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User Manual 245U-E Wireless Ethernet & Device Server

1. Appendix B 245U E Wireless Ethernet so 1t can be safely shared among members of a network WEP uses an encryption key that automatically encrypts outgoing wireless data On the receiving side the same encryption key enables the computer to automatically decrypt the information so it can be read Encryption keys should be kept secret Firewall A device or computer program that keeps unauthorized users out of a private network Everything entering or leaving a system s internal network passes through the firewall and must meet the system s security standards in order to be transmitted Often used to keep unauthorized people from using systems connected to the Internet A multiport device used to connect PCs to a network via Ethernet cabling or via 802 11 Wired hubs can have numerous ports and can transmit data at speeds ranging from 10 Mbps to multi Gigabyte speeds per second A hub transmits packets it receives to all the connected ports A small wired hub may only connect 4 computers a large hub can connect 48 or more Hertz The international unit for measuring frequency equivalent to the older unit of cycles per second One megahertz MHz is one million hertz One gigahertz GHz is one billion hertz The standard US electrical power frequency is 60 Hz the AM broadcast radio frequency band is 535 1605 kHz the FM broadcast radio frequency band is 88 108 MHz and wireless 802 11b g LANs operate at 2 4 GHz Institute of Electrical and El
2. User Manual 245U E Wireless Ethernet amp Device Server ELPRO 9 12 Billabong Street Stafford Q 4053 Australia Tel 61 7 33528600 Fax 61 733528677 Email sales elprotech com Web www elprotech com ELPRO 24 hour Support Help line America 866 7134409 Rest of the world 617 3352 8624 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Thank you for your selection of the 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem We trust 1t will give you many years of valuable service ATTENTION Incorrect termination of supply wires may cause internal damage and will void warranty To ensure your 245U E enjoys a long life Double check ALL your connections with the user s manual before turning the power on CAUTION To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1 1310 of the FCC Rules antennas used with this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy RF exposure compliance DO NOT e operate the transmitter when someone is within 20 cm of the antenna e operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any open connectors are properly terminated e operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere All equipment must be properly grounded for safe operations All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician Page 2 Dec 2009 Chapter One 245U E Wireless Ethernet FCC Notice This device complies with Part 1
3. Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 12 2467 No Yes Yes Yes Yes 802 11b g Turbo 6 2437 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 802 11a Channel Freq Europe max TX Europe max TX Australia NZ max USA max MHz Power Master Power Slave max TX Power TX Power TX Power 23 dBm 23 dBm 73 dBm 73 dBm 73 dBm 73 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm eo 5300 2008 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm Page 74 Dec 2009 Appendix C 245U E Wireless Ethernet 108 9940 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm 5660 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 5680 26 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 26 dBm 20 dBm va 26 dBm na me 2608m 2608m a m 2am s n 5805 a dem 26d8m 26 08m 5825 ma 268m 2608m 25m 802 11a Turbo Channel Freq Europe max Europe max el MHz Master Slave 5210 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 5755 n a na 26dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 160 5795 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 75 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Appendix D 802 1lla TX Power regulations Band amp EU amp Frequency South Africa USA Australia New Zealand U NIl F 1 5150 5250 200mw somw zomm 200mW 3 U NII Band 4 not supported in Europe dBm to mW Conversion Page 76 Dec 2009 Appendix E 245U E Wireless Ethernet Appendix E GNU Free Documentation Licence Ve
4. A network capability that enables a number of computers to dynamically share a single incoming IP address from a dial up cable or xDSL connection NAT takes the single incoming IP address and creates new IP address for each client computer on the network NIC Network Interface Card A type of PC adapter card that either works without wires Wi Fi or attaches to a network cable to provide two way communication between the computer and network devices such as a hub or switch Most office wired NICs operate at 10 Mbps Ethernet 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet or 10 100 Mbps dual speed High speed Gigabit and 10 Gigabit NIC cards are also available See PC Card Proxy Server Used in larger companies and organizations to improve network operations and security a proxy server is able to prevent direct communication between two or more networks The proxy server forwards allowable data requests to remote servers and or responds to data requests directly from stored remote server data Standard connectors used in Ethernet networks RJ 45 connectors are similar to standard RJ 11 telephone connectors but RJ 45 connectors can have up to eight wires whereas telephone connectors have four A computer that provides its resources to other computers and devices on a network These include print servers Internet servers and data servers A server can also be combined with a hub or router The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to i
5. Station 2 Ethernet Device The above example also shows the Laptop may need to communicate to the Ethernet Device connected to Station 2 Y ou can see that there is now a fourth address that cannot be addressed using the 3 Address Mode of communications 1 8 Laptop AP Station 2 and Ethernet Device The example shows the Access Point and the Station as both being 245U E modules which will happily communicate as both support 4 Address Mode However there are some instances where a third Party Access Point may not be able to communicate using 4 Address Mode to a Client Sta There are only a couple of ways around this sort of situation e Changing Station 2 to a Router however this may mean that Station 2 and the Ethernet Device will use a different network address scheme which may be inconvenient and will require more setup e Configure the Access Point to communicate 4 Address Mode If choosing the later this will only be possible 1f the Station and the AP support 4 Address Mode some third Party AP s do not Page 36 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 240U E Compatibility 245U E G modules can communicate with ELPRO 240U E Ethernet modems however only in certain modes The following table shows compatible configurations If communicating with ELPRO 240U E Ethernet modems the 240U E s need to be configured with WDS 4 address mode not the default 3 address mode and the 240U E AP s cannot be aut
6. a DNS Server for a local network Name to IP address mapping are automatically updated by the built in DHCP server when it issues an IP address to a client unit For the DNS Server configuration to be effective Each DNS Client must be configured with the address of this DNS server as either the primary or secondary DNS secondary DNS is only used if there is no response from the primary DNS Normally this 1s done by setting the primary DNS field of the DHCP server configuration to the wireless IP address This address 1s then provided to client units to use as their primary DNS server address when the DHCP server issues an IP address The DNS Server is configured using the following settings Enabled Tick this box to enable the DNS Server Domain Name This is a common suffix applied to the name of each device in the network If your network 1s part of a larger network this would be assigned to you by the relevant naming authority If your network is stand alone this field is set to an arbitrary name of your choice Device Name Host This is the DNS name of the local device Commonly referred to as the host name or Name computer name This setting is duplicated on the main Module Information configuration page This is the name which is used to refer to this device Refer Section 3 17 Module Information Configuration 3 9 Spaming Tree Algorithm Redundancy The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol function was introduced to handle
7. protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you must cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate w
8. 16 Configuration is now complete Click on this newly created link to establish a connection to 245U E 17 Ensure both the username and the password are entered exactly as configured in 245U E When booted in SETUP mode the PPP server has username user and password user Page 50 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet Serial Gateway Serial Gateway functionality is available for both RS 232 and RS 485 ports independently and enables serial data to be routed via the wired or wireless network connection Serial Gateway functionality is similar to radio modem functionality allowing point to point and multipoint serial data transfer Each 245U E serial port may be configured as Server Client Multicast Group or Modbus When configured as Server the module will wait for a TCP connection to be initiated by a remote client When configured as Client the module will automatically attempt to connect to the specified remote server using TCP When configured as Multicast Group the module will broadcast data to all members of the same Multicast Group using UDP and finally when configured as Modbus the module can be configured as a Modbus Slave to a Modbus Client connected via the serial port Some of the possible Serial Gateway topologies are illustrated below As can be seen it is possible for serial data from a 245U E to be transferred to one or more 245U E serial ports or to be encapsulated within a T
9. 2462 MHz lt gt 20 MHz Channel lt 40 MHz Turbo Channel If there 1s more than one 802 11 AP within the same wireless range then 1t is important that the AP s are on channels as far apart as possible If there are only two AP s then set them to 1 and 11 If there are three set them to 1 6 and 11 It is also important that correct channel is selected for region Channels to 11 are approved for North America FCC Europe ETSI Canada IC and Australia ACMA Refer to your regional regulatory authority for which radio 2 4 GHz Channels channels are approved for use man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 21 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 802 11a 5GHz The 245U E A utilizes frequency bands within the range of 5 15 GHz and 5 825 GHz This 1s broken into 4 distinct U NI bands and each region EU US AUS NZ etc have their own power and operational constraints see Appendix C for more details The example below shows the US power and operational constraints e Group 1 5 15 5 25GHz 50mW e Group 2 5 25 5 35GHz 250mW to Watt e Group 3 5 47 5 725 GHz 250mW to 1 Watt e Group 4 5 725 5 825GHz 1Watt Each frequency band has certain limitations on the amount of radiated power that it can output as well as whether the band uses what is called Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS explained below 5 GHz Channels Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 5 15 5 25 GHz 5 25
10. 34 192 168 102 17 Dec 2009 Chapter One 245U E Wireless Ethernet If more than two routers are required within the same radio network then routing rules may need to be configured refer section 3 13 Routing Rules for further details There 1s no limit to the number of Bridges in the same network although there 1s a limit of 128 Client units linked to any one Access Point 192 168 0 72 192 168 0 34 1 y N Client Bridge Access Point Bridge 192 168 0 72 LAN A 192 168 0 34 LE Client 192 168 0 74 Router 192 168 102 17 Client _ Router A lt gt LANC 1 2 Getting Started Quickly Most applications for the 245U E require little configuration The 245U E has many sophisticated features however 1f you don t require these features this section will allow you to configure the units quickly First read Chapter 2 Installation The 245U E requires an antenna and a power supply Q Power the 245U E and make an Ethernet connection to your PC for further information on how to do this refer to section 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the first time Q Set the 245U E address settings as per section 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the first time O Save the configuration the 245U E is now ready to use Before installing the 245U E bench test the system It is a lot easier to locate problems when the equipment is all together There are other conf
11. Client If nothing is received from a Client for a period of 120 seconds the Access Point sends a link check message If there is no response to the link check a De authenticate message is sent and the link 1s dropped man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 19 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual A Client monitors beacon messages from an Access Point to determine whether the link is still present If the Client can no longer receive beacons from the Access Point it assumes the AP is out of range and the link is dropped Whenever a Client is not connected to an AP it will cyclically scan all available channels for a suitable AP Roaming Clients Clients can roam within a system however if the link to the Access Point fails or the radio signal level becomes too weak it will scan for beacons and connect to an Access Point provided the SSID and any Encryption methods keys etc are compatible If there are multiple Access Points it will select the connection with the best signal level This functionality permits a client to have mobility whilst maintaining a link with the most suitable AP LED Indication The following table details the status of the indicating LEDs on the front panel under normal operating conditions rs Re oR tsa ast eres Radio RX GREEN flash Radio receiving data Good Signal Strength ee ere LAN Activity on Ethernet port LS om LL A PL SE 8 A ES The Ethernet RJ45 port incorporates two indication LEDs The LINK LED comes on w
12. Connections Tab gt LAN Settings gt Proxy Server gt bypass proxy for local addresses Enter the default IP address for the 245U E https 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number Enter the username user and default password user Page 24 User Manual Local Area Connection Properties General Authentication Advanced Connect using la SURECOM EP 320k R 100 10M PCI Ceres This connection uses the following items wi El Client for Microsoft Hetworks JS File and Printer Sharing for Microsolt Networks MJB gos Packet Scheduler Intemet Protocol TEPAP Description i Transmission Control Probocol lintennet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse Interconnected networks C Show icon in notification area when connected Notify me when this connection has limited or no connectivity Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address IP address 192 168 0 1 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Default gateway N Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server Dec 2009 Ch
13. Device should only be connected to PCs that are covered by either FCC DoC or are FCC certified Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 3 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Important Notice ELPRO products are designed to be used in industrial environments by experienced industrial engineering personnel with adequate knowledge of safety design considerations ELPRO radio products are used on unprotected license free radio bands with radio noise and interference The products are designed to operate in the presence of noise and interference however in an extreme case radio noise and interference could cause product operation delays or operation failure Like all industrial electronic products ELPRO products can fail in a variety of modes due to misuse age or malfunction We recommend that users and designers design systems using design techniques intended to prevent personal injury or damage during product operation and provide failure tolerant systems to prevent personal injury or damage in the event of product failure Designers must warn users of the equipment or systems 1f adequate protection against failure has not been included in the system design Designers must include this Important Notice in operating procedures and system manuals These products should not be used in non industrial applications or life support systems without consulting ELPRO first L A radio license is not required in some countries provided the module is installed using t
14. E needs only pass traffic to devices that are its leaves man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 35 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual There is some overhead in maintaining a network utilizing the Spanning Tree Algorithm Users wishing to increase their throughput at the expense of redundancy should disable Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree Protocol can be configured on the Repeaters configuration page 3 10 Compatibility 3 Address amp 4 Address Modes What Addresses are in a wireless Ethernet data frame There are two different WiFi communication modes 3 Address and 4 Address Modes Each mode has a slightly different way that it addresses the data frames to other devices on the network In 3 Address Mode the addressing is made up of a Destination Address DA a Source Address SA and a BSSID MAC Address of the Access Point In 4 Address Mode the addressing is made of a Destination Address DA a Source Address SA a Radio Transmit Address RTA and a Radio Receive Address RRA Packets between AP and Client Communications between Access Points and Client is generally done using 3 Address Mode because there are only 3 addresses within the communication path as indicated in the path from the Laptop to Station 1 in the diagram below If the Laptop wishes to communicate to Station 1 the DA will be Station 1 the SA will be the Laptop and the BSSID will be the AP s MAC Address hence the 3 Address Mode ART Y Station 1
15. ICMP these settings have no effect Protocol This chooses the protocol to which the rule applies The rule can apply to Any protocol All or to only one of TCP UDP or ICMP Ping Save Changes and Reset Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Page 48 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet ARP Filter Configuration ARP Address Resolution Protocol is a broadcast message and is primarily used for finding a MAC address when only its IP or some other Network Layer address is known On large networks you generally tend to get a high proportion of broadcast messages Using ARP filters is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network by only allowing ARP requests for known units to pass or blocking ARP requests for high use addresses Select Blacklist or A Blacklist will block ARP requests that match the entry Whitelist A Whitelist will allow only ARP Requests that match the entry All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of ARP Address filter rules Delete Entry Delete the currently selected ARP address filter rule Check this box to enable the rule IP Address This sets the IP address that you wish to filter IP Netmask Sets the IP Netmask Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Reset is required to activate Save Changes and Reset Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 49 245
16. If your system is not adequately secured third parties may be able to gain access to your data or gain control of your equipment via the radio link Before deploying a system make sure you have considered the security aspects of your installation carefully Page 4 Dec 2009 Chapter One 245U E Wireless Ethernet Limited Lifetime Warranty Disclaimer and Limitation of Remedies ELPRO products are warranted free from manufacturing defects for the serviceable lifetime of the product The serviceable lifetime is limited to the availability of electronic components If the serviceable life is reached in less than three years following the original purchase from ELPRO ELPRO will replace the product with an equivalent product if an equivalent product is available This warranty does not extend to the following Failures caused by the operation of the equipment outside the particular product s specification or Use of the module not in accordance with this User Manual or Abuse misuse neglect or damage by external causes or Repairs alterations modifications undertaken other than by an authorized Service Agent ELPRO liability under this warranty is limited to the replacement or repair of the product This warranty is in lieu of and exclusive of all other warranties This warranty does not indemnify the purchaser of products for any consequential claim for damages or loss of operations or profits and ELPRO is not liable for any
17. Internet An IP address has two parts an identifier of a particular network on the Internet and an identifier of the particular device which can be a server or a workstation within that network IPX SPX Internetwork Packet Exchange a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare operating systems Like UDP IP IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications Higher level protocols such as SPX and NCP are used for additional error recovery services Sequenced Packet Exchange SPX a transport layer protocol layer 4 of the OSI Model used in Novell Netware networks The SPX layer sits on top of the IPX layer layer 3 and provides connection oriented services between two nodes on the network SPX is used primarily by client server applications ISDN A type of broadband Internet connection that provides digital service from the customer s premises to the dial up telephone network ISDN uses standard POTS copper wiring to deliver voice data or video A network model developed by the International Standards Organization ISO that consists of seven different levels or layers By standardizing these layers and the interfaces in between different portions of a given protocol can be modified or changed as technologies advance or systems requirements are altered The seven layers are Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application Local Area Network A system of connecting PCs and other devices within
18. LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES Page 80 Dec 2009
19. access to specific devices through the use of Blacklists blocking of traffic that matches a rule and Whitelists allow traffic that matches a rule The IP filter entry will match either source or destination address in the packet That is if either the source or destination IP address falls within the address range specified in the rule the packet is matched and will be discarded Blacklist or allowed Whitelist If the protocol is specified the protocol of the packet must also match If the protocol is TCP or UDP the source or destination TCP UDP can also be inspected If the IP address and protocol matches and the source or destination port number falls within the range specified the packet is matched Blacklist will prevent all listed devices from accessing the module and using the radio Select Blacklist or link Whitelist Note Configuration pages use TCP protocol on ports 80 and 443 Create Whitelist rules specifying the configuration PC s IP address with TCP protocol ports 80 and 443 Whitelist will allow devices with the IP addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of IP Address filter rules Delete Entry Delete the currently selected IP address filter rule Check this box to enable the rule Check this box to enable the rule S O IP Address Max by the rule Port Max rule applies When protocol is set to All or to
20. consequential damages or loss of operations or profits resulting from the use of these products ELPRO is not liable for damages losses costs injury or harm incurred as a consequence of any representations warranties or conditions made by ELPRO or its representatives or by any other party except as expressed solely in this document GNU Free Documentation Licence Copyright C 2009 ELPRO Technologies ELPRO Technologies is using a part of Free Software code under the GNU General Public License in operating the 245U E product This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s code and to any other program whose authors commit by using it The Free Software is copyrighted by Free Software Foundation Inc and the program is licensed As is without warranty of any kind Users are free to contact Elpro Technologies at the following Email Address sales elprotech com for instructions on how to obtain the source code used in the 245U EB A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 5 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTIO Niusiinnin nnninia tesuecenciieccclesihedadiviceddatasiieeseuariestaueis 8 MINE WOR ORO OS du diodes dan ed etc din tee 8 Le ZAGE INGOT AR TED QUIERE Y o A A A a a Aaa 11 CHAPTER TWO INSTAELATIO NN cuca id li 12 2 0 GENER a dedo leelo ee ee ee EZ 2 1 ANTENNA INSTALLATION
21. for establishing WDS connections with third party Access Points that do not support standard WDS operation All Access Points must be configured on the same fixed radio channel Auto Channel selection must not be selected See Radio page for details on configuring the channel There are many different ways to setup wireless networks often it depends on the devices you wish to connect and the existing network topology The following pages show some examples of how to connect devices into different types of systems 3 11 1 Example Extending range using WDS Site A Site B Site C Site D 9 9 9 9 AT Virtual Client A 1492 Virtual Client Bridge Virtual Client A age SSID SSID_B wos PR SSID SSID_C NDS SSID SSID D os Extending range E Virtual AP Repeaters Virtual Station One of the most common uses for WDS is to extend the range of the wireless network using repeaters The diagram above illustrates a simple example where the four Access Points are all at fixed locations each of the Access Points could of course have one or more client stations connected Since the locations are fixed we can avoid the overhead of using the Bridge Spanning Tree protocol here by configuring fixed WDS links to ensure that each Access Point will only connect to the next Access Point in the chain Any number of additional intermediate repeaters could be added to the chain in a similar way WDS Connecti
22. hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 t ime 3ms time lt ims time lt ims time ims timeiims timeiims time lt ims time lt ims time imse time lt ims timeiims time lt ims time Sms time lt ims time lt ims timeiims timeiims time lt ims time lt ims User Manual ioj xj TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 TTL 255 Ping statistics for 192 168 123 123 Packets Sent 19 Received 19 Lost A EA Approximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum Ams Maximum Sms Average Bms This 4 command is used to repeatedly ping the specified node in the network to cancel use Ctrl C A good test for the network once it is first set up 1s to use ping repeatedly from one PC s IP address to the other PC s IP address This gives a good indication of the network s reliability and how responsive it is from point to point When you enter Ctrl C the program reports a packet sent received lost percentage R C WINNTS from from Mi Es S SS le m LC MO i hytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 hytes 32 time b6ms TTL 128 from hytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 From 192 168 hytes 32 time 922ms TIL 128 from 192 168 123 FE hytes 32 time 242ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bytes 32 time 384ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54m
23. identify the router by IP address as their gateway to the other network When devices on one network wish to communicate with devices on the other network they direct their packets at the router for forwarding As the router has an IP address on each of the networks it joins 1t inherently knows the packet identity If the traffic directed at the router can not be identified for any of the networks to which it is connected the router must consult its routing rules as to where to direct the traffic to For details on configuring routing rules see section 3 12 Routing Rules 3 5 Radio Configuration The 245U E can be configured for different radio transmission rates A reduction in rate increases the reliable range transmission distance The factory default data rate settings are suitable for the majority of applications and should only be modified by experienced users Note This rate 1s for Transmit messages only as radio can receive on all data rates The 245U E allows for a configurable fixed rate or an Auto radio transmission rate When a fixed rate is configured the radio transmission rate is never altered even under extremely poor conditions The Auto rate will automatically change the radio data rate to give the best throughput When a radio transmission is unsuccessful the 245U E will automatically drop to the next lowest data rate and if subsequent transmissions are successful at the lower rate the 245U E will attempt to increase t
24. is a 9 pin DB9 female and provides for connection to a host device as well as a PC terminal for configuration field testing and for factory testing Communication is via standard RS232 signals The 245U E is configured as DCE equipment with the pinouts detailed below DCE HOST MODEM DCE HOST DB9 DB9 DB9 FEMALE MALE MALE Hardware handshaking using the CTS RTS lines is provided The CTS RTS lines may be used to reflect the status of the local unit s input buffer The 245U E does not support XON XOFF Example cable drawings for connection to a DTE host a PC or another DCE hosts or modem are detailed above Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 15 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual DB9 Connector Pinouts r Pin Name Direction Function Transmit Data Serial Data Output from DCE to DTE pap Receive Data Serial Data Input from DTE to DCE Data Terminal Ready SA A Ps ers ow arta O OOOO ro Qu Foo RS485 Serial Port The RS485 port provides for communication between the 245U E unit and its host device using a multi drop cable Up to 32 devices may be connected in each multi drop network As the RS485 communication medium is shared only one of the units on the RS485 cable may send data at any one time Thus communication protocols based on the RS 485 standard require some type of arbitration RS485 is a balanced differential standard but 1t is recommended that shielded twisted pair cable be used to interconnect mod
25. network loops and provide redundant paths in networks To enable tick the STP box on any WDS Connections you have configured on the Repeaters configuration page For example consider this network with a redundant wireless link If the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled one of the two wireless links will be disabled that 1s all wireless data will be transferred by one link only If the active link fails the other link will automatically start transferring the wireless data Access Point Bridge Access Point Bridge The Spanning Tree Protocol implemented is IEEE 802 1d compatible The algorithm forms a loop free network by blocking traffic between redundant links in the network These blocked links are placed in a standby condition and may be automatically enabled to repair the network if another link is lost The Spanning Tree Algorithm maintains a single path between all nodes in a network by forming a tree like structure The Bridge Priority determines where the node sits in the tree A Bridge configured with the lowest priority 0 will become the root node in the network and will direct traffic between each of its branches The root node is typically the unit that handles the majority of traffic in the network The 245U E is configured with a Bridge Priority of 32768 by default The intention is to reduce traffic that the 245U E must handle by placing it at the branch level in the network tree As a branch the 245U
26. number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is sent via the Packet Size network Taster POr Sarei Server Only Enter the TCP port number on which the server must listen for incoming connections The standard TELNET port is 23 Remote Device Port Client only Enter the TCP port number of the remote server 1 e the remote port to Client automatically connect to Remote Device IP Address Client only Enter the IP Address of the remote server 1 e the remote IP Address to Client automatically connect to Multicast Group Port Enter the UDP port number that all members of the group will use 1 e all group members should use the same port number Enter a valid Multicast IP Address identifying the group 1 e all group members Multicast Group IP should use the same Multicast Group IP Address Valid Multicast IP Addresses are in the range 224 0 1 0 to 238 255 255 255 RS232 RS485 Modbus TCP RTU Converter Modbus Server TCP Port Port number used for the Modbus TCP Standard port is 502 Pauses Between Requests Enter the delay between serial request retries in milliseconds Enter the serial response timeout in milliseconds a serial retry will be sent if a response is not received within this timeout Data Rate Response Timeout Enter the TCP connection timeout in seconds if no Modbus TCP data is received Connection Timeout within this timeout then the TCP connection will be dropped Set this fie
27. security web sites 4 Default Configuration The default factory configuration of the 245U E is e Client Bridge e IP address192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number the default IP address is shown on the printed label on the back of the module e netmask 255 255 255 0 e Username is user and the default password is user The 245U E will temporarily load some factory default settings if powered up with the Factory Default switch on the end plate of the module in SETUP position When in SETUP mode wireless operation is disabled The previous configuration remains stored in non volatile memory and will only change if a configuration parameter is modified and the change saved Accessing Configuration for the first time Because the Default IP address is in the range 192 168 0 X XX it may not connect to you network or PC so there are two methods for accessing the configuration for the first time Method Change your computer settings so that the configuring PC is on the same network as the 245U E with factory default settings This is the preferred method and is much less complicated than the second method You will need a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC Ethernet port and the 245U E The factory default Ethernet address for the 245U E is 192 168 0 1XX where XX are the last two digits of the serial number check the label on the back of the module Method 2 Requires temporaril
28. the 245U E units need to act in conjunction with their connected devices If a connected device is a DHCP server the local and remote 245U E units can be configured as DHCP Clients and receive IP addresses from the server device Similarly if a 245U E is configured as a DHCP server it can provide IP addresses to DHCP Clients both 245U E units as well as other connected devices Configuration items for the DHCP Server are listed below Enabled Tick this box to enable the DHCP Server IP Range Minimum The DHCP Server will assign IP addresses to DHCP Clients from within this range of Maximum addresses Gateway Primary These Settings are common to all of the DHCP Clients and refer to the gateway address DNS Secondary and Domain Name Service DNS Configuration DNS Lease Time This is the number of seconds the client is granted the assigned IP address The client should renew its lease within this time 3 8 DNS Server Configuration DNS Domain Name Service allows devices to be given human readable names in additions to their IP address This makes identification of devices hosts simpler and makes it possible to identify devices which have been automatically assigned their IP address by a DHCP server See section 3 7 DHCP Server Configuration DNS is the system which translates internet names such as www elprotech com to IP Addresses The ELPRO 245U E can act as Page 34 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet
29. the same physical proximity for sharing resources such as an Internet connections printers files and drives The minimum signal strength required to pick up a signal Higher bandwidth connections usually Sensitivity have less receive sensitivity than lower bandwidth connections A device that forwards data from one WLAN or wired local area network to another man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 71 ISO Network Model 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual SNR Signal to Noise Ratio The number of decibels difference between the signal strength and background noise The power usually expressed in mW or dBm that the wireless device transmits at MAC Address Media Access Control address A unique code assigned to most forms of networking hardware The address 1s permanently assigned to the hardware so limiting a wireless network s access to hardware such as wireless cards is a security feature employed by closed wireless networks But an experienced hacker armed with the proper tools can still figure out an authorized MAC address masquerade as a legitimate address and access a closed network Every wireless 802 11 device has its own specific MAC address hard coded into it This unique identifier can be used to provide security for wireless networks When a network uses a MAC table only the 802 11 radios that have had their MAC addresses added to that network s MAC table will be able to get onto the network NAT Network Address Translation
30. to maintain reliable operation of driving relays The digital input is connected between the DIO terminal and common COM The I O circuit includes a LED indicator which is lit GREEN when the digital input is active that is when the input circuit is closed Provided the resistance of the switching device is less than 200 ohms the device will be able to activate the digital input Voltage free contact input The I O channel may also be used as a discrete output The digital outputs are transistor switched DC signals FET output to common rated at 30VDC 500 mA The output circuit is connected to the DIO terminal The digital output circuit includes a LED indicator which is lit RED when the digital output is active Te p A O Max 30VDC 0 5A Page 18 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet Chapter Three OPERATION 3 0 Start up Access Point Start up 245U E G When an Access Point AP unit starts up it checks to see if the Channel selection is set to Auto and if so will scan all available channels pick the quietest then begin transmitting periodic messages called beacons if it is configured with a fixed channel it will immediately begins sending beacons on the configured channel Beacons include information that a Client may examine in order to identify if the Access Point is suitable for link establishment Clients will only attempt to establish a link with an Access Point whose beacon indicates
31. using WDS router interfaces to achieve a similar physical topology to the WDS bridge example discussed earlier is illustrated below Site B 192 168 6 X SSID_B Site D Virtual Client SSID SSID AA 169 254 0 3 Virtual Client SSID SSID BB 169 254 5 4 Virtual Client SSID SSID_B WDS Bridge LAN 192 168 5 X SSID _D X S YSz69L 19104 SAM 192 168 0 X SSID_A WDS Routed 192 168 6 X Network SSID_C Virtual AP Virtual Client SSID SSID_CC 169 254 6 4 Virtual Station Site C In both examples there are four WDS Access points each with the possibility of having their own client stations associated In both examples B C and D can all exchange data with each other The bridged example has the advantage of redundancy but at the expense of extra overhead The routed example below cannot provide the redundancy of the bridged example and requires more configuration effort but does not have the overhead of using the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol so 1s suited to fixed installations that do not require redundancy As mentioned previously configuration of the WDS router example is more complex than the bridged example given earlier Each Modem and each link have a different SSID This 1s done to limit broadcast traffic and to route data only were 1t needs to go Site B in the WDS router example above has three WDS links to Site A C and D we show Site
32. 0 LL Example gt WDS ROUETNELN OR SA ne NN Ra en lh a 42 3 12 ROUTING RUCE Sua E ae ed de A eR 45 3 13 WIRELESS MESSAGE FILTERING 4 A ce me AA ana Aa 47 IWEAG Address Filter Con SuratiOn a A ISA 48 IP Adaress ter COMTEUTATON EEE nn ns dre ia 48 ARP FLE On OU A Oil ES SE TE MATRA de dns net ne NN Se Re anne ere lien eee not 49 3 14 SERTAL PORT CONFIGURATION a RU Ne er DUR ns ait 50 RS 2 PPP oo GA ol ON O ee Ree eee eee 50 A way e anne AAEE ina Ne EA ee ON te 51 Modbus ECP ORTO Ct Way cod naine 52 SOA NICE N ea de RO 53 3 15 DIGITAL INP FOU TPO os hes rae ea iii iii 54 3 16 MODBUS CT RAIN SEE Roa e eto al dde Ci nee 54 3 17 MODULE INFORMATION CONFIGURATION ssccssccssccsccesccssccecccsscesccscensceccusceuccesscusseessenscesscussensseseuecs 57 3 18 REMOTE CONFIGURATION da 57 3 19 CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES a de A E ida 58 setting a 245U E to Factory Default Settings cdas 58 EXtendiNS A WIRE NEO nent dios ds 58 Connecting two separate Networks TOS Chel ari E 58 Extending range of a network with a Repeater hop ss 59 CHAPTER FOUR DIAGNOSTICS rnia a iaa 60 4 0 DIEXGNOS TICS CHAR Dra als tat ipods iaa alcala eich ie e Cai hee aaa 60 4 1 DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AVAILABLE ccsccsccscccccceccsccescsccncceccescccusccscesccsscssccecsscesscsscescssceecenseecs 61 Connecti D oeae esta 61 o see NS EE Nad is ak Seah eg Tne ns a Scat de 62 Network Trate ARAS A ia 62 4 2 TESTING RADIO PATH S id A A eae 62 4 3 UTILES ni id e
33. 255 255 0 192 168 0 73 iw Notes Destination The destination network or host IP address to specify a network address set the host address to 0 i e for an IP address 192 168 0 0 with Netmask 255 255 255 0 would specify a destination network while 192 168 0 16 specifies a destination host Subnet Mask The subnet mask for the destination network Gateway The IP address of the next hop router for the specified destination Enabled Check this box to enable the rule You can Uncheck the box to disable a routing rule without needing to re enter the information at a later time Note Entering dedicated Ethernet Routes can also be added to the wired Ethernet LAN in place of generating adding routing rules into the modems Page 46 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 13 Wireless Message Filtering When configured as a Bridge the 245U E will transmit all broadcast messages appearing at 1ts wired Ethernet port When the 245U E is configured as a Router this does not occur In many cases the intended recipient of the broadcast traffic does not lie at the opposite end of a proposed radio link Reducing unnecessary broadcast traffic sent over the radio link will increase available bandwidth for data The 245U E has a filtering feature to help reduce unnecessary wireless transmissions and enhance security The 245U E may be configured to reject or accept messages to and from certain Addresses To accept wireless messages f
34. 5 247 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation This device must be operated as supplied by ELPRO Technologies Any changes or modifications made to the device without the written consent of ELPRO Technologies may void the user s authority to operate the device End user products that have this device embedded must be installed by experienced radio and antenna personnel or supplied with non standard antenna connectors and antennas available from vendors specified by ELPRO Please contact ELPRO for end user antenna and connector recommendations Notices Safety Exposure to RF energy 1s an important safety consideration The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of 1ts actions in Docket 93 62 and OET Bulletin 65 Edition 97 01 FCC Notice Part 15 This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part15 of the FCC rules Code of Federal Regulations 47CFR Part 15 Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference Notice Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by ELPRO could void the user s authority to operate this equipment This
35. 5 35 GHz 5 47 5 725 GHz 5 725 5 825 GHz 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 100 104 108 112 116 120 124 128 132 136 140 149 153 157 161 157 5180 NS 5220 5240 5260 5280 5300 5320 5500 5520 5540 5560 5580 5600 5620 5640 5660 5680 5700 A 5765 A 5805 5825 MHz 40MH pal Turbo Ch ae PA Turbo Channel 41 54Mbps n a o S Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS Because of the push within the 802 1 1a market to open up new spectrum for unlicensed radio a mechanism called Dynamic Frequency Selection needed to be developed so that the 802 11 Wifi could coexist with existing military and telecommunication radar systems Access points with 5GHz radios comply with regulations that require radio devices to use Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS which can detect radar signals and avoid interfering with them by automatically scanning and then selecting another channel or band When DFS is enabled the Access Point master device goes through the following steps 1 The master device that initiates communications selects a channel and monitors that channel for potential radar interference for a minimum listening time of 60sec channel availability check time No transmissions can occur during this period 2 If interference is detected then the system has to go and select another channel and repeat the channel availability check on the new channel the original channel is added to a list of channels with radar 3 Once a channel has been selected and passes the channel avai
36. 55 255 808 Default Gateway a ew z 192 168 6 1 In the above example ipconfig was entered in the command prompt The reply back shows the PC s IP address Subnet mask and the gateway it is connected to Other ipconfig commands will return back more information The hardware or MAC address of the computer may be discovered using the command ipconfig all Ipconfig lists all of the commands and their usages available for use 66 Arp Displays and modifies the IP to Physical address translation tables used by Address Resolution Protocol ARP Once a remote computer has been pinged this can be used to see the IP address amp MAC address of the remote computer It will also show any other devices on the network that 1t may be connected to Prompt ICIA gt arp a Interface 192 168 6 17 on Interface 1000003 Internet Address Physical Address Type 192 168 609 200 60 de Bc 3e 1 4 68 dynamic Command used for above screen shot is arp a It shows the PC s direct IP address of 192 168 0 17 as also shown before with ipconfig command The other IP address shown with its associated MAC address is another device with a connection to the PC In this example it is the IP address of a PLC connected to the PC also Arp lists all the commands available for this function Route R
37. 63 SPI A RN 63 APENAS ti so s 65 AAA ee A eta a ON 65 CHAPTER FIVE SPECIFICATIONS societ aa id 67 APPENDIX A FIRM WARF UPGRADE omar aid EOS 69 APPENDIX B GLOSSARY seirene AAA EA 70 APPENDIX C CHANNELS Asin i 74 APPENDIX D 802 11A TX POWER REGULATIONS 1 ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccscccccccccccces 76 APPENDIX E GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENCE eesessosesessesesecsesscscsesscsesecsosesscsesessesessoso 77 Man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 7 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Chapter One INTRODUCTION The 245U E Industrial 802 11 Wireless Ethernet module provide wireless connections between Ethernet devices and or Ethernet wired networks LAN s They each comply with their relevant IEEE 802 11 standard The 245U E is available in a range of different models with different RF power and frequency options suitable for your country s local radio regulations 245U E G 802 11 b g 400mW max power 245U E A 802 11 a400mW max power The above models have the same functionality but use a different radio to communicate The different radios do not communicate with each other e g a 245U E G will not communicate with a 245U E A Only modules of the same type are able to communicate wirelessly to each other Throughout this manual any reference to 245U E refers to one of the above models The 245U E G model uses a 2 4GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS wireless transceiver Users pick a 20 MHz channel
38. 8 2 0 with the Mask of 255 255 255 0 on Network A via the Ethernet IP Interface 192 168 0 191 IP Address 192 168 2 0 will allow everything on this network to be shared by the router When adding a routing table you will need to enter this in Once entered in the Router will determine whether to pass information over the router if it is addressed to do so or not For added security MAC address filtering could be added as mentioned earlier in Section 3 Page 66 Dec 2009 Chapter Five 245U E Wireless Ethernet Chapter Five SPECIFICATIONS EN 300 683 FCC Part 90 EN 300 328 FCC Part 15 247 RSS 210 114 x 140 x 30mm 4 5 x 5 5 x 1 2 inch Powder coated extruded aluminium DIN rail mount Suitable for 12 gauge 2 5mm conductors Module Status Serial RX and TX Radio RX and TX Radio Link Ethernet Activity Link 40 to 60 C 40 to 140 F 0 99 RH non condensing 9 to 30VDC Overvoltage and reverse voltage protected 245U E G 290 mA 12V 245U E G 150mA 24VDC 245U E A 300 mA 12V 245U E A 160mA 24VDC 245U E G 340 mA 12V 245U E G 180mA 24VDC 245U E A 410 mA 12V 245U E A 210mA 24VDC 10 100 BaseT RJ45 IEEE 802 3 compliant Bridge router Access point client functionality Model Maximum Power 1 24 Mb s 400mW 26 dBm 36 Mb s 250mW 24 dBm 48 Mb s 160mW 22 dBm 54 Mb s 125mW 21 dBm 6 24 Mb s 400mW 26 dBm 36 Mb s 250mW 24 dBm 48 Mb s 160m
39. B s configuration below It can be seen that there are 3 entries in the WDS Connections list WDS Connections Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Sta Uplink SSID_AA None v e The first entry specifies a connection to the Access Point whose SSID is SSID_AA and that it is to be a Virtual Station interface with a separate Router IP address of 169 254 0 3 this is the address that Site B adopts for the link to Site A Note that this IP Address specifies a different network than that of the default interface for Site A or B i e default interfaces 192 168 0 X and 192 168 X respectively It is a requirement that the virtual interfaces at each end point of a WDS link have the same network structure this ensures that the WDS links at either end point are not bridged with their default interface e consequence of using a different network address for the WDS link between Sites A and B is that we now need to configure a routing rule at both Site A amp B so that the 245U E can determine where to send traffic Page 42 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet destined for the respective network addresses of A and B For example if Site B receives traffic destined for network 192 168 0 x 1 e somewhere on Site A s network the routing rule specifies that the traffic must be forwarded to the end point of the WDS link to Site A The routing rules for Site B are shown below for more information on routing rules refer to
40. CP IP socket for availability on an Ethernet network Conversely data encapsulated in a TCP IP socket can be reproduced at a 245U E serial port Both 245U E serial ports and the hard wired Ethernet port can be in use at the same time Client Access Client Point RS232 RS232 Device Device RS232 RS485 Device Device RS232 Server RS232 Server RS485 Client Client RS232 Device TCP running Telnet or SeriallP Server Access Point RS485 Multicast Client Group RS485 A Multicast Device Group RS232 Device RS485 Device man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 51 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual There are software packages available 1 e SerialIP Redirector by Tactical Software that can create a virtual serial port on a PC This virtual serial port can be configured to connect to a 245U E serial port Standard programs can then be used to access this serial port as 1f 1t were actually connected to the PC Alternatively Hyperterminal may be used to connect to a serial port on the 245U E When creating the Hyperterminal connection select Connect Using TCP IP Winsock enter the IP address of the 245U E and the port selected in the Network port field Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway The Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway allows an Ethernet Modb
41. CP Servers can be specified Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Unit B is configured with Modbus TCP Server enabled and Device ID 1 Unit C is configured as shown above e The first will write the register 4300 Local Digital Input to server IP address 192 168 0 200 Unit B Device ID 1 register 4320 Local Digital output e The second mapping shows a Modbus read command of 8 Discretes starting at register Destination Reg on Device ID 6 connected to IP address 192 168 0 123 it self and store the values at register 1 locally e The third mapping shows the Modbus write command Write Coils which is writing the local 8 I O s starting at register 1 across to Server IP address 192 168 0 200 Device ID 5 destination reg 1 man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 55 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual The configuration of unit B is shown below accessible via the I O Transfer configuration page It can be seen that Modbus TCP Client has been enabled with a 500msec scan rate meaning that there will be a 500msec delay between each of the mappings directed at any server The Reset Registers on Comms Fail option is enabled with a timeout of 60 seconds indicating that any of the registers at unit B will be reset 1f a successful Modbus transaction involving that register has not been executed in the last 60 seconds The Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway at B must also be enabled see section 3 13 3 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway to allow Mo
42. Modbus RTU and routes it out the serial port to unit D The third mapping takes the 8 registers read by the second mapping and writes them to the serial unit A The specified Device ID 5 is the Modbus Address of the serial device A and the Server IP Address 192 168 0 196 is the IP Address of the local unit B since the local Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway is to route the message out the serial port to unit A Since the 245U E supports Modbus TCP Client and Server simultaneously the Modbus TCP Server for unit B above could also be enabled This would allow one or more external Modbus TCP Clients anywhere on the extended wired or wireless network to connect to unit B and monitor the status of the I O registers including the I O at units A C and D This is a very powerful and flexible feature which could for example be exploited by a central monitoring facility or SCADA Modbus TCP Configuration on I O Transfer Menu Enable Modbus TCP Server Check this box to enable the onboard Modbus TCP Server All Modbus TCP Slave connections to the module IP Address and specified Modbus Server Device ID will be routed to the onboard I O registers Modbus Server Device ID Specify the Modbus Device ID for the onboard Modbus TCP Server Allowed values are 0 to 255 Enable Modbus TCP Client Check this box to enable the onboard Modbus TCP Client I O to be transferred Master via the Modbus TCP client is specified with Modbus TCP Client Mappings Modbus Clien
43. U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 3 14 Serial Port Configuration The 245U E has an RS 232 and an RS 485 port for serial communications These ports may be used for different purposes The 245U E offers three different serial functions which are PPP server Serial Gateway and Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway RS 232 PPP Server The 245U E can be used as a PPP Point to Point Protocol Server to connect the wireless system to serial devices via the RS232 or RS485 serial ports PPP Server enables a network connection to the 245U E over a serial cable This is much like dial up internet The maximum serial data rate is 115 200bps Hardware or Software flow control may be selected With minimal configuration on the PC you may use Dial up networking in Windows XP to connect to the network via the serial port For the 245U E users must configure the local IP address for the 245U E and the remote device IP address Some care must be taken in selecting these IP addresses e If you wish to use routing over this serial network connection then the IP addresses selected must not lie on Wireless or Wired Ethernet networks already configured into the device You must ensure they set routing rules appropriately for devices either side of the network e If you want the serial device visible as present on the Wireless or Wired network then the local IP address must be the same as the IP address set for the desired port A process called Proxy ARP is used
44. W 22 dBm 54 Mb s 125mW 21 dBm 12 fixed channels 3 Turbo Mode or Auto Auto Channel Group selection utilises DFS 90dBm 18Mb s 74dBm 54Mb s 74dBm 54Mb s gain receive antenna 1 to 54Mb s 245U E G Turbo 108Mb s 6 to 54Mb s 245U E A Turbo 108Mb s A A 2 pin terminal block Max distance 4000 1 2 km 1 to 31 character text string A DB9 female DCE RTS CTS DTR DCD hardware signals provided 1200 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 7 or 8 data bits Stop start parity bits 38400 57600 76800 115200 configurable man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 67 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual WEP ee and pa WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES WPA2 PSK AES Via Via embedded web page via RS232 commands web Bane via RS232 commands Power OK Ethernet Link Activity 100mb s Radio Link RX Rx Weak Signal TX Serial RX TX Digital I O Input Output status RSSI measurement in dBm Connectivity Information System Log file Page 68 Dec 2009 Appendix A 245U E Wireless Ethernet Appendix A FIRMWARE UPGRADE Determine which firmware version is present in the module to be upgraded by viewing the index webpage of the module Firmware versions 1 0 3 and later may be upgraded via the configuration web pages This upgrade can be done locally with a PC connected directly to the module or remotely over a working radio link For remote upgrade it is advisable to reduce radio traffic over the link from other devices as m
45. X When prompted for password enter default username user and password user Enter Network and select Operating Mode as Access Point Device Mode should be set to Router Set the Gateway IP address to 192 168 0 1 Set the Ethernet IP address to 192 168 0 200 network mask 255 255 255 0 Set the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 54 network mask 255 255 255 0 Select the Radio Encryption required and enter encryption keys or passphrase if necessary Set dipswitch to RUN Click on button Save to Flash and Reset Webpage will display that message indicating details are being written to flash Wait for 245U E to reboot before removing power Enter a System Generator String Client Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as the Access Point configuration with the following differences Enter Network and select Operating Mode as Client Device Mode should be set to Bridge Set the Gateway IP address to 169 254 102 54 Set the Ethernet IP address to 169 254 102 53 network mask 255 255 255 0 Set the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 53 network mask 255 255 255 0 Click on button Save to Flash and Reset Webpage will display that message indicating details are being written to flash Wait for 245U E to reboot before removing power Extending range of a network with a Repeater hop Configure units as described in Section Extending a wired network Place the Access Point at the remote intermediate repeater location Add
46. Yagi is transmitting to another Yagi then the elements at each end of the wireless link need to in the same plane horizontal or vertical Directional radomes should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the antenna Parabolic antennas should be mounted as per the manufacturer s instructions with the parabolic grid at the back and the radiating element pointing in the direction of the transmission Ensure that the antenna mounting bracket is well connected to ground earth Page 14 Dec 2009 Chapter Two 245U E Wireless Ethernet 2 2 Power Supply The 245U E module can be powered from a 9 30VDC power supply The power supply should be rated at 1 Amp The positive VY B side of the supply must not be connected to earth The O RS485 supply negative 1s connected to the unit case A internally The DC supply may be a floating 9 30 T VY supply or negatively grounded VDC 4 Q rn SUPPLY O COM MODEM 3 Y DIO The power requirements of the 245U E unit are shown in the following table po SUE 245U E A ppv we nc 300mA 410mA A Ground Terminal is provided on the back of the module This Terminal should be connected to the Main Ground point of the installation in order to provide efficient surge protection for the module refer to the Installation Diagram 2 3 Serial Connections RS232 Serial Port The serial port
47. a eed ec is ait su 12 Dual Antenna Installations ES orcs eis eres et e dea ale ets ds 12 Lime OreSient installations 6 53 neti isaac dace tnt deans ged Maite ads ta et els 13 ATOS ESS O E IEEE TRY ERIE O te donna 13 ISAAC UPS tala tas 13 Dipele and Collincar antena cs cito 14 Directo na llanto AUS aa a re en a e ea ir 14 2 2 POWER SUPPLY ia lia 15 2 3 SERIAL CONNECTIONS turnie ioe A E Se tec T eu a ees 15 A O A O EEEE AE EE AS EA AI E 15 DIAA Ee LOI AD UG EEE E A T EE E A AEE A E E E ens ido 16 RSTSS SLT A RR RE 16 2 4 DISCRETE DIGITAL INPUL OUTPUT tE AAA EA AA AI 18 CHAPTER THREE OPERATION susi a 19 3 0 SN A A O A SA 19 Access Pone Star ap ZM UE ti lolis 19 ACCESS PONE tatu 24 SUSE EA crc ii 19 EUA RR aN ry sn Pt ET IP me Re AT a E 19 Link SLA IS A EAT ane esi ne 19 How a Link CONNECHOIM cio 19 Roanne RO O 20 OBAE E E a ide o e de ie A DNET AT E 20 3 1 SELECTING NON ae Oe NR ac aa RO NT cn A 21 Oz Ne A CO idad od 21 02 Ta SGH eek ee os be wae cae ie de a ae ne DEE 22 Dynamic Frequency SelecHon DES asii 22 3 2 CONFIGURING THE UNIT FOR THE FIRST TIME cscceeccecceccscccccscceccecccceccescesccescssceeceecescetscescascescensens 23 Derin CONS TTAMON a E A e vole dates idee 2e 23 Accessing Configuration for the first time eeeeesesesssssssssssssseterrererrrerresessssssssseeeeeeereeerreeeresesesssssssseseeeeeeee 23 Method 1 Set PC to same network as 245U E sesessssseseesesesesesesessssssesosesesesesc
48. a matching SSID Access Points do not initiate link establishment Access Point Start up 245U E A If the modem is configured to use DFS then it will behave slightly different as it needs to comply with DFS regulations When an Access Point starts up it will scan all available channels from the selected groups and then select the quietest similar to the 245U E G It will then go into a scan mode for 60 seconds where it listens for any Radar signals If a radar signal is detected it will flag the channel as being unavailable Channel will stay unavailable for 30 minutes and then pick another random channel and go through the same scanning process until a radar free channel be comes available Client Start up When a Client powers up it scans for beacons from Access Points While a link is not established the Client cyclically scans all available channels for a suitable Access Point The Client will attempt to establish a link with an Access Point only if it has matching SSID Encryption method etc and other compatible capabilities as indicated by the beacon If more than one suitable Access Point is discovered the client will attempt to establish a link with the Access Point that has the strongest radio signal Link Establishment Once a Client identifies a suitable Access Point for link establishment it attempts to establish a link using a two step process Authentication and Association During Authenticatio
49. a net gain of 2 2dB 7 8dB 5 6dB O ms Installation tips Connections between the antenna and coaxial cable should be carefully taped to prevent ingress of moisture Moisture ingress in the coaxial cable is a common cause Stretch to elongate sealant tape for problems with radio systems as it greatly increases the radio losses We while wrapping over the connection recommend that the connection be taped firstly with a layer of PVC Tape then with a vulcanizing tape such as 3M 23 tape and finally with another layer of PVC UV Stabilized insulating tape The first layer of tape allows the joint to be easily af inspected when trouble shooting as the vulcanizing seal can be easily removed l Where antennas are mounted on elevated masts the masts should be effectively For proper A a ae i Tape should then be wrapped over earthed to avoid lightning surges For high lightning risk areas surge suppression the Vulcanising Tape Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 13 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual devices between the module and the antenna are recommended If the antenna is not already shielded from lightning strike by an adjacent earthed structure a lightning rod may be installed above the antenna to provide shielding Dipole and Collinear antennas A dipole or collinear antenna transmits the same amount of radio power in all directions as such that are easy to install and use The dipole antenna with integral 15 ft Sm cab
50. al Gateway or Modbus TCP to RTU RS232 Port The serial data rate desired Serial data rates available range from 110bps to a maximum of 115 200bps RS232 PPP Server Only RS232 Select the IP address of the PPP server The remote device may be made visible on the Ethernet or Wireless networks by either utilising proxy arp or routing The proxy arp feature may be enabled by setting the Local IP address the same as the Ethernet IP Local IP Address Address or the Wireless IP Address The module will respond on behalf of the remote device making it seem like the device is present on the configured network Alternatively if the IP address selected is not the same as the Ethernet or Wireless IP address routing is used to pass data to the Ethernet and Wireless ports Select the IP address of the remote device Ensure this address is not the same as any other device on the Ethernet or Wireless networks Module will wait for a connection to be initiated by a remote Client Module will automatically attempt to connect to the specified remote server Allows point to multi point serial transfer All members of the group will receive Multicast ae i serial transmissions made by any other member of the Multicast group Allows Modbus devices to connect in through the Serial port and access internal Modbus Registers Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before packet Character Timeout is sent via network y The
51. ame if using DNS the configuration page of the remote module will be shown and changes can be made Care must be taken if modifying the configuration of a module remotely If the Radio Configuration is changed some changes made may cause loss of the radio link and therefore the network connection It is advisable to determine the path of the links to the modules you wish to modify and draw a tree diagram if necessary Modify the modules at the leaves of your tree diagram These will be the furthest away from your connection point in terms of the number of radio or Ethernet links In a simple system this usually means modifying the Client modules first and the Access Point last man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 57 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 19 Setting a 245U E to Factory Default Settings Access configuration webpage on the 245U E Refer section 3 2 e Click on System Tools Menu Item e Click on Factory Default Configuration Reset and wait for unit to reset While the module executes the reset sequence the OK LED will flash The OK LED will turn green when the reset sequence is complete Extending a wired network Access Point Configuration User Manual Configuration Examples Client 1 Bridge LAN HUB HZ 192 168 0 0 RS232 Netmask 255 255 255 0 Access Point Client 2 Bridge RS232 Server Ethernet Devices Connect straight through Ethernet cable between PC and 245U E Ensure confi
52. apter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet gt 245U E Configuration and diagnostics Windows Internet Explorer EEK Ed le ttps 192 168 0 189 main as Y 3 4 X Bugzilla ej File Edit View Favorites Tools Help Links 4 Google 4 Google Maps ELPRO Technologies Bugzilla Bureau of Meteorology Google Translate xe XE Convert EY Dictionary com W Wiki 2 OzTips 3 World Clock 6 612 Breakfast de dr BB 6 2450 Configuration and di 240 Configuration an x f 7 dah X sh Page X Tools ELPRO Technologies 24SU E Configuration and Diagnostics Dipswitch setting at boot RUN Mode Dipswitch setting current RUN Mode Ethernet MAC Address 00 12 AF 00 23 E2 Wireless MAC Address 00 12 AF 00 23 E4 Owner Owner Contact Contact Description Description Location Location Modet 245U E G AU Serial Number 08080014589 Hardware Revision 12a Firmware Version Version 1 0 9dev Tue Apr 7 10 42 50 EST 2009 Kernel Version 2 6 17 uc1 ELPRO 90 Tue Apr 7 10 41 00 EST 2009 Figure 1 Welcome Webpage To resume normal configured operation when Configuration is complete switch Factory Default dip switch on the 245U E to RUN and cycle power Note Security Certificates Configuration of the 245U E uses an encrypted link https The security certificate used by the 245U E is issued by ELPRO and matches the IP address 192 168 0 100 When you first con
53. arate networks together 192 168 102 54 192 168 0 200 255 255 255 0 Internet Page 58 Access Point Router 192 168 102 53 Client Bridge 192 168 102 53 255 255 255 0 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet LAN A Configuration In this example LAN A 1s connected to the internet via a router at IP address 192 168 0 1 Devices on LAN A that only require access to devices on LAN A and B should have their gateway IP address set to the 245U E Access Point as 192 168 0 200 Devices on LAN A that must interact with devices on LAN A and B and the internet should set the internet router 192 168 0 1 as their gateway and must have a routing rule established for devices on LAN B On PCs this may be achieved with the MS DOS command ROUTE For this example use ROUTE ADD 169 254 102 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 200 LAN B Configuration All devices on LAN B should be configured so their gateway IP address 1s that of the 245U E Access Point as 169 254 102 54 Access Point Configuration e Connect straight through Ethernet cable between PC and 245U E Ensure configuration PC and 245U E are setup to communicate on the same network Set dipswitch to SETUP Power up unit and wait for LINK led to cease flashing Adjust PC network settings Set Configuration PC network card with network setting of IP address 192 168 0 1 netmask 255 255 255 0 e Open configuration webpage with Internet Explorer at address https 192 168 0 1X
54. arted it learns the location of other devices by monitoring the source address of all incoming traffic Initially it forwards all traffic between the wired Ethernet port and the wireless port however by keeping a list of devices heard on each port the transparent bridge can decide which traffic must be forwarded between ports it will only transfer a message from the wired port to the wireless port if it is required Page 30 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet A bridge will forward all Broadcast traffic between the wired and wireless ports If the wired network is busy with broadcast traffic the radio network on the 245U E can be unnecessarily overburdened Use filtering to reduce broadcast traffic sent over the radio Refer Section 3 13 Wireless Message Filtering for how to configure a filter By default a transparent bridge does not handle loops within the network There must be a single path to each device on the network Loops in the network will cause the same data to be continually passed around that loop Redundant wireless links may be set up by enabling the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol see section 3 9 Spanning Tree Algorithm Redundancy for more details Router Operation A router joins separate IP sub networks together The router has different IP addresses on its wired and wireless ports reflecting the different IP addresses of the separate Ethernet networks All of the devices in these separate networks
55. ation A SSID SSID_C Virtual Station SSID SSID_B Virtual Station SSID SSID_C m WDS Bridge ae Mos Site D de Redundant Virtual AP Networks Virtual Station Site C Device Mode parating Mode Access Poirt vil Device Mode Bridge Bridge 5 P System Address ESSID Site B configuration Network Page configured as Primary Access Point WDS Connections Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Sta Uplink SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES Pass Phrase E Site B WDS configuration Repeaters Page configured with Virtual Station to Site C WDS Connections Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IF Router Subset STF 1 Sta Uplink SSID_B WEP 64 b i oe 01000 12 1E 23 2 Sta Uplink SSID_C WPA2 PSKIAES Pass Phrase Site A WDS configuration Repeaters Page configured with two Virtual Clients to Sites B amp C Encryption levels and key above are shows as being different however they can be the same as in some of the earlier examples One reason why the Encryption level and key would be different is because the Access Point may have clients that communicate using a different Encryption method e g 128 bit WEP and may not support the same Encryption method man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 41 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 3 11 4 Example WDS Routed Network An example of
56. ce distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or Page 78 Dec 2009 Appendix E 245U E Wireless Ethernet c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components compiler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy th
57. cess Point are fixed Sites A B C and D can all exchange data with each other as can all of their Stations as if they were all on the same wired segment It can be seen that there are redundant paths and therefore the possibility for loops to occur so the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol should be enabled and depending on the size of the mesh possibly configuring a Bridge Priority Bridge Priority is used to determine the connection priority when selecting an interface to put into the forwarding state You can assign higher priority values to interfaces that you want spanning tree to select first and lower priority values to interfaces that you want spanning tree to select last If all interfaces have the same priority value the MAC address is used to work out the priority Page 40 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet To illustrate the redundancy consider that if Site A needs to send data to Site D it has redundant paths through both B and C However due to the spanning tree protocol only one of B or C will relay the data with the other taking over in the event of a failure The configuration for Site A and B are shown below In this example Site B uses its primary access point to act as an access point for Virtual Stations on Site A and D and uses a Virtual Station to act as a client to Site C Site A uses two Virtual Stations to act as clients to Site B and to Site C LL Virtual Station SSID SSID B Virtual St
58. dbus communications with the serial device A Three Modbus TCP Client Mappings are also configured at B in order to perform the required I O transfer The first mapping transfers the status of the onboard digital input at C to the onboard digital output at B Local Register 4320 specifies the register for the onboard digital output at B since B is the local unit at which the mapping is configured I O Count 1 specifies that only one I O point is being transferred 1 e the single digital I O Function Code 02 Read Discretes specifies the standard Modbus function code to read discrete 1 e digital inputs Destination Register 4300 specifies the register for the onboard digital input at unit C since C is the destination unit for this mapping Device ID lis the ID of the onboard Modbus TCP Server at C Server IP Address 192 168 0 200 is the IP address of unit C which is the Modbus TCP Server we are reading from Response Timeout 1000 ms specifies that unit C must respond to this message within 1000ms Comm Fail Register 0 specifies the local register where the communications status for this mapping will be stored The second mapping reads 8 registers from serial unit D into onboard registers in unit B Note that in this case the specified Device ID 6 is the Modbus Address of the serial device D while the Server IP Address 192 168 0 200 is the IP Address of unit C since the Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway at unit C converts the Modbus TCP message to
59. distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Hereinafter translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 77 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty
60. dix B GLOSSARY Acknowledgment Access Point An access point connects wireless network stations or clients to other stations within the wireless network and also can serve as the point of interconnection between the wireless network and a wired network Each access point can serve multiple users within a defined network area Also known as a base station Antenna Gain Antennae don t increase the transmission power but focus the signal more So instead of transmitting in every direction including the sky and ground antenna focus the signal usually either more horizontally or in one particular direction This gain is measured in decibels Bandwidth The maximum data transfer speed available to a user through a network Bridge A bridge is used to connect two local area networks together Bridges are typically used to connect wireless networks to wired networks Typically bridges will transfer messages between networks only when the message destination is on the other network Messages that are destined for the same network as they originated on are not passed to the other network therefore reducing traffic on the entire network A network node procedure for proactively detecting that it can transmit a signal without risking a avoidance collision with transmissions from other network nodes Client Sta A device on a network that gains access to data information and other devices through a Server Station Access Point A spec
61. e This adds a virtual station to the device Delete Entry Delete the currently selected entry in the WDS Connections table To select a row click Button anywhere in the row with the mouse to highlight the entire row man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 43 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual WDS Connections Connection Specify the connection mode for this link AP Downlink configures the connection as a Mode virtual access point Sta Uplink configures the connection as a virtual client Point to point configures the connection as a fixed link SSID MAC AP Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual access point will use Stations connecting to this Address virtual access point use this SSID Sta Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual station will use when connecting to other access points Point to Point Mode Specify the MAC address of an Access Point to establish a Fixed link with Usually only required for third party devices Encryption Select the required Encryption if any for this WDS link Encryption Key Enter the Encryption key for WEP encryption or the passphrase for WPA encryption For WEP encryption the encryption key is set as WEP Key For Sta Mode this must match WEP Key 1 on the Access point this virtual client will connect to For AP mode clients must configure their WEP Key 1 to the same value as this key and select the Default WEP Key to be WEP Key 1 Router IP Leave this field blank if this WDS interface i
62. e or if you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be
63. e downloaded from http sourceforge net projects ipert Page 62 Dec 2009 Chapter Four 245U E Wireless Ethernet 4 3 Utilities Ping Ping is a basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular IP address exists and can accept requests Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer you are trying to reach 1s actually operating If for example a user can t ping a host then the user will be unable to send files to that host Ping operates by sending a packet to a designated address and waiting for a response The basic operation of Ping can be performed by following these steps in any Windows operating system Click on the Start Menu and select Run Type in cmd and enter you should then see the command screen come up There will be a certain directory specified unique to your own PC with a flashing cursor at the end At the cursor type the word ping leaving a space and the default IP address for the 245U E at first start up This command would be written as ping 192 168 123 123 then lt enter gt to send the ping command The PC will reply with an acknowledgement of your command and if your 245U E 1s correctly configured your reply will look something like this The screen shot below shows the response of the ping 192 168 123 123 t command ey CA WINDOWS system32 cmd exe Microsoft Windows XP Version 5 1 2600 e Copyright 1985 2661 Microsoft Corp C Documents and Settings Supp
64. e source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Program or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringemen
65. ecified transaction The Specified register will be set to O if communications is successful OxFFFF if there is no connection to the specified server or OxFFxx where xx is the Modbus Exception Code 3 17 Module Information Configuration Module Information Webpage Fields This configuration page is primarily for information purposes With the exception of the password the information entered here is displayed on the home configuration webpage of the 245U E Username Configuration of Username This is the username used to access the _ configuration on the 245U E Take care to remember this username if you change it as it will be needed to access the 245U E in future Password Configuration of Password This is the password used to access the configuration on the 245U E Take care to remember this password if you change it as it will be needed to access the module in future A text field if you wish to label the particular 245U E This is also the DNS name hostname of the device if you are using DNS 3 18 Remote Configuration Because a module configuration is viewed and changed in a web format which uses TCP IP protocol you can view or change the configuration of a remote module via the wireless link provided the remote module already have a wireless link established to the local 245U E To perform remote configuration connect a PC to the local module run Internet Explorer and enter the IP address of the remote unit or device n
66. ectronics Engineers New York www ieee org A membership organization that includes engineers scientists and students in electronics and allied fields It has more than 300 000 members and is involved with setting standards for computers and communications Infrastructure An 802 11 setting providing connectivity to an AP As compared to Ad Hoc mode whereby 802 11 mode devices communicate directly with each other clients set in Infrastructure Mode all pass data through a central AP The AP not only mediates wireless network traffic in the immediate neighbourhood but also provides communication with the wired network See Ad Hoc and AP VO Input Output The term used to describe any operation program or device that transfers data to or from a computer Internet appliance A computer that is intended primarily for Internet access is simple to set up and usually does not support installation of third party software These computers generally offer customized web browsing touch screen navigation e mail services entertainment and personal information management applications Internet Protocol A set of rules used to send and receive messages across local networks and the Internet IP telephony Technology that supports voice data and video transmission via IP based LANs WANs and the Internet This includes VoIP Voice over IP IP address A 32 bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent across the
67. encryption algorithm however each side of a single WDS link must specify the same encryption algorithm and keys Specify SSID for AP STA modes or MAC Address for Point to point mode Router IP and Subnet should be left blank unless that WDS interface is to be on a different subnet Leaving these fields blank will mean that the WDS interface will be bridged with the default wireless interface When adding WDS router interfaces you may also need to add a Routing Rule on the Routing configuration page Spanning Tree Protocol STP column only applies when two or more interfaces are bridged A maximum of 10 WDS Connections can be configured A combined maximum of 5 AP and STA virtual modules applies Page 38 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet WDS Connections are made by adding one or more Virtual Modules to an Access Point as illustrated in the diagram at the start of the section Each virtual module can be configured with one of the standard wifi operating modes Access Point or Station or a non standard Point to Point mode e Access Point and Station virtual modules allow for the possibility of dynamically created connections based on SSID and support WPA Encryption A combined maximum of 5 AP and STA virtual modules can be configured per unit e Point to point mode virtual modules provide static connections based on MAC addresses and cannot support WPA Encryption Point to point virtual modules should only be used
68. er onboard Modbus TCP Server of the 245U E that the serial device is Reset Registers on Comms Fail connected to Comms Fail Timeout sec Enable Modbus TCP Server Slave Modbus Server Device Id 1 Enable Modbus TCP Client Master The 245U E provides a configurable option to automatically reset the value of the onboard I O registers to zero in the event of a communications failure If a valid Modbus transaction directed to from a given register has not been completed for longer than a configurable timeout then the value of that register will be reset to zero An example of the Modbus functionality of the 245U E is illustrated below In this example the status of the onboard digital input at C will be reflected at the onboard digital output at B Also 8 single bit registers from Modbus serial device D will be transferred to A 192 168 0 123 192 168 0 200 Modbus TCP Device i Modbus TCP Client ID 1 Server Modbus RTU Slave Modbus RTU Slave Modbus TCP Client Mappings Add Entry Delete Entry Local IO Function Code Destination Device Server IP Response Comm Register Count Register Id Address Timeout Fail ms Register 1 4300 1 15 Write Coils v 4320 1 192 168 0 200 1000 211 8 02 Read Discretes M 1 6 192 168 0 123 1000 gt 3 1 8 15 Write Coils v 1 z 192 168 0 200 1000 Notes A maximum of 100 mappings may be configured A maximum of 25 different Modbus T
69. er Two 245U E Wireless Ethernet multi path fading effects where multiple reflected radio signals adversely affect the signal strength This can be checked by moving the antenna a short distance 10 cm or 4 inches 1f the signal increases significantly then there are multi path effects In a static installation where the radio path is not changing moving an antenna to the position of maximum signal solves this problem However where the radio path changes because the 245U E is mounted on moving equipment or if there is moving equipment in the area then the solution is to use two antennas Because the two connectors are separated the RF signal at each connector will be different in the presence of multi path fading The 245U E unit will automatically select the higher RF signal provided RX diversity has been enabled on radio config page Note that directional antennas are not normally used in plant and factory installations Another reason for using dual antenna is to improve the receiver gain All countries have a limit on the amount of transmitted power from the module and radiated power from the antenna In the US this is Watt Transmit power and 4 watts EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power A general rule of thumb when working with dB and Power is to remember that doubling the Power is a 3dB gain Therefore if we add a 6dB gain antenna to the Watt transmitter we can boost the EIRP to 4 Watts 1 watt Line of sight installatio
70. es beyond the LAN for example Internet access If there is no Gateway on the LAN set to the same address as the Access Point that is the Ethernet IP Address below Refer to section 3 13 Routing Rules for more information Checking this item enables DHCP client on the 245U E A DHCP client requests its IP address from a DHCP server which assigns the IP Address automatically For more information refer to section 3 7 DHCP Server Configuration Default is unchecked MAC Address This is the unique hardware address of the 245U E and is assigned in the Factory The 245U E has two MAC addresses one for each interface Ethernet and Wireless The Ethernet MAC is the primary MAC Address IP Address The IP address of the 245U E on its wired Ethernet Interface port and wireless Wireless Interface port This should be set to the IP address you require If the device mode is set to bridge then the wired and wireless ports will have the same IP address The IP network mask of the 245U E on its wired Ethernet Interface port and wireless Wireless Interface port This should be set to appropriate subnet mask for your system Typically 255 255 255 0 System Address ESSID A 245U E wireless network comprises modules with the same system address Only modules with the same system address will communicate with each other The system address is a text string 1 to 31 characters in length Select a text string which identifies your s
71. ess and the corresponding next hop router that messages for the specified destination will be forwarded to It is assumed that the next hop router or gateway will then deliver the data to the required destination or forward it on to another router that will 192 168 0 72 192 168 0 34 CA Ll Client Access Point Brage Bridge S 192 168 0 72 LAN A 192 168 0 34 a AO 192 168 0 73 FRS 192 168 0 74 Router Client 192 168 102 17 Router The above network diagram illustrates a situation where routing rules may need to be configured In this example the 245U E clients need only specify the Access Point as their default gateway i e they require no routing rules be configured However for the Access Point to be able to deliver traffic to LAN B and LAN C it needs to have routing rules configured that specify the respective 245U E client routers as next hop routers i e gateways to networks B and C Note that devices on LAN A should specify the 245U E Access Point as their default gateway An alternative to adding routing rules to the 245U E in this example would be for each device on LAN A that needs to communicate with LANs B and C to have independent routing rules specifying the 245U E clients at B and C as gateways to those networks The routing rules for the Access Point in the above example are shown below The first entry shows the route to LAN B The gateway for the ro
72. guration PC and 245U E are setup to communicate on the same network Set dipswitch to SETUP mode Power up unit and wait for the OK LED to cease flashing Adjust PC network settings Set Configuration PC network card with network setting of IP address 192 168 0 1 netmask 255 255 255 0 Open configuration webpage with Internet Explorer at address https 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the module s serial number When prompted for password enter default username user and password user Click Network and select Operating Mode as Access Point Select Device Mode as Bridge Change the Gateway IP Address to 192 168 0 1 Change the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses to 192 168 0 200 Change Ethernet and Wireless Subnet masks to 255 255 255 0 Enter a System Address ESSID string Select the Radio Encryption required Set dipswitch to RUN Save the changes and unit will restart with new settings Client 1 Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as the Access Point configuration with the following differences Set the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses of 245U E to 192 168 0 201 Set the Operating Mode to Client Ensure the ESSID and Radio Encryption method match the Access Point If encryption is used ensure the encryption keys or passphrase match the Access Point Client 2 Configuration As above however set the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses as 192 168 0 202 Connecting two sep
73. hapter 4 Diagnostics Line of sight paths are only necessary to obtain the maximum range Obstructions will reduce the range however may not prevent a reliable path A larger amount of obstruction can be tolerated for shorter distances For short distances it is possible to mount the antennas inside buildings An obstructed path requires testing to determine if the path will be reliable refer the section 6 of this manual Where it is not possible to achieve reliable communications between two 245U E modules then a third 245U E module may be used to receive the message and re transmit it This module is referred to as a repeater This module may also have a host device connected to it The 245U E unit has two antenna connections at the top of the module allowing for two antennas to be fitted to the module The left connector looking at the front labeled RX by default is connected only to the internal wireless receiver and the right connector labeled TX RX is connected to both the transmitter and receiver Note gt Dual Antenna Installations Most installations in industrial plants and factories use single omni directional antennas Installations can suffer from Note Each antenna port has the option to enable disable the Receive and Transmit functionality by selecting Receive and Transmit Diversity on the radio page When only one antenna is used it must be connected to the TX RX connector Page 12 Dec 2009 Chapt
74. he aerial and equipment configuration described in the 245U E Installation Guide Check with your local distributor for further information on regulations 2 Operation 1s authorized by the radio frequency regulatory authority in your country on a non protection basis Although all care is taken in the design of these units there is no responsibility taken for sources of external interference Systems should be designed to be tolerant of these operational delays 33 To avoid the risk of electrocution the aerial aerial cable serial cables and all terminals of the 245U E module should be electrically protected To provide maximum surge and lightning protection the module should be connected to a suitable earth and the aerial aerial cable serial cables and the module should be installed as recommended in the Installation Guide 4 To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled equipment all equipment should be first disconnected from the 245U E module during these adjustments Equipment should carry clear markings to indicate remote or automatic operation E g This equipment is remotely controlled and may start without warning Isolate at the switchboard before attempting adjustments 5 The 245U E module is not suitable for use in explosive environments without additional protection 6 The 245U E Operates using the same Radio frequencies and communication protocols as commercially available off the shelf equipment
75. hen there is a connection on the Ethernet port and will blink off briefly when activity is detected on the Ethernet Port The 100MB LED indicates that the connection is at 100 MBit Sec The 100MB LED will be off for 10MB Sec connection Other conditions indicating a fault are described in Chapter Four DIAGNOSTICS Page 20 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 1 Selecting a Channel 802 11b g 2 4GHz The 245U E G conforms to the IEEE 802 11b g Wireless LAN specification The 245U E G supports 13 radio channels in the range 2412MHz to 2462MHz each channel is 22MHz wide with a channel separation of 5M Only one of these channels is used for a connection The desired channel is selected and configured at the Access Point and is then used for all beacon transmissions and connections Clients scan all 13 channels for a suitable Access Point and then adopt the same channel as the AP when a connection is established Hence the channels overlap The following diagram shows the RF energy distribution for an 802 1 1b g transmission Most of the energy is transmitted on the 22 MHz wide channel configured however some energy will be transmitted on the channels either side If we ignore the side lobes and consider each 802 1 1b g message as a 22MHz wide transmission then the following diagram represents how transmissions in each channel overlaps Channels 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 2457
76. her Access Point on the same IP network WDS bridge interfaces do not require additional IP Address configuration as they are bridged with the standard wireless interface that is used for connections to associated clients All of the WDS interfaces on the one Access Point may be bridged if required WDS bridge interfaces have the advantage that redundant paths are permitted when using the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol see section 3 9 Spanning Tree Algorithm Redundancy thus behaving as a self healing mesh network Bridged networks are also not as configuration intensive as routed networks Since WDS bridge interfaces generally do not require IP address configuration they inherit the IP address of the standard wireless interface A WDS router interface allows traffic to be routed to an Access Point on a different network and therefore requires configuration of an IP address to reflect the network address of the destination network WDS router interfaces cannot provide the redundancy of bridge interfaces but can be used to reduce radio bandwidth requirements because the router can determine the destination based on IP address whereas the bridge must go through a learning phase where all broadcast traffic must be retransmitted on each interface Routed networks may also be used in some cases to avoid the overhead introduced by the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol when network loops exist Each WDS interface may also be configured with a different
77. ial cable used for networking two computers without the use of a hub Crossover cables may also be required for connecting a cable or DSL modem to a wireless gateway or access point The cable is wired so that the signals crossover connecting transmit signal on one side to receiver signals on the other CSMA CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance is a listen before talk method of minimizing but not eliminating collisions caused by simultaneous transmission by multiple radios IEEE 802 11 States collision avoidance method rather than collision detection must be used because the standard employs half duplex radios radios capable of transmission or reception but not both simultaneously Unlike conventional wired Ethernet nodes a WLAN station cannot detect a collision while transmitting If a collision occurs the transmitting station will not receive an ACKnowledge packet from the intended receive station For this reason ACK packets have a higher priority than all Crossover cable other network traffic After completion of a data transmission the receive station will begin transmission of the ACK packet before any other node can begin transmitting a new data packet All other stations must wait a longer pseudo randomized period of time before transmitting If an ACK packet is not received the transmitting station will wait for a subsequent opportunity to retry transmission CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Co
78. iguration WEP Key 1 01 00 12 1E 23 01 0D 12 1E 23 01 02 03 WEP Key 2 02 0 13 1F 24 02 0E 13 1F 24 01 02 03 WEP Key 3 03 0F 14 19 25 03 0F 14 19 25 01 02 03 WEP Key 4 104 09 15 14 26 04 09 15 14 26 01 02 03 64bit WEP requires 10 Hexadecimal digits and 128bit WEP requires 26 Hexadecimal digits For example 12 AB EF 00 56 for 64bit encryption and 12 AB EF 00 56 15 6B E4 30 C8 05 F0 8D for 128bit encryption Encryption keys must not be all zeros 1 e 00 00 00 00 00 WPA Preshared Key Configuration WPA Passphrase Save Changes man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 29 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual WPA Enterprise Supplicant Configurati d SaveChanges Save Changes andReset _ Trusted CA certificate upload This certificate belonas to the issuer of the certificate for the 802 1YRADIUS Server J Browse WPA Enterprise Authenticator Confi RADIUS Server IP Address RADIUS Server Port ae Supplicant Reauthenticate Period seconds Enable Debug O Save Changes Save Changes and Reset i 3 4 Normal Operation After addresses are configured the units are ready for operation Refer to section 1 for an explanation on the operation of a Bridge and Router Transparent Bridge Operation A bridge connects several Ethernet networks together and makes them appear as a single Ethernet network to higher protocol layers By default the 245U E is configured as a transparent bridge When a transparent bridge is st
79. iguration settings which may or may not improve the operation of the system For details on these settings refer to section 3 0 Start up Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 11 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Chapter Two INSTALLATION 2 0 General The 245U E modules are housed in a rugged aluminium case suitable for DIN rail mounting Terminals will accept wires up to 2 5 mm 12 gauge in size All connections to the module must be SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage Normal 110 250V mains supply must not be connected to any terminal of the 245U E module Refer to Section 2 3 Power Supply Before installing a new system it is preferable to bench test the complete system Configuration problems are easier to recognize when the system units are adjacent Following installation the most common problem is poor communications caused by incorrectly installed antennas or radio interference on the same channel or the radio path being inadequate If the radio path is a problem i e path too long or obstructed a higher performance antennas or a higher mounting point for the antenna may rectify the problem Alternately use an intermediate 245U E Module as a repeater The 245U E Installation Guide provides an installation drawing appropriate to most applications Further information is detailed below Each 245U E module should be effectively earthed via the GND terminal on the back of the module this is to ensure that the surge protection circ
80. isables RTS signalling as this value is larger than the maximum frame size Fragmentation Threshold Fragmentation Client Stations only The maximum transmission unit MTU of data over the radio Threshold If more than this number of bytes is input into the module it will be transmitted in more than one message or fragmented Enable Receive Diversity Enables Radio to receive on both antenna ports Enable Transmit Enables Radio to transmit from both antenna ports Module does not transmit from Diversity both ports at the same time If needed i e broadcast messages the radio will toggle transmissions between the antenna ports Interference Mitigation Interference Mitigation should only be turn on Default is Off if using Demo Whip AP only antenna s or if there is a high level of background interference By enabling this option the radio will dynamically adjust radio parameters to help mitigate interference based on any background interference It will reduce the receiver sensitivity and so should only be enabled on paths with a high fade Margin and good signal quality etc Disable SSID broadcast This should be used to prevent unwanted eavesdroppers from detecting the radio AP only network System Address SSID by passively listening to beacon transmissions from the Access Point When disabled Access Points will not transmit the System Address openly in Beacon messages This is particularly useful in unencrypted radio networ
81. ise level CAPS Capabilities Ref 802 11 Standard man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 61 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Statistics The Statistics webpage is used for advanced debugging of 245U E This webpage details the state of the 245U E and performance information This page is typically useful to ELPRO technical support personnel in diagnosing problems with the module Note that when updating the Statistics webpage it is necessary to hold down the lt ctrl gt key while pressing the refresh button Otherwise the information will not be updated Network Traffic Analysis There are many devices and PC programs that will analyse performance of an Ethernet network Freely available programs such as Ethereal provide a simple cost effective means for more advanced analysis By monitoring traffic on the wired Ethernet a better idea of regular traffic can be discovered Network Analysis programs make configuration of a filter for the 245U E a simple task Statistics OUprimz 06 25 03 we z Load average 1 31 Date sod Time Recorded iba Jan 1 06 39 08 UIC 1570 system Log ciE gt J340 0 00 40 valogd started Busvaor v1 00 c135 gt J80 06 00 40 Foot config maio Syacem Baer a 1260 D 00 40 root conf o mein RAestoring Configuracion with F t13 gt Ja0 00 00 40 roar config main IF AQ ress SET To 1572 168 D 15 1380 20 00 42 TOOT conf o mainiRestcorino Generic Brand File 00 00 40 root c
82. itional repeaters can be added using Wireless Distribution System WDS refer 3 11 Multiple AP Repeater Mesh Network for further details 192 168 0 0 255 255 255 0 man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 59 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Chapter Four DIAGNOSTICS 4 0 Diagnostics Chart LED Indicator Condition Meaning GREEN Normal Operation RED Continuously Supply voltage too low OR Internal Module Fault Fast Flash RED GREEN Slow Flash RED GREEN The green OK LED on the front panel indicates correct operation of the unit This LED turns red on failure as described above When the OK LED turns red shutdown state is indicated On processor failure or on failure during start up diagnostics the unit shuts down and remains in shutdown until the fault is rectified During Module boot up the OK LED flashes RED GREEN until the boot sequence is complete O A O A O A O A K Radio RX Radio RX TX LINK TX LINK RS 232 RS 232 O RS 485 A m O Boot Status LED Indication during Start up The OK LED indicates the status of the module during the boot up process At power on the OK LED comes on RED During kernel boot the OK LED flashes Red Green at a 1Hz rate Y2 second red Y2 second green During module initialisation the OK LED flashes Red Green at 0 5Hz rate 1 second red 1 second green When initialisation is complete the OK LED switches to green continuously If the OK LED
83. ks Bursting Selecting this option can increase the data throughput by reducing the overheads associated with wireless transmissions If communicating with a device that does not support bursting the modem will drop back to non bursting mode Passive Scanning STA Selecting this item stops a Client device from sending probe request messages when it is searching for an access point to connect to Instead the client waits for a beacon transmission from the access point only Background Scanning STA only Enabling this option will allow a modem to periodically rescan for Access Points so keep the connectivity page up to date with current system information Default is off Max Distance Configure the maximum distance the radio signal is expected to travel This allows the modem to compensate for the flight time of messages as they pass from the transmitter to the receiver and as the acknowledgement messages are returned Setting this value larger will cause a small reduction in throughput Setting this value too small will cause communications problems over longer distances Default distance is 5km Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Changes will not take effect until module is reset Save Changes and Reset Save changes to non volatile memory and reset module Page 32 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet Channel Selection 245U E G modem 2 4 GHz 802 11b g channel selection is done b
84. l port by enabling the Modbus TCP to RTU gateway at the corresponding serial port see section 3 14 Serial Port Configuration Modbus TCP Client functionality allows connections to a maximum of 25 different Modbus TCP Servers Modbus TCP Server Slave enables the 245U E to accept connections from one or more Modbus TCP Clients Masters All Modbus transactions routed to the onboard Modbus TCP Server are directed to from the onboard general Page 54 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet purpose I O registers The Modbus TCP Server is shared with the Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway so that the Modbus Device ID is used to determine if a Modbus transaction is to be routed to the onboard Modbus TCP Server or to a Modbus RTU device connected to the serial port Care should therefore be taken that all serially connected Modbus devices use a different Modbus Device ID i e Modbus Slave Address to the onboard Modbus TCP Server Up to 32 separate connections to the Modbus TCP Server are supported Modbus RTU serial Master functionality is achieved by combining the Modbus TCP Configuration Modbus TCP Client Master and Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway Simply specify a Modbus TCP Client Master connection to a Modbus TCP Server where the server is the address of any 245U E with Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway enabled Care should be taken to ensure that the Device ID i e Modbus Address of the serial device is different to the Device ID of the
85. lability check the network starts to use that channel 4 While using the channel the network s master device continuously monitors for potential interference from a radar source this is referred to as in service monitoring If interference is detected then the network master device issues commands to all other in network devices to cease transmissions The channel is added to the list of channels with radar 5 The master device then selects a new channel one that is not on the radar list 6 A channel that has been flagged as containing a radar signal either by a channel availability check or by in service monitoring 1s subject to a 30 min non occupancy period where it cannot be used by the device in order to protect scanning radars The channel on the radar list will be purged once the non occupancy period has elapsed for that channel Page 22 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the first time The 245U E has a built in web server containing web pages for analyzing and modifying the module s configuration The configuration can be accessed using Microsoft Internet Explorer version 7 or greater This program 1s shipped with Microsoft Windows or may be obtained freely via the Microsoft website If using other browsers they must be fully compliant with IE7 SSL security Note Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6 will not load web pages due to a compatibility issue between IE6 and SSL
86. ld to zero for no timeout Maximum Request Retries Enter the maximum number of request retries performed serially Enter the maximum number of simultaneous TCP connections to the server allowed man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 53 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 3 15 Digital Input Output The functionality of the shared Digital Input Output pin may be configured via the I O Transfer webpage As this pin is Shared the Digital Input status will be ON when the Digital Output is set ON Shared Digital V O Status Digital Input is Digital Output is Communications Failure Digital output action on wifi ink failure is No Action The Digital I O channel can be transferred to from another device using Modbus see section 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer or it can be configured to provide status of the module communications If the 245U E disassociates from another unit that is there is no wireless link you can configure the digital output to turn ON set or OFF drop 3 16 Modbus I O Transfer The 245U E provides Modbus TCP Client and Modbus TCP Server functionality for I O transfer 5000 x 16bit general purpose registers are provided for Modbus including the onboard Digital Input Output and are shared for both Client and Server Modbus TCP Client Master and Modbus TCP Server Slave are both supported simultaneously and when combined with the built in Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway the 245U E can transfer I O to from alm
87. le does not require any additional coaxial cable however a cable must be used with the collinear antennas Collinear and dipole antennas should be mounted vertically preferably 1 wavelength away see drawing below for distances from a wall or mast and at least 3ft 1m from the radio module to obtain maximum range 1 wavelength Wavelengths 900 MHz 330 mm 1 e 2 4 GHz 130 mm 5 WEATHERPROOF pe CONNECTORS WITH SURGE 3M 23 TAPE ARRESTOR OPTIONAL geen COAXIAL CABLE STRESS RELIEF ntenna FT LOOP MAST OOO0000 MODEM PROVIDE GOOD GROUND CONNECTION TO MAST MODULE AND SURGE ARRESTOR IF GROUND CONDITIONS ARE POOR INSTALL MORE THAN ONE STAKE Directional antennas Directional antennas can be a Yagi antenna with a main beam and orthogonal elements or O a directional radome which is cylindrical in shape or Q a parabolic antenna A directional antenna provides high gain in the forward direction but lower gain in other directions This may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with marginal radio path Yagi antennas should be installed with the main beam horizontal pointing in the forward direction If the Yagi is transmitting to a vertically mounted omni directional antenna then the Yagi elements should be vertical If the
88. llision Detection is the access method used on an Ethernet network A network device transmits data after detecting that a channel is available However if two devices transmit data simultaneously the sending devices detect a collision and retransmit after a random time delay DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol A utility that enables a server to dynamically assign IP addresses from a predefined list and limit their time of use so that they can be reassigned Without DHCP an IT Manager would have to manually enter in all the IP addresses of all the computers on the network When DHCP is used whenever a computer logs onto the network it automatically gets an IP address assigned to it org mre va esanda API NO Senio POTS DNS Domain Name Service program that translates URLs to IP addresses by accessing a database maintained on a collection of Internet servers The program works behind the scenes to facilitate surfing the Web with alpha versus numeric addresses A DNS server converts a name like mywebsite com to a series of numbers like 107 22 55 26 Every website has its own specific IP address on the Internet Digital Subscriber Line Various technology protocols for high speed data voice and video transmission over ordinary twisted pair copper POTS Plain Old Telephone Service telephone wires Encryption key An alphanumeric letters and or numbers series that enables data to be encrypted and then decrypted Page 70 Dec 2009
89. llows configuration of parameters related to the wired and wireless Ethernet interfaces In general IP address selection will be dependant upon the connected wired Ethernet device s before connecting to an existing LAN consult the network administrator A system of 245U E s must have at least one Access Point configured as a master with one or more Clients All 245U E s should be given the same System Address ESSID and Radio Encryption settings For further information and examples on wireless network topologies refer section 1 1 Network Topology above The 245U E supports several different radio encryption schemes If utilising any form of encryption all modules in the system that communicate with each other will need the same encryption method and encryption keys WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption is the weakest encryption method defined by the original IEEE802 11 standard and uses a 40bit or 104bit key with a 24bit initialization vector to give a 64bit and 128bit WEP encryption level WEP is not considered an effective security scheme and should only be used if it is necessary to interoperate with other equipment which does not support more modern encryption methods WPA Wi Fi Protected Access is a subset of the IEEE802 111 Security Enhancements specification The 245U E supports WPA 1 TKIP and WPA 2 AES using a Pre Shared Key PSK e TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol enhances WEP by using 128 bit encryption plus
90. n a Single channel Only for fixed Channels Maximum data rate up to 108Mbps No Auto Only usable with other Elpro 245U E A amp G modules configured with the same Turbo Channel If using the Turbo Mode feature all modem in the system will need to be configured with Turbo mode and the correct channel to communicate man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 31 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Transmit Data Rate The radio baud rate in Mega million bits per second Mbps for point to point radio transmissions The default value is Auto Select a fixed rate to force the radio to use the selected rate Note Increasing the Transmit Data rate will decrease the Transmit power level E g selecting 54 Mbps fixed data rate will reduce the transmit power from 400mW down to 125mW This is to comply with 802 11 regulations Beacon Interval AP This interval is the period between beacon transmissions sent by an Access Point The default value is 100 milliseconds and it may be adjusted from 50 to 4095 milliseconds only DTIM Period AP only DTIM sets which beacon frames incorporate extra information for low power sleeping client devices Normally set this to 1 RTS Threshold RTS frames can be used to help avoid radio collisions between two stations that Ready To Send cannot directly hear each other Any frame larger than RTS Threshold bytes will be preceded by an RTS message The default value of RTS Threshold is 2346 which effectively d
91. n erroneous configuration has prevented all access to the module SETUP mode can be used to restore operation man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 47 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual MAC Address Filter Configuration MAC addresses are uniquely assigned to each device and so can be used to permit or deny network access to specific devices through the use of Blacklists and Whitelists In theory MAC filtering allows a administrators to permit or deny network access to hosts associated with the MAC address though in practice there are methods to circumvent this form of access control through address modification The MAC filter entry will match only the source MAC address in the packet Note It is important to add the MAC Address of the configuration PC when creating a Whitelist If Y the configuration PC is not on the Whitelist it will be unable to communicate with the module for further configuration Blacklist will prevent all listed devices from accessing the module and using the radio link Select Blacklist or Whitelist Whitelist will allow devices with the MAC addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of Mac Address filter rules Delete Entry Enable Save Changes and Save to non volatile memory And restart to activate changes Reset IP Address Filter Configuration The IP filter allows can be used to permit or deny network
92. n the Client and Access Point check if their configurations permit them to establish a link Once the Client has been authenticated 1t will then request an Association to establish a link Status of the wireless link is indicated via the TX LINK LED For an Access Point the TX LINK LED will be OFF while no links have been established Once one or more links have been established the TX LINK LED is on GREEN For a Client the Link LED will reflect the connection status to an Access Point Link status is also displayed on the Connectivity page of the web interface After the link is established data may be transferred in both directions The Access Point will act as a master unit and will control the flow of data to the Clients linked to it Clients can only transmit data to the AP to which they are connected When a Client transfers data to another Client it first transmits the data to the AP which then forwards the data to the destined Client Presence of a link does not mean that the connected unit is authorized to communicate over radio If the encryption keys are incorrect between units in the same system or a dissimilar encryption scheme is configured the LINK led will light however data cannot be passed over the wireless network A maximum of 127 Clients may be linked to an Access Point gt How a Link connection is lost The Access Point refreshes the link status with a Client every time a message is received from that
93. nect to the 245U E your web browser will issue a warning that ELPRO is not a trusted authority Ignore this warning and proceed to the configuration web page To avoid seeing this warning in future you can install the certificate into your browser Internet Explorer 7 has an additional address check on security certificates Unless the 245U E has the address 192 168 0 100 when you first connect to the 245U E Internet Explorer 7 will issue a warning about mismatched security certificate address You can turn off this behaviour in IE7 by selecting Tools gt Internet Options gt Advanced gt Security gt Warn about certificate address mismatch Method 2 Set 245U E Network address to match the local network For this method you will need to determine what IP address Gateway address and netmask to assign to the 245U E so that it appears on your network Ask your system administrator if you don t know the correct settings for your network E g The default IP address of the 245U E modem is 192 168 0 1 and the network you wish to connect to is on 10 10 0 X PC is on 10 10 0 5 Once you have determined the correct settings for your network you need to connect to the modem s RS 232 serial port using a straight through serial cable and a terminal package such as Hyperterminal set to 115 200 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no Parity e Open Hyperterminal and monitor communications e Set the SETUP RUN switch to the SETUP position and c
94. ns In longer line of sight installations the range may be increased by using a high gain antenna on the TX RX connector However the gain should not cause the effective radiated power ERP to exceed the permitted value A second higher gain antenna can be connected to the RX connector without affecting ERP this will increase the operating range provided any interference in the direction of the link is low Antennas Antennas can be either connected directly to the module connectors or connected via 50 ohm coaxial cable e g RG58 Cellfoil or RG213 terminated with a male SMA coaxial connector The higher the antenna is mounted the greater the transmission range will be however as the length of coaxial cable increases so do cable losses The net gain of an antenna cable configuration is the gain of the antenna in dBi less the loss in the coaxial cable in dB The maximum net gain of the antenna cable configuration connected to the TX RX connector is OdB in Europe 100mW ERP In USA Canada and Australia 4W ERP the maximum gain is 10dB for the 245U E 400 or 16dB for the 245U E 100 There is no gain restriction for antennas connected to the RX connector 20dB attenuator must be fitted if radio distance is less than 33ft 10m The net gain of the antenna cable configuration is determined by adding the antenna gain and the cable loss For example if using the 245U E G a 10dBi antenna 7 8dBd with 10 meters of Cellfoil 5 6dB has
95. nsferred over the Internet VPN can work with either wired or wireless networks as well as with dial up connections over POTS VPN creates a private encrypted tunnel from the end user s computer through the local wireless network through the Internet all the way to the corporate servers and database Wide Area Network A communication system of connecting PCs and other computing devices across a large local regional national or international geographic area Also used to distinguish between phone based data networks and Wi Fi Phone networks are considered WANs and Wi Fi networks are considered Wireless Local Area Networks WLANs Wired Equivalent Privacy Basic wireless security provided by Wi Fi In some instances WEP may be all a home or small business user needs to protect wireless data WEP is available in 40 bit also called 64 bit or in 108 bit also called 128 bit encryption modes As 108 bit encryption provides a longer algorithm that takes longer to decode it can provide better security than basic 40 bit 64 bit encryption Wireless Fidelity An interoperability certification for wireless local area network LAN products based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11 standard man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 73 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Appendix C CHANNELS 802 11b Frequency North MHz America 6 2437 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NES Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 9 2452 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
96. nstalling a wireless network Site surveys are used to identify the radio and client use properties of a facility so that access points can be optimally placed SSL Secure Sockets Layer A commonly used encryption scheme used by many online retail and banking sites to protect the financial integrity of transactions When an SSL session begins the server sends its public key to the browser The browser then sends a randomly generated secret key back to the server in order to have a secret key exchange for that session Sub network or Found in larger networks these smaller networks are used to simplify addressing between numerous Subnet computers Subnets connect together through a router Switch A type of hub that efficiently controls the way multiple devices use the same network so that each can operate at optimal performance A switch acts as a networks traffic cop rather than transmitting all the packets it receives to all ports as a hub does a switch transmits packets to only the receiving port TCP Transmission Control Protocol A protocol used along with the Internet Protocol IP to send data in the form of individual units called packets between computers over the Internet While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data TCP takes care of keeping track of the packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet For example when a web page is downloaded from a web server the TCP prog
97. o connect to any WDS AP 245U E G 245U E G 240U E AP 240U E CL 240U E AP 240U E CL AP Sta ETTE EE UN x 1 Connection only if the 245U E G 1s configured with a virtual Station Client which inturn connects to the 240U E Access Point 2 Connection indication in the connectivity pages however 1t 1s not a true connection see 3 Address amp 4 Address Modes above man_245UE_VI S doc Page 37 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 3 11 Multiple AP Repeater Mesh Network Site A Site B Virtual AP Virtual Station i Virtual Client SSID Link1 WDS Link NS Station Station RE SSID Area2 SSID Areat RE Station AN Station The range of a wireless network can be extended by allowing Access Points to behave as repeaters and forward traffic to other Access Points Access Point to Access Point communications is also known as Wireless Distribution System WDS The 245U E offers very powerful WDS configuration allowing for a mesh network with self healing functionality Alternatively fixed AP to AP links can be configured for optimized throughput Each 245U E Access Point supports up to 10 separate interfaces for WDS links to other devices Each WDS interface can be either a bridge or router interface refer section 1 1 Network Topology for more information on bridge vs router If you need a simple repeater network use a bridge interface A WDS bridge interface allows traffic to be bridged to anot
98. o the next highest rate When a station connects to an access point the two devices negotiate a data rate based which is within configured range of radio data rates for both devices Select the Radio Menu to change the following configuration parameters If a change is made you need to select Save Changes to retain the changes Changes will not take effect until the unit is reset Radio Mode 245U E G support 802 1 1b and 802 11g radio standards and to limit operation to one or the other select the desired standard Normally selecting auto allows the modem to make the best choice 245U E A only supports 802 1 1a radio standard Transmit Power Level This allows adjustment of the radio power Do not set the radio power above the allowed setting for your country You can reduce the power for short range applications or to allow the use of high gain transmitter antennas while still complying with the emission requirements of your country See Appendix D for dBm to mW conversion Channel 245U E G Radio Channels to 13 may be configured at the Access Point Refer Section 3 1 Default radio channel is set to 3 245U E A Radio channels can be individually set AP only Client ignores the selection or left in Auto default and then select the appropriate U NI groups 1 2 3 4 each one having its own group of channels Maximum Power and DFS selection Turbo Mode Selecting Turbo Mode doubles the transmit data rate offered o
99. onf o main Restoring Generic product File 00 00 40 roar config main Restoring Seneric radis locale File 4 2 Testing Radio Paths The general procedure for radio range testing a link is fairly simple Configure two units to form a link using automatic radio rates Install the Access Point at a fixed location Take a laptop computer and the Client to each of the remote locations and analyse the link using the Connectivity webpage If a beacon is heard from the Access Point the Client will update its Connectivity webpage with the received signal strength of beacon messages from the Access Point If the signal is strong enough a link may be established and the Connectivity webpage of the Access Point may be opened If the link is weak the LINK led will go out and the remote Connectivity webpage of the Access Point will fail to load Using this procedure the signal strengths of units at both locations may be analysed and traffic is sent between the units whilst remote WebPages are opened Testing radio paths is generally testing the amount of data throughput that can be achieved via the radio link We can check this data throughput using a number of different software tools 1 e ftp file transfer Iperf Qcheck etc All of the above applications measure the raw data throughput and from this we can determine the amount of interference from the measured and calculated data throughput levels The preferred application is Iperf which can b
100. onnect power to the modem e Observe Hyperterminal and when you see the Elpro Dragon screen see below press lt Enter gt to get the following prompt HF man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 25 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual e Type the following ifconfig and it will show the configuration of the Ethernet port and from this you will be able to see what the IP address is e g ethO Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 12 AF FF FF FF inet addr 192 168 0 1 Bcast 192 168 0 255 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 8 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 256 e Temporarily change the IP address to something that will enable connection to your local network E g type ifconfig ethO 10 10 0 6 netmask 255 255 255 0 only add the netmask if the netmask is anything other than the standard 255 255 255 0 e IP address should now be changed and you can check by typing ifconfig again Note these changes are only temporary and if the module is reset they will go back to the normal default 192 168 0 X XX e Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the Proxy Server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools gt Internet Options gt Connections Tab gt LAN Settings gt P
101. ons Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 Sta Uplinig_ SSID_C WPA2 PSK AES Y PassPhrase D Site B WDS Configuration 1 The WDS configuration for unit B is shown above this page is accessible via the Repeaters link from the configuration web pages Site B is acting as an Access point for Site A and is a client to Site C likewise Site C is acting as an Access Point for Site B and a Client for Site D Since this example is a bridged network i e all devices on the same IP network and each link is using a different SSID there is no possibility of loops i e multiple paths to the same location therefore we do not need to incur the overhead of enabling STP bridge spanning tree protocol man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 39 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual We specify the devices at the other end of the WDS links by SSID only MAC addresses can be used to specify point to point links to third party devices which do not support meshing via SSID In this example each Virtual connection is using the same Encryption method WPA PSK AES with a key of Pass Phrase however as in example 1 the Encryption method and key can be different for each virtual link or even disabled no encryption Also the Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled as there is no possibility of network loops 3 11 2 Example Roaming with WDS Access Points Virtual AP Roaming Client SSID Sys
102. or the Supplicant data encryption keys are established and network traffic can pass Configuration of WPA Enterprise differs when the unit is configured as an Access point Authenticator or Client Supplicant If WDS interfaces are used it is possible for one 245U E to act as both an Authenticator and a Supplicant however in this situation only one set of user credentials can be entered for all Supplicants After changes are made to Network Configuration it is important to save the configuration by selecting Save Changes or by selecting Save Changes and Reset man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 27 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Network Settings Webpage Fields Used to select Access Point Infrastructure Client Infrastructure By default this is set to Client By default this is set to Bridge Checking this box enables Spanning Tree protocol in bridged networks See to section 3 9 Spanning Tree Algorithm Redundancy for more details Bridge Priority This is the priority associated with the Spanning tree protocol Use lower numbers to move this station towards the root of the Spanning Tree and use higher number here to move the station towards the leaves of the tree This is the address that the device will use to forward messages to remote hosts that are not connected to any of the local bridged network Ethernet or Wireless This is only required if the wired LAN has a Gateway unit which connects to devic
103. orks in themselves then this License and 1ts terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing sour
104. ort cd MRNDAEUMERES and Settings gt cd GC gt pin 192 168 123 123 Pinging 192 168 123 123 with 32 bytes of data 192 168 123 123 bytes 32 time 4ms ITL 255 192 168 123 123 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 255 192 168 123 123 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 255 192 168 123 123 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 255 Ping statistics for 172 168 123 123 Packets Sent 4 Received 4 Lost A Bx loss Approximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum Ams Maximum 4ms Average ims CG gt man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 63 245U E Wireless Ethernet 32 cm 1d ex Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from Reply from From from lt Sping t 192 192 168 168 172 168 123 123 Pinging 192 168 123 123 with 32 bytes of data 123 123 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 192 168 168 123 123 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 192 168 168 123 123 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 19 2 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 192 168 123 123 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32 hytes 32
105. ost any combination of Modbus TCP or RTU devices The layout of the 245U E I O Registers is summarized in the table below Each register is internally saved as a 16 bit unsigned integer value A Modbus transaction may access the entire 16 bit value of any register or alternatively the most significant bit of a register may be accessed as a discrete value The main use for the general purpose I O registers is for intermediate storage 1 e when transferring I O from one Modbus Slave device to another Also provided is the status of the onboard digital I O as well as the status of the wireless link The 16 bit status register contains the value FFFF hex for ON and 0000 hex for OFF Inverted status registers are also provided where the registers contain 0000 hex for ON and FFFF hex for OFF 1 4299 General purpose I O registers read write 4300 On board Digital Input value read only 4301 Link Status read only 4320 On board Digital Output value read write 4370 On board Digital Input inverted value read only 4371 Link Status inverted read only 4372 4999 Reserved for future use Modbus TCP Client Master enables the 245U E to connect to one or more Modbus TCP Servers Slaves All Modbus Master messages are directed to from the onboard I O registers depending on configuration described below The Modbus TCP Client may also poll Modbus RTU e serial devices connected to either the local serial port or a remote 245U E seria
106. oute is used for the Router function This is where you are joining 2 different networks together via the 245U E refer to Section 1 1 man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 65 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual The 245U E can only accept Routing table That is it can only accept one router per network of radios On the Router radio network PC a routing rule needs to entered to allow access between Network A and Network B This is entered in the command prompt as per all other instruction above Route PRINT will show all active routes on PC Route ADD will add a routing table to network route DELETE lt destination netmask gateway interface gt will delete the unwanted routing table route CHANGE modifies an existing route Ethernet IP 192 168 0 191 Wireless IP 192 168 2 51 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Ethernet IP 192 168 2 50 Wireless IP 192 168 2 50 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 Access Point Router NETWORK A NETWORK B 192 168 0 17 192 168 2 201 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 An example of a routing table is shown for the configuration below O rs arr 282550 Access Point Router Settings Network B Settings Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 IP Address 192 168 2 201 LL ELLE SL IL In the Network A PC a routing rule 1s to be set This will allow Network A amp B to have access to each other This is entered under cmd prompt Route ADD 192 168 2 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 191 This says access everything on network B 192 16
107. portant to add the Addresses of all devices connected to the 245U E wired Ethernet port that communicate over the wireless link It is particularly important to add the Address of the configuration PC to the Whitelist Failure to add this address will prevent the configuration PC from making any further changes to configuration Design of the filter may be simplified by monitoring network traffic and forming a profile of traffic on the wired network Network Analysis software such as the freely available Wireshark program will list broadcast traffic sent on the network For example in the figure below Device B needs to communicate with Device E via modems C amp D The Filtering requires that at Modem C has Device B in its Whitelist and Modem E has Device E in its Whitelist With this filtering Device A will be not be able to access Device E as Device A 1s not present in the Whitelist in Modem C If radio links are chained together to form a radio 197 168 0 71 backbone it is also important to consider the operation of 192 168 0 72 the Layer 3 Transparent Bridge Refer Section 3 4 A Access Point 245U E Client will act as a MAC Address translator as it Bridge acts as a MAC address proxy on behalf of devices connected to its wired Ethernet port Addition of 245U E LAN Client MAC addresses into intermediate 245U E units qq Whitelist filters may be required for correct operation 192169069 192 168 0 70 A B If a
108. ram layer in that server divides the file into packets numbers the packets and then forwards them individually to the IP program layer Although each packet has the same destination IP address it may get routed differently through the network At the other end TCP reassembles the individual packets and waits until they have all arrived to forward them as single message TCP IP The underlying technology behind the Internet and communications between computers in a network The first part TCP is the transport part which matches the size of the messages on either end and guarantees that the correct message has been received The IP part is the user s computer address on a network Every computer in a TCP IP network has its own IP address that is either dynamically assigned at startup or permanently assigned All TCP IP messages contain the address of the destination network as well as the address of the destination station This enables TCP IP Page 72 Dec 2009 Appendix B 245U E Wireless Ethernet LL messages to be transmitted to multiple networks subnets within an organization or worldwide 7 Voice Over Internet Protocol Voice transmission using Internet Protocol to create digital packets distributed over the Internet VoIP can be less expensive than voice transmission using standard analog packets over POTS Plain Old Telephone Service Virtual Private Network A type of technology designed to increase the security of information tra
109. remains red at power on this could indicate either low supply voltage The module will not attempt to boot until supply voltage is within range Module fault or a long boot delay To check if the boot delay is the problem plug a terminal into the RS 232 serial port and configure for 115 200 baud 8 data no parity Page 60 Dec 2009 Chapter Four 245U E Wireless Ethernet 4 1 Diagnostic Information Available Connectivity The Connectivity webpage displays connections and available networks The Connected Devices section displays the radio chamnel received signal strength and radio data rate for each Client or Access Point by their MAC Address The readings shown are based upon the last received data message from the Access Point or Client Client stations also display a list of detected Access points Site Survey including network name SSID channel and maximum data rate Note that when updating the Connectivity webpage it is necessary to hold down the lt ctrl gt key while pressing the refresh button Otherwise the information will not be updated Connected Devices AID CHAN RATE ESSI BOND CAPS a 00 23 534 1 41 6M 62 95 ESs AID Association ID Every Client gets a unique temporary ID fromthe AP RSSI Radio Signal Strength Index Amount of received signal strength SS Background interference level in dBms The amount of internal noise the radio is able to hear This level does not indicate external radio interference no
110. rom particular devices a Whitelist of Addresses must be made Alternatively to reject messages from particular devices a Blacklist of Addresses must be made Filtering applies only to messages appearing at the wired Ethernet port of the configured 245U E The Filter comprises of three lists MAC Addresses IP Address Protocol Port and ARP Filters Each list may be set as either a Blacklist to block traffic for listed devices and protocols or as a Whitelist to allow traffic for listed devices and protocols The Filter operates on four rules listed below e The MAC Address filter is always checked before the IP Address filter e If a message matches a MAC filter entry it will not be subsequently processed by the IP filter If the MAC filter list is a Whitelist the message will be accepted If the MAC filter list is a Blacklist the message will be dropped e The MAC address list checks the Source address of the message only e The IP Address filter checks both the source address and the destination address of the message If either address match then the rule is activated e ARP filtering applies only to ARP request packets typically these are broadcast packets which are sourced from the Ethernet interface and destined for the wireless interface ARP requests from devices on the wireless network will always be passed to the Ethernet interface ARP response packets will always be passed When configuring a Whitelist it is im
111. roxy Server gt bypass proxy for local addresses e Enter the IP address for the 245U E into the Internet Explorer Address bar e g http 10 10 0 6 which is the IP address you temporarily configured with the ifconfig command e Enter the username user and default password user e You should now be connected to the main index page on the modem as per figure 1 above e From here connect to the Network page and change the Ethernet Interface and Wireless Interface IP addresses to 10 10 0 6 Switch the RUN SETUP switch back to RUN and press Save Changes and Reset button Note As the modem can be setup numerous ways e g Bridge Router etc this setup will allow the modem to appear on the 10 10 0 X network Any other configuration changes can be done after this initial connection see the following sections on configuration Page 26 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 3 Network Configuration You can view or modify Ethernet network parameters by selecting the Network menu When prompted for username and password enter user as the username and user as the password in the password field This is the factory default See section 3 17 Module Information Configuration to change If you have forgotten the IP address or password the Factory Default switch may be used to access the existing configuration Refer to previous section above for this procedure The Network Configuration page a
112. rsion 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software 1s free for all 1ts users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it if you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the softwar
113. s TIL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 53ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 8ims TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54ms TTITL 12 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 55ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 355ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 7ims TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54ms TITL 128 From 192 168 123 2 hytes 32 time 165ms TIL 128 from 192 168 123 2 bytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54ms TTL 128 From 192 168 123 2 bhytes 32 time 54ms TITL 128 Ping statistics for 192 168 1235 2 Packets Sent 1586 Received 1573 Lost Approximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum S3ms Maximum 1451ims Average 13 z loss Page 64 Dec 2009 Chapter Four 245U E Wireless Ethernet Ipconfig ipconfig can be used to show your current TCP IP information including your address DNS server addresses adapter type and so on and Prompt E Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5 00 2195 lt C gt Copyright 1785 2686 Microsoft Corp ce GC Documents and Settings Support gt cd C Documents and Settingscd C ipconfig Windows 2688 IF Configuration Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection Connection specific DNS Suffix IP Address 192 168 6 17 Subnet Mask wow 255 2
114. s to be bridged with the default wireless interface Otherwise enter the IP address for this connection that specifies the IP network to which messages are routed Router Subnet Leave this field blank if this WDS interface 1s to be bridged with the default wireless interface Otherwise enter the subnet mask of the network to which messages are routed STP Applicable to WDS bridged connections only Select the STP option if you wish to enable the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol on this connection Page 44 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 12 Routing Rules When a 245U E receives an IP frame that is destined for an IP address on a different network 1t checks 1f the network address matches the network address of one of its own interfaces i e hard wired Ethernet or wireless Ethernet or WDS and forwards the frame appropriately However if the IP network address does not match the network address of any of its interfaces the 245U E will forward the frame to its default gateway In this case it is assumed that the default gateway has a valid route to the destination In some cases it is not practical to have just one default gateway 1 e routed wireless networks with more than two 245U E routers and in some cases when WDS router interfaces are used If more than one next hop router 1s required the 245U E allows for up to 30 routing rules to be configured A routing rule specifies a destination network or host IP addr
115. seconds scan monitor time that the radio must perform to check there are no Military or Commercial Radars using the same frequency If a Radar is detected the radio must select another random channel and again go through the 60 second scan monitor time 86dBm man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 33 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Throughput and Repeaters It should also be noted that 1f using repeaters to extend the range there will be a reduction in throughput for each repeater hop The following table shows the drop in throughput for each hop and for each of the channel widths Hop 4 5 3 2 3 23 4 3 2 1s OoOo BE 3 6 DHCP Client Configuration DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol allows DHCP Clients to automatically obtain their IP Address at start up This simplifies network administration as there is no need to manually configure each device with a separate IP Address The 245U E is able to act as a DHCP client To set the 245U E to acquire its IP address from a DHCP Server check the box Obtain IP Address Automatically on the Network Configuration page When configured as a DHCP Client the Device Name on the Module Information page will be the module identifier as the IP address will be unknown and so should be given a unique name 3 7 DHCP Server Configuration The 245U E is able to act as a DHCP server supplying IP addresses automatically to other DHCP Client devices Note that
116. separate 64bit Tx and Rx MIC Message Integrity Check keys e AES Advanced Encryption Standard the most secure encryption method is also based on 128 bit encryption key and is the recommended encryption method in most applications WPA Enterprise 802 1x removes the need to manage the Pre shared Key PSK by using an external server to provide client authentication Clients that are not authorized will be prevented from accessing the network Once a client has provided the correct authentication credentials access is permitted and data encryption keys are established similar to WPA PSK Fine grain user level access control can be achieved using this method An 802 1x capable RADIUS server may already be deployed in a large scale network environment The 245U E can make use of this server reducing replication of user authentication information In a typical WPA enterprise setup the 245U E Access point acts as Authenticator controlling access to the network Wireless clients 245U E s Laptops or other devices act as Supplicants requesting access to the network The Authenticator communicates with an authentication RADIUS server on the Ethernet network to verify Supplicant identity When a Supplicant requests access it sends an access request to the Authenticator which passes an authentication request to the external authentication server When the user credentials of the Supplicant are verified the Authenticator enables network access f
117. seseseorororosesosesesesssrerosoresesesesese 23 Method 2 Set 245U E Network address to match the local network cece cece cece eccecceccecceceecsceccecescetcescs 25 3 3 NETWORK CONFIGURATION ts 27 Network Settnos Webpage F161 ssa ide 28 SECUELA ate a voentie bons vis seen edes A ca cpessdineena E 29 3 4 NORMAL OPERATION seare ES A EA A nt 30 Transparent Bridee Operatoria 30 AAA e da dat ON Me eue ances 31 3 5 RADIO CONFIGURATION o da diia ent 31 Channel Seleccion dd o e Dell e a Ed do 33 Radio A TA 33 Throuehputeand Repeaters cocci cis ae ann mn da Gia oa ne de een 34 3 6 DHCP CLIENT CONFIGURATION did tl dia 34 3 7 DACP SERVER CONFIGURATION di 34 3 8 DNS SERVER CONFIGURATION tcs 34 3 9 SPANNING TREE ALGORITHM REDUNDANCY cceccecceccecccsccscescceccesccscescencesscusceccescescesccscescescessesens 35 Page 6 Dec 2009 Chapter One 245U E Wireless Ethernet 3 10 CONPATIBIEI I hi Sel ee oe de ke a nn A ie Rants al is ae pate De 36 What Addresses are in a wireless Ethernet data frame cc ccc cecceceeccscesceccecceccscesceccecceccscescescescsscscescetcescs 36 Packets between AP and Cheni iste ccadenacercesc ad ib ne niet 36 3 11 MULTIPLE AP REPEATER MESH NETWORK cccccecceccscceccecccscceccsccscscescceccsscsscseascessesscsscescescensesseess 38 ould Example Extending anse usine WD Sa di 39 3 11 2 Example Roaming with WDS Access Points rss esse 40 ld Example Addit RAA ne en aac rast A A asain Se 4
118. shown above e The routing rule for directing traffic to unit A can be seen to specify 192 168 0 0 as the destination address the network address of unit A because the last byte is zero this refers to a route to the network 192 168 0 X as opposed to a route to an individual host The same rule specifies the address 169 254 0 2 as the gateway address this is the WDS Router IP address that Site A has been configured with for its WDS link to Site B So this routing rule effectively tells the 245U E that any traffic destined for the network 192 168 0 X should be forwarded to unit A via WDS link address 169 254 0 2 e Also the routing rule for directing traffic to unit C will be similar except the Destinations IP address will be 192 168 6 0 with a Netmask of 255 255 255 0 indicating all traffic for the 192 168 6 X network will be routed trough the WDS link address 169 254 5 4 This is the WDS Router IP address that Site C has been configured with for its WDS link to Site B Units A and C would also require similar pairs of routing rules to direct traffic to the network addresses at the end points of their respective WDS links Refer to section 3 12 Routing Rules for further information on routing rules The WDS Configuration page as seen above is accessible from the Repeaters link on any of the configuration web pages The configurable WDS parameters are summarized below Add Entry Button Add an entry to the WDS Connections tabl
119. t Scan Rate Enter the delay in milliseconds between execution of consecutive Modbus TCP Client Mappings to the same Server Reset Registers on Comm s When Enabled the value in any onboard I O register will be reset to zero if a Fail valid Modbus transaction directed to from the given register has not been completed for longer than the Comms Fail Timeout Comms Fail Timeout The period of time after which onboard I O registers will be reset if a valid Modbus transaction directed at that register has not completed Modbus TCP Client Mappings on I O Transfer Menu Enter the starting onboard I O register number that the specified Modbus Master transaction will transfer I O to from Specify the number of consecutive I O register to be transferred for the specified transaction Function Code Specify the Modbus Function Code for the transaction Destination Register Enter the starting I O register number in the destination device that the Page 56 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet SS ae specified Modbus Master transaction will transfer I O to from Enter the Modbus Device ID of the destination Modbus device Server IP Address Specify the IP Address of the destination Modbus TCP Server for the specified transaction Response Timeout Enter the timeout in milliseconds to wait for a response to the specified transaction Comm Fail Register Enter the onboard I O Register number to store the communication status of the sp
120. t of an Ethernet network Each 245U E must be configured as an O Access Point or Sta Station Client Also needs to be configured as a Ethernet Ethernet Device Device Q Bridge or Router You can also connect to the 245U E via a RS232 or RS485 serial port using serial server or PPP point to point protocol PPP allows the 245U E to connect serial communications into the Ethernet network Page 8 Dec 2009 Chapter One Access Point vs Client 245U E Wireless Ethernet The Access Point unit acts as the wireless master unit The Access Point accepts and authorises links initiated but client units and controls the wireless communications Clients Stations are slave units and when connected to the Access Point becomes transparent ethernet link The first diagram shows a connection between two Ethernet devices using 245U E ethernet modems In this example one 245U E is configured as an Access Point and the other as a Client the Access Point can be connected The second diagram shows an existing LAN being extended using 245U E s In this example the Access Point should be configured at the LAN end although the wireless link will still work 1f the Client is at the LAN end An Access Point can connect to multiple Clients In this case the Access Point should be the central unit An Access Point could be used as a Repeater unit to connect two 245U E Clien
121. t or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agreement or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it 1s up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distrib
122. tem_SSID Virtual Station O on Virtual Station s Bridge L_ Virtual Station SSID SSID_A B WD SSID SSID_A B Site A Site B Site C Another common use for WDS is extending the range across a large wireless network but allowing roaming connections between access points or being able to switch to the next Access Point when out of range of the previous Access Point The diagram above shows a bridging network with a number of Access Points all with the same SSID network structure etc so as the Stations can freely roam between Access Points Each Access Point then needs a separate connection to the next Access Point which is done using the WDS Virtual Access Points or Stations Site B is acting as a Virtual AP for Site A amp C which in turn are acting as Virtual Stations This setup can be replicated to extend the range and will allow any Roaming Stations full connectivity across a network WDS Connections Connection Mode SSID MAC Address Encryption Encryption Key Router IP Router Subnet STP 1 AP Downlink Y SSID_A B WPA2 PSK AES y PassPhrase v Site B WDS Configuration 2 3 11 3 Example Adding Redundancy In the example below 4 x Access Points A B C amp D form a mesh network using only WDS bridge interfaces Each of the Access Points may also have its own clients associated Each Access Point is configured with a different SSID meaning the clients associated with each Ac
123. the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALTTY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 INNO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
124. the section 3 12 Routing Rules e The second WDS entry above specifies a WDS link from Site B as a virtual Access Point interface and like the WDS link to Site A we use a different Router IP address 169 254 5 X than the default interface Note that this network address is also different to that used for the WDS link to Site A so that these separate WDS interfaces are not internally bridged In addition the WDS link to unit A a routing rule is added to direct traffic destined for the network address of unit C 192 168 6 x e The third WDS entry above specifies the WDS link to Site D In the example Site D is part of the same network structure as Site B therefore we wish to have the WDS interface link to Site D bridged with the default interface Because we don t specify a router IP address for the third entry the 245U E automatically bridges this interface with the default wireless interface So in this example Site B has a total of three IP addresses 192 168 5 3 for the default interface 169 254 0 3 for the WDS link to Site A and 169 254 5 3 for the WDS link to Site C Note We choose to always use the same host address of 3 for unit B on all of its interfaces regardless of the network address Routing Rules Add Entry Delete Entry Name Destination Netmask Gateway Enabled l Route to Site A 192 168 0 0 255 255 255 0 169 254 0 2 2 Route to Site C 192 168 6 0 255 255 255 0 169 254 5 4 The routing rules for unit B are
125. to make the device visible on the network In this process the 245U E pretends that it holds the IP address on the network and responds on behalf of the remote device The result of this is similar to bridging for a single device with some exceptions One of these exceptions is the inability to handle name server searches of the network via this serial link For example you would encounter difficulty if you were to use Windows Explorer over the serial link to find a PC on the wired network For this to operate correctly you must explicitly map computer names to IP addresses in the LMHOSTS file on your PC To configure Windows XP to establish a PPP connection to a 245U E in SETUP mode follow these steps 1 On Network Connections in Windows XP select Create a new connection 2 On the New Connection Wizard click Next 3 Set up an advanced connection 4 Connect directly to another computer 5 Set PC as guest 6 Set Connection Name 7 Selecta COM port 8 Select availability 9 Click Finish 10 Select properties of this new connection by right clicking on connection 11 General Tab click on Configure button 12 Ensure maximum speed is 115200bps click OK 13 Select Networking Tab click on Internet Protocol TCP IP in list box and then click Properties button 14 On Properties form click Advanced button 15 On Advanced TCP IP Settings form General Tab uncheck field in PPP link stating Use IP header compression
126. ts which do not have direct reliable radio paths There is no Special repeater module any 245U E can be a repeater and at the same time can be connected to an Ethernet devices or on a LAN Access Point Client Man_245UE_V1 5 doc Client Ethernet Device Access Point Bridge Internet Access Ethernet Devices Multiple Access Points can be set up in a mesh network to provide multiple repeaters Page 9 245U E Wireless Ethernet Bridge vs Router User Manual Access Client Each 245U E is configured with an IP address for the Ethernet side and another for the wireless side A Bridge connects devices within the same Ethernet network for example extending an existing Ethernet LAN For a Bridge the IP address for the wireless side is the same as the Ethernet side A Router connects devices on different LAN s The IP addresses for the Ethernet and wireless sides are different In this example the wireless link 1s part of LAN A with the Client unit acting as a Router between LAN A and LAN B 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72 Access Point Client Bridge Access Point Bridge Client Router 192 168 0 34 Se 192 168 102 17 Alternately the Access Point could be configured as a Router the wireless link 1s then part of LAN B Page 10 192 168 102 54 192 168 102 53 Access Point Client Router Bridge 192 168 0
127. uch as possible If necessary create a temporary separate radio network to perform the upgrade to remote modules Please refer to the Web based Upgrade section for the upgrade procedure Web based Upgrade Web based firmware upgrade is available from the System tools page by selecting firmware upgrade Firmware upgrade is performed by uploading a patch file which is specific to the currently installed firmware version If the device firmware version has fallen multiple versions behind the desired version 1t may be necessary to upload multiple patch files Once the patch files are uploaded reset the module to perform the firmware upgrade You will receive more detailed instructions if it is necessary to upgrade the module firmware Firmware Upgrade Firmware upgrade may be performed using this page Firmware upgrades may be made using the radio network Note that the unit must be reset before the new firmware is apphed DO NOT DISCONNECT POWER UNTIL FIRMWARE UPGRADE IS COMPLETE If programming fails a manual firmware upgrade may have to be performed locally to restore normal operation Upgrade will take approximately 1 minute f connected directly via wired ethernet lt may take longer if programmed remotely using the radio network depending on the current radio baud rate Performing an upgrade via a poor radio path is not recommended ee oe man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 69 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Appen
128. uits inside are effective 2 1 Antenna Installation The 245U E module will operate reliably over large distances however the achievable distances will vary with the application radio model type and location of antennas the degree of radio interference and obstructions such as buildings or trees to the radio path The maximum range achievable depends on the radio model the regulated RF power permitted in your country and whether you use separate transmit and receive antennas e If using a 245U E G 2 4GHz with a single antenna 10 km 6 miles can be achieved in USA Canada and Australia 4W EIRP and 2km in Europe 100mW EIRP e If using a 245U E A 5 GHz with a single antenna 5 km 3 miles can be achieved in USA Canada and Australia 1W EIRP and 3km in Europe 500mW EIRP however more care is needed in selecting antenna s coax as well as radio paths need to be complete line of site No obstruction what so ever To achieve the maximum transmission distance the antennas should be raised above intermediate obstructions so the radio path is true line of sight The modules will operate reliably with some obstruction of the radio path although the reliable distance will be reduced Obstructions which are close to either antenna will have more of a blocking affect than obstructions in the middle of the radio path The 245U E modules provide a diagnostic feature which displays the radio signal strength of transmissions refer C
129. ules to reduce potential RFI It is important to maintain the polarity of the two RS485 wires An RS485 network should be wired as indicated in the diagram below and terminated at each end of the network with a 120 ohm resistor On board 120 ohm resistors are provided and may be engaged by operating the single DIP switch in the end plate next to the RS485 terminals The DIP switch should be in the 1 or on position to connect the resistor If the module is not at one end of the RS485 cable the switch should be off RS485 CONNECTIONS Shorter runs of 485 cable may not require the termination resistors to be enabled Page 16 Dec 2009 Chapter Two 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem 1200 Wireless Ethernet HOST HOST HOLIMS did LINV4AAC LANYSHLA DOC YOs OLIMS did ETHERNET B SCOMDIO O HUE RS 485 SUPPLY 0 Man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 17 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual 2 4 Discrete Digital Input Output The 245U E has one on board discrete digital I O channel This channel can act as either a discrete input or discrete output It can be monitored or set remotely or alternatively used to output a communications alarm status If used as an input the I O channel is suitable for voltage free contacts such as mechanical switches or NPN transistor devices such as electronic proximity switches PNP transistor devices are not suitable Contact wetting current of approximately 5mA is provided
130. us TCP Client Master to communicate with a serial Modbus RTU Slave The 245U E makes this possible by internally performing the necessary protocol conversion The conversion is always performed by the 245U E which is directly connected to the Modbus serial device 1 e only this module needs to have Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway enabled Client Access Point RS232 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway Modbus RTU Modbus TCP Slave Client Master The above example demonstrates how a Modbus TCP Client Master can connect to one or more Modbus RTU 1 e serial Slaves In this example the 245U E Access Point is configured with the RS232 Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway enabled Once enabled the gateway converts the Modbus TCP queries received from the Master into Modbus RTU queries and forwards these over the RS232 port to the Slave When the serial response to the query arrives from the Slave it is converted to a Modbus TCP response and forwarded via the network to the Modbus TCP Master If no response was received serially by the 245U E within the configured Response Timeout the 245U E will initiate a number of retries specified by the configured Maximum Request Retries The Modbus TCP to RTU Gateway may be configured to operate on either the RS 232 or RS 485 port Page 52 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet Serial Menu RS232 RS485 Serial Port Configuration Select the desired functionality Select either PPP Seri
131. ute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program 1s restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among man_245UE_VI1 5 doc Page 79 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as 1f written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of
132. ute to LAN B is configured as the wireless IP address of the 245U E client connected to LAN B The destination for the route is configured as the network address of LAN B Because the host id of the destination IP address is 0 it specifies a network address Consequently any traffic received at the Access Point with destination IP address 169 254 109 x where x is any host id will be forwarded to the 245U E at LAN B man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 45 245U E Wireless Ethernet User Manual Devices on LAN B amp LAN C that needs to send messages back to LAN A will need to have their Gateway addresses directed to the 245U E on their respected networks I e a LAN B device needs to send data back to LAN A The Gateway address will need to be configured as 169 254 109 40 as this 1s the IP address of the wired side of the LAN B 245U E Any message coming in with a 192 168 0 X IP address will be directed across the wireless interface to LAN A The Routing Rules configuration page can be accessed by selecting the Routing link on any of the configuration web pages Up to 30 routing rules may be added to each 245U E The table below summarizes the configurable parameters of a routing rule Use Routing Rules to configure the next hop router to use for a given destination host or network address Routing Rules Name Destination Netmask Gatewav Enabled 1 Route to LAN B 169 254 109 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 74 iw 2 Route to LAN C 169 254 102 0 255
133. with 5 MHz channel spacing from the available 13 starting with the first channel centered on 2 412 GHz Some limitations depending on country see Appendix C for channel selections Note that regulations in North America permit 11 x 2 4GHz channels and Europe permits 13 x 2 4GHz channels The 245U E A uses a 5 GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS wireless transceiver and users must select appropriate channel transmit power etc allowable in that country Please check with your ELPRO representative for the permitted channel usage in your country See Appendix C for channels selections The 245U E unit also provides two serial connections as well as the Ethernet connections It is possible to use all three data connections concurrently allowing the 245U E to act as a Device Server Wireless connections can be made between serial devices and Ethernet devices The 245U E provides connection functionality between serial Modbus RTU devices and Ethernet Modbus TCP devices Appropriate driver applications will be required in the host devices to handle other protocols The 245U E has a standard RJ45 Ethernet connection which will operate at up to 100Mbit sec The module will transmit the Ethernet messages on the wireless band at rates between and 54 Mbit sec amp 6 and 54 Mbit sec depending on model band encryption methods and radio paths 1 1 Network Topology The 245U E is an Ethernet device and must be configured as par
134. y changing the IP address in the 245U E via an RS232 connection such that it is accessible on your network without having to change your PC network settings When connected you can change the modem network settings to match that of your network Method 1 Set PC to same network as 245U E Connect the Ethernet cable between unit and the PC configuring the module e Set the Factory Default Switch to the SETUP position This will always start the 245U E with Ethernet IP address 192 168 0 1 XX subnet mask 255 255 255 0 gateway IP 192 168 0 1 and the radio disabled Do not forget to set the switch back to the RUN position and restart the module at the conclusion of configuration for resumption of normal operation e Power up the 245U E module e Open Network Settings on your PC under Control Panel The following description is for Windows XP earlier Windows operating systems have similar settings man_245UE_V1 5 doc Page 23 245U E Wireless Ethernet Open Properties of Local Area Connection Select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click on Properties On the General tab enter IP address 192 168 0 1 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 and press OK Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the Proxy Server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools gt Internet Options gt
135. y selecting one of the 13 channels from the drop down Channel list 245U E A modem 5GHz 802 11a channel selection is shown below Channel AP Only Select the channel group s to use for Auto selection below Channel Group 1 5 150 5 250GHz Channels 36 40 44 48 Channel Group 2 5 250 5 350GHz F Channels 52 56 60 64 DFS Channel Group 3 5 470 5 725GHz Channels 100 104 108 112 116 120 124 128 132 136 140 DFS Channel Group 4 5 725 5 825GHz Channels 149 153 157 161 165 Turbo Mode Data Rate x 2 L Requires a fixed Turbo Channel You can select an individual channel from the list keeping in mind that the channel will have some transmit and or DFS constraints as indicated in Section 3 1 Selecting a Channel and Appendix C If using the Auto mode you will need to select the appropriate groups that you wish to use and the modem will automatically select an available channel within the groups selected gt Radio Throughput Below is a table showing the maximum data throughput based on channel selection and receiver signal level Throughput is based on TCP IP and there are three channel Bandwidths 20M 10M amp 5M These throughput estimations are based on perfect radio conditions 1 e little to no outside radio interference present while data is being passed Note some of the Groups use DFS Dynamic Frequency Selections and if using these DFS channels you need to be aware that there will be a minimum 60
136. ystem Desired BSSID To force a client station to always connect to the same Access Point enter the MAC address of that Access Point in the Desired BSSID field Note that the ESSID of the Access Point must also match the configured ESSID of the client Radio Encryption Select the desired radio Encryption level Default Gateway Obtain IP Address Automatically Encryption key passphrase etc is entered on the Security Menu See section below for details Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Reset Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot 245U E Once the module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect Page 28 Dec 2009 Chapter Three 245U E Wireless Ethernet Security Menu Select the Radio Encryption level from the drop down menu on the Main index page and then press the Save Changes button Available encryption levels are None WEP 64 bit WEP 128 bit WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES WPA2 PSK AES WPA PSK WPA2 PSK amp WPA Enterprise The default setting is None IP Address IP Subnet Mask System Address SSID Desired BSSID Radio Encryption None Fl Configure on Security Page Save changes You will now need to go to the Security Menu and enter in the encryption keys WEP passphrase WPA etc WEP Conf

User Manual 245U-E Wireless Ethernet & Device Server

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User Manual 245U-E Wireless Ethernet &amp; Device Server

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User Manual 245U-E Wireless Ethernet & Device Server