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1991 DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILES USER GUIDE

1. epes w 0 mw _ 6 sace el tw me British Columbia 152 000 al EE 23 00 Northwest Teritores l of mes E features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 8 An arc is line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS Geographic Codes Each FED is identified across Canada by 5 digit code This code provides unique numeric identification for two types of geographic areas These are provinces and territories PR TERRs federal electoral districts FEDs These two geographic areas are hierarchically related in that FEDs aggregate to a province or territory This relationship 15 reflected in the 5 digit code PR TERR FED XX XXX 2 digits 3 digits The 2 digit PR TERR code 15 the same code as used in the Standard Geographical Classification SGC code see Section 5 1 4 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 FED Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating EA polygons in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2
2. 27 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Ge e Data Administration EE des B ISS 5 1 Sor 21 5 2 Data Quality Statement 28 5 2 1 CSDs comprising more than one part 28 GEERT 29 5 3 Technical Specifications cece cece cece nennen 30 6 1991 CENSUS CONSOLIDATED CCS DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 32 6 1 EE 32 6 2 33 6 2 1 comprising more than one part 33 6 2 2 Other ee eg e E 34 6 3 Technical Specifications 34 7 1991 CENSUS DIVISION CD DIGITAL BOUNDARY 36 Ll Soi eebe 36 7 2 37 7 2 1 CDs comprising more than one part polygon 37 7 2 2 EE Eege 37 1 3 Technical el ge 38 8 1991 URBAN AREA UA DIGITAL BOUNDARY 40 8 1 40 8 2 lt 41 8 2 1 UAs comprising more than one part 41 5 2 2 Other 42 8 3 TECHNICA 42 9 1991 PROVINCE TERRITORY PR T
3. 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 CSD 7 7 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table ai AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing CSD 7 digit SGC code identifying the PR CD CSD the first 2 digits are the PR TERR code the next 2 are the CD code the last 3 digits are the CSD code PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 7 digit CSD code can be accessed with this item name PROV statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 6 1991 CENSUS CONSOLIDATED CCS DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 6 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 CCS Digital Boundary File contains 2 679 polygons representing 2 630 CCSs 25 CCSs have more than one polygon See list in Appendix E A breakdown of the number of CCSs by province territory the number of polygons per CCS and other relevant information regarding the content and storage requirements of the file are given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF CCSs POLYGONS CCSs WITH NUMBER OF N
4. The three geographic areas are hierarchically related Census subdivisions CSDs aggregate to census divisions CDs which in turn aggregate to a province or territory This relationship is reflected in the seven digit code Province Territory Census division Census subdivision XX 2 digits XX 2 digits XXX 3 digits Subprovincial Region SPR Refers to a subprovincial geographical unit smaller than a province with the exception of Prince Edward Island and the Territories made up of groupings of complete census divisions The subprovincial regions were created in response to the requirement for a geographical unit suitable for the analysis of regional economic activity Such a unit is small enough to permit regional analysis yet large enough to include a sufficient number of respondents such that after confidential data are suppressed a broad range of statistics can still be released The regions are based upon work by Camu Weeks and Sametz in the 1950s with minor adjustments over the years to accommodate changes in census division boundaries and the views of provincial officials Subprovincial regions may be economic administrative or planning regions In some provinces these regions are designated by law In other provinces the regions were created by agreement between Statistics Canada and the province or territories concerned Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS T
5. 12 3 Additional References and Services Data Administration A EE des B ISS In addition to the Regional Reference Centres and depository libraries Statistics Canada publications may be ordered through your local bookstore or subscription agent Contact the nearest Regional Reference Centre for a list of Canadian outlets available or consult the 1991 Census Catalogue Catalogue No 92 302E Secondary distributors offer data access and analytical support through a variety of consulting and computer based services not available at Statistics Canada The names and addresses of licensed distributors may be obtained from any Regional Reference Centre Statistics Canada provides digital geographic products which allow computer manipulation of geographic data A customized retrieval service 15 available for users who wish to define their own geographic area of study A variety of data retrieval files and services provide flexibility in selecting a geographic base A complete description of available digital files and services is documented in the 1991 Census Catalogue Catalogue No 92 302E Information concerning Census of agriculture products and services may be referenced in the 1991 Census of Agriculture Products and Services publication Catalogue No 92 303 or by calling toll free 1 800 465 1991 Users with special data requirements may request post census survey services Data are made available on microcomputer diskettes for use
6. Census Subdivision CSD Refers to the general term applying to municipalities as determined by provincial legislation or their equivalent e g Indian reserves Indian settlements and unorganized territories In Newfoundland Nova Scotia and British Columbia the term also describes geographic areas that have been created by Statistics Canada in co operation with the provinces as equivalents for municipalities The type indicates the municipal status of a census subdivision Census subdivisions CSDs are classified into various types according to official designations adopted by provincial or federal authorities Census Tract CT The general concept of a census tract CT is that of a permanent small urban neighbourhood like or rural community like area established in large urban centred regions with the help of local specialists interested in urban and social science research Census tracts are delineated jointly by a local committee and Statistics Canada according to the following criteria 1 Whenever possible census tract boundaries must follow permanent and easily recognizable physical features 2 The population of a census tract must be between 2 500 and 8 000 with a preferred average of 4 000 persons except for those census tracts in central business districts in other major commercial and industrial zones or in peripheral rural or urban areas that may have either a lower or higher population 3 When first delineate
7. Data Administration A EE des Dome 1991 DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILES USER GUIDE Produced by the Geography Division Statistics Canada November 1992 La version fran aise de ce guide est disponible sur demande Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des Dome What s New in the 1991 Digital Boundary Files Digital Boundary Files are available in a topologically consistent format with no gaps or overlaps overshoots or slivers an Enumeration Area Digital Boundary File is available for the first time all levels of Digital Boundary Files are consistent with each other Digital Boundary Files within Street Network File formerly called Area Master File coverage are consistent with the Street Network File features The Street Network Files are other Statistics Canada geography digital products containing streets railways hydrography and other physical features as well as feature names and street address ranges the Digital Boundary Files reflect the boundaries as required for the 1991 Census of Population and Housing and the 1991 Census of Agriculture and their statistical data products exatistaue Data Administration des Domes This document is intended to provide the user with an understanding of the Digital Boundary File products their uses and limitations The Digital Boundary Files are geographic data files that can provide an infrastructure for many Geograph
8. 4705808 4706820 4711054 4715068 4716056 4716861 4717001 4717024 4717806 4717807 4717808 4717809 4717814 4717815 4718822 4718824 4803001 4803011 4803801 4805024 4805802 4806803 4807039 4808811 4815003 4815015 4815017 4815802 4817025 4817817 4817831 4817832 4819049 5901003 5901006 5903050 5907024 5907803 5915046 5915051 5915063 5917045 5919008 5919807 5929011 5929803 5931012 5931030 5931812 5931831 5933010 5933024 5933034 5933040 5933828 5933854 5937014 5937019 5941011 5941023 5941847 5941862 5943023 5947030 5947802 5949022 5949024 ai NJ NJ QJ P NJ NJ amp NJ UJ 00 ES WN GJ NO Ul CJ Statistics Canada exatistaue Canada Data Administration EE des Dome Data Administration EE des Dome 5951007 5951009 5951022 5951815 5951818 10 2 3 5951013 3 2 3 6001040 2 Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada JNaninisirsit n A EE des Dome Appendix E CCSs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CCS Digital Boundary File PROVINCE CCS CODE NUMBER OF PARTS 1 mm _________ em 2444075 2 JL ers 2493908 2 ______ 520020 os ______ 3 3547066 2 o so _______ Lamm gt 4618057 4 ______ 2 ______ o ames 3
9. It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des S ISS Geographic Codes CTs are identified by a 6 character numerical name of the form xxx xx where x is one digit This form is referred to as the CT name These CT names are designed to be unique within the PCMA or PCA containing the CT If the CMA or CA does not have any component PCMAs or PCAs the CT name is unique within the CMA or CA For the 1991 census geographic structure the CT names are unique within a CMA or CA regardless if it contains PCMAs and or PCAs This uniqueness may not remain in subsequent censuses as more PCMAs and PCAs are created In order to identify a CT uniquely within a province or across Canada the relevant CMA or CA codes are provided with the CT name in the CT Digital Boundary Files Leading zeroes in the 6 character CT name and in the 3 digit CMA CA code must be represented with a 0 and not left blank For example 040 00 is a valid CT name 40 00 or 40 are not valid Often if the 2 decimal digits are 00 they may not be shown on Statistics Canada s reference maps but they must be used processing with digital files which include the CT name CMAs and CAs are identified uniquely across Canada by a 3 digit code Leading zeroes must be specified not replaced by blanks Note that the first digit of the 3 digit character code 1 the second digit of the PR T
10. Statistique Canada Canada ai Data Aaministration Aaministration des W I Yukon Territory Series Map 25 at 1 1 000 000 The map vintage is 1972 with manually drafted updates from the previous census collection maps The map projection is Lambert Conformal Conic with standard parallels at 49 N and 77 N Northwest Territories MCR Series Map 736 at 1 4 000 000 The map vintage is 1974 with manually drafted updates from the previous census collection maps The map projection is Lambert Conformal Conic with standard parallels at 64 N and 88 N As the final step Since the EAs were digitized by individual FEDs FED files were edge matched as the final operation The digital boundaries created from the small urban centres were adjusted where necessary to the rural files This combined file was then adjusted where necessary to match the EA boundaries as created from the Street Network Files 3 2 2 Positional Accuracy Positional accuracy is the difference between the true position of a feature in the real world and the estimated position stored in the digital file For this report the true EA boundary is considered to be the boundary as depicted on the source materials Positional accuracy depends on the quality of the source material used EMR s NTS and MCR map series and the Street Network File for the position of roads rail roads rivers lakes etc as well as the manual drafting of the base map feat
11. files maintained within Statistics Canada and which provides among other things all the linkages within the various geography hierarchies The following three diagrams illustrate the process for aggregating EA boundary polygons to the other geographic areas The example shows the creation of CT boundaries from the EA digital boundary file This first diagram depicts a portion of the EA digital boundary file Each polygon represents one EA with its unique EA code assigned to the appropriate polygon 10503001 10503002 10503003 10503004 10503008 10503007 10503006 10503005 10503009 10503010 10503011 10503012 10503016 10503015 10503014 10503013 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Ge e Data A EE des Using the EA code as link to the Geographic Attribute Data Base the appropriate CT numerical name is identified and assigned to each EA polygon The diagram below shows the EA polygons with the appropriate CT numerical name below the EA code 10503001 10503002 10503003 10503004 0201 01 0201 01 0201 01 0203 00 10503008 10503007 10503006 10503005 0201 01 0201 01 0203 00 0203 00 10503009 10503010 10503011 10503012 0201 02 0201 02 0201 02 0203 00 10503016 10503015 10503014 10503013 0201 02 0201 02 0201 02 0201 02 The EA boundaries common to neighbouring EAs within the same CT are dissolved or eliminated The resulting CT boundary file is depicted below 0201 01 0203 00 02
12. with one polygon in each of the two provinces Geographic Codes UAs are uniquely identified across Canada by a 4 digit code This 4 digit UA code may contain leading zeroes which form an integral part of the code they should not be replaced with blanks For example UA 0001 is valid UA 1 15 not valid 8 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 UA Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating EA polygons in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File as described in Section 3 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2 since the quality of that file has a direct implication on the derived UA Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the UAs The particular geography hierarchy involved in the aggregation Is EA gt UA 8 2 1 UAs comprising more than one part polygon The five UAs which straddle provincial boundaries comprise 2 polygons in the Canada UA Digital Boundary File one polygon in each province The user will need to dissolve i e eliminate the common boundary to a single polygon if required for these UAs Provincial boundary files will contain only that part of the UA contained in the province The 11 other UAs having more than one polygon are presented in Appendix G with explanations Supplement to this User Guide provides examples of geographic units in multiple parts Statistics Statistique
13. 2 Alberta 4819049 British Columbia 5915063 In general the CCSs in this table comprise more than one part since their component CSDs comprise more than one part 1 Component CCS parts are as a result of the application of the delineation rules producing unexpected results The rules will be reviewed and the CCSs corrected for the 1996 Census Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Dg ds A Sec GS Data dereen A EE des Dome Appendix F CDs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CD Digital Boundary File PROVINCE CD CODE NUMBER OF EXPLANATION PARTS 1209 lands digitized separately Component CSD in multiple parts o lands digitized separately 2497 Component CSD in multiple parts Component CSD in multiple parts Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data Administration des Dome Appendix G UAs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 UA Digital Boundary File The following table lists the UAs which comprise more than one polygon in the 1991 UA Digital Boundary File PROVINCE UA CODE NUMBER OF EXPLANATION PARTS Newfoundland 0247 Boundary polygon is pinched New Brunswick 0582 Newcastle 2 Discontinuity is caused by a water body Quebec 0500 Maniwaki The application of the population density criterion to CSDs in multiple parts 0728 Rouyn Noranda 2 The application of the population density criterion to CSDs in mult
14. 249 zel 2 000 Las mam _ aos mm 1266 m 359 mm 3 037 000 262 245 40 700 3 808 000 oul al 200 zoel zl sa zl sam British Columbia 1 958 000 nien a al a zl a zm northwest Zens el w o zl al om 655 zl 13 208 000 As of June 4 1992 These numbers will differ from those given in the Census Dictionary Catalogue 92 301E or 92 301ED which show numbers of EAs as of November 8 1991 features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points an arc is a line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS Geographic Codes Each EA 15 uniquely identified across Canada by an 8 digit code This code provides unique numeric identification for three types of geographic areas These are provinces and territories PR TERRs federal electoral districts FEDs enumeration areas EAs The three geographic areas are hierarchically related EAs aggregate to FEDs which in turn aggregate to a province or territory This relationship is reflected in the 8 digit code PR TERR FED EA XX XXX XXX 2 digits 3 digits 3 digits The 2 digit PR TERR code is the same code as used in the Standard Geographical Classi
15. 8 8 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing EA 8 digit code identifying the PR FED EA the first 2 digits are the PR TERR code the next 3 digits are the FED code and the last 3 digits represent the EA PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 8 digit EA code can be accessed with this item name PROV Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data JX nnisiitton EE des Dome 4 1991 FEDERAL ELECTORAL DISTRICT FED DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 4 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 FED Digital Boundary File contains 299 polygons representing the 295 federal electoral districts FEDs according to the 1987 Representation Order A breakdown of the number of FEDs by province territory the number of polygons per FED and other relevant information regarding the content of the file is given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF FEDs POLYGONS FEDs WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENTS ARC INFO POLYGON Export files wwfudamd 7 Prince fire a 3 mm ul 4 178 000
16. BOUNDARY FILE PRODUCTS 2 1 introduction The 1991 Digital Boundary Files are computer boundary files for the standard Census geographic levels Digital Boundary Files are available for each of the following geographic levels Provinces and Territories PR TERR Federal electoral districts FEDs Census divisions CDs equivalent to counties Census subdivisions CSDs equivalent to local municipalities Census consolidated subdivisions CCSs groupings of CSDs Census tracts CTs equivalent to neighbourhoods Urban areas UAs dense concentrations of population Enumeration areas EAs the smallest geographic area for which census data are usually available With the appropriate computer software Digital Boundary Files provide the framework for computer analysis and mapping These files can also be used to create new geographic areas by aggregating standard geographic areas and for other data manipulations available with the user s software 2 2 Purpose of the Digital Boundary Files The digital boundary files were produced to support the 1991 Census of Population and Housing approximately 24 000 collection maps were automatically produced using a pre census version of the EA digital boundary file approximately 1 200 EA reference maps were automatically produced using a production version of the EA digital boundary file the CSD digital boundary file was used to assist in the production of the 1991 CD CSD reference m
17. CDs aggregate to a province or territory The 4 digit code 15 described by PR TERR CD XX XX 2 digits 2 digits 7 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 CD Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating CSD polygons in the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 CSD and EA Digital Boundary Files Section 3 2 and Section 5 since the quality of these files has a direct implication on the derived CD Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the CDs The particular aggregations involved are EA gt CSD and then CSD gt CD gt PR TERR gt CANADA 7 2 1 CDs comprising more than one part polygon Five CDs have more than one polygon In general this occurs because the component CSDs comprise more than one part or by a discontinuity caused by a water body Appendix F provides a list of the 5 CDs Supplement 1 provides examples of geographic units in multiple parts 7 2 2 Other considerations The CD Digital Boundary File was created by linking CSD codes in the CSD Digital Boundary files to their corresponding CD code on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Thus errors in the CD Digital Boundary Files may occur if there are geographic code linkage errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Supplement 2 to the Digital Boundary File User Guide contains a list of all the errors on the Geo
18. Canada Canada Data Administration EE des S ISS 8 2 2 Other Considerations Since UAs do not aggregate to provinces territories or Canada boundaries the UA Digital Boundary File does not contain the national or provincial territorial boundaries nor can these be derived from the UA boundary polygons 8 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 UA Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER nnn UA91 nnn UA91 E00 where nnn is the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn NAT for the Canada coverage or nnn the 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA BC YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT UA91 NAT 91 for the Canada UA Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN UA91 MAN UA91 E00 for the Manitoba UA Digital Boundary File The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn UA91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique Canada Canada INFO Tables Data Administration A EE des B ISS The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL I
19. GUIDE 1 2 OVERVIEW OF THE DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE PRODUCTS 2 2 1 MET OOUE EE 2 2 2 Purpose of the Digital Boundary Files 2 2 3 Geographic Reference Date 3 2 4 Comparison to the 1986 CARTLIB Product 3 2 5 The Census Geography Hierarchies enne 4 2 6 Generar get EE 4 3 ENUMERATION AREA EA DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 7 3 1 Soi ee ee ee er ee 7 3 2 Data Quality Statement 10 Eat et 10 822 EE 15 16 3 2 4 Logical ConsistenCy 17 3 45 Completeness EE 17 3 2 6 EAs comprising more than one part polygon 18 3 2 7 For users of the Digital Boundary Files with the Street Network Files 18 2 2 0 Other SEENEN Eege 19 3 3 Reef eg LEE 20 4 1991 FEDERAL ELECTORAL DISTRICT FED DIGITAL BOUNDARY 22 4 1 SEENEN EE 22 4 2 Data Quality EE 23 4 2 1 FEDs comprising more than one part 24 4 2 2 Other Considerations EE 24 4 3 Technical Specifications 25 5 1991 CENSUS SUBDIVISION CSD DIGITAL BOUNDARY
20. The census consolidated subdivision s name usually coincides with its largest census subdivision component in terms of land area Census Division CD Refers to the general term applying to geographic areas established by provincial law which are intermediate geographic areas between the census subdivision and the province e g divisions counties regional districts regional municipalities and seven other types of geographic areas made up of groups of census subdivisions In Newfoundland Manitoba Saskatchewan and Alberta provincial law does not provide for these administrative geographic areas Therefore census divisions have been created by Statistics Canada in co operation with these provinces Census Metropolitan Area CMA The general concept of a census metropolitan area CMA is one of a very large urban area together with adjacent urban and rural areas which have a high degree of economic and social integration with that urban area A CMA is delineated around an urban area called the urbanized core and having a population of at least 100 000 based on the previous census Once an area becomes a CMA it is retained in the program even if its population subsequently declines Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Administration des Donnees Smaller urban areas centred on urbanized cores of a population of at least 10 000 are included in the census agglomeration CA program
21. and a digital boundary file that a user may create by doing his her own aggregation by linking the EA code through a digital product created from the Geographic Attribute Data Base The user should consult the Data Quality Statement of the linkage file used for any aggregations statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des 5 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 CSD Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER nnn_CSD91 nnn_CSD91 E00 where nnn is the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn for the Canada coverage or nnn the 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT CSD91 NAT CSD91 E00 the Canada CSD Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN CSD91 MAN CSD91 E00 forthe Manitoba CSD Digital Boundary File The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn_CSD91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS INFO Tables The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of a coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username
22. encoded in the data structure of the digital spatial data how well elements of the data structure follow the rules imposed on them Automated processing through ARC INFO verified that all EA polygons were topologically correct that they closed with no overlaps overshoots or slivers Lines are intersected only where intended and no lines are entered twice There are however two polygons gaps within Canada s geographic area that are not associated with EA Both of these polygons are within water bodies one in Georgian Bay and the other between the three provinces of Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia and New Brunswick These two polygons will appear in Canada level digital boundary files except the Urban Area UA and the Census Tract CT files One of these polygons will also appear in the Ontario digital boundary files except UA and CT These polygons are not counted in the total number of polygons in any of these files since ARC INFO associates them with the area outside the Canada boundary In ARC INFO terminology these polygons are counted with the world polygons with 3 world polygons in the Canada files and 2 in the Ontario files 3 2 5 Completeness Completeness expresses the degree to which the geographic entities features are captured according to the data capture specifications It also contains information about selection criteria definitions used and other relevant mapping rules The na
23. since the quality of that file has a direct implication on the derived FED Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the FEDs The particular hierarchy used for the aggregation 15 EA gt FED gt PR TERR gt CANADA 4 2 1 FEDs comprising more than one part polygon There are four FEDs which are represented by more than one polygon in the FED Digital Boundary File Refer to Supplement 1 to this User Guide for illustrations depicting geographic units in multiple parts FED 12008 which includes Sable Island which has been digitized as a separate polygon FED 24010 containing a separately digitized island les de la Madeleine FEDs 24030 and 24044 each containing an EA at the edge connected to the main portion of the FED by a point This occurs when the FED polygon is pinched when two points along the boundary are so close together that the computer software snaps the points together creating two polygons for that FED joined at the snapped point 4 2 2 Other Considerations 4 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 FED Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO amp EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Poisson JAdinistration des gm EXPORT COVER nnn FED91 nnn FED91 E00 where nnn is the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn NAT for the Canada coverage or nnn t
24. the maps used to digitize the EAs In small urban centres The source maps for digitizing EAs in small urban centres were manually drafted maps depicting EAs in census subdivisions or unincorporated places Map scales varied from 1 2 400 to 1 250 000 These maps were drafted using information from topographic maps municipal town maps road maps 1986 census collection maps and 1989 90 census field update maps The map projections varied depending on the original source material The user can refer to the 1991 EA Reference Map Series 2 formerly called 6145 and 6165 which were produced from the same source maps used to digitize the EAs In rural areas The user can refer to the 1991 EA Reference Map Series 3 formerly called G12s which were produced from the same source maps used to digitize the EAs 10 Provinces National Topographic Series NTS published by Energy Mines and Resources Canada at scales 1 50 000 and 1 250 000 Map vintages range from 1954 to 1990 with manually drafted updates from previous census collection maps The map projection is Transverse Mercator There are an estimated 2 190 1991 EA Reference Series 1 maps covering the large urban centres in Canada of which approximately 1 980 were produced automatically using a pre release version of the EA Digital Boundary File and the Street Network Files The remaining 210 EA reference maps are reduced reproductions of manually drafted maps ai statistics
25. units This supports the retrieval service commonly known as the geocoding service by user specified query areas Geographic Attribute Data Base The Geographic Attribute Data Base formerly called the Census Geographic Data Base or CGDB 1 a set of data attribute files maintained within Statistics Canada and which provides among other things all the linkages within the various geography hierarchies Map Projection Latitude Longitude A system of measuring location on the surface of the earth which recognizes that the earth is spherical The latitude measures the angle north or south of the equator from 0 degrees at the equator normally in degrees minutes and seconds to 90 degrees at the poles For the land mass of Canada the latitudes range from roughly 42 to 83 degrees north Longitude corresponds to the angle normally in degrees minutes and seconds west of the prime meridian which runs through Greenwich England For the land mass of Canada the longitude ranges from roughly 52 degrees to 141 degrees west Universal Transverse Mercator UTM An internationally standardized grid system which involves dividing the earth into 60 separate zones of six degrees of longitude each Canada 15 divided into 16 zones bearing numbers 7 to 22 from west to east For the UTM the Transverse Mercator projection is employed Gauss Kruger type West east positions eastings are measured from a separate point for each zone Eastings are coun
26. using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn CD91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique Canada Canada INFO Tables Data Administration A EE des B ISS The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 4 4 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing CD 4 digit code identifying the CD the first 2 digits are the PR TERR code the last 2 digits are the CD code PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 4 digit CD code can be accessed with this item name PROV Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 8 1991 URBAN AREA UA DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 8 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 UA Digital Boundary File contains 929 polygons representing 893 UAs 16 UAs have more than on
27. 01 02 This same procedure was used to produce the CSD FED UA and PR TERR Digital Boundary Files The CSD Digital Boundary File was used to create the CCS and CD Digital Boundary Files by aggregating component CSDs In each case the Canada EA boundary file was used to create a Canada file of each of the other geographic units The provincial and territorial files were created from the national file by selecting those geographic units within a particular province or territory All processing was done using ARC INFO Version 4 0 in the Lambert Conic Conformal projection see Appendix A As an alternate projection the Digital Boundary Files are also available in latitude longitude This conversion was performed through ARC INFO Statistics Statistique Canada Canada G EO Data Administration EE des Domes 3 1 Content The national coverage of the EA boundary file contains 46 103 polygons representing 45 995 EAs A list of the EAs comprising more than one polygon is given in Appendix C A breakdown of the number of EAs and number of polygons by province territory with other information relevant to the content and disk storage requirements are provided below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF EAs POLYGONS EAS WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENTS ARC INFO POLYGON Export files Newfoundland 554 000 mince ednardisiond
28. 062254 267 Montreal 24065201 351 Montreal 24065512 560 Sherbrooke 24069016 022 023 Lachine 24071159 160 171 Vaudreuil 24073162 171 Montreal 24075106 107 120 121 Kitchener 35009162 179 Ottawa 35010009 070 Ottawa 35010018 075 North York 35014066 212 24016107 109 24016204 205 206 24016256 257 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada STREET NETWORK FILE Port Colborne Etobicoke Etobicoke Rockland Guelph Guelph Guelph Kingston London Toronto Markham Mississagua Nepean Nepean Pickering Pickering Pickering Ottawa Ottawa Ottawa Toronto Toronto St Catharine Sarnia Sarnia Scarborough Thunder Bay Vaughan Winnipeg Winnipeg Calgary C Calgary C Calgary C Calgary C Edmonton East Vancouver C Delta Caps Sub B Matsqui North Vancouver North Vancouver Central Sanich Surrey North Surrey Vancouver E E statistics Canada EA 35019103 113 35023413 416 35024357 369 35025314 315 35026218 254 35026256 270 258 35026315 323 35037453 460 35045416 422 423 35046404 417 35046460 462 35048002 004 35050052 077 35050113 164 35056281 335 336 35056401 403 35056403 413 35059122 124 35060052 057 35061154 157 35069704 35069707 801 35070105 35090267 35072151 152 35072151 152 35074205 215 35084018 35096270 280 46012110 46012113 48003555 565 48003854 855 48004400 413 414 48005316 317 48010411 59001118 151 59005007 022 59006405 406 59008165 17
29. 1 NAT_PROV91 E00 The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following command IMPORT COVER NAT FED91 E00 username where username 15 the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS INFO Tables The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of a coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 PR 2 2 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing PR 2 digit code the province or territory PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 5 digit FED code can also be accessed with this item name PROV for consistency across all Digital Boundary Files to enable common programming code for similar operations Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 10 1Content The national coverage of the 1991 CT Digital Boundary File contains nnn po
30. 19052 4619052 4619077 4623065 4615071 4601078 4613056 4712046 4717024 4718822 4718824 4706820 4705031 4716861 4716056 4817025 4817832 Street Network File Coverage Data Administration A EE des B ISS Appendix continued SGC Code for 1991 EA Is the EA contained in the ai 48001269 48006061 48015462 48015522 48023105 59002323 59015124 59019460 59020375 59028070 59028423 59029068 59029070 59029317 59029808 60001164 Statistics Canada Statistique Canada Number of parts polygons N 4817831 4806016 4811061 4811061 4807039 5931012 5929803 5907024 5915063 5915022 5915022 5915022 5915022 5915022 5915022 6001040 Street Network File Coverage Data Aaministration Aaministration des Appendix CSDs comprising more than one polygon the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File SGC PARTS SGC PARTS SGC PARTS SGC PARTS Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada 1001239 1001374 1001415 1001452 1002022 1004016 1005007 1007009 1102014 1103035 1205001 1207021 1209038 1212023 1214010 1215008 1217020 1308015 1309023 1309025 1313024 1313028 1315040 2402025 2406030 2406804 2409075 2409080 2414902 2423025 2423045 2423802 2430065 2431080 2432020 2434045 2443015 2444075 2445075 2450802 2454055 2457010 2466025 2466055 2466130 2470015 2471085 2472035 2472802 24
31. 1Related Geographic Products and Services The following is a summary of other geographic products and services available from Statistics Canada REFERENCE MAPS There are four types of Reference Maps available Enumeration Area EA Maps are subdivided into three series Large urban centres formerly G13 amp G13A small urban centres formerly G14 amp G16 and rural areas formerly 612 Census Division CD and Census Subdivision CSD Maps show boundaries for census divisions areas such as counties and regional districts and census subdivisions such as cities and towns Boundaries for Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations are also shown Census Metropolitan Area CMA Census Agglomeration CA and Census Tract CT Maps show the boundaries of CSDs CMA CA parts and CTs Publications in the Census Tract Profile series contain corresponding maps for each tracted CMA or CA Federal Electoral District FED Map is a colour map showing the federal electoral districts of Canada according to the 1987 Representation Order ENUMERATION AREA REFERENCE LISTS This 15 a series of national and regional products identifying the linkages between enumeration areas EAs and standard geographic areas Through these Enumeration Area Reference Lists users can determine to which higher levels of geography EAs are linked EQUIVALENT ENUMERATION AREAS 1991 AND 1986 This publication provides direct comparisons between 1991 and 1986 enu
32. 2 173 174 59016165 168 59016258 264 59024267 274 59026461 462 464 59027215 59029703 712 exatistaue Canada Data Administration EE des Dome GEO Appendix C Data Aaministration Aaministration des EAs comprising more than polygon the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Number of Parts SGC Code for the1991 EA Is the EA contained in the ai 10007205 12004017 13001262 13004110 24004016 24030006 24039112 24039457 24041163 24042208 24071307 35001011 35001280 35016328 35025018 35025019 35035213 35035214 35035228 35035306 35025326 35035370 35035403 35035405 35035411 35035415 35035418 35039021 35043426 35064204 35080014 35080015 35080219 35080414 46001210 46002021 46002022 46002023 46002441 46003316 46008366 46008370 47001266 47001419 47004424 47004480 47006274 47011463 47013232 47013356 48001258 48001266 Statistics Canada exatistaue Canada polygons NJ QJ NJ UJ UJ NJ NJ EP NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NO NO NO NO NO NO Ul LA WN LI 1001542 1217020 1308019 1305053 2472802 2493908 2458030 2458030 2423060 2497010 2464015 3551016 3557077 3518022 3501007 3501007 3560058 3560065 3560021 3560090 3560055 3560084 3560096 3560085 3560075 3560097 3560087 3539018 3539036 3549073 3543050 3543050 3543076 3543069 4607060 46
33. 3 2 8 Other Considerations The 1991 EA Digital Boundary File may be used in conjunction with data available through GEOREF or the Geography Attribute File which are other Statistics Canada electronic products derived from the Geographic Attribute Data Base These products contain among other things the linkages of EAs to all other standard census geography EA representative point coordinates and EA population and dwelling counts This will allow the aggregation of the EA boundary polygons to create the boundaries of the other standard census geographic areas Errors in the digital boundary files may occur if there are geographic code linkage errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Supplement 2 to the Digital Boundary File User Guide contains a list of all the errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base that have been identified up to the time of the release of this User Guide The Supplement indicates the erroneous linkages as well as showing if the error has been corrected on the appropriate digital boundary file If the error has been corrected on the digital boundary file there may be a discrepancy between the Digital Boundary File product as supplied by Statistics Canada and a digital boundary file that a user may create by doing his her own aggregation by linking the EA code through a digital product created from the Geographic Attribute Data Base The user should consult the Data Quality Statement of the linkage file used for any aggregatio
34. 51 0581 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Saskatchewan Ontario Southern Alberta Statistics Canada Statistics Canada Advisory Services Advisory Services 10th Floor Room 401 Arthur Meighen Building First Street Plaza 25 St Clair Avenue East 138 4th Avenue South East Toronto Ontario Calgary Alberta 1M4 T2G 426 Local calls 416 973 6586 Toll free 1 800 263 1136 Fax 1 416 973 7475 Local calls 403 292 6717 Toll free 1 800 472 9708 Fax 1 403 292 4958 Manitoba British Columbia and Yukon Statistics Canada Statistics Canada Advisory Services Advisory Services Suite 300 Suite 440F MacDonald Street 3rd Floor 344 Edmonton Street Federal Building Winnipeg Manitoba Sinclair Centre R3B 3L9 757 West Hastings St Local calls 204 983 4020 Vancouver British Columbia Toll free 1 800 542 3404 V6C 3C9 Fax 1 204 983 7543 Local calls 604 666 3691 Toll free 1 800 663 1551 except Atlin B C Statistics Canada Yukon and Atlin B C Advisory Services Zenith 08913 9th Floor Fax 1 604 666 4863 Avord Tower 2002 Victoria Avenue Regina Saskatchewan S4P OR7 Local calls 306 780 5405 Toll free 1 800 667 7164 Fax 1 306 780 5403 Alberta and Northwest Territories Statistics Canada Advisory Services 8th Floor Park Square 10001 Bellamy Hill Edmonton Alberta 5 3B6 Local calls 403 495 3027 Toll free 1 800 282 3907 N W T Call collect 1 403 495 3028 Fax 1 403 495 3026
35. 77015 2478020 2479040 2480125 2483065 2484040 2485806 2486040 2487904 2488904 2491902 2493908 2497802 2497808 2498808 2499030 2499035 2499045 2499055 2499070 2499130 ai Fb BN WN BN N NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ 4 NJ Ri ND NJ NJ NJ NJ Statistics Canada exatistaue Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 2499802 2499804 3501007 3512048 3514026 3514027 3518022 3519076 3529020 3538030 3539017 3539018 3541054 3541064 3543050 3543069 3543076 3544073 3546004 3547066 3548069 3549005 3549073 3549076 3552052 3556093 3557073 3557074 3557075 3557077 3558004 3560004 3560021 3560055 3560057 3560058 3560065 3560075 3560082 3560084 3560085 3560087 3560090 3560096 3560097 4601057 4601078 4601079 4601094 4606037 4607062 4608031 4609024 4609025 4613056 4613062 4615071 4616025 4618057 4618060 4618067 4618093 4619045 4619050 4619052 4619077 4620055 4621041 4621045 4621064 4622047 4622049 ai 2 CJ NJ 4 SA 4 4 GO C0 Statistics Canada exatistaue Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 4622058 4623065 4704802 4705031 4705804
36. DA EA gt CT gt CMA CA EA gt UA Census tracts CTs are delineated within all 25 census metropolitan areas CMAs and 14 of the 115 census agglomerations CAs 2 6 General Methodology For census purposes Canada 15 divided into small geographic areas EAs to ensure that all dwellings are enumerated For the 1991 Census 45 995 EAs were defined All EAs are contained the EA digital boundary file and each EA is represented by one or more polygons Sixty nine of the 45 995 EAs are represented by more than one polygon Each EA polygon is identified with the appropriate unique EA code an 8 digit number representing the province federal electoral district and EA Since the EA 1 the building block for all higher order geographic units the EA digital boundary file was created first Different methods were used depending on whether or not the EAs are covered by Street Network Files Most large urban centres and some smaller urban centres are covered by the Street Network Files The features in the Street Network Files which actually formed the EA boundaries e g streets rivers were used Apartment buildings and collective EAs are represented by small polygons at their approximate location within the Street Network File In the remaining large and small urban centres and in rural areas the EA boundaries were digitized from the base maps on which the EAs had been manually delineated Refer to the Data Quality Statement for the
37. EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2 for more details on the derivation lFor most large urban centres and a few small urban centres Statistics Canada maintains digital Street Network Files formerly called Area Master Files containing streets railways hydrography and other physical features municipality boundaries and other relevant information such as feature names and address ranges The Street Network Files were originally digitized from maps at various scales ranging from 1 2 400 to 1 50 000 Street Network Files cover more than 6096of the population but less than 1 of the total land area of Canada Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Administration erte des Done Since the EA digital boundaries were required for census collection during the pre 1991 census operations the final EA Digital Boundary File was constructed via a series of cycle updates The final EA Digital Boundary File represents the EA structure in Canada as of J une 4 1991 Census Day for disseminating 1991 Census data The final EA Digital Boundary File for Canada is the source for creating all other geographic boundary files Component EAs are aggregated to create all higher order geographic areas as described in the following Each EA code in the EA digital boundary file is linked to the higher order geographic codes through the Geographic Attribute Data Base formerly called the Geographic Attribute Data Base or CGDB a set of data
38. ERR DIGITAL BOUNDARY 44 9 1 Sel E 44 9 2 Data Quality Statement 44 9 2 1 PRS comprising more than one part polygon 45 9 2 2 Other Considerations EE 45 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Ge e e Data Administration EE des B ISS 9 3 Technical Specifications 45 10 1991 CENSUS TRACT CT DIGITAL BOUNDARY 47 Le Ee EE 47 10 2 Date Statement abes tq adc a tbi abu i t 48 10 2 1 CTs comprising more than one part 49 10 2 2 Other 5 1 mmn 49 10 3 Technical Specifications nnnm emememe nnn nn 50 11 GEOSSARY OF Elige 52 12 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 58 12 1 Related Geographic Products and Services 58 12 2 For dE leeden Ce dun le LEE DU 12 3 Additional References and Gernvices eee nns 61 Appendix A Lambert Conformal Conic Projection Rarametere e 62 Appendix B EAs not consistent with Street Network Files ccccccec cece cece eee e eee e e 63 Appendix C EAs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File 64 Appendix D CSDs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File 66 Appendix E CCSs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CCS D
39. ERR code if the CMA or CA does not straddle a provincial or territorial boundary as in the case of the CMA of Ottawa Hull which straddles the Ontario Quebec border The terms CT name and CT code are not synonymous The former is the numerical name described above that is used to identify CTs on maps and in data products whereas the CT code 1 a four digit numeric identifier used to access a CT on Statistics Canada s internal digital files The CT name is used in the CT Digital Boundary Files 6 characters with leading and trailing zeroes specified explicitly 10 2Data Quality Statement The 1991 CT Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating EA polygons in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2 since the quality of that file has a direct implication on the derived CT Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the CTs The particular geography hierarchy involved in the aggregation Is EA gt gt CTs are available for all 25 CMAs and for 14 of the 115 CAs CTs also aggregate to PCMAs and PCAs EA gt PCMA gt CA if the CMA is consolidated with component PCMAs and or PCAs However neither PCMA or PCA boundaries are identified on the CT Digital Boundary File products 10 2 1 CTs comprising more t
40. RC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn CCS91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user ai statistics Statistique Canada Canada INFO Tables Data Administration A EE des B ISS The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 5 7 7 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC 1 for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing CCS 7 digit code identifying the CCS PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 7 digit CCS code can be accessed with this item name PROV Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 7 1991 CENSUS DIVISION CD DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 7 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 CD Digital Boundary File contains 296 polygons representing 290 census divisions CDs 5 CDs have more th
41. TEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 PROV 2 2 19 UA 4 4 C REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV_UA 6 6 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFOG for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFOG for internal processing PROV the 2 digit code identifying the province or territory UA the 4 character code identifying the UA PROV UAthe PR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 is concatenated to the UA code to allow the unique identification of the part of an UA within a single province Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 9 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 PR TERR Digital Boundary File contains 14 polygons representing 12 provinces and territories PR TERRs Two provinces have more than one polygon Some relevant information regarding the content and storage requirements of the file are given below PROVINCE NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY PR TERRs POLYGONS NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE LINE ARCSP BYTES SEGMENTS ARC INFO Export files Geographic Codes Each province and territory has its own unique 2 digit code which form the first 2 characters of th
42. UMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENTS ARC INFO POLYGON Export files newfoundland a sl o _ 285 149 000 Prince Edward Island heu xl B8 T BS us Ausl al al am om ouo ss zl ol Al Manitoba 101 000 E E Northwest Territories 18 818 92 000 All features the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 12 P An arc is line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Ke gt Geographic Codes Data Administration A EE des B ISS The code assigned to each CCS 15 the Standard Geographical Classification SGC code see Section 5 1 of one of its component CSDs usually the one with the largest land area 6 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 CCS Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating CSD polygons in the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 CSD and EA Digital Boundary Files Section 3 2 and Section 5 since the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating component EAs The quality of these files has a direct implication on the derived CCS Digital Boundary File and
43. a Canada 6 Data Administration A EE des Appendix B EAs not consistent with Street Network Files The following is a list of EAs which will not be exactly consistent with Street Network Files due to missing non physical non visible features see Section 3 2 for details The list is sorted by PR FED EA code This list was compiled from internal manual documents thus although every effort was made to ensure correctness errors in transcription and key entry may have occurred Statistics Statistique Canada Canada BGEO STREET NETWORK FILE EA Data Administration EE des Dome Moncton 13008010 026 Moncton 13008204 205 Saint J ohn 13010157 203 213 Saint J ohn 13010207 212 Montreal 24002453 458 Montreal 24003219 221 Montreal 24003219 276 Montreal 24003317 318 Montreal 24003360 362 Montreal 24003364 370 Montreal 24003369 370 Chatauguay 24013266 Gatineau 24015057 059 Charlesbourg Charlesbourg Charlesbourg Chicoutimi 24019212 213 Chicoutimi 24019262 263 Laval 24021110 112 Aylmer 24025001 002 Montreal 24029211 212 Montreal 24029356 357 Quebec 24031311 313 St J erome 24034107 171 Laval 24036215 302 303 Laval 24036311 351 363 St Nicholas 24038311 312 Ste Foy 24041159 163 Ste Foy 24041313 352 353 354 Montreal 24045002 011 Beauport 24046011 013 Beauport 24046012 014 Dollard des Ormaux 24051162 166 St Raphael 24051366 369 Montreal 24062162 305 Montreal 24
44. an one polygon See list in Appendix F A breakdown of the number of CDs by province territory the number of polygons per CD and other relevant information regarding the content of the file is given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF CDs POLYGONS CDs WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENT S ARC INFO POLYGON Export files newfoundland o 0 ow Toon Prince Edward Island heu gt Dwwswsik zl Am __ lz osos 386 00 oo e 2 2 Manitoba en il zl al a ege al a am E Northwest Territories 18 818 92 000 1 features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 14 P An arc is a line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Ge e e Geographic Codes Data Administration A EE des B ISS The 290 CDs across Canada are uniquely identified by the first 4 digits of the Standard Geographical Classification SGC code See Section 5 1 for a complete description of the SGC These 4 digits provide unique identification of CDs and reflects the hierarchical relationship that
45. aps series all levels of digital boundary files were used for internal quality assurance processes statistics Statistique Canada Canada 2 3 Geographic Reference Date Data Administration A EE des B ISS All census data reflects the census reference date of J une 4 1991 There is also a Geographic Reference Date on which the geographic framework takes effect This date is earlier than the census reference date in order to give Statistics Canada enough time before Census Day to process the necessary boundary and name changes For the 1991 Census the Geographic Reference Date 15 anuary 1 1991 The Digital Boundary Files reflect the legislative administrative geographic framework as it existed on January 1 1991 provided that the information on any changes was received by Statistics Canada from the provincial or territorial authorities by March 1 1991 The only exception is the EA Digital Boundary File which contains all updates made to the EAs on Census Day as a result of dwellings not identified prior to actual census enumeration 2 4 Comparison to the 1986 CARTLIB Product The methodological approach for the 1991 Digital Boundary Files makes these products different from the 1986 digital boundary files that were available as CARTLIBs Cartographic Library A major change is that the 1986 CARTLIB geographic areas were generally digitized independent of each other and thus in many cases the boundaries were not full
46. blocks form an EA boundary The Street Network Files did not traditionally contain these imaginary lines as features unless they also constituted municipality boundaries Since they were now required in order to generate complete EA boundary polygons line segments representing these EA boundary features were added to the Street Network Files In addition small polygons representing collective EAs or apartment buildings that in themselves were complete EAs were added Where apartment buildings contained more than one EA multiple polygons were added one for each EA This ensured that all features making up an EA boundary were included in the Street Network Files However this capability was for internal Statistics Canada processing Purchasers of the Street Network File cannot re generate the EA boundary file directly from the files themselves Thus for the first time Street Network Files contain the physical and non physical features used for EA boundaries Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des This diagram represents the preliminary digital EA boundary file with an EA code assigned The following diagram represents the updated Street Network File The lines could represent streets rivers etc or the non physical features added to the Street Network File for those portions of the EA boundary that were imaginary and did not follow a physical feature The following diagram depic
47. d or subsequently subdivided census tracts must be as homogeneous as possible in terms of the economic status and social living conditions of their populations 4 Their shape must be as compact as possible All census metropolitan areas CMAs and census agglomerations CAs in Canada containing a census subdivision CSD i e municipality having a population of 50 000 or more at the previous census are eligible for a census tract program Once a census metropolitan area or census agglomeration is added to the program it is retained even if the population subsequently decreases below 50 000 CSDs already within a tracted CMA do not qualify for a separate CT program when they reach a population of 50 000 CMA CA Component Refers to the census subdivisions CSDs which form the building blocks of a census metropolitan area CMA census agglomeration CA primary census metropolitan area PCMA or primary census agglomeration PCA Parts The concept of CMA CA parts distinguishes between central and peripheral urban and rural areas within a census metropolitan area CMA or a census agglomeration CA There are three CMA CA parts urbanized core urban fringe and rural fringe Urbanized core A large urban area around which a CMA or a CA is delineated The urbanized core must have a population based on the previous census of at least 100 000 in the case of a CMA or between 10 000 and 99 999 in the case of a CA Urban f
48. e Standard Geographical Classification code see Section 5 9 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 PR TERR Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating EA polygons in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2 since the quality of that file has a direct implication on the derived PR TERR Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the PR TERRs The particular geography hierarchy involved in the aggregation 15 EA gt PR TERR gt CANADA M features the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points arc is a line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique Canada Canada 9 2 1 PRs comprising more than one part polygon Data Administration A EE des Dome Nova Scotia consists of two boundary polygons due to the separate digitizing of Sable Island Quebec also appears as two polygons with the digitizing of les de la Madeleine as a separate part 9 2 2 Other Considerations 9 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 PR TERR Digital Boundary File is in ARC INFO EXPORT format It was created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER NAT PROV9
49. e geographic codes for the particular geographic unit Some technical information is also provided such as the total number of line segments and disk storage requirements The data quality statement provides information to users to evaluate the suitability of the data for a particular use No statistical measurements have been done to date thus the data quality is descriptive only Details are provided for the data quality of the EA Digital Boundary File since it is the building block for all other Digital Boundary Files A sub section for special considerations for each of the Digital Boundary Files is provided In some cases this section may be brief or even blank Space 1 left for the user to add his her comments Statistics Canada would appreciate your comments to add to these sections Forward them to your nearest Statistics Canada Regional Reference Updates to this User Guide will be issued as required The technical specifications are provided relative to the ARC INFO Geographic Information System ARC INFO is Statistics Canada s production Geographic Information System A Glossary is provided in Section 11 More details on geographic terms can be found in the 1991 Census Dictionary Catalogue 92 301E or 92 301ED Supplementary information is given in Section 12 Two supplementary documents are included with this User Guide Supplement 1 provides examples of geographic units in multiple parts Supplement 1 will not appear
50. e polygon See list in Appendix G A breakdown of the number of UAs by province territory the number of polygons per UA and other relevant information regarding the content and storage requirements of the file are given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF UAs POLYGONS UAs WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENTS ARC INFO POLYGON Export files Newfoundland ise 8 00 Prince Edward Island ao sso al an m 14 00 127 00 Manitoba mumcumi sl al zl ml E Northwest Territories 1 018 19 000 Urban areas crossing provincial limits are counted in both provinces all features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 16 i P An arc is a line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique Canada Canada um Te Five UAs straddle provincial boundaries They are Data Administration A EE des Dome 0122Campbellton New Brunswick Quebec 0365Hawkesbury Quebec Ontario 06160ttawa Hull Ontario Quebec 0282Flin Flon Manitoba Saskatchewan 0478Lloydminster Saskatchewan Alberta These five UAs are represented as 2 polygons each in the Canada UA Digital Boundary File
51. eas such aS municipalities census tracts and federal electoral districts etc The match was 100 correct ensuring that all EAs were present in the EA boundary file and that no EAs were missing preliminary EA boundaries were plotted and overlaid on the original source maps used for EA delineation as described under Positional Accuracy The EA codes were manually checked Corrections were made and verified at the same time as the subsequent cycle of boundary updates as described in the following paragraph Lists of geographic areas with their component EAs was produced from the Geography Attribute Data Base A manual verification using lists of other geographic areas with their component EAs produced from the Geography Attribute Data Base was done to check that all higher order geographic areas contained the correct EAs as they appeared in the Geography Attribute Data Base Errors were corrected and verified Although there is assurance that the correct EAs are present within each level of geographic area e g municipality census tract federal electoral district it is possible that even if the boundaries of the two EAs are correct their EA codes are interchanged A test of 2774 non randomly selected EAs had 2 EAs with their EA codes switched Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS 3 2 4 Logical Consistency Logical consistency describes the fidelity of relationships
52. er any information with potential impact on quality The EA Digital Boundary File for Canada was created over a period of 3 years The Federal Electoral District FED was used as the processing unit since all EAs must respect FED boundaries and the FED is the principle unit for organizing the census collection operations First preliminary digital EA boundaries were created by FED which were subsequently updated due to municipality boundary changes updates to the street network and changes in dwelling counts The 1991 EA boundaries were finalized with the Census J une 4 1991 Some EAs may have been split during the census collection process if the number of dwellings was greater than expected These EA splits are included in the EA boundary file The EA boundary files for each of the 295 FEDs were completed and verified and finally joined together to create the national file Computer processing was primarily done using the geographic information system ARC INFO Version 4 0 and the Lambert Conic Conformal projection See Appendix A More detailed information on the methods used to create the EA Digital Boundary File is described below The EA Digital Boundary File was created using different methodologies depending on the availability of in house digital files called Street Network Files In most large urban centres and a few small urban centres Statistics Canada maintains digital Street Network Files formerly called Area Master Fi
53. erritory Refers to two major political divisions of Canada namely Yukon and Northwest Territories From a statistical point of view these territories are equivalent to provinces a basic unit for which data are tabulated and cross Classified Unincorporated Place UP The concept of unincorporated place UP is that of a cluster of dwellings i e a settlement lacking legal limits or local government A UP is defined as any cluster of five or more occupied dwellings in rural areas locally known by a specific name but not having a local government or legal limits A UP has the same Standard Geographical Classification SGC code as the census subdivision CSD in which it is located However UPs are distinct from CSDs in that a UP has no legal status or limit Urban Area UA The general concept of an urban area UA is that of an area containing a dense concentration of population Statistics Canada defines an urban area as an area which has attained a population concentration of at least 1 000 and a population density of at least 400 per square kilometre at the previous census territory lying outside urban areas is considered rural Taken together urban and rural areas cover all of Canada Urban areas separated by gaps of less than two kilometres are combined to form a single urban area Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Poisson J Administration des 12 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 12
54. fication SGC code see Section 5 1 ARC INFO Polygon Label Points ARC INFO automatically computes and uses one point within each polygon for plotting polygon attributes e g the geographic code or name This point is called the ARC INFO label point and is located within each polygon at a point suitable for label or symbol placement an approximation of the visual centre Statistics Canada defines a point in each EA for the purpose of assigning aggregate data to that point for data retrieval data analysis or statistical mapping This point is called the EA representative point formerly called a centroid It is defined as a pair of coordinate values x which is located by the following methods 1 For EAs within the Street Network Files the ARC INFO label point is used 2 For EAs outside the Street Network File coverage by a manual judgemental procedure based on the visual inspection of building and or street patterns on EA census collection maps some of which have topographic base map information The representative point is located when possible at or beside a predominant cluster of buildings and or streets If there is no predominant cluster then the point is located between two or more clusters In the absence of any cluster the point is placed at the visual centre of the EA This point was then manually digitized Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaminis
55. for most levels of standard geography from the enumeration area up to the province and territory In combination with the user s appropriate software these files provide the user with a spatial analytical tool for designing their own geographical areas by aggregating standard geographical areas for mapping and for other data manipulation operations and analysis offered by the user s software Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des ann es POSTAL CODE CONVERSION FILE PCCF This computer file links the six character postal code with standard 1991 Census geographical areas such as enumeration areas municipalities CSDs census tracts etc It also provides the x y coordinates for a point representing the location of the postal code to support mapping applications STREET INDEX This paper product 15 an alphabetical listing of street and address ranges from the Street Network Files linked to specific standard geographical areas Three products will be available 1 linkage to enumeration areas 2 linkage to census divisions and census subdivisions and 3 linkage to census tracts The Street Indexes will be available as print on demand products by census metropolitan areas or census agglomerations which are in the census tract program Coverage in those areas is restricted to those component CSDs having Street Network Files BLOCK FACE DATA FILE The block face is defined as one s
56. gments representing these portions of the EA boundaries were added to the Street Network Files These features are referred to as non physical features in the following text This processing was done in a mainframe environment using in house developed computer programs and the Universal Transverse Mercator UTM projection After the preliminary EA digital boundary files were created the Street Network Files were updated to include final EA boundary non physical features and more up to date street information from municipal documents They were then converted to ARC INFO format and the Lambert Conic Conformal projection To update the digital EA boundaries the preliminary EA boundaries were overlaid on the updated Street Network Files to assign each block polygon an EA number attribute EA boundaries were then re created by dissolving the internal Street Network File features based on the EA number attribute The following diagrams illustrate the process described above EAs are delineated for census collection purposes and should follow visible physical and cultural features where possible so that the census enumerator can easily recognize the boundaries of his her enumeration area In densely populated areas this is not always possible since EAs are delineated to contain a maximum of 375 to 400 dwellings as an acceptable workload for census enumerators in urban centres Often imaginary lines which go through fields or split large city
57. graphic Attribute Data Base that have been identified up to the time of the release of this User Guide The Supplement indicates the erroneous linkages as well as showing if the error has been corrected on the appropriate digital boundary file If the error has been corrected on the digital boundary file there may be a discrepancy between the Digital Boundary File product as supplied by Statistics Canada and a digital boundary file that a user may create by doing his her own aggregation by linking the EA code through a digital product created from the Geographic Attribute Data Base The user should consult the Data Quality Statement of the linkage file used for any aggregations Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS 7 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 CD Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER nnn_CD91 nnn_CD91 E00 where nnn is the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn for the Canada coverage or nnn the 3 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER CD91 NAT_CD91 E00 for the Canada CD Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN CD91 MAN CD91 E00 for the Manitoba CD Digital Boundary File The ARC INFO coverage can be restored
58. graphic Attribute Data Base Supplement 2 to the Digital Boundary File User Guide contains a list of all the errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base that have been identified up to the time of the release of this User Guide The Supplement indicates the erroneous linkages as well as showing if the error has been corrected on the appropriate digital boundary file If the error has been corrected on the digital boundary file there may be a discrepancy between the Digital Boundary File product as supplied by Statistics Canada and a digital boundary file that a user may create by doing his her own aggregation by linking the EA code through a digital product created from the Geographic Attribute Data Base The user should consult the Data Quality Statement of the linkage file used for any aggregations 6 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 CCS Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER nnn CCS91 nnn CCS91 E00 where nnn is the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn NAT for the Canada coverage or nnn the 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA BC YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT CCS91 NAT CCS91 E00 for the Canada CCS Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN CCS91 MAN CCS91 E00 for the Manitoba CCS Digital Boundary File The A
59. han one part polygon Eight CTs comprise more than one polygon A complete list is provided in Appendix H Supplement 1 to this User Guide provides examples of how geographic units in multiple parts occur in the digital boundary files Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada ai Data Administration A EE des B ISS 10 2 2 Other Considerations Since CTs and CMA CAs do not aggregate to provinces territories or Canada boundaries the provincial territorial or Canada boundaries are not included in the 1991 CT Digital Boundary Files nor can they be derived from the CTs or CMA CAs The CT Digital Boundary File was created by linking EA codes in the EA Digital Boundary File to their corresponding CT numerical name on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Thus errors in the CT Digital Boundary Files may occur if there are geographic code linkage errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Supplement 2 to the Digital Boundary File User Guide contains a list of all the errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base that have been identified up to the time of the release of this User Guide The Supplement indicates the erroneous linkages as well as showing if the error has been corrected on the appropriate digital boundary file If the error has been corrected on the digital boundary file there may be a discrepancy between the Digital Boundary File product as supplied by Statistics Canada and a digital boundary file that a user ma
60. he 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA BC YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT FED91 NAT FED91 E00 forthe Canada FED Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN FED91 MAN FED91 E00 forthe Manitoba FED Digital Boundary File The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn EA91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user INFO Tables The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of a coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username PAT 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 4 12 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 FED 5 5 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 PROV 2 2 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFOG for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing FED 5 digit code identifying the FED the first 2 digits are the PR TERR code the last 3 digits are the FED code PROV the PR TERR code the first 2 digits in columns 17 18 of the 5 digit FED code can be accessed with this item na
61. ic Information Systems and mapping software The Digital Boundary Files do not include any software or instructions on how to use the product with specific software packages These products are basic boundary files in a polygon format with no underlying features such as streets or hydrography The Digital Boundary File products cover most levels of Statistics Canada s standard geographic areas Provinces and Territories PR TERR Federal electoral districts FEDs Census divisions CDs equivalent to counties Census subdivisions CSDs equivalent to local municipalities Census consolidated subdivisions groupings of CSDs Census tracts CTs equivalent to neighbourhoods Urban areas UAs dense concentrations of population Enumeration areas EAs the smallest geographic area for which census data are usually available All Digital Boundary File products were derived from the enumeration area digital base Detailed information is provided on the creation of the Enumeration Area Digital Boundary File product since the EA is the building block for creating all other standard geographic areas By understanding the creation of the EA Digital Boundary Files the user will be able to analyze and measure the quality of all levels of Digital Boundary Files for their own particular requirements Statistics Statistique Canada Canada KEN ve T Data Poisson JAdinistration des gm TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 ABOUT THIS
62. ics Canada defines a representative point formerly called a centroid for each EA in Canada Section 3 1 gives the definition and method of derivation for these points These representative points are used for data retrieval data analysis or statistical mapping The method of derivation of these points assures that they are 10096consistent with all of the Digital Boundary Files i e if the points are plotted as an additional layer with the Digital Boundary Files the points will fall in the correct boundary polygon This guarantee could not be made with the 1986 EA representative points and CARTLIBs 2 5 The Census Geography Hierarchies Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada de Data dereen EE des B ISS The Enumeration Area EA is defined as the area covered by one enumerator for the Census of Population and Housing An EA generally contains a minimum of 125 dwellings in rural areas to a maximum of 375 400 dwellings in large urban centres EAs must respect higher level geographic areas recognized by the census thus EAs can be aggregated to create all other geographic areas The geographic areas are part of the standard hierarchies used by Statistics Canada The following diagram shows these relationships as they pertain to the Digital Boundary Files i e from the smallest unit aggregated to the larger geographic units EA gt CSD gt CCS gt CD gt PROV TERR gt CANADA EA gt FED gt PROV TERR gt CANA
63. ide of a street between two consecutive intersections in large urban centres It is the smallest geographical unit available from Statistics Canada This computer file relates the block face to most standard levels of geography Included in the file are the block face representative point centroid the street names with corresponding address ranges geographical area codes and the block face 1991 population and dwelling counts GEOGRAPHY GUIDE BOOK n easy to understand language this publication explains the applications of most of Statistics Canada s geographic areas and their hierarchies Five brief case studies show the reader what steps to follow in research situations defines the geographic terms and describes related products and services available GEOCODING SERVICE This custom service allows users to define their own geographical area of study for census data retrievals This custom geography is produced from an aggregation at the block face level in large urban areas and at the enumeration area level for small urban and rural areas CUSTOM SERVICE If the standard geography products do not satisfy a user s need the Custom Service may be able to produce the product as a special request Examples include special data retrievals or merges using any of the geography computer files postal codes attribute files boundary files and street network files special population compilations using basic census collection records and digitizing
64. igital Boundary File 67 Appendix F CDs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CD Digital Boundary File 68 Appendix G 5 comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 UA Digital Boundary File 69 Appendix H CTs comprising more than one polygon in the 1991 CT Digital Boundary File 70 Appendix I Detailed Information on the CT Digital Boundary Files by or CA 71 Two supplementary documents are attached SUPPLEMENT 1 Examples of geographic units in multiple parts SUPPLEMENT 2 EA Linkage errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base and their impact on the Digital Boundary Files ARC INFO is a registered trademark of the Environmental Systems Research Institute Statistics Statistique Canada Canada 1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE Data Administration A EE des B ISS This User Guide 15 intended for users of any or all of the Digital Boundary File products The first section provides an overview of all the Digital Boundary Files including the general methodology used to create the products and a comparison with a 1986 product CARTLIB Each of the next 8 sections focuses on one of the geographic units for which a standard Digital Boundary File 15 available For each the content data quality and the technical specifications of the product are described in the following terms The content of the file gives the number of polygons and the format of th
65. igital Boundary File will plot names at the coordinates of the EA representative points see Section 3 1 which may not be the visual centre in small urban and rural areas 3 3 Technical Specifications The 1991 EA Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER nnn 91 nnn_EA91 E00 where nnn 15 the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn for the Canada coverage or nnn 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD NS NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA BC YUK NWT as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT_EA91 NAT_EA91 E00 for the Canada EA Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER 91 91 for the Manitoba EA Digital Boundary File The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn_EA91 E00 username where username 15 the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique Canada Canada INFO Tables Data Administration A EE des B ISS The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of coverage called username and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 B 0 17 EA
66. in electronic versions of the User Guide because of the illustrations which cannot be represented in ASCII format Supplement 2 lists EA linkage errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base and their impact on the Digital Boundary Files Both of these supplements will be updated as required The user can contact their nearest Regional Reference Centre for information on the latest update This User Guide does not provide details on specific software packages for using the Digital Boundary File products The user is advised to contact the specific software vendor for information A current list of software vendors able to supply Digital Boundary File products in their own formats is maintained by Statistics Canada Please contact your nearest Regional Reference Centre for information This report is based on the best information available at the time of its release It in no way constitutes a warranty of the data in the event that users may observe characteristics that deviate from those stated in this document In addition many geographic codes and numbers presented in this guide have been transcribed from computer screens and internal written reports and then key entered All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the key entry operation however no guarantee can be made that the codes and numbers 10096correct Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada ai Data Administration A EE des Dome OVERVIEW OF THE DIGITAL
67. iple parts 0347 Haileybury Boundary polygon is pinched 0663 Port McNicoll EA as 2 parts one being an island Alberta Stony Plain 2 British Columbia 0112 Cache Creek Boundary polygon is pinched 0567 Nakusp 2 The application of the population density criterion to CSDs in multiple parts 2 0681 Princeton EA as 2 parts one being an island Boundary polygon is pinched The following UAs straddle provincial boundaries thus are represented as 2 polygons in the Canada UA file one polygon in each of the 2 provinces The provincial boundary files will contain only that portion of the UA contained within the province New Brunswick 0122 Campbellton Quebec Quebec Ontario 0616 Ottawa Hull Manitoba 0282 Flin Flon Saskatchewan Saskatchewan 0478 Lloydminster Alberta UAs comprise more than one part as a result of the application of the delineation rules to CSDs in multiple parts When the CSD met the population density criterion 400 persons square kilometre all parts of the CSD were made Urban These will be reviewed for the 1996 Census Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des Appendix CTs comprising more than one polygon the 1991 CT Digital Boundary File PROVINCE CT NAME CMA CA NAME NUMBER OF EXPLANATION PARTS 0101 00 Qu bec CMA 421 Boundary polygon is pinched 0510 00 Montreal 462 A CSD boundar
68. iteria a visual centre was approximated The representative point coordinates will be overwritten by the ARC INFO label points if the ARC CREATELABELS command Is executed The x y coordinates of the EA representative points are maintained in the Geography Attribute Data Base and contained in the GEOREF and Geography Attribute File products They are also provided on the Postal Code Conversion File as point locators for postal codes in small urban and rural areas Contact your nearest Statistics Canada Regional Reference Centre for more information on these products Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des 3 2 Data Quality Statement The purpose of a data quality statement is to provide detailed information for users to evaluate the suitability of the data for a particular use Five fundamental components of a data quality statement are lineage positional accuracy logical consistency completeness and attribute accuracy ai 3 2 1 Lineage Lineage includes descriptions of the source material from which the data were derived and the methods of derivation including the dates of the source material and all transformations involved in producing the final digital files or map products This section relates the history of the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File from the original source materials to the final digital product This description does not contain all aspects but tries to cov
69. joined at a single point when the scale of the source map and the tolerances used in the computer software cause the polygon to be pinched when 2 points very close together snap to a single point 4 During the creation of EAs which comprised of one block face within a Street Network File a non physical feature was added using one or more street intersection to enclose the required block face In some cases this caused a surrounding EA to be split into two parts 5 In a very few cases EAs will appear as two polygons as the result of appending two contiguous Street Network Files For example the Calgary Street Network File was stored as two distinct files one for the UTM zone 11 the other for UTM zone 12 When the two files were appended a gap occurred between 2 representations of the same feature one in each file which had minor discrepancies in the x y coordinate values If an EA crosses that feature it will appear as 2 polygons joined at one point 3 2 7 For users of the Digital Boundary Files with the Street Network Files The 1991 EA Digital Boundary File created from the Street Network Files will be consistent with the features physical and non physical of the ARC INFO version of the Street Network File except in the following approximately 115 cases where non physical EA boundary features were missed from the Street Network Files Approximately 200 EAs are affected see Appendix B and their digital boundaries subsequentl
70. les containing streets railways hydrography and other physical features municipality boundaries and other relevant information such as feature names and address ranges The Street Network Files were originally digitized from maps at various scales ranging from 1 2 400 to 1 50 000 Street Network Files cover more than 60 of the population but less than 1 of the total land area Where available Street Network Files were used to generate the 1991 digital EA boundary files statistics Statistique Canada Canada ds Data ET eerste des Dane 1 EAs covered by Street Network Files most large urban centres and a few small urban centres During the two years prior to the census a preliminary set of EA boundary files FED was created from the Street Network Files using one of the following methods 1 Approximately 12 000 of the 22 000 EAs in Street Network File areas were manually delineated on map plots derived from the Street Network Files The digital boundaries were then created by extracting the coordinates of the Street Network File features that formed the perimeter of each EA using in house software The EAs were then formed into polygons 2 The remaining 10 000 digital EA boundaries were created automatically using ARC INFO based Computer Assisted Districting software system developed in house In most cases the EA boundaries followed Street Network File features Where this was not possible line se
71. lygons representing nnn 4068 CTs Nine CTs have more than one polygon See list in Appendix H A breakdown of the number of CTs by province territory the number of polygons per CT and other relevant information regarding the content and storage requirements of the file are given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF CTs POLYGONS CTs WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES POLYGON SEGMENTS ARC INFO Export files newfoundland o w Am Prince Edward Island SNE SE NEE BER REH Dwwswsik o el el Ap al 298 un As 408 00 Manitoba British coumbia am asd _ 16500 o o od zl zl 3 Northwest Territories 0 0 0 0 0 0 more detailed list of CMAs CAs showing the number of CTs within each and other relevant information is provided in Appendix I CTs are created within CMAs or CAs which contain a municipality CSD with a population of 50 000 or more at the last census The 15 also identified with any component PCMAs or PCAs if the CMA or 15 consolidated CTs aggregate to PCMAs and or PCAs which turn aggregate to the CMA or features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 20 i i P An arc is a line between two consecutive intersections
72. me PROV Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration EE des Dome 5 1991 CENSUS SUBDIVISION CSD DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILE 5 1 Content The national coverage of the 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File contains 6 435 polygons representing 6 006 CSDs 221 CSDs have more than one polygon see list in Appendix D A breakdown of the number of CSDs by province territory the number of polygons per CSD and other relevant information regarding the content of the file is given below PROVINCE NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF TOTAL TOTAL DISK TERRITORY OF CSDs POLYGONS CSDs WITH NUMBER OF NUMBER OF STORAGE MORE THAN LINE ARCS BYTES ONE SEGMENTS ARC INFO POLYGON Export files newfoundland w m e _ em 315 000 Prince Edward Island al Dwwswsik zl zl 52 00 el Ami al m ul Los 2 515 496000 Manitoba 160 000 5 REN DEE ua ege m al Al Northwest Territories 21 106 109 000 all features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points A line segment joins two consecutive points 10 i P An arc is line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Ge e e Geographic Codes Data Administration A EE des S ISS Each CSD 15 uniquely identified b
73. meration areas with tables sorted by both 1991 and 1986 codes As well indexes to equivalent groups of EAs are provided for 1991 and 1986 GEOREF This is a new diskette product designed for IBM compatible micro computers This product is based on the enumeration area EA and links EAs to higher levels of Geography Software 15 included to allow users to display different standard geographical areas and their relationship to other geographical areas For example for any standard geographic area the component EAs can be listed Or vice versa for any enumeration area Its linkage to other standard geographical areas can be shown It also features 1991 population and dwelling counts selected land areas the EA representative point centroid as well as noting which census subdivisions CSDs are covered the Street Network Files 5 5 STREET NETWORK FILES SNF These computer files provide the street network for most large urban centres in Canada They include streets rail road tracks and other features as well as relevant information such as street names and address ranges Street Network Files are used as the base for a user s geographic application software for mapping purposes or special applications such as transportation planning or delivery services The user should be aware of the vintages of the individual Street Network Files when considering the particular application DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILES Digital Boundary Files are available
74. mmuting interchange between the two is equal to at least 35 of the employed labour force living in the smaller or CA based the previous census The original CMAs or CAs are known as PCA subregions of the CMA or CA Province Refers to the major political division of Canada From a statistical point of view it 15 a basic unit for which data are tabulated and cross classified Provincial Census Tract PCT The general concept of a provincial census tract PCT is that of a permanent small urban and or rural neighbourhood like or community like area outside those census metropolitan areas CMAs and census agglomerations CAs having a census tract CT program Taken together CTs and PCTs cover all of Canada Provincial census tracts are delineated to encompass populations between 3 000 and 8 000 with a preferred average of 5 000 Boundaries as much as possible follow permanent physical features Rural Area The general concept of a rural area is that of a sparsely populated area Statistics Canada defines rural areas as those areas of Canada lying outside urban areas Standard Geographical Classification SGC The Standard Geographical Classification SGC 15 Statistics Canada s official classification of geographic areas in Canada The SGC provides unique numeric identification of three types of geographic areas These are provinces and territories census divisions CDs census subdivisions CSDs
75. nada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des L anness 2 EAs not covered by Street Network Files Parts of some large urban centres are not completely covered by a Street Network File In addition most small urban centres are not covered nor are rural areas The EAs in these areas were digitized using conventional digitizing methods with the ARC INFO geographic information system In all of these cases EAs were manually delineated onto base maps and the EAs digitized As EAs were updated on the base maps the digital EA boundaries were also updated The following background base maps were used for EA delineation The vintage indicated refers to the original map Updates to the street information as identified from the previous census had been manually drafted on the maps In large urban centres not covered by the Street Network Files For these manually produced maps with scales ranging from 1 2 400 to 1 75 000 the background base map information was obtained from various source documents National Topographic System NTS maps produced by Energy Mines and Resources Canada EMR municipal town plans road maps 1986 census collection maps and pre 1991 field update maps were used The map projections vary depending upon the sources The user can refer to the approximately 207 manually drafted maps in the 1991 EA Reference Maps Series 1 formerly called 135 which are photographically reduced versions of
76. nenericmay Lan sl aal om London laa BE i E E Ottawa Hull n inclut pas Hull im mp os Sault Ste Marie Lage al al zm EE M Windsor CMA MANITOBA Winnipeg CMA 602 156 156 4 115 432 Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data tere Ji sniswaion des Dane PROVINCE CMA CA NAME CODE NUMBER NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER TOTAL OF CT POLYGONS OF LINE NUMBER OF SEGMENTS ARCS SASKATCHEWAN Regina CMA 1 980 LL ld ges Lethbridge CA JL ox Matsqui Lum lel a Lesser JL I TN LO On 1 All features in the Digital Boundary Files are represented by a series of x y coordinates points segment joins two consecutive points An arc is a line between two consecutive intersections It will generally be composed of more than one line segment Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada
77. ns The lack of hydrographic features and shorelines may limit the usefulness of the product for cartographic applications where realistic shorelines are required and no underlying digital base features are available from other data files The lack of shoreline will also limit the usefulness of the product for analysis requiring real land area calculations e g population density 1991 Census data by EA may be used with the EA boundary file for spatial analysis and some mapping where the lack of shoreline is not important The 1991 EA Digital Boundary File will be consistent with Statistics Canada s other digital boundary products census subdivision census tract urban area federal electoral district etc since these boundary files were created by aggregating the component digital EA boundaries The Digital Boundary File products do not contain any underlying base features such as major lakes rivers or roads that the user may require for referencing the location of the EA boundary polygons The Street Network Files can be used as a base where they are available Statistics Canada does not have a corresponding digital base for areas outside of Street Network File areas Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des ausge The EA digital boundaries may not be precise if plotted at a larger scale than the scale of the source base maps used for digitizing The ARC INFOG version of the EA D
78. other even if they are continuous in the real world statistics Statistique Canada Canada No subsequent verification of EA boundaries was done using the map overlay technique Data Administration A EE des S ISS As noted earlier some EA boundaries follow hydrographic features however major shoreline areas such as the Great Lakes St Lawrence River and the Atlantic Pacific and Arctic Oceans are not depicted In these areas the EA boundaries are drawn and represented in the digital boundary files as straight lines which extend into major water bodies to ensure complete coverage of the land area and Islands and to follow official municipal boundaries In addition if an EA boundary follows a single line meandering feature such as a river or stream the EA boundary may appear questionable depending on the number of points used to represent the feature 3 2 3 Attribute Accuracy Attribute accuracy refers to the accuracy of the non positional information attached to each EA polygon The 1991 EA Digital Boundary File product in ARC INFO contains an 8 digit PR FED EA code as described in Section 3 1 The following checks were done in order to verify the accuracy of the 8 digit EA codes attached to each EA polygon EA codes in the digital EA boundary file were matched with the EA codes on the Geographic Attribute Data Base containing all EA codes and their linkages to other standard geographic ar
79. ringe An urban area within a CMA or CA but outside the urbanized core Rural fringe All territory within a CMA or CA lying outside urban areas Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS Electronic Shelf This is a new data service for the 1991 Census For some products geographic detail not included in the published program will be available Users are able to select individual tables in either print or electronic format in a variety of commonly used commercial software data formats Enumeration Area EA An enumeration area EA is the geographic area canvassed by one census representative Federal Electoral District FED A federal electoral district refers to any place or territorial area entitled to return a member to serve in the House of Commons source Canada Elections Act 1990 There are 295 FEDs in Canada according to the 1987 Representation Order Federal electoral districts are defined according to the following criteria 1 the legal limits and descriptions are the responsibility of the Chief Electoral Officer and are published in the Canada Gazette 2 FED limits are usually revised every 10 years after the results of the decennial census Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des S ISS Geocoding Geocoding refers to the technique that is used to geographically code and link census households to small geographical
80. rname and the following INFO table DATAFILE NAME username 5 ITEMS STARTING IN POSITION 1 COL ITEM NAME WDTH TYP N DEC ALTERNATE NAME 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 username 4 5 B 0 13 username ID 4 5 0 17 3 3 20 _ D D 26 PROV 2 2 REDEFINED ITEMS 17 _ 9 9 A description of this table follows Item Description Polygon Attribute Table AREA of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO PERIMETER of the polygon maintained by ARC INFO username maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing username ID maintained by ARC INFO for internal processing CA 3 character CA or CMA code CT NAME 6 character code for the CT numerical name form xxx xx PROV 2 digit province code CA CTNAME the CA or CMA code is concatenated to the CT name to allow the unique identification of the CT within a province or Canada Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Poisson JAdinistration des gm 11 GLOSSARY OF TERMS Block Face The general concept of a block face is one of a small recognizable geographical unit to which census data can be associated The goal is to approximate through aggregation user defined query areas for census data extraction and tabulation The block face refers to one side of a city street normally between consecutive intersections with streets or other physical features such as creeks or railways Censu
81. s Agglomeration CA The general concept of a census agglomeration CA is one of a large urban area together with adjacent urban and rural areas which have a high degree of economic and social integration with that urban area A CA is delineated around an urban area called the urbanized core and having a population of at least 10 000 based on the previous census Once a attains an urbanized core population of at least 100 000 based on the previous census it becomes a census metropolitan area Census Consolidated Subdivisions CCS The concept of a census consolidated subdivision is a grouping of small census subdivisions within a containing census subdivision created for the convenience and ease of geographic referencing Census consolidated subdivisions are defined within census divisions according to the following criteria 1 A census subdivision with a net land area greater than 25 square kilometres can form a CCS of its own 2 census subdivision with a net land area greater than 25 square kilometres and surrounded on more than half its perimeter by another census subdivision is usually included as part of the CCS formed by the surrounding census subdivision 3 Census subdivisions having a net land area smaller than 25 kilometres are usually grouped with a larger census subdivision 4 A census subdivision with a population greater than 100 000 according to the last census usually forms a CCS on its own 5
82. s in multiple parts component EAs comprise more than one part see Section 3 2 the CSD is an Indian Reserve which consists of one or more distinct and separate parts Statistics Statistique Canada Canada ai Data Administration A EE des B ISS 5 2 2 Other Considerations The SGC codes and boundaries are those that were in effect on January 1 1991 the Geographic Reference Date of the 1991 Census Where notification from provincial or territorial authorities was not received or was received after March 1 1991 the SGC code or limit of the CSD may not correspond with those recognized by provincial or territorial authorities The CSD Digital Boundary File was created by linking EA codes in the EA Digital Boundary files to their corresponding SGC code on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Thus errors in the CSD Digital Boundary Files may occur if there are geographic code linkage errors the Geographic Attribute Data Base Supplement 2 to the Digital Boundary File User Guide contains a list of all the errors on the Geographic Attribute Data Base that have been identified up to the time of the release of this User Guide The Supplement indicates the erroneous linkages as well as showing if the error has been corrected on the appropriate digital boundary file If the error has been corrected on the digital boundary file there may be a discrepancy between the Digital Boundary File product as supplied by Statistics Canada
83. ted from the central meridian called the 500 000 metre line those to the west of it having an easting value of less than 500 000 and those to the east of it having a value greater than 500 000 Eastings are all greater than 0 and less than 1 000 000 South north positions northings are designated by their distance in metres from the equator Because Canada s southernmost point 15 about 4 620 000 metres from the equator all points in Canada have a northing value greater than 4 620 000 Lambert Conformal Conic Projection map projection which is widely used for mapping Canada on one sheet since it provides good directional and shape relationships for mid latitude regions having a mainly east to west extent Standard parallels at 49 N and 77 N are most commonly used as well as a central meridian at 91 52 W Locations are specified in easting and northing co ordinates in metres relative to a pre defined origin Primary Census Metropolitan Area PCMA Primary Census Agglomeration PCA The primary census metropolitan area PCMA or primary census agglomeration PCA concept recognizes the fact that adjacent census metropolitan areas CMAs and census agglomerations CAs are socially and economically integrated within a larger consolidated CMA or CA Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada Data Aaministration Aaministration des ann es Adjacent CMAs and CAs are consolidated into a single CMA or CA if the total co
84. the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the CCSs The particular geography hierarchy involved in the aggregation is EA gt CSD and then CSD gt CCS gt CD gt PR TERR gt CANADA 6 2 1 CCSs comprising more than one part polygon The concept of a CCS is a grouping of small CSDs within a containing CSD created for the convenience and ease of geographic referencing In general CCSs should be a contiguous geographic area however 25 CCSs comprise two or more non contiguous parts A complete list is provided in Appendix E Twenty three of the 25 CCSs are non contiguous because a component CSD comprises more than one part with one part being non contiguous from the larger containing CSD The remaining two CCSs 2462912 and 2462920 were delineated following the explicit delineation rules resulting with the non contiguous parts The rules will be reviewed and the 2 CCSs will be corrected for the 1996 Census Supplement 1 to this User Guide provides examples of geographic units in multiple parts Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Ge e e Data Administration A EE des B ISS 6 2 2 Other Considerations The CCS Digital Boundary File has been created by linking CSD codes in the CSD Digital Boundary file to their corresponding CCS code on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Thus errors in the CCS Digital Boundary Files may occur if there are geographic code linkage errors on the Geo
85. tional EA Digital Boundary File contains 46 103 boundary polygons representing the 45 955 EAs used for the dissemination of 1991 census data 69 EAs have more than one part a list of these EAs 15 given in Appendix C Data are limited to EA boundary polygons No other major features are present In addition since the objective of the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File is to depict EAs as defined for census collection major shorelines as described earlier are not represented Statistics Statistique Canada Canada 3 2 6 EAs comprising more than one part polygon Data Administration A EE des B ISS Appendix lists all the EAs with more than one part polygon An EA can comprise more than one part polygon due to the manner of delineation or digitization or due to technical reasons given below Examples depicting geographic units in multiple partes are given in Supplement 1 to the User Guide 1 n general if an EA consists of a group of islands or part of the mainland and one or more islands the EA boundary is drawn and then digitized with a line enclosing all of the component parts However in some cases or more of the islands and or the mainland portion were digitized separately Other discontinuities may be caused by water bodies 2 Some EAs within CSDs comprising more than one part were delineated in more than one part for example Indian Reserves 3 The structure of an EA may create 2 parts
86. tration des ann es In the EA Digital Boundary File the coordinates of the ARC INFO label point have been replaced by the coordinates of the EA representative points This will have an impact when plotting with ARC INFO areas not covered by the Street Network File since the attribute information may not appear at the centre of the polygon as might be expected An example is given below Three EAs are depicted in the diagram below The shaded EA Is in the Street Network File coverage the other two EAs not The symbol _ denotes dwellings streets as they might appear on the source map The symbol indicates the location of the EA representative point In the example displayed above the EA representative point in the Street Network File EA is positioned relative to the centre of the polygon regardless of the location of the streets or dwellings Outside Street Network File areas the EA representative points are positioned based on the dwelling street concentration as shown on the source base maps within the EA ARC INFO will plot the EA code at these points The EA boundary file has some occurrences of EAs in multiple parts as explained earlier Outside Street Network File coverage areas only the principal part with the largest dwelling concentration has the manually selected and digitized EA representative point Label points for the other EA parts were also manually digitized with no special attention to the dwelling cr
87. ts the preliminary EA boundary file overlaid onto the updated Street Network File The EA codes are automatically assigned to each block polygon Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada KEN ve T At this point manual intervention may revise EA codes to change or correct the boundaries as shown below Boundaries may change as a result of updated information such as new streets or dwellings Boundaries may require correcting as a result of ongoing checking procedures Data Administration A EE des B ISS The streets common to neighbouring blocks within the same EA are dissolved or eliminated The resulting EA boundary file is depicted below Edge matching Street Network Files have traditionally been created and maintained as individual files consisting of one or several municipalities depending on size The process described above was done prior to the edge matching of contiguous Street Network Files Edge matching was thus required to join the individual EA boundary files created using this process Subsequent edge matching of the Street Network Files was performed ARC INFO format independently from the corresponding EA boundary files Approximately 120 discrepancies were found at municipality boundaries when comparing the EA boundary file to the Street Network File for the same area These discrepancies remain in the files and will be corrected in future updates Statistics Statistique Ca
88. ures and boundaries No numerical measurements of positional accuracy have been made Positional accuracy is presented here in terms of descriptive statements comparing the digital files to the source base materials After the preliminary EA boundary files were created by FED as described under 3 2 1 Lineage a complete verification process was conducted where the preliminary EA boundary files were plotted and overlaid on the original source maps Acceptable tolerances were defined as 1 6 mm East West and 1 mm North South as measured on the source map The following observations were made and actions taken In large urban centres Street Network File coverage EA boundary errors could only occur if the boundary followed an incorrect feature since the EA limits were generated from the Street Network Files Errors were marked and subsequently corrected In small urban centres The diversity of source documents and scales used for small urban areas have resulted in poor positional accuracy of the EA boundaries when plotted over the source base maps Some EA boundaries had errors much greater than the tolerance these were not corrected due to the difficulty in locating valid control points In rural areas Errors were marked and subsequently corrected Boundaries crossing map sheets were digitized as they appeared on the source maps Because of the diversity of source map vintages digitized features may not appear continuous from one map sheet to the
89. user defined boundaries for a user s own computer software Some custom mapping is available Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada 12 2For Further Information Data Administration A EE des S ISS For further information the Digital Boundary Files or other geographic products and services available from Statistics Canada contact your nearest Regional Reference Centre If you live outside the local dialing area call one of the toll free numbers provided in the list that follows Newfoundland and Labrador Statistics Canada Advisory Services 3rd Floor Viking Building Crosbie Road St J ohn s Newfoundland A1B 3P2 Local calls 709 722 4073 Toll free 1 800 563 4255 Fax 1 709 772 6433 Maritime Provinces Statistics Canada Advisory Services North American Life Centre 3rd Floor 1770 Market Street Halifax Nova Scotia B3J 3M3 Local calls 902 426 5331 Toll free 1 800 565 7192 Fax 1 902 426 9538 Quebec Statistics Canada Advisory Services 200 Rene Levesque Blvd West Guy Favreau Complex 4th floor East Tower Montr al Quebec H2Z 1X4 Local calls 514 283 5725 Toll free 1 800 361 2831 Fax 1 514 283 9350 National Capital Region Statistics Canada Statistical Reference Centre Lobby R H Coats Building Tunney s Pasture Holland Avenue Ottawa Ontario K1A 076 Local calls 613 951 8116 If outside the local calling area dial the toll free number for your province Fax 1 613 9
90. with spreadsheet software or on paper output For additional information please contact the nearest Regional Reference Centre The Dissemination Division is responsible for CANSIM Statistics Canada s computerized database network and information retrieval service Users are provided with access to current and historical statistics in various forms including specialized data manipulation and analysis packages graphics facilities and a bibliographic search service For more information about CANSIM contact any Regional Reference Centre Statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des B ISS Appendix A Lambert Conformal Conic Projection Parameters The Lambert Conformal Conic Projection is a map projection which is widely used for mapping Canada on one sheet since it provides good directional and shape relationships for mid latitude regions having a mainly east to west extent Standard parallels at 49 N and 77 N are most commonly used as well as a central meridian at 91 52 W Locations are specified in easting and northing co ordinates in metres relative to a pre defined origin The specific parameters are 49 N latitude of lower standard parallel 77 latitude of upper standard parallel 91 52 W Central Meridian 63 23 26 43 latitude of projection s origin 6 200 000 false northing meters 3 000 000 false easting meters Statistics Statistique Canad
91. y corrected using computer assisted techniques The missing non physical features will be added to the Street Network Files in future updates approximately 120 cases where the edge matching of some contiguous Street Network Files was done independently of the edge matching of the corresponding digital EA boundary file Statistics Statistique WE Canada Canada d Data terre A EE des These discrepancies should not impact the usefulness of the EA boundary file for mapping using the Street Network File an underlying base An example of this is the 1991 EA Reference Map Series 1 formerly called G13s produced automatically using the Street Network Files and a production version of the EA Digital Boundary File Thus the user can refer to these maps for a physical representation of these digital file products These discrepancies between the Street Network File and the EA boundary file may have some impact if the two digital data files are joined or vertically integrated using appropriate software Appendix B lists the EAs which will have portions of their boundaries missing in the Street Network File There may be further discrepancies between the EA Digital Boundary File and the Street Network Files obtained in the traditional ASCII format since these latter files have not been edge matched The user should refer to the Data Quality Statement for the Street Network Files for more information on the source material
92. y change split the CT Ontario 0101 00 Windsor 559 2 In reality this CT is in one part however the merging of 2 Street Network Files created 2 polygons joined at one point 0001 00 Thunder Bay 595 The smaller of the 2 parts is caused by an incorrect linkage on the Geographic Attribute Data Base Saskatchewan 0100 04 Regina 705 2 In reality this CT is in one part however the merging of 2 Street Network Files created 2 polygons joined at one point Alberta 0001 04 Calgary In reality this CT is in one part however the merging of 2 Street Network Files at a UTM zone created 2 polygons joined at one point Columbia 0251 00 Vancouver 933 Two islands within the same CT were digitized separately 0155 02 Victoria 935 2 Agroup of islands were digitized as a separate part of the CT Statistics Statistique 5 Canada Canada Data eeleren A EE des B ISS Appendix Detailed Information on the CT Digital Boundary Files by CMA CA PROVINCE CMA CA NAME CODE NUMBER NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER TOTAL OF CT POLYGONS OF LINE NUMBER OF SEGMENTS ARCS NEWFOUNDLAND La John s CWA w of a nova scotia Halifax cma xs 634 NEW BRUNSWICK Saint J ohn CMA rm QUEBEC Chicoutimi J onquiere 408 35 35 1 909 98 Leem Ottawa Hull n inclut pas Ottawa ONTARIO Brantford lam le a BG PI parton scm LL el _ am _ e L ns a zl Al s J iite
93. y compatible e g a CSD boundary may not exactly overlay a matching CT boundary However for 1991 a digital boundary file was created for all EAs for the first time Since EAs are the building blocks for all other standard geographic areas EA boundaries were aggregated to create higher level geographic areas For example EA boundaries were aggregated to create CT boundaries rather than digitizing the CT boundaries separately as was done in 1986 n this way the consistency of all digital boundary products is assured Another major change is that unlike the present boundary files CARTLIBs were augmented with shorelines and some hydrographic features in order to provide more visually realistic cartographic products The 1991 Digital Boundary Files do not have cartographic shorelines Boundaries following rivers depicted as single lines on the original source maps generally in the more rural parts of the country follow the natural curves of the river However boundaries will extend into major shoreline areas such as the Great Lakes St Lawrence River the Atlantic Pacific and Arctic Oceans as well as rivers depicted as double lines on the original source maps Thus Digital Boundary Files are not suitable for mapping applications where realistic shoreline is important or for computing land areas Finally the placement of the EA representative point within the corresponding boundary polygons is 10096 guaranteed with the 1991 products Statist
94. y create by doing his her own aggregation by linking the EA code through a digital product created from the Geographic Attribute Data Base The user should consult the Data Quality Statement of the linkage file used for any aggregations statistics Statistique Canada Canada Data Administration A EE des S ISS 10 3Technical Specifications The 1991 CT Digital Boundary Files are in ARC INFO EXPORT format They were created using the following ARC commands EXPORT COVER 91 where nnn 15 the abbreviation to represent the level of coverage created nnn for the Canada coverage or nnn the 3 or 4 character abbreviation for each of the province or territories NFLD PEI NB QUE ONT MAN SASK ALTA BC YUK NWT or the 3 character CMA CA code as demonstrated by the following examples EXPORT COVER NAT_CT91 NAT_CT91 E00 for the Canada CT Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER MAN CT91 MAN CT91 E00 for the Manitoba CT Digital Boundary File EXPORT COVER CA705 CT91 CA705 CT91 for the CT Digital Boundary File for CMA CA 705 The ARC INFO coverage can be restored using the following commands IMPORT COVER nnn_CT91 E00 username where username is the name selected by the user Statistics Statistique Canada Canada INFO Tables Data Administration A EE des B ISS The execution of the commands outlined in the previous section will result in the creation of coverage called use
95. y its Standard Geographical Classification SGC code The SGC is Statistics Canada s official classification providing unique numeric identification for three types of geographic areas These are provinces and territories census divisions CDs census subdivisions CSDs The three geographic areas are hierarchically related CSDs aggregate to CDs which in turn aggregate to a province or aterritory This relationship is reflected in the 7 digit SGC code PR TERR CD CSD XX XX XXX 2 digits 2 digits 3 digits The 7 digit SGC code 15 assigned to each CSD polygon 5 2 Data Quality Statement The 1991 CSD Digital Boundary File was created by aggregating EA polygons in the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File as described in Section 2 6 General Methodology The user should review the Data Quality Statement for the 1991 EA Digital Boundary File Section 3 2 since the quality of that file has a direct implication on the derived CSD Digital Boundary File and the uses and considerations described therein will also apply to the CSDs The particular geography hierarchy involved in the aggregation Is EA gt CSD gt CCS gt CD gt PR TERR gt CANADA 5 2 1 CSDs comprising more than one part polygon A complete list of all CSDs comprising more than one polygon Is given in Appendix D CSDs can comprise more than one polygon for the following reasons Refer to Supplement 1 to this User Guide Illustrations are provided which depict geographic unit

1991 DIGITAL BOUNDARY FILES USER GUIDE

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