Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta
Contents
1. Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation e How the study tools relate and link to each other Section 3 e How to navigate the database Section 4 and e Typical practical applications Section 5 3 0 INTRODUCTION TO MORCOAR TOOLS The MORCOAR tools include e Alberta Road Safety Engineering Toolbox ARSET e Basic Application Guidance in Phase 2 Report e Detailed Application Guidance in Phase 2 Report and e Toolbox Tables in Phase 1 Report The deliverables have been prepared such that practitioners can systematically navigate only the materials needed but be directed to seek more information as required The tools include more information for the measures that are more effective and require more guidance The sequence in Figure 1 is suggested note slight variations in the sequence are proposed in Section 5 0 depending on the application In general users can work backwards proceeding from the measures themselves to the application guidance to the details of the measures As much information from the Phase 1 and 2 reports as practically possible was included in the electronic database to maximize the sortability and searchability functions Basic Detailed Toolbox User Guide E ARSET gt Application gt Application E Tables Guidance Guidance Phase 1 FIGURE 1 SUGGESTED SEQUENCE FOR REVIEW OF MORCOAR TOOLS For example for a user who has alre2. the first eight measures in the database for illustrative purposes November 2010 4 E ua 33 S o5 a o Su E an a lt c 6 4 c 2 a UO on U 5 o LT a O ua U O U a oo ET co 52 2t O oo SuoIsi 02 Aniu jje Jo pp 0Z suoisiJ 02 funfur pue e36j 1e jo pp SUOISI O9 E301 Jo 9591 suo 9asJajul psjejos Je O speos peeds Jaybiy uo o ajgejiene eje se2uejsip Bis pay asaym o 31119349 aow Be JAN seinsee j jeuonesado oes gz a ed z uonoas yoda z aseyd pezijeuBis paje ay uonosesieju sjaysey Bu 1101193S 3 ul SIULAPwY Transportation suoisi o2 Anfu je jo KEIL 968 a uey uojonpay uoisil o HvOOSOMN uoseaq Bulysey Jo uononpa DE qe paads uBis suoisijjo2 e uononpai EL Auo uBis suoisil oo YOY IIe 0E Ajuo ubis suoisijjoa uo peau JOINS GZ Ajuo ubis suoisijjoo Anfu pue je 72 je uonanpas 04 a amsa ul punoy suononpay uoisiljo2 uo2eaq Bulysey Jo pue sqe paads fuosi pe epnjour Aew subis suoneoidde je n pue uequn uoneai ddy ssanag Bui Ai oBeje bajens cg a ed EZ uonoas yoda z aseyd 1012907 yoday a pajejey paads za addy bajens suoisij o Peor yO Le addy Abans subis BuluJem anno souerpy sjnseeuusjuno November 2010 ions on Alberta Roads 1S User Guide ing Coll Methods of Reduc Government of Albe
3. Government of Alberta m Transportation METHODS OF REDUCING COLLISIONS ON ALBERTA ROADS USER GUIDE DRAFT NOVEMBER 2010 Government of Alberta m Transportation METHODS OF REDUCING COLLISIONS ON ALBERTA ROADS USER GUIDE DRAFT November 2010 Opus International Consultants Canada Limited 308 809 Manning Road N E Calgary AB T2E 7M9 Telephone 403 207 6000 Facsimile 403 207 6045 www opusinternational ca Our File F 00087 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The study on Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads was directed by a Steering Committee comprised of the following members Richard Chow Alberta Transportation Chair Bill Kenny Alberta Transportation Muhammad Imran Alberta Transportation Corinna Mulyk Alberta Transportation Alex Tahmazian City of Calgary Asif Iqbal City of Edmonton Ron Yanitski Strathcona County The study was conducted under the authority of the Engineering Committee of the Alberta Traffic Safety Plan Bill Kenny Alberta Transportation Chair Stu Becker Alberta Transportation Jeannette Espie Alberta Transportation Ron Yanitski Strathcona County Dr Tony Qiu Professor University of Alberta Asif Iqbal City of Edmonton Mavis Johnson Canadian Traffic Safety Institute Dr John Morrall Professor Emeritus University of Calgary Canadian Highways Ins
4. a Roads User Guide TABLE 2 COMMON ISSUES AND COLLISION PATTERNS FOR EACH OBJECTIVE AREA Objective Area Common Safety Issues Related Collision Patterns Types e Wide roadways e Rear end collisions Speed Related e Improper Speed Limits moe Galion Collisions e Driver aggression distraction en low volume e Inadequate adjustment transition vet e Run off road collisions e Failure to see stop sign Collisions at e Incorrect traffic control e Right angle collisions Unsignalized e Failure to accept an adequate gap e Left turn crossing collisions Intersections e Inadequate warning e High severity collisions e Sight distance glare Collisions at e Lane configuration Signalized e Inadequate signal conspicuity nenn collision Intersections e Signal phasing timing YP Vehicle Wildlife Inadequate fencing e Sana esr E Collisions e Inadequate warning e Rinatt fea ans e Seasonal collision patterns Collisions Along e Improper delineation e Rear end collisions Roadways e Road surface issues e Speed related collisions Links e Passing opportunities e Head on collisions nn e Single vehicle collisions Run Off Road dt a e Overturning collisions Collisions e Fati y e Secondary collisions oo haz rds e Collisions in winter Collisions e Lack of adequate facilities ilisians idik condi Involving e Insufficient illumination I ES UL meus Vulnerable Road e Intersection traffic control e Tape eee eee Jaywalking e O
5. ady identified a measure of interest such as Gateway Treatments November 2010 2 E Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation 1 Use ARSET to learn about the related strategies benefits and basic context 2 If it looks relevant visit the Basic Application Guidance to understand more about its benefits see a photo review the land use and speed context understand the extent of its use in Alberta and typical costs and benefits 3 If it looks good but more detail is needed to systematically justify its application visit the Detailed Application Guidance which contains several photo examples concept drawings descriptions of related studies and explicit discussion of human factors implications and some basic implementation guidance 4 The Toolbox Tables from Phase 1 contain more than 200 strategies and may be used if no appropriate strategies could be found in ARSET Some guidance on the selection of the appropriate measure which would precede the above three steps is provided in Section 5 0 4 0 ALBERTA ROAD SAFETY ENGINEERING TOOLBOX ARSET ARSET is a comprehensive database in MS Excel format containing information on the 77 measures considered to be the most applicable for the Alberta context This includes 33 highly effective measures HEMs and 44 other proper measures Detailed guidance was prepared in this study for 8 of the 33 HEMs The rows are colour co
6. ce is required the consultant or steering committee member can be contacted The extensive and appropriate use of the MORCOAR tools are strongly encouraged and expected to reduce traffic collisions in Alberta and other jurisdictions November 2010 10 Government of Alberta m Transportation opus
7. ded to indicate which of these three groups each measure belongs to and where further information can be viewed Red Top 77 e Only appear in Phase 1 Yellow Highly Effective e Phase 1 and Phase 2 Basic Application Guidelines Green Top 8 e Phase 1 Phase 2 Basic Application Guidelines and Phase 2 Detailed Application Guidelines Note that since the 33 highly effective measures were more closely analyzed than the other 44 the database contains additional fields and more information for these measures November 2010 3 E Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation The database fields are defined as follows More detailed definitions and assumptions are stated in the Phase 1 report TABLE 1 DATABASE FIELD DEFINITIONS DATABASE FIELD NAME DEFINITION Countermeasure Collision reduction measure Strategy Type 1 Primary objective area as defined by Alberta Transportation 7 possible areas Strategy Type 2 Another closely related objective area due to the inherent overlap in multiple objective areas Report Location Location in the Phase 1 or 2 report where more information can be found i e Phase 2 report location for Highly Effective Measures Phase 1 report location for other measures Application Very basic application guidance referring mostly to the measure s objective and applicability to the urban or rural en
8. delines should be reviewed Note the above step may be skipped by looking up the Detailed Application directly for Protected Only Left turn Phases in the Phase 2 table of contents evident from the green cells in ARSET After reviewing the detailed application guidelines if the strategy still seems appropriate the strategy may be considered If for some reason the strategy does not seem applicable the Top 77 sources red cells in ARSET may be reviewed Planning and Design MORCOAR tools can also be used in planning and design Planners and designers should build in as many of the highly effective measures as possible For example at a new signalized intersection measures such as left turn phasing signal back plates and pedestrian countdown signals should be implemented unless there are exceptional circumstances A similar approach can be taken during retrofit situations to incorporate as many of the high effective measures as is practicable At the planning and design stages the context sensitive guidance prepare for this study is particularly valuable since a collision history may not be established In addition the collision reduction factors CRFs and the benefit cost information can provide a good assessment of the available options and their associated benefits November 2010 9 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation 5 0 CONCLUSION If further guidan
9. ff road collisions For example an urban signalized intersection with positive offset left turn lanes is still experiencing numerous collisions due to left turning vehicles proceeding when it is unsafe left turn across path collisions Use ARSET first to view all signalized intersection collisions use the drop down menu in cell C1 and select Intersection Related Signalized From this list of 13 strategies there are November 2010 8 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation 5 strategies identified as Top 77 red cells 6 as Highly Effective yellow and 2 as Top 8 green Review the green strategies first to see if any apply to this situation The two strategies are positive offset left turn lanes and protected only left turn phase Since positive offset left turn lanes were already applied protected only left turn phase should be considered Review the information provided to determine if this strategy is applicable Row E of ARSET indicates the location in the Phase 2 report where the strategy is summarized Section 2 3 Basic Applications Page 29 Page 29 provides a summary of the strategy and indicates other locations to find additional information including the Detailed Application section of the Phase 2 report Section 3 5 After reviewing the one page summary the strategy still seems appropriate the detailed application gui
10. oviding solutions not on problem identification Problem identification is a critical step in road safety improvement activities As mentioned the strategy category defined by Opus may imply to some extent the issue that is attempting to be resolved For example if signal conspicuity is identified as an issue in a region or at a particular location then the signal conspicuity strategy category can be used to identify applicable measures Alternately an agency may be keen to implement pedestrian countdown signals due to their success in other jurisdictions and then screen its road network to find suitable locations In this instance the user can simply search for this measure in the countermeasure column and then be led to additional information and applicable guidance Operational Reviews However a more explicit review based on collision data if possible is usually required There are several tools available for this purpose including the TAC Canadian Guide to In Service Road Safety Reviews the AASHTO Highway Safety Manual and collision prediction models that have been developed or adopted by local road agencies Examples of common issues and collision patterns associated with each of the objective areas are summarized in TABLE 2 This table is intended to provide general guidance and is not exhaustive November 2010 7 E Government of Alberta Transportation Methods of Reducing Collisions on Albert
11. palities Counties and the Province This study entitled Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads abbreviated as MORCOAR is intended to help achieve the goals of Alberta Traffic Safety Plan The study was divided into two phases Phase 1 Development of Engineering Strategies and Measures Phase 2 Development of Application Guidelines and Implementation Strategy The key study deliverables are as follows e Phase 1 Final Report January 2010 e Phase 2 Final Report November 2010 e Alberta Road Safety Engineering Toolbox searchable database of top 77 measures 2 0 PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE The MORCOAR deliverables are intended for all those involved directly and indirectly in improving traffic safety in Alberta through engineering This includes but is not restricted to engineers planners constructers administrators and other decision makers in both the public and private sectors The purpose of this guide is to introduce the deliverables and tools generated by the MORCOAR project so that they can be effectively used towards decisions in support of reducing collisions in Alberta over the next several years Since an abundance of information was provided as part of the project this guide is intended to direct users to the right documents in a systematic and timely manner The various deliverables and tools will be used for different purposes This document provides specific information on November 2010 1 E
12. rta Transportation 7002 L60 FO LUHVMHS 0002 Aayy og siayse y 4 zenBupow A 10H pales M01 uBi uBid y IH y iH y IH 002 voneyodsues Jo jualupedag epuoj4 yuewanosduyy ayy e oidui 0 samseauaqunoo pue sJ0j2e 4 uonanpey Use epuo J jo ajepdn y zenBupow pue f ueys y ueg eoinos ejeJepo Buney eDueu eeu ubi sseuen2eg3 1509 pajoadx3 ejejepo ubi ssauar payg EJe Q pei2edx3 Suney Aypigeaiddy eueqiy ejeJepo Buney s1012e j uewny ejeJepo uonanpey Aqyeye J unfu psyuswnaog November 2010 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation 5 0 USER GUIDANCE FOR TYPICAL PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Network Screening Road agencies often screen their road networks to find e Collision patterns that need to be addressed or e Opportunities to implement proven measures For example a road agency might have a mandate to reduce pedestrian collisions then screen the network to find locations with concentrations of pedestrian collisions then select measures as appropriate In this instance the issues associated with the collision patterns should be identified prior to using the MORCOAR tools note in the absence of data or identified issues the strategy category in ARSET can be utilized to lead the user to the appropriate measure or measures Note that MORCOAR is focused on pr
13. titute Don Szarko Alberta Motor Association Dwight Brown City of Medicine Hat Marlene Anderson Alberta Transportation Janis Fong Genivar Alex Tahmazian City of Calgary Richard Chow Alberta Transportation Randy Youngman Alberta Transportation Sue Welke Alberta Urban Municipalities Association Muhammad Imran Alberta Transportation Bill Rogan Alberta Association of Municipal Districts and Counties The Opus International Consultants team consisted of Sarah Rocchi Project Director Raheem Dilgir Project Manager Jeffrey Bagdade Cory Wilson Joanna Domarad Kanny Chow Margaret Gibbs Jesse Arsenault Gregory Ablett Katherine Coutts Dr Darren Walton Opus Central Laboratories Dr Tarek Sayed University of British Columbia Dr Pat McGowen Western Transportation Institute November 2010 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation THIS PAGE WAS LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK November 2010 Government Methods of Reducing Collisions on Alberta Roads of Alberta m User Guide Transportation 1 0 INTRODUCTION Alberta Transportation TRANS commissioned Opus International Consultants Canada Limited herein referred to as Opus to investigate and develop engineering strategies to address the collision patterns on all Alberta highways and streets These roadways are operated by many different road authorities including urban municipalities rural munici
14. vironment Collision Reductions Found The most relevant collision reduction factors quoted in recent literature based in Literature on robust study and focused largely on injury and fatality reduction MORCOAR Collision This collision reduction ranges established in this study based on literature Reduction Range Alberta considerations and the range in applicable contexts Documented Injury Fatality A qualitative assessment of the injury and fatality reduction Used for ranking Reduction purposes Human Factors Rating The performance of the measure from a human factors perspective based on the criteria developed in this study and documented in the Phase 1 report Alberta Applicability Rating A relative rating of the applicability in the Alberta context based on criteria developed in this study and documented in the Phase 1 report Expected Overall A combination of the previous three fields This combined assessment was Effectiveness applied for the identification of the 33 highly effective measures Expected Cost Effectiveness Considers the relative implementation cost In addition to the expected overall effectiveness this was used to identify Priority 1 measures Climate Change Rating The measure s implications for climate change which considered Source The key literature sources on which the documented collision reductions are based The next two pages show the field entries for
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