19 Read the results in the measurements readout 20 Totake your measurement over a portion of the Access to virtual keyboard waveform select the region tab to display the gate controls Click the check box as indicated at the right to turn gating on and to display the gates on screen 21 Use the G1 Gate1 and G2 spin controls or click and Vary to type in values use the
6. estimated using the formula risetime 0 35 typical bandwidth 2 3 5 mm female to 2 4 mm male adapter is provided 3 Measured at 1 ps div Because the 2 4 mm connector of this adapter will mechanically interface with the 1 85 mm connector of the 80E06 it serves as a 1 85 mm to 2 92 mm connector for the 80E06 module As shown in Figure 1 the sampling modules have two independent channels 80E01 and 80E06 each have one channel each with its own acquisition circuitry The strobe drive signal from the instrument controls the timing of the strobe assertion to each acquisition system and guarantees sampling coincidence between the channels in a sampling module CAUTION To prevent electrostatic damage to the 8000 Series instrument and sampling modules follow the precautions described in this manual and the manuals accompanying your instrument See Electrostatic Discharge on page 6 2 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started 3 N 50 Q Sampler 77 gt To main instrument Strobe Strobe drive From main instrument Generator Note the 80E01and 80E06 are single channel modules with a dedicated strobe drive and generator m Sampler To main instrument 7 50 3 Figure 1 Sampling module block diagram Channel indicator SELECT channel button light yellow TEKPROBE connector TDR on indicator 80E04 80
7. DR OhR Indicatot at viata pa eee a 13 yrirm Interaction sir seek D MM ET 13 Commands From the Main Instrument Front 1 13 Programmer Interface Commands 14 User Adjustments oeste eraot eter tette etas eet 14 Gl antnp e o d seemed oes 14 Reference ror uisi iR eii 17 Taking TDR Measurements 17 TDR Measurements Background 27 Finding the Velocity of Propagation and Locating Mismatches 30 TDR Measurement 30 Making Accurate TDR Measurements 32 Taking Differential and Common Mode TDR Measurements 32 Connector and Adapter Care Requirements 38 Visual Insp cti n ooo Midi Mia ee ae eh 38 Cleaning Connectors o ie Ke BG Dex ee ea ed 39 Assembly 41 TDR Impedance Measuring _ 43 Detecting Blown Inputs 8 43 EOS Electrical Overstress Prevention 44 Specifications eR EA le ESI elo Oe era MI ES 47 Glossary erue I daira uM eae Yr oe eee ae dang 53 Ind6x 5 uer ate Sexe te te ene aot he esate Uca Aa ere cet ana MODE RT 55 80E00 Electr
8. E04 PROBE POWER ES Hold down screw S 500 Pree MAX PROBE POWER Signal connector v v Left channel Right channel Figure 2 Sampling module 80E04 shown 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started Options and Accessories Options Standard Accessories Optional Accessories This section lists the standard and optional accessories available for the sampling modules as well as the product options The following options can be ordered for the instrument m Option C3 Three years of calibration services m Option C5 Five years of calibration services m Option D3 Test Data for calibration services in Option C3 m Option 05 Test Data for calibration services in Option C5 m Option R3 Repair warranty extended to cover three years m Option R5 Repair warranty extended to cover five years The following accessories in Table 3 are shipped with the instrument Table 3 Standard accessories Item Part number Certificate of Traceable Calibration for product at initial shipment Not Orderable 2 4 mm male to 2 92 mm female adapter 80 01 and 80E06 only 015 0703 xx SMA male 50 Q termination one per channel 015 1022 xx Transit case ESD protective 004 5091 xx Transit case ESD protective 80E06 only 004 5165 xx 1 Because the 2 4 mm connector of this adapter will mechanically interface with the 1 85 mm connector of the 80E06 it serves as a 1 85 mm to 2 92 mm connector for th
9. Se AEN Table of Contents General Safety Summary iii ed e Edie S Cb DEN VER ERIS UE Manual clad wale Related P PDF QUEUE PR ER M Contacting Tektronix Esp Wah qe ex eg Re PAPER vi Getting Started i e ecce aioe eee seein ead ee Nr wa aed ace ass 1 Product D ScrHptiOD coire reo Xn eR aa ES 2 Options and Accessories teen ene en eee 4 OPI ONS Siete hes hea hb aire odere ipe te E 4 Standard Accessories cece nnn 4 Optional ACCesSOFI6S eet ce rar e a veg anc 4 3e oe ceto eo e aed to repe LT 6 Electrostatic Discharge voan e eiet a E E E E E E eee eens 6 Static Controlled Workstation 7 Module Installation cee E a TA een eee ee 8 Compensation Seka rne sedan de ee eae ase 8 Operating Basics ccc ccc ccc cece cece eh eee hh TSA DCS conum tx dot te ON way acon ae TEN eet d LEER d e N E MENO EUR 11 Front Parie lt Controls s une rt te way tab clase ca atu eate RESET pete S 12 Signal Connector cos ret etre eat Mais nated sige a ad 12 Channel Selection wro rte eerte way are pte aene mtn aad 12 TEKPROBE COnne ctOE esc ce eee te et tret n t Ree Sie e ee a n e 13 X
10. User Manual 21 Reference TakeaTDR This example demonstrates the TDR feature of the 80E04 sampling module Measurement TDR is a method of examining and measuring a network or transmission line by sending a step into the network and monitoring the reflections Overview To take a TDR measurement Control elements amp resources Prerequisites 1 Preset TDR 4 22 Connect your wrist strap to the antistatic connector on the front of your instrument See Caution on page 7 Connect PE wrist strap An 80E04 sampling module must be installed in the main instrument The Acquisition system should be set to Run and the vertical and horizontal controls should be set appropriately for the signal to be acquired See the main instrument user documentation for scaling and acquisition setup Connect the transmission line to the sampling module using proper probing connecting techniques for your application for example connect an SMA cable of lt 5 ns length Initialize the instrument press DEFAULT SETUP Press the SETUP DIALOGS button and select the TDR DIALOGS tab TDR tab Press TDR Preset for the appropriate channel EN TDR Preset sets Internal Clock in the Trigger menu Wim Dat amp sase Hist Cursor hes turns on the TDR Step in the TDR Setups menu turns TDR Vet on the channel and selects the acquisition Units inthe preset B Disp Pres
11. can affect the distance over which a TDR can locate features The most important parameters that are TDR related are step amplitude step risetime and step width Step amplitude is the amount of voltage produced by the TDR step It is fixed for the 80E04 at 250 mV In general the higher the amplitude the farther the TDR can see Generally this type of step is optimized for short range TDR Overall step width also affects range It follows the setting of the Internal Clock Rate 25 kHz 200 kHz Step width is measured in time but can also be thought of as distance when using a TDR The longer the step width the greater the range of the TDR At 200 kHz the step on time is 2 5 us enough to see in air one way transit 375 meters about 1 250 feet To see events at greater distances set the Internal Clock of the TDR to a lower frequency 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 29 Reference Finding the Velocity of Propagation and Locating Mismatches TDR Measurement Units 30 The time between the incident edge and the reflected edge is valuable in determining the length of the transmission line from the TDR to a mismatch or between two mismatches The formula is 5 T _ vel D vwX5 c 5 where distance to the fault Vp velocity of propagation T the time from the TDR to the mismatch and back again as measured on the instrument Velocity of Propagation vo is a measure of how fast a signal travels
12. in that transmission line NOTE The factor of 2 in the denominator is present because TDR systems display round trip time incident and reflected edges whereas with distance it is usually desirable to display one way distance It is important to note that the distance scale does not inject this factor of two and therefore the distance displayed is round trip See the main instrument user documentaion and online help for more information about distance scale operation All TDR impedance measurements are based on the ratio of transmitted voltage to reflected voltage As a result measurements are not generally taken in absolute units such as volts Instead TDR measurements are made on a relative scale called reflection coefficient and abbreviated as o The definition of o is the reflected signal amplitude divided by the incident signal amplitude For example if a 100 millivolt reflection results from a 1 volt incident step the reflection is called a 100 millirho reflection Eretlected Eincident 100 mo 100 mV 1 V Given a known impedance and a measured reflection coefficient the unknown impedance that caused the reflection can be calculated from the following equation p E eftected 25 11 2 incident 21 2 where Zo is known impedance is the measured reflection coefficient and Z1 is the unknown impedance An alternate form of the equation is 1 2112 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User
13. in which the Tektronix service center is located Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges duties taxes and any other charges for products returned to any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install repair or service the product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment c to repair any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non Tektronix supplies or d to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TEKTRONIX RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES
14. on running a compensation see Optimizing Measurement Accuracy in your main instrument user manual 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 9 Getting Started 10 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual SEE Operating Basics Usage This chapter makes you familiar with the operation of your sampling module It describes the front panel controls and connectors interaction of the sampling module with your instrument programming the sampling module and user adjustments Figure 5 shows the front panel of the sampling module and identifies the buttons lights and connectors CAUTION To prevent damage to your sampling module or instrument do not apply a voltage outside the Maximum Input Voltage see page 48 for your sampling module To prevent electrostatic damage to the instrument and sampling modules follow the precautions described in this manual and the manuals accompanying your instrument See Electrostatic Discharge starting on page 6 Always use a wrist strap provided with your instrument when handling sampling modules or making signal connections The input circuitry in your sampling module is very susceptible to damage from overdrive signals and electrostatic discharge Never apply a DC or peak voltage greater than the Maximum Input Voltage see page 48 of your sampling module Only operate the instrument and sampling module in a static controlled environment 80E00 Electrical Sampling
15. over the zone 300 ps to 3 ns following step transition 1 or less over the zone 3 ns to 100 ns following step transition 0 5 after 100 ns following step transition Step response 80E06 5 or less for the first 300 ps overshoot typical following step transition 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 49 Specifications 50 Table 7 Electrical sampling modules Signal acquisition cont Specifications Characteristics Random noise Sampling module Noise 80E01 lt 2 3 mVams 1 8 mVnys typical 80E02 lt 800 mVnus 400 uVnys typical Random noise 80E03 and 80E04 lt 1 2 displayed 600 uVnys typical Random noise 80E06 lt 2 4 displayed lt 1 8 mVnys typical Offset range 1 6V 1 Vertical operating range defines the maximum range over which the offset plus peak input signal can operate The offset may be limited as a function of vertical sensitivity and dynamic range such that no signal exceeding the maximum operating range can be displayed Vertical nondestruct range defines the maximum range over which offset plus peak input signal can operate without irreversible damage to the instrument Operation to instrument specification is not guarantied outside of the vertical operating range 3 Input Signal Ranges in IEEE std 1057 section 2 2 1 4 std 1057 section 4 8 2 Transition Duration of Step Response The 80E01 rise time is calculated from the 0 35 band
16. the width of a circuit board trace causes a reflection with an amplitude related to the magnitude of the impedance change A Time Domain Reflectometer sends out a step on the cable circuit board or integrated circuit under test The reflection or echo received by the TDR is measured to find events along the path of the step Reflections are caused both by events that are expected such as width changes and components and by those that shouldn t be there such as bridges shorts and opens The strength of a TDR measurement is that it not only tells you there is a fault but it also tells you the magnitude and the distance to that fault TDR can note any change in the characteristic impedance of the device under test DUT Any change in the impedance is shown on the TDR display as an upward bump or downward dip in the waveform depending on the type of event see Figure 12 for example discontinuities in a microstrip Conductor Volts A Open Connector Capacitive Inductive circuit y discontinuity discontinuity Fn Incident step Round trip time Figure 12 Microstrip discontinuities 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 27 Reference 28 Cause of Reflections The reflections that a TDR displays and measures are caused by changes in the impedance of the path of the step circuit board cable or integrated circuit Any significant change in impedance will cau
17. 0 degrees of each other before applying force Refer to the illustration at right Keep gt wrench Hold the torque wrench lightly at the end of the handle stationary Apply downward force perpendicular to wrench handle this applies torque to connection through the wrench Tighten the connection just to the point that the wrench breaks over Do not overtighten the connection Table 5 Torque Wrench Information Connector Type Torque Tolerance SMA 5 6 N cm 0 5 in Ib 24mm 9 0 N cm 0 8 in b 2 92 mm 90 N cm 0 8 in b 35mm x 9 0 N cm 20 8 in Ib 42 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference TDR Impedance Measuring This stand alone application implements the TDR calibration procedure s specified by the IPC TM 650 test methodology It enhances the accuracy and repeatability of impedance measurements by calibrating the test setup to correct for losses and impedance discontinuities Additionally this application can use a database for storing TDR measurements This application is not installed on your instrument but it can be installed from the 8000 Series Demo Application CD shipped with the instrument For more information see TDR Impedance Measuring Application Online Help Detecting Blown Inputs Checking For Damage Because of their technology high bandwidth sampling modules are vulnerable to damage through static discharge and overvoltages EOS to the input Damage can occur instantan
18. 000 amp TDS8000 Programmer Guide This document covers installation and usage of the sampling module and its features For information of the main instrument in which the sampling module is used refer to the user documents and online help provided with your 8000 series main instrument 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Preface Contacting Tektronix vi Phone Address Web site Sales support Service support Technical support 1 800 833 9200 Tektronix Inc Department or name if known 14200 SW Karl Braun Drive P O Box 500 Beaverton OR 97077 USA www tektronix com 1 800 833 9200 select option 1 1 800 833 9200 select option 2 Email support tektronix com 6 00 a m 5 00 p m Pacific time This phone number is toll free in North America After office hours please leave a voice mail message Outside North America contact a Tektronix sales office or distributor see the Tektronix web site for a list of offices 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started The Tektronix 80E01 80E02 80E03 80E04 and 80E06 sampling modules are high performance sampling modules that can be installed in CSA8000 and CSA8000B Communications Signal Analyzer and TDS8000 and TDS8000B Digital Sampling Oscilloscopes Proper operation of the electrical sampling modules requires that the appropriate TDS8000 and CSA8000 application software is installed on the main instrument Tab
19. GHz 17 5 ps risetime bandwidth 50 sampling module 80E04 2 channel 20 GHz 17 5 ps risetime bandwidth 50 TDR sampling module with 35 ps single ended common mode and differential TDR capability 80E06 1 channel 70 GHz 5 0 ps risetime bandwidth 50 sampling module 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 47 Specifications 48 Table 7 Electrical sampling modules Signal acquisition Specifications Characteristics Real time accessory Tekprobe SMA interface is provided through the electrical interface sampling module interface one per vertical channel Channel input Sampling module Input connector connector 80E02 80E03 80E04 Precision 3 5 mm female connector 80E01 Precision 2 4 mm female connector 2 4 mm male to 2 92 mm K female adapter 015 0703 xx is supplied 80E06 Precision 1 85 mm female connector V 2 4 mm male to 2 92 mm K female adapter 015 0703 xx is supplied Number of input Sampling module Channels 80 01 80 06 1 80E02 80E03 80 04 2 Input impedance 50 Q 0 5Q Vertical dynamic 1 Vpp offset 500 mV range Vertical operating 1 6V range maximum Vertical nondestruct Sampling module Maximum input 2 TUS omo 80E01 80 06 2 0 V DC peak AC Maximum input voltage 80E02 80E03 80E04 3 0 V DC peak AC Vertical number of 14 bits full scale digitized bits Vertical sensitivity The range of available full scale input settings 3 10 mV to 1 V
20. Manual Reference Assembly and Torquing Good connections require a skilled operator The most common cause of measurement error is bad connections The procedures in this section describe how to make good connections To properly perform assembly and torquing of Overview connectors Control elements amp resources Prerequisites 1 Ground yourself and all devices Wear a grounded wrist and precautions strap and work on a grounded conductive table mat Also see Electrostatic Discharge on page 38 Refer to the illustration at right wrist strap Inspect connectors See Visual Inspection on page 38 If necessary clean the connectors See Cleaning Connectors on page 39 Use a connector gage to verify that all center conductors are within the observed pin depth values For multiple connections always put the fixed wrench on the inside stationary half of a connection and apply torque to the outside movable half Always torque a single connection never multiple connections Torquing an 1 Carefully align connectors Male connector pin must slip inline connector concentrically into the contact finger of the female to a stationary connector connector Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight Do not turn the device body There is usually a slight resistance as the center conductors mate Uniform light contact is sufficient for the preliminary connection do not overtighten
21. Manual Reference Figure 15 shows a typical waveform from a Tektronix TDS oscilloscope or CSA analyzer equipped with an 80E04 TDR sampling module In this case the instrument is connected through a 50 coaxial cable to a 75 Q device under test The incident step is about 2 divisions in amplitude and the reflection from the device under test is about 0 4 division high These numbers equate to a reflection coefficient of 0 20 0 4 divisions divided by 2 divisions Plugging the known 50 Q level and the reflection coefficient into the above equation yields the 75 Q value 1 2 1 02 _ 7 so 195 750 Notice that the instrument automatically performs this calculation and displays the impedance Q or reflection coefficient for each cursor and the difference between the two cursors H 50 Q line 75 Q line 50 Q line 75 Q line Figure 15 TDR step and reflection 50 Q line terminated in 75 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 31 Reference Making Accurate TDR Measurements A number of issues must be considered to make accurate TDR measurements In general it is relatively easy to make impedance measurements near the reference impedance usually 50 2 Higher accuracy or measurements farther from the reference impedance requires more care The following list covers a few key considerations in making accurate and repeatable impedance measurements Resolution R
22. Modules User Manual 11 Operating Basics Front Panel Controls 12 SELECT channel button light yellow TDR on indicator 80E04 a 80E04 PROBE POWER Hold down screw Signal connector Signal Connector Channel Selection MODULE 8 SS Each sampling module contains two identical input channels 80E01 has one channel This section describes channel controls connectors and indicators Channel indicator TEKPROBE connector PROBE POWER SELECT ON OFF SAMPLING OO 500 3V MAX yY yY Left channel Right channel Figure 5 Sampling module 80E04 shown The input signal connectors for each channel let you connect signals that you want to sample To acquire a signal connect the signal to the sampling module through the Signal Connector input Signal connectors used on your sampling module are described in Table 2 on page 2 Connector Care Never attach a cable to a sampling module connector if the cable has a worn or damaged connector because you may damage the sampling mod ule connector Use extra care when attaching or removing a cable from the connectors Turn only the nut not the cable When attaching a cable to a sampling module connector align the connectors carefully before turning the nut Use light finger pressure to make this initial connection Then tighten the nut lightly with a wrench For more information see Connector and Adapter Care Requirements on page 38 For the sp
23. TDR 18 Step generator operation 18 19 20 System interaction 13 T TDR 54 adjust channel deskew 37 56 Calibration application 43 Cause of reflections 28 Changing graticule units 23 Common mode 32 35 Common mode measurements 33 database interface 43 differential and common mode measurements 36 Differential measurements 33 Differential mode 32 enable differential measurements 35 Example measurements 22 33 Finding velocity of propagation 30 Locating mismatches 30 Measurement range 29 Measurement units 30 Measurements 17 32 Measurements background 27 On indicator 13 Propagation delay adjustment 37 Step deskew 37 Step generation 18 Taking accurate measurements 32 Taking horizontal measurements 24 taking measurements 33 34 36 37 To take a measurement 22 undamaged sampling module 44 TDR measurements 17 Technical support contact information vi TEKPROBE connector 13 Tektronix contacting vi Time domain reflectometer 54 Torque wrench information 42 Trigger 54 U URL Tektronix vi Usage 11 V Visual Inspection 38 W Waveform 54 Web site address Tektronix vi 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual
24. User Manual Tektronix 80E01 80E02 80E03 80E04 amp 80E06 Electrical Sampling Modules 071 0434 04 This document applies to firmware version 1 00 and above www tektronix com Copyright Tektronix Inc All rights reserved Tektronix products are covered by U S and foreign patents issued and pending Information in this publication supercedes that in all previously published material Specifications and price change privileges reserved Tektronix Inc P O Box 500 Beaverton OR 97077 0001 TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix Inc WARRANTY Tektronix warrants that the products that it manufactures and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of shipment If a product proves defective during this warranty period Tektronix at its option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix with shipping charges prepaid Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country
25. al Setup dialog box Programmer Interface Commands The remote programming commands for all sampling module are documented in the 548000 amp TDS8000 Programmer Guide User Adjustments All sampling module setups parameters and adjustments are controlled by the main instrument To save recall or change any module settings use the instrument menus or front panel controls or consult the online help accessed from the main instrument Cleaning The case of the module keeps dust out and should not be opened Cleaning the exterior of the module is usually confined to the front panel If you desire to clean the case remove the module from the main instrument but first read the entire Installation procedure starting on page 6 for proper handling of the module 14 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Operating Basics WARNING To prevent injury power down the instrument and disconnect it from line voltage before performing any cleaning Clean the exterior surfaces of the module with a dry lint free cloth or a soft bristle brush If any dirt remains use a damp cloth or swab dipped in a 75 isopropyl alcohol solution Use a swab to clean narrow spaces around controls and connectors Do not allow moisture inside the module Do not use abrasive compounds on any part of the chassis that may damage the chassis CAUTION To prevent damage avoid the use of chemical cleaning agents which might damage the plastics used in
26. al specifications refer to the CSA8000B and TDS8000B User Manual 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual a ae Glossary Accuracy The closeness of the indicated value to the true value Analog to Digital Converter A device that converts an analog signal to a digital signal Attenuation A decrease in magnitude of current voltage or power of a signal Attenuator An electronic transducer that reduces the amplitude of a signal Autoset A means of letting the instrument set itself to provide a stable and meaning ful display of a given trace Bandwidth The range of frequencies handled by a device or system Bandwidth is a measure of network capacity Analog bandwidth is measured in cycles per second Digital bandwidth is measured in bits of information per second Channel A place to connect a signal or attach a network or transmission line to sampling modules Common Mode A circumstance where a signal is induced in phase on both sides of a differential network dB Decibel a method of expressing power or voltage ratios The decibel scale is logarithmic The formula for decibels is dB 20 log Vi Vrer where Vi is the voltage of the incident pulse Vref is the voltage reference and log is the decimal based logarithmic function Dialog Box A displayed box in which you enter instrument commands Differential Mode A circumstance where the true signal and its logical compliment are transmitted over a pair o
27. annel deskew as shown in the following step ER _ Se TO TO Adjust channel For some measurements math summing and comparisons deskew you may want to visually line up the reflection edges of both TDR steps even though you have delayed the step assertion time for one channel in the preceding step Offset mz Deskew fy 200ns EE Channel 4 To do this first deskew the steps as shown above then from the Vertical setup window deskew the channels ne Align using channel deskew 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 37 Reference Connector and Adapter Care Requirements This section describes proper care and use of the connector and adapter for electrical modules including protection against electrostatic discharge ESD cleaning connectors and the assembly and torquing of connectors Electrostatic Discharge Protection against ESD is essential while connecting inspecting or cleaning connectors attached to a static sensitive circuit Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage and devices under test can carry an electrostat ic charge To prevent damage to devices and components use the procedures that follow Overview To protect against ESD Control elements amp resources ESD prevention 1 ESD procedures 1 Always use a grounded antistatic mat in front of your test equipment Always wear a heel strap whe
28. atches and for dirt and particles Check for damage due to uneven or excessive misalignment or wear m Carefully inspect the contact fingers in the female center conductor when using slotted connectors Damage which is not always easy to see can result in poor electrical contact When mating precision to nonprecision devices this is especially important Cleaning Connectors Clean connectors are essential for ensuring the integrity of RF and coaxial connections This section covers precautions cleaning connector threads cleaning the mating plane surfaces and inspecting the connector Overview To follow proper cleaning procedures Control elements amp resources Cleaning 1 Ground the hose nozzle to prevent ESD See Precautions Electrostatic Discharge on page 38 Air or nitrogen source should have an effective oil vapor wrist strap filter and liquid condensation trap just before the outlet hose Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or nitrogen Set the pressure to less than 414 kPa 60 psi to control the velocity of the air stream Compressed air can cause ESD when directed into a connector Keep isopropyl alcohol away from heat sparks and flame Store properly and in case of fire use alcohol foam dry chemical or carbon dioxide since water may not work Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact with eyes skin and clothing Wash thoroughly after handling In
29. case of a spill soak up with sand or earth and flush spill area Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with the applicable federal state and local regulations 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 39 Reference Overview 40 Cleaning the 1 connector threads Cleaning the mating plane surfaces Inspecting the connector To follow proper cleaning procedures cont Control elements amp resources Use compressed air or nitrogen to loosen particles on the connector mating plane surfaces See the preceding Precautions To remove dirt or stubborn contaminants on a connector that cannot be cleaned with compressed air or nitrogen apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint free cleaning swap A standard foam tipped swap is recommended Clean the connector threads After the alcohol evaporates blow the threads dry using low pressure compressed air or nitrogen Make sure the threads are completely dry before you reassemble it Using a small amount of isopropyl alcohol on a lint free cleaning swap clean the mating surfaces of the center and outer conductors After the alcohol evaporates blow the mating surfaces dry using low pressure compressed air or nitrogen Make sure the connector is completely dry before you reassemble it Inspect the connector to make sure it is residue free Refer to Visual Inspection on page 38 for more information 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User
30. ce Overview Take a 21 measurement TDT 22 measurements To take a common mode or differential TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources When the TDR steps on the two channels are opposite Math Waveform m ere Functions Intal Filter one positive and one negative you can define a math Math Expression waveform that represents the difference signal by pressing the VERTICAL MENU button selecting the Vert tab selecting Waveform M1 On and then selecting Define C1 C2 Math Waveform On and Sources Cl c2 C3 c4 fees sir R1 R2 R3 R4 ale Expl Logi EPE Us Aval OK Set the scale to If using volts subtract the waveforms Take your measurement For more information see Take automatic measurements on page 25 or Take cursor measurements on page 26 You can make forward and reverse Time Domain Transmission TDT measurements using the 80E04 To perform a TDT measurement connect one sampling module channel to the input of the device under test and the other sampling module channel to the output of the device under test Device under test Then alternately enable the step generators on one channel while sampling the transmitted signal on the other channel to perform forward and reverse TDT Note If the second channel is not connected to the same device as the first channel crosstalk is
31. displayed as opposed to the step transmitted through the device Take a 24 measurement 36 measurements You measure the step transmitted through the device rather than reflections from the device as in TDR Take your measurement For more information see Take automatic measurements on page 25 or Take cursor measurements on page 26 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Adjusting TDR Step When making differential or common mode TDR measurements the two steps Deskew must arrive at the same time at the reference plane usually the connection point to the device under test To adjust the TDR step deskew perform the following steps Overview Adjusting TDR step deskew Control elements amp resources Prerequisites 1 Either disconnect the transmission cables from the device under test DUT at the point where the cables connect to the device or short both lines to ground at the DUT Shorted lines are shown in this procedure Device under test Set channel deskew to zero Adjust TDR step 3 Then from the TDR setup window adjust the TDR epe deskew Manual Step Deskew so that the propagation delay TO posso miles between the incident edges is equal to the propagation st delay between the reflected edges as shown in the figure If using a math function do not adjust the step more Step arrival at DUT instead adjust ch
32. e 80E06 module The following accessories in Table 4 are orderable for use with the sampling module at the time this manual originally published Consult a current Tektronix catalog for additions changes and details Table 4 Optional accessories Item Part number Sampling module extender cable 1 meter 012 1568 xx Sampling module extender cable 2 meter 012 1569 xx 2X attenuator SMA male to female 015 1001 xx 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started Table 4 Optional accessories cont Item Part number 5X attenuator male to female 015 1002 xx Power divider 015 0565 xx SMA accessory kit 020 1693 xx Torque wrench 8 mm 5 16 inch open end n a 3 5 male to 3 5 female SMA 015 0552 xx Slip on SMA connector 015 0553 xx 3 5 mm 50 Q connector SMA male to female 015 0549 xx BNC female 75 2 to 50 2 type N minimum loss attenuator 131 0112 xx CSA8000 amp TDS8000 Service Manual 071 0438 xx Terminator ECL 015 0558 xx Connector saver 3 5 mm SMA 015 0549 xx 80E00 Electrical Sampling Module User Manual printed 071 0434 xx 1 An extender cable extends the reach of a sampling module You install the extender between the sampling module and the instrument allowing you to operate the sampling module out of the module compartment If you compensate a module in the main instrument and then move the module to an extender or visa versa re compensate the module for more information see Compensation on
33. e level stays close to zero volts Figure 7 a simplified diagram shows the switch and the current source 10 Acquisition point to main instrument T 77 500 77 toma 4 77 6 DUT Figure 7 Simplified schematic diagram of step generator positive polarity The following sections and figures 8 10 describe the operation with a short circuit an open circuit and a 50 Q load with a positive step source Operation Into a Short Initially the diode switch is conducting 10 mA Since the step generator output is initially shorted the resistance to ground is 0 When the diode switch opens reverse biased apparent resistance to ground at the acquisition point and at the channel connector is 25 because the internal termination resistance is 50 Q in parallel with the connector impedance of 50 Q The voltage at the acquisition point rises to 250 mV the incident amplitude Ej The transition propagates to the short in the Device Under Test DUT and is negatively reflected back to the acquisition point E 250 mV reflected causing the voltage at the acquisition point to drop back to 0 V The time displayed from the first transition to the second transition is the round trip 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference propagation time from the acquisition point to the short in the device under test and back See Figure 8 0v Figure 8 Step generato
34. ecific torque settings see Table 5 on page 42 If the sampling module connectors will receive heavy use such as in a produc tion environment you should install adapters such as a Tektronix part number 015 0549 xx for 3 5 mm connectors on the sampling module to make connec tions to the device under test Each channel has a SELECT channel button and a yellow channel light The button operates as follows m Ifthe yellow channel light is on the channel is acquiring a waveform 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Operating Basics TEKPROBE Connector TDR On Indicator System Interaction Ifyou press the button and the channel is not currently being acquired for any channel or math waveform then the instrument activates turns on the channel m If you press the button and the channel is currently active as a channel waveform then the instrument selects the channel waveform m Ifthe channel waveform is already selected when you press the channel button the instrument turns the channel off The TEKPROBE connector provides support for accessories requiring TEKPROBE SMA support at levels 1 and 2 The connector provides power and control to attached accessories by the main instrument On modules with TDR capability the red TDR ON light indicates whether the step generator is sending out a step through the signal connector The main instrument turns this on or off Your sampling module is a part of a lar
35. elements amp resources Common mode 13 Notice that both channels assert a positive TDR step for TDR common mode TDR When the TDR steps on the two channels are the same Hue eer polarity both positive or negative you can define a E math waveform that represents the average common sasi mode signal by pressing the VERTICAL MENU button ez er dp AE HEKI Expl Log Sa Ln cs cs cz s 7 ala Aval selecting the Vert tab selecting Waveform M1 On and n eal eal eal Tess al FS then selecting Define C1 C2 Math Waveform On 1 ed and OK Takea 15 Take your measurement For more information see Take measurement automatic measurements on page 25 or Take cursor measurements on page 26 Enable 16 Press the SETUP DIALOGS button and select the TDR SETUP differential TDR tab measurements Click the TDR STEP Polarity box for one channel to TDR tab invert the polarity of one of the step generators ET Wim Hist E M Note Although you have inverted a TDR step the step PA L a is only displayed inverted when the acquisition units are Mask Volts TDR Step ACO Preset Press the SETUP DIALOGS button Differential TDR 19 One channel is asserting a positive step and the other channel is asserting a negative TDR step These conditions set up differential TDR 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 35 Referen
36. em response that add to measurement error Taking Differential and Common Mode TDR Measurements 32 Why Use What s Special What s Excluded This section describes how to use the 80E04 to take differential and common mode time domain reflectometry TDR measurements To take TDR measurements on coupled transmission lines Using common mode and differential TDR you can characterize coupled transmission lines The Tektronix 80E04 sampling module is a true differential sampling module for more accurate differential TDR measurements This feature only works with an 80E04 sampling module 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Keys to Using Read the following topics they provide details that can help set up to take effective differential and common mode TDR measurements The 80E04 TDR sampling module is able to perform differential and common mode TDR measurements As described earlier the sampling module has two input channels and two independent step generators The step generator output for each channel is selectable for positive or negative polarity and amplitude This section will show you how to use the two channels and step generators of the 80E04 to perform differential and common mode TDR measurements To Take a Common Mode This example demonstrates the common mode and differential TDR features of or Differential TDR the 80E04 sampling module Measurement To take a common mode or diff
37. ent and slowly push it in with firm pressure Once the sampling module is seated turn the hold down screw on the sampling module to tighten the sampling module into place See Figure 4 CAUTION To prevent damage to the sampling module or instrument never install or remove a sampling module when the instrument is powered on or when either input connector is unprotected NOTE When removing your sampling module first loosen the hold down screw and then use the sampling module ejector on the main instrument to eject the sampling module 0 o0 0 Q0 Q 000 Ooed O00 000000000 00 0 Qooo0900 Small compartment ejectors Electrical sampling module Figure 4 Installing a sampling module After installing a sampling module or after moving a sampling module from one compartment to another you should run compensation from the Utilities menu to ensure the instrument meets it specifications Also run a compensation accessed from the Utilities menu when doing the following Installing an 80E00 sampling module extender between the instrument and an 80E00 sampling module where none was used before m Removing an 80 00 sampling module extender between the instrument and an 80E00 sampling module where one had been used before 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started m Exchanging an extender for one of a different length For instructions
38. eously Under most conditions when EOS damage occurs the trace will be flat It typically involves short period high current discharge The damages can be blown diodes as indicated by large offset or no response to input To check for damage use one of the following procedures m If checking an 80E04 sampling module and your instrument has TDR capability attach a 50 Q termination to the channel input and perform TDR measurement of the attached fitting Adjust the HORIZONTAL SCALE to 500 ns per division This should display the entire TDR step from edge to edge Display the step top at 40 mo per division and check for flatness If the top is bowed sagged hooked or tilted assume static has damaged the module and service is required See Figure 16 on page 44 m If checking a non TDR sampling module use a procedure similar to the preceding procedure but use an external step source The Tektronix part number 067 1338 00 is recommended 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 43 Reference 500 0ns div Figure 16 TDR step of undamaged sampling module EOS Electrical Overstress Prevention 44 Prevention EOS occurs when an electronic device is subjected to an input voltage higher than its designed maximum tolerable level Similar to ESD Electrical Static Damage EOS usually is also related to static charges generated by moving elements However unlike ESD that typically deals with thousands
39. erential TDR Overview measurement Control elements amp resources Prerequisites 1 Connect your wrist strap to the antistatic connector on the front of your instrument wrist strap An 80E04 sampling module must be installed in a TDS oscilloscope or CSA analyzer The acquisition system should be set to Run See the main instrument user documentaion for scaling and acquisition setup Connect transmission lines to the sampling module using proper probing connecting techniques for your application for example two SMA cables preferably of matched length Connect the device under test to the transmission lines Connect the conductors of a differential line to the center conductors Connect the shields together 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 33 Reference Overview 34 Preset TDR Set Other TDR parameters To take a common mode or differential TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources 4 Initialize the instrument press DEFAULT SETUP Press the SETUP DIALOGS button and select the TDR tab Press TDR Preset for both channels for the sampling TDR tab module connected to the cables to turn them on Select the polarity desired for both channels EEN TDR Preset sets Internal Clock in the Trigger menu mal l M i TDR E turns on the TDR Step in the TDR Setups menu turns zy SEEN on and selects the acquisition Units the TDR S
40. esolution determines the shortest impedance discontinuity that a TDR instrument can measure Because of round trip effects Resolution 1 2 System Reflected Rise Time If a discontinuity such as a variation in the width of a trace is small with respect to the system rise time the reflection will not accurately represent the impedance of the discontinuity In extreme cases the discontinuity may effectively disappear System rise time is the combined rise time of the step generator TDR the instrument and the interconnect between the TDR and the circuit under test In general the most significant limitation in impedance testing is the probe Close attention to probe geometry and probing techniques can greatly enhance resolution Reference Impedance All TDR measurements are relative they compare an unknown impedance to a known impedance The accuracy of the results depends directly on the accuracy of the reference impedance Any error in the reference impedance translates to error in the measured impedance It is also a good idea to use a reference impedance close to the expected measured impedance because a smaller difference between the reference and unknown impedance reduces uncertainty in the measurement Cable Losses Always use the shortest high quality cable possible to connect to the test fixture The cable that connects the TDR unit to the circuit board not only degrades the system rise time but can cause other aberrations in the syst
41. et TDR Setups menu and sets the horizontal scale position and reference On Polarity Units Enable w 2 Je gt The sampling module will turn on a red light next to the TDR SELECT channel button indicating that TDR is Set eU E c2 activated for that channel You can use TDR on each units zi E channel independently 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Overview To take a TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources Set other TDR 7 Adjust the VERTICAL SCALE 500 mo div in this Incident Reflection from parameters example and HORIZONTAL SCALE 2 ns div in this TDRstep end of cable example to show a trace similar to that shown Leave at least one division of baseline trace to the left of the first rise The first rise of this waveform is the incident TDR step leaving the sampling module the second rise is the reflection of the step returning from the end of the cable For your device under test DUT you may need to adjust the Horizontal SCALE POSITION and Reference to display the reflections from your DUT near the left of the graticule To locate reflections from your DUT disconnect your probe or cable at the DUT and look for the reflection from the open end of the probe or cable Assuming the line to be tested is an open end microstrip on a circuit board and that you probe or cable is no
42. etups Preset Preset menu The sampling module will turn on red lights next to the Enable S f SELECT CHANNEL buttons indicating that TDR is TDR activated for the channels Set C2 f zi lv me units aum a qu Set the scale to Press the SETUP DIALOGS button to dismiss the dialog box Adjust the Manual Step Deskew adjustment to set the time at which the step generator for the right channel asserts the TDR step relative to the left channel Notice that the second edge moves horizontally relative to the first edge Adjust the right step generator step to divide the mismatch between channels equally between the incident step and the reflections After dividing the mismatch equally between channels using Manual Step Deskew adjust Channel Deskew to align the front edge of the reflections for more information see Adjusting TDR Step Deskew on page 37 Press the SETUP DIALOGS button Adjust the VERTICAL 2 5 o in this example and HORIZONTAL SCALE 2 ns in this example to show a trace similar to that shown Leave at least one division of baseline trace to the left of the first rise The first rise of this trace is the incident TDR step leaving the sampling module the second rise is the reflection of the step returning from the end of the cable 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference To take a common mode or differential TDR Overview measurement cont Control
43. f conductors Digital Signal A signal made up of a series of on and off pulses 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 53 Glossary 54 Electrical Overstress EOS Electrical overstress occurs when an electronic device is subjected to an input voltage higher than the designed maximum tolerable level External Attenuation Attenuation that is outside the sampling module Impedance The opposition to an AC signal in the wire Impedance is very much like resistance to a DC signal in a DC circuit Impedance is made up of resistance and inductive and capacitive reactance Incident Step The electrical energy transmitted by the TDR step generator An acquired waveform shows this step and all reflections on the signal conductor Initialize Setting the main instrument to a completely known default condition Internal Clock A trigger source generated internally within the instrument and used to synchronize TDR step generators Also available at the front panel Internal Clock Output connector Rho Q When making TDR measurements the ratio of the incident step to the reflected step A value of one 1 indicates complete reflection Setting The state of the front panel and system at a given time TDR Time Domain Reflectometer an instrument that sends out steps of energy and measures the amplitude and time interval of the reflections If the velocity of the energy through the cable is known distances to features can be c
44. full scale Compensation x 5 C about temperature where compensation was performed If temperature range compartment is changed on the mainframe a sampling module extender is employed or the length of the sampling module extender is changed the channel must be recompensated DC voltage x2mV 0 007 assigned offset accuracy single point 0 02 vertical value assigned offset within 5 C of compensated temperature DC vertical 10 mV voltage deviation from linear least squares fit 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Specifications Table 7 Electrical sampling modules Signal acquisition cont Specifications Characteristics Rise time Rise time s T ps typical 17 5 ps 5 0 ps typical Analog bandwidth Bandwidth 50 GHz 12 5 GHz typical 20 GHz typical 80E06 65 GHz 70 GHz typical Step response Sampling module Aberrations step transition 7 aberrations typical 80E02 80E03 and 80 04 3 or less over the zone 10 ns to 20 ps before step transition 10 5 or less for the first 300 ps following step transition 3 or less over the zone 300 ps to 5 ns following step transition 1 or less over the zone 5 ns to 100 ns following step transition 0 596 after 100 ns following step transition 80E01 3 or less over the zone 10 ns to 20 ps before step transition 12 5 or less for the first 300 ps following step transition 5 5 3 or less
45. ger instrument system Most of the sampling module functions such as vertical and horizontal scale are controlled automatically by the main instrument You do not directly control these parameters they are controlled for you as you perform tasks on the main instrument The parameters that you control from the sampling module front panel are covered in Front Panel Controls on page 12 You also control external channel attenuation from the main instrument External Attenuation enables you to enter a number representing external attenuation you have added to a channel Commands From the Main Instrument Front Panel The Vertical Setup dialog box accesses the sampling module controls This dialog box is shown in Figure 6 You first select the channel in the Waveform section of the dialog box Then you select the Setup Scale Position Channel Offset Deskew Units or External Attenuation boxes to change those settings Detailed information on this dialog box can be found in the online help accessed from the main instrument 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 13 Operating Basics wfm Database Hist Cursor Meas Mask TOR Disp Vert Horz Acq Trig W aweform On Setups Seale wo om viai BH Position o Odi a Channel Offset 00 Deskew fo Os mE Units Auto M External Attenuation 000 dB Linear Figure 6 Vertic
46. he input or output terminals of the product ensure that the product is properly grounded Observe All Terminal Ratings To avoid fire or shock hazard observe all ratings and markings on the product Consult the product manual for further ratings information before making connections to the product Do Not Operate Without Covers Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed Avoid Exposed Circuitry Do not touch exposed connections and components when power is present Wear Eye Protection Wear eye protection if exposure to high intensity rays or laser radiation exists Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this product have it inspected by qualified service personnel Do Not Operate in Wet Damp Conditions Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual iii General Safety Summary Symbols and Terms A A Terms in this Manual These terms may appear in this manual WARNING Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life CAUTION Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or other property Terms on the Product These terms may appear on the product DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immed
47. iately accessible as you read the marking CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product Symbols on the Product The following symbols may appear on the product A A CAUTION WARNING Protective Ground Refer to Manual High Voltage Earth Terminal 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Preface Manual Structure Related Manuals This is the user manual for the 80 01 80E02 80E03 80E04 and 80E06 sampling modules It covers the following information m Description of the capabilities of the sampling modules and how to install them m Explanation of how to operate the sampling modules how to control acquisition processing and input output of information m Listofthe specifications of the sampling modules You may want to visit the Tektronix Website at http www tektronix com for the latest revision of the user documentation Select the Manuals link then enter the part number or product name to locate the document A printed version of this manual is also orderable see Optional Accessories on page 4 This manual is composed of the following chapters Getting Started shows you how to configure and install your sampling module Operating Basics describes controlling the sampling module using the front panel and the instrument user interface m Reference provides additional information including the specifications detailed descriptions of all programming commands are found in the CSA8
48. ical Sampling Modules User Manual i Table of Contents List of Figures Figure 1 Sampling module block 3 Figure 2 Sampling module 80E04 shown 3 Figure 3 Sampling module compartments 6 Figure 4 Installing a sampling 8 Figure 5 Sampling module 80E04 shown 12 Figure 6 Vertical Setup dialog box 14 Figure 7 Simplified schematic diagram of step generator positive polarity 18 Figure 8 Step generator with a shorted output 19 Figure 9 Step generation with a 50 19 Figure 10 Step generation with an open circuit 19 Figure 11 TDR displays for typical loads 21 Figure 12 Microstrip 1 27 Figure 13 TDR waveform of microstrip in Figure 12 28 Figure 14 TDR step and reflection short 29 Figure 15 TDR step and reflection 50 line terminated in 75 31 Figure 16 TDR step of undamaged sampling module 44 Figure 17 First example of EOS error 45 Figure 18 Second example of EOS error showing cumulative effect 0 ccc cece cece cece eee enhn 46 List of Tables Table 1 Application software version required
49. keypad or multipurpose knobs position gates or touch and drag the gate to adjust the gates on Check to screen such that the area to measure is between the display gates gates If necessary to provide a good view of this portion of Gate Gi Gate G2 the waveform adjust the Vertical SCALE and YY POSITION and the Horizontal SCALE POSITION ME ME and Reference To see the difference scale and t s position can make in your waveform display compare i the waveforms in Figure 15 and also compare the das c E E waveforms in figures 12 and 13 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 25 Reference Overview To take a TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources Take cursor 22 Press the SETUP DIALOGS button and select the measurements Cursor tab 23 Select the Waveform cursor type Click to access sources 24 From the pop up list for each of Cursor 1 and Cursor 2 Cursor 1 select your TDR source Select gt Source source from pop up list ic ce Referee gt Magl Press the SELECT button to toggle selection between the two cursors The active cursor is the solid cursor NEU Cewe J Turn the Adjust knob to position each cursor on the math waveform to measure the feature that interests i acauisn wens S CE you pare 20 button Adjust knob ajsa 1 Bun Sten vet Hoz Acq
50. le 1 lists the application software versions and the electrical modules supported To display the version installed select About TDS CSA8000 from the Help menu of the main instrument Table 1 Application software version required TDS CSA8000 application software version Modules supported 80E01 80E02 80E03 80E04 80E06 Supports all currently available modules Product application software version 1 x x requires the Windows 98 operating system 1 0 0 or greater 1 4 0 or greater 2 0 0 or greater Product application software version 2 x x requires the Windows 2000 operating system 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 1 Getting Started Product Description The sampling modules provide the features shown in Table 2 Table 2 Sampling module features Number of independent channels rs C B se 1 Select channel buttons for quick Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes trace identification Maximum non destructive input 2 V DC 3V DC 3V DC peak 3V DC peak 2V DC peak voltage AC AC AC AC AC Vertical sensitivity full scale 10 mV to 1 V 10 mV to 1 V 10 mV to 1 V 10 mV to 1 V 10 mV to 1 V Signal connectors 2 4 mm maleto 3 5 mm female 3 5 mm female 3 5 mm female 2 4 mm male to 2 92 mm K 2 92 mm K female female Number of TDR channels NA INA na de h 1 The 80E01 module risetime is estimated using the formula risetime 0 35 bandwidth The 80E06 module risetime is
51. n working in an area with a conductive floor even if you are uncertain about its conductivity Always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MQ resistor in series when handling components and devices or when making connections to the test set Connect your wrist strap to the antistatic connector on the front of your instrument Refer to the illustration at right Connect 7 Oa 9 wrist strap When cleaning ground the hose nozzle to prevent ESD Set the pressure correctly See Cleaning Connectors on page 39 Visual Inspection Visual inspection and if necessary cleaning should be done every time a 38 connection is made Making a connection with a damaged or dirty connector can damage connectors beyond repair In some cases magnification is necessary to see damage to a connector However defects visible only under magnification are not the only thing to look for Use the following guidelines when checking connectors m Examine connectors first for obvious damage and defects such as worn plating on the interface broken bent or misaligned center conductors and deformed threads 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Reduce connector wear by keeping connectors clean and by connecting them properly m Replace calibration devices with worn connectors and use an adapter on the input connector when applicable to minimize wear W Inspect connector mating plane surfaces for dents scr
52. o discharge to ground any electrostatic charge that may be present on the center and outer connectors of cables before attaching the cable to the sampling module Know your signal source If it is capable of delivering overvoltages it is safer to not depend on the signal source settings for protection but instead use an 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Getting Started external attenuator that protects the input from the worst case conditions For example for a 20 V maximum source connected to a 3 V maximum sampling module use a 10X attenuator Where possible connect your cables to the signal source first and to the sampling module second terminations on the sampling module connectors before removing the sampling modules from an instrument or when it is not in use Store the sampling module in a Static free container such as the shipping container Whenever you move the sampling module from one instrument to another use a static free container to transport the sampling module CAUTION To prevent damage from electrostatic discharge install 50 2 To prevent damage to the sampling module discharge to ground any electrostat ic charge that may be present on the center and outer conductors of cables before attaching the cable to the sampling module To prevent damage to the sampling module do not create an ESD antenna by leaving cables attached to the sampling module input with the other end of the cable open
53. of volts EOS can occur at a low voltage level For Tektronix 80E00 series modules EOS damage could occur at levels as low as 10 V EOS can have a cumulative effect repetitive EOS causes incremental damage over time and results in sampling function deterioration Standard ESD precautions are not very effective for EOS damage prevention This is particularly true when the DUT Device Under Test is isolated from any reference voltage levels including the ground level To prevent EOS damage of 80E00 series modules strictly follow these EOS prevention requirements Observe all ESD prevention procedures m Before letting the probe tip touch the device under test use ground conducting element to discharge any residual charge at the test point m While measuring the DUT make sure that no nearby personnel or objects are moving Moving personnel or objects can induce spurious charges on the probe head Such charges can easily reach levels of several hundred volts For non critical applications proper usage of a static isolation unit such as the Tektronix SIU800 can safely discharge the residual charges and protect the modules from EOS damages 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Checking For Damage If the waveform top is bowed sagged hooked or tilted assume static has damaged the module and service is required Figure 17 on page 45 shows a typical waveform signature indicating EOS damage Also be a
54. omputed and displayed Conversely the speed that energy travels through a cable of known length can also be computed The way in which the energy is reflected and the amount of the energy reflected indicate the condition of the cable Time Domain Transmission TDT A method of characterizing a transmission line or network by transmitting a signal through the network and monitoring the output Trigger An electrical event that initiates acquisition of a sample as specified by the time base Waveform The visible representation of an input signal or combination of signals 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Index A Accessories 4 List 4 Optional 4 Standard 4 Accuracy 53 Address Tektronix vi Adjustments 14 Analog to digital converter 53 Application software version requirement vs module model 1 Assembly and Torquing procedure 41 tips 41 Attenuation 53 Attenuator 53 Automatic measurements 25 Autoset 53 Bandwidth 53 Baseline correction 20 Blown inputs detecting 43 Channel 53 Channel selection 12 Checking for damage 43 Circuitry 3 Cleaning exterior 14 Cleaning Connectors precautions 39 procedures 40 Commands Main instrument front panel 13 Programmer interface 14 Common mode 53 TDR 33 Common mode TDR measurements 18 33 35 Compensation 5 8 when installing moving sampling modules 8 Connector and Adapter Care 38 Connectors 12 Contacting Tektronix vi Cursor mea
55. page 8 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 5 Getting Started Installation Electrostatic Discharge The sampling modules fit into the front panel of an 8000 Series instrument Figure 3 shows the front panel of an instrument and the locations of the sampling module compartments SEGA C69 CJ EC Oe 2 C C cc O Ca Ex COME CO S s0 Large modules o Module ejectors Small modules gt Left most small module compartment is not usable if a large module is installed Figure 3 Sampling module compartments At least one sampling module must be installed in a instrument to sample signals NOTE Installing a large module disables the left most small module compartment Each instrument supports two large compartment channels one per sampling module and eight small compartment channels two per sampling module Eight of the ten channels are usable at one time To prevent electrostatic damage to the 8000 Series instrument and sampling modules follow the precautions described in this manual and the manuals that come with your instrument Circuitry in the sampling module is very susceptible to damage from electrostat ic discharge or from overdrive signals Be sure to only operate the sampling module in a static controlled environment Be sure t
56. r with a shorted output Operation Into a 50 Load Initially the diode switch is conducting 10 mA Since the step generator output is connected to a 50 2 load the resistance to ground at the acquisition point is 25 2 because of the internal 50 2 impedance 4250mV 777 0v Figure 9 Step generation with a 50 Q load When the diode switch opens reverse biased apparent resistance to ground at the acquisition point and at the channel connector is 25 2 because the internal termination resistance is 50 Q in parallel with the connector impedance of 50 Q The voltage at the acquisition point rises to 250 mV The transition propagates to the 50 Q load and no reflection occurs Operation Into an Open Initially the diode switch is conducting 10 mA Since the step generator output is open the resistance to ground at the acquisition point is 50 Q because of the internal 50 Q impedance 4500 mV 250 mV oV Figure 10 Step generation with an open circuit 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 19 Reference 20 When the diode switch opens reverse biased apparent resistance to ground at the acquisition point and at the channel connector is 25 because the internal termination resistance is 50 Q in parallel with the connector impedance of 50 Q The voltage at the acquisition point rises to 250 mV The transition propagates to the open in the DUT and is positi
57. re s specified by the IPC TM 650 test methodology m Detecting Blown Inputs describes how to check for damage on an 80E04 sampling module or a non TDR sampling module m EOS Electrical Overstress Prevention describes the causes how to prevent EOS and how to check for damage Taking TDR Measurements This section describes how to use the 80E04 to perform TDR measurements Why Use take TDR measurements on transmission lines Using TDR you can measure the impedance along a transmission line and determine the distance to an impedance change What s Special vertical can be scaled in volts rho or ohms units What s Excluded This feature only works with a 80E04 sampling module 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 17 Reference 18 Keys to Using Read the following topics they provide details that can help you set up and take effective TDR measurements TDR Step Generation Both channels in the 80 04 TDR sampling module have a selectable polarity step generator which gives both channels measurement capabilities You can use the outputs of both generators to perform differential and common mode TDR measurements The step generator circuitry consists fundamentally of a polarity selectable current source and a diode switch Initially before the step the diode switch is biased to conduct current to the output When the diode switch opens the step occurs A DC current source assures that the baselin
58. se a reflection As an example if an open solder connection exists on a circuit board you can see that change with TDR TDR also displays changes in the conductor resistance For example if there is corrosion in a joint and there is high resistance at that point this is seen by a TDR TDR also displays changes in capacitance If you think of the TDR display in terms of bumps and dips it tends to make interpretation a lot easier A bump upward deflection indicates a higher imped ance event such as an open see Figure 13 or a reduction in line width see Figure 12 A dip downward deflection indicates a lower impedance event such as a short see Figure 14 or an increase in conductor width see Figure 12 The time location of the high impedance event or low impedance event as well as the delta times is displayed on screen Open Inductive discontinuity Connector Capacitive discontinuity Figure 13 TDR waveform of microstrip in Figure 12 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Figure 14 TDR step and reflection short TDR Measurement Range What is the range of your TDR is a common question asked by people looking to purchase a TDR This is a very important question that cannot be answered simply Another important consideration is how close together the TDR can resolve features This section discusses TDR range and the factors affecting it There are a number of factors that
59. surements 26 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual D dB 53 Decibel 53 Detecting blown inputs 43 Dialog box 53 Differential mode 53 Differential TDR measurements 18 33 Digital signal 53 E Electrical Overstress Prevention Causes 44 Electrostatic discharge 6 procedures 38 protection against 38 EOS 54 Checking for damage 45 Example of EOS 45 Prevention 44 Ssecond example of EOS 46 EOS Prevention 44 Extender cable 5 External attenuation 54 F Front panel controls 12 G Getting started 1 Glossary 53 H Horizontal units selecting 24 Impedance 54 Incident step 54 Initialize 54 Input voltage maximum 11 Installation 6 Internal clock 54 55 Index Manuals part numbers 4 Measurements Automatic 25 Cursor 26 Measurements TDR 17 32 0 Operating basics 11 Optional accessories list 4 Options List 4 P Phone number Tektronix vi Product description 2 Product support contact information vi Programmer commands 14 Propagation delay adjustment TDR 37 R Reference 17 Reference plane 37 Rho units selecting 23 S Safety Summary iii SELECT CHANNEL button 12 13 Service support contact information vi Setting 54 Signal Connector 12 Software application version requirement vs module model 1 Specifications 47 Standard accessories 4 Static controlled workstation 7 Step Deskew TDR 37 Step generation
60. te TDR system step 396 or less over the zone 10 ns to 20 ps before step transition response aberrations 10 5 or less typical for the first 400 ps following step transition 3 or less over the zone 400 ps to 5 ns following step transition 1 or less after 5 ns following step transition IEEE std 1057 section 4 8 2 transition duration of step response IEEE std 1057 section 4 8 4 overshoot and precursors 1 2 Table 9 Electrical sampling modules Timebase system Specifications Characteristics DC 200 kHz maximum lt 19 ns no extender cable present external direct trigger operation Sampling rate Horizontal position range minimum deskew adjust range between channels Table 10 Electrical sampling modules Power consumption Specifications Characteristics Power dissipation Power dissipation 14 W 32W 24W 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 51 52 Specifications Table 11 Electrical sampling modules Mechanical Specifications Characteristics Weight unpackaged 0 4 kg 13 oz Overall dimensions Height 25 mm 1 0 in Width 79 mm 3 1 in Depth 135 mm 5 3 in Does not include connectors connector savers connector covers push buttons or lock down hardware protruding from the front or rear panels Construction material Chassis aluminum alloy Front panel plastic laminate Circuit boards glass laminate Cabinet aluminum NOTE For System Environment
61. this instrument Use only deionized water when cleaning the menu buttons or front panel buttons Use a 75 isopropyl alcohol solution as a cleaner and rinse with deionized water Before using any other type of cleaner consult your Tektronix Service Center or representative Do not open the case of the module There are no user serviceable components and cleaning the interior is not required 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 15 Operating Basics 16 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual EIU SUN Reference This chapter contains the following sections m Taking TDR Measurements describes how to use the 80E04 sampling module to perform time domain reflectometry TDR measurements m TDR Measurements Background contains information that describes the cause of reflections measurement range the velocity of propagation and measuring mismatches measurement units and considerations for making accurate measurements m Taking Differential and Common Mode TDR Measurements describes how to use the S0E04 sampling module to perform differential and common mode TDR measurements m Connector and Adapter Care Requirements describes proper care and use of the 80E06 connector and adapter including protection against electrostatic discharge ESD cleaning connectors and the assembly and torquing of connectors m TDR Impedance Measuring describes the stand alone application that implements the TDR calibration procedu
62. us div Figure 18 Second example of EOS error showing cumulative effect 46 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual TE aE Specifications This section contains specifications for the 80E01 80E02 80E03 80E04 and 80E06 sampling modules All specifications are guaranteed unless noted as typical Typical specifications are provided for your convenience but are not guaranteed Specifications that are marked with the symbol are checked in Performance Verification in the service manual All specifications apply to all models of sampling module unless noted otherwise To meet specifications three conditions must first be met m The instrument must have been calibrated adjusted at an ambient tempera ture between 20 C and 30 C m The oscilloscope must have been operating continuously for 20 minutes within the operating temperature range specified m The instrument must be in an environment with temperature altitude humidity and vibration within the operating limits described in these specifications NOTE Sampling Interface refers to both the electrical sampling module interface and the optical module interface unless otherwise specified Table 6 Electrical sampling modules Descriptions Sampling module Description 80E01 1 channel 50 GHz 7 ps risetime bandwidth 50 2 sampling module 80E02 2 channel 12 5 GHz 28 ps risetime bandwidth 50 low noise sampling module 80E03 2 channel 20
63. vely reflected back to the acquisition point causing the voltage at the acquisition point to rise to 500 mV At the acquisition point the time displayed from the first step to the second step is the round trip propagation time from the acquisition point to the open in the DUT and back See Figure 10 Baseline Correction The baseline of a current source based step generator normally shifts its DC level with loading The use of a DC current source to cancel the step source current maintains the baseline level close to see Figure 7 on page 18 Shape of Reflections The shape of a reflection reveals the nature and magnitude of the load impedance mismatch or fault even when the load impedance is not a short 50 or open Figure 11 shows typical TDR displays and the load that generated the reflection 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Reference Open circuit termination Z E Ej Line terminated Z 2Z E 3 V Line terminated in Characteristic Z 2 Zo E 0 20 2 V E E 3 Line terminated in Z Z 2 E Ej 3 Short circuit termination Z 0 E Ej Figure 11 TDR displays for typical loads Oo V Ej Line terminated in a series R L V Line terminated in a shunt R C V g Line terminated in a shunt R L Line terminated in a series R C 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules
64. w connected to the line you will see the new open reflection to the right according to the length of the line There may be a visible disturbance where the connections is made to the board for example see Figure 12 on page 27 The area between the entry to the board and the open reflection at the end of the board is the target area for your TDR measurements Adjust Vertical SCALE Vertical POSITION Horizontal SCALE and Horizontal POSITION as necessary for a good quality display of the measurement area Changing TDR 8 The units of measure commonly used in TDR are units graticule units of rho p measured on the vertical axis You can TDR tab change the measurement units by using the ACQ Units selector in the TDR Setups dialog box Wim D tabase Hist Cursor Meas Press the SETUP DIALOGS button and select the TDR Nez Tio tab Mask Disp Step ACO Preset Polarity Enable gt w TDR z zi 10 Select either V for Volts o for rho or Q for ohms 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 23 Reference Overview To take a TDR measurement cont Control elements amp resources Specifying hori 11 Select the HORIZONTAL tab zontal timebase Distance units 12 button Select the Distance radio button Use this control to specify the type of units to use for the horizontal axis for Units all timebases You can select from seconds bits or C Seconds Bits
65. ware that EOS can be cumulative that is every time an EOS event occurs during testing EOS damage can accumulate until there is even greater damage as shown in Figure 18 on page 46 In this example the percentage of overshoot is increased To check for damage use one of the following procedures If checking an 80E04 sampling module and your instrument has TDR capability attach a 50 Q termination to the channel input and perform a TDR measurement of the attached fitting 1 Select the TDR channel to turn it on 2 Press the TDR preset 3 Adjust the HORIZONTAL SCALE to 2 us per division The vertical setting should be 200 mo as shown in the illustrations This should display the entire TDR step from edge to edge Display the step top at 40 mo per division and check for flatness The top of the waveform should be flat If checking a non TDR sampling module use a procedure similar to the preceding procedure but use an external step source The Tektronix part number 067 1338 00 is recommended 1 995 p lt EOS Signature 200 Idiv trig d a T 2 005 p 261 7 ns 2 us div 20 26 us div Figure 17 First example of EOS error 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual 45 Reference 1 995 p S signature 200 Idiv trig d a 2 005 261 7 ns 20 26
66. width risetime product The 80E06 rise time is calculated from the 0 35 typical bandwidth risetime product 5 std 1057 section 4 6 Analog Bandwidth 6 std 1057 section 4 8 4 Overshoot and Precursors Step transition occurs at the point of minimum radius of the waveform curvature after the 50 amplitude point of the step leading edge 7 When tested using a V connector equipped 50 ohm ultrafast PIN Photodetector with greater than 50 GHz bandwidth which is driven by an ultrafast mode locked impulse laser for example the Calmar FPL 01 8 Because the 2 4 mm connector of this adapter will mechanically interface with the 1 85 mm connector of the 80E06 it serves as a 1 85 mm to 2 92 mm connector for the 80E06 module Table 8 Electrical sampling module 80E04 TDR system Specifications Characteristics Number of TDR 2 one per channel channels TDR polarity and Positive polarity negative polarity and TDR off are independently operation mode selectable for each channel selections 80E00 Electrical Sampling Modules User Manual Specifications Table 8 Electrical sampling module 80E04 TDR system cont Specifications Characteristics Maximum input Do not apply input voltage during TDR operation voltage TDR amplitude 250 mV each polarity typical 4 TDR system 35 ps each polarity reflected rise time TDR system incident 28 ps typical rise time TDR step maximum 200 kHz repetition ra

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