潜在する危険に対する製品瞥告の遵守率
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19. Vol 6 113 122 2000 AL RT Compliance Rate of Consumer Product Warnings for Latent Hazards Takahiro Kurikawa Masakazu Shimada Yoshiharu Nakagawa The present research addresses the issue of whether consumer product warn ings actually result in users compling with safety instructions Various warning labels are widely used to convey information to users about hazards associated with products Hazards can be classified as patent which are already well known by most of the user population before using products or latent which are unknown Current legal doctrine does not mandate manufacturers to warn about patent hazards but latent hazards Although many studies have been conducted concerning the issue of warning effectiveness in terms of behavioral compliance they have hardly dealt with the latent hazards The aims of this research were 1 to examine the effects that latent hazards have on user behavior such as noticing reading and complying with warnings and 2 to determine how user behavior is influenced by user s subjective ratings of the product and warning To this end guise warning experiments were con ducted using a chainsaw or a battery in five situations which included either a patent or latent hazard It was found that users complind with warnings for latent hazards less often than with t
20. 19 22 5 75 15 11 4 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 L Wogalter 4 116 BET DERITA SUME OEC EPEAT 5 1567
21. Z ER 1 Wogalter M S 1999 Factors influencing the effectiveness of warnings In Harm J G Z Theo B and Henri tte C M H Eds Visual information for everyday use Design and re search perspective Taylor amp Francis pp 93 110 2 Wogalter M S And Young S L 1994 The effect of alternative product label design on warning compliance Applied Ergonomics 29 99 01 3 Strawbridge J A 1986 The influence of po sition highlighting and imbedding on warn ing effectiveness Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 30th Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 716 720 4 Otsubo S M 1988 A behavioral study of warning labels for consumer products Perce ived danger and use of pictographs Proceed ings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 936 540 5 Friedmann K 1988 The effect of adding symbols to written warning labels on user behavior and recall Human Factors 30 507 515 6 Zeitlin L 1994 Failure to follow safety in
22. 99 WA rE Zwei
23. DRADE 2 5 3 6 5 KRERET OCEANE 3
24. 09 9956 40 096 20 096 EET L CIXB 1 20 74 26 796 6 7 A 2 3 B 2 12 14 853 5 9 14 78 7 v A 2 A 3 14 2 6 11 54 7 5 10 49 3 EPA 5 OVI E 69 596
25. an Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting Human Factors Society 122 tc b fel RICkHE D RUMORES pp 1014 1018 1979 Rating the risks Environment 21 i4 16 Slovic P Fischhoff B and Lichtenstein S 39
26. hose for patent ones However this result did not indicate that users were more likely to fail to notice or read warnings for latent hazard than for patent ones The perceived cost of compliance was the primary predictor in de termining whether users complied with warnings followed by the likelihood of injury and belief of the warning Key Words Product Safety Consumer Product Warning Warning Effectiveness Behavioral Compliance Measure Latent Hazard 1980 1 Faculty of Social Information Science Kure University 114
27. structions Faulty communication or risky decisions Human Factors 36 172 181 7 Gill R T Barbera C and Precht T 1987 A Comparative evaluation of warning label designs Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 416 418 8 Duffy R R Kalsher M J and Wogalter M S 1993 The effectiveness of an Interactive warning in a realistic product use situation Proceedings of the Human Factors Society silth Annual Meeting Human Factors Society pp 935 939 9 Doriss A L and Purswell J L 1977 Warnings and human behavior Implications for the design of product warnings Journal of Products Liability 1 255 264 10 2000 36 Sup 362 263 11 Edworthy J and Adams A 1996 Warning design research prospective Taylor amp Francis pp 26 29 12 Lehto M R and Miller J M 1986 Warn ings Volume I Fundamentals design and evaluation methodologies Fuller Technical Publications pp 6 9 13 Edworthy J and Adams A 1996 Warning design A research prospective Taylor amp Francis pp 8 17 14 D A 7 v E 1990 pp 14 17 15 Young S L Wogalter M S and Breslsford J W 1992 Relative contribution of likelihood and severity of injury to risk perceptions Proceedings of the Hum
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