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SSJ User's Guide Package util General basic utilities

1. Saves the current import list on the import stack This method makes a copy of the list re turned by getImports and puts it on top of a stack to be restored later by restoreImports public void restoreImports Restores the list of import declarations This method removes the last list of import decla rations from the stack If the stack contains only one list this list is cleared December 17 2014 ClassFinder 48 public Class lt gt findClass String name throws ClassNotFoundException NameConflictException Tries to find the class corresponding to the simple name name The method first considers the argument as a fully qualified class name and calls forName name If the class cannot be found it considers the argument as a simple name A simple name refers to a class without specifying the package declaring it To convert simple names to qualified names the method iterates through all the strings in the list returned by getImports applying the same rules as a Java compiler to resolve the class name However if an imported package or class does not exist it will be ignored whereas the compiler would stop with an error For the class with simple name name to be loaded it must be imported explicitly single type import or one of the imported packages must contain it type import on demand If the class with name name is imported explicitly this import declaration has precedence over any imported packages If several import decla
2. null System out print String String a d asStringArray for int i 0 i lt a length i System out print ali if d asIntArray null System out print int int a d asIntArray for int i 0 i lt a length i System out print ali if d asFloatArray null System out print float float a d asFloatArray for int i 0 i lt a length i System out print ali if d asDoubleArray null System out print double double a d asDoubleArray for int i 0 i lt a length i System out print a li System out println December 17 2014 56 DataWriter Data writer interface package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public interface DataWriter Writing atomic data public void write String label String s throws IOException Writes an atomic string field Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit integer big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit float big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes an atomic 64 bit double big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null Writing one dimensional arrays
3. Provides static methods to read data from text files package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class TextDataReader public static double readDoubleData Reader input throws IOException Reads an array of double precision values from the reader input For each line of text obtained from the given reader this method trims whitespaces and parses the remaining text as a double precision value This method ignores every character other than the digits the plus and minus signs the period and the letters e and E Moreover lines starting with a pound sign are considered as comments and thus skipped The method returns an array containing all the parsed values public static double readDoubleData URL url throws IOException Connects to the URL referred to by the URL object url and calls readDoubleData to obtain an array of double precision values from the resource public static double readDoubleData File file throws IOException Opens the file referred to by the file object file and calls readDoubleData to obtain an array of double precision values from the file public static double readDoubleData String file throws IOException Opens the file with name file and calls readDoubleData to obtain an array of double precision values from the file public static int readIntData Reader input throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData for reading integers public static int readIntData U
4. Uses the format static method with the same four arguments to append x to the buffer public PrintfFormat append char c Appends a single character to the buffer public void clear Clears the contents of the buffer public StringBuffer getBuffer Returns the StringBuffer associated with that object public String toString Converts the buffer into a String public static String s String str Same as s 0 str If the string str is null it returns the string null public static String s int fieldwidth String str Formats the string str like the s in the C printf function The fieldwidth argument gives the minimum length of the resulting string If str is shorter than fieldwidth it is left padded with spaces If fieldwidth is negative the string is right padded with spaces if necessary The String will never be truncated If str is null it calls s fieldwidth null The fieldwidth argument has the same effect for the other methods in this class December 17 2014 PrintfFormat 12 Integers public static String d long x Same as d 0 1 x public static String d int fieldwidth long x Same as d fieldwidth 1 x public static String d int fieldwidth int precision long x Formats the long integer x into a string like d in the C printf function It converts its argument to decimal notation precision gives the minimum number of digits that must appear if the converted value requires fewe
5. public void write String label String a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label String a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null December 17 2014 DataWriter 57 public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes
6. The only non zero elements of A are on the diagonal and on the first superdiagonal This method is faster than exp A because of the special form of A public static DoubleMatrix1D expBidiagonal final DoubleMatrix2D A final DoubleMatrix1D b Computes c e b where e is the exponential of the bidiagonal square matrix A The only non zero elements of A are on the diagonal and on the first superdiagonal Uses the scaling and squaring method 3 with Pad approximants Returns c public static DoubleMatrix2D expmiBidiagonal final DoubleMatrix2D A Computes e I where e is the exponential of the bidiagonal square matrix A The only non zero elements of A are on the diagonal and on the first superdiagonal Uses the scaling and squaring method 5 8 with Pad approximants Returns e I public static DoubleMatrix1D expmiBidiagonal final DoubleMatrix2D A final DoubleMatrix1D b Computes c e I b where e is the exponential of the bidiagonal square matrix A The only non zero elements of A are on the diagonal and on the first superdiagonal Uses the scaling and squaring method with a Taylor expansion Returns c public static void copy double M double R Copies the matrix M into R public static String toString double M Returns matrix M as a string It is displayed in matrix form with each row on a line public String toString Creates a String containing all the data of the DMatrix The resul
7. The result is always positive and thus always between 0 and m 1 public static void matVecModM double A double s double v double m Computes the result of A x s mod m and puts the result in v Where s and v are both column vectors This method works even if s v public static void matMatModM double A double B double COD double m Computes A x B mod m and puts the result in C Works even if A C B CorA B C public static void matTwoPowModM double A double B double m int e Computes A mod m and puts the result in B Works even if A B public static void matPowModM double A double B double m int c Computes A mod m and puts the result in B Works even if A B Methods using int public static int multModM int a int s int c int m Computes a x s c mod m Works also if s or c are negative The result is always positive and thus always between 0 and m 1 public static void matVecModM int AQ int s int v0 int m Exactly like matVecModM using double but with int instead of double public static void matMatModM int AL int BO D int CO int m Exactly like matMatModM using double but with int instead of double December 17 2014 ArithmeticMod 27 public static void matTwoPowModM int A int BO int m int e Exactly like matTwoPowModM using double but with int instead of double public static void matPowModM int AQ int B int m int
8. an anonymous field if label is null Writing two dimensional arrays public void write String label String a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null Other methods public void close throws IOException Flushes any pending data and closes the output stream December 17 2014 58 AbstractDataWriter This abstract class implements shared functionality for data writers package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public abstract class AbstractDataWriter implements DataWriter Writing one dimensional arrays public void write String label String a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of strings If label is null writes an anonymous field public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian If label is null writes an anonymous field public void wr
9. to zero public ThreadCPUTimeChrono Thread inThread Constructs a ThreadCPUTimeChrono object associated with the given Thread variable and initializes it to zero December 17 2014 21 Chrono The Chrono class extends the AbstractChrono class and computes the CPU time for the current thread only This is the simplest way to use chronos Classes AbstractChrono SystemTimeChrono GlobalCPUTimeChrono and ThreadCPUTimeChrono provide different chronos implementations See these classes to learn more about SSJ chronos if problems appear with class Chrono package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class Chrono extends AbstractChrono Constructor public Chrono Constructs a Chrono object and initializes it to zero Methods public static Chrono createForSingleThread Creates a Chrono instance adapted for a program using a single thread Under Java 1 5 this method returns an instance of ChronoSingleThread which can measure CPU time for one thread Under Java versions prior to 1 5 this returns an instance of this class This method must not be used to create a timer for a multi threaded program because the obtained CPU times will differ depending on the used Java version December 17 2014 22 ChronoSingleThread This class is deprecated but kept for compatibility with older versions of SSJ Chrono should be used instead of ChronoSingleThread The ChronoSingleThread class extends the AbstractChrono class and computes the C
10. 65 Writing one dimensional arrays public void write String label String a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if Label is null public void write String label float a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null Writing two dimensional arrays public void write String label String a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 64 b
11. If this minimal accuracy causes the strings to be formatted using scientific notation this method increases the accuracy until the decimal notation can be used public static void formatWithError Locale locale int fieldwidth int fieldwidtherr int accuracy int precision double x double error String res This method is equivalent to formatWithError except that it formats the given value and error for the locale locale public static void formatWithError Locale locale int fieldwidth int fieldwidtherr int precision double x double error String res This method is equivalent to formatWithError except that it formats the given value and error for the locale locale December 17 2014 15 TableFormat This class provides methods to format arrays and matrices into Strings in different styles This could be useful for printing arrays and subarrays or for putting them in files for further treatment by other softwares such as Mathematica Matlab etc package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class TableFormat Formating styles public static final int PLAIN Plain text matrix printing style public static final int MATHEMATICA Mathematica matrix printing style public static final int MATLAB Matlab matrix printing style Functions to convert arrays to String public static String format int V int n1 int n2 int k int p Formats a String containing the elements n1 to n2 inclusive of table V k elemen
12. a file read by an instance of a class implementing DataReader package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public class DataField Constructors public DataField String label Object data Constructor Creates a field named label of value data public DataField String label Object data int effectiveLength Constructor Creates a field named label of value data effectiveLength is the number of significant elements contained in data if it is an array Information on the field public String getLabel Returns the field label or name public Class getType Returns the type of the field public boolean isAtomic Returns true if the field value is atomic data public boolean isArray Returns true if the field contains an array public boolean isArray2D Returns true if the field contains a two dimensional array public int getArrayLength Returns the length of the array contained by the field or 1 if it is not an array public boolean isString Returns true if the field value is an atomic String public boolean isInt Returns true if the field value is an atomic int public boolean isFloat Returns true if the field value is an atomic float public boolean isDouble Returns true if the field value is an atomic double December 17 2014 DataField 72 Obtaining the value as atomic data public String asString Returns the value as String or null if it is not of type String See isString public i
13. a ia Bl Bee a e 71 December 17 2014 2 Num This class provides a few constants and some methods to compute numerical quantities such as factorials combinations gamma functions and so on package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class Num Constants public static final double DBL_EPSILON 2 2204460492503131e 16 Difference between 1 0 and the smallest double greater than 1 0 public static final int DBL_MAX_EXP 1024 Largest int x such that 277 is representable approximately as a double public static final int DBL_MIN_EXP 1021 Smallest int x such that 27 is representable approximately as a normalised double public static final int DBL_MAX_10_EXP 308 Largest int x such that 10 is representable approximately as a double public static final double DBL_MIN 2 2250738585072014e 308 Smallest normalized positive floating point double public static final double LN_DBL_MIN 708 3964185322641 Natural logarithm of DBL_MIN public static final int DBL_DIG 15 Number of decimal digits of precision in a double public static final double EBASE The constant e 2 7182818284590452354 public static final double EULER The Euler Mascheroni constant 0 57721566490153286 public static final double RAC2 1 41421356237309504880 The value of v2 public static final double IRAC2 0 70710678118654752440 The value of 1 V2 December 17 2014 Num 3 public static final
14. c Exactly like matPowModM using double but with int instead of double Methods using long public static long multModM long a long s long c long m Computes a x s c mod m Works also if s or c are negative The result is always positive and thus always between 0 and m 1 public static void matVecModM long A long s long v long m Exactly like matVecModM using double but with long instead of double public static void matMatModM long A long B long C 1 long m Exactly like matMatModM using double but with long instead of double public static void matTwoPowModM long A long B long m int e Exactly like matTwoPowModM using double but with long instead of double public static void matPowModM long A long B long m int c Exactly like matPowModM using double but with long instead of double December 17 2014 28 Bit Vector This class implements vectors of bits and the operations needed to use them The vectors can be of arbitrary length The operations provided are all the binary operations available to the int and long primitive types in Java All bit operations are present in two forms a normal form and a self form The normal form returns a newly created object containing the result while the self form puts the result in the calling object this The return value of the self form is the calling object itself This is done to allow easier manipulation of the results ma
15. class DoubleArrayComparator implements Comparator lt double gt Constructor public DoubleArrayComparator int i Constructs a comparator where i is the index used for the comparisons Methods public int compare double d1 double d2 Returns 1 0 or 1 depending on whether d1 i is less than equal to or greater than d2 i December 17 2014 DoubleArrayComparator 54 Overview of package util io This package provides tools for exporting data to text and binary files as well as for importing data from files Each of the write methods takes a field label as their first argument This label can always be set to null in which case an anonymous field will be written The write meth ods that take one dimensional array argument can also take an additional integer argument for convenience to specify the number of elements to write in the array For a quick start consult the following examples and the documentation for DataWriter and DataReader as well as the constructors of implementing classes TextDataWriter BinaryDataWriter and BinaryDataReader Example of how to write data to a file public static void writerExample throws IOException String filename test dat DataWriter out new BinaryDataWriter filename out write zero 0 out write zerotxt ZERO out write n new int 1 2 3 4 5 out write pi Math PI out write str new String texti text2 out write real new do
16. determine the smallest value 2 for which t lt t lt t 41 and returns i The value of t is stored in times start i whereas n is defined as end start Ift lt to this returns 1 If t gt t this returns n Otherwise the returned value is greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to n 1 start and end are only used to set lower and upper limits of the search in the times array the index space of the returned value always starts at 0 Note that if the elements of times with indices start end are not sorted in non decreasing order the behavior of this method is undefined public static void interpol int n double X double Y double C Computes the Newton interpolating polynomial Given the n 1 real distinct points Zo yo 21 Y1 Ln Yn with X i z Y i y this function computes the n 1 coefficients Cli c of the Newton interpolating polynomial P x of degree n passing through these points i e such that y P x given by P x co c x z0 c2 x xo x 11 en zo x z1 n 1 3 public static double evalPoly int n double X double C double z Given n X and C as described in interpol n X Y C this function returns the value of the interpolating polynomial P z evaluated at z see eq 3 December 17 2014 public static double evalPoly double C int n double x Evaluates the polynomial P x of degree n with coefficien
17. method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this statement with the query to readIntData which returns an array of integers public static int readIntData Statement stmt String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readIntData stmt SELECT column FROM table public static int readIntData Connection connection String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readIntData connection SELECT column FROM table public static Object readObjectData Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into an array of objects This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and extracts values from the first column of the obtained result set by using the getObject method Each row of the result set then becomes an element of an array of objects which is returned by this method The type of the objects in the array depends on the column type of the result set which depends on the database and query This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid The given statement stmt must not be set up to produce forward only result sets public static Object readObjectData Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the result of th
18. of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of double precision values This method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this statement with the query to readDoubleData2D which returns a 2D array of double precision values public static double readDoubleData2DTable Statement stmt String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readDoubleData2D stmt SELECT FROM table public static double readDoubleData2DTable Connection connection String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readDoubleData2D connection SELECT FROM table public static int readIntData2D Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of integers This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and assumes that the columns of the result set contain integers Each row of the result set then becomes a row of a 2D array of integers which is returned by this method This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid The given statement stmt must not be set up to produce forward only result sets public static int readIntData2D Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of integers Thi
19. public static String g int fieldwidth double x Same as g fieldwidth 6 x public static String g int fieldwidth int precision double x The same as G except that e is used in the scientific notation public static String format int fieldwidth int accuracy int precision double x Returns a String containing x Uses a total of at least fieldwidth positions including the sign and point when they appear accuracy digits after the decimal point and at least precision significant digits accuracy and precision must be strictly smaller than December 17 2014 PrintfFormat 14 fieldwidth The number is rounded if necessary If there is not enough space to format the number in decimal notation with at least precision significant digits accuracy or fieldwidth is too small it will be converted to scientific notation with at least precision significant digits In that case fieldwidth is increased if necessary public static String format Locale locale int fieldwidth int accuracy int precision double x This method is equivalent to format except it formats the given value for the locale locale public static String formatBase int fieldwidth int accuracy int b double x Converts x to a String representation in base b using formatting similar to the f methods Uses a total of at least fieldwidth positions including the sign and point when they appear and accuracy digits after the decimal point If fieldwidth is negati
20. the class ThreadCPUTimeChrono which is programmed directly in Java package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class GlobalCPUTimeChrono extends AbstractChrono Constructor public GlobalCPUTimeChrono Constructs a Chrono object and initializes it to zero December 17 2014 20 ThreadCPU TimeChrono Extends the AbstractChrono class to compute the CPU time for a single thread It is available only under Java 1 5 which provides platform independent facilities to get the CPU time for a single thread through management API Note that this chrono might not work properly on some systems running Linux because of a bug in Sun s implementation or Linux kernel For instance this class unexpectedly computes the global CPU time under Fedora Core 4 kernel 2 6 17 and JRE version 1 5 0 09 With Fedora Core 6 kernel 2 6 20 the function is working properly As a result one should not rely on this bug to get the global CPU time Note that the above bug does not prevent one from using this chrono to compute the CPU time for a single threaded application In that case the global CPU time corresponds to the CPU time of the current thread Running timer fonctions when the associated thread is dead will return 0 package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class ThreadCPUTimeChrono extends AbstractChrono Constructors public ThreadCPUTimeChrono Constructs a ThreadCPUTimeChrono object associated with current thread and initializes it
21. two gamma functions This ratio is evaluated in a numerically stable way Restriction x gt 0 public static double sumKahan double A int n Implementation of the Kahan summation algorithm Sums the first n elements of A and returns the sum This algorithm is more precise than the naive algorithm See en wikipedia org wiki Kahan_summation_algorithm public static double harmonic long n Computes the n th harmonic number Hn 7 1 1 7 December 17 2014 Num 9 public static double harmonic2 long n Computes the sum 1 n 2 lt j lt n 2 l where the symbol means that the term with j 0 is excluded from the sum public static double volumeSphere double p int t Returns the volume V of a sphere of radius 1 in t dimensions using the norm Lp It is given by the formula Pra 1 p T 1 t p where T is the gamma function The case of the sup norm Lo is obtained by choosing p 0 Restrictions p gt 0 and t gt 1 y p gt 0 public static double bernoulliPoly int n double x Evaluates the Bernoulli polynomial B x of degree n at x Only degrees n lt 8 are pro grammed for now The first Bernoulli polynomials of even degree are Bolx 1 Bale a2 2 1 6 Bale a 2r a 1 30 2 Bola 2 32 52 2 27 24 1 42 Bela 28 4a 142 3 74 3 207 3 1 30 public static double evalCheby double a int n double x Evaluates a series of Chebyshev p
22. 7 public double getHours Returns the CPU time in hours used by the program since the last call to init for this AbstractChrono public String format Converts the CPU time used by the program since its last call to init for this Abstract Chrono to a String in the HH MM SS xx format public static String format double time Converts the time time given in seconds to a String in the HH MM SS xx format December 17 2014 18 SystemTimeChrono Extends the AbstractChrono class to compute the total system time using Java s builtin System nanoTime The system can be used as a rough approximation of the CPU time taken by a program if no other tasks are executed on the host while the program is running package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class SystemTimeChrono extends AbstractChrono Constructor public SystemTimeChrono Constructs a new chrono object and initializes it to zero December 17 2014 19 GlobalC PU TimeChrono Extends the AbstractChrono class to compute the global CPU time used by the Java Virtual Machine This includes CPU time taken by any thread including the garbage collector class loader etc Part of this class is implemented in the C language and the implementation is unfortu nately operating system dependent The C functions for the current class have been compiled on a 32 bit machine running Linux For a platform independent CPU timer valid only with Java 1 5 or later one should use
23. FloatArray String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of float s public double readDoubleArray String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of double s Reading two dimensional arrays public String readStringArray2D String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of String s public int readIntArray2D String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of int s public float readFloatArray2D String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of float s public double readDoubleArray2D String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of double s December 17 2014 AbstractDataReader 69 Reading fields of unknown type public Map lt String DataField gt readAllNextFields throws IOException Reads all remaining fields in the file and returns a hashmap indexed by field labels Anony mous fields are mapped to _data01_ _data02_ public Map lt String DataField gt readAllFields throws IOException Reads all fields in the file and returns a hashmap indexed by field labels Anonymous field
24. PU time for the current thread only This is the simplest way to use chronos Classes AbstractChrono SystemTimeChrono GlobalCPUTimeChrono and ThreadCPUTimeChrono provide different chronos implementa tions see these classes to learn more about SSJ chronos package umontreal iro lecuyer util Deprecated public class ChronoSingleThread Constructor public ChronoSingleThread Constructs a ChronoSingleThread object and initializes it to zero December 17 2014 23 Time Unit Represents a time unit for conversion of time durations A time unit instance can be used to get information about the time unit and as a selector to perform conversions Each time unit has a short name used when representing a time unit a full descriptive name and the number of hours corresponding to one unit package umontreal iro lecuyer util public enum TimeUnit enum values NANOSECOND Represents a nanosecond which has short name ns MICROSECOND Represents a microsecond which has short name us MILLISECOND Represents a millisecond which has short name ms SECOND Represents a second which has short name s MINUTE Represents a minute which has short name min HOUR Represents an hour which has short name h DAY Represents a day which has short name d WEEK Represents a week which has short name w December 17 2014 TimeUnit 24 Methods public String getShortName Returns the short name representing th
25. R i Field type symbol indicating int data public final static byte TYPECHAR_FLOAT f Field type symbol indicating float data public final static byte TYPECHAR_DOUBLE d Field type symbol indicating double data Constructors public BinaryDataWriter String filename boolean append throws IOException Data will be output to the file with the specified name public BinaryDataWriter File file boolean append throws IOException Data will be output to the specified file public BinaryDataWriter String filename throws IOException Truncates any existing file with the specified name public BinaryDataWriter File file throws IOException Truncates any existing file with the specified name public BinaryDataWriter OutputStream outputStream throws IOException Constructor Writing atomic data public void write String label String s throws IOException Writes an atomic string field Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit integer big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit float big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes an atomic 64 bit double big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null December 17 2014 BinaryDataWriter
26. RL url throws IOException Connects to the URL referred to by the URL object url and calls readIntData to obtain an array of integers from the resource public static int readIntData File file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData for reading integers public static int readIntData String file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData for reading integers public static String readStringData Reader input throws IOException Reads an array of strings from the reader input For each line of text obtained from the given reader this method trims leading and trailing whitespaces and stores the remaining string Lines starting with a pound sign are considered as comments and thus skipped The method returns an array containing all the read strings December 17 2014 TextDataReader 8 public static String readStringData URL url throws IOException Connects to the URL referred to by the URL object url and calls readStringData to obtain an array of integers from the resource public static String readStringData File file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData for reading strings public static String readStringData String file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData for reading strings public static double readDoubleData2D Reader input throws IOException Uses the reader input to obtain a 2 dimensional array of double precision value
27. SSJ User s Guide Package util General basic utilities Version December 17 2014 This document describes a set of basic utilities used in the Java software developed in the simulation laboratory of the DIRO at the Universit de Montr al Many of these tools were originally implemented in the Modula 2 language and have been translated in C and then in Java with some adaptations along the road December 17 2014 CONTENTS 1 Contents ING e e 6 wee SB ah Da ARERR RARE ae Eee DB aa ea ae eS 2 Re eos eae a es ee ee ee A oe ee A se dct se ee ho ea Rl dS Bae ee Oe Ae He BE ED OA oe A 10 Beebe ed Aen eae eee eee ne eee Oe eee la A 15 ok eos ate A ee ee ee 16 A ee ee ee E 18 A eee eae Brae eo ee 19 A 20 Reo oe ROHS OS Oe Oe Bad Be oO BAY AA 21 ChronoSingleThread vs ep aa we hard ek ee we ee wR Be ee eee 22 ALIADA E E A eee 23 Systeme III 25 A eee Ee ee ek ICAA ee 26 Bit Vector E 28 axones 8 ee 31 DE AA 34 a e re ad ee ea 37 cres ena aaa pa as 38 AT ATEO 39 Misc 205 cheba eh Bede Ak Gee GY ROS a we ad de ads de AB 40 Lada ar 42 ClassFinder A A REE oS OEE eS oS 47 o a od pe oe ee al 49 pe Bot ete a epee ee ee eee ee AN No ee 50 ee ee ee hen eek ee eee ee eee eee eee oe es 52 ed isa ed 53 54 as as as a a a a o E 56 pe A A e A Bk eee ee A 58 Cached Data Writer 2 64 4 coids deal ia ias re LOG 59 A A EIN 61 poro rs e os amp do ES 63 AE 66 A oe ee ee ee ee ee Se eee ee ee 68 E E A A See ek 70 DatabBieldl o o a aoe orar
28. and closes the file or stream December 17 2014 63 Binary DataWriter Binary data writer Stores a sequence of fields in binary file which can be either atoms or arrays each of which having the following format e Field label Pipe character Label length 32 bit integer big endian Label string array of bytes of the specified length Field type byte i 32 bit integer f 32 bit float d 64 bit double S string e Number of dimensions 8 bit integer e Dimensions array of 32 bit integers big endian e Field data in the specified format big endian In the case of an atomic field the number of dimensions is set to zero A string field is stored in the following format e String length 32 bit integer e Array of bytes of the specified length Also supports anonymous fields fields with an empty label Arrays up to two dimensions are supported Modules for reading data exported with this class are available in Java BinaryDataReader Matlab and Python numpy package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public class BinaryDataWriter extends AbstractDataWriter December 17 2014 BinaryDataWriter 64 Fields public final static byte TYPECHAR_LABEL Field type symbol indicating a label it more accurately a field separator symbol public final static byte TYPECHAR_STRING S Field type symbol indicating String data public final static byte TYPECHAR_INTEGE
29. arrivals should be 0 if there is no arrival in this case 0 0 means 0 On the other hand the service level i e the fraction of customers waiting less than a fixed threshold could be fixed to 1 if there is no arrival public void setZeroOverZeroValue double zeroOverZero Sets the value returned by evaluate for the undefined function 0 0 to zeroOverZero See getZeroOverZeroValue for more information December 17 2014 40 Misc This class provides miscellaneous functions that are hard to classify Some may be moved to another class in the future package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class Misc Methods public static double quickSelect double A int n int k Returns the k smallest item of the array A of size n Array A is unchanged by the method Restriction 1 lt k lt n public static int quickSelect int A int n int k Returns the kt smallest item of the array A of size n Array A is unchanged by the method Restriction 1 lt k lt n public static double getMedian double A int n Returns the median of the first n elements of array A public static double getMedian int A int n Returns the median of the first n elements of array A public static int getTimeInterval double times int start int end double t Returns the index of the time interval corresponding to time t Let tg lt lt tn be simulation times stored in a subset of times This method uses binary search to
30. atch Several AbstractChrono objects can run at any given time The method init resets the stopwatch to zero getSeconds getMinutes and getHours return its current reading and format converts this reading to a String The returned value includes the execution time of the method from AbstractChrono Below is an example of how it may be used A stopwatch named timer is constructed and initialized When 2 1 seconds of CPU time have been consumed the stopwatch is read and reset to zero Then after an additional 330 seconds or 5 5 minutes of CPU time the stopwatch is read again and the value is printed to the output in minutes AbstractChrono timer new Chrono suppose 2 1 CPU seconds are used here double t timer getSeconds Here t 2 1 timer init 0 0 t timer getSeconds Here t suppose 830 CPU seconds are used here t timer getMinutes Here t System out println timer format Prints O Il oo Wo package umontreal iro lecuyer util public abstract class AbstractChrono Timing functions public AbstractChrono public void init Initializes this AbstractChrono to zero public double getSeconds Returns the CPU time in seconds used by the program since the last call to init for this AbstractChrono public double getMinutes Returns the CPU time in minutes used by the program since the last call to init for this AbstractChrono December 17 2014 AbstractChrono 1
31. atic Connection connectToDatabase URL url throws IOException SQLException Equivalent to connectToDatabase url openStream public static Connection connectToDatabase File file throws IOException SQLException Equivalent to connectToDatabase new FileInputStream file public static Connection connectToDatabase String fileName throws IOException SQLException Equivalent to connectToDatabase new FileInputStream fileName public static Connection connectToDatabaseFromResource String resource throws IOException SQLException Uses connectToDatabase with the stream obtained from the resource resource This method searches the file resource on the class path opens the first resource found and extracts properties from it It then uses connectToDatabase to establish the connection public static double readDoubleData Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into an array of double precision values This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and assumes that the first column of the result set contains double precision values Each row of the result set then becomes an element of an array of double precision values which is returned by this method This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid public static double readDoubleData Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into an ar
32. beled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of double s December 17 2014 DataReader 67 Reading two dimensional arrays public String readStringArray2D String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of String s public int readIntArray2D String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of int s public float readFloatArray2D String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of float s public double readDoubleArray2D String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a two dimensional array of double s Reading fields of unknown type public Map lt String DataField gt readAllNextFields throws IOException Reads all remaining fields in the file and returns a hashmap indexed by field labels Anony mous fields are mapped to _data01_ _data02_ public Map lt String DataField gt readAllFields throws IOException Reads all fields in the file and returns a hashmap indexed by field labels Anonymous fields are mapped to _data01_ _data02_ public DataField readNextField throws IOException Reads the next available field public DataField readField String label throws IOException Reads the first fie
33. ber 17 2014 REFERENCES 73 References 1 C W Clenshaw Chebychev series for mathematical functions National Physical Laboratory Mathematical Tables 5 Her Majesty s Stationery Office London 1962 2 J Gosling B Joy and G L Steele Jr The Java Language Specification Addison Wesley second edition 2000 Also available from http java sun com docs books 3 N J Higham The scaling and squaring method for the matrix exponential revisited SIAM Review 51 4 747 764 2009 4 D E Knuth The Art of Computer Programming Vol 1 Addison Wesley Reading MA second edition 1973 5 B Skaflestad and W M Wright The scaling and modified squaring method for matrix functions related to the exponential Applied Numerical Mathematics 59 3 4 783 799 2009
34. double LN2 0 69314718055994530941 The values of In 2 public static final double ILN2 1 44269504088896340737 The values of 1 1n 2 public static final double MAXINTDOUBLE 9007199254740992 0 Largest integer ny 2 such that any integer n lt ng is represented exactly as a double public static final double MAXTWOEXP 64 Powers of 2 up to MAXTWOEXP are stored exactly in the array TWOEXP public static final double TWOEXP Contains the precomputed positive powers of 2 One has TWOEXP j 2 for j 0 64 public static final double TEN_NEG_POW Contains the precomputed negative powers of 10 One has TEN_NEG_POW j 1077 for j 0 16 Methods public static int gcd int x int y Returns the greatest common divisor gcd of x and y public static long gcd long x long y Returns the greatest common divisor gcd of x and y public static double combination int n int s Returns the value of the number of different combinations of s objects amongst n public static double lnCombination int n int s Returns the natural logarithm of 2 the number of different combinations of s objects amongst n public static double factorial int n Returns the value of n public static double lnFactorial int n Returns the value of In n the natural logarithm of factorial n Gives 16 decimals of precision relative error lt 0 5 x 10715 public static double lnFactorial long n Retur
35. dth 6 x public static String e int fieldwidth int precision double x The same as E except that e is used as the exponent character instead of E public static String f double x Same as f 0 6 x public static String f int fieldwidth double x Same as f fieldwidth 6 x public static String f int fieldwidth int precision double x Formats the double precision x into a string like 4f in C printf The argument is rounded and converted to decimal notation in the style ddd ddd where the number of digits after the decimal point character is equal to the precision specification If the precision is explicitly 0 no decimal point character appears If a decimal point appears at least one digit appears before it public static String G double x Same as G 0 6 x public static String G int fieldwidth double x Same as G fieldwidth 6 x public static String G int fieldwidth int precision double x Formats the double precision x into a string like G in C printf The argument is converted in style f or ZE precision specifies the number of significant digits If it is 0 it is treated as 1 Style E is used if the exponent from its conversion is less than 4 or greater than or equal to precision Trailing zeros are removed from the fractional part of the result a decimal point appears only if it is followed by at least one digit public static String g double x Same as g 0 6 x
36. e SQL query query into an array of objects This method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this statement with the query to readObjectData which returns an array of integers public static Object readObjectData Statement stmt String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readObjectData stmt SELECT column FROM table public static Object readObjectData Connection connection String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readObjectData connection SELECT column FROM table December 17 2014 JDBCManager 45 public static double readDoubleData2D Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of double precision values This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and assumes that the columns of the result set contain double precision values Each row of the result set then becomes a row of a 2D array of double precision values which is returned by this method This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid The given statement stmt must not be set up to produce forward only result sets public static double readDoubleData2D Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the result
37. ecuyer util public class JDBCManager Methods public static Connection connectToDatabase Properties prop throws SQLException Connects to the database using the properties prop and returns the an object representing the connection The properties stored in prop must be a JNDI name jdbc jndi name or the name of a driver jdbc driver to load and the URI of the database jdbc uri When a JNDI name is given this method constructs a context using the nullary constructor of InitialContext uses the context to get a DataSource object and uses the data source to obtain a connection This method assumes that JNDI is configured correctly see the class InitialContext for more information about configuring JNDI If no JNDI name is specified the method looks for a JOBC URI If a driver class name is specified along with the URI the corresponding driver is loaded and registered with the JDBC DriverManager The driver manager is then used to obtain the connection using the URI This method throws an SQLException if the connection failed and an IllegalArgumentException if the properties do not contain the required values public static Connection connectToDatabase InputStream is throws IOException SQLException Returns a connection to the database using the properties read from stream is This method loads the properties from the given stream and calls connectToDatabase to establish the connection December 17 2014 JDBCManager 43 public st
38. ed to by the URL object url and calls readDoubleData to obtain a matrix of integers from the resource public static int readIntData2D File file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData2D for reading integers public static int readIntData2D String file throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData2D for reading integers December 17 2014 TextDataReader 9 public static String readCSVData Reader input char colDelim char stringDelim throws IOException Reads comma separated values CSV from reader input and returns a 2D array of strings corresponding to the read data Lines are delimited using line separators r n and r n Each line contains one or more values separated by the column delimiter colDelim Ifa string of characters is surrounded with the string delimiter stringDelim any line separator and column separator appear in the string The string delimiter can be inserted in such a string by putting it twice Usually the column delimiter is the comma and the string delimiter is the quotation mark The following example uses these default delimiters One 5 Two Three 1 2 3 String with delimiter n m This produces a matrix of strings with dimensions 3 x 3 The first row contains the strings One Two and Three while the second row contains the strings 1 2 and 3 The first column of the last row contains the string String with delimiter public static String
39. er object containing an empty string public PrintfFormat int length Constructs a new buffer object with an initial capacity of length public PrintfFormat String str Constructs a new buffer object containing the initial string str Methods public PrintfFormat append String str Appends str to the buffer public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth String str Uses the s static method to append str to the buffer A minimum of fieldwidth characters will be used public PrintfFormat append double x Appends x to the buffer December 17 2014 PrintfFormat 11 public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth double x Uses the f static method to append x to the buffer A minimum of fieldwidth characters will be used public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth int precision double x Uses the f static method to append x to the buffer A minimum of fieldwidth characters will be used with the given precision public PrintfFormat append int x Appends x to the buffer public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth int x Uses the d static method to append x to the buffer A minimum of fieldwidth characters will be used public PrintfFormat append long x Appends x to the buffer public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth long x Uses the d static method to append x to the buffer A minimum of fieldwidth characters will be used public PrintfFormat append int fieldwidth int accuracy int precision double x
40. es non public fields as well as public ones This method uses getDeclaredFields to get the declared fields of c It also gets the declared fields of super classes and implemented interfaces Note that since this method uses getDeclaredFields it can throw a SecurityException if a security manager is present public static Method getMethod Class lt gt c String name Class pt throws NoSuchMethodException This is like getMethod except that it can return non public methods public static Field getField Class lt gt c String name throws NoSuchFieldException This is like getField except that it can return non public fields Note that since this method uses getDeclaredField it can throw a SecurityException if a security manager is present public static String getFieldName Object val Returns the field name corresponding to the value of an enumerated type val This method gets the class of val and scans its fields to find a public static and final field containing val If such a field is found its name is returned Otherwise null is returned December 17 2014 Introspection 51 public static lt T gt T value0f Class lt T gt cls String name Returns the field of class cls corresponding to the name name This method looks for a public static and final field with name name and returns its value If no appropriate field can be found an IllegalArgumentException is thrown public static lt T gt T valueOfIgnoreCase Class
41. esult of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of integers This method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this state ment with the query to readObjectData2D which returns a 2D array of integers public static Object readObjectData2DTable Statement stmt String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readObjectData2D stmt SELECT FROM table public static Object readObjectData2DTable Connection connection String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readObjectData2D connection SELECT FROM table December 17 2014 4T ClassFinder Utility class used to convert a simple class name to a fully qualified class object The Class class can be used to obtain information about a class its name its fields methods constructors etc and to construct objects even if the exact class is known at runtime only It provides a forName static method converting a string to a Class but the given string must be a fully qualified name Sometimes configuration files may need to contain Java class names After they are extracted from the file these class names are given to forName to be converted into Class objects Unfortunately only fully qualified class names will be accepted as input which clutters configuration files especially if lo
42. ies the xor operator on this with that Stores the result in this and returns it public BitVector and BitVector that Returns a BitVector which is the result of the and operator with both the this and that BitVector s The and operator is equivalent to the amp operator in Java Only bits which are set to 1 in both this and that are set to 1 in the result all the others are set to 0 public BitVector selfAnd BitVector that Applies the and operator on this with that Stores the result in this and returns it December 17 2014 BitVector 30 public BitVector or BitVector that Returns a BitVector which is the result of the or operator with both the this and that BitVector s The or operator is equivalent to the operator in Java Only bits which are set to 0 in both this and that are set to to 0 in the result all the others are set to 1 public BitVector selfOr BitVector that Applies the or operator on this with that Stores the result in this and returns it public BitVector shift int j Returns a BitVector equal to the original with all the bits shifted j positions to the right if j is positive and shifted j positions to the left if j is negative The new bits that appears to the left or to the right are set to 0 If j is positive this operation is equivalent to the gt gt gt operator in Java otherwise it is equivalent to the lt lt operator public BitVector selfShift int j Shift all the bits of the curre
43. is interface specifies a method evaluate that computes a g x function where x Va_1 R It also specifies a method evaluateGradient for computing its gradient Vg x The dimension d can be fixed or variable When d is fixed the methods specified by this interface always take the same number of arguments This is the case for example with a ratio of two variables When d is variable the implementation can compute the function for a vector x of any length This can happen for a product or sum of variables The methods of this interface take a variable number of arguments to accomodate the common case of fixed dimension with more convenience the programmer can call the method without creating an array For the generic case however one can replace the arguments with an array package umontreal iro lecuyer util public interface MultivariateFunction public int getDimension Returns d the dimension of the function computed by this implementation If the dimension is not fixed this method must return a negative value public double evaluate double x Computes the function g x for the vector x The length of the given array must correspond to the dimension of this function The method must compute and return the result of the function without modifying the elements in x since the array can be reused for further computation public double evaluateGradient int i double x Computes Og x 0x
44. is unit in a string specifying a time duration public String getLongName Returns the long name of this time unit public String toString Calls getLongName public double getHours Returns this time unit represented in hours This returns the number of hours corresponding to one unit public static double convert double value TimeUnit srcUnit TimeUnit dstUnit Converts value expressed in time unit srcUnit to a time duration expressed in dstUnit and returns the result of the conversion December 17 2014 25 Systeme This class provides a few tools related to the system or the computer package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class Systeme Methods public static String getHostName Returns the name of the host computer public static String getProcessInfo Returns information about the running process name id host name date and time December 17 2014 26 ArithmeticMod This class provides facilities to compute multiplications of scalars of vectors and of matrices modulo m All algorithms are present in three different versions These allow operations on double int and long The int and long versions work exactly like the double ones package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class ArithmeticMod Methods using double public static double multModM double a double s double c double m Computes a x s c mod m Where m must be smaller than 2 Works also if s or c are negative
45. it doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null Other methods public void close throws IOException Flushes any pending data and closes the file December 17 2014 66 DataReader Data reader interface package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public interface DataReader Reading atomic data public String readString String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its String value public int readInt String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its int value public float readFloat String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its float value public double readDouble String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its double value Reading one dimensional arrays public String readStringArray String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of String s public int readIntArray String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of int s public float readFloatArray String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of float s public double readDoubleArray String label throws IOException Reads the first field la
46. ite String label float a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian If label is null writes an anonymous field public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes a one dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian If label is null writes an anonymous field December 17 2014 59 CachedDataWriter This abstract class implements shared functionality for data writers that store all fields in memory before outputing them with close package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public abstract class CachedDataWriter extends AbstractDataWriter Constructor public CachedDataWriter Class constructor Writing atomic data public void write String label String s throws IOException Writes an atomic string field Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit integer big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes an atomic 32 bit float big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes an atomic 64 bit double big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null Writing one dimensional arrays public void write String label String a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array
47. king it possible to chain operations package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class BitVector implements Serializable Cloneable Constructors public BitVector int length Creates a new BitVector of length length with all its bits set to 0 public BitVector int vect int length Creates a new BitVector of length length using the data in vect Component vect 0 makes the 32 lowest order bits with vect 1 being the 32 next lowest order bits and so on The normal bit order is then used to fill the 32 bits the first bit is the lowest order bit and the last bit is largest order bit Note that the sign bit is used as the largest order bit public BitVector int vect Creates a new BitVector using the data in vect The length of the BitVector is always equals to 32 times the length of vect public BitVector BitVector that Creates a copy of the BitVector that Methods public Object clone Creates a copy of the BitVector public boolean equals BitVector that Verifies if two BitVector s have the same length and the same data public int size Returns the length of the BitVector December 17 2014 BitVector 29 public void enlarge int size boolean filling Resizes the BitVector so that its length is equal to size If the BitVector is enlarged then the newly added bits are given the value 1 if filling is set to true and O otherwise public void enlarge int size Resizes the BitVector so that it
48. ld labeled as label Other methods public void close throws IOException Closes the input stream public void reset throws IOException Resets the reader to its initial state i e goes back to the beginning of the data stream if possible public boolean dataPending throws IOException Returns true if there remains data to be read December 17 2014 68 Abstract DataReader This abstract class implements shared functionality for data readers package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public abstract class AbstractDataReader implements DataReader Reading atomic data public String readString String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its String value public int readInt String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its int value public float readFloat String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its float value public double readDouble String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its double value Reading one dimensional arrays public String readStringArray String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of String s public int readIntArray String label throws IOException Reads first field labeled as label and returns its value as a one dimensional array of int s public float read
49. le M double A double lambda Computes the principal components decomposition M UAUt by using the singular value decomposition of matrix M Puts the eigenvalues which are the diagonal elements of matrix A sorted by decreasing size in vector lambda and puts matrix A UVA in A public static DoubleMatrix2D PCADecompose DoubleMatrix2D M double lambda Computes the principal components decomposition M UAU by using the singular value decomposition of matrix M Puts the eigenvalues which are the diagonal elements of matrix A sorted by decreasing size in vector lambda Returns matrix A UVA public static double solveLU double A double b Solves the matrix equation Ax b using LU decomposition A is a square matrix b and x are vectors Returns the solution z December 17 2014 DMatrix 35 public static void solveTriangular DoubleMatrix2D U DoubleMatrix2D B DoubleMatrix2D X Solve the triangular matrix equation UX B for X U is a square upper triangular matrix Band X must have the same number of columns public static double exp double A Similar to exp A public static DoubleMatrix2D exp final DoubleMatrix2D A Returns e the exponential of the square matrix A The scaling and squaring method is used with Pad approximants to compute the exponential public static DoubleMatrix2D expBidiagonal final DoubleMatrix2D A Returns e the exponential of the bidiagonal square matrix A
50. lt T gt cls String name Similar to valueOf cls name with case insensitive field name look up If cls defines several fields with the same case insensitive name name an IllegalArgumentException is thrown December 17 2014 52 Transforming List Represents a list that dynamically transforms the elements of another list This abstract class defines a list containing an inner list of elements of a certain type and provides facilities to convert these inner elements to outer elements of another type A concrete subclass simply needs to provide methods for converting between the inner and the outer types package umontreal iro lecuyer util public abstract class TransformingList lt O0E IE gt extends AbstractList lt QE gt public TransformingList List lt IE gt fromList Creates a new transforming list wrapping the inner list fromList public abstract OE convertFromInnerType IE e Converts an element in the inner list to an element of the outer type public abstract IE convertToInnerType OE e Converts an element of the outer type to an element for the inner list December 17 2014 53 DoubleArrayComparator An implementation of java util Comparator which compares two double arrays by comparing their i th element where i is given in the constructor Method compare d1 d2 returns 1 0 or 1 depending on whether d1 i is less than equal to or greater than a2 i package umontreal iro lecuyer util public
51. ltiply BitMatrix that Multiplies two BitMatrix s together The result is A x B where A is the this BitMatrix and B is the that BitMatrix public BitMatrix power long p Raises the BitMatrix to the power p public BitMatrix power2e int e Raises the BitMatrix to power 2 Nested Class public class IncompatibleDimensionException extends RuntimeException Runtime exception raised when the dimensions of the BitMatrix are not appropriate for the operation December 17 2014 34 DMatrix This class implements a few methods for matrix calculations with double numbers package umontreal iro lecuyer util import cern colt matrix public class DMatrix Constructors public DMatrix int r int c Creates a new DMatrix with r rows and c columns public DMatrix double data int r int c Creates a new DMatrix with r rows and c columns using the data in data public DMatrix DMatrix that Copy constructor Methods public static void CholeskyDecompose double M double L Given a symmetric positive definite matrix M performs the Cholesky decomposition of M and returns the result as a lower triangular matrix L such that M LL public static DoubleMatrix2D CholeskyDecompose DoubleMatrix2D M Given a symmetric positive definite matrix M performs the Cholesky decomposition of M and returns the result as a lower triangular matrix L such that M LL public static void PCADecompose doub
52. ne Creates a copy of the BitMatrix public boolean equals BitMatrix that Verifies that this and that are strictly identical They must both have the same dimensions and data public String toString Creates a String containing all the data of the BitMatrix The result is displayed in a matrix form with each row being put on a different line Note that the bit at 0 0 is at the upper left of the matrix while the bit at 0 in a BitVector is the least significant bit public String printData Creates a String containing all the data of the BitMatrix The data is displayed in the same format as are the int in Java code This allows the user to print the representation of December 17 2014 BitMatrix 32 a BitMatrix to be put directly in the source code in the constructor BitMatrix int 1 int int The output is not designed to be human readable public int numRows Returns the number of rows of the BitMatrix public int numColumns Returns the number of columns of the BitMatrix public boolean getBool int row int column Returns the value of the bit in the specified row and column If the value is 1 return true If it is 0 return false public void setBool int row int column boolean value Changes the value of the bit in the specified row and column If value is true changes it to 1 If value is false changes it to 0 public BitMatrix transpose Returns the transposed matrix The rows and c
53. ng package names are used This class permits the definition of a set of import declarations in a way similar to the Java Language Specification 2 It provides methods to convert a simple class name to a Class object and to generate a simple name from a Class object based on the import rules The first step for using a class finder is to construct an instance of this class Then one needs to retrieve the initially empty list of import declarations by using getImports and update it with the actual import declarations Then the method findClass can find a class using the import declarations For example the following code retrieves the class object for the List class in package java util ClassFinder cf new ClassFinder cf getImports add java util Class lt gt listClass cf findClass List package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class ClassFinder implements Cloneable java io Serializable private List lt List lt String gt gt imports Contains the saved import lists Each element of this list is a nested List containing String s each string containing the fully qualified name of an imported package or class public ClassFinder Constructs a new class finder with an empty list of import declarations public List lt String gt getImports Returns the current list of import declarations This list may contain only String s of the form java class name or java package name public void savelmports
54. ns the value of In n the natural logarithm of factorial n Gives 16 decimals of precision relative error lt 0 5 x 107 December 17 2014 Num 4 public static double factoPow int n Returns the value of n n public static double calcMatStirling int m int n Computes and returns the Stirling numbers of the second kind Mid for 0 lt i lt mand0 lt i lt j lt n 1 See 4 Section 1 2 6 The matrix M is the transpose of Knuth s 1973 public static double log2 double x Returns logs x public static double lnGamma double x Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function I x evaluated at x Gives 16 decimals of precision but is implemented only for x gt 0 public static double lnBeta double lam double nu Computes the natural logarithm of the Beta function B A v It is defined in terms of the Gamma function as B A v with lam and nu v public static double digamma double x Returns the value of the logarithmic derivative of the Gamma function y x I x T public static double trigamma double x Returns the value of the trigamma function dy x dx the derivative of the digamma func tion evaluated at x public static double tetragamma double x Returns the value of the tetragamma function d 4 x d x the second derivative of the digamma function evaluated at x public static double gammaRatioHalf double x Returns the value of the ratio r x 1 2 T x of
55. nt BitVector j positions to the right if j is positive and j positions to the left if j is negative The new bits that appears to the left or to the rigth are set to 0 Returns this public boolean scalarProduct BitVector that Returns the scalar product of two BitVector s modulo 2 It returns true if there is an odd number of bits with a value of 1 in the result of the and operator applied on this and that and returns false otherwise December 17 2014 31 Bit Matrix This class implements matrices of bits of arbitrary dimensions Basic facilities for bits operations multiplications and exponentiations are provided package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class BitMatrix implements Serializable Cloneable Constructors public BitMatrix int r int c Creates a new BitMatrix with r rows and c columns filled with 0 s public BitMatrix BitVector rows Creates a new BitMatrix using the data in rows Each of the BitVector will be one of the rows of the BitMatrix public BitMatrix int data int r int c Creates a new BitMatrix with r rows and c columns using the data in data Note that the orders of the bits for the rows are using the same order than for the BitVector This does mean that the first bit is the lowest order bit of the last int in the row and the last bit is the highest order bit of the first int int the row public BitMatrix BitMatrix that Copy constructor Methods public Object clo
56. nt asInt Returns the value as int or 0 if it is not of type int See isInt public float asFloat Returns the value as float or 0 if it is not of type float See isFloat public double asDouble Returns the value as double or 0 if it is not of type double See isDouble Obtaining the value as a one dimensional array public String asStringArray Returns the value as one dimensional String array or null if it is not of type String public int asIntArray Returns the value as one dimensional int array or null if it is not of type int public float asFloatArray Returns the value as one dimensional float array or null if it is not of type float public double asDoubleArray O Returns the value as one dimensional double array or null if it is not of type double Obtaining the value as a two dimensional array public String asStringArray2D Returns the value as two dimensional String array or null if it is not of type String public int asIntArray2D Returns the value as two dimensional int array or null if it is not of type int 01 public float asFloatArray2D Returns the value as two dimensional float array or null if it is not of type float public double asDoubleArray2D Returns the value as two dimensional double array or null if it is not of type double Obtaining the value as an Object public Object asObject Returns the value of the field as an Object Decem
57. of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a int n throws IOException Writes the first n elements of a one dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null December 17 2014 CachedDataWriter 60 Writing two dimensional arrays public void write String label String a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of strings Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label int a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit integers big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label float a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 32 bit floats big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null public void write String label double a throws IOException Writes a two dimensional array of 64 bit doubles big endian Writes an anonymous field if label is null December 17 2014 61 Text DataWriter Text data
58. olumns are interchanged public BitMatrix not Returns the BitMatrix resulting from the application of the not operator on the original BitMatrix The effect is to swap all the bits of the BitMatrix turning all 0 into 1 and all 1 into 0 public BitMatrix and BitMatrix that Returns the BitMatrix resulting from the application of the and operator on the original BitMatrix and that Only bits which were at 1 in both BitMatrix are set at 1 in the result All others are set to 0 public BitMatrix or BitMatrix that Returns the BitMatrix resulting from the application of the or operator on the original BitMatrix and that Only bits which were at 0 in both BitMatrix are set at 0 in the result All others are set to 1 public BitMatrix xor BitMatrix that Returns the BitMatrix resulting from the application of the xor operator on the original BitMatrix and that Only bits which were at 1 in only one of the two BitMatrix are set at 1 in the result All others are set to 0 public BitVector multiply BitVector vect Multiplies the column BitVector by a BitMatrix and returns the result The result is A xv where A is the BitMatrix and v is the BitVector public int multiply int vect Multiplies vect seen as a column BitVector by a BitMatrix See BitVector to see the conversion between int and BitVector The result is A x v where A is the BitMatrix and v is the BitVector December 17 2014 BitMatrix 33 public BitMatrix mu
59. olynomials T at x over the basic interval 1 1 using the method of Clenshaw I i e computes and returns n ao o Ene J public static double evalChebyStar double a int n double x Evaluates a series of shifted Chebyshev polynomials T at x over the basic interval 0 1 using the method of Clenshaw I i e computes and returns n ao Y t gt 7 2 j 1 public static double besselK025 double x Returns the value of K 4 1 where K is the modified Bessel s function of the second kind The relative error on the returned value is less than 0 5 x 1078 for z gt 10 December 17 2014 Num 6 public static double expBesselK1 double x double y Returns the value of e K y where Ky is the modified Bessel function of the second kind of order 1 Restriction y gt 0 public static double erf double x Returns the value of erf x the error function It is defined as 2 E 2 erf x dte Vi Jo public static double erfc double x Returns the value of erfc x the complementary error function It is defined as 2 me 2 erfc 1 dte va public static double erfInv double u Returns the value of erf u the inverse of the error function If u erf x then x erf u public static double erfcInv double u Returns the value of erfc u the inverse of the complementary error function If u erfc x then x erfc u December 17 2014 7 Text DataReader
60. r digits it is padded on the left with zeros When zero is printed with an explicit precision 0 the output is empty public static String format long x Same as d 0 1 x public static String format int fieldwidth long x Converts a long integer to a String with a minimum length of fieldwidth the result is right padded with spaces if necessary but it is not truncated If only one argument is specified a fieldwidth of 0 is assumed public static String formatBase int b long x Same as formatBase 0 b x public static String formatBase int fieldwidth int b long x Converts the integer x to a String representation in base b Restrictions 2 lt b lt 10 Reals public static String E double x Same as E 0 6 x public static String E int fieldwidth double x Same as E fieldwidth 6 x public static String E int fieldwidth int precision double x Formats a double precision number x like E in C printf The double argument is rounded and converted in the style d dddE dd where there is one digit before the decimal point character and the number of digits after it is equal to the precision if the precision is 0 no decimal point character appears The exponent always contains at least two digits if the value is zero the exponent is 00 public static String e double x Same ase 0 6 x December 17 2014 PrintfFormat 13 public static String e int fieldwidth double x Same as e fieldwi
61. ration match the given simple name e g if several fully qualified names with the same simple name are imported or if a class with simple name name exists in several packages a NameConflictException is thrown public String getSimpleName Class lt gt cls Returns the simple name of the class cls that can be used when the imports contained in this class finder are used For example if java lang String class is given to this method String is returned if java lang is among the import declarations Note this method does not try to find name conflicts This operation is performed by findClass only For example if the list of imported declarations contains foo bar and test Foo and the simple name for test Foo is queried the method returns Foo even if the package foo bar contains a Foo class public ClassFinder clone Clones this class finder and copies its lists of import declarations December 17 2014 49 NameConflictException This exception is thrown by a ClassFinder when two or more fully qualified class names can be associated with a simple class name package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class NameConflictException extends Exception Constructors public NameConflictException Constructs a new name conflict exception public NameConflictException String message Constructs a new name conflict exception with message message public NameConflictException ClassFinder finder String name String me
62. ray of double precision values This method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this state ment with the query to readDoubleData which returns an array of double precision values public static double readDoubleData Statement stmt String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readDoubleData stmt SELECT column FROM table public static double readDoubleData Connection connection String table String column throws SQLException Returns the values of the column column of the table table This method is equivalent to readDoubleData connection SELECT column FROM table public static int readIntData Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into an array of integers This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and assumes that the first column of the result December 17 2014 JDBCManager 44 set contains integer values Each row of the result set then becomes an element of an array of integers which is returned by this method This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid The given statement stmt must not be set up to produce forward only result sets public static int readIntData Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into an array of integers This
63. readCSVData URL url char colDelim char stringDelim throws IOException Connects to the URL referred to by the URL object url and calls readCSVData to obtain a matrix of strings from the resource public static String readCSVData File file char colDelim char stringDelim throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData2D for reading strings public static String readCSVData String file char colDelim char stringDelim throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData2D for reading strings December 17 2014 10 PrintfFormat This class acts like a StringBuffer which defines new types of append methods It defines certain functionalities of the ANSI C printf function that also can be accessed through static methods The information given here is strongly inspired from the man page of the C printf function Most methods of this class format numbers for the English US locale only One can use the Java class Formatter for performing locale independent formatting package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class PrintfFormat implements CharSequence Appendable Constants public static final String NEWLINE End of line symbol or line separator It is n for Unix Linux r n for MS DOS MS Windows and r for Apple OSX public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR End of line symbol or line separator Same as NEWLINE Constructors public PrintfFormat Constructs a new buff
64. s For each line of text obtained from the given reader this method trims whitespaces and parses the remaining text as an array of double precision values Every character other than the digits the plus and minus signs the period and the letters e and E are ignored and can be used to separate numbers on a line Moreover lines starting with a pound sign are considered as comments and thus skipped The lines containing only a semicolon sign are considered as empty lines The method returns a 2D array containing all the parsed values The returned array is not always rectangular public static double readDoubleData2D URL url throws IOException Connects to the URL referred to by the URL object url and calls readDoubleData2D to obtain a matrix of double precision values from the resource public static double readDoubleData2D File file throws IOException Opens the file referred to by the file object file and calls readDoubleData2D to obtain a matrix of double precision values from the file public static double readDoubleData2D String file throws IOException Opens the file with name file and calls readDoubleData2D to obtain a matrix of double precision values from the file public static int readIntData2D Reader input throws IOException This is equivalent to readDoubleData2D for reading integers public static int readIntData2D URL url throws IOException Connects to the URL referr
65. s are mapped to _data01_ _data02_ December 17 2014 70 Binary DataReader Binary data reader This class implements a module for importing data written with BinaryDataWriter package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public class BinaryDataReader extends AbstractDataReader Constructors public BinaryDataReader String filename throws IOException Opens the file with the specified name for reading public BinaryDataReader URL url throws IOException Opens the file at the specified url for reading public BinaryDataReader File file throws IOException Opens the specified file for reading public BinaryDataReader InputStream inputStream throws IOException Opens the specified input stream for reading When using this constructor the method readField might will not be able to read a field that is before the current reading position Reading fields of unknown type public DataField readNextField throws IOException Reads the next available field public DataField readField String label throws IOException Reads the first field labeled as label Other methods public void reset throws IOException Reopens the file does not work with the constructor that takes an input stream public boolean dataPending throws IOException Returns true if there remains data to be read public void close throws IOException Closes the file December 17 2014 71 DataField This class represents a data field from
66. s method uses the active connection connection to create a statement and passes this state ment with the query to readIntData2D which returns a 2D array of integers public static int readIntData2DTable Statement stmt String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readIntData2D stmt SELECT FROM table December 17 2014 JDBCManager 46 public static int readIntData2DTable Connection connection String table throws SQLException Returns the values of the columns of the table table This method is equivalent to readIntData2D connection SELECT FROM table public static Object readObjectData2D Statement stmt String query throws SQLException Copies the result of the SQL query query into a rectangular 2D array of objects This method uses the statement stmt to execute the given query and extracts values from the obtained result set by using the getObject method Each row of the result set then becomes a row of a 2D array of objects which is returned by this method The type of the objects in the 2D array depends on the column types of the result set which depend on the database and query This method throws an SQLException if the query is not valid The given statement stmt must not be set up to produce forward only result sets public static Object readObjectData2D Connection connection String query throws SQLException Copies the r
67. s length is equal to size Any new bit added is set to 0 public boolean getBool int pos Gives the value of the bit in position pos If the value is 1 returns true otherwise returns false public void setBool int pos boolean value Sets the value of the bit in position pos If value is equal to true sets it to 1 otherwise sets it to 0 public int getInt int pos Returns an int containing all the bits in the interval pos x 32 pos x 32 31 public String toString Returns a string containing all the bits of the BitVector starting with the highest order bit and finishing with the lowest order bit The bits are grouped by groups of 8 bits for ease of reading public BitVector not Returns a BitVector which is the result of the not operator on the current BitVector The not operator is equivalent to the operator in Java and thus swap all bits bits previously set to 0 become 1 and bits previously set to 1 become 0 public BitVector selfNot Applies the not operator on the current BitVector and returns it public BitVector xor BitVector that Returns a BitVector which is the result of the xor operator applied on this and that The xor operator is equivalent to the operator in Java All bits which were set to 0 in one of the vector and to 1 in the other vector are set to 1 The others are set to 0 This is a equivalent to the addition in modulo 2 arithmetic public BitVector selfXor BitVector that Appl
68. ssage Constructs a new name conflict exception with class finder finder simple name name and message message Methods public ClassFinder getClassFinder Returns the class finder associated with this exception public String getName Returns the simple name associated with this exception December 17 2014 50 Introspection Provides utility methods for introspection using Java Reflection API package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class Introspection public static Method getMethods Class lt gt c Returns all the methods declared and inherited by a class This is similar to getMethods except that it enumerates non public methods as well as public ones This method uses getDeclaredMethods to get the declared methods of c It also gets the declared methods of superclasses If a method is defined in a superclass and overriden in a subclass only the overriden method will be in the returned array Note that since this method uses getDeclaredMethods it can throw a SecurityException if a security manager is present public static boolean sameSignature Method m1 Method m2 Determines if two methods m1 and m2 share the same signature For the signature to be identical methods must have the same number of parameters and the same parameter types public static Field getFields Class lt gt c Returns all the fields declared and inherited by a class This is similar to getFields except that it enumerat
69. t is displayed in matrix form with each row on a line public int numRows Returns the number of rows of the DMatrix December 17 2014 DMatrix 36 public int numColumns Returns the number of columns of the DMatrix public double get int row int column Returns the matrix element in the specified row and column public void set int row int column double value Sets the value of the element in the specified row and column public DMatrix transpose Returns the transposed matrix The rows and columns are interchanged December 17 2014 37 RootFinder This class provides methods to solve non linear equations package umontreal iro lecuyer util import umontreal iro lecuyer functions MathFunction public class RootFinder Methods public static double brentDekker double a double b MathFunction f double tol Computes a root x of the function in f using the Brent Dekker method The interval a b must contain the root x The calculations are done with an approximate relative precision tol Returns x such that f x 0 public static double bisection double a double b MathFunction f double tol Computes a root x of the function in f using the bisection method The interval a b must contain the root x The calculations are done with an approximate relative precision tol Returns x such that f x 0 December 17 2014 38 MultivariateFunction Represents a function of multiple variables Th
70. the derivative of g x with respect to x The length of the given array must correspond to the dimension of this function The method must compute and return the result of the derivative without modifying the elements in x since the array can be reused for further computations e g the gradient Vg x December 17 2014 39 RatioFunction Represents a function computing a ratio of two values package umontreal iro lecuyer util public class RatioFunction implements MultivariateFunction Constructors public RatioFunction Constructs a new ratio function public RatioFunction double zeroOverZero Constructs a new ratio function that returns zeroOverZero for the special case of 0 0 See the getZeroOverZeroValue method for more information The default value of zeroOverZero is Double NaN Methods public double getZeroOverZeroValue Returns the value returned by evaluate in the case where the 0 0 function is calculated The default value for 0 0 is Double NaN Generally 0 0 is undefined and therefore associated with the Double NaN constant meaning not a number However in certain applications it can be defined differently to accomodate some special cases For exemple in a queueing system if there are no arrivals no customers are served lost queued etc As a result many performance measures of interest turn out to be 0 0 Specifically the loss probability i e the ratio of lost customers over the number of
71. ts cj C j at a P x co cu CL H ez Misc 41 December 17 2014 42 JDBCManager This class provides some facilities to connect to a SQL database and to retrieve data stored in it JDBC provides a standardized interface for accessing a database independently of a specific database management system DBMS The user of JDBC must create a Connection object used to send SQL queries to the underlying DBMS but the creation of the connection adds a DBMS specific portion in the application This class helps the developer in moving the DBMS specific information out of the source code by storing it in a properties file The methods in this class can read such a properties file and establish the JDBC connection The connection can be made by using a DataSource obtained through a JNDI server or by a JDBC URI associated with a driver class Therefore the properties used to connect to the database must be a JNDI name jdbc jndi name or a driver to load jdbc driver with the URI of a database jdbc uri jdbc driver com mysql jdbc Driver jdbc uri jdbc mysql mysql iro umontreal ca database user fookpassword bar The connection is established using the connectToDatabase method Shortcut methods are also available to read the properties from a file or a resource before establishing the connection This class also provides shortcut methods to read data from a database and to copy the data into Java arrays package umontreal iro l
72. ts per line p positions per element If k 1 the array index will also appear on the left of each element i e each line i will have the form i V i public static String format double V int n1 int n2 int k int pi int p2 int p3 Similar to the previous method but for an array of double s Gives at least p1 positions per element p2 digits after the decimal point and at least p3 significant digits public static String format double Mat int i1 int 12 int j1 int 32 int w int p int style String Name Formats the submatrix with lines i1 lt lt i2 and columns j1 lt j lt j2 of the matrix Mat using the formatting style style The elements are formated in w positions each with a precision of p digits Name provides an identifier for the submatrix To be treated by Matlab the returned string must be copied to a file with extension m If the file is named poil m for example it can be accessed by calling poil in Matlab For Mathematica if the file is named poil it will be read using lt lt poil public static String format int Mat int i1 int i2 int ji int j2 int w int style String Name Similar to the previous method but for a matrix of int s December 17 2014 16 AbstractChrono AbstractChrono is a class that acts as an interface to the system clock and calculates the CPU or system time consumed by parts of a program Every object of class AbstractChrono acts as an independent stopw
73. uble 2 5 3 7 8 9 out write real2 new float 2 5f 3 7f 8 9f out write null 24 out write null 39 out write null 116 out close Example of how to read data from a file specific fields public static void readerExample1 throws IOException String filename test dat DataReader in new BinaryDataReader filename read double field labeled pi System out println pi double in readField pi asDouble read integer array field labeled n int n in readIntArray n System out print n int for int i 0 i lt n length i System out print n i System out println in close December 17 2014 DoubleArrayComparator 55 Example of how to read data from a file list all fields public static void readerExample2 throws IOException String filename test dat DataReader in new BinaryDataReader filename Map lt String DataField gt fields in readAllFields in close sort keys Set lt String gt allKeys new TreeSet lt String gt fields keySet for String key allKeys System out print key DataField d fields get key if d isString System out print String d asString if d isInt System out print int d asInt if d isFloat System out print float d asFloat if d isDouble System out print double d asDouble if d asStringArray
74. ve the number is printed left justified otherwise right justified Restrictions 2 lt b lt 10 and x lt 26 Intervals public static void formatWithError int fieldwidth int fieldwidtherr int accuracy int precision double x double error String res Stores a string containing x into res 0 and a string containing error into res 1 both strings being formatted with the same notation Uses a total of at least fieldwidth positions including the sign and point when they appear for x fieldwidtherr positions for error accuracy digits after the decimal point and at least precision significant digits accuracy and precision must be strictly smaller than fieldwidth The numbers are rounded if nec essary If there is not enough space to format x in decimal notation with at least precision significant digits accuracy or fieldwidth are too small it will be converted to scientific notation with at least precision significant digits In that case fieldwidth is increased if necessary and the error is also formatted in scientific notation public static void formatWithError int fieldwidth int fieldwidtherr int precision double x double error String res Stores a string containing x into res 0 and a string containing error into res 1 both strings being formatted with the same notation This calls formatWithError with the minimal accuracy for which the formatted string for error is non zero If error is 0 the accuracy is 0
75. writer Writes fields as columns or as rows in a text file package umontreal iro lecuyer util io public class TextDataWriter extends CachedDataWriter Fields public final String DEFAULT_COLUMN_SEPARATOR Default value for the column separator public final String DEFAULT_HEADER_PREFIX Default value for the header prefix Enums public enum Format COLUMNS ROWS Output format organize fields as columns or as rows Constructors public TextDataWriter String filename Format format boolean withHeaders throws IOException Class constructor Truncates any existing file with the specified name public TextDataWriter File file Format format boolean withHeaders throws IOException Class constructor Truncates any conflicting file public TextDataWriter OutputStream outputStream Format format boolean withHeaders throws IOException Class constructor December 17 2014 TextDataWriter 62 Methods public void setFormat Format format Changes the output format public void setFloatFormatString String formatString Sets the format string used to output floating point numbers public void setColumnSeparator String columnSeparator Changes the column separator public void setHeaderPrefix String headerPrefix Changes the header prefix a string that indicates the beginning of the header line for the COLUMNS format public void close throws IOException Flushes any pending data

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