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1. 12 issues 10 50 UK overseas 14 50 Published Monthly Edited by RONALD COHEN 62 BLENHEIM CRESCENT LONDON W 11 SHAMBLES AT STATUS 1500 Having hitherto boasted of care ard attention in the avoidance of errors I am obliged to enclose a correction sheet revised page 42 and revised page 61 I must express my profound apologies I must also thank John Kerr and others for pointing these errors out aene Please note new subscription rates above I had not wished to raise rates yet but as you realise the newsletter is almost always thicker than originally intended thus costs more to produce and very much more to post Also the 6 months subscription which was an introductory offer ijs being phased out However at present the new rates only apply to new subscribers Current subscribers including those joining before 1st September may subscribe or renew at the old rates Indeed anyone may renew at the old rates for any period ahead they care to risk ar _ UNTIL Ist SEPTEMBER 1983 I am sorry to tell you that all relations with SHARP have now been broken completely after a stormy interview at which I was accused of being offensive and underhand This means that I shall no longer be able to bring you various snippets of news as in the past it also means that I shall be spared the agonies of frustration involved in trying to get some sense out of SHARP At times like these2. Bvs BZR ezs cov CIN CPA cpi oca ocs oec oat DRR EAI EOR HLT ine TTA Me LOA LE Lor Lox LIN Lo oP indicate a correct op code it is only there to help you ind the first appearance of this maeronic on the chart on page 61 ABSREVIATIONS falso see p 61 u UNCONDITIONAL id TEMP 2 M O ACCUMULATOR REGISTER Sree OR CONTENTS OF REGISTER HAE os m ACCORDING 70 CONTEXT OH T M PAGE 61 but not i v VECTOR e a all v jumps reset 2 DEON E ION flp FLIPFLOP c IN SUBTRACTIONS THE Com INVERSE OF C IS USE P PROGRAM COUNTEI c CARRY S STACK POINTER BCD IN BINARY DECIMAL CODE 2 AHO or resets BF PR ORA AOR Q GA RA SR ort 48 QOR i EQ M exer POP BA see note PSR See note KRtiser dear bit RDP resets displayfip REC gec RIE 79 OIE ROL see note B ROR ROL reversed RPU seru fip RPV gerv En return from interupt to mein routine Er return to Sesic sac A Q sBi 3 A soc G R R 16R E soe 16 display fip d Sec 5 1 uas sit A SHR a F7 UO xetgx fs SIE ls 56 A Q see mote 2 SiN nea Reign uc Q see note 3 SJP SE usb next instruction 8C A R C amp A BCD to stack 8t A R T e A sPu 1 e PU fip 2 0180 Sev A8 1 9 PV 07 see note 4 STA AeQ 03 converse of DRL sx X 8 R P S BD A XOR i A TIN X e v xeiex g0 A XOR Q Yelev 81 halts MPU TA Tea resum via IE vc
3. PC 1500 service manual He wrote to SHARP UK but as so often happens received no reply However he has found another source ATLANTIC NORTHEAST MARKETING INC PO BOX 921 MARBLEHEAD MA 01945 USA This cost him 10 and they also stock the SHARP Technical Reference Manual at 20 as well as some very interesting hardware and software for PC 1500 For WAGNER read SPIEDEL t appears that WALTER SPIEDEL has the exclusive rights for the WAGNER extensions for outside Germany His address POSTFACH 1168 D 7320 GOPPINGEN W GERMANY understand that I was wrong about the TOOLKITS They can in fact be used without the extensions to memory they come in the form of modules which plug in to the back of the CE 150 The agent in UK for Walter Spiedel is ELKAN ELECTRONICS who also now have in stock Centronics Cables for CE 158 at 38 05 Two other intersting sources of add ons in Germany KAUNE ELECTRONIK BERLINER STRASSE 113 5600 WUPPERTAL 2 supply a 26K module at DM 449 with reduction to DM 378 if you exchange a CE 155 RASSO VON SCHLICHTEGROLL PARKSTRASSE 30 8000 MUNCHEN 2 have a MACROASSEMBLER with dissassembler at DM 178 and a Basic TOOLKIT on Eprom with 11 new commands at DM 328 71 Do not sell this PDF MACHINE CODE MNEMONICS explanations Btease note that the entry in brackets after each mnemonic does NOT ADC ADI ADR AEX ang AMI AND ANI ATP ATT CH BCR acs BHR BHS En BIT BvR
4. the expressions in brackets For the IF to be fulfilled both must be true i e both must return 1 so that the whole IF statement returns 1 and this is the same as 10 IF A X B Y In both cases if either statement is false and returns f then the whole IF statement returns false It is OR that works the same as 10 IF A X OR B Y needs only one true expression Thus 10 IF A X B Y will return Kif either expression is true But the computer has in fact not multiplied or added with AND and OR It has done a logical AND or a logical OR with the 1s and fs returned We must here return to considering Binary There is a hint of it on page 42 Take any two numbers in their binary form 11001110 AND 10010100 gives 10000100 Imagine that the computer puts 1 only where 1 exists in the same posit on in both numbers Whereas when using OR the computer gives 1 where there is a 1 in that position in either number 11001110 OR 10010100 gives 11011110 Try this on a fcw numbers Key 85 AND 99 Then try 85 OR 99 Work out what they are in Binary and the decimal equivalent of the Binary results and you will see how it works It is particularly useful with Screen Graphics Try keying the following a GPRINT 85 99 b GPRINT 85 AND 99 c GPRINT 85 OR 99 Take any value you like for X up to 127 Key Yz127 X Then key a GPRINT X Y b GPRINT X OR Y c GPRINT X AND y Th
5. this PDF DISTRESS SIGNALS ROGER SVENSSON MALCOLM RAY and JOHN KERR all point out that in fact the ON key does not return which was merely returned because no key had been pressed after turning on it returns 14 although this is not actually its ASCII code and send me machinecode programs proving my error on page 5h C NORTH points out that my program on page 55 can be beaten by keeping a finger on the ON key I shall avoid the ON key for a while SIMON COX recommends the TANDY Service Manual about 3 as far more informative than the SHARP version K SOUTHGATE has a problem with a program which requires entering a formula and tabul ing the results When there is an error the original formula is irretrievable You need an EVAL routine The first line of your program should be JO REM OO 80 dots Enter each form la as a string A and then poke each character of the string into the REM line and RUN in the usual wag This is the Principle of it but must be written with exactitude BENJAMIN THUM of Kuala Lumpur has written a suite of architectural programs and would be happy to supply information on these to any reader seriously interested As well as the PC 1500 he uses a NEWBRAIN and would like to get in touch with any reader who uses the same combination PETE ELDRIDGE asks me whether if money were no object would prefer to extend menory with some CE 159s or with the WAGNER conversion I
6. 80 F T I has been connected by I LITTLEWOOD C NORTH has also been successful but does not specify the printer If any reader wishes to use one of the machines mentioned above will forward any queries o the above experts However N GORMAN has been trying to make an Olivetti 41 work with the CE 158 and no less than 6 technicians have retired defeated LATEST NEWS the 7th technician succeeded 65 Do not sell this PDF PEEK POKE amp MEMORY VII CLOAD M and NEW nnnnn These are two very powerful tools either used separately or in conjunction with each other NEW nnnnn nnnnn stands for an address can be keyed before writing or CLOADing a program The program will then start at the address you have specified and not at the normal start of program area For instance if you wished for space to hold a machine code routine 100 bytes long and assuming you have the 8K extension so that programs start normally at 15533 you could key NEW 14633 and then any BASIC program you write or CLOAD will start at 14633 leaving space for your m c routine between 14533 and 14633 Your BASIC program will RUN etc in the normal way and you will not be aware of its strange start address It can be wiped out by keying NEW and the space you reserved for the routine will still be protected the protection will only be removed by NEW or NEW nnnnn being the original start of program area address This echnique can also be used i
7. DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW T is backed up by the suggestion that since there is no big screen access the PCi5 2 is not semes orientcted and therefore it is programs for serious use that are required would answer this with the fact that most minor business appl ications can be discovered in a number of books whose BASIC is minimally different from ours conversion is easy in any cose c definition of lt serious use can hardly be limited to purely managerial use doctors pilots divers engineers and scientists have other interests besides cash flow On a more philosophice level it hos been sussesied that elt these PEEKS and POKES and sc on are abhorrent io c classical programmer who wishes to write prosrams which ore clearly comprehensible and easily maintained by aother user l must repiy that simple structured programs cre beyond the capabilities of most of us Sur programs tend to be experimental and erow like cultures Perhaps hey should be rewritten but we do not have time further objections firstiy BASIC does not lend itself easily to structured programming and lt clever gt programming is often necessitated to cram programs into the very limited memory Slowness of CLOADins is another motive for keeping ones programs shori at onu cost Secondiu the exotica dealt with in the newsletter are needed because of the enormous sap between the capabilities of the machine and the limited BASIC delin
8. I almost feel like giving up and would seriously think of doing so were it not for so very many kind letters of support from subscribers all over the world These are indeed appreciated However if any subscribers feels he would like to take over from me the burdens of this newsletter I would be happy to discuss this I am not able to convey to you the contempt with which SHARP have spoken of your enthusiasm and interest in their products on the grounds of your restricted number and influence They are naturally interested in volume sales and refuse to admit that your goodwill or your opinions are of the slightest value CONTENTS 63 SHAMBLES AT STATUS 1500 69 DELETE 64 LETTER FROM SHARP 63 SUPERSALVAGE 65 DISTRESS SIGNALS 70 SIXPACK reviewed 66 PEEK POKE amp MEMORY VII 71 MC ROUTINES locations 67 INTENTIONS 71 MARKET PLACE information 67 MINDBOGGLE CORNER 72 MNEMONICS explained 68 AND AND OR 73 Advertisement Do not sell this PDF SHARP SHARP ELECTRONICS U K 1 LTD Snarp House Thorp Road Manchester 810 SBE Telephone 051 205 2333 Telex 688380 Sharp GI Telegrams Sharptron Manchesier ow ne AM PGW Your Rel one 20th July 1982 Mr R Cohen 62 Blenhein Crescent London Wii Dear Mr Cohen As promised Sharp Electronics UK Ltc neve now released the PC 1500 TetnnicaleReference Manual which will be available through our Calculator Service Department at a price of 20 00 incl
9. K F 13 AND PEEK F PEEK F 3 3 4 136070 120 38 1F PEEK F 13 LET FF PEEK F 3 100 F F POKE F 2 55 118 INT F7256 B F 256xa C PEEK STATUS 3 4 DzPEEK STATUS 3 3 128 POKE 38821 C D A BC D POKE 256xC 0 STATUS 1 247 69 Do not sell this PDF SIXPACK Software Review am trapped in an underground cavern being bombarded with rocks by zn unspeakable SCRAMBLOID This is one but only one of my excuses for the newsletter being late this month There are as you may have guessed six proorams on this excellent cassette and all of them run on the unexpanded machine Some of them found less valuable to me than others but even discounting the programs which liked least this cassette is still first class value The manual is utilitarian rather then glossy the real presentation comes on the cassette itself One side consists simply of the programs on the other each program is prefaced by a finely presented and organised introduction which tells you almost all you need to know Since there are 6 programs to review my comments on cach ere necessarily brief 30 allows the input of a series of points and you specify what lines you want joining them The image is then drawn 3 dimensimally at a slight angle You can then TILT ROLL and ROTATE the image and it will be redrawn in accordance with your instructions A great help is the fact that optionally you may impose th
10. PSON and is DDD SOFTWARE 150 High Street Tw rton Bath price 6 95 70 Do not sell this PDF MACHINE CODE ROUTINES where to put them The ideas suggested so far have been 1 In the part of memory devoted to fixed variables taking care not to use those variables whose normal home is otherwise occupied 2 In the Reserve Template Area starting at STATUS 2 STATUS 1 189 3 In a REM line starting the BASIC program If the routine is POKEd into the address immediately following the REM the BASIC program will not be interfered with but the routine can still be called from this address Here are 3 further ideas 4 DIMension a dummy variable such as DIM X 1 80 and this would give 167 bytes free for m c routines Suggested by John Kerr The address of the routine could be referenced by STATUS 3 5 In the no mans land between the end of BASIC program and the beginning of the area you have used for yourDIMensioned and 2 chr variables Such addresses could be referenced from STATUS 2 6 At the beginning of the normal program area by delaying the start of the program area actually used with the NEW nnnnn facility described on page Provided you make use of the CSAVE M and CLOAD M techniques also described in this months PEEK POKE amp MEMORY there is no real problem except for the necessity of planning exactly what you wish to do MARKETPLACE INFORMATION RAYMOND MINTOFF has being trying to obtain the
11. ching on 3 levels or on key words Max no of records per tape 256 Ideal for mailing lists sus stock control systems etc ELKAN PRICE 19 95 SHARP CE 15A PROGRAM TAPE 0 minute software tape contains 14 programs not listed in the applicaticns manual ELKAN PRICE 14 95 TEXT HANDLING PROGRAM Our first program for tbe CE 153 software panel Needs 4K or BK RAM Each of the 140 squares can hold up to 45 characters each Very fast A unique progren ELKAN PRICE 19 95 EASI TREND 1500 Our very latest program for the 1500 A statistical forecasting Program using the statistical technique of regression analysis that attempts to fit a series of mathematical curves to your data Enables you to see if Mesue any meaningful relationship between sets of data or to see if something is changing in a predictable way over a period of time Editing Flexibility Large Capacity High Speed Excellent Graphics Data quality tape and 40 page manual reference book E KAN PRICE 19 95 Send cash chequs Visa or Access card number for quick delivery A1 ELKAN PRICES include V A T where applicable and U K post and packing charges except for books only Trade quantity and dealer enquiries all welcome Write or phone for details Do not sell this PDF
12. e X Y Z axes on the image found some difficulty making the best use of the facilities provided understand an 8K version of this program from the same source will appear later this year with addtiona explanations and controls SCRAMBLOID has been mentioned above it is a simple screen arcade game probably within the capacity of an average child although it defeated your editor NOUGHTS AND CROSSES needs the printer It answers Ist degree threats but some 2nd degree threats are ignored so it is possible to beat the computer An intelligent child should have a slight edge just about broke even LURGO the author s favourite allows the creation of images on the screen by cursor movements without complex mathematics and the formulae for these images can then be printed out Most useful for anyone trying to develop a screen game or characters The COLOR DEMO demonstrates the color possibilities of the machine by combining colors Very clever and decorative but doubt if one would use it often My own favorite is GRID which requires a little more explanation than is provided A grid is shown with X and Y axes Input a formula in the terms of Z values of X and Y and the grid is distorted ir terms of z Below is the result of 2 100 ABS X720 ABS Y 720 For the mathematically minded it is most valuable and for the less mathematical it is still great fun SIXPACK is written by CHARLIE SIM
13. eated the manual A newsletter such as this is intended to help you get the best out of your computer and to enjoy it It is not intended as a cheap source of business software for managers who are too busy to write their own programs and too economical to purchase them lt is my job to help you find ihe tools and to help you use them It is not my job to dis your ditches for you MINDBOGGLE CORNER The winner of the JUNE competition is C J NORTH see page 45 gt Here is his solution The ingenious statement COLOR 3 AND N is not strictly necessary but makes it clearer how the pattern is developed POKF 31228 36 FOR N 64TO 22 COLOR 3AND N LPRINT CHR N NEXT N The clue was on page 42 ASC is 42 No compet n this month MINDBOGGLE will resume in September Do not sell this PDF 67 OR AND AND AND AND AND OR By which of course we mean OR and AND and AND and OR But the computer cannot hear the tone of voice in which the above are pronounced and does not understand at all A difficulty with AND and OR is that they are used in a way very different to their ordinary convewetional meanings In particular AND does not mean In fact its Boolean equivalent is This seems strenge and the rest of this page will try to explain You remember that if a statement is true it returns 1 and if false it returns f see page 53 So 10 IF A X AND B Y has given 1 for each of
14. hen put any one of them into memory anywhere convenient such as template area variable areas or space reserved by the NEM nnnn technique described above The CSAVE M and CLOAD M techniques could also be used to lift a chunk of a program such as a mass of DATA statements and place it at the end of another In this case you would have to be very careful of your addresses and since this is not the same as CLOADing a program the system pointers are not automatically adjusted nor is the end of program marker so you you would have to adjust these manually and exactly At first sight this all seems rather complicated But work through it slowly and carefully and it will soon make sense and is a wonderful bonus for anyone who wishes to have power over the machine he is using 66 Do not sell this PDF INTENTIONS Several very interesting communications from readers have called in question the function of this newsletter and therefore take this opportunity to re affirm uhat 1 believe its function should be This is to help readers to know the full capabilities of the computer they are usin to point out elementary tricks they may have misced to publicise what hardware and sofiware are available to Put readers with similar interests in touch with each other to criticise and to entertain lt has been suggested that too much space is devoted to exotica such as STATUS CODES and not enough to useful Programs such as
15. is gives a blank screen Can you see why 68 Do not sell this PDF DELETE MERGE this program with the subject program and execute by DEF D Time to delete 8K from 9K program about 3 minutes to delete 1K from 9K program about 7 minutes 188 D INPUT Ist linez R 8 1 112 115 112 128 FOR F STATUS 2 STATUS 1 3TO s 138 IF PEEK F 13 GOSUS 588 148 158 168 128 F 180 POKE F L PEEK F 185 PRINT F 198 NEX F 218 T S L J 1 256 V 215 POKE 32825 PEEK 38821 PEEK 38822 228 POKE T 255 POKE 32823 U V 238 BEEP 3 END 580 Y2256XPEEK F 1 PEEK F 2 518 1F Y ALET J F NT T 25 J BEEP 520 1F Y BLET K F l BEEP 1 3 PEEK F 3 F STATUS 395 In September superfast Machine Code version of this program if debugged SUPERSALVAGE This is a geedier automatic version of SALVAGE on page 25 In certain rare cases it can fail but what have you got to lose Normally it will salvage up to the end of the last uncorrupted line FROM THE KEYBOARD aj CLEAR ENTER b POKE STATUS 3 4 PEEK 30821 PEEK 30822 ENTER c NEW STATUS 3 300 ENTER d CLOAD the program below and execute by RUN The time taken to salvage a 4K cassette which had ERROR 44 in the last 2 lines was 3 minutes as fast as CLOADing the cassette S WAlT 8 18 FOR F 256XxPEEK STATUS 3 4 PEEK STATUS 3 732 3T0 STATUS 3 381 20 1F PEE
16. n another way Quite often you have a long program in memory and wish to retain it but meanwhile also want to work on a short experimental program you do not wish to start with enormous line numbers to distinguish it from the first program nor to wipe out the earlier program in order to work on the new one This is now simple Before starting writing or CLOADing the new program key NEW STATUS 2 The old program disappears and the new one is written or CLOADed in the normal way When you have finished with it key NEW then key NEW Everything disappears Then key CALL 14344 or wherever you have hidden the Simon Cox Instant Rescue described on page 56 And quite miraculously the former long program reappears and you are back where you started Unlike MERGE there is no interference with RUN or editing and the only disadvantage is that after NEW STATUS 2 the expression STATUS 2 STATUS 1 can no longer be used as reference point for the start of program area address CSAVE M is used to lift a section of code from a specific address and the converse CLOAD M to place that chunk of code anywhere you like The forms are a CSAVE M FILENAME nnnnn mmmmm these being the start and end addresses of code inclusive b CLOAD M FILENAME nnnnn being the new address at which you want the code to start The forms must be followed exactly Using these facilities you could store you machinecode routines on cassette and t
17. n cvsb if CoB 40 2 Q ves if Cet BA INPUT A VEJ 84 ub to i j VaR cvsb if Hag GM gen vas Hel a7 R eA a teR ves byte FF 48 ie g Towbyte i g8 R P S 6 X ws cvsb if Ve1 2 reset 45 R eA ReteR vir cvsb if 28 88 see note 5 vzs if Zel 38 no operation sores 1 High order 4 bits exchanged with low order 4 bits 2 I A Q then C 1 and 2 0 if AQ then Cel and 2 1 if A Q then C 0 and 2 0 3 IF Qi etc as above 4 Left rotation between A and R in units of 4 bits 5 When subtracting l fro UL produces borrow then next step If no borrow relative jump according to i 6 Contents of S returned to Q If Q A S S 1 but if Q R then S S 2 7 Contents of Q stacked as directed by S If OFA then S S l but if Q R then S S 2 8 Contents of A rotated left through C Do not sell this PDF 72 11 Bury New Road Prestwich Manchester M25 8JZ Telephone 051 798 7613 24 hour service EEUM E POCKET COMPUTER SOFTWARE ELECTRONICS Scerise FOR SHARP PC1500 TANDY PC EASI CALC 1500 Dur most popular program A spreadsheet program Ideal for problem solving an What if types of questions Up to 26sols or 99 rows Needs 8K RAM CE150 and tape recorder Data quality tape and 30page manual ELKAN PRICE 19 95 NEW NEW EASI FILE 1500 Data base management progrem that acts as a card index system in your pocket Program features rapid sorting techniques sear
18. ts a question of horses for courses For some applications I would like 26K memory on the other hand 1 have a number of K programs which I would very much like to plug in I believe WAGNER do a substitute CE 159 for use with their conversion on the other hand their Toolkit modules could no longer be plugged into this space Anyway if money were no object I would probably buy a different machine which was better supported THORKILD RASMUSSEN writes from Denmark to say that the memory in his PC 1500 is full up and since he has no printer or cassette recorder he has to buy a new computer and the new one will probably be a TEXAS CCl0 and will consider writing about other machines as well as tre PC 1500 I cannot help being reminded of the Texas millionaire who bought 2 new Rolls Royce whenever the ashtrays were full on his present one Before getting a new computer for every program why not consider the WAGNER extensions or surely the CE 159 or several of them would serve your purposes As for writing about other machines in a newsletter dedicated to the PC 1500 I cannot write about computers to which I do not have access but if you care to send me a few Iwill be bappy to write about them A number of readers write of successes in connecting printers to the PC 1500 via che CE 158 ANDREW HALSEY has connected a Tandy Color Printer K SOUTHGATE has connected a Seikosha and a Smith Corona printer typewriter while an Epson MX
19. usive This manual wes Specifically written to try to answer the meny questions we have had regarding machine Code Language on the PC 1500 you ill also find it contains other useful inform ation such as the circuit diagrams for the PC 1500 end its peripherals We do hope that the enclosed nanu with ovr compliments wil prove make your monthly newsletter of more interesting which is being sent to you and hopefully ber even Assuring you of our best intentions at a l times Yours sincerely Ulea A Moran Calculator Service Department GOOD AEE DE EAE DE AEDE E AE EEEE AEE IEE E EE E E SE E EE EE OA E E E ASE AE SE E AE E AEE AEE E EE ERE EA E DE AEAEE AE E EEE n noon After the incidents described on the front page of this newsletter was more than amazed to receive the letter from SHARP reproduced above The Technical Reference Manual is indeed the same as the expected Programming Manual am delighted that have lost my bet see page 51 At first sight the Manual contains a wealth of information not only Machine Code in great detail but also a number of detailed Memory Maps Circuit Diagrams and some commands m ssing from the normal Instruction Manual The explanations of these commands tends to be in inscrutable Janglish unfortunately and the price which is 50 higher than in USA will deter most would be purchasers A ful review will appear in September STATUS 1500 64 Do not sell
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