ELP USER MANUAL
Contents
1. Number of Vertices 000 000 000 000 000 000 nnp e W N N N N N co F e A WwW w Number of Nodes Q won N N N N o A DO A Ww O Ww 1 2 3 Figure 3 2 An example with TRIANG1 elements mesh point is a point in space which may or may not form an element vertex whereas a finite element node or simply node is a point on an element used for function interpolation during the finite element analysis Unlike mesh points nodes need not coincide with the element vertices See Figure 3 3 NMESHPOINTS is the keyword for the number of mesh points defined in the mesh definition file and NNODES defines the total number of finite element nodes in the mesh The coordinates of the mesh points follow the keyword MESHPOINT_COORDS All three of the keywords NMESHPOINTS NNODES and MESHPOINT_COORDS are compulsory The keyword NELEMENTS_TRIANG1 act both to declare the type of elements in the mesh and to give the number of the element If this number is zero then the keyword should be omitted At least one of the keywords which defines the element type must be declared and for each such keyword present there must also be the corresponding keyword like NODES_TRIANG1 etc The data for these keywords define the node indices of each element in turn in the order given in Figure 3 1 Element vertex nodes are always labelled before non vertex nodes and for two dimensional elements labelling occurs in an anti clockwise direction2. e The use of local control sources is the third type It is an extension to background controlled meshing whereby the user can define some local control sources in a separate file that will influence the mesh density on a very small scale Section 4 5 will explain the syntax and the effect of these sources Choose SOURCES as CONTROL_TYPE and don t forget to define the LOCAL_MESH_CTRL_FILE keyword 4 4 5 Mesh options When the coarse mesh is not triangular but contains quadrilaterals you have to specify a mesh option when you generate the mesh using Delaunay triangulation This option will determine the way the Delaunay triangles are converted into quads so that the output is of the same element type as the input When the coarse mesh is triangular you can specify a mesh option anyway if you want the output to be a mesh of quads This works for both mesh generation methods Currently three quad conversion options are supported e FISSION_TO_QUAD In this method triangles are merged to quad elements The method also considered the case when by merging two triangles two subregions would form with odd number of elements in them In this case the method inserts a fission element e RANK_TO_QUAD In this method triangles are also merged to quad elements regardless of any other constraint In this case there can be cases when individual triangles are left in the mesh surrounded by quad elements which cannot be merged with any other triangl
3. An example element mesh parameters file MESHPARAMS_TRIANG1 al Oud DI OZ SS 052 4 0 3 An example nodal mesh parameters file is shown below and in in Figure 3 6 which corresponds to the mesh in Figure 3 2 It should be noted that Figure 3 6 is NOT equivalent to Figure 3 5 However it is possible to convert nodal mesh parameters to element mesh parameters and vica versa by the tools MPR2EMP and EMP2MPR see Sections 8 9 and 8 3 18 NX Figure 3 5 An example element mesh parameter definition 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 3 Figure 3 6 An example nodal mesh parameter definition 3 5 The Finite Element Error File The finite element errors are stored in the finite element error file fee One error value must be defined for each element Table 3 7 Even in the case of TRIANG2 and QUADS elements which are layered finite elements only one value should be defined for one element Keyword Keyword Data Data Type FEERRORS LINK1 Finite element error of each LINK1 element ir FEERRORS_LINK2 Finite element error of each LINK2 element ir FEERRORS LINK3 Finite element error of each LINK3 element ir FEERRORS_LINK4 Finite element error of each LINK4 element ir FEERRORS_LINK5 Finite element error of each LINK5 element jef FEERRORS TRIANG1 Finite element error of each TRIANG1 element ih FEERRORS_TRIANG2 Finite element error of each TRIANG2 element ESE FEERRORS_TRIANG3 Finite element error of each TRIANG3 element i FEERRORS_TRIANG4 Finite
4. TRIANGI 5 PS TRIANG2 BLOCKI TETRAHI Figure 3 1 The element node orders An example mesh Figure 3 2 definition file is shown in the following Element Type Description LINK1 LINK2 LINK3 LINK4 LINK5 TRIANG1 TRIANG2 TRIANG3 TRIANG4 TRIANGS QUAD1 QUAD3 TETRAH1 BLOCK1 The first keyword TITLE is compulsory and specifies the title of the mesh The title can be used to annotate output such as the display in a plot program and as with all string Truss Cable Fixed tension 1 D link Fixed force density 1 D link Geodesic string Constant strain triangular A combined constant strain plane stress and constant moment plate bending simple facet triangular Solid triangular Membrane triangular Constant stress triangular Plane stress quadrilateral Mindlin plate quadrilateral Tetrahedral Block Table 3 1 The element types An example mesh definition file TITLE An example mesh NMESHPOINTS 6 NNODES 6 NELEMENTS_TRIANG1 4 MESHPOINT_COORDINATES 1 0 000 0 000 2 3 000 0 000 3 6 000 0 000 4 0 000 3 000 5 3 000 3 000 6 6 000 3 000 NODES_TRIANG1 1 1 2 2 2 5 3 2 3 4 3 6 arguments must be enclosed in double quotes A mesh is defined in terms of a set of mesh points which are joined by straight lines to form the edges or surfaces of the elements IMPORTANT A distinction is made between the terms mesh point vertex and finite element node A O 8 2 mm G
5. Status name of executable s makempr platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf mpr own filetypes 8 7 2 Syntax Creates mesh parameter file element or nodal Usage makempr v h n lt meshpram gt e lt meshparam gt a mdf file v print version information h print this message n lt meshparam gt set value of nodal mesh parameter e lt meshparam gt set value of element mesh parameter a automatic calculation of nodal mesh parameter default 8 7 3 Overview makempr can create a nodal or element mesh parameter file When the mesh parameter is explicitly specified on the command line all mesh parameters in the file will be the specified value In the case of the a option the program determines the minimum edge length at each point and this minimum edge length will become the nodal mesh parameter at each point 45 8 8 MDFMERGE 8 8 1 Status name of executable s mdfmerge platform s irix linux current version v1 0 date July 2003 release development E_lib filetypes mdf own filetypes 8 8 2 Syntax Merges two mdf files Only merges geometry and domain decomposition but no loads bc etc Usage mdfmerge meshi mesh2 out d meshi first mesh definition file mesh2 second mesh definition file out output mesh definition file d when not zero it also merges decomposition data 8 8 3 Overview The mdfmerge program merg
6. parameter plot Alternative platforms The viewer technology of E_plot32 was also ported into a Linux and Irix version These unix versions of the viewer have limited features and are continuously updated If required obtain the most recent information from the author concerning the status of eplx and qmv 37 Chapter 8 Editing and modifying E_Library files MDFTOOLS The MDFTOOLS are a series of checking editing and conversion tools to help creating and main taining E_Library files Some of them are batch files some are small programs A good knowledge of scripting or shell languages is advised in the preparation of E_Libary files as there is so far no graphical design utility for the E_Libary standard 38 8 1 CHKMDF 8 1 1 Status name of executable s chkmdf platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf own filetypes 8 1 2 Syntax Validity checking of an e_lib mesh definition Usage chkmdf filename filename name of mesh definition file All files should be specified without extension 8 1 3 Overview chkmdf is a tool that checks the validity of a mesh definition file It displays mesh statistics and performs the following checks e Are there any duplicate nodes e Are there any invalid elements i e elements in whose definition the same node number appears twice or more e Are there any duplicate elements Here the node or
7. 10 4 Program limitations 0 020000 02 eee 48 Chapter 1 Introduction This document contains the user manuals for the different tools bundled in ELP ELP stands for E_Library Package It is a series of general purpose finite element analysis and design tools developed by the Structural Engineering Computational Technology SECT Research Group at Heriot Watt University Edinburgh UK All the tools in ELP support the same standard the E_Library The purpose of this manual is to explain the usage and behaviour of the different com ponents of ELP It is not the aim of this manual to explain the code or supply developer information For further information see Reference 1 Chapter 2 ELP program interaction 2 1 Overview Figure 2 1 shows the different programs which are currently in the ELP It also shows what kind of files every program expects as input and which ones are generated More details about the requirements of each program are explained in the appropriate chapters for each program The ELP actually splits up into two major components e programs for 2D structures and meshes where the focus is set on efficient and adaptive high quality multi purpose mesh generation and e the utilities that are common and that are tools to inspect correct view and print meshes at any time in the interactive process 2 2 ELP programs The following programs are described in the chapters of this manual MGN a multi purp
8. 2mpr input output input name of input mesh file and mesh parameter file output name of output mesh parameter file All files should be specified without extension 8 3 3 Overview emp2mpr converts an element mesh parameter file into a nodal mesh parameter file The program requires as an input the mesh definition file and the element mesh parameter file while the output is only a new nodal mesh parameter file The program only works with meshes containing only TRIANGLE1 elements Al 8 4 FLOOR 8 4 1 Status name of executable s floor floor exe platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable Elib filetypes mdf mpr own filetypes 8 4 2 Syntax Limit the maximum and minimum values of the mesh parameter Usage floor input output input name of input mesh file and mesh parameter file output name of output mesh parameter file All files should be specified without extension 8 4 3 Overview floor is a little utility to alter mesh parameter files Both nodal and element mesh parameter file are accepted The file is parsed and minimum maximum and average mesh parameter are printed on the screen Then the user is asked to specify a new minimum and maximum parameter for this file 42 8 5 MAKEDOM 8 5 1 Status name of executable s makedom platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable Elib filetypes mdf
9. Another example is presented to demonstrate the difference between mesh point vertex and finite element node The geometric arrangament of the elements can be seen in Figure 3 3 while the generated mesh file is the following A vertex mesh point finite element node A mesh point A 3 Figure 3 3 An example with TRIANG2 elements 10 NOTE All other keywords are optional except in cases where the declaration of one keyword im plies that one or more further keywords will be declared later For example if the number of boundary condition nodes is defined NBOUNDARY_CONDITION_NODES then so must the nodal boundary condi tions BOUNDARY CONDITIONS see example below An exhaustive list of possible keywords in an mdf file is presented in Table 3 2a b c For the use of keywords not discussed here see the relevant section in the documentation Keyword TITLE NMESHPOINTS NNODES NELEMENTS_LINK1 NELEMENTS_LINK2 NELEMENTS_LINK3 NELEMENTS_LINK4 NELEMENTS_LINK5 NELEMENTS_TRIANG1 NELEMENTS_TRIANG2 NELEMENTS_TRIANG3 NELEMENTS_TRIANG4 NELEMENTS_TRIANG5 NELEMENTS_QUAD1 NELEMENTS_QUAD3 NELEMENTS_TETRAH1 NELEMENTS_BLOCK1 NBOUNDARY_CONDITION_NODES NLOADED_NODES NMATERIALS NCOMP_MATERIALS_TYPE1 NNURBS_CURVES TIMESTEP NTIMESTEPS NINTERNAL_TIMESTEPS NEXTERNAL_TIMESTEPS DAMPING_FACTOR BETA GAMMA Keyword Data Data Type M
10. Chapter 4 Unstructured mesh generation MGN 4 1 Status name of executable s mgn mgn exe platform s irix linux win32 current version v1 0 date July 2003 release full release E_lib filetypes mdf mpr gmf own filetypes mgn ctl 4 2 Syntax SECT Research Group Heriot Watt University Edinburgh usage mgn filename options filename name of mesh generation batch file without extension g activates the graphical interface 4 3 Overview MGN is a multi purpose unstructured 2D mesh generator It generates refines or remeshes 2D meshes according to four different algorithms e advancing front mesh generation e Delaunay triangulation e paving and e regular grid method The density of the generated mesh can be controlled by four different mechanisms e The mesh is uniform in size and a uniform mesh parameter is specified e The mesh parameter is determined from a corresponding value in a background mesh 26 e The mesh parameter is directly specified for each element or each node in a mesh parameter file e The mesh size is controlled by a series of local control sources points or series of points in which neighbourhood the density is specified Every triangular mesh whether it was newly generated or just refined or remeshed can be converted into a quadrilateral mesh by fusion or fission of triangles Every quadrilateral mesh whether it was newly generated or just refined or remeshed can be converte
11. ELP USER MANUAL Version for the HPC course 2007 Originally written by Jelle Muylle Peter Ivanyi Modified by Peter Ivanyi P cs Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 ELP program interaction 5 2 1 OVERVIEW a hag an RGR late Euless A ere aata 5 22 JEEP programs goi g Bac Hk Gehan Pa rhe AE A Re LS Ge lek 5 3 E Library file types 7 3 1 The Mesh Definition File o e e 8 3 2 The Material File ss goer da A AR A art 15 3 3 The Domain Decomposition File 2200 17 3 4 The Mesh Parameters File 2 020020 02 2 eee 18 3 5 The Finite Element Error File 2 22000 20 3 6 The Finite Element Stress File 2 0 2 0220004 21 3 7 The Element Geometric Definition File 23 4 Unstructured mesh generation MGN 26 AV Stabuss incu hae F ee E e AE Ge Ee RADA Pade Sk Ge Gate 26 AD BS o ai Ae O ohn Mate beanie Ae a ee A 26 AB OVET VIEW Sth ee adds as 26 4 4 MGN batch filesyntax 2 2 43 68 ba See de dee ee a OR 27 ATA ANS ASKS 2 48 Mads a Set Re Ys hated Bo SSE ee Ket Se A a 27 AAD AMethoOdsts os tens AAA ee Pi ee Ph ea a 28 4 4 3 Delaunay options 0 02020 eee ee ee 28 AAA Control N PES he AS Se AAA A ee 29 AAs Mesh OPTIONS ms wii eee ah ei a he dete We dS Ged a Se eg 29 4 4 6 Filenames lt 2 fbb aoe RR a Re ee 30 4 4 7 Smoothing e 30 448 Output format ssi va ely SON BO aaa 4 5 CTL local control sources
12. TER and has to be bigger than one Two iterations are in most cases sufficient In the case of paving the smoothing type must be set to PAVING as the paving method has its own smoothing procedures 4 4 8 Output format The output format of the resulting mesh can be specified by OUTPUT_FORMAT Currently only E_LIB and SMSH are supported E_LIB will generate E_Library compatible output and will add the mdf extension to the resulting mesh filename SMSH will generate meshes in the format for the acoustics software son3d and will add the smsh extension to the resulting mesh filename 30 4 5 CTL local control sources syntax The local mesh density control data file ctl defines a set of local control points for point wise and line wise mesh size control For the point wise local control the point coordinates the radius of inner circle the radius of outer circle and nodal mesh size parameter are specified For line wise local control a chain of control points will be specified The syntax will be explained by an example file NCONTROL_SETS N NCONTROL_POINTS COORDINATES INNER_RADIUS OUTER_RADIUS MESH_PARAMETER COORDINATES INNER_RADIUS OUTER_RADIUS MESH_PARAMETER N o o o 2 0 0 0 OPOPOrPOOoO MN NONOWBON 01 NCONTROL_POINTS COORDINATES INNER_RADIUS OUTER RADIUS MESH PARAMETER 5 5 0 0 O H ONE 31 Chapter 5 2D Finite element analysis FEM 5 1 Status name of executable s fem fem exe p
13. _QUAD3 NSTRESS_POINTS_TETRAH1 NSTRESS_POINTS_BLOCK1 MESHPOINT_COORDS Keyword Data Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points Number of stress points in a LINK1 element in a LINK2 element in a LINK3 element in a LINK4 element in a LINK5 element in a TRIANGI element in a TRIANG2 element in a TRIANG3 element in a TRIANG4 element in a TRIANG5 element in a QUAD1 element in a QUAD3 element in a TETRAH1 element in a BLOCK1 element x y and z coordinates of the mesh point NODES_LINK1 NODES_LINK2 NODES_LINK3 NODES_LINK4 NODES_LINK5 NODES_TRIANG1 NODES_TRIANG2 NODES_TRIANG3 NODES_TRIANG4 NODES_TRIANG5 NODES_ QUAD1 NODES_QUAD3 NODES_TETRAH1 NODES_BLOCK1 BOUNDARY_CONDITIONS Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Nod Node indices of Node indices of Node indices of Node indices o e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac e indices of eac h LINK1 element h LINK2 element h LINK3 element h LINK4 element h LINK5 element h TRIANG1 element h TRIANG2 element h TRIANGS element h TRIANG4 elem
14. ample NELEMENTS_TRIANG1 120 denotes that the mesh contains 120 elements of type TRIANG1 Most keywords are optional but those which are declared must be in a strict predefined order This order automatically accounts for dependencies between the data The format also allows the use of file comments If the first non white character on a line is the character then all remaining text on that line is ignored Two or more lines can be commented out by enclosing the lines inside a and The opening must be the first two characters on the first comment line and the first two characters on the last comment line All text on the line following and is ignored The comments must not be nested although they can contain comments Blank lines are also permitted There are currently seven types of data file the mesh definition mdf geometric defi nition NURBS curve gmf materials mat domain decomposition dom element or nodal mesh parameters mpr stresses ste and finite element errors files fee The mesh definition file contains the main description of the mesh The other files describe additional properties of the mesh or they represent a state of the mesh The following sections describe the keywords and keyword data for the above data files Each section contains a table which lists the keywords in the order they must be declared and defines the associated keyword data The data type whethe
15. ccording to the subdomain information stored in the appropriate subdomain file stress plot shows a colour representation of all the stresses that are available in the stress file FEerror plot plots the distributions of the finite element errors as specified in the FEerror file mesh parameter plot makes a plot of the mesh parameters as stored in the mesh parameter file 36 The program can print directly from the menu and also has an export facility to the wmf format which can be read by many vector graphics packages such as CorelDraw and AutoCAD 2D 7 4 Help For a more detailed explanation of each menu option we refer to the online help system within the program Help is available by selecting the Help menu or by simply pressing F1 at any time in the program 7 5 7 6 Program limitations All files should have the same name as the input mdf files with the appropriate extensions All filetypes are accepted except QUAD3 and BLOCK1 For meshes containing TRIANG2 elements only the stresses for layer 0 are shown in a stress plot When exporting a subdomain plot to wmf format the subdomain colours are converted to grayscale This does not happen with the stress FEerror or mesh parameter plots An export to wmf might mess up the scaling of the image Scale it by a factor 100 to obtain normal sizes However this depends on the graphics package you use E_plot32 will only accept element mesh parameters for a mesh
16. d into a triangular mesh by splitting of quadrilaterals into triangles Smoothing of the mesh in a specified number of iterative steps is also supported 4 4 MGN batch file syntax The tasks set for the mesh generator are specified in a batch file The MGN batch file controls the entire behaviour of the MGN program by listing all the instructions and filenames for the input and output files The syntax of the batch file is given in the following table Although this syntax is not incorporated in the E_Library it follows the same syntax rules set for all the E_Library files i e the use of keywords the rules for comments and empty lines TASK REMESH REFINE EBE_REFINE POSTPROC METHOD ADV_FRONT DELAUNAY PAVING REG_GRID NONE ALFA d BETA d DLN_OPTION CENTROID CENTR_RAD CONTROL_TYPE MESH_OPTION GEOM_MODEL_FILE COARSE_MESH_FILE RESULT_MESH_FILE BKGRND_MESH_FILE BKGRND_MESH_PARAMS_FILE COARSE_MESH_PARAMS_FILE LOCAL_MESH_CTRL_FILE UNIFORM_MESH_PARAM SMOOTHING_TYPE SMOOTHING_ITER OUTPUT_FORMAT 4 4 1 Tasks PROJECTION CHEW1 BACKGROUND MPR SOURCES UNIFORM SPLIT_TO_TRIANG FISSION TO_QUAD RANK_TO_QUAD HALF_TO_QUAD NONE man JU man Wy Woe tt Woe tt Wy d LAPLACTAN LAPLACIANNDE NODAL_AVG PAVING NONE n E_LIB SMSH First of all one has to decide what the mesh generator has to do Four tasks are available e C
17. der is not taken into account 39 8 2 CLEANUP 8 2 1 Status name of executable s cleanup cleanup exe platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf own filetypes 8 2 2 Syntax Remove unconnected nodes from a mesh Usage cleanup input output input name of input mesh definition file output name of resulting mesh definition file All files should be specified without extension 8 2 3 Overview When meshes are adaptively remeshed with mgn using the task REMESH all the nodes of the input coarse mesh are copied into the resulting file though they might not be used in any of the new triangles These unconnected nodes cause problems when renumbering the mesh for bandwidth reduction The program only works cleanup removes all unconnected nodes from a mesh definition file with meshes containing only TRIANG1 elements The topology of the mesh is not altered only the numbering of points and the point numbers in the element definition Boundary conditions and loads are also renumbered appropriately 40 83 EMP2MPR 8 3 1 Status name of executable s emp2mpr platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf mpr own filetypes 8 3 2 Syntax Convert element mesh parameters to nodal mesh parameters by averaging all element mesh parameters connected to a node Usage emp
18. dom own filetypes 8 5 2 Syntax Create a domain decomposition file dom Usage makedom v h n lt domain gt mdf_file v print version information h print this message n lt domain gt set domain number default 1 8 5 3 Overview makedom creates a domain decomposition file which is compatible with the input mesh definition file By default it generates a domain decomposition where all elements are in one domain However it is also possible to specify that all elements should be assigned to a user defined subdomain For example makedom n 2 mesh will generate a domain decomposition file where all elements belong to subdomain two and the maximum number of subdomains is also equal to two 43 8 6 MAKEMAT 8 6 1 Status name of executable s makemat platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf mat own filetypes 8 6 2 Syntax Creates material information and an example material file Usage makemat input output input name of input mesh file output name of output mesh and material file All files should be specified without extension 8 6 3 Overview makemat creates material information for a mesh definition file and it also generates an example material file mat The program only accepts meshes which contain a single element type Moreover the acceptable element types are TRIANG1 TRIANG3 and LINK1 44 8 7 MAKEMPR 8 7 1
19. e To solve this problem the method also halves every element in the mesh quads into four and triangles into three quad elements after there is no more triangle merge is possible e HALF_TO_QUAD This method simply halves every triangle element into three quad elements e Choose NONE if you don t want any triangle to quad conversion If you are directly generating quadrilaterals using the PAVING method and you want a triangular mesh as output you can set the mesh option to SPLIT_TO_TRIANG to activate a splitting procedure that will cut each quadrilateral into two triangles along the shortest diagonal 29 4 4 6 Filenames Filename references have to absolute or relative to the location of the executable Filenames are always given without extension as it is assumed that the extension matches the filetype syntax Filenames are enclosed in double quotes The following filenames may be defined e GEOM MODEL FILE the location and name of the geometric model file without the gmf extension This file is required for new mesh generation from geometric model only It may be but doesn t have to be supplied for the other tasks e COARSE MESH FILE the location and name of the coarse mesh definition file without the mdf extension This file is not required when performing new mesh generation form geometric model only It is required in the other tasks e RESULT_MESH_FILE the location and name of the resulting mesh to which an ex
20. element error of each TRIANG4 element ir FEERRORS_TRIANGS Finite element error of each TRIANG5 element ir FEERRORS_QUADI1 Finite element error of each QUAD1 element ir FEERRORS_QUAD3 Finite element error of each QUAD3 element ir FEERRORS_TETRAHI Finite element error of each TETRAHI element ir FEERRORS_BLOCK1 Finite element error of each BLOCK1 element ir Table 3 7 The finite element error file keywords and keyword data An example finite element error file is shown for Figure 3 2 An example finite element error file FEERRORS_TRIANG1 1 0 0021 2 0 0032 3 0 0123 4 0 0001 20 IMPORTANT 3 6 The Finite Element Stress File The element stresses are defined in the stress file ste The number of stress points for each element must be defined in the mdf file with the corresponding keyword like NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK1 etc For each stress point a line is defined consisting of 6 compo nents e g normal stresses in the x y and z directions the three shear stresses Other interpretation is possible as well e g the first three components store the principal stresses while the other three components store the angles of the principal directions Any of the components can be ignored e g in a plane problem only the first three components will be used as the two normal stresses and a shear stress or in the case of truss elements only one component is used In the case of TRIANG2 and QUAD3 elements the stresses are defined at the str
21. ent h TRIANGS element each QUAD1 element each QUAD3 element each TETRAH1 element f each BLOCK1 element Nodal boundary conditions For each boundary condition node the node index followed by for each degree of freedom the string FREE if no boundary conditions are imposed FIXED followed by a real displacement m or SPRING followed by a non negative spring constant Nm The displacement argument specifies an initial displacement of a node The spring constant enables elastic forces to be modelled Data Type i 2 12 1 2 i 2 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 3 i 3 i 3 i 4 i 9 i 4 Table 3 2 b The mesh definition file keywords and keyword data cont 13 Keyword Keyword Data Data Type LOADS Nodal loads br For each loaded node the node index followed by the applied load N for each degree of freedom MATERIALS_LINK1 Material name of each LINK1 element is MATERIALS_LINK2 Material name of each LINK2 element is MATERIALS_LINK3 Material name of each LINK3 element is MATERIALS _LINK4 Material name of each LINK4 element is MATERIALS_LINK5 Material name of each LINK5 element is MATERIALS TRIANG1 Material name of each TRIANG1 element is COMP_MATERIALS_TRIANG2 Composite material name of each is TRIANG2 element MATERIALS_TRIANG3 Material name of each TRIANG3 element is MATERIALS_TRIANG4 Material name of each TRIANG4 element is MATERIALS TRIANG5 Material name of each TRIANG5 e
22. es the geometry of two mesh definition files When the optional argument is specified and it is not zero then the program also merges the domain decomposition data in the mesh However the program does not merge loads boundary conditions materials etc 46 8 9 MPR2EMP 8 9 1 Status name of executable s mpr2emp platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable E_lib filetypes mdf mpr own filetypes 8 9 2 Syntax Convert nodal mesh parameters to element mesh parameters by averaging all nodal mesh parameters of an element Usage mpr2emp input output input name of input mesh file and mesh parameter file output name of output mesh parameter file All files should be specified without extension 8 9 3 Overview mpr2emp converts a nodal mesh parameter file into an element mesh parameter file The program requires as an input the mesh definition file and the nodal mesh parameter file while the output is only a new element mesh parameter file The program only works with meshes containing only TRIANGLE1 elements 47 8 10 RENUMBER 8 10 1 Status name of executable s renumber renumber exe platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 0 date July 2003 release stable Eib filetypes mdf own filetypes 8 10 2 Syntax Renumbers the mesh nodes to reduce the matrix bandwidth Usage renumber input output input name of the input mesh def
23. esh title s Number of mesh points i Number of nodes i Number of LINK1 elements i Number of LINK2 elements i Number of LINK3 elements i Number of LINK4 elements i Number of LINK5 elements i Number of TRIANG1 elements i Number of TRIANG2 elements i Number of TRIANG3 elements i Number of TRIANG4 elements i Number of TRIANG5 elements i Number of QUAD1 elements i Number of QUAD3 elements i Number of TETRAH1 elements i Number of BLOCK 1 elements i Number of boundary condition nodes i Number of loaded nodes i Total number of materials including those i declared in composite materials Number of type 1 composite materials i Number of NURBS curves i The value of the timestep r Number of time steps i This keyword and the pair of keywords NINTERNAL_TIMESTEPS and NEXTERNAL_TIMESTEDS are mutually exclusive Number internal and external time steps i These data enable time stepping to be broken down into a series of NExternalTimesteps sets of NinternalTimesteps time steps See NTIMESTEPS Viscous damping factor r Newmark s 8 integration constant r Newmark s y integration constant r Table 3 2 a The mesh definition file keywords and keyword data cont 12 Keyword NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK1 NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK2 NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK3 NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK4 NSTRESS_POINTS_LINK5 NSTRESS_POINTS_TRIANG1 NSTRESS_POINTS_TRIANG2 NSTRESS_POINTS_TRIANG3 NSTRESS_POINTS_TRIANG4 NSTRESS_POINTS_TRIANGS5 NSTRESS_POINTS_QUAD1 NSTRESS_POINTS
24. ess points per layer per element therefore it is a requirement that the material file is available for these elements For all other elements the existence of the material file is not necessary to load write stresses Table 3 8 shows the possible keywords A ere Data oaks Fypen STRESSES_LINK1 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_LINK2 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_LINK3 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_LINK4 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_LINK5 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES TRIANG1 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_TRIANG2 6 available components of stresses iii 6 r STRESSES_TRIANG3 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES TRIANG4 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES TRIANG5 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES QUAD1 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES _QUAD3 6 available components of stresses iii 6 r STRESSES_TETRAH I 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r STRESSES_BLOCK1 6 available components of stresses i i 6 r Table 3 8 The stress file keywords and keyword data An example finite element stress file is shown for Figure 3 2 21 22 3 7 The Element Geometric Definition File The element geometric definition file gmf defines the boundary of a finite element problem using Non Uniform Rational B Splines NURBS There are two mo
25. ethod suggested by Chew 3 28 4 4 4 Control types An efficient control of the mesh density at any place inside the domain and on the borders is essential for any good mesh generator MGN offers four control types e Choose UNIFORM as CONTROL_TYPE for the generation of uniform meshes The uniform size will be taken from the value specified for the UNIFORM_MESH_SIZE keyword e The use of a background mesh which sits behind the domain is a common technique For every new point to be generated in the mesh the meshparameter is derived from the value this point would have if it belonged to the background mesh Therefore care has to be taken that the background mesh covers the complete area of the domain including potential extensions of the domain by a new approximation of the boundary curves The background mesh also has to be convex Choose BACKGROUND as CONTROL_TYPE setting and don t forget to define the BKGRND MESH_FILE and the BKGRND_MESH_PARAMS FILE keywords e Mesh parameter controlled meshing is equivalent to background controlled meshing where the background mesh is the coarse mesh itself However the mesh parameters specified in the COARSE_MESH_PARAMS_FILE have to be nodal mesh parameters to make sense If element mesh parameters are specified they will be converted to nodal parameters by averaging and will therefore loose effectiveness Choose MPR as CONTROL_TYPE and don t forget to define the COARSE_MESH_PARAMS_FILE keyword
26. hoose REMESH as TASK setting for the remeshing of an existing mesh keeping only the 27 boundaries of the mesh and discarding any existing points on the interior of the domain If a geometric model is supplied a new approximation of the boundary will be made as well e Choose REFINE as TASK setting for the refinement of an existing mesh keeping all existing nodes and refining every existing triangle or quad e Choose EBE_REFINE as TASK setting for the refining of an existing mesh on an element by element basis e Choose POSTPROC as TASK setting if only postprocessing and mesh conversion is required 4 4 2 Methods The mesh generator supports five methods for generating the unstructured mesh e Choose ADV_FRONT as METHOD setting for the advancing front technique which is rather slow but creates very regular high quality meshes e Choose DELAUNAY as METHOD setting for the Delaunay triangulation algorithm by point insertion which is on average ten times faster but for which regularity and quality of the mesh can be less than advancing front e Choose PAVING as METHOD setting for the direct generation of quadrilaterals using the paving technique e Choose REG_GRID as METHOD setting for the regular grid method which is the subject of reference 2 When the Delaunay triangulation or regular grid method is chosen the user has to specify two extra parameters ALFA and BETA and an extra option DLN_OPTION e Alfa contr
27. inition file output name of the resulting mesh definition file All files should be specified without extension 8 10 3 Overview renumber is a small program that changes the node indices of a mesh in order to minimize the bandwidth of the stiffness matrix when this one is build in any finite element package It changes the node numbers accordingly in loads and boundary condition nodes 8 10 4 Program limitations e renumber works only for single element type TRIANG1 or QUAD1 meshes e Only the information within the mesh definition file is altered Subdomain stress finite element error or mesh parameter information is left untouched e The program will crash if the mesh contains unconnected nodes These are nodes which are not used in any of the element definitions Use the MDFTOOL cleanup to remove unconnected nodes cleanup is explained in Section 8 2 48 Bibliography 1 B H V Topping J Muylle P Iv nyi R Putanowicz and B Cheng Finite Element Mesh Generation Saxe Coburg Publications Stirling 2004 2 J Muylle P Iv nyi and B H V Topping A new point creation scheme for uniform De launay triangulations Engineering Computations International Journal for Computer Aided Engineering and Software 19 6 707 735 2002 3 P L Chew Guaranteed quality delaunay triangulations Technical Report TR 89 983 Dept of Computer Science Cornell University 1989 49
28. latform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 1 date July 2003 release unfinished E_lib filetypes mdf mat ste own filetypes 5 2 Syntax fem v1 1 SECT Research Group Heriot Watt University Edinburgh usage fem input output ds note all filenames are referred to without extensions input name of the mesh definition and material file output name of the output mesh definition file ds displacement scale e g 10 you might want to renumber the mesh first and remove unused nodes 5 3 Overview fem is a very limited 2D finite element program which calculates stresses and displacements for meshes consisting of TRIANG1 and QUAD1 elements only Loads boundary conditions and material assignments should be specified in the input mesh file Material information should be given in the material file with the same name as the mesh definition file As TRIANG1 and QUAD1 are constant stress elements the output stress file will consist of one stress point per element As fem is a 2D FE package only three stresses will appear in the output stress file oz Oy and Tey In order to increase the efficiency of the computation and to reduce the calculation times you should not include any unused nodes in the coordinates array Renumbering of the nodes to decrease the bandwidth of the stiffness matrix is also advised The renumber program can be used for this 32 purpose renumber is explained in Section 8 10 5 4 Pr
29. lement is MATERIALS_QUAD1 Material name of each QUAD1 element is COMP_MATERIALS_QUAD3 Composite material name of each QUAD3 is element MATERIALS_TETRAH1 Material name of each TETRAH1 element is MATERIALS_BLOCK1 Material name of each BLOCK 1 element is REMESH_DATA Defines the beginning of NURBS definition Table 3 2 c The mesh definition file keywords and keyword data 14 IMPORTANT 3 2 The Material File The materials file mat contains the properties of the material and composite material declared in the mesh definition file Any number of materials can be defined and not just those used by the current mesh This enables a number of different meshes to use a single materials file The materials and composite materials can be defined in any order Each definition of material properties begins with the keyword MATERIAL and ends with the keyword END Type 1 composite material properties begin with the keyword COMP_MATERIAL_TYPE1 and must also end with the keyword END Tables 3 3 and 3 4 define the property keywords Keyword Keyword Data Data Type MATERIAL Material name s MAT_TYPE Material model index i DENSITY Density r YMOD Isotropic Young s modulus r This keyword and the x y and z direction Young s moduli keywords are mutually exclusive YMOD_X x direction Young s modulus r YMOD_Y y direction Young s modulus r YMOD_Z z direction Young s modulus r THICKNESS Thickness r POISSONS_RATIO Poisson ratio r IPARAMn n th intege
30. mmand line Make sure you choose the right type depending on what remeshing or viewing you want to do next It is always advised to check the generated mesh parameters before a new remeshing run is launched Some mesh parameters might be far to small to be realistic The floor program might be used to set a lower limit to the mesh parameters floor is explained in Section 8 4 34 6 4 Program limitations e Meshes may contain only one of the two supported element types e The material file should also exist as material information is required for processing the finite element errors e Both material and stress files are expected to have the same name as the mesh definition file 35 Chapter 7 Viewing and printing E_PLOT32 7 1 Status name of executable s e plot32 exe platform s win32 current version v2 52 date July 2003 release complete E_lib filetypes mdf mpr dom fee ste own filetypes 7 2 Syntax run e_plot32 exe from explorer or start menu run or make a shortcut to e_plot32 exe 7 3 Overview E_plot32 is a native windows 32bit graphical user interface program It will run on Windows95 Windows98 and Windows NT 4 The program provides a viewer for all sorts of meshes in the E_Library mesh definition format The user can view the mesh in the following plot configurations plain mesh plot just shows the mesh connectivity subdomain plot colours the different subdomains a
31. ogram limitations e Only meshes consisting entirely of one of the two supported element types can be analysed e From the material file only YMOD POISSONS_RATIO and THICKNESS will be taken into account e The program gives no status reports and might take ages if you have not renumbered your mesh e The program will crash if the mesh contains unconnected nodes These are nodes which are not used in any of the element definitions Use the cleanup program to remove unconnected nodes cleanup is explained in Section 8 2 33 Chapter 6 Error analysis ADAPT 6 1 Status name of executable s adapt adapt exe platform s irix linux win32 command line current version v1 1 date July 2003 release development E_lib filetypes mdf mat ste fee mpr own filetypes 6 2 Syntax adapt v1 1 SECT Research Group Heriot Watt University Edinburgh usage adapt input d mprtype note all filenames are referred to without extensions input name of the mesh definition and stress file d permissible error value mprtype 1 for element mesh params 2 for nodal mesh params 6 3 Overview adapt is a small error analysis program for the sort of meshes that can be handled by fem It generates finite element errors on the basis of the stress file by comparing averaged and non averaged nodal stresses The finite element element errors are then converted into mesh parameters either nodal or element parameters as specified in the co
32. ols the conformity of the mesh density with the parameters set by the control type For DLN_OPTION set to CENTROID the requirement for alfa is 1 0 lt q For DLN_OPTION set to CENTR_RAD the requirement for alfa is 0 5 lt a lt 2 0 Values close to 1 0 are a good starting point For METHOD set to REG_GRID alfa takes the function of parameter gprm from reference 2 e Beta 0 1 lt 8 lt 15 0 controls the regularity of the mesh Lower values of beta generate more chaotic meshes whereas higher values would give a more regular mesh A good default value is 2 0 For METHOD set to REG_GRID beta takes the function of parameter rprm from reference 2 4 4 3 Delaunay options When the Delaunay triangulation is chosen the user must define which Delaunay refinement strat egy is used This is controlled by the DLN_OPTION keyword The following options are implemented e CENTROID controls the mesh size on the basis of side lengths of triangles Centroidal nodes are inserted into a triangle when at least one of its side lengths is longer than allowed e CENTR RAD controls the mesh size on the basis of the lengths of the radial connection between the centroid node and the corner node of triangles Centroid node is inserted into a triangle when any of the radial connections are longer than allowed e PROJECTION behaves like CENTROID but uses projective point placement instead of cen troidal nodes e CHEW1 uses the point insertion m
33. on file Keyword Keyword Data Data Type NSUBDOMAINS Number of subdomains i SUBDOMAINS_LINK1 Subdomain index of each LINK1 element ii SUBDOMAINS_LINK2 Subdomain index of each LINK2 element ii SUBDOMAINS_LINK3 Subdomain index of each LINK3 element ii SUBDOMAINS_LINK4 Subdomain index of each LINK4 element ii SUBDOMAINS_LINK5 Subdomain index of each LINK5 element ii SUBDOMAINS TRIANG1 Subdomain index of each TRIANG1 element ii SUBDOMAINS_TRIANG2 Subdomain index of each TRIANG2 element ii SUBDOMAINS TRIANG3 Subdomain index of each TRIANG3 element ii SUBDOMAINS TRIANG4 Subdomain index of each TRIANG4 element i i SUBDOMAINS_TRIANG5 Subdomain index of each TRIANG5 element ii SUBDOMAINS QUAD1 Subdomain index of each QUAD1 element ii SUBDOMAINS_QUAD3 Subdomain index of each QUADS element ii SUBDOMAINS TETRAH1 Subdomain index of each TETRAH1 element ii SUBDOMAINS_BLOCK1 Subdomain index of each BLOCK 1 element ii Table 3 5 The domain decomposition file keywords and keyword data An example domain decomposition file is shown for Figure 3 2 An example domain decomposition file NSUBDOMAINS 2 SUBDOMAINS_TRIANG1 1 PONER 1 2 2 Figure 3 4 An example domain decomposition with TRIANG1 elements 17 3 4 The Mesh Parameters File The mesh parameters file mpr defines the element or nodal mesh parameters of each element or node The number of element mesh parameters for each element type must equal the number of elements defined in the me
34. ose unstructured 2D mesh generator with a variety of ways to control mesh density at any place in the domain using different mesh generation algorithms Chapter 4 FEM a very basic robust finite element analysis program for 2D meshes Chapter 5 ADAPT generates finite element errors and mesh parameters for an adaptive remeshing of a 2D mesh Chapter 6 E_PLOT32 viewing and printing of meshes subdomains and mesh parameters in an easy to use windows interface Chapter 7 MDFTOOLS a series of basic editing tools to check and modify mesh definition files Chapter 8 mgn batch file porno 5 geom model backgr meshdef MGN ctrl sources gt unstruct mesh gt meshdef gt nodal mesh params or generation S AS materials oa elem mesh params nodal mesh params or _ elem mesh params elem errors FEM finite element analysis stresses ADAPT conversion to error mesh params analysis E PLOT32 viewing printing E LIBRARY PROGRAMS Figure 2 1 The ELP programs m gt displacements MDFTOOLS editing meshes IMPORTANT IMPORTANT Chapter 3 E_Library file types The E Lib format supports meshes of a single element type and mixed meshes The E Lib mesh file format takes the form of a series of keywords followed by one or more data items For ex
35. r it is an integer i real r or a character string s is also given where for example i 3 r denotes that the data consist of an integer followed by three reals Units where relevant are enclosed in square brackets Keyword data consisting of a single data item must follow the keyword on the same line For vectors and matrices each vector component or matrix row must start on a new line and each line must begin with an integer index Unless otherwise stated this index is either the vector component number or matrix row index All keyword data strings must be enclosed in double quotes 3 1 The Mesh Definition File The mesh definition file mdf contains the main description of the mesh At present twelve different elements types are supported five one dimensional LINK 1 LINK2 LINK3 LINK4 LINKS five triangular TRIANG1 TRIANG2 TRI ANG3 TRIANG4 TRIANGS two quadrilateral QUAD1 and QUAD3 one tetrahedral TETRAHL1 and one three dimensional block element BLOCK1 These element types are defined in Figure 3 1 which shows the order in which the element nodes must be labelled and in Table 3 1 which gives a short description as well With the excep tion of the TRIANG2 and QUADS elements individual elements have uniform material properties TRIANG2 and QUAD3 elements are composed of layered composite mate rials referred to as composite materials of type 1 3 FAN LINKI 5 2 6 5 1 2 4 la 2
36. r property n 1 6 i DPARAMn n th double precision property n 1 20 r END Table 3 3 The material property keywords and keyword data Keyword Keyword Data Data Type COMP_MATERIAL_TYPE1 Type 1 composite material name s NLAYERS Number of layers i LAYER MATERIALS Material name of each layer is LAYER_THICKNESSES Thickness of each layer ir END Table 3 4 The type 1 composite material property keywords and keyword data The structure offers a possibility to introduce new material properties which are not listed among the keywords For integer values TPARAMn and for real values DPARAMn should be used When new material property is defined do not forget to document that which parameters corre spond to which material property In the case of the composite material the thicknesses can have any value and their sum is not 15 checked An example mdf with materials would be the following While the corresponding mat file looks like this 3 3 The Domain Decomposition File The domain decomposition file dom specifies the subdomains into which the elements have been partitioned Table 3 5 The keywords NSUBDOMAINS and SUBDOMAINS_TRIANG1 etc specify the number of subdomains to be created and the partition indices for the various element types The indices must lie between 1 and the number of subdomains inclusive and the number of each element type must be consistent with the number of that type defined in the mesh definiti
37. ractice to use the same mesh points here as they are in the mesh In this case the compatibility between the mesh and the geometric definition can always be ensured e NURBS_CURVE Defines each NURBS curve e DEGREE The number of freedom for the NURBS curve At the moment it must always be equal to three e CONTROL POINTS The four control points for Cubic NURBS curve e WEIGHTS The value of weights for the four control points The geometric definition file should only be used together with the remeshing data extensions of the mesh definition file These extensions are not covered in the main definition of the MDF syntax and can be best explained by the following example Figure 3 7a shows one coarse triangle defined by nodes 1 2 and 3 On the side between nodes 1 and 2 a NURBS curve C1 is defined The curve is cubic degree 3 and stretches from node 1 where it has paramete 0 0 to node 2 where it has parameter 1 0 Two control points determine the shape of the curve They have coordinates 0 10 0 and 10 10 0 The weights for these control points are set to 0 5 Figure 3 7b shows how the remeshed triangle may look like when three nodal meshparameters were defined with value 4 0 8 The following three files show how to create the curve definition in the geometric definition file and how to assign it in the mesh definition file 23 24 0 10 0 10 10 0 O e Figure 3 7 An example for geometric definition 25
38. sh definition file The keywords for the different element types is shown in Table 3 6 When the mesh parameters are defined on a nodal basis the NODAL_MESHPARAMS keyword should be specified and after that the mesh parameter for each mesh point should also be defined ass DEE NODAL_MESHPARAMS Mesh parameters for each node ir MESHPARAMS_LINK1 Element mesh parameter of each LINK1 element ir MESHPARAMS_LINK2 Element mesh parameter of each LINK2 element ir MESHPARAMS_LINK3 Element mesh parameter of each LINK3 element ir MESHPARAMS_LINK4 Element mesh parameter of each LINK4 element ir MESHPARAMS_LINK5 Element mesh parameter of each LINK5 element ir MESHPARAMS_TRIANG1 Element mesh parameter of each TRIANG1 element ir MESHPARAMS_TRIANG2 Element mesh parameter of each TRIANG2 element ir MESHPARAMS_TRIANG3 Element mesh parameter of each TRIANG3 element ir MESHPARAMS_TRIANG4 Element mesh parameter of each TRIANG4 element ir MESHPARAMS_TRIANG5 Element mesh parameter of each TRIANG5 element ir MESHPARAMS_QUAD1 Element mesh parameter of each QUAD1 element ir MESHPARAMS_QUAD3 Element mesh parameter of each QUAD3 element ir MESHPARAMS_TETRAH1 Element mesh parameter of each TETRAH1 element ir MESHPARAMS_BLOCK1 Element mesh parameter of each BLOCK1 element ir Table 3 6 The element mesh parameters file keywords and keyword data An example element mesh parameters file is shown below and in Figure 3 5 which corresponds to the mesh in Figure 3 2
39. st common nonlinear mathematical forms in geometric modeling for curve and surface representation one is implicit and another is parametric polynomial forms The implicit form has the advantage that circles conics and primitive quadric surfaces such as cylinders spheres and cones can be concisely and precisely represented A disadvantage of the implicit form is that free form curves and surfaces which also important in geometric modeling can not be represented With parametric polynomials such as polynomial B splines one can represent and manipulate free form curves and surfaces but unfortunately circles conics and the quadric primitives cannot be represented precisely Non uniform Rational B spline NURBS is a geometric modeller that offers the advantages of both forms Despite the versatility of NURBS in our implementation only cubic NURBS are implemented Cubic NURBS are defined by two end points and two control points All other manipulation of NURBS such as degree elevation Bezier Curves conversion knot removal and local smoothing or modification is not present in the current implementation The element geometric definition file gmf file contains the following keywords NENDPOINTS Number of end points used for the geometric modelling e NNURBS_CURVES Number of NURBS curves ENDPOINT_COORDINATES A list of coordinates of end points These nodes will be referred by their node number in the curve specifications Good p
40. syntax o 2D Finite element analysis FEM Dilo SOLA tu SE A doh eg tends Matt tk SENSE A ell 2S hee tek ob Mh at Dede OV E as ek ee ee a Me tel Tek ae ek Se a A Bid OVERVIEW sk SO a borat tk ee i ee SR ae ER 5 4 Program limitations 0 0 0 0 ee ee Error analysis ADAPT Gl Status ac ew oa tee Ded eae ee EG A ae eee 6 2 Synta a 2 ssa ah bate ee eee DR ode a were Bee ee 6 3 Overview doa Ps eos E bh hoe A ae ea Sg ede ee 6 4 Program limitations o rosoe soes e Viewing and printing E_PLOT32 fell Stats a Geet a De lees a Bata A aa AR Ree TD OYA hk he a Rater Sie da tig BR nee a a de aloe tes ape Tid OVEINIEW ees Blk Qe Ba nee A A ek ce Bole ees dal en eA Help aa ios ee Bee She et AD ee bee al ead 7 5 Program limitations 0 000 0 ee ee 7 6 Alternative platforms e Editing and modifying E_Library files MDFTOOLS Sl COKMDE wos ts Sk aro ea aros la e let le QEL Stalin A A e aa at as A Syntax AAA re a a o aa aa aiaa Balk ee he eee 8 1 3 Overview sa 6a le le o HE ce a a ha at Hs 8 20 CLEANUP eor fie Rhee Re aie lh eins a Bl ee he at 8 2 1 Stats 2 5 o9 Gos Pa wos ee a ee baa a ae 8 2 2 Syntax was a oa kh was ehh hese baa ee ela a eb eae SN A a oa e e a oa a MAD eo A are BAe a ae 3 3 EMP2MPR won mot ios ck Roe a bh Aedes A Aa ee ea Se eb eee Side Status iio ee oe ele MAD Soe A a ee BAe a ae 8 32 Syntax so A eas orate oe Ene Sok ke RED Siar Overview
41. tension will be added according to the output format If the file exists already it will be overwritten This filename always has to be supplied e BKGRND_MESH FILE the location and name of the background mesh definition file without the mdf extension This file is required when background or sources controlled mesh generation is chosen e BKGRND_MESH_PARAMS_FILE the location and name of the background mesh parameters file without the mpr extension This file is required when background or sources controlled mesh generation is chosen e COARSE_MESH_PARAMS_FILE the location and name of the mesh parameters file without the mpr extension This file is required when mesh parameter controlled mesh generation is chosen e LOCAL_MESH_CTRL_FILE the location and name of the local control sources file without the ctl extension This file is required when local control sources are requested 4 4 7 Smoothing The mesh that results from any of the operations mentioned above can be smoothed The only smoothing type that is currently supported is optimized Laplacian smoothing Choose LAPLACIAN or LAPLACIAN NDE if Laplacian smoothing with or without diagonal exchange is required NODAL_AVG will activate pure nodal averaging if NONE is chosen as SMOOTHING_TYPE setting no smoothing is carried out at all If smoothing is activated you also have to specify the number of smoothing iterations to be carried out This number is set by SMOOTHING_I
42. wou Wk eee ak Oe bk etl Air oe eek SO Gee 32 32 32 32 33 34 34 34 34 35 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 7 8 8 8 9 8 10 S T SAUS x coe gio edie eg ee A ods ae ee ae Re eR ea 42 SAD Syntax soe sy ne ioe Da Pel ao Bob ek Bee oe eae a ae 42 SAB Overview iit ede A cons oe ee ae ee a e 42 MAK EDOM 2 ec nk a a Re ey a Bow a ae ee 43 Siow SALSA ony oe ee an Ro eR a e 43 A 4 2 fe ne A De A 43 8 5 3 OVERVIEW ia A ae oe 43 MAKEMAT eos oe oo Sica antes a A te a er ee aha o 44 SOL OPUS Ab ll eo aad th Ene ae Re SE sed ae 44 OZ SYN AS inp Sieg en ets he i Ragen Boe iO oe Pe ee ee 44 8 0 3 sOVETVIEW ii toonai i i eo ee A A A ee 44 MAKEMBR Sii a i a Boel Oa A ee 45 LL AMS A A A eee ie Be a ee een ea 45 AZ COVINA nf Sieg Men tees he ti Ragin Boe aS tee Pe ee a ee 45 SS OVERVIEW te yea a i i eo ee Be ia Bh ae een ee 45 MDEMERGE REN ete oe Repth Boel E ee de ee ee 46 8 8 1 Statuses Bob ae ee a th Be ae A ee een ta 46 8 8 2 COVINA in po A Oe Boe ah tee Pe ee a ee 46 8 8 3 OVERVIEW tek Be i iena ia Oh rs eA een FE R ea 46 MPR2EMP 2034 gb Bee ee ee eae E a a da a BS 47 A Stat aa nu he eee be a eee ee See ee a A 47 BEDE Syntax sa Ae be ake RE r ia aa a a Ee ed a A es 47 8 9 3 Overview soni e a a a a a 47 RENUMBER 4 4 40 i i okon eri a ee ee a A 48 8101 Status soa aoa ei egy aa cn see a Se ee dae ia 48 8 10 2 Syntax sa oy be Bee de ee ee ee a da eo 48 8 10 3 Overview lt 0 4 fb eon doe ee ee a doe wat 48 8
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