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Schematic Design Tools 386+ User's Guide

1. 182 Defining title block information Extended ASCII characters Chapter 9 Tips and techniques The ANSI title block conforms to the guidelines given in ANSI Standard Y14 1 1980 As you can see in figure 9 2 the ANSI title block is larger than the default OrCAD title block On an A size drawing it takes up a large amount of the drawing area See On the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen in this section for instructions on how to create an ANSI title block NOTE If you use an ANSI title block you may want your worksheet to have ANSI standard dimensions These dimensions are given in tables 1 2 and 1 6 in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Since most if not all PC compatible printers and plotters cannot print as close to the edge of the page as specified in the ANSI standard OrCAD s default worksheet dimensions are reduced These reduced dimensions are given in tables 1 4 and 1 5 in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide If your printer or plotter can print closer to the edge of the paper adjust the worksheet size in the Template Table area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen You can define title block information either in Draft or on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen You can use extended ASCII characters in all title block fields except Sheet Size To type extended ASCII characters make sure that the NumLock function on the keyboard is enabled hol
2. orcan Title 4 Bit Adder Hierarchy COMPLEX Size pocument Number Date November 8 1990 Sheet Figure 8 8 The root worksheet of the 4 bit adder design 166 The 4 bit adder root worksheet Chapter 8 Structuring your design 1 On the Schematic Design Tools screen click the title bar or any place that is not a button and then select Design Management Tools The Design View portion of the Design Management Tools screen displays 2 Select 4BIT from the Design list box 3 Select OK The main screen displays 4 Select Schematic Design Tools and then select Execute The Schematic Design Tools screen displays 5 Select Draft and then select Configure Schematic Tools The Configure Schematic Design Tools screen displays 6 Goto the Library Options area configure TTL LIB and select OK 7 Select Draft and then select Execute The 4BIT root worksheet displays figure 8 8 The 4 bit adder design is a three sheet complex hierarchy The root worksheet contains four identical sheet symbols fulladd_1 fulladd_2 fulladd_3 and fulladd_4 These sheet symbols refer to four identical full adders Because they are identical it is not necessary to have a separate worksheet for each one but it is necessary to assign the full adder worksheet s filename to all four sheet symbols Notice that all of the sheet symbols on the root worksheet have the filename FULLADD SCH 167 Schematic Des
3. 000ssssesssessseevecececeeeeceseeeesaceaessneeasaneesesseseeseseseseseeevevevssevevevensaes 71 Capture a macro to begin a Wire eseeeresresreresseererssessseereerseerserereseerrerrereere 71 Save the marO aroetan aaae en Ea a E RR aa EEE Ea EENES 72 viii Contents Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic continued Placing the power SYMDOL ssccsscssscessessecessssersesesseesecesnscseeserereesesesseseseeoes 73 Dragging WiTES ccsccccssccessscesnesesseeerseeeeseeeesneeesesccsssessessarscecessesesssenereeeeeareeses 74 Editing part fields sccsscsssscsssrcssnesssnccsssecssesesseneensnonssssesaseesaseoseseosarsones 75 Placing comment teXt sccccccssssresccsesssreeeesesserecessessrseseesseesseessensesseeeasereseaees 75 Changing viewpoints ssccsscsssscsssessnecessserseeerseesnsenesesossssesssscsreseesescneneoes 76 Jump to new coordinates ssesseeseesserssesseeerersrersernrersererererrersneeseereresreereeese 76 Tag and jump to specific locations csessesesseessceseecneeeseseneeteteeteeseenens 77 Making a quick print cccsssccsssscesssneceessseserssecersseesesssseesersacesevsnseaseesnesoesnens 78 Update the file sscccssssssrssnrcsscssrsenecssncsessessssssnscsssesccessossocseoonseenes 78 Make a hardcopy of the worksheet csccscssssesseesseeserssessseresseeenseneeee 78 Ending a Draft work Session eessssseererererseerersererererereensrer
4. Figure 9 4 Plot of a title block with lines suppressed NOTE This also turns off the border around the drawing area during printing 185 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 186 Text Lines and text To suppress title block text and leave title block lines on the worksheet display the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Pan down to the Color and Pen Plotter Table area Click in the Pen box to the right of Title Text Enter 99 to tell Plot Schematic not to plot the title block s text When you open a worksheet in Draft notice that the title block text still displays However it does not appear on the plot as shown in figure 9 5 Figure 9 5 Plot of a title block with text suppressed There are two ways to suppress both title block lines and text Use Draft s SET Title Block No command If you use this method the title block and its text do not display on the screen or appear on a print or a plot Set both the title block and title text to a pen of 99 on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen If you use this method the title block and its text plus the border around the drawing area all display on the screen but do not appear on a plot gt Helpful hint If you are plotting on paper that has your title block preprinted on it suppress the title block and its text as described previously Use Draft s PLACE Text command to place text in the correct position so that when you
5. Figure 8 15 FULLADDA SCH schematic uec 7aL S0n fra 441804 ven 41537 veo 7 Lsoe usA arson orcan Frie Ralf Adder Lowest Level of Hierarchy Bize pacument Number REV A tv Date November 6 i990 eheet fot PEJ Figure 8 16 HALFADDB SCH schematic 175 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 176 USR FALSOR k D use 7 Lso8 l R Title Ralf Adder Lowect Level of Mierarchy Figure 8 17 HALFADDC SCH schematic Orcan Title 1 Bit Full Adder Hierarchy COMPLEX Ss 7e Necument Number RPV L ae eS E Figure 8 18 FULLADDB SCH schematic Chapter 8 Structuring your design vea 74LE08 OrCAD TiETa Halt Adder lowcat Leve of Hiararchy Figure 8 19 HALFADDD SCH schematic ven 741208 74Ls32 OrCAD ITS tle Halt Adder laeweat ieva of Hierarchy ize Document Number A Rovember 0 1890lshest 10 or Figure 8 20 HALFADDE SCH schematic 177 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide OTETI 1 Bil Ful Adder Hierarchy Ka Pocument Number Dates November 0 1290 COMPLEX Da Figure 8 21 FULLADDC SCH schematic vec Fareoe woe 141832 vav 741 308 uraa 741808 TiTe Halt Adder Coweat leve of Hierarchy REV Eize bocuwent Number a Vv l F
6. 1 Select QUIT from the main Quit TUTOR SCH menu Draft displays the Enter Sheet filename and the QUIT menu Leave Sheet shown at right Update Fite write to File 2 Select Update File Draft Initialize saves the file Suspend to System Abandon Edits Run User Commands 3 Leave Draft by selecting Abandon Edits Draft exits to the Schematic Design Tools screen 47 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Setting up automatically 48 In addition to using SET to control Draft s work conditions you can automate the process of defining Draft work conditions by configuring Schematic Design Tools so that the macro you just created runs every time you run Draft A macro that runs when the tool starts is called an initial macro 1 Select Draft from the Schematic Design Tools screen 2 Select Configure Schematic Tools from the menu that displays The Configure Schematic Design Tools screen displays 3 Scroll to the Macro Options area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen 4 Position the pointer within the Draft Macro File entry box and press lt Enter gt This entry box defines the name of the macro file you created earlier in this chapter 5 Enter the macro path and filename Draft Macro File orcad tutor tutor mac Notice that the Draft Initial Macro entry box becomes accessible not dimmed when you enter text in the Draft Macro File entry box 6 Position the pointer within the Draft Init
7. Follow these steps to configure and run Annotate Schematic 1 Select Annotate Annotate Schematic Schematic from the Execute Schematic Design Tools Local Configuration screen The menu at Assign Hot Key right displays Show version Configure Schematic Tools Select Local Configur Help ation and then select Configure ANNOTATE The Configure Annotate Schematic screen displays figure 7 2 Configure Annotate Schematic File options Source UTOR SCH aes source file is the root of the desion Osource file is a single sheet Processing Options Dloviet mode Do noT chance the sheet number Dunemoctate schematic Q Report the last assigned reference values Reset reference numbers to begin With 1 on each sheet of the hierarchy Incremental annotation Conly update reference designators shoun as 7 Ouncondit tonal annotation Cusdate al reference designators gt Ot encre varnines Figure 7 2 The Configure Annotate Schematic screen Notice that the Source entry box contains the filename TUTOR SCH The Source name is initially set to the name in the Root Sheet entry box of the Design Management Tools screen Under File Options select Source file is a single sheet NOTE When you run Annotate Schematic on a multiple sheet design select Source file is the root of the design 4 Select OK Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools 5 Select Annotate Schematic and then Execute
8. In Draft worksheets are analogous to the sheets of drafting paper on which you draw schematics A worksheet appears on the computer screen as a rectangular area in which you can place parts and draw wires When you save your work in Draft the worksheet is saved as a schematic file in the current design directory If you do not provide a name Draft uses the name of the design directory and the extension SCH A design directory contains all the files for a particular design In the default OrCAD directory structure all design directories are subdirectories of the ORCAD directory 13 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 14 Design structures Flat designs Some designs are small enough to be represented entirely on a single schematic worksheet Schematic Design Tools 386 standard page sizes correspond to the five standard sheet sizes for plotters and printers A through E for U S inch and A4 through AO for ISO metric You can also create custom page sizes up to 65 inches square However some designs are too large for even the biggest sheet and even if a very complex design could fit on one sheet there are good reasons for dividing it To partition a design so that several people can work on it at once To develop the design using a top down approach That is you may want to begin with a block diagram in which each block represents a major function and then construct more detailed diagrams for each of th
9. Chapter 9 Tips and techniques 22 In this chapter you use Edit Library to define a custom part a seven segment display You learn how to draw the part body draw special shapes use shading add pins to the part body add pin names and save the new part ina library In this chapter you capture the final portion of the digital clock schematic You learn how to draw a repeatable portion of the schematic make and place multiple copies of it write and use a macro and use repeat parameters to place wires and labels This chapter introduces you to some of the other tools included in Schematic Design Tools You learn to use Annotate Schematic Check Electrical Rules Create Netlist Back Annotate Create Bill of Materials and Plot Schematic This chapter describes and reviews a complex hierarchy and shows how to convert a complex hierarchy to a simple hierarchy Flat designs and how to link sheets are also reviewed This chapter provides a collection of tips and techniques that you can use to enhance your ability to use Schematic Design Tools productively This chapter does not follow the tutorial style of the other chapters CHAPTER 2 wW Introducing Draft Before you begin lt Enter gt In this chapter you establish Draft s work conditions You learn how to Run ESP Run Design Management Tools Set up work conditions for Draft the schematic editor Run Draft Capture and save an initial macro
10. Save your work Before you begin the exercises presented in this part of the user s guide take a minute to review the conventions used in this user s guide and to learn some operating system basics Schematic Design Tools 386 is designed to operate on a wide variety of computer systems Since many computers label their keyboard keys differently OrCAD has adopted standards to name two of the most widely used keys Whenever you see lt Enter gt it means to press the lt Enter gt key on your keyboard On your keyboard the lt Enter gt key may be labeled Enter New Line Next Return or Send 23 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 24 lt Ctrl gt Other keys Mouse basics Keyboard input Throughout the user s guide you are instructed to enter text For example the instructions may read Enter the filename This means to type the name of the file and press lt Enter gt If you are instructed to Type the following characters you should type the specified characters without pressing the lt Enter gt key Whenever you see lt Ctrl gt it means to hold down the lt Ctrl gt key and press another key For example if the instructions say press lt Ctrl gt lt A gt you should hold down the lt Ctrl gt key and press the lt A gt key Alphanumeric function and special keys are shown in angle brackets Examples include lt F1 gt lt Enter gt and lt Esc gt Clicking the left mouse b
11. and select Begin 4 Move the pointer so the rectangle encloses the minutes circuit 5 Select End The minutes circuit is highlighted and the Place command line displays Place Find Jump Zoom 6 Look at the Y coordinate on the screen Carefully move the copy to the right of the original keeping the copy at the same Y coordinate When the block is positioned correctly select Place NOTE Be sure the copy is horizontally aligned with the original and that there is enough space between the two to allow more wires to be drawn Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic 7 After you place the copy of the circuit the outline displays again so you can continue placing copies 8 Next place a copy of the circuit to the left of the original Again be sure that the copy is at the same Y coordinate as the original 9 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the highlighted copy of the block and the Place command line It s been a while since you had a look at the schematic you re duplicating Figure 6 3 is another copy of the logic and display circuit schematic Your worksheet should look similar to the worksheet shown in figure 6 3 mi ask Bsus pe rms Minum pi M ini Logic and Display Circuit Figure 6 3 The logic and display circuitry Finishing the Figure 6 3 shows how the clock logic will look once you wiring place the wires to connect the seconds minutes and hou
12. lt R gt and lt Enter gt to select the resistor part from the TUTOR LIB library An image of the resistor displays on the worksheet 2 Move the image to location 17 60 12 30 and press lt P gt or press lt Enter gt and select Place to place the resistor 3 Press lt Esc gt 4 Press lt G gt to display the Get prompt Enter CAP An image of the capacitor displays on the worksheet Place the capacitor at location 17 60 13 00 6 Press lt Esc gt 7 Press lt G gt to display the Get prompt Enter GND An image of the ground symbol displays on the worksheet 8 Place the ground symbol two grid spaces below the bottom of the capacitor symbol and then press lt Esc gt You have now placed all the parts and symbols for the clock oscillator circuit on the worksheet The next step is to place the wires 57 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Drawing wires 58 Compare your worksheet with figure 3 1 at the beginning of this chapter Your worksheet should contain the parts shown in figure 3 1 but not the wires Most of the remaining tasks in this chapter establish signal connections between the parts you placed on the worksheet 1 Select PLACE from the main menu The PLACE menu displays Select Wire The PLACE Wire command line displays Move the pointer until it rests at the free end of the output pin of the leftmost inverter This is location 13 50 12 00 Select Begin th
13. I1 CLK I1 CLK Passive Passive Input Passive Passive Passive Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Passive Passive Passive Power Power Power Passive Passive Passive Passive Input Input Input Input Input Input Power Passive Power Power Power Power Power Power Figure 7 10 The wirelist format netlist continued from previous page 142 TIL309 22V10 22V10 470UF 9V LM7805 22UF 47UF 100K 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 22V10 MODE MODE MODE 22V10 22V10 22V10 01UF 01UF 01UF MODE TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 74LS04 O1UF TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 TIL309 Running Back Annotate Change reference designator values Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools If you want to change the reference designator values assigned by Annotate Schematic or the values you manually assigned you need not reopen the worksheet and edit the reference designators one by one Back Annotate lets you change as many reference designators as you want in a single operation You create a text file containing the current and new values called a WAS IS file and then run Back Annotate specifying the worksheet name and the WAS IS filenam
14. R8 100k Si Mode S2 Reset ul 74LS04 U2 U3 U4 22V10 Figure 7 13 The TUTOR design bill of materials 146 Running Plot Schematic Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools The last task in this chapter is to plot the design you have created so far Use Plot Schematic to send designs to a plotter or optionally to a printer using the Send output to printer button NOTE This section focuses on running Plot Schematic and assumes you have configured Schematic Design Tools and connected your printer or plotter correctly Many variables affect plotting As with other mechanical processes make sure your equipment paper pens and so on is in good working order and is set up properly See the Appendix E Plotter information in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for more details about using your plotter with OrCAD tools Follow these steps to configure and run Plot Schematic 1 Select Plot Schematic Local Configuration and then Configure PLOTALL The Configure Plot Schematic screen displays If you are using a printer instead of a plotter select Send output to printer NOTE When plotting a multiple sheet design Plot Schematic plots every worksheet in the design unless you select the Source file is a single sheet option Worksheets of sheetpath parts are plotted only if you select Descend into sheetpath parts 147 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Summary 148 2 I
15. Runining Cr ate Netlist sai csctsctecrs sioectaseesitedvansasnssnss tau occa emenigahi ase iiiaae 136 Specify where to get the module value cssssesssecessseeeneeeetetstseeeeees 137 Create a netlist in WIRELIST format cccssccccessssesessteesessnsessssneeceseeees 138 Running Back Annotatsioon seiced desenes eais ne Kaa SETTENE aai 143 Change reference designator values sesessseessseossreesreeesssrrersseresssesssstresene 143 Running Create Bill of Materials siicscsesesecssyscesossavanadeaveaveasencesenecsnaanascoarslanes 145 Make a parts listassa nea EAREN EE T REEE Na 145 R nning Plot Schematics lt vass3 0 essucucecassnsvneesannnbessignueendaaannidusadsnsenwass danian 147 SURNUETTALY Woh icp ET T E E 148 xi Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 8 Structuring your design scscccccccccececessssssesenseeeeeeecsceesssseneneeeeseesenenes 149 A flat desigiisis ieren eenia etan rapeaa eaa ay tas cay EEA acta ETENA du TEKEE a 149 The ILINK command u ccc es cccessscccceessseeeseeessssceescecssnsessseessseessssseeeeress 149 Module oe o ee 149 Creating new deSigns cccccccccccssscceeeeseeeeeessesesesensesseeseeeeeeseeseseensesesenceeeeseseeeues 151 A simple hierarchical design cccsssseseccceceseeeesesssssnacaeceeseeeeesesnseaenaeeeeenense 153 TID E E p T e iris lees N TE N E EEE EEE EEEE EEA 154 The root worksheet CMOSCPU SCH scccccsssssrseceesssssneecessnaeeesssnaseees
16. The horizontal wire that runs just below the hours display should stop at the wire that extends from pin 12 of the leftmost numeric display Delete this wire and redraw the portion to the right of pin 12 Delete the junction at the end of the pin 12 wire You have now connected all of the wires in the logic and display portion of the schematic Select ZOOM Select 5 to view the entire schematic It should look like figure 6 3 Note that the clock oscillator circuit and the power regulator circuit on your schematic do not show in figure 6 3 Figure 6 7 shows how the schematic will look when you complete the remaining steps in this chapter Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Chapter 6 FINDGID 40 1250 AVOID 1024 9 ojdsi g pue gt 607 son sors ci Ga oor weet teow vs End Ta 5 g Pani 109 Figure 6 7 Completed TUTOR SCH schematic Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Finishing the clock schematic Compare the schematic in figure 6 7 with the schematic you have captured so far Notice that you need to add a few parts and draw a few more wires to have a functional circuit You also need to edit the labels and other text MILTIME is set 24 hour format e for S1A O Mode 12 24 1 vec 110 Figure 6 8 Switches resistors and other parts to be placed The callouts refer to the step
17. your system run the INSTALL program from the Install disk Most illustrations in OrCAD manuals use EPS1 DRV 191 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Locally configure the Plot Schematic tool Plot the schematic to disk Placing EPS in WINWORD Placing EPS into Word 5 0 Transfer the plot file from the PC to the Macintosh Open a Word document 192 Display Plot Schematic s local configuration screen Select the option Send output to a file and the Create a plot file option below it Some applications such as WINWORD require that EPS filenames end with EPS so enter EPS in the File Extension entry box Then select Automatically scale and set X Y offsets for specified sheet size and the A size option below Once the tools are configured you make an EPS file by executing Plot Schematic You can now bring the EPS file into other applications In WINWORD version 2 0 EPS support is built into NORMAL DOT Make sure your EPS filename ends with EPS required by WINWORD s EPS filter Open NORMAL DOT select Insert then Picture and enter the name of the EPS file Ina moment the placeholder for the EPS image appears That is all there is to it The schematic does not display on your screen but it will print on a PostScript printer Earlier versions of WINWORD worked differently so be sure to read the README DOC file that accompanies version 2 0 On the Macintosh as in Word for Windows you can place th
18. As it processes Annotate Schematic scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen figure 7 3 Annotation OrCAD SDT 386 V1 20 19 AUG 94 C Copyright 1991 1992 1993 OrCAD Inc ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Reading Configuration Data File sdt bcf Figure 7 3 Status messages display at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen When Annotate Schematic is finished the monitor box disappears and the full Schematic Design Tools screen displays 6 Run Draft and examine the TUTOR SCH worksheet Note the reference designators and pin numbers Your reference designators may differ slightly from those shown in this tutorial This is because Annotate Schematic assigns reference designators in the order in which you placed or edited the parts Notice the updated reference designators on the 74LS04 inverters near the upper left corner of the worksheet The U A changed to UID U1E and UIF All six inverters are from the same multiple element part Also notice that the inverters pin numbers changed 127 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Running Update Field Contents 128 Each schematic part has ten part fields Part Value Reference and 1st Part Field through 8th Part Field available for storing up to 128 characters of information You can alter this information by editing individual parts in Draft as you did in the Editing part fields
19. Schematic Design Tools screen with the correct path and filename of the macro file in the global macro directory 197 GLOSSARY A analog m Circuitry in which both voltage and frequency output vary continuously as a function of the input annotation Assigning reference designators to parts in a schematic area a A section of a screen containing related buttons or configuration options Most areas are bordered and named Examples include the Editors area on tool set screens and the File Options area on local configuration screens ASCII m An acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange a seven bit code used to represent letters of the alphabet the ten decimal digits and other simple printable characters as well as certain basic printer instructions such as Backspace Carriage Return and Line Feed B bulletin board system a A computer dedicated to maintaining messages and software and making them available over telephone lines People upload contribute and download gather messages by calling the bulletin board from their own computers Abbreviated BBS button A pushbutton like image that you click to start an action The action runs a single tool or a series of processes byte m A piece of computer data composed of eight contiguous bits that are stored and typically interpreted as a single unit C CAE um An acronym for computer aided engineering check box A sm
20. TUTOR SCH Enter TUTOR STF in the Update file entry box This is the name of the update file you create later in this chapter Under Field to be updated select Part Field 8 This tells Update Field Contents which part field to update For this tutorial select Unconditionally update field and Set the specified field to visible You can make the field invisible later to keep it from cluttering your worksheet Select OK The Schematic Design Tools screen displays 129 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 130 Define the key field 1 Select Update Field Contents on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Configure Schematic Tools Scroll to the Key Fields area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen figure 7 5 Kew Fields Annotate Schematic Part Value Combine UU Update Field Contents Combine fer vae C7 Conbine for Field 2 Co Combine for Field2 _ lt S CSCS OCOCCOCSY Combine for Field O USS U Combine for Field 4 OOOO OOOO Combine for Field S Combine for Field 6 Combine for Field 7 Combine for Field 8 Create Netlist Part Value Combine Module Value Combine Create Bill of Materials Part Value Combine Include File Combine Extract PLD PLD Part combine COON PLO Ture Combine nd Figure 7 5 Key Fields area of the Configure Schematic Desi
21. TUTOR SCH to reflect the current state of the worksheet 2 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the QUIT menu 1 Make sure the printer is connected to your computer powered on and on line 2 Zoom out until you can see both circuits 3 Select HARDCOPY from the main menu The HARDCOPY menu displays 4 Select Width of Paper Choose the correct paper width for your printer Select Narrow for paper 8 5 inches wide select Wide for paper 13 inches wide After you specify width Draft redisplays the HARDCOPY menu 5 Select Scale Select C to reflect the size of your schematic The HARDCOPY menu displays again Ending a Draft work session Summary Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic 6 Select Block Print The Block menu displays 7 Move the pointer above and to the left of the clock oscillator circuit and select Begin 8 Move the pointer to define a block that encloses both the clock oscillator and the power regulator circuits and select End The worksheet is sent to the printer For more information on sending designs to printers and plotters see the HARDCOPY command and the Print Schematic tool and the Plot Schematic tools in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide After you save your design and make a hardcopy you are finished with chapter 4 You need to exit Draft to perform steps in the next chapter Since you already saved your work just select QUIT and then Abandon Edits Dr
22. The circuit changes color Move the selected circuitry up approximately two grid spaces Select Place Notice that the lower wires grow and remain connected to the ground wire Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic Editing part fields Placing comment text For the parts in the power regulator circuit you need only specify the correct part values for the capacitors and battery After all of the schematic is captured you use the Annotate Schematic tool to update the other fields 1 Place the pointer on the left capacitor and select EDIT Edit Part Value Name The Value prompt displays Change the part value to 470uF Place the pointer on the right capacitor and change the part value to 22uF Place the pointer on the battery and change the part value to 9V A title isn t necessary for a circuit but it is helpful when someone new needs to understand what a portion of circuitry does 1 Select PLACE Text command and enter Power Regulator Circuit 2 Select Larger to use the type size that is one step larger than the part labels 3 Center the text immediately below the schematic diagram and select Place 75 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Changing You have now captured two separate schematics on the viewpoints same worksheet At times you may want to quickly change your viewpoint from one area of the worksheet to another You use the JUMP command to do this Jump to n
23. Tools A one to one correspondence between sheet symbols and the worksheets they refer to defines a structure called a simple hierarchy Several sheet symbols can refer to a single worksheet resulting in a structure called a complex hierarchy For example figure 1 3 shows a complex hierarchy in which there are four references to a single worksheet called FILENAME SCH To give a sheet symbol access to the logic of a particular worksheet you assign the sheet symbol a worksheet s filename The filename displays at the bottom of the sheet symbol as shown in figure 1 3 You assign a sheet symbol its corresponding worksheet s filename using the Filename command which becomes available when you select the PLACE Sheet command In addition to filename markers each sheet symbol must have a unique name In figure 1 3 the sheet symbol names are shown just above each sheet symbol You name the sheet symbols using the Name command which becomes available when you select the PLACE Sheet command or when you edit the sheet symbol Draft makes it easy to move up and down in a hierarchy from sheet symbol to associated worksheet and back again To go from a sheet symbol to its associated worksheet put the pointer on the sheet symbol and select QUIT Enter Sheet To go from this schematic back to the schematic with the sheet symbol select the QUIT Leave Sheet command 19 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 20 More about h
24. Tools screen should still be displayed Make sure that the Files wildcard entry box shows and select File View at the top of this screen The File View screen displays Select Copy File The Copy File screen displays 3 Select the TUTORSDT LIB file from the Files list box 10 11 Move the pointer to the Destination entry box and press lt Enter gt Enter the new name for the file TUTOR LIB and then select OK Because TUTOR LIB exists a message box displays Select OK to overwrite TUTOR LIB Select the TUTOR2 SCH file from the Files list box Move the pointer to the Destination entry box and press lt Enter gt Enter the new name for the file TUTOR SCH and then select OK Because TUTOR SCH exists a message box displays Select OK to overwrite TUTOR SCH Select Cancel to return to the File View screen Select Cancel again to return to the Schematic Design Tools screen Now that your files are backed up and you have copied TUTOR2 SCH and TUTORSDT LIB to TUTOR SCH and TUTOR LIB you are ready to continue learning about Schematic Design Tools 386 Running Annotate Schematic Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Annotate Schematic scans schematic designs and automatically updates part reference designators It also updates the pin numbers associated with the reference designators in multiple element parts When you first place a part a default reference desi
25. and again to a particular location on the worksheet The TAG command assigns a tag to a location on the worksheet The JUMP Tag command moves the pointer to a tagged location Follow these steps to practice assigning tags and jumping to them 1 Place the pointer on the power regulator circuit 2 Select TAG from the main menu The Tag set menu displays listing eight tag names you can use Select A tag 4 Move to the clock oscillator circuit Put the pointer in the middle of the center inverter and repeat step 2 5 Select B tag 6 Select JUMP and then select A tag The pointer jumps to the middle of the power regulator circuit where you assigned the A tag 7 Now jump to the B tag Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Making a quick print 78 Update the file Make a hardcopy of the worksheet The last thing to do before ending this chapter is to print out a copy of the worksheet While Schematic Design Tools 386 includes the Print Schematic and Plot Schematic tools for making copies of entire designs Draft also has a quick way to get a high quality print the HARDCOPY command To do this your computer must be connected to a printer HARDCOPY does not work for plotters The correct printer driver must be installed along with your other Schematic Design Tools 386 software Follow these steps to save your work before you print the schematic 1 Select QUIT and Update file Draft updates the file
26. and select Begin Continue the wire so that it connects to pin 10 on the 22V10 part 11 50 7 30 7 Select End to end the wire The lt F1 gt macro you captured earlier to start placing a wire should still be active Follow these steps to use the macro to draw the rest of the wires 1 Referring to figure 6 2 draw the wires between the 22V10 part and the right hand seven segment display as shown Instead of pressing the lt P gt lt W gt and lt B gt keys just press lt F1 gt and then proceed as usual 2 Continue using the macro to draw the wires between the 22V10 part and the left hand seven segment display as shown in figure 6 2 The lt F1 gt macro saves some time but there are other things you can do to save even more time One time saver is the REPEAT command 99 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Define REPEAT parameters Change viewpoint to speed wire placement Use REPEAT to speed 100 wire placement REPEAT duplicates the last entered object label or text string and places it on the worksheet Follow these steps to define the REPEAT parameters 1 Select SET Repeat Parameters 2 Select X Repeat Step The prompt X Repeat Step displays Enter 1 3 Repeat step 1 and select Y Repeat Step The prompt Y Repeat Step displays Enter 0 REPEAT is now set to place a new object exactly one grid space to the right of the pointer when you select REPEAT The wire
27. at 12 0 12 0 and select Begin again Move the pointer to the next corner at 0 12 0 and select Begin one last time Move the pointer to the first corner at 0 0 and select End The BODY lt Graphic gt menu displays Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the BODY lt Graphic gt menu Edit Library automatically puts a placeholder reference designator at the upper left of the part body border The default class letter is the letter U and the default number is a question mark The serves as a placeholder for the values to be supplied when you use the part in a schematic and run Annotate Schematic Because U conventionally designates IC parts you need to change the class letter to D 1 Select REFERENCE from the main menu The prompt Initial Reference Designator U displays indicating that U is the current value Backspace over the U and enter D Creating a part body Zoom in to gain finer pointer control Now you are ready to create the part itself in this case a seven segment LED display The first step is to create the part body It consists of seven rectangular objects arranged in the shape of a numeric display and a circle for the decimal point as shown in figure 5 2 Chapter 5 Creating a custom part Figure 5 2 The part body you will create Like Draft Edit Library can display the part you are working on at several levels of detail At the lowest level level 1 the
28. block Stimulus objects nr Vector objects Q Trace objects Layout objects O 12 Labels assign names to wires or to buses Signals which share a name are considered to be electrically connected even though the physical connection is not shown on the worksheet You can also place text in your worksheet Text is used to leave notes or descriptive text that isn t required by the circuit on a schematic diagram Such text helps you and others understand the functions being performed or documents some aspect of circuit operation The title block is used to label your worksheets so that you can tell them apart It contains information such as company name and address schematic title number size and revision OrCAD s Digital Simulation Tools uses stimulus objects to determine where a stimulus is to be applied to a circuit OrCAD s Digital Simulation Tools uses vector objects to determine where sets of stimuli are to be applied to a circuit OrCAD s Digital Simulation Tools uses trace objects to determine which signals to trace You can place hidden text on your worksheet and flag its location with a layout object Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Working with schematic diagrams As its name suggests Draft is designed to be analogous to pencil and paper design tools and to support the design process from the conception of a design to the final sets of detailed schematic diagrams
29. column with the contents of the Part Value field of each part This comparison is case sensitive If it finds a match Update Field Contents loads the corresponding update string into the part s 8th Part Field By default lowercase characters in the update string the right column are converted to uppercase when they are loaded into the field select Do not convert update string to uppercase to prevent this 131 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 132 Update the fields Hide the fields 1 Select Update Field Contents on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Execute As it processes Update Field Contents scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen Run Draft on TUTOR SCH to see the updated fields on the worksheet Each part with a Part Value field that matched one of the match strings in TUTOR STF now displays a 8th Part Field Each 8th Part Field contains the update string associated with the match string that matched the part s Part Value field To minimize clutter on your worksheet use Select Field View to hide the 8th Part Field for all the parts 1 Select Select Field View on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Local Configuration and Configure FLDATTRB The Configure Select Field View screen displays figure 7 6 Configure Select Field View OK l Cancel File Options Source TUTOR SCH 7
30. designators 125 title block 118 184 Edit File introduction 4 Edit Library configuring 82 copying parts between libraries 191 creating a new part 84 drawing body outlines 86 circles on part bodies 90 rectangles on part bodies 88 initial reference designators 86 introduction 7 macros global creating 197 running 82 saving parts 94 setting work conditions 83 shading shapes on part bodies 90 208 Edit Library commands BODY lt Graphic gt Fill 90 Line 86 88 GET PART 84 94 LIBRARY Update Current 94 PIN Add 91 QUIT Abandon Edits 94 REFERENCE 86 SET 83 editors introduction 4 Encapsulated PostScript EPS files 191 errors Check Electrical Rules 135 161 error objects 135 196 finding 134 135 removing error objects 193 196 ESP see design environment Extended ASCII characters 34 183 F filenames conventions 25 created by Complex to Simple 181 files copying 124 flowchart symbols representing on schematics 189 FLOWCHT LIB 189 G GET command in Draft 56 69 98 GET PART command in Edit Library 84 94 global macro files 197 grid dots in Edit Library 83 Grid Parameters Grid References 43 Stay on Grid 44 Visible Grid Dots 44 ground objects placing 105 H HARDCOPY command in Draft 78 hardware representing on schematics 189 hiding part fields 132 hierarchy see designs I IFORM see Create Netlist ILINK see Create Netlist INET see Create Netlist initial macro see macros INQUIRE command in Draft 135
31. figure 6 7 and place labels for the remaining right displays RMINn and RSECn by repeating steps 3 through 7 Select PLACE Text The Text prompt displays Enter Logic and Display Circuit Select Larger from the PLACE Text menu to use a larger type size for the text The image of the text becomes larger Center the text below the schematic diagram at approximately 9 20 8 40 Press lt P gt to place the text The Text prompt redisplays Enter MILTIME is set for Select Smaller from the PLACE Text menu until the text size is the same size as the part and wire labels See figure 6 7 and place the text to the left of the 12 24 switch at approximately 0 80 6 10 The Text prompt redisplays Enter 24 hour format See figure 6 7 and place the text under the text you placed in step 7 117 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Editing the title The title block is located in the lower right corner of the block worksheet You use the title block to provide standard types of information on the schematic such as a title for the sheet date and reference number Jump to the title block You can use the mouse to move the pointer to the title block region of the worksheet or move there quickly by using the JUMP command 1 Select JUMP Reference The JUMP to Reference menu displays 2 Select A and then 1 The pointer jumps to region A 1 of the worksheet and the title block is in view Noti
32. gt to select AGAIN This selects the main menu command you chose last in this case SET Draft uses a coordinate system to locate points on the worksheet as shown in the illustration below An X coordinate speci fies horizontal location and a Y coordinate specifies vertical location Thus any point on the worksheet can be indicated by an X and Y coordinate pair in the form X Y The 0 00 0 00 point is always at the upper left of the worksheet If X Y Display is set to Yes the X and Y coordinates of the pointer s position display in the upper right corner of the screen The default setting is No Select worksheet size Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Follow these steps to display X Y coordinates 1 Select X Y Display Show Coordinates and a short menu display 2 Select Yes The prompt and the menu disappear 3 Move the pointer in any direction and watch the X Y coordinates in the upper right corner of the screen The units shown in the X Y display represent inches on the printed schematic The upper left corner is 00 00 and the lower right corner is 9 50 7 00 On a sheet 8 5 inches by 11 inches the actual drawing area is 7 inches by 9 5 inches This allows for borders around the drawings The Worksheet Size command selects one of five sizes for your schematic Follow these steps to change the worksheet size 1 Press lt Enter gt to display the main menu then select AGAIN The SET men
33. invisible making part fields 132 J JUMP command in Draft 76 77 98 junctions function 59 introduction 11 placing 59 K key fields case significance in 190 keyboard entering information 24 keys 23 L labels buses 18 connecting signals 63 introduction 12 layout objects 12 librarians introduction 7 libraries adding custom parts 81 94 adding new parts 94 configuring 54 Index libraries continued confirming which are configured 53 introduction 52 nonconnective parts 189 Library Options on Configure Schematic Design Tools screen 53 LIBRARY Update Current command in Edit Library 94 list box introduction 54 List Library introduction 7 M macros Capture command 45 71 configuring initial macros 48 creating and using 45 47 global creating 197 naming 46 options on Configure Schematic Design Tools screen 48 placing wires 71 99 saving 47 Write command 47 72 match string specifying for Update Field Contents 130 saving 188 menus using 36 38 Microsoft Word EPS files for 192 module ports buses 18 example 157 in flat designs 149 introduction 11 naming 169 module value specifying for Create Netlist 137 mounting holes representing on schematics 189 mouse using 36 38 moving designs 195 209 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide N nested worksheets see designs netlist see also Create Netlist Create Hierarchical Netlist changing formats 190 nonconnective objects 189 not cr
34. labeled CLK figure 3 1 connects between the middle and right hand inverters 1 Select PLACE Junction 2 Put the pointer on one of the wire intersections and select Place A junction displays 3 Place a junction at the other intersection by putting the pointer on it and selecting Place 4 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Place command line You aren t finished with this circuit yet You still have to assign values to the resistor and capacitor add a signal label and assign reference designators to all the parts These steps are described in the next sections 59 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Editing part fields 60 Each part in Schematic Design Tools has ten reserved data areas called part fields for holding and displaying additional information For example you might use part fields to record part numbers on the schematic making it easier to track and order parts or to specify the multiple element part to which a particular part belongs Two of the ten part fields are reserved for particular types of data The Reference field is reserved for holding reference designator values such as U1A and Q1 The Part Value field is reserved for holding part names such as 74LS04 or values relevant to the part such as ohm Q values for resistors To be processed correctly by Schematic Design Tools 386 every part must have data in the Reference field and in the Part Value f
35. make sure that Source file is the root of the design is selected 4 Check to make sure that the Destination entry box contains the filename CMOSCPU BOM 5 Select OK to save any changes to the configuration 6 Select Create Bill of Materials and then select Execute As it processes Create Bill of Materials scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen To examine the text file created by Create Bill of Materials use Edit File Figure 8 7 shows the information stored in the text file CMOSCPU BOM Chapter 8 Structuring your design ne LS CMOS CPU DESIGN Revised October 9 1991 123456789 xxx yyy Revision Bl Bill Of Materials June 12 1992 11 40 57 Page Item Quantity Reference Part BT1 4V C1 C2 30 pF c3 10 uF 470 uF CR0127 1N4004 1N4001 NPN TIP31C 10K 2 7K 10 1K SPST 4 1 g0c51 82C82 51C68 LM123 12 mHz WOMAN KDUPWNER 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Figure 8 7 Bill of materials for CMOSCPU SCH 165 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide A complex This section describes a three sheet complex hierarchy hierarchical design Complex hierarchies are very useful when designing common logic blocks that are repeated Figure 8 8 shows the root worksheet for the 4 bit adder design CARRY_IN x sul CARRY_OU CARRY _ IN x y CARRY _OU l fulladd sch su cour
36. pins If you print a bill of materials report all parts on your worksheet are listed Sheets are objects that you place on a worksheet that point to another worksheet file Sheets do not have part fields are not annotated and cannot have power pins Sheets are not listed in a bill of materials report Table 9 2 compares parts and sheets Part Sheet Has part fields Does not have part fields Is annotated Is not annotated Can have power pins Cannot have power pins Appears in BOM report Does not appear in BOM report Appears in incremental connectivity database as a part Appears in incremental connectivity database as an instance of a child Table 9 2 Characteristics of parts and sheets 193 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 194 Sheet symbol Sheet part Sheetpath part A sheet symbol is a rectangle that you place on a worksheet using Draft s PLACE Sheet command Draft automatically assigns it a random filename such as 91G8F06 SCH You can tell it to point to the file of your choice by selecting PLACE Sheet Filename A sheet symbol functions as a sheet and has all the sheet characteristics described in table 9 2 The worksheet file that a sheet points to should be stored in the current design directory unless a path is specified as part of the sheet filename A sheet part is a library part that you change to a sheet You place a library pa
37. plot your schematic the text prints in the correct place in your title block Creating a custom title block Using a library part Using wires Chapter 9 Tips and techniques You can create a custom title block using a library part made to look like a title block or by using wires without labels To create a library part that looks like a title block use Edit Library to make a library part that looks like a title block Be sure that the part is nonconnective This means it must be a zero element part and cannot have any pins For more information see Nonconnective objects in this chapter In Draft suppress the title block using the SET Title Block No command as described previously Place the library part on each new schematic To use wires to create a title block suppress the title block using Draft s SET Title Block No command as described previously Draw the title block using the PLACE Wire command If text is required be sure to place text not labels The netlist tools ignore the wires only if they have no labels and no pins attached gt Helpful hints If you would like wider lines in your title block draw buses rather than wires You may want to use a combination of both of the methods described above For example you can create a logo as a library part then draw the title block with wires and place the logo in your title block 187 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Using
38. seconds circuit ssesssesssessssessssesseesseereseesseeesseeeneeneorerererenseereeses 104 Wire the minutes Circuit cccsessesessecceeeecesesesesssnnnaneceseeeeeesnsnenenseooeserensaes 106 Wire the hours circuit ccccssessesnnnnnneeecseceeeesesensaaeecseeseeeeeeresersnaaaeeseeeooes 107 View clock logic sccsescssesccssscssssenssecsssntsssscenaceseecsoensveassonssacsrserseonseaoass 108 Finishing the clock schematic eeseseseserererereesrerereeesrresesesererenereroresrerererereseses 110 Place the extra parts ccsssccsssrscesssrsceessessssarsnsnssessceresesseesesssevsnereosssees 112 Edit the part values cccsccssessneesssssseessseseesssscesessccsscnsessecsensnsesooneees 113 Add labels to the wires cccessesssseseececceseseceesessesaneeceseceeesesensrenaseseetesees 114 Set repeat text parameters csscccssecescerssreceseeseeeeteesessserseesssersaeeeateses 115 Place labels with repeat text sssseseresesrerserseesesereerreserernreneroerenseeererseee 116 Place the remaining repeat labels cccscessceseeeseeereeeseseressesersessessnesees 116 Add comment text seessessserrseeesssesssserrssresrseeerseesresereneeessestreeeereeeereeterenssee 117 Contents Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic continued Editing the title blockieren eoi aest sands E aat E E AAA AETA REE A 118 Jump to the title Block isis eave sioseis nnecs sonpn errata t
39. section of chapter 3 This is the only way to change the Reference field which is protected but you can use Update Field Contents to change the other nine fields This is especially convenient when you want to edit the information for several parts You run Update Field Contents once for each part field you want to change Before running Update Field Contents for a single part field you must KO Ww 1 kod Tell Update Field Contents which part field to update You do this in the Local Configuration screen Tell Update Field Contents which part fields to use as a key field You do this in the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Update Field Contents compares the character strings in the key field to character strings in your update file in order to match the new information to a specific part Tell Update Field Contents for each schematic part to be updated what character string is presently associated with the part in the key field and what character string is to be loaded You do this by creating an update file After you complete these tasks for one part field field run Update Field Contents For each part field you want to update repeat the procedure and run Update Field Contents again In the following sections you update the 8th Part Field also called the Module Value field of schematic parts on the TUTOR SCH worksheet The values you load into the 8th Part Field will be used as module names when you crea
40. seseseceeeeeseesseeeceeseeeetensaseeeeereenes 191 xiii Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 9 Tips and techniques continued Encapsulated PostScript scssesassisccnecssevawssseseiapuen cosdvasustccassaussveoseianinncoeneanaasevente 191 Creating EPS ccccccssssssrsssecesecssssenseccesesssssseeeseeseseeesssaessceesessanerscesessanen 191 Configure the tool Setsisccscstescccaesc cots cassesacsavasssacessussaas cossqsanseibevevanscnsnete 191 Locally configure the Plot Schematic tool ccccccsssssesneereeeceeeereenes 192 Plot the schematic to disk cscscscsssessssssssesesesessecseceeeteseseseneeeeersens 192 Placing EPS in WIN WORD wij s instars casiaietncssstaselesedatoevastaduadsedaceeesey Seasaswantegacs 192 Placing EPS into Word 5 0 ise coiisstccetsaseceudasecassuecssaisoieicsnaasivocpcaavescaaasesseae 192 Transfer the plot file from the PC to the Macintosh cccsseseeeerereees 192 Open a Word document sssssesssssscccceesecsssssseseneeeeesesenesssssenareeeseeesenees 192 Error ODJOCEScivecis sais nse vakensiswswsntee stoaeapoanusonntes SaS S E orea Er E E RSs 193 Using sheets and parts to point to another Worksheet sessssseseesessreensssseesssseese 193 About sheets and parts ccccsssssssssneeceeeeeeeeesessssnnenceeceseceeseesssnaneeeeeesceseeea 193 Sheet symbols saiajancsivesvessaicanisescedee cast cstnass rS PEAS E Eae SESE E Niah 194 Sheet Park E a E 194 Sheetpath pa
41. shown in uppercase letters For example the statement Select the PLACE Wire command means Select the PLACE command from the main menu and select the Wire command from the PLACE menu When you are asked to select a command usually both the main menu command and other command are specified Where the context is clear though the main menu command is not specified For example if the PLACE menu already displays and you are asked to select the Wire command the instruction is simply Select the Wire command Setting up Draft s work conditions Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Now that you understand how Draft s commands menus and command lines operate you will use the SET command to change the default work conditions that govern the way Draft displays and maintains schematics Display work conditions settings Follow these steps to display the SET menu 1 Press lt Enter gt to see the main menu 2 Select SET from the main menu The SET menu displays as shown below Using the commands in the SET Set menu you can control features such Auto Pan as automatic backup of schematic Backup File files the angles at which you can Prag Buses NO place wires and whether or not Error Bell JES pin numbers display on part ees No Macro Prompts YES symbols For more information A me rthogonal YES about Draft s work conditions see Show Ping vE the SET command description in Title Block YES the Schema
42. the positive terminal of the battery As shown in figure 4 1 you want the positive terminal up so rotate the symbol to this orientation Down and place it on the worksheet You have now placed all the parts and symbols except for the Vcc power symbol associated with the power regulator circuit on the worksheet Next you draw the wires for the power regulator circuit 69 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Drawing Compare your worksheet with figure 4 1 Notice that multisegment several wires are missing from your worksheet wires In this section you learn how to draw multisegment wires in one operation A multisegment wire is a single wire that changes direction several times 1 Select PLACE Wire The PLACE Wire command line displays Move the pointer to the negative terminal of the battery and select Begin Move the pointer down approximately three grid spaces Move the pointer to the right until it is directly under the first capacitor Select Begin and move the pointer to the end of the capacitor pin Select End or New When you draw multisegment wires remember to start and turn corners with Begin and cut the wire with End or New Now connect wire segments between the remaining parts as shown in figure 4 1 Be sure to Begin and End each wire segment at the end of a part pin not within the body of the part Using the PLACE Junction command place junctions in the circuit at the five
43. the function of an object rather than its physical appearance Table 9 3 summarizes the different type of objects and tells whether they function as a part or a sheet Functions as a Functions as a part Type of object sheet Sheet sy Sheetpath part If Descend into If Descend into sheetpath parts sheetpath parts option is selected option is not selected Table 9 3 Functionality of objects When you want to give a design to another user or send it to OrCAD technical support you must include the following files All associated schematic files An archived library file or all custom library files which may be located in your library directory Any custom netlist format files which may be located in your netlist directory The Schematic Design Tools configuration file for the design SDT CFG unless you have included an archived library file For OrCAD technical support a readme file with name phone number a description of the problem and instructions for reproducing the problem Because Backup Design copies only those files and libraries that reside in the specified design directory be sure to include any files that are located in other directories 195 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide i Installing new drivers Removing error objects Converted part forms 196 To add new display printer or plotter drivers once you have installed Schematic Design Tool run the INS
44. the table above Use the objects as they are or use them to create a new object To be nonconnective an object must be a zero element part and cannot have any pins Since IEEE parts are always single element parts they cannot be used Only block and graphic parts can be nonconnective 2 Place the part in a custom library You can use it whenever you need it Lowercase letters entered in the Key Fields area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen are handled as literals To use the special characters V for Value and R for Reference and have them interpreted correctly enter them in uppercase Sheet symbols in a design must have unique names If your design has two sheet symbols with the same name you receive this message when you run Create Netlist Duplicate Sheet Names For example two sheet symbols named SHEET cause this message to display but two sheet symbols named SHEET 1 and SHEET2 do not Create Netlist and Create Hierarchical Netlist create netlists incrementally When you run a netlist only the items that have changed are included A new file date or time denotes change If you configure your netlist for one for mat run a netlist then configure it for a different format and run a netlist again the netlist does not change To produce a netlist with a new format from an unchanged design run IFORM with the Force IFORM to always create a formatted netlist option selected Reporting unused
45. to begin a wire by pressing lt P gt lt W gt lt B gt 6 Press the key combination lt Ctrl gt lt End gt to end the macro definition The message lt lt lt MACROEND gt gt gt displays The macro you captured is now stored in the computer s memory and can be run by simply pressing the key you specified in this case lt F1 gt If you turn your computer off however the macro will be lost You must save the macro to a file 71 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Save the macro 1 Select MACRO Write The Write all macros to prompt displays 2 Enter the following filename for this macro Write all macros to tutor mac 3 Draft displays Overwrite file and a short menu Since the macro buffer contains all the macros in TUTOR MAC because they were read into the macro buffer when you ran Draft and the macro you just created select Yes This will save all the macros in the macro buffer to TUTOR MAC thus overwriting the existing file You just saved this macro and the macros that were already in TUTOR MAC to the macro file that automatically loads each time you start Draft You can add more macros to this file as you capture them Placing the power symbol Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic Follow these steps to place the power symbol in the power regulator circuit 1 Select PLACE Power An image of the power symbol displays with the value Vcc abo
46. to start Configure library files Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic If you are continuing from chapter 2 the Schematic Design Tools screen is displayed Follow these steps if it is not displayed 1 If the operating system prompt is displayed enter ORCAD NOTE In chapter 1 you set the start up design to be TUTOR Check to be sure that TUTOR Design is displayed in the middle of the top line of the screen If it is not go into Design Management Tools and change to the TUTOR design This process is described in detail in chapter 1 2 On the main screen select Schematic Design Tools and then select Execute Follow these steps to configure the libraries that are needed for the tutorial 1 On the Schematic Design Tools screen select Draft 2 Select Configure Schematic Tools The Configure Schematic Design Tools screen displays 3 Scroll down until you can see the Library Options area As shown in figure 3 2 Library Options shows Available Libraries on the left and Configured Libraries on the right Library Options Library Pref ix Ci ORCADESP SOTALIBRARY LIB Insert Library ORemove a Library NPRESOT LIB TUTORSOT LIB ANALOGS LIB gt Insert gt DEVICE LIB POWER LIB E peers eee Name Table Location Main memorw Swmbolic Data Location O Main memory Obisk disk Initial memory allocated 2000 _ Figure 3 2 Library Options area of Configure S
47. your custom title block in each design Create a template schematic Create a macro Archiving parts 188 Once you create a custom title block you can easily duplicate it on each new design using one of the methods described here Use one of the methods described in Creating a custom title block to create a worksheet that contains only the title block Keep this worksheet in the TEMPLATE directory It will be copied into each new design If it has a name of TEMPLATE SCH it will always be given the name of the new design with an extension of SCH Create a macro that draws the title block with wires This macro can also include any text that must be part of the title block Place the macro in a macro file in your TEMPLATE directory It will become a part of each new design Run the macro in each new design To achieve more efficient use of memory run Archive Parts in Schematic on each design turning both LIBARCH and COMPOSER on This creates a library containing only the parts used in your design Doing this protects the design from changes in standard libraries simplifies moving the design and results in efficient memory use because you configure only one library instead of several Nonconnective objects Libraries Chapter 9 Tips and techniques You may want a design to contain objects that have no elec trical connectivity and are not processed by Create Netlist or Create Hierarchical Netlist These obje
48. 1 source file is the root of the desioen Qsource fila is a single sheet Processing Options Field whose visible attribute is to be chensed Oreference Part Field 1 Opart Field 4 QOpart Field 7 Orart Value OpPart Field 2 QOPert Field S Part Field 8 Opart Field 3 OPart Field amp O uiet mode Set the specified field to visible Oset the specified field to invisible DJurconditionally set attribute E onore vernines Figure 7 6 The Configure Select Field View screen Make sure the Source entry box contains the name of the worksheet TUTOR SCH In the Processing Options area select Part Field 8 and Set the specified field to invisible Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools 4 Select OK The Schematic Design Tools screen displays Select Select Field View on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Execute As it processes Select Field View scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen 6 Look at TUTOR SCH in Draft and notice that the 8th Part Field on all the parts is not displayed A NOTE You can also control the visibility of individual part fields with the EDIT command in Draft 133 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Running Check Electrical Rules 134 Check Electrical Rules performs a general electrical rules check It issues warnings for unused inputs on parts
49. 1990 halfadd_A HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 hal fadd_B HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 fulladd_4 FULLADD SCH November 8 1990 halfadd_A HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 hal fadd_B HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 Notice that there are a number of references in this report to FULLADD SCH and HALFADD SCH The 4 bit adder design a complex hierarchy of only three worksheets expands to thirteen worksheet references Again the advantage of complex hierarchical design structures is that during the design phase all of the repeated logic needs to be drawn only once Converting a complex hierarchy to a simple hierarchy Chapter 8 Structuring your design While a complex hierarchy is very useful in the design and simulation phase it is not practical for some aspects of the design cycle This is especially true when a design is to be turned into a printed circuit board All of the design must then be simplified converted to a simple hierarchy This is necessary because all of the parts in the design must be assigned unique reference designators It would be quite difficult to have a number of parts labeled U17 on the board and have to refer to the complex hierarchical schematic to determine which was which Design Management Tools includes the tool Complex to Simple This tool creates a new design and builds a new version of the complex hierarchy a version in which each sheet symbol refers to a unique file Follow the
50. 44 stimulus objects 12 symbols 52 T TAG command in Draft 77 technical support OrCAD sending designs to 195 telephone number iv telephone numbers OrCAD iv text importing and exporting 6 introduction 12 placing comments 75 text editors creating EPS files to import 191 tips and techniques 181 title block configuring default contents 33 creating a library part for use as 187 editing 118 introduction 12 tips 182 188 using wires to create 187 titles on schematics 64 To Digital Simulation introduction 9 To Layout introduction 9 To Main introduction 9 To PLD introduction 9 trace objects 12 trademarks iv transfer tools introduction 9 tutorials introduction 21 212 U Update Field Contents configuring 129 introduction 6 match string specifying 130 running 132 tutorial 128 update file 131 vV vector objects 12 View Reference introduction 4 Visible Grid Dots 44 Ww warnings Check Electrical Rules 161 Was Is file 143 WINWORD EPS files 192 WIRELIST see Create Netlist wires connecting with junctions 59 crossing 59 dragging 74 introduction 10 placing 58 70 Word Microsoft 192 Worksheet Options on Configure Schematic Design Tools screen 33 worksheet size selecting 41 X X Y Display 40 Z ZOOM command in Draft 42
51. 5 the starting point to complete the rectangle 12 Select End or New to end the last segment and complete the rectangle Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the BODY lt Graphic gt menu A NOTE For drawing intricate library parts you may wish to use the arrow keys rather than the mouse 88 Draw six more segments Chapter 5 Creating a custom part You can repeat this process for each of the remaining six rectangles which represent the other LED segments Each row of table 5 1 shows the coordinates for one rectangle To save some time capture the commands to draw one of the horizontal rectangles as a macro and run the macro for each of the remaining horizontal segments Then capture the commands for one of the vertical rectangles and run that macro for each of the remaining vertical segments Be sure to use the same corner as the starting point each time you run the macro Bottom right Bottom left 2 0 10 5 9 0 10 5 9 0 11 0 2 0 11 0 Segmentf 1 0 2 5 1 0 5 5 1 5 7 0 1 5 10 0 1 0 10 0 Table 5 1 Coordinates for rectangular LED segments All coordinates are positive values 89 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide eS Add the decimal point In addition to the seven rectangular LED segments the display unit also has a circular LED at the lower right to represent a decimal point 1 Select BODY Circle to draw the circle 2 Place the pointer at the
52. COPY command in Draft processors introduction 5 6 prompts 25 Q QUIT command Draft Enter Sheet 19 157 158 169 Leave Sheet 19 158 Update File 45 Edit Library Abandon Edits 94 R REFERENCE command in Edit Library 86 reference designators 62 assigning 127 changing 143 initial 86 Reference field introduction 60 REPEAT command in Draft 100 116 repeat parameters in Draft setting 100 reporters introduction 8 root sheet defined 17 S Schematic Design Tools configuring 32 34 running 31 schematics objects on 10 scrolling introduction 54 Select Field View 132 introduction 6 SET command Draft displaying 39 Grid Parameters Grid References 43 Stay on Grid 44 Visible Grid Dots 44 Repeat Parameters 115 Worksheet Size 41 X Y Display 40 Edit Library 83 SHAPES LIB 189 sheet names 190 sheet nets defined 17 sheet symbols defined 17 for complex hierarchies 167 for simple hierarchies 155 159 identical worksheets 167 introduction 11 multiple references 19 using 19 sheetpath parts creating 84 shortcuts drawing schematics 97 placing parts 57 REPEAT command in Draft 99 116 repeating object placement 101 setting work conditions 45 211 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Show Design Structure complex hierarchy 170 introduction 8 simple hierarchy 163 tutorial 163 170 signals connecting with labels 63 with sheet nets 17 simple hierarchies see designs startup design configuring 28 Stay on Grid
53. CPU TWG text file The figure below shows the information stored in CMOSCPU TWG lt lt lt ROOT gt gt gt CMOSCPU SCH October 9 1991 CMOS MEMORY MEMORY SCH October 9 1991 POWER SUPPLY POWER SCH May 31 1991 All worksheet filenames are enclosed within brackets as in filename Next to the filename is the date the work sheet was last modified Show Design Structure lists sheet symbol names above the filenames of the worksheets to which they refer 163 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Using Create Bill of Materials on a simple hierarchy 164 In this example the root worksheet filename is CMOSCPU SCH Below the root worksheet filename are sheet symbol names and the filenames of the worksheets to which they refer The sheet symbol named CMOS MEMORY refers to the worksheet with the filename MEMORY SCH The sheet symbol named POWER SUPPLY refers to the worksheet with the filename POWER SCH Create Bill of Materials creates a list of parts for all types of design structures In this example Create Bill of Materials is used on the simple hierarchy CMOSCPU SCH Follow these steps to run Create Bill of Materials 1 Select Create Bill of Materials on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Local Configuration and Configure PARTLIST The Configure Create Bill of Materials screen displays 2 Check to make sure that the Source entry box contains the filename CMOSCPU SCH 3 Check to
54. GET PART initiates a sequence of queries about the type of part you want to create You will create a seven segment LED named TIL309 Follow these steps to begin a new part 1 2 Press lt Enter gt to display the main menu Select GET PART The prompt Get displays Enter TIL309 the name of the part you plan to create The prompt TIL309 New Part displays Select Yes The prompt Sheet Path displays This is relevant when you create a hierarchical design and want the part to refer to another schematic worksheet Press lt Enter gt to signify that the TIL309 part does not refer to a schematic The Kind of Part menu displays You use Block for simple rectangular parts with no graphics Graphic for parts of any shape with graphics and IEEE for IEEE ANSI drawing standard parts Select Graphic the LED display includes graphics Edit Library asks if this part is a grid array A grid array part is a single element graphic part with alphanumeric pin numbers Select No because you do not need alphanumeric pin numbers for this part Edit Library displays a menu with the numbers 0 through 16 and prompts you for the number of elements in the part Select 1 because the seven segment LED display is a single element part Edit Library asks whether the part has a convert that is whether you will also create a DeMorgan equivalent of the part you are creating 9 10 Ch
55. IBFATI CS ccvsisppeveiseavvenscosavesveesagnnndanccessteecbvenosanamiasnebabareotdeltreaadyngeaeens 52 Where to Starla iiy cca vcanccnasgedutent caveat tite kvr retos sio sets eens Senas E ere aa nier SiS 53 Configure library files s ccsceccscsrsrscesssrecsserseanscssensnescssssessssssvesennesseces 53 Placing partS se ssessseeeresseresseecrersesereesererersrrenessreroesesersenenererserenerereneeeenesererense 56 Shortcuts for getting parts eesssesessssessersseresreserserrserseeererrereeteeerneereeneesres 57 Place the remaining parts essessesresreerrecreesrerseeereeserneenerereseineessenneeneeseene 57 Drawing Wires cccccccssssseecessssneeceeenssseeeecesssacesnonsaasesecossssessseensneseneeneaeeeenes 58 Placing junctions at intersections seseeseseeeerssreseeerereerrrerreeeseereeneesrerneeseeneerees 59 Place junctionsS e esseesesessseseseserrererenreeserersreerraterarereneeeneereseereteresersseereense 59 Editing part fields ccccssscccssssessssncsesssecesessesssreesesssneeessnsesssesnorsnsavensesnsnes 60 FOr the inverters i sss sccsses paces staaie saan neStnadeadons Son vskveseiaqagveaayaisathsonsenivesseos 61 About reference designator assignMents sssssssccserseeserserereesseseeees 62 For the resistor and capacitor cccssccccccssssssnccessenseeseeessssnsaceosseeessenseaas 62 Specifying connections With labels eeseeeerreeeeereresesreseresesneroreneressesesrerenere
56. OR SCH Running To run an OrCAD tool you must first display the main the design SCEE environment 1 Be sure that your computer is turned on 2 At the operating system prompt enter the command shown in bold In a moment the main screen displays figure 2 1 OrCAD ESP Vix xx Schematic Design Programmable Logic Tools Desion Tools Digital Simulation PC Board Layout Tools Tools Copwright 1990 1994 OrcAd Inc ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Figure 2 1 Main screen 26 Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Changing to the Before you work with any of the tools accessed from the TUTOR design main screen you need to change to the TUTOR design Remember a design is a directory in which all the files related to a project are stored Run Design Follow these steps to run Design Management Tools and Management Tools change to the TUTOR design 1 Place the pointer on the Design Management Tools Design Management Tools Execute button and click the left Local Configuration mouse button The menuat Assign Hot Key right displays The Configure ESP Execute command is H lp highlighted 2 Click the left mouse button to select the Execute command The screen shown in figure 2 2 displays Current Design TEMPLATE desion view OFile view Deaton Directory Prefix Ers J Files wildcard as _ Root sheet TEMPLATE Total Size 251415 Last Modified 06 15 94 09 67 Description Backup Compu Complex to De
57. OrCAD Electronic Design Automation Tools Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Copyright 1994 OrCAD Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced translated into another language stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written consent of OrCAD Inc Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this publication OrCAD assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein OrCAD is registered trademark of OrCAD Inc IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation PAL is a registered trademark of Advanced Micro Devices Inc Postscript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated All other brand and product names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders McBoole is a public domain process developed by Michel Dagenais of McGill University Seventh Edition 23 Sept 94 OrCAD 9300 S W Nimbus Avenue Beaverton Oregon 97008 7137 U S A Sales amp Administration 503 671 9500 FAX 503 671 9501 Technical Support 503 671 9400 24 Hour Bulletin Board System 503 671 9401 CONTENT Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic De
58. T SETHRS MINCARRY SETMIN SECCARRY and SETSEC Refer to figure 6 7 for the location of these wires Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Label prompt 114 Set repeat text parameters Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic You still need to add labels to the wires between the 22V10s and the seven segment display parts You could continue placing labels as with the previous steps but Draft allows you to take a shortcut when labeling with repeated text Follow these steps to set the parameters for quickly adding labels to the wires between the 22V10s and the LEDs 1 Move the pointer to grid reference C 6 You want to look at the area where the labels will be placed 2 Select SET Repeat Parameters The menu shown below displays 3 Set X Repeat Step to 2 Set Repeat Parameters X Repeat Step Y Repeat Step 4 Set Y Repeat Step to 1 equal to the wire Label Delta spacing Auto Increment 5 Set Label Delta to 1 NOTE Depending on the spacing between wires you may have to adjust the X and Y values Try it and see what works for your worksheet These Repeat Parameters cause labels to be placed two grid spaces to the right and one space up and cause the number in the text to be decremented by one count each time you run the REPEAT command 115 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 116 Place labels with repeat text Place the remaining repeat labels Follow these st
59. TALL program from your installation disk You don t have to reload all the software just the drivers that are found on the installation or upgrade disk 1 Insert the disk labeled Install into your computer s floppy drive 2 At the DOS prompt enter the name of the drive the disk is in For example if you placed the installation disk in drive A type A and press lt Enter gt 3 Type INSTALL and press lt Enter gt Follow the instructions on the screen selecting the drivers you want to install After you select drivers INSTALL displays a menu of OrCAD tool sets Don t select anything just press lt Enter gt This ends the installation Check Electrical Rules puts temporary error markers or error objects on your worksheet to show you the locations of the errors Select QUIT Update from Draft or run Cleanup Schematic with the Remove error objects from schematic sheet s option selected to remove the error objects A part s converted form must have the same pin numbers as the normal version of the part Therefore all pins must be declared in the normal version so they can be used in the converted form For example if the normal version of a part has pins numbered 1 and 3 and the converted form has pins numbered 0 and 3 you will have errors when you create a netlist To eliminate this problem just be sure that the pin numbers used in the converted form of the part also appear in the normal version of the
60. TOR LIB NOTE If any libraries other than TUTOR LIB and PCBDEV LIB are listed in the Configured Libraries list box remove them To do this select Remove a Library select the library to remove and then select Remove 7 Scroll to the top of the configuration screen and click OK to return to the Schematic Design Tools screen 8 Select Draft and then select Execute Draft runs the initial macro you captured in chapter 2 This macro sets the viewing scale to full size and causes the X Y coordinates grid references and visible grid dots to be displayed When the macro finishes running a blank worksheet displays 55 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Placing parts 56 Follow these steps to get part symbols from part libraries 1 Select the GET command from the main menu The Get prompt displays Press lt Enter gt to display a menu Get listing the configured libraries TUTOR LIB PCBDEV LIB The menu at right shows the libraries configured for the TUTOR design Be sure the highlight is on Get TUTOR LIB and press lt Enter gt 22v10 A list of the parts stored in 4SW SPST TUTOR LIB displays as shown 74LS04 at right BATTERY CAP Select the 74LS04 inverter An GND image of the part displays on the LM7805 worksheet and a command line R displays across the top of the SW PUSHBUTTON screen When you move the part the image simplifies temporarily only the object s out
61. Title CMOS MEMORY vv Sizef Document Number REV GND VSS A T2ABASG THY xxxR VYY nI Dater October 9 199 t shact PRTI a Figure 8 4 CMOS MEMORY worksheet The CMOS MEMORY worksheet is the schematic for the circuit s memory i Notice the four module ports A 0 7 AD 0 7 WE and BACKUP They connect to identically named sheet nets located in the CMOS MEMORY sheet symbol on the root worksheet 157 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide ee ee Notice the buses Buses are automatically connected to module ports with labels having the same name and range module port A 0 7 connects to a bus labeled A 0 7 Finally notice the power objects The Vpp power object connects to the module port named BACKUP This isolates the power in the worksheet from any other Vpp power objects in the design The GND power object connects to the Vss power object This shorts the GND power net and the Vsg power net together This allows any pin with a GND symbol to be connected to the Vss power net When you are finished reviewing the CMOS MEMORY worksheet return to the root worksheet by selecting Leave from the QUIT Enter Sheet command line if it is displayed at the top of the screen or by selecting the QUIT Leave Sheet command Display the POWER 1 Ifthe QUIT Enter Sheet command line is not displayed SUPPLY worksheet at the top of the screen select the QUIT Enter Sheet command 2 Place the pointer inside the POWER SUPPLY sh
62. Using Check Electrical Rules on a simple hierarchy Warnings Errors Chapter 8 Structuring your design After the worksheets are annotated the design should be checked for electrical rule violations Check Electrical Rules checks for several problems associated with a design including open input pins shorts and bus contention Run Check Electrical Rules to check for any electrical rules violations in the design For instructions refer to the earlier discussion of how to run Check Electrical Rules After you run Check Electrical Rules you may review the error report with Edit File Figure 8 6 shows how the error report looks for the CMOSCPU SCH design Check Electrical Rules flags certain conditions possibly overlooked when your design was created These WARNINGS are not critical errors The warnings in this example are acceptable because the power supplies were intentionally connected in the design Normally if Check Electrical Rules reports ERRORS ina design you should correct them before running other tools In this example however all warnings are acceptable and other tools may be run 161 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide CMOSCPU SCH Electrical Rules Check Report CMOS CPU DESIGN Revised October 9 1991 123456789 xxx yyy Revision Bl OrCAD WARNING POWER Supplies are CONNECTED GND lt gt VSS WARNING POWER Supplies are CONNECTED VDD lt gt 5V MEMORY SCH Electrical Rules Check Repo
63. Value 6 Enter 14DIP300 The information displays below the inverter symbol 7 Select Which Device from the Edit Part menu The prompt Which device and a list of suffix letters A through F displays A through F represent the six 74LS04 inverters in the 14DIP300 multiple element part 8 Select A from the list and press lt Esc gt 9 Repeat steps 2 through 8 for the other inverters you placed Since they are from the same multiple element part enter 14DIP300 for each and assign suffix letters B and C to them 10 Press lt Esc gt again to remove the EDIT command line from the screen 61 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide About reference designator assignments 62 For the resistor and capacitor Notice that the suffix letters of the second and third reference designators you just modified changed to U B and U C respectively U A is the first part of the multiple element part U B is the second part and U C is the third part When you run the Annotate Schematic tool on this schematic all of the question marks for this multiple element part are changed to a common number such as 4 The parts will then be labeled U4A U4B and U4C Annotate Schematic automatically updates part reference designators and pin numbers associated with the reference designators in multiple element parts The Annotate Schematic tool is described in Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Follow these steps t
64. a simple hierarchy sseeeeeseseanees 171 Viewing the S4BIT design ccccsccsessesseeeeeeeeceeeesessessnsnsnaaseeeeeeseseesensananees 172 Running Annotate Schematic on the S4BIT design sesceeeseseeteeeerseeeeees 172 xii Contents Chapter 9 Tips and techniques ccccccccccccccessessssssssssenccaecseceeseeseeeeesesoesessoesoerees 181 Converting complex hierarchies s csccscsscssesseesesseseeseeeeeeessessenseaeessesseasenees 181 Title block tips cseeecccessescceseersessseseessnseeessseescessaceenssssesesssseneeesseeeoeseseereeoses 182 OrCAD s title DIOCK cccscsccceceeesessssssssseeneeseeseceecceeeeeseeseesespeeneereneeseeoes 182 ANSI title block sciic icc secs siecasiescacassececsccnsdataveorvdnasssenaotetnunrabeenestmessivasesesey ee 182 Defining title block information sssseressseeereeresererrssrrereveerarseeereererreseeeeene 183 Extended ASCII characters ccccssssssssessesssesseesseessessesesssenseesseneerees 183 Irn Draft A E T 184 On the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen eeeseeessereressrererersessee 184 Suppressing title block element ccssscccssseceesereeesssseeeceseaneeseneeecessnneees 185 LCS sss side Sasa sa cen vensen tec autoe ad cadens eaha mn nasugesaaonneayeglerdoasamanneaessie ds 185 TX E E E T eds 186 Lines and iteXt ccsseccssserscscessesssesevadeoasessasssssesverstessstovncedcesdoecrressssadecivees 186 Creating a custom tit
65. aft exits and the Schematic Design Tools screen displays You have completed the schematic diagram for the power regulator circuit of the digital clock In the next chapter you use Edit Library to create a custom part to use in the display area of the digital clock schematic 79 CHAPTER 5 ba Creating a custom part Although Schematic Design Tools 386 provides extensive libraries containing over 20 000 parts you may occasionally need a part or symbol not in any library You use the Edit Library tool to modify an existing part or create an entirely new part In this chapter you learn how to Run Edit Library Reconfigure Edit Library s work conditions Draw a part body Draw special shapes Use shading and fills Add pins to the part body Add pin names Save the new part in a library 81 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Running Edit Library Configure Edit Library 82 Run Edit Library Edit Library performs a variety of tasks for creating and modifying custom parts and libraries In this chapter you create a completely new part to add to an existing library file For detailed discussions of Edit Library commands see the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Before running Edit Library you must configure it to open the library file called TUTOR LIB 1 Select Edit Library from the Schematic Design Tools screen 2 Select Local Configuration from the menu that displa
66. al cues The Set Stay On Grid YES Grid Parameters menu is Visible Grid Dots NO shown at right Grid References turns grid reference guides along the top and left edges of the display on and off The guides divide the worksheet into blocks Horizontally the guides divide the worksheet from 8 to 1 Vertically they divide the worksheet from D to A For example the title block lower right corner is located at A 1 as illustrated in figure 2 10 Document Number a Date August 28 190 Sheet Figure 2 10 Grid references Use the JUMP Reference command on the main menu to move to specific locations using these map like coordinates 43 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Stay on grid Make the grid visible 44 Follow these steps to display grid references 1 Select SET from the main menu 2 Select Grid Parameters 3 Select Grid References 4 Select Yes The grid reference guides display at the top and left edges of the screen NOTE Schematic Design Tools 386 can be set up to use ANSI Y14 1 drawing standards Refer to the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for details Stay on Grid determines whether or not pointer movement is restricted to grid intersections Stay On Grid is set to YES Do not make any changes here NOTE Keep Stay on Grid set to Yes unless you have a compelling reason to be off grid Anything placed off grid such as text and labels may be hard to select and edit
67. all square Q Check boxes are used in lists of options when more than one option can be selected at a time Compare radio button complex hierarchy A design in which two or more sheet symbols refer to a single worksheet Compare simple hierarchy See also hierarchical design configuration s The information a button or tool set uses to operate Configurations can be tailored to your needs The configuration for a tool set applies to all tools in the set See also local configuration connectivity database m The incremental connectivity database created by INET The connectivity database describes the connectivity of a design and is used to transfer a design to Digital Simulation Tools See incremental connectivity database cursor A marker inside an entry box showing where characters typed on the keyboard will display The cursor for insert mode is a heavy underline and the cursor for overtype mode is a square Compare pointer 199 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide D default m A preselected parameter design m A set of plans for electronic circuitry design cycle a The process of conceiving developing testing and producing a circuit digital m Circuitry in which data in the form of digits are produced by binary on off or positive negative electronic signals download m The process of retrieving a file from another computer E EDA u An acronym for electronic design automatio
68. apter 5 Creating a custom part Select No The part editing pad displays bordered by a solid line Within the pad a dotted border displays with the name you assigned the new part TIL309 The pointer displays at the bottom right corner of the dotted border The command line displays Place and Escape The dotted border defines the size and shape of the region within which you create the part body Pins you attach to the part are created outside this region with their connection points on the part body border You can adjust the size and shape of the dotted border by moving the pointer Try it Move the Place escare pointer to location 12 0 12 0 This changes the part body border toa square shape Figure 5 1 shows the part editing pad when the pointer is at location Figure 5 1 Part editing pad 12 0 12 0 NOTE Depending on your computer s monitor the border may not look square due to the proportions of the screen display 11 Select Place to set the size of the editing pad The BODY lt Graphic gt menu displays 85 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Drawing the body outline Changing the reference designator 86 Select Line The BODY Line command line displays Move the pointer to the upper left corner of the body at 0 0 and select Begin Move the pointer to the next corner at 12 0 0 and select Begin again Move the pointer to the next corner
69. as pipe link command You use the LINK command on the root worksheet to inform the various schematic tools which worksheets are in a flat design In figure 8 1 the LINK command links the root worksheet PROJECT SCH to OTHER SCH The filename of the root worksheet consists of the name of the design and a SCH extension Module ports are graphic objects that indicate where signals are conducted between worksheets Module ports that have identical names are considered to be electrically connected In figures 8 1 and 8 2 CLEAR LOAD and RCO are connected Hi 0 3 and Lo 0 3 are not connected 149 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide project SCH OrCAD Figure 8 1 Root worksheet of flat design OTHER SCH orcab Tithe Other shet of Flat beeign Si 7cpoocument Number REV A av 1 November 12rolehact of Figure 8 2 Other worksheet of flat design 150 Chapter 8 Structuring your design Creating new designs The remainder of this chapter covers simple and complex hierarchies Example files are included in the TUTOR design Before you proceed through the rest of this chapter you need to create two new design directories CMOSCPU and 4BIT You will copy the example files from the TUTOR design into these new design directories 1 On the Schematic Design Tools screen click the title bar or any place that is not a button The Design Management Tools menu d
70. ats in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for a list of available formats You can also create your own netlist formats See Appendix D Creating a custom netlist format in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for instructions Create Netlist also creates the connectivity database The connectivity database is used when transferring to OrCAD s Programmable Logic Design Tools and Digital Simulation Tools Create Hierarchical Netlist This tool operates similarly to the Create Netlist tool it differs in that it maintains the hierarchical structure of a design and in the type of netlist created Both Create Netlist and Create Hierarchical Netlist can be used with any design structure but most board layout packages use the netlist formats of Create Netlist Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide RO bd ka e Xd e kod Update Field Contents This tool updates part value and part fields Every part has ten fields that are used to hold text or data associated with the part One data field holds reference designator values such as U1A and Q1 Another holds the part s name such as 74LS04 or values relevant to the part such as ohm Q values for resistors Another is recommended for module values such as CK05 or 8DIP300 The other seven data fields can store any information you might find useful part tolerance vendor name part number and so on Update F
71. be similar to figure 7 7 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools ee aaalllt TUTOR SCH Electrical Rules Check Report Digital clock schematic Revised September 2 1994 Revision OrcAD Inc 9300 SW Nimbus Ave Beaverton Oregon 97008 7137 503 671 9500 WARNING Single node net Net at X i 4 50 Y 2 20 WARNING Single node net Net at X 4 10 y 2 20 WARNING Single node net Net at X 11 20 5 70 ou a gt o lt tol wn WARNING Single node net Net at X 70 Figure 7 7 The TUTOR ERC file The report lists single node nets which are unconnected signals at each of the locations cited Since the reported pins were intentionally not connected you can ignore these warnings If desired you can examine the schematic and locate these pins View errors Now use Draft to view the schematic Notice a circle at each location where an error is reported by Check Electrical Rules These are error markers To display the associated error message place the pointer in the center of an error marker and select INQUIRE from the main menu The error message displays at the top of the screen Repeatedly selecting INQUIRE cycles through all of the error messages for a particular error marker Select QUIT Abandon Edits when you are done looking at the schematic A NOTE If you save the schematic file by selecting QUIT Update File the error markers are erased 135 Schematic Desig
72. ble Logic Design Tools Digital Simulation Tools and PC Board Layout Tools transfer m A tool that transfers design information from one tool set to another tool set Also runs whatever processes are necessary to go from one tool set to another U upload m The process of sending a file to another computer user button A button that you can program to perform whatever combination of functions you find useful such as executables or batch files User button programs are saved with the design files so you can create design specific buttons and not worry about overwriting user button programs for other designs 203 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Ww Z wildcard m A series of characters you zoom m To change the view on the specify in a Wildcard entry box to filter screen by making the objects appear the files that display in a list box For larger or smaller example allows all files to be displayed in a list of files worksheet The sheets of drafting paper on which schematics are drawn Worksheets appear on the computer screen as a rectangular area in which you can place parts and draw wires INDEX A address OrCAD iv Annotate Schematic configuring 126 introduction 5 tutorial 125 127 160 172 Archive Parts in Schematic introduction 7 tips 188 ASSEMBLY LIB 189 Auto Pan 39 B Back Annotate introduction 6 tutorial 143 144 Backup Design tutorial 122 bill of materials s
73. braries 53 panning 39 coordinates 40 copying groups of objects 102 creating and using macros 45 47 deleting objects 68 displaying coordinates 40 grid references 43 dragging wires 74 editing part fields 61 75 reference designators 125 title block 118 184 exiting 47 global macro files 197 grid dots making visible 44 introduction 4 jumping to coordinates 76 labeling wires 114 macros 71 global creating 197 module ports 169 moving objects 66 multiple sheet designs 14 placing copies of groups of objects 102 junctions 59 parts 56 57 power 73 wires 58 70 setting work conditions 39 staying on grid 44 undeleting objects 68 updating files 45 wiring 70 Draft commands BLOCK Drag 74 Get 102 Move 66 Save 102 DELETE 68 EDIT part fields 61 75 reference designators 125 title block 118 184 GET 56 69 98 HARDCOPY 78 INQUIRE 135 JUMP 76 77 98 MACRO Capture 45 71 Write 47 72 PLACE Junction 70 Label 63 114 Name 19 Power 73 105 Sheet Add NET 17 Text 64 Larger 75 Wire 70 99 207 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Draft commands continued QUIT Enter Sheet 19 157 158 169 Leave Sheet 19 158 Update File 45 REPEAT 100 116 SET Grid Parameters Grid References 43 Stay on Grid 44 Visible Grid Dots 44 Repeat Parameters 100 115 Worksheet Size 41 X Y Display 40 TAG 77 ZOOM 42 drivers installing 196 duplicate sheet names 190 E EDIT command in Draft part fields 61 75 reference
74. ce that the title block contains the information entered in chapter 2 Edit the title block 1 Select EDIT The EDIT command line displays 2 Put the pointer somewhere Edit title block within the title block Select Revision code Edit The Edit title block Title of sheet menu displays Document number Sheet number 3 Select one of the types of Number of sheets information listed in the menu jorganization name For example Select _ jist Address line Organization name The 2nd Address line Organization name prompt 374 Address line displays 4th Address line 4 Since you already entered the name of your organization in chapter 2 you can either leave it as it is or delete it and enter a new name Once you press lt Enter gt Draft stores the information and redisplays the Edit title block menu so you can specify other types of information 118 Updating the file Summary Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic NOTE Once you change a field in the title block the information entered in the Worksheet Options area of the Configure Schematic Tools screen is no longer used for the changed fields 5 Following the procedures in steps 3 and 4 fill in or change other title block information Filling in the boxes is optional for this tutorial 6 When you are finished press lt Esc gt twice to dismiss the Edit title block menu and the EDIT command line The digital clock design schema
75. cend into sheetpath parts DPiace each part entry on a separate line Dverbose report insert a header for each pape ODo not insert a header for each pase Report is Qsinale spaced double spaced O ionore varnings Figure 7 12 Configure Create Bill of Materials screen In the File Options area of the Configure Create Bill of Materials screen there are two filenames In the Source entry box the name of the worksheet from which the bill of materials is produced TUTOR SCH This entry box tells Create Bill of Materials to use the worksheet file TUTOR SCH to get the correct reference designator values In the Destination entry box the name of the file where Create Bill of Materials stores the report TUTOR BOM Select Cancel The Schematic Design Tools screen displays 145 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 4 Select Create Bill of Materials and then select Execute As it processes Create Bill of Materials scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen The contents of TUTOR BOM are shown in figure 7 13 Use Edit File to look at this file Digital clock schematic Revised September 2 1994 Revision Bill Of Materials September 6 1994 10 56 40 Page Item Quantity Reference Part A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 TIL309 BT1 9V cl 47uF C2 470uF c3 22uF c4 100uF C5 C6 C7 C8 01uF Q1 LM7805 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 10k
76. chematic Design Tools screen 53 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 54 Draft loads and maintains libraries in your computer s memory in the order in which they are listed in the Configured Libraries box This is important when retrieving parts while creating schematics When you tell Draft to get a certain part name it searches the libraries in the order listed during configuration and gets the first part it finds with a matching name For this chapter Draft needs the library files TUTOR LIB and PCBDEV LIB The library TUTOR LIB must be listed first in the Configured Libraries box Scroll the Available Libraries list box up and down by clicking the up and down arrow keys to the right of the list box The double arrow keys scroll the list a full box at a time NOTE Libraries that reside in the current design instead of in the configured library directory are preceded with and are listed at the beginning of the Available Libraries list In the steps in this section TUTOR LIB refers to a library in the TUTOR directory 5 Locate TUTOR LIB in the Available Libraries list box and select it Select Insert to place it in the Configured Libraries list box Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic 6 Repeat step 5 but this time select PCBDEV LIB Notice that PCBDEV LIB is added to the list at the position of the green highlight bar which is located after the library you just inserted TU
77. connect to the sheet nets in the FULLADD SCH worksheet one level up in the hierarchy When you are finished reviewing the half adder work sheet return to the root worksheet by selecting Leave from the QUIT Enter Sheet command line and then pressing lt Esc gt to dismiss the command line If the QUIT Enter Sheet command line is not displayed at the top of the screen select the QUIT Leave Sheet command Select QUIT Abandon Edits to return to the Schematic Design Tools screen Figure 8 10 Half adder worksheet 169 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide ess EE Using Show Design Structure on a complex hierarchy 170 Use Show Design Structure to obtain a text file listing the worksheets in a hierarchy This tool is helpful for organizing a hierarchy containing many worksheets Follow the steps given in Using Show Design Structure on a simple hierarchy earlier in this chapter but substitute the filename 4BIT for CMOSCPU Use Edit File to examine the 4BIT TWG text file The figure below shows the information stored in 4BIT TWG lt lt lt ROOT gt gt gt 4BIT SCH November 8 1990 fulladd_1 FULLADD SCH November 8 1990 halfadd_A HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 halfadd_B HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 fulladd_2 FULLADD SCH November 8 1990 halfadd_A HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 hal fadd_B HALFADD SCH November 8 1990 fulladd_3 FULLADD SCH November 8
78. cts can be Mounting holes Mechanical hardware such as screws and washers A physical representation of the device you are designing Floating or unconnected pins that can connect to an option such as unused pins on a serial port Flowchart symbols Schematic Design Tools 386 includes special libraries containing nonconnective objects that can be used to customize your schematic worksheet but are not included in the netlist These nonconnective objects have no reference designators values or pins They are found in the libraries listed in table 9 1 ASSEMBLY LIB Part outlines for assembly drawings to specify position of devices for board placement FLOWCHT LIB Programming flowchart symbols SHAPES LIB Generic library containing circles squares 90 arcs and diamonds Table 9 1 Libraries that contain nonconnective parts See technical note 30 Nonconnective objects in Schematic Design Tools for illustrations of some of the parts found in these libraries 189 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Placing nonconnective objects on your schematic Uppercase letters in key fields Duplicate sheet names Changing netlist formats 190 Follow the steps below to place nonconnective objects on your worksheet 1 Use Edit Library to create an object that looks like an actual device but has no electrical connectivity You can use objects from any of the libraries listed in
79. d as follows Input module port Output module port Bidirectional module port Unspecified module port You can use module ports to connect single wires as shown in figure 1 2 and to connect buses You place module ports on a schematic using Draft s PLACE Module Port command 15 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 16 ILINK command Module ports indicate the names of connected signals but do not specify which worksheets are included in the design In flat designs one worksheet must have a list of the work sheets in the design The list heading consists of the pipe character the vertical bar on your keyboard followed by the keyword LINK The list elements are filenames of the worksheets that are linked to the root worksheet Each filename must be preceded by the pipe character Notice the LINK read as pipe link command on the PROJECT SCH worksheet in figure 1 2 The worksheet with the list is considered to be the root sheet You place the worksheet list on the root worksheet using Draft s LINK PLACE Text command The SCHEMI SCH SCHEM2 SCH example at right shows text as it SCHEM3 SCH appears on a root worksheet that has module ports that link to worksheets called SCHEM1 SCH SCHEM2 SCH and SCHEM3 SCH This text can appear anywhere on the worksheet ee It is important that the characters are vertically aligned If they are not Schematic Design To
80. d down lt Alt gt and type the appropriate number on the numeric keypad Typing numbers on the keyboard will not produce characters CAUTION These extended ASCII characters are not permitted 128 null 141 carriage return and 167 single quote If you use one of these extended ASCII characters you can expect unpredictable results when you try to open your worksheet 183 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide In Draft To define title block information in Draft place the pointer in the title block and select EDIT The menu shown at right displays Edit title block Select the field to edit and answer Revision code the prompts that display Title of sheet Document number Sheet number Number of sheets For more information see the EDIT command description in Chapter 2 Draft Organization name lst Address Line A 2nd Address Line NOTE If you are using an ANSI 5ra aadress Line title block figure 9 2 you must use 4th Address Line the PLACE Text command to place text in the CAGE CODE and SCALE boxes The EDIT command does not contain menu items to edit this information On the Configure To define title block information display the Configure Schematic Design Tools Schematic Tools screen and pan to the Worksheet Options screen area figure 9 3 WorkSheet Options Dlensr titie block Cleans grid refererces Dluse alternate worksheet prefix horkeheet Prefire Default worksheet file extension 50H Fi
81. d the part is the part s border If the edge of a part body coincides with this border pins can terminate directly on the part body But if the part body is inside this border you must make a connection between the part body and the border using the BODY Line command 1 Select PIN from the main menu The PIN command line displays 2 Move the pointer around You ll find it is restricted to the part body border 3 Put the pointer at a location on the border where you want to place the first pin For this example put it at coordinates 1 0 12 0 4 Select Add Pin Name displays The pin name is an identifier that Draft uses to identify particular pins The pin name does not display on the graphic representation of a part 5 Enter the name STROBE The Edit Library tool assigns the name The prompt Pin Number displays 6 Enter 5 The Pin Type menu displays The STROBE pin conducts a clock signal to the internal logic of the part It should be defined as an input pin type 7 Select Input The Pin Shape menu displays 8 Select Clock Edit Library places the pin and displays the pin number you entered 91 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide SE Addareset pin 1 Place the pointer at the coordinates 11 00 12 00 2 Select Add The prompt Pin Name displays 3 Enter the name DPIN The Edit Library tool assigns the name The prompt Pin Number displays 4 Enter 12 The Pin Type men
82. d wires to be placed The callouts refer to the step numbers in this section Edit the part values Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Refer to figure 6 9 as you follow these steps 1 Use ZOOM to change the scale to one to one Move to reference grid D 8 Get the 74LS04 inverter from TUTOR LIB and place three copies at locations 1 00 3 20 1 00 3 90 and 1 00 4 60 as shown in figure 6 9 Place four power symbols at locations 0 60 2 60 2 80 2 50 2 80 4 70 and 2 30 6 80 Get a ground symbol from TUTOR LIB and place three copies at locations 2 70 2 80 2 70 6 50 and 2 20 8 50 Place wires to connect the remaining parts as shown in figure 6 9 Be sure to connect the wires to the logic and display circuit at the two places shown in figure 6 9 Inspect the wire intersections and use the Place Junction command to add junctions where required as shown in figure 6 9 Put the pointer on the capacitor located at 2 20 7 20 Select EDIT Edit The Edit Part menu displays Select Part Value Name and change the default value CAP to 100uF Using the same procedure as in steps 2 and 3 assign the values shown in figure 6 7 to the all parts on the schematic Table 6 1 gives a list of the values to edit you have already edited the first item in this table Notice that some of the parts require that you enter information into the Ist Part Field 113 Schematic Desig
83. e You can run Back Annotate on a single worksheet or on an entire design For example consider the TUTOR SCH worksheet Currently the six LED parts in TUTOR SCH have reference designators of D1 D2 D3 and so on Suppose you decide you want the values to be A1 A2 A3 and so on In this example you will run Back Annotate on the schematic TUTOR SCH 1 Create a text file using Edit File Enter a filename in the File to Edit entry box For the purposes of this exercise enter TUTREF See the ESP Design Environment User s Guide for more information about the text editor that comes with ESP or to learn how to configure ESP to use another text editor 2 Include the information shown at right in the text file Use lt Tab gt or blank spaces to separate the paired items 3 Save the text file NOTE Be sure to save this file as text only Any special formatting inserted by your text editor causes Back Annotate to fail In addition some text editors may attach an extension to the TUTREF file If it does be sure to enter the extension when running Back Annotate 143 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 144 Return to the Schematic Design Tools screen and select Back Annotate Select Local Configuration and then Configure BACKANNO The screen shown in figure 7 11 displays Configure Back Annotate l OK k Cancel File Options Source TUTOR SCH source file is the root of the design OSourc
84. e commands for setting work conditions in a macro A NOTE This macro only works when you are at the main menu level of Schematic Design Tools 1 Select MACRO from the main menu The MACRO menu at right displays Initialize 2 Select Capture The prompt List Capture macro displays Read Write Macros can be run by a single key or a combination of keys 45 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 46 Single keys that can run macros are the function keys lt F1 gt through lt F10 gt and special keys in the numeric keypad lt Ins gt lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt Key combinations that can run macros include lt Ctrl gt with function keys lt Ctrl gt with alpha keys except C H and M lt Alt gt with function keys lt Alt gt with alpha keys lt Shift gt with function keys If you choose a prohibited key combination Draft displays ERROR Key cannot be defined as macro and displays the Capture macro prompt again 3 Press lt Ctrl gt lt A gt to assign a keystroke to this macro XA displays at the Capture macro prompt 4 Press lt Enter gt The message lt macro gt displays to remind you that you are defining a macro Any commands you select while lt macro gt displays are added to the list of commands stored in the macro 5 Type the keys shown in the left column below Draft performs the commands as it captures them ie ine lt l
85. e EPS graphic into many applications The following paragraphs describe how to insert an EPS graphic into Word 5 0 for the Macintosh Use one of many possible techniques to transfer the plot file from the PC to the Macintosh For example use MacLink Plus V5 01 from DataViz Inc with file translation set to EPS to EPS Use Word s Picture command on the Insert menu to place the image in a Word document If necessary size or crop the image to fit the space available Error objects Using sheets and parts to point to another worksheet About sheets and parts Chapter 9 Tips and techniques If you run Check Electrical Rules and it flags errors on your schematic remove them using Draft s QUIT Update File command To create a hierarchy you place an object on your worksheet that points to another worksheet file This object can be a sheet symbol a sheet part or a sheetpath part Their similarities and differences are discussed in detail in this section Before discussing sheet symbols sheet parts and sheetpath parts it is important that you understand the difference between a sheet and a part In trying to understand these differences think of the function of the object rather than the object s physical appearance Parts are graphic objects that you place on the worksheet to represent the electronic devices in your design Among other characteristics they have part fields are annotated and may have power
86. e blocks To organize your design by functional parts To maximize the performance of your tools Schematic Design Tools 386 offers two ways of handling multiple sheet designs flat designs and hierarchical designs Best suited for small designs with no more than ten sheets flat designs laterally connect the output signals from one schematic to the input signals of another All schematics in a flat design are on a single level as shown below Schematic B Schematic C a aa n Since you must manage all of the interconnections between the sheets of a flat design by the names assigned to the module ports it is best to keep a flat design relatively small Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Module ports Module ports that have identical names on both schematics are considered to be electrically connected Figure 1 2 shows an example of connections between schematics in a simple two sheet flat design The module ports in figure 1 2 that connect between the schematics are named CLEAR LOAD and RCO The module ports named Hi 0 3 and Lo 0 3 are not connected PROJECT SCH OTHER SCH IDINK 1 OTEK GCH Titra Root sheet of Flat Peasan a cament Number Da March sh 2 Figure 1 2 Schematics linked by module ports Figure 1 2 shows only input and output module ports Draft has two other types of module ports bidirectional and unspecified The four types of module ports are represente
87. e file is a sinple sheet Was Is Processing Options Clouiet mode Tonore warnines Figure 7 11 The Configure Back Annotate screen Enter the name of the file where Back Annotate gets the back annotation information in this case TUTREF in the Was Is entry box Select OK The Schematic Design Tools screen displays Run Back Annotate As it processes Back Annotate scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen Back Annotate modifies the schematic file TUTOR SCH to reflect the new reference designator values found in the WAS IS file TUTREF Run Draft on TUTOR SCH to confirm that Back Annotate modified the reference designators on the schematic Running Create Bill of Materials Make a parts list Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Create Bill of Materials creates a text file listing all parts in a single worksheet or an entire design 1 Select Create Bill of Materials Local Configuration and then Configure PARTLIST The Configure Create Bill of Materials screen displays figure 7 12 Configure Creste Bill of Materials C r File Options Source FTOR SCH source file is the root of the desion Osource file is single sheet Dest ination TOR B88 7 Meroe an include file uith report DProduce Comme Separated Value format p Processing Options Dlauiet mode Des
88. e name of the file containing the associated worksheet The two sheet symbols in figure 8 3 were placed on the root worksheet using the PLACE Sheet command When you place a sheet symbol Draft automatically assigns it a unique filename generated from the date and time of day on your computer You can accept this unique but not very descriptive filename or change it to a filename of your choice To change the filename place the pointer inside the sheet symbol and select EDIT Edit Filename The prompt Filename followed by the sheet symbol s current filename displays Enter the new filename In this example the CMOS MEMORY sheet symbol was assigned the filename MEMORY SCH and the POWER SUPPLY sheet symbol was assigned the filename POWER SCH MEMORY SCH refers to the worksheet on which the circuit s memory is located POWER SCH refers to the worksheet on which the system s power supply is located 155 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 156 Sheet nets Power objects Nested schematic worksheets A The CMOS MEMORY sheet symbol contains four sheet nets A 0 7 WE BACKUP and AD 0 7 These sheet nets were placed into the sheet symbol using the PLACE Sheet Add NET command Sheet nets are not module ports See Using sheets and parts to point to another worksheet in Chapter 9 Tips and Techniques for more information The A 0 7 sheet net is connected to a bus with eight members The bus members a
89. e part to the current library Write the current library to a disk file Get the new part Summary 94 Saving a new part involves two operations v Copying the part displayed on the screen to the part library currently loaded in the computer s internal memory This is done using LIBRARY Update Current Writing the modified library file in the computer s internal memory to disk This is done using QUIT Update file or QUIT Write to file Select LIBRARY Select Update Current The part currently displayed is written to the library now loaded in memory Select QUIT Update file Edit Library updates the library with the edits you performed during this session and then redisplays the QUIT menu To confirm that the part TIL309 has been stored in a library named TUTOR LIB select Initialize The prompt Read Library displays Enter TUTOR LIB Select LIBRARY List Directory Screen TIL309 should be in the list of parts in TUTOR LIB To dismiss the directory press any key Select GET PART When the prompt Get displays press lt Enter gt The Get menu displays containing the name of the part you created TIL309 Select the TIL309 part It displays in the edit pad Select QUIT Abandon Edits to leave Edit Library and return to the Schematic Design Tools screen Using the Edit Library tool you created a new part and saved it on disk in an existing library In Chapter 2 Introducing Schematic De
90. e to the first entry box of Organization address and press lt Enter gt Enter the street address of your organization 7 Press lt Tab gt to move to the second entry box of Organization address and press lt Enter gt Enter the city and state of your organization 8 Move the pointer to the top of the screen and select OK This updates the configuration and displays the Schematic Design Tools screen Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Running Draft Now that you have changed the start up design to TUTOR and set up your title block information you are ready to begin learning about the schematic editor Draft 1 Select Draft The Draft menu displays 2 Select the Execute command to run Draft The top and left edges of the new worksheet display as shown in figure 2 9 Because the screen is smaller than the worksheet the right and bottom edges of the worksheet are not visible You can think of the screen as a window into the larger worksheet area lt lt lt New Worksheet gt gt gt Figure 2 9 New worksheet in Draft 35 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Learning OrCAD basics 36 Main menu Pop up menus guide you step by step through OrCAD software Draft organizes commands using menus and command lines You can select a command by either clicking the mouse or pressing a key NOTE For complete command descriptions see the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Press lt Enter gt
91. eated 190 objects not included 189 nonconnective objects 189 parts libraries 189 notation 23 25 notes on schematics 64 O objects deleting 68 moving 66 nonconnective 189 placing power 73 placing power and ground 105 types 10 undeleting 68 OrCAD address and telephone numbers iv shell see design environment 210 P part fields editing 61 75 hiding 132 introduction 60 making invisible 132 requirements 60 size 60 Part Value field introduction 60 parts see also symbols adding pins 91 adding to libraries 94 block creating 84 converted forms 196 copying between libraries 191 creating 81 94 custom creating 81 94 drawing circles on part bodies 90 rectangles on part bodies 88 graphic 84 IEEE creating 84 introduction 10 placing 56 57 rotating 69 saving new parts 94 shading shapes on part bodies 90 sheetpath creating 84 parts list see Create Bill of Materials PIN Add command in Edit Library 91 pin numbers 196 pins adding to parts 91 nonconnective or floating 189 pin numbers 196 pipe LINK commands in flat designs 15 16 149 PLACE command in Draft Junction 70 Label 63 114 Power 73 105 Index PLACE command in Draft continued Sheet Add NET 17 Name 19 Text 64 Larger 75 Wire 70 99 Plot Schematic 147 197 introduction 8 PostScript files 191 power objects introduction 11 placing on schematics 73 Print Schematic introduction 9 printing and plotting see Plot Schematic Print Schematic HARD
92. ee Create Bill of Materials BLOCK command in Draft Drag 74 Get 102 Move 66 Save 102 BODY lt Graphic gt command in Edit Library Fill 90 Line 86 88 bulletin board OrCAD iv buses 18 introduction 11 Cc case significance in key fields 190 changing the start up design 28 Characters extended ASCII 34 Check Design Integrity introduction 6 Check Electrical Rules errors 161 introduction 8 tutorial 134 135 161 viewing errors 135 warnings 161 Cleanup Schematic introduction 6 command lines defined 38 commands notation 38 selecting 36 38 comment text 64 Compile Library introduction 7 Compile Schematic introduction 6 complex hierarchies see designs Complex to Simple tips 181 tutorial 171 components see symbols Configure Annotate Schematic 126 Configure Back Annotate 144 Configure Check Electrical Rules 134 Configure Create Bill of Materials 145 Configure Incremental Netlist 138 Configure Plot Schematic 147 205 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Configure Schematic Design Tools 32 Library Options 53 Macro Options 48 Worksheet Options 33 Configure Show Design Structure 163 Configure Update Field Contents 129 connectivity database see Create Netlist Convert Plot to IGES introduction 8 converted part forms 196 coordinates jumping to 76 Copy File tutorial 124 Create Bill of Materials checking for matching strings 191 introduction 8 tutorial 145 146 164 Create Design tutorial 151 Create Hiera
93. eeds to be shortened so that it doesn t run as far to the right Delete and redraw this wire so that it starts at the end of the wire connecting to the 22V10 s pin 1 and goes left to connect to the minutes circuit The junction at the end of the pin 1 wire is no longer needed Delete it 4 The third from bottom horizontal wire needs to be shortened so that it stops at the wire that connects to the 22V10 s pin 13 Delete this wire and redraw it so that it starts at the end of the wire connecting to the 22V10 s pin 13 and goes left to connect to the minutes circuit Since the junction at the end of the pin 13 wire is no longer needed delete it 5 Connect the wire that comes from the 22V10 s pin 23 to the minutes logic 6 Delete the horizontal wire that is immediately below the seconds display and redraw it so that it starts at the wire that comes from the rightmost TIL309 s pin 12 and goes left to connect to the minutes circuit 7 Return to pin 12 of the rightmost TIL309 and extend that wire down Get a GND symbol from the TUTOR LIB library and place it at the end of the extension The seconds circuit is now complete and connected to the minutes circuit Next you complete the minutes circuit 105 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Wire the minutes Before working on the minutes circuit move the pointer to the circuit middle 22V10 and select ZOOM Center Then follow the steps below to complete the wiring for
94. een Notice that the Source entry box contains the filename TUTOR INF Select Cancel 6 Now display IFORM s local configuration screen IFORM is the netlist formatter that converts the connectivity database that has been linked by ILINK into the format specified in this configuration The Source entry box should contain the name TUTOR showing that you will format the TUTOR files created by ILINK The Destination 1 entry box should contain the filename TUTOR NET 7 The Format prefix wildcard should contain the following pathname and filter Format prefix wildcard C ORCADESP SDT NETFORMS F EXE The Netlist format list box contains a number of files Edit the Format prefix wildcard entry box by inserting a W before the so that it becomes Format Prefix Wildcard C ORCADESP SDT NETFORMS FW EXE The list box now contains far fewer filenames Select FWIRELIS EXE The selected netlist format filename displays in the Selected format entry box Selected format FWIRELIS EXE 8 Select OK to save all of the configuration changes 139 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 9 Select Create Netlist and then select Execute to run Create Netlist As it processes Create Netlist scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen 10 Using Edit File look at the file generated by Create Netlist TUTOR NET It should look like the
95. eet symbol and select Enter Figure 8 5 shows the POWER SUPPLY worksheet The POWER SUPPLY worksheet is the schematic for the power supply circuitry Notice the module port named BACKUP The BACKUP module port makes the logical connection to the sheet net named BACKUP The BACKUP sheet net is in the POWER SUPPLY sheet symbol on the root worksheet of the CMOS CPU design see figure 8 3 The BACKUP module port makes the electrical connection to the BACKUP module port on the CMOS MEMORY worksheet see figure 8 4 158 Chapter 8 Structuring your design Q2 TIP31C Ti o5v E 4 1 TO 110 VAC cS 470 uF cRO127 GND 1N4001 GND 1 DA 1N4001 Bri D3 if av I BACKUP POWER CIRCUIT 3s ye Gee 4 OrCAD Title Hia A POWER SUPPLY REV B1 Number 123456789 a 3 XxX YYY Sheet 3 of Figure 8 5 POWER SUPPLY worksheet When you are finished reviewing the POWER SUPPLY worksheet return to the root worksheet by selecting Leave from the QUIT Enter Sheet command line and then pressing lt Esc gt to dismiss the command line If the QUIT Enter Sheet command line is not displayed at the top of the screen select the QUIT Leave Sheet command Select QUIT Abandon Edits to return to the Schematic Design Tools screen To complete a simple hierarchical design you will use a variety of tools The next sections in thi
96. efore running the other tools Other tools report information about the worksheet file and if you run Annotate Schematic first you ensure that reported information includes the updated reference designators The following figures show the simplified design after it is annotated using Annotate Schematic Chapter 8 Structuring your design fuljadd 12 CARRY IN AL X gu j opr cnay ovu i CARRY IN x uei Y CARRY oV CARRY IN x aC Y CARRY OU FULLADDC ECH Orcan Tite 4 Bit Adder Hierarchy Document Number A Dateci November t vgolshect ot COMPLEX Figure 8 11 4BIT SCH schematic TIAL FADIA ACH oxcap Title Size Decument Number a Date Novenber 0 1990 sheet Figure 8 12 FULLADD SCH schematic 173 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide v3A 761 808 vin 74us3a uae 743 808 vac 741508 gt OrCAD Titis Half Adder Lowes Level of Hierarchy Document Number s A Figure 8 13 HALFADD SCH schematic vic V4LE3 UAA 74L508 van 741 800 Mm Orcan Title Half adder CQhoweel Leve of Hicrarchy Eize Document Number REV a Ww 1 Novembex 9 179 cleheet st is Figure 8 14 HALFADDA SCH schematic 174 Chapter 8 Structuring your design Orcan rivie 1 Bit Pull Adder Hierarchy COMPLEX ocument Number RFV
97. en move the pointer right to the input pin of the next inverter Select End The wire segment is completed To complete the wiring draw wires between the remaining parts as shown in figure 3 1 You can speed up wire drawing two ways KO Select New instead of End for each wire except the last one X Instead of using the mouse to select the required commands press lt P gt lt W gt lt B gt lt N gt and lt E gt NOTE When drawing wires be sure to begin and end each wire segment at the end of a part pin not within the body of the pin Also be sure that the end of a wire does not overlap a pin If you accidentally overlap wires on pins or part bodies error messages result when you use certain Schematic Design Tools processors Placing junctions at intersections Place junctions Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic Wires that cross one another do not represent a connection To tell Draft that the crossing wires are connected you must define the intersection as a wire junction You do this by placing a junction at the intersection If two wires or a wire and a part pin are connected end to end however a junction is not necessary The connection between the capacitor and the input of the leftmost inverter requires a junction No junction is necessary for the connection between the resistor and the capacitor because they connect end to end A junction is also required where the wire
98. enrrenerersereseee 88 Draw Six more SCZMENES eseccseseeeeceeeeeeeeseessessensseeeceeeceseeseeeeeeeseneceereenagea 89 Add the decimal point cossscviusesscantsctesvavduateqarisanivabescdvgeavaas suunnbatetanetseapaneses 90 Shading closed shapes Pappas ASEEN E a S aee 90 Adding pins to a part esesssssseesersessseesereeseeseesesersertesereereeeeesereeroesenrrsrseereeneeseee 91 Adda clockpin ssssesseoscrcorrirreorrasesseisesiosessuesrecererresiiaessisiessissnosissijetieii suseni 91 Add a reset pin e sessseerererersererssrsrieceasssaseauosnsoeseoosersneesanrenserisrerteesseerserscene 92 Add the remaining pinS sesssssesssssessrsssessrererrereeerereeeerrereereerersserereeresneee 92 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 5 Creating a custom part continued Saving a new part sessssseeseseeesesesssessessseeeeeesersasnseeeeeeereereeeseeeeeeeeensnsesenereeseess 94 Save the part to the current library cccsssseceeesessneeeeesessteeeeeseenaeeessaes 94 Write the current library to a disk fil scscsseseececeeseeeseteseerseesersees 94 Get the new Part siccccnscewscacccssinscesnadascnasviivansbapnvas SPSE P E ESES an Ea SERER 94 SUMMATY sissecsscseessapssscctsnsacaubispecsoungencedepsesnesveseensncendsesinesssdss EuS r ERTES ieS 94 Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic seeeesereereereersrerreeees 95 CHOOSING PAtts vcacsscacicaverseinssseeaviraseceysnnteass
99. eps to quickly add labels to the wires between the 22V10s and the LEDs 1 Select PLACE Label from the main menu The prompt Label displays Enter LHRS3 Move the pointer to the bottom wire directly below the TIL309 on the left and place the label as shown in figure 6 6 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Label prompt Select REPEAT three times The labels LHRS2 LHRS1 and LHRSO should be placed in the proper relative locations on the worksheet If the labels are not in the proper location delete the out of position labels adjust the Repeat Parameters to correct the problem and repeat steps 1 through 5 See figure 6 7 and place labels for the remaining TIL309s LMINn and LSECn by repeating steps 1 through 5 The labels for wires going to the right displays slant in a different direction than those of the left displays but otherwise the placement procedure is unchanged 1 A Select SET Repeat Parameters Set the X Repeat Step to 1 the Y Repeat Step to 2 again these values may vary depending on your wire spacing and the Label Repeat Delta to 1 Select PLACE Label The prompt Label displays Enter RHRSO Move the pointer to the bottom wire for the right hours display and place the label as shown in figure 6 7 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Label prompt Add comment text Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Select REPEAT three times See
100. ere 63 Placing comment text cssscccsssscseenecerssteetseserereesseseeeeesseesseesnenseeosnesenserenes 64 Updating the file cccesesessssrsetserecenseseceeessesceseesasesevsassenssssssnssnsseseeneeenes 64 SUIMIMNATY ssceceerecesesnsnreresennsnasensnsseaoesosnsesseesscesssssecossnsesersvorsrersessesssenseees 64 Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator sChematic scsssssesseererererereseseeeeees 65 Continuing schematic Capture sccssccsseeseeeessecesseesseesessesesaserssevensensenesneeennes 66 Moving a group Of objectS esseesseserereeseerereeeresererrerrereorenenesreesseresrerereresrereneene 66 Move the clock oscillator circuit to another place on the worksheet 66 Building the power regulator circuit esseseeressserereereesrereenessrnsrerersernereensraneseree 67 Get library parts ccccssccsssseccssseecessneeecsseeeessesecnssssssveesscnsseseenseeeeneneensnees 67 Deleting parts from the worksheet sssssesessesssessersesesessesseseesnensesnesnenees 68 Delete an object ccscccsscsseceseeessesseenseeneseneessnesanenasesseecseenssossssrssseorseeseenees 68 Recover a deleted object sesssesssessrseseseserersreeseserereeereserenerereroranenenensserens 68 Rotating parts before they are placed sscsscessecsssesssesseesesesseesesateaeenseeneees 69 Drawing multisegment Wires eessssessesesseeeereeeraseessreereseerreeerenereneeereeeneerereeereeen 70 More MACTOS
101. esererrereerrererseeeerereerne 79 SUMMATY cicssasserecssssnsredsesesnntonstscenvesasendesesassassesseuaesensanensscesenseneceornesasoenaee 79 Chapter 5 Creating a custom pat eessessesersrrerererserererarsererrnsereeseevesesetrensssrereeereeee 81 Running Edit Library csscsssscsssssscseceeeeessosenesseeraceneessesesssoseesseseesseseeees 82 Configure Edit Library csscsssscsssscsssresseeresseeesseasssassonseeoonneenscevenses 82 Run Edit Library sessssssssessseecececeececcerececececeuaeaenesenteersnesscaseeususees 82 Setting up the work Conditions s ccsceesseeesseeeeneeetseecneneeenaeeeeseeerseeeonsseeseaas 83 Make part body border and grid dots visible sseresrersrsresessererrererereesesee 83 Beginning a new palt cccccsssssccccsssrscecessnsnneceteeessseseseessssseeeecsssenssesesseearenaeees 84 Open a part editing pad i 2555 s nisainycenencvsessepnceeanndavennacseavsaeteviaratongeaneseteanes 84 Drawing the body outline ccccsssssccsssssssrecesessnrnecessessssesseesecsessneecesensseeaees 86 Changing the reference designatOr csccccessrcesssseeesseeeesssneeeressieeeensneaseeranaes 86 Creating a part body sccssssccsssreesssrecssssseesensceessnsessrsesessnasssessesessoonssesessnenss 87 Zoom in to gain finer pointer CONtFOL ccscceesseeceesseeeeesteeeeeseteeesssneeeeennees 87 Draw a rectangle to represent an LED esseserersesrsereserserererorner
102. ew coordinates Follow these steps to move around the worksheet 1 Select JUMP The JUMP menu displays as shown below You can move around the worksheet three ways amp Using X location and Jump Y location specify the tag number of grid steps to tag add or subtract from the tag current pointer tag coordinates tag tag tag tag e Using Reference specify a new pointer location using grid reference Reference regions such as A3 Z location y location A B C D E F G H Using the tags move toa pointer location you defined earlier using the TAG command 2 Select X location The prompt Jump X displays Note the current pointer coordinates 3 At the prompt enter 5 The pointer moves five grid spaces to the right in the positive direction and the X reference coordinate reflects a change of 0 50 inches since each grid space is 0 10 inches K To move left enter a negative X value K To move to an exact X reference enter a value without a positive or negative sign For example to move to X reference 5 enter 5 or to move to X reference 5 0 enter 50 To move up and down use the Y location command 4 Experiment for a moment with these commands and positive negative and unsigned JUMP values 76 Tag and jump to specific locations Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic The TAG and JUMP Tag commands are useful when you need to return again
103. f your plots are too large or too small you can change the scale Select Manually set scale factor and or X Y offsets and the Set Scale factor entry box becomes accessible Enter the scale factor expressed in the form n nnn For example if the plot is larger than the paper you might run Plot Schematic at half scale by entering the number 0 500 Select OK 4 Select Plot Schematic and then select Execute to run Plot Schematic In this chapter you learned how to use Annotate Schematic Update Field Contents Select Field View Check Electrical Rules Create Netlist Back Annotate Create Bill of Materials and Plot Schematic The next chapter describes three design structures and shows how to create and use them CHAPTER 8 wi Structuring your design A flat design The LINK command LINK OTHER Module ports In this chapter you look at three types of design structures a flat design a simple hierarchy and a complex hierarchy A flat design is one in which all of the worksheets are linked at the same level Use a flat design for relatively small designs with no more than ten worksheets Since you must manage all of the interconnections between the worksheets of a flat design by the names assigned to the module ports large designs consisting of many worksheets or repetitive logic are more easily managed using hierarchical structures Flat designs are linked using module ports and the LINK read
104. file to save the worksheet in TUTOR SCH Select Abandon Edits to exit from Draft and return to the Schematic Design Tools screen You just completed the schematic diagram for the clock oscillator circuit of the digital clock In the next chapter you capture the schematic of the power regulator circuit CHAPTER 4 Ne Capturing the power regulator schematic In this chapter you use the processes you have already learned and also learn how to Z amp ka te RA kod e kd RS Sd e kod 1 Move a group of parts Delete a part Undo a delete Rotate a part Place a power symbol Capture and use a macro Set a tag Jump to a tag or reference location Print the worksheet Figure 4 1 shows the schematic diagram of the power regulator circuit you create in this chapter Refer to this figure for placement and orientation information while performing the exercise Figure 4 1 Power regulator circuit schematic 65 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Continuing schematic capture Moving a group of objects 66 Move the clock oscillator circuit to another place on the worksheet If you did not abandon edits at the end of chapter 3 you can skip to the next section Otherwise follow these steps 1 From the Schematic Design Tools screen select Draft 2 Select Execute The last active view of the TUTOR SCH schematic displays Although you could just move your viewpoint over to anothe
105. g nator such as U for a single element part and U A for a part of a multiple element part displays above the part Annotate Schematic changes the default values to unique values for each part in a specified design For example suppose the specified design contains three occurrences of a particular two element part with the reference prefix U When each of the six parts is placed Draft assigns it the default reference designator U A Annotate Schematic updates these designators to U1A U1B U2A U2B U3A and U3B For each of these six parts the number identifies the two element part of which the part is an element and the A and B suffix letter designates the part s slot in that two element part You should run Annotate Schematic before running the other tools Other tools report information about the worksheet file and if you run Annotate Schematic first you ensure that reported information includes the updated reference designators Annotate Schematic modifies the worksheet file but it also creates a back up file containing the original worksheet file You can also assign values of your choice using Draft s EDIT command but assigning values using Annotate Schematic guarantees unique values Unique reference designator values are necessary for some other processes such as producing a netlist 125 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Run Annotate Schematic 126 on TUTOR SCH A
106. gn Tools screen Enter V it must be an uppercase V in the Combine for Field 8 entry box This tells Update Field Contents to compare the contents of the Part Value field with the match strings in the update file Select OK The Schematic Design Tools screen displays Create the update file Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools The update file contains pairs of strings a match string followed by an associated update string Each string is enclosed in single quotation marks For readability place one pair on each line of the file 1 Create a text file using Edit File For this exercise call the file TUTOR STF See the ESP Design Environment User s Guide for more information about the text editor that comes with the design environment or to learn how to configure the design environment to use another text editor 2 Include the information shown at right Hs pia gt P uF K capitalized as shown in aup OKIE the text file Press lt Tab gt 100uF CK15 or use spaces to separate 470uF CK15 aired items ea SR P LM7805 T0220 9 1k RCO6 3 Save the text file T0 Robe 100k RC06 Mode 8DIP300 NOTE Be sure to save this Reset TJACK200 22V10 24DIP300 74LS04 14DIP300 file as text only Any special formatting inserted by your text editor will cause Update Field Contents to fail Update Field Contents compares each of the match strings in the left
107. gn contains these four files INPUT SCH INPUTA SCH INPUTAA SCH INPUTAB SCH 181 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Title block tips Schematic Design Tools 386 provides a great deal of flexibility with the title block on a worksheet You can use Draft s standard title block an ANSI title block or a custom title block you create If your paper has a preprinted title block you can use the SET Title Block command of Draft to not plot the title block You would then place text to line up with your preprinted title block This section describes ways that title blocks can be manipulated OrCAD s title block The Schematic Design Tools 386 schematic editor Draft creates a title block that looks like the one shown in figure 9 1 You define all of the information on the title block except the date and size Draft automatically enters the size and modification date of the worksheet OrcAD 9300 SW Nimbus Avenue Beaverton Oregon 97005 SO3 671 9500 Title Demonstration Worksheet Size Document Number REV A 191 0005 A Figure 9 1 Sample OrCAD title block ANSI title block You can configure Schematic Design Tools so that Draft creates an ANSI title block like the one shown in figure 9 2 OrcaD 9300 SW Nimbus Avenue Beaverton Oregon 9700S lt S503 gt 671 9500 Demonstration Worksheet CAGE CODE DWG NO REV 191 0005 ia August 30 1994 i Figure 9 2 Sample ANSI title block
108. gure 9 3 Worksheet Options area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Information entered here automatically displays in the title block of each schematic created after the information is defined 184 Suppressing title block elements Lines A Chapter 9 Tips and techniques To use an ANSI title block pictured in figure 9 2 select the ANSI title block option on this screen See Worksheet Options in chapter 1 for more information gt Helpful hint Consider defining title block information such as organization name and address on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen in your TEMPLATE directory That way each new design you create will be set up with your company name and address You can suppress the title block s lines text or both as described here To suppress title block lines and leave title block text on the worksheet display the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Pan down to the Color and Pen Plotter Table area Click in the Pen entry box to the right of Title Block Enter 99 to tell Plot Schematic not to plot the title block When you open a worksheet in Draft notice that the title block lines still display However they do not appear on the plot as shown in figure 9 4 OrCAD 9300 SW Nimbus Avenue Beaverton Oregon 97008 503 671 9500 Title Demonstration Worksheet Size Document Number REV A 191 0005 A September 1 1994 Sheet 1 of 1 Date
109. he Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide IFORM on 2 Select Configure INET The Configure Incremental Netlist screen displays figure 7 9 Configure Incremental Netlist Ea Peer File Options Source TUTOR SCH Reports Destination Processing Options Dlauiet mode Odescena into sheetpath parts DAssion a net name to all pins DRevert of f orid parta QReport ali connected labels and ports QReport unconnected wires pins module ports Dan ERC on all sheets processed O oetra O heck module port connections W Rebuiid file stack Muconditional iw process all sheets in desisn loo NoT create INF files Report onlw gt Process one sheet only This forces Rebuild file stack on next run Dirciude unused signals comected to module ports Dt eee ference est eretor es sheet nreme ftor_eteeteath wate Report emetu module values Cl Ionore varnings Figure 7 9 The Configure Incremental Netlist screen 3 In the File Options area of the screen check to be sure that the Source entry box contains the filename TUTOR SCH The design environment initially sets the Source entry box to the name in the Root Sheet entry box of the Design Management Tools screen 138 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools 4 Select Cancel to leave the configuration screen without making any changes The Schematic Design Tools screen displays 5 Now display ILINK s local configuration scr
110. heet scroll buttons Buttons used to move a directory in its window so that a different part is visible The four scroll buttons are sheet symbol m A block shaped symbol representing another worksheet Signals are conducted into and out of sheet symbols by nets See net Glossary simple hierarchy A one to one correspondence between sheet symbols and the schematic diagrams to which they refer Each sheet symbol represents a unique subsheet Compare complex hierarchy See also hierarchical design syntax m The formal structure of a language Syntax includes the rules for making statements in the language but excludes the meanings of the statements T tag m A marked or saved location ona schematic or layout You can use the JUMP command to go to a tag template s A set of patterns used to create new designs The template is not meant to be an actual working design text export a The process of copying text from a schematic worksheet to a text file text import The process of copying text from a text file to a schematic worksheet TTL s An acronym for transistor transistor logic tool A computer program that performs some useful task OrCAD tools are grouped into five categories editors processors reporters librarians transfers tool set m A collection of tools designed to perform a set of electronic design automation tasks OrCAD tool sets include Schematic Design Tools Programma
111. hown in figure 2 5 displays Destination oY Figure 2 5 Copy File screen 5 Select the PRESDT LIB file from the Files list box You will need to scroll down to see it 6 Move the pointer to the Destination entry box and press lt Enter gt 7 Enter the new name for the file TUTOR LIB and then select OK 8 Select Cancel to dismiss the Copy File screen and OK to return to the main screen 30 Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Running Follow these steps to display the Schematic Design Tools Schematic Design aia Tools 1 Select Schematic Design Schematic Design Tools Tools The menu at right Execute displays Local Configuration Assign Hot Key 2 Select the Execute command configure ESP The Schematic Design Tools screen displays figure 2 6 R Edit File Reference Repor ters Cross Create Reference Bill of Parte Materials Show Convert Figure 2 6 Schematic Design Tools 386 screen 31 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Defining title block information View the configuration for Schematic Design Tools 32 Before you run the schematic editor Draft take a few minutes to configure the information to appear in the title block of the worksheet you will create To do this you must display the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Select Draft The Draft menu at right Execute displays Local Configuration Assign Hot Key Select the Configure Show Ve
112. i rome Omran SXY SGGY SET Display coordinates X Y Display Yes SET Display grid references Grid Parameters Grid References Yes SGVY SET Display grid dots Grid Parameters Visible Grid Dots Yes Display schematic at full size ZS1 ZOOM Select 1 Chapter 2 Introducing Draft 6 Press lt Ctrl gt lt End gt to end the macro definition Draft displays lt lt lt MACRO END gt gt gt to confirm that the macro definition is complete The macro is now stored in the computer s memory You can run it when you are at the main menu level of Draft by pressing the key combination you specified lt Ctrl gt lt A gt A NOTE Some keyboards have two keys labeled lt End gt If you press lt Ctrl gt lt End gt and lt lt lt MACRO END gt gt gt does not appear try using the other lt End gt key Save the macro 1 Select MACRO Write The prompt Write all macros to displays 2 Enter tutor mac Draft writes the macro to the TUTOR MAC file in the TUTOR design directory 3 To tell Draft to read macros from the TUTOR MAC file select MACRO Read The prompt Read all macros from displays 4 Enter tutor mac 5 If you wish to test the macro you just saved change some of the work conditions and press lt Ctrl gt lt A gt to restore them Exiting Draft You are nearly finished with this chapter Follow these steps to exit Draft
113. iaerteceostoniay i iis 118 Edit the tile blockeieren toner iea aaa aeia 118 Updating tne file ces iiet siere ria e E ERE TE 119 SUTIN eater oscar otea EE O Eo EAE ERDE e TE a av eE rE ra aa SaN 119 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools c sccccsssccssssseesessssnecessnseeeessaees 121 Housekeeping cs sertrers snpesemes sa iiau os ea asadas aaar aae Sea atatia Ea atan 122 Back p Desie ntsc cveacsasitsaevsetssasavsaysouns aeaa E EKE S daea S aa ARE E ESANA ENRE 122 Copy Piles ccesecci ccs ccciescdvatecetsaosiessesetosiecsescedguadededostongaadsdevescdecsiabvondueedcss 124 Running Annotate Schematic iccsc62500cc00s isicssenetocsussevvuosecuasenareoeesadoessanuacivveeees 125 Run Annotate Schematic on TUTOR SCH cssssessseeessseeceessseeesesaeecesseaes 126 Running Update Field Contents isicyeisssssocsecssasveteavsesavncessosdsisvcteasandesnsdeccvasassencsnt 128 Configure Update Field Content scssssssccssssscsssceseesecesesessaserseesensens 129 Define the key Held visises ccsseaseatocssisicnsoscosisa sands savetaredeantvsncoap vecseanovaedeesuvenans 130 Create the update fil sirni asirini eisin i enia 131 Update the fields iniii tiii AEAEE RE EA 132 Hide the fel dSisccsusss nasiscansicivasvnssnivaacsateassuseesavtsemavsaa siden E RE E a 132 Running Check Electrical Rules sesessesssesesesesesereresesessessresorensssssrsesesronsovsrsesrsree 134 View Errors oi naa urens E gares E soca Tea EE I Ea EE EEN 135
114. ial you should perform a few housekeeping tasks You have completed quite a bit of work up to this point so it s a good idea to back up your design files In case you were unable to complete the exercises in chapters 1 6 OrCAD has provided copies of the TUTOR schematic and library files These files are called TUTOR2 SCH and TUTORSDT LIB By using these files you can perform the remaining exercises with predictable results Once you back up your design you copy these two files to TUTOR SCH and TUTOR LIB Use the Backup Design tool to back up onto floppy disks or to another part of your hard disk all the files belonging to a design To conserve disk space back up files are stored in a condensed format To restore the files to their normal format use the Restore Design tool which is described in the ESP Design Environment User s Guide Follow these steps to back up a design 1 On the Schematic Design Management Tools Design Tools screen Design Management Tools click the title bar or Suspend to System any place that is not a vendor Selection button The Design Show Hot Key Assignments Exit Management Tools menu displays 2 Select Design Management Tools The Design Management Tools screen displays 3 Select Backup Design The screen shown in figure 7 1 displays NOTE The Backup Design tool does not copy any files that reside outside the specified design directory See Chapter 9 Tips and techniques for a lis
115. ial Macro entry box and press lt Enter gt This entry box defines a macro that automatically runs when you run Draft lt Ctrl gt lt A gt is the keystroke that runs the macro In the Draft Initial Macro entry box however you use a caret symbol to represent the lt Ctrl gt key 7 Inthe Draft Initial Macro entry box simultaneously press lt Shift gt and lt 6 gt to enter the caret symbol and then enter A The entry box should look like this Draft Initial Macro 8 Move the pointer to the top of the screen and select OK This updates the configuration and displays the Schematic Design Tools screen Summary Chapter 2 Introducing Draft NOTE Once you configure A in the Draft Initial Macro entry box on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen the macro runs automatically each time you run Draft You can also run it when you are at the main menu level of Draft by pressing lt Ctrl gt lt A gt In this chapter you learned how to run Draft and examine and modify work conditions You also learned how to capture an initial macro and have it automatically set the work conditions each time you run Draft The next chapter gives you instructions for capturing the schematic for the clock oscillator circuit In later chapters you build on the knowledge you gain while learning more about Schematic Design Tools 386 49 CHAPTER 3 ia Capturing the clock A schematic This chapter shows you the processe
116. ield The other eight fields are named 1st Part Field through 7th Part Field and Module Value The data in a part field can be up to 128 characters long You can edit the contents of these fields and make them visible or invisible on the schematic using the EDIT command In this chapter you learn how to edit part fields one at a time You can also automate part field editing using the Update Field Contents tool as described in Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic For the inverters The three 74LS04 inverters that you placed are actually three of the six inverters that make up the multiple element part called 14DIP300 In the steps below you will give each of the inverters the name of the multiple element part that it belongs to by entering 14DIP300 in the Module Value field and you will use the Which Device command to associate each of the Edit part six inverters with one of the six Reference elements in the 14DIP300 Part Value multiple element part Part Field Part Field 1 Select EDIT from the main Part Field menu Part Field 2 Put the pointer on the part ae ATE you want to edit in this case Part Field the leftmost inverter Module Value 3 Select Edit The Edit part Sheet part Name menu at right displays inane Which Device 4 Select Module Value The Module Value menu at right displays Name Location 5 Select Name Draft displays Visible Module
117. ield Contents can change information in all but the reference designator field It changes fields based on the contents of an update file You create the update file using Edit File Back Annotate This tool updates part reference designators by using a list of old and new reference designators called a Was Is file You create the Was Is file using Edit File Cleanup Schematic This tool checks to see if any wires buses junctions labels module ports or other objects have been placed on top of one another Select Field View This tool makes the contents of a part field either visible or invisible on the schematic Check Design Integrity prepares a design for the netlist process by running Cleanup Schematic Cross Reference Parts and Check Electrical Rules These three tools check for drawing errors duplicate and mismatched reference designators and violations of electrical rules Decompile Schematic This tool creates an ASCII text representation of a design You typically use Decompile Schematic to create text files from worksheets use a text editor to modify the text files and then use Compile Schematic to create new worksheets Compile Schematic This tool creates schematic SCH files from ASCII text files The ASCII text file format is described in OrCAD Technical Note 47 Decompile Schematic s ASCII Export AEX Specification Librarians Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Schematic Design To
118. ierarchical design structures The worksheet represented by a sheet symbol can itself contain sheet symbols This means you can create hierarchies that are many levels deep each level containing greater detail This is particularly useful for very complex designs It encourages a logical function oriented approach to partitioning designs and makes them easier to manage Another advantage offered by hierarchical structure is the ability to use sheet symbols to refer repeatedly to stock worksheets containing common circuit functions This is often used in gate array and field programmable gate array FPGA designs NOTE A deep hierarchy is much more efficient than a wide hierarchy A wide hierarchy while not a flat design has many of the same limitations in organization presentation and structure A deep hierarchy more clearly represents the functional nature of the design For more information study the hierarchy examples in Chapter 8 Structuring your design Learning Schematic Design Tools Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools The remainder of the Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide shows how to design schematics by guiding you through the process of creating the schematic diagrams for a digital clock To do this you use the schematic editor called D
119. ign Tools 386 User s Guide The full adder worksheet Follow these steps to display the full adder worksheet 1 Select QUIT Enter Sheet 2 Place the pointer inside one of the sheet symbols and select Enter Draft displays the worksheet referred to by the selected sheet symbol Figure 8 9 shows the full adder worksheet The full adder worksheet contains two sheet symbols halfadd_A and halfadd_B These sheet symbols refer to two identical half adders Because they are identical it is not necessary to create a separate worksheet for each Just as the four full adder sheet symbols in the root worksheet refer to the full adder worksheet for their logic the two half adder sheet symbols refer to a single half adder worksheet for their logic Each module port in the FULLADD SCH worksheet is named to connect to the sheet nets in the 4BIT SCH worksheet one level up in the hierarchy Figure 8 9 Full adder worksheet 168 The half adder worksheet Chapter 8 Structuring your design Follow these steps to display the half adder worksheet 1 If the QUIT Enter Sheet command line is not displayed at the top of the screen select the QUIT Enter Sheet command 2 Place the pointer inside one of the sheet symbols and select Enter Draft displays the worksheet referred to by the selected sheet symbol Figure 8 10 shows the half adder circuit Each module port in the HALFADD SCH worksheet is named to
120. igure 8 22 HALFADDF SCH schematic 178 Chapter 8 Structuring your design OrCAD Tithe Halt Adder lowest Level of Hierarchy pele ere eS oS A Datei November amp G1 so0lsheet i ot iS Figure 8 23 HALFADDG SCH schematic 179 CHAPTER 9 w Tips and techniques Converting complex hierarchies This chapter is a collection of tips and techniques to help you better use Schematic Design Tools 386 It includes information about the title block nonconnective objects and other topics Unlike the other chapters in this guide this chapter is not tutorial in nature For additional information about any of the commands menus or options described in this chapter see the chapter for the corresponding tool in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide When you use Complex to Simple to convert a complex hierarchy that contains any sheetpath parts be sure not to use the same filename for schematics in the design directory and schematics in the library directory If you do Complex to Simple uses the schematic in the design directory instead of the schematic in the library directory When Complex to Simple is copying and naming schematics used more than once in the design it checks the design directory for duplicate filenames before naming new files For example if a complex design includes schematics named INPUT SCH and INPUTA SCH each of which is referred to twice the simplified desi
121. igure Schematic Design Tools to load a macro file containing the desired macro definition Glossary intermediate netlist structure Three files INS RES and PIP produced by ILINK for a design The INS instance file the RES resolved file and the PIP file pipe link commands are used by IFORM to create a netlist in one of over 30 formats K K u An abbreviation for kilobyte 1K is equal to 2 1024 bytes The K is taken from the metric system where it stands for kilo or 1000 key field m A list of the part fields to combine and compare Key fields are defined on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen L library a A collection of standard often used part symbols stored as templates to speed up the design process librarian A tool used to manage and create library parts list box m A box on local configuration screens and in windows that lists files in specific designs or directories You move through the list using scroll buttons next to the list box On local configuration screens you can specify a wildcard so the list box contains files that match the criteria you specify local configuration Configuration settings for a particular button If the button runs several processes each process can be configured locally One tool can have different configurations in different buttons For example Annotate is configured differently under the To Layout button and unde
122. isplays 2 Select Design Management Tools The Design View portion of the Design Management Tools screen displays 3 Select Create Design The Create Design screen displays Make sure that Copy all files is selected 4 Enter CMOSCPU in the New design name entry box Select OK The prompt Working and several messages display at the top left corner of the screen After the new design name is created the Create Design screen is dismissed and the design name CMOSCPU appears in the Design list box 5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 but this time create a new design named 4BIT 6 Select TUTOR from the Design list box The files you need to copy are in the TUTOR design 7 Select File View to see the TUTOR files 8 Select Copy File The Copy File screen displays Using the information in table 8 1 select the source file from the Files list box enter the destination in the Destination entry box and then select OK Repeat this procedure for each file in the table 151 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Source file name Destination 4BIT 4BIT SCH 4BIT HALFADD SCH Table 8 1 Files to be copied and their destinations 10 When you have copied all the files to their appropriate destinations select CANCEL The Copy File screen is dismissed 11 Select Design View Reset the current design to CMOSCPU and then select OK The main screen displays 152 Chapter 8 Str
123. ith this portion of the circuit Because we intend to copy this circuit it doesn t make sense to edit part labels or comment text yet Follow these steps to finish placing objects 1 Select PLACE Power Place to put power symbols above the resistor and capacitor symbols as shown in figure 6 2 Select GET then enter GND Place ground symbols below the capacitor and below and to the left of the switch symbol Place the remaining wires shown in figure 6 2 Place junctions at the remaining locations shown in figure 6 2 Examine your worksheet and carefully compare it with the schematic in figure 6 2 The exact position of objects is not as important as the presence or absence of these objects Correct any problems you find before going to the next exercise 101 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Copying a block 102 So far in this chapter we have been careful to capture only the portions of the schematic that are repeated in several areas Because three portions of the schematic are nearly identical you should be able to finish this portion of the schematic in about a third of the time by copying the circuit you just drew 1 Select ZOOM Out twice or ZOOM Select 5 to change to the five to one scale This way you can see all of the objects you are working with 2 Select BLOCK Copy Draft displays this command line Begin Find Jump Zoom 3 Movethe pointer aboveand left of the minutes circuit
124. l is used Organize designs by project All files associated with a design schematics netlists reports PLD source code simulation results and layouts are stored in one location This location is actually a directory on your computer s hard disk Each design has its own directory containing all of the files described above amp The tools in a tool set are organized by function Editors Processors Librarians Reporters Transfers Figure 1 1 shows how these tools are organized on the Schematic Design Tools 386 screen These functions are described briefly on the pages that follow The explanations assume that you are already familiar with common electronic design terms and concepts If you are just learning about schematic design some terms we use to describe the tools may not be familiar to you Don t worry basic essential concepts and skills are thoroughly covered in chapters 2 through 8 of this guide Advanced concepts are explained in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Editors You can run all OrCAD tools on a single worksheet or ona multiple sheet design Multiple sheet designs can be either flat designs or hierarchical designs To learn about these different types of files see the Design structures section later in this chapter Check Desion Integritas Create Netlist Cleanup TS annotate Hierarchical Netlist Annotate Rep
125. later Visible Grid Dots turns the dots representing intersections on and off The space between the dots represents 0 1 inch on the printed worksheet Follow these steps to make the grid dots visible 1 Select SET and Grid Parameters again 2 Select Visible Grid Dots then select Yes Grid dots display on the worksheet You can make the grid dots brighter or dimmer by adjusting the intensity on your monitor or by changing the color selection in the Color and Pen Plotter Table area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Updating the When you work on a schematic for a long time it is worksheet important to periodically save your work on disk as a precaution against power failures and other unexpected events Update the file Follow these steps to save the worksheet without changing its filename 1 Select QUIT from the main Quit TUTOR SCH menu Draft displays the Enter Sheet filename and the Quit menu Leave Sheet as shown at right Update File Write to File 2 Select Update File Draft Initialize saves the file Suspend to System Abandon Edits Run User Commands 3 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Quit menu Creating a macro Macros can record virtually anything you do in a program so you can automate many repetitive tasks and speed up your work Capture a macro Earlier in this chapter you used the SET command to change work conditions Follow the steps below to captur
126. lator circuit you need the following parts AnLM7805 IC regulator Two capacitors A nine volt battery Power Vcc and ground GND symbols As in chapter 3 the digital clock parts library TUTOR LIB contains the parts you need to construct the power regulator circuit Follow these steps to get the necessary parts for the power regulator circuit 1 Select GET from the main menu The Get prompt displays 2 Press lt Enter gt then select TUTOR LIB The parts menu displays Select an LM7805 an IC regulator and place it at location 15 00 12 50 4 By now you should be experienced at placing parts Get the capacitor and place one on each side of the regulator as shown in figure 4 1 5 Now get the ground symbol GND and place it in the location shown in figure 4 1 67 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Deleting parts from the worksheet Delete an object Recover a deleted object If you place a part and then decide you don t need it after all Draft s DELETE command lets you remove any object placed on the worksheet If you delete an object by mistake you can undo your action To familiarize yourself with the delete process delete the capacitor on the right side of the IC regulator 1 Select DELETE from the main menu The DELETE menu displays as shown below Select Object The DELETE Delete Object command line displays Object Block Put the pointer on the U
127. le DIOCK ccscsceseeseeseressesnsesssseesesensentensesesseenees 187 Using a library part ccccscccsssssccsssrcecessreeesssesessssseceesseeevereesesseneesens 187 USING WiTES csccccccsssssenscssesnsecceceeessrenseenesssseeeesseencnsssessoceseesseeresceeeens 187 Using your custom title block in each design eseesereeresresrereeresressssreeeeerorene 188 Create a template schematic csscccssssececssseceeessreeeeessnseeserssessseseeenes 188 Create a MACTO eesseesessesrsseseerorererssescseesssassossessucesreeecererererersseesnesseesee 188 Archiving Parts ccccssrrssssrecssssrecsserecceserersesenessesesscesonees E Re 188 Nonconnective objects esessserssessssesesesseserereresesssessrsesseessreereertereeereererereseeseenss 189 LiDraries cccecscscscscscccceccsceccscscceseceeseeceesenoneseeenananaeneneerseseeseeseeeasuneneneees 189 Placing nonconnective objects on your schematic sseeeeesseceeesseeeeesereesens 190 Uppercase letters in key fields cccssseecceeeesessnececeesessteeeeeseesessreeeesseeennenees 190 Duplicate sheet names ccccccssssssccessssnnceceeeessssreeseeesessssaeesesesersaeesseseosersaeaaeas 190 Changing netlist formats ccccssssscccsssssseseceeessrsereseneessnsseecesoesesessseaseneseeses 190 Reporting unused match strings sesesseseererererssrssesrsrereerereeeeerereeeeneresreneserseeene 191 Copying parts from one library to anOther
128. line displays When you stop moving the part details redisplay Move the part to its general location on the worksheet Refer to the grid reference bars at the left and top edges of the display and use the mouse to move the image to region A 3 To move the part to its precise location refer to the X Y grid display at the upper right of the screen and move the image until the display shows that it is at location 12 80 11 80 You can use the arrow keys to position the part The part s upper left corner is its reference point for positioning Press lt Enter gt and select Place from the menu that displays Draft places the part on the worksheet and creates another movable image of the part Shortcuts for getting parts Place the remaining parts Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic 8 Since you need two more copies of the inverter place copies of the part at locations 14 80 11 80 and 16 80 11 80 9 When you have placed all three parts press lt Esc gt to end the operation If you know the full name of a part you want to get froma library you don t have to work your way through the menus Simply type the complete part name at the Get prompt For example if you enter R in response to the Get prompt Draft searches through the libraries and displays a resistor Follow these steps to add a resistor a capacitor and a ground symbol to the clock oscillator circuit 1 Press lt G gt
129. location where you want the center of the circle in this case location 11 0 10 5 3 Select Center More commands display one of which is Edge Edge means the edge of the circle being defined When you move the pointer a circle expands and contracts 4 Move the pointer to any location five pointer steps from the center point For example put the pointer at location 11 5 10 5 Select Edge Edit Library places the circle 6 Press lt Esc gt to return to the BODY lt Graphic gt menu Shading closed When you create a part you may want to shade certain shapes objects to make them stand out To do this you can use the BODY Fill command 1 Select Fill from the BODY lt Graphic gt menu The Fill command line displays Put the pointer within one of the LED shapes Select Fill Edit Library fills in the shape Repeat steps 2 and 3 for all the LED shapes a fF YS N Press lt Esc gt twice to dismiss the Fill command line and the BODY lt Graphic gt menu After drawing the LEDs you are ready to add pins so the part can be electrically connected when you place it ina schematic Because this is a representation of an existing part you want to add the pins corresponding to the standard version of the part 90 Chapter 5 Creating a custom part Adding pins toa part Add a clock pin Edit Library s PIN command is used to add pins Pins must terminate on the border of the part body The dotted line aroun
130. locations shown in figure 4 1 A NOTE If you cut a wire with New the PLACE Wire command line remains displayed You don t need to select PLACE Wire Begin to start a new wire You only need to select Begin 70 More macros Capture a macro to begin a wire Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic You could continue drawing wires using keyboard or menu commands but it s a repetitious process Every time you begin drawing a wire you must enter three commands in sequence PLACE Wire and Begin You can do this by pressing the first letters of each command lt P gt lt W gt lt B gt You can also use Draft s macro feature to make it even easier by combining these three keystrokes into one keystroke You were introduced to macros when you developed the initial macro that sets up the work conditions each time Draft runs The following is a simple example of how to capture a macro You can extend the principle to create complex macros automating long command sequences 1 Select MACRO The MACRO menu displays Select Capture The Capture macro prompt displays 3 Press lt F1 gt to assign a keystroke to this macro F1 displays at the Capture macro prompt 4 Press lt Enter gt The message lt macro gt displays to remind you that you are capturing a macro and that any commands you select are added to the list of commands being stored in the macro 5 Type the commands required
131. match strings Copying parts from one library to another Encapsulated PostScript Creating EPS Configure the tool set Chapter 9 Tips and techniques When printing a bill of materials report using Create Bill of Materials and an include file you may want to find out which strings in your include file do not have a correspond ing match string in the design To do this make the following settings on the local configuration screen for Create Bill of Materials Specify your include file by selecting the Merge an include file with report option and entering the include file name in the Include entry box e Select the Report unused match strings in include file option Follow these steps to copy parts from one library to another 1 Use Edit Library s EXPORT command to copy a part from the original library to a temporary text file 2 Run Edit Library on the target library and IMPORT the temporary file Edit the part if necessary 4 Select LIBRARY Update Current 5 Select QUIT Update File This section describes how to take an EPS file from an OrCAD application into two widely used Microsoft programs Word for Windows WINWORD version 2 0 and Word 5 0 for the Macintosh Follow the instructions here to create an EPS file that can be incorporated into any application that accepts EPS Display the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Select one of the four EPS drivers To install the drivers on
132. n editor A tool used to create or modify a design file entry box a A box in which text or numbers can be entered using the keyboard _ F flat design m A schematic structure in which output lines of one sheet connect laterally to input lines of another sheet through graphical objects called module ports Flat designs are practical for small designs of three or fewer sheets See module port schematic and hierarchical design 200 H hierarchical design m A schematic structure in which sheets are inter connected vertically and laterally in a tree like pattern At least one sheet the root sheet contains symbols representing other sheets called subsheets See also complex hierarchy simple hierarchy root sheet and flat design I incremental connectivity database m Two or more files INX and INF produced by INET The INX file lists every sheet referred to in the design a INF file for each sheet describes connectivity for the sheet ILINK uses the incremental connectivity database to create an incremental netlist See also connectivity database and incremental netlisting incremental netlisting A method of creating a netlist in which only changed worksheets are processed each time Create Netlist or Create Hierarchical Netlist is run See also netlist initial macro s A macro that runs automatically whenever you run Draft or Edit Library For the initial macro to work you must conf
133. n Tools 386 User s Guide e B RE Be hr Part Location Part Value Part Value 1st Part Field Capacitor 2 20 7 20 CaP i1000 O o y yo Capacitor 2 80 2 60 CAP owk J y y Resistor 0 60 2 80 R iw o o y Resistor _ 0 60 7 30 R ik J Z y Resistor 230 830 R gt 10k o Z Z Y Resistor 2 80 480 R iok 4SW SPST Mode 12 24 BOTTON BUTTON Capacitor 4 90 640 CAP owk CT Capacitor 9 90 6 40 CAP ow o Capacitor 15 30 6 40 CAP OlUF Ts Resistor 8 70 640 R Ji o f o y O Resistor 13 80 640 Rs iw i O y y O Resistor 19 20 640 R ixw oO y y Hrs Min Table 6 1 Part value fields to edit Add labels to the wires 1 Select PLACE Label from the main menu The Label prompt displays 2 Enter CLK This label corresponds to the CLK label you assigned to a wire in the clock oscillator circuit schematic in chapter 3 3 Move the pointer to the end of the unconnected wire at the left side of the logic and display circuit and place the CLK label Remember when placing a label on a wire the leftmost point of the label name must be placed next to the wire The clock signal from the clock oscillator circuit is now logically connected to the wire to which you attached the CLK label figure 6 7 4 The Label prompt returns each time you place a label Label the following wires MILTIME RESE
134. n Tools 386 User s Guide Running Create Netlist creates a connectivity database or netlist Create Netlist in a number of possible formats To create a proper netlist you must carefully deal with labels module ports and power objects The general guidelines are s ka k e 0 ye Place labels in the correct format on all buses Place labels in the correct format on all signals connecting to a bus Place module ports in the correct format on all signals going off the worksheet Don t put blank spaces in labels or between prefixes and suffixes in bus and module port names Do not overlap wires or buses with other wires buses or object pins For a more detailed discussion of these guidelines see Chapter 3 Guidelines for creating designs in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide 136 Specify where to get the module value 1 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Select Create Netlist and then select Configure Schematic Tools Scroll to the Key Fields area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen figure 7 8 elds ate Part Value Combine gt Update Field Contents Combine for Value C O Combine for Field 1 OOO OUA Combine for Field 2 COON Combine for Field 9 Do Combine for Field 4 CO OUO Combine for Fieis COOC Combine for Field OC J Combine for Field 7 oF Conbine for Field YF Create Netlist Part Value Combine Mod
135. ndo rightmost capacitor Select Delete Draft deletes the capacitor from the worksheet Because of the way Draft deletes things some dots may remain on the screen where the deleted object was They are not really on the worksheet Press lt Esc gt Draft redraws the screen Any extra dots disappear Follow these steps to recover the deleted capacitor 1 2 Select DELETE again Select Undo The capacitor reappears Rotating parts before they are placed Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic Now you are going to try something a little different A battery symbol exhibits polarity so even though you know that the negative terminal goes to ground the symbol may end up backwards on the schematic if you are not careful You may have to rotate the part to get the polarity correct Follow these steps to familiarize yourself with this process 1 Get the battery part BATTERY from the TUTOR LIB library Once the part is selected the Get Part command line displays Place Rotate Normal Up Over Down Mirror Find 2 Select Rotate twice and see the effect this has on the battery symbol Before placing the part experiment with the other Place commands to see their effect on the part orientation 3 If you look closely at the part you ll notice that one end of the part has a long heavy line as part of the border The other end has a shorter heavy line as part of the border The long heavy line indicates
136. ns 154 Sheet symbols anen nanoa r E Ei NEE EEEE A STEA EEEN EEE S 155 Sheet netsi aneo err ane aoe eo esan Ee Ta eE erae P ENE Ee e aen a E SESE EEES 156 Power Objects is niorse riese ario isena ia aE A teeseveTss soles sedessoustiens 156 Nested schematic WOrksheets cccscsccssscesnecessscesssesseeesneceeseceneeessesenenenes 156 Display the CMOS MEMORY worksheet cssessesssessesereessesserneeneees 157 Display the POWER SUPPLY worksheet cccssssseessseeeereeeeneeeesnes 158 Using Annotate Schematic on a simple hierarchy ssssesseeeseeeerereeees 160 Using Check Electrical Rules on a simple hierarchy cccscscseeesseeeeees 161 WY GER 9 aise onre eson aAA eaaa EEE SE RA Saa TE EAEE EEE Ea ESSI 161 1 LOS d oi vied E E E A A 161 Using Show Design Structure on a simple hierarchy esseseeerseseserseererese 163 Using Create Bill of Materials on a simple hierarchy ccccsssseeeees 164 A complex hierarchical design sesesesesssssseserererseessssssseeeeeorererersnenereereresrsssere 166 The 4 bit adder root worksheet essessseersseessseessseesssreessernreeersseeneeeessresee 167 The full adder worksheet iscwivcitscessiszecsncesaceecustapaonoisesaasalnnnantiais eadeastaaansenss 168 The half adder worksheet cccssssssserssceneeeeeeeceesesesseneeseeeeeesetseseenanansess 169 Using Show Design Structure on a complex hierarchy ccseeeeeeees 170 Converting a complex hierarchy to
137. numbers in this section Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Four resistors three inverters two capacitors two switches and several power and ground symbols are needed to complete the logic and display circuit schematic Figure 6 8 shows the arrangement of these parts Refer to figure 6 8 as you follow these steps 1 Select ZOOM In or Zoom Select 2to change the scale to two to one Change your view of the worksheet so grid reference C 7 is visible Get the 4SW SPST switch from TUTOR LIB The orientation of the 4SW SPST is not correct forthis schematic With the part selected and the outline showing on the screen select Rotate to turn the part so the orientation matches that shown in figure 6 8 Move the part to location 2 70 6 00 and place it Get the SW PUSHBUTTON part from TUTOR LIB and place it at location 1 20 7 60 Get a resistor R and place four copies at locations 50 2 70 2 70 4 80 50 7 10 and 2 20 8 10 Select a capacitor and place it in locations 2 70 2 60 and 2 20 7 10 111 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Place the extra parts 112 There are also some leftover parts from multiple element parts to be placed on the schematic Figure 6 9 shows the arrangement of these parts e8 MILTIME is set for 24 hour format 1 vec RS c4 10K 100uF Figure 6 9 Inverters power symbols ground symbols an
138. o edit the part fields for the resistor and capacitor 1 Select EDIT from the main menu 2 Put the pointer on the resistor 3 Select Edit The Edit Part menu displays 4 Select Part Value and Name Draft displays 5 To change the value backspace over the present value and enter 9 1k 6 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Edit Part menu 7 Put the pointer on the capacitor 8 Repeat steps 3 through 6 entering 47uF for the part value of the capacitor measured in microfarads uF 9 Press lt Esc gt again to dismiss the EDIT command line You are nearly finished with the schematic for the clock oscillator circuit In the next section you learn to connect a wire in your circuit using a label The label allows another circuit on the worksheet to behave as though it is directly connected to the output of this circuit Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic Specifying Sometimes you may want to connect wires far apart on the connections with worksheet To keep the worksheet from looking cluttered label you d like to do so without having to place a line oe representing the wire connecting them You can do this by assigning a label with the same name to both wires 1 Select PLACE from the main menu 2 Select Label At the Label prompt enter CLK The label displays 3 Position the label image so the pointer rests on the unconnected output wire of the clock oscillator circuit Labels must be placed
139. oansouessersondeeniuld cauaadaceaseateeesaeenenasoasays 96 About TIL309 LED display ChIpS cccesescssseeessseessetsesessneenessneensensenees 96 About 22V 10 PALS a3 cccccsssusecakilssuacnevasacseonusecscaguntusuteaasoancecdaieuseimastgedaieasce 96 Running Draft again sssccsssssssccesesessnrseccessnsnesenssensacesesssvanassossnnseeesosaneeeas 96 Drawing a portion of the schematic cscccccssscceesreecsseesssneeeeesseeeetseeeessneeenaes 97 Change viewpoint to a Clear area ssesssseeceeesenneeeeeeseneceeeeeensaeeseneeseaeeeeens 98 Place the Paris sicccicnbevzarsasnawasarspesvecntavaaseeteduaseanvertert dunes isiin 98 Draw the first Wire si 0 1200 cscnccecenecsatiavecsevessssesdsissneserieessuastnadergsenanioansiee 99 Run the macro to draw the other Wires ccsssscccsssessneeecesesssnneeesssenseeerenaes 99 Define REPEAT parameters cssccisayesssoosscissrsvisexsesiesaenacgreadtonisbassacansanerivanens 100 Change viewpoint to speed wire placeMent sscssssssesssesneesseessseensenneesses 100 Use REPEAT to speed wire placement cccssseeecesessereeeeetentsneeeseenaeereeees 100 Place the remaining parts of the minutes circuit ce sesseeseeeeseeesseeeeeeeanee 101 Copying a DIOCK ccsccssccsrscessesscceseceseccesccescessesenssesssessssseecssssaessonsnsesseensseees 102 Finishing the Wiring ccssccccssccssncesessssecssssesesssessssnsssssscesesseseceseeessnesesnes 103 Wire the
140. oards printers and plotters These four manuals accompany Schematic Design Tools 386 ESP Design Environment User s Guide Stony Brook M2EDIT Text Editor User s Guide Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Before you begin to explore Schematic Design Tools 386 take a few minutes to install the tool set and register for technical support Just follow the steps in the installation instructions that accompany Schematic Design Tools 386 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Project oriented design environment Learning Schematic Design Tools Beyond the basics Schematic Design Tools 386 is one part of a fully integrated electronic design automation EDA system The design environment is structured so you can focus on what s important the design Designs are organized by project with all the design files schematics netlists part lists simulation results and board layouts stored together The ESP Design Environment User s Guide introduces the graphical environment under which Schematic Design Tools and the other OrCAD tool sets operate In this environment OrCAD tools and tool sets such as Schematic Design Tools are accessed via buttons There are four OrCAD tool sets They are 2 d Schematic Design Tools Digital Simulation Tools Programmable Logic Design Tools PC Board Layout Tools Buttons to access all four OrCAD tool sets dis
141. odule ports indicate which signals connect between schematics sheet nets indicate which signals connect between a sheet symbol and its associated schematic In figure 1 3 sheet nets are the small black objects shown on the borders of the sheet symbols The sheet nets on a sheet symbol correspond to module ports on the schematic named in the sheet symbol You place sheet nets using Draft s Add NET command which becomes available when you select the PLACE Sheet command To associate a particular sheet net with a particular module port assign the same name to both 17 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide FI DINAM SCH The bracketed notation A m n shown on the module ports and sheet nets designates the number of signals carried by a bus For example X 0 3 indicates four signals X0 X1 X2 and X3 Buses must have a label or a module port with similar bracket notation to indicate the number of signals they carry as shown in figure 1 3 In addition wires connected to buses must have labels identifying the signals they carry 4 bit adder 2 FIJLENAMI SCII OrCAD 16 Bil Adder Hicrarchy COMPLEX Size Document Number J March 19 1991 Sheot ot Figure 1 3 Hierarchical design 18 Simple and complex hierarchies How sheet symbols refer to schematic logic Moving between levels in a hierarchy Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design
142. ole schematic Follow these steps to zoom out and see more of the worksheet on the screen at one time 1 Move the pointer to lower right corner until the title block displays 2 Select ZOOM from the main Zoom present scale 1 menu The menu at right displays 3 Select Out A view of the worksheet at one half the original scale displays 4 Experiment with the scale using In Out and Select If you use Select you can choose the scale at which to view the worksheet as shown below Notice that this menu shows the keyboard shortcuts on the left 1 2 5 0 and T and the zoom scale associated with each keyboard short cut on the right 1 2 5 10 and 20 If you choose 1 you view the Zoom Select Scale worksheet at full size This present scalezt shows the most detail zooms in the closest If you choose 2 you view the worksheet at one half the original size If you choose T for 20 you view the worksheet at one twentieth the original size you see the maximum working area andthe least detail 5 When you finish experimenting with zooming return to full size view scale level 1 Set grid parameters Display grid references Chapter 2 Introducing Draft While working on a large worksheet it is useful to have visual cues that tell you approximately where you are on the sheet The Grid Parameters command Set Grid Parameters on the SET menu sets up some Grid References NO of these visu
143. ollow these steps to configure a library 1 From the Schematic Design Tools screen select Draft and select Configure Schematic Tools The Configure Schematic Design Tools screen displays Pan down to the Library Options area If any of the above mentioned libraries do not appear in the Configured Libraries list box configure them now Select the desired library from the Available Libraries list box and then select gt Insert gt Select OK to save any configuration changes Figure 8 3 shows the root worksheet of this simple hierarchy The design is called CMOS CPU The root worksheet filename is CMOSCPU SCH The root worksheet contains a descriptive name in the title block A title helps identify a worksheet but it is not required The title is independent of the filename A worksheet is identified by Draft and the operating system by the worksheet s filename Sheet symbols Chapter 8 Structuring your design The root worksheet of the CMOS CPU design contains An 80C51 and an 82C82 part Discrete analog parts a transistor capacitors resistors and soon Two sheet symbols POWER SUPPLY and CMOS MEMORY Power and ground symbols Wires and buses connecting the parts Each sheet symbol has a name and a filename The name and filename are separate The sheet symbol name displays above the sheet symbol the filename displays below the sheet symbol The sheet symbol filename has to be identical to th
144. ols 386 processors and reporters will not be able to find the linked worksheets In the example at right worksheet SCHEM2 SCH LINK will be ignored because it is not SCHEM1 SCH aligned correctly A good test of SCHEM2 SCH the LINK command is the Show SCHEMI SCH Design Structure tool NOTE For details about module ports see the PLACE Module Port command in chapter 2 of the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide For details about placing text on a worksheet see the PLACE Text command in chapter 2 of the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Hierarchical designs How signals enter and leave sheet symbols Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools As an alternative to the flat design you can create schematics that contain symbols representing other schematics These symbols are called sheet symbols The layered arrangement created by placing schematics inside other schematics is called a hierarchy Any hierarchy whether it is a schematic design or a corporate organiz ational chart has higher and lower levels Any schematic can contain sheet symbols that refer to other schematics and this nesting structure can be made many levels deep The schematic at the top of a hierarchy which directly or indirectly refers to all other schematics in the design is called the root worksheet You place sheet symbols on a schematic using Draft s PLACE Sheet command Just as m
145. ols 386 includes libraries containing more than 20 000 parts These parts represent TTL IEEE CMOS memory ECL discrete analog microprocessor and peripheral devices Schematic Design Tools 386 includes five librarians which are tools for managing and creating library parts Three of these tools work directly on libraries List Library This tool creates a file which lists all the parts in a library Archive Parts in Schematic This tool scans a single worksheet or an entire design and collects all the parts used It then creates a library file containing those parts Edit Library This tool is a graphical editor for creating or modifying library parts You can save an edited part in a new or existing library You can also create or modify library parts with a text editor such as Edit File These two tools convert libraries from source form text to compiled form and vice versa E Compile Library This tool converts a library source file into a compiled library object file The compiled library object file can be used by the other Schematic Design Tools Decompile Library The inverse of the Compile Library tool this tool converts a compiled library object file into a library source file You can edit the library source file using Edit File Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Reporters Reporters produce reports but do not modify design data The seven reporter tools in Schematic Design Tools a
146. or click the left Again mouse button to see the main menu Block shown at right Press lt Esc gt or Conditions click the right mouse button to Delete remove the main menu from the Edit screen Find Get To return to the main menu no Hardcopy matter where you are in Draft Inquire press lt Esc gt or click the right Jump mouse button as many times as Library Macro Place Quit Repeat Set Tag Zoom necessary until no menu or command line displays in the upper left corner of the screen and then press lt Enter gt or click the left mouse button Chapter 2 Introducing Draft Commands There are several ways to select a command You can use the methods shown in table 2 1 in any combination The method you use is a matter of personal preference Press the up and down arrow Move the mouse to slide the keys to slide the highlighting highlighting over the over the command command To highlight a menu command To select a Press lt Enter gt Click the left mouse button highlighted menu command Press the first capital letter in the command name To select any command Table 2 1 Selecting commands Draft responds to a command either by performing the command s function or by displaying another menu or a command line Menus All menus look and work just like the main menu Draft displays the menu name on the top line of the screen Press lt Esc gt or the righ
147. ort Plot t Schematic Ices Print Schematic Figure 1 1 Schematic Design Tools 386 screen Editors create or modify design files The three editor tools in Schematic Design Tools 386 are Draft The heart of Schematic Design Tools is the schematic editor Draft Draft is used to create schematics which are part of the design database Edit File This text editor is used to create and edit text files View Reference This tool runs a text editor in a reference material directory provided by OrCAD You can view files about drivers libraries netlist formats and other topics of interest Processors Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Processors are tools that subject a design file to a specific process The seven processors in Schematic Design Tools 386 are t K Annotate Schematic This tool automatically updates part reference designators such as U R It also updates the pin numbers associated with the reference designators in multiple element parts Annotate Schematic can handle very large complex multiple sheet designs It can update incrementally leaving previously assigned reference designators alone or unconditionally Create Netlist This tool creates a text file listing the logical interconnections between signals and pins The netlist information is used for board layout Create Netlist creates a netlist in one of over 30 different formats See Appendix B Netlist form
148. own These displays are capable of accepting binary coded decimal input Using TIL309s eliminates the need for decoder circuits Six TIL309s are required two each for seconds minutes and hours The schematic requires enough pins to drive the six TIL309 display chips and to transfer the carry signals Once again to reduce the total chip count for the design 22V10s were chosen to drive the TIL309s rather than individual parts Since the TIL309s are divided into pairs for seconds minutes and hours you use one 22V10 per pair three 22V10s altogether When deciding to use the 22V10s the following factors were considered number of inputs and outputs needed complexity of the logic that the part needs to handle cost and availability The 22V10s were chosen because they have enough inputs and outputs to accommodate fairly complex logic are readily available from several manufacturers and are not extremely expensive As in the previous chapters the clock parts library TUTOR LIB contains the parts you need to construct this circuit In chapter 5 you added the seven segment display part TIL309 to the parts library Select Draft from the Schematic Design Tools screen Draft displays the last active view of the TUTOR SCH schematic l Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Drawing a portion As you look at the schematic of the logic and display of the schematic circuitry in figure 6 1 it becomes appa
149. part The normal part in the example should include a pin numbered 0 Scaled printing Creating global macros Chapter 9 Tips and techniques Plot Schematic can automatically scale your prints to the desired size You do not have to do any calculations Plot Schematic does it for you Plot Schematic also automatically rotates the image for the best fit on the paper Follow these steps 1 Display Plot Schematic s local configuration screen 2 Enter the filename of the schematic you want printed in the Source entry box 3 Select the Send output to printer option Select the Automatically scale and set X Y offsets for specified sheet size option 5 Select the size of paper to print your schematic on A B C D or E Or if your software is set up to measure in Millimeters in the Template Table on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen select A4 A3 A2 A1 or AO 6 Select OK to save the configuration and display the Schematic Design Tools screen 7 Run Plot Schematic If you have macros that you use with all your designs try putting them all in a global directory Follow these steps 1 Create a directory called ORCADESP SDT MACROS 2 Copy the macro files you want to be global macro files to the ORCADESP SDT MACROS directory and delete the files from the designs in which they originated 3 Configure the Draft Macro File and Edit Library Macro File in the Macro Options area of the Configure
150. placements in the next steps work better if you center the display first 1 Move the pointer to the end of pin 2 at the bottom of the 22V10 2 Select ZOOM Center to change your viewpoint to center pin 2 on the worksheet Follow these steps to quickly draw more wires 1 Draw a wire seven grid spaces long extending down from pin 2 of the 22V10 PAL Press lt F1 gt to begin the wire and press lt E gt to end it 2 Select REPEAT from the main menu and observe the wire that Draft places on pin 3 of the 22V10 PAL If you usually use the mouse to select commands try pressing lt R gt when you select the REPEAT command 3 Select REPEAT six more times to place the remaining wires of this length as shown in figure 6 2 4 Place a single horizontal wire along the bottom of these wires from below pin 2 to below the resistor 5 Select PLACE Junction and then Place to put a junction at the leftmost intersection of the wires placed in the prior steps Press lt Esc gt 6 Press lt R gt seven times to place wire junctions at each of the other wire intersections Place the remaining parts of the minutes circuit Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic It takes longer to describe how to use the REPEAT command than to use it It s a good idea to plan your schematics to take advantage of REPEAT You have some more wires and junctions and the power and ground symbols to place before you are finished w
151. play on the main screen even if you only have one tool set installed on your computer This user s guide introduces Schematic Design Tools The best way to get to know Schematic Design Tools is to start with Chapter 2 Introducing Draft then proceed chapter by chapter through this book You will be guided through several practice sessions that show you the basics about using Schematic Design Tools Once you master the basics refer to the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for information that will help you plan and create your design The reference guide explains how to tailor the configuration of the software to match your personal requirements provides detailed information about commands and concepts and tells how to transfer a design between OrCAD tool sets It is designed to be a continuing source of instruction and reference as you use Schematic Design Tools 386 The design environment Tools Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Schematic Design Tools 386 is one part of an integrated electronic design automation environment Using this design environment you can Run the tools within a tool set The tools that make up Schematic Design Tools are listed in the next section Move between tool sets without switching directories or copying files Configure tools Each tool can be configured and the configuration stored This eliminates the need to enter command line switches every time a too
152. pointer snaps to grid points At either of the two higher magnification levels you can move the pointer to any of 10 intermediate locations between the grid points You need this fine control to draw the thin LED segments 1 Select ZOOM In The image doubles in size 2 Move the pointer between the grid points Notice that the pointer no longer snaps to grid points 87 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide eee Draw arectangle to Follow these steps to draw segment a the top LED segment TEPIC AN EED 1 Select BODY from the main menu The BODY lt Graphic gt menu displays as shown below 2 Select Line The BODY Line Body lt Graphic gt command line displays i 3 Place the pointer at location 42 0 1 5 4 Select Begin Edit Library is ae ee gt gt now in line drawing mode Delete 5 Move the pointer to location Erase Body 9 0 1 5 A line stretches Size of Body behind the pointer to show the Wind of Part line segment you are creating 6 Select Begin The line you drew changes color showing that it is completed 7 Move the pointer to location 9 0 2 0 This forms the right side of the rectangular shape A line stretches from the first line to the pointer 8 Select Begin again to complete this segment and begin another 9 Move the pointer to location 2 0 2 0 This forms the bottom segment of the rectangle 10 Select Begin 11 Move the pointer to location 2 0 1
153. r the To Digital Simulation button M MB s An abbreviation for megabyte See megabyte macro m A series of commands you can execute automatically at the touch of a single key Macros dramatically reduce the number of keystrokes required to perform complex or repetitive actions megabyte a One megabyte is equal to 2 1 046 576 bytes The prefix mega is taken from the metric system where it stands for one million Abbreviated MB module port A graphical object that conducts a signal between schematic worksheets See also flat structure N net m A graphical object that conducts a signal into or out of a sheet symbol much as a module port conducts signals between schematic worksheets netlist w An ASCII file that lists the interconnections of a schematic diagram by the names of the signals modules and pins connected on a PCB The nodes in a circuit See also incremental netlisting 201 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide P pan To change the portion of the worksheet being viewed by dragging the pointer from one location on the worksheet to another location As you drag the pointer the worksheet pans across the screen part m A schematic symbol that represents an object The object can be either a part or another worksheet part field A data area which holds and displays information about a part Each part has ten part fields two are reserved for part value and part refe
154. r area of the worksheet to begin working on the power regulator schematic now is a good time to learn about BLOCK Move Before beginning a BLOCK Move zoom outso you cansee all of the objects you are moving as well as the beginning and ending points of the move Follow these steps to zoom out and then move the clock oscillator circuit 1 Select ZOOM Select 5 to change the scale from one to five The entire worksheet displays 2 Select BLOCK and then select Move 3 Place the pointer above and to the left of the clock oscillator circuit and select Begin 4 Move the pointer below and to the right of the circuit As you move the pointer a rectangle expands and contracts 5 When the rectangle encloses the entire circuit select End The rectangle locks onto the circuit 6 Move the outline of the circuit until it is centered in the B 2 region of the worksheet 7 Select Place to move the clock oscillator circuit The circuit moves to the new location 8 Select ZOOM Select 1 to return to a one to one scale 9 Place the pointer in the A 2 area of the worksheet and select ZOOM Center Draft moves the view of the worksheet so that the pointer displays in the center of the screen You are now ready to capture the schematic for the power regulator circuit Building the power regulator circuit Get library parts and place them on the worksheet Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator schematic To build the power regu
155. raft to create the schematic of the clock circuitry Within the schematic are three smaller circuits A clock oscillator circuit A power regulator circuit A logic and display circuit Each chapter builds on the skills and concepts from the previous chapter As you complete each chapter you create a series of design files The summaries that follow describe the design concepts and skills you learn in each chapter This chapter introduces Draft the Schematic Design Tools schematic editor You learn how to run the design environment run Design Management Tools set up work conditions for Draft run Draft capture and save an initial macro and save your work In this chapter you create or capture a small schematic and learn the basic procedures required for schematic capture You learn how to get and place library parts how to place wires how to place junctions and how to place labels and text In this chapter you capture a schematic that is slightly more complex than the previous schematic You learn how to move a group of parts delete a part undo a delete operation rotate a part place a power symbol set a tag jump to a tag or a reference and print a hard copy of the schematic 21 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 5 Creating a custom part Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Chapter 8 Structuring your design
156. rchical Netlist changing formats 190 introduction 5 Create Netlist changing formats 190 configuring 138 connectivity databases 136 introduction 5 module value specifying 137 tutorial 136 140 Cross Reference Parts introduction 8 custom libraries copying parts between 191 creating 188 206 D Decompile Library introduction 7 Decompile Schematic introduction 6 DELETE command in Draft 68 design environment backing up designs 122 changing designs 27 changing start up design copying files 124 creating new designs 151 running 26 Design Management Tools 27 Design Options on Configure ESP screen 28 design specific libraries 188 designs backing up 122 complex 14 design process 13 20 efficient 20 flat 14 149 hierarchical advantages 20 annotating 160 complex 19 166 Create Bill of Materials 164 description 17 20 difference between simple and complex 153 moving between sheets 19 nesting worksheets 156 placing sheet symbols 17 referring to identical worksheets 167 sheet symbols 155 159 Show Design Structure 163 170 simple 19 153 tips for converting to simple 181 Index re designs continued Draft continued large 14 quitting 47 moving 195 returning to the main menu 38 organizing 26 rotating parts 69 protecting 188 running 35 recommended practices 14 saving schematics 45 Draft selecting changing worksheet scale 42 commands 37 configuring worksheet size 41 default title block contents 33 initial macros 48 li
157. re Cross Reference Parts This tool scans specified schematic files gathers information for all the parts used in the schematic files and creates a report that lists each part s location in the design Create Bill of Materials This tool creates a summary list sorted by reference designator of all the parts used You can also merge additional information into the summary list by using an include file Check Electrical Rules This tool checks for conformity to basic electrical rules It checks for shorts inputs with no driving source unconnected pins bus contention and other common electrical hookup problems o Show Design Structure For a hierarchical design this tool displays the design s root worksheet filename plus all the associated sheet symbol names and the filename of each sheet For a flat design it displays the design s root worksheet filename plus the schematic filenames of the linked sheets Convert Plot to IGES This tool translates a schematic plot file created by Plot Schematic into IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification text format This common data format allows schematic plot files to be stored on a mainframe computer or used with other applications that accept IGES input such as VersaCAD Ke Plot Schematic This tool plots a single schematic or all the schematics in a design It produces high resolution plots of your designs is capable of scaling and can handle much la
158. re labeled AO through A7 While sheet nets do not need to have the same prefixes as the bus labels to which they connect A in this example the sheet nets must specify the same ranges as the bus labels to which they connect 0 7 For sheet nets and module ports there should be no space between the prefix and suffix portions of the names Power objects represent connections from the outside world to the pins in a part Unless otherwise specified power objects are global in scope they connect to all other signals of the same name On the root worksheet a power object named 5V connects to a power object named Vpp This connects the 5V supply to the Vpp pins of the 80C51 and the 82C82 parts Likewise a power object named GND connects to a power object named Vss This connects power ground to the Vss pins of the 80C51 and the 82C82 parts Once the sheet symbols for the nested logic are completed you then create the worksheets to which these sheet symbols refer NOTE You don t have to create the root worksheet of the hierarchy before creating the nested worksheets however a top down design methodology is recommended Chapter 8 Structuring your design Display the CMOS 1 Run Draft and select QUIT Enter Sheet MEMORY worescet 2 Place the pointer inside the CMOS MEMORY sheet symbol and select Enter Draft displays the CMOS MEMORY worksheet figure 8 4 VoD OrCAD BACKUP
159. rence one is recommended for module value and seven can be used to store other useful information See also key field PCB u An acronym for printed circuit board PLD ua An acronym for programmable logic device See programmable logic device pointer m An arrow on the screen that moves as you move the mouse W Compare cursor processor m A tool that subjects a design file to a specific process programmable logic device w A type of integrated circuit that contains fuses that can be blown eliminating certain logical operations in the device and leaving others intact giving the device one of many possible logical architectures or logical configurations prompt m A query froma program asking you to enter specific information 202 R radio button a A small circle O Radio buttons are used in lists of mutually exclusive options only one button can be active at a time Compare check box reporter a A tool that creates a report but does not modify design data root directory s The main directory on your computer the directory that the computer boots from root sheet s The worksheet from which references to other worksheets are made in a flat or hierarchical design Each design has only one root worksheet See also flat design and hierarchical design S schematic m A graphical representation of a circuit using a standard set of electronics symbols See flat design hierarchical design and root s
160. rent that three regions are nearly identical seconds minutes and hours Take advantage of this duplication by creating the schematic for the minutes area figure 6 2 and copying it to the other areas Figure 6 2 The minutes circuit 97 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Change viewpoint to a 98 clear area Place the parts Follow these steps to move to an area of the worksheet with enough room to add the display and logic circuitry 1 Select ZOOM Select 2 to change the scale to two to one This scale will work better for the tasks outlined in the next steps 2 Select JUMP Reference C 4 to bring the center of the worksheet into view The clock oscillator and power regulator circuits you captured earlier are in the lower right area grid references A 2 and B 2 of the worksheet The entire upper half of the worksheet is still vacant so you can use it for this portion of the schematic The display and logic circuit shown in figure 6 1 contains so much detail that your immediate task of capturing the minutes area may seem more difficult than it actually is Figure 6 2 shows only the parts and wires associated with the minutes area of the schematic By comparing figure 6 2 with figure 6 1 you see the similarities in each of the areas The steps in the next section describe how to build the minutes circuit Follow these steps to place parts for the minutes circuit 1 Select GET The promp
161. rger designs than Print Schematic can Devices that accept vector commands are considered to be plotters A vector is one or more points and an associated function For example a line has two points and a shortest distance function a circle has a center point and a radius function Postscript is a vector language Transfers Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Print Schematic This tool prints a single schematic or all the schematics in a design It produces draft quality printouts of your designs at the default scale Devices that accept raster commands are considered to be printers A raster is an array of dots which may define any shape Three of the transfer tools perform the steps needed to prepare a design for use by another OrCAD tool set The To Main transfer tool simply displays the main screen The four transfer tools in Schematic Design Tools are To PLD This tool updates part value and part fields annotates the reference designators extracts the PLD information and displays the Programmable Logic Tools screen To Digital Simulation This tool annotates the reference designators builds a connectivity database creates trace and stimulus files and displays the Digital Simulation Tools screen To Layout This tool updates part value and part fields annotates the reference designators builds a netlist and displays the PC Board Layout Tools screen To Main This tool displa
162. rs circuits The following sections describe how to do this As you follow the steps in each of these sections refer to the callouts and so on in each figure These callouts correspond to the numbered steps that follow the figure 103 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Wire the seconds circuit The following steps correspond to the callouts in figure 6 4 Before you begin move the pointer to the rightmost 22V10 and select ZOOM Select 1 Figure 6 4 Seconds area of the clock logic The callouts refer to the step numbers in this section 1 The horizontal wire from the 22V10 s pin 11 should be shortened Referring to the in figure 6 4 delete the wire and redraw it so that it is only six or seven grid spaces long Once the wire is the correct length select PLACE Power to get a power symbol This symbol must be turned before it is placed on the schematic so select Orientation Right and then place it at the end of the wire you just drew 104 Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic 2 The bottom horizontal wire musthave a GNDsymbol added to it Draw a wire that extends two grid spaces down from the right end of this wire Get a GND symbol from the library TUTOR LIB and place it at the end of this wire Draw a wire that connects the left end of this wire to the bottom horizontal wire of the center or minutes circuit 3 The second from bottom horizontal wire n
163. rsion Schematic Tools Configure Schematic Tools command Help Figure 2 7 shows the top portion of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen The parameters you see may differ from those in the figure because some of the configuration information depends on your system hardware For more information about the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen see Chapter 1 Configure Schematic Tools in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide Configure Schematic Design Tools es Oriver Options Driver Prefix E NORCADESP DRVN Available Display Drivers Resolution Colors Adapter Name 642 x 200 2 Color Graphics Adapter 640 x 202 16 EGA standard monitor 642 x 200 16 Tecmar Graphics Master 648 x 360 1 EGA Monochrome monitor 640 x 350 4 EGA 64K RAM 640 x I 16 EGA Enhanced monitor Configured Display Driver VGAIG DRY__ Available Printer Orivers Manufacturer Model Resolution AMT ACCEL 500 120 x 120 C ITOH 1660 65610 136 x 144 Al C ITOH P310 136 x 144 DataProducts 80012 Epson Eeson Mx Configured Printer Oriver EPSONO DRY _ Available Plotter Drivers Manufacturer amp Model Calcome Intelligent Calcom gt Non Intel ligent gt r Figure 2 7 Top portion of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Chapter 2 Introducing Draft 3 Scroll to the Worksheet Options area figure 2 8 HorkShaet Options Dlansz titie block lens arid references use alternate worksheet prefix Ho
164. rt CMOS MEMORY Revised October 9 1991 123456789 xxx yyy Revision B1 OrCAD WARNING POWER Supplies are CONNECTED VSS lt gt GND POWER SCH Electrical Rules Check Report POWER SUPPLY Revised May 31 1991 123456789 xxx yyy Revision B1 OrCAD Figure 8 6 The error report produced by Check Electrical Rules for CMOSCPU SCH 162 Using Show Design Structure on a simple hierarchy Chapter 8 Structuring your design Use Show Design Structure to obtain a text file listing the worksheets in a hierarchy This tool is helpful for organizing a hierarchy containing many worksheets Follow these steps to run Show Design Structure 1 Select Show Design Structure on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Local Configuration and Configure TREELIST The Configure Show Design Structure screen displays 2 Check to make sure that the Source entry box contains the filename CMOSCPU SCH 3 Check to make sure that the Destination entry box contains the filename CMOSCPU TWG Show Design Structure is now configured to create a schematic structure list for CMOSCPU SCH and save the results in a text file CMOSCPU TWG 4 Select OK to save any changes to the configuration 5 Select Show Design Structure and then select Execute As it processes Show Design Structure scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen Use Edit File to examine the CMOS
165. rt srsisore orreri i oinei rnern asdsa EE E EEE AEA a 194 CONCIUSION sccccceesssnsccessceceeesssseeeeeesssnseceessneeceessasseseesseseseseneeeeessnaeeeenes 195 Moving deSigns cccsscccceseeceeseecessnsceeseeseeseecessneeeesseeesneeeessnecensaseseseeesenseseaes 195 Installing new drivers iicsncksecintsicassensavinavsecdadianasayesaatpebhvanatanntasesunaueandcas erevetsenas 196 Removing error objects eesssssssesessssrrssssereeessssseeresereessssesrsessseeesnsseeensseeesssseeesse 196 Converted part fOrmMs cccsccessscsssscessecesseeeseceseceessceseesessesesecessneesseeeseeenseoens 196 Scaled printing scccrsescrorccecsssrrcccsssserocsessssessssssnssensessssesncesssennsseseossseascenens 197 Creating global MACTOS cssccsssrerssssorseesssescnsessseesseseusseestanseeesseosesesssooeecconaee 197 GIOSSArY A E E E A 199 joalo L E E I E T T 205 xiv CHAPTER 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Finding the information you need Installation Welcome to practical electronic engineering You now own OrCAD s Schematic Design Tools 386 a design automation tool set with the power of an engineering workstation You can complete complex design tasks using Schematic Design Tools 386 in a fraction of the time it takes by hand Schematic Design Tools 386 was developed specifically to run on DOS based personal computers using an 80386 or later processor In addition it supports most popular graphics b
166. rt on a worksheet using Draft s GET command To change it to a sheet part you use Draft s EDIT SheetPart Name command to tell it to point to a worksheet file Once you give a library part a sheet part name it no longer functions as a part It functions as a sheet and has all the sheet characteristics described in table 9 2 The worksheet file that a sheet part points to should be stored in the current design directory unless a path is specified with the SheetPart Name A sheetpath part is similar to a library part in that it is stored in a library It may function as a sheet or as a library part When you get a sheetpath part from a library it already points to a worksheet file If you select the Descend into sheetpath parts option ona tool s local configuration screen a sheetpath part functions as a sheet and has all the sheet characteristics described in table 9 2 If you don t select this option the sheetpath part functions as a part and has all of the part characteristics described in table 9 2 OrCAD libraries don t contain any sheetpath parts You must create them and add them to a library The worksheet file that a sheetpath part points to should be stored in the directory specified in the Library Prefix entry box in the Library Options area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Conclusion Moving designs Chapter 9 Tips and techniques As described previously in this section be sure to think of
167. rtepirarert Pr a Fis Default worksheet file extension 50H Figure 2 8 Worksheet Options area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen Notice the Document number Revision Title Organization name and Organization address entry boxes Any information entered in these fields becomes a part of your worksheet s title block For this tutorial you enter information in the Title Organization name and Organization address entry boxes 4 Position the pointer within the Title entry box and press lt Enter gt Enter the title Digital clock schematic 33 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 34 5 Press lt Tab gt to move to the next entry box in this case Organization name and press lt Enter gt Enter the name of your organization NOTES Extended ASCII characters can be used in any title block entry box except Sheet Size To enter extended ASCII characters enable your keyboard s NumLock function and press lt Alt gt while typing the appropriate number on the numeric keypad Using the number keys on the keyboard will not produce any characters The extended ASCII character set is from the MS DOS English code page table 437 CAUTION These extended ASCII characters are not permitted 128 null 141 carriage return and 167 single quote If you use one of these extended ASCII characters you can expect unpredictable results when you try to open your worksheet 6 Press lt Tab gt to mov
168. s chapter discuss the following tools Annotate Schematic Check Electrical Rules Show Design Structure and Create Bill of Materials 159 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Using Annotate Once a design is complete you run Annotate Schematic to Schematic on a simple assign unique values to the part reference designators hi h terareny Follow these steps to annotate the simple hierarchy represented by the worksheet CMOSCPU SCH 1 Select Annotate Annotate Schematic Schematic on the Execute Schematic Design Tools Local Configuration screen The menu at right Assign Hot Key displays Show Version Configure Schematic Tools 2 Select Local Configur Help ation and then Configure ANNOTATE The Configure Annotate Schematic screen displays 3 Check to make sure that the Source entry box contains the filename CMOSCPU SCH If not enter CMOSCPU SCH in the Source entry box 4 Check to make sure that Source file is the root of the design is selected 5 Select OK to save the configuration 6 Select Annotate Schematic and then select Execute As it processes Annotate Schematic scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen When Annotate Schematic is done the reference designators for each part in the worksheet have new unique values You may want to use Draft to view the new reference designator values on the CMOS CPU worksheet 160
169. s used to create a basic schematic In this chapter you learn how to 0 ye Get and place library parts t Draw wires h Place junctions KO Place labels and text Running Draft Figure 3 1 shows the schematic diagram of the clock oscillator circuit you create in this chapter Refer to this figure for placement and orientation information while capturing the clock oscillator schematic Clock Oscillator Figure 3 1 Clock oscillator circuit schematic 51 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 52 About symbols About libraries The first step in building a schematic diagram with Draft is to place symbols for the parts on the worksheet The symbols can represent basic logic functions such as AND gates individual parts such as capacitors or blocks of circuitry to be designed later The symbols can represent parts that use different technologies such as TTL or CMOS Symbols representing parts are stored in libraries For Draft to get a symbol and place it on a schematic the library containing it must be configured on the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen As shown in the illus tration at right library filenames typically end with the extension LIB To build the clock oscillator you need the following symbols Parts libraries Three inverters One resistor One capacitor The examples in this tutorial use TTL technology for the inverters Where
170. s when entering a filename or extension but the operating system converts all the letters to uppercase Filenames and extensions usually contain only letters and numbers However you can use additional characters supported by the operating system For compatibility with OrCAD s environment use only letters A Z and a z numbers 0 9 underscores _ number signs and at signs Most OrCAD software works with any characters your operating system supports Some applications used in conjunction with OrCAD software including SPICE programs some PCB layout programs and some text editors support a more limited character set You should keep any such limitations in mind as you design and avoid using characters that are allowed by one piece of software but not another 25 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide ee Designs In the OrCAD design environment all files pertaining to a design are kept in one directory on your disk Putting different designs in different directories lets you organize your files much as you would organize a file cabinet By following the steps in this tutorial you will work on a design named TUTOR All of the files for this design are contained in the directory named TUTOR Files in the directory have the filename TUTOR and an extension that indicates the type of file For example the TUTOR schematic worksheet that you create in chapters 2 through 6 is named TUT
171. scsssssssssnceserecscsscoocsessnsceneeseeeecescesseessenssnssnensauenensoaseaasaaes 37 MEMUS ssssssccsccnncssssecccesenerssssensnecarssseceesseaseeseessaaensseseseeaesseeseeseessecueneenees 37 Command lines soepi nni siese enea aei Eee EnS Ar EENES E eaa iTe 38 Returning to the main Menu ssesssssesssessssssessseseseeeeeeseereereereveresressereereereeene 38 How commands are shown in this guide sessssessssssesessersseesereeseseeeerereenes 38 Setting up Draft s work conditions ssessessrereesssseeersrssreererresereeeeeeeesererensesereee 39 Display work conditions settings seseeseesesesrerrsreeeeresseeneererernreeesresseeeesse 39 Pan across the schematic sccscssssessseccsssssnsscccscsssesenseescsessoanssecscossanaes 39 Redisplay the SET menu sssccssscssssscsscccssssnenceseessssseacsscscesneneneseroosass 40 Display X Y Coordimates scssccssssrseseeeseecesssessenesesecssseseesesssonsessseoeaneoes 40 Select worksheet SiZ scccccsscscssessscserecsesessnsccecscssnsneseessnsensasnaaeosezonse 41 Changing your view of the worksheet cssccssseeecessseeserssceeesessneesnsseeeesnsaears 42 ZOOM in AN OUt ccccescceseeeceececsceceeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeananeneenseeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeneaaaneneeeeee 42 Set grid PAaTAaMete s c ccssccccssccssreessnessseeceesseesceneeessssesssssecesenseesresecsenees 43 Display grid references cccccssseeeeeeecececeennneneessteeeeseseeseco
172. se steps to run Complex to Simple 1 On the Schematic Design Tools screen click the title bar or any place that is not a button and then select Design Management Tools The Design View portion of the Design Management Tools screen displays 2 Select Complex to Simple The Complex to Simple screen displays 3 Check to make sure that the Source sheet entry box contains the name 4BIT 4 Enter S4BIT in the Destination design entry box 5 Select OK Design Management Tools builds the new design directory and converts the 4BIT design to S4BIT As it processes Design Management Tools displays Working and several messages at the top left corner of the screen Then Design Management Tools scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen Select Cancel when the process is complete 7 Notice that S4BIT is now the current design Select OK The main screen displays 171 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 172 Viewing the S4BIT design Running Annotate Schematic on the S4BIT design Select Draft and then Execute Notice that the four occurrences of the filename FULLADD SCH are changed to FULLADD SCH FULLADDA SCH FULLADDB SCH and FULLADDC SCH Also notice that the eight occurrences of the filename HALFADD SCH are changed to HALFADD SCH and HALFADDA SCH through HALFADDG SCH As with any new design you should run Annotate Schematic b
173. seeeueeeneenes 43 Stay on grid esessessesereseeetosecacssessesereoosseeerereersaeresstseeereeteoereerorceeeiearee 44 Make the grid visible cssscssssesscesssssssssscesersssscsssesssseoreeneneeseeees 44 Updating the worksheet ssssscccsssssnreeesssssnerseeessssecacesessesesenaeeessvssasencesose 45 Update the fille scssrscssssserssessrsserscssseoesscsssonsncssnsesenenececnnsesscaasonnsens w45 Creating a MACTO cssersescscsessessnsccsessosseacebeseesssssssananaoasssoseseanensenssacessoneeaesene 45 Capture a MACTO 00sccsscsrsssnsssssverrecevesovsnsicedesdasosssenseveatersensscsereresnoseneuse 45 Save the MACTO esesseseeersrersseseressraenaercrereresecrecesseescsssesscseeceseseeesresrereessererere 47 Exiting Draft ccccccccsccssssssssnesressneeceseesessssesssssnannnaseecaeseeeesessesrcesseeenneeeenees 47 Setting up automatically ccscccscsseerecssccssecseeesssscssssessessessosseeaseesseeesens 48 SUMMA Y asasssesriesrersesrerersesentseaceseseaetesdsaeassrsestesoscndsesaesdsetdetrereereeerseressenenseseseee 49 vii Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator SChemMatic csesecseresesssesessensesesoees 51 Running Draft s ccccsssccsssssessssrscssseecesnsesensseseesssecessseesessesensessossaeevenenessseess 51 About symbols ssesesseerssessosoressersseeeaseoceseesesesesseesesoseseseeseessoosesesnaseosvarererne 52 ADOUE T
174. sign Tools Aakers a riaan R Finding the information you need esseserersesssereereseesserenesseseserereeresenre ETET Installation seeeesesssssssessssssesseresesessssses E T E E E passsarats Project oriented design environment EA Saroia Learning Schematic Design Tools E EE E EE ARIE ARRS sess Beyond the basics 0 eeesssesossesosooocosesoseceooo OEETTTTI EILOTS yiee5seaiiees irens omeen aiie aea a E E T siansa taaa PLOCESSOFS vi nn rae errea naie aaea a eaa a EE EEKE Librarians ueWaecevdubadsedsacedesesevees side does re Ea lasvesessye EETA stirenas REPOTteLS eeesesssssessesesereeseeseeeseseneeseres EEEE ERS sews vaees Transfers cc deseus ds ccevescsevervacsecesese PE AAEE ere EEEE Graphic ODjECtS swiinewasssanerswadsouaassentecewaresocusessessnatsascuahanqsasussciducees uvevaisvensseddasenaes PALS E E cote E A E E WALES E A N T le eS ARR E EA E TEASA A I A JUN CHONS ohio seedeesissd renees sassk senasis Power objects ch scsnscedesscateetessonns vevsetnanseddudocisasiensateceonasipendeesZaasesine dias Module ports inssccscvelcwsiintariescisaaesenca stapcnaien cadena onsen thanncateatenianvasbvangcetenssades Sheet SyMbols cscesecececseeeeeeees Baieris E TERT T Labels T E E T eessssosesososococvooososooonoooooseceo Terea ees E RETT EE IEEE TA N Title block 660 A E EE Stimulus objects wiiesscssssescdesiesaveesea
175. sign Tools you configured Draft to load the TUTOR LIB parts library By adding the TIL309 part to this library you made the new part available in Draft for use while capturing schematics w CHAPTER 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic This final schematic diagram for the digital clock circuit contains the logic and display circuit This circuitry is more complex than the smaller schematics that you captured in the earlier chapters The tasks you complete in this chapter progress naturally from the processes that were introduced in earlier chapters In this chapter you learn how to Draw a repeatable portion of the schematic Make and place multiple copies of a schematic block Use repeat parameters to place wires and labels Figure 6 1 shows the portion of the schematic you capture in this chapter Logic end Display Circult Figure 6 1 The logic and display circuitry 95 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Choosing parts About TIL309 LED display chips About 22V10 PALs Running Draft again 96 To build the rest of the digital clock schematic you need the following parts 22V10s TIL309 LED displays Resistors Capacitors Two switch types SPST and pushbutton Power Vcc and ground GND symbols TIL309 display chips were selected in order to keep the chip count for the design d
176. sion Desicn Simele Restore Update Suspend Design ESP Data to System Figure 2 2 Design Management Tools screen Design View 3 Place the pointer on the design named TUTOR and click the left mouse button This selects the TUTOR design 4 Select OK to return to the main screen Notice that the heading in the upper center of the screen has changed to TUTOR Design A NOTE See the ESP Design Environment User s Guide for instructions on how to use Design Management Tools 27 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Change the start up The design environment is configured to start in the design TEMPLATE design each time you run the design environment Since you will be working in the TUTOR design throughout this guide you need to change the start up design to TUTOR Follow these steps 1 Select Design Manage Design Management Tools ment Tools The menu at Execute right displays Local Configuration Assign Hot Key Configure ESP Help 2 Select Configure ESP The screen in figure 2 3 displays Configure ESP Driver Options Driver Pret ix ERS Available Diselas Drivers Resolution Colors Adapter Name Configured Display Driver EGA2 DRV Editor Options e Figure 2 3 Top portion of the Configure ESP screen 3 Move the pointer to the bottom of the screen The display pans to show more of the Configure ESP screen Continue panning until you reach the Design Options area Design Options Start
177. ssasnvadacanernedenesaas OTE EEN E AES Vector objects isesisiasasensieceissssdrorsaaves E E Trace ODJECtS r0esserenserssessorerscesssasenenes E EA Layout objects piaia aa Working with schematic diagrams Design structures seesessererseereeescereeereessersereseereeeeroreerereo PAO AE E Flat designs cis ccasscaviccdiptncetesentactisaveececnsteuetspennies PPA EAA Module ports c sceseseeeeeeeeees Jeigrsdaxstecerececdeseretse ais dbgdesssats one cbentanees ILINK command P EE TA E ENA head EET ETERA S O ooNGgGAUGOUOUOUONNN m m m i a a a o a i andl andi a ae o a a on on ed mn CAUA FP WONNNNNNN RP KR KR kK OO CO Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools continued Hierarchical esigns ccccssscccsessreccesesneseesssscccesssnsesesssaeeessneesssssseeesenees 17 How signals enter and leave sheet symbols s essccssccscecceesentsntenees 17 Simple and complex hierarchies ccccccessesseeeressesseesseeeesseessseees 19 How sheet symbols refer to schematic lOgic cccccccccsceeeesesssseseseeeees 19 Moving between levels in a hierarchy ccccsessseeeeesseeseereeseesseseens 19 More about hierarchical design structures s ssssessseseeeeeeeesessseestanes 20 Learning Schematic Design Tools ssssscssssestscssssssccsrecssssesesscessacneesessoseees 21 Chapter 2 Introducing Draf
178. ssessrecccccessescececencssesseccenseeecsceccenseseaneascosenesenseassesoanaeeons 25 Pilemames ee e louise LEE TE E ET a a Ea aE E E 25 Designs seeseeereeerersrssrenersererereeereerreressssereeereerenresessesserererereraseeeereeeesessess 26 Running the design environment seseeserrerserrersrreerereeererseresrrerernerserereonsrsresese 26 Changing to the TUTOR design esessseereereseereesrereerererterererereerereeeerenreresenrerenee 27 Run Design Management Tools sssesssseserersrseeeerersseeersrereerreenerersrereessseerer 27 Change the start up design sesersssesererersrseeereeererserenenseereeneresererereereeees 28 Contents Chapter 2 Introducing Draft continued Creating a custom library ccsccccsssscessssscsesseccsscneeessneescessnoeseenseaesnsseaceossaees 29 Running Schematic Design Tools csssssecsesssseeeeeeesessseeceesesssessenseecessnssaeeeseees 31 Defining title block information cccssceessseceesseeeesseneeeeeraceesesseeesonsaeesersaes 32 View the configuration for Schematic Design Tools cessesseeseeeeeees 32 Running Draft scsecscscscccccceeeesensssssnsnsneseeeceeeeseeeseessesenacauaaaaacaasaaseeeeeeeeeesens 35 Learning OrCAD basics ccsesssssensneeececeeeeeresessssssannaaannaaeaeaesasoesoesessesesooeeens 36 Main MENU ccccsesceeeeseccceseseceeesecsaeeseecnaeeseceaneseeaeeneeseesesseeeeeseneseeenereeu eens 36 Commands csss
179. t Get displays 2 Press lt Enter gt A list of the part libraries specified in the Schematic Design Tools configuration displays 3 Select TUTOR LIB A list of the parts in TUTOR LIB displays 4 Select 22V10 The part and a command line display The part s orientation is not correct for this schematic so you will have to rotate the part 5 Select Rotate to change the part orientation to match the part orientation shown in figure 6 2 6 Position the part at coordinates 10 50 6 00 and select Place 7 Get a TIL309 and place copies at 9 60 2 50 and 11 50 2 50 Draw the first wire Run the macro to draw the other wires Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic 8 Get a resistor R and place it at 13 70 6 30 9 Get a capacitor CAP and place it at 9 90 6 30 10 Finally get a switch 4SW SPST and place it at 13 00 6 80 At this point you have placed all parts and only need to place wires nets and the power and ground symbols You will enter part values after all items are placed 1 Select ZOOM In You need a close up view of the schematic to perform the next steps 2 Referring to figure 6 2 move the pointer to the bottom of the resistor symbol and select Place Wire Begin to start drawing a wire 3 Draw the wire so that it is three grid spaces below the lower pins of the 22V10 part at 13 80 7 60 4 Select Begin 5 Draw the wire to 11 50 7 60
180. t mouse button to return to the menu or command line that called the current menu Follow these steps to familiarize yourself with these processes 1 Press lt Enter gt to display the Block main menu Move Drag 2 Select the BLOCK command Fixup The menu at right displays Get 3 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Save BLOCK menu Import Export ASCII Import Text Export Copy 37 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 38 Command lines Returning to the main menu How commands are shown in this guide Command lines are a series of commands listed across the top of the screen When a command line displays you can move the pointer around the working area or select a command by pressing the first capitalized letter in its name Press lt Esc gt or the right mouse button to return tothe menu orcommand line that called the command line Follow these steps to familiarize yourself with these processes 1 Press lt Enter gt to display the main menu 2 Select the EDIT command The EDIT command line appears at the top of the screen Edit Find Jump Zoom 3 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the EDIT command line To return to the main menu no matter where you are in Draft press lt Esc gt as many times as necessary until no menu or command line displays in the upper left corner of the screen and press lt Enter gt As described earlier in this chapter commands are shown in bold type Main menu commands are
181. t of the files to include when you transfer a design to another user or to OrCAD Technical Support 10 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Backup Desion Destination disk twre A s 174 O3 172 Os 174 O32 172 Quard Disk betiana eerie ee Desian to back ue _ sd Total size of design fk Number of formatted disks required 1 Beckins oe Figure 7 1 Backup Design screen Select the TUTOR design in the Design list box Select one of the Destination disk type radio buttons Move the pointer to the Destination prefix entry box and press lt Enter gt Enter the path to use for the backup To back up the design on a floppy disk enter the destination prefix A The message shown below displays Insert a FORMATTED diskette in selected drive Insert a properly formatted disk in drive A and select Continue Select Cancel if you want to cancel the backup for the time being Select OK The design environment makes a back up copy of the selected design onto the disk or into the directory specified Once the design is backed up the message Backup successfully completed displays along with an OK button Select OK and then Cancel The Design Management Tools screen displays 123 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 124 Copy File Follow these steps to copy the TUTOR2 SCH and TUTORSDT LIB files to TUTOR SCH and TUTOR LIB respectively 1 The Design Management
182. t to asic ss scissstesinsvines teas svanents snaveasveaveeseeseswins 21 Chapter 3 Capturing the clock oscillator schematic ccsseseeeesseeeees 21 Chapter 4 Capturing the power regulator ScheMAtic sssseeeseeseeereees 21 Chapter 5 Creating a custom palt cccccerseseesceetsentesrsesreseressscsseesnsenees 22 Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic 0068 22 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools scsssssseeeneeserenereeees 22 Chapter 8 Structuring your design cccccccccceeccceceessssesnennneeeeeeeesseeeeenaees 22 Chapter 9 Tips and techniques iscccssicinasicsssnernensasssunvernarinsnionaetetsesyenteresests 22 Chapter 2 Introducing Draft cise viecedecceanecviaeinsndiah span tane eel An etacaeeaten ceaaedens 23 Before YOu begi iessrvetectsqvancecuadiesunspalanaesbededeyees sbenaal venadeeneandsguncactstunaceavecs iaonank 23 KeYSis scccassscoosecsssssssensenscosesonncnsensesversaaseesenneaenssnssasaceavevensacsescnsnacersossenoeseses 23 Mouse DaASICS ccssessccesesscesssseeeessecesseeeeeseeeessssecesenesesesnecesnseeeesaseessaeeesnes 24 Keyboard input cpscccccssssersesessrsssccsssssessssssssnsnsesecossnnnceesssonsessonssonsccssonee 24 Operating system Prompt seeseersereeerererererereeeeersrereerssrseerenreeeeneerossevsneeene 25 CAllOUtS swesssesshetsi ccc iedesce cusses eevdatdscusapns sacatedeacnnonenasecdteaaa Sa eiie En Ea 25 Commands s ssss
183. te a netlist later in this chapter NOTE See Chapter 1 Configure Schematic Tools and Chapter 14 Update Field Contents in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for more information about key fields and Update Field Contents and for a description of the update file format Configure Update Field Contents 1 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Select Update Field Contents on the Schematic Design Tools screen and then select Local Configuration and Configure FLDSTUFF The Configure Update Field Contents screen displays figure 7 4 Configure Update Field Contents a File Options corce TORSO OO soarce file is the root of the desion OSource file is a single sheet Pref ix Wi ldcard Cz SORCAD TUTORN STF Files Update 410 7 Processing Options Field to be updated OPart Value Opert Field 3 Opart Field 6 pert Field 1 Opart Field 4 Opart Field 7 Opert Field 2 Oparct Field 6 Opart Field 8 O uiet mode O create an update report Bestinetion Dunconditionaliy urdate field Normally stuffed onlw if emetu ieme visibility of specified field unaltered Oset the specified field to visible OSet the specified field to invisible Moo not Convert update string to Uppercase Woo not Convert kew field match string to uppercase Dtoncre warnings Figure 7 4 The Configure Update Field Contents screen Make sure the Source entry box contains the name of the worksheet
184. the minutes circuit figure 6 5 Figure 6 5 Minutes area of the clock logic The callouts refer to the step numbers in this section 1 Connect the bottom three horizontal wires to the hours logic 2 Connect the wire from the 22V10 s pin 23 to the hours logic 3 Connect the horizontal wire that runs just below the minutes display to the hours logic The minutes circuit is now complete and connected to the hours circuit Next you complete the hours circuit 106 Chapter 6 Capturing the logic and display circuit schematic Wire the hours circuit Before working on the hours circuit move the pointer to the leftmost 22V10 and select ZOOM Center Then follow the steps below to complete the wiring for the hours circuit figure 6 6 Figure 6 6 Hours area of the clock logic The callouts refer to the step numbers in this section 1 The bottom horizontal wire should end at the wire that extends from pin 2 of the 22V10 Delete the junction at the end of the pin 2 wire 107 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 108 View clock logic 2 The vertical wire from pin 9 of the 22V10 should change so that it doesn t connect to the bottom horizontal wire Delete this wire and its junction Draw the wire again so it comes down from pin 9 turns left and extends as far to the left as the other wires 3 Delete the wire that comes from pin 23 of the 22V10 Be sure to delete all segments of this wire 4
185. tic Design Tools 386 Worksheet Size A Reference Guide X Y Display NO Grid Parameters Repeat Parameters Visible Lettering Cursor Style The next few sections describe a few of Draft s work conditions and the commands controlling them Pan across the schematic Auto Pan is the first command in the SET menu When you start work on a new worksheet Auto Pan is set to Yes When Auto Pan is set to Yes the worksheet follows the movement of the pointer If part of a worksheet is off the screen and you move the pointer beyond the edge of the display the hidden part of the worksheet pans into view If you set Auto Pan to No the screen does not pan In this case you must use the JUMP and ZOOM commands to see different parts of the worksheet Follow these steps to pan across the schematic 1 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the SET menu Auto Pan remains set to Yes 39 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide a 40 Redisplay the SET menu Display X Y coordinates 2 Move the pointer to the lower right corner until the title block displays The screen pans to keep up with the pointer Notice that the title block information you entered earlier in this chapter displays 3 Move the pointer toward the upper left corner until the upper left corner of the worksheet displays 1 Press lt Enter gt to recall the main menu When the menu displays you ll see the highlight bar is on the AGAIN command 2 Press lt Enter
186. tic is now complete Save your work and exit by selecting QUIT then Update file then Abandon Edits The Schematic Design Tools screen displays In the past five chapters you learned several ways to quickly create circuits using Draft In the next chapter you learn to use some of the other tools 119 Using other CHAPTER 7 Schematic Design Tools In this chapter you learn how to use some of the other Schematic Design Tools These tools are normally used after the schematic is complete The tools covered in this chapter are Annotate Schematic Update Field Contents Check Electrical Rules Create Netlist Back Annotate Create Bill of Materials Plot Schematic Automatically updates part reference designators and the associated pin numbers in multiple element parts Loads information into the Part Value field and the 1st Part Field through 8th Part Field Checks for conformity to basic electrical rules Creates a netlist and general wire list in one of over thirty standard formats Updates part reference designators by using a list of old and new reference designators Creates a summary list sorted by reference designator of all the parts used Sends a plot of a single schematic or all schematics in a design toa plotter or a printer supports scaling 121 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Housekeeping 122 Backup Design Before proceeding with the tutor
187. u displays 2 Select Worksheet Size A Set Worksheet Size menu lists the five options Arca ineide borders available for the size of a worksheet as shown at right Select C size Move the pointer to the edges and corners of the worksheet to explore the size of the editable region of a C size sheet The dimensions shown in the Worksheet Size menu are the worksheet s borders On a C size sheet 22 inches by 17 inches the actual drawing area is 20 inches by 15 inches NOTE If Schematic Design Tools is configured to use metric dimensions the Set Worksheet size menu displays the International Standards Organization ISO paper sizes A4 through AO In addition the X Y display is given in millimeters For information about configuring Schematic Design Tools to use metric dimensions see Chapter 1 Configure Schematic Tools in the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide 41 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Changing your view of the worksheet 42 ZOOM in and out Draft can display worksheets at five different scales You change the view using the ZOOM command The worksheet can be zoomed in or out to magnify or reduce its visible image When Draft is zoomed out you can see a large portion of the worksheet Zooming in enlarges a small portion of the worksheet and displays more details You can zoom in to draw intricate portions of your worksheet with exacting detail and then zoom out to look at the wh
188. u displays The DPIN pin conducts a reset signal to the internal logic of the part It should be defined as an input type pin 5 Select Input The Pin Shape menu displays 6 Select Line Edit Library places the pin and displays the pin number you entered Add the remaining pins 1 Put the pointer at a location where you want to place a pin For this example put it at coordinates 3 00 12 00 2 Select Add The prompt Pin Name displays 3 Enter the name QAIN The Edit Library tool assigns the name The prompt Pin Number displays 4 Enter 15 The Pin Type menu displays The QAIN pin conducts a signal to an LED segment It should be defined as a passive type pin 5 Select Passive The Pin Shape menu displays Select Line 92 Chapter 5 Creating a custom part 7 Repeat these steps for the pins connected to the other LED segments Table 5 2 lists the coordinates names numbers types and shapes to use for all the pins on this part You already defined the first three pins so start with the fourth pin Cromo oan 6 rese tine Cenon nour a rese tine prouT Table 5 2 Pins for the TIL309 library part All coordinates are positive values gs 8 Press lt Esc gt When you are finished you should have 11 pins on the LED The next step is to add the part to the library 93 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Saving a new part Save th
189. ucturing your design A simple The layered arrangement created by placing worksheets hierarchical design inside other worksheets is called a hierarchical design This section describes the structure of a simple three worksheet hierarchical design Sheet symbols represent other worksheets in a hierarchical design Each sheet symbol represents a subsheet Sheet symbols may be placed at any level of the hierarchy The following example is a simple hierarchy because the two sheet symbols refer to different worksheets In complex hierarchies any number of sheet symbols can refer to the same worksheet x1 x2 cli AS 12 miz c2 30 EEI 30 PF RESHEF GND a bV Q R2 2 7K C3 FA 10 uF s1 SPST v GND GND POWER SUPPLY ADIO 7 BACKUI POWER SCH MEMORY SCH OrCAD 5V VDD 9 9 Title cr CMOS CPU DESIGN GND VSS Size Document Number REV A 123456 89 xxx VYY m Datei October 9 1991 SheeL 1_ of 3 Figure 8 3 The root worksheet of the CMOS CPU design 153 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 154 Libraries The root worksheet CMOSCPU SCH The CMOS CPU design uses the following libraries v s ANALOG2 LIB DEVICE LIB INTEL LIB MEMORY LIB TTL LIB All of these libraries must be configured Check the Configured Libraries list box in the Library Options area of the Configure Schematic Design Tools screen to determine their status F
190. ule Value Combine oo Create Bill of Materials Pert Value combine J Include File Combine Extract PLO Figure 7 8 Key Fields area of the Configure Schematic Design PLD Twee Combine PLD Part Combine 7 Tools screen 3 4 Enter 8 in the Module Value Combine entry box to tell Create Netlist to use the contents of the 8th Part Field as the module name You loaded the module names into the 8th Part Field when you ran Update Field Contents earlier in this chapter Select OK The Schematic Design Tools screen displays NOTE For any part that does not have a value in the field you specify Create Netlist will substitute the contents of the Part Value field In the section Running Update Field Contents for example you did not specify an 8th Part Field for the TIL309 parts because the module name is the same as the Part Value for these parts 137 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Create a netlist in 1 Select Create Netlist and then Local Configuration to WIRELIST format configure Create Netlist The menu shown at right Select Configuration displays This menu has three Configure INET processes to configure INET Configure ILINK ILINK and IFORM INET is Configure IFORM the compiler ILINK is the INET OF connectivity linker and ILINK on IFORM is the netlist formatter Each of these processes must be turned on to create a netlist For more information on each of these processes see t
191. unlabeled wires connected to a bus and invalid connections NOTE Always use Check Electrical Rules on your designs before going on to Digital Simulation Tools or PC Board Layout Tools If any errors are reported correct them before trying to simulate the design or the simulation results will be inaccurate Follow these steps to configure and run Check Electrical Rules 1 Select Check Electrical Rules Local Configuration and then Configure ERC The Configure Check Electrical Rules screen displays Notice that the Source entry box contains the filename TUTOR SCH Notice that the Destination entry box contains the filename TUTOR ERC Check Electrical Rules stores the report it creates in a text file with the worksheet name and the ERC extension You can also specify a path to another directory and another file but for the purposes of this exercise you should place the report in TUTOR ERC 2 Inthe File Options area select Source is a single sheet 3 Select OK 4 Select Check Electrical Rules and then Execute As it processes Check Electrical Rules scrolls status messages three lines at a time in the monitor box at the bottom of the Schematic Design Tools screen 5 After Check Electrical Rules is finished running a message box displays You may select View Output to display the report or select OK to dismiss the message box Select OK 6 Examine the file TUTOR ERC with Edit File The contents of the file should
192. up Design TEMPLATE 4 Place the pointer in the Startup Design entry box and click the left mouse button The pointer becomes a cursor in the entry box Delete TEMPLATE and enter TUTOR as the start up design Design Options Startup Design 28 Creating a custom library Chapter 2 Introducing Draft 5 Move the pointer to the top of the screen and select OK An easy way to move to the OK button is to press the lt Home gt key The changes you made to the Configure ESP screen are saved and the main screen displays NOTE See the ESP Design Environment User s Guide for detailed instructions on how to configure the design environment During this tutorial you add a new part to a library file It is recommended that you make no changes to libraries provided by OrCAD but create a custom library whenever you need to make edits This practice protects your custom library parts Follow these steps 1 Select Design Management Tools and Execute 2 Make sure that shows in the Files wildcard entry box 3 Select File View at the top of the screen The screen shown in figure 2 4 displays Current Design TUTOR Ocvesion View rile View Description ESP_OUT TXT 4BIT SCH CMOSCPU SCH File Size Fite Date Description J Delete Update Suspend Sin owen Figure 2 4 File View screen 29 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 4 Select Copy File The screen s
193. utton is the same as pressing the lt Enter gt key In this user s guide when you are instructed to press lt Enter gt you can use either the keyboard or the mouse Clicking the right mouse button is the same as pressing the lt Esc gt key In this user s guide when you are instructed to press lt Esc gt you can use either the keyboard or the mouse Characters that you enter are shown in bold monospace font such as enter tutor sch This text can also be enclosed in a box tutor sch load file tutor sch In the last example you enter only the characters shown in bold The nonbold characters show what the computer displays Operating system prompt Callouts Commands Filenames Chapter 2 Introducing Draft In this user s guide the operating system prompt is shown as In the later chapters of this guide callouts such as and appear on schematic diagrams These callouts refer to the corresponding step numbers in the instructions In this guide commands are shown in bold type Main menu commands are shown in uppercase letters Other commands are shown as they appear on the menu When you are asked to select a command usually both the main menu command and other command are specified Filenames can be from one to eight characters long A filename may also have a period and an extension consisting of up to three characters You can use either uppercase or lowercase letter
194. ve it The PLACE Power command line displays Place Orientation Value Type Find Jump Zoom In this example the power symbol is connected at the top of the wire However there may also be cases in which you need to turn the power symbol around Select Orientation to change the power symbol s orientation The Orientation of Power menu shown below displays The image of the power symbol disappears until you make a selection from this menu Practice changing the Orientation of Power orientation of the power symbol When you finish select Top orientation See the Schematic Design Tools 386 Reference Guide for detailed information about the display options available for the power symbol Now move the image of the power symbol until it rests on the end of the wire as shown in figure 4 1 and select Place Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the PLACE Power command line 73 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Dragging wires 74 You may often want to move parts without having to replace the wires connected to the parts Use BLOCK Drag to do this Follow these steps to familiarize yourself with this process T Select BLOCK Drag Draft displays Begin Find Jump Zoom Move the pointer above and to the left of the power regulator circuit and select Begin Move the pointer so the rectangle encloses all of the power regulator circuit except the ground symbol and the bottom wire of the circuit Select End
195. wirelist format netlist file shown in figure 7 10 140 Chapter 7 Using other Schematic Design Tools Wire List Digital clock schematic Revised September 2 1994 Revision OrCAD Inc 9300 SW Nimbus Beaverton OR 97008 503 671 9500 lt lt lt Component List gt gt gt O1UF c5 CK06 O1UF c6 CK06 O1UF c7 CK06 O1UF C8 CK06 100K R8 RC06 100UF c4 CK15 10K R2 RC06 10K R3 RC06 10K R4 RC06 10K R5 RCO6 10K R6 RCO6 10K R7 RCO6 22UF C3 CK15 22V10 U2 24DIP300 22V10 U3 24DIP300 22V10 U4 24DIP300 470UF C2 CK15 47UF cl CK06 74LS04 U1 14DIP300 9 1K R1 RC06 9V BT1 9VBAT LM7805 Q1 T0220 MODE S1 8DIP300 RESET S2 TJACK200 TIL309 D1 TIL309 TIL309 D2 TIL309 TIL309 D3 TIL309 TIL309 D4 TIL309 TIL309 D5 TIL309 TIL309 D6 TIL309 lt lt lt Wire List gt gt gt NODE REFERENCE PIN PIN NAME PIN TYPE PART VALUE 00001 N00001 R2 2 2 Passive 10K Ul 9 I_D Input 74LS04 Ul 11 I_E Input 74LS04 ul 13 I_F Input 74LS04 00002 CLK_1 local to sheet 1 U1 4 O_B Output 74LS04 Ul 5 Tac Input 74LS04 D6 5 STROBE Input TIL309 D5 5 STROBE Input TIL309 U4 1 I1 CLK Input 22V10 D4 5 STROBE Input TIL309 D3 5 STROBE Input TIL309 D2 5 STROBE Input TIL309 Figure 7 10 The wirelist format netlist continued on next page 141 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide 00040 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 3 2 12 12 12 2 2 2 1 STROBE
196. with the leftmost point of the label name touching the bus or wire 4 Select Place The Label prompt redisplays 5 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Label prompt Schematic Design Tools 386 treats all wires on this sheet labeled CLK as connected just as if you had drawn the wire from the clock oscillator circuit directly to the other area of the schematic that uses it You will refer to this wire label in a later chapter of this guide Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Placing comment text Updating the file Summary 64 You may often want to leave notes or descriptive text on a schematic diagram Such text helps you and others understand the functions being performed or documents some aspect of circuit operation Follow these steps to add a title 1 Select PLACE from the main menu and then select Text 2 The prompt Text displays Enter Clock Oscillator Circuit 3 To use the next larger type size for the text select Larger The image of the text becomes larger 4 Move the text image so it is centered immediately below the circuit diagram and select Place The Text prompt redisplays 5 Press lt Esc gt to dismiss the Text prompt NOTE You may wish to use the ZOOM Center command to center the circuit before placing this text This circuit is now complete To save your work and exit Draft follow the same steps you took earlier Select QUIT then Update
197. ys and then select Configure LIBEDIT Edit Library s configuration screen displays 3 Select TUTOR LIB in the Files list box The path and filename TUTOR LIB displays in the Source entry box Source TUTOR LIB 4 Select OK to save the configuration From the Schematic Design Tools screen select Edit Library and Execute The Edit Library screen displays Initially it is blank except for pointer coordinates displayed at the upper right of the screen Chapter 5 Creating a custom part As with Draft you set up certain work conditions in Edit Library You adjust two features one governs visibility of the outline of the part body The other governs visibility of the grid dots in the work area Setting up the work conditions Make part body border 1 and grid dots visible Press lt Enter gt to display Edit Library s main menu 2 Select SET from the main menu The menu shown below displays Select Show Body Outline Show Body Outline displays Select Yes Select SET Visible Grid Dots Yes Grid dots dis play in the work area Set Auto Pan Backup File Error Bell Left Button Macro Prompts Power Pins Visible Show Body Outline Visible Grid Dots Repeat Parameters Cursor Style 83 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Beginning a new part 84 Open a part editing pad To modify or create a part you use the GET PART command When you create a new part choosing
198. ys the main screen Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Graphic objects Schematics are made up of a variety of graphic objects You can include any of the following graphic objects in your schematic designs Parts Wires Buses Junctions Power objects Module ports Sheet symbols Labels Text Title block Stimulus objects Vector objects Trace objects Layout objects Parts Parts are graphic objects you place on the schematic worksheet to represent the electronic parts in your design Wires are graphic objects you place on the worksheet to represent connections between objects such as pins of parts and power objects 10 Buses unspecified sUbsheet sch Chapter 1 Welcome to OrCAD Schematic Design Tools Buses are graphic objects that represent arrays of signals as single units on your worksheet Junctions are graphic objects that represent physical connections between wires buses and nodes Junctions look like small squares Power objects are graphic objects that represent connections to a power source Module ports are graphic objects that indicate where signals are conducted between worksheets Sheet symbols are block shaped symbols representing other worksheets Each sheet symbol represents a subsheet Sheet symbols are only used in hierarchical designs 11 Schematic Design Tools 386 User s Guide Labels Text This is text Title

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