第 5 回 JAT 新人翻訳者コンテスト 英日部門 課題文
Contents
1. BR HO x R HO 1 R 12. 1
3. BR R BR 500 X0 15 75
4. IT
5. Th Hem 13 DT quality editor
6. BR BR 500 x 0 15 75 650 0 15 75 650 0 15 0 115 0 0385 DAZ H
7. PDF PDF DTP 1 2
8. o 1 500 x0 15 75 1 650 0 15 75 650 0 15 0 115 0 035 AROR 1
9. 32 BR y Y LICL CC MRA OARS MEW LUTWIOR SET He ORD SABA SILCHS FREOMRSLMCK I 3
10. 2 OBER OD 7 O HH GRIT A CS TES R I N 2 3 TORN 4 5 Money KOERA ORRA A IZT XD
11. BR BR 1 500 x0 15 75 1 650 0 035 0 15 75 650 0 15 0 115 0 035 8
12. IT OK OK just 19
13. 28 DRI 12 32 billable rate spend
14. 23 NRN Word
15. 1 aaT tN ae
16. NV 49 coy
17. 0 035 BE 28
18. BR 1 1 BR HOxR AF HO R HO RIA 2 2 UN Ve ees
19. 14 Edit billable rate C Edit Proof billable rate 5 lt able rate 1
20. 32 H CXS
21. TA 32 1 3 lifestyle impacts just just 1 3 2 ignoring any BETER RANE 3 ER 18 81
22. 1 500 x0 15 75 0 15 75 650 1 75 2 1 500 650 0 115 0 115 650 1 75 0 15 0 035
23. 1 2 1 BR HOxR HO 1 R 1 1 1 1
24. 2 1 500 Leia 650 1 75 1 0 115 b i T A a a 0 15 0 035 F
25. NE nie iin BR BR 1 650 0 15 0 115 0 035
26. BR HO x R HO 1 hourly output in words R the average per word rate 2 ats
27. ul Nm W RECORTE gt BS H Z 3 23 28 2
28. building block approach FAR Yl Buh Bill I 49 5
29. BR ED 3 32 49 amp
30. 1 75 D 1 500 650 oe 0 115 650 1 75 0 15 0 035 A ea ae
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32. 1 81 OF BH Hj CWS RH IT
33. fa lex H 1 81 act j E IA CH ay BTA E RIES act E Ve v De 500 E RS 2h 16 HEFY KIC
34. ITT OK 3 2 4 9 B R H O 5 nexus center core 49 K OK K 13 1 2 2 INS
35. Economic Thinking for Translators JAT JAT PAR IYT A RICCO building block approach edit editor Question Is building block approach a technical or economic term Chris Regards building block approach it simply means creating small sets that are eventually put together for a larger set thus give a formula for billing rate so that is understood and then in another formula use billable rate as just one component This is a common idiom 32 EB Question The editor here just reads the translated text checks the grammar and makes the text more readable but doe
36. E 2 1 EL PR PERR 5 BR
37. 650 0 15 75 650 0 15 0 115 0 035 Lie ee ee 75 0 115 650 75 0 115 0 15 F 0 035 0 15 0 115
38. ignoring any lifestyle impacts 3 2 8 1 a ti Productivity tautology 81
39. Sit 5 No 23 No 28 No 32 No 49 No 81 CAT 46 10 1 No 81 2 No 49 uly ITZE
40. ul a Y 1 E PRAR a B E A ELDR ROT LEWE LEA BIT CHOENEKOMMICEDES KAO Bia VCR 9 BER 2 1 nen 0 5 1 1 E at ne
41. va 28 15 billable rate BR et 32 tL im SDS Like RE RE ORR SCH e een cae Tmodeing EP RED a
42. CRR X AE PEPE TOT E Ce Sh HHo Pil BR TSE billable rate rate ee 1 ee GA CWSI ERS o an 8 7 Ff H
43. billable rate BR 1 BR HOxR HO 1 hourly output R rate 2 s 9 1
44. 500 ag 650 1 ee 75 1 0 115 1 0 115 650 75 0 15 0 035 S 1
45. 32 81 3 5 23 Bilable rate building block approach Tv BBA PS Ub PARITY
46. E PDF XML FrameMaker BR 2 28 E
47. 5 JAT Billable rate Economic Thinking for Translators Chris Blakeslee This article is especially meant for those of you who tend not to think in economic terms The concepts covered are intuitive and can be applied without actually resorting to the use of equations but with the idea that economic thinking may help get you closer to your optimal work environment work load work content and income we construct a simple model of the key variables in the translator s income equation The grasp or perish concepts are billable rate the value of your time when you are translating work rate the value of your time when you are working including time spent on marketing billing and other non translation activities gross income net income and net productivity Billable rate We will take a building block approach to modeling your productivity starting with the equation for billable rate Like an attorney a translator spends time directly attributable to a client and also spends time on peripheral activities Unlike an attorney who bills by the hour and thus sets her billable rate in advance most translators bill by the word and do not know their billable rate for any particular job until after the job is done The equation for billable rate BR is 1 BR HO x R where HO is total hour
48. GAR 81 h A CAPS AOR hab b ROR
49. Jun MOINE AA 1 spend x 0 15 75 H J 8 3
50. all the hours that you spend working not only translating but also marketing your services attending seminars sending out invoices communicating with clients reinstalling software shopping for hard drives staying current in your field through reading and posting long winded comments to translator mailing lists Work rate can be thought of as your effective hourly gross wage in dollars More time spent on non translation activities instead of translation lowers your work rate UNLESS those other activities raise your billable rate enough to offset their costs The equation for work rate is 2 WR BR x BS where BR is billable rate and BS is billable share BS is billable hours BH as a fraction of total hours worked BH nonbillable hours NBH The following is the equation for billable share and is quite intuitive spending less time translating and more time on other non billable activities is all other things being equal of course going to lower your income 3 BS BH BH NBH Billable share would be expected to be higher for someone working exclusively for agencies and or a few loyal clients and lower for translators working for direct clients and or for numerous fickle clients You could actively increase your billable share by outsourcing such tasks as bookkeeping and marketing by using an agency or by getting more efficient at performing those tasks yourself Plugging equations 2 and 3 into 1 we get our exten
51. ded work rate equation 4 WR HO x Rx BH BH NBH From here it is easy to find gross income which is your gross hourly wage WR multiplied by total hours worked BH NBH which also happens to be the same as your billable rate multiplied by billable hours 5 GI WR x BH NBH BR x BH Let us now apply our not yet complete model to Celeste a fictitious French translator who logs 1500 working hours a year counting her time spent at ATA conferences even the schmoozing the French prefer not to overwork themselves with a 2 3 billable share which means she spends 1000 of those hours actually translating 1000 billable hours Celeste conveniently lives in Dubai where there is no income tax allowing us to ignore tax effects Celeste has an average word rate of 0 15 and averages 400 words an hour out the door counting editing and polishing her own work Here are Celeste s numbers for work rate WR 400 hr x 0 15 x 2 3 40 hr Celeste has needs however and she has decided that 40 hr 60 000 annual income just is not enough What can she do Working more hours is out of the question remember Celeste is French One option is to boost her hourly output using various mental techniques and software tools A 25 boost in speed to 500 words hourly would raise her BR to 75 and her WR to 50 She could also try to add more clients at the higher end of her rate range and weed out the bottom feeders A boost of 0 03 in her av
52. erage word rate to 0 18 would mean a WR of 48 Those approaches raise her billable rate To raise her billable share she could try to work more efficiently say by hiring a bookkeeper Assuming that Celeste was spending 50 hours per year on bookkeeping that she could outsource 40 of those hours it still takes time to gather information for the bookkeeper and that the bookkeeper could get the job done in only 30 hours at a price of 30 hr she will pay out 900 and free up 40 hours of her own time to translate at her billable rate of 60 Looked at directly she has paid 900 to buy time to earn 2400 a no brainer if there ever was one Note that it is the billable rate rather than work rate that should be used to determine the value of your time when deciding how to spend that time This is what economists refer to as thinking on the margin To include such costs in our model we will need to extend it a bit more to reflect the concept of net income which is gross income work hours x work rate minus business expenses 6 NI WH x WR X Where NI is net income WH is total working hours WR is work rate effective gross hourly wage and X is business expenses Use this formula to make sure your expenditures on productivity tools and on other services pay for themselves Net Productivity Finally we look at your net productivity net work rate which is simply your net income divided by working hours This number is equivalent to the hour
53. ly output in words and R is the average per word rate These are the two most important variables affecting your productivity the speed at which you can produce a finished deliverable translation expressed in words per hour and the price you get for the words you produce expressed in cents per word Note that the wrong way to think of productivity is in words per hour productivity is properly expressed in monetary terms An important psychological advantage of having thought this through is that with a rough final billable rate that incorporates editing time already in mind you know you are also being paid for editing Conversely you could also think of yourself as earning your initial draft billable rate when translating but earning nothing by editing the final number is the same but psychologically the editing will not be as pleasant if you think of it as unpaid work That said if you are a fast translator but a slow editor or poor editor or hate to edit editor you may be a good candidate for outsourcing your editing work If you pay your editor by the word just subtract that amount from your word rate to get the rate you should plug into the BR equation Here is what the editing outsourcing decision may look like If your BR with self editing is 500 words hourly x 0 15 75 and your speed without editing is 650 words per hour then if you can find a quality editor for 1 0 15 75 650 0 15 0 115 0 035 you should do i
54. ly wage of an employee and is the number you should use as a baseline when considering taking a job in house 9 NP NI WH The difference between net productivity and work rate is that the former also factors in business expenses A huge psychological benefit of knowing net productivity is that you now know the rate at which you are effectively being paid for doing non translation work activity Knowing that you are being paid for it makes it that much more fun to enjoy quaffing some cold ones at the ATA conference and much less painful to reinstall your whole operating system There are times to think marginally and times to think in averages since too much thinking on the margin may drive you insane There is a reason they call economics the dismal science You now have a working model to help you apply economic thinking to your translation business Good luck 5 23 28 32 49 81 23 ee ee DRE amp UK IC EAI AR HOMICIDE HD
55. rt BROEANAILO 2 49 Edit 5 Note that 2 81 1 from taking time away RER
56. s not compare the translation with the original text right If so is it easy to find such a person Chris As for editor your description is correct the idea is to just improve the English not check for mistranslations although you could hire such an editor checker as well suppose don t use an editor myself but think finding such a monolingual person wouldn t be difficult such as a grad student edit editor 11 o edit 32 49 81
57. t particularly if you prefer translating to self editing or if you can improve the quality of your translation and possibly your word rate by using an editor Here is the logic behind the above calculation To earn that same 75 in an hour now that you are not self editing and consequently producing 650 words an hour versus your old 500 you only need to net a rate of 0 115 per word i e 650 words at 0 115 per word earns you the same 75 for that hour Since you are still charging the client 0 15 you have 0 035 to play with For every cent that you think you could increase your word rate as a result of your more polished edited documents you can raise what you pay the editor by up to that amount without loss Your billable rate is the nexus of your earnings power although any time that you invest in raising it will be offset to some extent by the downward impact on your gross income from taking time away from translation and any money that you invest spend in raising it such as on speech recognition software CAT tools or a productivity enhancing office chair will have a downward impact on your net income This means that such investments can be justified economically ignoring any lifestyle impacts only if the resulting increase in billable rate is greater than these downward impacts Work rate To more fully account for the cost of your time we must expand our equation to represent work rate which is your gross income divided by
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