forklift safety guide administrator manual - e
Contents
1. a Ask someone to tell you if it a Pedirle a alguien que le avise si se starts to move empieza a mover b Be in clear view of it and no b Mantenerse a la vista y no alejado a more than 25 feet away m s de 25 pies del veh culo c Be no father away than 45 feet if C No alejarse m s de 45 pies si es you re helping load stock qu est ayudando a almacenar carga True False Answer Key Multiple Choice 1 T 2 F 3 T 4 T 5 T 6 T Answer Key 7 F 1 a 8 T 2 C 9 T 3 C 10 T 4 a 5 b 6 b Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 7 Practice Drills Ejercicios de pr ctica AAA AAA A This information is provided so that the trainer has ideas for the Se proporciona esta informaci n para que la persona a cargo de skills portion of the OSHA requirements for certification lt la capacitaci n tenga ideas para la secci n de aptitudes que provides suggestions on maneuvering that can be staged in the OSHA exige para la certificaci n Provee sugerencias acerca de work environment to assist in building the practical skills for c mo manobriar la m quina que pueden concretarse en el safer forklift operation entorno de trabajo para contribuir a generar las aptitudes pr cticas para una operaci n m s segura del montacargas Exercise Circle 20 pts A Ejercicio Circulo 20 puntos Driver travels around the circle twice with lowered empty forks One trip is made forward and the other in reverse He is not permitted to g2. BA Steering techniques for type of machine being used by operator Proper positioning of all Parking brake controls switches parking unattended Proper capacity for truck used Selecting loads Proper size load for visibility and safe handling Toad tilted back against back rest Carries load low just high enough to clear floor obstacles Smooth starting and stopping J Driving with load Properspeed OS TO Sounds horn at intersections and corners Keeps to the right in aisles used for two way traffic Travels atleast three lengths behind other vehicles Handles load in manner to prevent product damage A Y Stacks straight and squarely Does not tier too high Deposits load safely does not use excessive tilt action When selecting top load for pickup uses proper form spread for load Removes load and lowers to safe level before making turn to proceed in direction of desired travel Check bridge plates and dock boards before Dock Safety crossing m Checks trailers for proper wheel chocking before entering and proper jack installation of trailers where B required loading conditions Approaches loads squarely Stacks straight and squarely Cd Smooth starting and stopping Maneuvering skills Sharp turns forward and reverse e Proper speed Looks in direction of travel Carries forks low Clears obstacles by safe distance Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 13 Prueba d
3. safety training services including videos and written programs can be located on various Internet websites Most videos can be either leased or purchased One important thing to remember is that simply by showing employees a video or videos on some aspect of forklift Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 16 safety does not meet the full requirements of the OSHA standard Site specific information must be conveyed as well as a method to evaluate the employee s acquired knowledge subsequent to the training 5 If my employees receive training from an outside consultant how will know that these employees have been adequately trained Outside qualified training organizations can provide evidence that the employee has successfully completed the relevant classroom and practical training However each employer must ensure that each powered industrial truck operator is competent to operate a truck safely as demonstrated by the successful completion of the training and evaluation 6 My employees receive training from the union on the use of powered industrial trucks Will have to provide any additional training When a worker reports to work the employer must evaluate the employee to ensure that he she is knowledgeable about the operation of the powered industrial trucks he she will be assigned to operate This evaluation could be as simple as having a person with the requisite skills knowledge and experience observe the operat
4. automobile Forklift controls and instrumentation Where they Diferencias entre el montacargas y un automovil are located what they do and how they work Controles e instrumentos del montacargas donde estan ubicados qu funci n cumplen y Engine or motor operation c mo funcionan Steering and maneuvering Operaci n de la m quina o motor Visibility including restrictions due to loading Forklift attachments operation and use limitations Visibilidad incluyendo restricciones por cargas l Operaci n de los accesorios del montacargas y Forklift capacity limitaciones del uso Forklift stability Capacidad del montacargas Forklift inspection and maintenance by the Estabilidad del montacargas operator Refueling and or charging and recharging of El operador debe examinar y proporcionar batteries mantenimiento al montacargas Operating limitations Recarga de combustible y bater as Operating instructions warnings or precautions Limitaciones de la operaci n listed in the operator s manual Instrucciones de operaci n advertencias o precauciones indicadas en el manual de operaci n Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 2 Workplace Related Topics Surface conditions where the forklift will be operated Composition of loads to be carried and load stability Load manipulation stacking and unshackling Pedestrian traffic where the forklift will be operated Narrow aisles and other restricted places wh
5. for new types of equipment and areas of operation 15 How do I evaluate my employee s competency to operate a truck safely Evaluation of an operator s performance can be determined by a number of ways such as e adiscussion with the employee e an observation of the employee operating the powered industrial truck e written documentation of previous training e aperformance test 16 Will OSHA provide training to my truck operators No It is the employer s responsibility to train the employees 17 Will have to train all employees in my workplace Any employee that operates a powered industrial truck must be trained 18 Will have to ensure that my operator s are physically capable of driving a powered industry truck The new standard does not contain provisions for checking vision hearing or general medical status of employees operating powered industrial trucks The Americans With Disabilities Act ADA addresses the issue of whether employers may impose physical qualifications upon employees or applicants for employment The ADA permits employers to adopt medical qualification requirements which are necessary to assure that an individual does not pose a direct threat to the health or safety of other individuals in the workplace provided all reasonable efforts are made to accommodate otherwise qualified individuals Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 18 19 I have three different types of trucks in my workpla
6. in the workplace the employer must evaluate the operator s performance and determine the operator to be competent to operate a powered industrial truck safely Refresher training is needed whenever an operator demonstrates a deficiency in the safe operation of the truck 3 Does OSHA provide a list of topics to include in my training program Yes The standard provides a list of training topics however the employer may exclude those topics which are not relevant to safe operation at the employee s work location 4 Who should conduct the training All training and evaluation must be conducted by persons with the necessary knowledge training and experience to train powered industrial truck operators and evaluate their competence An example of a qualified trainer would be a person who by possession of a recognized degree certificate or professional standing or who by extensive knowledge training and experience has demonstrated the ability to train and evaluate powered industrial truck operators There are many resources available to the employer if he she chooses not to perform the training himself Truck manufacturers local safety and health safety organizations such as the National Safety Council local chapters private consultants with expertise in powered industrial trucks local trade and vocational schools are some available resources Various Internet sites are devoted to forklift safety Private companies who provide forklift
7. of a large load in front of you it is better to drive backwards than try to see around it on one side When taking a load up a ramp with greater than a 10 percent slope the forks should be on the up side It is permissible to let another person operate your truck if he says he knows how When traveling with a load the mast should be tilted back When loading a highway truck or trailer chock or block the wheels even if the driver says he set the brakes Parked trucks should never block fire equipment fire doors or exits Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Cierto o Falso Conteste Cierto C o Falso F a las siguientes declaraciones 1 10 La carga maxima permitida debera mostrarse en la placa de identificacion del montacargas Es permisible sobrecargar el vehiculo un 25 por ciento si se usan contrapesos adicionales La carga no deber ser manejada si no est estable o bien asegurada y que se pueda desatar mientras se est moviendo Lugares resbalosos causados por aceite y agua pudieran incrementar la distancia del frenado o causar la p rdida del control de maniobra Si usted no puede mirar debido a que tiene una carga voluminosa enfrente de usted es mejor conducir hacia atr s y luego tratar de mirar alrededor de la carga por uno de los lados Al recoger una carga viajando hacia una rampa con una inclinaci n mayor del 10 por ciento las horquillas deber n mantenerse elevadas
8. partes e instrucci n formal como disertaciones debates aprendizaje inform tico interactivo v deos y o material escrito e capacitaci n pr ctica que incluye demostraciones pr cticas efectuadas por quien capacita y ejercicios que debe realizar el empleado e una evaluaci n de la eficacia de la capacitaci n mediante la observaci n del desempe o del operador al trabajar con el montacargas Esta evaluaci n se debe repetir al menos una vez cada tres a os Deben organizarse cursos de actualizaci n si se observa que el operador no opera el veh culo prudentemente se accidenta casi llega a accidentarse o si se le asigna otro tipo de veh culo Page 1 The list of topics below must be covered Deben incluirse todos los temas indicados when training a forklift operator A topic en la siguiente lista cuando se capacita al need not be covered if it does not apply to operador de un montacargas Pueden safe operation of the forklift in the evitarse aquellos temas que no employer s workplace correspondan al uso prudente del montacargas en el lugar de trabajo del empleado Forklift Related Topics Temas relacionados con el Operating instructions warnings and montacargas precautions for types of forklift the operator will Instrucciones de operaci n advertencias y be authorized to operate precauciones para los tipos de montacargas que Differences between the forklift and an el operador estar autorizado a operar
9. prueba implica colocar dos paletas y dos cajas de paletas dentro de un rectangulo de 4 por 16 pies Esta area representa el rea ubicada dentro del dep sito Deben cargarse todas las paletas Se las debe colocar tan juntas como sea posible No se permite que el conductor d marcha atr s para cambiar la ubicaci n de una paleta Se deben quitar y devolver al rea de dep sito todas las paletas en orden inverso al que se levantaron Ejercicio Carga de vagones 10 puntos Se colocan en el extremo dos paletas cada una con una caja alambrada m s pesada en la parte superior que en la inferior de aproximadamente 42 x 22 x18 y se las carga en el vag n simulado Cada conductor coloca dos tarimas en el vag n como se les indica Despu s de haber cargado las dos paletas cada conductor practica descargarlas El conductor debe procurar no perder la carga en ning n momento g g Page 10 Exercise Trailer Loading 10pts Each driver loads two pallets side by side in the simulated trailer until each driver has had a turn loading Then each driver unloads two pallets in turn and returns them to the storage area Exercise Narrow Aisle 10 pts With a loaded pallet on the forks the driver enters the end of the aisle and proceeds to the extreme end The pallet is positioned at the end of the aisle The driver backs up half the length of the aisle then re approaches and picks up the pallet He then backs out
10. tres a os Registros de Capacitaci n y Evaluaci n El empleador debe llevar un registro que indique que todo operador de montacargas ha recibido capacitaci n El registro incluye el nombre del operador la fecha de capacitaci n fecha de evaluaci n y el nombre de la s persona s a cargo de la capacitaci n y evaluaci n Page 3 Course Outline for Training Bosquejo del Curso de Capacitacion ASA AAA Introduction Emphasize importance of training and hazards new and experienced drivers Mechanics of a Forklift Center of gravity load limits and balance Practical Demonstration of Truck Control and Safety Devices Inspections and Maintenance Responsibility for maintenance Completed forms Safe Driving and Traffic Rules Practical Unloaded and with boxes on skids and pallets Special Operating Rules Loading trailers and freight cars aisles intersections and ramps Practical Demonstration and practice of all movements with load Load trailer and freight car stacking and moving special shapes Emergency Procedures and Refueling Battery charging Accident and hazard reporting Review safety and operating rules Written Examination Practical Demonstration of Refueling Driving Test Maneuvers through obstacle course Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Introducci n Enfatizar la importancia de la capacitaci n y los peligros conductores nuevos y con experiencia Funcionali
11. Es permisible dejar que otra persona maniobre su veh culo si l le dice que sabe c mo Al desplazarse con una carga el m stil deber mantenerse inclinado hacia atr s Al cargar una troca comercial o remolque coloque calzos o atore las ruedas aunque el conductor le diga que puso los frenos Veh culos estacionados nunca deben bloquear el equipo contra incendios puertas o salidas de emergencia Page 5 Written Test Examen Escrito EA Multiple Choice select the answer which is Respuestas M ltiples seleccione la most correct and circle the letter respuesta correcta encerrando la letra en un c rculo 1 The rear end steering of forklift trucks 1 La direcci n de viraje trasera del a Causes the rear end to swing more montacargas than an auto a Causa que la parte trasera gire b Is about the same as an auto m s que la de un autom vil c The rear end swings less than an b Es casi igual a la de un automovil auto C La parte trasera gira menos que la d Allows the truck to take sharp turns de un autom vil at high speeds d Permite al montacargas efectuar vueltas cerradas a velocidades extremas 2 When traveling on a level surface the 2 Al desplazarse en una superficie plana forks should be raised las horquillas deberan ser levantadas a Atleast 12 inches a Por lo menos 12 pulgadas b Between 12 and 18 inches b Entre 12 y 18 pulgadas c No more than 6 inches C No m s de 6 pulgadas d High enough so t
12. FORKLIFT SAFETY GUIDE ADMINISTRATOR MANUAL ONSITE SAFETY AND HEALTH CONSULTATION PROGRAM Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity Rod R Blagojevich Governor Jack Lavin Director Administrator Manual Forklift Safety State of Illinois Operators Must Be Trained Page 1 Course Outline for Training Page 4 Written Tests Page 5 The Administrator Manual contains information and Practice Drills Page 8 materials that can assist the employer in providing a safer Performance Records Page 13 and more healthful workplace If you have Frequently Asked Questions Page 16 comments on how to improve the materials please contact R Mosley at 1 815 939 8028 The Onsite Safety and Health Consultation Program is a part of DCEO s Bureau of Technology and Industrial Competitiveness The mission of the Consultation Program is to assist employers in compliance with the OSHAct and in providing employees with a safer and more healthful workplace This is important to the organization s long term success We provide no cost occupational safety and industrial hygiene services to any Illinois employer upon request This program is funded 90 by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Call us at 1 800 972 4216 for a no cost consultation l Los operadores de Forklift Operators Must Be montacargas deben recibir Trained capacitaci n An untrained operator of a forklift can be as danger
13. and do not cover training 2 What types of equipment are covered by the standard Besides the typical forklifts the following equipment is covered Container top handlers Hustlers Toploaders Straddle carriers Sidehandlers Semi tractor utility vehicles Yard tractors DOOOOUODOD QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SPECIFIC TO GENERAL INDUSTRY 1 What OSHA standards apply to the training of powered industrial truck operators in general industry The OSHA standard for the training of truck operators is located in 29 CFR 1910 178 l 2 What types of equipment are covered by the standard Vehicles covered include e High lift trucks Counterbalanced trucks Cantilevered trucks Rider trucks Forklift trucks High lift platform trucks High lift order picker rider trucks Low lift trucks Low lift platform trucks Motorized hand trucks Motorized hand rider trucks Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 20 e Narrow aisle rider trucks e Pallet trucks e Reach rider trucks e Rough terrain trucks e Single side loader rider trucks e Straddle trucks 3 What types of industries are covered by the standard Every type of establishment except agricultural operations that has employees who operate powered industrial trucks will have to comply with the requirements of the standard Powered industrial trucks are used in a wide variety of workplaces including but not limited to retail establishments warehousing and distribution oper
14. ations and manufacturing establishments QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SPECIFIC TO CONSTRUCTION 1 What OSHA standards apply to the training of powered industrial truck operators in construction The OSHA standard on training of powered industrial truck operators applicable to construction is 29 CFR 1926 602 d 2 What types of equipment are covered by the standard The construction standard covers the same types of equipment as covered by the general industry standard Specialized equipment used in the construction industry includes rough terrain straight mast and extended reach forklift trucks Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 21
15. ators in the maritime industry are located in 29 CFR 1915 120 Shipyard Employment 29 CFR 1917 1 a 2 xiv Marine Terminals and 29 CFR 1918 1 b 10 Longshoring These standards will improve but not replace the present training requirements for powered industrial truck operators in the maritime industries The OSHA standard for Longshoring 29 CFR 1918 98 includes requirements for the qualifications of machinery operators of mechanically powered vehicles This standard states that only those employees considered by the employer to be competent by reason of training or experience and who understands the signs notices and operating instructions and are familiar with the signal code in use shall be permitted to operate any powered operated vehicle 29 CFR 1918 65 includes requirements for the safe operation of mechanically powered vehicles used aboard vessels The OSHA standard for marine terminals 29 CFR 1917 27 includes requirements for personnel on the shore side segment of marine cargo handling This standard states that only those employees determined by the employer to be competent by reason of training or experience and who understands the signs notices and operating instructions and are familiar with the signal code in use shall be permitted to operate any power operated vehicle 29 CFR 1917 43 also includes requirements for powered industrial trucks However these requirements are for operating maintaining and outfitting the vehicles
16. ce Can provide training on just one type of truck If an operator will be expected to operate all three types of vehicles then training must address the unique characteristics of each type of vehicle the employee is expected to operate When an attachment is used on the truck to move odd shaped materials then the operator training must include instruction on the safe conduct of those operations so that the operator knows and understands the restrictions or limitations created by each vehicle s use 20 only have powered hand trucks in my workplace Do the training requirements cover the operators of this type of vehicle The operator walks alongside the unit while holding onto the handle to guide it Yes The use of powered hand trucks present numerous hazards to employees who operate them and those working in the area where they are used 21 employ drivers from a temporary agency Who will provide them training the temporary service or me OSHA has issued several letters of interpretations on the subject of training of temporary employees Basically there is a shared responsibility for assuring employees are adequately trained The responsibility for providing training should be spelled out in the contractual agreement between the two parties The temporary agency or the contracting employer may conduct the training and evaluation of operators from a temporary agency as required by the standard however the host employer or othe
17. dad del Montacargas Centro de gravedad l mites de carga y equilibrio Pr ctica Demostraci n del Control del Veh culo y los Dispositivos de Seguridad Inspecciones y Mantenimiento Responsabilidad por el Mantenimiento Formularios completados Conducci n Segura y Reglas del Tr fico Pr ctica Sin carga y con cajas sobre plataformas y tarimas Reglas Especiales de Operaci n Cargando remolques y vagones de fletes pasillos intersecciones y rampas Pr ctica Demostraci n y pr ctica de todos los movimientos con carga Cargar el remolque y vag n de flete apilar y mover objetos de configuraciones especiales Procedimiento de Emergencia y Recarga de combustible Carga de bater a Informe de accidente y peligros Repaso de las reglas de seguridad y de operaci n Prueba Escrita Pr ctica Demostraci n de recarga de combustible Prueba de Conducci n Manejo OManobrias a trav s de un camino de obst culos Page 4 True or False circle T or F whichever is more correct 1 10 The maximum allowable load should be shown on the nameplate of the truck It is permissible to overload the truck by 25 percent if additional counterweights are used The load should not be handled if it is unstable or insecure and might come loose while being moved Slippery spots caused by oil and water may increase braking distance or cause loss of steering control If you are not able to see because
18. e Maniobra para el Conductor de Montacargas Operador Nombre Fecha Evaluator Nombre Habilidad del operador para llevar a cabo hoja de Uso de hoja de revisi n satisfactoriam ente revisando todos los detalles revisi n de inspecci n para la operaci n segura del veh culo Operaci n del embrague clutch O Uso adecuado delos Control de avance lento transmisi n autom tica controles entiende Controlde inclinaci n SSC t cnica y conducci n Control de levantamiento O adecuadas de control Controles de componentes accesorios O para obtener movimiento T cnicas de direcci n para tipo de veh culo siendo usado por el de direcci n adecuado operador Posicionamiento Freno de pedal o de servicio adecuado de todos los controles apagadores frenos de mano cuando se deja el montacargas desatendido Freno de Mano Arranca y se detiene sin dificultad Cid Habilidades para hacer Vueltas cerradas hacia adelante y hacia atr s Maniobras e Velocidad adecuada e Mira en la direcci n de desplazamiento E m C al El uN e Carga las horquillas hacia abajo e Mantiene la distancia entre obst culos sin peligros Seleccionando cargas Capacidad adecuada para el veh culo en uso Tama o adecuado de la carga para visibilidad y maniobra segura Carga inclinada hacia atr s dando hacia el respaldo Lleva la carga hacia abajo suficientemente alzada para librar los obst culos en el piso Conduciendo con car
19. ere the forklift will be operated Hazardous classified locations where the forklift will be operated Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the forklift s stability Closed environments and other areas where insufficient ventilation or poor forklift maintenance could cause a buildup of carbon monoxide or diesel exhaust Other unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions in the workplace that could affect safe operation Qualified Trainers The employer or any other person the employer chooses who has the knowledge training and experience to train and evaluate forklift operators can do this training and evaluation The trainee can only operate the forklift when directly supervised by such a person and when this would not endanger anyone Documenting Training If the operator had previous forklift training the employer must document that the training covered the required topics described above The operator must have been evaluated in the current workplace within the last three years Training and Evaluation Records The employer must keep a record that shows that each forklift operator has been trained The record includes the name of the operator date of training date of evaluation and the name of the person s giving the training and evaluation Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Temas relacionados con el lugar de trabajo Condiciones de la superficie en la que se emplear el
20. ga Arranca y se detiene sin dificultad Velocidad adecuada Suena la bocina claxon en intersecciones y esquinas Se mantiene a la derecha en pasillos de tr fico de dos direcciones E Se desplaza por lo menos tres veh culos detr s de otros veh culos Maniobra la carga de tal manera que previene da o al producto A Apilado Se acerca a las cargas en ngulo recto derecho E Apila de forma recta con buen ngulo A No apila demasiado alto e E O accionar Al seleccionar la carga de mayor altura a recogerse usa m todo adecuado de dispersi n para aaraa Remueve la carga y la baja a un nivel seguro antes de efectuar la Vuelta para proceder en a direcci n de desplazamiento deseada Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 14 Seguridad en la Zona de Se fija en las cubiertas de cruce y plataformas antes de cruzar re fi Carga Revisa remolques con calzos colocados en las ruedas antes de entrar e instalacion adecuada de torres de apoyo en remolques segun se exigen Revisa vagones de tren de flete para colocaci n adecuada y condiciones de cargamento segurois Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 15 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCK OPERATOR TRAINING On December 1 1998 the Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA published a standard that revised the existing requirements and issued new requirements to improve the training of powered industrial truck operators The
21. he operator can d Lo suficientemente alto para que see under the load el operador pueda ver por debajo de la carga 3 Lift trucks should be inspected 3 Los montacargas o carretillas a Weekly elevadoras deber n inspeccionarse b Daily a Semanalmente c Atthe start and end of the shift b Diariamente d When they start to develop trouble C Al principio y final de cada turno d Cuando empiecen a dar problemas 4 From a safety standpoint one of the 4 Desde un punto de vista de seguridad most serious truck defects is uno de los defectos m s serios en estos a Brake failure veh culos es b Low fuel or battery charge a Fallo en los frenos c Broken horn b Combustible bajo o recarga de d Worn tires bater as C Bocina inservible d Llantas gastadas 5 When following another truck it is best to 5 Al ir detr s de otro veh culo es mejor keep behind mantenerse alejado a About one truck length a Aproximadamente la largura de b About three truck lengths un veh culo c About 10 feet to 12 feet b Aproximadamente la largura de d Close enough so the other operator tres vehiculos can hear your horn C Como entre 10 y 12 pies de distancia d Lo suficientemente cerca como para que el otro operador le pueda o r sonar la bocina Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 6 6 If you leave a truck unattended 6 Si usted deja su veh culo desatendido even with the power off you should aunque este apagado usted deberia
22. montacargas Composici n de las cargas que se deben llevar y Manipulaci n acumulaci n y descarga de las cargas Circulaci n de los peatones en la zona en que se Pasillos angostos y otras reas restringidas donde Ubicaciones peligrosas clasificadas en las que se emplear el montacargas Rampas y otras superficies inclinadas que podr an afectar la estabilidad del montacargas Espacios cerrados y otras reas en las que ventilaci n insuficiente o mantenimiento insatisfactorio del montacargas podr a ocasionar una acumulaci n de mon xido de carbono o gases diesel Otras condiciones ambientales especiales o potencialmente peligrosas en el lugar de trabajo que podr an afectar la operaci n segura Instructores Capacitados El empleador o cualquier otra persona que el empleador elija que tenga el conocimiento capacitaci n y experiencia para capacitar y evaluar a los operadores de montacargas puede estar a cargo de esta capacitaci n y evaluaci n La persona que recibe la capacitaci n s lo puede operar el montacargas cuando se halla bajo la supervisi n directa de dicha persona y cuando esto no ponga en peligro la vida de nadie Documentaci n de la capacitaci n Si el operador ya hab a recibido capacitaci n para operar montacargas el empleador debe documentar que la capacitaci n incluy los temas obligatorios indicados arriba El operador debe haber sido evaluado en el lugar de trabajo actual en los ltimos
23. o through one opening forward and the next in reverse El conductor se desplaza alrededor del circulo dos veces con las horquiallas vacias y en posici n baja Se hace un desplazamiento hacia delante y otro en reversa No se le permite pasar por una abertura hacia adelante y por la siguiente en reversa Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 8 Exercise Stacking 20pts This exercise involves stacking six pallets in two tiers three high The driver removes the pallets one at a time from the storage area and approaches the stacking area from the end of a 12 foot wide aisle He makes two stacks side by side three high The driver is simply told where and how he is to stack the pallets No instructions are given during the exercise as to technique maneuvering approaching etc The pallets are then returned to the area Exercise Operating in Tight Quarters 20pts A loaded pallet is picked up at the storage area The course is then traversed forward with the loaded pallet on the forks The driver then retraces his path in reverse Finally the pallet is returned to the storage shed Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Ejercicio Apilamiento 20 puntos Esta prueba implica apilar seis paletas en dos hileras de tres niveles de altura El conductor retira las paletas del area de deposito y se dirige al area de acumulacion desde el extremo de un pasillo de 12 pies de ancho Hace dos hilera
24. of the aisle and returns the pallet to the storage area Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Ejercicio Carga de remolques 10 puntos Cada conductor carga dos paletas una al lado de la otra en el acoplado simulado hasta que a cada conductor le haya tocado su turno de carga Luego cada conductor descarga las dos paletas y las devuelve al area de deposito Ejercicio Pasillo angosto 10 puntos Con una paleta cargada en las horquillas el conductor ingresa al extremo del pasillo y se dirige hacia el fondo La paleta se coloca al final del pasillo El conductor da marcha atr s recorriendo la mitad del pasillo y luego vuelve a dirigirse y levanta la paleta Luego se va del pasillo en reversa y devuelve la paleta al rea de dep sito Page 11 Final Review Composed of parts of the previous exercises and requires all of the drivers knowledge of forklift operating procedures Area Dimensions 40 x 60 Maneuvers Driver starts at A weaves in and out of area B turns at the end and returns to Area A He then goes to area C removes the center pallet and deposits it in Area D boxcar He will then back out and while still in reverse go through area B turn at the end back through again and go to area D boxcar retrieve the pallet from the car and deposit it at the end of the aisle in area E He will then back free of the aisle go in again retrieve the pallet back out deposit it where i
25. or performing several typical operations to ensure that the truck is being operated safely and asking the operator a few questions related to the safe operation of the vehicle If the operator has operated the same type of equipment before in the same type of environment that he she will be expected to be working then duplicative or additional training is not required 7 Will testing be required No The standard does not specifically require testing however some method of evaluation is necessary 8 Does OSHA require the employer to issue licenses to employees who have received training No The OSHA standard does not require employees to be licensed An employer may choose to issue licenses to trained operators 9 What type of records or documentation must keep The OSHA standard requires that the employer certify that each operator has received the training and has been evaluated The written certification record must include the name of the operator the date of the training the date of the evaluation and the identity of the person s performing the training or evaluation 10 How long must keep the certification records Employers who evaluate the operator s performance more frequently than every three years may retain the most recent certification record otherwise certification records must be maintained for three years 11 If my employees receive training but accidents still continue to occur what should do Ref
26. ous as an unlicensed operator of a motor vehicle A OSHA standards require that the employer ensure that a forklift operator is competent to operate the forklift he or she is assigned to use The employer must document operator training and an evaluation of the operator s performance while using the forklift Training has three parts e formal instruction such as a lecture discussion interactive computer learning video tape and or written material e practical training which includes hands on demonstrations by the trainer and exercises by the trainee and e an evaluation of the effectiveness of the training by observing the operator s performance while doing actual work using the forklift This evaluation must be repeated at least once every three years Refresher training must be given if the operator is observed operating the truck in an unsafe manner is involved in an accident near miss or is assigned a different type of truck Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 A Un operador que no ha recibido capacitaci n para emplear un montacargas puede resultar tan peligroso como el operador de un veh culo sin licencia Las normas de OSHA exigen que el empleador garantice que el operador est capacitado para operar el montacargas que se le asigna El empleador debe documentar la capacitaci n del operador y una evaluaci n de su desempe o sobre el uso del montacargas La capacitaci n consta de tres
27. r employer who enters into a contract with the temporary agency must provide site specific information and training on the use of the particular types of trucks and workplace related topics that are present in the workplace 22 Should my training include the use of operator restraint devices e g seat belts Employers are required to train employees in all operating instructions warnings and precautions listed in the operator s manual for the type of vehicle which the employee is being trained to operate Therefore operators must be trained in the use of operator restraint systems when it is addressed in the operating instructions 23 What does OSHA expect to achieve as a result of improved operator s training OSHA s goal is to reduce the number of injuries and illnesses that occur to workers in the workplace from unsafe powered industrial truck usage By providing an effective training program many other benefits will result Among these are the lower cost of compensation insurance less property damage and less product damage QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SPECIFIC TO THE MARITIME INDUSTRY 1 What OSHA standards apply to the training of powered industrial truck operators in the maritime industry Maritime standards include 29 CFR 1915 for Shipyard Employment 29 CFR 1917 for Marine Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 19 Terminals and 29 CFR 1918 for Longshoring The new standards for training of powered industrial truck oper
28. resher training in relevant topics is necessary when the operator has been involved in an accident or near miss incident Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Page 17 12 Is annual training required No An evaluation of each powered industrial truck operator s performance is required to be conducted after initial training after refresher training and at least once every three years 13 How often must refresher training be given The standard does not require any specific frequency of refresher training Refresher training must be provided when e The operator has been observed to operate the vehicle in an unsafe manner e The operator has been involved in an accident or near miss incident e The operator has received an evaluation that reveals that the operator is not operating the truck safely e The operator is assigned to drive a different type of truck e Acondition in the workplace changes in a manner that could affect safety operation of the truck 14 If my employees have already received training or have been operating trucks for many years must I retrain them No An employer does not need to retrain an employee in the operation of a powered industrial truck if the employer certifies that the operator has been evaluated and has proven to be competent to operate the truck safely The operator would need additional training in those elements where his or her performance indicates the need for further training and
29. s una al lado de la otra con tres niveles de altura Se le indica al conductor solo donde y como debe apilar las paletas Durante la prueba no se le dan instrucciones acerca de la t cnica maniobra acercamiento etc Luego las paletas se devuelven al area de deposito Ejercicio Operacion en lugares pequenos 20 puntos Se levanta una paleta cargada en el area de deposito Luego se cruza la ruta con la paleta cargada sobre las horquillas El conductor hace el mismo recorrido en reversa Finalmente se devuelve la paleta a su deposito Page 9 Exercise Storing 10 pts This exercise involves placing two pallets and two pallet boxes within a 4ft x 16ft rectangle The area represents a warehouse storage area All pallets are actually loaded and placed as close together as possible The driver is not permitted to back up to reposition a pallet All pallets must be removed and returned to the storage area in the reverse order in which they were picked up Exercise Loading Boxcar 10pts Two pallets each having a top heavy wire bound box approximately 42 x 22 x 18 placed on end and loaded into the simulated boxcar Each driver places two pallets into the boxcar as shown After loading two pallets each driver practices unloading the same pallets The driver must be careful not to lose the load at any time Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Ejercicio Almacenamiento 10 puntos Esta
30. standard becomes effective on March 1 1999 This new standard is intended to reduce the number of injuries and deaths that occur as a result of inadequate operator training The powered industrial truck operator training requirements will apply to all industries where trucks are being used except agricultural operations 1 What is the definition of a powered industrial truck Any mobile power propelled truck used to carry push pull lift stack or tier materials Powered industrial trucks can be ridden or controlled by a walking operator Earth moving and over the road haulage trucks are not included in the definition Equipment that was designed to move earth but has been modified to accept forks are also not included 2 What does the new standard require The new standard requires employers to develop and implement a training program based on the general principles of safe truck operation the types of vehicle s being used in the workplace the hazards of the workplace created by the use of the vehicle s and the general safety requirements of the OSHA standard Trained operators must know how to do the job properly and do it safely as demonstrated by workplace evaluation Formal lecture video etc and practical demonstration and practical exercises training must be provided Employers must also certify that each operator has received the training and evaluate each operator at least once every three years Prior to operating the truck
31. t originally was and park the truck in area A Administrator Manual Forklift Safety 12 03 Revision Final Compuesta de las partes de los ejercicios previos y requiere de todo el conocimiento acerca de los procedimientos de maniobra de un montacargas por parte del conductor Dimensiones del rea 40 x 60 Manobrias Conductor empieza en el punto A cruza hacia dentro y hacia fuera de la zona B da vuelta al final y regresa a la zona A Entonces procede a la zona C remueve la paleta central y la deposita en la zona D vag n Despu s retrocede y mientras todav a est en reversa se dirige a trav s de la zona B da vuelta al final se regresa otra vez a trav s de la zona y procede a la zona D vag n retoma la paleta del vag n y la deposita al final del pasillo en la zona E Ahora se aleja completamente del pasillo entra otra vez retoma la paleta retrocede la deposita donde estaba ubicada originalmente y estaciona el veh culo en la zona A Page 12 Forklift Driver Performance Test Operators Name Date Evaluator s Name Operators ability to perform check sheet inspection for safe Uses check sheet satisfactorily checking all items operation of truck Clutch operation Proper use of controls Inching control auto transmission L i understands proper technique Tt conirol Lo and proper direction of Lift control EA movement of control to get desired direction of movement Attachment controls
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