不均一系微小粒子の 生物活性測定システムの開発
Contents
1. B B2. 5 CO 13 4 CO SC 4 1 CO LASMMA CO
3. YAG BHSM IR L D0 03MHG007 GR
4. atom 0 0 0 4 atom 1 6 6 atom 6 0 5 C 1 0 5 LASMMA 17 3 4
5. DNA CIC HAH CON Wada et al 1977 Ichikawa et al 1992 LASMMA PC U
6. 2 5 mm 1mg 1 LASMMA 5X 27 8um 1 0 23 1Lm 2 0 X 13 9um 5 0 X 6 5um YAG 2 mm 1 1 YAG 0 8mm 2mm 4mm ULWD MIRPlan 5X 96LLm 38u
7. 39 1995 7 12 TQ8210 He Ne 630nm YAG 1060nm YAG 2 3 1 2 5 mW He Ne YAG 1 He Ne 633nm 0 25 mW 0 17 mW 2 YAG 1064nm YAG 60 mW 55 mW 35 mW 30 mW 35 mW YAG
8. 0 5 mmx 1 0 cm 2 1 A 2 3 4 1 2 mm mm Nupro SS4P4T 5 Whitey SS43ZF2 99 995 H O CO GL 116 5 6 0 5 mmX 10 cm RES 1 0 mm 6 0 0 RILA 4 0 0
9. B48 TI 2 4 CO LASMMA 10
10. C 2 CO 4 5 1 CO 1 0 NEJ ARRA G 0
11. C NN WW Bug Laser Semi Microprobe Gas Chromatography LASMGC LASMMA
12. CO 47
13. 29 6 8 B 1 06554036 LASMMA 9 3 m m E 30 IL LSO 1Y 07 1 1 06um 5 W 2 1 AC100V 5 DC 100V 12A x 326 2 19 D 1 0mm 100 1 9 D 1 0mm 9 0 AR 46x50mm Kor 4Kr2 2am LC 82 o HET 5W 12A EE 10064 nm 2kg cm 15 0 min Sum F He Ne 6 3 3 nm 3 1
14. 4 LASMMA LASMMA LASMMA 3 L LSO 1Y 07 Il II I II III
15. 3 Ong CO lug TENE ARB 3 0 63C 1 x1000 R VPC MMAIY AND IATNOP DAMSHSEREMOEE Belemnite RH 0 01 atom 10 4 2 PC _ CO CO CO 14 PC 0 2 C 0 0 0 0 2 atom
16. CO 25 3 5 0 0 1 6576 atom 3 0 2 5 4 5 0 0 6 0 5 atom 1 6 5 8 atom 0 08 3 atom CO CO EEROR 1 3ug 2
17. LASMMA 3 1 LASMMA 1 0 LASMMA 5 LASMMA
18. II 1 IT 4 42 SUS 0 5 mm 2 5
19. 5 4 5 3 41 XmBOMBYVE CIRO 05mm Ja NAARABAY IBEO 2mm X81 7CIDEO 75mm XMM BAY MR eS es eem EUIUOWIES ees Mem rel BN NEN X542U70 MB P 0 75 ARANETA mui yy 7 YRMUORE2Y O
20. MC PC C LASMMA C CO 1
21. LASMMA Laser Semi Microprobe Mass Analysis YAG 1 2 LASMMA 1 LASMMA
22. 9 3 EMRE B 1994 1996 YAG LASMMA Laser Semi Microprobe Mass Analysis C KERALA ODD CTW SEV A7
23. 27 1 4 CO 3 0 3 LASMMA
24. C Tracer MAT Minagawa M Winter D A and Kaplan I R 1984 Comparison of Kjeldahl and combustion methods for measuremnet of nitrogen isotope ratios in organic matter Analytical Chemistry 56 1859 1861 1993 SR Ee JE HI PK PORWR RRORIR Ak 35 77 86 1985 C SN FH LL 9 o RARER kI Bs MBGA RR BRIO In MUETIOIESR 13 p 109 124 23 5 POC direct estimation from POC Tracer MAT LASMMA obs est DC t turnover SPR DC turnover SPR turnover SPR hr mgCl mgChr hr hr mgChr hr hr hr hr 0 2 57 2 53 4 3 33 0 20 17 0 060 0 11 31 0 032 39 0 026 8 4 02 4 12 0 20 21 0 048 0 12 34 0 029 38 0 026 12 3 61 0 09 40 0 025 0 07 51 0 020 63 0 016 24 4 40 0 08 57 0 018 0 05 81 0 012 94 0 011 28 5 24 522 0 10 54 0 018 0 06 83 0 012 90 0 011 Particulate organic carbon contents were estimated from the signals of Tracer MAT Specific production rate 3 LASMMA
25. YAG Abstract of Research Project Assembling a system for measuring biological activity of micro level particle in heterogeneous system Grant in Aid for Scientific Research B MESSC Japan 1994 1996 New system for measuring the biological activity of micro level particles for example planktonic and bacterial cells and their colony in heterogeneous system was developed This system named LASMMA Laser Semi Microprobe Mass Analysis is composed of YAG laser infra red microscope quartz cell gas purification line and isotope ratio mass spectrometer IRMS This system was specialized for the C tracer experiment on phytoplanktonic photosynthesis Optical system by which laser beam was applied to the sample through object lens of IR microscope was prepared Using TV camera micro spot was identified during laser treatment Cellulose filter of which isotope ratio was known was treated with laser for 30 to 60 minutes After purification and manometric measurement the CO was diluted with standard CO gas of which C content was known The gas was introduced into IRMS to determine the C content Although the value of cellulose by LASMMA was lower than that by standard method it suggested that its precision was enough for tracer experiment LASMMA method was applied in the field experiment The
26. 3 3 CO 2 5 TERURS 0 0 2 25 1000 30 25 10 50 100 500 1000 25 00 23 87 22 58 20 97 8 06 8 06 minimum 0 2 25 20 24 07 22 78 21 17 8 26 7 86 maximum 0 2 24 80 23 67 22 38 20 77 7 86 8 26 min 31 20 3 80 43 80 93 80 493 80 993 80 max 18 80 16 20 56 20 106 20 506 20 1006 20 av 25 00 10 00 50 00 100 00 500 00 1000 00 max min avyX100 49 60 124 00 24 80 12 40 2 48 1 24 BRENNEN PG AO M ECCE Cc 15 4 VC 0 2 03 2 10 5 2 1 10 50 80 200 400 20 80 160 400 750 120 240 600 1200 1200 2400 320 640 1600 3000 88sg8 gt 8 1 200 800 1600 4000 8000 300 1200 2400 6000 12000 500 2000 4000 10000 20000 1000 4000 8000 20000 40000 6
27. 4 GC C IRMS LASMMA Elsenheimer D and Valley J W 1992 In situ oxygen isotope analysis of feldspar and quartz by Nd Yag laser microprobe Chemical Geology Isotope Geoscience Section 101 2
28. kgC MAT252 3C C CO 3C DEiOCHS FRAO CO 27 1 1 08 13 atom 1 4 01 1 0958 atom
29. LASMMA Tracer MAT 2 1995 8 9 ET LI 189 LI COR Co Ltd pH pH HPH 110 1 1 pH m C LE m s 0 0 26 58 648 9 76 0 5 624 1 0 26 60 76 2 9
30. CB ON LINE CURRENTCONT 2 5 0 33 D Power ON 1 TRIG KK 1 TRIG CURRENT CONT 3 4 CURRENT CONT 1 2 A CW 5 W 3 Power OFF CB OFF 1 2 5 1 2 1 0 15 3 15 0 0 min ON O AC Power ON
31. 3 CO 5 3 CO 90 5 CO amp JJ AME CO CO CO W 1 0 6 0 6 mm
32. SOS K4 F 2 1 5 A 20A 34 II 1 W 1 0 6 4 nm CW YAG 1 2 1 YAG LSO 1Y 07 2 ZZ 1 0um AA 3 BHSM IR EH TV 608mm fj ULWD MIRPlan SX NA 0 10 WD 20 0 10X NA 0 25 WD 18 5 20X NA 0 40
33. LASMMA POC Vid Microcystis Ceratium LASMMA autoecological C LASMMA 5 1985 LASMMA
34. 1 31 1 ON 8 0 0V 800V ON 2 5 k V SCR 2 3 YAG 2 1 0 0 9 0
35. 4 3 2 mgC 1 DIC 1 2 7 4 1 097 atom DIC C FES 1 0 2 6 6 1 1 2 3 8 atom 21 Tracer MAT 785 3 3 1 0 8 2 8 2 8 1 9 2 POC time hr 6 C sd atom sd 0 18 53 0 20 1 0909 0 0002 8 18 82 0 32 1 0905 0 0002 28 17 75 0 04 1 0917 0 0000 POC 5 2 8 1 atom
36. 2 4 mm 03MHG007 GR YAG 38 5 YAG FC2 0YG 1 YAG 2 3 8 mm 5 0 um 2 mm ERE 3 8 mm YAG YAG 0 8mm 2mm 4mm ULWD MIRPlan 5X 96LLm 38um 19m 10X 48 19 9 5 20X 24 9 5 4 7 50X 9 6 3 8 2 4
37. 8 2 8 4 0 0 ml LASMMA Tracer MAT 2 5 ml 6 0 C H CO NaOH POC Minagawa etal 1984 CO MAT 2 5 2 DIC SrCO 1 0 CO DIC 3 8 0 mgC 1
38. Miaocystis 4 LASMMA Microcystis time hr 6c sd atom sd 0 15 73 4 88 1 094 0 005 4 938 103 2 132 0 111 8 1970 20 9 3 225 0 022 12 1770 136 3 021 0 144 24 2420 167 3 696 0 174 28 2950 69 5 4 252 0 072 28 natural 1 49 1 110 4 Tracer MAT 8 PCE 1 2 0 2 atom Tracer MAT PC Tracer MAT DIZ LASMMA Microcystis C POC Tracer MAT 2 8 0 0 0 2 atom 6 1 4 9 4 4 LASMMA Tracer MAT POC
39. 3 2 Tracer MAT POC H CO POC Tracer MAT 8 4 2 4 atom 8 3 4 atom 3 1 9 1 2 3 5 atom 2 4 4 1 atom 2 8 4 5 atom 22 3 Tracer MAT POC time hr SBC sd atom sd 0 21 51 2 09 1 0876 0 0023 4 1190 54 4 2 4056 0 0582 8 2180 177 3 4449 0 1852 12 2220 22 6 3 4931 0 0236 24 2810 64 9 4 1005 0 0671 28 3200 64 6 4 5022 0 0663 28 natural 15 38 1 0943 2 8 POC G2 3 3 LASMMA Microcystis LASMMA Tracre MAT
40. Whitey SS43ZF2 5 4 II 99 995 H O CO GL Vent 1 5 0 5mmX1 0 cm 1 5 cm GRA 6 0 0 4 0 0
41. 1 cmX 1 cm 2 mm 1 2 Nupro SS4P4T 2 Nupro SS4P4T 1 2 2 3 8 GEITA 2 mm is lt 2 2 2 YAG YAG LSO 1Y 07 1 0 6 4 nm
42. CO 9 0 5 0 0 5ugC VC CO CO 1 ugc
43. 3 YAG 0 8 ULWD MIRPlan 5X 3 mW 13 mW 10 mW 10X 2 12 20X 2 4 12 50X 2 2 10 s 5 6 CROCI MU 404 MU 404A 5 0 nm
44. lt HE 1 gt lt 2 gt ADE CH SHB BRAZO TRECE DY AICRMD lt A 43 IH 1
45. 20 8 5 0 C 2 1 mg LASMMA Tracer MAT 5 0 0 mm 1 2 8 H OCORRE 5 ml C 9 9 NaHCO 4 1 6mM 8 9 1 0 3 5 27 C 180pE mes L D 14 10 1 6 0 cm 4 8 1 2 2 4 2 8 2 6 2 5 mm 2 5 ml 0 2um 25ml
46. Tracer MAT LASMMA 3 1 Tracer MAT POC Dark POC estimated from the Microcystis 13C natural abundance 3C atom POC mgC 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 hours M3 POC Microcystis colony C LASMMA Tracer MAT POC CO Tracer MAT LASMMA c POC
47. X Y YOMH2YC1GkO 75mm Xi 371 M4 P O 7 II 8 0 4 mm II
48. C 2 5 3 1 mmHg 5 5 Vent
49. 5 2 2 CO 5 2 3 3 3 0 1 f 3
50. S CO a BC 1 LASMMA LAMMA Laser Micro prove Mass Analysis Sharp 1992 Elsenheimer amp Valley 1992 Fallick et al 1992 LASMMA
51. H T FE 2 1 9 dM zo IR HI 3 LASMMA 2 7 4 LASMMA 2 9 1 LASMMA 1 LASMMA Laser Semi Microprobe Mass Analysis 1 d Bm xA fi
52. YAG Kr Y 32 DC K r YAG 1 0 0 V 12A 5 W oe Fo 90 2 YAG 4 1 He Ne He Ne Ox 1 0 0 9 0 He Ne 2 AC 1 0 0 V 1 5 9 min Kr
53. 5 WO He Ne 6 3 3 nm 4 T MU 404A 2 3 BHSM IR
54. CO HA 14 01 1 09 5 8 atom CO 16 0 2 amp 30 10 Ong 6 mm CO 1 7 9 5 25 10 4 01 1 0836 0 0044 atom n 9 4 5 natural LASMMA atom 1 0839 0 0000 1 0836 0 0044 SBC 24 83 0 02 25 10 4 01 n 6 9 6 LASMMA
55. 5 2 3 3 5 1 1 16 NER e 5 2 J 3 L LC DL 3 8 Um HOCO Vent 1 0 mm 38 HS HOOD Trees go o Well bi St BE 2 L 1 45 3 1
56. XY 2 37
57. D 3 4 1 CD B BF 2 2 B I BF D 3 TV 2 TV TV TV
58. 5 0 0 Suge CO 11 3 5 3 3 YAG
59. WD 8 1 50X NA 0 55 WD 6 0 35 XY XY YAG He Ne NN E Hot ecco s H PH SR duo eser Ed 1 36 1 YAG YAG Q Q XY D XY wh
60. C 5 LASMMA 2 4 83 0 0 2 1 0839 X 0 0 0 0 0 atom 8 5 0 2 1 3 0 4 5 CO 1 2ugC CO
61. 1 42 Fallick A E McConville P Boyce A J Burgess R and Kelley S P 1992 Laser microprobe stable isotope measurements on geological materials Some experimental considerations with special reference to 6 S in sulphides Chemical Geology Isotope Geoscience Section 101 53 61 Ichikawa T Yoshioka T Wada E and Hayashi H 1992 Estimation of nitrogen uptake rate of small zooplankton using SN tracer Jpn J Limnol 3 273 280 Sharp Z D 1992 In situ laser microprobe techniques for stable isotope analysis Chemical Geology Isotope Geoscience Section 101 3 19 Wada E Tsuji T Saino T and Hattori A 1977 A simple procedure for mass spectrometric microanalysis of N in particulate organic matter with special reference to 5N tracer experiments Analytical Biochemistry 80 312 318 18 2 FMRE FER 1 C 3C PC
62. 42 EMBER FC 3 0 6 0 hg CO C CO LASMMA Microcystis C Microcystis 1 0 9 atom 2 4 3 5 2 atom LASMMA LASMMA
63. 76 1 5 28 1 2 0 26 50 12 65 2 5 5 91 3 0 24 38 3 79 9 37 3 5 2 28 4 0 20 65 1 43 4 5 0 97 5 0 17 90 0 67 7 21 5 5 17 75 0 53 1 0 0 EK DIC DIC 2 0 0 ml 2 ml 1993 5 mi FIVE Whatman GF F 4 7 mm 40 0 5 0 0 ml 2 5 mm 2 5 ml
64. C uptake activity of Microcystis was estimated in Lake Suwa Colony of this alga was identified under microscope and treated by laser Its C content increased from 1 09 atom at the beginning of the experiment to 3 52 atom after 24 hr incubation The C content changed almost as same as that measured for particulate organic carbon POC by the usual way It was confirmed that LASMMA method could be applicable for field tracer experiment Moreover it was suggested that LASMMA system might not be limited for tracer experiment although the standard deviation measured was larger than usual way and the measurement took much time For future application LASMMA System manual was rounded off Key words Heterogeneous system Tracer experiment YAG laser Carbon stabel isotope Mass spectrometer AW 6 4 30 0 7 FE 1 10 07 8 800TH at 6 2 0 0 1 2 1996 11 16 1 2
65. KAKEM 54036 06554036 8 B 1 RIB 89549 9 3 FR GEM 4 LOOEMESRO ER WRI
66. N LASMMA C LASMMA 2 2 1 KBr
67. m 19um 10X 48 19 9 5 20X 24 9 5 4 7 SOX 9 6 3 8 2 4 12 TOQ8210 5 3 5mW X 1 0 2 3um 1 2 8 4 10 W m Fallick 5 1992 2 2 W m e MOS 10 10 MR RA AD Fallick et al 1992 CO
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