eqWave User Manual - Seismology Research Centre
Contents
1. 0 0000001 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 00000001 etc ROYM c02 A unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 0 00000006 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 00000006 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 ROYM c03 A unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 00000001 0 00000005 0 00000006 00000002 0 00000004 0 0000000 00000001 0 0000000 0 00000003 00000002 00000002 ROYM c04 B unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 0 0006574 0 0002623 0 00049667 0 0001947 0 0003767 0 0005482 0 00014834 0 00001837 0 000075560 0 00019513 0 00042388 24 ROYM c05 B unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 0 0007563 0 0006263 0 0002468 0 00039259 0 00039779 0 0003976 0 00029381 0 00016904 0 00036140 0 00011705 0 0004548 ROYM c06 B unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 0 00000194 0 00035027 0 0010950 0 0002216 0 0002216 Q 00016311 0 0000500 0 0006219 0 0001956 0 00012152 0 00029308 fs1tename Fcomponent fauthor1ty year month day hour minute second sampLes per second number of samples SYNC le 3 Save Screenshot Screenshot of a merged file from a laptop screen above and the same 2 f n ami E CN e Although most computers have a screenshot feature e2. E Korumburra recordings and then use the File gt Merge command which Name A Date Modified will take you to the folder containing the file you E 2009 03 06 0955 31 DROM dmx gz Friday March 6 2009 8 58 PM gz Friday March 6 2009 8 59 PM just opened In this file browser window select H 2009 03 06 0955 52 CCRM dmx gz__ Friday March 6 2009 8 58 PM MM 2009 03 06 0955 54 DTMM dmx Friday March 6 2009 8 58 PM Hi 2009 03 06 0955 58 MIKA dmx gz Friday March 6 2009 9 01 PM a of the fi les you wish to merge USI Ng you r 2009 03 06 0956 02 HOPM dmx gz Friday March 6 2009 9 01 PM 2009 03 06 0956 03 FRTM dmx gz Friday March 6 2009 8 57 PM 2009 03 18 0527 59 KORUM dmx Thursday March 19 2009 9 24 AM multi select file system shortcuts usually Shift h D series dmx gz Friday March 6 2009 8 57 PM E Echo dmx gz riday March 6 ee blog are 2000 6255 Fa 38 Command or Option clicking and proceed File Format All Files using the Open button Cancel Open As long as all of the files are within a 24 hour time period they will be merged onto a common time line grouped by site code in alphabetical order 908 eqWave V3 2 File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels RJA LAA lS PS Other MAX 0 00 Syne 1 1641 35 00 12 0 012 sorna 1755 7 75pm s lt 03 CCRM D Up 1 Vv A 4958 I Js Sums CONM D Up 1 V A l 381 0 0001 CONM D Lip
3. eqWave 3 SEISMIC WAVEFORM ANALYSIS 141 Palmer Street Richmond VIC 3121 Australia T 61 3 8420 8940 eqSupport src com au Table of Contents HISTON lt Wiiid The Kelunji Seismic Recorder ccccccccccnccnococonnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnanananas 1 Data EQ MAS e a 1 Installing CO WAVE az Java RUNIME EnvrOn Menta 2 ADplIcation INStalMe a a Ol 2 EOWAVe WIIdOWisss oscila policies 2 What s NeW m CQWaVC iii aia a CQWave 3 Features ii A aa 3 Fll HandlndO iii Opening and Closing Files aio o 4 Browsing PICS iiaicii a a e aaa a RAN RNE 4 Pile lts a dd E 4 MERGING Fles a a 5 Channels Meno Merged Fe ciaa duce sentdarweonienateodeuseswentas 6 Maximise and Minimise ChanmnelS occccccccccccccnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnrnnnnnannnns 6 Channel Informatio weiss dias 7 Screen Elements NENA BERR RB RRR RP RR RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RR RRR RR RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RRR RRP eR eR eee eee eee eee 8 Controls Me o a 200 MIND a 10 PINC ZOOM lt FMEN oia 10 SWIDE ZooM Mene aaea a e a a E E a a A adstaouyuaied 10 AMP o E A E 10 REVES AA A a AN AS 10 SEFOMINO the TIMGMUNG cionado 10 USING the Syne feature nr dida 11 PICKING APPIVA S mi LL TS P Wave cu A A A aa 12 THE S WaVe cui iaa 12 EXPected arrival UMES sico araka aa aa aaa aaa 13 Estimating M gntu ude ai a a a aa EEA 14 Ot er AGRIV ANS uta ao a a aa r aa a E 15 Arrivals Menu cosa aaa DISDIAY Men ici a O ZECO C O ico asian
4. A V A 4 1 31 2pm s DRO D r03 V A RIM i FSHM u ELE 6 14um4 s JENMA D Up V A 1642 30 1643 2013 05 01 1643 01 0 Channels Menu Merged Files When you are displaying a merged file the site codes are listed in lower section of the channels menu By selecting a site from this menu you can view just this site in the eqWave window If you wish to return to viewing all sites use the Channels All menu command If you wish to view only the vertical channels to quickly pick arrivals from all of your sites use the Channels gt Vertical menu command This will show all vertical channels for each site typically channels 3 6 9 and or 12 anno eqWave V3 3 Moe few sites dmx File Edit Controls Display Arrivals BA O 4 4 Channel Info 1 Magnitude 5 6 le e gt All e gt Y Vertical P S X Other CCRM CONM CETH COTT DROM DTMM GOGM GOOG HOPM IVSM JENM 73yr KORUM i ee MLWM e O s TOMM TPND oH lt oHe lt off ns i cools A dd tc NN iio Distance 144km ML34 Up 1 Vig o o eli SA A i issum E y een A Aragi P lane 241 km MLS2 i a D EFA Zy X ter B em _ a iN NED Pervert veer Aina Distance 253km MLGO 1053 A at 1055 Maximise and Minimise Channels To view a channel full screen use the small icon at the top of the Y axis bar for that channel and then the icon to go back When all channels
5. T 2009 03 06 0955 31 00 4 2 0 121 emis Magnitude 4 8 Lg i fr pA I epi o meaner AX AIN e itnnatinnoesniananananeaonanan enan D V A one 5 T ta i Distance Sikm ML4 3 ot Aral ivi a MAA A on ZSX DURO is 1 diaa A mm E SX Nos And ENANA A A A DROM laid is j UNA i A i i psisit ar 1561 57 131 00 0956 x scm ahr 9 03 06 0956 32 As soon as a P and S wave is marked eqWave uses the wave velocities from the settings and calculates a distance to the earthquake If the ground motion data is included in the data as it is for PC SUDS files but not in MiniSEED eqWave will calculate the peak displacement on the vertical channel and then produce a local Richter magnitude estimate 11 The P wave The first earthquake energy wave to arrive at a seismograph is the P or Primary wave As such they are generally easy to pick as there is usually a clear difference between the background noise and the earthquake arrival The P wave is usually most obvious on the vertical channel of a sensor as it is pulsating in the direction of travel up to the surface As you can see from the screenshot above the first vertical marker appears to be before the first arrival but by zooming in we can see the P much more clearly A Ep The S wave The next major earthquake energy wave to arrive at a seismograph is the S or Secondary wave It is also known as t
6. file format When you save your seismogram as a text file it will be in a format that can be easily read by any text or data processing program It contains a header that describes the Arrivals contained in the a section that describes the time series data in the file followed by the raw data Any arrival information contained in the seismogram will be listed in the first section Each arrival will have its own column detailing the site name arrival type and time The next section describes the raw data one channel per column This includes the site name channel name the date and time of the first data point or sample and how many samples there are per second As you may have merged data of differing sample rates there may be a variable number of rows per column for a given time period The final row before the data points indicates the units of the data which could be metres m metres per second m s metres per second squared m s s etc The data is then displayed in these units one sample per row All data is saved with zero offset correction ROYM p 20090306 0955 54 400 0 100 sitename onset first motion phase year month day hour minute second uncertainty in seconds peak ampLitude frequency at P phase TIME SERIES ROYM c01 A unnamed 20090306 0955 34 000 100 6100 0 000 0 0000000 00000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 0 0000000 00000001
7. or key will zoom the amplitude up or down by a factor of 2 Revert To return to the original waveform display reverting to the entire time line and the full A amplitude scale use the icon or the Home shortcut key Scrolling the Timeline The timeline can be scrolled horizontally using the and 4 icons or the Left and Right arrow keys With each tap of the icon or key the timeline will step back or forward by 25 of the displayed zoom level 10 Using the Sync feature Older instruments did not use GPS and relied on internal clocks for timing Clock errors can be compensated for by time shifting data using the sync feature Values from O to 30 seconds shift the data back in time and a sync of 30 to 60 seconds will shift data forward Picking Arrivals The main function of eqWave is to pick earthquake wave arrival times on the recordings to allow the determination of the location and magnitude of the earthquake using eqFocus The intricacies of recognising and picking wave arrivals will not be discussed here but we will cover the basics of picking P and S waves and estimating magnitudes To mark an arrival time click and drag the cursor to the point of interest and release then click on the P icon or hit the P key Similarly an S can be marked using the icon or S key ano eqWave V3 3 2009 03 06 0955 31 DROM dmx gz File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels RIA ME Se PS Other max 0 00
8. that it will print up to 9 channels per page to the maximum scale to fill the page Close and Quit Close the eqWave window using File gt Close or W to return to an empty eqWave window Use this command again or File gt Quit or Q at any time to quit eqWave 25 Other SRC Software Products Quick Quake for iPad eqServer is the ultimate earthquake data management tool With a completely web based user interface you can easily view the state of health of your network stations view realtime data review old data from all stations by hour or per station by day extract waveform and event data and generate automatic earthquake alert bulletins Quick Quake is the SRC s free iPad app that can access eqServer earthquake alert bulletins and allows users to manually locate earthquakes using a totally new and extremely simple method Download it today for free from the iPad App Store and use the demo data to see how easy it is eqFocus afocus 4 1 2012 06 19 1053 Mos MLSE Ray 1 pa File Edit Tools Database Help Default database Location rival pata PETE uncerainties Model Magnitudes Comments Summary Finalize Wadati Pior POOG 29 171 a Longitude 146 2698 eqFocus is the perfect partner to eqWave Ta E With data from three or more seismograph stations you can pass arrival times and amplitudes from eqWave to eqFocus and let it do the location and magnitude calcu lations for you You
9. the latter required because eqWave can store arrivals from many sites in the same file 608 eqWave V3 0 0 EchoPro dmx gz File Edit Controls Display MES Channels H A D a 4 4 Copy Arrivals Cc N N ca Time Site Phase x 2009 03 06 0955 54 326 ROYM P Gao ECRO O GE P S x 2009 03 06 0956 07 260 ROYM S x 2009 03 06 0956 10 480 ROYM MAX 159362 0 2 Hz PC SUDS 151 117249 798um s Hy AMMA roo cc ROYM c0l D gt lt oli 141806 965ym s ROYM c02 gt lt Oli 159308 1 09mm s ROYM c03 gt lt Uli 2983 0 00169 ROYM c04 gt lt Ol 2838 0 00159 ROYM c05 gt lt oii 3347 0 00189 ROYM c06 gt lt oii P 54 33 0956 30 2009 03 06 0955 34 0 2009 03 06 0956 35 If you wish to remove an Arrival from the list click the red X next to the Arrival and its marker will disappear from the main window Be aware that this action cannot be undone Use C or select the top item in the Arrivals menu to copy the list of arrivals to the clipboard which can be pasted into eqFocus sold separately for more accurate earthquake location and magnitude determination Display Menu DEJEN Arrivals Chann Zero Correction gt Amplitude Grouping The Display menu is used to modify the way the waveform data Acceleration Units Pressure Units gt Y Show S minus P eqWave is in the Display gt About item Show STA LTA Sort by About
10. 1053 00 00 0 7795 0 011 uns m a E ae _ nto lt Zr X ly abii ad If you have picked at least one P arrival the site with earliest P time is considered the closest station to the earthquake and using the embedded lat long of each station eqWave can sort by distance from the closest station Simply set this sort preference by going to Display gt Sort by gt Distance from Closest Site and then press the Sort button to re order sites see image below left If you pick an earlier P time on a different station you will need to hit the Sort button again no OREA gt LA c SS O j cl f nl cm pc ll c 4 Staines NA L sadn TAAN Similarly you can choose to re sort channels by P arrival time so that the sites appear in order of distance from the earthquake Sites that have no P time picked will appear below those that do in alphabetical order If eqFocus is active sites with no P picked will be sorted using the expected P arrival time see image above right 18 STA LTA As mentioned earlier the yellow line that appears on each channel is the STA LTA ratio which is how a recorder using STA LTA triggering will see the data STA stands for Short Term Average and LTA for Long Term Average This is the average signal level over a short time period e g 2 seconds compared to the average signal level over a longer time period e g 20 seconds The ratio of the STA lev
11. 3 3 eqWave s settings Preset Filter Settings have been unified into a single screen This 2 0 to 30 0 includes the STA LTA settings the Preset Lo Freq High Freq Filter settings the Time Zone preference Time Zone Display Settings and a new setting that allows custom P and a 10 0 hours 0 S wave velocities used to calculate E Custom Offset File Offset distance Distance Calculation STA LTA Settings 6 04 km s 3 59 km s P velocity S velocity As discussed in the previous section a user can modify the STA LTA settings to help tune OK Cancel a recorder s trigger routine After changing one of the five settings click the Apply button to see the effect on the yellow STA LTA ratio plot on the waveforms Preset Filter The next section discusses filtering You can set the frequency range of your preset filter in the eqWave Settings screen Signals above the High Frequency will be removed as will signal below the Low Frequency setting Once defined these values are displayed in the light blue box in the top right corner of the eqWave control panel Time Zone Display The Kelunji EchoPro can be set to use local time rather than UTC This is defined as a UTC Offset in the recorder and is used in the file names By default eqWave displays data in UTC time but you can choose to display data using the time offset in the file to see data plotted in Local Time Alternatively you can get eqWave to always display
12. DS 151 data is only filtered for display purposes Preset and Custom filters A user will typically be interested in a particular frequency band so eqWave allows the definition of a Preset band pass filter eqWave also allows the user to set a variable frequency band filter by typing values into the dark blue Custom filter box located below the light blue box Type in the frequency range of the signals you wish to display Setting and Clearing filters To apply a filter to a channel simply click on the light blue or dark blue tick at the top right corner of the channel display area which will apply the Preset or Custom filter respectively Once a filter has been applied to a channel the pass band is written in text to the left of the light blue filter tick so that you are aware that the data displayed has been filtered To clear the filter and return to the original channel data click on the red cross To apply the Preset Custom or Clear filter to all channels in the eqWave window you can select the relevant item in the Edit menu or the G H or J shortcut keys respectively In eqWave 3 3 these items no longer require the key to be used to improve review speed 21 Automatic filters on unit converted data You may notice that when you convert from Acceleration to Velocity or Displacement and when you convert from Velocity to Displacement that the unit converted data has been filtered to drop 5 or 10 of the frequency
13. are shown use the icon to hide that channel from view To restore any hidden channels use the Channels menu to show All or Vertical channels or the channels of a specific site Channel Information Once you click on a channel it will be highlighted in yellow to show that information relates to this channel e g the frequency spectrum display or channel information display When you select Channels gt Info a window will pop up displaying extra information about this channel and the site File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels a a E E e MAX Magnitude 0 0 30 0 Hz Sort Preset Filter 20 to v Other 60 00 Sync Hz Custom Filter ico 10 0 PC SUDS 151 NAZAS AA 2012 06 19 1053 00 09 81 0 129 um s CAT a a 30 JENM Tran Up Properties 7 62mm s Comment ag Name JENM O P 32 63 Group Tran 24 5mm MOON Channel Up u Instrument SOH em ke P 33 97 Start Time 2012 06 19 1053 00 000 Battery Voltage 13 79V 21mn Total Storage 976Mb 1 2 D g KORUM Sync 60 0000 Storage Free 99 c03 A Temperature 12 C A P 36 56 Samples Per Sec 100 00 IP Address 0 0 0 0 31845 8 47mn D X Instrument Information TOMM Counts Per Volt 314572 7500 Sync Time 2012 06 19 1053 c03 V Time OK Unknown A ig Volts Per Unit 2000 0000000000 E leia 182188 Ea ane Sample Sec 100 762yn Counts Volts 314572 75 CDNM D lb Fiat Sale 1 000 Volts Unit 2000 0 UpT V Gain 1 0 a
14. band from either end of the spectrum This is done to make the data appear more readable because the unit conversion process in this direction introduces very low frequency and very high frequency artefacts which can be seen in the Fourier transform display demonstrated in the images below You can change or clear these filters after conversion to suit your analysis requirements eoo eqWave V3 0 0 EchoPro dmx gz File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels a G i 4 gt A Preset 2 0 to 20 0 Hz N e e Custom 45 Hz P S Other MAX 0 00 Sync PC SUDS 151 30 2009 03 06 0955 34 0 2009 03 06 0956 35 Fourier ROYM c06 2009 03 06 0955 34 0 to 2009 03 06 0956 35 0 1 0 8 28Hz Above acceleration converted to displacement auto filtered left and unfiltered right 22 File Menu The open close and merging features of this menu have been discussed earlier The remaining items in this menu are discussed below Exporting Data Once you have merged clipped or modified your seismogram file you can save it using the File gt Save command or S This will overwrite the file whose name is displayed in the title bar or the eqWave window Save As file and name formatting If you do not wish to overwrite the file you can use File gt Save As or T to save your data to a new file In the Save dialog box that pops up there are control options for naming the file The SRC filename
15. can customise earth models enter your own place names and station response information view earthquakes in Google Earth or Maps and more Map Canarols Mouse Modes MAA k Seismology Research Centre 141 Palmer Street Richmond Victoria 3121 AUSTRALIA T 61 3 8420 8940 F 61 3 8420 8900 egSupport Wsrc com au Wwww src com au
16. data with a Custom UTC Offset which can be entered on the Settings screen Distance Calculation Previous versions of eqWave used a fixed value to calculate the earthquake s distance from the station eqWave 3 3 introduces the ability to set a customised P and S velocity to suit your local region This will affect the calculated distance and magnitudes 20 Clip visible to new window You may wish to create a new seismogram file with a subset of the data in the currently displayed eqWave data file You may wish to remove channels or restrict the time period so that you are only left with data relevant to your analysis requirements The Edit Clip visible to new window menu item also accessible using the L keyboard shortcut will open a new window that contains only the data that is visible in the vertically scrolling main window in eqWave This means that any channels that have been hidden using the minus button at the top of the Y axis will not be exported to the new file and only the data from the current timeline zoom level will be exported to the new file Filter settings will be carried across to the new window although they can be cleared so that the original raw data can be displayed Filtering eqWave can perform a band pass filter on the each channel of Preset 2 0 to 20 0 Hz displayed data to show data between two defined frequencies It is important to note that the raw data is never modified the PC SU
17. ders The SUDS Seismic Unified Data System was originally created at the U S Geological Survey and adopted for use in the IASPEI Seismological Software Library where it became known as PC SUDS It is a very flexible format which contains many fields for information relating to the raw data which has enabled our eqWave software to provide very useful information to Kelunji users For more information on SUDS visit www banfill net suds html eqWave can also read MiniSEED and GSE 2 0 format files Installing eqWave Java Runtime Environment eqWave is a Java application which means that the Java Runtime Environment needs to be running on your Windows Mac or Linux computer You can install Java for free by web browsing to www java com and following the download prompts Application Installer The installation procedure differs for each computing platform The Windows version is supplied as a self installing package the Mac version is a zipped OS X application file and the Linux version is simply the Java Archive jar file eqWave Window When eqWave starts up you will be presented with the window below which shows the basic waveform controls at top left and the filter controls at top right The main area is where the waveforms will appear and below this is a pull up drawer that reveals the frequency spectrum display window Previous versions of eqWave had a pull out drawer on the right of the screen to show Arrival
18. e Basic Controls area is linked to the file browsing tool If any characters have been typed into this field when you use the Next or Back commands only files that contain those characters in the filename will be opened For example if you have a folder full of triggered data from dozens of different stations but you are only interested in viewing files that have the site code ECHOP in the name by typing ECHOP in the File Filter field and using the NEXT command the next file that has ECHOP in the filename will open As files created by Kelunji recorders are named in a standard format that includes the date time and station code e g YYYY MM DD_HHMM_SS_ lt code gt dmx in the EchoPro you could potentially filter your file browsing by a certain month day or hour Merging Files eqWave can merge up to 24 hours of data from many stations into a single file Kelunji seismic recorders storing continuous data do so in one minute data files so it is possible that an earthquake recording will straddle two or more files To make analysis easier you can merge these files together on screen and then save the merged file to your computer The quickest way to merge files is to have all of the files you want to merge in a single folder and drag the folder into the eqWave window All waveform files in this folder and sub folders will be merged and displayed in a new eqWave window Alternatively drag a waveform file onto eqWave 86006 Open
19. el to LTA level is plotted in yellow on the screen The scale of this plot is related to the trigger threshold ratio which is a level at which you would expect the seismic recorder to declare than an event is underway The trigger threshold is plotted at the zero level of the channel so the Y axis range is a ratio of zero to twice the threshold level In the example below the STA setting is 2 0 the LTA is 20 0 and the threshold is 3 0 As you can see before the earthquake the STA and LTA values are similar and the ratio of the average signals sits at around 1 but as soon as the earthquake hits the signal level in the STA window is many times larger than the average signal in the previous 20 seconds and the ratio shoots through the threshold At this point the recorder would declare a trigger and store the data away STA LTA ratio scale This feature is used to help you to understand the sensitivity of your recorder s trigger settings You can modify the STA LTA and threshold values in the Edit gt Settings menu item You can also define the frequency band of the signal that the STA and LTA windows are averaging to better tune your recorder to trigger on certain event types You can turn the STA LTA plot on and off by toggling Display gt Show STA LTA 19 Edit Menu 8086 Settings STA LTA Settings Setti n g S 1 0 10 0 3 0 1 0 to 10 0 Rec STA LTA Threshold Lo Freq Hi Freq Introduced in version
20. eqWave window and the file will open eqWave will open files from a Kelunji that are stored normally dmx file extension or in Gzip compressed format dmx gz file extension There is no need to expand the Gzip file using a 3 party application before using it in eqWave Note where you see this symbol in the documentation it represents the Control key on Windows and Linux or the Command key on a Mac Alternatively you can use the File gt Open menu item 3 O to browse your computer file system for your file To close the file and go back to an empty eqWave window use the system window close button File gt Close menu item or W When you have a file open you can open another file by dragging it onto the eqWave window or using the Open command again but this will open the file in a new eqWave window If you don t want to open a new eqWave window use the File gt Close amp Open menu item 38 E instead of the Open command Browsing Files Once you have opened a file you can quickly scan through other waveform files in the same directory using the File Next N and File gt Back B menu commands These waveforms will open in the same eqWave window replacing the previous file To quickly save a file to your last Save As folder for later review use the File gt Auto Save Y command eqWave will automatically advance to the next file after saving File Filter The File Filter field in th
21. format follows the form YYYY MM DD hhmm ss SITE If you are saving a Merged file the SITE code in the file name will be one of the channels from the recording depending on the order in which they were merged by the system If you decide to use the GA filename format the file will be named in the form SITEYYDDD_hhmmss where YY is the last two digits of the year e g 13 for 2013 and DDD is the day number of the year i e 001 to 366 By default eqWave will save files in PC SUDS 151 format file extension dmx An alternate file export option is to save the file in a text based format whose columns are tab delimited so that it can be viewed in a text table in a text editor or spread sheet The formatting of this file is described in the following section Click on the radio button next to the file format to select it either PC SUDS or text file format The new JSON data format is a new data format that is used by the SRC s Quick Quake iPad app Your Save As preferences are remembered by eqWave so please check before saving The new Auto Save feature uses a Y keyboard shortcut to allow a copy of a seismogram to be quickly saved to the last used Save As folder This is useful when you are reviewing a folder full of seismograms using the N and B shortcuts and you come across a file that you would like to review in detail a bit later After saving eqWave will automatically open the next file in the folder 23 Text Table
22. he Shear wave as it is oscillating perpendicular to its direction of travel i e it is shaking horizontally when it reaches the surface This is the wave that often does the most damage during an earthquake due to this horizontal shaking and the larger amplitude The S wave also usually has a lower frequency than the P wave Due to its motion S waves are usually more obvious on horizontal channels but as the S wave arrives in the coda of the P wave it is often difficult to determine a clear arrival time Look for a point that correlates across the horizontal channels that features a drop in frequency and increase in amplitude Expected arrival times 800 egFocus 4 0 reS 2013 05 01 1641 Corio Bay ML3 1 Rew 3 File Edit Tools Database Help MySQL sre watcher esands com mel Location Arrival Data FRE Uncertainties Model Magnitudes Comments Summary Finalize Wadati Plot Origin 2013 05 01 1641 49 017 Longitude 144 5035 Latitude 38 1173 Depth 11 07 Location Controls Depth Constraint None Stabiliz Factor 1000 Go SD of residuals 0 242 Local model VICSA Map Controls Mouse Modes Homar F Google Maps Google Earth If you are using eqFocus above sold separately to locate seismic events the expected P and S arrival times and PG and SG arrival times if appropriate for the event are superimposed on the waveforms in eqWave as light grey lines The expected arrival times are updated as eqFocus comp
23. ich is shown in red AU A ARTO above the Preset Filter display box If you are using an older version of eqFocus that requires MAX arrivals to be imported to calculate magnitude you still need to set the peak amplitude and the frequency On a vertical velocity channel either natural velocity or transformed from acceleration right click and swipe the area of peak motion which usually occurs after the S arrival for a few seconds Click the MAX control button or type M and eqWave will assign an arrival storing the peak amplitude value and the dominant frequency in the selection to be copied and pasted into eqFocus Distances are calculated from P and S wave velocities which vary around the world The default values are typical of southeast Australia These values can be customised in eqWave settings so that distance and magnitude calculations are more accurate for your region 14 Other Arrivals A drop down list is available in the Basic Controls area that shows some other common arrival types including PN PG SN and SG waves and other magnitude amplitude arrival definitions You can enter any custom arrival type you require in the drop down text field and click Other to set the arrival at the current marker position Arrivals Menu Whenever you define an arrival e g P or S time MAX or AML peak this data is placed in the Arrivals menu For each Phase arrival type the Time and Site code are shown
24. ie 16 AMPTE GirOUDING Sar a as 17 ACCION UNES aca A 17 Pres SUS UMSS a e 17 Show S MinuseP and STA TA td 17 Channels Ol Cl Gece stc cioo coto eine oie 18 STA A o a Na 19 Edit Men ainia 20 SeEtTUNOS scissa a E a aaa 20 STA ETA Se CUO Sonar oe 20 Presea a o nines 20 Time Zone DISPlAY suspiros 20 Distance Calc diato AAA 20 Clip Visible tO new WwinNndoOW s s 22220252522222222u202020202020u22202u2020nunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 21 FIONA O iii ZL Preset ana Custom tes od 21 SELLING and Clearing Ters ni eatin Mie a clieedecade Ma ooineaiaediaadn Maanaabiaet 21 Automatic filters on unit converted Cata cccccccceccecececcuceveveueeeuveueeteveueusevaueunenanegs 22 File Meninas zo EXPOrtina Data iii 23 Save AS file and name formatting uri Ad 23 Text Fable file tora Esad 24 O 25 Save FOUR tar 25 PRIA aa a 25 History The Kelunji Seismic Recorder The Seismology Research Centre SRC was established in 1976 In the 1980s the SRC began developing digital seismic recorders starting with the Alpha and Beta tape based recorders later renamed Yerilla The first Kelunji was later referred to as the Classic which was followed by the D series Echo EchoPro and the current Kelunji Gecko Above the Kelunji EchoPro with LCD option amp Kelunji Gecko seismic recorders Data Formats When the Kelunji D series was introduced in the mid 1990s the SRC decided to adopt a global standard data format for our seismic recor
25. letes its calculations This can help users to see arrival times hidden in codas and background noise 200 eqWave V3 2 File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels QJa AE LAA P S Other MAX 60 00 Syne PC SUOS n Al ee _ eng 2 73 eS 77 0 A q e 12259 m i a a kokum g wou le A LT XX 1 55 io CORM UpT A a 5633 a 5 74 mps E 2 0 to 20 0 hz DA MLWM s A SS 553 32 gt Y YX ls Alda AA 7 an hala ee a ag o ara ae 3863 g 6 14um s D IENM Up A 1517 Ha LS tmp WILL 03 V A i 30 1642 30 1643 2013 05 01 1641 35 0 2013 05 01 1643 01 0 13 Estimating Magnitude As previously mentioned if your waveform is displaying real ground motion units and a P and S wave arrival have been picked eqWave will automatically display the distance to the earthquake and the magnitude on the vertical channel under the filter buttons on each channel in blue A new AML arrival is stored for eqFocus which is the peak ground displacement above 2Hz in accordance with Richter s method for magnitude calculation When you have ann File Edie lt ontrols Display Arrivals Channels QO Pl Se multiple stations in A a a the same eqWave III nene ps us window eqWave will had A A take the average of g 27 n m soma these magnitudes A HAN MN tnt eee ignoring outliers E nested NIMH pr cn eco coloured orange PA T e wh
26. lipboard to paste into eqFocus Open next file in the folder Zooms to 200 Open previous file in of displayed amplitude the folder BRET Moves timeline back Blue key indicates Control or Command Key function Quick save amp open next file by 25 of displayed width Zooming All zoom commands are applied to all channels at the same time Point zoom Timeline Clicking and dragging your cursor over the waveform will show a red vertical marker bar Move to the area you want to zoom into and release the cursor click to leave a light grey marker line Click the 0 or use the Page Up shortcut key to zoom in to the marker time by a factor of 2 Use the Q or use the Page Down key to zoom out by a factor of 2 centred on the marker location Swipe zoom Timeline Instead of left clicking and dragging a marker line you can right click and drag to highlight an area of interest After releasing the click this area is left highlighted if you place your cursor over the highlighted section and left click or use the zoom in command you will zoom in to the highlighted area Using the zoom out command on a highlighted area will zoom out by a factor of 2 centred on the selection area Amplitude By default eqWave will set the amplitude scale for each channel separately to the peak displayed If you wish to manually scale the amplitude you can do so using the and w icons or the Up and Down arrow keys Each tap of the icon
27. n will clear the filter from the channel There is a bar at the bottom of the screen which can be dragged up to reveal the Fourier transform window which shows the frequency spectrum of the current channel selection 8 Controls Menu The control icons in the top left of the window are used to view the recordings in detail to add arrival information to the waveforms and to help process files Zoom in and Zoom in and out Scroll time Revert Open Next Prev file out of timeline amplitude scale left and right zoom when name includes Arrival Set P Set other types of Set selection Time trait orS Arrivals peak amplitude correction time and frequency Most of the buttons within eqWave have a corresponding keyboard shortcut which are shown in the Controls menu Commonly used shortcut keys are shown below Clear filter Display full timeline Add aP Arrival from all channels ior thesiteat and amplitude the time marker Clip displayed data to a new window amp file Zoom in to 50 of timeline or zoom selection Filter all channels using Custom filter settings Filter all channels using Preset filter settings Zoom out to 200 centred on click selection Add an S Arrival for the site at the time marker Set peak amplitude and frequency of selection for eqFocus Zooms to 50 of displayed amplitude Moves timeline forward Copy Arrivals py Arriv by 25 of displayed width to c
28. nf ly HT i pur Y a inal A ees A Ajo mn mana A s A SIX y ES A tineraotonnsinnrererremninrmnnnmnnnennn es Pore i Fl 4 we 3 y WENN REIS E oh den elo ol nonin pt A A tc rim IAS NONI NN BAM rs _ o J PETSI If a channel is recognised as having units in velocity the trace will be drawn in green If a channel is defined as acceleration the trace will be drawn in red and displacement in black A key is shown at the left end of the waveform marked as D V and A with a blue mark drawn next to the original units of the channel recording Clicking on the D V or A buttons will covert the waveform to these units Other recognised units are pressure magenta and rotation orange and any unrecognised units are displayed in dark grey The boxes will disappear for these latter units as they cannot be transformed You will notice a yellow trace overlaid on your ground motion recording This is the simulated STA LTA ratio which shows you how a recorder s STA LTA trigger algorithm would see this data The settings of this simulated STA LTA ratio can be customised On the right hand end of each channel are the filter control boxes The 4 icon will filter the waveform using the Preset filter settings The 4 icon will filter the waveform using the Custom filter settings which can be typed in at the top right of the screen When a filter has been applied to a channel the pass band appears next to the filter buttons The Mi ico
29. on the Y axis You can choose to group the amplitudes by Site which will scale all channels with the same site code to the largest channel amplitude based on the raw data amplitude not ground motion Alternatively you can group All channels to the single largest amplitude in the file regardless of site code The exception to the scaling rule is channels that have been converted from their natural units usually velocity or acceleration to other units they will always scale individually Acceleration Units When displaying acceleration eqWave can display amplitude in g gravity or in m s metres per second squared This user preference is stored in your user profile Pressure Units When displaying pressure usually a recording from a microphone eqWave can display amplitude in Pa pascal or as SPL sound pressure level measured in dB This user preference is stored in your user profile Show S minus P and STA LTA As discussed earlier when you pick a P time and an S time eqWave displays the S P time on screen You can turn the Show S minus P feature on and off by selecting this item Similarly you can turn the Show STA LTA feature on and off in the next menu item 17 Channel Sorting By default eqWave will sort the displayed channels by Sitecode in alphabetical order BOO eqWave V3 3 Moe few sites dmx File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels ala pe ss gt A on Magnitude 5 5 PS Other Y 2012 06 19
30. or on screen elements are displayed Version information about Zero Correction When a sensor is plugged into a recorder it will almost always have some level of signal offset which can be due to the sensor not being perfectly level or the sensor components requiring some sort of electronic adjustment Regardless of the cause the display of offset data can be handled by eqWave in various ways The raw data is never modified only the way it is displayed Each channel is corrected individually An example of data ann eaWave V3 0 1009 03 06 0954 02 HOPM dma 92 dit Controls Display Arrivals a a gt E with zero offset PS Other MAX 0 00 sad t 2 Mo EE correction top and A without zero offset correction bottom ro nel o aa i gt UA is shown at left can be based on the y zero offset of the visible data Displayed or maaa O based on the zero _ o offset of the entire 0 a E E T 3 i channel All PS gt Onw Max 0 00 7 8 Please note that the 1 amplitude shown at MH ll Nl the Y axis is the ttt dial M nadie vaw veiue and without zero offset correction enabled the motion units may lack relevance 16 Amplitude Grouping To maximise the detail of the displayed data eqWave will scale the amplitude of each channel to fill the vertical space allowed for each channel which means each channel will have an Individual peak amplitude scale
31. qWave er ateo a ON N pay A ip ti AD hod m j oo allows you to save a PNG format image of just the data window i in en l q i excluding the control panel and window frame If you have many o EAS O a channels in the scrolling window the screenshot will be very tall ORS RIS si EAS a a pr 77x a y A lanit a dt db A if A F X I A A _ tn AEN fay ny j an E eae estad aha Il EES y wee 23 gt oy tence a ERS i a gt Lucro TZE i A ana weer ron E TS i ubadili Tay A tm cn i wr E E AAA O ir nin 3 i aii E ZE Fl E AR IR he o d sea a en p i merged file saved as a screenshot in eqWave right Save Fourier You can also save the data displayed in the Fourier transform window to a text file Simply right click on a channel to display the frequency spectrum for the entire channel recording or right click and drag a portion of the data you wish to analyse and its frequency spectrum will appear in the Fourier window By selecting File gt Save Fourier the data that is being displayed in the Fourier transform window will be output in three columns the first showing the frequency point in Hz followed by the real and imaginary values of the spectrum the amplitude Print If you would like to print your waveform you can use the File gt Print or 3 P command It will print effectively the same information as the eqWave screenshot except
32. san A Units Velocity Motion Veloci P 43 50 Lat Long 38 PY 146 417 30684 Sensor A eee 886um s D Sensor B Unknow DROM STA LTA AENEAN UpT V Threshold 74 8 al Filter 4 00 to 18 08 hz P 47 55 463505 F 1 16mm s Peg E OK Cancel k 2012 06 19 1055 00 0 00 0 3 00 0 2012 06 19 105 This information includes the system response information that is used to calculate the ground motion units from the raw data some instrument state of health SOH information such as battery voltage and site information such as the latitude and longitude of the site If you need to modify the system response e g if you have a specific sensitivity for that sensor channel you can modify the displayed fields and click OK to save these channel settings The editable fields have been populated by the Kelunji recorder and changing these will change the raw data so it is advisable to only fill them in if data is missing Screen Elements Once you have opened a waveform file the data will be plotted in the main eqWave window showing the full time line of available data The basic elements of the display will be described briefly below and expanded upon in later sections of the manual ano eqWave V3 3 2009 03 06 0955 31 DROM dmx gz File Edit Controls Display Arrivals Channels DO 4 gt Sort Magnitude 0 0 P S X Other MAX o ETN i PC SUDS 151 IX D t i 1 4 ql pe V i
33. times This has moved to the new Arrivals menu File Edit Controls Display Arrivals ae W qr A SA Magnitude 0 0 E E gt P S y Other MAX 0 00 Sync What s New in eqWave 3 3 Automatic local Richter magnitude calculation when P S picked Unified Settings screen Simplified menus New Sort by Distance feature Updated keyboard shortcuts with Mac command key support eqWave 3 Features eqWave 3 has changed significantly since version 2 although its basics remain familiar and easy to use The main changes include Displaying colour coded waveforms according to their units The ability to convert between ground motion units at the click of a button Display Rotational sensor units A new implementation of the signal filtering interface New keyboard shortcuts Moving the Arrivals pull out window to a menu tem Simplified user interface with new icons Simplification of the frequency display window Text table output in zero offset corrected ground motion units Prompts user to save before closing if Arrivals or Channel Properties modified Interaction with eqFocus displays expected arrival times when location updated Timeline always visible Click selection to zoom Merge contents of a folder up to 24 hours of data For further information on this and other software products contact us via www src com au File Handling Opening and Closing Files You can drag a file from your desktop file browser onto the
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