Home

Untitled

1. If desired you can customize the Live Data display to show SP only those PIDs you are interested in viewing See Customizing Live Data PIDs below for details 6 You can toggle back and forth between the DTC screen to view DTCs and Live Data screen to view PIDs by alternately pressing and releasing the DTC FF and the LD ENTER 2 buttons once the unit will stay linked to the vehicle while toggling between modes If the DTC FF button is pressed twice then the screen will scroll to the next DTC and the tool will be taken out of link When toggling from the Live Data to the DTC screen a one moment please message will temporarily display followed by the DTC screen CUSTOMIZING LIVE DATA PIDs This feature lets you customize the Scan Tool display to show only those PIDs that are of interest at the current time You can customize the Live Data display by placing the Scan Tool in Custom Live Data mode and selecting only the PIDs that you wish to display To customize the Live Data display proceed as follows 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER 2 button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN button to highlight Custom Live Data then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The Custom Live Data menu displays with the first PID in the menu highlighted 3 Use the DOWN button to scroll through the
2. In the case of long code definitions or when viewing Freeze 352 Frame Data small arrow is shown in the upper lower right hand corner of the Scan Tool display area to indicate the presence of additional information Use the v button as necessary to view the additional information If a definition for the currently displayed code is not available an advisory message shows on the Scan Tool s display 9 Read and interpret the Diagnostic Trouble Codes using the LCD display and the green yellow and red LEDs The green yellow and red LEDs are used with the LCD display as visual aids to make it easier to determine engine system conditions Green LED V Indicates that all engine systems are OK and running normally All monitors on the vehicle are active and are performing their diagnostic testing and no trouble codes are present A zero will show on the Scan Tool s display and all Monitor icons will be solid OBD2 27 Using the Scan Tool CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE m Yellow LED Indicates one of the following conditions PENDING CODE PRESENT If the yellow LED is lit it may indicate the existence of a pending code Check the Scan Tools LCD display for confirmation A pending code is confirmed by the presence of a numeric code and the word PENDING on the Scan Tool s LCD display MONITOR STATUS If the Scan Tools LCD display shows a zero indicating there are no DTCs present
3. 02522 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 2 O2S Location 02531 Oxygen Sensor Bank 3 Sensor 1 O2S Location 02532 Oxygen Sensor Bank 3 Sensor 2 O2S Location 02541 Oxygen Sensor Bank 4 Sensor 1 OBD2 43 Generic Global OBD2 PID List Tool Display Unit Value PID Description O2S Location O2S42 Oxygen Sensor Bank 4 Sensor 2 OBD Support OBD2 OBD Requirements OBD Support OBD OBD Requirements OBD Support OBDand OBD Requirements OBD2 OBD Support OBD1 OBD Requirements OBD Support No OBD OBD Requirements OBD Support EOBD OBD Requirements OBD Support EOBD and OBD Requirements OBD2 OBD Support EOBD and OBD Requirements OBD OBD Support EOBD OBD Requirements OBD and OBD2 OBD Support JOBD OBD Requirements OBD Support JOBD and OBD Requirements OBD2 OBD Support JOBD and OBD Requirements EOBD OBD Support JOBD OBD Requirements EOBD and OBD2 PTO Status On Off Power Take Off Status Rel TPS 96 XXX X Relative Throttle Position Spark Adv deg XX Ignition Timing Advance 1 Cylinder STFT B1 96 XXX X Short Term Fuel Trim Bank 1 STFT B1 S1 96 XXX X Bank 1 Sensor 1 STFT B1 S2 96 XXX X Bank 1 Sensor 2 STFT B1 S3 96 XXX X Bank 1 Sensor 3 STFT B1 S4 96 XXX X Bank 1 Sensor 4 STFT B2 96 XXX X Short Term Fuel Trim Bank 2 STFT B2 S1 96 XXX X Bank 2 Sensor 1 STFT B2 S2 96 XXX X B
4. EASY TO USE EASY TO VIEW EASY TO DEFINE Easy To Use Connect the Scan Tool to the vehicle s test connector Turn the ignition key On DO NOT start the engine The Scan Tool will automatically link to the vehicle s computer Easy To View The Scan Tool retrieves stored codes Freeze Frame data I M Readiness status Codes I M Readiness status and Freeze Frame data are displayed on the Scan Tool s display screen System status is indicated by LED indicators Easy To Define Read code definitions from the Scan Tool s display View Freeze Frame data View Live Data OBD2 Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST SAFETY FIRST This manual describes common test procedures used by experienced service technicians Many test procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that can result in personal injury and or damage to your vehicle or test equipment Always read your vehicle s service manual and follow its safety precautions before and during any test or service procedure ALWAYS observe the following general safety precautions When an engine is running it produces carbon monoxide a toxic and poisonous gas To prevent serious injury or death from carbon monoxide poisoning operate the vehicle ONLY in a well ventilated area To protect your eyes from propelled objects as well as hot or caustic liquids always wear approved safety eye protection When an
5. When a Type A DTC is found on the First Trip the following events take place m The computer commands the MIL On when the failure is first found m If the failure causes a severe misfire that may cause damage to the catalytic converter the MIL flashes once per second The MIL continues to flash as long as the condition exists If the condition that caused the MIL to flash is no longer present the MIL will light steady On m A DTC is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval A Freeze Frame of the conditions present in the engine or emissions system when the MIL was ordered On is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval This information shows fuel system status closed loop or open loop engine load coolant temperature fuel trim value MAP vacuum engine RPM and DTC priority When a Type B DTC is found on the First Trip the following events take place m The computer sets a Pending DTC but the MIL is not ordered On Freeze Frame data may or may not be saved at this time depending on manufacturer The Pending DTC is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval m f the failure is found on the second consecutive trip the MIL is ordered On Freeze Frame data is saved in the computer s memory m If the failure is not found on the second Trip the Pending DTC is erased from the computer s memory The MIL will stay lit for both Type A and Type B codes until one
6. only The Oxygen Sensor Monitor is a Two Trip monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Secondary Air System Monitor When a cold engine is first started it runs in open loop mode During open loop operation the engine usually runs rich A vehicle running rich wastes fuel and creates increased emissions such as carbon monoxide and some hydrocarbons A Secondary Air System injects air into the exhaust stream to aid catalytic converter operation 1 It supplies the catalytic converter with the oxygen it needs to oxidize the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons left over from the combustion process during engine warm up 2 The extra oxygen injected into the exhaust stream also helps the catalytic converter reach operating temperature more quickly during warm up periods The catalytic converter must heat to operating temperature to work properly The Secondary Air System Monitor checks for component integrity and system operation and tests for faults in the system The computer runs this Monitor once per trip The Secondary Air System Monitor is a Two Trip monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves this fault in its memory as a Pending C
7. OBD2 About the Scan Tool VEHICLES COVERED VEHICLES COVERED The Scan Tool is designed to work on all OBD2 compliant vehicles All 1996 and newer vehicles cars and light trucks sold in the United States are OBD2 compliant This includes all Domestic Asian and European vehicles Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles are OBD2 compliant To find out if a 1994 or 1995 vehicle is OBD2 compliant check the following 1 The Vehicle Emissions Control Information VECI Label This label is located under the hood or by the radiator of most vehicles If the vehicle is OBD2 compliant the label will state OBD II Certified VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION ENGINE FAMILY EFN2 6YBT2BA DISPLACEMENT 2 6L VEHICLE THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS U S EPA AND STATE a MANUFACTURER OF CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO 1999 MODEL YEAR NEW TLEV PASSENGER CARS OB D II REFER TO SERVICE MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TUNE UP CONDITIONS NORMAL OPERATING ENGINE TEMPERATURE C ERTI FI E D ACCESSORIES OFF COOLING FAN OFF TRANSMISSION IN NEUTRAL EXHAUST EMISSIONS STANDARDS STANDARD CATEGORY CERTIFICATION TLEV IN USE TLEV INTERMEDIATE eee CATALYST lll GAP 1 1MM 2 Government Regulations require that all OBD2 compliant vehicles must have a common sixteen pin Data Link Connector DLC Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles have 16 pin connectors but are not OBD 2 compliant Only th
8. Pressure PSI XX X Fuel Press kPa XXXXX Fuel Rail Pressure PSI IXXXX X Fuel Sys 1 OL Fuel System 1 Status Fuel Sys 1 CL Fuel System 1 Status Fuel Sys 1 OL Drive Fuel System 1 Status Fuel Sys 1 OL Fault Fuel System 1 Status Fuel Sys 1 CL Fault Fuel System 1 Status Fuel Sys 2 OL Fuel System 2 Status Fuel Sys 2 CL Fuel System 2 Status Fuel Sys 2 OL Drive Fuel System 2 Status Fuel Sys 2 OL Fault Fuel System 2 Status Fuel Sys 2 CL Fault Fuel System 2 Status IAT C XXX XXX Intake Air Temperature F LOAD Value 9 XXX X Absolute Load Value LTFT B1 9 XXX X Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 1 LTFT B2 9 XXX X Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 2 LTFT B3 9 XXX X Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 3 LTFT B4 XXX X Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 4 MAF g s l XXX XX Air Flow Rate from Mass Air Flow b min IXXXX X Sensor MAP kPa XXX Intake Manifold Absolute Pressure PSI XX X MIL On Time hrs XXXX XX Engine Run Time while MIL ON min Monitor Status ICONS on Monitor Status this Driving Cycle Display O28 B1 S1 V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 1 42 OBD2 Generic Global OBD2 PID List Tool Display Unit Value PID Description O28 B1 S1 mA X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 1 025 Current mA 02S B181V V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 1 O2S Voltage O28 B1 S2 V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 2 O28 B1 S2 mA X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 2 O28 Current mA O28 B1 S2V V X XXX Ban
9. Top off low fluid levels if needed m Make sure the air filter is clean and in good condition Make sure all air filter ducts are properly connected Check the air filter ducts for holes rips or cracks m sure all engine belts are in good condition Check for cracked torn brittle loose or missing belts m sure mechanical linkages to engine sensors throttle gearshift position transmission etc are secure and properly connected See your vehicle s service manual for locations m Check all rubber hoses radiator and steel hoses vacuum fuel for leaks cracks blockage or other damage Make sure all hoses are routed and connected properly m Make sure all spark plugs are clean and in good condition Check for damaged loose disconnected or missing spark plug wires m Make sure the battery terminals are clean and tight Check for corrosion or broken connections Check for proper battery and charging system voltages m Check all electrical wiring and harnesses for proper connection Make sure wire insulation is in good condition and there are no bare wires m Make sure the engine is mechanically sound If needed perform a com pression check engine vacuum check timing check if applicable etc VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS Always refer to the manufacturer s service manual for your vehicle before performing any test or repair procedures Contact your local car dealership auto parts store or bookstore for av
10. a malfunction have been encountered XXXCOND and the number of times that the vehicle has been operated under the specific conditions for the monitor XXXCOMP Statistics are also provided for the number of times the vehicle has been operated in OBD monitoring conditions OBDCOND and the number of times the vehicle s engine has been started IGNCNTR 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER 2 button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN button to highlight Vehicle Information then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The Vehicle Information menu displays OBD2 Additional Functions O2 SENSOR TEST m Use the DOWN button to highlight IPT then press the LD ENTER 2 button m A One moment please message displays while the requested information is retrieved from the vehicle s computer m f In use Performance Tracking is not supported by the vehicle under test an advisory message shows on the Scan Tool s display Press the LD ENTER 2 button to exit 3 When the retrieved process is completed In use Performance Tracking statistics for monitors supported by the vehicle under test are shown on the Scan Tool s display Use the DOWN button to view the entire list 4 When you have finished viewing the statistics press the LD ENTER button to exit O2 SENSO
11. available PIDs When the PID you wish to display is highlighted press the LD ENTER 2 button to select it a checkmark will show in the checkbox to the right of the PID to confirm your selection Repeat the procedure until only the PIDs you want to display have all been selected OBD2 33 Live Data Mode CUSTOMIZING LIVE DATA m To deselect a currently selected PID highlight the PID then press the LD ENTER 2 button The checkmark will be removed from the checkbox 4 When you are finished making your selection s scroll to the end of the PID list and highlight the word DONE then press the LD ENTER button m The Scan Tool is now in Custom Live Data mode Only the PIDs you selected are shown on the Scan Tool s display m To toggle between the Custom Live Data display and the full Live Data display momentarily press the LD ENTER 2 button 5 To exit the Custom Live Data mode press and hold the LD ENTER 2 button until the Mode Selection Menu displays 34 OBD2 Additional Functions VIEWING VEHICLE INFORMATION VIEWING VEHICLE INFORMATION The Scan Tool offers three options for retrieving reference information for the vehicle under test Vehicle ID Available Modules and IPT In use Performance Tracking Retrieving Vehicle ID Information The Vehicle ID function is applicable to model year 2000 and newer OBD2 compliant vehicles The Scan Tool can retrieve a list of i
12. engine is running many parts such as the coolant fan pulleys fan belt etc turn at high speed To avoid serious injury always be aware of moving parts Keep a safe distance from these parts as well as other potentially moving objects Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running To prevent severe burns avoid contact with hot engine parts Before starting an engine for testing or trouble shooting make sure the parking brake is engaged Put the transmission in park for automatic transmission or neutral for manual transmission Block the drive wheels with suitable blocks Connecting or disconnecting test equipment when the ignition is ON can damage test equipment and the vehicle s electronic components Turn the ignition OFF before connecting the Code Reader to or disconnecting the Code Reader from the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC A To prevent damage to the on board computer when taking vehicle electrical measurements always use digital multimeter with at least 10 megOhms of impedance 4 i The vehicle s battery produces highly flammable hydrogen Te gas To prevent an explosion keep all sparks heated items Y and open flames away from the battery Don t wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an engine Loose clothing can become caught in the fan pulleys belts etc Jewelry is highly conductive and can cause a severe burn if it makes contact between a power source and ground 2
13. in the vehicle s computer but the yellow LED is lit it indicates a Monitor Has Not Run status This means that some of the Monitors on the vehicle have not yet finished their diagnostic self testing This condition is confirmed by one or more blinking Monitor icons on the LCD display A blinking Monitor icon means the Monitor has not yet run and finished its diagnostic self testing All Monitor icons that are solid have completed their diagnostic self testing m Red LED X Indicates there is a problem with one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to show that DTC s are present displayed on the Scan Tools LCD display In this case the Malfunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will light steady on m DTC s that start with PO P2 and some are considered Generic Universal All Generic DTC definitions are the same on all OBD2 equipped vehicles The Scan Tool automatically displays the code definitions if available for Generic DTC s m that start with P1 and some P3 are Manufacturer specific codes and their code definitions vary with each vehicle manufacturer When a Manufacturer specific DTC is retrieved the LCD display shows a list of vehicle manufacturers Use the DOWN button as necessary to highlight the appropriate manufacturer then press the LD ENTER button to display the correct code definition for your vehicle A confirmation messa
14. keyed and will only fit one way m f you have problems connecting the cable connector to the DLC rotate the connector 180 and try again If you still have problems check the DLC on the vehicle and on the Scan Tool Refer to your vehicle s service manual to properly check the vehicle s DLC m After the Scan Tool s test connector is properly connected to the vehicle s DLC the Vehicle icon amp should display to confirm a good power connection 4 Turn the ignition on DO NOT start the engine 5 The Scan Tool will automatically turn ON 4 m f the unit does not power on automatically when connected to the vehicle s DLC connector it usually indicates there is no power present at the vehicle s DLC connector Check your fuse panel and replace any burned out fuses m f replacing the fuse s does not correct the problem consult your vehicle s repair manual to identify the proper computer PCM fuse circuit and perform any necessary repairs before proceeding OBD2 25 Using the Scan Tool CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 26 6 The Scan Tool will automatically start a check of the vehicle s computer to determine which type of communication protocol it is using When the Scan Tool identifies the computer s communication protocol a communication link is established The protocol type used by the vehicle s computer is shown on the display A PROTOCOL is a set of rules and procedures for regulating data SE
15. manufacturer used their own code numbers code definitions and language to describe the same faults m To expand the operation of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL m To standardize communication procedures and protocols between the diagnostic equipment Scan Tools Code Readers etc and the vehicle s on board computer OBD2 Terminology The following terms and their definitions are related to OBD2 systems Read and reference this list as needed to aid in the understanding of OBD2 systems 10 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS Powertrain Control Module PCM The PCM is the OBD2 accepted term for the vehicle s on board computer In addition to controlling the engine management and emissions systems the PCM also participates in controlling the powertrain transmission operation Most PCMs also have the ability to communicate with other computers on the vehicle ABS ride control body etc m Monitor Monitors are diagnostic routines programmed into the PCM The PCM utilizes these programs to run diagnostic tests and to monitor operation of the vehicle s emissions related components or systems to ensure they are operating correctly and within the vehicle s manufacturer specifications Currently up to eleven Monitors are used in OBD2 systems Additional Monitors will be added as the OBD2 system is further developed g Notall vehicles support all eleven Monitors m Enabling Cr
16. not confuse a Trip Drive Cycle with an OBD2 Drive Cycle N A Trip Drive Cycle provides the Enabling Criteria for one specific Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing An OBD2 Drive Cycle must meet the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors on a particular vehicle to run and complete their diagnostic testing m Warm up Cycle Vehicle operation after an engine off period where engine temperature rises at least 40 F 22 C from its temperature before starting and reaches at least 160 F 70 C The PCM uses warm up cycles as a counter to automatically erase a specific code and related data from its memory When no faults related to the original problem are detected within a specified number of warm up cycles the code is erased automatically DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs are meant to guide you to the proper Diagnostic Trouble service procedure in the vehicle s Codes DTCs are service manual DO NOT replace parts codes that identify a based only on DTCs without first specific problem area consulting the vehicle s service manual for proper testing procedures for that particular system circuit or component DTCs are alphanumeric codes that are used to identify a problem that is present in any of the systems that are monitored by the on board computer PCM Each trouble code has an assigned message that identifies the circuit component or system area where the proble
17. of engine misfires Types 1 2 and 3 Type 1 and Type 3 misfires are two trip monitor faults If a fault is sensed on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The MIL is not commanded on at this time If the fault is found again on the second trip under similar conditions of engine speed load and temperature the computer commands the MIL On and the code is saved in its long term memory Type 2 misfires are the most severe type of misfire When a Type 2 misfire is sensed on the first trip the computer commands the MIL to light when the misfire is sensed If the computer determines that a Type 2 misfire is severe and may cause catalytic converter damage it commands the MIL to flash once per second as soon as the misfire is sensed When the misfire is no longer present the MIL reverts to steady On condition The Misfire Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles Q Catalyst Monitor The catalytic converter is a device that is installed downstream of the exhaust manifold It helps to oxidize burn the unburned fuel hydrocarbons and partially burned fuel carbon monoxide left over from the combustion process To accomplish this heat and catalyst materials inside the converter react with the exhaust gases to burn the remaining fuel Some materials inside the catalytic converter also have the ability to store o
18. s to be set are not made the code s will appear again and the check engine light will illuminate as soon as the vehicle is driven long enough for its Monitors to complete their testing OBD2 31 Live Data Mode VIEWING LIVE DATA The Scan Tool is a special tool that communicates with the vehicle s computer The Scan Tool lets you view and or capture record real time Live Data This information includes values volts rpm temperature speed etc and system status information open loop closed loop fuel system status etc generated by the various vehicle sensors switches and actuators In effect the Scan Tool lets you view in real time the same signal values generated by the sensors actuators switches and or vehicle system status information used by the vehicle s computer when calculating and conducting system adjustments and correc tions The real time Live Data vehicle operating information values status that the computer supplies to the Scan Tool for each sensor actuator switch etc is called Parameter Identification PID Data Each PID sensor actuator switch status etc has a set of operating characteristics and features parameters that serve to identify it The Scan Tool displays this information for each sensor actuator switch or status that is supported by the vehicle under test WARNING If the vehicle must be driven in order to perform a Sr troubleshooting procedure ALWAYS have
19. saves the code in its long term memory Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor tests the operation of the oxygen sensor s heater There are two modes of operation on a computer controlled vehicle open loop and closed loop The vehicle operates in open loop when the engine is cold before it reaches normal operating temperature The vehicle also goes to open loop mode at other times such as heavy load and full throttle conditions When the vehicle is running in open loop the oxygen sensor signal is ignored by the computer for air fuel mixture corrections Engine efficiency during open loop operation is very low and results in the production of more vehicle emissions Closed loop operation is the best condition for both vehicle emissions and vehicle operation When the vehicle is operating in closed loop the computer uses the oxygen sensor signal for air fuel mixture corrections In order for the computer to enter closed loop operation the oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600 F The oxygen sensor heater helps the oxygen sensor reach and maintain its minimum operating temperature 600 F more quickly to bring the vehicle into closed loop operation as soon as possible The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves
20. selected option or value When linked to a vehicle places the Scan tool in Live Data mode OBD2 About the Scan Tool DISPLAY FUNCTIONS GREEN LED Indicates that all engine systems are running normally all Monitors on the vehicle are active and performing their diagnostic testing and no DTCs are present YELLOW LED Indicates there is a possible problem A Pending DTC is present and or some of the vehicle s emission monitors have not run their diagnostic testing gt lt RED LED Indicates there is a problem in one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to show that DTC s are present DTCs are shown on the Scan Tool s LCD display In this case the Multifunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will light steady on LCD Display Displays test results Scan Tool functions and Monitor status information See DISPLAY FUNCTIONS below for details CABLE Connects the Scan Tool to the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC DISPLAY FUNCTIONS Q Qo TU 17 0000 5 FREEZE FRANE die r Figure 2 Display Functions See Figure 2 for the locations of items 1 through 11 below 1 OBD2 Vehicle icon Indicates whether or not the Scan Tool is being properly powered through the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC A visible icon indicates that the Scan Tool is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector 40 Link icon Indica
21. transmission between computers and between testing equipment and computers As of this writing five different types of protocols ISO 9141 Keyword 2000 J1850 PWM J1850 VPW and CAN are in use by vehicle manufacturers The Scan Tool automatically identifies the protocol type and establishes a communication link with the vehicle s computer m f the Scan Tool fails to link to the vehicle s computer a Linking Failed message shows on the Scan Tool s display Verify the connection at the DLC and verify the ignition is ON Turn the ignition OFF wait five seconds then turn back ON to reset the computer Ensure your vehicle is OBD2 compliant See VEHICLES COVERED on page 3 for vehicle compliance verification information m The Scan Tool will automatically re link to the vehicle s computer every 15 seconds to refresh the data being retrieved When data is being refreshed the message moment AUTO LINK is in progress is shown on the LCD display This action repeats as long as the Scan Tool is communicating with the vehicle s computer 7 After approximately 4 5 seconds the Scan Tool will retrieve and display any Diagnostic Trouble Codes Monitor Status and Freeze Frame Data retrieved from the vehicle s computer memory m The Scan Tool will display a code only if codes are present in the vehicle s computer memory If no codes are present a No DTC s or Freeze Frame data presently stored in th
22. DIGITAL lt lt C lt SCAN TOOL The Easiest And Best Way To Troubleshoot 1996 and Newer OBD2 Vehicles Table of Contents YOU GAN DOIT eias mie ERR eden He ated 1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SAFETY EIRSTI 4 stadie na dives sienna 2 ABOUT THE SCAN TOOL VEHICLES COVERED asna mann ardere 3 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 4 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS eese 5 ONBOARD DIAGNOSTICS COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS 7 DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 12 OBD2 MONITORS s as eee RU Re aksa 15 PREPARATION FOR TESTING BEFORE YOU BEGIN 2 get e terrens 24 VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS sene 24 USING THE SCAN TOOL CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 25 ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 30 LIVE DATA MODE VIEWING LIVE DATA 32 CUSTOMIZING LIVE DATA PIDs 33 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS VIEWING VEHICLE INFORMATION 35 O2 SENSOR TEST ied entere ren 37 ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS 38 GENERIC GLOBAL OBD2 PID LIST 41 WARRANTY AND SERVICING LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY we 49 SERVICE PROCEDURES senes 49 i OBD2 You Can Do It
23. E CONTROLS Vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing The computer continuously makes adjustments or corrections especially to the air fuel mixture and spark timing to keep all the engine systems operating within the preset reference values On Board Diagnostics First Generation OBD1 With the exception of some 1994 and 1995 vehicles most vehicles from 1982 to 1995 are equipped with some type of first generation On Board Diagnostics Beginning in 1988 California s Air Resources Board CARB and later the Environmental Protection Agency EPA required vehicle manufacturers to include a self diagnostic program in their on board computers The program would be capable of identifying emissions related faults in a system The first generation of Onboard Diagnostics came to be known as OBD1 OBD1 is a set of self testing and diagnostic instructions programmed into the vehicle s on board computer The programs are specifically designed to detect failures in the sensors actuators switches and wiring of the various vehicle emissions related systems If the computer detects a failure in any of these components or systems it lights an indicator on the dashboard to alert the driver The indicator lights only when an emissions related problem is detected The computer also assigns a numeric code for each specific problem that it detects and stores these codes in its memory for later retrieval These codes can be retr
24. MONITORS Name of Monitor A B C D E F Comprehensive Component Monitor Continuous 1 2 1 3 40 Misfire Monitor lt 3 similar Type 1 and 3 Continuos 1 i 1 conditions 89 Misfire Monitor 3 similar Type 2 Continuous 1 conditions 80 Fuel System Monitor 3 similar Continuous 1 10r2 1 conditions 80 Catalytic Converter Once per Monitor trip 1 1 3 trips 40 Oxygen Sensor Once per Monitor trip 1 z 1 Saps 10 Oxygen Sensor Once per c Heater Monitor trip 2 1 3 trips 10 Recirculation EGR OncePer 4 2 1 3 trips 40 trip Monitor Evaporative Once per Emissions Controls 1 2 1 3 trips 40 trip Monitor Secondary Air Once per System AIR Monitor trip 1 2 1 ape A9 NMHC Monitor oa 1 2 1 8 trips 40 Nox Adsorber Monitor ae 1 2 1 8 trips 40 Boost Pressure Once per System Monitor trip i 5 Sitrips 40 Exhaust Gas Sensor Once per Monitor trip 1 1 trips 40 PM Filter Monitor ud 1 2 1 3 trips 40 OBD2 23 Preparation for Testing BEFORE YOU BEGIN VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS BEFORE YOU BEGIN Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test See your vehicle s service manual or a mechanic for more information Check the following areas before starting any test m Check the engine oil power steering fluid transmission fluid if applicable engine coolant and other fluids for proper levels
25. R TEST OBD2 regulations require that applicable vehicles monitor and test operation of the oxygen O2 sensors to identify problems that can affect fuel efficiency and vehicle emissions These tests are performed automatically when engine operating conditions are within predefined limits Results of these tests are stored in the on board computer s memory The O2 Sensor Test function lets you retrieve and view O2 sensor monitor test results for the most recently completed tests from your vehicle s on board computer Vehicles are equipped with multiple O2 sensors O2 sensors are installed both upstream of before and downstream of after the exhaust system Catalytic Converters The name of an O2 sensor identifies its location in the exhaust system The name of each O2 sensor is made up of three parts O2S XX YY 025 X Y m 025 this is the basic designation for all O2 sensors m X or XX These characters identify the location of the O2 sensor in relation to a cylinder bank An O2 sensor for cylinder bank 1 is identified by the designation 1 or B1 a sensor for cylinder bank 2 is identified as 2 or B2 Bank One indicates the side of the engine where cylinder number one is located V type engines Bank Two is opposite of Bank One m Yor YY These characters identity the location of the O2 sensor in relation to the exhaust system catalyst An O2 sensor located upstream of the catalyst is identified by the desig
26. System EVAP Monitor OBD2 vehicles are equipped with a fuel Evaporative system EVAP that helps prevent fuel vapors from evaporating into the air The EVAP system carries fumes from the fuel tank to the engine where they are burned during combustion The EVAP system may consist of a charcoal canister fuel tank cap purge solenoid vent solenoid flow monitor leak detector and connecting tubes lines and hoses Fumes are carried from the fuel tank to the charcoal canister by hoses or tubes The fumes are stored in the charcoal canister The computer controls the flow of fuel vapors from the charcoal canister to the engine via a purge solenoid The computer energizes or de energizes the purge 18 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS solenoid depending on solenoid design The purge solenoid opens a valve to allow engine vacuum to draw the fuel vapors from the canister into the engine where the vapors are burned The EVAP Monitor checks for proper fuel vapor flow to the engine and pressurizes the system to test for leaks The computer runs this Monitor once per trip The EVAP Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The EVAP Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the PCM commands the MIL On and
27. a second person help you One person should drive the vehicle while the other person observes the Scan Tool data Trying to drive and operate the Scan Tool at the same time is dangerous and could cause a serious traffic accident VIEWING LIVE DATA 32 1 Follow steps 1 through 7 of the CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE page 25 to place the Scan Tool in Code Retrieval mode Start the engine 2 Press and release the LD ENTER button to place the Scan Tool in Live Data mode 3 Real time Live Data PID information supported by the vehicle under test displays Remember what you are viewing is real time Live Data The a values volts rpm temperature vehicle speed system status etc for the various PIDS displayed may change as the vehicle s operating conditions change 4 A vehicle usually supports several PIDs however only a limited amount of PID data can be displayed on the screen at one time If additional PID data is available a small arrow will be shown on the display Use the DOWN button to scroll up or down to view all available PID data OBD2 Live Data Mode CUSTOMIZING LIVE DATA m f communication with the vehicle is lost while viewing Live Deta a Communication Lost message shows on the Scan Tool s display 5 f you experience vehicle problems view and or compare the Live Data PID information displayed on the Scan Tool to specifications in the vehicle s repair manual
28. acturer This caused confusion for the technicians working on different make and model vehicles To address the problems made evident by this study CARB and the EPA passed new laws and standardization requirements These laws required that vehicle manufacturers to equip their new vehicles with devices capable of meeting all of the new emissions standards and regulations It was also decided that an enhanced on board diagnostic system capable of addressing all of these problems was needed This new system is known as On Board Diagnostics Generation Two OBD2 The primary objective of the OBD2 system is to comply with the latest regulations and emissions standards established by CARB and the EPA The Main Objectives of the OBD2 System are m To detect degraded and or failed emissions related components or systems that could cause tailpipe emissions to exceed by 1 5 times the Federal Test Procedure FTP standard m To expand emissions related system monitoring This includes a set of computer run diagnostics called Monitors Monitors perform diagnostics and testing to verify that all emissions related components and or systems are operating correctly and within the manufacturer s specifications m To use a standardized Diagnostic Link Connector DLC in all vehicles Before OBD2 DLCs were of different shapes and sizes m To standardize the code numbers code definitions and language used to describe faults Before OBD2 each vehicle
29. ailability of these manuals The following companies publish valuable repair manuals m Haynes Publications 861 Lawrence Drive Newbury Park CA 91320 Phone 800 442 9637 Web www haynes com m Mitchell 1 14145 Danielson Street Poway CA 92064 Phone 888 724 6742 Web www m1products com Motor Publications 5600 Crooks Road Suite 200 Troy MI 48098 Phone 800 426 6867 Web www motor com FACTORY SOURCES Ford GM Chrysler Honda Isuzu Hyundai and Subaru Service Manuals m Helm Inc 14310 Hamilton Avenue Highland Park MI 48203 Phone 800 782 4356 Web www helminc com 24 OBD2 Using the Scan Tool CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE Never replace a part based only on the DTC definition Each DTC has a set of testing procedures instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the location of the problem This information is found in the vehicle s service manual Always refer to the vehicle s service manual for detailed testing instructions Check your vehicle thoroughly before performing any test See Preparation for Testing on page 24 for details ALWAYS observe safety precautions whenever working on a vehicle See Safety Precautions on page 2 for more information 1 Turn the ignition off 2 Locate the vehicle s 16 pin Data Link Connector DLC See page 3 for connector location 3 Connect the Scan Tool s cable connector to the vehicle s DLC The cable connector is
30. and return to the Setup Menu Setting the Unit of Measurement 1 Use the DOWN to highlight Unit of Measurement in the Setup Menu then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The SELECT UNIT screen displays m The currently selected unit of measurement is highlighted 2 Press the DOWN button as necessary to highlight the desired unit of measure ment 3 When the desired unit of measurement value is selected press the LD ENTER button to save your changes and retum to the Setup Menu Exiting the MENU Mode 1 Use the DOWN buttons to highlight Menu Exit in the Setup Menu then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The display returns to the Mode Selection Menu 40 OBD2 Generic Global OBD2 PID List The following is a list of Generic Global PIDs and their descriptions Tool Display Unit Value PID Description ACC Pedal D 96 XXX X Accelerator Pedal Position D ACC Pedal E 96 XXX X Accelerator Pedal Position E ACC Pedal F 9 XXX X Accelerator Pedal Position F Air Status UPS DNS Commanded Secondary Air Status OFF Ambient C XXX Ambient Air Temperature F Aux Input On Off Auxiliary Input Status Status BARO kPa XXX Barometric Pressure inHg XX X Calc LOAD 96 XXX X Calculated LOAD Value CAT Temp 11 C XXXX X Catalyst Temperature Bank 1 F Sensor 1 CAT Temp 12 C XXXX X Catalyst Temperature B
31. ank 1 E Sensor 2 CAT Temp 21 C XXXX X Catalyst Temperature Bank 2 F Sensor 1 CAT Temp 22 C XXXX X Catalyst Temperature Bank 2 F Sensor 2 Command 96 XXX X Commanded EGR EGR Command XXX X Commanded Evaporative Purge EVAP Command 96 XXX X Commanded Throttle Actuator TAC Dist DTC Clr km XXXXX Distance since DTC Cleared mile Dist MIL ON km XXXXX Distance Traveled while MIL ON mile S ECT C XXX XXX Engine Coolant Temp F ECU Volts V XX XXX Control Module Voltage EGR Error 96 XXX X EGR Error Eng RPM min XXXXX Engine RPM EQ Ratio X XXX Commanded Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 11 X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 1 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 12 X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 2 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 13 X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 3 Equivalence Ratio OBD2 41 Generic Global OBD2 PID List Tool Display Unit Value PID Description EQ Ratio 14 X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 4 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 21 X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 1 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 22 X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 2 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 23 X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 3 Equivalence Ratio EQ Ratio 24 X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 4 Equivalence Ratio EVAP Press Pa XXXX XX Evap System Vapor Pressure in IXX XXX H20 FP Vac kPa XXXX XXX Fuel Rail Pressure relative PSI IXXX X toVacuum Fuel Level XXX X Fuel Level Input Fuel Press kPa XXX Fuel Rail
32. ank 2 Sensor 2 STFT B2 S3 96 XXX X Bank 2 Sensor 3 STFT B2 S4 96 XXX X Bank 2 Sensor 4 STFT B3 96 XXX X Short Term Fuel Trim Bank 3 STFT B4 96 XXX X Short Term Fuel Trim Bank 4 Time DTC Clr hrs XXXX XX Time since DTC Cleared min Time Since sec XXXX Time Since Engine Start Start TPS 96 XXX X Absolute Throttle Position TPSB 96 XXX X Absolute Throttle Position B TPSC 96 XXX X Absolute Throttle Position C 44 OBD2 Generic Global OBD2 PID List Tool Display Unit Value PID Description Veh Speed km h XXX XXX Vehicle Speed Sensor mph Warm up DTC XXX Warm ups since DTC Cleared Clr OBD2 45 46 OBD2 OBD2 47 48 OBD2 Warranty and Servicing LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY The Manufacturer warrants to the original purchaser that this unit is free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and maintenance for a period of one 1 year from the date of original purchase If the unit fails within the one 1 year period it will be repaired or replaced at the Manufacturer s option at no charge when returned prepaid to the Service Center with Proof of Purchase The sales receipt may be used for this purpose Installation labor is not covered under this warranty All replacement parts whether new or remanufactured assume as their warranty period only the remaining time of this warranty This warranty does not apply to damage caused by improper use acciden
33. atter out The filters are self cleaning by periodic modification of the exhaust gas concentration in order to burn off the trapped particles oxidizing the particles to form CO2 and water The computer monitors the efficiency of the filter in trapping particulate matter as well as the ability of the filter to regenerate self clean The PM Filter Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The PM Filter Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory OBD2 Reference Table 22 The table below lists current OBD2 Monitors and indicates the following for each Monitor A Monitor Type how often does the Monitor run Continuous or Once per trip B Number of trips needed with a fault present to set a pending DTC C Number of consecutive trips needed with a fault present to command the MIL On and store a DTC D Number of trips needed with no faults present to erase a Pending DTC E Number and type of trips or drive cycles needed with no faults present to turn off the MIL F Number of warm up periods needed to erase the DTC from the computer s memory after the MIL is turned off OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2
34. ave finished viewing the retrieved vehicle ID information press the LD ENTER 2 button to return to exit OBD2 35 Additional Functions VIEWING VEHICLE INFORMATION Viewing Available Modules The Scan Tool can retrieve a list of modules supported by the vehicle under test 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER 2 button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN button to highlight Vehicle Information then press the LD ENTER button m The Vehicle Information menu displays 3 Use the DOWN 9 button to highlight Available Modules then press the LD ENTER 2 button 4 A One moment please message displays while the requested information is retrieved from the vehicle s computer 5 When the retrieval process is completed a complete list of modules supported by the vehicle under test is shown on the Scan Tool s display Use the DOWN button to view the entire list 6 When you have finished viewing the list of available modules press the LD ENTER 2 button to exit Viewing In use Performance Tracking IPT 36 The Scan Tool can retrieve In use Performance Tracking IPT statistics for monitors supported by the vehicle under test Two values are returned for each monitor the number of times that all conditions necessary for a specific monitor to detect
35. coolant temperature calculated load value fuel pressure vehicle speed air flow rate and intake manifold pressure If more than one malfunction is present that causes more than N one DTC to be set only the code with the highest priority will contain Freeze Frame data The code designated 01 on the Scan Tool display is referred to as the PRIORITY code and Freeze Frame data always refers to this code The priority code is also the one that has commanded the MIL on Retrieved information can be uploaded to a Personal Computer PC with the use of the optional PC Link softare see instructions included with PC Link program for more information 11 When the last retrieved DTC has been displayed and the DTC FF button is pressed the screen returns to the first retrieved DTCs OBD2 29 Using the Scan Tool ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 12 Determine engine system s condition by viewing the Scan Tool s display for any retrieved Diagnostic Trouble Codes code definitions Freeze Frame data and Live Data interpreting the green yellow and red LEDs m f DTC s were retrieved and you are going to perform the repairs yourself proceed by consulting the Vehicle s Service Repair Manual for testing instructions testing procedures and flow charts related to retrieved code s m To prolong battery life the Scan Tool automatically shuts Off approximately three minutes after it is
36. data has been stored Code Enumerator Indicates the total number of codes retrieved from the vehicle s computer Monitor icons Indicates which Monitors are supported by the vehicle under test and whether or not the associated Monitor has run its diagnostic testing Monitor status When a Monitor icon is solid it indicates that the associated Monitor has completed its diagnostic testing When a Monitor icon is flashing it indicates that the vehicle supports the associated Monitor but the Monitor has not yet run its diagnostic testing The IM Monitor Status icons are associated with INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE READINESS STATUS Some states require that all vehicle Monitors have run and completed their diagnostic testing before a vehicle can be tested for Emissions Smog Check A maximum of fifteen Monitors are used on OBD2 systems Not all vehicles support all fifteen Monitors When the Scan Tool is linked to a vehicle only the icons for Monitors that are supported by the vehicle under test are visible on the display OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Introduction of Electronic Engine Controls Electronic Computer Control Systems make it possible for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the tougher emissions and fuel efficiency standards mandated by State and Federal Governments As a result of increased air pollution smog in large cities such as Los Angele
37. disconnected from the vehicle The DTCs retrieved captured Live Data Information Monitor Status and Freeze Frame data if any will remain in the Scan Tool s memory and may be viewed at any time by turning the unit On If the Scan Tool s batteries are removed or if the Scan Tool is re linked to a vehicle to retrieve codes data any prior codes data in its memory are automatically cleared ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs When the Scan Tool s ERASE function is used to erase p the DTCs from the vehicle s on board computer Freeze Frame data and manufacturer specific enhanced data are also erased If you plan to take the vehicle to a Service Center for repair DO NOT erase the codes from the vehicle s computer If the codes are erased valuable information that might help the technician troubleshoot the problem will also be erased Erase DTCs from the computer s memory as follows Sr When DTCs are erased from the vehicle s computer memory the I M Readiness Monitor Status program resets status of all the Monitors to a not run flashing condition To set all of the Monitors to a DONE status an OBD2 Drive Cycle must be performed Refer to your vehicle s service manual for information on how to perform an OBD2 Drive Cycle for the vehicle under test 1 If not connected already connect the Scan Tool to the vehicle s DLC If the Scan Tool is already connected and linked to the vehicle s computer proceed direct
38. e vehicle s computer message is displayed m The Scan Tool is capable of retrieving and storing up to 32 codes in memory for immediate or later viewing OBD2 Using the Scan Tool CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 8 To read the display Refer to DISPLAY FUNCTIONS on page 5 for a description of display elements m A visible icon indicates that the Scan Tool is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector m A visible icon indicates that the Scan Tool is linked to communicating with the vehicle s computer m The I M Monitor Status icons indicate the type and number of Monitors the vehicle supports and provides indications of the current status of the vehicle s Monitors A solid Monitor icon indicates the associated Monitor has run and completed its testing A blinking Monitor icon indicates the associated Monitor has not run and completed its testing m The upper right hand corner of the display shows the number of the YY p FREEZEFRAME UC code currently being displayed the total number of codes retrieved and whether or not the displayed code commanded the MIL on If the code being displayed is a PENDING code the PENDING icon is shown If the code being displayed is a PERMANENT code the PERMANENT icon is shown m The Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC and related code definition are shown in the lower section of the display
39. em Monitor Secondary Air System Monitor The following Monitors will be standard beginning in 2010 The majority of vehicles produced before this time will not support these Monitors NMHC Monitor Q NOx Adsorber Monitor Boost Pressure System Monitor Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor Q PM Filter Monitor The following provides a brief explanation of the function of each Monitor Q Comprehensive Component Monitor CCM This Monitor continuously checks all inputs and outputs from sensors actuators switches and other devices that provide a signal to the computer The Monitor checks for shorts opens out of range value functionality and rationality Rationality Each input signal is compared against all other inputs and against information in the computer s memory to see if it makes sense under the current operating conditions Example The signal from the throttle position sensor indicates the vehicle is in a wide open throttle condition but the vehicle is really at idle and the idle condition is confirmed by the signals from all other sensors Based on the input data the computer determines that the signal from the throttle position sensor is not rational does not make sense when compared to the other inputs In this case the signal would fail the rationality test The CCM is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles The CCM may be either a One Trip or a Two Tr
40. ge shows on the Scan Tool s display 28 OBD2 Using the Scan Tool CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE If the correct manufacturer is shown press the LD ENTER 2 button to continue f the correct manufacturer is not shown press the DTC FF button to return to the list of vehicle manufacturers If the manufacturer for your vehicle is not listed the DOWN button as necessary to select Other manufacturer and press the LD ENTER 2 button for additional DTC information If the definition for the currently displayed code is not available an advisory message shows on the Scan display 10 If more than one DTC was retrieved and to view Freeze Frame Data press and release the DTC FF button as necessary m Each time the DTC FF Z button is pressed and released the Scan Tool will scroll and display the next DTC in sequence until all DTCs in its memory have displayed m Freeze Frame Data if available will display after DTC 1 m In OBD2 systems when an emissions related engine malfunction occurs that causes a DTC to set a record or snapshot of engine conditions at the time that the malfunction occurred is also saved in the vehicle s computer memory The record saved is called Freeze Frame data Saved engine conditions include but are not limited to engine speed open or closed loop operation fuel system commands
41. gen emitted in the exhaust stream The zeolite acts as a molecular sponge to trap the NO and NO2 molecules in the exhaust stream In some implementations injection of a reactant before the aftertreatment purges it NO2 in particular is unstable and will join with hydrocarbons to produce H2O and N2 The Nox Aftertreatment Monitor monitors the function of the Nox aftertreatment to ensure that tailpipe emissions remain within acceptable limits The Nox Aftertreatment Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The Nox Aftertreatment Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory BP Boost Pressure System Monitor The boost pressure system serves to increase the pressure produced inside the intake manifold to a level greater than atmospheric pressure This increase in pressure helps to ensure compete combustion of the air fuel mixture The Boost Pressure System Monitor checks for component integrity and system operation and tests for faults in the system The computer runs this Monitor once per trip The Boost Pressure System Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The Boost Pressure System Monitor is a Two Trip Mon
42. ic tests as the catalyst Monitor and also tests the catalytic converter s heater for proper operation The Heated Catalyst Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only This Monitor is also a Two Trip Monitor Q Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR Monitor The Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR system helps reduce the formation of Oxides of Nitrogen during combustion Temperatures above 2500 F cause nitrogen and oxygen to combine and form Oxides of Nitrogen in the combustion chamber To reduce the formation of Oxides of Nitrogen combustion temperatures must be kept below 2500 F The EGR system recirculates small amounts of exhaust gas back into the intake manifold where it is mixed with the incoming air fuel mixture This reduces combustion temperatures by up to 500 F The computer determines when for how long and how much exhaust gas is recirculated back to the intake manifold The EGR Monitor performs EGR system function tests at preset times during vehicle operation The EGR Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles The EGR Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Evaporative
43. ieved from the computer s memory with the use of a Code Reader or a Scan Tool On Board Diagnostics Second Generation OBD2 In addition to performing all the functions of the OBD1 System the OBD2 System has been enhanced with na new Diagnostic Programs These programs closely monitor the functions of various emissions related compo nents and systems as well as other systems and make this information readily available with the proper equipment to the technician for evaluation The California Air Resources Board CARB conducted studies on OBD1 equipped vehicles The information that was gathered from these studies showed the following OBD1 System m large number of vehicles had deteriorating or degraded emissions related components These components were causing an increase in emissions OBD2 9 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS m Because OBD1 systems only detect failed components the degraded components were not setting codes m Some emissions problems related to degraded components only occur when the vehicle is being driven under a load The emission checks being conducted at the time were not performed under simulated driving conditions As a result a significant number of vehicles with degraded components were passing Emissions Tests m Codes code definitions diagnostic connectors communication protocols and emissions terminology were different for each manuf
44. ip Monitor depending on the component 16 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS 9 Fuel System Monitor This Monitor uses a Fuel System Correction program called Fuel Trim inside the on board computer Fuel Trim is a set of positive and negative values that represent adding or subtracting fuel from the engine This program is used to correct for a lean too much air not enough fuel or rich too much fuel not enough air air fuel mixture The program is designed to add or subtract fuel as needed up to a certain percent If the correction needed is too large and exceeds the time and percent allowed by the program a fault is indicated by the computer The Fuel System Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles The Fuel System Monitor may be a One Trip or Two Trip Monitor depending on the severity of the problem O Misfire Monitor This Monitor continuously checks for engine misfires A misfire occurs when the air fuel mixture in the cylinder does not ignite The misfire Monitor uses changes in crankshaft speed to sense an engine misfire When a cylinder misfires it no longer contributes to the speed of the engine and engine speed decreases each time the affected cylinder s misfire The misfire Monitor is designed to sense engine speed fluctuations and determine from which cylinder s the misfire is coming as well as how bad the misfire is There are three types
45. isplay 6 When you have finished viewing the retrieved test data scroll to the end of the display to select Exit then press the LD ENTER 2 button to return to the Select Test screen ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS You can access the Adjustments and Settings MENU while the Scan Tool is in Live Data mode The Scan Tool lets you make several adjustments and settings to configure the Scan Tool for your particular needs The following adjustments and settings are available m Select Language Sets the display language for the Scan Tool to English French or Spanish 38 OBD2 Additional Functions ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS Adjust Brightness Adjusts the brightness of the display screen Audible Tone Turns the Diagnostic Tool s audible tone on and off When turned on a tone sounds each time a button is pressed m Unit of Measurement Sets the Unit of Measurement for the Scan Tool s display to USA or metric Accessing the Adjustments and Settings Menu 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN button to highlight Tool Setting then press the LD ENTER button m The Adjustments and Settings MENU displays Selecting the Display Language 1 Use the DOWN 9 button to highlight Select Lang
46. iteria Each Monitor is designed to test and monitor the operation of a specific part of the vehicle s emissions system EGR system oxygen sensor catalytic converter etc A specific set of conditions or driving procedures must be met before the computer can command a Monitor to run tests on its related system These conditions are known as Enabling Criteria The requirements and procedures vary for each Monitor Some Monitors only require the ignition key to be turned On for them to run and complete their diagnostic testing Others may require a set of complex procedures such as starting the vehicle when cold bringing it to operating temperature and driving the vehicle under specific conditions before the Monitor can run and complete its diagnostic testing m Monitor Has Has Not Run The terms Monitor has run or Monitor has not run are used throughout this manual Monitor has run means the PCM has commanded a particular Monitor to perform the required diagnostic testing on a system to ensure the System is operating correctly within factory specifications The term Monitor has not run means the PCM has not yet commanded a particular Monitor to perform diagnostic testing on its associated part of the emissions system m Trip A Trip for a particular Monitor requires that the vehicle is being driven in such a way that all the required Enabling Criteria for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic tes
47. itor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor The exhaust gas sensor is used by a number of systems monitors to determine the content of the exhaust stream The computer checks for component integrity system operation and tests for faults in the system as well as feedback faults that may affect other emission control systems The Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory OBD2 21 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS PM Filter Monitor The particulate matter PM filter removes particulate matter from the exhaust stream by filtration The filter has a honeycomb structure similar to a catalyst substrate but with the channels blocked at alternate ends This forces the exhaust gas to flow through the walls between the channels filtering the particulate m
48. k 1 Sensor 2 025 Voltage O28 B1 53 V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 3 O28 B1 53 mA X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 3 O28 Current mA 025 B1 S3 V V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 025 Voltage O28 B1 S4 V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 4 O28 B1 S4 mA X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 4 O28 Current mA O28 B1 S4 V V X XXX Bank 1 Sensor 4 O2S Voltage O28 B2 S1 V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 1 O28 B2 S1 mA X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 1 025 Current mA O28 B2 S1 V V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2S Voltage O2S B2 S2 V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 2 O2S B2 S2 mA X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 2 O2S Current mA O2S B2 S2 V V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 2 O2S Voltage O2S B2 S3 V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 3 O2S B2 S3 mA X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 3 O2S Current mA O2S B2 S3 V V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 3 O2S Voltage O28 B2 54 V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 4 O28 B2 54 mA X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 4 025 Current mA O28 B2 S4 V V X XXX Bank 2 Sensor 4 O2S Voltage O28 Location O2811 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 1 O28 Location O2S12 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 2 O2S Location O2S13 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 3 O2S Location O2S14 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 4 O2S Location O2S21 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2S Location O2S22 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2S Location O2S23 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 3 O2S Location 02524 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 4 O2S Location O2811 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 1 O28 Location O2812 Oxygen Sensor Bank 1 Sensor 2 O28 Location O2S21 Oxygen Sensor Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2S Location
49. lem is located 1 Fuel and Air Metering 2 Fuel and Air Metering injector circuit malfunction only 3 Ignition System or Misfire 4 Auxiliary Emission Control System 5 Vehicle Speed Control and Idle Control System 6 Computer Output Circuits 7 Transmission 8 Transmission Identifies what section of the system is malfunctioning OBD2 13 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs DTCs and MIL Status When the vehicle s on board computer detects a failure in an emissions related component or system the computer s internal diagnostic program assigns a diagnostic trouble code DTC that points to the system and subsystem where the fault was found The diagnostic program saves the code in the computer s memory It records a Freeze Frame of condi tions present when the fault was found and lights the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL Some faults require detection for two trips in a row before the MIL is turned on The Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL is the accepted term used to describe the lamp on the dashboard that lights to warn the driver that an emissions related fault has been found Some manufacturers may still call this lamp a Check Engine or Service Engine Soon light There are two types of DTCs used for emissions related faults Type A and Type B Type A codes are One Trip codes Type B DTCs are usually Two Trip DTCs
50. ly to step 4 If not continue to step 2 2 Turn the ignition on DO NOT start the engine The Scan Tool will automatically link to the vehicle s computer and release the Car Readers ERASE button A confirmation message CN lt N shows on the display 3 Once codes have been retrieved press Q 30 OBD2 Using the Scan Tool ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Sr The ERASE button is active only when the Scan Tool is in DTC display mode The ERASE button is not active when viewing Freeze Frame data or when the Scan Tool is in Live Data mode m f you change your mind and do not wish to erase the codes press the LD ENTER 2 button to return to the code retrieval function m f you wish to continue press the ERASE E button again to erase DTCs from the vehicle s computer 4 f you chose to erase DTCs a progress screen displays while the erase function is in progress m f the erase was successful a confirmation message shows on the display The Tool will relink to the vehicle and display the DTC screen m lf the erase was not successful an advisory message shows on the display Verify that the Scan Tool is properly connected to the vehicle s DLC and that the ignition is on then repeat steps 2 and 3 above Erasing DTCs does not fix the problem s that caused the S code s to be set If proper repairs to correct the problem that caused the code
51. m was found OBD2 diagnostic trouble codes are made up of five characters m The ist character is a letter It identifies the main system where the fault occurred Body Chassis Powertrain or Network m The 2nd character is a numeric digit It identifies the type of code Generic or Manufacturer Specific 12 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Generic DTCs are codes that are used by all vehicle manu facturers The standards for generic DTCs as well as their definitions are set by the Society of Automotive Engineers SAE the vehicle manufacturers The Federal Government does not require vehicle manufacturers to go beyond the standardized generic DTCs in order to comply with the new OBD2 emissions standards However manufacturers are free to expand beyond the standardized codes to make their systems easier to diagnose m The 3rd character is a numeric digit It identifies the specific system or sub system where the problem is located m The 4th and 5th characters are numeric digits They identify the section of the system that is malfunctioning en Manufacturer Specific DTCs are codes that are controlled by OBD2 DTC EXAMPLE P0201 Injector Circuit Malfunction Cylinder 1 B Body C Chassis P Powertrain U Network 0 Generic 1 Manufacturer Specific 2 Generic 3 Includes both Generic and Manufacturer Specific Codes Identifies the system where the prob
52. nation 1 or S1 a sensor located downstream of the Catalytic Converter is identified as 2 or S2 OBD2 37 Additional Functions ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS For example O2812 O2SB1S2 is the designation for the downstream O2 sensor for cylinder bank 1 The Scan Tool does not perform O2 sensor tests but retrieves 753 results from the most recently performed 2 sensor tests from the on board computers memory You may retrieve O2 sensor test results for only one test of one sensor at any given time 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN button to highlight O2 Sensor Test then press the LD ENTER button 3 A One moment please message displays while the request is sent to the vehicle s on board computer m The Select Sensor screen displays The screen shows all O2 sensors applicable to the vehicle under test Sr If O2 sensor tests are not supported by the vehicle under test an advisory message shows on the Scan Tool s display Press the LD ENTER 2 button to return to the Mode Selection Menu 4 Use the DOWN button as necessary to highlight the O2 sensor for which you wish to view test results then press the LD ENTER 2 button 5 When test results have been retrieved data for the selected sensor test will show on the Scan Tool s d
53. nformation provided by the vehicle manufacturer unique to the vehicle under test from the vehicle s on board computer This information may include m The vehicle s VIN number m The control module identification number m The vehicle s calibration ID s These IDs uniquely identify the software version s for the vehicle s control module s m The Vehicle s Calibration Verification Number s CVNs required by ODB2 regulations CVNs are used to determine if emission related calibrations for the vehicle under test have been changed One or more CVNs may be returned by the vehicle s computer 1 With the Scan Tool in Live Data mode see VIEWING LIVE DATA on page 32 for details press and hold the LD ENTER 2 button until the Mode Selection Menu appears 2 Use the DOWN 9 button to highlight Vehicle Information then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The Vehicle Information menu displays 3 Use the DOWN button to highlight Vehicle ID then press the LD ENTER button 4 A One moment please message displays while the requested information is retrieved from the vehicle s computer The first time the Vehicle ID function is used it may take several minutes to retrieve the information from the vehicle s computer 5 When the retrieval process is completed the vehicle ID information is shown on the Scan Tool s display Use the DOWN button to view the entire list 6 When you h
54. ngine compartment Vehicle sensors switches and actuators are located throughout the engine and are connected by electrical wiring to the on board computer These devices include oxygen sensors coolant temperature sensors throttle position sensors fuel injectors etc Sensors and switches are input devices They provide signals representing current engine operating conditions to the computer Actuators are output devices They perform actions in response to commands received from the computer The on board computer receives information inputs from sensors and switches located throughout the engine These devices monitor critical engine conditions such as coolant temperature engine speed engine load throttle position air fuel ratio etc The computer compares the values received from these sensors with its preset reference values and makes corrective actions as needed so that the sensor values always match the preset reference values for the current driving condition The computer makes adjustments by commanding other devices such as the fuel injectors idle air control EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these actions TYPICAL COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES CONTROL SYSTEM Fuel Injectors Idle Air Control EGR Valve Ignition Module Z N On Board Computer INPUT DEVICES Coolant Temperature Sensor Throttle Position Sensor Fuel Injectors INPUT DEVICES Oxygen Sensors 8 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGIN
55. ode The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Non Methane Hydrocarbon Catalyst NMHC Monitor The non methane hydrocarbon catalyst is a type of catalytic converter It helps to remove non methane hydrocarbons NMH left over from the combustion process from the exhaust stream To accomplish this heat and catalyst materials react with the exhaust gases to convert NMH to less harmful compounds The computer checks the efficiency of the catalyst by monitoring the quantity of NMH in the exhaust stream The monitor also verifies that sufficient temperature is present to aid in particulate matter PM filter regeneration The NMHC Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The NMHC Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory 20 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS NOx Aftertreatment Monitor NOx aftertreatment is based catalytic converter support that has been coated with a special washcoat containing zeolites NOx Aftertreatment is designed to reduce oxides of nitro
56. of the following conditions occurs 14 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS m lf the conditions that caused the MIL to light are no longer present for the next three trips in a row the computer automatically turns the MIL Off if no other emissions related faults are present However the DTCs remain in the computer s memory as a history code for 40 warm up cycles 80 warm up cycles for fuel and misfire faults The DTCs are automatically erased if the fault that caused them to be set is not detected again during that period m Misfire and fuel system faults require three trips with similar conditions before the MIL is turned Off These are trips where the engine load RPM and temperature are similar to the conditions present when the fault was first found After the MIL has been turned off DTCs and Freeze Frame data stay in the computer s memory m Erasing the DTCs from the computer s memory can also turn off the MIL See ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs on page 30 before erasing codes from the computers memory If a Diagnostic Tool or Scan Tool is used to erase the codes Freeze Frame data will also be erased OBD2 MONITORS To ensure the correct operation of the various emissions related components and systems a diagnostic program was developed and installed in the vehicle s on board computer The program has several procedures and diagnostic strategies Each procedure or diagnostic strategy is made to m
57. of calculations each second This makes them an ideal substitute for the slower mechanical engine controls By switching from mechanical to electronic engine controls vehicle manufacturers are able to control fuel delivery and spark timing more precisely Some newer Computer Control Systems also provide control over other vehicle functions such as transmission brakes charging body and suspension systems OBD2 7 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Basic Engine Computer Control System The Computer Control System consists of an on board computer and several related control devices sensors switches and actuators The on board computer is the heart of the Computer Control System The computer contains several programs with preset reference values for air fuel ratio spark or ignition timing injector pulse width engine speed etc Separate values are provided for various driving conditions such as idle low speed driving high speed driving low load or high load The preset reference values represent the ideal air fuel mixture spark timing transmission gear selection etc for any driving condition These values are programmed by the vehicle manufacturer and are specific to each vehicle model Most on board computers are located inside the vehicle behind the dashboard under the passengers or driver s seat or behind the right kick panel However some manufacturers may still position it in the e
58. onitor the operation of and run diagnostic tests on a specific emissions related component or system These tests ensure the system is running correctly and is within the manufacturer s specifications On OBD2 systems these procedures and diagnostic strategies are called Monitors Currently fifteen Monitors are supported by OBD2 systems Additional monitors may be added as a result of Government regulations as the OBD2 system grows and matures Not all vehicles support all fifteen Monitors Additionally some Monitors are supported by spark ignition vehicles only while others are supported by compression ignition vehicles only Monitor operation is either Continuous or Non Continuous depending on the specific monitor Continuous Monitors Three of these Monitors are designed to constantly monitor their associated components and or systems for proper operation Continuous Monitors run constantly when the engine is running The Continuous Monitors are Q Comprehensive Component Monitor CCM Q Misfire Monitor Fuel System Monitor OBD2 15 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS Non Continuous Monitors The other twelve Monitors are non continuous Monitors Non continuous Monitors perform and complete their testing once per trip The non continuous Monitors are Oxygen Sensor Monitor D Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor Q Catalyst Monitor Heated Catalyst Monitor Q EGR System Monitor EvAP Syst
59. ose vehicles with a Vehicle Emissions Control Label stating II Certified are OBD2 compliant Data Link Connector DLC Location The 16 pin DLC is usually located under the instrument panel dash within 12 inches 300 mm of center of the panel on the drivers side of most vehicles It should be easily accessible and visible from a D kneeling position outside the ee Na T AGHTRAY vehicle with the door open LEFTCORNER OF DASH 4 OF DASH On some Asian and European vehicles the DLC is located cn behind the ashtray the ashtray must be removed to access it or on the far left corner of the dash If the DLC cannot be located consult the vehicle s service manual for the location OBD2 3 About the Scan Tool CONTROLS AND INDICATORS CONTROLS AND INDICATORS Figure 1 Controls and Indicators See Figure 1 for the locations of items 1 through 9 below 1 e ERASE button Erases Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs and Freeze Frame data from your vehicle s computer and resets Monitor status DTC FF button Displays the DTC View screen and or scrolls the display to view DTCs and Freeze Frame data when more than one DTC is present DOWN button When in MENU mode scrolls down through the menu and submenu selection options When LINKED to a vehicle scrolls down through the current display screen to display any additional data LD ENTER button When in MENU mode confirms the
60. ruction MRP 493 0257 2010 Ri x Copyright 2010 IEC All Rights Reserved
61. s the California Air Resources Board CARB and the Environmental Protection Agency EPA set new regulations and air pollution standards to deal with the problem To further complicate matters the energy crisis of the early 1970s caused a sharp increase in fuel prices over a short period As a result vehicle manufacturers were not only required to comply with the new emissions standards they also had to make their vehicles more fuel efficient Most vehicles were required to meet a miles per gallon MPG standard set by the U S Federal Government Precise fuel delivery and spark timing are needed to reduce vehicle emissions Mechanical engine controls in use at the time such as ignition points mechanical spark advance and the carburetor responded too slowly to driving conditions to properly control fuel delivery and spark timing This made it difficult for vehicle manufacturers to meet the new standards A new Engine Control System had to be designed and integrated with the engine controls to meet the stricter standards The new system had to m Respond instantly to supply the proper mixture of air and fuel for any driving condition idle cruising low speed driving high speed driving etc m Calculate instantly the best time to ignite the air fuel mixture for maximum engine efficiency m Perform both these tasks without affecting vehicle performance or fuel economy Vehicle Computer Control Systems can perform millions
62. t abuse improper voltage service fire flood lightning or other acts of God or if the product was altered or repaired by anyone other than the Manufacturer s Service Center The Manufacturer under no circumstances shall be liable for any consequential damages for breach of any written warranty of this unit This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have rights which vary from state to state This manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved No portion of this document may be copied or reproduced by any means without the express written permission of the Manufacturer THIS WARRANTY IS NOT TRANSFERABLE For service send via U P S if possible prepaid to Manufacturer Allow 3 4 weeks for service repair SERVICE PROCEDURES If you have any questions require technical support or information on UPDATES and OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES please contact your local store distributor or the Service Center USA amp Canada 800 544 4124 6 00 AM 6 00 PM Monday Saturday PST All others 714 241 6802 6 00 AM 6 00 PM Monday Saturday PST FAX 714 432 7511 24 hr Web www Innova com OBD2 49 TECHNICAL HABLAMOS ESPANOL SERVICE IN USA WE EMPLOY TECHNICIANS CERTIFIED BY ASE ONLY LET US SHOW YOU THEIR CREDENTIALS www Innova com m x ANA INNOVA Innova Electronics Corp 11231 Young River Ave Fountain Valley CA 92708 PRODUCT DESIGN amp COPYRIGHT Printed in China Inst
63. tes whether or not the Scan Tool is communicating linked with the vehicle s on board computer When visible the Scan Tool is communicating with the computer If the Link icon is not visible the Scan Tool is not communicating with the computer o Computer icon When this icon is visible it indicates that the Scan Tool is linked to a personal computer Optional PC Link software is available that makes it possible to upload retrieved data to a personal computer About the Scan DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 10 11 DTC Display Area Displays the Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC number and definition Each fault is assigned a code number that is specific to that fault MIL icon Indicates the status of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL The MIL icon is visible only when a DTC has commanded the MIL on the vehicle s dashboard to light Pending icon Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a Pending code PERMANENT icon Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a Permanent code FREEZE FRAME icon Indicates that Freeze Frame data has been stored in the vehicle s computer for the currently displayed DTC Code Number Sequence The Scan Tool assigns a sequence number to each DTC that is present in the computer s memory starting with 01 This helps keep track of the number of DTCs present in the computer s memory Code number 01 is always the highest priority code and the one for which Freeze Frame
64. the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Q Oxygen Sensor Monitor The Oxygen Sensor monitors how much oxygen is in the vehicle s exhaust It generates a varying voltage of up to one volt based on how much oxygen is in the exhaust gas and sends the signal to the computer The computer uses this signal to make corrections to the air fuel mixture If the exhaust gas has a large amount of oxygen a lean air fuel mixture the oxygen sensor generates a low voltage signal If the exhaust gas has very little oxygen a rich mixture condition the oxygen sensor generates a high voltage signal A 450mV signal indicates the most efficient and least polluting air fuel ratio of 14 7 parts of air to one part of fuel The oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600 650 F and the engine must reach normal operating temperature for the computer to enter into closed loop operation The oxygen sensor only OBD2 19 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS functions when the computer is in closed loop A properly operating oxygen sensor reacts quickly to any change in oxygen content in the exhaust stream A faulty oxygen sensor reacts slowly or its voltage signal is weak or missing The Oxygen Sensor Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles
65. ting are met The Trip Drive Cycle for a particular Monitor begins when the ignition key is turned On It is successfully completed when all the Enabling Criteria for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met by the time the ignition key is turned Off Since each of the eleven monitors is designed to run diagnostics and testing on a different part of the engine or emissions system the Trip Drive Cycle needed for each individual Monitor to run and complete varies OBD2 11 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs m OBD2 Drive Cycle An OBD2 Drive Cycle is an extended set of driving procedures that takes into consideration the various types of driving conditions encountered in real life These conditions may include starting the vehicle when it is cold driving the vehicle at a steady speed cruising accelerating etc An OBD2 Drive Cycle begins when the ignition key is turned On when cold and ends when the vehicle has been driven in such a way as to have all the Enabling Criteria met for all its applicable Monitors Only those trips that provide the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors applicable to the vehicle to run and complete their individual diagnostic tests qualify as an OBD2 Drive Cycle OBD2 Drive Cycle requirements vary from one model of vehicle to another Vehicle manufacturers set these procedures Consult your vehicle s service manual for OBD2 Drive Cycle procedures Do
66. uage in the Setup Menu then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The LANGUAGE screen displays m The currently selected display Lan guage is highlighted 2 Press the DOWN button as necessary to highlight the desired display language 3 When the desired display language is highlighted press the LD ENTER button to save your changes and return to the Setup Menu shown in the selected display language Adjusting Display Brightness 1 Use the DOWN button to highlight Adjust Brightness in the Setup Menu then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The BRIGHTNESS screen displays m The BRIGHTNESS field shows the current brightness setting from 1 8 OBD2 39 Additional Functions ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS 2 Press the DOWN button to increase the brightness of the display make the display lighter When the maximum brightness setting is reached and the DOWN 9 button is pressed the display returns to the minimum brightness setting 3 When the desired brightness is obtained press the LD ENTER button to save your changes and return to the Setup Menu Enabling the Audible Tone 1 Use the DOWN 9 button to highlight Audible Tone in the Setup Menu then press the LD ENTER 2 button m The AUDIBLE TONE screen displays 2 Press the DOWN button to highlight ON of OFF as desired 3 When the desired option is selected press the LD ENTER 2 button to save your changes
67. xygen and release it as needed to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide In the process it reduces vehicle emissions by converting the polluting gases into carbon dioxide and water The computer checks the efficiency of the catalytic converter by monitoring the oxygen sensors used by the system One sensor is located before upstream of the converter the other is located after downstream OBD2 17 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS of the converter If the catalytic converter loses its ability to store oxygen the downstream sensor signal voltage becomes almost the same as the upstream sensor signal In this case the monitor fails the test The Catalyst Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The Catalyst Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Heated Catalyst Monitor Operation of the heated catalytic converter is similar to the catalytic converter The main difference is that a heater is added to bring the catalytic converter to its operating temperature more quickly This helps reduce emissions by reducing the converters down time when the engine is cold The Heated Catalyst Monitor performs the same diagnost

Untitled

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents