- UNEP - Division of Technology, Industry and Economics
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1. 47 Why publish technical guidelines for environmental management of industrial estates by Raymond P C t Other topics Autres sujets Otros t picos e 50 Evaluation of pollution in Hanoi and recommendations for mitigating it by Pham Ngoc Dang e 53 Inventory of hazardous waste generation in India a case study by Inamul Haq S P Chakrabarti and D K Biswas Tourism Focus Tourisme Turismo e 57 The environmental programme of British Airways Holidays by Jan Jackson file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 2 of 14 e 59 Tourism news News Actualites Actualidades 61 World News 63 Indutry Updates 64 UNEP focus 66 Books and reports Sections Rubriques Secciones e 74 Feedback Pages below give abstracts of selected articles To obtain full content of the review click here Environmental management and industrial estates an opportunity for sustainable development The concept of the industrial estate emerged in industrialized countries towards the end of the nineteenth century as a means to promote plan and manage industrial development Since the 1970s there has been a massive increase in the number of estates worldwide especially in the rapidly industrializing countries There are now more than 12 000 of these estates in the world They vary widely in age size type and organization but they do have essential common2. Le Quer taro s est fix pour t che d incorporer au cadre fourni par la l gislation f d rale et la premi re loi sur l environnement jamais promulgu e par un Etat mexicain des crit res cologiques qui op reront la transition entre une r glementation tr s d taill e et un mod le d auto r glementation qui refl te la participation du secteur productif Cet article retrace le d veloppement industriel de cet Etat Il pr sente les caract ristiques de ses zones et parcs industriels en insistant sur les conditions d terminant la mise en oeuvre de la r glementation pour l environnement d origine f d rale d une part et tatique d autre part Enfin il passe en revue les politiques et crit res sur lesquels le gouvernement du Quer taro s appuie afin que son secteur industriel produise plus propre d ici l aube du 21 me si cle Resumen El Estado de Quer taro en M xico ha experimentado una r pida transformaci n de su econom a b sicamente rural en los a os 60 s a una industrializaci n acelerada como consecuencia de su ubicaci n estrat gica al interior del pa s y de sus inmejorables caracter sticas para el desarrollo productivo En la actualidad emprende un proceso de planificaci n de reas industriales comprendidas en 5 de sus 18 municipios en el sur del Estado con perspectivas de ir logrando una proyecci n equilibrada hacia otras regiones mas necesitadas de su territorio Con base en el marco normativo federal y
3. file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 7 of 14 management including a monitoring system for industrial estates R sum Au cours des dix derni res ann es la Thailande a connu une croissance conomique de l ordre de 8 pour cent Ses exportations ont bascul au d triment des produits agricoles vers les produits industriels Le contr le de la pollution est une pr occupation majeure Le D partement pour la Lutte contre la Pollution du Minist re des Sciences de la Technologie et de l Environnement est charg du contr le de la pollution dans son ensemble Quant au D partement des Travaux Industriels il est plus sp cialement charg du contr le de la pollution industrielle hormis dans le cas des usines situ es en zones industrielles C est l Autorit des Zones Industrielles de la Thailande d assurer son propre contr le de la pollution et la gestion de l environnement y compris la mise en place d un syst me de suivi des zones industrielles Resumen El crecimiento econ mico de Tailandia durante la ltima d cada ha sido de cerca del 8 por ciento Su exportaci n principal ha cambiado de la agricultura a los productos industriales El control de la contaminaci n es una preocupaci n fundamental El Departamento de Control de Contaminaci n del Ministerio de Ciencias Tecnolog a y Medio Ambiente se encarga del control de la contaminaci n en general el Departamento de Trabajos Industri
4. but much more work still remains to be done R sum En Tunisie l valuation des nuisances li es la pollution industrielle et de leur impact sur l environnement a abouti la mise en place d une strat gie nationale qui s est traduite par une s rie file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 11 of 14 de mesures d ordre institutionnel et l gislatif et par la mise en oeuvre de moyens d incitation financiers L article pr sente l ensemble des mesures prises par les autorit s tunisiennes dans le cadre de la politique environnementale globale Les premiers r sultats sont encourageants mais beaucoup reste faire Resumen En T nez la evaluaci n de los perjuicios derivados de la contaminaci n industrial y de su impacto en el medio ambiente ha llevado a la implantaci n de una estrategia nacional que se ha traducido en una serie de medidas de orden institucional y legislativo y en la aplicaci n de medios de incitaci n financieros El art culo presenta el conjunto de las medidas tomadas por las autoridades tunecinas en el marco de la pol tica medioambiental global Los primeros resultados son alentadores pero a n queda mucho por hacer How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Managing environmental issues at large scale industrial estates problems and initiatives in central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union Robert Coyle Europea
5. by federal legislation and the first law on the environment ever promulgated by a Mexican State The environmental criteria are intended to facilitate the transition between very strict legislation and a self regulation model which provides for the involvement of the production sector This article looks at the history of the industrial development of Quer taro covering the features specific to its industrial estates and parks and emphasizing the requirements which determine implementation of the environmental legislation stemming from both federal law and State law Finally it reviews the policies and criteria on which the Quer taro government is relying to clean up its industrial activities between now and the advent of the twenty first century R sum Jouissant d une situation g ographique strat gique l int rieur du pays et de particularit s in galables en mati re de d veloppement de la production industrielle l Etat du Quer taro au Mexique principalement agricole jusque dans les ann es soixante a vu son conomie se transformer rapidement et connu une industrialisation acc l r e Il entame actuellement la planification de zones industrielles sur le territoire de 5 des 18 communes que compte sa partie m ridionale planification qui doit tre tendue de mani re r tablir l quilibre avec ses r gions les plus d munies file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 10 of 14
6. elements an industrial estate is a cluster of industries within a defined geographical area administered and or managed by a single authority having a defined jurisdiction with respect to tenant companies Alternative terms often used are industrial parks zones or districts As an effective instrument for industrial development reducing costs of infrastructure and stimulating regional economic activities industrial estates provide benefits to communities but they can also lead to environmental health and safety problems At present most estates are planned and operated with little concern for their environmental impacts and are causing significant environmental damage in many areas The main issues of concern are habitat destruction loss of biodiversity air emissions effluents solid wastes hazardous wastes noise radiation toxic chemicals soil contamination industrial accidents chemical and fuel spills and global climate change Environmental impacts of estates arise from two distinct phases planning and operation When planning industrial estates developers typically look at land use and development from a purely marketing and engineering point of view With this approach in which cost effectiveness is the overriding criterion precious environmental resources are often disregarded Many industrial estates are located in environmentally sensitive low lying wetlands close to coasts Failure to consider environmental issues when s
7. en lo que constituy la primera ley ecol gica estatal en el pa s se ha dado a la tarea de incorporar criterios vinculados al medio ambiente que van transitando de un marco regulatorio muy puntual hacia un modelo de autoregulaci n en la que se refleje la participaci n activa del sector productivo En este art culo se hace referencia cronol gica al desarrollo industrial de este Estado Se describen las caracter sticas de los parques y areas industriales con que cuenta haciendo nfasis en las condicionantes para el cumplimiento de la regulaci n ambiental federal y estatal Finalmente se establecen las pol ticas y criterios del gobierno estatal que orientan los prop sitos de contar con una planta industrial limpia en los albores del siglo 21 How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Gestion environnementale des zones industrielles en Tunisie Mokhtar El Cadhi Directeur Pr vention Plus 3 rue El Menzah El Menzah I 1004 Tunis Tunisie Abstract In Tunisia the assessment of nuisances brought about by industrial pollution and their impact on the environment led to the setting up of a national strategy which has resulted in a series of institutional and statutory measures as well as in the implementation of a number of financial incentives This article outlines the various measures adopted by the Tunisian authorities within a comprehensive environmental policy The initial results are promising
8. industria es totalmente compatible con la protecci n del medio ambiente y la seguridad de las poblaciones Se han creado esquemas y estructuras para definir un desarrollo duradero en concertaci n con el conjunto de los copart cipes locales interesados y el Estado franc s How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Desarrollo de las reas industriales en el estado de Quer taro M xico VA Espri Direcci n de Ecolog a de Gobierno del Estado de Quer taro SDUOPE Ignacio P rez n m 28 Sur Qro 76000 M Guerrero Departamento de Regulaci n Ecol gica SDUOPE Ignacio P rez n m 28 Sur Qro 76000 J Soto Departamento de Protecci n Ambiental SDUOPE Ignacio P rez n m 28 Sur Qro 76000 Abstract The strategic location of the land locked State of Quer taro in Mexico provides it with advantages in terms of industrial production development not found in any other State Up until the sixties Quer taro was a primarily agricultural state since when its economy has been swiftly transformed in line with its rapid dramatic industrialisation It has now embarked on a programme to set up industrial estates in five of its 18 communes in the southern most part of the State with a view to extending its developed areas in order to try and inject some prosperity into its poorest regions Quer taro has set itself the task of incorporating environmental criteria within the framework provided
9. Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 1 of 14 UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT Environmental management PROGRAMME of industrial estates Ind ustry and Environment 1996 Quarterly Review Vol 19 N 4 Content Environmental management of industrial estates 3 Editorial 4 Facts and figures 7 Creating industrial ecosystems a viable management strategy by Robert U Ayres Seminar 14 Designing ecological industrial parks the US experience by Edward Cohen Rosenthal 19 Industrial ecology and the role of the Cleaner Production Centre by Theresa Smolenaars 22 The monitoring system for industrial estates in Thailand by Kasemsri Homchean 26 Environmental management of industrial parks case study of Pequiven s Jose Complex by Rafael Caceres 30 Yuan Hong Industrial Park China by Clive Mason and Mark Harrison 33 Prise en compte de l environnement dans la planification la gestion et l exploitation de la zone industrielle portuaire de Dunkerque by Christophe Lesort and Thierry Dubuis 37 Desarrollo de las reas industriales en el estado de Quer taro M xico by A Espri M Guerrero J Soto 42 Gestion environnementale des zones industrielles en Tunisie by Mokhtar El Cadhi 45 Managing environmental issues at large scale industrial estates problems and initiatives in central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union by Robert Coyle
10. a R gion Flandre Dunkerque 38 Quai des Hollandais F 59140 Dunkerque France et Thierry Dubuis Direction R gionale de l Industrie de la Recherche et de l Environnement Nord Pas de Calais Groupe de Subdivisions du Littoral B P 199 F 59820 Gravelines France Abstract This paper explains the means implemented in the Dunkirk area at the heart of northern Europe to ensure that industrial development occurs in perfect harmony with environmental protection whilst safeguarding the area s population Schemes and structures have been designed in order to define a sustainable development programme with the full cooperation of all interested local authorities and partners as well as the French government R sum Cet article pr sente les moyens qui ont t mis en oeuvre dans la r gion de Dunkerque au coeur de l Europe du Nord pour s assurer que le d veloppement de l industrie se fasse en toute compatibilit avec la protection de l environnement et la s curit des populations Des sch mas et des structures ont t cr s pour faire en sorte qu un d veloppement durable soit d fini en concertation avec l ensemble des partenaires locaux concern s et l Etat fran ais Resumen file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 9 of 14 Este art culo presenta los medios que han sido utilizados en la regi n de Dunkerque en el coraz n de la Europa del Norte para asegurarse de que el desarrollo de la
11. aci n de los conceptos de ecolog a industrial en un parque industrial existente Varios factores pueden influir en la aplicaci n exitosa del concepto de ecolog a industrial Es esencial un marketing eficaz del concepto dirigido a las empresas del parque Se puede emplear las reglamentaciones para influir sobre qu materiales se usan y desechan en el parque Adem s se puede educar mejor a las empresas y estimular las relaciones simbi ticas Un Centro de Producci n m s limpia puede jugar un papel esencial cuando un parque se dirige hacia un ecosistema industrial ideal How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page The monitoring system for industrial estates in Thailand Kasemsri Homchean Director Environmental and Safety Control Division Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand 618 Nikhom Makkasan Road Rajdhevi Bangkok 10400 Thailand Abstract Thailand s economic growth during the last decade has been around 8 per cent Its major export has changed from agricultural to industrial products Pollution control is of major concern The Pollution Control Department of the Ministry of Science Technology and Environment is responsible for pollution control in general the Industrial Works Department is responsible for industrial pollution control except in the case of factories on industrial estates The Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand IEAT carries out its own pollution control and environmental
12. ales se encarga del control de la contaminaci n industrial salvo en el caso de f bricas en emplazamientos industriales La Autoridad de Emplazamientos Industriales de Tailandia IEAT lleva a cabo su propio control de la contaminaci n y gesti n medioambiental que incluyen un sistema de supervisi n de los emplazamientos industriales How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Environmental management of industrial parks case study of Pequiven s Jose Complex Rafael C ceres Corporate Environmental Advisor and Milagro D az Corporate Safety Advisor Petroqu mica de Venezuela S A PEQUIVEN Apartado 2066 Caracas 1010A Venezuela Abstract Pequiven a subsidiary of Petr leos de Venezuela manufactures petrochemical products and sells them in domestic and international markets It gives full support to enforcing worker safety and environmentally sound operating procedures that reduce risks to the environment and communities while complying with international and local legislation This article presents the general programmes Pequiven has established for day to day safety and environmental management and recent experience with the environmental management of industrial parks R sum Pequiven filiale de Petr leos de Venezuela fabrique des produits p trochimiques qu elle vend file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 8 of 14 sur les march s nation
13. ated by authorities who can give advice on for example energy efficiency resource conservation and waste minimization cleaner production information centres and preparedness and planning for accidents At the far end of the continuum are industrial estates designed as industrial ecosystems This issue of Industry and Environment gives examples of current practices in a number of file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 4 of 14 countries and presents some of the more theoretical work from the emerging field of industrial ecology UNEP will also be publishing a Guide to Environmental Management of Industrial Estates later this year to help decision makers in government and industry better design and operate their estates How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Creating industrial ecosystems a viable management strategy Robert U Ayres Director Center for the Management of Environmental Resources CMER INSEAD boulevard de Constance 77305 Fontainebleau Cedex France Abstract The concept of industrial ecosystems has become increasingly attractive in recent years Properly organized and structured they exemplify a built in incentive to minimize wastes and losses of intermediates However much research as outlined in this article 1s needed in order to clarify the optimum organizational and financial structure of such an entity Some proposals
14. aux et internationaux Elle cautionne sans r serve l adoption de mesures pour la s curit des ouvriers et de proc dures d exploitation qui r duisent les risques pos s l environnement et aux communaut s tout en respectant la l gislation locale et internationale en vigueur Cet article pr sente les programmes g n raux que Pequiven a labor pour assurer la s curit quotidienne de ses employ s et la bonne gestion de l environnement En outre il relate des exp riences r centes en mati re de gestion cologique des parcs industriels Resumen Pequiven una subsidiaria de Petr leos de Venezuela fabrica productos petroqu micos y los vende en el mercado interno e internacional Brinda un apoyo completo al refuerzo de la seguridad del trabajador y a procedimientos de funcionamiento que ac sticamente respeten el mdioambiente que reduzcan los riesgos para el medio ambiente y a las comunidades al mismo tiempo que cumplen con la legislaci n internacional y local Este art culo presenta los programas generales que Pequiven ha adoptado para la seguridad cotidiana y la gesti n medioambiental y la experiencia reciente con la gesti n medioambiental de parques industriales How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Prise en compte de l environnement dans la planification la gestion et l exploitation de la zone industrielle portuaire de Dunkerque Christophe Lesort Directeur Agence d Urbanisme de l
15. ed more easily and more cost effectively by locating in appropriately managed industrial estates With the emergence of new standards such as the ISO 14000 series estates offering advice and services to companies to help them comply will be able to use implementation of environmental management principles as a trump card to attract them Profitability can be linked to environmental protection in a win win situation for the individual company for the estate and ultimately for the environment Integration of environmental concerns into the management of industrial estates is likely to become an increasingly important factor in attracting and retaining tenant companies In this context environmental management specifically tailored to the needs of estates will make an important contribution to sustainable development With properly defined and well structured environmental management many opportunities exist to develop and operate industrial estates in a more sustainable manner If environmental concerns are integrated into estate development at all stages cumulative damaging effects can be avoided For example permits can be granted so as to ensure that only compatible industries are allowed to locate in a given area In fact solutions lie along a continuum ranging from provision of a minimum of services such as centralized waste disposal and sewage systems to more comprehensive approaches in which estates are properly planned and then oper
16. educe los impactos medioambientales disminuye los riesgos y las responsabilidades y estimula el mantenimiento del emplazamiento How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Evaluation of pollution in Hanoi and recommendations for mitigating it Pham Ngoc Dang Director Centre for Environmental Engineering of Towns and Industrial Areas Hanoi University of Civil Engineering 5 Giai Phong Road Hanoi Vietnam Abstract Vietnam is experiencing rapid urbanization and industrialization A 1992 95 study of the city of Hanoi considered air and water pollution solid waste and noise pollution Impacts on public health and agricultural production were assessed A number of ways to mitigate Hanoi s pollution problems have been proposed R sum Le Viet Nam conna t une urbanisation et une industrialisation rapides Une tude men e de 1992 1995 dans la ville de Hanoi s est pench e sur la pollution de l air et de l eau les d chets solides et les nuisances sonores Les impacts sur la sant publique et la production agricole ont t valu s Il est propos un certain nombre de solutions qui permettraient d att nuer les probl mes de pollution de la ville d Hanoi Resumen Vietnam experimenta una urbanizaci n e industrializaci n r pida Un estudio de 1992 95 de la ciudad de Hanoi considera la contaminaci n del aire y del agua los desechos s lidos y la contaminaci n sonora Se analizan los impac
17. electing sites can therefore result in irrevocable environmental damage including loss of rare habitat and subsequent pollution of coastal waters And the effects of unsatisfactory site selection extend beyond the boundaries of the site itself Drainage and infrastructure work associated with the building of an estate frequently interferes with the hydrology and ecology of neighboring areas Growth of industrial estates is also often accompanied by unplanned population movements mainly of migrant workers requiring shelter and essential services Such movements can cause public health problems additional file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 3 of 14 environmental stress and social dislocation In the operating phase poorly managed concentrations of industries are sources of air and water pollution and of traffic congestion and noise and pose a threat of industrial accidents The fact that industries are concentrated hundreds of small medium sized and large companies may be located on the big estates can give rise to cumulative impacts resulting from the many emissions to air water and land If several industries close to one another use chemicals these may interact or mix with possible cumulative or synergistic effects on the local environment and neighboring communities With such a potential for damage from concentrations of industries there is a clear need for environmental management
18. erials are used and disposed of within the park Moreover businesses should be better educated and symbiotic relationships should be encouraged A Cleaner Production Centre can play a pivotal role as a park moves towards an ideal industrial ecosystem R sum Le Burnside Cleaner Production Centre a t cr en mars 1995 pour fournir des renseignements sur la r duction des d chets la pr vention de la pollution et une production plus propre aux entreprises du parc industriel de Burnside Dartmouth Nova Scotia au Canada et pour examiner l application du concept d cologie industrielle un parc industriel existant Plusieurs facteurs peuvent influencer le succ s de l application d un concept Sa promotion r ussie aupr s des entreprises du Parc est primordiale On peut avoir recours des r glements afin d influencer les choix de mat riaux employ s et mis au rebut au sein du Parc De surcro t il convient de mieux duquer les entreprises et de promouvoir des relations harmonieuses Un centre pour une production plus propre peut agir comme une plaque tournante au fil de l volution d un parc vers un cosyst me industriel id al Resumen El Centro de Producci n m s limpia Burnside se cre en Marzo de 1995 para brindar informaci n a las empresas del Parque Industrial Burnside en Darmtouth Nova Scotia sobre la reducci n de desechos la prevenci n de la contaminaci n y una producci n m s limpia y para examinar la aplic
19. es EIP ofrecen una oportunidad sin igual de crear nuevas tecnolog as para ajustarse a las necesidades de sitios particulares En Estados Unidos en 1994 el Consejo del Presidente sobre Desarrollo Sostenible El PCSD design cuatro comit s como sitios de demostraci n para EIP EL PCSD se interes en explorar la aplicaci n pr ctica de principios ecol gicos para actividades industriales y dise o comunitario Estos sitios de demostraci n con sus diferentes visiones de desarrollo EIP se describen en el art culo siguiente How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Industrial ecology and the role of the Cleaner Production Centre Theresa Smolenaars School for Resource and Environmental Studies Dalhousie University 1312 Robie Street Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 3E2 Canada Abstract The Burnside Cleaner Production Centre was established in March 1995 to provide information on waste reduction pollution prevention and cleaner production to businesses in the Burnside Industrial Park Dartmouth Nova Scotia and to examine the application of industrial ecology concepts to an existing industrial park Several factors can influence the successful application of file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 6 of 14 the industrial ecology concept The effective marketing of the concept to businesses in the park is essential Regulations can be used to influence what mat
20. for industrial ecosystems are examined along with some of the prerequisites for successful implementation R sum Ces derni res ann es l attrait du concept d cosyst mes industriels n a cess de cro tre Lorsqu ils sont structur s et organis s avec rigueur ils constituent l exemple vivant d une incitation int gr e la minimisation des d chets et l abandon des interm diaires Toutefois comme le souligne cet article beaucoup de recherches sont encore n cessaires afin d identifier clairement la structure financi re et organisationnelle optimale que devrait rev tir une telle entit Certaines propositions d cosyst mes industriels sont examin es de m me qu un certain nombre des conditions requises pour leur mise en oeuvre r ussie Resumen En los ltimos a os el concepto de ecosistemas industriales se ha vuelto particularmente atractivo Organizados y estructurados adecuadamente ejemplifican un incentivo incorporado para minimizar los desechos y las p rdidas de productos intermedios Sin embargo se necesita una amplia investigaci n como se muestra en el art culo para clarificar la estructura organizacional y financiera ptima de una entidad como sta Se examinan algunas proposiciones para ecosistemas industriales conjuntamente con algunos de los prerrequisitos para su puesta en pr ctica exitosa How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Designing eco industrial parks t
21. gence oblig e l gard de l environnement Les conditions remplir varient en fonction de la nature de chaque projet Resumen file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 12 of 14 Un gran n mero de sitios industriales de gran escala experimentan transformaciones y reestructuraciones importantes en Europa Central y Oriental y la ex Uni n Sovi tica La cartera del EBRD para proyectos de inversi n incluye cada vez m s tales sitios enfrentando as al Banco a retos relacionados con su tama o complejidad e historia Para dirigir asuntos relacionados con el medio ambiente la salud y la seguridad se necesitan tanto los avances tecnol gicos como los cambios en la estructura de gesti n El EBRD requiere una diligencia medioambioental suficiente en todos sus proyectos en preparaci n Los requisitos var an en dependencia de la naturaleza de cada proyecto How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Why publish technical guidelines for environmental management of industrial estates Raymond P C t Director and Associate Professor Dalhousie University School for Resource and Environmental Studies 1312 Robie Street Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 3E2 Canada Abstract There are more than 12 000 industrial estates and parks around the world some of which contain as many as 1000 businesses The potential for industrial accidents and cumulative environmental impac
22. he US experience file M online publi ieqr ieqr 194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 5 of 14 Edward Cohen Rosenthal Director Work and Environment Initiative School of Industrial and Labor Relations Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Abstract Eco industrial parks EIPs provide a unique opportunity to create new technologies to fit the needs of particular locations In the United States in 1994 the President s Council on Sustainable Development designated four communities as demonstation sites for EIP s The PCSD was interested in exploring the practical application of ecological principles to industrial activities and community design These demonstration sites with their different visions of EIP development are described in the following article R sum Les parcs co industriels offrent une opportunit unique pour cr er des nouvelles technologies adapt es aux besoins d une situation g ographique donn e Aux Etats Unis en 1994 Le Conseil pr sidentiel pour le D veloppement durable a d sign quatre communaut s comme sites de d monstration de ce type de parc Le Conseil souhaite explorer l application pratique de principes cologiques aux activit s industrielles et la conception communautaire Ces sites de d monstration et leurs diff rentes approches en mati re de d veloppement de parcs co industriels sont d crits dans l article qui suit Resumen Los parques ecoindustrial
23. n Bank for Reconstruction and Development One Exchange Square London EC2A 2EH UK Abstract A great many large scale industrial sites are undergoing major transformation and restructuring in central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union The EBRD s portfolio of investment projects increasingly includes such sites presenting the Bank with environmental challenges related to their size complexity and history Both technological improvements and changes in management structure are needed in order to address environmental and health and safety issues The EBRD requires environmental due diligence on all of its projects under preparation Requirements vary depending on the nature of each project R sum Une pl thore de gros sites industriels connaissent actuellement une profonde mutation et une restructuration grande chelle dans les pays d Europe centrale de l est et dans l ancienne Union sovi tique De tels sites figurent de plus en plus souvent aux rangs des projets d investissements de la Banque europ enne pour la Reconstruction et le D veloppement et lui posent des d fis cologiques de par leur taille leur complexit et leur histoire Pour faire face aux probl mes cologiques et aux questions d hygi ne et de s curit qu ils soul vent il est n cessaire de pr voir des am liorations technologiques et des modifications de la structure administrative La BERD exige que tous ses projets en cours fassent preuve de dili
24. onnement et propose un syst me de gestion qui s appuie sur des prestations environnementales appropri es et fournit des indications pr cises pour les zones industrielles nouvelles ou existantes Il d montre que par l adoption d un cadre exhaustif de gestion de l environnement on peut r duire l impact sur l environnement minimiser les risques et les responsabilit s et renforcer la viabilit long terme d une zone industrielle file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 13 of 14 Resumen Existen m s de 12 000 emplazamientos y parques industriales en todo el mundo entre los cuales algunos contienen hasta 1000 empresas Por ende el potencial de accidentes industriales y de impactos medioambientales acumulativos parece muy amplio Teniendo en cuenta este potencial y reconociendo una oportunidad para promover el desarrollo industrial sostenible UNEP IE convoc a una reuni n de expertos en abril de 1995 para considerar un manual t cnico relativo a la gesti n medioambiental de terrenos industriales El manual actualmente en proceso incluir principalmente algunas pautas sobre asuntos medioambientales de salud y seguridad para la gesti n medioambiental un marco de gesti n que incluye una discusi n sobre servicios medioambientales adecuados y pautas para nuevos terrenos industriales y terrenos industriales ya existentes Al parecer el hecho de adoptar un marco de gesti n medioambiental extenso r
25. tos sobre la salud p blica y en la producci n agr cola Adem s se proponen un cierto n mero de formas de aliviar los problemas de contaminaci n de Hanoi How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page file M NonlineWpubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01 Quarterly Review Vol 19 No 4 Page 14 of 14 Inventory of hazardous waste generation in India a case study Inamul Haq S P Chakrabarti and D K Biswas Central Pollution Control Board Parivesh Bhawan East Arjun Nagar Delhi 110 032 India Abstract To identify the main hazardous waste generators and ascertain the quantity of various types of hazardous wastes an inventory of hazardous waste generating industries has begun in India This article presents the findings of such an inventory in the different districts of the state of Karnataka in industrialized southern India The information will be useful in preparing a hazardous waste management plan for Karnataka R sum En Inde a d but un inventaire des industries g n ratrices de d chets dangereux dans le but d identifier les principales activit s responsables et de d terminer les quantit s de ces divers types de d chets Cet article pr sente les r sultats de cet inventaire dans les diff rents districts de l Etat du Karnataka situ dans le sud industrialis de l Inde Ces informations seront utiles l laboration d un plan de gestion des d chets dangereux pour le Karnataka Res
26. ts therefore looms large In view of this potential and recognizing an opportunity to promote sustainable industrial development UNEP IE convened a meeting of experts in April 1995 to consider a technical manual concerning environmental management of industrial estates The manual currently in preparation will address environmental health and safety concerns guiding principles for environmental management a management framework including a discussion of appropriate environmental services and guidelines for new and existing industrial estates It will make the case that adopting a comprehensive environmental management framework reduces environmental impacts minimizes risks and liabilities and enhances the sustainability of the estate R sum Il existe plus de 12 000 zones et parcs industriels dans le monde et certains d entre eux comptent jusqu 1000 entreprises Le risque d accidents industriels et l impact cumul sur l environnement est donc une menace bien r elle Le PNUE IE conscient de ce risque et reconnaissant l une opportunit de promouvoir un d veloppement industriel durable a organis une r union d experts en avril 1995 afin d envisager la r daction d un guide technique ayant trait la gestion de l environnement dans les zones industrielles Ce guide actuellement en pr paration traite des probl mes li s l environnement l hygi ne et la s curit il nonce des principes directeurs pour la gestion de l envir
27. umen Con el fin de identificar los principales generadores de desechos t xicos y conocer los diferentes tipos de estos ltimos se ha iniciado un inventario de las industrias generadoras de desechos t xicos en India Este art culo presenta los hallazgos de tal inventario en los diferentes distritos del estado de Karnataka en el sector industrializado del sur de India La informaci n puede ser til en la preparaci n de un plan de gesti n de los desechos t xicos para Karnataka How to order Back to Table of Contents Back to Quaterly Review Page Copyright O UNEP 1996 EEES A This page was last updated on 18 June 1997 Please send comments corrections or requests to unepie Ounep fr file M NonlinepubliNeqrueqr194 html 6 6 01
28. within industrial estates On the other hand the very proximity of these industries which causes environmental damage can be turned to advantage in the search for solutions Estates can be centrally controlled and managed at all stages of their existence and this creates opportunities for coordinated and coherent application of environmental management principles Until recently however the focus for development of explicit environmental management systems has been the individual company If such systems are to be applied to industrial estates they will need to be adapted An estate is in essence a community and estate managers must find ways to balance individual company and community interests when implementing environmental management There is a need for clear definition of responsibilities and accountability regarding environmental issues specifying which aspects are the responsibilities of the local community or of government agencies and which are to be controlled at estate and individual company levels Increased awareness of environmental issues and increasingly stringent regulations are now pushing estates to look for cost effective ways to improve their environmental performance There is a window of opportunity here Many small and medium sized companies especially in developing countries cannot afford to design build and operate their own pollution control systems For such companies environmental compliance problems could be handl
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