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1. 1MRS756378 L1 L2 L3 E m EM e ae OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND INRUSH INDICATION PHLPTOC1 3l 120 A 1 3 51P 1 RO 5 2 Y LP BI 1 Blocking a p 0 BLOCK OPERATE i 3 y ENA MULT gt BI 2 CB Closed i 4 PHHPTOC1 i 7 BI3 CB Open 3l 1 51P 2 1 ES d w gt BI 4 Lockout reset glas f DN ui 6 BLOCK OPERATE q t a INRPHAR1 ENA MULT 7 3l i je ma e A i 8 PHHPTOC2 OR f LED1 NOC OPERATE ir ue vim LL 3 40 L 11 51P 2 2 23 L3 za E 1 2 BLOCK OPERATE 13 3 s ENA MULT lo 14 PHIPTOC1 Q 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P a START BI 1 Blocking BLOCK OPERATE ENA MULT NEGATIVE SEQ OVER CURRENT PROTECTION NSPTOC1 46 als START came E OR LED4 NPS PD OPERATE NSPTOC2 46 als START ENA MULT Figure 23 Overcurrent protection Four overcurrent stages are offered for overcurrent and short circuit protection The instantaneous stage PHIPTOC1 can be blocked by energizing the binary input 1 X120 1 2 Two negative sequence overcurrent stages NPSTOCI and NPSTOC2 are offered for phase unbalance protection The inrush detection block s INRPHAR1 output BLK2H caters the possibility to either block the func
2. a 0 05 02 040682 2 4 6810 20304060 la kA Figure 67 Trip Curves for a typical 12kV 630A 16kA Vacuum Interrupter Nr the number of closing opening operations allowed for the circuit breaker la the current at the time of tripping of the circuit breaker Calculation of Directional Coef The directional coefficient is calculated according to the formula uH log mn DirectionalCoef 7 2 2609 log 1 Equation 5 lr Rated operating current 630A lr Rated fault current 16kA A Op number rated 30000 B Op number fault 20 Calculation for estimating the remaining life 135 Section 8 1MRS756378 Condition monitoring functions 136 The equation shows that there are 30 000 possible operations at the rated operating current of 630A and 20 operations at the rated fault current 16kA Therefore if the tripping current is 10kA one operation at 10kA is equivalent to 30 000 500 60 operations at the rated current It is also assumed that prior to this tripping the remaining life of the circuit breaker is 15 000 operations Therefore after one operation of 10kA the remaining life of the circuit breaker is 15 000 60 14 940 at the rated operating current Spring charged indication For normal operation of the circuit breaker the circuit breaker spring should be charged within a specified time Therefore detecting long spring charging time indicates that it is time for the c
3. gt 31 OPERATE uo ARC_FLT_DET l BLOCK l REM_FLT_ARC i OPR_MODE i ca EE ERN i ARCSARC3 i ARC 3 A l i i ji f i i 50L 5ONL 3 da operate uo ARC_FLT_DET BLOCK REM_FLT_ARC OPR_MODE AUTORECLOSING Optional arce DARREC1 01 A 79 PHIPTOC1 operate NA OPENCB PHHPTOC2 operate ir 2 CLOSE cB r PHHPTOC1 operate r3 mero PY LED11 AR IN PROGRESS DEFLPDEF2 operate in_4_unsuc_rect DEFHPDEF 1 operate ____ n_s AR_ON nits LOCKED DEL INIT 2 PDSNPTOC1 operate 4 pEL INIT NSPTOC1 operate 34 DEL INIT 4 NSPTOC2 operate 4 OR ON OFF CBXCBR1 selected 34 INHIBIT_RECL INTRPTEF1 operate THERMOVL BLK ARCSARC1 operate CB POS ARCSARC2 operate ene ARCSARC3 operate BI 3 CB Open Figure 10 Arc protection ARC protection ARCSARCI 3 and auto reclosing DARRECI are included as optional functions The ARC protection offers individual function blocks for three ARC sensors that can be connected to the IED Each ARC protection function block has two different operation modes with or without the phase and residual current check Operate signals from the
4. esses 89 Three phase current protection ccccccccecceeeceeeceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeees 89 2 REF615 Application Manual Table of contents Three phase non directional overcurrent protection PHXPTOG iid died a cde he e Code herd 89 Identification 2 ede eese tete dere er i aes e o 89 Functionality 2 2 a e li dene dd 89 Application dua 89 Three phase thermal overload protection for overhead lines and cables T AP T TR iit cete qe 96 Identificati eer ened eere eet i afe 96 Functionality essaia i dendo de dede dentes 96 Applicatloncs nien etit reet bee e ida 97 Earth fault protection essssss 97 Non directional earth fault protection EFXPTOC 97 Identification cte Adair tacet ie tee ahead 97 Functionality asai alee RR UP TUBES DS 98 ApplicatiOri z d ode tees teet AE A te eect 98 Directional earth fault protection DEFXxPDEF 98 Identification eee eet de Lo aed dris deuda 98 Functionality cito eter ciii tte aeo deett bebo e pete tea eh Dodd 99 Directional earth fault principles ssssssssss 99 Application eei iiie Hiv bile eral este E Tae HERE laced 102 Transient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF 104 Identification se iioi nit isses ute ende EEEE 104 Functionality 1 2 nette et tote cities 104 Application at eso eh lt da 105 U
5. BI 3 CB Open TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERV M ARSABDA TCSSCBR1 TRPPTRCt1 trip TRPPTRC2 trip OR RDRE1 A Bii TRIGGERED La LED7 DR TRIGGERED Bi 2 BHS BH4 BHS BHG BIT BHS BHO BHHO Bi Bli2 BHH3 BHA4 BHAS BHG Bli7 Bli8 Big BH20 B21 B22 BH23 BH24 BH25 BH26 B27 BH28 BH29 BHO Bi31 BH32 SION BLOCK ALARM E OR Pf LED9 TCS ALARM e EUREN TCSSCBR2 BLOCK ALARM Figure 27 Disturbance recorder Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit supervision The disturbance recorder has 64 digital inputs out of which 32 are connected as a default All start and operate signals from the protection stages are routed to trigger the disturbance recorder or alternatively only to be recorded by the disturbance recorder depending on the parameter settings Additionally the selected auto recloser the ARC protection signals and the three binary inputs from X120 are also connected Two separate TCS functions are included TCSSCBR1 for PO3 X100 16 19 and TCSSCBR2 for PO4 X100 20 23 Both functions are blocked by the Master Trip REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 5 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants TRPPTRCI and TRPPTRC2 and the circuit breaker open position signal The TCS alarm indication is connected to LED 9 Functional diagrams
6. f an PReADm A ARCSARC2 ARC 2 C 50L 5ONL 2 3I OPERATE uo ARC_FLT_DET LOCK REM FLT ARC OPR_MODE SAA ARCSARC3 ARC 3 gt 50L 5ONL 3 a operate uo ARC_FLT_DET BLOCK REM_FLT_ARC OPR_MODE AUTORECLOSING Optional f maApBcaa A DARREC1 0 gt 1 A 79 INIT_1 OPEN CB INIT_2 CLOSE CB A INS mero SS LED11 AR IN PROGRESS INIT 4 UNSUC RECL m AR ON INIT 6 LOCKED DEL INIT 2 DEL INT 3 DEL INIT 4 ON OFF INHIBIT_RECL THERMOVL_BLK CB POS CB RDY Figure 26 Arc protection ARC protection ARCSARCI 3 and auto reclosing DARRECI are included as optional functions The ARC protection offers individual function blocks for three ARC sensors that can be connected to the IED Each ARC protection function block has two different operation modes with or without the phase and residual current check Operate signals from the ARC protection function blocks are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LED 10 as a common operate indication The auto recloser is configured to be initiated by operate signals from a number of protection stages through the INIT1 5 inputs It is possible to create individual auto reclosing sequences for each input The auto reclosing function can be blocked with the INHIBIT RECL input As a default the operation of some selected protection functions are connected to this 57
7. SO1 FX 50P 51P la BI 1 Blocking BLOCK OPERATE ENA MULT NEGATIVE SEQ OVER CURRENT PROTECTION 46 START BLOCK OPERATE ENA_MULT OR e LED4 NPS PD OPERATE NO gt De 1 46 a START BLOCK OPERATE ENA_MULT d l NSPTOC1 l 12 gt 1 l Figure 15 Overcurrent protection Four overcurrent stages are offered for overcurrent and short circuit protection The instantaneous stage PHIPTOCI can be blocked by energizing the binary input 1 X120 1 2 Two negative sequence overcurrent stages NPSTOCI and NPSTOC2 are offered for phase unbalance protection The inrush detection block s INRPHAR1 output BLK2H caters the possibility to either block the function or multiply the active settings for any of the shown protection function blocks All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 1 is used for overcurrent and LED 4 for negative sequence overcurrent protection REF615 41 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants 42 1MRS756378 operate indication LED 4 is also used for phase discontinuity protection operate indication The upstream blocking from the start of the overcurrent second high stage PHHPTOC2 is connected to the output SO1 X110 14 15 16 This output is used for sending a blocking signal to the relevan
8. 159 Section 12 Gloss Viana 161 5 1MRS756378 Section 1 1 1 1 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 1 Introduction Introduction This manual Application Manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines sorted per function The manual can be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function can be used The manual can also be used when calculating settings Intended audience This manual addresses the protection and control engineer responsible for planning pre engineering and engineering The protection and control engineer must be experienced in electrical power engineering and have knowledge of related technology such as communication and protocols Section 1 1MRS756378 Introduction 1 3 Product documentation 1 3 1 Product documentation set g E 3 di g D esd a 8 2 o5 2 5 E go D 7A S 2 Q ES 7 E Bo T E S f ES T 5 I o0 a w 3 O as Engineering manual e i Installation manual i i gt oe Commissioning manual i i a Operation manual i aaa Service manual i i a i Application manual e Technical manual e mu Fs Communication protocol o B manual i i i i en07000220 vsd Engineering Manual contains instructions on how to engineer the IED products The manual provides instructions on how to use the different tools for IED engineering It also includes instructions on how to handle the tool compon
9. Noe Bis TCS2 H NoZL Bie 10 1 EN b H BI7 sot SANTO 13 s02 x130 1 i 3 BI 1 So3 S b Bie Y 3 gt 4 CARTE 5 We pa dd J 8 s gt BI5 so Bie 9 xi S03 I Lan x5 13 1 GND 2 GNDC 1 4 L IRIe B 5 IRIG B 6 AGND 7 9 TX 8 m 9 s amp 10 aw RX x13 Light sensor input 1 Y X14 H Light sensor input 2 y X15 1 Optional Light sensor input 3 A eel bu d 100BaseTx RJ 45 Rid Figure 5 NO X130 12 13 15 16 18 17 1MRS756378 Connection diagram for configurations A and B overcurrent and directional earth fault protection REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 L1 L3 1 Additional BIO module X110 in the diagram is included in the IED variant B 2 Additional BIO module X110 in the diagram is included in the IED variant D REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants T X120 1 s 2 che BI 1 3 VA BI2 V gt BI3 m Lo Har 5 B4 did h2 7 l I 3 IL1 8 P2 9 IL2 MEE 11 C ous i E 13 C lo dr 14 jfi X110 3 Y gt BI2 4 Zh ns Y gt Bl4 kd EPA 9 BI5 DAN 10 BI6 11 f y e Ptr B s BI8 13 X130 1 5 gt BI 1 2 hsz s gt BI3 5 LH 7 paie T Sy gt BIS 8 9 My gt BI6 x1 a X5 13 1
10. REF615 variants 50 PHLPTOCH1 start PHHPTOCHI start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start NSPTOC1 start NSPTOC2 start DEFLPDEF1 start DEFLPDEF2 start DEFHPDEF1 start NTRPTEF1 start EFHPTOCH1 start PDNSPTOC1 start PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate NSPTOCH1 operate NSPTOC2 operate DEFLPDEF1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF1 operate NTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOCH1 operate PDNSPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate DEFLPDEF1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF operate NTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOC1 operate COMMON ALARM INDICATION 1 amp 2 OR OR 1MRS756378 i x100 10 SO1 nii l Start Indication 1 12 X i TPGAPC1 i INI our l IN2 ouT2 i i i m 13 S02 e A l Operate Indication 44 jl i i i 1 f 110 17 2 SS Over Current SO l Operate Alarm 118 m 20 Y I ES Earth Fault TPGAPC2 803 lOperate Alarm 22 INT OUTI X 21 m2 outa Pp OR Figure 22 Alarm indication The signal outputs from the IED are connected to give dedicated information on start of any protection function SO1 X
11. eeee 123 Trip circuit supervision TCSSCBR ssssseeee 123 Identification n on eene e onem 123 Functionality ndean cidcid a 123 Application xo e eee eee Rs 123 Section 8 Condition monitoring functions 133 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR sss 133 Identification c ette nt be p aet Ente gto ELA 133 F rictioriality Osada x nre tdi a de edad as 133 Application coccion PER 133 Section 9 Measurement functions 137 Basic MeasureMentS oococcccccccccononnnnnnnnnno nono nonnnnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnns 137 Three phase current CMMXU ccccecccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeees 137 Identification ee eaaa dara 137 Neutral current RESCMMKXU ceeeeceecaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 137 Identification A M NNI 137 Sequence current CSMSQI sssssssssssssssseseeees 137 Identification tti t ett ER eee ee 137 Residual voltage RESVMMYXU sssssseeem 137 Identification eite e ttt antonia thv ten 137 FUNCUONS o MI LEM ada 138 Measurement function applications ssssssssse 138 Disturbance recorder ssssssssssssssss 139 F nctionality a dir ia 139 Application oe dete reti a EAR 139 Section 10 Control functions sseeeeeeeeeeeee 141 Circuit breaker control CBXCBR sss 141 Identificati
12. Application The disturbance recorder is used for post fault analysis and for verifying the correct operation of protection IEDs and circuit breakers It can record both analog and binary signal information It can record up to 12 analog signal types of the IED connected to the analog channels ofthe disturbance recorder and up to 64 status values of digital signals connected to the binary channels of the disturbance recorder The analog 139 Section 9 1MRS756378 Measurement functions inputs are recorded as instantaneous values and converted to primary peak value units when the IED converts the recordings to the COMTRADE format COMTRADE is the general standard format used in storing disturbance recordings The binary channels are sampled once per task execution of the disturbance recorder The task execution interval for the disturbance recorder is the same as for the protection functions During the COMTRADE conversion the digital status values are repeated so that the sampling frequencies of the analog and binary channels correspond to each other This is required by the COMTRADE standard The disturbance recorder follows the 1999 version of the COMTRADE standard and uses the binary data file format 140 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 10 10 1 10 1 1 10 1 2 10 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 10 Control functions Control functions Circuit breaker control CBXCBR Identifica
13. Parameter Setting Tool Random access memory Feeder protection relay Galvanic connector type Read Only Memory Serial link according to EIA standard RS485 Real Time Clock Remote Terminal Unit Substation Configuration Language Signal Matrix Tool Simple Network Time Protocol Signal output Switch on to fault Software Trip circuit supervision Voltage transformer Wide area network Web Human Machine Interface REF615 Application Manual 163 AA ED ED FADED ABB Oy Distribution Automation P O Box 699 FI 65101 VAASA Finland Phone 358 10 22 11 Fax 358 10 22 41094 www abb com substationautomation Copyright 2008 ABB 1MRS756378
14. RAM error card Internal Fault 81 Error in the ROM memory on the CPU ROM error card Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 4 2 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 4 Basic functions Fault indication Fault code Additional information Internal Fault 82 Error in the EEPROM memory on the CPU EEPROM error card Internal Fault 83 Error in the FPGA on the CPU card FPGA error Internal Fault 84 Error in the RTC on the CPU card RTC error Warnings Further a fault indication message which includes text Warning with additional text a code date and time is shown on the LHMI to indicate the fault type If more than one type of fault occur at the same time indication of the latest fault appears on the LCD The fault indication message can be manually cleared When a fault appears the fault indication message is to be recorded and stated when ordering service Table 37 Warning indications and codes Warning indication Warning code Additional information Warning 10 A watchdog reset has occurred Watchdog reset Warning 11 The auxiliary supply voltage has dropped Power down det too low Warning 20 Error when building the IEC 61850 data IEC61850 error model Warning 21 Error in the Modbus communication Modbus error Warning 22 Error in the DNP3 communication DNP3 error Warning 24 Error in the Data set s
15. The back up trip always includes a current check criterion This means that the criterion for a breaker failure is that there is a current flow through the circuit breaker after the set back up delay time gj Normal protective trip E Re Trip REF615 g BackUp Trip Figure 56 Typical breaker failure protection scheme in distribution substations 6 3 Protection trip conditioning TRPPTRC 6 3 1 Identification Table 53 Function identification IEC 61850 identification TRPPTRC IEC 60617 identification IO ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 94 6 3 2 Functionality The protection trip conditioning function TRPPTRC is intended to be used as a trip command collector and handler after the protection functions The features of this function influence the trip signal behavior of the circuit breaker The user can set the trip pulse length and decide whether the trip pulse is latched or non latched and whether it should be in lockout mode when the trip signal is issued 120 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 6 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 6 Protection related functions Application All trip signals from different protection functions are routed through the trip logic The most simplified alternative of a logic function is linking the trip signal and ensuring that the signal is long enough The tripping logic in the protection relay is intended to be used in the three phase tripping for all fault types
16. 01 05 OzNot in use Daylight savings time on date dd mm Daylight savings time on day of week DST offset 720 720 min 60 Daylight savings time offset in minutes Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual 79 Section 4 Basic functions 1MRS756378 Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description DST off time 02 00 Daylight savings time off time hh mm DST off date 25 09 Daylight savings time off date dd mm DST off day OzNot in use OzNot in use Daylight savings time off day of week 1 Mon 2 Tue 3 Wed 4 Thu 5 Fri 6 Sat 7 Sun Table 27 X100 PSM binary output signals Name Type Default Description X100 PO1 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 6 7 X100 PO2 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 8 9 X100 SO1 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 10c 11nc 12no X100 SO2 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 13c 14no X100 PO3 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 15 17 18 19 X100 PO4 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 20 22 23 24 Table 28 X110 BIO binary output signals Name Type Default Description X110 SO1 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 14c 15no 16nc X110 SO2 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 17c 18no 19nc X110 SO3 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 20c 21no 22nc Table 29 X110 BIO binary input signals Description X110 Input 2 BOOLEAN Connectors 3 4 X110 Input 3 BOOLEAN Connectors 5 6c X110 Input 4 BOOLEAN Connectors 7 6c X110 Input 5 BOOLEAN Connectors 8 9c X110 Input 6 BOOLEAN Connectors 10 9c X110 Input
17. 3ph operating To prevent the closing of a circuit breaker after a trip the function can block the CBXCBR closing The TRPPTRC function is intended to be connected to one trip coil of the corresponding circuit breaker If tripping is needed for another trip coil or another circuit breaker which needs for example different trip pulse time another trip logic function can be used The two instances of the PTRC function are identical only the names of the functions TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 are different Therefore even if all references are made only to TRPPTRCI they also apply to TRPPTRC2 The inputs from the protection functions are connected to the OPERATE input Usually a logic block OR is required to combine the different function outputs to this input The TRIP output is connected to the digital outputs on the IO board This signal can also be used for other purposes within the IED for example when starting the breaker failure protection TRPPTRC is used for simple three phase tripping applications PHLPTOC operate PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC operate NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate EFLPTOC1 operate EFHPTOC operate EFIPTOC operate EFLPTOC2 operate PDNSPTOC operate TIPTTR operate 4 CCRBRF trret CBXCBR open A ARCPSARCIT operate ARCPSARC2 operate ARCPSARC3 operate DARREC open cb d OR TRP
18. Dataset error Warning 25 Error in the Report control block s Report cont error Warning 26 Error in the GOOSE control block s GOOSE contr error Warning 27 Error in the SCL configuration file or the file SCL config error is missing Warning 28 Too many connections in the Logic error configuration Warning 29 Error in the SMT connections SMT logic error Warning 30 Error in the GOOSE connections GOOSE input error Warning 32 Error in the GOOSE message receiving GOOSE rec error Warning 33 Analog channel configuration error AFL error Table continues on next page 85 Section 4 Basic functions 4 3 86 1MRS756378 Warning indication Warning code Additional information Warning 40 A new composition has not been Unack card comp acknowledged accepted Warning 85 A continuous light has been detected on ARC1 cont light the ARC light input 1 Warning 86 A continuous light has been detected on ARC2 cont light the ARC light input 2 Warning 87 A continuous light has been detected on ARC3 cont light the ARC light input 3 Time synchronization The IED uses SNTP server or GPS controlled IRIG B time code generator to update its real time clock The time stamp is used for synchronizing the events The IED can use one of two SNTP servers the primary server or the secondary server The primary server is mainly in use whereas the secondary server is used if the primary server cannot be reac
19. In particular any risks in applications where a system failure and or product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons including but not limited to personal injuries or death shall be the sole responsibility of the person or entity applying the equipment and those so responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be completely ruled out In case any errors are detected the reader is kindly requested to notify the manufacturer Other than under explicit contractual commitments in no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the application of the equipment Conformity This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility EMC Council Directive 2004 108 EC and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits Low voltage directive 2006 95 EC This conformity is the result of a test conducted by ABB in accordance with Article 10 of the directive in agreement with the product standards EN 50263 and EN 60255 26 for the EMC directive and with the product standards EN 60255 6 and EN 60255 27 for the low voltage directive The IED is designed in accordance with the international standards of th
20. X130 located in slot X130 Internal Fault 53 Faulty Power Output relay s in card PO relay s X100 located in slot X100 Internal Fault 54 Faulty Power Output relay s in card PO relay s X110 located in slot X110 Internal Fault 56 Faulty Power Output relay s in card PO relay s X130 located in slot X130 Internal Fault 57 Faulty ARC light sensor input s Light sensor error Internal Fault 62 Card in slot X000 is wrong type Conf error X000 Internal Fault 63 Card in slot X100 is wrong type or does not Conf error X100 belong to the original composition Internal Fault 64 Card in slot X110 is wrong type is missing Conf error X110 or does not belong to the original composition Internal Fault 65 Card in slot X120 is wrong type is missing Conf error X120 or does not belong to the original composition Internal Fault 66 Card in slot X130 is wrong type is missing Conf error X130 or does not belong to the original composition Internal Fault 72 Card in slot X000 is faulty Card error X000 Internal Fault 73 Card in slot X100 is faulty Card error X100 Internal Fault 74 Card in slot X110 is faulty Card error X110 Internal Fault 75 Card in slot X120 is faulty Card error X120 Internal Fault 76 Card in slot X130 is faulty Card error X130 Internal Fault 79 LHMI module is faulty The fault indication LHMI module may not be seen on the LHMI during the fault Internal Fault 80 Error in the RAM memory on the CPU
21. i i i i i PHLPTOC1 start i PHHPTOC1 start PHHPTOC2 start i PHIPTOC1 start NSPTOC1 start i NSPTOC2 start i PHLPTOC1 operate EFLPTOC1 start i i i i i i i i i i i PHHPTOC1 operate EFHPTOC 1 start R EFIPTOC1 start BHO PHHPTOC2 operate EFLPTOC2 start Bitto PHIPTOC1 operate Bii PDNSPTOC1 start Bi 12 T1IPTTR1 start Bm3 NSE TOC T eperie og CCRBRF1 trret sies NSFTOC2 operete 1 CCRBRF1 tbu sies EFLPTOC11 operate E EFHPTOC1 operate OR Bits zaan EFIPTOC1 operate Buta X110 EFLPTOC2 operate Bio i 3 E PDNSPTOC1 operate B121 T4 BoE BI2 AR ext star INRPHAR1 bik2h 4j T1PTTR1 operate Bl423 ARCSARC1 fault det ARCSARC1 operate si 25 ARCSARC2 Hep pp ARCSARC2 operate 8e fault arc det OR ARCSARC3 operate ewz ARCSARC3 fault arc det DARREC1 inpro aya Bi 29 DARREC1 close cb 4 B30 DARREC1 unsuc_recl OR BI 31 BI 32 BI 1 Blocking BI 2 CB Closed l l l l l l l i I I i i Blit24 i l I l l l l i BI 3 CB Open TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISIO
22. interlocking input and when energized it enables circuit breaker closing 2 Extended interlocking functionality The circuit breaker interlocking scheme is implemented in the relay configuration based on primary equipment position information via binary inputs and the logical functions available The signal matrix tool of PCM600 can be used for modifying the interlocking scheme to suit the application e ncluded o Optional at the time of the order REF615 25 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants 3 2 2 26 Connection diagrams S4 aiii a L1 L2 L3 P t r Veo t 11 REF615 x120 gt 1 ls T 4 Lo BM 3 I mu IRF 4 s pels de PO1 HAT se 5 q 6 Uo SH he 7 316 IL1 8 PO2 E 9 Bif L2 10 11 4 L3 l 12 3t sor E 13 slo qe 14 so2 1 x110 3 EN wl f a BI2 Pos E 5 HE BI3 Test XL Bra Poa
23. or phase angle The width of the operating sector in the phase angle criteria can be selected with the settings Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle or Max reverse angle The figure below describes how earth fault current 1s defined in isolated neutral networks For definitions of different directional earth fault characteristics refer to the Technical manual 99 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions ABC g Up zl Figure 43 Earth fault situation in an isolated network Directional earth fault protection in a compensated network In resonance earthed networks the capacitive fault current and the inductive resonance coil current compensate each other The protection cannot be based on the reactive current measurement since the current of the compensation coil would disturb the operation of the relays In this case the selectivity is based on the measurement of the active current component The magnitude of this component is often small and must be increased by means of a parallel resistor in the compensation equipment When measuring the resistive part of the residual current the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 0 degrees and the operation criteria to Igcos o or phase angle The figure below describes how earth fault current is defined in compensated neutral networks ABC 5 Zoo Figure 44 Earth fault situation in a resonance earthed network The Petersen coil or the eart
24. such as lubricating breaker mechanism is generally based on a number of operations A suitable threshold setting to raise an alarm when the number of operation cycle exceeds the set limit helps preventive maintenance This can also be used to indicate the requirement for oil sampling for dielectric testing in case of an oil circuit breaker The change of state can be detected from the binary input of the auxiliary contact There is a possibility to set an initial value for the counter which can be used to initialize this functionality after a period of operation or in case of refurbished primary equipment Accumulation of lt Accumulation of Pt calculates the accumulated energy Pt where the factor y is known as the current exponent The factor y depends on the type ofthe circuit breaker For oil circuit breakers the factor y is normally 2 In case of a high voltage system the factor y can be 1 4 1 5 Remaining life of the breaker Every time the breaker operates the life ofthe circuit breaker reduces due to wearing The wearing in the breaker depends on the tripping current and the remaining life of the breaker is estimated from the circuit breaker trip curve provided by the manufacturer Example for estimating the remaining life of a circuit breaker 134 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 8 Condition monitoring functions
25. 5 Connectors 3 2c Input 3 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 4 5c Input 4 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 6 5c Input 5 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 7 8c Input 6 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 9 8c Input 1 inversion O False O False Connectors 1 2c 1 True Input 2 inversion O False O False Connectors 3 2c 1 True Input 3 inversion 0 False O False Connectors 4 5c 1 True Table continues on next page 82 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 4 Basic functions Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Input 4 inversion O False O False Connectors 6 5c 1 True Input 5 inversion O False O False Connectors 7 8c 1 True Input 6 inversion O False O False Connectors 9 8c 1 True 4 2 Self supervision 4 2 1 REF615 Application Manual The IED is provided with an extensive self supervision system which continuously supervises the software and the electronics It handles run time fault situations and informs the user about an existing fault via the LHMI and the communication There are two types of fault indications e Internal faults e Warnings Internal faults of the other LHMI indications can override the internal fault indication H Internal fault indications have the highest priority on the LHMI None An indication about the fault is also shown as a message on the LHMI The text Internal Fault with an additional text message a code
26. 7 BOOLEAN Connectors 11 12c X110 Input 8 BOOLEAN Connectors 13 12c 80 REF615 Application Manual Section 4 1MRS756378 Basic functions Table 30 X110 BIO binary input settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Input 2 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 3 4 Input 3 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 5 6c Input 4 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 7 6c Input 5 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 8 9c Input 6 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 10 9c Input 7 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 11 12c Input 8 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 13 12c Input 2 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 3 4 1 True Input 3 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 5 6c 1 True Input 4 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 7 6c 1 True Input 5 inversion O False 0 False Connectors 8 9c 1 True Input 6 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 10 9c 1 True Input 7 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 11 12c 1 True Input 8 inversion 0 False 0 False Connectors 13 12c 1 True Table 31 X120 AIM binary input signals Name Type Description X120 Input 1 BOOLEAN Connectors 1 2c X120 Input 2 BOOLEAN Connectors 3 2c X120 Input 3 BOOLEAN Connectors 4 2c X120 Input 4 BOOLEAN Connectors 5 6 Table 32 X120 AIM binary input settings Par
27. A a dd 51 Default I O CONNECTIONS cccccecccecceeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeneess 52 Functional diagrams nenia E 53 Functional diagrams for protection sssesssss 53 Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit SUDELVISION 0 ccccecceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneecaeceeeeeeeeeeeeetess 58 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking 59 Standard configuration D including non directional earth fault protection and CB condition monitoring esses 61 Application occiso 61 FUNCIONS vii ee Oe Ad a 61 Default I O COMNECtiONS ooooooococccnccnccccnccnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnininnnnnnnnnns 62 Functional diagrams sse 63 Functional diagrams for protection sssssssss 63 Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit SUPerviSiON oooocooccnnnnnnconccoccononnncnnonnnnconncnnncnnnnnnnnnnnns 68 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking 69 Section 4 Basic functions sees T3 General parametelrs c ccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeeceeaecaeceeeeeeeeeeeeseeseeneensenaeees 73 Self supervision ssssssssssssee eene 83 Intermal faults ttm RR 83 lI EE 85 Time synchrontzatiQni iu decet rte eredi eerte he dee ed ams 86 Parameter setting QOUPS occocccccnnnoconcccccccnnnanoncnnnccnnnnnn conc eme 87 Section 5 Protection functions
28. ARC protection function blocks are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LED 10 as a common operate indication The auto recloser is configured to be initiated by operate signals from a number of protection stages through the INIT1 5 inputs It is possible to create individual auto reclose sequences for each input 34 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 3 3 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants The auto reclose function can be blocked with the INHIBIT_RECL input As a default the operation of selected protection functions are connected to this input A control command to the circuit breaker either local or remote also blocks the auto reclose function via the CBXCBR selected signal The circuit breaker availability for the auto reclosure sequence is expressed with the CB RDY input in DARRECI In the configuration this signal is not connected to any of the binary inputs As a result the function assumes that the breaker is available all the time The auto reclose sequence in progress indication is connected to the alarm LED 11 Functional diagrams for disturbance recorder and trip circuit supervision DISTURBANCE RECORDER RDRE1 B TRIGGERED Lp LED7 DR TRIGGERED BH2 Bits PHLPTOCH1 start PHHPTOCH1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start gi NSPTOC1 start Bits NSPTOC2 start Biss DEFLPDEF 1 start Bu DEFLPDEF2 start bits DEFHP
29. CT performance as well as other factors Current transformer accuracy class and accuracy limit factor The rated accuracy limit factor F is the ratio of the rated accuracy limit primary current to the rated primary current For example a protective current transformer of type 5P10 has the accuracy class 5P and the accuracy limit factor 10 For protective current transformers the accuracy class is designed by the highest permissible percentage composite error at the rated accuracy limit primary current prescribed for the accuracy class concerned followed by the letter P meaning protection Table 68 Limits of errors according to IEC 60044 1 for protective current transformers Accuracy class Current error at Phase displacement at rated primary Composite error rated primary current at rated accuracy current limit prima minutes centiradians ae Ay 5P 1 60 1 8 5 10P 3 10 The accuracy classes 5P and 10P are both suitable for non directional overcurrent protection The 5P class provides a better accuracy This should be noted also if there are accuracy requirements for the metering functions current metering power metering and so on of the relay 157 Section 11 1MRS756378 Requirements for measurement transformers 11 1 1 2 158 The CT accuracy primary limit current describes the highest fault current magnitude at which the CT fulfils the specified accuracy Beyond this level th
30. Default Description IP address 192 168 000 254 IP address for front port fixed Mac address XX XX XX XX Mac address for front port XX XX Table 20 Parameter Ethernet rear port settings Values Range Default IP address 192 168 2 10 IP address for rear port s Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet mask for rear port s Default gateway 192 168 2 1 Default gateway for rear port s Mac address XX XX XX XX Mac address for rear port s XX XX Table 21 General system settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Rated frequency 1 50Hz 1 50Hz Rated frequency of the network 2 60Hz Phase rotation 1 ABC 1 ABC Phase rotation order 2 ACB Blocking mode 1 Freeze timer 1 Freeze timer Behaviour for function BLOCK inputs 2 Block all 3 Block OPERATE output Bay name 76 REF615 Bay name in system REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 4 Basic functions Table 22 Non group settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Date 0 Date Time 0 Time Time format 1 24H MM SS MS 1 24H MM SS M Time format 2 12H MM SS MS S Date format 1 DD MM YYYY 1 DD MM YYYY Date format 2 DD MM YYYY 3 DD MM YYYY 4 MM DD YYYY 5 MM DD YYYY 6 YYYY MM DD 7 YYYY DD MM 8 YYYY DD MM Local time offset 720 720 min 0 Local time offset in minutes Table 23 HMI settings Parameter Valu
31. Multiple time curves and time multiplier settings are also available for coordinating with other devices in the system Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC Identification Table 49 Function identification IEC 61850 identification PDNSPTOC IEC 60617 identification 12 11 ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 46PD Functionality The phase discontinuity protection PDNSPTOC is used for detecting unbalance situations caused by broken conductors The function starts and operates when the unbalance current I I exceeds the set limit To prevent faulty operation at least one phase current needs to be above the minimum level PDNSPTOC operates with DT characteristic The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function output timer or the function itself if desired Application In three phase distribution and subtransmission network applications the phase discontinuity in one phase can cause increase of zero sequence voltage and short overvoltage peaks and also oscillation in the corresponding phase PDNSPTOC is a three phase protection with DT characteristic designed for detecting broken conductors in distribution and subtransmission networks The function is applicable for both overhead lines and underground cables The operation of PDNSPTOC is based on the ratio of positive and negative sequence currents This gives better sensitivity and stability compared to plain negative sequence curren
32. NSPTOC2 operate log ON OFF CBXCBR1 selected INHIBIT RECL INTRPTEF1 operate THERMOVL_BLK ARCSARC1 operate CB POS ARCSARC2 operate C8 RDY i ARCSARC3 operate i BI 3 CB Open nooo i X110 6 1 97 BI 4 CB Spring Charged iz LL i i i i i Figure 18 Arc protection ARC protection ARCSARCI 3 and auto reclosing DARREC1 are included as optional functions The ARC protection offers individual function blocks for three ARC sensors that can be connected to the IED Each ARC protection function block has two different operation modes with or without the phase and residual current check Operate signals from the ARC protection function blocks are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LED 10 as a common operate indication The auto recloser is configured to be initiated by operate signals from a number of protection stages through the INIT1 5 inputs It is possible to create individual auto reclose sequences for each input REF615 45 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants 3 4 3 2 46 1MRS756378 The auto reclose function can be blocked with the INHIBIT RECL input Asa default the operation of some selected protection functions are connected to this input A control command to the circuit breaker either local or remote also blocks the auto reclose function via the CBXCBR selected signal The circuit breaker availability for the auto
33. Phase discontinuity e Thermal overload Circuit breaker failure protection e Three phase inrush current detection Arc protection with three sensors o o Control Circuit breaker control with basic interlocking Circuit breaker control with extended interlocking e Auto reclosing of one circuit breaker o o Supervision and Monitoring Circuit breaker condition monitoring e Trip circuit supervision of two trip circuits Measurement Transient disturbance recorder Three phase current measurement Current sequence components o Residual current measurement Residual voltage measurement 1 Basic interlocking functionality Closing of the circuit breaker can be enabled by a binary input signal The actual interlocking scheme is implemented outside the relay The binary input serves as a master interlocking input and when energized it enables circuit breaker closing 2 Extended interlocking functionality The circuit breaker interlocking scheme is implemented in the relay configuration based on primary equipment position information via binary inputs and the logical functions available The signal matrix tool of PCM600 can be used for modifying the interlocking scheme to suit the application REF615 15 Application Manual Section 2 REF615 overview 2 2 2 2 3 16 1MRS756378 e Included o Optional at the time of the order Optional functions The optional functions av
34. The manual can be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function can be used The manual can also be used when calculating settings Technical Manual contains application and functionality descriptions and lists function blocks logic diagrams input and output signals setting parameters and technical data sorted per function The manual can be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase installation and commissioning phase and during normal service The Communication Protocol manuals describe the different communication protocols supported by the IED The manuals concentrate on vendor specific implementations The Point List Manual describes the outlook and properties of the data points specific to the IED This manual should be used in conjunction with the corresponding Communication Protocol Manual H All manuals are not available yet 1 3 2 Document revision history Document revision date Product version History A 20 12 2007 1 0 First release B 08 02 2008 1 0 Content updated C 02 07 2008 1 1 Content updated to correspond to the product version web site http www abb com substationautomation H The latest revision ofthe document can be downloaded from the ABB REF615 9 Application Manual Section 1 Introduction 1 3 3 1 4 1 4 1 1MRS756378 Related documentation Name of the document Document ID Modbus Communication Protocol Manu
35. based on the status indication of the related primary components An example of how the interlocking on substation level can be applied by using the IEC61850 GOOSE messages between feeders is as follows 141 Section 10 1MRS756378 Control functions Figure 68 Status indication based interlocking via GOOSE messaging 10 2 Disconnector control DCSXSWI and earthing switch control ESSXSWI 10 2 1 Identification Table 62 Function identification IEC 61850 identification DCSXSWI ESSXSWI IEC 60617 identification I lt gt 0 DC I lt gt 0 ES ANSI IEEE C37 2 device l lt gt 0 DC I lt gt 0 ES number 10 2 2 Functionality The control functions DCSXSWI and ESSXSWI indicate remotely and locally the open close and undefined states of the disconnector and earthing switch The functionality of both is identical but each one is allocated for a specific purpose visible in the function names For example the status indication of disconnectors or earthing switches can be monitored with the DCSXSWI function 142 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 10 2 3 10 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 10 Control functions The functions are designed according to the IEC 61850 7 4 standard with the logical node XSWI Application In the field of distribution and sub transmission automation the reliable control and status indication of primary switching components both locally and remotely is in a significant ro
36. conditional back up trip function CCBRBREF uses the same levels of current detection for both re trip and back up trip The operating values of the current measuring elements can be set within a predefined setting range The function has two independent timers for trip purposes a re trip timer for the repeated tripping of its own breaker and a back up timer for the trip logic operation for upstream breakers A minimum trip pulse length can be set independently for the trip output The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function outputs if desired Application The n 1 criterion is often used in the design of a fault clearance system This means that the fault is cleared even if some component in the fault clearance system is faulty A circuit breaker is a necessary component in the fault clearance system For practical and economical reasons it is not feasible to duplicate the circuit breaker for the protected component but breaker failure protection is used instead The breaker failure function issues a back up trip command to adjacent circuit breakers in case the original circuit breaker fails to trip for the protected component The detection of a failure to break the current through the breaker is made by measuring the current or by detecting the remaining trip signal unconditional CCBRBREF can also retrip This means that a second trip signal is sent to the protected circuit breaker The retrip
37. date and time is shown to indicate the fault type Different actions are taken depending on the severity of the fault The IED tries to eliminate the fault by restarting After the fault is found to be permanent the IED stays in internal fault mode All other output contacts are released and locked for the internal fault The IED continues to perform internal tests during the fault situation The internal fault code indicates the type of internal IED fault When a fault appears document the code and state it when ordering the service Table 36 Internal fault indications and codes Fault indication Fault code Additional information Internal Fault 2 System error An internal system error has occurred Internal Fault 7 File system error A file system error has occurred Internal Fault 8 Internal fault test activated manually by the Test user Table continues on next page 83 Section 4 Basic functions 84 1MRS756378 Fault indication Fault code Additional information Internal Fault 10 Watchdog reset has occurred too many SW watchdog error times within an hour Internal Fault 43 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card SO relay s X100 located in slot X100 Internal Fault 44 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card SO relay s X110 located in slot X110 Internal Fault 46 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card SO relay s
38. failure protection CCBRBRF1 3l gt lp gt BF 51BF 51NBF Master Trip TRPPTRC1 Master trip 1 94 86 1 TRPPTRC2 Master trip 2 94 86 2 Trip circuit supervision instance 1 TCSSCBR1 TCS 1 TCM 1 Trip circuit supervision instance 2 TCSSCBR2 TCS 2 TCM 2 Disturbance recorder RDRE1 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR1 CBCM CBCM Three phase current measurement CMMXU1 3l 3l Sequence current measurement CSMSQI1 l4 lo lo l4 lo lo Residual current measurement RESCMMXU1 lo In Residual voltage measurement RESVMMXU1 Ugo Vn 3 4 2 1 Default I O connections Binary Input Default usage Connector Pins X110 BI2 Directional Earth Fault Protection s Basic Angle Control X110 3 4 X110 BI3 Circuit Breaker low Gas Pressure indication X110 5 6 X110 Bl4 Circuit Breaker Spring Charged indication X110 6 7 X110 BI5 CB Truck in Service position indication X110 8 9 X110 Bl6 CB Truck out Test position indication X110 10 9 X110 BI7 Earthing Switch Closed indication X110 11 12 X110 BI8 Earthing Switch Open indication X110 13 12 X120 Bl1 Blocking of Overcurrent Instantaneous Stage X120 1 2 X120 BI2 Circuit Breaker Closed indication X120 3 2 X120 BI3 Circuit Breaker Open indication X120 4 2 REF615 39 Application Manual Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants Binary Output Default usage Connector Pins X100 PO1 Close Circuit Breaker X100 6 7 X100 PO2 Circuit Breaker Fa
39. fault 3 stages e Non directional sensitive earth fault Directional earth fault protection 3 stages Transient intermittent earth fault protection Negative phase sequence protection 2 stages e Phase discontinuity Three phase transformer inrush detector Three phase thermal overload lines and cables e Circuit breaker failure protection e Electrically latched lockout relay Depending on the IED variant the optional functions may include Auto reclose e Arc protection three lens sensors for arc detection Product version history IED version Release date Product history 1 0 20 12 2007 Product released 1 1 02 07 2008 IRIG B Support for parallel protocols added IEC 61850 and Modbus X130 BIO added optional for variants B and D CB interlocking functionality enhanced TCS functionality in HW enhanced Non volatile memory added 13 Section 2 REF615 overview 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 14 1MRS756378 PCM600 and IED connectivity package version Supported tools e Protection and Control IED Manager PCM600 Ver 2 0 SPI or later e REF615 Connectivity Package Ver 1 2 Parameter Setting Tool Disturbance Handling Tool Signal Monitoring Tool Signal Matrix Tool Communication Management Tool The necessary connectivity packages can be downloaded from the ABB web site http www abb com substationautomation Operation functionality Standard configurations The I
40. for the IED status indication e Reservation deals with the reservation function e The overcurrent protection PHxPTOC trips the breaker in case of overcurrent or short circuit The protection trip conditioning TRPPTRC connects the operate outputs of one or more protection functions to a common trip to be transmitted to CBXCBR e The auto reclose function DARREC automatically closes a tripped breaker in connection with a number of configurable conditions 144 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 10 4 10 4 1 10 4 2 10 4 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 10 Control functions Auto recloser DARREC Identification Table 63 Function identification IEC 61850 logical node name DARREC IEC 60617 identification O gt 1 ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 79 Functionality About 80 to 85 percent of faults in the MV overhead lines are transient and automatically cleared with a momentary de energization of the line The rest of the faults 15 to 20 percent can be cleared by longer interruptions The de energization of the fault location for a selected time period is implemented through automatic reclosing during which most of the faults can be cleared In case of a permanent fault the automatic reclosing is followed by final tripping A permanent fault must be located and cleared before the fault location can be re energized The auto reclose function AR can be used with any circuit breaker suitable f
41. for example in downed conductor situations The thermal overload protection TIPTTR1 provides indication on overload situations The operate signal of the phase discontinuity protection is connected to the Master Trip and also to an alarm LED LED 4 is used for the phase discontinuity protection operate indication the same as for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication and LED 5 is used for the thermal overload protection alarm indication The breaker failure protection CCBRBRFI1 is initiated via the start input by a number of different protection stages in the IED The breaker failure protection function offers different operating modes associated with the circuit breaker position and the measured phase and residual currents The breaker failure protection has two operating outputs TRRET and TRBU The TRRET operate output is used for re tripping its own breaker through the Master Trip 2 The TRBU output is used to give 33 Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants a back up trip to the breaker feeding upstream For this purpose the TRBU operate output signal is connected to the output PO2 X100 8 9 LED 6 is used for back up TRBU operate indication ARC PROTECTION Optional SABRAN ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 a OPERATE uo ARC FLT DET BLOCK REM_FLT_ARC OPR_MODE ty OR Y LED10 ARC PROTECTION ARCSARC2 ARC 2 gt gt 50L 50NL 2 i l
42. from the factory with default settings and parameters The end user flexibility for incoming outgoing and internal signal designation within the IED enables this configuration to be further adapted to different primary circuit layouts and the related functionality needs by modifying the internal functionality with SMT and PST Functions Table 4 Functions included in the REF615 standard configuration with directional earth fault protection Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Three phase non directional overcurrent PHLPTOC1 3l 51P 1 protection low stage Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC1 31 gt gt 1 51P 2 1 protection high stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC2 31 gt gt 2 51P 2 2 protection high stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHIPTOC1 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P protection instantaneous stage Arc protection ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 50L 50NL 2 ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF1 lo gt gt 1 67N 1 1 instance 1 Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF2 lo gt gt 2 67N 1 2 instance 2 Directional earth fault protection high stage DEFHPDEF 1 lo gt gt gt 67N 2 Transient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF1 lo gt IEF 67NIEF Non directional earth fault protection high EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 51N 2 stage c
43. function is used to increase the operational reliability of the breaker The function can also be used to avoid back up tripping of several breakers in case mistakes occur during relay maintenance and tests CCBRBRF is initiated by operating different protection functions or digital logics inside the IED It is also possible to initiate the function externally through a binary input CCBRBREF can be blocked by using an internally assigned signal or an external signal from a binary input This signal blocks the function of the breaker failure protection even when the timers have started or the timers are reset The retrip timer is initiated after the start input is set to true When the pre defined time setting is exceeded CCBRBRF issues the retrip and sends a trip command for example to the circuit breaker s second trip coil Both a retrip with current check and an unconditional retrip are available When a retrip with current check is chosen the retrip is performed only if there is a current flow through the circuit breaker The back up trip timer is also initiated at the same time as the retrip timer If CCBRBRF detects a failure in tripping the fault within the set back up delay time which is longer than the retrip time it sends a back up trip signal to the chosen back 119 Section 6 1MRS756378 Protection related functions up breakers The circuit breakers are normally upstream breakers which feed fault current to a faulty feeder
44. function outputs timers or the function itself if desired Application Since the negative sequence current quantities are not present during normal balanced load conditions the negative sequence overcurrent protection elements can be set for faster and more sensitive operation than the normal phase overcurrent protection for fault conditions occurring between two phases The negative sequence over current protection also provides a back up protection functionality for the feeder earth fault protection in solid and low resistance earthed networks The negative sequence overcurrent protection provides the back up earth fault protection on the high voltage side of a delta wye connected power transformer for earth faults taking place on the wye connected low voltage side If an earth fault occurs on the wye connected side of the power transformer negative sequence current quantities appear on the delta connected side of the power transformer The most common application for the negative sequence overcurrent protection is probably rotating machines where negative sequence current quantities indicate unbalanced loading conditions unsymmetrical voltages Unbalanced loading REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 5 3 2 5 3 2 1 5 3 2 2 5 3 2 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions normally causes extensive heating of the machine and can result in severe damages even over a relatively short time period
45. gt DT IDMT time selective LV 31 gt gt DT time selective LV 31 gt gt gt DT blockable In case the bus tie breaker is open the operating time of the blockable overcurrent protection is approximately 100 ms relaying time When the bus tie breaker is closed that is the fault current flows to the faulted section of the busbar from two directions the operation time becomes as follows first the bus tie relay unit trips the tie breaker in the above 100 ms which reduces the fault current in to a half After this the incoming feeder relay unit of the faulted bus section trips the breaker in approximately 250 ms relaying time which becomes the total fault clearing time in this case 92 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions j PHIPTOC ccsRerF mies THES serre pem PHHPTOC I 1 Li CCBRBRF ccorarr MEASUREMENT l BUS TIE OUTGOING OUTGOING MEASUREMENT Me i ere i i PHHPTOC pa n l Aa PHPTOS INCOMING Figure 40 Numerical overcurrent protection functionality for a typical sub transmission distribution substation feeder protection not shown Blocking output digital output signal from the start of a protection stage Blocking in digital input signal to block the operation of a protection stage The operating time
46. inverse time mode of operation the delay should always be considered as being as long as the time constant of the DC component With inverse time mode of operation and when the high set stages are not used the AC component of the fault current should not saturate the CT less than 20 times the starting current Otherwise the inverse operation time can be further prolonged Therefore the accuracy limit factor F should be chosen using the formula F gt 20 Current start value Iin The Current start value is the primary pickup current setting of the relay Example for non directional overcurrent protection The following figure describes a typical medium voltage feeder The protection is implemented as three stage definite time non directional overcurrent protection 159 Section 11 1MRS756378 Requirements for measurement transformers 160 3 gt 1200A 2 00x L 0 75 s 0 75 s xx 3b 1800A 3 00xL 0 50s 0 50s 3D 3500A 583xL 600 1 A 3 0 20s 0 20s 10 VA 5P20 In 500A Figure 78 Example of three stage overcurrent protection The maximum three phase fault current is 41 7 kA and the minimum three phase short circuit current is 22 8 kA The actual accuracy limit factor ofthe CT is calculated to be 59 The start current setting for low set stage 3I gt is selected to be about twice the nominal current of the cable The operate time is selected so that it is selective with the next relay not visible in the figu
47. manual are spelled out in the section Glossary In addition the section contains descriptions on several terms e Push button navigation in the HMI menu structure is presented by using the push button icons for example To navigate between the options use Af and m HMI menu paths are presented as follows Select Main menu Configuration HMI Menu names are shown in bold in WHMI for example Click Information in the WHMI menu structure HMlI messages are shown in Courier font for example To save the changes in non volatile memory select Yes and press Parameter names are shown in italics for example The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting Parameter values are indicated with quotation marks for example The corresponding parameter values are On and Off ED input output messages and monitored data names are shown in Courier font for example When the function starts the START output is set to TRUE Functions codes and symbols Table 1 Functions included in the REF615 standard configuration Function IEC 61850 IEC 61617 IEC ANSI Three phase non directional overcurrent PHLPTOC1 3l 51P 1 protection low stage Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC1 3I 1 51P 2 1 protection high stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC2 3I 2 51P 2 2 protection high stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcur
48. or lo protection stage to clear the fault tcp_o Operating time for opening the circuit breaker tcp_c Operating time for closing the circuit breaker In this case the number of needed CBBs is three that is the first shot s reclosing time depends on the initiation signal The CBB sequence is as follows Shot 1 INIT_1 1 gt gt CBB1 Lockout 1 0s INIT_2 I gt Shot1 3 Shot2 Lockout CBB2 CBB3 INIT_3 lo gt 0 2s gt 10 0s Lockout Figure 76 Three shots with three initiation lines If the sequence is initiated from the INIT 1 line that is the overcurrent protection high stage the sequence is one shot long On the other hand if the sequence is initiated from the INIT 2 or INIT_3 lines the sequence is two shots long Table 66 Settings for configuration example 2 Setting name Setting value Shot number CBB1 1 Init signals CBB1 1 line 1 First reclose time 0 0s an example Shot number CBB2 1 Init signals CBB2 6 lines 2 and 3 2 4 6 Second reclose time 0 2s an example Shot number CBB3 2 Init signals CBB3 6 lines 2 and 3 2 4 6 Third reclose time 10 0s 10 4 3 4 Delayed initiation lines The auto reclose function consists of six individual auto reclose initiation lines NIT 1 INIT 6 and three delayed initiation lines 152 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manu
49. protection functionality in detail and according to the factory set default connections in SMT REF615 63 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants 64 1MRS756378 L1 L2 L3 Br A Ae ets OSA OP ET TM E RA UR Le Ea we Ede ca E e OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND INRUSH INDICATION PHLPTOC1 3l d x120 gt oe ff Binz M 0 BLOCK OPERATE 3 ENA MULT T1 I gt BI2 CB Closed N mE pou l La m PHHPTOC1 i i gt gt BIS CB Open 3l gt gt 1 i P Ls 51P 2 1 pipi t gt BI4 Lockout reset le X q que j 9 BLOCK OPERATE a g La INRPHAR1 pur H 7 3h gt l COE Xm a Zi a PHHPTOCZ OR LED1 NOC OPERATE I 2 ip 3 6 IL2 3 Bun o i a id A 14 L XE 51P 2 2 Ly E j seis 3 vane pero P RO vint ze ENA MULT Soi p i lUpstream 14 Over Current UM a 1 16 Blocking PHIPTOC1 15 Y 3l gt gt gt E y H 50P 51P a START i i BI 1 Blocking BLOCK OPER ATE i j i NEGATIVE SEQ OVER CURRENT PROTECTION l pr NSPTOC1 13 gt 1 j 46 la START i B EH or LED4 NPS PD OPERATE l NsPTOC2 l 13 gt 2 i 46 a START l Bock OPERATE i l a a E EE EEE L E a e EE a ds J Fig
50. signal is completely removed from the breaker control function block CBXCBR with SMT the function assumes that the breaker close commands are allowed continuously COMMON ALARM INDICATION 1 amp 2 PHLPTOC1 start PHHPTOCH1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start NSPTOCH1 start NSPTOC2 start EFLPTOC1 start EFHPTOCH1 start EFIPTOC1 start EFLPTOC2 start PDNSPTOC1 start SO1 1 M Start Indication TX io e o TPGAPC1 INE ouri IN2 our PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOCH1 operate NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate EFLPTOC1 operate EFHPTOC1 operate EFIPTOC1 operate PDNSPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC 3 operate OR S02 Operate Indication Figure 30 Alarm indication The signal outputs from the IED have been connected to give dedicated information on 60 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 6 3 6 1 3 6 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants e start of any protection function SO1 X100 10 12 operation trip of any protection function SO2 X100 13 15 The two TPGAPC blocks 1 and 2 are timers and used for setting the minimum pulse length for the outputs There are four generic timers TPGAPCI 4 available in the IED The remaining ones not described in the functional diagram are available in S
51. star 4 Fiber light OFF star Serial mode 1 RS485 2Wire 1 RS485 2Wire Serial mode for COM1 2 RS485 4Wire CTS delay 0 60000 0 CTS delay for COM1 Table continues on next page 78 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 4 Basic functions Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description RTS delay 0 60000 0 RTS delay for COM1 12300 2 600 3 1200 4 2400 5 4800 6 9600 7 19200 8 38400 9 57600 10 115200 Baudrate 6 9600 Baudrate for COM1 O none 1 odd 2 even Parity 2 even Parity for COM1 Table 26 Time settings Parameter Values Range Default Description Date 0 Date Time 0 Time 1 24H MM SS MS 2 12H MM SS MS Time format 1 24H MM SS M S Time format 1 DD MM YYYY 2 DD MM YYYY 3 DD MM YYYY 4 MM DD YYYY 5 MM DD YYYY 6 YYYY MM DD 7 YYYY DD MM 8 YYYY DD MM Date format 1 DD MM YYYY Date format Local time offset 720 720 min 0 Local time offset in minutes 0 None 1 SNTP 2 Modbus 5 IRIG B Synch source 1 SNTP Time synchronization source IP SNTP primary 010 058 125 165 IP address for SNTP primary server IP SNTP secondary 192 168 002 165 IP address for SNTP secondary server DST on time 02 00 Daylight savings time on time hh mm DST on date OzNot in use 1 Mon 2 Tue 3 Wed 4 Thu 5 Fri 6 Sat 7 Sun DST on day
52. 1 lp 51N 2 START I AF LED3 NEF OPERATE Calculated lo Figure 16 Directional earth fault protection Three stages are offered for directional earth fault protection In addition there is a dedicated protection stage INTRPTEF either for transient based earth fault protection or for cable intermittent earth fault protection in compensated networks A dedicated non directional earth fault protection block EFHPTOC is intended for protection against double earth fault situations in isolated or compensated networks This protection function uses the calculated residual current originating from the phase currents The binary input 2 X110 3 4 is intended for directional earth fault protection blocks Relay Characteristic Angle RCA 0 90 or operation mode IpSing IgCoso change All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 2 is used for directional earth fault and LED 3 for double earth fault protection operate indication 43 Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants PHASE DISCONTINUITY PROTECTION PDNSPTOC1 Ib ly 46PD al START stock operate P LED4 NPS PD OPERATE THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION TAPTTRA 30 49F 3 OPERATE A atar p LED5 OVERLOAD ALARM BLK_OPR BLK_CLOSE ENA_MULT START BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION CCBRBRF1 3l gt l gt BF E PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 op
53. 1 lo In 3 6 2 1 Default I O connections Binary Input Default usage Connector Pins X110 BI2 Auto Reclose External Start Command X110 3 4 X110 BI3 Circuit Breaker low Gas Pressure indication X110 5 6 X110 Bl4 Circuit Breaker Spring Charged indication X110 6 7 X110 BI5 CB Truck in Service position indication X110 8 9 X110 Bl6 CB Truck out Test position indication X110 10 9 X110 BI7 Earthing Switch Closed indication X110 11 12 X110 BI8 Earthing Switch Open indication X110 13 12 X120 Bl1 Blocking of Overcurrent Instantaneous Stage X120 1 2 X120 BI2 Circuit Breaker Closed indication X120 3 2 X120 BI3 Circuit Breaker Open indication X120 4 2 X120 Bl4 Reset of Master Trip Lockout X120 5 6 Binary Output Default usage Connector Pins X100 PO1 Close Circuit Breaker X100 6 7 X100 PO2 Circuit Breaker Failure protection trip to upstream breaker X100 8 9 X100 PO3 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 1 X100 16 17 18 19 X100 PO4 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 2 X100 20 21 22 23 X100 SO1 General Start Indication X100 10 11 12 X100 SO2 General Operate Indication X100 13 14 15 Table continues on next page 62 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants Binary Output Default usage Connector Pins X110 SO1 Upstream Overcurrent Blocking X110 14 15 16 X110 SO2 Overcurrent Operate Alarm X110 17 18 19 X110 SO3 Earth fault Operate Alarm X110 20 21 22 LED Default usage 1 Non Directional Overcurrent Operate No
54. 1 BLOCK OPERATE LG oo 7 3h gt ENA MULT 3 C 8 4 9 qus BAHPTOC OR P LED1 NOC OPERATE 2 3l gt gt 2 14 E LE 3 aa 51P 2 2 12 2 START 13 YA BLock OPERATE pim 44 3 B ENA MULT se etl PHIPTOC1 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P BI 1 Blocking BLOCK OPERATE ENA MULT NEGATIVE SEQ OVER CURRENT PROTECTION NSPTOC1 hl 1 46 Bw T OR p LED4 NPS PD OPERATE cQ 4 NSPTOC2 b 46 Bock OPERATE ENA MULT Figure 7 Overcurrent protection Four overcurrent stages are offered for overcurrent and short circuit protection The instantaneous stage PHIPTOCI can be blocked by energizing the binary input 1 X120 1 2 Two negative sequence overcurrent stages NSPTOCI and NSPTOC2 are offered for phase unbalance protection The inrush detection block s INRPHAR1 output BLK2H caters the possibility to either block the function or multiply the active settings for any of the shown protection function blocks All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 1 is used for overcurrent and LED 4 for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication LED 4 is also used for phase discontinuity protection operate indication There are four IED variant specific setting groups Parameters can be set independently for each setting group 31 Section 3 REF615 variants 32 1MRS756378 The active setting group 1 4 can be changed with a parameter The change of an active setting gro
55. 100 10 12 operation trip of any protection function SO2 X100 13 15 operation trip of any stage of the overcurrent protection function SO2 X110 17 19 operation trip of any stage of the earth fault protection function SO3 X110 20 22 The two TPGAPC blocks 1 and 2 are timers and used for setting the minimum pulse length for the outputs There are four generic timers TPGAPCI 4 available in the IED The remaining ones not described in the functional diagram are available in SMT for connection where applicable REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 5 3 5 1 3 5 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants Standard configuration C including non directional earth fault protection Applications The standard configuration for non directional earth fault protection is mainly intended for cable and overhead line feeder applications in directly or resistance earthed distribution networks The IED with this standard configuration is delivered from the factory with default settings and parameters The end user flexibility for incoming outgoing and internal signal designation within the IED enables this configuration to be further adapted to different primary circuit layouts and the related functionality needs by modifying the internal functionality with SMT and PST Functions Table 8 Functions included in the REF615 standar
56. 3 OR With lock out mode selection TCS1 4 gt gt gt ummMMZZTUUT DARREC1 open cb BI 4 Lockout reset BXCBR1 exe_op MASTER TRIP 2 crece HLPTOC1 operate HHPTOCH1 operate HHPTOC2 operate HIPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate FIPTOC1 operate FLPTOC2 operate DNSPTOC1 operate CRBRF 1 trret RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate 2 PO4 Ap i Open CB TRPPTRC2 am A trip coil 2 BLOCK TRIP OR OPERATE CL LKOUT RST_LKOUT With lock out mode selection TCS2 4 rPrrovmmmmzzvuvvv Qo Figure 36 Master trip The operate signals from the protections described above are connected to the two trip output contacts PO3 X100 16 19 and PO4 X100 20 23 via the corresponding Master Trips TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 The open control commands to the circuit breaker from local or remote CBXCBR exe op or from the auto recloser DARRECI open cb are connected directly to the output PO3 X100 16 19 The TRPPTRC 1 and 2 blocks provide the lockout latching function event generation and the trip signal duration setting If the lockout operation mode is selected the binary input 4 X120 5 6 is assigned to the RST LKOUT input of the Master Trip to e
57. 378 Only a short interruption is needed for extinguishing the arc These faults are transient by nature A semi transient fault can be caused for example by a bird or a tree branch falling on the overhead line The fault disappears on its own if the fault current burns the branch or the wind blows it away Transient and semi transient faults can be cleared by momentarily de energizing the power line Using the auto reclose function minimizes interruptions in the power system service and brings the power back on line quickly and effortlessly The basic idea of the auto reclose function is simple In overhead lines where the possibility of self clearing faults is high the auto reclose function tries to restore the power by reclosing the breaker This is a method to get the power system back into normal operation by removing the transient or semi transient faults Several trials that is auto reclose shots are allowed If none of the trials is successful and the fault persists definite final tripping follows The auto reclose function can be used with every circuit breaker that has the ability for a reclosing sequence In DARREC auto reclose function the implementing method of auto reclose sequences is patented by ABB Table 64 Important definitions related to auto reclosing auto reclose shot an operation where after a preset time the breaker is closed from the breaker tripping caused by protection auto reclose a predefined met
58. 45 Extended operation area n directional earth fault protection Application The directional earth fault protection DEFxPDEF is designed for protection and clearance of earth faults and for earth fault protection of different equipment connected to the power systems such as shunt capacitor banks or shunt reactors and for backup earth fault protection of power transformers Many applications require several steps using different current start levels and time delays DEFxPDEF consists of two different stages low DEFLPDEF high DEFHPDEF DEFLPDEF contains several types of time delay characteristics DEFHPDEF is used for fast clearance of serious earth faults The protection can be based on the phase angle criterion with extended operating sector It can also be based on measuring either the reactive part Ipsin p or the active part Igcos q of the residual current In isolated networks or in networks with high impedance earthing the phase to earth fault current is significantly smaller than the short circuit currents In addition the magnitude of the fault current is almost independent of the fault location in the network The function uses the residual current components Igcos or Ipsin according to the earthing method where is the angle between the residual current and the REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions reference residual voltage In compen
59. 56378 Section 2 REF615 overview The rated input levels are selected in the IED software for phase current residual current and residual voltage The binary input thresholds 18 176 V DC are selected by adjusting the IED s parameter settings The additional BI O module in slot X110 is included in the IED with standard configurations B and D The optional BI O module in slot X130 is available for configurations B and D The connection diagrams of different hardware modules are presented in this manual See the Installation Manual for more information about the case and the plug in unit 2 4 LHMI REF615 EST Figure 1 LHMI The LHMI of the IED contains the following elements REF615 17 Application Manual Section 2 REF615 overview 2 4 1 2 4 2 18 1MRS756378 Display e Buttons LED indicators e Communication port The LHMI is used for setting monitoring and controlling LCD The LHMI includes a graphical LCD that supports two character sizes The character size depends on the selected language The amount of characters and rows fitting the view depends on the character size Character size Rows in view Characters on row Small mono spaced 6x12 5 rows 20 pixels 10 rows with large screen Large variable width 13x14 4 rows min 8 pixels 8 rows with large screen The display view is divided into four basic areas jus 2 Honitoring Ay IED status Control 1 0 st
60. 6378 Section 5 Protection functions MF OUTGOING Ik max Ik min OUTGOING INCOMING MF MF I Line type 2 I Ik max Ik min l Line type 1 Ik max o T gu min Figure 41 Functionality of numerical multiple stage overcurrent protection The coordination plan is an effective tool to study the operation of time selective operation characteristics All the points mentioned earlier required to define the overcurrent protection parameters can be expressed simultaneusly in a coordination plan In Figure 42 the coordination plan shows an example of operation characteristics in the LV side incoming feeder and radial outgoing feeder REF615 95 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions 5 1 2 5 1 2 1 5 1 2 2 96 1MRS756378 10 0 d z x I 1 Ley x xS IN i 1 1 Operation characteristics of O C protection of radial outgoing feeder I 6 ANC EN 2 Operation characteristics of O C protection of incoming feeder i 3 Maximum expected switching inrush current of outgoing feeder 4 Maximum expected switching inrush current of incoming feeder 1 0 V 5 Thermal whitstand of line type 1 6 Thermal whitstand of line type 2 O Maximum and minimum fault current in busbar DN EE Maximum and minimum fault current at the end of line type 2 Maximum and minimum fau
61. 8 2 10 htdocs ap IX soe File Edit View Favorites Tools Help SE ee ass ABB BAY1 REF615 User Administrator Connectio ED db Page C Tools de He BAY1 REF615 08 01 2007 4 24 General Events Alarms Phasor Diagrams Parameter list WHMI settings Logout s REF615 Monitoring IED status Self supervision REF615 X Enable Write fb Refresh Values Setting Group 1 y D Language Pi eeMonttonng Parameter Setting BAED status mere Upata los IED Voi New value Junin max D Composition changes Warning Unack card comp Unack card comp 0 D Time synchronization O Control command Internal Fault All ok All ok z 61 0 status DO FB status Q Alarm LED status Recorded data Settings Configuration Tests information Q Clear Disturbance records Events Measurements Figure 4 Example view of the WHMI The WHMI can be accessed Locally by connecting your laptop to the IED via the front communication port Remotely through the Internet or over LAN WAN 2 6 Authorization The user categories have been predefined for the LHMI and the WHMI each with different rights and default passwords The default passwords can be changed with Administrator user rights User authorization is disabled by default 20 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 2 7 REF615 Application Manual Section 2 REF615 overview Table 3 Predefined user categories Username User rights VIEWER Read only
62. Application Manual Feeder Protection Relay REF615 Document ID 1MRS756378 Issued 02 07 2008 Revision C Product version 1 1 Copyright 2008 ABB All rights reserved Copyright This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from ABB and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party nor used for any unauthorized purpose The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used copied or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license Trademarks ABB is a registered trademark of ABB Group All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Guarantee Please inquire about the terms of guarantee from your nearest ABB representative ABB Oy Distribution Automation P O Box 699 FI 65101 Vaasa Finland Telephone 358 10 2211 Facsimile 358 10 22 41094 http www abb com substationautomation Disclaimer The data examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy themselves that each intended application is suitable and acceptable including that any applicable safety or other operational requirements are complied with
63. Closed ie Corn ag ET I 1 DARREC1 close cb ena_open i ena close Figure 13 Circuit breaker control The ENA CLOSE input that is enable the closing of the circuit breaker in the breaker control function block CBXCBR is a combination of the status of the Master Trip The open operation is always enabled If the ENA_CLOSE signal is completely removed from the breaker control function block CBXCBR with SMT the function assumes that the breaker close commands are allowed continuously COMMON ALARM INDICATION 1 8 2 PHLPTOC1 start PHHPTOCH1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOCA start NSPTOC1 start NSPTOC2 start DEFLPDEF start DEFLPDEF2 start DEFHPDEF1 start OR 1X100 rM 1 10 so1 _ Start Indication INTRPTEF1 start EFHPTOC1 start PDNSPTOC1 start TPGAPC1 INE oun IN2 ouT2 11 12 PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate DEFLPDEF1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF operate ff OR i S02 Operate Indication INTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOC1 operate PDNSPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate Figure 14 Alarm indication The signal outputs from the IED are connected to give dedicated information on REF615 37 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 var
64. D OPERATE THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION T1PTTR1 35 49F 3I OPERATE ALARM LED5 OVERLOAD ALARM BLK_OPR BLK_CLOSE ENA_MULT START BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION CCBRBRF1 31 gt 1 gt BF gt PHHPTOC1 operate 51BF 51NBF PHHPTOC2 operate E PHIPTOC1 operate T EFLPTOC1 operate gt bf LED6 CBFP OPERATE EFHPTOC1 operate OR EFIPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate cz ly SS 7 PO2 X100 1 Circuit Breaker failure BI 2 CB Closed 9 protection trip to __ upstream breaker Figure 33 Phase discontinuity thermal overload and circuit breaker failure protection The phase discontinuity protection PDNSPTOC1 provides protection for interruptions in the normal three phase load supply for example in downed conductor situations The thermal overload protection TIPTTR1 provides indication on overload situations The operate signal of the phase discontinuity protection is connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 4 is used for the phase discontinuity protection operate indication the same as for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication and LED 5 is used for the thermal overload protection alarm indication The breaker failure protection CCBRBRF1 is initiated via the start input by a number of different protection stages in the IED The breaker failure protection function offers different operating modes
65. DEF 1 start aite INTRPTEF 1 start BHO EFHPTOC1 start B1 PDNSPTOC1 start B2 PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC1 operate DEFHPDEF1 operate ARCSARC1 fault_arc_det T1PTTR1 operate ARCSARC 1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate OR TI1PTTRA start ema PHIPTOC1 operate CCRBRF1 trret ia CCRBRF1 trbu 4 Bits BHG NSPTOC1 operate OR pubs NSPTOC2 operate me INTRPTEF1 operate B9 DEFLPDEF1 t EFHPTOC1 operate Bitzo DEFUPDEE2 cherie PDNSPTOC1 operate si P OR INRPHAR1 blk2h s22 BI 23 BI 24 BI 25 ARCSARC2 fault_arc_det og ARCSARC2 operate eie ARCSARC3 fault arc det ARCSARC3 operate sur DARREC1 inpro Bus DARREC1 close cb 1 sa DARREC1 unsuc_rec 4 OR Bla BH32 BI 1 Blocking BI 2 CB Closed BI 3 CB Open TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION Feesten 1 TCSSCBR1 TRPPTRC1 trip OR BLOCK ALARM TRPPTRC2 trip OR A LED9 TCS ALARM TCSSCBR2 BLOCK ALARM Li o a J Figure 11 Disturbance recorder The disturbance recorder has 64 digital inputs out of which 32 are connected as a default All start and operate signals from the protection stages are routed to trigger the disturbance recorder or alternatively only to be recorded by the disturbance recorder depending on the para
66. ED is available with four alternative standard configurations The table indicates the functions supported by the different IED configurations Overcurrent and directional Overcurrent and non directional earth fault protection earth fault protection Standard configuration functionality Std conf A FE01 Std conf B FE02 Std conf C FE03 Std conf D FE04 Protection Three phase non directional overcurrent low set stage Three phase non directional overcurrent high set stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent high set stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent instantaneous stage Directional earth fault low set stage instance 1 Directional earth fault low set stage instance 2 Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual Section 2 1MRS756378 REF615 overview Directional earth fault high set stage Double earth fault protection cross country earth fault Transient intermittent earth fault Non directional earth fault low set stage e Non directional earth fault high set stage e Non directional earth fault instantaneous stage o Non directional sensitive earth fault e e Negative sequence overcurrent instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent instance 2
67. Figure 60 Current flow in parallel trip contacts and trip circuit supervision In case of parallel trip contacts the recommended way to do the wiring is that the TCS test current flows through all wires and joints as shown in the following figure Figure 61 Improved connection for parallel trip contacts Several trip circuit supervision functions parallel in circuit Not only the trip circuit often have parallel trip contacts it is also possible that the circuit has multiple TCS circuits in parallel Each TCS circuit causes its own REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 7 Supervision functions supervising current to flow through the monitored coil and the actual coil current is a sum of all TCS currents This must be taken into consideration when determining the resistance of Re Setting the TCS function in a protection IED not in use does not typically effect the supervising current injection Trip circuit supervision with auxiliary relays Many retrofit projects are carried out partially that is the old electromechanical relays are replaced with new ones but the circuit breaker is not replaced This creates a problem that the coil current of an old type circuit breaker may be too high for the protection IED trip contact to break The circuit breaker coil current is normally cut by an internal contact of the circuit breaker In case of a circuit breaker failure there is a risk that
68. GND 2 H GNDC 4 IRIG B 5 L IRIG B 6 AGND 7 Be TX 8 Ae 9 Br 10 Ae X13 Light sensor input 1 X14 Light sensor input 2 X15 Light sensor input 3 2 R14 Figure 6 REF615 i 1 Optional 2 100BaseFx LC or 100BaseTx RJ 45 IRF PO2 S01 S02 POS TCS1 PO4 TCS2 SO1 so2 S03 3 RS 485 serial bus NO X130 12 13 15 16 18 17 Connection diagram for configurations C and D overcurrent and non directional earth fault protection 1 27 Section 3 REF615 variants 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 2 28 1MRS756378 Standard configuration A including directional earth fault protection Applications The standard configuration for directional earth fault protection is mainly intended for cable and overhead line feeder applications in isolated and resonant earthed distribution networks The IED with this standard configuration is delivered
69. II Start delay 2 0 20 char 4 Start frame delay in chars on Serial interface 2 End delay 2 0 20 char 4 End frame delay in chars on Serial interface 2 MaxTCPClients 0 5 5 Maximum number of Modbus TCP IP clients TCPWriteAuthority OzNo clients 2 All clients Write authority setting for Modbus TCP IP clients 1 Reg clients 2 All clients EventID 0 Address O Address Event ID selection 1 UID TimeFormat 0 UTC 1 Local Time format for Modbus time stamps 1 Local ClientIP1 000 000 000 000 Modbus Registered Client 1 ClientIP2 000 000 000 000 Modbus Registered Client 2 ClientIP3 000 000 000 000 Modbus Registered Client 3 ClientIP4 000 000 000 000 Modbus Registered Client 4 ClientIP5 000 000 000 000 Modbus Registered Client 5 CtlStructPWd1 TRAS Password for Modbus control struct 1 CtlStructPWd2 BUS Password for Modbus control struct 2 CtlStructPWd3 xus Password for Modbus control struct 3 CtlStructPWd4 biis Password for Modbus control struct 4 CtlStructPWd5 TES Password for Modbus control struct 5 CtlStructPWd6 SER Password for Modbus control struct 6 CtlStructPWd7 ioi Password for Modbus control struct 7 CtlStructPWd8 SEEN Password for Modbus control struct 8 Table 25 Serial communication settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Fiber mode OzNo fiber OzNo fiber Fiber mode for COM1 1 Fiber light ON loop 2 Fiber light OFF loop 3 Fiber light ON
70. MRS756378 Supervision functions 124 Auxiliary voltage REx615 TRIP output Relay program TCS input Circuit Breaker Rex Figure 58 Circuit breaker trip circuit supervision application with an external resistor If the TCS is required only in a closed position the external shunt resistance may be omitted When the circuit breaker is in the open position the TCS sees the situation as a faulty circuit One way to avoid TCS operation in this situation would be to block the supervision function whenever the circuit breaker is open REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 7 Supervision functions Auxiliary voltage TRIP output Relay program EA ss REx615 Circuit Breaker Figure 59 Circuit breaker trip circuit supervision application without an external resistor Trip circuit supervision and other trip contacts It is typical that the trip circuit contains more than one trip contact in parallel for example in transformer feeders where the trip of a buchholz relay is connected in parallel with the feeder terminal and other relays involved The constant test current flow is shown in the following figure The supervising current cannot detect if one or all the other contacts connected in parallel are not connected properly 125 Section 7 1MRS756378 Supervision functions 126
71. MT for connection where applicable Standard configuration D including non directional earth fault protection and CB condition monitoring Applications The standard configuration for non directional earth fault protection 1s mainly intended for cable and overhead line feeder applications in directly or resistance earthed distribution networks The IED with this standard configuration is delivered from the factory with default settings and parameters The end user flexibility for incoming outgoing and internal signal designation within the IED enables this configuration to be further adapted to different primary circuit layouts and the related functionality needs by modifying the internal functionality with SMT and PST Functions Table 10 Functions included in the REF615 standard configuration with non directional earth fault protection Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Three phase non directional overcurrent PHLPTOC1 3l 51P 1 protection low stage Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC1 31 gt gt 1 51P 2 1 protection high stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC2 31 gt gt 2 51P 2 2 protection high stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHIPTOC1 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P protection instantaneous stage Arc protection ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 50L 50NL 2 ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 Non directional earth fault pro
72. N TCSSCBR1 Lee lib eo or 6 LEDO TCs ALARM TCSSCBR2 AA A A E A A lV fda S UD ie Cat ee ia m E J Figure 35 Disturbance recorder The disturbance recorder has 64 digital inputs out of which 32 are connected as a default All start and operate signals from the protection stages are routed to trigger the disturbance recorder or alternatively only to be recorded by the disturbance recorder depending on the parameter settings Additionally the selected auto recloser the ARC protection signals and the three binary inputs from X120 are also connected as well as the auto recloser external start command from the binary input 2 X110 3 4 68 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 6 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants Two separate TCS functions are included TCSSCBRI for PO3 X100 16 19 and TCSSCBR2 for PO4 X100 20 23 Both functions are blocked by the Master Trip TRPPTRCI and TRPPTRC2 and the circuit breaker open position signal The TCS alarm indication is connected to LED 9 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking MASTER TRIP 1 PHLPTOC1 operate HHPTOCH1 operate HHPTOC2 operate HIPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate FIPTOC1 operate FLPTOC2 operate DNSPTOC1 operate RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate TRPPTRC1 BLOCK TRIP OPERATE CL LKOUT RST_LKOUT 6 i OR Open CB i trip coil 1 PO
73. P 1 51P 2 50P 51P Functionality The three phase overcurrent protection PHxPTOC is used as one phase two phase or three phase non directional overcurrent and short circuit protection for feeders The function starts when the current exceeds the set limit The operate time characteristics for low stage PHLPTOC and high stage PHHPTOC can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT The instantaneous stage PHIPTOC always operates with the DT characteristic In the DT mode the function operates after a predefined operate time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired Application PHxPTOC is used in several applications in the power system The applications include but are not limited to 89 Section 5 Protection functions 90 1MRS756378 Selective overcurrent and short circuit protection of feeders in distribution and subtransmission systems e Back up overcurrent and short circuit protection of power transformers and generators e Overcurrent and short circuit protection of various devices connected to the power system for example shunt capacitor banks shunt reactors and motors e General back up protection PHxPTOC is used for single phase two phase and three phase non directional overcu
74. PTRC OPERATE TRIP BLOCK CL LKOUT RST_LKOUT HELLE BiH2 LE Bi 4 Lock out reset Figure 57 Typical TRPPTRC connection 121 Section 6 1MRS756378 Protection related functions Lock out TRPPTRC is provided with possibilities to activate a lockout The lockout can be set to activate only the block closing output CL LKOUT or to initiate the block closing output and at the same time maintain the trip signal latched trip The lockout can be manually reset after checking the primary fault by activating the input RST LKOUT Blocking TRPPTRC can be blocked in two different ways Its use depends on the application Blocking can be activated internally by the logic or by the operator using a communication channel Total blockage of the trip function is done by activating the BLOCK input It can be used to block the output of the trip logic in the event of internal failures The operator can control the lockout function by activating the BLK LKOUT input which blocks the lockout output 122 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 7 7 1 7 1 1 7 1 2 7 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 7 Supervision functions Supervision functions Trip circuit supervision TCSSCBR Identification Table 54 Function identification IEC 61850 identification TCSSCBR IEC 60617 identification TCS ANSI IEEE C37 2 devic
75. RRET operate output is used for re tripping its own breaker through the Master Trip 2 The TRBU output is used to give a back up trip to the breaker feeding upstream For this purpose the TRBU operate output signal is connected to the output PO2 X100 8 9 LED 6 is used for back up TRBU operate indication 44 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 ARC PROTECTION Optional i po i ARCSARC1 i ARC 1 gt i i i 50L 5ONL 1 i 3 OPERATE P Hm ORGSEETLDET oR HH i LED10 ARC PROTECTION I REM FLT ARC I OPR_MODE i i ARCSARC2 i ARC 2 i i en i i 50L 50NL 2 l at OPERATE l i s uo ARCFLT DET i BLOCK i REM FLT ARC i oom oe i i i i i ARCSARC3 i l ARC 3 i l A i i 50L 50NL 3 i 31 OPERATE i uo ARC_FLT_DET i BLOCK i REM_FLT_ARC i OPR MODE i i i i i i AUTORECLOSING Optional i i i DARREC1 i 0 gt 1 i i Fe 79 i i PHIPTOC1 operate inv OPEN CB i PHHPTOC2 operate ir2 cose ca 4 l PHHPTOC1 operate tJ ir INPRO y LED11 AR IN PROGRESS i DEFLPDEF2 operate J INIT4 UNSUC_RECL i DEFHPDEF1 operate ins AR_ON l wir 6 LOCKED i i DEL INIT 2 i PDSNPTOC1 operate DEL INIT 5 i i NSPTOC1 operate 34 DEL INIT 4
76. S1 Figure 64 Connection of a power output in a case when TCS is not used and the internal resistor is disconnected REF615 129 Application Manual Section 7 1MRS756378 Supervision functions Incorrect connections and usage of trip circuit supervision Although the TCS circuit consists oftwo separate contacts 1t must be noted that those are designed to be used as series connected to guarantee the breaking capacity given in the technical manual of the IED In addition to the weak breaking capacity the internal resistor is not dimensioned to withstand current without a TCS circuit As a result this kind of incorrect connection causes immediate burning of the internal resistor when the circuit breaker is in the close position and the voltage is applied to the trip circuit The following picture shows incorrect usage of a TCS circuit when only one of the contacts is used Figure 65 Incorrect connection of trip circuit supervision A connection of three protection IEDs with a double pole trip circuit is shown in the following figure Only the IED R3 has an internal TCS circuit In order to test the operation of the IED R2 but not to trip the circuit breaker the upper trip contact of the IED R2 is disconnected as shown in the figure while the lower contact is still connected When the IED R2 operates the coil current starts to flow through the internal resistor of the IED R3 and the resistor burns immediately As proven with the previo
77. Section 3 REF615 variants 3 5 3 2 58 1MRS756378 input A control command to the circuit breaker either local or remote also blocks the auto reclose function via the CBXCBR selected signal The circuit breaker availability for the auto reclosure sequence is expressed with the CB RDY input in DARRECI In the configuration this signal is not connected to any of the binary inputs As a result the function assumes that the breaker is available all the time The auto reclose sequence in progress indication is connected to the alarm LED 11 DISTURBANCE RECORDER PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate PHLPTOCH1 start PHHPTOC1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start NSPTOC1 start NSPTOC2 start EFLPTOCH start EFHPTOC1 start EFIPTOC1 start NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate EFLPTOC2 start PDNSPTOC1 start T1PTTR1 start CCRBRF1 trret CCRBRF1 trbu j EFLPTOC11 operate EFHPTOC1 operate OR EFIPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 fault_arc_det ARCSARC2 fault_arc_det ARCSARC3 fault_arc_det DARREC1 close cb DARREC1 unsuc_recl BI 1 Blocking BI 2 CB Closed EFLPTOC2 operate PDNSPTOC1 operate INRPHAR1 blk2h T1PTTR1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate OR ARCSARC3 operate DARREC1 inpro
78. Z2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate EFLPTOC1 operate OR S02 z A l Operate Indication i i i i i i i i i EFHPTOC1 operate EFIPTOC1 operate i PDNSPTOC1 operate i i i i i i i i i i ARCSARCH1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate Over Current Operate Alarm 9i 8i o S02 a HLPTOC1 operate HHPTOC1 operate OR HHPTOC2 operate HIPTOC1 operate vuU Earth Fault 29 o Operate Alarm TPGAPC2 INI ount IN2 ouT2 FLPTOC1 operate 34 FHPTOC1 operate FIPTOC1 operate OR FLPTOC2 operate mmmm Figure 38 Alarm indication The signal outputs from the IED are connected to give dedicated information on start of any protection function SO1 X100 10 12 operation trip of any protection function SO2 X100 13 15 operation trip of any stage of the overcurrent protection function SO2 X110 17 19 operation trip of any stage of the earth fault protection function SO3 X110 20 22 The two TPGAPC blocks 1 and 2 are timers and used for setting the minimum pulse length for the outputs There are four generic timers TPGAPCI 4 availa
79. access OPERATOR Selecting remote or local state with DR only locally Changing setting groups Controlling Clearing alarm and indication LEDs and textual indications ENGINEER Changing settings Clearing event list Clearing disturbance records Changing system settings such as IP address serial baud rate or disturbance recorder settings Setting the IED to test mode Selecting language ADMINISTRATOR All listed above Changing password H For user authorization for PCM600 see PCM600 documentation Communication The IED supports two different communication protocols IEC 61850 and Modbus Operational information and controls are available through these protocols However some communication functionality for example horizontal communication between the IEDs and parameters setting is only enabled by the IEC 61850 communication protocol The IEC 61850 communication implementation supports all monitoring and control functions Additionally parameter setting and disturbance file records can be accessed using the IEC 61850 8 1 protocol Further the IED can send and receive binary signals from other IEDs so called horizontal communication using the IEC 61850 8 1 GOOSE profile where the highest performance class with a total transmission time of 3 ms is supported The IED can simultaneously report to five different IEC 61850 8 1 clients The IED can support five simultaneous clients If PCM600 re
80. ailable in the IED are e Arc protection Auto reclosing e Modbus TCP IP or RTU ASCII Physical hardware The IED consists of two main parts plug in unit and case The plug in unit content depends on the ordered functionality Table 2 Plug in unit and case Main Content options unit Plug HMI in unit CPU module Auxiliary power 48 250V DC 100 240 V AC or 24 60 V DC binary output module 2 normally open PO contacts slot X100 1 change over SO contacts 1 normally open SO contact 2 double pole PO contacts with TCS 1 dedicated internal fault output contact Al module slot Option 1 3 phase current inputs 1 5A X120 1 residual current input for non directional earth fault protection 1 5A or 0 2 1A2 4 Bls Option 2 3 phase current inputs 1 5A 1 residual current input 1 5A or 0 2 1A 1 residual voltage input for directional earth fault protection 100 110 115 or 120 V 3 Bis BI O module slot 7 Bis X110 3 SO contacts Case Optional BI O 6 Bis module slot X130 3 SO contacts Al module interface connectors Auxiliary power binary output module interface connectors BI O module interface connectors Communication module 1 The analog input module option depends on the selected standard configuration 2 The0 2 1A input is normally used in applications requiring sensitive earth fault protection and featuring core balance current transformers REF615 Application Manual 1MRS7
81. al Section 10 Control functions DEL INIT 2 DEL INIT 3 e DEL INIT 4 DEL INIT 2 and INIT 2 are connected together with an OR gate as are inputs 3 and 4 Inputs 1 5 and 6 do not have any delayed input From the auto reclosing point of view it does not matter whether INIT x or DEL INIT x line is used for shot initiation or blocking The auto reclose function can also open the circuit breaker from any of the initiation lines It is selected with the Tripping line setting As a default all initiation lines activate the OPEN CB output Tripping line INIT 1 M Fuel DEL INIT 2 Timer M ae t or OPEN CB E ArOpen DEL INIT 3 a DEL_INIT_4 EN A d me cont iz l aa l Figure 77 Simplified logic diagram of initiation lines Each delayed initiation line has four different time settings Table 67 Settings for delayed initiation lines Setting name Description and purpose Str x delay shot 1 Time delay for the DEL_INIT_x line where x is the number of the line 2 3 or 4 Used for shot 1 Sir x delay shot 2 Time delay for the DEL_INIT_x line used for shot 2 Str x delay shot 3 Time delay forthe DEL INIT xline used for shot 3 Str x delay shot 4 Time delay for the DEL INIT x line used for shots 4 and 5 Optionally can also b
82. al 1MRS756468 Installation Manual 1MRS756375 Operation Manual 1MRS756376 Technical Manual 1MRS756377 Document symbols and conventions Safety indication symbols This publication includes the following icons that point out safety related conditions or other important information A A E vy The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in electrical shock The warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in personal injury The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to the concept discussed in the text It might indicate the presence of a hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to equipment or property The information icon alerts the reader to relevant facts and conditions The tip icon indicates advice on for example how to design your project or how to use a certain function Although warning hazards are related to personal injury it should be understood that operation of damaged equipment could under certain operational conditions result in degraded process performance leading to personal injury or death Therefore comply fully with all warning and caution notices REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 1 4 2 1 4 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 1 Introduction Document conventions The following conventions are used for the presentation of material e Abbreviations in this
83. alculated lg current Double earth fault protection Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC1 l2 1 46 1 instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC2 l2 2 46 2 instance 2 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC1 lo l4 gt 46PD Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR1 312f gt 68 Three phase thermal protection for feeders TIPTTR1 3lth gt 49F cables and distribution transformers Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Autoreclosure DARREC1 O gt l 79 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF1 3I I9 BF 51BF 51NBF Master Trip TRPPTRC1 Master Trip 1 94 86 1 TRPPTRC2 Master Trip 2 94 86 2 Trip circuit supervision instance 1 TCSSCBR1 TCS 1 TCM 1 Trip circuit supervision instance 2 TCSSCBR2 TCS 2 TCM 2 Disturbance recorder RDRE1 Three phase current measurement CMMXU1 3l 3l Sequence current measurement CSMSQI1 l4 lo lo l4 lo lo Residual current measurement RESCMMXU lo In Residual voltage measurement RESVMMXU1 Ugo Vn Default I O connections Binary Input Default usage Connector Pins X120 Bl1 Blocking of Overcurrent Instantaneous Stage X120 1 2 X120 BI2 Circuit Breaker Closed position indication X120 3 2 X120 BI3 Circuit Breaker Open position indication X120 4 2 Binary Output De
84. ame reclose time for all protection functions namely I gt gt I gt and Ig The initiation of the shots is done by activating the operate signals of the protection functions CB Position terotection lusAR trrotection toar trrotection lt gt a lt gt tes o tes c ice o tes c ics o b Fault occurs Figure 73 Auto reclose sequence with two shots tusar Time delay of high speed auto reclosing here First reclose time tpAR Time delay of delayed auto reclosing here Second reclose time tProtection Operating time for the protection stage to clear the fault tcp_o Operating time for opening the circuit breaker tee c Operating time for closing the circuit breaker In this case the sequence needs two CBBs The reclosing times for shot 1 and shot 2 are different but each protection function initiates the same sequence The CBB sequence is as follows INIT_1 gt gt Shot 1 H gt Lockout INIT_2 I gt CBB1 CBB2 Lockout INIT_3 lo gt Uus Ls Lockout Figure 74 Two shots with three initiation lines REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 10 Control functions Table 65 Settings for configuration example 1 Setting name Setting value Shot number CBB1 1 Init signals CBB1 7 lines 1 2 and 3 1 2 4 7 First reclose time 0 3s an example Shot number CBB2 2 Init signals CBB2 7 lines 1 2 and 3 1 2 4 7 Second reclose time 15 0s an
85. ameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Input 1 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 1 2c Input 2 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 3 2c Input 3 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 4 2c Input 4 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 5 6 Input 1 inversion O False 0 False Connectors 1 2c 1 True Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual 81 Section 4 1MRS756378 Basic functions Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Input 2 inversion 0 False O False Connectors 3 2c 1 True Input 3 inversion O False O False Connectors 4 2c 1 True Input 4 inversion 0 False O False Connectors 5 6 1 True Table 33 X130 BIO binary output signals Name Type Default Description X130 SO1 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 10c 11no 12nc X130 SO2 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 13c 14no 15nc X130 SO3 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 16c 17no 18nc Table 34 X130 BIO binary input signals Name Type Description X130 Input 1 BOOLEAN Connectors 1 2c X130 Input 2 BOOLEAN Connectors 3 2c X130 Input 3 BOOLEAN Connectors 4 5c X130 Input 4 BOOLEAN Connectors 6 5c X130 Input 5 BOOLEAN Connectors 7 8c X130 Input 6 BOOLEAN Connectors 9 8c Table 35 X130 BIO binary input settings Parameter Values Range Unit Default Description Input 1 filter time 1 1000 ms 5 Connectors 1 2c Input 2 filter time 1 1000 ms
86. arameter setting can be made independently The active setting group 1 4 can be changed by parameter or via binary input if a binary input is enabled for it To enable active setting group changing via binary input connect any of the free binary inputs to SGCB block input named ActSG using PCM600 Signal Matrix Tool Table 38 Active setting group binary input state BI state Active setting group OFF 1 ON 2 The active setting group defined by parameter is overridden when a binary input is enabled for changing the active setting group Table 39 Settings Parameter Setting Value Default Description Access rights Setting group Active group 1 4 1 Selected RWRW active group All the parameters are not included in these setting groups for example non setting group parameters Those parameters are presented in connection to application functions 87 88 1MRS756378 Section 5 5 1 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 5 1 1 2 5 1 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions Protection functions Three phase current protection Three phase non directional overcurrent protection PHxPTOC Identification Table 40 Function identification Different stages Low stage High stage Instantaneous stage IEC 61850 identification PHLPTOC PHHPTOC PHIPTOC IEC 60617 identification 31 gt 31 gt gt 31 gt gt gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 51
87. ard Code for Information Interchange Binary input Binary input output Binary output Circuit breaker Cycle building block Central Processing Unit Current transformer Definite time Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Field Programmable Gate Array Generic Object Oriented Substation Event Global Positioning System Human machine interface Hardware International Electrotechnical Commission International standard for substation communication and modelling A communication protocol based on the IEC 61850 standard series and a standard for substation modelling Intelligent Electronic Device Internet protocol address is a set of four numbers between 0 and 255 separated by periods Each server connected 161 Section 12 Glossary 162 LC LCD LED LHMI Modbus Modbus TCP IP MV PCM600 PO PST RAM REF615 RJ 45 ROM RS 485 RTC RTU SCL SMT SNTP SO SOTF SW TCS VT WAN WHMI to the Internet is assigned a unique IP address that specifies a location for the TCP IP protocol Local area network Connector type for glass fibre cable Liquid crystal display Light emitting diode Local Human Machine Interface A serial communication protocol developed by the Modicon company in 1979 Originally used for communication in PLCs and RTU devices Modbus RTU protocol which uses TCP IP and Ethernet to carry data between devices Medium voltage Protection and Control IED Manager Power output
88. arthing switch and non active trip signals activates the close enable signal to the circuit breaker control function block The open operation is always enabled The auto recloser close command signals are directly connected to the output contact PO1 X100 6 7 Ifthe ENA_CLOSE signal is completely removed from the breaker control function block CBXCBR with SMT the function assumes that the breaker close commands are allowed continuously The ITL_BYPASS input can be used for example to always enable the closing of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker truck is out in the test position despite of the interlocking conditions being active when the circuit breaker truck is closed in service position The circuit breaker condition monitoring function SSCBR supervises the circuit breaker status based on the binary input information connected and measured current levels The function introduces various supervision methods The corresponding supervision alarm signals are routed to LED 8 71 Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants COMMON ALARM INDICATION 1 amp 2 PHLPTOC1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start NSPTOC1 start NSPTOC2 start EFLPTOCH1 start x100 10 Start Indication EFHPTOCH1 start EFIPTOC1 start EFLPTOC2 start PDNSPTOCH1 start SO1 M TPGAPC1 INI ount IN2 our2 PHLPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOC
89. associated with the circuit breaker position and the measured phase and residual currents The breaker failure protection has two operating outputs TRRET and TRBU The TRRET operate output is used for re tripping its own breaker through the Master Trip 2 The TRBU output is used to give a back up trip to the breaker feeding upstream For this purpose the TRBU operate output signal is connected to the output PO2 X100 8 9 LED 6 is used for back up TRBU operate indication REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants ARC PROTECTION Optional ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 5ONL 1 a OPERATE LED10 ARC PROTECTION uo 6 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 A 50L 50NL 2 OPERATE ARC_FLT_DET ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 OPERATE ARG FLT DET al uo HIPTOC1 operate HHPTOC2 operate HHPTOC1 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate 2 AR ext start LED11 AR IN PROGRESS DSNPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate BXCBR1 selected RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate Prrozzv UIITUUU 3 CB Open Figure 34 Arc protection ARC protection ARCSARCI 3 and auto reclosing DARRECI are included as optional functions The ARC protection offers individual function blocks for three ARC sensors that can be connected to the IED Each ARC protection function block has two different operation modes with or without the phase and residual current check Op
90. ated to sensitive earth fault protection All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 2 is used for directional earth fault and LED 3 for the sensitive earth fault protection operate indication REF615 55 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants 56 1MRS756378 PHASE DISCONTINUITY PROTECTION PDNSPTOC1 b h 46PD 3 START BLOCK OPERATE LED4 NPS PD OPERATE THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION T1PTTR1 35 49F 3I OPERATE ALARM LED5 OVERLOAD ALARM BLK_OPR BLK_CLOSE ENA_MULT START BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION CCBRBRF1 31 gt 1 gt BF gt PHHPTOC1 operate 51BF 51NBF PHHPTOC2 operate E PHIPTOC1 operate T EFLPTOC1 operate gt bf LED6 CBFP OPERATE EFHPTOC1 operate OR EFIPTOC1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate cz ly SS 7 PO2 X100 1 Circuit Breaker failure BI 2 CB Closed 9 protection trip to __ upstream breaker Figure 25 Phase discontinuity thermal overload and circuit breaker failure protection The phase discontinuity protection PDNSPTOC1 provides protection for interruptions in the normal three phase load supply for example in downed conductor situations The thermal overload protection TIPTTR1 provides indication on overload situations The operate signal of the phase discontinuity protectio
91. atus FB status C m 4 Figure 2 Display layout 1 Header 2 Icon 3 Content 4 Scroll bar appears when needed LEDs The LHMI includes three protection indicators above the display Ready Start and Trip REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 2 4 3 2 5 REF615 Application Manual Section 2 REF615 overview There are also 11 matrix programmable alarm LEDs on front of the LHMI The LEDs can be configured with PCM600 and the operation mode can be selected with the LHMI Keypad The LHMI keypad consists of push buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus With push buttons you can give open or close commands to for example circuit breakers disconnectors and switches The push buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms reset indications provide help and switch between local and remote control mode Figure 3 LHMI keypad with object control navigation and command push buttons and RJ 45 communication port WHMI The WHMI enables the user to access the IED via a web browser B WHMI is disabled by default WHMII offers the following functions Alarm indications and event lists e System supervision e Parameter settings e Measurement display e Phasor diagram The menu tree structure on the WHMI is identical to the one on the LHMI Section 2 1MRS756378 REF615 overview ABB BAY1 REF615 User Administrator Connection Remote Windows Internet Explorer go fase tp J1192 16
92. ble in the IED The remaining ones not described in the functional diagram are available in SMT for connection where applicable 72 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 4 4 1 Basic functions General parameters Section 4 Basic functions Table 12 Analog channel settings phase currents Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Secondary current 1 0 2A 2 1A Rated recondary 2 1A current 3 5A Primary current 1 0 6000 0 A 0 1 100 0 Rated primary current Amplitude corr A 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Phase A amplitude correction factor Amplitude corr B 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Phase B amplitude correction factor Amplitude corr C 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Phase C amplitude correction factor Table 13 Analog channel settings residual current Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Secondary current 1 0 2A 2 1A Secondary current 2 1A 3 5A Primary current 1 0 6000 0 A 0 1 100 0 Primary current Amplitude corr 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Amplitude correction Table 14 Analog channel settings residual voltage Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Secondary voltage 1 100V 1 100V Secondary voltage 2 110V 3 115V 4 120V Primary voltage 0 001 440 000 kV 0 001 20 000 Primary voltage Amplitude corr 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Amplitude correction REF615 Application Man
93. ble to detect the fault current direction without failure As directional earth fault uses residual current and residual voltage the poles of the measuring transformers must match each other and also the fault current 103 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions direction Also the earthing of the cable sheath must be taken into notice when using core balance current transformers The following figure describes how measuring transformers can be connected to the IED Figure 46 Connection of measuring transformers 5 2 3 Transient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF 5 2 3 1 Identification Table 47 Function identification IEC 61850 identification INTRPTEF IEC 60617 identification 10 gt gt IEF ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 67NIEF 2 3 2 Functionality The transient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF is a sample based function designed for the protection and clearance of intermittent and transient earth faults in distribution and sub transmission networks Fault detection is done from the residual current and residual voltage signals by monitoring the transients with predefined criteria 104 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 5 2 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions The operate time characteristics are according to definite time DT The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates all outputs and resets timers Applicatio
94. breaker truck and earthing switch position statuses and the statuses of the master REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants trip logics and gas pressure alarm and circuit breaker spring charging The OKPOS output from the DCSXSWI block defines if the disconnector or breaker truck is definitely either open in test position or close in service position This together with the open earthing switch and non active trip signals activates the close enable signal to the circuit breaker control function block The open operation is always enabled The auto recloser close command signals are directly connected to the output contact PO1 X100 6 7 Ifthe ENA_CLOSE signal is completely removed from the breaker control function block CBXCBR with SMT the function assumes that the breaker close commands are allowed continuously The ITL_BYPASS input can be used for example to always enable the closing of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker truck is out in the test position despite of the interlocking conditions being active when the circuit breaker truck is closed in service position The circuit breaker condition monitoring function SSCBR supervises the circuit breaker status based on the binary input information connected and measured current levels The function introduces various supervision methods The corresponding supervision alarm signals are routed to LED 8 49 Section 3
95. d configuration with non directional earth fault protection Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Three phase non directional overcurrent PHLPTOC1 3l 51P 1 protection low stage Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC1 31 gt gt 1 51P 2 1 protection high stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC2 31 gt gt 2 51P 2 2 protection high stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHIPTOC1 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P protection instantaneous stage Arc protection ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 50L 50NL 2 ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 Non directional earth fault protection low stage EFLPTOC1 lo gt 1 51N 1 1 Non directional earth fault protection low stage EFLPTOC2 lo gt 2 51N 1 2 Non directional sensitive earth fault Non directional earth fault protection high stage EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 51N 2 Non directional earth fault protection EFIPTOC1 lo 50N 51N instantaneous stage Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC1 l2 1 46 1 instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC2 l2 2 46 2 instance 2 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC1 lo l4 gt 46PD Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR1 312f gt 68 Three phase thermal protection for feeders TIPTTR1 3Ith 49F cables and distribution transformers Autoreclosure DARREC1 O gt l 79 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF1 3I I9 BF 51BF 51NBF Table continues on next page 51 Section 3 REF615 va
96. dify the standard configuration according to the actual needs The IED is delivered from the factory with default connections described in the functional diagrams for BI s BO s function to function connections and alarm LEDs SMT has a number of different page views designated as follows e Binary input Binary output e Functions The functions in different page views are identified by the IEC 61850 names with analogy to the functional diagrams Standard configurations The IED is available with four alternative standard configurations The table indicates the functions supported by the different IED configurations Overcurrent and directional Overcurrent and non directional earth fault protection earth fault protection Standard configuration functionality Std conf A FE01 Std conf B FE02 Std conf C FE03 Std conf D FE04 Protection Three phase non directional overcurrent low set stage Three phase non directional overcurrent high set stage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent high set stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent instantaneous stage Directional earth fault low set stage instance 1 Directional earth fault low set stage instance 2 Directional earth fault high set stage Double earth fault protection cross country earth fault Transient intermittent earth fault Non directional earth fa
97. e IEC 60255 series Table of contents Table of contents Section 1 IMMOGUCHON corsario 7 This MA O oe ria 7 Intended auUdienNCe ooocooccccconnncococcnononanon cnc nnnnn anno nc cnnnn naar rn cra nennen 7 Product documMentatiON ooococnnnnocccccnnononcncnnononononcno nana nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn rra 8 Product documentation set 8 Document revision history 9 Related documentation sse 10 Document symbols and conventions seeeee 10 Safety indication symbols ssse 10 Document conventions scorsi e a Ta 11 Functions codes and symbols eite egens 11 Section 2 REF615 overview esee 13 OVEIVIS Wes 13 Product version hiStOlY cooconnnocccccnnnccconccncncnanannccncnnnnanancnccnnnnnna 13 PCM600 and IED connectivity package version 14 Operation functionality 14 Standard configurations 14 Optional functions eeepc tete t getto dus 16 Physical hardWare sod decere dace tata tede odes 16 EUN 17 Datum nette ete tutes tutae do 18 LEDS xtd ne P Mu BE d Meli a Nite MA s MOM ELS Rn 18 Keypad uonane a a A ee 19 WAMI 0 trado a na o A A asadas 19 Authorization ERU dette RR RR RR RM 20 Gomnmnunication exer a eet 21 Section 3 REF615 variants esses 23 REE615 variant Ist ite uie PR e eae 23 Presentation of standard configurations ssses
98. e number TCM Functionality The trip circuit supervision function TCSSCBR is designed for supervision purposes of control circuits The invalidity of a control circuit is detected by using a dedicated output contact that contains the supervision functionality The failure of a circuit is reported to the corresponding function block in the IED configuration The function starts and operates when TCS detects a trip circuit failure The operate time characteristic for the function is of DT type The function operates after a predefined operating time and resets when the fault disappears The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates the ALARM output and resets the timer Application TCSSCBR detects faults in the electrical control circuit of the circuit breaker The function can supervise both open and closed coil circuits This kind of supervision is necessary to find out the vitality of the control circuits continuously The following figure shows an application of the trip circuit supervision function usage The best solution is to connect an external R shunt resistor in parallel with the circuit breaker internal contact Although the circuit breaker internal contact is open TCS can see the trip circuit through R The Rext resistor should have such a resistance that the current through the resistance remains small that is it does not harm or overload the circuit breaker s trip coil 123 Section 7 1
99. e secondary current of the CT is distorted and it might have severe effects on the performance of the protection relay In practise the actual accuracy limit factor F differs from the rated accuracy limit factor F and is proportional to the ratio of the rated CT burden and the actual CT burden The actual accuracy limit factor is calculated using the formula S S F E xQ Si ES Fn the accuracy limit factor with the nominal external burden S Sin the internal secondary burden of the CT S the actual external burden Non directional overcurrent protection The current transformer selection Non directional overcurrent protection does not set high requirements on the accuracy class or on the actual accuracy limit factor F4 of the CTS It is however recommended to select a CT with F of at least 20 The nominal primary current Ij should be chosen in such a way that the thermal and dynamic strength of the current measuring input of the relay is not exceeded This is always fulfilled when Lin gt Tkmax 100 Ikmax is the highest fault current The saturation of the CT protects the measuring circuit and the current input of the relay For that reason in practice even a few times smaller nominal primary current can be used than given by the formula Recommended start current settings If Ikmin is the lowest primary current at which the highest set overcurrent stage of the relay is to operate then the start cu
100. e used with SOTF 153 Section 10 Control functions 10 4 3 5 10 4 3 6 154 1MRS756378 Shot initiation from protection start signal In it simplest all auto reclose shots are initiated by protection trips As a result all trip times in the sequence are the same This is why using protection trips may not be the optimal solution Using protection start signals instead of protection trips for initiating shots shortens the trip times Example 1 When a two shot sequence is used the start information from the protection function is routed tothe DEL INIT 2 inputand the operate information to the INIT 2 input The following conditions have to apply protection operate time 0 5s e Str 2 delay shot 1 0 05s Str 2 delay shot 2 60s e Str 2 delay shot 3 60s Operation in a permanent fault 1 Protection starts and activates the DEL INIT 2 input 2 After 0 05 seconds the first autoreclose shot is initiated The function opens the circuit breaker the OPEN CB output activates The total trip time is the protection start delay 0 05 seconds the time it takes to open the circuit breaker 3 After the first shot the circuit breaker is reclosed and the protection starts again 4 Because the delay of the second shot is 60 seconds the protection is faster and trips after the set operation time activating the INIT 2 input The second shot is initiated 5 After the second shot t
101. e will cause too high a voltage drop jeopardizing the requirement of at least 20 V over the internal circuit while a resistance too low may enable false operations of the trip coil 127 128 Section 7 1MRS756378 Supervision functions Table 55 Values recommended for the external resistor Re Operating voltage U Shunt resistor Re 48 V DC 1 2k0 5W 60 V DC 5 6 KQ 5 W 110 V DC 22 kQ 5 W 220 V DC 33 kQ 5 W X100 HH DS CBPOS open TCS blocking Figure 62 Operating principle of the trip circuit supervision without an external resistor The TCS blocking switch is set to block the TCSSCBR when the circuit breaker is open REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 7 Supervision functions X100 HH TCSSCBR ALARM CBPOS open TCS blocking Figure 63 Operating principle of the trip circuit supervision with an external resistor The TCSSCBR blocking switch is open enabling the trip circuit supervision to be independent of the circuit breaker position Using power output contacts without trip circuit supervision If TCS is not used but the contact information of corresponding power outputs are required the internal resistor can be by passed When bypassing the internal resistor the wiring between the terminals of the corresponding output X100 16 15 PO3 or X100 21 20 PO4 can be disconnected The internal resistor is required 1f the complete TCS circuit is used TC
102. ent available to read disturbance files from the IEDs on the basis of the IEC 61850 definitions It further introduces the diagnostic tool components available for IED products and the PCM600 tool Installation Manual contains instructions on how to install the IED The manual provides procedures for mechanical and electrical installation The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the protection IED should be installed Commissioning Manual contains instructions on how to commission the IED The manual can also be used as a reference during periodic testing The manual provides procedures for energizing and checking of external circuitry setting and configuration as well as verifying settings and performing directional tests The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the IED should be commissioned 8 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 1 Introduction Operation Manual contains instructions on how to operate the IED during normal service once it has been commissioned The manual can be used to find out how to handle disturbances or how to view calculated and measured network data in order to determine the cause of a fault Service Manual contains instructions on how to service and maintain the IED The manual also provides procedures for de energizing de commissioning and disposal of the IED Application Manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines sorted per function
103. er Failure Operate 7 Disturbance Recorder Triggered 8 Not connected 9 Trip Circuit Supervision Alarm 10 ARC Protection Operate 11 Auto Reclose Sequence in Progress REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 5 3 3 5 3 1 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants Functional diagrams The functional diagrams describe the default input output alarm LED and function to function connections The default connections can be viewed with SMT and changed according to the application requirements if necessary The analog channels measurements from CTs and VTs have fixed connections towards the different function blocks inside the IED s standard configuration Exceptions from this rule are the 12 analog channels available for the disturbance recorder function These channels are freely selectable and a part of the disturbance recorder s parameter settings thus not included in the SMT functionality The analog channels are assigned to different functions as shown in the functional diagrams The common signal marked with 31 represents the three phase currents The signal marked with Ig represents the measured residual current via a summation connection of the phase current transformers Functional diagrams for protection The following functional diagrams describe the IED s protection functionality in detail and according to the factory set default connections in SMT 53 Section 3 REF615 variants 54
104. erate PHIPTOC1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate 51BF 51NBF al TRRET 10 TRBU OR START CB FAULT AL POSCLOSE CB FAULT BLOCK LP LED6 CBFP OPERATE ARCSARC 3 operate E le St PO2 L x100 tt q Circuit Breaker failure BI 2 CB Closed 9 Protection trip to __ upstream breaker Figure 17 Phase discontinuity thermal overload and circuit breaker failure protection The phase discontinuity protection PDNSPTOC1 provides protection for interruptions in the normal three phase load supply for example in downed conductor situations The thermal overload protection TIPTTR1 provides indication on overload situations The operate signal of the phase discontinuity protection is connected to the Master Trip and also to an alarm LED LED 4 is used for the phase discontinuity protection operate indication the same as for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication and LED 5 is used for the thermal overload protection alarm indication The breaker failure protection CCBRBRFI1 is initiated via the start input by a number of different protection stages in the IED The breaker failure protection function offers different operating modes associated with the circuit breaker position and the measured phase and residual currents The breaker failure protection has two operating outputs TRRET and TRBU The T
105. erate signals from the ARC protection function blocks are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LED 10 as a common operate indication The auto recloser is configured to be initiated by operate signals from a number of protection stages through the INIT1 5 inputs The INIT6 input in the auto recloser function block is controlled by a binary input 2 X110 3 4 enabling the use of the external start command It is possible to create individual auto reclose sequences for each input REF615 67 Application Manual Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants The auto reclose function can be blocked with the INHIBIT_RECL input As a default the operation of some selected protection functions are connected to this input A control command to the circuit breaker either local or remote also blocks the auto reclose function via the CBXCBR selected signal The circuit breaker availability for the auto reclosure sequence is expressed with the binary input 4 X110 6 7 by connecting the input signal to the CB_RDY input In case this signal is completely removed from the auto reclose function block with SMT the function assumes that the breaker is available all the time The auto reclose sequence in progress indication is connected to the alarm LED 11 3 6 3 2 Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit supervision DISTURBANCE RECORDER RDRE1 P Bi TRIGGERED pst LED7 DR TRIGGERED Blitz BiH Bla BHS BHG Blit7 Bits
106. es Range Unit Step Default Description FB naming convention 1 IEC61850 1 IEC61850 FB naming convention used in IED 2 1EC61617 3 IEC ANSI Default view 1 Measurements 1 Measurements LHMI default view 2 Main menu Backlight timeout 10 3600 S 1 180 LHMI backlight timeout Web HMI mode 1 Active read only 3 Disabled Web HMI functionality 2 Active 3 Disabled Web HMI timeout 120 3600 S 1 180 Web HMI login timeout Table 24 MODBUS settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description InOv O False O False Modbus Internal Overflow TRUE System level 1 True overflow occured indication only Serial port 1 OzNot in use 1 COM 1 COM port for Serial interface 1 1 COM 1 2 COM 2 Address 1 1 255 1 Modbus unit address on Serial interface 1 Link mode 1 1 RTU 1 RTU Modbus link mode on Serial interface 1 2 ASCII Start delay 1 0 20 char 4 Start frame delay in chars on Serial interface 1 End delay 1 0 20 char 4 End frame delay in chars on Serial interface 1 Serial port 2 OzNot in use OzNot in use COM port for Serial interface 2 1 COM 1 2 COM 2 Address 2 1 255 2 Modbus unit address on Serial interface 2 Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual TT Section 4 Basic functions 1MRS756378 Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Link mode 2 1 RTU 1 RTU Modbus link mode on Serial interface 2 2 ASC
107. eter Furthermore if the Fourth delay in SOTF parameter is I the Str _ delay shot 4 parameter delays are also activated Example 1 The protection operation time 1s 0 5 seconds the Fourth delay in SOTF parameter is set to 1 and the Str 2 delay shot 4 parameter is 0 05 seconds The protection start signal is connected to the DEL_INIT_2 input If the protection starts after the circuit breaker closes the fast trip follows after the set 0 05 seconds The total trip time is the protection start delay 0 05 seconds the time it takes to open the circuit breaker 155 156 1MRS756378 Section 11 11 1 11 1 1 11 1 1 1 REF615 Application Manual Section 11 Requirements for measurement transformers Requirements for measurement transformers Current transformers Current transformer requirements for non directional overcurrent protection For reliable and correct operation of the overcurrent protection the CT has to be chosen carefully The distortion of the secondary current of a saturated CT may endanger the operation selectivity and co ordination of protection However when the CT is correctly selected a fast and reliable short circuit protection can be enabled The selection of a CT depends not only on the CT specifications but also on the network fault current magnitude desired protection objectives and the actual CT burden The protection relay settings should be defined in accordance with the
108. example Example 2 There are two separate sequences implemented with three shots Shot 1 is implemented by CBB1 and it is initiated with the high stage of the overcurrent protection I gt gt Shot 1 is set as a high speed auto reclosing with a short time delay Shot 2 is implemented with CBB2 and meant to be the first shot of the auto reclose sequence initiated by the low stage of the overcurrent protection I gt and the low stage of the non directional earth fault protection 1 gt It has the same reclose time in both situations It is set as a high speed auto reclosing for corresponding faults The third shot which is the second shot in the auto reclose sequence initiated by I gt or I gt is set as a delayed auto reclosing and executed after an unsuccessful high speed auto reclosing of a corresponding sequence CB Position gt gt I gt lo gt ti or lo gt tis orto tbar t gt or lo gt gt gt gt ae teso lcac lce o tcs c tes o Fault occurs Figure 75 Auto reclose sequence with two shots with different shot settings according to initiation signal REF615 151 Application Manual Section 10 1MRS756378 Control functions tusAR Time delay of high speed auto reclosing here First reclose time tpAR Time delay of delayed auto reclosing here Second reclose time ti gt gt Operating time for the I gt gt protection stage to clear the fault ti gt OF lo gt Operating time for the I gt
109. fault usage Connector Pins X100 PO1 Close Circuit Breaker X100 6 7 Circuit Breaker Failure protection trip to upstream X100 PO2 breaker X100 8 9 X100 PO3 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 1 X100 16 17 18 19 X100 PO4 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 2 X100 20 21 22 23 X100 SO1 General Start Indication X100 10 11 12 X100 SO2 General Operate Indication X100 13 14 15 LED Default usage 1 Non Directional Overcurrent Operate 2 Directional Intermittent Earth fault Operate 3 Double Cross country Earth fault Operate 4 Negative Seq Overcurrent Phase Discontinuity Operate 5 Thermal Overload Alarm 6 Breaker Failure Operate 7 Disturbance Recorder Triggered 8 Not connected 9 Trip Circuit Supervision Alarm 10 ARC Protection Operate 11 Auto Reclose Sequence in Progress Application Manual 29 Section 3 REF615 variants 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 30 1MRS756378 Functional diagrams The functional diagrams describe the default input output alarm LED and function to function connections The default connections can be viewed with SMT and changed according to the application requirements if necessary The analog channels measurements from CTs and VTs have fixed connections towards the different function blocks inside the IED s standard configuration Exceptions from this rule are the 12 analog channels available for the disturbance recorder function These channels are freely selectable and a part of the disturbance recorder s parameter se
110. feeder The arc protection consists of Optionalarc light detection hardware with automatic backlight compensation for lens type sensors e Light signal output FLT ARC DET for routing indication of locally detected light signal to another relay Protection stage with phase and earth fault current measurement The function detects light from an arc either locally or via a remote light signal Locally the light 1s detected by lens sensors connected to the inputs Light sensor 1 Light sensor 2 or Light sensor 3 on the serial communication module of the relay The lens sensors can be placed for example in the busbar compartment the breaker compartment and the cable compartment of the metal clad cubicle The light detected by the lens sensors is compared to an automatically adjusted reference level Light sensor 1 Light sensor 2 and Light sensor 3 inputs have their own reference levels When the light exceeds the reference level of one of the inputs the light is detected locally When the light has been detected locally or remotely and depending on the operation mode if one or several phase currents exceed the set Phase start value limit or the earth fault current the set Ground start value limit the arc protection stage generates an operation signal The stage is reset in 30 ms after all three phase currents and the earth fault current have fallen below the set current limits The light signal output from an arc protection
111. for control and interlocking MASTER TRIP 1 PHLPTOC1 operate HHPTOCH1 operate HHPTOC2 operate OR TRPPTRC1 HIPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate FIPTOC1 operate FLPTOC2 operate DNSPTOC1 operate RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate PO3 BLOCK TRIP OPERATE CL_LKOUT RST_LKOUT OR With lock out mode selection TCS1 DPPUmmrimImzzuu DARREC1 open cb BI 4 Lockout reset MASTER TRIP 2 HLPTOC1 operate 6 i Open CB i trip coil 1 HHPTOC1 operate HHPTOC2 operate HIPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate FIPTOC1 operate FLPTOC2 operate TRPPTRC2 PO4 a e a BLOCK TRIP OR OPERATE CL LKOUT RST_LKOUT With lock out mode selection TCS2 4 pH DNSPTOC1 operate CRBRF 1 trret RCSARCH1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate gt gt gt O0UMMMMZZVUVUVTU i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i CBXCBR1 exe op i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i om cc rH C Figure 28 Master trip 2 i Open CB trip coil 2 e The operate signals from the protections described above are connected to both of the two trip output contacts PO3 X100 16 19 and PO4 X100 20 23 v
112. he circuit breaker is reclosed and the protection starts again 6 Because the delay of the second shot is 60 seconds the protection is faster and trips after the set operation time No further shots are programmed after the final trip The function is in lockout and the sequence is considered unsuccessful Example 2 The delays can be used also for fast final trip The conditions are the same as in Example 1 with the exception of Str 2 delay shot 3 0 10 seconds The operation in a permanent fault is the same as in Example 1 except that after the second shot when the protection starts again Str 2 delay shot 3 elapses before the protection operate time and the final trip follows The total trip time is the protection start delay 0 10 seconds the time it takes to open the circuit breaker Fast trip in Switch on to fault The Str _ delay shot 4 parameter delays can also be used to achieve a fast and accelerated trip with SOTF This 1s done by setting the Fourth delay in SOTF REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 10 Control functions parameter to 1 and connecting the protection start information to the corresponding DEL INIT_ input When the function detects a closing of the circuit breaker that is any other closing except the reclosing done by the function itself it always prohibits shot initiation for the time set with the Reclaim time param
113. hed While using the secondary SNTP server the IED tries to switch to the primary server at every third SNTP request attempt If both SNTP servers are offline the event time stamps have the time invalid status The time is requested from the SNTP server every 60 seconds can be received from Modbus master instead of SNTP When Modbus TCP is used SNTP time synchronization should be used for better synchronization accuracy H Ifthe Modbus RTU ASCII protocol is used the time synchronization When the SNTP server IP setting is changed the IED must be rebooted to activate the new IP address IRIG B time synchronization requires the IRIG B format B000 B001 with IEEE 1344 extensions The synchronization time can be either UTC time or local time As no reboot is necessary the time synchronization starts immediately after the IRIG B sync source is selected and the IRIG B signal source is connected ABB has tested the IRIG B with the following clock masters e Tekron TTMOI GPS clock with IRIG B output e Meinberg TCG511 controlled by GPS167 e Datum ET6000L REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 4 4 REF615 Application Manual Section 4 Basic functions input The applicable COM card alternatives are COMB03A COMBO07A COMB11A COMB12A COMBI3A or COMBIAA H IRIG B time synchronization requires a COM card with an IRIG B Parameter setting groups There are four IED variant specific setting groups For each setting group the p
114. hing resistor may be temporarily out of operation To keep the protection scheme selective it is necessary to update the characteristic angle setting accordingly This is done with an auxiliary input in the relay which receives 100 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 5 Protection functions a signal from an auxiliary switch of the disconnector of the Petersen coil in compensated networks or of the earthing resistor in earthed networks As a result the characteristic angle is set automatically to suit the earthing method used The RCA CTL input can be used to change the Ig characteristic Table 45 Relay characteristic angle control in losin p and Igcos p operation criteria Operation criteria setting RCA_CTL FALSE RCA_CTL TRUE losin q Actual operation criteria Igsin Actual operation criteria locos q locos q Actual operation Actual operation criteria losin p criteria lgcos q Table 46 Characteristic angle control in phase angle operation mode Characteristic RCA CTL FALSE RCA CTL TRUE angle setting 90 RCA 90 RCA 0 0 RCA 0 RCA 90 Usage of the extended phase angle characteristic In addition to the RCA_CTL input the extended phase angle characteristic can be used to disconnect the compensation coil in compensated networks When the extended operation area is used the operation area is wide enough to detect earth faults selectively in co
115. hod to do reclose attempts shots to restore the power system sequence SOTF If the protection detects a fault immediately after an open circuit breaker has been closed it indicates that the fault was already there It can be for example a forgotten earthing after maintenance work Such closing of the circuit breaker is known as switch on to fault Autoreclosing in such conditions is prohibited final trip Occurs in case of a permanent fault when the circuit breaker is opened for the last time after all programmed auto reclose operations Since no auto reclosing follows the circuit breaker remains open This is called final trip or definite trip Shot initiation In some applications the START signal is used for initiating or blocking autoreclose shots in other applications the OPERATE command is needed In its simplest the auto reclose function is initiated after the protection has detected a fault issued a trip and opened the breaker One input is enough for initiating the function The function consists of six individual initiation lines INIT 1 INIT 2 NIT 6 and delayed initiation lines DEL INIT x The user can use as many of the initiation lines as required Using only one line makes setting easier whereas by using multiple lines higher functionality can be achieved Basically there are no differences between the initiation lines except that the lines 2 3 and 4 have the delayed initiatio
116. i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i MASTER TRIP 2 AE i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i E R s See Figure 12 Master trip The operate signals from the protections described above are connected to the two trip output contacts PO3 X100 16 19 and PO4 X100 20 23 via the corresponding Master Trips TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 The open control commands to the circuit breaker from local or remote CBXCBR1 exe_op or from the auto recloser DARRECI open cb are connected directly to the output PO3 X100 16 19 The TRPPTRC1 and 2 blocks provide the lockout latching function event generation and the trip signal duration setting If the lockout operation mode is selected one binary input can bere assigned to the RST LKOUT input ofthe Master Trip to enable external reset with a push button REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL AND INTERLOCKING Always true l CBXCBR1 exe opi i CBXCBR1 j l ENA_OPEN SELECTED l i amp ENA_CLOSE EXE OP 1 i TRPPTRCt tip B T TRPPTRC2 trip 96 EXE_OP CLOSEPOS paapaa L i Bec oos 1 X100 i BI 3 CB Open OPENPOS OPENENAD OR PO1 B ees cs BI2 CB
117. ia a binary input connect a free binary input with SMT to the ActSG input of the SGCB block Table 11 Binary input states and corresponding active setting groups BI State Active setting group OFF 1 ON 2 The active setting group defined by a parameter is overridden when a binary input is enabled for changing the active setting group EARTH FAULT PROTECTION EFLPTOC1 b gt 51N 1 10 START BLOCK OPERATE ENA_MULT Peruana Y EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 51N 2 10 START BLOCK OPERATE 34 ENA MULT OR Pf LED2 EF OPERATE EFIPTOC1 lo gt gt gt 50N 10 START BLOCK OPERATE ENA MULT SENSITIVE EARTH FAULT PROTECTION EFLPTOC2 gt lo 51N 1 10 START mock opere p LED3 SEF OPERATE ENA MULT Figure 32 Non directional earth fault protection Four stages are offered for non directional earth fault protection One stage is dedicated to sensitive earth fault protection All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 2 is used for directional earth fault and LED 3 for the sensitive earth fault protection operate indication 65 Section 3 REF615 variants 66 1MRS756378 PHASE DISCONTINUITY PROTECTION PDNSPTOC1 b h 46PD 3 START BLOCK OPERATE LED4 NPS P
118. ia the corresponding Master Trips TRPPTRCI and TRPPTRC2 The open control commands to the circuit breaker from local or remote CBXCBR1 exe_op or from the auto recloser DARRECI open cb are connected directly to the output PO3 X100 16 19 The TRPPTRC 1 and 2 blocks provide the lockout latching function event generation and the trip signal duration setting In case the lockout operation mode is selected the binary input 4 X120 5 6 1s assigned to the RST LKOUT input of the Master Trip to enable external reset with a push button 59 Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL AND INTERLOCKING Always true i i i i i l IIS p CBXCBR1 exe op i CBXCBR1 ENA OPEN SELECTED i 8 ENACLOSE EXE OP R BLK_OPEN EXE_CL i TRPPTRC1 trip q BLK CLOSE OPENPOS i ip i eco cioseros __ a TRPRTRC2 fip EXE_CL OKPOS 1 X100 BI3 CB Open OPENPOS OPENENAD OR PO1 1g BI 2 CB Closed p CLOSEPOS CLOSE ENAD ar Close CB ITL_BYPASS i l i i i DARREC1 close cb i i ena open i ena close i a RERO CEP pP HP TCR RES Si Figure 29 Circuit breaker control The ENA CLOSE input that is enable the closing of the circuit breaker in the breaker control function block CBXCBR is a combination of the status of the Master Trip The open operation is always enabled If the ENA CLOSE
119. iants 3 4 3 4 1 3 4 2 38 1MRS756378 e start of any protection function SO1 X100 10 12 operation trip of any protection function SO2 X100 13 15 The TPGAPC1 is a timer and used for setting the minimum pulse length for the outputs There are four generic timers TPGAPCI 4 available in the IED The remaining ones not described in the functional diagram are available in SMT for connection where applicable Standard configuration B including directional earth fault protection and CB condition monitoring Applications The standard configuration for directional earth fault protection is mainly intended for cable and overhead line feeder applications in isolated and resonant earthed distribution networks The IED with this standard configuration 1s delivered from the factory with default settings and parameters The end user flexibility for incoming outgoing and internal signal designation within the IED enables this configuration to be further adapted to different primary circuit layouts and the related functionality needs by modifying the internal functionality with SMT and PST Functions Table 6 Functions included in the REF615 standard configuration with directional earth fault protection Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Three phase non directional overcurrent PHLPTOC1 3l 51P 1 protection low stage Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC1 31 gt gt 1 51P 2 1 protection high s
120. idual voltage exceed the set limits and the angle between them is inside the set operating sector The operate time characteristic for low stage DEFLPDEF and high stage DEFHPDEF can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT In the DT mode the function operates after a predefined operate time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired Directional earth fault principles In many cases it is difficult to achieve selective earth fault protection based on the magnitude of residual current only To obtain a selective earth fault protection scheme it is necessary to take the phase angle of Ig into account This is done by comparing the phase angle of Io to that of the residual voltage Uo Directional earth fault protection in an isolated neutral network In isolated networks there is no intentional connection between the system neutral point and earth The only connection is through the line to earth capacitances Co of phases and leakage resistances Ro This means that the residual current is mainly capacitive and has a phase shift of 90 degrees compared to the residual voltage Consequently the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 90 degrees and the operation criteria to Igsin
121. if it detects the next successive transients and the counter value is correct The function sends a trip command to the circuit breaker regarding the faulty feeder accordingly H The requirement that one additional transient is needed after the operate delay time is exceeded can cause additional operate time delays However this functionality is implemented to prevent unwanted trips COMP COIL Re T FEEDER FEEDER MEAS P Uo o INCOMER y counter pos max count j Teror loj lov o o transient detection j E I HF HF transient detection v 1 counter neg max count v Fault drop off time j Point 0 Figure 48 Intermittent earth fault situation in neutral compensated network 106 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 5 Protection functions Transient earth fault in networks Transient earth fault is a special type of fault which can be detected by using the INTRPTEF function in transient mode In this mode the fault direction is detected from the first transient pulse in the residual current The algorithm requires also the residual voltage to exceed the set value The function starts when the transient is detected in the set direction and the residual voltage is over the set limit The function stays in the start state as long as the residual voltage limit is exceeded When INTRPTEF has started and the operate delay time has elapsed the function operates and sends a trip command t
122. ification UO ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number UO 9 1 5 Functions The three phase current measurement function CMM XU is used for monitoring and metering the phase currents of the power system The residual current measurement function RESCMM XU is used for monitoring and metering the residual current of the power system The sequence current measurement CSMSQL is used for monitoring and metering the phase sequence currents The residual voltage measurement function RESVMMXU is used for monitoring and metering the residual voltage of the power system The information of the measured quantity is available for the operator both locally in LHMI and remotely to a network control center via communication 9 1 6 Measurement function applications The measurement functions are used for power system measurement supervision and reporting to LHMI a monitoring tool within PCM600 or to the station level for example via IEC 61850 The possibility to continuously monitor the measured values of active power reactive power currents voltages frequency power factors and so on is vital for efficient production transmission and distribution of electrical energy It provides a fast and easy overview of the present status of the power system to the system operator Additionally it can be used during testing and commissioning of protection and control relays to verify the proper operation and connection of instrument transformers that is cur
123. ilure protection trip to upstream breaker X100 8 9 X100 PO3 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 1 X100 16 17 18 19 X100 PO4 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 2 X100 20 21 22 23 X100 SO1 General Start Indication X100 10 11 12 X100 SO2 General Operate Indication X100 13 14 15 X110 SO1 Upstream Overcurrent Blocking X110 14 15 16 X110 SO2 Overcurrent Operate Alarm X110 17 18 19 X110 SO3 Earth fault Operate Alarm X110 20 21 22 LED Default usage 1 Non Directional Overcurrent Operate 2 Directional Intermittent Earth fault Operate 3 Double Cross country Earth fault Operate 4 Negative Seq Overcurrent Phase Discontinuity Operate 5 Thermal Overload Alarm 6 Breaker Failure Operate 7 Disturbance Recorder Triggered 8 Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring Alarm 9 Trip Circuit Supervision Alarm 10 ARC Protection Operate 11 Auto Reclose Sequence in Progress 3 4 3 Functional diagrams The functional diagrams describe the default input output alarm LED and function to function connections The default connections can be viewed with SMT and changed according to the application requirements if necessary The analog channels measurements from CTs and VTs have fixed connections towards the different function blocks inside the IED s standard configuration Exceptions from this rule are the 12 analog channels available for the disturbance recorder function These channels are freely selectable and a part of the disturbance recorder s parameter settings thus
124. in start up situations to multiply the current start value setting in each particular relay where the inrush current can occur The overcurrent and contact based circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF is used to confirm the protection scheme in case of circuit breaker malfunction i 1 PTA 1 m A e Eere E ipee ipee J _ E enteros eueroo 1 i oeme oore H N deme Cierva H MEASUREMENT OUTGOING OUTGOING BUS TIE MEASUREMENT INCOMING INCOMING GEI f l ONE jL PhieToc i mA mA Mej j PHHPTOC i ccenenr Figure 39 Example of traditional time selective transformer overcurrent protection The operating times of the main and back up overcurrent protection of the above scheme become quite long this applies especially in the busbar faults and also in the transformer LV terminal faults In order to improve the performance of the above scheme a multiple stage overcurrent protection with reverse blocking is proposed Figure 40 shows this arrangement Transformer and busbar overcurrent protection with reverse blocking principle By implementing a full set of overcurrent protection stages and blocking channels between the protection stages of the incoming feeders bus tie and outgoing feeders it is possible to speed up the operation of overcurrent protection in the busbar and transformer LV
125. ing broken conductor fault in phase A Arc protection ARCSARC Identification Table 50 Function identification IEC 61850 identification ARCSARC IEC 60617 identification ARC ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 50L 50NL Functionality The arc protection ARCSARC detects arc situations in air insulated metal clad switchgears caused by for example human errors during maintenance or insulation breakdown during operation The function detects light from an arc either locally or via a remote light signal The function also monitors phase and residual currents to be able to make accurate decisions on ongoing arcing situations The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates all outputs and resets timers 111 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions 5 4 3 Application The arc protection can be realized as a stand alone function in a single relay or as a station wide arc protection including several protection relays If realized as a station wide arc protection different tripping schemes can be selected for the operation ofthe circuit breakers ofthe incoming and outgoing feeders Consequently the relays in the station can for example be set to trip the circuit breaker of either the incoming or the outgoing feeder depending on the fault location in the switchgear For maximum safety the relays can be set to always trip both the circuit breaker of the incoming feeder and that of the outgoing
126. ing of the line is in progress The cooling of the line is estimated by the thermal model REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 5 Protection functions 5 1 2 3 Application The lines and cables in the power system are constructed for a certain maximum load current level If the current exceeds this level the losses will be higher than expected As a consequence the temperature of the conductors will increase If the temperature of the lines and cables reaches too high values it can cause a risk of damages by for example the following ways The sag of overhead lines can reach an unacceptable value e Ifthe temperature of conductors for example aluminium conductors gets too high the material will be destroyed Incables the insulation can be damaged as a consequence of overtemperature and therefore phase to phase or phase to earth faults can occur In stressed situations in the power system the lines and cables may be required to be overloaded for a limited time This should be done without any risk for the above mentioned risks The thermal overload protection provides information that makes temporary overloading of cables and lines possible The thermal overload protection estimates the conductor temperature continuously This estimation is made by using a thermal model of the line cable that is based on the current measurement If the temperature of the protected object reaches a set warning level a signal is gi
127. inpro sis DARREC1 closecb in DARREC1 unsuc recI 4 OR BI 31 B 32 BI 1 Blocking BI 2 CB Closed BI 3 CB Open TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION TCSSCBR1 TRPPTRC1 trip OR BLOCK ALARM TRPPTRC2 trip OR pf LED9 TCS ALARM TCSSCBR2 BLOCK ALARM Figure 19 Disturbance recorder The disturbance recorder has 64 digital inputs out of which 32 are connected as a default All start and operate signals from the protection stages are routed to trigger the disturbance recorder or alternatively only to be recorded by the disturbance recorder depending on the parameter settings Additionally the selected auto recloser the ARC protection signals and the three binary inputs from X120 are also connected REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 3 4 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants Two separate TCS functions have been included TCSSCBRI for PO3 X100 16 19 and TCSSCBR2 for PO4 X100 20 23 Both functions are blocked by the Master Trip TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 and the circuit breaker open position signal The TCS alarm indication is connected to LED 9 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking MASTER TRIP 1 PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOCA operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate DEFLPDEFA operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF operate INTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOC1 ope
128. intermittent earth fault protection function for the corresponding feeder INTRPTEF can be used in parallel with non directional and directional earth fault functions The function can reliably detect whether the fault is in the forward or reverse area when looking from the feeder s perspective In case of a forward type 105 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions fault that is when the fed cable is faulty a trip signal is sent to the circuit breaker In case of a reverse type fault meaning that the fault is on some other feeders the BLK EF output is activated for a fixed time of 25 ms This signal can be used for blocking the earth fault functions to prevent erroneous trips when the function is set to operate with Intermittent EF mode In the following example an intermittent earth fault situation is shown in a neutral compensated network The faulty feeder feeder feeds the fault current to the fault point In the healthy feeder feeder v the fault current is also detected but the direction is reverse INTRPTEF detects transients in the residual current and residual voltage signals in forward direction in the feeder The adjustable drop off timer starts counting when a transient is detected When the number of transients occurring within the drop off time meets the set limit the function starts and stays active until transients are no longer detected When the operate delay time has elapsed INTRPTEF operates
129. ip i i i l i i 1 i i BI3 CBOpen l i BI2 CB Closed i DARRECA close cb i l i l MEE CB CONDITION MONITORING i i ME SSCBRI i Po Stock TRV T OP ALM i POSOPEN TRV T CL ALM i BI3 POSCLOSE DIFTRVTOPALM GAS pressure Alarm l 5s PRES ALM IN DIFTRVTCLALM i K SON en i i 4 ji ro 2814 Ele pura OR LED8 CB COND MONITOR CB Spring Charged 7 etl RST IPOW IPOW AM i Tain RST_CB_WEAR IPOW_LO i i cB Ure AM i l MON am i i PRES ALM i i PRES LO i OPENPOS INTERMPOS i i cLosePos i i ena open l ena close i Figure 21 Circuit breaker control There are three disconnector status blocks DCSXSWII 3 available in the IED The remaining two not described in the functional diagram are available in SMT for connection where applicable The binary inputs 5 and 6 ofthe additional card X110 are used for busbar disconnector DCSXSWII or circuit breaker truck position indication Primary device position Input to be energized Input 5 X110 8 9 Input 6 X110 10 9 Busbar disconnector closed X Busbar disconnector open X CB truck in service position X CB truck in test position X The binary inputs 7 and 8 X110 1 13 are for the position indication of the line side earthing switch The circuit breaker closing is enabled when the ENA CLOSE input is activated This can be done by the configuration logic which is a combination of the disconnector or
130. ipping during magnetizing inrush conditions A typical example of an inrush detector application is doubling the Start value of an overcurrent protection during inrush detection The inrush detection function can be used to selectively block overcurrent and earth fault function stages when the ratio of second harmonic component over the fundamental component exceeds the set value Other applications of this function include the detection of inrush in lines connected to a transformer 117 Section 6 1MRS756378 Protection related functions nl ih TI _2H ii A ADUANA MI soU 2 ln Ratio NOCET 2H I 1H 2H 1 1H BLK2H Figure 55 Inrush current in transformer 6 2 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF 6 2 1 Identification Table 52 Function identification IEC 61850 identification CCBRBRF IEC 60617 identification 3l gt l gt BF ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 51BF 51NBF 6 2 2 Functionality The breaker failure function CCBRBRF is activated by trip commands from the protection functions The commands are either internal commands to the terminal or 118 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 6 2 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 6 Protection related functions external commands through binary inputs The start command is always a default for three phase operation CCBRBRF includes a three phase conditional or unconditional re trip function and also a three phase
131. ircuit breaker maintenance The last value of the spring charging time can be used as a service value Gas pressure supervision The gas pressure supervision monitors the gas pressure inside the arc chamber When the pressure becomes too low compared to the required value the circuit breaker operations are locked A binary input is available based on the pressure levels in the function and alarms are generated based on these inputs REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 9 9 1 9 1 1 1 9 1 2 1 9 1 3 1 9 1 4 9 1 4 1 REF615 Application Manual Section 9 Measurement functions Measurement functions Basic measurements Three phase current CMMXU Identification Table 57 Function identification IEC 61850 identification CMMXU IEC 60617 identification 3l ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 3l Neutral current RESCMMXU Identification Table 58 Function identification IEC 61850 identification RESCMMXU IEC 60617 identification 10 ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 10 Sequence current CSMSQI Identification Table 59 Function identification IEC 61850 identification CSMSQI IEC 60617 identification 11 12 10 ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 11 12 10 Residual voltage RESVMMXU Identification 137 Section 9 1MRS756378 Measurement functions Table 60 Function identification IEC 61850 identification RESVMMXU IEC 60617 ident
132. ity is based on the measurement of the active current component This means that the residual current is mainly resistive and has zero phase shift compared to the residual voltage and the characteristic angle is 0 degrees Often the magnitude of this component is small and must be increased by means of a parallel resistor in the compensation equipment In networks where the neutral point is earthed through low resistance the characteristic angle is also 0 degrees for phase angle Alternatively Ipcos operation can be used In solidly earthed network the characteristic angle is 60 degrees for phase angle Alternatively Igsin q operation can be used though phase angle is recommended Connection of measuring transformers in directional earth fault applications The Residual current Ip can be measured with a core balance current transformer or the residual connection of the phase current signals If the neutral of the network is either isolated or earthed with high impedance a core balance current transformer is recommended to be used in earth fault protection To ensure sufficient accuracy of residual current measurements and consequently the selectivity of the scheme the core balance current transformers should have a transformation ratio of at least 70 1 Lower transformation ratios such as 50 1 or 50 5 are not recommended Attention should be paid to make sure the measuring transformers are connected correctly so that DEFxPDEF is a
133. l IEDs When using several IEDs the IED protecting the outgoing feeder trips the circuit breaker of the outgoing feeder when detecting an arc at the cable terminations If the IED protecting the outgoing feeder detects an arc on the busbar or in the breaker compartment via one of the other lens sensors it will generate a signal to the IED protecting the incoming feeder When detecting the signal the IED protecting the incoming feeder trips the circuit breaker of the incoming feeder and generates an external trip signal to all IEDs protecting the outgoing feeders which in turn results in tripping of all circuit breakers of the outgoing feeders For maximum safety the 113 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions IEDs can be configured to trip all the circuit breakers regardless of where the arc is detected E S01 Figure 53 Arc protection with several IEDs Arc protection with several IEDs and a separate arc protection system When realizing an arc protection with both IEDs and a separate arc protection system the cable terminations of the outgoing feeders are protected by IEDs using one lens sensor for each IED The busbar and the incoming feeder are protected by the sensor loop of the separate arc protection system With arc detection at the cable terminations an IED trips the circuit breaker of the outgoing feeder However when detecting an arc on the busbar the separate arc protecti
134. l hundred times Ip depending on the impedance ofthe transformer and the source impedance ofthe feeding network From this point of view it is clear that the operation must be both very fast and selective which is usually achieved by using coarse current settings The purpose is also to protect the transformer from short circuits occurring outside the protection zone that is through faults Transformer overcurrent protection also provides protection for the LV side busbars In this case the magnitude of the fault current is typically lower than 12xI depending on the fault location and transformer impedance Consequently the protection must operate as fast as possible taking into REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions account the selectivity requirements switching in currents and the thermal and mechanical withstand of the transformer and outgoing feeders Traditionally overcurrent protection of the transformer has been arranged as shown in Figure 39 The low set stage PHLPTOC operates time selectively both in transformer and LV side busbar faults The high set stage PHHPTOC operates instantaneously making use of current selectivity only in transformer HV side faults If there is a possibility that the fault current can also be fed from the LV side up to the HV side the transformer must also be equipped with LV side overcurrent protection Inrush current detectors are used
135. latched mode 2 Non latched blinking mode 3 Latched mode 4 Latched blinking mode Table 17 Authorization settings Parameter Values Range Default Description Local override 0 False 1 True Disable authority 1 True Remote override 0 False 1 True Disable authority 1 True Local viewer 0 Set password Local operator 0 Set password Local engineer 0 Set password Local admin 0 Set password Remote viewer 0 Set password Remote operator 0 Set password Remote engineer 0 Set password Remote admin 0 Set password 1 Authorization override is disabled LHMI password must be entered REF615 Application Manual 75 Section 4 Basic functions 2 Authorization override is enabled LHMI password is not asked 3 Authorization override is disabled communication tools ask password to enter the IED 4 Authorization override is enabled communication tools do not need password to enter the IED except for WHMI which always requires it 1MRS756378 Table 18 Binary input settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Threshold voltage 18 176 Vde 2 18 Digital input threshold voltage Input osc level 2 50 1 30 Digital input oscillation suppression threshold Input osc hyst 2 50 1 10 Digital input oscillation suppression hysteresis Table 19 Ethernet front port settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step
136. le These features are needed especially in modern remote controlled substations The application area of DCSXSWI and ESSXSWI functions covers remote and local status indication of for example disconnectors air break switches and earthing switches which represent the lowest level of power switching devices without short circuit breaking capability Interaction between control modules A typical substation feeder with IED control function consists of a combination of logical nodes or functions 143 Section 10 1MRS756378 Control functions CONTROL Local Remote Select request handling handling Reservation fesponse BLOCk T t PHxPTOC TRPPTRC l Over current Trip logic v v Reservation CBXCBR Circuit breaker control fegues SEL EGTED x lt 5 DARREC Close enable p Auto reclosure Position AN w e ae DCSXSWI i Pos from Interlocking Disconnector status indication other bays logic Position Position ESSXSWI Earthing switch status indication Figure 69 Example overview of interactions between functions in a typical distribution feeder The circuit breaker control function CBXCBR is the process interface to the circuit breaker for IED control The circuit switch DCSXSWI is the process interface to the disconnector switch for the IED status indication The earthing switch ESSXSWI is the process interface to the earthing switch
137. lso CBBs that are set for shots 3 4 and 5 are accepted In other words shot 2 can be ignored In case there are multiple CBBs allowed for execution the CBB with the smallest number is chosen For example if CBB2 and CBB4 request an execution CBB2 is allowed to execute the shot The auto reclose function can perform up to five auto reclose shots or cycles Configuration examples OR CB_TRIP PHHPTOC DARREC LA OPERATE Li INIT_1 OPEN_CB LB START L INIT 2 CLOSE CB CB CLOSE INIT 3 CMD WAIT Le INIT_4 PROT_CRD BLOCK INIT 5 PROT DISA INIT 6 INPRO ENA MULT DEL INIT 2 LOCKED DEL INIT 3 UNSUC_RECL DEL_INIT_4 AR_ON PHLPTOC BLK_RECL_T LA OPERATE BLK RCLM T LB START BLK_THERM CB POS Le CB_READY BLOCK DISA_COUNT INC_SHOTP ENS MPET INHIBIT_RECL RECL_ON SYNC EFLPTOC lo OPERATE BLOCK START ENA_MULT Circuit breaker position information from binary input Conditions to verify if circuit breaker is ready to be reclosed Figure 72 Example connection between protection and auto reclose functions in IED configuration It is possible to create several sequences for a configuration Auto reclose sequences for overcurrent and non directional earth fault protection applications where high speed and delayed auto reclosings are needed can be as follows 149 Section 10 Control functions 150 1MRS756378 Example 1 The sequence is implemented by two shots which have the s
138. lt current at the end of line type 1 0 1 Operation characteristics during normal operation i is Rated current of incoming feeder i Operation characteristics during ms gt 9 Rated current of line type 2 inrush situation i 0 j i o i 1 OO 2 Rated current of line type 1 f 1 f 7 1 App 1 t e i ft a Maximum load current of outgoing feeder 10 10 protection Three phase thermal overload protection for overhead lines and cables TTPTTR Identification Table 42 Function identification IEC 61850 identification T1PTTR IEC 60617 identification 3lth gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 49F Functionality The increased utilization of power systems closer to the thermal limits has generated a need for a thermal overload function also for power lines A thermal overload is in some cases not detected by other protection functions and the introduction of the thermal overload function T1 PTTR allows the protected circuit to operate closer to the thermal limits An alarm level gives an early warning to allow operators to take action before the line trips The early warning is based on the three phase current measuring function using a thermal model with first order thermal loss with the settable time constant If the temperature rise continues the function will operate based on the thermal model of the line Re energizing of the line after the thermal overload operation can be inhibited during the time the cool
139. measuring condition monitoring disturbance recording control and interlocking perspective Diagrams show the default functionality with simple symbol logics forming principle diagrams The external connections to primary devices are also shown stating the default connections to measuring transformers The positive measuring direction of directional protection functions is towards the outgoing feeder The functional diagrams are divided into sections which each constitute one functional entity The external connections are also divided into sections Only the relevant connections for a particular functional entity are presented in each section Protection function blocks are part of the functional diagram They are identified based on their IEC 61850 name but the IEC based symbol and the ANSI function number are also included Some function blocks such as PHHPTOC are used several times in the configuration To separate the blocks from each other the IEC 61850 name IEC symbol and ANSI function number are appended with a running number that is an instance number from one upwards If the block has no suffix after the IEC or ANSI symbol the function block has been used that is instantiated only once The IED s internal functionality and the external connections are separated with a dashed line presenting the IED s physical casing 23 Section 3 REF615 variants 3 2 1 24 1MRS756378 Signal Matrix Tool With SMT the user can mo
140. meter settings Additionally the selected auto 35 Section 3 REF615 variants 3 3 3 3 36 1MRS756378 recloser the ARC protection signals and the three binary inputs from X120 are also connected Two separate TCS functions have been included TCSSCBRI for PO3 X100 16 19 and TCSSCBR2 for PO4 X100 20 23 Both functions are blocked by the Master Trip and the circuit breaker open position signal The TCS alarm indication is connected to LED 9 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking PHLPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate NSPTOCH1 operate NSPTOC2 operate DEFLPDEF1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF1 operate i16 OR TRPPTRC1 Bos UA Open CB BLOCK TRIP trip coil 1 OR b TCS1 4 INTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOCH operate PDNSPTOCH1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate DARRECH1 open cb CBXCBR1 exe op PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOCH1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate 2 Open CB OR TRPPTRC2 PO4 ee i trip coil 2 BLOCK TRIP NSPTOC1 operate NSPTOC2 operate DEFLPDEF1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate TCS2 4 pee ee DEFHPDEF operate INTRPTEF1 operate EFHPTOC1 operate PDNSPTOC1 operate CCRBRF 1 trret ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate i
141. mpensated networks regardless of whether the compensation coil is connected or not Therefore the RCA_CTL input is not required if the extended operation area is used Sometimes the distance between the start point and the IED is long which makes it impractical to apply the scheme based on signal wiring between the relay and the Petersen coil or the earthing resistor This is the case for instance when a directional earth fault relay is used in an MV switching substation some kilometers from the HV MV substation in which the earthing facilities are located Another example is when HV MV substations are connected in parallel but located far from each other It is easy to give the tripping sector such a width that all possible directions of the Io phasors of a faulty line are covered by one and the same sector Thus the problem of setting the characteristic angle according to the earthing status of the network is easily solved There is no need to change any settings when a Petersen coil or an earthing resistor is switched on or off Auxiliary switches and other pieces of extra hardware are no longer required for ensuring the selectivity of the directional earth fault protection REF615 101 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions 5 2 2 4 102 1MRS756378 RCA 0 Positive operation sector Negative operation sector Max forward angle Current start value Min forward angle Figure
142. n INTRPTEF is a dedicated earth fault function to operate in intermittent and transient earth faults occurring in distribution and sub transmission networks The function has selectable modes for corresponding fault types As the function has a dedicated purpose for these fault types fast detection and clearance of the faults can be achieved Intermittent earth fault in compensated networks An intermittent earth fault is a special type of fault that is encountered especially in compensated networks with underground cables With underground distribution cables the wire insulators may get damaged due to short transients in Ig and rapid changes in Ug caused by water creating a connection between the connector and the ground This can be characterized as a series of cable insulation breakdowns because of the reduced voltage withstand gt 1 L 0 05 0 1 0 15 02 0 25 Figure 47 Typical intermittent earth fault residual current and residual voltage signals on a faulty feeder Intermittent earth fault transients cause damping sinusoidal residual voltage In case of successive intermittent transients the residual voltage level may continuously stay high The substation residual voltage has usually been used in the substation back up protection for feeder earth faults when it is applied to the trip feeders feeding the busbar In intermittent earth fault situations this may cause the back up protection to trip without the dedicated
143. n DEL INIT inputs and lines 1 5 and 6 do not REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 10 Control functions Figure 70 Simplified CBB initiation diagram INIT 1 6 initiation lines CBB1 CBB2 first two cycle building blocks The operation of a CBB consists of two parts initiation and execution In the initiation part the status of the initiation lines is compared to the CBB settings In order to allow the initiation at any of the initiation line activation the corresponding switch in the Init signals CBB_ parameter must be set to TRUE In order to block the initiation the corresponding switch in the B k signals CBB_ parameter must be set to TRUE If any ofthe initiation lines set with the Init signals CBB parameter is active and no initiation line causes blocking the CBB requests for execution REF615 147 Application Manual Section 10 1MRS756378 Control functions Init signals CBB_ CBB Shot execution Blk signals CBB _ Figure 71 Simplified CBB diagram Each CBB has individual nit signals CBB_ and Blk signals CBB_ settings Therefore each initiation line can be used for both initiating and blocking any or all auto reclose shots Other conditions that must be fulfilled before any CBB can be initiated are for example the closed position of the circuit breaker 10 4 3 2 Sequence The auto reclose sequence is implemented by using CBBs The highest po
144. n Directional Earth fault Operate Sensitive Earth fault Operate Negative Seq Overcurrent Phase Discontinuity Operate Thermal Overload Alarm Breaker Failure Operate Disturbance Recorder Triggered Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring Alarm O MINIO aA RI w nrn Trip Circuit Supervision Alarm o ARC Protection Operate Auto Reclose Sequence in Progress 3 6 3 Functional diagrams The functional diagrams describe the default input output alarm LED and function to function connections The default connections can be viewed with SMT and changed according to the application requirements if necessary The analog channels measurements from CTs and VTs have fixed connections towards the different function blocks inside the IED s standard configuration Exceptions from this rule are the 12 analog channels available for the disturbance recorder function These channels are freely selectable and a part of the disturbance recorder s parameter settings thus not included in the SMT functionality The analog channels are assigned to different functions as shown in the functional diagrams The common signal marked with 31 represents the three phase currents The signal marked with Ip represents the measured residual current via a summation connection of the phase current transformers 3 6 3 1 Functional diagrams for protection The following functional diagrams describe the IED s
145. n Manual Section 3 REF615 variants A dedicated non directional earth fault protection block EFHPTOC is intended for protection against double earth fault situations in isolated or compensated networks This protection function uses the calculated residual current originating from the phase currents All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 2 is used for directional earth fault and LED 3 for double earth fault protection operate indication PHASE DISCONTINUITY PROTECTION PDNSPTOC1 blh 46PD DF LED4 NPS PD OPERATE THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION T1IPTTR1 302 49F 3 OPERATE A aarm BS LED5 OVERLOAD ALARM BLK OPR BLK CLOSE ENA MULT START BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION CCBRBRF1 3I gt l gt BF oe PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate PHIPTOC1 operate DEFLPDEF2 operate DEFHPDEF 1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate 51BF 51NBF 3l TRRET 10 TRBU OR START CB FAULT AL POSCLOSE As Sf LED6 CBFP OPERATE CB FAULT BLOCK ARCSARC 3 operate Ex eL PO2 L x100 a E Circuit Breaker failure 8 BI 2 CB Closed 9 protection trip to __ upstream breaker Figure 9 Phase discontinuity thermal overload and circuit breaker failure protection The phase discontinuity protection PDNPSTOC1 provides protection for interruptions in the normal three phase load supply
146. n is connected to the Master Trip and also to an alarm LED LED 4 is used for the phase discontinuity protection operate indication the same as for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication and LED 5 is used for the thermal overload protection alarm indication The breaker failure protection CCBRBRF1 is initiated via the start input by a number of different protection stages in the IED The breaker failure protection function offers different operating modes associated with the circuit breaker position and the measured phase and residual currents The breaker failure protection has two operating outputs TRRET and TRBU The TRRET operate output is used for re tripping its own breaker through the Master Trip 2 The TRBU output is used to give a back up trip to the breaker feeding upstream For this purpose the TRBU operate output signal is connected to the output PO2 X100 8 9 LED 6 is used for back up TRBU operate indication REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual HIPTOC1 operate HHPTOC2 operate HHPTOC1 operate FLPTOC1 operate FHPTOC1 operate mITUUUu DSNPTOC1 operate SPTOC1 operate SPTOC2 operate BXCBR1 selected RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate DPPOZZU BI 3 CB Open OR Section 3 REF615 variants ARC PROTECTION Optional ARCSARC1 ARC 1 EM 50L 50NL 1 31 OPERATE y e HEAT OR LED10 ARC PROTECTION REM FLT ARC OPR NODE
147. nable external reset with a push button 69 Section 3 REF615 variants 70 Always true s i X110i DCSXSWI1 ig qr og OPENPOS OPENPOS i 18 BI 5 CB Truck in i 3 gt CLOSEPOS CLOSEPOS Service position 9 FT K okPos i Ec M i i i CB Truck out Test position H 7 v o 11 Earthing Switch Close i i TN ESSXSWI1 1 BI8 i gt gt OPENPOS OPENPOS Earthing Switch Open 43 4 K CLOSEPOS CLOSEPOS i OKPOS TRPPTRC1 trip 4 TRPPTRC2 trip NE m N a ENA_OPEN BLK_OPEN EXE OP EXE CL OPENPOS CLOSEPOS BI 3 CB Open BI 2 CB Closed DARREC 1 close cb CBXCBR1 ENA CLOSE IL BYPASS 1MRS756378 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL AND INTERLOCKING SELECTED EXE OP EXE CL 8LK CLOSE OPENPOS as L E EE okPos 100 OPEN ENAD OR PO1 6 CLOSE ENAD 7i SSCBR1 stock TRV_T OP ALM POSOPEN TROL AL i POSCLOSE DIFTRVTOPALM GAS pressure Alarm i 5 VA Bl 3 PRES_ALM_IN DIFTRVTCLALM 1 6 PRES LO IN SPR CHR ALM i Q SPR CHR ST OPR ALM Pod BI4 SPR_CHR opr Lo f CB Spring Charged 7 y k RST_ POW IPOW_ALM prse RST CB WEAR IPOW LO CB LIFE ALM l MON ALM i PRES_ALM l PRES LO OPENPOS l INTERMPOS CLOSEPOS ena o
148. nbalance protectiON oooocociccinnnnoononccnncnnccnnccnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnns 108 Negative phase sequence current protection NSPTOC 108 Identification EE 108 F nctionality 2 reas cs 108 Application ere eer ee at na ates 108 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC ssssse 109 Identificate e reete o e e ete 109 F nctlonality 2 22 3 ttn dete repe eter tete Cena PERRA 109 Application reaccionar de nee dedi suet 109 Are protection ARGSARQG rettet eaethab et tent tabs 111 Identifica 111 F nctionality comicidad 111 Applicati N otras ine m ne ten aetna 112 Section 6 Protection related functions 117 Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR sseseeeeeeeeeesee 117 Identiflcatlon n e t ttal ta isst teda 117 Functionality cec deett ete e er ieee e 117 povereJ Terz lio PEE 117 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRP ceeeeee 118 REF615 3 Application Manual Table of contents Identification irc ids uhep etek ideam 118 Functionality 2 2 iniciacion bendita duas 118 Application 20d ie 119 Protection trip conditioning TRPPTRC sseee 120 Identification eet re e aet etes 120 F nctiorialiby 2 3 2n ats setae tvi tetuer ba Dureske tds 120 Application Accs oleae o aro e e nnn dedo oes 121 Section 7 Supervision functions
149. not included in the SMT functionality The analog channels are assigned to different functions as shown in the functional diagrams The common signal marked with 31 represents the three phase currents The signal marked with Ip represents the measured residual current via a core balance CT The signal marked with Up represents the measured residual voltage via open delta connected VTs 40 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants The EFHPTOC protection function block for double cross country earth faults uses the calculated residual current originating from the measured phase currents 3 4 3 1 Functional diagrams for protection The following functional diagrams describe the IED s protection functionality in detail and according to the factory set default connections in SMT L1 L2 L3 OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND INRUSH INDICATION PHLPTOC1 3 l gt BI 1 Blocking eal ee aida rere 3 HH ENA MULT j BI 2 CB Closed Y iH 4 L amp PHHPTOC1 BIS CB Open 3l 1 Lew 51P 2 1 BLOCK OPERATE ENA_MULT PHHPTOC2 ORL BY LED1 NOC OPERATE 3I 2 A 51P 2 2 P X io la st 11 START BLOCK OPERATE 14 i ENA MULT Upstream Over Current 16 Blocking PHIPTOC1 15 3l gt gt gt ES
150. o the circuit breaker The following figure shows the transient earth fault detection and operation of the INTRPTEF function Uo START OPERATE Figure 49 Transient earth fault situation and operation of INTRPTEF during a fault REF615 107 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 1 1 5 3 1 2 5 3 1 3 108 1MRS756378 Unbalance protection Negative phase sequence current protection NSPTOC Identification Table 48 Function identification IEC 61850 identification NSPTOC IEC 60617 identification 12 gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 46 Functionality The negative phase sequence current protection NSPTOC is used for increasing sensitivity to detect single phasing situations unbalanced loads due to for example broken conductors or to unsymmetrical feeder voltages The function is based on the measurement of the negative phase sequence current In a fault situation the function starts when the negative phase sequence current exceeds the set limit The operate time characteristics can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT In the DT mode the function operates after a predefined operate time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block
151. on e cereo ete UR RE RENI 141 Functi nality 2 citi etree eed rete eras e eed ee en 141 ApplicatiOh snra 5 Lec pro DLL WEE ERR aad eee ERR 141 Disconnector control DCSXSWI and earthing switch control ESSXSWI AGc d itd edo cde ertt eese ilu agate hed 142 Identification eene ete ue nc 142 Functionality 5 alli 142 4 REF615 Application Manual REF615 Application Manual Table of contents Applicat Oe oak Eaa bees eta 143 Interaction between control MOAU ES ooooooococccccccccccccccccniccncnannnns 143 Auto recloser DARREG 2 lise eto ale aides 145 Identification 145 Functional Viuda pee dates 145 ADDIIC ALON Sachececetecad DE 145 Shot initlation ceed dia 146 size oec 148 Configuration examples seeeenn 149 Delayed initiation lines sssee 152 Shot initiation from protection start signal 154 Fast trip in Switch on to fault 154 Section 11 Requirements for measurement transformers 157 Curtent transfOrtmers uct etel uiecdee tah Madesehaqedians lebt ped adesie e stead 157 Current transformer requirements for non directional overcurrent protectiON ooooococoococooaoaoaonononcnononnnnnnonononononinnnns 157 Current transformer accuracy class and accuracy limit COM A eed ieee 157 Non directional overcurrent protection 158 Example for non directional overcurrent protection
152. on system trips the circuit breaker of the incoming feeder and generates an external trip signal to all IEDs protecting the outgoing feeders which in turn results in tripping ofall circuit breakers of the outgoing feeders 114 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions S1 S2 S3 S4 Figure 54 Arc protection with several IEDs and a separate arc protection system 115 116 1MRS756378 Section 6 6 1 6 1 1 6 1 2 6 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 6 Protection related functions Protection related functions Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR Identification Table 51 Function identification IEC 61850 identification INRPHAR IEC 60617 identification 312f gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 68 Functionality The transformer inrush detection INRPHAR is used to coordinate transformer inrush situations in distribution networks Transformer inrush detection is based on the following principle the output signal BLK2H is activated once the numerically derived ratio of second harmonic current I 2H and the fundamental frequency current I 1H exceeds the set value The operate time characteristic for the function is of definite time DT type The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates all outputs and resets timers Application Transformer protections require high stability to avoid tr
153. ons 94 1MRS756378 Radial outgoing feeder over current protection The basic requirements for feeder overcurrent protection are adequate sensitivity and operation speed taking into account the minimum and maximum fault current levels along the protected line selectivity requirements inrush currents and the thermal and mechanical withstand of the lines to be protected In many cases the above requirements can be best fulfilled by using a multiple stage over current units Figure 41 shows an example of this A brief coordination study has been carried out between the incoming and outgoing feeders The protection scheme is implemented with three stage numerical over current protection where the low set stage PHLPTOC operates in IDMT mode and the two higher stages PHHPTOC and PHIPTOC in DT mode Also the thermal withstand of the line types along the feeder and maximum expected inrush currents of the feeders are shown Faults occurring near the station where the fault current levels are the highest are cleared rapidly by the instantaneous stage in order to minimize the effects of severe short circuit faults The influence of the inrush current is taken into consideration by connecting the inrush current detector to the start value multiplying input of the instantaneous stage By this way the start value is multiplied with a predefined setting during the inrush situation and nuisance tripping can be avoided REF615 Application Manual 1MRS75
154. or auto reclosing The function provides five programmable auto reclose shots which can perform one to five successive auto reclosings of desired type and duration for instance one high speed and one delayed auto reclosing When the reclosing is initiated with starting of the protection function the auto reclose function can execute the final trip ofthe circuit breaker in a short operate time provided that the fault still persists when the last selected reclosing has been carried out Application Modern electric power systems can deliver energy to users very reliably However different kind of faults can occur Protection relays play an important role in detecting failures or abnormalities in the system They detect faults and give commands for corresponding circuit breakers to isolate the defective element before excessive damage or a possible power system collapse occurs A fast isolation also limits the disturbances caused for the healthy parts of the power system The faults can be transient semi transient or permanent Permanent fault for example in power cables means that there is a physical damage in the fault location that must first be located and repaired before the network voltage can be restored In overhead lines the insulating material between phase conductors is air The majority of the faults are flash over arcing faults caused by lightning for example 145 Section 10 Control functions 10 4 3 1 146 1MRS756
155. oser DARRECI open cb are connected directly to the output PO3 X100 16 19 The TRPPTRC 1 and 2 blocks provide the lockout latching function event generation and the trip signal duration setting If the lockout operation mode is selected one binary input can be re assigned to the RST LKOUT input of the Master Trip to enable external reset with a push button 47 Section 3 REF615 variants 48 1MRS756378 tt rege eet Ree ARANA E AAA mye cc Ge ne Oh El i CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL AND INTERLOCKING i I if Always true panes i X110 cd A L CBXCBR1 exe op 1g OPENPOS OPENPOS CBXCBR1 CB Truck in 1 8 y BLS cinserce caseras i Service position 9 1 K ace ENALOPEN SELECTED i ENA CLOSE EXE OP 1 i 7 B16 BORN EXEC i CB Truck out i i ane BLKCLOSE OPENPOS 7 i Test position 10 eco cioseros L_ iom PN 7er exc o oos on 100 i l S OPENPOS OPEN ENAD OR 161 Earthing SwiteniCl se 4 t ELT CLOSEPOS CLOSE EMAD ar 7 Close CB H ESSXSWI1 ITL_BYPASS ia Ioj fy BI8 i i OPENPOS OPENPOS amp Earthing Switch Open 43 K cLoseros dL saros i EN okPos i i li i 1 TRPPTRCH trip 9 i TRPPTRC2 tr
156. pen ena close Figure 37 Circuit breaker control CB CONDITION MONITORING gt OR pf LED8 CB COND MONITOR Close CB There are three disconnector status blocks DCSXSWII 3 available in the IED The remaining two not described in the functional diagram are available in SMT for connection where applicable The binary inputs 5 and 6 of the additional card X110 are used for busbar disconnector DCSXSWII or circuit breaker truck position indication Primary device position Input to be energized Input 5 X110 8 9 Input 6 X110 10 9 CB truck in test position Busbar disconnector closed X Busbar disconnector open X CB truck in service position X The binary inputs 7 and 8 X110 1 13 are for the position indication of the line side earthing switch The circuit breaker closing is enabled when the ENA CLOSE input is activated This can be done by the configuration logic which is a combination of the disconnector or breaker truck and earthing switch position statuses and the statuses of the master REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants trip logics and gas pressure alarm and circuit breaker spring charging The OKPOS output from the DCSXSWI block defines if the disconnector or breaker truck is definitely either open in test position or close in service position This together with the open e
157. rate PDNSPTOCH1 operate ARCSARC1 operate ARCSARC2 operate ARCSARC3 operate i46 OR TRPPTRC1 p TL Open CB BLOCK TRIP OPERATE CL LKOUT OR RST_LKOUT i trip coil 1 With lock out mode selection TCS1 4 DARREC1 open cb CBXCBR1 exe op LPTOC1 operate HPTOCH1 operate HPTOC2 operate 2 i SEIN AB i Open CB OR TRPPTRC2 POS mque trip coil 2 PTOCH1 operate PTOC1 operate PTOC2 operate BLOCK TRIP OPERATE CL_LKOUT 23 i RST_LKOUT TCS2 124 With lock out mode l selection FLPDEF1 operate FLPDEF2 operate FHPDEF1 operate mmMMJVIIII ITRPTEF1 operate FHPTOC1 operate DNSPTOC1 operate CRBRF1 trret RCSARC1 operate RCSARC2 operate RCSARC3 operate gt gt gt OUMS lt UUUZZUUUU i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i MASTER TRIP 2 er i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i p Figure 20 Master trip The operate signals from the protections described above are connected to the two trip output contacts PO3 X100 16 19 and PO4 X100 20 23 via the corresponding Master Trips TRPPTRC1 and TRPPTRC2 Open control commands to the circuit breaker from local or remote CBXCBR l exe op or from the auto recl
158. re above The settings for the high set stage and instantaneous stage are defined also so that grading is ensured with the downstream protection In addition the start current settings have to be defined so that the relay operates with the minimum fault current and it does not operate with the maximum load current The settings for all three stages are as in the figure above For the application point of view the suitable setting for instantaneous stage I gt gt gt in this example is 3 500 A 5 83 x L For the CT characteristics point of view the criteria given by the current transformer selection formula is fulfilled and also the relay setting is considerably below the F In this application the CT rated burden could have been selected much lower than 10 VA for economical reasons REF615 Application Manual Section 12 REF615 Application Manual Glossary 100BASE FX 100BASE TX Al ANSI ASCII Bl BI O BO CB CBB CPU CT DT EEPROM FPGA GOOSE GPS HMI HW IEC IEC 61850 IEC 61850 8 1 IED IP address Section 12 Glossary A physical media defined in the IEEE 802 3 Ethernet standard for local area networks LANs 100BASE FX uses fiber optic cabling A physical media defined in the IEEE 802 3 Ethernet standard for local area networks LANs 100BASE TX uses twisted pair cabling category 5 or higher with RJ 45 connectors Analog input American National Standards Institute American Stand
159. reclosure sequence is expressed with the binary input 4 X110 6 7 by connecting the input signal to the CB RDY input In case this signal is completely removed from the auto reclose function block with SMT the function assumes that the breaker is available all the time The auto reclose sequence in progress indication is connected to the alarm LED 11 Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit supervision DISTURBANCE RECORDER RDRE1 Bi 1 TRIGGERED Lt LED7 DR TRIGGERED BI 2 Bis PHLPTOCH1 start PHHPTOCH1 start PHHPTOC2 start PHIPTOC1 start gi NSPTOC1 start Bits NSPTOC2 start Bitts DEFLPDEF1 start 8 amp 7 DEFLPDEF2 start sive DEFHPDEF 1 start aite INTRPTEF 1 start BI 0 EFHPTOC1 start Bit PDNSPTOC1 start B2 PHLPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC1 operate PHHPTOC2 operate OR TI1PTTRA start ema PHIPTOC1 operate CCRBRF1 trret Bm4 CCRBRF1 trbu ais BHG NSPTOC1 operate OR mei NSPTOC2 operate BIS INTRPTEF1 operate B9 DEFLPDEF1 t EFHPTOC1 operate si 20 T PDNSPTOC1 operate e121 DEFLEDEE operate OR INRPHAR1 bik2h size DEFHPDEF 1 operate T1PTTR1 operate sues Blif24 ARCSARCH1 fault arc det ARCSARC1 operate Bi 25 ARCSARC2 fault arc det og ti putes f _ operate Bi 27 ARCSARC3 fault_arc_det DARREC1
160. rent PHIPTOC1 31 gt gt gt 50P 51P protection instantaneous stage Arc protection ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 50L 50NL 2 ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 Non directional earth fault protection low stage EFLPTOC1 lo gt 1 51N 1 1 Non directional earth fault protection low stage EFLPTOC2 lo gt 2 51N 1 2 Non directional earth fault protection high stage EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 51N 2 Non directional earth fault protection EFIPTOC1 lo 50N 51N instantaneous stage Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF1 lo gt gt 1 67N 1 1 instance 1 Table continues on next page 11 Section 1 1MRS756378 Introduction Function IEC 61850 IEC 61617 IEC ANSI Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF2 lo gt gt 2 67N 1 2 instance 2 Directional earth fault protection high stage DEFHPDEF 1 lo gt gt gt 67N 2 Transient Intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF1 lo gt gt IEF 67NIEF Non directional earth fault protection high stage EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 50N 2 calculated Ig current Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC1 l2 1 46 1 instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC2 l2 2 46 2 instance 2 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC1 l2 l4 gt 46PD Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR1 312f gt 68 Three phase thermal protection for feeders T1PTTR1 3lth gt 49F cables and distribution transforme
161. rent transformers CTs and voltage transformers VTs The proper operation of the relay analog measurement chain can be verified during normal service by a periodic comparison of the measured value from the relay to other independent meters When the zero signal is measured the noise in the input signal can still produce small measurement values The zero point clamping function can be used to ignore the noise in the input signal and hence prevent the noise to be shown in the user display Zero clamping is done for the measured analog signals and angle values The demand values can be used to neglect sudden changes in the measured analog signals when monitoring long time values for the input signal The demand values are linear average values of the measured signal over a settable demand interval The demand values are calculated for the measured analog three phase current signals 138 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 9 2 9 2 1 9 2 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 9 Measurement functions The demand value calculation reports a new value when the demand interval has elapsed The limit supervision indicates if the measured signal exceeds the set limits by activating the alarm warning outputs of the function These outputs can be used to configure the reporting function events The supervision function has four different limits low alarm limit low warning limit high warning limit high alarm limi
162. riants 3 5 2 1 52 1MRS756378 Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Master Trip TRPPTRC1 Master Trip 1 94 86 1 TRPPTRC2 Master Trip 2 94 86 2 Trip circuit supervision instance 1 TCSSCBR1 TCS 1 TCM 1 Trip circuit supervision instance 2 TCSSCBR2 TCS 2 TCM 2 Disturbance recorder RDRE1 Three phase current measurement CMMXU1 3l 3l Sequence current measurement CSMSQI1 l4 lo lo l4 lo lo Residual current measurement RESCMMXU lo In Default I O connections Binary Input Default usage Connector Pins X120 Bl1 Blocking of Overcurrent Instantaneous Stage X120 1 2 X120 BI2 Circuit Breaker Closed indication X120 3 2 X120 BI3 Circuit Breaker Open indication X120 4 2 X120 Bl4 Reset of Master Trip Lockout X120 5 6 Binary Output Default usage Connector Pins X100 PO1 Close Circuit Breaker X100 6 7 X100 PO2 Circuit Breaker Failure protection trip to upstream breaker X100 8 9 X100 PO3 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 1 X100 16 17 18 19 X100 PO4 Open Circuit Breaker trip coil 2 X100 20 21 22 23 X100 SO1 General Start Indication X100 10 11 12 X100 SO2 General Operate Indication X100 13 14 15 LED Default usage 1 Non Directional Overcurrent Operate 2 Non Directional Earth fault Operate 3 Sensitive Earth fault Operate 4 Negative Seq Overcurrent Phase Discontinuity Operate 5 Thermal Overload Alarm 6 Break
163. rrent and short circuit protection Typically overcurrent protection is used for clearing two and three phase short circuits Therefore the user can choose how many phases at minimum must have currents above the start level for the function to operate When the number of start phase settings is set to 1 out of 3 the operation of PHxPTOC is enabled with the presence of high current in one phase When the setting is 2 out of 3 or 3 out of 3 single phase faults are not detected The setting 3 out of 3 requires the fault to be present in all three phases Many applications require several steps using different current start levels and time delays PHxPTOC consists of three protection stages Low PHLPTOC High PHHPTOC Instantaneous PHIPTOC PHLPTOC is used for overcurrent protection The function contains several types of time delay characteristics PHHPTOC and PHIPTOC are used for fast clearance of very high overcurrent situations Transformer overcurrent protection The purpose of transformer overcurrent protection is to operate as main protection when differential protection is not used It can also be used as coarse back up protection for differential protection in faults inside the zone of protection that is faults occurring in incoming or outgoing feeders in the region of transformer terminals and tank cover This means that the magnitude range of the fault current can be very wide The range varies from 6xI to severa
164. rrent should be set using the formula Current start value lt 0 7 x min Tin Iin is the nominal primary current of the CT REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 11 1 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 11 Requirements for measurement transformers The factor 0 7 takes into account the protection relay inaccuracy current transformer errors and imperfections of the short circuit calculations The adequate performance of the CT should be checked when the setting of the high set stage O C protection is defined The operate time delay caused by the CT saturation is typically small enough when the relay setting is noticeably lower than F When defining the setting values for the low set stages the saturation of the CT does not need to be taken into account and the start current setting is simply according to the formula Delay in operation caused by saturation of current transformers The saturation of CT may cause a delayed relay operation To ensure the time selectivity the delay must be taken into account when setting the operate times of successive relays With definite time mode of operation the saturation of CT may cause a delay that is as long as the time the constant of the DC component of the fault current when the current is only slightly higher than the starting current This depends on the accuracy limit factor of the CT on the remanence flux of the core of the CT and on the operate time setting With
165. rs Autoreclosure DARREC1 OI 79 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF 1 31 gt l9 gt BF 51BF 51NBF Master Trip TRPPTRC1 Master Trip 1 94 86 1 TRPPTRC2 Master Trip 2 94 86 2 Trip circuit supervision instance 1 TCSSCBR1 TCS 1 TCM 1 Trip circuit supervision instance 2 TCSSCBR2 TCS 2 TCM 2 Disturbance recorder RDRE1 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR1 CBCM CBCM Three phase current measurement CMMXU1 3I 3l Sequence current measurement CSMSQI1 l4 l2 lo l4 lo lo Residual current measurement RESCMMXU1 lo In Residual voltage measurement RESVMMXU1 Uo Vn 12 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 2 2 1 2 1 1 REF615 Application Manual Section 2 REF615 overview REF615 overview Overview REF615 is a native IEC 61850 feeder protection relay for selective short circuit overcurrent and earth fault protection It is applicable to all types of radial isolated neutral networks resistant earthed networks and compensated networks REF615 is part of a product family that will cover main protection applications for utility and industry customers The IED features draw out type design compact size and ease of use Depending on the IED variant the protection functions may include e Three phase non directional overcurrent protection 4 stages e Double earth fault protection cross country earth fault protection Non directional earth
166. s of the time selective stages are very short because the grading margins between successive protection stages can be kept short This is mainly due to the advanced measuring principle allowing a certain degree of CT saturation good operating accuracy and short retardation times of the numerical units So for example a grading margin of 150 ms in the DT mode of operation can be used provided that the circuit breaker interrupting time is shorter than 60 ms The sensitivity and speed of the current selective stages become as good as possible due to the fact that the transient overreach is practically zero Also the effects of switching inrush currents on the setting values can be reduced by using the IED logic which recognizes the transformer energizing inrush current and blocks the operation or multiplies the current start value setting of the selected overcurrent stage with a predefined multiplier setting Finally a dependable trip of the overcurrent protection is secured by both a proper selection of the settings and an adequate ability of the measuring transformers to reproduce the fault current This is important in order to maintain selectivity and also for the protection to operate without additional time delays For additional information about available measuring modes and current transformer requirements refer to section where general function block features are described in the IED technical manual 93 Section 5 Protection functi
167. sated networks the phase angle criterion with extended operating sector can also be used When the relay characteristic angle RCA is O degrees the negative quadrant of the operation sector can be extended with the Min forward angle setting The operation sector can be set between 0 and 180 degrees so that the total operation sector is from 90 to 180 degrees In other words the sector can be up to 270 degrees wide This allows the protection settings to stay the same when the resonance coil is disconnected from between the neutral point and earth System neutral earthing is meant to protect personnel and equipment and to reduce interference for example in telecommunication systems The neutral earthing sets challenges for protection systems especially for earth fault protection In isolated networks there is no intentional connection between the system neutral point and earth The only connection is through the line to earth capacitances CO of phases and leakage resistances RO This means that the residual current is mainly capacitive and has 90 degrees phase shift compared to the residual voltage The characteristic angle is 90 degrees In resonance earthed networks the capacitive fault current and the inductive resonance coil current compensate each other The protection cannot be based on the reactive current measurement since the current of the compensation coil would disturb the operation of the relays In this case the selectiv
168. scription Alarm LEDs LED 4 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode Description 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S O Follow S Alarm LEDs LED 5 Alarm mode for LED 5 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode O Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S O Follow S Alarm mode for LED 6 Table continues on next page 74 REF615 Application Manual Section 4 1MRS756378 Basic functions Parameter Values Range Default Description Description Alarm LEDs LED 6 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 7 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S Description Alarm LEDs LED 7 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 8 Description Alarm LEDs LED 8 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 9 Description Alarm LEDs LED 9 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode Description O Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S O Follow S Alarm LEDs LED 10 Alarm mode for LED 10 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode O Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 11 Description Alarm LEDs LED 11 Description of alarm 1 Non
169. serves one client connection only four client connections are left for example for IEC 61850 and Modbus All communication connectors except for the front port connector are placed on integrated optional communication modules The IED can be connected to Ethernet based communication systems via the RJ 45 connector 100BASE TX or the fibre 21 Section 2 REF615 overview 22 1MRS756378 optic LC connector 100BASE FX If connection to a RS 485 network is required the 10 pin screw terminal connector can be used REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 3 1 3 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants REF615 variants REF615 variant list The protection and control relay REF615 is mainly intended for MV feeder applications The product has a number of standard configurations covering a wide range of primary circuit configurations in distribution networks based on different system earthing methods Some of the functions included in the IED s standard configurations are optional to the user at the time of placing the order The description of standard configurations covers the full functionality including options presenting the functionality flexibility and external connections of REF615 with a specific configuration as delivered from the factory Presentation of standard configurations Functional diagrams The functional diagrams describe the IED s functionality from the protection
170. side faults without impairing the selectivity Also the security degree 91 Section 5 Protection functions 1MRS756378 of busbar protection is increased because there is now a dedicated selective and fast busbar protection functionality which is based on the blockable overcurrent protection principle The additional time selective stages on the transformer HV and LV sides provide increased security degree of back up protection for the transformer busbar and also for the outgoing feeders Depending on the overcurrent stage in question the selectivity of the scheme in Figure 40 is based on the operating current operating time or blockings between successive overcurrent stages With blocking channels the operating time of the protection can be drastically shortened if compared to the simple time selective protection In addition to the busbar protection this blocking principle is applicable for the protection of transformer LV terminals and short lines The functionality and performance of the proposed overcurrent protections can be summarized as seen in the table Table 41 Proposed functionality of numerical transformer and busbar over current protection DT definite time IDMT inverse definite minimum time O C stage Operating char Selectivity mode Operation speed Sensitivity HV 31 gt DT IDMT time selective HV 31 gt gt DT blockable time selective HV 31 gt gt gt DT current selective LV 31
171. ssible amount of CBBs is seven If the user wants to have for example a sequence of three shots only the first three CBBs are needed Using building blocks instead of fixed shots gives enhanced flexibility allowing multiple and adaptive sequences Each CBB is identical The Shot number CBB_ setting defines at which point in the auto reclose sequence the CBB should be performed that is whether the particular CBB is going to be the first second third fourth or fifth shot During the initiation of a CBB the conditions of initiation and blocking are checked This is done for all CBBs simultaneously Each CBB that fulfils the initiation conditions requests an execution The function also keeps track of shots already performed that is at which point the auto reclose sequence is from shot 1 to lockout For example if shots 1 and 2 have already been performed only shots 3 to 5 are allowed Additionally the Enable shot jump setting gives two possibilities 148 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 10 4 3 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 10 Control functions e Only such CBBs that are set for the next shot in the sequence can be accepted for execution For example if the next shot in the sequence should be shot 2 a request from CBB set for shot 3 is rejected Any CBB thatis set for the next shot or any of the following shots can be accepted for execution For example if the next shot in the sequence should be shot 2 a
172. sssss 23 Standard configurations 24 Connection diagrams essssseeeee een 26 Standard configuration A including directional earth fault ejfe elo EE 28 Applications pee REAL ene de do ashe 28 FUNGUONS eer 28 Default I O connections se 29 Functional diagrams sss 30 Functional diagrams for protection sssssssss 30 REF615 1 Application Manual Table of contents Functional diagrams for disturbance recorder and trip CIRCUIT SUPEIVISION i senda tenn rhetor bie ade d gate kde d 35 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking 36 Standard configuration B including directional earth fault protection and CB condition monitoring seesessss 38 Applications 2 2 i ento etuer ultio tte tiom a a ma seels 38 FUNGCUOMS 12 2 2520 aa aaaea aaa editt es ites ccenin Lipa ege Sa 38 Default I O COMECtiONS ooooooooccconccnccccncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnininnnnnnnnnns 39 Functional diagrams sse 40 Functional diagrams for protection sssssssss 41 Functional diagram for disturbance recorder and trip circuit SUDervISiO ct eee denote abba dba iberia 46 Functional diagrams for control and interlocking 47 Standard configuration C including non directional earth fault DIOFeCtIOn sui bea tt e ute e dee HTC 51 ADDplICatloOns i ciii cette ira 51 FUNCIONS n An At
173. stage FLT ARC DET is activated immediately in the detection of light in all situations A station wide arc protection is realized by routing the light signal output to an output contact connected to a digital input ofanotherrelay or by routing the light signal output through the communication to an input of another relay It is possible to block the tripping and the light signal output of the arc protection stage with digital input or signal from another function block W Cover unused inputs with dust caps 112 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions Arc protection with one IED In installations with limited possibilities to realize signalling between IEDs protecting incoming and outgoing feeders or if only the IED for the incoming feeder is to be exchanged an arc protection with a lower protective level can be achieved with one protection relay An arc protection with one IED only is realized by installing two arc lens sensors connected to the IED protecting the incoming feeder to detect an arc on the busbar In arc detection the arc protection stage trips the circuit breaker of the incoming feeder The maximum recommended installation distance between the two lens sensors in the busbar area is six meters and the maximum distance from a lens sensor to the end of the busbar is three meters Figure 52 Arc protection with one IED Arc protection with severa
174. t There is an exception in limit supervision concerning the residual current and the residual voltage measurement only high alarm limits are available In three phase current measurement the alarm high indications are given for the phase that has the maximum measured value However a range indication is given to each phase The deadband supervision reports a new measurement value if the input signal has gone out of the deadband state The deadband supervision can be used in value reporting between the measurement point and operation control When the deadband supervision is properly configured it will help in keeping the communication load in minimum and yet measurement values will be reported frequently enough Disturbance recorder Functionality The analog channels can be set to trigger the recording function when the measured value falls below or exceeds the set values The binary signal channels can be set to start a recording on the rising or the falling edge of the binary signal or both By default the binary channels are set to record external or internal relay signals for example the start or trip signals of the relay stages or external blocking or control signals Binary relay signals such as a protection start or trip signal or an external relay control signal over a binary input can be set to trigger the recording The recorded information is stored in a non volatile memory and can be uploaded for subsequent fault analysis
175. t overcurrent protection stage of the IED at the infeeding bay There are four IED variant specific setting groups Parameters can be set independently for each setting group The active setting group 1 4 can be changed with a parameter The change of an active setting group can also be made via a binary input if the binary input is enabled for this To enable the change of an active setting group via a binary input connect a free binary input with SMT to the ActSG input of the SGCB block Table 7 Binary input states and corresponding active setting groups BI State Active setting group OFF 1 ON 2 The active setting group defined by a parameter is overridden when a binary input is enabled for changing the active setting group REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual ral uo OPERATE x1 10 BLOCK r3 HZ BL2 BACTRL ENA MULT Section 3 REF615 variants DIRECTIONAL OR INTERMITTENT EARTH FAULT PROTECTION DEFLPDEF1 lo 1 67N 1 1 0 START RCA_CTL DEFLPDEF2 lo gt 2 67N 1 2 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK ENA_MULT E RCA CTL OR P LED2 DEF OPERATE DEFHPDEF l2 E 67N 2 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK ENA MULT RCA CTL INTRPTEF1 br 67NIEF 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK BLK EF DOUBLE CROSS COUNTRY EARTH FAULT PROTECTION EFHPTOC
176. t protection since the calculated ratio of positive and negative sequence currents is relatively constant during load variations When the three phase currents are measured the positive sequence current is calculated using Equation 1 1 h z e ah a k Equation 1 109 Section 5 1MRS756378 Protection functions The negative sequence current is calculated using Equation 2 1 h alu a h ale Equation 2 la Ip Ie phase current vectors a phase rotation operator defined to rotate a phasor component forward by 120 degrees The unbalance of the network is detected by monitoring the negative and positive sequence current ratio where the negative phase sequence current value is I and I is the positive phase sequence current value The unbalance is calculated using Equation 3 Tratio nh Equation 3 A situation when a phase A conductor is broken is shown in Figure 50 Figure 50 Broken conductor fault in phase A in a distribution or or subtransmission feeder Current quantities during the broken fault in phase A together with the ratio of negative and positive sequence currents are presented in Figure 51 110 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 5 4 5 4 1 5 4 2 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions 0 025 0 03 0 035 0 04 0 045 Figure 51 Three phase currents positive and negative sequence currents and the ratio of sequence currents dur
177. tage instance 1 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHHPTOC2 31 gt gt 2 51P 2 2 protection high stage instance 2 Three phase non directional overcurrent PHIPTOC1 3l gt gt gt 50P 51P protection instantaneous stage Arc protection ARCSARC1 ARC 1 50L 50NL 1 ARCSARC2 ARC 2 50L 50NL 2 ARCSARC3 ARC 3 50L 50NL 3 Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF1 lo gt gt 1 67N 1 1 instance 1 Directional earth fault protection low stage DEFLPDEF2 lo gt gt 2 67N 1 2 instance 2 Directional earth fault protection high stage DEFHPDEF1 lo gt gt gt 67N 2 Transient intermittent earth fault protection INTRPTEF1 lo gt IEF 67NIEF Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Non directional earth fault protection high EFHPTOC1 lo 51N 2 stage calculated lg current Double earth fault protection Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC1 l2 1 46 1 instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC2 l2 2 46 2 instance 2 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOCA lj 46PD Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR1 312f gt 68 Three phase thermal protection for feeders TIPTTR1 3lth gt 49F cables and distribution transformers Autoreclosure DARREC1 O gt l 79 Circuit breaker
178. tection low stage EFLPTOC1 lo gt 1 51N 1 1 Non directional earth fault protection low stage EFLPTOC2 lo gt 2 51N 1 2 Non directional sensitive earth fault Non directional earth fault protection high stage EFHPTOC1 lo 51N 2 Non directional earth fault protection EFIPTOC1 lp gt gt gt 50N 51N instantaneous stage Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC1 l2 1 46 1 instance 1 Table continues on next page 61 Section 3 1MRS756378 REF615 variants Function IEC 61850 IEC ANSI Negative sequence overcurrent protection NSPTOC2 12 2 46 2 instance 2 Phase discontinuity PDNSPTOC1 Io l4 gt 46PD Three phase inrush detector INRPHAR1 312f gt 68 Three phase thermal protection for feeders TIPTTR1 3lth gt 49F cables and distribution transformers Autoreclosure DARREC1 O gt l 79 Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF1 3I 19 BF 51BF 51NBF Master trip TRPPTRC1 Master Trip 1 94 86 1 TRPPTRC2 Master Trip 2 94 86 2 Trip circuit supervision instance 1 TCSSCBR1 TCS 1 TCM 1 Trip circuit supervision instance 2 TCSSCBR2 TCS 2 TCM 2 Disturbance recorder RDRE1 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR1 CBCM CBCM Three phase current measurement CMMXU1 3l 3l Sequence current measurement CSMSQI1 14 l2 lo 14 l2 lo Residual current measurement RESCMMXU
179. the protection IED trip contact is destroyed since the contact is obliged to disconnect high level of electromagnetic energy accumulated in the trip coil An auxiliary relay can be used between the protection IED trip contact and the circuit breaker coil This way the breaking capacity question is solved but the TCS circuit in the protection IED monitors the healthy auxiliary relay coil not the circuit breaker coil The separate trip circuit supervision relay is applicable for this to supervise the trip coil of the circuit breaker Dimensioning of the external resistor Under normal operating conditions the applied external voltage is divided between the relay s internal circuit and the external trip circuit so that at the minimum 20 V 15 20 V remains over the relay s internal circuit Should the external circuit s resistance be too high or the internal circuit s too low for example due to welded relay contacts the fault is detected Mathematically the operation condition can be expressed as Uc Rext R in Rs XIc 2 20V AC DC Equation 4 Uc Operating voltage over the supervised trip circuit lc Measuring current through the trip circuit appr 1 5 mA 0 99 1 72 mA Rex external shunt resistance Rint internal shunt resistance 1kW Rs trip coil resistance If the external shunt resistance is used it has to be calculated not to interfere with the functionality of the supervision or the trip coil Too high a resistanc
180. tion Table 61 Function identification IEC 61850 identification CBXCBR IEC 60617 identification l lt gt 0 CB ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number I lt gt 0 CB Functionality The circuit breaker control function CBXCBR is intended for circuit breaker control and status information purposes This function executes commands and evaluates block conditions and different time supervision conditions The function performs an execution command only if all conditions indicate that a switch operation is allowed If erroneous conditions occur the function indicates an appropriate cause value The function is designed according to the IEC 61850 7 4 standard with logical nodes CILO CSWI and XCBR The circuit breaker control function has an operation counter for closing and opening cycle The operator can read and write the counter value remotely from an operator place or via LHMI Application In the field of distribution and sub transmission automation reliable control and status indication of primary switching components both locally and remotely is in a significant role They are needed especially in modern remotely controlled substations Control and status indication facilities are implemented in the same package with CBXCBR When primary components are controlled in the energizing phase for example the user must ensure that the control commands are executed in a correct sequence This can be achieved for example with interlocking
181. tion or multiply the active settings for any of the shown protection function blocks All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 1 is used for overcurrent and LED 4 for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication LED 4 is also used for phase discontinuity protection operate indication There are four IED variant specific setting groups Parameters can be set independently for each setting group The active setting group 1 4 can be changed with a parameter The change of an active setting group can also be made via a binary input if the binary input is enabled REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants for this To enable the change of an active setting group via a binary input connect a free binary input with SMT to the ActSG input of the SGCB block Table 9 Binary input states and corresponding active setting groups BI State Active setting group OFF 1 ON 2 The active setting group defined by a parameter is overridden when a binary input is enabled for changing the active setting group EARTH FAULT PROTECTION EREE TOGA 51N 1 FEHETOGE 51N 2 OR p LED2 EF OPERATE EI 50N SENSITIVE EARTH FAULT PROTECTION ER TOU I pf LED8 SEF OPERATE Figure 24 Non directional earth fault protection Four stages are offered for non directional earth fault protection One stage is dedic
182. tputs timers or the function itself if desired Application EFxPTOC is designed for protection and clearance of earth faults in distribution and sub transmission networks where the neutral point is isolated or earthed via a resonance coil or through low resistance It also applies to solidly earthed networks and earth fault protection of different equipment connected to the power systems such as shunt capacitor bank or shunt reactors and for back up earth fault protection of power transformers Many applications require several steps using different current start levels and time delays EFxPTOC consists of three different protection stages Low EFLPTOC High EFHPTOC Instantaneous EFIPTOC EFLPTOC contains several types of time delay characteristics EFHPTOC and EFIPTOC are used for fast clearance of serious earth faults Directional earth fault protection DEFXPDEF Identification Table 44 Function identification Different stages Low stage High stage IEC 61850 identification DEFLPDEF DEFHPDEF IEC 60617 identification lo gt gt Ip gt gt gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 67N 1 67N 2 REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 5 2 2 2 5 2 2 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions Functionality The earth fault function DEFxPDEF is used as directional earth fault protection for feeders The function starts and operates when the residual current and res
183. ttings thus not included in the SMT functionality The analog channels are assigned to different functions as shown in the functional diagrams The common signal marked with 31 represents the three phase currents The signal marked with Ip represents the measured residual current via a core balance CT The signal marked with Ug represents the measured residual voltage via open delta connected VTs The EFHPTOC protection function block for double cross country earth faults uses the calculated residual current originating from the measured phase currents Functional diagrams for protection The following functional diagrams describe the IED s protection functionality in detail and according to the factory set default connections in SMT REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants L1 L2 L3 i i aq e F E R ca OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND INRUSH INDICATION a n T ACAN tg PHLPTOC1 0 n 120 35 1 3 Va gt BI 1 Blocking je SU E Sock OPERATE 3 S F BI2 CB Closed 4 p PHHPTOC1 H BI 3 CB Open 3l 1 z eu 5 51P 2 1 Asi Uo ala START d e 6 INRPHAR
184. ual 73 Section 4 Basic functions 1MRS756378 Table 15 Alarm LED input signals Name Type Default Description Alarm LED 1 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 1 Alarm LED 2 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 2 Alarm LED 3 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 3 Alarm LED 4 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 4 Alarm LED 5 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 5 Alarm LED 6 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 6 Alarm LED 7 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 7 Alarm LED 8 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 8 Alarm LED 9 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 9 Alarm LED 10 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 10 Alarm LED 11 BOOLEAN O False Status of Alarm LED 11 Table 16 Alarm LED settings Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 1 1 Follow F2 2 Latched S3 3 LatchedAck F 3 LatchedAck F S S Description Alarm LEDs LED 1 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode O Follow S O Follow S Alarm mode for LED 2 1 Follow F 2 Latched S Description Alarm LEDs LED 2 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode O Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S O Follow S Alarm mode for LED 3 Description Alarm LEDs LED 3 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S O Follow S Alarm mode for LED 4 De
185. udes different metering and monitoring subfunctions Circuit breaker status Circuit breaker status monitors the position of the circuit breaker that is whether the breaker is in an open closed or intermediate position Circuit breaker operation monitoring The purpose of the circuit breaker operation monitoring is to indicate that the circuit breaker has not been operated for a long time The function calculates the number of days the circuit breaker has remained inactive that is has stayed in the same open or closed state There is also the possibility to set an initial inactive day 133 Section 8 1MRS756378 Condition monitoring functions Breaker contact travel time High travelling times indicate the need for maintenance of the circuit breaker mechanism Therefore detecting excessive travelling time is needed During the opening cycle operation the main contact starts opening The auxiliary contact A opens the auxiliary contact B closes and the main contact reaches its opening position During the closing cycle the first main contact starts closing The auxiliary contact B opens the auxiliary contact A closes and the main contact reaches its close position The travel times are calculated based on the state changes of the auxiliary contacts and the adding correction factor to consider the time difference of the main contact s and the auxiliary contact s position change Operation counter Routine maintenance of the breaker
186. ult low set stage Table continues on next page REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 Section 3 REF615 variants Non directional earth fault high set stage o Non directional earth fault instantaneous stage e Non directional sensitive earth fault Negative sequence overcurrent instance 1 Negative sequence overcurrent instance 2 e e Phase discontinuity e e e Thermal overload e Circuit breaker failure protection Three phase inrush current detection e e Arc protection with three sensors o o o o Control Circuit breaker control with basic interlocking e e e Circuit breaker control with extended interlocking e Auto reclosing of one circuit breaker o o o o Supervision and Monitoring Circuit breaker condition monitoring e z e Trip circuit supervision of two trip circuits e e e e Measurement Transient disturbance recorder e e e e Three phase current measurement e e e e Current sequence components e e Residual current measurement e e e e Residual voltage measurement e e 1 Basic interlocking functionality Closing of the circuit breaker can be enabled by a binary input signal The actual interlocking scheme is implemented outside the relay The binary input serves as a master
187. up can also be made via a binary input if the binary input is enabled for this To enable the change of the active setting group via a binary input connect a free binary input with SMT to the ActSG input of the SGCB block Table 5 Binary input states and corresponding active setting groups BI State Active setting group OFF 1 ON 2 The active setting group defined by a parameter is overridden when a binary input is enabled for changing the active setting group DIRECTIONAL OR INTERMITTENT EARTH FAULT PROTECTION DEFLPDEF1 lo 1 A 67N 1 1 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK ENA MULT RCA CTL L4 DEFLPDEF2 lo 2 67N 1 2 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK ENA MULT RCA CTL yy A OR S LED2 DEF OPERATE DEFHPDEF lo 67N 2 10 START uo OPERATE BLOCK ENA_MULT RCA_CTL yy INTRPTEF1 lor 67NIEF 10 START vo OPERATE BLOCK BLK_EF DOUBLE CROSS COUNTRY EARTH FAULT PROTECTION EFHPTOC1 lo gt gt 51N 2 __ Ep NEF OPERATE Calculated lo Figure 8 Directional earth fault protection Three stages are offered for directional earth fault protection In addition there is a dedicated protection stage INTRPTEF either for transient based earth fault protection or for cable intermittent earth fault protection in compensated networks REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Applicatio
188. ure 31 Overcurrent protection Four overcurrent stages are offered for overcurrent and short circuit protection The instantaneous stage PHIPTOC1 can be blocked by energizing the binary input 1 X120 1 2 Two negative sequence overcurrent stages NPSTOCI and NPSTOC2 are offered for phase unbalance protection The inrush detection block s INRPHAR1 output BLK2H caters the possibility to either block the function or multiply the active settings for any of the shown protection function blocks All operate signals are connected to the Master Trip and also to the alarm LEDs LED 1 is used for overcurrent and LED 4 for negative sequence overcurrent protection operate indication LED 4 is also used for phase discontinuity protection operate indication The upstream blocking from the start of the overcurrent second high stage PHHPTOC2 is connected to the output SO1 X110 14 15 16 This output is used for sending a blocking signal to the relevant overcurrent protection stage of the IED at the infeeding bay There are four IED variant specific setting groups Parameters can be set independently for each setting group REF615 Application Manual 1MRS756378 REF615 Application Manual Section 3 REF615 variants The active setting group 1 4 can be changed with a parameter The change of an active setting group can also be made via a binary input if the binary input is enabled for this To enable the change of an active setting group v
189. us examples both trip contacts must operate together Attention should also be paid for correct usage of the trip circuit supervision while for example testing the IED 130 REF615 Application Manual Section 7 Supervision functions 1MRS756378 Incorrect testing of IEDs Figure 66 131 REF615 Application Manual 132 1MRS756378 Section 8 8 1 8 1 1 8 1 2 8 1 3 REF615 Application Manual Section 8 Condition monitoring functions Condition monitoring functions Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR Identification Table 56 Function identification IEC 61850 identification SSCBR IEC 60617 identification CBCM ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number CBCM Functionality The circuit breaker condition monitoring function SSCBR is used to monitor different parameters of the circuit breaker The breaker requires maintenance when the number of operations has reached a predefined value For proper functioning of the circuit breaker it is essential to monitor the circuit breaker operation spring charge indication breaker wear travel time number of operation cycles and accumulated energy The energy is calculated from the measured input currents as a sum of Dt values Alarms are generated when the calculated values exceed the threshold settings The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function outputs if desired Application SSCBR incl
190. ven to the operator This enables actions in the power system to be done before dangerous temperatures are reached If the temperature continues to increase to the maximum allowed temperature value the protection initiates a trip of the protected line 5 2 Earth fault protection 5 2 1 Non directional earth fault protection EFxPTOC 5 2 1 1 Identification Table 43 Function identification Different stages Low stage High stage Instantaneous stage IEC 61850 identification EFLPTOC EFHPTOC EFIPTOC IEC 60617 identification lo gt lo gt gt lo gt gt gt ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number 50N 1 50N 2 50N 51N REF615 97 Application Manual Section 5 Protection functions 5 2 1 2 5 2 1 3 5 2 2 5 2 2 1 98 1MRS756378 Functionality The earth fault function EFxPTOC is used as non directional earth fault protection for feeders The function starts and operates when the residual current exceeds the set limit The operate time characteristic for low stage EFLPTOC and high stage EFHPTOC can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT The instantaneous stage EFIPTOC always operates with the DT characteristic In the DT mode the function operates after a predefined operate time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality Itis possible to block function ou

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