Diagnosing Networks Diagnosing Networks
Contents
1. approved operations its hard to shock yourself even when you re doing it wrong However when you re charging an HV battery you have left Toyota procedures behind It s EASY to kill yourself while doing this work Many technicians are a little jaded by the excessive and often superfluous safety warnings found in manuals these days Please treat this warning seriously If you don t know whats dangerous let someone more high voltage savvy do the work If you ve done lots of high voltage work and are pretty relaxed about it stop relaxing get scared and be careful Now if the safety warning has not scared you off the actual procedure is very easy on the Genl You just need to do it correctly Here s case study featuring our first live HV battery recharge We will likely work on making the process a bit safer reir a rw tenn ae Store c Hibid Costal Li ABSIVSCITRAC Live SRS Airbag Lie HV Battery Live m Select t Ston ery Bick Min Voltage Min Battery Block Mo Bott Bicek Max Voltage Max Battery Block No Battery Temperaturet Battery Temperature Battery Mad cela Battery Temperaire Banery nsec Ax Temp j i i Hi as ic Batley Bick Voltage t9 11 d KW Battery Bick Valta 91 1365 We re looking for a suitable connector to ensure proper polarity and to reduce the chances of a short but this technique got the job done When the car came in the batt2. service plug the FIRST thing you remove and the last thing you install Remove the service plug make your connections put the service plug back and then do not touch anything until the charging is done and the service plug has been removed again Polarity is important There is not a ready made connector to plug in so it is possible to hook it up backwards I asked Gregory what would happen if polarity were reversed He said The charger When the reading is positive the meter is hooked up correctly Don t make the connection with alive circuit Disconnect the service plug before connecting your meter then plug it back in to take the reading ter Technician Online www r lag com should recognize the reversed polarity and the relay shouldn t close That said I wouldn t recommend you test it To find polarity remove the service plug connect your voltmeter to the two outer terminals put the service plug back in and take note of the reading If the reading is negative the red lead is on the negative terminal If it s positive the red lead is on the positive Don t rely on the wire colors The white red has been negative and white black positive in my experience so far the opposite of what you might guess Don t rely on my experience though Do your own testing us rr if 7 N F Don t connect the alligator clips right next to each other Leave plenty of space so they dont accid
3. I cannot talk to anything with the CTM BCM connected to the bus Ok what are side cutters for I decide to try cutting Figure 11 It works With the CTM isolated out of the bus I went down the line and talked to every module As you can tell from the butt connector I had tried this trick before to cut out the MIC and the CTM Figure 11 Diagnostic Junction Port with a cut wire 18 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com to see if I could connect all the rest and talk with the scan tool I could But could I get away with this kind of a fix I looked again at the list of functions for the CTM Figure 12 I realized that I could offer the customer the option of leaving the CTM out of the bus since on this base vehicle it is not needed for it to start and run If it had been a Highline model without the bus the engine would not even start and the steering wheel radio volume controls would not have worked But in this configuration the only thing that would be lost is the ability to do diagnosis on CTM related functions effectively since we cannot talk to it But everything else it is in charge of works fine without the module being able to talk on the bus So the 2001 Durango was fixed True not completely fixed The CTM would have to be replaced to bring everything backtolife Butthe dash was working and none of the funny stuff was happening with the chimes and warning ligh
4. and the Advanced Engine Performance L1 areas The Practice Tests have been developed withsubjectmatterexpertsusingstandard ASE practices to achieve diversity in work experiences geographics ethnicities and genders The subject matter experts are experienced ASE workshop participants with proven question writing and review skills All are working technicians from dealerships and the aftermarket All practice tests are assembled using the current ASE recertification test specifications and test assembly format with ongoing question maintenance in order to keep the test relevant and aligned with current specifications ASE Maintenance and Inspection Program ASE s other new program IS its Maintenance and 3e Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com Inspection Qualification Program The M amp I program consists of four eLearning training modules accompanied by an online quiz and is designed for prospective and entry level maintenance personnel as well as any professional interested in this specialty area The training modules in the program cover four main content areas service 1 Service Procedures 2 Fluids Filters Belts and Hoses Inspection and Service 3 Suspension Tire and Brake Inspection and Service and 4 Body Battery Charging and Electrical Systems Inspection and Service The new program features activedesign engagingusersinthetraining to improve retention of all material
5. not but I assisted where I could and he started to work on the project who COLOR R MAX META METALLIC U V sssss No matter what kind of car you ve got in your paint shop a perfect color match is always the goal And that s where BASF Refinish breaks from the field Only BASF offers the COLOR MAX 3 system which covers every color category in the Spectrum and only uses chips sprayed with authentic BASF Refinish paint not printed with ink So you are assured a precise match the first time every time reducing comebacks and increasing productivity And remember BASF Refinish coatings are already approved for use by most major OEMs in North America For the kind of color matches that also match your customers expectations call The Chemical Company your local BASF distributor at 1 800 825 3000 or visit www basfrefinish com sa n J i Foose Chip Foose Foose Design and the Chip Foose signature are ga pe registered trademarks of Foose Design Inc and used with permission 2009 BASF Corporation Out of Juice He said he could not know the perfect charging algorithm for Prius batteries but could make assumptions based on other NiMH batteries and then fine tune the algorithm based on data captures once the charger was in use Basically he started with a relatively inexpensive programmable charger capable of storing up to 10 algorithms then h
6. For additional reinforcement Knowledge Checks follow the training covered in each section Entirely self paced the program also includes tracking and progress features so users can review the material at their own speed and when time permits Users can even log in and out of the program without losing their place an The online quiz features traditional multiple choice questions as well as others types specifically designed for computer Upon achieving a passing score on the quiz users will receive a customized certificate of recognition available exclusively online The credential from this program is not delivery an ASE certification This new program has been requested by employers seeking a tool to help judge the qualification of entry level personnel in the growing maintenance inspection field working and Complete information about both programs including FAQs Fact Sheets 1 H Fi T mi ASE Module 1 l Preiser An Instrument Panel Daiman Take Sele Check oparatian and stames ef avitum para wann bghrs and gqaisses ASE MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION PROGRAM and more can be found on the ASE website www ase com Although thebestpreparation for taking an ASE test is still on the job experience taking advantage of the wide variety of study materials from the aftermarket publishers and ASE itself is an important step particularly if this is your first time It s also helpful t
7. Mass Air Flow Sensor a Air Flow Rate from Mass Air Flow Sensor Absolute Throttle Position 02 Bank 1 Sensor 02 Bank 1 Sensor Aroer ILONGFTI 00800 ELE NN SHRTFT2 RPM 465 2800 LONDPGT 792187 179687 SHRTFT2 SPARKADV 230000 deg IAT w 338000 Dege r mon _ not run x Www AutemoaotiveTestsalutians cam Fes 179887 n nma if ank 1 Sencar rU2 B189 2 J I 1 7 VIN SLMFU28516LJ04300 Figure ec Generic Escan tool readings for verification om I April 2010 el WWW rnastertechrma Cj C Driverseat Diagnostics I knew that a valve timing issue would easily show up in a volumetric efficiency test without my getting too intrusive I already had the Escan tool hooked up so it was just a matter of plugging in some criteria information to test the volumetric efficiency I set the engine size to 5 4L ambient air temp to 86 deg F and my elevation at sea level I next power braked the engine to wide open throttle and graphed my readings within the program Figure 3 The red graph represents the theoretical air flow as calculated by the program while the yellow graph represents the actual volumetric flow By looking at the yellow graph you can see that not only was the volumetric efficiency of this engine low but the air volume was moving in and out of the MAF sensor I have seen this erratic air flow many time
8. Online www mastertechmag com E call away When an independent shop like mine needs it we re told to tow the car to a local dealership If you re an independent shop fighting to assuage your customers suspicions that you may not be competent to repair their hybrids the last thing you ll want to say to them is I m sorry We cant fix it You ll need to tow it to the dealer I ve wasted many extra hours with time consuming and risky work arounds to avoid uttering these dreaded words Have you guessed what I m talking about Its the almost mythical Toyota HV battery charger l ve been assured it exists yet like the unicorn I ve never seen one in person I ve head tales of it in classes from dealer techs and I ve seen pictures in training materials but that s as close as I ve been able to get Some of you may share my frustration Swapping a battery pack back and forth between a running donor car and your tow in to diagnose why the ICE won t start is a lot of un needed and usually unpaid work Performing a battery to battery transfusion to resuscitate hopefully the dead pack once the ICE is running is a risky move But which Is worse burning time and money or letting a dealership service writer say eof iA hu b LLLA het hi CIA 3 oap TETESESE creer RIT LUE i Decl A battery to battery transfusion Bad idear Yes But desperation drove me to use more dangero
9. again I ve discovered that many hybrid drivers have this same attitude when they are late for work A discharged HV battery is always caused by an ICE that does not start for whatever reason at least that s been my experience up to this point Sometimes the customer just runs out of gas Maybe a crank position sensor has failed maybe the throttle body is all gunked up maybe its the well known yet surprisingly common in real life leaf in the MAF sensor malady You get the picture All the problems that will cause a crank no start on a conventional car will do the same to a Prius but if the customer wont give up the HV battery will go dead instead of the 12V battery Here s how it might happen Let s say the battery was at 40 SOC when the ICE Don t let your Volvo customers leave your shop with less Volvo than they came in with Non genuine parts for Volvos Not for me or my Volvo owning customers Those generic parts may look real on the outside but it s the inside story that matters Volvo stays on the cutting edge in automotive design because as their knowledge advances they apply it to redesigned parts for older Volvos So the new Genuine Volvo part you install today may perform better than the original Genuine Volvo Parts fit right They work right And Volvo backs every one of them with a Volvo 12 month limited warranty You may not get all that with generic and it s not worth the risk of
10. chain issue I had to be sure on this one Figure b Below The camshaft timing parameters for each bank on the scan tool www mastertechmag com April 2010 e Driverseat Diagnostics Is was a very interesting turn of events to be able to literally sit in the driver seat and do performance tests and mechanical diagnosis using only scan tools I sat comfortable inside the vehicle and didn r even havg to open the hood or get my hands dirty I must say that as these engines and operating systems get Figure Z The crank lined up so the keyway was up at the Ie a clock position ee Mea F Pu x Figure Driver cam sprocket timing mark properly lined up eua Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com more advanced our diagnostic jobs get physically easier if more intellectually challenging You just can t be too quick to jump the gun Rather set up a series of test procedures for yourself to better home in on the problem This willy lead to a successful diagnosis with very little time wasted n L 7 FL E _ L ze dia Ea i k a m m Ls h T r Figure 9 Bank e sprocket Your reputation Is in your hands SKF North American _ Technica Center Protect it with premium hubs by SKF As a supplier of original equipment hub units to most of the world s automakers SKF knows better than anyone what goes into making a premium quality hub un
11. in employees or face penalties Businesses with fewer advance to maximaize the than 100 employees will be permitted to participate in X protection of its interests BED is risks insurance exchanges to be set up in each state where a page 1 pooling of resources should drive the costs of insurance down And while small businesses are not required to offer insurance for I f E m a keeping your current pan T per their employees the technician workforce egy pul ty tg Act provides strong productive and happy It all begins with the 3R s Recruitment Retention and Recognition incentives for them to do so Until the Small Business Health Options Programs or SHOP insurance The who what where o when and hows you need to know
12. making a good customer dissatisfied with something less than the real thing For my good customers know can trust the Genuine Volvo Parts get from my local Volvo Retailer can also ask for technical support any time may need it and can get technical literature by calling 1 800 25VOLVO or by going to volvotechinfo com VOLVO GENUINE PARTS Nothing Can Replace Them Out of Juice stalled After it stalled the driver does the logical thing and tries to start the car When he does the engine sounds like it s running because it s cranking at 1 200 rpm and the customer will think Oh good It started back up He may throw it in gear and drive down the road but only for eight seconds This is because the Prius will crank the ICE for eight seconds before giving up During those eight seconds the driver will be able to drive using electric power Some drivers will be persistent trying over and over until the HV battery is depleted Other drivers may give up quickly but then the tow driver tries a few times and the car gets moved a few times in the shop then by the time youre ready to diagnose the problem there s only a crank or two left or maybe none at all That s a lot of pressure Imagine that a Prius comes in with 25 SOC You may only have eight seconds to diagnose the cause of the no start If you fail you ll have to tell your customer he or she needs to pay for another tow to the d
13. s side of the battery I like to call it the connector to nowhere since its plugged into a plastic holder on the side of the battery case The two outer terminals Terminal l and Terminal 3 have full battery voltage and can be used to charge the battery without removing it from the car bypassing or activating the System Main Relays or performing any other jury rigging Once the cover has been pulled back youll be able to see the connector to nowhere and the interlock ALWAYS remove the interlock before touching any orange high voltage components You may notice Im holding the connector with my bare hand This is because the battery service plug has been removed and I know it s safe If the service plug were still in there would be 274V at the connector If I were to test for voltage using a couple of back probe pins and I touched them both with one hand I d probably lose a chunk of flesh maybe even a whole finger If I had one pin in each hand I d be dead Yes it is easy to kill yourself So always make the E The connector holder is held in place with a push clip that can be removed using the service plug as a tool One of the many clever ways the foyota engineers try to keep us safe E Ihe connector to nowhere can be pulled out for better access The two outer pins have full battery voltage and can be used to charge the battery www mastertechmag com April 2010
14. single wire bus signals intersect is a huge benefit I have lucked out on this vehicle By the way many GM vehicles use a similar device known as a splice pack But the Versus was only showing me five modules how many are actually present Well this Durango is a stripped model two wheel drive and not equipped with an Immobilizer SKIM overhead console or the upgraded radio so I could eliminate those modules the Central Timer Module is Chrysler s 10 D 0 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 60 0 ms Pico Technology FEN 120 wn picorecn com 140 0 160 0 121 0 200 0 Figure 5 Capture of the PLI bus waveform PART NUMBERS it www proserieskit com sexe n Diagnosing Networks name for the BCM Still the Versus has come up short it will not look at two of the seven modules and I really need to be able to talk or attempt to talk to all of them I m going to have to switch to my DRB3 My DRB3 however yields similar results I can still only talk to the PCM and TCM and cannot talk to the other five modules on the PCI bus I m pretty sure it s safe to assume at this point that the reason I can talk to the PCM and the TCM 1s because the scan tools are talking to them on the SCI bus which is working fine I cannot talk to a single module on the PCI bus so something is causing a fault there Figure b The Diagnostic Junction Port 14 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com It is at thi
15. the PCI bus I could talk to all of them except the MIC and the BCM Central Timer Module It bothered me that I can t talk to two of them I wasn t particularly surprised that I couldn t talk to the MIC After all it was kind of pointing at itself with the no bus message in the odometer plus the non working gauges and PRNDL But I had tested most of the stuff done by the BCM and it all seems to work The RKE remote keyless entry fobs the hors the dome lams and the intermittent wipers all worked I decided to recommend replacement of the MIC with a recheck of the CTM once that was done This is a slightly dangerous strategy from a customer relations standpoint and reflects my continued lack of complete confidence in my network diagnostic skills Butboth components are relatively expensive and I felt I should err on the side of caution t k x L A Figure 10 DRB3 screen talking to the Mechanical Instrument Cluster BMW recommends Castrol Even the strongest heart needs protecting Diagnosing Networks After a couple of days of waiting the MIC shows up preprogrammed with the vehicle mileage I plugged it in with some fear and trembling and used my paper clip in the DJP to check its operation first with nothing else on the bus To my relief I get this message on the DRB3 Figure 10 Wow what a relief Next I plugged the red connector back into the Diagnostic Junction Port and tried again No joy
16. Body module But I began to wonder Where are BATTA7 A7 8w 10 27 the HVAC and MIC Mechanical Instrument PU EIU TON Cluster modules on the Versus screen Since gt BLOCK the dash indicated no bus and the PRNDL s 9123 didn t indicate the correct gear I knew that M Ta the MIC was part of the network I figured I d better get more information before going me oer forward I needed to know why I could talk l to two modules on the bus without a problem x PK 16 C zc fcfc cc ML LLL Lc n DATA LINK CONNECTOR or v 4 m 2 v nem ne 6 Z1 712 D25 D22 D21 D20 18 18 20 20 20 20 BK BK TN WT YL PK BK PK LG 2yv 0000000000 S x mE zi C200 To D22 D21 D20 DIAGNOSTIC _ 20 18 18 JUNCTION PK BK PK LG PORT 4 7L 5 9L E a gt nU 8W 18 3 Jl ee 1 JOINT CONNECTOR NO 1 i IN PDC 8W 10 36 6 Y Py D21 osx d 18 i a EN PK C107 s Y aseo ze 29A C3 D22 D21 SC SQ 1 POWERTRAIN M 18 TRANSMIT RECEIVE odii i 8W 30 29 Be U a 7 72 l xi n SCI SCI TRANSMISSION RECEIVE TRANSMIT CONTROL a e C208 l l BW 15 7 l MODULE I 8W 31 3 i 1 Figure 4 pg ID amp 11 The SLI and PLI bus connected modules 10 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com but not to three others I needed to know how many total modules were aboard this vehicle and how they talk to each
17. DAMAGE TO NEW COMPRESSORS FASTER RECYCLE GUARD PROTECT A C SERVICE MACHINES FROM SEALANT amp DEBRIS TRANSGUARD TRANSMISSION FILTER PROTECT TRANSMISSION REPAIRS FROM DEBRIS CALL 1 800 999 1051 OR 678 987 0500 TO ORDER 22WWW AIRSEPT COM Out of Juice risk of an incompetent user damaging a battery pack If a Genl is charged with the lower voltage it won t be hurt it just won t charge fully To change the charging mode to Genl press and hold the select switch while turning on the charger The change in press while turning on ac powe to ch we gen 1 bi pose high LETY voll Use the switch to select the correct algorithm law voltage for Gene and Geng high voltage for Berl Prius Rescue Charger Use selection button on oppose ij Tias U Dee Cii Hash LOG Cnarger C elconG ps nex The status indicator is used to indicate the algorithm selected Its also used as a progress indicator during the charge algorithm will be verified by a change in LED color on the opposite side of the charger So how well does it work Well I m still waiting for the official word after the data recordings are analyzed but from what I can tell it works perfectly According to Toyota s training material the target SOC for the THS charger is 6096 the same as the target SOC while in the car Take a look at the SOC in the data list below I took this picture about two seconds after Readyin
18. GINEERED PARTS i Original BMW Parts The Ultimate www bmwusa com Driving Machine M a P mm x 4a lp E och oe SIE FRA I COUN OGR 1 Ts Visit www daycoW com To Receive Your RMS EAR AAS AWEARNESS Belt Gauge Selan eS You need Sm ique lale better and Dayco scd the answer cise Resistant Arami leilsers e W Profile Rio Conforms To Worn DEMENCINECIDIVES e EPDM Rubber P ROA For Extended Life PUeE ee eR eee r rj 7 DAY CLJ www dayco com www daycoW com www accessdayco com Feature Stories ei Driver Seat Diagnostics by John Anello Our man John stays clean and comfortable while doing a successful diagnosis 30 Prepare to Pass by Tony Molla Taking an ASE Test is easy Passing one not so much So how do you maximize your chances for success It s all in the preparation 34 Out of Juice Dealing with Discharged HV Battery Packs by Paul Cortes A reasonable solution to a Prius Hybrid Catch 22 50 Vintage Sports Lars Racing in the Past Lane by Glen Quagmire Most of us car guys and girls had at least sme interest or involvement in some kind of auto racing back in the day G Diagnosing Networks by Phil Fournier My goal in this article is to see if I can pass along some confidence to others trying to learn how to solve a problem of No Communications no bus o
19. SAN uaassseaka 45 CRP sas 13 NU LOK 25 www rnastertechrnag corn April 2010 4 The Missing Mini B N qe 5h E r 40 vu Phil Panie ool e technicians learn best by others trying to learn how to solve a doing not by reading or problem of No Communications no listening or even watching bus or no start no crank issues related This makes the automotive instructors to network problems or magazine article authors job a difficult one But sometimes I read an article or go to a class and come away with a new sense of confidence that I will be able to use the knowledge gained to good effect the next time I am faced with a diagnostic dilemma I gained just this sense of confidence after attending a Standard Motor Products Network Diagnostic Strategies class My goal in this article is to see if I can pass along some of that confidence to o x TII 0500000 Figure 1 AESwave LineSpi 3I dseu 210 I Em SABA c 8 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com Posted October cB 2010 Keyword networks Asyouprobablyalreadyknow networks single wire and a two wire It would have been with us for 20 years and are talk on one of the two networks and that with us to stay I won t bore you with knowledge is key to doing the diagnosis terminology and techno speak related to Almost all networks report to the DLC networks beyond
20. Volume 4 Issue 3 October 2010 Iis LEI ecnnicia E i i 4 j g zm i D ILU J E lt III O tt Lnnlti INLINE A aterdechmadu D Im on aby m Pubiitet ign i00 SA an ur DW K d TU Pas n M m ijv qim W welt i Bic jt di oie ui Fi aa 5n rin th Uh rt Also Inside 2 Driver Seat Blognos ui Prepare to Pass Out of Whee i Vintage Sports Cars ems AU m i i L a Ti be 3 P aao s amp k E it one i J jee Tw K a L i AE pm n THERE HAS NEVER BEEN A BUY THEWORLD S BEST E Availability Access to 80 000 Original BMW replacement parts and 200 million of inventory is available to your BMW center no other supplier can make that claim Commitment Six Parts Distribution Centers provide daily service to all BMW centers Obtaining non stocked items is no longer a headache Expertise BMW Parts Professionals know BMW vehicles better than anyone else They will ask you the right questions to get you the right parts the first time Warranty BMW replacement parts carry a 2 year limited warranty Your customers will travel with confidence knowing that Original BMW parts were tested by BMW for BMWs For Original BMW Parts Please contact your authorized BMW center Or log on to www bmwusa com standard content dealer default aspx Details available at your authorized BMW center BETTER WAY TO Gorn N
21. ancements You may remember these types of cars from the original Can Am series In all cases since this is vintage racing cars will be older and can range from pre war up through generally the 70s or so Some will be high end cars formerly raced by professionals and some will be relatively simple like the MGs Austin Healeys and Triumphs mentioned above Most sanctioning bodies will accept for competition cars that were not race cars in the day but have been modified with period correct parts and technologies And while it s been said that nothing s older than last year s race car some vintage racing groups have established classes for reconstituted stock cars Ihe Venues Amazingly despite urban sprawl and dramatic increases in real estate values over the last several decades most race tracks that were around back then are still in operation and in fact thriving Legendary tracks all over the country host many vintage races each year including the fabled Watkins Glen track in New York state Road Atlanta in well Atlanta suburbs actually the astonishingly long and fast Road America track in Elkhart Lake Wisconsin and Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca in California with its notorious Corkscrew downhill S curve Motorsports in general and vintage racing in particular have become so popular in recent years that new road racing tracks have been built in places like the exciting Ne
22. as possible Once completed the candidate submits the test for scoring and will then see a page with a printable performance report The report shows the question numbers organized by content areas with a brief description of the question and indicates if the question was answered correctly or not The report does not indicate pass or fail The candidate has the ability to navigate back to any of the questions from this page and see the entire question plus the answer explanation of why one particular choice is correct and why the other choices are incorrect This new product provides an opportunity to take no stakes online practice tests with questions of similar difficulty and format to those used on the ASE certification exams The practice tests are half the length of the regular ASE tests and help prepare candidates for the test through an independent precertification assessment of their competency giving them an opportunity toimprove their skills in areas of weakness prior to taking the ASE certification test Prepare to Pass A secondary goal of the Official ASE Practice Tests is to ease candidate anxiety for those with a fear of failing the ASE certification tests and to establish a comfort level with an electronic format similar to our Computer Based Testing CBT The initial practice tests offered are automobile exams A1 through A8 and auto parts P2 Plans are in the works for practice tests across collision truck
23. assic Sports Racing Group www csrgracing org west coast Vintage Drivers Club of America www vintagedrive com southeast And for our friends north of the border Vintage Auto Racing Association of Canada www varac ca Ul Ul tertechmag com April 2010 Racing in the Past Lane So How Can Be Involved Happily there are many ways a newcomer can get involved with vintage sports car racing Many but not all vintage races are deemed spectator races and welcome on lookers for a modest admission fee Many participants in vintage racing are doing so as weekend warriors themselves and working on a limited budget with no formal pit crew and maybe just a friend or wife girlfriend boyfriend helping them So if you can hook up with a racer there s a very good chance that they d welcome your help as a pit crew member and youd have a chance to get your hands dirty while having a boatload OK OK a carload of fun And you can almost certainly connect with someone who lives near you who would welcome an extra pair of hands from time to time Furthermore most vintage races rely heavily on volunteers and would be tickled to find a car person like you to be a pit marshal registrar help with timing and scoring or even with a little on the spot training a corner worker or flagger And finally its never too late to become a vintage racer yourself It s not unusual to find drivers
24. ayersc3 mastertechmag com VIEW OUR NEW SITE Joann Turner WWW AUTOTECHONWHEELS COM Circulation Manager jturner mastertechmag com Editorial Circulation Advertising Sales and Business Office Master Technician Magazine 486 Pinecrest Rd Springfield PA 19064 P 484 472 8441 E484 472 7460 If you have a letter to the editor a Tech Tip or story idea Email bfreud mastertechmag com or visit www mastertechmag com other contact_us Master Technician is published by Master Technician LLC The publisher and editors of this magazine accept no responsibility for statements made herein by advertisers or for the opinions expressed by authors of bylined articles or contributed text The current Issue of the Master Technician Emag is free to qualified automotive repair shop owners managers amp Contact Us for technicians Contact ayersc3 mastertechmag com for Personal Bootcamp Training and more information All other content is available on a recep Qiii aer i sy Esa ie o LATE pO l ips ana roryv Of Eme MONE subscription basis Visit www mastertechmag com for MERE TE subscription information ELE Advertiser Index October 2010 PLS ODE eser pen etas 47 DACO Fee eee 4 vq 29 ALON PPA aaa i Garage Operator 53 Tracer Products 57 BASE sesesneorccmsaanstens 39 Master Technician 58 Volkswagen 23 BEND cernes enn 2 Mercedes Benz 6 VOLVG aza sssssusspun 37 Castrol uuu ertet 17 NIS
25. bove The engine power braked wide open throttle and graphed the readings Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com Genuine Original um Equipment D p Volkswagen us Batteries Built to exact VW standards for optimal electrical performance Lowest water loss specifications in the industry Reserve power for maximum performance exceeds industry standards Backed by a limited warranty direct from Volkswagen of America Inc Extremely price competitive Your Local Volkswagen Dealer has a full line of model specitic replace ment batteries with a full range of power ratings Install confidence Install Genuine OE Volkswagen Batteries Driverseat Diagnostics To stay in the driver s seat of diagnostics and still not being too intrusive I decided to hook up my Ford IDS scan tool for some enhanced engine diagnostics that the tool claimed to perform My first step was to verify which cylinders were creating the roughness in the engine This I did by using the power balance mode Figure 4 In this mode I was able to see the PCM monitor the speed of each individual cylinders crank throw by means of the crank sensor You can see that cylinders 5 6 7 and 8 were all below the zero line Normally this pattern would run close to the zero line with slight deviations of plus or minus 5 and any large V spike below the zero line would indicate a misfire Taking into consideration that c
26. d or drink if we were sitting in the corners in order to avoid the crunch of food flavored with orange clay dust thrown up from the sideways race cars 50 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com a i These days many of us follow NASCAR racing We can follow cars technology and the colorful personalities of the drivers and crew members from the comfort of our Barcoloungers And the more dedicated NASCAR fans can join with say about a hundred thousand of their closest and most intimate and actually attend Sprint Cup Nationwide Series or Camping World Series races at places like Dover Chicagoland or Talladega friends But what if you want to get closer to the action than your recliner What options are open to the Weekend Warrior And is there a way to actually get your hands dirty in the process Happily the options are Mant Nostalgia drag racing has been for some time now a popular venue Cars that raced decades ago have been and continue to be dragged out of dusty garages refurbished or restored had safety equipment updated and returned to the ol 1320 for a new life of competition Similarly stockers midgets and others continue to be found stripped down and rebuilt and returned to their former glory often in the colors and paint schemes in which they appeared when they were originally being actively campaigned There s even a magazine dedicated to jus
27. e and another programmer collaborated on two algorithms one for the Genl and one for the Gen2 He also added some convenience features like a carry handle rubber mount feet instructions and an external switch for selecting the correct charging cycle About three weeks later he hand delivered the unit and we tried it out on an old bad battery I had lying around We monitored the charging voltage and Gregory McCrea battery wizard supervises the prototype Prius HV charger on its maiden voyage 40 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com current and compared it to a graph of the algorithm he had brought The unit seemed to work flawlessly He left a data recorder for the charger so we could perform some captures once we had some good but discharged batteries to charge About a month later a Genl one was towed in from another shop The tech had correctly diagnosed a bad crank sensor but the HV battery discharged before the repair was complete The shop was looking for options besides towing the car to a dealer and found us In and out in one day no small talk and a fair charge or an excellent charge at a fair price The only thing that might have been better for the people at that shop is if they had their own charger And now they can Now a few words about safety Usually its really hard to kill yourself when working on a Prius There s a lot of safety built in If you are performing Toyota
28. e piston wear It integrates with the existing brake pad shim to further reduce noise on any braking system HEAT DISSIPATION The NU LOK Piston Cushion also acts as a heat shield between the pad rotor and the caliper This reduces brake fluid temperature for better pedal feel more controlled stops and longer fluid life The cushion also prevents caliper boots from overheating and possibly melting Driverseat Diagnostics as it monitors the slow down oo crankshaft speed an each piston comes up on the compression stoke e wear cylindes doesn t slop the crankshaft as much as much as a stronger one doesd thus showing up as a low compression cylinder As I cranked the engine at wide open throttle to prevent the injectors from firing I captured a cranking compression chart Figure 5 You can see by the chart that cylinders 5 6 7 and 8 all had low compression as compared te bank 1 s cylinders Its convenient that This can bl done without ever having to pull the spark plugs and measure the compression of each cylinder with a mechanican gauge This is technology at its best The validation process was all pointing toward a possible jumped timing chain on bank 22 It was just urlikely that one head would have fou4 bad cylinders with leakd valves The common caust of low compression in fou4 cylinders in the same head would most probably be a valve timing issue I now wanted to do one more ch
29. ealer because you can t fix the car Can you set up enough tests to find any problem with only eight seconds of cranking Compression spark fuel ratio timing got it all set up Crank crank crank Everything looked good but the ICE did not start Perhaps itsa banana in the tail pipe Damn you Eddie Murphy Sorry 38 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com youngsters that was a joke referencing a movie from the 80s Wouldn t it be nice to have as many tries as you need With an HV charger you can So where do you get one Toyota won t sell it to you or let you borrow one The company wont send its charging guy to your shop Here s the story of how we got ours and how you can get yours I ran into Carolyn and John from Luscious Garage at a Perfect Sky class and they mentioned they had a charger they d been using for tow in Priuses and to charge the Gen2 to Genl conversions battery they d been doing It was an HV charger originally designed for a glass mat pack but it was working to partially charge Genl packs 274V and even Gen2 packs 201V if used with care Carolyn was kind enough to give me contact information for the manufacturer Icontacted Gregory McCrea at ELCON Electric Conversions seemed genuinely interested in developing a charger to meet our needs To be honest I had a bit of trouble understanding all of the technical information he talked about he s a battery expert and I m
30. eck to find oue what theMPCM was seeing when it set the variable valve timing codes so I decided to look at the camshaft timing Relative Compression Difference Figure 5 Above A captured cranking compression chart eb Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com parameters for each bank on the scan tool Figure 6 By looking at the data with the engine idling in its rough mode u could plainly see VCTADV for bank 1 was at 0 degrees at idle but the VCTADV for bank 2 was close to 60 indicating that the cam sprocker on bank 2 was out of correlation to the crankshaft At this point I had gathered enough informatiod to validate the removal of the front timing coveg I went back to the shop the next day and the tecp had pulled the timing cover and lined up the crank so the keyway was up at the 12 o clock position Figure 7 I placed whiteout on both cam sprocker marks and u could see the driver cam sprocker timing mark was properly lined up with the center of the camshaft hold down cap Figure 8 When looking at the bank 2 cam sprocker Figure 9 u couln easily see that it wis off by a few teeth The timing chain had jumped which causeg the engine to run very poorly ang theMPCM to set timing position error faults I felt good about my findings because I did not want the shop to go through all the work of ripping down the front of the engine just because it felt like a timing
31. en charges Detector also works with AC and DC power adapters The comes complete with infrared sensor replacement filters rechargeable NiMH battery AC power adapter DC power adapter with cigarette lighter plug and rugged carrying case To learn more call 1 800 641 1133 or visit www tracerline com D TRACER PRODUCTS A Division of Spectronics Corporation ISO 9001 2000 CERTIFIED COMPANY Repair and Business Solutions for Professional Automotive Technicians amp Shop Owners COM Digital Magazines Hybrids amp Everything Green Tool amp Equipment Review Weekend Warrior Fun Stuff Check out what s coming in 2010 Register For sixty days free access JUSINCESS EZ c MN 7 NS IDE R NT O Questions Comments I M 22200 m iz Contact Us via Website or Call Chris Auers Jr 484 472 8441 Small Businesses May EE i Care AB See Some Relief in the will affect nearly every New Health Lare Act small business The main by Mary Louisa LHommedieu Esq provisions of the Act roll out over the next four years M The new Health Care Act will affect nearly every small business The main provisions of the Act roll out over the next four years with the major changes occurring in 2014 Most notably beginning in 2014 businesses with more than 50 employees or full time equivalents Be are strategies WEB E must provide affordable health insurance for their a business may take
32. ently short JIM GOUGHARY NISSAN 350Z SCCA GT 2 CHAMPION CHRIS FORSBERG NISSAN 350Z FORMULA DRIFT ROOKIE OF THE YEAR CHAMPIONSHIPS THESE RACERS RELIED ON NISSAN MOTORSPORTS COMPETITION PARTS NISSAN motorsports We look forward to helping you win your next championship Ask us about the Nissan Racer Support program oee our full line of competition parts at nissan4parts com or call now to order our 124 page catalog motorsports COMPETITION PARTS Toll free order line and technical assistance 888 833 3225 Nissan Motorsports Competition Parts only ee ee 24 hour fax line 618 223 3341 email nmc race nissan usa com Mailing Shipping address Nissan Motorsports 2198 Midway Lane Smyrna TN 37167 Nissan Motorsports Competition Parts do not carry any type of warranty and have been designed and are intended for off highway applications only Nissan the Nissan Brand Symbol SHIFT tagline and Nissan model names are Nissan trademarks Always wear your seat belt and please don t drink and drive 2009 Nissan North America Inc SHIFT_the way you move Out of Juice I use male blade connectors salvaged from old O2 sensor connectors to make the connection It may seem really strange to be routing so much voltage through such tiny wires and connectors but don t worry they won t melt in fact they wont even get hot Please don t touch the wires to test this the insulation is not
33. ery SOC was 096 and the Delta SOC was 39 596 Delta SOC 1s the difference in the calculated state of charge between the lowest battery block and the highest battery block The battery ECU remembers the peak value from moment to moment and trip to trip unless it is unplugged If the battery is good the Parameter Bats ety Blick Vi altage 1 Batts ary Bick Votlage 2 hak Se Battery Bick Veltage 4 A Battery Bick Voltage 5 Vinal Battery Bick foliage 6 gjBaten Bic H Vellage 7 lv ERE Bick Voltage 8 Battery Bick Voltage 9 Battery Bick Voltage 10 F Battery Bick Voltage 11 F Zu Battery Bick Voltage 12 F Ball ERE 13 F Batten Bick Votage Xr Seen Bek olay Bh m T pun ee a di a a irs Bick Volt aye EL Discharged for sure but it may or may not be bad www mastertechmag com April 2010 41 Delta SOC should not go above 2096 under normal conditions However a discharged battery is not normal so a high Delta SOC is not indicative of a bad battery in this case First disconnect the Iev battery This will prevent a myriad of potential problems eal ox WT de Only minimal disassembly is required to charge the battery Just remove a few trim clips and pull back a couple of covers on the left side of the trunk and youre in business Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com There is a small easily accessible connector on the left driver
34. formula cars are of the style you d picture in Indy 500 races cigar shaped bodies with wheels and suspension sticking out in the wind unencumbered by fenders These come in a variety of flavors based on engine size from VW to V 8 and other factors like tire size needed to accommodate varying degrees of horsepower Sports racers are cars like Elva Couriers up to Chaparrals Picture Garege Operator A NEW INDUSTRY STANDARD IN SHOP MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE EMPOWERMENT Control your business Own the software and your data Connect amp communicate with your P based shop equipment Order parts electronically from vendors of YOUR choice Import labor times from ALLDATA and others EKE SEE CEN Ol EE Tiel COC UIC WS TG elas BIRVAIGIGIINIGH RING Hist Regular updates amp basic support for one low monthly fee Continuous review and refinement from IATN GO Users Forum LE Selected as the exclusive shop management software for the AAIA Shop Of Tomorrow amp See Empowerment above free demo Visit www garageoperator com for more information Operator i paptr Clann www mastertechmag com m uan Racing in the Past Lane low wide flat usually fiberglass bodies enclosing everything wheels tires suspension engines etc These may be or 2 seaters open or enclosed again in different classes depending on drive trains and related enh
35. g the Prius following recharging with the ELCON charger Pretty close to 60 SOC no Now that the battery is charged I figure I might as well test it but this article is already too long So I won t include much detail on battery testing beyond saying that up to 1 2V is acceptable between Battery Blck Min Voltage and Battery Blck Max Voltage As you can see below there is only 0 3V so this battery is in perfect condition now that it s charged If you want to purchase your own charger contact Gregory at ELCON Electric Conversions Distributor of Zivan Chargers 215 14th St Sacramento CA 95814 Phone 916 441 4161 elconGjps net Req egnet rake io 3e Generator MG1 Rev Generator MG1 Torq Req est pow Es Be Master Culinder Tora Hey 59 97 SOL Cant beat that A picture of perfect health www mastertechmag com April 2010 49 Racing in the Past Lane By Glen Quagmire All photos courtesy Nial McCabe for the Vintage Racer Group s we all thankfully get a little more vintage we seem to gravitate to the days and memories of our youth And most of us car guys and girls had at least some interest or involvement in some kind of auto racing back in the day For a lot of us it was going as spectators to the Friday night drag races The more adventurous of us became participants Others got involved in roundy round racing and learned very quickly not to open foo
36. it So how can some manufacturers claim to offer OE quality hubs and sell them at half the price The truth is they can t To prove it we purchased a large sampling of these so called OE quality hubs currently available in the aftermarket We examined every component and then tested each hub to every one of its actual OE performance specifications ias MT ht 0 Be Car Aware The results were clear these hubs were not OE quality hubs They were value grade hubs which are no real value Not only do they fail quickly they can result in excessive NVH noise vibration and harshness braking and handling problems and expose drivers to potential Safety risks Don t compromise your customer s vehicle safety Always install SKF premium quality hubs See the results of our test at www vsm skf com okKF Taking an ASE Test is easy Passing one not so much So how do you maximize your chances Jrepare to Pass What began over three decades ago as a modest attempt to offer four automobile certification exams on a pilot basis has grown in an industry recognized program embraced by technicians manufacturers the aftermarket and employers alike Today the non profit National Institute Automotive Service Excellence ASE offers more than 50 certification tests in a dozen specialized areas and nearly 400 000 automotive professionals proudly hold ASE credentials Offered in the U S and Canada a
37. n the correct commanded positions There were also O2 codes P2195 and P2198 stored in memory stating that Bank 1 was running lean while Bank 2 was running rich These O2 codes were in the mi x but you need to keep in mind that an engine with mechanical or hydraulic problems can easily mess up the fuel trims and create a lean or rich condition So I decided to home in on VVT was using two camshaft positioning sensors to perform a check and balance Controls MultiTool Info E EScan DTCs Monitors PIDs Digital Graphs Mode6 O2 Sharp SHOOTER www aTsnmeom B1S1 7 B2S1 wake Code Des V m precedes oS RICH RICHIE Select Make LETT PD022 A Camshaft Position Timing Over Retarded Bank 2 Read DTC amp Pending Codes Pending Codes P2185 02 Sensor Signal Stuck Lean Bank 1 Sensor 1 P2198 Q2 Sensor Signal Stuck Rich Bank 2 Sensor 1 Clear DTCs MES DTC that Caused Freeze Frame Storage 0 POD11 PNE NENNEN RES Reading Vi Supported PIDs POO11 DTC caused Freeze Frame Storage 0 Read Freeze Frame Data Calculated Load BtoB Trim 0 00 empty 477 80 Engine vacuum vac HG Battery V 12 20 Engine Coolant Temperature Shot Term Fuel Trim Bank 1 Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 1 shart Term Fuel Trim Bank 2 Long Term Fuel Trim Bank 2 Engine RPM Vehicle Speed Sensor Ignition Timing Advance for 1 Cylinder Intake Air Temperature Codes Air Flow Rate from
38. nd to our armed forces at military bases around the globe ASE certification is internationally recognized as one of the best professional credentials in the automotive industry for Research shows that ASE Certification is not only good for the individual it s good for the businesses that employ them In fact many shop owners recognize the value ASE provides and offer incentives like salary increases bonuses and they often cover the cost of testing provided you pass the test For many that s the catch but it s not that difficult of a bar to reach if you know what to do 30 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com for success It s all in the preparation Tony Molla VP Communications ASE ASE fest lakers One of the biggest challenges to overcome when taking an ASE Tests is fear Most individuals are naturally nervous when taking any test but many automotive professionals who are perfectly capable of doing well on any ASE test they take won t even try because they re afraid of failing That s unfortunate because achieving ASE Certification can be one of the most important things you can do to advance in your chosen career So how do you meet this challenge The answer is in how well you prepare here are a number of different study materials produced by training organizations trade publishers and other sources that are specifically designed to address the Content Areas and Task Lists u
39. o talk with those automotive professionals who have already achieved ASE Certification Their experience training organization can offer valuable insight and increase your chances of success Remember Preparation Improves Performance Ta 5 Task Tips E Lock f r indicators ar gauges that de noz work Bo Sure io nate any peobiems an the repair N faxa fing tts Dafoe Tipt quinqurs fer cfoeck ff aperatfcer af fine instant par First etiek on bho Egaition switch te simralefer turning fh ciriba T hip CP positicus LASS NS FF cop Copynght 2010 Automotive Service Excellence Screenshot of the Maintenance and Inspection program www mastertechmag com April 2010 33 Out of Juice Dealing with Discharged Battery ER I m going to start this article with the following statement Toyota has been very generous in its willingness to share information and access to equipment with independent repair facilities Not only does it provide manuals training software and equipment to any shop that wants it it prices it fairly sometimes more than fairly It s all within your reach Thank you Toyota That said there has been one sore spot for shops like mine that do alot of hybrid repair A necessary piece of equipment is missing from Toyota s offerings To be fair most Toyota dealerships can t buy it either but when they need it it s a phone 34 Master Technician
40. other What language do they talk in I went to my Alldata information system and after entering the vehicle information I followed this thread Powertraan Management Computers and Control Systems Information Bus Figure 4 CENTRAL TIMER MODULE CONTROLLER AALE ANTILOCK BRAKE CAB uE cal MA PCI BUS INSTRUMENT CLUSTER VT YL TRANSFER CASE PCI BUS CONTROL MODULE TCCM IF EQUIPPED PCI BUS CONTROL i OVERHEAD MODULE CONSOLE IF EQUIPPED A C HEATER Bd e c NONE CONTROL B PIVAC CONNECTOR TCM ELLE TRANSMISSION VT YL CONTROL iD PCI BUS MODULE RADIO C33 EIC UIPEED IF EQUIPPED VT YL PCM PCI BUS C330 POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE VT YL VT YL PCI BUS SKIM DATA LINK PCI BUS SENTRY KEY CONNECTOR IMMOBILIZER 4 5 16 MODULE BK TN BA FUSCE GROUND GROUND B JB 1 FUSE ertecthmiiat So this Durango has two information buses One is an SCI bus and reports to the DLC on pins 6 7 and 14 Pin 7 Is a shared transmit wire for both the PCM and the TCM while 6 and 14 are the receive wires for the PCM and TCM respectively But sinceI could talk to both of these modules m more interested in the other bus the PCI bus that talks on Pin 2 a single wire communication network The other diagram does two things for me It tells me how many modules may be on the bus as many as 11 and it tells me that I have a Diagnostic Junction Port Connector Having a central location where most or all of the
41. r no start no crank issues related to network problems ga Vaf Y B on all eight with www startekinfo com Mercedes Benz USA Dealer Workshop Services is the source for all the technical information needed to support service and maintain Mercedes Benz vehicles Mercedes Benz workshops rely on DWS products and services for getting jobs done quickly and more efficiently Our products include STAR TekInfo with WIS net Workshop Information System Electrical Troubleshooting Manuals Installation Instructions Technical Bulletins Campaigns Mercedes Benz Special Tools gt 9o o 39 STAR TekInfo Dealer Workshop Services Engineering Services Mercedes Benz USA LLC Maintenance Manuals and Sheets STAR Service Manual Library CDs WIS and DAS software updates star Diagnosis System SDS Operator s Manuals and COMAND Manuals Mercedes Benz Equipment Inventory of technical publications Mercedes Benz Christopher M Ayers Jr President Publisher cayers mastertechmag com Bob Freudenberger Editor bfreud mastertechmag com John Anello Steve Campbell Paul Cortes A j f j 2 QU va Kerry Jonsson Phil Fournier Chip Keen 4L u O L AG Greg McGoniga Tony Molla Tom Nash Henry Olsen Matt Ragsdale Dave Russ Contributing Editors bfreud mastertechmag com On J 75 Ge al S Christopher Michael Ayers Joh PANERO REM Art Director Project Mgr
42. rated for high voltage and you could get hurt or killed The combination of high voltage and low OU CTPA 7 24 Vo Algorithms 600 699 charging current keeps the voltage drop low despite the tiny wires The charger defaults to the Gen2 algorithm when its turned on The reasoning is this If you didn t read the instructions and started to charge a Gen2 with the Genl algorithm you might damage the battery To avoid this possibility the charger defaults to the lower voltage That way there s less E eL l i n i 2 YT A SunTCH rs A DE PLUGGING To AC LT i P a Tr ELM T I A gradual rise i n voltage pushes a steady current of 4 bBZA into the 250 326 battery The voltage eventually peaks at 3cbV and the charging current Slows to about 1A The charging cycle is time limited to prevent damage 46 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com Ves AIRSEPT INCREASE YOUR REPAIR REVENUE amp CUSTOMER SATISFACTION PROBLEM SOLUTIO de LINE SPLICE NEW METRIC SIZES COMPRESSOR GUARD FIX LEAKS IN 5 MINUTES STOP COMPRESSOR COMEBACKS KITS AVAILABLE FOR Honda CRV TRS090 amp HS110 Ford 10S20F Crown Victoria 10PA 17 import GM R4 amp H Series Ford FS 10 amp FX 15 Chrysler A590 amp C171 D440A R134A LEAK DETECTOR FIND SMALL REFRIGERANT LEAKS FAST J2791 CERTIFIED E T j NEA i P sin li w 2 j E COMPRESSOR TURNER TOOL PREVENT
43. rstand a thing this bus 1s saying So what do I do now Well remember that this vehicle has a Diagnostic Junction Port for the PCI bus Figure 6 Chrysler techs have a tool that will adapt this plug right to the DRB3 I don t have that adapter but I have a method that works fine for me rrid 7753 779 1 784 788 3 7225 ms Pea Technology Art piperi com Figure 8 PLI bus waveform with only the HVAC module connected to the Bus www mastertechmag com April 2010 15 Do you see that red thing stuck in the port IfI pull that out all of those Violet Yellow wires become separated from the bus Once I ve done that I can use my trusty paper clip to connect them to the DLC pin 2 oneat a time Once I ve made that little jump I can do two things I can see if the scan tool will talk to that particular module and I can look at the waveform to see if it looks any different As you can see J the waveform has not changed much other than a shorter time base which spreads the waveform out and a minor difference in amplitude Nevertheless while I was looking at this waveform I was also talking successfully for the first time to the HVAC module with the DRB3 The procedure I followed is a bit tedious and time consuming but it works I Figure 8 DRB3S talking to the HVAL module 16 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com went down the line one by one and looked at the modules on
44. s before using this VE graph and it is usually a clear indication that the engine either has a clogged exhaust or a valve timing problem where the intake valves are not properly closing as the piston is reaching top dead center of the compression stroke Controls MutiToo Info EScen DTCs Monitors PIDs Digital Graphs Mode amp O2 Sharp SHOOTER www Atina com B151 2 B251 RIZE Al Te LE h Mom LJ Les f L aA RICH l EHTER CENTER CONTRO FIOBLEMI ONTROL PROSLEM E LIES FL iMi _ Mug MM m rile Br 8 andl it EST m INT RI Bei Trim Fuel Tum ed donari TampiF Irma Imt noma amp i maisun nihili See Vac HO 4 LET Autores Tee omer Em es F Reset Chart Elevation F evt Above Seu Len OMNE Throttle Position Sensor 95 ui gu i0 2 35 40 sh 0 70 bo 55 100 AVE Actual volumetrie Plow MAF Held _ TAF Tneorebcal Air Flow Oeiculated MEM Fuel Trim Volumetric EN Simin Power Fuet En Timing Cac Et Temperature Auto Diag coo Taurus Set Engine Size tora OE cube inches ERN Approximate Air Temp leq C Deg F EH wor MET Hates on Tesi Recut Oey accurali iftheottlo rs apwsdu opum position Mole accuraig under load eee Wenn E 1056 TAF igi 0 00 Wiin h T B 1 TS itin P 137 b F34 56 UE bw 6 00 Mimin i ES 86 a a 1E n BD 1200 TEM 24D0 3000 3600 4200 in 5400 BOY Revolutions Par Minute RPM Figure 3 A
45. s point that I used to be totally lost I did not know what to do next But let s think about it for a minute What can go wrong with a communications network such that all communication is lost The list is actually quite short The bus can be shorted to ground The bus can be shorted to power e One or more of the modules may be corrupting the signal on the bus e Possibly one or more of the modules is lacking power or ground generally this will drop out only the module with the problem though not the entire bus Ok so whats the next step Well using my LineSpi and my Pico scope I took a look at the waveform on Pin 2 of the DLC which is where my PCI bus reports to for the purposes of diagnosis Figure 5 I eliminated possibilities 1 and 2 with a simple single test The bus was not shorted either to power or to ground In fact the waveform looks just fine But I know itis not fine How do I know that Because neither scan tool understands the language that is being spoken There was no communication That is a simple but hard to grasp concept We techs who are used to looking at scope patterns Figure 7 Ihe Diagnostic Junction Port being jumped with a paper clip 16 0 20 D 748 3 753 7 758 0 752 3 55 1 want to SEE something bad But in this case we cannot see a thing yet we know it is bad because the tool that CAN see something there is the scan tool And it was telling me I can t unde
46. sed 1n the various ASE Certification areas These materials are available in printed and electronic formats and provide expanded technical information covering the knowledge necessary to successfully pass an ASE certification test Preparation improves performance no matter what challenge you re facing Its just common sense and in the case of ASE testing there are several things you can do to make sure you re ready To help ASE provides several preparation aids We offer free Study Guides at www ase com which contain the task lists and content areas explaining what areas of knowledge are measured on each test Test candidates can also view tutorials explaining how the ASE tests work and get valuable tips on how to take the test In addition ASE has launched a series of practice exams for ASE s most popular tests to give you a chance to try out ASE style tests before taking the certification exams which are also available on the website Its in this same spirit of responding to industry needs that ASE has also launcheda quiz for service personnel who are working in the growing maintenance and inspection field but aren t quite ready to take an ASE test It s called the Maintenance and Inspection Program Let s take a look at both programs Posted October e9 2010 Keyword ase The Official ASE Practice Tests The Official ASE Practice Tests are computer based and mimic the actual ASE CBT certification tests as closely
47. ster Technician Online www mastertechmag com the variable valve timing system on this vehicle so they decided to get a more in depth diagnosis before making any major decisions on where to go When it comes to variable valve timing systems there are indeed a lot of variables involved The basic strategy of the PCM is to determine how much duty cycle it will provide to each cam actuator solenoid to allow oil pressure to pass through the cam actuator thus moving the camshaft gear on the end of the camshaft to accommodate an advance or retard position relative to that of the crank A lot can go wrong such as a sticking solenoid or actuator or even clogged oil passages Blame poor oil maintenance or wear and tear from high mileage There are also electrical failures such as open or shorted actuator solenoid circuits or a possible failure of the solenoid driver within the PCM When I arrived at the shop I hooked up my generic Escan tool just to pull and verify the codes that had already been retrieved Figure 2 There were P0011 and P0022 which related to the position of Bank 1 s camshaft being over advanced and Bank 2 s camshaft being over retarded The PCM in this vehicle Posted October 3l 2010 Keyword driver s seat of the variable valve timing system The command was given to each camshaft to move to a certain position while the PCM had the ability to validate if the camshaft sprockets were actually i
48. t these collectible and memorable cars called Vintage Oval Racing But probably the most notable renaissance in the _ restoration preservation and campaigning of old race cars comes in the vintage sports car racing community Over the last ten years or more vintage sports car racing on road courses has grown dramatically in interest and participation The range of cars in this evolving sport is staggering including everything from little British bugeye Sprites to former Formula 1 cars originally Racing in the Past Lane III iL campaigned by the biggest names in motorsports names like Jackie Stewart and Graham Hill While some of these folks are sadly no longer with us many of the cars they drove still are And they like so many formerly raced sports cars are being found and brought back to safe racing specs by privateers who have the resources time and talent to restore them to their former glory Here s a quick run down on the state of vintage sports car racing The Cars Vintage sports car racing involves all sorts of interesting and varied cars Production cars are race prepared versions of cars originally built for street use Think Corvette Porsche MG Triumph Austin Healey Alfa Romeo Mustang Camaro pretty much anything built for the street But dont expect to see a Dodge Viper or year old Mustang in the mix remember we re talking vintage here Open wheel
49. time now that I have a level of confidence in what I was doing I hope this article will give you some level of confidence as well The Durango DN utilizes a Central Timer Module CTM This system is available in a Base or Highline configuration The CTM performs most of the typical functions a Body Control Module would perform The Base and Highline CTM provides the following features Battery Saver Functions for Exterior and Interior Lamps Cargo Lamps Chime Warning Courtesy Lamps eDome Lamps eDome Defeat Door Ajar Switch Status eFog Lamps Head Lamp Time Delay eIntermittent Wiper Controls eLow and High Beam Head Lamps Optical Horn Park Lamps Additional Features of Highline CTM Central Locking VTSS Door Lock Inhibit Driver Door Unlock Enhanced Accident Response Power Door Locks Remote Radio Remote Keyless Entry Vehicle Theft Alarm VTSS Figure Ic The functions of the Central Timer Module Our man John stays clean and comfortable while doing a successful diagnosis by John Anello The Auto Tech on Wheels was called to a shop on a 2006 Lincoln Navigator Figure 1 5 4L with a complaint of a rough running engine The techs pulled some O2 sensor lean and rich codes along with some variable valve timing codes They were not too familiar with the operation of Figure 1 C006 Lincoln Naviagtor with a complaint of a rough running engine e Ma
50. ts The customer was happy and I was happy to have been able to use information learned from the Network Diagnostic Strategies class to successfully deal with what would formerly have been a very scary diagnostic dilemma To summarize what did I need to successfully diagnose this vehicle I ve split the list up into have to have and nice to have Have to have e A scan tool that can talk to every module on the affected bus e An information system that will diagram bus operation and locate critical lt a components like the Diagnostic Junction Port A meter to look at bus voltages Nice to have eA LineSpi DLC breakout box or equivalent to give easy access to waveforms while providing a scan tool interface A lab scope to generated waveforms look at bus An adapter plug for the scan tool that would break into the bus via the Diagnostic Junction Port As I stated before I don t have the adapter plug for the scan tool the last item on the nice to have list I imagine it would have saved me quite a lot of time I would feel much less comfortable using a voltmeter as opposed to a lab scope doing this kind of work but essentially a voltmeter would have provided much the same information in this particular case I m not going to pretend this was a flat rate diagnosis I didn t check how long I spent but it was probably better than four hours much of it due to my uncertainty I will be faster next
51. us procedures than those Iouota is trying to protect us from Posted October 31 2010 Keyword juice whatever he wants about you and your shop to the customer This article contains a solution But first let s make sure everyone is on the same page Here in Berkeley California you can t throw a brick without hitting a hybrid most likely a Prius But not every city has the same population density of hybrids and some folks may be wondering why they d need an HV charger so let s start with that The Prius does not have a 12V starter motor The ICE Internal Combustion Engine is cranked at 1 200 RPM by one of the two electric motor generators called MG1 MGI can be a motor when cranking the ICE using power from the HV battery or a generator when the ICE drives it to charge the HV battery The MGI is also used to control gear ratio but that s not important for discussion here Our If the HV battery is too discharged the HV ECU will not attempt to Ready the car If the car is not Ready the ICE cant be started to spin the MGI Without the ICE and the www mastertechmag com April 2010 35 Out of Juice MGI the HV battery can t be charged Some of you may be thinking I wonder if I could use regen regenerative braking to charge the battery The answer is no If the car is not Ready the MG2 will still generate potential energy when you move the car but without an operational in
52. verter it can t be used to charge the battery So don t waste time pushing unless you need a good workout The battery cannot be charged unless the car is Ready and the car cannot be made Ready unless the battery is charged Its a Catch 22 If the HV battery is discharged the car is not going to go anywhere Why would this happen Toyota makes reliable products Why didnt the engineers plan for this Actually they did and the original Prius had an onboard charger However it did not make it into U S production models presumably because it added cost and was deemed unnecessary And perhaps it would be if Priuses were not driven by people Most of the time the HV battery will not become discharged In fact it s pretty rare The battery is normally operated between 4096 SOC State Of Charge and 60 SOC The HV battery ECU rarely lets the SOC out of this range during operation The ICE can be started until 36 Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com the battery pack reaches around 20 SOC So if the HV battery never drops below 40 SOC and the ICE can be started with as little as 20 SOC how can the pack become discharged How many times have you had a conventional car with a crank no start towed in to discover the 12V battery is now discharged on top of whatever problem caused the original crank no start Why Well your customer lives by the axiom If at first you don t succeed try try
53. w Jersey Motorsports Park in Millville NJ Links to the various race tracks can be found in the web sites of the various sanctioning bodies listed below The Organizations The Sportscar Vintage Racing Association SVRA is probably the biggest and best known organization in the vintage racing community They have rules that are recognized by most other sanctioning bodies and conduct races all around the country They welcome very high end cars of yesteryear as well as the more modest MGs and Triumphs The Vintage Racer Group VRG is a very active umbrella organization primarily in the northeast and works with many other organizations in sponsoring races There are many other vintage racing entities largely regional around the country Here s a quick run down of some of the more active groups Sportscar Vintage Racing Association www svra com Vintage Racer Group www vrgonline org Historic Sportscar Racing Ltd www hsrrace com primarily high end cars Vintage Auto Racing Association www vararacing com west coast Vintage Sports Car Club of America www vscca org northeast cars 1959 and older Historic Motor Sports Association www hmsausa com mostly southeast high end cars Historic Sportscar Racing West www hsrwestrace com west coast high end Cars Society of Vintage Racing Enthusiasts www sovren org Pacific northwest Vintage Sports Car Drivers Association www vscda org midwest Cl
54. what is necessary for for diagnostic purposes and therefore a this article and the one vehicle repair Iam tool like the LineSpi by AESwave is very going to cover The vehicle in question useful Figure 1 was equipped with two networks a Our vehicle was a 2001 Dodge Durango with a collection of odd complaints among which was a dash display that read no bus Figure 2 where it should have registered the mileage dash gauges that usually didn t work and occasional ringing of the door chime or seat belt chime even though the doors were closed and the seat belt fastened Figure e UJU Dodge Durango 4 7L No Bus Naturally I started my diagnosis with a scan tool I had on loan a Snap on Versus scan mnd tool Figure 3 with the latest A Menu i oat vence a software so I thought I would try it first It auto identified the vehicle without trouble which Geer Codes is always an encouraging start MEA I could not find a function on e 4 heal AES cates Lp Resr Whee ABS RAA the tool to scan all modules so o NAM I began checking them one at Functional Tests Troublashoote a time ABS HELP s Airbag Clear Codes ce I quickly found that I was able TOR iin to look at all data and codes in ATM Tests the PCM and the TCM I was unable to look at data in the Figure 3 Versus module capability www mastertechmag com April 2010 g Diagnosing Networks ABS module the Airbag module and the
55. who continue to race into their 70 s Most of the above organizations have drivers schools and of course there are professional high speed driving courses as well if your budget permits You can rent race cars and you can even buy a ready to drive but not ready to win entry level vintage race car for under 10 000 if that suits you Bear in mind that while your mechanical skills might allow you to build your own car to vintage standards its a universal truth that its much cheaper to buy a car than to build one And finally no matter what your level of involvement youll find vintage sports car racing to be fascinating memorable very family friendly and most of all fun Ihe Introducing the IRACERLINE PRO Alert 2791 This next generation electronic refrigerant leak detector utilizes a state of the art infrared sensor d for enhanced sensitivity and long life It features a user selectable three position sensitivity switch to minimize false triggering while allowing for easy diagnosis of small medium and large leaks Powered by a long life rechargeable NiMH battery Certified to meet new SAE J2791 standard for electronic refrigerant leak detectors Detects leaks down to 0 1 oz year Works with all refrigerants gt 1 000 hour sensor life gt High efficiency air sampling pump provides quicker response and clearing gt NiMH battery provides over six hours of use betwe
56. ylinders 5 6 7 and 8 all share the same Bank 2 cylinder head I was leaning toward a valve train problem with t at bank d Imovedontothecranking compression test that I have found to be a solid Ford IDt procedure that has yet to let me down Again thin uses the crank sensor to determine the speed of each cylinder Fower Balance Recording 1 Figure 4 Below Verify which cylinders were creating the roughness in the engine by using the power balance made ea Master Technician Online www mastertechmag com NU LOK PISTON CUSHION NEW TECHNOLOGY FROM THE INDUSTRY LEADER IT S QUICK QUIET AND COOL NUCAP SNAPS IN PLACE AND HOLDS TIGHT REDUCE NOISE REDUCE HEAT REDUCE COMEBACKS NOISE PREVENTION The hi temp rubber coated No brake job is truly complete without the NU LOK Piston Cushion NUCAP the Brake Technology Company has developed this revolutionary new product to create a barrier between the piston surface and brake pad The NU LOK Piston Cushion is a snap to use It improves noise control while extending caliper life Keep quiet keep cool with the NU LOK Piston Cushion improve performance in everyday braking conditions and during extreme braking maneuvers FOR A QUICK AND COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION TO NOISY BRAKES ORDER NOW AT WWW PISTONCUSHION COM NU LOK Piston Cushion based on floating design principles is designed to absorb movement and minimiz
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