手動式交流アーク溶接作業に関する実態調査
Contents
1. UHHHHHHHHUEBDEULDEHEHELHLU 93 010000000000 58 0 0000000000 6 0000 000000000 00120000 2000000000000000 21UUUHHHHUHEHDUDEHHEDELELU 0 0 D 35 0 0000000 30260 000 g0 26 000 0 0 0 0 000000000 gpugagpnupupngupngungnumngggpnanm auiyabu unuununnununugupngnanu pngugunguuguupnggupnggggagHD 0 0 0 0 rts 00000 UHHHEHRDHHRDEERHEELEUHRDEIURDRE 4100000000000 0 5020 0000000 pngunguupnuupngaupnggugngagHDg UHHHHHHHBDEIEHRDUHRDEHEERHHRL URHHHERDHEBDHERDHERDLUHRHUDRE2. 00000000000000000000 85 20000000 3 0000000 40000000000 31000000000000 50000000000 ertt 0000000 0000 0000 0 0 00 0 0 0000 ertt 00000000000000 0000 0 00 0 00 4 0000 00000000000000 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 000000000000000 0 000 0 0 0 00 OG a 000000000000000 0000 0 000 0000 0000000000 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0000 00 0 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0000 00000 0000000 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0010 0 0 0000000000000000 000 0 0 0 00 0000 000 00 000 BEBE ETAT EE ET PIRE E 0000000000000000 000 000 00 41 000000000000000000 0000000000 0 0230 900014 2000 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 0 00 0 453 41100000 EET ELEL ELTE ET EE E EE TEE DE EE EE E E 01000 000000000000000 00 00 0 0 00 32000000000 00000000 6 3000000000000 0 000000000000000 0000 0 0 0 0000 EHE EET EE EF BEES EDDIE EI OOO0 749601 000 0 imer tr 00 0 00000000 0 00 0 0 000 00 0 210 0 OU00000000000000 Fig 4000000000000000 U 500 U OOU00000000 0 0 B 30 00400000000000000 err O3000000 enit 000000000000000 0000 0 0 00 00 00 0000000000000215000000000 00000000 000 0000 0 000000 00 00 0 0 0 00 00 100 ias 29 114 2 y 30000000000000 D A 4000000000 BET 500000000000000 utem OU00000000000000 1000
3. 0000 0000000000000000 Fig 1000 0000000 6 200000000000000 00000000 30v00000000000000 0000000000 Fis 1000008100008 200000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 E EFE ELE EE EE ELE EDED EE ET EE ELE BIET E 000051000082000000000000 0000030 000000 a CELL Fig 1 Schematic view of an AC arc welding machine equipped with Voltage Reducing Device VRD NE eo Sam 1112 11 Shae 2S 7 3 AEE hi Vi Bn Fig 2 Schematic diagram of output voltage of an AC arc welding machine controlled by a VRD HEFTE EP HE HEEL EE HEHE EE BELT eo 00000000
4. 000 000 00000 0000000 60 1561 HUMHURDUUNHUHUUUHLH 43 0 Fig 2702800000000000000000 00000 000000000000 62 0 0 0 eA nw URHHBDBREBDBDEHRDHHHHHHDHU RDUH OOOO 7PHHUDHDUBDHELDUEDUDHLU OU upnggunguugguupnggupngggpgdgagu URHEBDDHEBRBDEEHRDHHHHHHDHURDUH URHHRREBBDEEHRDHHHHHHBDEHU RDUH 000000000000 Bm WE NEN BR m GEHEET TEETE m EIB 3 1 nie EREMO Fig 27 Degree knowledgement of types of starting resistance sensitivities of AC arc welding machine with VRD 000000000000000000 iay BL TL LAN I pL ETL 11 D EE SETS EE RE E i memuar Dgree of knovvledgement of the relationship betvveen the degree of usability of an AC arc vvelding machine vvith a VRD and its starting resistance sensitivity 00 0 Ts Fig 28 43 2000000000 0 EE A BE ELEE BERE EET EE ET EEELER EE ELT BELT EP E H UHULULULULKUHUUNUHUUMUUNUNUULLUu OU Fig 290 0 000000000000000 00000000000 NIIS RR 200211 200311 HHEHBHHEHEHERHHHH HDERDBDE L HR 00000 0 0 as 000 0 1121 121 1 642 285 feld m EME OLOR flue CI BIZ IZLfEz EB D 315 Fig 29 Degree of knowldgement of troublesome factors in a VRD 000000000000000 4 3 3 HTRDUE
5. UHHHERDHEHBDUHRDHEHELHUHRDHUDLE 0 0 URHHHERDHEBDHERHERDLHEUHREHURDRLH 5HUHUHHUHUHLDEUHDUDELUELDLL 10 UHUHBDBDUHHHRDBDHEHHUHEREIERUuUn UHHHEHDHEBDHERDHEEEHUHRDHUDRH 00000000 00000000000000 0 0 0 00000000000000000 aiununuununnaunugnguagungnauu HRHHEHLDHEBDUERDHEELHEUHRDHUDLRE HHEHULDELDDELH 9965HHUDUBDELHU 0000000000 UHHHEHRHHBDEIHRDHHRDEHHURDHHRDL URH BDUEDHEHEREHHERDHHDHURDLRE UHHHEHRDHHBDEIHRDHHRDEHEERDHHLDL HUHREBRHHUEUHHHHRRDRLL UH JISH O UHHHEBDHEBDUHEDREIURDHHHLE UHHHHERDHEBDERDHEHLHUHRDHUDLDE TRDHERHHEHHEBHEHHBDEHHEHELULDLU 00000000000000000 UHHHHEHDHEHBDHERDHEHRDEHUHRHHLRL 5000 000000000 aiununuunununanunugungnanu 0000 0 0 00000000000009060000000 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 21HUHDUHUEDHBDHEHUDHELELLHU UHHHEHRHHBDEHERDHEHREHEUHREHRL 000000 0000000 70200000000000000 0 30 JIS c 931 0000000000000 00 0 00000000000000 1989 agjununuugnaunnanunugpngnanu 3020 HD HHDHEHUHHEUHBDUELHEUDEHLEL 00 0 150 10 70000 AA EE Oe eee EE Uu A HO EE UHHHHRHHHBDEHRDHHRDEHUERDHULRL
6. OG a mw URHEHBDDEHBHBDEHRDHHHHHHBHUDULH 0000 0 EL a EIE uu 00 00 0000000000000 0000000 50000000000000000 URHEBDRDEHBBDEHRDHHHHEHHDEHURDUH HUHHEHEBDHHEHHDEHDEHUHHUHULR HHHEBRDEHBDBDEHRDHHHHEHHRDHURDUH a OY a wt URHHBRRDEBDBDEHRDHHHHEHHBDEHURDUH 000 2 00000000000000000 000000 001 365 000000000000000 0000003220000000000000000 OO HU UL Hu Lu 00 000 00000 000 00000 0 0000000000000 00 0 0 00000000000000 0 OO 2000000000000000000 0 00 00000000000000 0000000000000000002 500 0 000000000 00 NIIS RR 2002 200311
7. 0 0000000000000000 ls 0 0 00000000000000000 ELET BEBOELEPEE EET EIE 0 00000000000000 00 Fig 250 0 000000000000000000 0 0 0 0000 00 0000000000 50 BH 1x 0 30 0 000 00000000 Li ELUCET E OO Co Ooo qs uzi E iL L LES Dd L3 L3 L3 L3 L3 FE ED E3 TE oo m 22 u i C3 C3 oO C3 22 oO EH r3 rrr ET r3 pr pm rm r3 EZ EZ E1 E3 EH EH E3 Eu E3 EH E Eu EH 7 LE E ESI ui EE ESI Es Ee cooooo ooooooogo 92 000 0000 00 00 NIS RR 2002 2003 m du ir u mmm BRR One dome 205 m sunur v u uuum ru AD dg om Zo m k OBESSE ATEL n meis 20cm EE 325 115 OD ABRIL T r Fig 35 Degree of usability during the delay time Fig 38 Distance between the ignition point of the of an AC arc welding machine with a VRD arc and the welding point of the work piece until it reduces the no load voltage to 000000000000 safety voltage under temporary welding conditi ons ugugaauuuuiulitlubLtLltlu 00000000000 mueoas m XB
8. 00000 i 20000000 Fig 3 Classification of industry type on response 30 0 00000 40000 5000H 6000000 DHARA 70000 820 308 ES 800000000 ape anie OOU00000000 AE EEEEDEEE ET EDO DERE DEEE EE 20000000000 3i 0000000000 Fig 4 Age of the respondents 100000 0000 86 00000000000 00000000 56 5 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 000 35000000000000000 B tr m himn Fig 5 Percentage of respondents with certificated welding 0000000 40 0000 Fig 6 00 0000 649611 100 0 0000 000 0 000 m 3 L E 285 Oeil E bi Fig 6 Years engaged in arc welding operations 0000 O50 1000000000000 Fi 70000000 1000000000000 15 0 0 00 300 0000 0000000000 0 00000000000 15111 0 0 0 40960 300 0 0000 3520 0000 000 00 000 0 3500 0 D 0 D 407611 30900000 50260 0000 B 1585 2 4 5 m 1585 8 3089 LE az 1 E 214 Fig 7 Working hours per one month 1000000000000 paiunnugnnuunauugupnagugagpnaaun Fig 83 000000000000000 AN gnunpnpnnpnmuuubudullilull Ti HE ELEE BE ELEE HEELS EE EE ET a a EEET UT BE EH EE EP EDLEE TIED EE EEER EE EE EE EE ELE TE BT EL EET EE EE EH 00000000000 1560 000000000 43 NIIS RR 200211 200311 0 0 35400000 ACER AC DG BUREEE MHA BITIGREIRNE REI n r UEUE ORG 50 100 150 ERRERA 50 150 239 350 400 Fig 8 Types of arc welding machines 000000000000 41200000000
9. 0000000 UHHHERHHBDEHRDHEHRDEHUHREHRL 00004119000 000600000000 000000000 00000 3 0000000 000000000000 Figs 90 180000000 000000000000050 000000000 000 100 000000000 01000 m 145 lt gt wanes munie Du o tik B Th Fig 9 Classification of industry type for respondents who had done AC arc welding 0000000000 0 00 0 0 0 00 2100 15 105 Bete 195 m 20 308 3 38 C 307 408 s a m 40 508 c 3 d s Fig 10 Age of the respondents who had done manual AC arc vvelding 0 00000000000000 UHHHHHHHBUEBDEULDEHEHEU 87 300000000000000 1111 RL B uH gu un my 2uBlmi mTL m Fox sah Ta UZ Fig 11 Percentage of respondents vvith certification Fig 14 Percentage of respondents vvho had in vvelding vvho had done manual AC arc experienced electric shock during an arc vvelding vvelding operation UNDUNULUNUUUUULNULUVMU 00000000000000000 HUULUHHUU EI RUE 02000000000 0200000 Fig IS5S0000000000000000000 000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0000 4 30 35061 26960 0000000000000 225 RE oe 0000000000000 00 0 0 0000 000020 asa 000000000000002000000000 0000000000000 00 0 0 0000 000020 0000000000000 00 00 0 0000 000000 a 000000000000000 0 0 0 000 0 0000 Fig 12 Years of arc welding ex
10. 62 24 1451 BindgwwEUTIUNTERELT XHBG S Dd EW dr b ri iz EUM BRoOSUENEL ERTS Dag ERA TAD aa Lr iis l5 om a Fig 33 Method for recovering the desensitization of a VRD by the fouling and rusting of the work piece 0 0 00000000000000 0 0000000000000 0000000 000000000000002000 00 Of 435 0000 UTHHUHHHHHBHHHHHHDEUULDULM 0 0000000000 Fis 340000000000 00 000 00000000000 0 0 2200 0000 u auem P DET LUE Ma OA cS R I A te LY V A05 Fig 34 Degree of usability during the delay time of an AC arc welding machine with a VRD until it reduces the no load voltage to a safety voltage test by test button 00000000000000000 00000000 0 2000 0 0 Fig 35 00 0000000000000 0 Fig 36 000000000000000 10260 0000 00 000 00 00 0 0 URHERBDEHBHRDEUHRHHHBEHU RDUH 0000000502600000000000 O HH UBDUBDBDEHHEHHDHULULDHHU uguupnugungugggagHpDaBgpBpBgunp U3TUHUUHDHHDEHEHEHDELEHEULDU 3200000000 000000
11. BHBDEHRDHHHHHHDHU DUH 55 37 D Es 525 Fig 18 Relationship between electric shock and the contents of the arc welding operation when the electric shock occurred 00000000 u euo m ggg PED ge 000000000 0 0 N IS RR 200211 200311 0000 6500 0 00 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0000000060000 1 50 000 30 0 000 00000000000 15 0 0000000000000 000000000374000000000000 000000000000423 000000000 0 6 00000000 Fig 19 OO 8960 000 URHHEHBDRHEHBHBDEHRDHEHEEHUHDHUDLRE D LL 30211 0 46 0 0 244 0000000 URHEBRRDEBRBDEHRDHHRHHEDHUDRE 115 tev BTUERnTUS Paf aas Fig 19 Influence of wet condition of work clothes on electric shock 000000000000 422000000000000000 42200000 0 00 000000000000 H Fig 200 2500000 HEEL EPEEET EE BED ET ET EE EE ER ED ED EET DE ET ET BELT H 000000000 6520 0000 000 0 7260 00 UTHUEBDUDHULDULDU m F 7 EL nda 885 128 7 Eb Fig 20 Percentage of respondents experienced i
12. Cb 305 k HUR OPA PPO RS P5 ED ITE AS uud Zi ET L T 5 nE EERE S Pa i Fig 39 Type of the glove used in welding 0000000000000 Fig 36 degree of usability on the delay time of AC arc welding machine with Voltage Reducing Device until it reduces the no 44000 load voltage at safety voltage Under the permane nt welding UHHHHHHHHUHHHHHERHULHHULH 0 0 0 0000000000 00000000000000000 0 Fig 390 0 0 00000000000000 506000000 0 TOLL AERTS m DERE PPR s 450000 WoT SL ERY TTS Rama CR RL Se SPER TLL gugggagggggmgagmmgguudauluttlu 000 0 0 t HUHHEHHHHHHHHEIUHHUHLHHLLUUH Fig 37 Time until the vvelding rod is exchanged 000000000 by operator after the arc is extinguished 0 00000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000 100000000000000000000000 But HUHHHHUHUHUHHHHHHULRL UULULHUH 00000000 0 0 0 10ml111U101U111111 0000 00 0 0 00 0000 HUHHHHUHUHUHHHHEEHUHLUULUUHH HUHHHHUHUHHHHHEULUHULUUHH HUHHHHHUHUHHHHHEEHUHLUUUUHH 5 HULHHHHUHHHHHRL LRLULU BSU RZA HHUHHUHUHUHHHHHEEHELLUUULHUH 0000000
13. DUDHUHEULDULDU URHHEHRDEHRDEHERDHELDDL UNL Fig SOHUHUHHEBDHBDHHHERDHEBDERULLE URHEBDRERRDEHRDHHHHEHHRDEHURDLRH 000000 tod 3am B MERO D Lsm E S nunun a n n on EEM TERDEE Af R nu p AXREREEuEE Oe im mumu Sk amp v MO UD MD H mum Main checklist items to be done before operating an AC arc welding machine 0 000000000000000 Fig 30 0 2 0000000000000000 Fig SIHEHDUDHEHHRDURDHUELRERRIE 0 0 000 0 0 00 000000006000 0 0 0 0 00000006000000 4340000 HTHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEBDULHHLH 00000 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000000 il EEE ida Hr T r r 7 JER ANT MEH acum l 20 o 60 b 160 i 140 BERA Fig 31 Main checklist items regarding the function of Voltage a VRD 000000000000000 134 q B AT ete 2 Ee ta MERVEL TEN B TS Fig 32 Degree of experience in starting desensitization of a VRD by fouling and rusting of the work piece DEBE EPELULDEERET EI DEDE ECHTE EE Mu 0000000000 0 0 0 00 00 00 0 0000000 0 0 0 00 000000000000 Ez ET El 0 0000000000000000 Fig 3 000000 6820 Eea
14. Research Reports of the National Institute of Industrial Safety NIIS RR 2002 2003 UDC 006 88 519 25H 613 647 621 791 75 0 0 000000000000000 0000 000 000 Questionnaire Survey regarding Manual AC Arc Welding Operation by Tatsuo MOTOYAMA Hajime and Eiki YAMANO Abstract Arc welding is a high risk operation because it is very difficult to remove exposed live parts such as the welding rod and the welding rod holder from a manual AC arc welding machine The Voltage Reducing Device for an AC arc welding machine VRD is designed to prevent electric shock caused by the arc welding operation Although VRD is very useful for preventing electric shock the time has come to improve the device by internationalizing the specifications for the standards A questionnaire survey on the arc welding operation was carried out among arc welding workers Statistical analysis was performed on 453 responses The results are summarized as follows 1 About 58 of the arc welding workers had suffered electric shock during arc welding 21 The live parts touched most often in electric shock incidents were the welding rod 3596 the welding rod holder 30 and the welding work piece 26 30 Over 50 of the arc welding workers had suffered electric shock during welding rod exchange work One reason is that the welding rod is exchanged before the VRD has reduced the output voltage of the arc welding machine to
15. n manual AC arc vvelding vvho had experienced electric shock during an arc welding operation 0 000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 00 0000000000 02000000000 1 e GRO NEM p ETT a din xar 208 oe 74 eet BiH ex m god Fig 21 Live parts touched by arc welding workers experienced in manual AC arc welding work 00 0 0 00 0 0 31 000000 0 1 968 Fig 22 Percentage of AC arc welding machines with 125 VRD 00000000000 00 0 0 0 0200 a HERES T EP EXE 04000000000000 m LETT m Li ams DB grs sexum m con Fig 23 Area dependency of the electric shock on a manual AC arc welding operation uuuiuiutiuitutuluttultlu 00000000 Fig 24 050 000000000 n Bm mum Dd Relationship between electric shock and wetting condition in working area during a manual AC arc welding operation UUHBHBDUHHHRDBDLEDULLERU 000000 0 6000000000 Fig 25 Bim a n b BRE O E Faith Relationship betvveen electric shock and the content of the manual AC arc vvelding operation when the electric shock occurred DBBHESgmBgogEggigmggmmgE 00000 7100000000 Fig 26 ah a FTATIM Lau a ots 955 Influence of wet conditions of overall on electric shock during manual AC arc welding operation 00000 N 000000 EB E ELE GE EH OU Ooo 430000000000
16. perience among ugdmugdiatgsdzEuiazaeazaetatltaatiaetl Lt 0000000000000040200000000 00000000000000000000000 ang uq 0 00 0 00 0 0000 000000 0500000000000000 000 00 000 00 0 0 0 0100 0000 0 0000 000000000000 000 0 00 00 0000 msnm 000000000000 000 0 0000 0000 uf ave o 000000000000000 0000 0 Be aom E i Beao xm mum mig i Fig 13 Working hours per month among respondents P md es who had done manual AC arc welding XE a 0000000000000 0 00 0000 001000000000000 uu uzun m ezib 420000000000000000 Fig 15 Live parts touched by arc welding 42100000 operation workers 010000000000 000000 0 Fig 140 00000 58 0 00000000000 uunu uu LI EL uu LU LLL u 3000000000000 000 Fig 1600 00000000000000 0 4461 0000 0 0 00 0 0 sare 00000000000 UHHUHHEHHHHUHHEHHUUHHELEULHULUL 0 00000000000000000 E um m a DE RROTAT m ro a s 315 MS Fig 16 Area dependency of the electric shock 00000000000 0 4 00000000000000 0 000 H Fig wgmnagupnungugupnggupugnggagagamu URHEHBRREBRBDEHRDHHHHHHDHUDUH 0 000000000000000 a BA d k Dn 505 Fig 17 Influence of wet condition in working area on electric shock 0000000000000 05000000000 000000000000000 0 Fig 1800 D 00000000000 522000 00 Fig 150 URHHBDRDE
17. under 30V 411 About 9596 of the electric shock incidents occurred when clothing such as coveralls shoes or gloves got wet 5 When a welding worker wearing wet clothes touches live parts of an arc welding machine that has a VRD the device may not operate safely possibly causing the workers to suffer electric shock Therefore it is necessary to consider the starting sensitivity of VRD 6 About 3096 of the workers thought that the use of VRD was troublesome Therefore manufacturers should improve the device Keywords AC arc welding Voltage Reducing Device Electric shock Questionnaire survey Statistical analysis UHHHELHHHLLH Physical Engineering Safety Research Group 1 0000 HUUHHDUEHLHULDULELLULELLL O sov URHEHBDREBDBDEEHRDHHRHHHEHHBDHURDULH EO a ww URHHBREDEBHBDEHRDHHHHHHDHURDUH URHEHBDRDEBRBDEHRDHHHHEHHDHURDUH URHEBDRDEBBDEHRDHHRHEHHDHURDUH 0 0000000000000 0 00000000000000 300 000 0 0000 0 uuHUHUUNUUNUUHHULUUNUHUUULUu 0000000000000355000000000 sa
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