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New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database

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1. North Share Marketing Board Madawaska Marketing Board INHW TOHW 300 gt 00 j E um 200 200 FT SU S et ETT 100 f 100 d d Da ng 1 E 1 u 20 40 60 30 100 120 140 20 4D 60 gg 100 120 140 stand age years Figure 12 Contd Contd 347 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database A y 200 160 E n Merchantable volume m ha 5 20 40 60 80 100 120 14D 20 40 400 S E N B Marketing Board INHW 300 i y X 200 P yer 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Stand age years Figure 12 Contd 38 400 400 Carleton Victoria Marketing Board Northumberland Markating Board TOHW BFIH 300 300 ge uy 200 E s 200 v a a 100 100 Fa DU a or I 1 L i 1 20 AQ 60 50 100 120 140 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 400 p 400 soie RB Y 5 C Marketing Board S N B Marketing Board SPBF INH 300 300 100 7 p og E 60 60 100 120 140 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 13 Mean periodic volume increment calculated from permanent sample plots Crown license or by forest unit for ten Crown licenses and seven small freehold marketing board areas in New Brunswick Number of plots per forest unit and landbase is shown in parentheses Meas Mean periodic volume increment by forest unit and landbase m ha yr marketing board period SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW 1 Upsalquitch 1 2 0 01 14
2. 65 1 Fundy 1 2 2 4 46 0 8 1 05 3 4 7 6 1 8 6 4 3 3 2 3 2 7 28 0 6 1 7 2 3 4 3 3 11 1 1 0 7 2 22 2 3 4 5 9 23 1 0 A 16 0 1 0 7 1 York 1 2 4 5 25 58 2 93 6 84 4 2 9 15 1 0 6 2 3 2 3 13 13 1 09 5 41 4 1 5 4 2 0 5 3 4 5 8 15 15 1 55 6 7 9 4 3 7 4 3 8 5 Carleton 1 2 4 5 28 2 8 10 3 4 8 6 4 5 4 7 13 2 3 2 9 16 14 7 22 5 m 4 7 B mE 3 5 6 3 4 6 2 20 24 4 3 5 3 10 2 4 3 3 3 Restigouche 1 2 5 3 33 6 8 68 3 4 2 43 5 40 3 11 2 24 2 Tobique 2 3 5 3 29 7 5 55 5 7 3 9 5 1 41 2 8 6 2 3 4 3 7 4 4 6 12 19 1 1 16 0 1 North Shore 1 2 2 5 10 1 7 7 51 3 11 2 1 8 4 20 1 19 9 32 8 2 3 44 5 23 4 15 2 1 2 1 2 6 2 m 24 2 51 1 Madawaska 1 2 2 1 1 13 1 3 9 1 0 1 1 53 11 25 9 2 3 3 1 07 1 6 1 2 3 3 13 0 9 5 3 4 1 0 1 m Sim ES 27 1 Carleton Victoria 1 2 1 5 47 ae 22 4 3 7 2 45 2 45 1 3 1 21 72 5 2 3 0 4 5 0 6 2 16 6 1 3 4 11 2 5 3 3 4 2 0 3 u u 18 1 20 2 60 3 Northumberland 1 2 3 6 25 60 1 33 4 32 5 24 3 24 5 45 2 41 6 2 3 2 6 21 28 3 27 2 22 2 10 3 1 7 1 47 3 3 4 17 8 1 1 1 29 2 0 7 2 41 New Brunswick Permane
3. 61 80 81 100 No damage Insect budworm etc Disease fungus rust galls etc Mechanical snow ice frost damage Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc Poor planting technique J root balled roots Poor microsite Herbicide Other Unknown Low Medium High New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description Code Code Description depth Wound depth blank No wound present 1 Deep penetrating the xylem 2 Shallow penetrating the cambium 3 Shallow with decay Dev Stage Stage of development of the plot blank No data R Regen Y Young l Immature M Mature Oo Overmature C Cut dim Wound dimension blank No wound present 1 0 5 of the total height or circumference 2 6 15 of the total height or circumference 3 16 30 of the toal height or circumference 4 31 50 of the total height or circumference 5 gt 50 of the total height or circumference Drainage Soil moisture 1 Dominantly rapidly drained with significant well drained 2 Dominantly well drained with significant rapidly or moderately well drained 3 Dominantly moderately well drained with significant well or imperfectly drained 4 Dominantly imperfectly drained with significant moderately well or poorly drained 5 Dominantly poorly drained with significant imperfectly or very poorly drained 6 Dominantly very poorly drained with significant poorly drained and organic soils p Organic soils Eco District Breakdown of an Eco Region 1 Kedgwick
4. Mixedwood Moist Rich Hardwood Dry Rich Hardwood Dry Moderately Rich Hardwood Dry Poor Softwood Dry Moderately Poor Softwood Moist Moderately Poor Softwood Wet Moderately Poor Softwood Wet Rich Softwood Moist Rich IH Mixedwood Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Dry Rich IH Mixedwood Very Dry Very Poor gt Poor Softwood Dry Poor Softwood Dry gt Moist Moderately Poor Softwood Wet Very Poor Softwood Very Wet Poor Softwood Moist gt Wet Moderately Poor Softwood Moist Very Rich Cedar Softwood Moist Very Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Very Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Dry Rich Hardwood Very Dry Rich Hardwood Very Dry Poor Softwood Very Dry Moderately Poor Softwood Dry gt Moist Moderately Poor IH Mixedwood Wet Moderately Poor Softwood Wet Rich Cedar Softwood Moist Rich Softwood Dry Moderately Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Rich Softwood Dry Rich TH Mixedwood Moist Very Rich TH Mixedwood Dry gt Moist Rich Hardwood Very Dry Moderately Rich Hardwood Very Dry Very Poor Pine Softwood Dry Poor Softwood Code SE 3 SE 4 SE5 SE 6 SE 7 SE 8 SE 9 SE 10 SE 11 Field Name Description type Wound type New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Code Description Moist Very Poor Pine Softwood Very Wet Poor Softwood Wet Poor Softwood Dry Moderately Poor Softwood Moist
5. 1 68 5 3 62 5 2 22 5 3 4 0 39 23 2 68 1 0 41 9 4 54 4 0 18 4 0 41 5 9 Carleton 1 2 0 04 35 1 61 11 0 56 8 1 60 6 1 00 21 2 3 2 48 23 4 06 10 3 16 7 1 10 6 0 82 8 3 4 2 17 23 2 13 7 3 15 6 4 15 5 1 04 3 10 Restigouche 1 2 0 72 38 1 09 72 2 17 3 1 74 8 3 07 4 3 39 8 3 33 3 Tobique 2 3 1 22 34 2 00 61 1 13 3 3 86 6 3 25 3 3 35 7 3 68 2 3 4 1 96 7 1 68 16 4 69 2 16 14 1 0 87 3 33 North Shore 1 2 2 59 13 3 31 8 0 39 3 4 21 2 3 66 4 3 30 1 2 00 10 2 77 8 2 3 0 55 5 3 01 4 3 58 2 2 13 1 1 16 2 2 82 2 023 1 3 4 PS SN 34 Madawaska 1 2 3 28 1 8 29 1 5 39 1 5 52 1 5 85 3 8 17 1 0 38 15 3 68 11 2 3 494 1 8 48 1 0 37 1 5 51 1 2 74 3 0 86 15 5 29 6 3 4 403 1 sies a a 2 65 2 3 61 1 35 Carleton Victoria 1 2 6 96 8 3 28 5 4 51 3 3 30 2 2 04 1 1 22 23 0 50 5 2 3 7 39 8 5 84 3 ee 10 13 1 0 49 15 6 41 4 3 4 3 35 3 5 19 1 1 58 2 0 37 3 36 Northumberland 1 2 0 04 27 0 73 2 0 38 4 3 00 6 4 82 4 1 66 5 1 17 2 1 91 6 2 3 1 85 23 5 08 1 2 80 4 3 81 3 5 06 4 4 36 5 2 74 1 1 90 4 3 4 2 53 14 5 01 1 0 88 2 8 51 1 5 53 3 2 15 1 28 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 13 Continued Crown license or Meas Mean periodic volume increment by forest unit and l
6. 4 201 3 235 1 252 1 201 6 4 154 15 E pee B 471 1 4 Upper Miramichi 1 156 31 178 17 190 2 180 3 165 1 195 5 159 2 2 160 30 173 17 183 1 185 3 162 1 205 5 155 2 3 172 22 171 16 176 1 175 3 mus se 124 1 4 45 1 E ar m 5 Kent 1 147 22 104 4 57 2 186 3 155 16 2 145 21 4120 4 pum 78 2 187 3 160 15 3 136 18 4182 4 gt 94 2 150 1 159 12 4 128 13 mt ES e 156 8 6 Queens Charlotte 1 153 42 142 6 176 7 174 5 63 1 161 7 105 5 2 154 41 148 6 182 7 185 5 79 1 178 7 118 5 3 152 36 150 6 193 6 185 4 88 1 219 3 116 3 4 137 22 165 5 195 5 234 2 199 1 149 1 7 Fundy 1 152 62 188 1 208 3 167 7 223 1 152 9 122 4 2 156 60 209 1 231 3 161 7 242 1 167 9 130 3 3 160 49 235 1 218 3 174 4 211 1 194 5 169 1 4 154 30 165 1 491 1 178 1 8 York 1 238 28 173 2 229 12 189 5 ne 175 19 149 8 2 239 28 166 2 227 12 184 5 ps 187 18 167 8 3 244 28 177 2 243 10 189 5 ne 209 5 169 5 4 243 28 191 1 239 9 174 4 ae 205 4 168 5 9 Carleton 1 197 35 221 11 237 8 210 6 162 22 2 200 35 228 11 238 8 205 6 166 21 3 207 23 241 10 255 7 208 6 174 8 4 197 22 253 7 264 6 199 5
7. Mechanical snow ice frost damage Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc Poor planting technique J root balled roots Poor microsite Herbicide Other Unknown KE Kedgwick RE Restigouche UP Upsalquitch BB Big Bald SE Sevogle CT Cains Tracadie NT Napadogan Tobique HH Harvey Harcourt FU Fundy Acadia Barrieau Buctouche Big Bald Mountain Becaguimec Britt Brook Caribou Cornhill Carleton Catamaran Erb Settlement Fair Isle Glassville Grand Falls Gagetown Holmesville Harcourt Interval Irving Jacket River Juniper Kedgwick Kingston Kennebecasis Long Lake Lomond Mining Debris McGee Muniac Mafic Volcanic Organic Soil Popple Depot Pinder Parry Parleeville Tobique Reece Rogersville Riverbank Salisbury Stony Brook Siegas Sunbury Serpentine Saltsprings Tracadie Thibault Tracy Tetagouche Tuadook Undine New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description Code Code Description VI Victoria species Tree species 001 Black spruce 002 White spruce 003 Red spruce 005 Balsam fir 006 White pine 007 Jack pine 008 Red pine 009 Eastern white cedar 010 Eastern hemlock 011 Tamarack 012 Red maple 013 Sugar maple 014 Yellow birch 015 Beech 016 Ironwood 017 Red oak 018 White ash 019 White birch 020 Trembling aspen 021 Large tooth aspen 022 Alder 023 Mountain maple 024 Striped maple 025 American mountain ash 034 Serviceberry 035 Hazel 043 Willow 13
8. the Canadian Forest Service Land scape Management Network and the Canada Green Plan The following programmers contrib uted significantly to the development of this sys tem Jeff Kerr Jason Doyle Mike Reeves Michael Metcalfe Kyla Barry and Alastair Holmes We wish to thank the following memebers of the N B for estry community who acted as our beta testers and or report reviewers Craig Frame Vince Zelazny Liz Rainer Luc Gagnon David Young Walter Emrich Roland Gagnon Joe Pelham Tim Fox Thom Erdle Ed Hurley John Kershaw Steve Spears Gord Whitmore and lan Prior 8 References Dunlap J A 1998 1987 Permanent sampling pro gram annual report New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources and Energy Timber Man agement Branch Fredericton N B 27 p Dunlap J A 1989 A Cooperative N B Permanent Sample Plot Program New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources and Energy Timber Man agement Branch Fredericton N B Doc 0223J 26 p Upshall J R B 1990 1989 Permanent sampling program annual report New Brunswick Depart 43 ment of Natural Resources and Energy Timber Management Branch Fredericton N B 28 p Wang E Erdle T Litchfield M and Brackley A 1986 A proposal for a growth and yield program in New Brunswick N B Forest Research Advisory Committee Fredericton N B 17 p For more information on Microsoft Access refer to the printed user documentation accompanying the pr
9. 0 80 36 3 87 2 1 14 1 1 04 4 2 35 3 1 61 13 1 06 12 2 3 1 92 10 1 52 30 8 58 1 0 60 3 0 98 3 0 95 9 1 77 7 3 4 6 39 8 1 70 29 0 96 1 5 47 2 2 91 1 1 92 5 0 77 1 2 Nepisiguit 1 2 1 72 21 0 48 26 2 94 1 4 07 4 2 87 1 1 67 9 2 25 6 2 3 1 28 21 2 42 24 3 89 1 0 47 4 1 03 1 1 10 9 2 23 6 3 4 0 13 6 2 07 13 1 07 3 2 14 1 1 13 8 0 41 4 3 Lower Miramichi 1 2 0 75 50 3 19 4 3 76 4 1 40 1 3 27 2 150 7 2 3 141 46 4 51 4 424 3 5 87 1 3 22 1 265 6 3 4 1 79 15 m un u m 2 42 1 4 Upper Miramichi 1 2 0 37 30 1 58 17 0 24 1 1 90 3 0 97 1 2 10 5 1 24 2 2 3 0 39 23 1 14 16 2 20 1 1 38 3 8 15 1 3 4 10 54 1 a 5 Kent 1 2 184 21 3 01 4 447 2 0 31 3 1 58 15 2 3 0 71 17 3 23 4 8 94 2 3 32 1 3 23 11 3 4 0 55 13 e e i 121 8 6 Queens Charlotte 1 2 0 11 40 1 81 6 0 83 7 2 69 5 3 08 1 3 08 7 2 07 5 2 3 0 49 36 1 12 6 1 06 6 1 99 4 3 05 1 2 42 3 2 00 2 3 4 102 23 1 02 5 2 02 5 0 17 2 aa 2 45 1 3 61 1 7 Fundy 1 2 1 13 59 7 09 1 4 38 8 0 23 7 6 39 1 3 23 9 0 31 3 2 3 1 07 49 5 31 1 0 47 3 0 13 4 7 67 1 3 38 5 1 76 2 3 4 1 24 30 3 01 1 1045 1 4 60 1 8 York 1 2 0 07 28 2 51 2 0 89 12 1 75 5 2 25 18 4 17 8 2 3 3 43 23 3 58 2 5 02 10
10. 188 3 10 Restigouche 1 212 89 215 73 187 8 206 8 191 4 164 9 193 3 Tobique 2 210 38 213 73 196 3 212 8 205 4 171 8 208 3 3 205 34 207 62 192 8 214 6 215 3 181 7 169 2 4 210 7 235 16 228 2 123 1 221 3 33 North Shore 1 152 17 138 10 194 4 132 2 176 4 91 1 149 12 137 9 2 170 13 153 8 210 8 150 2 192 4 109 1 167 10 150 8 3 189 5 174 4 260 2 177 1 172 2 423 2 258 1 4 Sais ease Es p Ii pe oes icm 34 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 12 Continued Crown license or Mean volume by forest unit and landbase m ha marketing board Meas SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW 34 Madawaska 1 180 2 162 2 198 1 212 1 185 3 172 2 145 16 145 13 2 246 1 175 1 214 1 228 1 210 3 252 1 147 15 156 11 3 260 1 200 1 215 1 245 1 218 3 150 15 205 6 4 268 1 ses 153 2 182 1 35 Carleton Victoria 1 172 10 104 1 140 5 161 3 195 2 138 1 140 27 175 7 2 196 8 182 5 181 3 205 2 144 1 136 23 184 5 3 218 8 165 3 be 114 1 133 15 206 4 4 198 14 Zu 125 1 107 2 189 3 36 Northumberland 1 124 29 123 2 143 6 117 6 109 4 105 5 127 2 109 6 2 129 27 122 2 117 4 130 6 134 4 111 5 124 2 123 6 3 133 23 175 1 127 4 143 3 154 4 125 5 113 1 140 4 4 148
11. DBH 03 cm 57 CR 104 10 4 5 us 0 bF rs wS 0 100 200 300 Merch Volume m ha Species ES Distribution chart Cause of Death Distribution by Species Windthrow Suppression m 1 i i Ows Stem breakage H H H Cause of 7 E i ES Death Overmature i H Eor sectdamage 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Stems ha Broken Top Figure 3 Examples of charts available in PSPDB Chart groups to E refer to the groups listed in Table 10 20 4 3 Available Reports Table 11 lists the 21 tabular reports in PSPDB arranged in four groups and indicates which re ports are available for each type of plot Group A includes reports showing volume increment and defoliation on a per plot basis Reports A1 and A2 in Figure 4 show examples from this group Each report contains a description of the query language SQL string that defines the tables fields and value ranges specified by the user with the query builder Group B depicts the volume survivor growth mortality volume increment piece Table 11 presented in Figure 4 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database size density diameter and basal area stratified by year per plot Report B4 in Figure 4 presents Volume by Year per Plot as an example Group C contains a single report Current Defo liation by Species and is depicted as report C1 in Figure 4 Nine reports similar to those in group B but stratifi
12. NBDNRE main tains responsibility for the validation process and users of the system can get updates to the data base as the annual data acquisition provides ad ditional plot assessments and tree measurements PSPDB uses Microsoft Access to display a graphical user interface GUI and to provide the functionality necessary for managers to display and use PSP data The system currently supports Access versions 7 and 8 PSPDB allows users to analyze data by querying the database and displaying results in pre defined charts and tabular reports Examples of calcula tions include mean annual volume increment pe riodic mortality and survivor growth total merchantable volume piece size stand density diameter distribution basal area and defoliation distribution These summaries may be totals or may be grouped by plot year or tree species By learning some of the advanced capabilities of Ac cess users can also design their own charts and reports The objectives of this report are 1 to present an overview of the NB Cooperative PSP program and the database structure 2 to describe the func tionality of PSPDB along with installation instruc tions and a tutorial and 3 to present some calcu lated outputs from the PSPDB including volume periodic annual increment and periodic mortality by geographic area Crown license and private woodlot marketing board area and by species class Database Latapase New Brunswick Per
13. River based on slope terrain 2 Nepisiguit Miramichi elevation and geomorphology 3 Madawaska River 4 Restigouche Upsalquitch 5 Sisson Branch Reservoir 6 Serpentine 7 Tetagouche Lake 8 Jacquet Lake 9 Northwest Miramichi River 10 Gulquac River 11 McKiel Lake 12 Fundy Plateau 13 Chaleur Coastal 14 Tabusintac 15 Acadian Peninsula Coastal 16 Salmon River 17 Lower Miramichi River 18 Tobique River 19 Saint John River 20 Taxis River 21 Southwest Miramichi River 22 Nashwaak River 23 Nackawic Stream 24 Northumberland Coastal 25 Oromocto Lake 26 Lepreau River 27 Spendic Lake 28 Magaguadavic Lake 29 Anagance Ridge 30 Petitcodiac River 31 Kennabecasis River 32 Fundy Coastal 33 Oromocto River 34 Grand Lake Eco Region Breakdown of 1 Highlands N B on climate 2 Northern Uplands elevation and 3 Southern Uplands proximity to coast 4 Fundy Coastal 5 Continental Lowlands 6 Eastern Lowlands 7 Grand Lake al New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description Code Code Description Eco Section Breakdown of Eco District 1 These numeric values are simply used to identify the based on density and patterns 2 Ecosection within an ecodistrict There may be a of streams and geomorphology 3 maximum of 10 Ecosections within an ecodistrict 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Eco Site Designation of forest stand 1 Coniferous dry acidic outcrop or coarse textured deposit based on slope elevation 1s Coniferous steep acidic valley slope
14. Sample Plot Database PSP Database mum b ree Plot Type Charts Reports E I s I p Beer C L3 MT D T verbe Voire hararet h 1 A m Plot Type Selects type of plot to be displayed Query Builder Starts the Query Builder explained further in Section 4 4 which Report group Reports are organized into gives the user control over which data are groups When selected the appropriate list of included reports appears in the Chart Report box v Save query Closes the query builder and Chart group Charts are organized into groups saves the query when a group is selected the appropriate list of charts appears in the Chart Report box Reset Query Resets the contents of the query builder to its defaults for that plot type Chart Report box Allows selection of a single Run Generates the selected report or chart chart or report from the selected group using the specified criteria Live Trees Only When Yes is selected only live trees are included in the calculations If No is selected both live and dead trees are in cluded Look up Provides a list of codes for any field in the database explained in Section 4 6 Help Activates the PSPDB online help Exit Closes PSPDB and exits Access Figure 2 View of the PSPDB main form with a description of features and buttons 17 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Da
15. are in the REGEN tree table Additional sampling in formation is available in Dunlap 1989 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table6 Required plot radius based on density count for regenerating natural stands Trees per 50 m Plot radius m Plot size m Trees per hectare 50 60 6 30 125 10 000 12 000 61 75 5 64 100 12 001 15 000 76 100 5 05 80 15 001 20 000 101 125 4 37 60 20 001 25 000 126 150 3 98 50 25 001 30 000 3 2 PSPDB Data Structure Plots Characteristics of each plot were measured when the plot was established and also at each remeasurement Static information about the plot that is not subject to change such as location and site characterisitics is stored in the PLOTS table 14 in PSPDB Table 7 Attributes such as develop ment stage and species composition change over time and are reassessed each time the plot is measured In PSPDB these variables are stored in the PLOTS YR Table 8 For all plot types the same plot level information is recorded New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 7 Description of variables in the PLOTS table containing plot level data collected at plot establishment Field Name plot mapno stand region license funalnterp P1DS estab age density class site region SR treatment unit TU prod soil drainage eco region eco district eco section eco site silv_ID plot type photo plotsize size measurement day measure
16. dbh Diameter at breast height mm agecl Age class young immature mature overmature cr Crown ratio the ratio of live tree crown length to total tree height top Proportion of top broken or dead type Wound type depth Wound depth dim Wound dimension proportion of height or circumference Itbh Wound below breast height conks Conks present P or blank lean Lean of the tree 96 leaderda Leader damage curpct Current defoliation class for spruce and fir 96 cumpct Cumulative defoliation class for spruce and fir 96 thincr Thin crown present on hardwoods P or blank lat Dead or broken main stem present on hardwoods P or blank hgt Height m vol Volume m Note a description of data codes and classes used for each variable is presented in Appendix III When tree measurements are imported to PSPDB a set of regression equations predicts tree height and volume from species plot location License and dbh for each tree of commercial species that is gt 9 0 cm dbh Appendix Il The equations were calibrated from the height dbh sampling informa tion and the calculated values are stored with each tree measurement record 3 1 2 Young Plantations Plantation sampling was directed towards 4 to 8 year old black spruce white spruce and jack pine plantations in a managed condition Dunlap 1989 The managed condition refers to management of softwood density and the degree of hardwood competition present The minimu
17. for definition of these codes 49 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Appendix Ill Field Names Codes and Code Descriptions Used in PSPDB Field Name agecl Agency browse buds cause conks cr cumpct curpct curleader Density Class Description Age class Agency that collected the data Browsed damage Damage to buds Cause of death Conks present Crown ratio Cumulative and current defoliation Damage to leader Density class of the plot Code blank 1 blank IzIT COIOUUP zUO con5romoodoo oosom ouycoo ooc owv corou zo ank or blank ank 50 Code Description Young Immature Mature Overmature Department of Natural Resources and Energy Licensee Marketing Board Licensee and NBDNRE Browsing absent Light 1096 of total foliage and twigs consumed Moderate 11 50 Heavy 5196 75 Very heavy gt 75 No damage Insect budworm etc Disease fungus rust galls etc Mechanical snow ice frost damage Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc Poor planting technique J root balled roots Poor microsite Herbicide Other Unknown Insect damage Windthrow Stem wounds Broken top Stem breakage Suppression Overmature Other Unknown Conk s absent Conk s present Dead tree or DBH lt 9 1 10 11 20 21 30 31 40 41 50 51 60 61 7096 71 8096 81 100 00 05 06 20 21 40 41 60
18. greater than 9 0 cm dbh for all commercial species found within the plot Height is measured for all trees included in the age class sampling with any additional heights taken from within the plot A maximum of 45 heights are meas ured The second part of the sampling deals with the tree by tree tally within the plot Species age class dbh and cause of death are recorded for recently dead trees For all live trees species age class dbh and crown ratio are tallied An additional set of variables risk measurements is quantified for each tree with the objective of evaluating the prob ability of mortality for an individual tree These vari ables consist of leader damage current and cu mulative defoliation proportion of broken top stem wounds lean thin crown dead or broken main stem and the presence of conks on the main stem Additional details on the PSP sampling methods are available in Dunlap 1989 and Upshall 1990 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 3 Description of variables in the YIMO tree data table which contains indi vidual tree data for young immature mature and overmature plots Each time a tree is measured on a YIMO plot a record is created Field Name Description plot Plot number treenum Tree number meas Measurement number i e each time a tree is remeasured this number is incremented beginning with 1 for the first measurement species Tree species cause Cause of death
19. gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Plot Year Species Cause Trees ha 4021 1992 bF Unknown 25 4021 1992 wB Stem wounds 25 Unknown 50 4021 1995 bF Unknown 25 Windthrow 25 Suppression 25 4032 1990 bF Windthrow 25 Insect damage 50 4032 1990 rS Windthrow 25 4032 1993 bF Overmature 25 Windthrow 50 Figure 4 Contd 24 The top half of the query builder con tains the data sources for the query in this case YIMO tree and PLOTS data tables Table 1 Data table name and the list of fields contained In the example Y MO tree is the name of the table and its scrollable list of fields appears in the YIMO tree window Figure 5 4 4 The Query Builder The query builder in PSPDB is the standard query builder of Microsoft Access with some customization Its functions are fully described in the Access printed user documentation and in the online help system under Query by Example QBE and therefore will not be duplicated here In PSPDB the query builder allows the user to specify the selection criteria for generating a par ticular chart or report For example the user may only be interested in a particular species or license or perhaps a certain range of plot numbers The query builder provides a visual interface to achieve this The upper pane of the query builder in Figure 5 contains data sou
20. number of the tree location yaxis North south position of the tree from south boundary of plot in 0 1 m xaxis East west position of the tree from west boundary of plot in 0 1 m dbh Diameter at breast height mm hgt Total height cm h1 Total height 1 year ago cm h2 Total height 2 years ago cm blc Height of the base of the live crown cm cw Crown width cm microsite Soil composition in which the tree is planted microtop Topography in which the tree is planted i e level ground top of mound etc survival Assessment as to whether the tree will be alive in 5 years buds Causal agent for damage to the buds of the tree curleader Causal agent for damage to the current leader lateral Causal agent for damage to the branches foliage Causal agent for damage to the foliage stem Causal agent for damage to the stem roots Causal agent for damage to the roots Sp1 sp2 sp3 sp4 Species of potential competition non tagged around the tagged softwood tree in each of the four quadrants surrounding the tree hgt1 hgt2 hgt3 hgt4 Height of the tallest non tagged individual in each of the four quadrants surrounding the tree cm Note a description of data codes and classes used for each variable is presented in Appendix III Cutover plot shape was square and size de pended on the density class being sampled The range of plot sizes was 4 x 4m to7 x7m Growth measurements and risk assessments col lected were ident
21. of variables in the PLOTS YR table For each measurement of a plot a record is added to the PLOTS YR table containing the follow ing variables Field Name plot year meas agency remeas year funa dev stage Description Plot number Year of measurement Measurement number i e each time a plot is remeasured this number is incremented Name of the agency that collected the data Next measurement year for the plot Predominant species in the dominant age class on the plot Stage of development of the plot Note a description of data codes and classes used for each variable is presented in Appendix III 15 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 4 Using PSPDB This section provides a brief overview of PSPDB and its main functions by describing the user in terface and the elements associated with it We illustrate how to use the main form indicate the reports and charts that are available explain how to build queries to filter the data going into reports and charts demonstrate the look up capability and describe some of the utility features of the system Historic records of stand development like the ones created in the Cooperative PSP program are uniquely capable of telling an important story about the forests of New Brunswick However with out some way for forest managers and planners to easily access this wealth of information it would be little more than a data archive Table 9 describes the P
22. ssssssssssseeemeeeeeeneee een 7 3 The New Brunswick Cooperative PSP Program eenen 8 3 1 PSPDB Data Structure Trees 9 3 1 1 Young Immature Mature and Overmature Stands sss 9 3 1 2 Young Flaman eeso eri ete een Ebo peE tw een Haee Pa FOE HERI E em HERR FPE Reed 11 cm IC PR GIO mH aids 12 34 4 Precomimercial FMINNINOS inira anisini tsar annees riens eee ra ii anna ner 13 S125 Regenerating Natural Stands i oec snesseritiassct attssstestesdansesaests matins tptestsatet 14 3 2 PSPDB Data Structure Plots 000222400442400044s00nnnnnnnennnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 14 LEE nonumm 17 4 1 PSPDB M in FORM scere rera rer en FEFE a FREIER PL a PER EEE X EUMY Fan ee ee 17 4 2 VAM AIG Chas SR r co EE sens E EA tete em tetes rs net 4 3 Available Reports 4 4 The Query Builder 4 5 Chart Report View BEDE WO DONS EE EL LIS LUUD UL et DISAIT OO RO 4 5 2 Charts Luder WATCH 27 A44 Ihe ACCESS Database WIDGOW a a a an een 28 4 8 Additrig a E31 Le RE En en Ii 29 5 WULOMIAL E E E A E E A EE E 30 6 Analysis of N B Cooperative PSP Data usines 33 6 1 Mean Merch ntable Volume u 0020 an aa Hann aan 33 96 2 Perodic Volume IMCFEMONt sss ceiesxzacesccantnssqutssteteatzaateatentdgroansteeteaasattesentaaagate st seatvastestestdaracssiees 34 6 3 MOMAN nn aan nenne ET yaad tiatades athens 34 4 JAcknowledgemighits E E E A A E A E E A T 44 c LIII D E AAT 44 hv 45 Appendix I List of Procedu
23. table Data can be entered from the keyboard or imported from other sources Once the table is completed close this cus tomized database and return to the pspapp mdb the regular PSPDB file Click the right mouse button on the Tables tab and select Link Tables navigate to the loca tion of the customized database and select it A list of the tables in the custom database will appear Select the tables to be linked and press OK This provides access to them from within PSPDB The links are saved automatically If a replacement copy of the pspapp mdb the regular PSPDB file is installed the user merely needs to re link the tables from the custom database 5 Tutorial The following brief tutorial demonstrates how to use PSPDB to generate a chart of Total Merchantable Volume By Age per Plot for all plots in Eco Distrct 22 Nashwaak River 5 1 The first step when creating a chart with PSPDB is to choose which plot type is to be displayed In this case from the Plot Type sec tion of the PSPDB main form Figure 2 se lect YIMO by clicking on its check box 6 2 Next select the chart group in which the de sired chart falls from the Charts section of the PSPDB main form To display a chart of Merchantable Volume by age and plot choose By Age per Plot from the Chart group 3 For this chart we would also like to include the volume of both live and dead trees found on the plot so set the Live Trees Only che
24. trees ha kdensit ave_density m where k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected Note this formula gives equal weight to each selected plot Average stand volume m ha y Xjtree vol k plotsize m k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected i represents the set of selected trees in each plot plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares Note this formula gives equal weight to each selected plot even if the plot sizes differ Stand age at a particular measurement years stand age stand ageg yearg yearg where tis a particular measurement 0 is the establishment measurement year is the calendar year for a measurement stand age is based on the age of the predominant species at the time of plot establishment and is determined through destructive sampling near the plot Average periodic survivor growth m ha D Z jtree_ growth k plotsize m tis a particular measurement k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected i represents all living selected trees in measurement year t within a plot plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares psgrowth Average periodic mortality m ha Y jtree volt k plotsize m t is a particular measurement t 1 is the previous measurement k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected j represents all newly dead selected tr
25. x f 200 200 a mr ra ma a d Mt M 100 n 100 si 1 1 e Tr T 1 5i 20 40 860 80 100 120 140 20 40 60 80 100 L 400 Mi j Lic 3 Lower Miramichi Lic 4 Upper Miramichi TOHW BFSP 300 4 300 Ka vor c s S 200 y ve 200 2 di io T i e t 100 100 m m P 5 000 a Q r r et Q Ee 1 nn Tr om 40 60 80 100 120 140 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 usd 400 E Lic 5 Kent Lic 6 Queens Charlotte SPBF SPTH 300 300 200 wa 200 pn rt er 100 AS 100 D po ex X d 20 40 80 8 amp 0 100 120 140 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Stand age years Figure 12 Volume development in PSPs representing ten Crown licenses and seven marketing board areas in New Brunswick Individual plots are shown for one forest unit selected from each landbase means are presented in Table 12 Letters on some of the plots are referred to in the text 36 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 400 T Se SEE ip _ _ _ _ lt ____ 4 Lic 7 Fundy Lic 8 York SPIH SPTH h 300 j 300 3d Y i P d 200 P di 200 4 ET qmm es n 100 100 wt lo NY e aea 20 40 60 20 100 120 140 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 400 ADD e Lic 9 Carlelon Lic 10 Restigauche Tebique BFTH BFIH g 300 300 3 FT T d i 200 A 200 a y a S 100 100 c f e oo 5 20 40 60 80 100 170 140 20 4 60 a0 100 120 140 400 E 400
26. 1 Grey birch 159 Pin cherry 163 Choke cherry 172 Black ash 183 Balsam poplar 194 Black cherry 219 Elm 220 Apple 224 Butternut Sp1 sp2 Species of competition trees See species sp3 sp4 stem Damage to stem blank No damage l Insect budworm etc D Disease fungus rust galls etc M Mechanical snow ice frost damage A Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc P Poor planting technique J root balled roots S Poor microsite H Herbicide O Other U Unknown survival Expectation of tree s survival Y Yes in next 5 years N No M Maybe thincr Thin crown hardwood only blank Absent P Present top Dead broken top blank Broken or dead top 1 10 of live crown length broken or dead 2 10 30 of live crown length broken or dead 3 30 60 of live crown length broken or dead 4 gt 61 of live crown length broken or dead Treatment Site class based on soil BB 1 Very Dry Very Poor Pine Softwood Unit TU and vegetation BB2 Dry Poor Softwood BB3 Moist Poor Softwood BB 4 Wet Poor Softwood BB 5 Very Dry Moderately Poor Softwood BB6 Dry Moderately Poor Softwood BB 7 Moist Moderately Poor Softwood BB 8 Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood BB 9 Dry gt Moist Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood BB 10 Wet Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood BB 11 Dry gt Moist Very Rich TH Mixedwood 55 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description Code BB 12 CT 1 CT2 CT3 CT4 GTS CT6 C
27. 14 185 1 134 2 201 4 175 3 104 1 37 Y S C 1 169 17 125 3 158 7 147 4 142 3 189 3 160 18 147 11 2 185 17 141 3 169 6 190 3 152 3 209 3 169 16 159 9 3 202 6 176 1 228 3 129 1 157 2 260 1 178 11 148 4 4 195 1 ss u er 38 S N B 1 160 27 164 3 147 4 156 5 125 2 156 1 118 1 141 13 2 183 21 183 2 166 3 176 5 100 1 165 1 131 1 165 13 3 195 7 191 1 148 1 Rus 178 1 210 10 4 p s Ben EN ENS EN Pa 39 S E N B 1 166 18 97 2 156 1 171 6 189 1 135 6 164 13 2 188 17 121 2 165 1 199 5 150 6 179 12 3 190 7 87 1 181 1 179 2 169 3 192 6 4 S eie P Dem mS iss BR LE LEID UO DC a L CE gt Species abbreviations for forest units SP spruce BF balsam fir TH or TOHW tolerant hardwood IH or INHW intolerant hardwood h Measurements were generally conducted from 1987 1990 1 1990 1993 2 1993 1996 3 and 1997 4 for mature and overmature plots 3 yr remeasurement and generally from 1987 1990 1 1992 1995 2 and 1997 3 for young and immature plots 5 yr remeasurement e Marketing boards Y S C York Sunbury Charlotte S N B Southern New Brunswick S E N B Southeastern New Brunswick 35 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 400 oo 400 es Lic 1 Upsalquitch Lic 2 Nepisiguit SPEF BFSP 300 300 h
28. 599 0 624162 Fir 6 17 1 0 937626 0 015775 Fir 7 18 4 1 465049 5 281684 Fir 8 19 4 1 449715 4 587453 Fir 9 20 3 8 759159 18 217949 White amp red pine 1 10 33 39 21 3 15 328716 22 183819 Jack pine 1 10 33 39 22 3 8 668627 19 483355 Cedar 1 5 10 33 36 23 3 2 101445 10 584874 Cedar 6 9 10 37 39 24 2 0 422902 0 489834 Hemlock amp larch 1 10 33 39 25 3 2 028566 12 985087 Tolerant hardwood 6 8 37 39 26 3 1 079266 12 742338 Tolerant hardwood 1 5 9 10 33 36 27 4 1 335968 2 894519 Intolerant hardwood 6 8 37 39 28 3 5 619322 17 304132 Intolerant hardwood 1 5 9 10 33 36 29 3 6 595758 17 97905 Spruce 33 30 3 6 777939 15 534673 Spruce 34 31 3 10 488533 19 143862 Spruce 35 32 1 0 814643 0 008596 Spruce 36 33 2 0 354458 0 589261 Spruce 37 34 3 7 594087 16 810932 Spruce 38 35 1 0 877606 0 012616 Spruce 39 36 2 0 480463 0 509401 Fir 33 37 3 6 899913 15 852696 Fir 34 38 3 11 936621 20 771233 Fir 35 39 1 0 843495 0 007472 Fir 36 40 5 0 076232 0 779402 Fir 37 41 d 11 264785 20 339771 Fir 38 42 2 0 26616 0 674531 Fir 39 43 1 0 89918 0 012155 p A a The Genus and License or Marketing Board columns in the table are included to allow interpretation of the Species Group codes gt See Appendix III p 50
29. Moderately Rich Softwood Wet Moderately Rich Softwood Very Wet Moderately Rich Cedar Softwood Wet Very Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Rich Hardwood Dry Very Poor Pine Softwood Dry Poor Pine Softwood Dry Poor IH Mixedwood Dry Moderately Poor IH Mixedwood Dry gt Moist Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Moist Poor Softwood Wet Moderately Rich Cedar Softwood Moist Rich Cedar Softwood Dry gt Moist Rich Softwood Dry Moderately Rich Softwood Dry Very Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Rich TH Mixedwood No wound present Frost crack type deep and narrow Broad wound Nail crack 3 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Appendix IV Data Validation Checks The following tables describe valid codes for each variable used in PSPDB Data codes are included for the seven primary data tables in PSPDB PLOTS PLOTS_YR YIMO tree REGEN tree THIN tree PLANT tree and CUT tree Valid codes for the PLOTS data table Field Name License Plot Mapno Stand Region Funalnterp P1DS Estab Age Density Class Site Region SR Treatment Unit TU Prod Soil Drainage Eco Region Eco Section Eco Site 1 2 Silv ID Plot Type Photo 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 Plotsize Size Measurement Day Measurement Month Measurement Year Year Treated Valid Data 1 20 31 33 39 88 numeric gt 0 numeric 10 gt 0 numeric 10 gt 0 1 5 Cuts Regens and t
30. New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database PSPDB v1 0 User s Guide and Analysis Kevin B Porter David A MacLean Kathy P Beaton and John Upshall Information Report M X 209E Landscape Management Network 1 Forest Management Branch N B Department of Natural Resources amp Energy PO Box 6000 Fredericton N B E3B 5H1 Canadian Forest Service Atlantic Forestry Centre Natural Resources Canada P O Box 4000 Fredericton N B E3B 5P7 2001 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2001 ISSN 1195 3799 ISBN 0 662 29988 4 Catalogue No Fo46 19 209E Additional copies of this publication are available in limited quantities at no charge from Canadian Forest Service Atlantic Forestry Centre PO Box 4000 Fredericton N B Canada E3B 5P7 506 452 3500 Fax 506 452 3525 Photocopies or microfiches of this publication may also be purchased from Micromedia Ltd 240 Catherine St Suite 305 Ottawa ON K2P 2G8 Tel 613 237 4250 Toll free 1 800 567 1914 Fax 613 237 4251 Une copie frangaise de ce rapport est disponible sur demande Editing design and layout Caroline Simpson Canadian Cataloguing in Publications Data Main entry under title New Brunswick permanent sample plot database PSPDB v1 0 user s guide and analysis Information report ISSN 1195 3799 M X 209E Issued also in French under title Base de donn es sur les placettes
31. SPDB data distribution up to and including 1997 remeasurement data A total of 2499 plots contain over 221 000 trees PSPDB now contains over 497 000 records or individual tree measure ments About 65 of the PSPs and 68 of the records are for YIMO plots As the database grows with additional remeasurements its value in creases but the need for an efficient means of accessing and analyzing the data also increases PSPDB was created as a data management and reporting system to facilitate such access and further to transform the data into value added information using meaningful built in calculations Appendix VI and a flexible user interface Table 9 Description of data distribu tion No No Total No Plot type plots trees records YIMO 1630 125730 338508 Cutovers 249 27471 44483 Plantation 276 24863 38691 Regeneration 210 29287 50061 Thinning 134 14128 25418 Total 2499 221479 497162 16 NBDNRE will provide annual data updates to PSPDB as new measurements are taken These updates may also include replacements of data already in the database to fix errors in previous measurements Changes to tree records are per formed on a plot and year basis In other words when a change is required for a tree record in the database the complete set of tree records for that plot and measurement year is replaced by a new set A separate import program accompanies PSPDB and is used to check all new data and load them into the d
32. T7 CT 8 CT9 CT 10 FU 1 FU 2 FU 3 FU 4 FU 5 FU 6 FU 7 FU 8 FU 9 FU 10 HH 1 HH 2 HH 3 HH 4 HH 5 HH 6 HH 7 HH 8 HH 9 HH 10 HH 11 HH 12 HH 138 HH 14 HH 15 KE 1 KE2 KE 3 KE 4 KES KE6 KE 7 KE 8 NT 1 NT2 NT3 NT 4 NT5 NT6 NT7 NT8 NT 9 NT 10 NT 11 NT 12 RE 1 RE2 RE3 RE4 RE 5 RE6 RE7 RE8 RE9 RE 10 RE 11 RE 12 SE 1 SE2 56 Code Description Very Dry Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Very Poor Pine Softwood Moist Poor Softwood Wet Poor Softwood Wet Moderately Rich Cedar Softwood Dry gt Moist Moderately Poor Softwood Very Dry Moderately Poor Pine Softwood Moist Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Moist Very Rich TH Mixedwood Dry Rich TH Mixedwood Very Dry Poor Softwood Dry Poor Softwood Moist Moderately Poor Softwood Very Wet Very Poor Softwood Wet Moderately Poor Softwood Moist Rich Softwood Moist Moderately Rich IH Softwood Wet Moderately Poor Softwood Dry Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Dry gt Moist Rich Hardwood Very Dry Very Poor Pine Softwood Dry gt Moist Poor Pine Softwood Wet Poor Softwood Very Wet Very Poor Softwood Very Dry Moderately Poor IH Mixedwood Dry Moderately Poor IH Mixedwood Moist Moderately Poor IH Mixedwood Wet Moderately Rich IH Mixedwood Moist Rich Cedar Softwood Moist Rich IH Mixedwood Moist Very Rich IH Mixedwood Dry Rich IH
33. all records that passed the checks and a reject dat file listing all records that failed the checks along with a mes sage for each one indicating the first check that it failed see D on next page Once the checking is complete Import displays the clean dat and reject dat files as scrollable lists allowing the user to easily view them before proceeding If there is more than one problem with a particular import record only the first will be detected Any remaining problems will be detected after the first is fixed and the record is re checked OY np New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 4 Clean Data 27979 records 782211 1n Re rnrn near 7382232 10 92 40COCO OCOC 7182213 1n 75 hfrnrn nrnr 7382234 10 81 Z0C0C0 OCOC 7382235 10123_50C0CO OCOC JUZZJC LU UJ ULULU ULUL 7382237 10 71 7OCOCO OCOC JU22JU LU Us _ULULU ULUL 7182219 10112Z40C0C0 OCOC e Hp V Ep AU ELLE IL AN 5 revurds 110153YS0C0C0 curpet l1i1uizJ7 ULULU 25 235 cur ct 110125720C0C0 curpet J5J3353 l1U12 7 LULU e S22 cur ct 35 33633 11021 2 0C0C0 zurpct 5 Import tree data The button labeled mport tree data is is used to load tree data records into PSPDB and automatically perform step 4 above If all import records in the file pass the checks they are added to the database If records are rejected a message informs the user that none of the records in the import file were added and the clean and rejected data are displayed as in ste
34. andbase m ha yr marketing board period SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW 37 Y8 C4 1 2 3 72 17 2 69 3 3 09 6 4 17 3 2 58 3 4 97 3 2 06 16 229 9 2 3 1 69 6 7 85 1 3 42 3 4 07 1 2 38 2 2 52 1 1 57 11 0 57 4 3 4 4 88 1 a p e 38 S N B4 1 2 4 24 21 4 84 2 4 23 3 4 06 5 2 32 1 3 06 1 2 38 1 5 45 13 2 3 1 66 7 3 54 1 2 59 1 s 413 1 465 4 3 4 sa sae Br ee ae si 39 S E N B 4 1 2 4 31 17 6 03 2 3 14 1 5 71 5 855 6 4 01 12 2 3 2 23 7 0 91 1 543 1 3 06 2 0 95 3 2 41 6 3 4 M i pos E e AO ILLLILILILLLLLLSILLLLILIALLLZLZU Periodic annual volume increment survivor growth mortality no years b Species abbreviations for forest units Sp spruce BF balsam fir TH or TOHW tolerant hardwood IH or INHW intolerant hardwood e Measurements were generally conducted from 1987 1990 1 1990 1993 2 1993 1996 3 and 1997 4 for mature and overmature plots 3 yr remeasurement and generally from 1987 1990 1 1992 1995 2 and 1997 3 for young and immature plots 5 yr remeasurement PAI was calculated from measurement 1 to 2 1 2 and from 2 to 3 2 3 d Marketing boards Y S C York Sunbury Charlotte S N B Southern New Brunswick S E N B Southeastern New Brunswick 40 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 14 Mean periodic mortality calculated from permanent sample plots by f
35. atabase It encapsulates all of the validation rules from the procedure manuals Dunlap 1989 and ensures that all data in PSPDB meet these criteria Only valid data are added to the database Appendix IV provides a description of the validity checking performed and Appendix V briefly describes the use of the Import program 4 1 PSPDB Main Form The PSPDB user interface is quite sinple Al te customized functions are accessed using a mouse from the main farm Figure 2 which rep resents a control pad for operating the system h addition the normal Access interface is retained so the user can use all of its standard functions Figure 2 describes the main farm and its compo nents When generating a chart a report in PSPDB tte user typically fdlows these steps select a plot type item in Figure 2 choose a report or chart by selecting a group and a specific report or chart items g decide whether to include all trees or just live trees item specify a query to indicate the selection crite ria item see section 4 4 tu Q Other functions on the main form allow the user to close the query builder save the query specifica tion item and reset the query to the default specification item The run button item runs the selected chart or report using the criteria speci fied in the query builder If no selection criteria are specified the chart report will attempt to use the New Brunswick Permanent
36. ble graphical user interface GUI PSPDB is updated annually with new measurement data from NBDNRE and can be downloaded via the Internet This report presents an overview of the N B Co operative PSP program the database structure and functions of PSPDB installation instructions and a tutorial Selected calculated outputs from the system are also presented including volume periodic annual increment and periodic mortal ity by geographic area Crown license and mar keting board area and by species class New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Resume Le Service canadien des for ts et le ministere des Ressources naturelles et de l nergie du Nouveau Brunswick MRNENB ont labor conjointement un systeme interactif de base de donn es pour appuyer le programme coop ratif n o brunswickois des placettes d chantillonnage permanentes PEP Ce programme a t lanc en 1987 et porte sur environ 2500 PEP qui sont r parties l chelle de la province Ces placettes repr sentent la for t provinciale en entier Les donn es rassembl es sur les PEP permettent entre autres de d finir la structure des peuplements des moments pr cis de calibrer les mod les de croissance des peuplements et de valider ou d invalider les projections tablies au moyen de mod les de simulation de peuplements Ces projections de croissance ou courbes de production volumique repr sentent les pr visions de volume sur lesquell
37. ck box to No 4 After selecting a chart group a list of all charts of that type appears in the selection box in the lower right of the PSPDB main form Select the chart Total Merchantable Volume by Age per Plot from the selection box by clicking on New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database its name This will highlight the chart name Only one chart can be selected at a time Now instead of using the entire database we will add some selection criteria to limit the number of plots included in our chart Click the Build Query button a to open the query builder As we selected the YIMO plot type a list of fields in the YIMO tree table is displayed in the upper pane of the Query Builder window Fig ure 8 Remember that we want to generate this chart for Eco District 22 so we need to include the Eco District field in our selection criteria Place the cursor anywhere on the background of the upper pane of the query window Fig ure 8 and click the right mouse button Select Show Table from the menu that pops up to display a list of all tables in the database Fig ure 9 Scroll down the list until you find PLOTS and select it Figure 9 Press the Add button id to add the PLOTS table to our query Press the Close button to close the Show Table window Figure 8 Query Builder window with the Eco District Criterion set to 22 O New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database lal Figure 9 7 To
38. d chantillonnage permanentes du Nouveau Brunswick PSPDB v1 0 Includes bibliographical references ISBN 0 662 29988 4 Cat No F046 19 209E 1 Trees New Brunswick Growth Databases Handbooks manuals etc 2 Forest site quality New Brunswick Databases Handbooks manuals etc l Porter Kevin B 1961 Il Atlantic Forestry Centre Ill Title IV Series Information report Atlantic Forestry Centre M X 209E SD146 N4N48 2001 634 9 285 0971511 C2001 980084 3 Abstract The Canadian Forest Service and the New Bruns wick Department of Natural Resources and En ergy NBDNRE have cooperated to develop an interactive database system in support of the N B Cooperative Permanent Sample Plot PSP pro gram The program initiated in 1987 includes approximately 2500 PSPs located throughout the province These plots are representative of the entire provincial forest Data from the PSPs can be used to define stand structures at specific points in time calibrate stand growth models and validate invalidate projections made with stand models These growth projections or yield curves represent the volume expectations that form the basis for forest management plans The Permanent Sample Plot Database PSPDB was created as a data management and report ing system Microsoft Access is used to facilitate access and transform the raw data into informa tion using meaningful built in calculations and a flexi
39. dividual PSPs in Fig ure 12 with letters a m to note volume increment and mortality patterns in particular plots Plots a and b in 60 to 70 year old SPBF on the Upsalquitch License increased at PAI rates of 2 2 2 8 m ha yr in period 1 from measurement 1 to measurement 2 and 6 1 6 4 m ha yr in period 2 Mortality was low at 0 6 2 1 m ha yr In contrast plots c and d also SPBF but 80 90 and 110 120 years old sustained 9 11 and 22 30 m ha yr of mortality in periods 1 and 2 respectively and all remaining trees in plot c died because of blowdown or stem breakage in period 3 Therefore net PAI was 5 6 to 7 5 in period 1 and 19 to 30 m ha yr in period 2 plot d continued to decline 5 2 m ha yr in period 3 Plot e BFSP on the Upper Miramichi License sustained 25 m ha yr mortal ity in period 2 resulting in 22 m ha yr PAI Plot f SPIH on the Fundy License was also note worthy because it exhibited rapid decline with 19 m ha yr mortality in period 1 resulting in a 17 m ha yr PAI Figure 12 Plots g and h SPTH on the York License were interesting in that they declined in period 1 16 20 m ha yr of mortality but then recovered in period 2 PAI of 6 0 for g and 7 6 for h and period 3 PAI 8 4 for g but 2 3 for h Plots i BFTH on the Carleton License and j TOHW on Madawaska Marketing Board sustained heavy mortality in period 1 19 m ha yr or period 2 10 m ha yr respectively but showed less decl
40. dwood spruce IHSP Intolerant hardwood spruce THBF Tolerant hardwood balsam fir IHBF Intolerant hardwood balsam fir TOHW Tolerant hardwood THIH Tolerant hardwood intolerant hardwood INHW Intolerant hardwood IHTH Intolerant hardwood tolerant hardwood CC Clear cut BS Black spruce plantation WS White spruce plantation JP Jack pine plantation lat Dead broken main stem blank Absent P Present Dre New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description Code Code Description lateral Damage to branches blank No damage Insect budworm etc Disease fungus rust galls etc Mechanical snow ice frost damage Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc Poor planting technique J root balled roots Poor microsite Herbicide Other Unknown Shoot above top whorl completely defoliated but terminal bud intact Leading shoot dead or broken but lateral shoots in first whorl turning up Leading shoot dead or broken no lateral shoot response 0 5 degrees 6 15 degrees 16 30 degrees 31 45 degrees gt 45 degrees Upsalquitch License Nepisiguit License Lower Miramichi License Upper Miramichi License Kent License Queens Charlotte License Fundy License York License Carleton License 10 Restigouche Tobique License 33 North Shore Marketing Board 34 Madawaska Marketing Board 35 Carleton Victoria Marketing Board 36 Northumberland Marketing Board 37 York Sunbury Charlotte Marketing Board 38 Southeastern New Brunsw
41. ed by species in addition to year and plot make up group D Reports D2 D4 and D9 in Figure 4 present examples Users may also de sign their own reports using functions available in Microsoft Access List of reports available in PSPDB Report types refer to the examples Availability by Plot Type Plantations Thins amp Report Group Type Report Name YIMO amp Cuts Regens A Per plot A1 Periodic annual volume increment by plot X A2 Current defoliation distribution X X A3 Cumulative defoliation distribution X X B By year B1 Mean annual volume increment by year per plot X per plot B2 Periodic survivor growth by year per plot X B3 Periodic mortality by year per plot X B4 Volume by year per plot X B5 Average piece size by year per plot X B6 Stand density by year per plot x x X B7 Average diameter by year per plot X X X B8 Basal area by year per plot X C By species C1 Current defoliation by species X X D By species and D1 Tree distribution by maturity species and year X year per plot per plot D2 Diameter distribution by species and year per plot X X x D3 Current defoliation by species and year per plot X X D4 Dead trees and their causes by plot X D5 Species distribution by year per plot X X X D6 Average diameter by species and year per plot X X X D7 Volume by species and year per plot X D8 Basal area by species and year per plot X D9 Cause of death distribution by species and year X per plot 21 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plo
42. ees at time t that were alive at time t 1 plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares mortpha OY HS New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot abaisse Latapase Average periodic annual increment m ha year p Zijtree_growthr 2 jtree volti 2tree volt k period plotsize palt m tis a particular measurement t 1 is the previous measurement i represents all living selected trees in measurement year t within a plot j represents all newly dead selected trees at time t that were alive at time t 1 represents all new trees in the plot ingrowth These are trees that were not included in the plot until the most recent measurement because they were not large enough k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected period is the number of years between measurements for the plot plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares Average mean annual increment m ha year 3tree vol stand age plotsize m mai k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selected i represents the set of selected trees within a plot plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares Average basal area m ha geh X 1000 k plotsize m ba i represents all selected trees within a plot k represents the set of selected plots m is the quantity of plots selecte d plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares Note this is calculated for a group of trees usually a plot or set of plots T
43. eing measured i e NE quarter NW quarter etc blc Height of the base of the live crown dbh Diameter at breast height mm ht Total height cm swh1 Height 1 year ago for softwoods only cm swh2 Height 2 years ago for softwoods only cm top Proportion of top broken or dead type Wound type depth Wound depth dim Proportion of height or circumference affected by the wound Itbh Wound below breast height browse Browsed damage lean Lean of the tree 96 leadrdam Leader damage curpct Current defoliation class for spruce and fir 96 cumpct Cumulative defoliation class for spruce and fir 96 Note a description of data codes and classes used for each variable is presented in Appendix III table Additional sampling information is described in Dunlap 1989 3 1 5 Regenerating Natural Stands Sampling in regenerating natural stands was di rected towards uniform fully stocked stands ap proximately 10 to 30 years old Dunlap 1989 Densities sampled ranged from 10 000 to 30 000 stems ha and 80 of the trees to be sampled must have been taller than 2 m Dunlap 1989 In addi 13 tion the number of stems with dbh 9 0 cm must have been less than 20 of the sampled trees The plots were circular in shape and had a vari able radius depending on the density class sam pled Table 6 All trees 1 m in height were tagged Variables measured are described in Table 5 in PSPDB data from regenerating natural stands
44. eld measurements un der the direction of the program coordinator from NBDNRE The objectives of the Cooperative PSP program are to define stand structures at specific points in time and to validate invalidate the stand growth projections made with stand models Dunlap 1988 These growth projections or yield curves represent the volume expectations that form the basis for forest management plans They supply the data necessary to analyze how the for est is currently growing and how it may be har vested in the future and thereby represent a linch pin in determining sustainability of timber on Crown land and private woodlots in New Brunswick In proposing the Cooperative PSP program Wang et al 1986 envisaged that it should become an integral part of the information system of each land manager in the province To realize this goal NBDNRE and the Canadian Forest Service CFS have worked together to develop an interactive database system called PSPDB Permanent Sam ple Plot Database Prior to its development there was no way for users to efficiently access these data Ensuring quality for hundreds of thousands N of tree measurements field collected over several years by a large number of crews requires strin gent quality control standards and validation pro cedures Procedure manuals guide the data col lection process while the import of data into PSPDB features extensive checking to ensure that the database is clean and valid
45. er approve their replacement or cancel the import A PLOTS YH record for the measurement must exist in PSPDB before tree data for the measurement can be entered Therefore in a typical data import session the user has an import file of PLOTS YR data containing a record for each plot for which tree data will be entered JB E 4C Optians 10300 1985 ad Will Tull s YIMO Cut 0302 0 0 1 0305 0306 0308 13 Wis Planlaliuns Reuven Ihin Moacurament Year YYYY i4 Cance Continue uel Curlinu Validate the tree data for each plot type As the field measurement and recording of tree data are prone to errors extensive validation checking is performed before any data can be included in PSPDB Appendix IV Step 5 below runs these checks automatically to prevent entry of invalid data and the button labeled Check tree data check only gives the user the option of running these checks without the validated data being added to the system The dialog box above C prompts the user to select the plot type and year being im ported Tree data must be organized into separate import files by plot type and year For example after data are collected for 1998 the user would create one import file for plantation plots measured one for thinning plots measured and so on e g plant98 dat thin98 dat yimo98 dat regen98 dat ut98 dat The output from performing this step on an import file is a clean d at file containing
46. es the number of PSPs per landbase FUNA was less in measurements 2 or 3 than in the initial measurement because plots were lost to wildfire or cutting Measurement 4 has only been completed for a subset of plots UJ N Most analyzed PSPs were in softwood stands 464 SPBF and 199 BFSP but 192 were in mixedwood and 314 in hardwood stands Merchantable vol ume in measurement 3 averaged 181 and 198 m ha for SPBF on Crown and small freehold respec tively Similar Crown and small freehold values for BFSP were 207 and 167 m ha and for TOHW were 186 and 144 m ha In total there were 136 classes 17 landbases X 8 FUNAs in Table 12 Sixteen classes had no data i e there were no PSPs in that FUNA on that landbase Of the re maining 120 classes 22 18 3 declined in vol ume from measurement period 1 to 3 and the rest increased in volume Figure 12 presents changes in merchantable vol ume as a function of stand age for one FUNA se lected from each landbase These PSP yield curve segments nicely show the variability in both vol ume and volume increment between measure ments for plots within a given class Of particular note is the direction slope of curve segments of plots i e whether individual PSPs are increas ing stable or decreasing in volume These data are valuable both for calibrating stand growth mod els and for validating yield curves used in man agement plans We have identified several in
47. es les plans d am nagemet forestier sont fond s La base de donn es sur les placettes d chantillonnage permanentes PSPDB est un syst me de gestion des donn es et de rapports L utilisation de l application Microsoft Access facilite l acc s aux donn es brutes et permet de les transformer en information au moyen de calculs significatifs int gr s et d une interface utilisateur graphique IUG souple La PSPDB est mise jour tous les ans partir de nouvelles donn es de mesurage fournies par le MRN NB et on peut la t l charger par l interm diaire d internet Le pr sent rapport donne un aper u du pro gramme coop ratif n o brunswickois des PEP de la structure de la base de donn es et de la fonctionnalit de la PSPDB et il contient les in structions d installation requises ainsi qu un tutoriel On y pr sente les r sultats de calculs s lectionn s qui ont t effectu s au moyen du syst me pour d terminer certaines valeurs dont le volume l accroissement p riodique moyen et la mortalit p riodique par aire g ographique con cessions de la Couronne et terrains forestiers re levant des offices de commercialisation et par classe d essences foresti res New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table of Contents POS Le ee E E A A A E E IE im NETTER 3 A ee Li 0010 U 01110 n e T OE TESTER 7 2 Obtaining and Installing the Software
48. ge gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS FunInterp spbf Species Current Defoliation Trees ha bF 06 20 355 21 40 175 41 60 55 61 80 55 Species Total 640 06 20 130 21 40 10 41 60 5 Species Total 145 D2 Diameter Distribution by Species and Year per Plot 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Plot Year Species Diameter Class Trees ha 4021 1989 bF 4 6 50 6 8 175 8 10 100 10 12 100 12 14 50 14 16 175 16 18 45 18 20 25 20 22 100 22 24 25 24 26 125 26 28 25 28 30 25 Species Total 1050 4 6 50 8 10 50 10 12 25 Species Total 125 10 12 25 Species Total 25 Year Total 1200 Figure 4 Contd 2 3 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database D4 Dead Trees and Their Causes by Plot 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Plot Year Species Cause Average DBH cm Dead Trees ha 4032 1990 bF Insect damage 11 8 50 Windthrow 20 2 25 Year Total 75 4032 1993 bF Overmature 13 7 25 Windthrow 16 9 50 rS Windthrow 26 3 25 Year Total 100 Plot Total 175 D9 Cause of Death Distribution by Species and Year per Plot 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot
49. hins SW IH TH Plants BS WS JP YIMOs SPBF BFSP PINE PSSP OTSW SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH THSP IHSP IHBF IHBF TOHW THIH INHW IHTH blank R Y I MO C B F numeric gt 0 L M H See LookUp_sr table in Appendix III See LookUp_tu table in Appendix III No checking done See LookUp_soil table in Appendix Ill See LookUp_drainage table in Appendix III numeric 1 7 numeric 1 10 Eco District Eco Section combination must exist in the Eco District Section lookup table in PSPDB numeric 1 9 m S h c l b t blank lower case numeric Plants and Thins 10 blank C PBR LM N F numeric 81 85 or 93 numeric 500 599 numeric gt 1 Cuts numeric lt 100 and gt 0 Plants 196 or 200 Regens 50 60 80 100 or 125 Thins or YIMOs 400 numeric 1 31 99 numeric 1 12 99 numeric gt 85 numeric gt 78 0 56 Valid codes for the PLOTS_YR data table Field Name Valid Data Plot numeric gt 0 Year numeric gt 85 meas gt 0 Agency DNR LIC MKB L amp D Remeasurement Year numeric gt Year or 0 NN Funa Dev Stage P JP WS BS Other Dev Stages SPBF BFSP PINE PSSP SPIH OTSW SPTH BFTH BFIH THBF IHBF THSP IHSP TOHW THIH INHW IHTH Dev Stage blank R Y M O C P T Valid codes for the PLANT tree planta tion and CUT tree cutover data tables Field Name Valid Data Plot numeric gt 0 Treenum numeric bla
50. his formula gives equal weight to each selected plot even if the plot sizes are different General formula for basal area of a tree is BP with r dbh 2 Average current and average cumulative defoliation 26 1 Convert the defoliation class to class midpoint 96 for each tree 2 G defol no of trees Average crown ratio 96 1 Convert CR class into class midpoint 96 for each tree 2 G cr no of trees
51. ical to those in plantations Table 4 including the collection of individual tree positional information In PSPDB these data are in the CUT tree table Additional sampling infor mation is available in Dunlap 1989 3 1 4 Precommercial Thinnings The objective for PSPs in thinnings was to deter mine tree growth rates and stand yields for the predominant precommercially thinned stand types on each license Dunlap 1989 If possible the thinnings to be sampled were distributed through out the license One plot per thinned area was generally the rule However if the thinned area was large or if obvious differences in site productivity or species composition existed this warranted two plots for the area The plots were circular with a radius of 11 3 m The growth measurements and risk assessments collected were identical to those in the regenerat ing natural stands and are described in Table 5 In PSPDB thinned plot data are in the THIN tree New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 5 Description of variables in the THIN tree and REGEN tree tables con taining individual tree data for thinned plots and young regenerating plots respectively Field Name Description plot Plot number treenum Tree number meas Measurement number i e each time a tree is remeasured this number is incremented species Tree species origin Origin of the tree i e planted sprout or fork etc quarter Division of the plot b
52. ick Marketing Board 39 Southern New Brunswick Marketing Board Itbh Wound below breast height blank No wound is present below breast height 1 Wound extends below or is situated below breast height microsite Soil composition where tree is planted 1 LFH layer intact Mixture of organic and mineral soil BMS bare mineral soil exposed Relatively level ground Top of mound Bottom of depression Planted Natural seedling single stemmed or sucker Stump sprout Residual Layering Cutover Immature Mature Overmature Regenerating Young Plot Type The PSPDB plot type identifies the tree table C Cut Plantation Regen Thin Young immature mature or overmature NE quarter SE quarter SW quarter NW quarter COIGOU z u leaderda Current leader damage N in D 3 x lean Tree leaning License Ownership OONOUPWD RUWOD microtop Topography where tree is planted origin Origin of tree P1DS Primary development stage of plot lt DOZ OU SU NET UN quarter Division of plot into 4 equal parts BON Z HT Prod Not used region NBDNRE Region NBDNRE Region 1 NBDNRE Region 2 NBDNRE Region 3 ND 53 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Field Name Description roots Damage to roots Site Region Subdivision of Province Soil Mapped soil type Code blank SOONDOUIPOD COINMUPZUO 54 Code Description NBDNRE Region 4 NBDNRE Region 5 No damage Insect budworm etc Disease fungus rust galls etc
53. ick Permanent Sample Plot Database 1 n iSt The Look up Tables dialog box in PSPDB Figure 7 shows a screen shot of this window with the tables list active and the PLOTS table selected Opening a table causes its contents to be dis played with labelled columns representing its fields Notice that in addition to tables other Ac cess objects like queries and reports may be reached through this window Working with tables and other objects is described in the Access printed user documentation and the online help system m Access Database window from PSPDB with the Plots table selected 21 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 4 8 Adding a Table Some users may want to customize the PSPDB by adding their own data The best way to do this is to create a separate linked database file mdb so added data will be preserved in the event of an upgrade to PSPDB The steps below provide an overview of how to do this but the user should consult the Access documentation for a complete description g Q Q Select File New Database to add a new blank database Place it in the same directory as the PSPDB Under the Tables tab in the database window click the New button Choose Design View in the dialog box that follows Enter the names of the fields and their data types Save the table File Save and exit De sign View Q g Click the Open button in the database win dow to begin entering data into the
54. ine in the other period Plots k and declined from 166 to 57 and from 205 to 122 m ha in period 1 be cause of 39 and 23 m ha yr of mortality but then showed moderate recovery 2 5 m ha yr in pe riod 2 It is clear that many of the NB PSPs are old enough that volume is relatively stable except when heavy mortality results in overall declines Many ofthe small freehold marketing board PSPs tended to be in younger stands than Crown PSPs Figure 12 This reflects the relative ages of for est on different ownerships Plot m INHW in the Southeastern NB Marketing Board increased by 10 11 m ha yr in both periods 1 and 2 and sus tained only 0 3 1 1 m ha yr of mortality 6 2 Periodic Volume Increment Table 13 summarizes mean PAI by FUNA for the ten Crown licenses and seven marketing boards The range of PAI for classes that had at least five PSPs was from 6 4 m ha yr SPBF on the Upsalquitch License to 7 4 m ha yr SPBF on the Carleton Victoria Marketing Board Overall 3396 of the SPBF and BFSP classes had negative PAI compared with 23 of mixedwood classes and 18 of hardwood classes Table 13 PAI is a good overall indicator of the growth rates of forest in New Brunswick It is evident that much of the fir forest especially in northern NB has turned the corner and is starting to decline in volume negative period 3 PAI values for the Upsalquitch Nepisiguit Upper Miramichi Kent Queens Charlotte Fundy York a
55. l plots are not as important here as the illustration of the value of data residing in the PSPDB in analyzing stand development patterns PSPDB facilitates the use of this valuable data set for a variety of growth and yield analyses Such analyses ultimately de termine the sustainability of forests in New Bruns wick New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 12 Mean merchantable volume from permanent sample plots by forest unit for ten Crown licenses and seven small freehold marketing board areas in New Brunswick Number of plots per forest unit and landbase is shown in parentheses Htm A a a Crown license or Mean volume by forest unit and landbase m ha marketing board Meas SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW 1 Upsalquitch 1 185 14 197 36 201 2 159 1 166 4 153 3 168 14 148 12 2 186 14 202 36 182 2 162 1 167 4 170 8 171 13 153 12 3 186 10 204 30 173 1 181 3 174 3 178 9 164 7 4 172 7 200 29 176 1 164 2 161 1 182 5 196 1 2 Nepisiguit 1 171 21 216 26 155 1 186 4 206 1 163 9 174 6 2 177 21 217 26 170 1 174 4 214 1 169 9 185 6 3 182 21 208 24 181 1 178 4 217 1 172 9 191 6 4 216 6 204 12 gt 188 8 211 1 177 8 195 4 8 Lower Miramichi 1 161 50 244 4 167 4 221 1 171 2 180 7 2 160 50 253 4 181 4 217 1 183 2 176 7 3 165 46 267
56. lay only the first 6 out of 21 plots New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database A Total Merchantable Volume by Age per Plot 300 250 200 Merch Volume 440 imma 100 sas BOBS T 37036 37047 100 om ST OFS Stand Age yaars B Volume by Year per Plot H1 4ug 95 PLOTS Eco District 22 Plot Your Stand Age Merch Volume m hu 7014 1987 85 145 8 1520 RK 156 6 1993 ol 156 4 1997 95 158 3 1988 b 2324 1941 69 287 1 927 73 274 4 1988 ao 221 5 1491 92 241 5 1996 97 255 3 1URA 74 187 1991 7 2113 1996 2 238 7 7198 TORR A 64 9 1996 4 109 8 BUCH 1987 2543 1350 264 2 1903 274 0 1996 275 4 Figure 10 Sample chart A and report B from the tutorial example showing merchantable volume versus age for 21 PSPs The query involved all PSPs in Ecodistrict 22 Nashwaak River The report B shown above includes only the first 6 out of 21 plots 31 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot abaisse LaLaDase 6 Analysis of NB Cooperative PSP Data The NB Cooperative PSP Database contains a wealth of data on development of forest stands in New Brunswick Since 1987 2499 PSPs have been measured on a 3 or 5 year cycle providing some 497 000 tree measurement records We expect that individual users will be interested in data for specific geographic areas stand types treatments etc PSPDB allows easy queries and reporting To demonstrate the value of these data we have included analy
57. m number of planted trees required is 1500 stems ha and the maximum number of softwood trees allowed is 3825 stems ha in these 14 x 14 m plots The ma jority of the softwoods must be free to grow i e Li not overtopped by hardwood species Additional sampling information is available in Dunlap 1989 Individual tree data from plantations are recorded in the PSPDB PLANT tree table Variables meas ured in plantations and natural cutovers are iden tical and are described in Table 4 3 1 3 Cutovers Young cutover sampling was directed toward 5 to 8 year old stands of various species compositions and density conditions Upshall 1989 For any one cutover the objective was to sample a minimum of 100 trees per cover type softwood softwood hardwood hardwood softwood or hardwood which may be either predominantly tolerant or in tolerant per density class low 10 000 29 999 medium 30 000 49 999 high 50 000 70 000 stems ha New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 4 Description of variables in the PLANT tree and CUT tree tables contain ing individual tree data for young plantation and cutover plots respec tively Field Name Description plot Plot number treenum Tree number meas Measurement number i e each time a tree is remeasured this number is incremented beginning with 1 for the first measurement species Tree species origin Origin of the tree i e planted sprout or fork etc row Row
58. manent Sample Plot Database 2 Obtaining and Installing the Software The system requirements for PSPDB include the following 486 PC Pentium recommended with Windows 95 or 98 16 MB memory 32 MB recommended Microsoft Access v 7 Office 95 or v 8 Office97 100 MB disk space for PSPDB files If you have Internet access PSPDB software and data can be downloaded via your web browser Direct your web browser to the CFS Atlantic For estry Centre homepage at hitn atl cis nrcan gc ca and look under the Downloads section To install PSPDB on your personal computer please folllow the instructions below note that Microsoft Access v 7 or v 8 must already be in stalled for PSPDB to run g Open Windows Explorer and locate the self extracting zip file that you downloaded g Double click the file to extract the PSPDB files g When prompted with the WinZip Self Extrac tor window enter the name of the directory in which to place the PSPDB files This directory will be created for you if it does not exist The default is c Npspdata g Once the files have been extracted double click on the pspapp mdb file containing charts reports and programs in Windows Expolorer or start Access and open pspapp madb This will start the PSPDB ap plication The first time the application is run a dialog box will appear requiring you to iden tify the location of the file pspdata mdb con taining the data tables This will not
59. ment month measurement year year treated Description Plot number Provincial map number on which the plot is located Stand number from NBDNRE geographic information system Provincial NBDNRE Region Ownership code licensee or private woodlot marketing board number Dominating species on the plot at establishment based on photo interpretation Primary development stage Age of the plot at establishment Density class of the plot at establishment L M H Subdivision of the province based on vegetation and soil information Site classification of the plot based on vegetation and soil information Not used Mapped soil type Soil drainage class Breakdown of the province into regions by climate elevation and proximity to the coast Breakdown of an ecoregion based on elevation slope terrain features and geomorphology Breakdown of an ecodistrict based on density and patterns of streams and geopmorphology Defined uniquely by ecodistrict based on elevation slope drainage and soil attributes Link to management prescription for managed stands Type of plot cutover plantation regenerating thinning or YIMO Photo number on which the plot appears Size of the plot m Date of plot establishment Month of plot establishment Year of plot establishment Year of silviculture treatment for managed stands Note a description of data codes and classes used for each variable is presented in Appendix III Table 8 Description
60. nd Carleton Li censes It is also evident that there is consider able variation among geographic areas within a given FUNA There should be close monitoring of the fit of yield curves used in management plan ning and Annual Allowable Cut AAC determina tion to empirical yields from PSPs as in Tables 12 and 13 and Figure 12 WW New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 6 3 Mortality Rates of mortality are of particular interest in ma ture and overmature stands because they largely determine PAI and rates of stand decline This is because survivor growth is relatively constant by this age rapid declines are invariably caused by heavy mortality Mortality is summarized by FUNA and landbase in Table 14 Periodic rates of mortality were high in many of the forest classes especially when it is recognized that they are expressed as annual rates m ha yr Mortality of SPBF and BFSP on Crown licenses averaged 4 5 and 3 9 m ha yr with respective ranges of 2 3 12 2 and 0 6 7 5 m ha yr Table 14 Mean values for the generally younger marketing board forests were 2 5 and 2 4 m ha yr for SPBF and BFSP Mortality was generally lower for mixedwood and hardwood stands but overall ranges were 0 3 19 1 and 0 6 16 0 m ha yr re spectively The high values of 19 1 and 16 0 m ha yr mortality were for single PSPs on the Fundy and Restigouche Tobique Licenses in periods 2 3 Table 14 The specifics of development of individua
61. need to be repeated unless pspdata mdb is moved to another directory g PSPDB is now ready to use 3 The New Brunswick Cooperative PSP Program NBDNRE and provincial Crown licensees together determined the level of sampling for each plottype in the NBPSP program In allocating the PSPs several factors were considered including uncer tainties that exist in yield forecasts a program tar get of 2500 PSPs an equitable distribution of plots in each license and marketing board area and replication of significant stand conditions Dunlap 1988 Within PSPDB there are seven primary data ta bles Table 1 Five tables contain individual tree information one table for each type of plot The other two tables contain plot level data one with static unchanging data and the second with data that change with each measurement e g meas urement year development stage Figure 1 shows the locations of the 2499 PSPs The entire landbase of the province is generally covered with the exception of some large free hold blocks and federal lands The methodology used in establishing and meas uring each plot varied depending on the develop ment stage of the stand The following sections briefly describe the sampling and data structure for each development stage Table 1 Description of the seven pri mary data tables used in PSPDB Stand Type or Data Table Age Class Name Data Type Young YIMO tree Tree Immature Mature Overma
62. nk gt 0 meas gt 0 Species numeric blank valid species code from list of plant species table Origin Plants 1 5 Cuts 2 5 Row Plants 1 7 Cuts 1 9 Yaxis Plants 0 140 increments of 10 Cuts 0 995 increments of 5 Xaxis Plants 0 20 Cuts 0 95 increments of 5 Dbh numeric 0 gt 3 1cm Hgt numeric gt 0 h1 numeric gt 0 h2 numeric gt 0 Cw numeric gt 0 Blc numeric gt 0 Microsite Origin 1 1 3 Origin 1 blank 0 Microtop Origin 1 L T B M Origin 1 blank Survival Y N M Buds blank I D M A P S H O U Curleader blank I D M A P S H O U Lateral blank I D M A P S H O U Foliage blank l D M A P S H O U Stem blank I D M A P S H O U Roots blank I D M A P S H O U sp1 sp4 numeric gt 0 hgt1 hgt4 numeric gt 0 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Valid codes for the YIMO tree data table Valid codes for the REGEN tree regen Field Name Valid Data tables Sie Uu Field Name Valid Data reenum numeric blank dbh gt 9 1 cm 1 Plot numeric gt 0 meas 1blank gt 0 Treenum numeric blank gt 0 Cause numeric blank Meas numeric gt 0 Dbh numeric 2blank gt 5 1cm Species numeric blank valid species treenum 1 gt 9 1cm code from list of plant species Estab Year 1987 gt 1 0cm T table Agecl Commercial species and dbh Origin Thins 1 5 gt 9 1 cm Y M O R Regens 2 5 non commercial species or dbh Quarter 1 4 lt 9 1cm blank blc species 11 hardwoods 0 Cr treen
63. nt Sample Plot Database Table 14 Continued Crown license or Meas Mean mortality by forest unit and landbase m ha yr marketing board period SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW 37 Y S C 1 2 2 0 11 43 3 23 3 07 3 21 8 23 2 27 12 34 9 2 3 2 5 4 1 5 2 12 1 22 3 28 1 81 42 9 3 4 74 1 sss un zu ide sues sees zu 38 S N B 1 2 18 17 23 2 6 8 20 5 27 1 32 4 28 0 12 1 2 3 2 8 4 28 1 7 3 1 non 19 1 3 2 2 3 4 sss u ass as sees sss 39 S E N B 1 2 2 5 12 05 1 35 1 03 1 1 6 6 2 5 11 2 3 17 7 07 1 04 1 06 1 2 4 2 2 5 5 3 4 s sie sss ee s ee 9 Species abbreviations for forest units SP spruce BF balsam fir TH or TOHW tolerant hardwood IH or INHW intolerant hardwood p Measurements were generally conducted from 1987 1990 1 1990 1993 2 1993 1996 3 and 1997 4 for mature and overmature plots 3 yr remeasurement and generally from 1987 1990 1 1992 1995 2 and 1997 3 for young and immature plots 5 yr remeasurement Mortality was calculated from measurement 1 to 2 1 2 and from 2 to 3 2 3 Marketing boards Y S C York Sunbury Charlotte S N B Southern New Brunswick S E N B Southeastern New Brunswick 42 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 7 Acknowledgements Development of PSPDB has been financially sup ported by the N B Forest Research Advisory Committee
64. nt Sample Plot Procedure Manual for Young Cutovers 4 to 8 years old Prepared June 5 1989 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Appendix Il Tree Height and Volume Calculations Height and volume are calculated for all commercial species trees greater than 9 cm dbh in YIMO plots Tree species and plot location License code are used to select the appropriate equation calibrated from height and diameter samples collected during the establishment of YIMO plots to estimate tree height m and volume m These estimates are stored with each tree measurement record in the database Program flow for calculations of height and volume YIMO tree Species Genus look up License Species Group Equation number look up equation coefficient A and coefficient B There are no height or volume calculations made for trees with a dbh less than 91 mm If the dbh of the tree is greater than or equal to 91 mm then the species number is used to find the Genus code in the Species Genus look up table and the plot number is used to find the License number in the PLOTS table The Genus code obtained from the Species Genus look up table and the License number obtained from the PLOTS table are used in the Genus look up table to find the Species Group The Species Group obtained from the Genus look up table is used in the Equation number look up table p 49 to find the equation coefficien
65. ntable volume by age per plot X B5 X Average piece size by age per plot X B6 Stand density by age per plot X X X B7 Average diameter by age per plot X X X B8 Stand basal area by age per plot X C By species per C1 Merchantable volume by species per measurement X measurement C2 Average stand density by species per measurement X X X C3 Average diameter by species per measurement X X X C4 Stand basal area by species per measurement X D Per plot D1 Periodic merchantable volume increment per plot X D2 Merchantable volume by plot X D3 Stand density per plot X X X D4 Average diameter per plot X X X D5 Stand basal area per plot X D6 Cause of death by plot X E Distributions E1 Diameter distribution X X X E2 Cause of death distribution X E3 Cause of death distribution by species X E4 Current defoliation distribution x X E5 Cumulative defoliation distribution X X E6 Percent survival by basal area X 19 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database A1 By measurement chart B2 By age per plot chart Mean Annual Merchantable Periodic Survivor Growth by Age Volume Increment 3 0 6 2 5 5 Merch 2 0 Merch 4 Volume 1 5 Volume 3 m ha yr 1 0 mP ha yr 2 0 5 1 0 0 0 50 100 150 Measurement Stand Age years C3 By species per measurement chart D2 Per plot chart Average Diameter by Merchantable Volume by Plot Species per Measurement 30 AA es IDTE E T 204 Fe H2
66. oduct or the online help system accessible from its Help menu New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database 44 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database APPENDICES 45 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Appendix List of Procedure Manuals for the NB Cooperative PSP Program The following documents specify the operational procedures used by field crews to establish and measure the Cooperative PSPs They are available from John Upshall of the New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources and Energy NBDNRE Forest Management Branch in Fredericton Young Immature Mature and Overmature Development Stages Permanent Sample Plot Procedure Manual Revised April 11 1989 Young Immature Mature and Overmature Development Stages Permanent Sample Plot PSP Remeasurement Manual Revised August 1996 Guidelines and Procedures for Establishing a PSP in the Rengenerating Stage R Plot Prepared April 27 1989 Guidelines for Establishing Measuring a PSP in a Pre commercially Thinned Stand T Plot Prepared June 8 1989 Regeneration and Thinning Permanent Sample Plot PSP Remeasurement Manual Revised May 22 1997 Permanent Sample Plot Procedure Manual for Young Plantations 4 to 8 years old Revised May 5 1989 Plantation Permanent Sample Plot Remeasurement Manual Revised May 22 1997 Permanent Sample Plot Procedure Manual for Young Cutovers 4 to 8 years old Prepared June 5 1989 Permane
67. ofthe PSPDB application as described be low har bnin Displays the data that are represented by the chart These data show the results of all calculations and manipulations that were applied to the user specified query to gener ate the chart It serves as a starting point al lowing a user to drill down into the chart to investigate how the results were obtained and what plot and tree measurement data were used Tracing back further into the generation of a report or chart requires more than a nov ice level of expertise in Access but is certainly within the reach of users willing to soend some time learning its more advanced capabilities Displays a report that relates to the currently displayed chart This feature provides a link from charts to reports that may be help ful in detailing the contents of some charts Shows what the chart will look like when printed lew uery Displays a portion of the SQL state ment for the query used in the generation of the chart This indicates the selection criteria albeit in a somewhat cryptic form and shows where the data came from An example is YIMO tree plot lt 1010 This statement specifies that all trees from the YIMO tree table with a plot number less than 1010 be included in the chart This is the statement in Access that is produced inter nally when the user constructs a query with the query builder Note that the SQL query statement is displayed on the
68. ontains the necessary PSPDB data tables 2 Import plot establishment data When a plot is established several attributes are recorded that do not change over time These data are loaded into the PLOTS table Section 3 2 using the button labeled Import PLOTS data CA This is used initially to build PLOTS or in the case of making corrections to replace the contents of PLOTS with a new version PLOTS cannot be updated on a record by record basis rather its contents are completely New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database replaced if any corrections are necessary Validation checking is performed before any of the data can be included in PSPDB Applendix IV Before replacing the table a dialog box is displayed to remind the user that the table being imported is replacing the PLOTS table A PLOTS record must exist in PSPDB before PLOTS_YR or tree data can be imported Import periodic plot level data Each time the trees in a plot are measured a set of plot specific attributes are recorded and stored in the PLOTS_YR table in PSPDB Section 3 2 These periodic data are loaded into the system using the button labeled Import PLOTS_YR data Validation checking is performed before the data can be included in PSPDB Appendix IV Import also checks to see if a PLOTS YH record already exists for each Plot and Year combination in the file being imported If any are found they are displayed in a dialog box see B below prompting the user to eith
69. or est unit for ten Crown licenses and several small freehold marketing board areas in New Brunswick Number of plots per forest unit and landbase is shown in parentheses RE Sr ee EP RE SE RE a ON NN Rc EE Crown license or Meas Mean mortality by forest unit and landbase m ha yr marketing board period SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW INHW dis 10 33 34 35 36 Upsalquitch 1 2 3 8 14 4 0 33 85 2 29 1 112 2 65 2 27 9 3 7 10 2 3 83 8 6 4 29 4 8 3 4 2 3 2 8 8 3 9 6 3 4 9 8 8 6 4 27 m 32 1 9 7 2 66 1 64 4 20 1 Nepisiguit 1 2 2 7 19 4 3 25 1 3 1 86 4 46 1 51 4 3 1 6 2 3 3 2 14 7 1 21 05 1 5 0 4 28 1 38 6 35 6 3 4 4 8 5 6 4 11 5 7 2 54 1 3 4 6 40 4 Lower Miramichi 1 2 44 43 1 6 4 20 3 69 1 1 4 2 6 5 7 2 3 2 8 34 0 8 3 0 9 2 u u 2 1 5 3 4 2 6 11 12 1 Upper Miramichi 1 2 3 6 27 6 2 14 32 1 26 3 48 1 2 9 4 57 2 2 3 3 7 21 5 4 14 54 1 48 3 11 7 1 3 4 12 2 1 Kent 1 2 4 7 21 6 1 1 3 4 3 3 9 13 2 3 3 9 17 u 1 5 2 u u 33 5 3 4 3 1 11 u oor ooo u u 5 0 5 Queens Charlotte 1 2 3 5 81 26 5 37 6 15 4 2 1 3 1 9 4 2 3 3 1 26 38 3 36 5 1 8 8 0 6 1 1 8 2 3 4 4 0 17 27 4 129 2 32 1
70. p 4 The user should correct the problems and re check the corrected import file Importing less than the full complement of records for a plot measure ment would result in incomplete and misleading data in the database and should be avoided In other words do not import any records for a plot and measurement until all records for it pass the validation checks 62 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Appendix VI Formulae Used in Report and Chart Calculations Tree level measures Average dbh cm 10 i represents the set of selected trees nis the quantity of trees selected Note dbh is in millimeters Tree volume m tree vol see Appendix II Note uses species specific equations based on dbh and height Total tree volume m Dijtree_vol where i represents the set of selected trees Average tree volume m Zjtree_ vol E n i represents the set of selected trees n is the quantity of trees selected Tree growth m tree growth tree vol tree volt4 where tis a particular measurement t 1 is the previous measurement Average height m Zihgt where n i represents the set of selected trees nis the quantity of trees selected Stand level measures Stand density trees ha n censiy plotsize n is the quantity of trees selected plotsize is the size of the plot in hectares ES ee Latapase New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Average stand density
71. rces for the query In Figure 5 the YIMO tree and PLOTS data tables Table 1 are used They were displayed in the upper pane by clicking the right mouse button in the pane selecting Add Table from the menu and selecting them from the list of tables that exist The query selection form in PSPDB N New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Columns of the grid represent data fields used in the query Each row of the grid rep resents a characteristic of the fields that can be used to precisely define the query The Criteria row contains selection crite ria for fields The criteria used in the above example indicate that the user wants to dis play only those plots from Region 5 in the database Other tables of data can be added to the query builder in the same way Fields from the tables can be used to further specify selection criteria Any field can be added to the query by clicking on its name and dragging it to an empty column on the bottom half of the query builder or by simply double clicking the field to be included This is how the contents of the columns in Figure 5 were cre ated Each column of the grid on the bottom half of the query builder represents a field used in the query Each row of the grid represents a characteristic of the field for the active query These include the field name the table to which it be longs whether the field is sorted whether it should be included in
72. re Manuals for the N B Cooperative PSP Program 46 Appendix II Tree Height and Volume Calculations a 47 Appendix Ill Field Names Codes and Code Descriptions Used in PSPDB 50 Appendix Data Validation C YeCKS sete cseassacexeszcsatanasteaeceessoasscesabssneseaaseaeansazetanaaberisastacedensnaaaseenee 58 Appendix V The PSPDB Import Program 00senseneennnennnnnnennennnnnnn 60 Appendix VI Formulae Used in Report and Chart Calculations sss 64 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot 1 Introduction A permanent sample plot PSP is a specific loca tion in a forest stand where characteristics of the stand and its vegetation are measured at periodic intervals It provides a chronicle of how trees are changing over time and can be used to represent the development of stands with similar character istics Currently there are over 1 5 milllion invested in the establishment and remeasurement of PSPs by the New Brunswick Department of Natural Re sources amp Energy NBDNRE and eight forest product companies in New Brunswick The NB Cooperative PSP program initiated in 1987 Wang et al 1986 includes approximately 2500 PSPs located throughout the province se lected to be representative of the entire provincial forest Crews from NBDNRE and forest products companies carry out the fi
73. rmature Table 2 presents the age class range years for each development stage and species Dunlap 1989 and Upshall 1990 provided de tailed information on plot establishment proce dures Appendix lists the procedure manuals for the PSP program In the young Y immature I mature M and overmature O development stages sampling is carried out on a 400 m circular plot All live trees greater than 5 1 cm diameter at breast height dbh are included except for alder and mountain ma ple Note trees greater than 1 0 cm were also included for plots established in 1987 only Upon remeasurement any additional trees that have grown to meet these criteria are also included in the plot Recent mortality i e trees dead within the past 5 years is evaluated for spruce jack pine and balsam fir greater than 9 0 cm dbh Individual tree variables measured in the YIMO plots are presented in Table 3 In PSPDB these 10 data are in the Y MO tree table The actual tree measurements are divided into two parts Dunlap 1989 The first part consists of age class and height dbh sampling The age information is col lected from trees just outside the plot using incre ment cores taken from a minimum of two trees for each species age class to define the age classes present within the plot The field crew use these data to qualitatively categorize each individual stem within the plot for age class Height data are collected from trees
74. s urement data and periodically provide up to date versions This Appendix describes how the measurement data are loaded into PSPDB New data from plot remeasurements are added to the PSPDB using an external program called Import import exe This software can be obtained from NBDNRE if users wish to load cooperative PSP data themselves It uses the pspdata mdb file containing all of the PSPDB data and encapsulates the validation rules from the procedure manuals Dunlap 1989 as described in Appendix IV to ensure that all data in PSPDB meet these criteria Only valid data are added to the database Below is a description of how to use the Import program Data are typically added to PSPDB on an annual basis Several plots are remeasured in any given year and the recorded data are validated and added to the database Theoretically as more periodic measurements are done on a plot over time the data become more representative as indicators of forest condition and development Import also allows records in the database to be replaced with corrected data on a plot and measurement year basis A The following steps summarize the use of Import the order of the steps is important 1 Select the appropriate database Click on the database buttor to select the pspdata mdb file containing the data portion of the PSPDB system Use the subsequent dialog box to locate the file Import verifies that the file selected is a valid Access database and c
75. sis of a few measures of stand de velopment for the YIMO plots from 1987 97 in this report These were subdivided by geographic area ten Crown licenses and seven marketing board areas and by stand type selected Forest Units known as FUNAs including SPBF BFSP SPTH SPIH BFTH BFIH TOHW and INHW see de scription of FUNA codes in Appendix III Variables calculated for each FUNA and landbase included mean merchantable volume by measurement pe riod mean periodic volume increment and mean periodic mortality The rationale for selecting these three variables was that merchantable volume shows what is there the growing stock periodic annual increment PAI shows the rate and direc tion of change the interest on the growing stock and periodic mortality demonstrates the rate of decline or break up of stands 6 1 Mean Merchantable Volume Mean merchantable volume of the eight FUNAs for the 17 landbases and four measurement peri ods are summarized in Table 12 Y and plots were remeasured every 5 years while M and O plots were remeasured every 3 years A total of 1169 PSPs were represented in these eight FUNAs with 785 on Crown and 384 on small freehold land The number of PSPs per FUNA per landbase ranged from a maximum of 73 BFSP on the Restigouche Tobique License to nil or only 1 2 on some landbases For any License or marketing board the number of plots in a FUNA is generally in pro portion to its area In some cas
76. soil type amp drainage 2 Coniferous acidic valley slope or coarse textured deposit 2c Transitional coniferous calcareous steep slope 2h Sub boreal coniferous acidic high hills 2s Sub boreal coniferous steep valley slope 3 Coniferous wet acidic till plain 3b Bog 4 Dry mixedwood slope 4c Mixedwood steep calcareous slope 5 Coniferous or mixedwood moist slope 5c Mixed calcareous slope 5h Boreal or coastal coniferous high plateau 6 Coniferous or mixedwood wet till plain 6b Acadian wet bottomland 6c Coniferous or mixedwood wet calcareous till plain 6l Coniferous wet highly calcareous till plain 6t Coastal marsh 7 Mixedwood upper slope 7b Acadian moist bottomland T Mixedwood calcareous upper slope 71 Mixedwood highly calcareous upper slope 8 Hardwood ridge 8c Hardwood calcareous ridge 8l Hardwood highly calcareous ridge 9 Hardwood dry ridge or steep slope foliage Damage to foliage blank No damage Insect budworm etc D Disease fungus rust galls etc M Mechanical snow ice frost damage A Animal rabbit mice porcupine deer etc P Poor planting technique J root balled roots S Poor microsite H Herbicide O Other U Unknown funa Predominant species SPBF Spruce balsam fir assessed from ground data BFSP Balsam fir spruce PINE Pine PSSP Poor site spruce OTSW Other softwood SPTH Spruce tolerant hardwood SPIH Spruce intolerant hardwood BFTH Balsam fir tolerant hardwood BFIH Balsam fir intolerant hardwood THSP Tolerant har
77. specify Eco District 22 in our query scroll down the list of fields in PLOTS to find Eco District and double click it Figure 8 Notice that it has been added to the lower pane of the query window Figure 8 Now we can use it in our query On the Criteria line in the Eco District col umn type 22 Figure 8 In PSPDB v1 0 this will select 21 plots Click the Save Query button item in Figure 2 to close and save the query This saves the selection criteria so that the query may be reused without recreating it when the next chart or report is run Whenever a new plot type is chosen the selection criteria in the query builder will be reset to the defaults for that plot type W The Show Table window wiith the PLOTS table selected 10 Click the Run button item in Figure 2 11 to display the chart It will take several sec onds to run the length of time depending on the database size and computer speed The resulting chart is shown in Figure 10A After viewing the chart click the Close Chart button Glose Char to close it and return to the interface To generate a sample report for similar data fol low the above steps but in step 2 select By Year per Plot from the Reports group in step 4 select the report Volume by Year per Plot and in step 9 click on the Exit button located in the upper left hand corner of the report to close it The resulting report is shown in Figure 10b which was truncated to disp
78. t A and coefficient B values The equation coefficient A and coefficient B values obtained from the Equation number look up table are used in the height and volume calculations 47 Height Calculation If equation 1 Height 1 37 a Bx a 10 10 If equation 2 Height 1 0JA Bxlog or If equation 3 dbh Height A Bx loge 7 If equation 4 B Ar dbh Height 10 If equation 5 dbh Height 1 37 104 BXlogi s Volume Calculation Softwood 65 Volume 0 000079442 x noms Heighi099 x 0 9465 0 8169x x f i zx Hardwood 2 0 0043891x a x 1 0 04365x0 145 Total 1 046 0 3048 x _ Height x3 49 Ara 0 15 dbh Height 2 E x 1 0 04365x 0 145 Volume Total x 0 9057 0 0708 x X3 L 0 8375 x x3 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Equation Number Look Up Table License or Species Equation Genus marketing board group no Coefficient A Coefficient B Spruce 10 1 2 0 333785 0 609209 Spruce 1 2 2 0 449349 0 52849 Spruce 2 3 1 0 913854 0 01171 Spruce 3 4 3 7 292194 16 678911 Spruce 4 5 3 6 064905 15 381261 Spruce 5 6 3 6 872705 16 715532 Spruce 6 7 3 4 615277 14 586294 Spruce 7 8 3 10 732867 20 064692 Spruce 8 9 4 1 400998 4 282661 Spruce 9 10 3 11 167757 19 667805 Fir 10 11 3 9 5192 18 584255 Fir 1 12 3 8 02777 17 241755 Fir 2 13 2 0 34867 0 631581 Fir 3 14 4 1 383176 4 189598 Fir 4 15 1 0 813211 0 012245 Fir 5 16 2 0 354
79. t Database A1 Periodic Annual Volume Increment by Plot 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Merch Volume Plot m ha 4021 4 5889 4032 0 1407 4034 2 7254 4036 4 3000 4041 5 7959 Average Volume 1 7902 m ha A2 Current Defoliation Distribution 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Plot Current Defoliation Trees ha 4021 06 20 200 4032 06 20 400 21 40 25 4034 06 20 500 21 40 525 41 60 75 61 80 50 4036 06 20 425 B4 Volume by Year per Plot 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4040 AND PLOTS Estab Age gt 50 And PLOTS Estab Age lt 80 AND PLOTS License 4 AND PLOTS Funalnterp spbf Merch Volume Plot Year Stand Age m ha 4021 1989 62 139 2 1992 65 151 0 1995 68 157 2 4032 1987 64 174 8 1990 67 187 0 1993 70 197 2 4034 1987 64 209 3 1990 67 221 6 1993 70 228 1 Average Volume 200 9876 m ha Figure 4 Examples of report types available in PSPDB 22 New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database C1 Current Defoliation by Species 21 Apr 98 YIMO tree plot gt 4020 And YIMO tree plot lt 4042 AND PLOTS Estab A
80. tabase entire database In this case a promptis displayed allowing continuation with the entire database or cancellation of the chart report Generating charts and reports based on the entire database almost 500 000 records can take several hours to com plete The look up button item opens a dialog box allowing the user to obtain more information about any field in the database For example if a user selects species from the drop down list in the Look Up Tables window a listing of all species codes and their meanings is displayed This can be used to find out what values or codes are used for a particular field in the database Item starts the online help system which illustrates how to per form tasks in PSPDB such as generating a report or chart and also explains the forms dialog boxes and buttons making up the user interface 4 2 Available Charts Table 10 lists the 33 charts in PSPDB arranged in five groups and indicates which charts are avail able for each type of plot Group A includes a set 28 of nine vertical bar charts showing volume growth mortality density piece size and basal area for each successive measurement Chart A1 in Fig ure 3 shows an example of Mean Annual Incre ment MAI by measurement Group B depicts the same variables stratified by age per plot in the form of line graphs with one line per plot Chart B2 in Figure 3 presents Periodic Survivor Growth by Age per plot as an e
81. the output recordset it may be used for selection without being included in the result and an expression defining the selection criteria for the field The user simply clicks the mouse ina grid cell to get a drop down list of options to select New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database from or uses the keyboard to enter valid input into the cells In Figure 5 the first column YIMO tree is a spe cial case meaning that all of the fields in the YIMO tree table are kept in the query results This is part of the PSPDB application and is necessary so that reports and charts will function properly 4 5 Chart Report View When a chart or report is run the result is dis played in a view From there the user has several options depending upon the chart or report view Chart and report formats are shown in Figures 3 and 4 4 5 1 Reports A report view displays a print preview or what you see is what you get WYSIWYG version of the report a standard feature in Access From here the user may change the page layout of the report send it to a printer view it at various sizes or scales or export it to other applications such as Microsoft Word or Excel These and other Ac cess features are described in the Access hardcopy and online documentation 4 5 2 Charts A chart view displays the generated chart on a form with several buttons along the bottom These buttons give the user access to some useful fea tures
82. top of each chart when printed so that the selection criteria used to generate it are evident Closes the chart and returns to the PSPDB main form 4 6 The Look up Tables The look up table button item in Figure 2 allows the user to view the data codes and their descriptions for each field in the database When recording data a number is often used as a code to represent the actual data value For ex ample for cumulative defoliation the code 1 is used in PSPDB to represent 6 20 defoliation Figure 6 Look up tables are included in PSPDB to help the user find the proper code represent ing data to be used in selection criteria within the query builder To use the look up table select the field name from the drop down list in the look up table dialog box Figure 6 The description of that item is then displayed To close the look up table window click the Close button Appendix Ill of this report contains a complete list ing of variables names and descriptions code values and code descriptions used in PSPDB Figure 6 4 7 The Access Database Window The contents of all tables in PSPDB can be accessed directly using the Access Database win dow By default this window is hidden from the user but can be made visible by selecting Unhide in the Window menu on the menu bar This dis plays the Unhide Window with the pspapp Data base window selected Click the OK button to dis play it Figure 7 New Brunsw
83. ture Plantation PLANT tree Tree Cutover CUT tree Tree Regeneration REGEN tree Tree Thinning THIN tree Tree All plots PLOTS Plot static PLOTS_YR Plot dynamic New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Quebec Scale 1 6000000 0 100km Figure 1 Location of 2499 growth and yield PSPs in New Brunswick PSPs were measured from 1987 to 1998 on a 3 or 5 year cycle depending on plot type by NBDNRE and the forest industry New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 2 Age ranges years for each development stage by major species Young Immature Mature Overmature Species Y I M O Balsam fir 25 30 36 50 51 70 71 Red spruce 30 45 46 70 71 110 111 Black spruce 30 45 46 70 71 110 111 White spruce 20 40 41 60 61 110 111 White pine 30 50 51 90 91 160 161 Jack pine 20 40 41 70 71 110 111 Red pine 20 40 41 70 71 110 111 Eastern cedar 30 45 46 70 71 110 111 Eastern hemlock 30 50 51 90 91 140 141 Larch 20 45 46 70 71 110 111 Tolerant hardwoods 30 50 51 80 81 160 161 Intolerant hardwoods 20 35 36 50 51 70 71 Gray birch 15 25 26 40 41 50 51 3 1 PSPDB Data Structure Trees 3 1 1 Young Immature Mature and Overmature Stands YIMO Plots are included in this plot type if they meet criteria based on cover type i e softwood softwood hardwood hardwood softwood hard wood forest unit e g SPBF BFSP THIH and development stage i e young immature mature ove
84. um 1 no checking species 12 softwoods dbh lt 91 and cause 0 alive numeric 0 numeric 0 blank dbh numeric blank 0 or gt 3 1cm dbh gt 91 and cause 0 dead ht numeric 0 gt 1 numeric 1 0 blank swh1 numeric gt 0 blank cause 0 0 blank swh2 numeric gt 0 blank top blank 1 4 Top treenum 1 no checking type blank 1 3 blank 1 4 depth blank 1 3 Type treenum 1 no checking dim blank 1 5 blanki 19 Itbh blank 1 Depth treenum 1 no checking browse blank 1 4 Biens 8 lean blank 1 4 Dim treenum 1 no checking leadrdam blank 1 3 blank 1 5 i i P Ltbh treenum 1 no checking curpet NS peer blank species gt 5 blank conks ni ne han cumpct species 1 5 spruce or fir lean treenum 1 no checking blank 2 k blank 1 4 leaderdam treenum 1 no checking blank 1 3 curpct treenum 1 no checking blank 1 5 blank cumpct treenum 1 no checking species is 1 5 spruce or fir blank 1 5 blank thincr treenum 1 no checking species lt 12 softwood blank species gt 12 hardwood blank P Lat treenum 1 no checking species lt 12 softwood blank species gt 12 hardwood blank P Hgt dbh lt 91 or non comercial hardwood 1 gt 0 Vol dbh lt 91 or non comercial hardwood 1 gt 0 59 Appendix V The PSPDB Import Program The NB Department of Natural Resources and Energy will continually update the database with new mea
85. xample Group C contains charts for volume piece size density diameter and basal area by species for each successive measurement Charts in this cat egory take the form of grouped bars with meas urements grouped by species Figure 3 chart C3 Five horizontal bar charts showing volume growth density diameter and basal area by plot make up group D Chart D2 in Figure 3 illustrates this using a Merchantable Volume by Plot example The final group E contains distributions of diameter cause of death defoliation and survival in the form of horizontal bar charts like chart E3 in Figure 3 Users may design their own charts using functions available in Microsoft Access New Brunswick Permanent Sample Plot Database Table 10 List of charts available in PSPDB Chart type refers to the examples pre sented in Figure 3 Availability by Plot Type Plantations Thins amp Chart Group Type Chart Name YIMO amp Cuts Regens A By measurement Al Mean annual merchantable volume increment X A2 Periodic survivor growth X A3 Periodic mortality X A4 Periodic merchantable volume increment X A5 Total merchantable volume by measurement X A6 Piece size by measurement X A7 Stand density by measurement X X X A8 Average diameter by measurement X X X A9 Stand basal area by measurement X B By age per plot B1 Mean annual merchantable volume by increment X by plot B2 Periodic survivor growth by age X B3 Periodic mortality by age X B4 Total mercha

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