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PICSTART Plus Mechatronics Getting Started User's Guide

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1. 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 9 Getting Started Guide 7 This window instructs the installation to add MPLAB to the Start Menu The default setting is Yes Click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections MPLAB v4 11 Installation Add te Start Menu Do vou want to create shortcuts to access the installed files i es Ho lt Back Cancel 8 You are ready to start the installation process click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections MPLAB v4 11 Installation Ready to Install You are now ready to install the MPLAB 4 11 Press the Next button to begin the installation or the Back button to reenter the installation information Cancel DS00177C page 10 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 9 Several Read Me files will be shown sequentially to give you the latest information about the development tools You may want to read through these prior to clicking OK to proceed They will look like this Installation Completed The MPLAB v4 11 has been successfully installed Press the Finish button to exit this installation 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 11 Getting Started Guide 2 2 Connecting the PICSTART Plus Programmer Turn off your computer Connect the serial cable and PICSTART Plus Development Programmer to an available COM Port on the back of your computer Connect the power supply to the PICSTART Plus and
2. An label usually produced by an assembler or compiler that refers to machine locations by function names variable locations constant declarations source line number or other reference to user source code System Button The System Button is located in the upper left corner of Windows and some dialogs This button usually has Minimize Maximize and Close In some MPLAB windows additional modes or functions can be found under the System Button Target Refers to a user application Target Application Firmware residing on the target board Target Board The circuitry and programmable device that makes up the target application DS00177C page 60 1999 Microchip Technology Inc Target Processor The microcontroller device on the target application board that is being emulated or simulated Template Lines of text that you build for inserting into your files at a later time The MPLAB Editor stores templates in template files Tool Bar A row or column of icons that you can click on to execute MPLAB functions Trace An emulator or simulator function that logs program execution in real time Trigger Output Trigger output refers to an output signal that can be generated at any address or address range and is independent of the trace arm and breakpoint settings Any number of trigger output points can be set The trigger output signal is available on logic probe pin 13 white probe tip Watchdog Tim
3. PICSTART PLUS MECHATRONICS GETTING STARTED GUIDE Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended by way of suggestion only No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with re spect to the accuracy or use of such information Use of Microchip s products as critical components in life support sys tems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip 1999 Microchip Technology Incorporated All rights reserved The Microchip logo name PIC PlCmicro and PICSTART are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries IBM and PC AT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation Windows and MS DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All product company trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective companies 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C PICSTART Plus Mechatronics Getting Started Guide DS00177C 1999 Microchip Technology Inc S MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Table of Contents Chapter 1 Getting Started with the PICSTART Plus Mechatronics 0 APE Re RER 5 le sc MPM PN UU OPM adele cea tesco a 5 Chapter 2 Installing MPLAB v4 11 or Later ccscecsseeeeseeeeneeees 7 21 CD RON Instalati oN Ein aa 7 2 2 Connecting the PICSTART Plus Programmer 0 c c
4. Farmington Hills MI 48334 Tel 248 538 2250 Fax 248 538 2260 Los Angeles Microchip Technology Inc 18201 Von Karman Suite 1090 Irvine CA 92612 Tel 949 263 1888 Fax 949 263 1338 New York Microchip Technology Inc 150 Motor Parkway Suite 202 Hauppauge NY 11788 Tel 631 273 5305 Fax 631 273 5335 San Jose Microchip Technology Inc 2107 North First Street Suite 590 San Jose CA 95131 Tel 408 436 7950 Fax 408 436 7955 DNV Certification Inc USA The Netherlands ANSI RAB AMERICAS continued Toronto Microchip Technology Inc 5925 Airport Road Suite 200 Mississauga Ontario L4V 1W1 Canada Tel 905 405 6279 Fax 905 405 6253 ASIA PACIFIC Hong Kong Microchip Asia Pacific Unit 2101 Tower 2 Metroplaza 223 Hing Fong Road Kwai Fong N T Hong Kong Tel 852 2 401 1200 Fax 852 2 401 3431 Beijing Microchip Technology Beijing Unit 915 6 Chaoyangmen Bei Dajie Dong Erhuan Road Dongcheng District New China Hong Kong Manhattan Building Beijing 100027 PRC Tel 86 10 85282100 Fax 86 10 85282104 India Microchip Technology Inc India Liaison Office No 6 Legacy Convent Road Bangalore 560 025 India Tel 91 80 229 0061 Fax 91 80 229 0062 Japan Microchip Technology Intl Inc Benex S 1 6F 3 18 20 Shinyokohama Kohoku Ku Yokohama shi Kanagawa 222 0033 Japan Tel 81 45 471 6166 Fax 81 45 471 6122 Korea Microchip Technology Korea 168 1 Youngbo Bldg 3 Floor Samsung
5. ziggurat global co za PIC16C5X Introductory Course English Farsoft Computers cc Phone 27 11 8289255 South Africa farsoft surfnet co za 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 51 Getting Started Guide B 1 2 Additional Resources Intermediate Level Programming and Customizing the PIC Microcontroller English Myke Predko McGraw Hill ISBN 0 07 913646 X PIC n Up The Pace English David Benson Square 1 Electronics Phone 707 279 8881 US ISBN 0 9654162 1 6 PIC s in Practice English Francesco Volpe Safinaz Volpe Elektor Electronics ISBN 0 905705 51 3 Les Microcontrolleurs PIC et mise en oeuvre French Christian Tavernier Dunod Fax 33 1 46 347 846 France ISBN 2 10 002647 X Micontrolleurs PIC a structure RISC French C F Urbain Publitronic Fax 33 1 20 486 964 France ISBN 2 86661 058 X Pratique des Microcontroleurs PIC French Francesco Volpe Safinaz Volpe Publitronic Elektor ISBN 2 86661 077 6 Mit dem PIC Controller Erfolgreich Arbeiten German Dr Anne Koenig Manfred Koenig Markt amp Technik Verlag Phone 89 460 030 Germany ISBN 3 8272 5168 0 Mikrokontroller mit RISC Struktur German C F Urbain Elektor Compact ISBN 3 928051 83 0 PIC uC Praxis German Francesco Volpe Safinaz Volpe Elektor Verlag ISBN 3 89576 030 7 La Programmazione dei Microcontrollori PIC Italian Andrea Sbrana Phone 39 544 464070 Italy New Possibilities with the Microchip PI
6. 00 oe Close i STP File No SQTP File Pemgg Used Blank 1 Bead Program 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 43 MPLAB User s Guide 7 The Program Verify window appears showing the status of the programming cycle Start Address Programming End Address 2B t Program Memory t Configuration Bits ID Locations DE Date Calibration Memory Code Protect Setting Valid Addresses OFF G000 03FE On 0000 003F BE a 8 The programming cycle should take a few seconds After completion the Program Verify window will indicate that a successful programming session has been completed Start Address Success End Address Program Memory Configuration Bits e ID Locations EET Data Calibration Memory Code Protect Setting Valid Addresses Off O000 03FE On O000 003F 9 Once the microcontroller has been successfully programmed remove it from the PICSTART Plus Programmer You are now ready to insert the device into the Pong Board The Pong Board schematic is located in Appendix A 2 Notice that the IC socket on the Pong Board also has a notch in it to help you locate Pin 1 When inserting the programmed chip into the socket use care not to damage the pins as you push the chip into place The program you have just completed will cause the Pong Board to respond by lighting the right LED if the right key or both keys are pressed The left LED will light u
7. The highlighted text should be reset movwf OSCCAL as shown in the figure below cng rigides ian List pcos x Sincisde ipizesie lies _COHFIG _EP_OFF amp WPT OFF amp count Egti FENTE ORG B08 mahf HACCA clrf a fa ii CETTE DS00177C page 34 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 11 Take a look at the Special Function Register window register gpio You will notice under the Binary column there are a series of 1 s and 0 s like this 00001000 The first number 0 on the right is GPO The second number 0 from the right is GP1 and so on You will notice GP3 is a number 1 This indicates that your Asynchronous Stimulus button is toggled high If it is low 0 then pressing the button you assigned to this pin will toggle it high 1 after the next instruction is executed SFR Hame Hex Dec Binary Char E tmr 2E s 99191119 pc Aa A 60606060 Status 18 24 6080119600 FSF CH 192 1160600008 a osccal FA 112 8117168008 1 tris oF oa 60111111 Ei J As 6060919600 i option FF 265 11111111 thpre A 1 60600001 k ali Now press the GP3 button to toggle the pin to low Click back on your Source Code window then press F7 Step or Debug gt Run gt Step Take a look at your Special Function Register window GP3 has changed from a 1t0a0 Note To advance the Source Code and Special Function Register window click on your source code window first before pressing F7 Step 1999 Microchip Technology
8. player s score is displayed on the left side of the board and right player s score on the right side The game is to 15 points and the winning score is flashed on the screen The game resets when both players press their buttons simultaneously The Pong game shuts itself off after 30 seconds of inactivity Wake up occurs when either button is pressed 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 47 Getting Started Guide A 2 8 PINPONG BOARD SCHEMATIC GP5 OSC1 CLKIN GP4 0CS2 GP3 MCLR VPP GP2 TOCK1 PIC12C5XX Left Paddle E in S1 100 R1 DS00177C page 48 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Appendix B How to Get Help and Recommended Reading This tutorial is by no means exhaustive Important subjects not covered here include writing relocatable programs to be assembled to object files linking object files device specifications complete instruction definitions applications specific information and much more If you are interested in continuing your familiarization with Microchip s products and development tools there are a number of items available to you for this purpose You will find the literature listed in this section on the Microchip CD ROM and on the web site at www microchip com Hard copies of most literature can be obtained from your local Microchip distributor or representative If you are interested in obtaining pricing delivery samples li
9. plug it in The power light should be illuminated on the PICSTART Plus Turn on the computer 1 Start MPLAB by clicking on the MPLAB icon in the Microchip MPLAB program group The MPLAB IDE is now running and you are ready to create a project 2 Since we will be using the PIC12C509 in our design let s set up the development mode From the pull down menu select Options gt Development Mode Silt Tools Window Help Development hlode Window Setup Default Editor Modes Current Editor Modes Reset Editor Modes Key Mappings Enwironment Setup Ctri F7 Colors Processor Setup Programmer Options k DS00177C page 12 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 3 Select MPLAB SIM Simulator by highlighting the diamond shaped box then click on the drop down arrow and choose PIC12C509 as the processor Then click the Reset button at the bottom of the screen Development Mode E Development Hodes Development Mode Options A Editor Only Se ET Processor PIC12C509 gt MPLAB ICE Emulator gt PICHASTER Emulator gt SIMICE Simulator gt REPI gt MPLAB ICD Debugger 4 Next you will set up the PICSTART Plus programmer From the pull down menu select Ovtions gt ProgrammerOptions gt Select Programmer gt PICSTART Plus 5 Now setup the COM port From the pull down menu select Options gt Programmer Options gt Communications Port Setup Select the COM port you h
10. value to be continuously decremented until it reaches zero The result of the decrement can be placed back into the file register designated by ending the instruction with f as is done here or it can be copied into the W register by putting a w at the end of the instruction instead of Note that if neither nor w is written the assembler defaults to f goto main This instruction causes the program to branch to the location indicated You will notice that in this example program several labels have been placed in the left column such as main Labels make it easier to read a program and DS00177C page 26 1999 Microchip Technology Inc see where it is branching You should note that ONLY labels are placed in the left most column Anything else placed to the left edge will be mistakenly interpreted as a label which could cause errors in your program clrf STATUS clrf GPIO CLeaR F The clrf instruction simply clears or zeros the contents of the designated register Here the STATUS register is being initialized to zero In this case the register GPIO is cleared which has the effect of making all I O pins configured as outputs to output a zero See the PIC12C5XX datasheet DS40139 for details on the STATUS register ber Sic GPIO S Bit Test F Skip if Cleared This instruction tests a bit and skips the next instruction if the bit is zero In this case we are testing bit 3 which corresponds to pin 4 of the
11. 94 k Disk Space Required adrar k Disk Space Remaining 1184553 k Back Cancel 4 The Select Language Components Window enables you to select the Language Components for developing applications in MPLAB For our purposes the default setting of all selected components is desired Click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections MPLAB v4 11 Installation Select Language Components Choose which components to install by checking the bores below M MPASM for Windows oz k M MPASM for DOS Ask M MPASM Header Files Samples and Templates 1781 k M MPLINK MPLIB for windows95 1564 k M MPLINK MPLIE for Windows 3 1 005 2149 k M Processor Linker Scripts BE k Disk Space Required adrar k Disk Space Remaining 1178481 k lt Back Cancel DS00177C page 8 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 5 Next select the destination directory where you want to install the MPLAB IDE files The default setting is C Program Files MPLAB Click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections FAR AL 411 bi ol hee ote DE _c 6 You can instruct the installation to save any files replaced by the installation process Use this option if you want to create backups of the Originals The default setting is No Click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections MP LA 111 roial wie Dre ree s case backup copar of all hiar aa te else Chi pui ee ho cie cd thes mpira ble Cie F He
12. B Program Group in windows Some of these files are actually complete electronic versions of the User s Guides Subjects include MPLAB MPASM MPLAB SIM and PICSTART Plus Device Errata documents are available from the web site under Datasheets In these documents Microchip provides the latest device errata and workarounds The latest version of MPLAB and its components can always be found on the Microchip web site at www microchip com DS00177C page 50 1999 Microchip Technology Inc B 1 1 Additional Resources Beginning Level Easy PIC n English David Benson Square 1 Electronics Phone 707 279 8881 US ISBN 0 9654162 0 8 A Beginners Guide to the Microchip PIC English Nigel Gardner Bluebird Technical Press Ltd Phone 800 718 1997 US 44 1536 201 201 UK ISBN 1 899013 01 6 Stock No O7WX4611 PIC Cookbook Volume 1 English Nigel Gardner Peter Birnie Bluebird Technical Press Ltd Phone 800 718 1997 US 113 2636311 UK ISBN 1 899013 02 4 Stock No 07WX4610 PIC Cookbook Volume 2 English Nigel Gardner Peter Birnie Bluebird Technical Press Ltd Phone 800 718 1997 US 113 2636311 UK ISBN 1 901631 00 1 Stock No 46WX3136 The Greatest Little PIC Book English Gordon Mcnee Bluebird Technical Press Ltd Phone 800 718 1997 US 113 2636311 UK ISBN 1 901631 01 X Getting Started with PIC Microcontrollers English Al Stevens Ziggurat Technologies Phone 27 11 7922187 South Africa
13. C Russian RIGA Phone 371 935 0550 Latvia MicroControladores PIC Spanish Christian Tavernier Paraninfo Phone 446 3350 Spain ISBN 84 283 2373 9 DS00177C page 52 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Appendix C Correcting PICSTART Plus Communications Problems The large majority of the time everything goes well If you are experiencing any problems getting PICSTART Plus to communicate there are a few things you can do 1 The current version of PICSTART Plus does not work under Windows NT NT requires a special hardware driver that is not currently available from Microchip but is planned for a future release 2 Make sure that the programmer has power and that the serial cable is connected correctly 3 Ensure that there are no conflicts with other devices This often happens when you have a modem or other serial device that is improperly config ured If you believe you are experiencing this problem consult your Win dows manual or other reference literature You can try removing reconfiguring or disabling the conflicting device but do so only if you are familiar with these tasks 4 Try connecting the PICSTART Plus to a different serial port If your PC has a 25 pin serial port you will need a 25 to 9 pin serial port adapter 5 On some systems errors occur because of driver and hardware incom patibility Try changing Flow Control to Hardware and or turning off the
14. Co PCA REF Cie pod pE Debug opini Los eek jib el Perales Ft ER PL re GE e DS00177C page 16 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 7 Again select File gt Save As from the pull down menu MPLAR CAMARA IWH AT M ak Pi He ray Bam Li Gus ue M ro Erot iyat Pii Crh Pret Sup Ext airs cpr ni eB inc 8 The Save File As window appears Make sure your are saving this file into your project directory Type in poweri asm as the File Name and click OK CE Gorto les ic sms Er iskt yall 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 17 Getting Started Guide 9 Next you will add the source file to your project Select Project Edit Project from the pull down menu MLA ESP MP Le CHR ea ENT 10 Click on the project filename poweri hex and press the Node Properties bution DS00177C page 18 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 11 The Node Properties window opens Make sure the check boxes are selected as shown below and click OK e NODE should be set to POWER1 HEX e Language Tool should be set to MPASM e Hex Format should be set to INHX8M e Error File and List File should be set to On e Case sensitivity Macro expansion and Default radix can be set to the user s preference For this tutorial configure them as shown Made POWERIHEX of Language Tonk ben J Hew Farm MSN MAS MSIE Form File Hi ln M Lies Fite mn On mi cas ecicre
15. Dong Kangnam Ku Seoul Korea Tel 82 2 554 7200 Fax 82 2 558 5934 Shanghai Microchip Technology RM 406 Shanghai Golden Bridge Bldg 2077 Yan an Road West Hong Qiao District Shanghai PRC 200335 Tel 86 21 6275 5700 Fax 86 21 6275 5060 DNV MSC Accredited by the RvA gt a a a m o em o ISO 9001 QS 9000 REGISTERED FIRM ASIA PACIFIC continued Singapore Microchip Technology Singapore Pte Ltd 200 Middle Road 07 02 Prime Centre Singapore 188980 Tel 65 334 8870 Fax 65 334 8850 Taiwan R O C Microchip Technology Taiwan 10F 1C 207 Tung Hua North Road Taipei Taiwan ROC Tel 886 2 2717 7175 Fax 886 2 2545 0139 EUROPE United Kingdom Arizona Microchip Technology Ltd 505 Eskdale Road Winnersh Triangle Wokingham Berkshire England RG41 5TU Tel 44 118 921 5858 Fax 44 118 921 5835 Denmark Microchip Technology Denmark ApS Regus Business Centre Lautrup hoj 1 3 Ballerup DK 2750 Denmark Tel 45 4420 9895 Fax 45 4420 9910 France Arizona Microchip Technology SARL Parc d Activite du Moulin de Massy 43 Rue du Saule Trapu Batiment A ler Etage 91300 Massy France Tel 33 1 69 53 63 20 Fax 33 1 69 30 90 79 Germany Arizona Microchip Technology GmbH Gustav Heinemann Ring 125 D 81739 Munchen Germany Tel 49 89 627 144 0 Fax 49 89 627 144 44 Italy Arizona Microchip Technology SRL Centro Direzionale Colleoni Palazzo Taurus 1 V Le Colleoni 1 20041 Agra
16. ERE OSC The __ CONF TG directive tells the assembler how you want the configuration word programmed See the PIC12C5XX datasheet DS40139 for details on the configuration word All Microchip PICmicro MCUs have a configuration word where certain features of the part are enabled or disabled there are two underscore characters preceding the word CONFIG all other occurrences are single underscores By ANDing the options you have chosen together with the character you construct the desired configuration word In this case we have chosen to turn code protect off the Watchdog Timer off External Master Clear Pin off and set the oscillator to internal RC end The end statement tells the assembler that it has reached the end of the assembly file All program code is placed before the end statement Count HOU 0x06 The equ directive called equate assigns a value to a label Here we are saying that we would like the number 8 to be used in place of the label count in our program The label count is used as a variable in our example and is located at address 0x08 in data memory Note that count is a label and as such should be placed at the left most column of the page 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 25 Getting Started Guide 4 1 Instruction Definition To help you better understand the program we have defined the instructions used in it below A program flow chart describing the program executio
17. FIFO for the serial port In Windows 95 this is done in the Control Panel Click the System icon Next select the Device Manager tab and select Ports Note this is also where you would look for conflicts If necessary expand the Ports selection by clicking the sign next to it Now double click on the I O port that PICSTART Plus is connected to Select the Port Settings tab This is where flow control can be set to Hardware To turn off the FIFO click the Advanced button Deselect the Use FIFO box and click OK to save 6 If you have a COM port but MPLAB will not let you select it the option is grayed out you may be able to assign the port manually by editing the mplab ini file Typically this occurs if you have an opening in your COM port list i e you have a COM1 COM2 and a COM4 but no COMS In this case you may be able to fix it by opening mplab ini use the Microsoft Windows FIND command to locate this file and editing the section called programmers so that the setting CommPort 1 Is set to the port you want selected This is just a work around to a deeper prob lem in which windows is incorrectly reporting port availability through the 16 bit driver 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 53 Getting Started Guide NOTES DS00177C page 54 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Appendix D Glossary To provide a common frame of reference this Glossary defi
18. GPIO port to see if a switch has been pressed The instruction immediately after the bit test is usually a GOTO that branches to another part of the program sleep The sleep instruction causes the clock oscillator to stop and all program execution to be halted This puts the part into a low power mode Several features can be enabled which will wake the processor from sleep These include a timed wake up period called the WDT or WatchDog Timer a reset caused by a low input on the MCLR pin if MCLRE is enabled and finally a change on a port pin like a key press if wake up on pin change is enabled In this example only wake up on pin change is enabled bcf GPIO 0 bsf GPIO 4 These instructions clear a bit bc or set a bit os Clearing a bit on an output pin causes the output on the pin to go low or OV Setting a bit causes it to go high or to 5V ina 5V system In our example setting a bit turns on an LED connected to the associated pin In this example we are clearing bit 0 and setting bit 4 of the GPIO 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 27 Getting Started Guide 4 2 reset main keytst Itt key rht_key Flowchart of the Program Code movwt GLEE movlw OPTION movlw TRIS decfsz goto CLEE btfsc SLEEP bsf btfsc goto DCE bsf goto got OSCCAL STATUS OxOF 0x08 GP IO count f main GPIO GPIO 3 GPIO 0 GPIO 3 rht_key GPIO 0 GPIO 4 mai
19. Inc DS00177C page 35 Getting Started Guide 12 Next step through your code by pressing F7 Step until you reach keytst In your Special Function Register window check your GP IO register If GP3 is 1 it will step to the next line sleep If GP3 is O it will skip sleep and go to bsf and keep running code Ln 13 Ca 1 H O Wie MS PIC pce E Ee Dee ME 13 Now press the GP3 button GP3 again will change from a low 0 to a high 1 Note To advance the Source Code and Special Function Register win dows click on your source code window first before pressing F7 Step Now advance the code 10 times by pressing F7 Step ten times while viewing the Source Code Notice how the code stops advancing and the highlighted line stays at bsf You are in sleep mode See Sleep Mode and Animate on page 37 for more information Notice in the schematic provided in Appendix A that two different switches are being read by one pin The simulator only simulates the function of one switch here E DS00177C page 36 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 5 2 Sleep Mode Sleep Mode is a power down mode for conserving battery life In this program sleep mode will only happen when GP3 is a 1 or when neither switch is pressed When sleep mode occurs it will stop running code and keep incrementing TOPRE You can press F7 Step indefinitely and there will not be any change except to TOPRE To wake it from sleep you have to toggle G
20. P3 from a high 1 to a low 0 Once you do that the code will return to the reset routine and continue to run code as normal 5 3 Animate Another useful feature of the MPLAB Simulator is Animate It allows the simulator to step through the code automatically without user interaction You can view movement in code changes in registers etc 1 From the pull down menu select Debug gt Run gt Animate The code will start animating or stepping through the code automatically Press F5 Halt to end Animate DAA 1 MON ET inl Ge a EL FT otic haar LM CE Tail Cee Ci Laon Des rer rhag Tep orem Lee Li pes Tim ai Piin Ge Progen Courier Tae Program bemary kiha ores us p a m i j I a ye Areal Cotes npl ian a Pore Cn Aaa Ok hier tipe e ani OO SSCSC CNC s 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 37 Getting Started Guide 5 4 Watch Windows Watch Windows are used to view registers that are declared at the beginning of the program that are not already listed in the Special Function Register window You may have noticed that there is one in the power1 asm code you wrote called count 1 To create a Watch Window for count select Window gt New Watch Window 2 The Add Watch Symbol window will appear Type in or select count and then click on Properties button Delete Close Properties SS DS00177C page 38 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 3 The Prope
21. PP FPP FPP FI err DPF PPP Per FI BEF GPE FFE FEU FI EFF FPP FPP FI Pee PPP PRO FI At Bat ia Hike Be SOS ee ee r EDn ire PP FPE PPE FPE oP Pre PEP FPE FPP FPT FE FIF evr OTT FTE FPT FN CF FE Pre Fi FFE E PIF MF E PP mF E mP mF E mP mF r pP MF Eyr OTT FP ri p PFE MF E REE MF E MIP ME I Ae PrP mP mF m mF rie mi PrE 1 If you are using this tutorial separately from the kit that the Pong board is included in you can create your own using the schematic in Section A 2 2 The 8 pin Pong hex file is also available for download from www microchip com 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 45 Getting Started Guide 2 To change the display mode of the Program Memory window click on its upper left corner at the document icon and select Hex Code Machine Code or Disassembly Display We have selected Disassembly Display here 3 To load the programming file into memory select File gt mport gt Download to Memory as shown below Locate the file 8pinpong hex from the floppy disk provided or on your hard drive if you have copied it over and select OK You should see the program memory window change to reflect the loaded program Ee DE Coteg ee Gate foe ee Cou ki m n t A CHE hiia Taa j Tins ME FFE FFF FPO Ces 4j Shen F FFF FFF FFE FE_FFF FFF FFE sous ENRRHEUNN CERELERLLEE 4 Make sure that the Configuration Word options refer to About the Demonstration P
22. SH Conn liss SET PRO TP LAB E A ESE so HHRBH fet f FE fae jot fn Bulle completed tiucc ssf lly DS00177C page 30 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 4 Next from the pull down menu select Window gt Special Function Registers The Special Function Register window will now open This window allows us to see the GPIO port 5 Select Debug gt Simulator Stimulus gt Asynchronous Stimulus to open the Asynchronous Stimulus window This window enables you to assign a pin to a button AA i ee LIT in CaA PP ST 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 31 Getting Started Guide 6 Move both of the Special Function Registers and Asynchronous Stimu lus Dialog windows to allow you to view these along with your source file MPLAB should look like the figure shown i es ee je ole lu a PRE La ER ON SES ae TEL PAREIL M D le Cie Bior lisie pic ime pis x po OPA EHF IG OF NT EL Sor anm E ELE 48 BERI mae BEE EE amp Le clrt mju EFT 10H fm ini EE derFsg Jaig clire BEPaE qe LACET rl Bey qgele imi Ca E MA Beek tt PENES pe eee Ds Be i 7 Next move the mouse cursor to the Asynchronous Stimulus Dialog window Right mouse click on the Stim 1 P button and select Assign Pin Asynchronous Stimulus Dialog Ei Stim 2 F Stim 3 P Stim 4 F en Stim 6 PJ Stim7 P Stim 8 P w Pulse Stim 10 P Stim 11 P Stiml 2 F Los High T
23. a program folder or document and Windows will open it for you Cancel Browse Click the Browse button To begin the installation program double click on Mp41100 om Pies File Edit wiew Help E Mpiab_411 E Es Sor EE XE Ca MPLAB C17 Demo Picdem h objectis selected 6 59Me Note Future versions of MPLAB will have higher revisions numbers for example Mp50000 and are available from Microchip s web site at www microchip com under Development Tools 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 7 Getting Started Guide 3 The Select Components window enables you to select which components you want to install A checkmark in the box will install the component For this application using the PICSTART Plus programmer select the components as shown in the diagram Click Next to proceed or Back to edit the previous selections Note If you have a PICMASTER emulator or a PRO MATE programmer you will want to select the components for them as well MPLAB v4 11 Installation Select Components Choose which components to install by checking the boxes below M MPLAB IDE Files 2253 k M MPASM MPLINK MPLIEB Files 6985 k M MPLAB SIM Simulator Support Files 4017 k M MPLAB CE Emulator Support Files Arol k M PICMASTER Emulator Support Files 1206 k AOS k MF PICSTART Plus Support Files rak M SIMICE Support Files 496 k I MPLAB CD Debugger Support Files 130k M Help Files 78
24. ak Enabled should be selected MCLR Enable is disabled Pa Do sie ey fa a r Uecker Heke sudo ci VC TALS BIFCHONECETTE Watch Dog Tomer LI taps M rate a Mara Frem qe Prani WOT Dep Foeeet Era FR e EE WGI Pirates Wi DO Simran High an iy i Lot there Maple Dies e i I H gt E Cree Un Mal nie PE hook Dreijer Basak Enable pe ASE Gadde Lorp rites tem Lila MGL Eros Pome uget Eseni Ghiaia A Pieri 4 Cu tn Your project has now been created If at any time you wish to stop working on your project you can close all windows by selecting Project gt Close Project and answer YES to save it The next time you are ready to continue working you can select Project gt Open Project and pick up where you left off 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 21 Getting Started Guide 3 1 Entering Source Code You are now ready to edit the file power1 asm to create the code needed for your application See Chapter 4 for a detailed line by line explanation of the source code 1 Type the following lines of text in the powert asm window Note This code is case sensitive pay special attention to lower and upper case characters In line 3 the text _ CONFIG has 2 underscore characters in it cprogra Tmplabmecha powerti asm list p 12c5 49 Hinclude lt pi2c569 inc gt __ CONFIG CP OFF amp WDT OFF amp MCLRE OFF amp IntRC_OSC count EQU x 88 ORG 6x nt reset mouur OSCCAL c
25. also single step C compiler source code but instead of executing single instructions MPLAB will execute all assembly level instructions generated by the line of the high level C statement Source Source code usually a text file of assembly instructions or C code 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 59 Getting Started Guide Special Function Registers Registers that control I O processor functions I O status timers or other modes or peripherals Stack Push Down list of calling routines Each time a PlCmicro microcontroller executes a Call the software pushes the return address to the stack A RET or RETLW command pops the address from the stack Static RAM or SRAM Static Random Access Memory Program memory you can Read Write on the target board that does not need refreshing frequently Step Into This command is the same as Single Step Step Into as opposed to Step Over follows a CALL instruction into a subroutine Step Over Step Over allows you to debug code without stepping into subroutines When stepping over a CALL instruction the next breakpoint will be set at the instruction after the CALL If for some reason the subroutine gets into an endless loop or does not return properly the next breakpoint will never be reached The Step Over command is similar to Single Step except for its handling of CALL instructions Stopwatch A 48 bit counter for measuring execution cycles Symbol
26. ave connected to the PICSTART programmer Note If you experience any problems with PICSTART Plus communications please see Appendix C Development Mode window Setup Detaut Editor Modes Current Editor Modes Reset Editor Modes Key Mappings Environment Setup Ctril F Colors Processor Setup Programmer Options Select Programmer Communications Port Setup 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 13 Getting Started Guide NOTES DS00177C page 14 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Chapter 3 Your First Project for Version 4 11 or Later To begin the process of developing your application you must first create a project Projects keep track of the windows you have open and the files associated with your design This enables you to pick up where you left off each time you begin working 1 Using Windows Explorer create a project directory for this tutorial called MECHA under the MPLAB directory 2 Select Project gt New Project from the pull down menu 3 A New Project window appears Type power1 pjt as your project name and click OK Select mecha under the MPLAB directory and click OK 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 15 Getting Started Guide 5 Next select File gt New from the pull down menu 6 Anew blank source page will open The default file name will be similar to Untitled1 ALA CPLA deb A dt
27. cee 12 Chapter 3 Your First Project for Version 4 11 or Later 15 S21 EMENN SOURCE COUR ns here 22 3 2 Building the Project Code 23 Chapter 4 About the Demonstration Program 25 AAs MASWUCTIONOSTIMIMON rier a aul ota ni 26 4 2 Flowchart of the Program Code cccceccsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 28 Chapter 5 Demonstrating the Simulator ccecseceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 29 0 1 ASYNCNIONOUS SUMUNUS ssssutescensntnanesdsusmasvncencnsapansteseioesesseaendedens 29 BZ ICCD MORE Rd Satis he dote 37 SS A ND LRO LES ene een ee ao T E 3 SA VV ALC VVINGOW Ss SE UE ae cies spade Hada A 38 SO Break POINIS san sea te tante sos 40 Chapter 6 Programming Your Code into the PIC12C509 41 Appendix A Programming a PIC12C509 MCU with the 8 pin Pong Game 45 Appendix B How to Get Help and Recommended Reading 49 Appendix C Correcting PICSTART Plus Communications Problems 53 Appendix D GIOSSALY sccctsivcseissessasadccecivensstesnewesandav deed odin As 55 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page iii Getting Started Guide DS00177C page iv 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Chapter 1 Getting Started with the PICSTART Plus Mechatronics Kit 1 0 Introduction Microchip strives to give engineers new tools and choices for implementing
28. e PIC12C509 1 You are now ready to program your code into the PIC12C509 microcontroller First make sure you have removed the semicolon in front of the goto main statement and then reassemble your code Otherwise this delay will be commented out and you will not see the LED light correctly Select PICSTART Plus gt Enable Programmer from the pull down menu MPLAB MECHA POWER PIT mite Options Tool Enable Programmer Prt hatin eh ts Read evine Banh Great Gal Blank Grech Gur Dispar Emor Coy Erase Phogrami Menat Erase onnigunation Hte Reset Programmer 2 The PICSTART Plus Device Programmer window appears Make sure that the PIC12C509 is selected If it is not changing the processor may require you to close the project while the programmer resets You can reopen the project after the correct device is selected eienaar o Cashguration its 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 41 MPLAB User s Guide 3 Select Window gt Program Memory Window from the pull down menu to bring the Program Memory Window to the front of your desktop If the window is not open select Program gt Memory Your screen should look like this bik de siman du Ta eric Cae reer hi 4 The Program Memory Window shows the actual opcodes and where they will go in the microcontroller s program code space You can change the display format by clicking on the Document
29. er A timer on a PlCmicro microcontroller that resets the processor after a selectable length of time Watch Variable A variable that you may monitor during a debugging session Watch windows contain a list of watch variables that are updated at each breakpoint 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 61 Getting Started Guide NOTES DS00177C page 62 1999 Microchip Technology Inc NOTES 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 63 MICROCHIP WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE AMERICAS Corporate Office Microchip Technology Inc 2355 West Chandler Blvd Chandler AZ 85224 6199 Tel 480 786 7200 Fax 480 786 7277 Technical Support 480 786 7627 Web Address http www microchip com Atlanta Microchip Technology Inc 500 Sugar Mill Road Suite 200B Atlanta GA 30350 Tel 770 640 0034 Fax 770 640 0307 Boston Microchip Technology Inc 5 Mount Royal Avenue Marlborough MA 01752 Tel 508 480 9990 Fax 508 480 8575 Chicago Microchip Technology Inc 333 Pierce Road Suite 180 Itasca IL 60143 Tel 630 285 0071 Fax 630 285 0075 Dallas Microchip Technology Inc 4570 Westgrove Drive Suite 160 Addison TX 75248 Tel 972 818 7423 Fax 972 818 2924 Dayton Microchip Technology Inc Two Prestige Place Suite 150 Miamisburg OH 45342 Tel 937 291 1654 Fax 937 291 9175 Detroit Microchip Technology Inc Tri Atria Office Building 32255 Northwestern Highway Suite 190
30. er application DS00177C page 58 1999 Microchip Technology Inc Probe A device specific interface between the simulator and the target application The probe connects to the emulator via a ribbon cable and the target application board connects to the probe via a ribbon cable The probe is sometimes called the header board Program Counter A register that specifies the current execution address Program Memory Memory in the emulator containing the downloaded target application firmware Project A set of source files to build the object code for an application Prototype System A term referring to a user s target application or target board Radix The number base hex or decimal used in selecting an address and for entering data in the Window gt Modify command Run The command that releases the emulator from halt allowing it to run the application code and change or respond to I O in real time SFR Special Function Registers Simulator A software program that models the operation of the PICmicro microprocessor Simulator Stimulus Data generated to exercise the response of simulation to external signals Often the data is put into the form of a list of actions in a text file Single Step This command steps though code one instruction at a time After each instruction MPLAB updates register windows watch variables and status displays so you can analyze and debug instruction execution You can
31. goto main statement which allows skipping the delay loop We are going to step through the code manually for demonstration purposes and do not wish to waste time stepping through 256 cycles of delay loop Note After this demonstration remove the semicolon and reassemble the file or the proper delay will not occur for a programmed part epee Pepe eae ser list TESI Sinclude pire lac CEST IG EF OFF E SCD Or E ALE WT EE Tat BEC maar Epii Ou i man TEGL PERI LEENI MLCI CFE STATE mule er GFTITH mail le HE TELE eit dechsr aumt l clre hk ear nulerp bit bk aa ato breil brit pet im jkeygeat BOAT jrbt kep geto Enr LE En ie PTH I EUR eo PF rat keg a M mai a male 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 29 Getting Started Guide 2 Next from the pull down menu select Project gt Build All Nota Lepage Food 2c progr iip ect rc pl 3 If everything has been performed correctly a Build Results window will appear indicating Build Completed Successfully Click close to continue The close button is the X box in the upper right hand corner of the window Note Ifthe Build Results window indicates errors recheck your typing of the source code in the source file or double click on the error and the cursor will be placed inside the source file near the location of the error ERTEN T Buliding PEAMHI NEX Foppiling POWER A
32. icates errors recheck your source code in the source file CTP eee Ba Lbalieg PUA FET Camgiiiag FUME AiR Command Line C ATI HPLEDHPASHIRLEEE sol fes Jle fx jub jrs jm Bwiti completed sucer yali 3 Click OK to continue 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 23 Getting Started Guide NOTES DS00177C page 24 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Chapter 4 About the Demonstration Program The program was designed to work with the Pong Board The schematic is located in Appendix A 2 There are two LEDs and two switches Pressing a switch left or right lights the corresponding left or right LED To better understand the source code program and how it works below is a line by line evaluation of the program The first three lines of the program list include and __ config and the last line end are directives That is they are instructions to the assembler about how to create this program but do not actually translate to program instructions list p 12c509 This tells the assembler that this program is for the processor PIC12C509 include lt p1i2c509 inc gt The include directive tells the assembler to bring in another file at this point The file named p12c509 inc is provided by Microchip to simplify the naming and assigning of special function registers flag bits and configuration word bits CONE LG CP OFE 36 WDT OFF V o MOLRE OFF wo In
33. icon in the upper left hand corner of the program memory window and selecting Hex Code Machine Code or Disassembly Display EE Ges Ez BEE mI CE mii Le Bi ree E EHIE EEEE HA TELE emam LS PEEEEEECEER FE oa I DS00177C page 42 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 5 You are now ready to program the PIC12C509 microcontroller At this time you should familiarize yourself with the correct orientation of the PIC12C509 part with respect to Pin 1 and the Zero Insertion Force ZIF socket on the PICSTART Plus Programmer The chip has a notch at one end designating pin one Once you have determined the correct orientation of the microcontroller move the ZIF lever on the PICSTART Plus until the contacts open fully The chip should be placed into the programmer ZIF socket at the top with the notch oriented up Carefully place the PIC12C509 part into the programming socket of the PICSTART Plus Programmer Once the part is seated move the lever to the closed position This will firmly clamp the microcontroller pins and allow the part to be programmed _ SSSE ee PICSTART Plus Be sure pin 1 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMER on the chip is oriented to POWER pin 1 of the ACTIVE socket Insert 8 pin PIC12C509 chip at the top of ZIF socket 6 To program the part click on the Program button at the bottom of the PICSTART Plus Device Programmer window YUL Min S00 o0 __Heset YDD Max 50 E o0 YPP 13
34. lrf STATUS moulu x BF OPTION moulu x 06 TRIS GPIO main decfsz count f goto main clrf GPIO keytst btfsc GPIO 3 1ft key bef GP10 6 bsf GP10 4 goto main rht_key goto main aj 2 After entering the source code select Project gt Save Project from the pull down menu to save your project PLAG PRA AL ee CHR eee EN eles Pastel iara Fes Pros een Pro Cire CE Prope BC Prop CFE Make Fined Fic Enaki Al CPi if Budd Hoc aac intel Langues Ta ci Lepraa adc greed pl DS00177C page 22 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 3 2 Building the Project Code 1 You are now ready to build the project This will produce the hex file that will be used to program the PIC12C509 microcontroller part A hex file is created from the source file you have written and has the same name as the source file except for the file extension which ends in hex The hex file contains the program as it would be written to the PlCmicro MCU in a numeric format Select Project gt Build All from the pull down menu LAR CoP RHA MP LAB CHAP Paper eu pe Cee Piest CHF ems Pc Gat teat a Bates Facgeri Fi Eaki iris ja inthe Language Tred Epi E y 2 If everything has been performed correctly a Build Results window appears indicating Build Completed Successfully Click close to continue The close button is the X box in the upper right had corner of the window Note If the Build Results window ind
35. m memory configurations of the PIC1 7CXXX family of microcontrollers In microcontroller mode only internal execution is allowed Thus only the on chip program memory is available in microcontroller mode Accessible memory includes program memory fuses test memory and boot memory FEOOh to FFFFh Microprocessor Mode One of the possible program memory configurations of the PIC1 7CXXX family of microcontrollers In microprocessor mode the on chip program memory is not used The entire 64K program memory is mapped externally Inaccessible memory in microprocessor mode includes fuses test memory and boot memory MPLAB Software The name of the main executable program that supports the IDE with an Editor Project Manager and Emulator Simulator Debugger The MPLAB software resides on the PC host The executable file name is MPLAB EXE MPLAB EXE calls many other files MRU Most Recently Used Refers to files and windows available to be selected from MPLAB main pull down menus 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 57 Getting Started Guide Object Code The machine code that is produced from the source code after it is processed by an assembler or compiler This code will be the memory resident code that will run on the PICmicro MCU in the user s application Off Chip Memory Off chip memory refers to the memory selection option for the PIC17CXXX device where memory may reside on the target board or where all p
36. n main Copy Factory Calibration Value to Internal Clock Oscillator and Initialize Status Enable Wake up On Pin Change and Internal P ull ups Make All Input Output 1 0 Pins Output Except GP103 an input Delay for 256 Loops with 8 bit Count Down from Zero Around to Zero Again Set All Outputs to Zero and Thus Turn Off All LEDs Go into low power SLEEP mode Wake up on button press and reset to START GPIO3 0 Is a Switch Pressed Set Left Switch 1 Left LED is On Right Switch 0 Note that setting the left switch to 1 also lights the left LED temporarily Input 0 or 1 Left Right Pressed Note that if the right LED is lit the left LED is now turned off It will not have been on long enough to be visible This is an example of how one pin can serve two functions if the part is fast enough Right Switch Pressed Light Right LED Turn Off Left LED Left Switch Pressed Left LED Stays On DS00177C page 28 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Chapter 5 Demonstrating the Simulator 9 1 Asynchronous Stimulus The simulator is designed to step through your code to view registers stimulate pins etc for debugging code Asynchronous Stimulus controls the pin state to either be a high 1 or low 0 1 To demonstrate this you must first modify your code Add a semicolon to line 17 as shown The semicolon comments out the
37. n is located on page 28 A more thorough explanation of these instructions and the many features of this part can be found in the PIC12C5XX datasheet DS40139 Note Many PlCmicro instructions can access two registers at the same time One register is W the working register the other register is the data address of your choice movwf GPIO MOVe W to F Copies the value currently stored in the W register to the register selected in this example the GPIO General Purpose Input Output register movlw OxOF MOVe Literal to W Moves a value into W In this case the hexadecimal value F iS copied OPTION Copies the current value of W into the OPTION register For instance wake up on port change and weak pullups are enabled in the option register for this part Port pullups cause the inputs to default to one if no other input is present on the pin TRIS GPIO Copies the current value in W to the direction register or TRIS register of the port signified In this case the port GPIO is being configured A 1 configures a pin to an input for reading values in and a 0 configures a pin as an output for writing values out decfsz count f DECrement F Skip if Zero The decfsz instruction decrements the value in the register designated in this case count If the result is zero the instruction immediately following this instruction is skipped usually a goto instruction which branches back up and causes the
38. nce Fike On B on ami ny leased ro sal D TPE ET Fra Case athalr n on Warm map NI FL Fa E in M Deini radix M HEX DEC OCT Tak Etre Uri Development dec PURE SIN 105 Charge Language Toal Suite ursache 4 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 19 Getting Started Guide 13 Select your source file or type powert asm as the File Name and then click OK Lei dies ed pie Dita Suen Pikar x acm c dekl vail 14 You should now see that both nodes are shown in the Project window as shown below Click the OK button to save your changes Edit Project Project Target Filename ox Cancel Include Path Library Path __ Hep Linker Script Path Development Mode MPLAB SIM 12C509 Change Project Files dd Node Lopy Node Delete Node Build Hode Node Properties a DS00177C page 20 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 15 Now we will set up the Hardware configurations From the pull down menu select Options gt Processor Setup gt Hardware Development Mode Window Setup Default Editor Modes Current Editor Modes Reset Editor Modes Key Mappings Environment Setup Ctrl F Colors Processor Setup Hardware Programmer Options Clock Frequency 16 The Processor Setup window opens make sure to select options shown below e Select Oscillator Internal RC e WatchDog Timer should be none e Stack Overflow Bre
39. nes the terms that follow Application A set of software and hardware developed by the user usually designed to be a product controlled by a PICmicro microcontroller MCU Assembler Source Code A text file that is processed by an assembler to produce a one to one correspondence between assembler instructions and PICmicro machine code Asynchronous Stimulus Data generated in real time by the user to simulate external inputs to the simulator Breakpoint An address where real time execution of the firmware loaded in program memory will halt Build A function that recompiles all the source files for an application C Code A program written in the high level language called C and which will be converted into PlCmicro machine code Caution An alert that is provided to warn you of a situation that would cause physical damage to a device software file or equipment Compile To translate a user s C source text code into machine code Configuration Bits Unique bits programmed to set modes of operation A configuration bit may or may not be preprogrammed Data RAM General purpose file registers from RAM on the PlCmicro device being emulated The File Register window displays data RAM Dynamic Data Exchange DDE 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 55 Getting Started Guide The message protocol in Microsoft Windows that transfers information in real time between windows application
40. oggle i Eee nae E e E DS00177C page 32 1999 Microchip Technology Inc 8 The Pin Section window will appear double left lick on GP3 You have just assigned a pin to the button Pin Selection oP Stim 3 FP Stim 4 F Double click to select P Stim 7 P Stim amp F P Stim 11 P Stim12 P U E z dec Bk On Sim i User 9 Now we want to assign an action to the botton Move the mouse cursor over to the Asynchronous Stimulus Dialog window Right mouse click on the GP3 P button and select Toggle x Asynchronous Stimulus Dialog stim 2 P Stim 3 P Stim 4 P Assign Pin beim 6 P Stim 7 P Stim 8 P po Stim 11 FP Stiml 2 F ee CRE UE High CT pce 40408 Z dec Bk On Sim User 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 33 Getting Started Guide 10 Next we will start stepping through your code If you feel you need to start over at any time press the F6 Reset key on your keyboard Press F6 Reset now or by Debug gt Run gt Reset OUR IRC LCR p Condor Debe poaline Seek ee apd Fz aon F3 Ces aiina Cee Pros dns Cher ran Frans Care Shida Breen iS Crh hers You will notice the Special Function Register window has changed The W register is highlighted in red indicating that the register has just been written to Also in your source file a line is highlighted indicating that this is your next instruction to be operated
41. p if the left button is pressed Otherwise the board will go into a lower power SLEEP mode to conserve battery life DS00177C page 44 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Appendix A Programming a PIC12C509 MCU with the 8 pin Pong Game You have successfully completed this tutorial and would now like to do more with the Pong board provided A programming file called 8pinpong hex has been provided on the floppy disk accompanying this tutorial With this file you can program another PIC12C509 put it in the board and play the Pong game It is assumed that you have successfully completed the tutorial provided We will therefore provide an abbreviated explanation on how to program the part for the Pong game 1 Close the open project if you have not already done so No project is necessary for programming a part when the hex file is already provided Enable the PICSTART Plus programmer and select the PIC12C509 Open the Program Memory window Window gt Program Memory Your screen should look like this LIPS EVEREST Si ies ORRA el L Re EESE Prr PPP PPP FPE PrE PIF MIP Oe EE PPP FPE PPF PPF FPE PIF MP F Orr FT FFT FP rir i FEE FEE ERE FRE FPS FEE FEE FRE FRE HIE EPP FEF FPP FPE Fre E FPPP FFF PPP FPP PP F F F PF FFF PrF FRE PIE PPr Prr PrF FPE PEE FPE FPT P FFE FPE FFE FH FFF FEE FRE FR FEE FRE FRE FPE FEE FRE FPE Fre FEE FRY PRY Fr P
42. rogram section for more details shown in the PICSTART Plus window under Device Specifications are set as shown Oscillator PTE te ha Master Clear Internal 5 Click the Program button If the programming process was successful you can now place the programmed part into the Pong Board and you are ready to play DS00177C page 46 1999 Microchip Technology Inc A 1 HOW TO PLAY THE 8 PIN PONG GAME 8 pin Pong is a one dimensional version of the original video game played on the 8 LEDs across the top of the board Each player takes a button at each end of the board The object is to press the button when the ball is at the end of the board Pressing the button when the ball is at the end returns the ball to the other player Swing too early or too late and the ball is missed Winner serves one point per play the first player to reach 15 points wins The game begins with one of the right most LED flashing awaiting the serve The ball is served when the corresponding button is pressed The ball then moves down the board to the other end The other player must hit the ball when it gets to the last LED in order to return the ball Play continues until a player misses the ball A miss occurs when the ball is not in the last LED When the ball is hit just right the ball takes off with a high speed return and the game shifts into high gear The score is displayed in binary format between plays for a second or two The left
43. rogram memory may be supplied by the Emulator Ootions gt Processor Setup gt Hardware provides the Off Chip Memory selection dialog box Pass Counter A counter that decrements each time an event such as the execution of an instruction at a particular address occurs When the pass count value reaches zero MPLAB halts the processor You can assign the Pass Counter to either break logic or to trace logic PC Any IBM or compatible Personal Computer MPLAB needs a 386 or better machine PC Host The computer running Windows 3 x PC Interface Card A Microchip proprietary parallel interface card allowing the MPLAB software residing on the PC to communicate with the PICMASTER emulator PICMASTER The hardware unit that provides tools for emulating and debugging firmware applications and is also referred to as the Emulator and PICMASTER This unit contains Emulation memory breakpoint logic counters timers and a trace analyzer among some of its tools PiCmicro PICmicro refers to the PIC12CXXX PIC16CXXX and PIC17CXXX Microchip microcontroller families Pod The external emulator box that contains emulation memory trace memory event and cycle timers and trace breakpoint logic Occasionally used as an abbreviated name for the PICMASTER Universal In Circuit Emulator Power on Reset Emulation A software randomization process that writes random values in data RAM areas to simulate uninitialized values in RAM upon initial pow
44. rough code Hex Code A file of executable instructions assembled or compiled from source code into standard hex format code Hex code can be directly converted to object code DS00177C page 56 1999 Microchip Technology Inc High Level Language A language for writing programs that is of a higher level of abstraction from the processor than assembler code High level languages employ a compiler to translate statements into machine instructions that the target processor can execute IDE Integrated Development Environment An application that has multiple functions for software development The MPLAB IDE integrates a compiler an assembler a project manager an editor a debugger simulator and an assortment of other tools within one Windows 3 1 application A user developing an application should be able to write code compile debug and test an application without leaving the MPLAB desktop Import Bring data into the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment IDE from an outside source Logic Probes Up to fourteen logic probes connect to the Emulator The logic probes provide external trace inputs external trace halt signal trigger output signal external break input signal trace buffer clock 5V and a common ground Make Project A command that rebuilds an application re compiling only those source files that have changed since the last complete compilation Microcontroller Mode One of the possible progra
45. rties window will appear Select Binary under Format then click OK Hestallocinal AGO bi Tihi Mbi It h Bete Orie e ble Loe H upis bes hed het bd 3 bit ib his in ba 4 5 Your watch window should look like the figure below Now stepping through your code using F7 Step will allow you to view that particular register without guessing what value is in it 1 Watch_4 Sil Address symbol Value a3 count B 11001100 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 39 Getting Started Guide 5 5 Break Points Break points allows the program to stop in Run or Animate mode at a specified location in your source code for debugging 1 To demonstrate move your mouse cursor over to OPTION line 12 in the source code Right mouse click and select Break Point s Break Point s Trace Point s Trigger Point s Run to Here 2 Next press F6 Reset and then press F9 Run The code will run and stop at line 12 where option is Now you can view your registers at that moment of the program 39 66 Other important areas not covered here include Trace Arm Counter Stimulus from a File and Environment Setup These items are explained in the MPLAB Users Guide the MPLAB Help Files or you can go to the web site www microchip com DS00177C page 40 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP MPLAB USER S GUIDE Chapter 6 Programming Your Code into th
46. s MPLAB acts as a DDE client that can transmit data to requesting applications but cannot receive data from other applications EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Emulation The process of executing software loaded in the PICMASTER program memory on the emulator probe as if the firmware resided on the microcontroller device under development Emulation Memory Program memory contained within the emulator Emulator Hardware that performs emulation See Emulation Emulator System The Microchip Emulator System includes the PICMASTER Pod the PC Interface Card a Probe Kit PRO MATE Device Programmer Demonstration Board Socket Module and the MPLAB Software Export Send data out of MPLAB in a standardized format Extended Microcontroller Mode PIC17CXXX Devices Only In extended microcontroller mode on chip program memory as well as external memory is available Execution automatically switches to external if the program memory address is greater than the internal memory space of the PIC17CXXX device Inaccessible memory in extended microcontroller mode includes fuses test memory and boot memory External RAM Off chip Read Write memory File Registers On chip general purpose and special function registers Halt The command that stops the emulator Executing Halt is the same as stopping at a breakpoint The program counter stops and the user can inspect and change register values and single step th
47. state of the art control designs Our minimal footprint microcontrollers are a case in point There is a great deal of smarts packed into a tiny space in our 8 bit microcontrollers As your designs grow in complexity the code you write later can be easily transitioned to larger Microchip microcontrollers with more peripheral resources In order to help you get acquainted with the benefits gained by incorporating a microcontroller into your design we will guide you through the steps in setting up your system writing a short program and programming your first PlCmicro MCU To get started you need to install Microchip s MPLAB Integrated Development Environment IDE PICSTART Plus Mechatronics Kit and MPLAB IDE which is supplied on CD ROM 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 5 Getting Started Guide NOTES DS00177C page 6 1999 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP GETTING STARTED GUIDE Chapter 2 Installing MPLAB v4 11 or Later 2 1 CD ROM installation 1 Insert the MPLAB CD ROM into your CD ROM drive If running Windows 95 with autoplay turned on MPLAB should begin loading If running Windows95 with autoplay turned off click the START button in the lower left hand corner of your computer screen If running Windows 3 1x select File from the tool bar 2 Select Run from the menu to bring up the dialog box Enter the drive letter for your CD ROM i e e Click OK Type the name of
48. te Brianza Milan Italy Tel 39 039 65791 1 Fax 39 039 6899883 11 15 99 Microchip received QS 9000 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe Arizona in July 1999 The Company s quality system processes and procedures are QS 9000 compliant for its PlCmicro 8 bit MCUs KEELOQ code hopping devices Serial EEPROMs and microperipheral products In addition Microchip s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001 certified All rights reserved 1999 Microchip Technology Incorporated Printed in the USA 11 99 y Printed on recycled paper Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended for suggestion only and may be superseded by updates No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise Use of Microchip s products as critical components in life support systems Is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any intellectual property rights The Microchip logo and name are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc in the U S A and other countries All rights reserved All other
49. terature or any other information please contact the distributor or factory representative nearest you A complete listing of these sales offices can be found on the CD ROM the web site and in the back of any Microchip product literature 1999 Microchip Technology Inc DS00177C page 49 Getting Started Guide B 1 OTHER USEFUL LITERATURE FROM MICROCHIP Datasheets for all Microchip PICmicro products are available The datasheets include device specifications description of device operation instruction definitions product ordering guides and more Product datasheets can be found on the CD ROM and the web site The Embedded Control Handbook Volume DS00092 and I DS00167 These books contain a complete collection of the Application Notes provided by Microchip to help you design your product There are many introductory as well as advanced topics covered Program examples are provided These application notes can also be found on the CD ROM and the web site The Mid Range PiCmicro MCU Reference Manual DS33023 A guide to using the Microchip Mid Range family and its peripherals This is an extensive how to guide and a must have for anyone developing for the PIC16CXXX MCU family MPLAB Tutorial MPLAB IDE Simulator and Editor User s Guide DS51025 MPASM User s Guide with MPLINK and MPLIB DS33014 PICSTART Plus User s Guide DS51028 There are extensive Help files installed with MPLAB and found in the MPLA
50. trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective companies 1999 Microchip Technology Inc

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