ユーザのリスク認知に対する製品警告の明示性・可能性情報の影響
Contents
1. 1 Otsubo S M 1988 A behavioral study of warning labels for consumer products Perceived danger and use of pictographs In Proceed2. 1 2 _ 2 1 l
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23. Vol 8 121 131 2002 JE The effects of injury explicitness and injury likelihood information 2 in marming Statements t on users hazard perceptions Takahiro Kurikawa and Yoshino Imamura The present research investigates how statement contents of consumer product warnings influence users hazard perceptions A number of researchers have found that the presence of warnings on products increased users perceived hazardousness of the products and that users perceived the products with high i injury severity warnings to be more hazardous than those with low injury severity warnings Other research however has shown that the presence of warnings did not increase users perceived hazardousness because they already viewed the products to be hazardous at a specific level even if they did not read warnings There is therefore a lack of consistency in the results of the many studies carried out concerning this i issue l The aim of this research was to examine the effects that explicitness and likelihood of i injury have on user s ratings such as perceived hazardousness perceived severity and likelihood of injury An experiment was conducted where 70 subjects were asked to rate a set of measures after each of them read one of five different warning labels in which the explici
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33. ings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 936 540 2 Friedmann K 1988 The effect of adding symbols to written warning labels on user behavior and recall Hu man Factors 30 501 515 3 Strawbridge J A 1986 The influence of position 131 highlighting and imbedding on warning effectiveness In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society J th An nual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 716 120 4 Wogalter M S 1999 Factors influencing the ef fectiveness of warnings In H J G Zwaga T Boerse ma and H C M Hoonhout Eds Visual information for everyday us Design and research perspective Taylor amp Francis pp 93 110 5 1993 3 6 Martin B J 2000 The value of explicit hazard and consequence warnings for products with hidden haz ards In Proceedings of the IEA HFES 2000 congress Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 4 302 4 305 7 Trommelen M and Akerboom S P 1999 Explicit warnings for child care products In H J G Zwaga T Boersema and H C M Hoonhout Eds Visual in formation for everyday use Design and research per spective Taylor amp Francis pp 119 125 8 Frantz J P 1994 Effect of location and procedural explici
34. tness and likelihood of injuries were manipulated The results indicate that the explicitness of hazards and injuries had an effect on the perceived severity of injury but little effect on the other measures including the perceived hazardousness of the products Also the type of product presented in the experiment was found to be the most important factor in influencing any measure This suggests that how hazardous users perceive products to be is based on the most hazardous experience that they have ever had with each product Implications of the findings are discussed Key Words Product safety Consumer product warning Risk perception Warning explicitness Perceived warning compliance SH ONU S4 PL 1980 90 N
35. tness on user processing of and compliance with product warnings Human Factors 36 532 546 9 Dingus T A Wreggit S S and Hataway J A 1993 Warning variables affecting personal protective equipment use Safety Science 16 655 673 10 Wogalter M S and Barlow T 1990 Injury likeli hood and severity in warnings In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp580 583 11 Laughery K R Vaubel K P Young S L Brels ford J W and Rowe A L 1993 Explicitness of consequence information in warnings Safety Science 16 597 614 12 Vaubel K P and Brelsford Jr J W 1991 Product evaluations and injury assessments as related to prefer ences for explicitness in warnings In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th annual meeting Hu man Factors Society 1048 1052 13 Ursic M 1984 The impact of safety warnings on perception and memory Human Factors 26 611 682 14 2002 38 Supp 316 317 l 15 RIERS 2000 6 113 122 16 Dejoy D M 1999 Attitudes and beliefs In M S Wogalter D M Dejoy and K R Laughery Eds Warnings and Communication Taylor amp Francis
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