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TASCOM USER MANUAL

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2. the ECB system with the TASCOM command RTG1_DIS The arguments to the _SETDIS call are First arg Display unit Number in the range 1 48 Second arg Name of display unit A 3 character string in If the name for a motor or encoder is given as the name is taken from the symbol table Third arg The type TIMER SCALER RATEMETER MOTOR or ENCODER Fourth arg Device number in the following range Scaler timer timer 0 scalers ratemeters 1 3 Motors 01 total number of motors in the experiment Encoders 01 03 without offset 41 43 2 LOADING DISPLAY PARAMETERS _SETDIS 01 RmS RATEMETER 01 _SETDIS 02 RmM RATEMETER 01 _SETDIS 03 RmF RATEMETER 01 _SETDIS 04 SCALER 01 _SETDIS 05 TIM TIMER 00 cSBEBTDEIS 06 SCALER 02 _SETDIS 07 ENCODER 01 08 q MOTOR 02 _SETDIS 09 ENCODER 02 SSEIDIS L0 VERRY os MOTOR 04 BL 25 MOTOR 05 x TERA MOTOR 06 22905 MOTOR 07 SETDIS 14 M2 MOTOR 08 SETDIS 15 AUX SCALER 03 _SETDIS 16 RdS RATEMETER 02 _SETDIS 17 RdM RATEMETER 02 _SETDIS 18 RdF RATEMETER 02 _DISUN 18 No of units to display LAST DIS rtgl 915 N
3. LOADING SECONDARY MOTOR PARAMETERS MOTOR RACK DELAY TOL DEGREE DIG BACK MPAR2 I 1 2600 1 0 02 100 2 66 _MPAR2 2 1 7 50 0 001 1000 0 _MPAR2 Sep 22 B0 2025 100 52 _MPAR2 4 zu 5 0 75 001 1000 0 2159 _MPAR2 er 3 50 001 1000 0 15 _MPAR2 6 4 1000 01 100 2 88 4 0 MPAR2 dU 4 50 01 1000 0 0 05 _MPAR2 By Axe SO 100 Oe 55 DMAN 1 ENABLE MANUAL CONTROL AGAIN LAST GEA rtgl gea NAME OF THIS FILE 60 Appendix Motor parameter files _mparl tas and _mpar2 tas mparl tas kK k kk KK KKK This file loads the first group of 10 motor parameters into the motor control block and into the motor NUMBER 0 VAR NUMBER START MAX AUTO MAN ACC RANGE ENC CONT ROT _SMPNU NUMBER START START START SPEED _SMPNU NUMBER MAX MAXIMUM SPEED _SMPNU NUMBER AUTO AUTO SLOW SPEED IN AUTO MODE SMPNU NUMBER MAN MAN SLOW SPEED IN MANUAL MODE SMPNU NUMBER ACC ACC ACCELLERATION TIME __ NUMBER DELAY DELAY START DELAY TIME _SMPNU NUMBER RANGE RANGE SPEED RANGE _SMPNU NUMBER ENC ENC ENCODER NUMBER 0 MEAN
4. E 2 9 16 19 71 IMAX 39 indirect 16 42 66 ENERET S 17 L RT 22 MN CDM CX 2 10 16 36 dotes 34 IDA RENTEN 5 39 89 rro MEINER 22 69 38 37 E E 52 TEMP AR 29 EMPAR breien 29 69 2 4 14 19 37 CLOG tes eae 37 LOG PAR 37 LOGIO S ene Sadie ce eee 2 14 19 LOGE 4 37 4 37 38 3 31 74 TOP RP gt IURE 34 LEE 2 16 M MESANE te tnde tse 21 MORE ciet eT oe 51 90 MEST ecoute nut Pe EA AGE 6 51 17121 D 39 16 25 32 33 34 62 68 MOPO 3 22 69 MOV 3 22 69 eae 3 22 69 IMS ee eerie ts inte 3 22 69 IO au 35 MULT MOT 3 31 74 N NBAT 39 89 92 2 16 NEW NEM 3 22 69 io qM MM MINE 2 16 NOD ce sU 2 16 73 10 47 c oett sis 47 2 16 68 OUPO exa acad 3 21 68 95 OW ditas medi 46 OWL AL ec RENE 46 OWL PEG eaten 46 P PN
5. 52 90 SHOW 65 SHOW US conecta ivi 65 SIM taS OM tu aeu 12 SIN oce cese tb Ri ded 2 9 14 19 SM 22 23 42 71 anaes 22 23 SIMPAR 30 DRG Mi 53 SPEC etel Ete Uu wats 53 POR TINA ptu rasa 3 SPOR INU i etes de 3 SORT us esent 2 14 19 PE 6 49 STAT waitin eee eee 40 string variables ue eee tetra 17 STREEN etd cta me viaa 17 BER LOA 17 STR LORS 17 BUE d deste dares 3 19 51 SUPPORT 26s eee ere 2 12 T TAN teo desl tee 14 19 TC command 22 22 6 48 TCOM DIR 41 44 68 81 82 cesse taba dita dies 6 48 96 4 33 asec 32 62 68 TIME tcc eret 4 33 68 TRACE Dei 45 43 63 U UNIX 46 UNIS 45 UNIX FLG aiia 46 UID 2 16 V VAR ues necem 9 10 23 41 42 61 nus tut 6 28 48 71 Ww Seu 2 4 33 69 WARN ein 5 45 2 10 16 X XMAN 89 a 89 Y uoc 5 39 89 ea kta Gk sees 5 39 89
6. is defined and CH TFRQ gt 1 the system sets the timer frequency depending on the preset value of the timer If for example CH 1234 then setting the timer preset to a value less than 1234 sets 1000 while setting the timer preset to a value greater than 1234 sets TFRQ 10 Note that the accuracy of the timer 1s one timer clock pulse If e g TFRQ 10 and the timer is used as preset timer with a preset of 1 sec the uncertainty of the preset is 1096 Therefore with a low preset always use TFRQ 1000 33 9 Data storage Data from TASCOM scans is stored on files with the extension dat The files contain only ASCII characters In dat files motor positions intensities etc can be stored at every step of the scan The data from each step in the scan appears in the file on one line The filename for dat files is constructed from a name defined by the character variable FINA e g FINA test and a segment number defined by the variable SEGN The name plus the segment number must not exceed 8 characters which is the maximum length of DOS filenames If it does exceed 8 characters FINA is shortened e g if FINA abcdef and SEGN 1234 the filename will be abcd1234 dat If name plus segment number is less than 8 characters zeros are filled in between the name and the segment number e g if FINA ab and SEGN 12 the filename will be ab000012 dat All TASCOM command files that store data should contain the assignment SEG
7. multiplication division in the above operations each element in B is operated upon with the corresponding element in C same subscript S with the arithmetic operator and each result is stored in the element of A with the same subscript S Similarly in A TAN B tangent A ABS B absolute value A EXP B e raised to the power of element LOG B natural logarithm LOG10 B logarithm base 10 SQRT B square root B negation the specified functions is executed on each element in B and each result is stored in the element of A with the same subscript Mixed type operations can be executed A B 5 D where A and B are assumed to be arrays with the same dimensions and D is a real variable The specified operation addition subtraction multiplication or division is executed using D and each element of B The result of each operation is stored in the element of A with the same subscript For example 10 B 1 X 10 SIN 30 The SUM function calculates the sum of the elements in an array e g D SUM A calculates the sum of all elements of array A The command FICO may be used to find array elements greater than a specified minimum For example FICO A 10 lists all elements of array A greater than 10 Operations on subscripted arrays Array elements can be used as real variables in all arithmetic operat
8. 0 NO DATA TO SCREEN DDEV 200 Ss DEVICE DDEV B DATA_DIR 2 0 0 48 DATA SUBDIR COMMAND FILES TCOM DIR 200 tet 48 FILE SUBDIRECTORY SFIL 2 0 0 155 STARTUP FILE 68 TASCOM procedure calls Procedure calls have scope 200 or 201 The procedure number is the fourth argument after the sign The fifth argument the value specifies the number of arguments to the procedure call If the value is 0 the number of arguments is not checked A value of 10 Specifies one of the output parameter buffers e g DPRP APRP PRINT 200 0 0 10 05 12g Executes the commands EXIT 200 0 0 100 05 12g Exit from tascom LO S 200 0 0 102 0 124 Load ascii symbol table _LO_SOU 200 0 0 118 0 5124 Load ascii symbol table _SAVE_S 200 0 0 115 0 124 Save binary symbol table _SMPNA 200 0 0 106 0 124 Set motor params by _SMPNU 200 0 0 119 0 612 Set motor params by number _SETDIS 200 0 0 107 0 124 Set display parameters _DISUN 200 0 0 108 0 12g Set No of display params HELP 200 0 0 109 0 9124 Type a HLP file Motor control REMO 200 0 0 20 2 124 Redefine motor position MOPO 200 0 0 21 Os 12g List of motor positions NEWP 200 0 0 22 2 124 Define new motor positions MOVE 200 0 0 2
9. The type character 8 must be used with all string variables e g FINA and is the only legal type character with string variables The type characters d e E f g and G are used with all numerical variables and are the only legal type characters with numerical variables EXAMPLES 1 Output of a string variable FINA MINE gt FINA format format 5105 MINE MINE 2 Output of a real variable KUK 5 5 gt format 10 3g format 10 3f format 10d 955 5 500 6 2 Output of a real variable KUK 0000123 gt flag format 10 3g format 10 3f format 10d 1 23e 05 0 000 0 1 23 05 0 000 0 0 01 23e 05 00000 000 000000000 1 23 05 0 000 0 2 Output of a real variable KUK 123456 gt flag format 10 3g format 10 3f format 10d 1 23 05 123456 000 123456 0 01 23 05 123456 000 000123456 1 23 05 123456 000 123456 80 Appendix L Restart of TASCOM after errors In case of error that does not allow TASCOM to restart normally use one of the following procedures to get TASCOM running again See also appendix G page 73 on how to reload the ECB program 1 Restart the ECB system Exit TASCOM with the EXIT command if possible Switch off the ECB system Check that the GPIB cable is connected correctly Switch on the EC
10. eb EE 88 91 PA OUT 91 PATH DAT 45 PATE TAS za Maie tanda 45 39 PEAK B eater 39 H 39 ps ate 6 48 PIDD 6 48 BIN T aus evo eee te agen 2229 P OG 38 aute pen M PRIOR EUER 5 39 RETE 5 39 PO DE 3 21 68 PP OW sericea 3525 7 PROD 3 23 71 e 25 PRDE 3 25 PRES 2 8 10 23 32 33 41 68 71 PROMP Secun shia 43 67 PROU 4 16 35 51 68 78 PRSC A co 32 68 71 R RATE asian anes 4 33 68 REAP etos pas 4 34 37 40 69 REMO 25 3 21 38 59 64 69 36 REPO MIS 65 RMCA Lies poti dede aia 6 51 90 RRED eee eres 6 49 ital 62 rtg _ 59 74 81 82 MUX oe 75 RTOSTPR 17 5 S INDEX 66 SAVE EIN REUS 36 DIR deles 41 BEAR cu 4 36 52 SEGN 4 10 34 64 68 72 81 82 semicolon 17 18 42 43 SFIO DEF ennan ana dad 44 SHOWA d 3 18 65 SHOW DD
11. arg3 Linear Y axes with error bars LOG10 Y axes with error bars Linear Y axes without error bars LOG10 Y axes without error bars arg4 Gaussian fit to data points Lorentzian fit to data points Triangular fit to data points o fit to data points Tascom fit to data points arg5 Do not connect data points Connect data points 2 3 4 2 6 7 r 0 1 2 3 4 E 0 1 2 3 r 0 1 2 3 4 r 0 1 In the following some typical uses of the PLOT program and the transfer of TASCOM variables to PLOT will be discussed Tascom scan on line plot arg 1 This mode of PLOT creates a live display of a TASCOM scan while the scan is being measured for example the position of a motor on the x axis and the measured counts on the y axis To enter this mode PLOT must be started in the directory where TASCOM stores the files with plot data and that depends on the TASCOM variable PLOTDIR If _PLOTDIR 0 the plot data files are in the directory specified by DATA DIR ie the same directory as the data files If PLOTDIR 1 the plot data files are in directory 88 usr users tascom data The names of the plot data files plot mat and plot plt and they are updated by TASCOM during the scan with variables and data used by PLOT When the scan is finished EOF is written at the end of the file plot plt and when PLOT reads that it starts the actions wanted at the end of the scan for example tries to make a fit to the data or make a pri
12. the HPD memory is read when Tascom is idle The data read is stored on a file as well as in the two dimensional array HPCH If the array does not exist it must be defined by the user with DIM HPCH 48 5 HPD FILE File name for data read when RFM 1 For example HPD_FILE mine creates a file mine hp for the data in the users data directory HPCHnnn String variable for assigning a name to channel nnn where nnn is a three digit channel number between 101 and 122 for the first group of channels and between 201 and 222 for the second group For example HPCH105 AREA assigns the name area to channel 105 The name is output to the file together with the other channel data If the assigned name is the name of a Tascom symbol the symbol is updated with the measured value from the channel at each read out Example 1 Set trigger HPD TRIG COUNT 400 or VALUE 400 HPD TRIG COUNT VALUE Example 2 Ask trigger setting HPD TRIG COUNT 4 00000000E 02 Return message printed if command was from keyboard VDIG is set to VDIG 400 Array HPDA may have a return message like 56 HPDA 0 43 ASCII value of character HPDA 1 52 ASCII value of character 4 HPDA 2 46 ASCII value of character HPDA 3 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 4 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 5 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 6 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 7 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 8 48 ASC
13. 16 68 DEA PME 36 AOUT eae qe 245 54 eu 109 909 019 UII S EESTI S SER 37 DFIH TERES 4 34 69 1 10 eee us ae 4 34 36 69 seen 4 37 52 4 35 68 93 edo e tan aS 3 18 20 51 DIRTAS c D d 4l DIS OUN IS Seis cecinisse 26 DIS PARN aside 26 iro MR EN 4 37 DMAN ees 3 26 60 71 51 IDO 2 9 16 DO BE RP Gass 45 uen tavern 10 36 37 39 89 sanc 4 34 36 69 TP 40 iius tuc ee 39 E 2 16 71 51 END c elected da 2 16 69 71 o LN 2 16 11 14 64 69 81 82 RM A 2 19 PEAU 32 eect toe clan ance 32 IA d luec teria 32 FS AE lo DM 32 E 32 MERO 32 E MON 32 Mu 32 phones 2 17 tr seca nt Ee DAG PAR 4 36 52 rd i 37 4 35 45 65 69 3 19 51 PINE 58 Eh NDAT d heler 58 EIL OPEN ute 58 EJ PAIR riche Oed 58 ec 58 BIDS BB tie 58 AR
14. Motor set up files mparl tas mpar2 tas Display specification file rtg1 dis tas Symbol table example Programming keys on the manual box Changing of motor names How to reload the ECB program from the PC Set up of motor multiplexing with P2324 GDEV general GPIB device command Format specification of TASCOM variables Restart of TASCOM after errors Linux Quick Reference Guide Emacs editor TASCOM Directory tree The PLOT program 1 Introduction This manual is a user s guide to the program TASCOM Triple Axis Spectrometer COMmands As the name indicates the program was devised for a particular type of diffractometer but the program s structure is so general that it has been adapted to many other diffraction instruments The program is written in C but it is not expected that the user of this manual will need to alter the source code Certain key aspects of the program s internal structure will however be discussed in this manual This introduction describes the main features of TASCOM The following sections deal in more detail with these features Command files The most powerful feature of TASCOM is that it has its own simple programming language with some resemblance to BASIC This allows one to write customized command files for performing certain scans These command files all have the extension tas e g myscan tas The command file is executed simply by typing the name without the extension and pressing the return or e
15. and type cp usr users tasfiles command sys cfkey7 tas The last in the cp command refers to the current directory i e your command directory Please do not make changes in cfkey7 tas in the system command directory Video monitor Associated with the manual control box is a video monitor with a four line display To set up the display choose the line of the display 1 4 using the Select button and then toggle forwards backwards through the list of motor names scalers and ratemeters using the button scroll scroll These variable names are defined in the 25 display parameter file e g bw2_dis tas for bw2 see an example in Appendix C Note that the ratemeters e g RmS are not TASCOM variables as such but only appear on the screen Note that when the Manual switch is in the On position the motor chosen on knob always appears underlined at the first line of the display Alternatively the display may be set up from Tascom with the command DIS_UNIT The syntax is DIS UNIT linel line2 line3 line4 where the arguments are the display unit numbers from the display parameter file For example using the display parameter file in Appendix C the command DIS_UNIT 5 6 17 11 results in the timer TIM beeing displayed on line 1 on the monitor scaler I on line 2 ratemeter RdM on line 3 and motor number 5 on line 4 At the top of the video display a box diagram indicates which motors are running filled boxe
16. b print newl The script reads two arguments a and b and returns a b and a b Called form Linux owltest 10 4 it returns 40 and 2 5 From Tascom the command owl is used like gt 10 b 4 x1 0 x2 0 gt OWL owltest a b x1 x2 After the owl command x1 and x2 are set to the two values returned from owltest x1 is set to 40 and x2 to 2 5 On line Data Access If the TASCOM web server is installed on the PC TASCOM may be accessed from the Internet using a standard World Wide Web browser This is achieved by pointing the browser to the URL address http hastasbw1 desy de where hastasbw1 desy de should be replaced with the hostname of the PC on which TASCOM runs The use of this facility is largely self explanatory This feature is controlled by the variable ODA_ON If for some reason remote access should not be allowed it may be disabled by setting ODA ON 0 It may be re enabled with ODA ON I The ODA status window shows a number of Tascom variables These are specified in the file for BW1 bwl oda tas in usr users tasfiles command sys The file may be edited to get other Tascom variables The file is loaded by typing the file name e g bw1 oda and the edited set up will be used at the next update of the ODA status window Help feature There is a HELP command in TASCOM which contains the quick reference list and other subtopics The list of subtopics is obtained by typing HELP A given subtopic SUBT is output b
17. for instance the internal variable FINA represents the first characters of the filenames where TASCOM stores data TASCOM supports array variables Arrays are particular useful for storage of counts from position sensitive detectors and multichannel analyzers User variables can be defined at any time in terms of internal variables or other already defined user variables For example USER M1 M2 defines the variable USER and calculates its value from the present motor positions M1 and M2 In contrast to user defined commands tas files the names of user defined variables are stored in the symbol table filling a previously empty slots there Note that for a variable which is defined in terms of other TASCOM variables the value of the variable is normally not automatically updated if one of the variables in terms of which it was defined changes Arithmetic and logic As well as recognizing variables and commands the TASCOM programming language can perform basic arithmetic and recognizes a number of standard functions e g SIN X Certain logical operations are also supported e g IF WHILE and DO A description of the mathematics and logic recognized by TASCOM is given in section 3 A good understanding of this is essential to make the most of the programming capabilities of TASCOM Assignments In common with BASIC the sign plays a special role in TASCOM It assigns the variable on the left hand side to be equal to the number variabl
18. outputs a list showing for each motor the soft limits i e the value of L lt motorname gt and U lt motorname gt In addition LIPO indicates if the upper and lower hardware limit switches are open so that the motor is unable to move in the direction indicated The symbol isusedto indicate an open hardware limit switch In some cases it is efficient to move several motors simultaneously This is done by first defining the final positions of all the motors to be moved using the command NEWP for example 1 1000 NEWP 2 2000 NEWP M3 3000 Then using the command MOVE No motor moves until MOVE is executed Then all the motors defined by NEWP starts to move if they can if some of the motors share a power supply as may be the case with Riso motor drives these motors will run one at a time Normally while motors are running TASCOM is busy and other commands cannot be performed However the command MSTA allows one to start a motor running and return to the TASCOM gt prompt mode This can be useful for example while moving one motor a very long distance The syntax is MSTA 1 10 The motor can then be stopped at any point using the command MSTO The syntax is MSTO MI Note that the backlash compensation is not working with the MSTA command since that internally in TASCOM requires two motor settings one to the wanted position plus or minus the backlash compensation followed by one to the correct position Only the first
19. 2 er command emn ren usr uscrs and C reg es las es j m command filos 2 5 CU 191808 matlab Matlab files 0100 VIdQUAD CS E bags ure m array DYSTE arrays eye file and asco exe and v t U cM AL net command ha CO LU oads a new symbol table u v WO 87 Appendix The PLOT program The following is a description of a program called PLOT that is used to create a live display of the data measured by TASCOM while the data are accumulated PLOT can also display old data stored in data files created by TASCOM In addition PLOT can print out the displayed picture on paper PLOT is started by typing plot followed by up to five arguments to args If no arguments are typed a help message is shown See the example below plot In the directory where the data files are saved type plot argl arg2 arg3 arg4 arg5 where the arguments are argl 1 Tascom scan on line plot Data from dat file Linear detector on line plot Data from dar file from linear detector Area detector 128 x 128 on line plot Data from dar file from area detector Array data from p al arg2 No hard copy Hard copy after each scan Make PostScript file Hard copy several scans default order Hard copy several scans page 1 top left
20. 73 Appendix Set up of motor multiplexing with P2324 The P2324 Octal motor drive can multiplex eight motors from one ECB motor control port Since the P2048 ECB motor control module has four control ports one P2048 may be connected to four P2324s and thereby control up to 32 motors There are some restrictions when using P2324 in particular that the eight motors connected to one P2324 cannot run at the same time and this must be set up in the motor gearing file e g gea tas for the X Ray spectrometer and described in appendix A Each time one of the multiplexed motors is going to run the motor parameters for the motor that was last running are saved in the ECB memory while the parameters for the motor that is going to run are loaded from the ECB memory to P2048 Thus TASCOM must know the multiplexing scheme in detail When multiplexing is used the parameter MULT MOT must be set to MULT_MOT 1 If multiplexing is not used MULT 0 After a new value has been assigned to MULT MOT TASCOM must be exited and restarted before the new value is valid A print of which motors are multiplexed may be obtained with the list port command LPORT The motor multiplexing is set up with one of the set port commands SPORTNA _SPORTNU The syntax is _SPORTNA Motor name Port number Line number _SPORTNU Motor number Port number Line number Port number is the number on the output port on the ECB motor control module P2048 If the ECB
21. LM2 UM2 which outputs MOTOR STATUS 1 5432 LMI 11000 UMI 15000 M2 657 LM2 10000 UM2 1000 Format of variables The format in which a variable is output may be specified by the user A format specification is included in the symbol table for each symbol User defined symbols are given the default format 12 5g for real symbols and 9612s for string symbols With the command US FORM the user can define another format to be used for new real user symbols e g US FORM 15 7g Following an assignment to US FORM Tascom must be exited and reentered The FORMAT command is used to show or change the format for symbols For example FORMAT PROU shows the format for symbol PROU while FORMAT PROU 5d 15 sets the format for symbol PROU to 9054 i e integer with 5 digits precision A detailed description of the argument to the FORMAT statement and the format specification in the symbol table is found in the appendix page 78 Indirect variables A variable may be addressed indirectly by making an assignment to it with the indirect character For example MOTOR MI assigns the variable MOTOR to M1 After the assignment commands with MOTOR act g MOTOR 100 sets motor to position 100 and MOTOR reads the position of motor M1 In the same way SCALER MON SCALER reads and prints the monitor scaler Control statements In TASCOM it is possible to do loops and nested scans by using the control st
22. YMAX LIMY 2 autoscaling with baseline 0 LIMY 3 autoscaling with baseline YMIN YMIN YMAX Min and max for the y axis if LIMY 1 eg YMIN 0 YMAX 10000 Background correction at Tascom fit arg4 4 NBAC Number of background points BACK Background counts If both BACK 0 and NBAC 0 no background correction 89 Plot of old Tascom data files 1 2 This mode of PLOT creates a display of data from a Tascom data file To enter this mode PLOT must be started in the directory where the data file is stored To start PLOT in this mode open a window cd to the right directory and type eg PLOT 2 A plot window should now appear In the original window the user is asked several questions to specify the plot eg the name of the data file and which variables from the file should be plotted PLOT is terminated by typing ctrl c in the original window Linear detector on line plot arg1 3 This mode of PLOT creates a live display of data from a linear detector ie the data in the P2126a Histogramming memory NIM module A part of the PC s memory is shared by TASCOM and PLOT and the data in the histogramming memory module is read by TASCOM to this shared memory from where PLOT reads the data The histogramming memory module is read and the shared memory thereby updated when the read detector command MCRE or RMCA is executed If a counting is started with the COUN command and if the TASCOM variable DD_DISP 1 then the shared memory is up
23. an assignment of a new value to the variable SEGN e g by the command line SEGN SEGN 1 in the standard scan command file sma tas but if REOPEN 1 the assignment to SEGN will leave SEGN unchanged Instead at the next OUT command the old data file will be opened for append of more data and at the same time REOPEN F is set to REOPEN F 0 so that following assignment to SEGN will result in new data files being opened Output of arrays An array or a fraction of an array may be output to the screen or to a dat file using the normal OUT command In this case all specified elements of the array are output on the same may be very long line as the other parameters in the respective parameter buffers For example DFIP OM A 6 15 or DPRP MI AUX A In the latter case all elements of array A are output Large arrays may also be stored in a separate data array file in ASCII form Data array files have extension dar The filename is constructed as described above for data files but uses the variables FIAR e g FIAR test and a segment number SEAR The arrays to output are defined in the file array parameter buffer FIA which are operated upon with the commands DFIA define file array parameters AFIA append file array parameters and LFIA list file arrray parameters For example DFIA A specifies output of array A to a data array files on each OUT command As with dat data files a variable OW DAR decides whether or not dar fi
24. and num2 as well as the index to the symbol see below may be read by TASCOM functions Index Internally in TASCOM each symbol is assigned an index which is a value between 1 and the maximum number of symbols that the symbol table can have It is possible to get the index to a symbol with the command G_INDEX symbol eg G INDEX FINA returns the index to symbol FINA If a symbol is undefined 0 is returned Thus the command may be used to check whether a certain symbol is defined or not If the symbol is an indirect symbol the index of the symbol to which the indirect symbol points is returned for example if for the indirect symbol MOTOR MOTOR OMM so that MOTOR points to OMM the commands G INDEX MOTOR G INDEX OMM both return the index to symbol OMM For an indirect symbol the command INDEX i symbol where i symbol is an indirect symbol can be used to point to a certain symbol For example S INDEX MOTOR INDEX OMM is identical to MOTOR OMM A possible use of the G INDEX and S INDEX commands is is to temporarely save a pointer used by an indirect symbol assign a new pointer and later re assign the saved pointer For example the program sekvens XX G INDEX MOTOR S INDEX MOTOR INDEX OMM S INDEX MOTOR XX first saves the pointer of the indirect symbol MOTOR in the variable XX then assigns a new pointer OMM to MOTOR then executes one or more commands with th
25. command file the file may be specified with or without the tas extension and the command directories are searched for the file in the order described above The first file found that matches the specification 15 typed If a path is specified the file may be located in any directory and is typed if the user has permission to read the file For example TYPE usr users tasfiles help me hlp TYPE bin owltest The latter example will type the file usr users tascom bin owltest The command TYPE may be used similarly but types only files from the system command directories i e from usr users tasfiles command sys and directories specified by SCOM DIR for example 43 TYPE sma TYPE t100123 tas Startup command file It may be convenient for the user to give certain variable values or execute certain commands every time TASCOM 15 entered These should be included in a tas command file and the variable SFIL gives the name of the file e g SFIL myst The file myst tas must be in the subdirectory defined by the user with TCOM DIR or in usr users tasfiles command sys When TASCOM is started and if a startup file myst tas exists the user is asked Do you want to run myst tas Y N N The default answer is normally N for no If the variable SFIL DEF is SFIL_DEF 1 the default answer is Y for yes Name checking A TASCOM command file should not have the same name as one of the symbols in the symbol table For example a
26. depending on the value of arg4 If arg4 4 a fit is made using the same algorithms that TASCOM uses to analyse peak data and the same variables are calculated see Chapter 10 Therefore when PLOT is started with arg4 4 the user is asked to input NBAC the number of background points If NBAC 0 the user is futher asked to input BACK the fixed background 92 ASI haat 2 14 GTN GEM cach ea 2 14 ALMY ea 91 ASK VAR 42 ASK CC SE la OR 32 PTE tesa ec E aue oV 2 14 ATEXT ee 91 2 14 CAXIAB ee e ase 91 Iur 14 CAXMAX ee 91 TOS TR ad 17 91 AUX 16 25 32 33 34 36 37 62 68 ANTAD cae otn 91 Eo asians 91 B CY MIN nd coh SE 91 BACK aua NRE 39 89 92 76 BBE Pc 5 45 3 28 29 71 BEEOR dox unio 43 SGMPNU Gea 3 28 39 76 DW distas estre ostio 28 73 76 bwl gea tas 28 30 31 64 73 E 14 S 31 64 68 69 72 78 81 82 C 64 69 5 45 68 48 37 39 M TIMO 3 21 E 6 48 _MOD 44 65
27. ee desee sn e o SISSE oue 0050 00 9 00909 00 0 14 CFKEYi DEEP 70 OW DAR 36 CLOSE T eee sean un 34 OW 34 lacie 6 51 _PLOTDIR 88 91 Shek 4 32 68 69 SAVE S 11 64 72 COLOUR a2 mui atria 5 45 _SCHECK 5 44 38 _ sese 52 comments Since 43 _SMPNA MP E 3 21 24 28 29 30 71 control A 15 _SMPNU Si eer efi 3 28 30 61 control C 11 21 32 43 45 52 SPORTNA sse 3 74 control oa 15 SPORTNU eee 3 74 75 control R RR 15 44444 04 4 22 65 an 15 US FORM seen 15 EO ME 2 14 COST aa 4 32 69 COUN 4 16 32 33 69 70 ABS 2 14 19 WiC S tena otis 2 14 D ACOC E TELLE 14 DATA DIR STA 4 35 68 81 82 ADC WiecsesssesecsesedesvesvVs OC ROTOR Re oe 54 DD REPE A EDS 6 51 52 AFIA esie s e oes os ome eue ds c eU ee ace s e e 36 DD DISP LEE sd oh us Mate 52 90 DAMEN 4 34 69 3 18 65 4 10 19 34 52 69 BEL AWA 18 ALOG esee 37 DEUS usq 65 AND 2
28. fatal errors are control C typed by the user and overflow of the node table Error messages may be printed on black background if symbol COLOUR is COLOUR 1 or with red characters if COLOUR 2 Normal background and characters are used if COLOUR 0 Error messages may be followed by a beep on the computer loudspeaker if symbol BEEP is BEEP 1 or 2 If BEEP 2 a beep is given also at each prompt The command DO_BEEP gives a beep This may be used to produce beeps e g at the end of a measurement The symbol table has a finite length and if too many user symbols have been created TASCOM will report that no more symbols can be created In such cases the user can erase user defined variables see the appendix page 65 The command FICA gives a list of some important variables and the amount of free space in the symbol table Calculation mode It is often convenient to test certain diffractometer geometries without moving motors For example to see whether a certain point in reciprocal space is compatible with all motor limits TASCOM has a calculation mode which can be invoked by setting the status variable CALC 1 In calculation mode the TASCOM prompt appears as gt All commands that normally move motors or set temperature or otherwise communicate with spectrometer hardware are ineffective in calculation mode but symbol table values are updated On exiting calculation mode by setting CALC 0 the original symbol table values are restored Unix Li
29. lowercase input to uppercase e g EXIT Exit and exit result in the same command TASCOM does not distinguish between integer and real input but translates all input to real Exceptions to this rule are variables defined as character strings Such character strings may have a length of up to 256 characters A real variable is output as real or integer depending on the format specified for the variable Variable and command names can be any combination of up to eight letters digits or underscore _ They must not start with a digit and only certain system variables and commands should start with underscore User symbols must not start with an underscore Motor names may only have up to three letters or digits and must start with a letter or the string 2T The at sign is used for indirect variables Mathematical expressions recognized by TASCOM can involve the following elements quA qq ABS EXP LOG LOG10 SQRT SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS ATAN ATAN2 ASI ACO and ATA may be used instead of ASIN ACOS and ATAN respectively for compatibility with older TASCOM versions In addition integer and fraction of a real symbol is returned by the command GET INT eg GET INT MI returns integer part and fractional part of symbol M1 in the variables INT MOD respectively Assignments As in BASIC the sign assigns the numerical value of the expression on its right hand side which may involve other variables and mathematical functions to the
30. of certain variables e g intensity motor positions on a file and move to the next step of the scan There are commands to describe which variables are stored on the file at each step which ones are written to the screen and which ones are used to make a simple plot of the scan on the screen when the scan 15 finished If need be some variables which do not change during the scan can be stored at the top of the data file for reference Data storage All the data files produced by TASCOM have extension dat if they are from a scan The special data array files that holds arrays from reading the MCA have extension dab or dar Both types of data files have a name consisting of seven letters or less plus a segment number which increases by one each scan TASCOM has facilities for keeping different users data files in different directories External access TASCOM has a facility that allows other programs to communicate with it and in this way obtain various useful information such as motor positions values of scalers data from partially completed measurements etc This facility is called ODA for online data access A software package is available separately that interfaces TASCOM to the World Wide Web and allows the remote supervision over the Internet of experiments controlled by TASCOM The following shows the structure of a typical command file actually a somewhat reduced version of the standard scan file sma tas VAR MOTOR MBEG
31. of character V i e the return string was 13 0V followed by car return Example 3 Send message to a device at GPIB address 2 The message string must be terminated by a newline character No return message is expected _GADDR 2 _GWTERM 10 Terminator character linefeed ASCII value 10 on write _GRTERM 0 No return message from the addressed device GDEV START Send START followed by newline to the device No return message in array GD Note The following GPIB device addresses are in use 1 Prema DVM 2 HP power supply 3 Histogarmming memory for MCA 5 ECB system 8 Temperature controller 11 XG control FYS RTG1 12 HP Data Acquisition Switch Unit BW1 14 Reserved T Appendix FORMAT specification of variables The format in which a variable is output may be specified by the user A format specification is included in the symbol table for each symbol see appendix D The command FORMAT may be used to show or change the format for symbols e g FROMAT PROU shows the format for symbol PROU while FORMAT PROU 5d sets the format for PROU to 5d i e integer with 5 digits precision Formats specified with the FORMAT command are overwritten by the formats from the symbol table when a new symbol table is loaded with the LO S command Each format conversion specification in the symbol table or as argument in the FORMAT command has the following syntax flags width prec type character The perce
32. op gt TCOM DIR name of user directory Set user directory gt MY SYMB Load symbol values from my symb tas gt SAVE S Save new binary version of symbol table 72 Appendix G How to reload the ECB C program from the PC In case of error in the ECB system e g the ECB display is locked or not reacting on the scrollbox and if it does not help to restart the ECB system as described in Restart of TASCOM after errors the ECB program might have to be reloaded from the PC Proceed as follows Restart the ECB system by power off power on Thereafter for the next 10 seconds the display shows STARTING ECB During this period press the UP or DOWN button at the lower right corner on the manual motor box When the 10 seconds have elapsed the display changes and shows ECB PROGRAM NOT STARTED LOAD NEW ECB PROGRAM or ECB PROGRAM NOT VALID LOAD NEW ECB PROGRAM Load the ECB program from the workstation by giving the command LOAD_ECB When this program has been succesfully run and the ECB program thereby reloaded the ECB display should change to show either a blank screen or some ealier display set up Start TASCOM with the Linux command tascom Restore the motor parameters and the display parameters by loading the gearing file e g bwl gea tas and the display set up file e g bw1_dis tas Check the motor positions and restore them if necessary Exit and reenter TASCOM in order to save the present state of TASCOM
33. page 24 DISP RM Display running motors PPOI PPO2 Positions set in P mode by control box cfkey7 tas P mode standard scan of motor i DMAN DMAN 0 deactivates manual box from terminal PPOS Position of midpoint in P mode PINT Intensity at midpoint in PMODE PRDE Scaler to be read for PINT e g PRDE 2 for I DIS_UNIT nl n2 n3 n4 Set lines nl to n4 on display 7 Motor names and parameters page 28 bwl gea tas bwl dis tas bwl mux tas _SMPNA SMPNU _ GMPNU LMPAR LMPAR 1 3 SMPAR file name MULT MOT LPORT _SPORTNA SPORTNU File with motor parameters gearing file File with display set up parameters File with P2324 multiplexing parameters Set Motor Parameters Get Motor Parameters List Motor Parameters Save Motor Parameters in file Multiplexing of motors with the Octal drive List multiplexing of motors Set motor multiplexing see appendix 8 Counting scalers and ratemeters page 32 MON I AUX TIM MON AUX TIM PRSC PRES COUN COST COFL _ASK CC RdS RdM RdF RmS RmM RmF RaS RaM RaF RATE WAIT s TIME GET TIME TFRQ _CH_TFRQ 9 Data storage FINA SEGN CLOSE F OW DAT LPRP LFIP LFIH DPRP DFIP DFIH APRP AFIP AFIH REAP FICA DFIT MTOU OUT AOUT FIOU PROU AROU DATA DIR REOPEN F FIAR SEAR OW DAR FINL LOGF LOGP _LOGDIR LLOG DLOG ALOG LOG PAR LOG PLOG COMM LOG_CLOS Monitor detector auxiliary timer Read monitor detector etc
34. performing a check of whether the new position is outside the lower and upper software limits of M1 LM1 and set by the user If so an error message is returned otherwise the motor is moved The status variable POTE determines whether the test of compatibility with the limits is performed Normally POTE 1 and the test is performed but by setting POTE 0 the user can override software limits If the status variable OUPO 1 a warning is written if the desired position is outside the limits By setting the motor fix parameter to 1 it is possible to lock a motor so that it cannot be moved by a software command This is done with the SMPNA command see later If an attempt is made to move a fixed motor a warning is written provided OUPO 1 and POTE 1 If POTE 0 the motor is moved even if the fix parameter is set Soft limits and the fixed motor feature are valid when motors are controlled by TASCOM commands not when a motor is run from the manual box With the manual box a fixed motor may be moved and a motor may be moved past a soft limit but not past a hardware limit Motor movement can be aborted at any time by control C or by pressing the ERROR ON switch on the motor drive system Motor movement is aborted if the motor setting time out is exceeded This is specified by M TIMO in seconds If M TIMO 0 or if the variable M TIMO does not exist the motor setting time out feature is disabled The number on the motor s aborted is returne
35. setting is done with the MSTA command Scan with one or two motors To scan with motor A and B use one of the two command files sma tas Scan Motor A or smab tas Scan Motor A and B These command files require as input The motor name s as indirect variables start motor position and end motor position number of points in the scan and preset time or count for the preset unit Example 1 Scan motor OM from position 100 to 200 in 11 steps with preset 1 SMA 22 MOTOR 2T OM MBEG 1 5 100 2 25 200 NPOI 11 PRES 100 1 The values in square brackets are the present assignments to the variables If a car return is typed as the first and only character after equal sign the value of the variable is unchanged The same scan may be specified in one line SMA OM 100 200 11 1 Example 2 Scan motor 2TM from position 5 to 5 and motor OM from position 0 5 to 10 5 in 7 steps with preset 2 5 SMAB 2TM 5 5 OM 0 5 10 5 7 2 5 In the above commands the sign is optional The VAR command at the start of the files sma tas and smab tas does expect indirect variable names but if the s are missing they are added by the VAR command 23 6 Manual control box and video monitor The front panel of the manual control box is shown in the figure below Motors are set up to manual mode with the Manual button or switch on the panel The desired motor is then selected with the knob and driven with the
36. system has six P2048 modules with four ports each 1 lt Port number lt 24 Line number is either 0 if the motor is not multiplexed or the number on the output line on the Octal motor drive if the motor is multiplexed Thus 0 Line number lt 8 The SPORTNU and SPORRTNA commands must be executed with the motor numbers in consecutive order starting with motor 1 It is therefore most practical to use a tas command file for the multiplexing set up An example is given below 74 SET UP OF THE MULTIPLEXER CONFIGURATION FILE NAME rtgl_mux tas LOADING MOTOR PORT CONFIGURATION MOTOR NUMBI ER PORT LINE _SPORTNU 1 1 0 _SPORTNU 2 2 0 SPORTNU 3 own 29 0 _SPORTNU 4 4 0 lt SPORTNU 5 5 0 _SPORTNU 6 26 y 10 _SPORTNU 7 7 1 _SPORTNU 8 7 2 SSPORTNU 9 7 3 _SPORTNU 10 7 4 _SPORTNU 11 7 5 _SPORTNU 12 8 1 _SPORTNU 13 8 2 _SPORTNU 14 8 3 SPORTNU 15 8 4 LAST MUX rtgl mux NAME OF THIS FILE This example is for an instrumentation with two P2048 ECB motor modules i e eight ports six P1604 Motor drives and two P2324 Octal motor drives The commands are given with the motor numbers in consecutive order from motor 1 to 15 The non multiplexed motors must come first motors 1 to 6 Then five motors controlled by port seven and multiplexed through the first five drive output line
37. upper limit and presses the button lower upper to set this limit In P mode pressing button pos 1 2 prints and saves the actual position of the motor selected with the box First time the button is pressed the position is saved in the variable PPOI next time in PPO2 Also in P mode a simple standard scan may be defined and executed Move the motor to the scan start position and press button 1 2 peak The intensity is counted for 2 sec Then move to the scan end point and press button pos 1 2 peak Again the intensity is counted for 2 sec Then TASCOM moves the motor to the midpoint count for 2 sec and prints the result The variables PPOI and PPO2 contain the most recent positions chosen in the P mode The midpoint is PPOS and the measured intensity is PINT The measured intensity PINT can come from one of the three scalers as determined by PRDE so that if PRDE 1 2 or 3 then MON I or AUX is measured respectively This procedure is defined in the command files cfkey1 tas and cfkey2 tas To execute the standard scan in P mode press both buttons at the same time This will run the command file cfkey7 tas in the system command directory The cfkey7 tas file defines a scan from PPOI to PPO2 and is listed in the appendix The user can copy cfkey7 tas to his command directory and edit the file for example to set the number of points in the scan or the counting time To copy the file cd to your command directory
38. use AYMIN and AYMAX _ALIMY 2 autoscaling with baseline 0 _ALIMY 3 autoscaling with baseline _AY MIN _AYMIN Min and max for the y axis if ALIMY 1 eg _AYMAX _AYMIN 0 _AYMAX 10000 _AXLAB Labels for x and y axis string variables Eg _AYLAB _AXLAB MOT _AYLAB Counts _ATEXT Plot headline string variable Eg Testing Making prints arg2 91 After completion of each scan a print is made depending on the value of arg2 The print is made on the system s default printer ie the printer used when the Linux Ipd command is given without the P switch to specify a printer If arg2 1 a print is made of the scan just completed with one scan on each piece of paper If arg2 2 a postscript file is made for later printing If arg2 3 or arg2 4 a postscript file is made that is printed after a specified number of scans ie with more that one scan on each piece of paper When PLOT is started with 2 3 or arg2 4 the user is asked Number of pictures in each Postscript file In response type a value between 1 and 25 If a print is wanted before all the scans are made type ctrl c PLOT asks the question Abort a or complete c print Answer c if you want a print of the scans remaining to be printed and then continue PLOT Answer a if you want to print the scans remaining and then leave PLOT Fit of scan arg4 After completion of each scan a fit of the data is made assuming that a peak has been measured and
39. variable on the left hand side For example M7 M7 LOG STEP String variables are entered enclosed in single quotation marks e g mine The maximum length of the string is 256 characters When a previously undefined variable is assigned a value or a string e g USER 2000 or I then the variable is defined as a new user symbol and fills an empty a slot in the symbol table If TASCOM encounters an undefined variable in an expression e g MI USER 40 where USER does not already exist in the symbol table an error message will result The size of the symbol table is finite so it may occasionally be necessary to erase user defined variables from the table If a car return is typed immediately after the sign in an assignment then on the following line is printed the symbol name an sign and the present value of the symbol The user may then edit this line It is particular useful when making modifications in long string variables This feature works only for assignments from the keyboard not assignments in tas command files Command strings The purpose of command files is to avoid having to repeatedly type in long strings of commands However a series of commands and assignments can also 14 be executed simply by typing them on one line after the gt prompt All commands and assignments must be separated by at least one blank character In the following example TASCOM moves motor M2 counts move
40. while counting PRSC 0 preset time PRSC 1 preset MON PRES in seconds or in monitor counts Count for preset PRES and read scalers Start counting and return control to TASCOM If scalers still counting COFL 1 1 Ask if Control c stop counting Detector ratemeter Slow Medium Fast Monitor ratemeter Slow Medium Fast Auxiliary ratemeter Slow Medium Fast ratemeters enabled all the time Wait s seconds Returns time in seconds Update YEAR MONTH DAY etc Timer frequency TFRQ 1000 or 10 Automatic shift between TFRQ 1000 or 10 page 34 Filename of dat data file Segment number of dat data file Close all open data file 0 data files are not overwritten List PRint Params FIle Params FIle Header Define PRint Params Params Header Append PRint Params Params FIle Header Remove all appended parameters Lists buffers and file names Define file text e g DFIT Background scan 1 motor positions on file header writes PRP FIP variables to screen file writes FIA variables to array data file FIOU 0 then no variables to file PROU O then no variables to screen AROU O then no variables to array data file Define data subdirectory Reopen a data file Filename of dab or dar array data file Segment number of dab or dar array data file 0 array data files are not overwritten Define logfile name e g FINL mylog Log file printer enable disable Path for logfile List Define or Append LOG buffer Log bu
41. will be loaded probably causing some confusion The name of the ASCII symbol table file is stored in the variable SYM NAME when the ASCII symbol table file is loaded with LO S Since SYM NAME is a read only variable it is always possible with the command SYM NAME to see what symbol table is in use The actions performed by the two versions of the load commands for the ASCII symbol table file are the following S name Loads ASCII symbol table file and creates a new binary symbol table Assigns the values from the ASCII symbol table file to the symbols and resets motor parameters to TASCOM default values not the same as in e g gea tas Following LO S command motor parameters and display set up must be reloaded with the appropriate commands e g for the spectrometer BW1 GEA and 1 DIS respectively Symbols like SEGN FINA and other must be redefined and the position of all motors with encoders must be checked and possibly changed with the REMO command The LO S command is used when major changes are made or e g if the value of a read only symbol is changed SOU name Appends new symbols from ASCII symbol table file to the existing binary symbol table The values and symbols in the existing binary symbol table including user defined symbols are not changed LO SOU is used when the only change to a symbol table is the addition of new symbols If an attempt is made to load an incorrect ASCII s
42. 3 0 51264 Move to position defined by MSTA 200 0 0 24 2 5124 Starts motor running MSTO 200 0 0 25 1 124 Stops motor started by MSTA LIPO 200 0 0 27 0 124 Output list of soft limits LMPARL 200 0 0 29 0 124 List primary motor params LMPAR2 20000 30 0 5124 List secondary motor params Counting scalers and ratemeters COUN 200 0 0 50 0 124 Count for preset COST 200 0 0 52 Ox 124 Start count return to gt COFL 20000 53 0 12g Test scalers 1 if counting Data storage TYPE 201 0 0 62 05 124 Type tas file OUT 200 0 0 63 0 12g Writes PRP FIP variables LPRP 200 0 0 64 0 124 List PRint Params LFIH 200 0 0 65 02 5124 List FIle Header LFIP 200 0 0 66 612 List FIle Params DPRP 200 0 0 67 10 51209 Define PRint Params DF IH 200 0 0 68 10 9124 Define FIle Header DF IP 200 0 0 69 10 5124 Define FIle Params APRP 200 0 0 70 10 124 Append PRint Params AFIH 200 0 0 71 10 124 Append FIle Header AFIP 200 0 0 72 10 12g Append FIle Params REAP 200 0 0 76 0 124 Remove all appended params FICA 200 0 0 78 0 12g Output file characteristics Wait WAIT 200 0 0 190 Tz 12g Wait n seconds END OF SYMBOL TABL 69 Appendix Programming the switches on the manual box The functions of the switches on the manual box are programmable by the TASCOM variab
43. AME OF THIS FILE 62 Appendix D The TASCOM symbol table The symbol table has a binary and an ASCII version TASCOM creates the binary version from the ASCII version when the ASCII version is loaded with the command _LO S Each symbol in the symbol table is defined by its name and five numbers and a string SYMBOL NAME SCOPE TYPE NUMI NUM2 VALUE FORMAT SYMBOL NAME Up to 8 letters digits or underscore starting with a letter For motors max 3 letters or digits starting with a letter or 2T System symbols may start with underscore SCOPE An integer specifying the scope of the symbol Scopes are defined internally in TASCOM Some of the many defined scopes are 1 Simple system symbol 2 User symbol 3 Read only symbol 200 Procedure call 201 Procedure call with a string as argument TYPE An integer specifying the type of the symbol Defined types are 1 2073 String 4 Variable pointer indirect symbol 5 Array NUMI An integer For arrays the first index For ECB motors 0 for VME motors 1 for Trinamic motors 2 NUM2 An integer specifying a number e g motor number for motor symbols scaler number for scaler symbols procedure number for procedure calls For two dimensional arrays the second index for one dimensional arrays 0 VALUE If TYPE 1 a real specifying the value of the symbol If TYPE 2 a string of max 16 characters For motor symbols M1 LM1 etc the value used by TASCOM is held i
44. B system Start TASCOM If TASCOM does not start correctly use the following procedure 2 2 Restart without the ECB system Switch off the ECB system or disconnect the GPIB cable between the computer and the ECB system Start TASCOM without the ECB system Reset the motor parameters in the motor control block with the command INIMCB Exit TASCOM with the EXIT command Switch on connect the ECB system Start TASCOM If motor multiplexing is used load the multiplexer configuration set up file Load the motor parameter from the motor gearing file If the name of the gearing file is rtgl gea tas the command to load it is RTG1 GEA If TASCOM does not start correctly use the following procedure 3 3 Restart without the ECB system load symbol table Switch off the ECB system or disconnect the GPIB cable between the computer and the ECB system Start TASCOM without the ECB system Load the ASCH symbol table with the LO S command e g LO S rtgl sym Exit TASCOM with the EXIT command thereby saving a binary version of the symbol table just loaded Note that this sets all symbols to default values Switch on connect the ECB system Start TASCOM If motor multiplexing is used load the multiplexer configuration set up file Load the motor parameter from the motor gearing file If the name of the gearing file is rtgl gea as the command to load it is RTGI GEA Load the display parameter specification file Check TASCOM symbols like
45. FINA SEGN DATA DIR TCOM DIR etc and check the motor positions If procedure 3 does not work use the following procedure 4 81 4 Restart without the ECB system and without symbol table Switch off the ECB system or disconnect the GPIB cable between the computer and the ECB system The binary version of the symbol table is located in subdirectory symfil and has the name symfil bin Rename this file e g to symfil bbb so that TASCOM can not find it Start TASCOM TASCOM reports that it can t find the symbol table and requests a new one to be loaded Load the ASCII version of the symbol table with the LO S command e g LO S rtgl sym Exit TASCOM with the EXIT command thereby saving a binary version of the ASCII symbol table just loaded Note that this sets all symbols to default values Switch on connect the ECB system Start TASCOM If motor multiplexing is used load the multiplexer configuration set up file Load the motor parameter from the motor gearing file If the name of the gearing file is rtg gea tas the command to load it is RTGI GEA Load the display parameter specification file Check TASCOM symbols like FINA SEGN DATA DIR TCOM DIR etc and check the motor positions 82 Appendix Linux Quick Reference Guide alias Displays or creates aliases alias Display alias alias name alias to name Create an alias cd Changes the current directory cd directory cd Change to log in directory HOME d
46. II value of character 0 HPDA 9 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 10 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 11 69 ASCII value of character E HPDA 12 43 ASCII value of character HPDA 13 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPDA 14 50 ASCII value of character 2 HPDA 15 10 ASCII value of character lt newline gt Example 3 AREA 0 Make Tascom symbol AREA if it does not exist 105 AREA Assign the name AREA to the data from channel 105 1 Set Tascom to read HPD when HPD has data ready AREA When HPD has been read print data from channel 105 57 21 File data input Data lines in a file may be read to a Tascom array provided that the lines contains only numbers The file must be located in the user s command directory and is opened with FIL OPEN name of file When the file is open the command FIL READ reads one line from the file so that the first FIL READ command reads the first data line from the file the next FIL READ command reads the next data line etc until end of file Only data lines are read empty lines or lines not starting with a number are skipped The data lines must contain only data tokens numbers separated by separation characters The separation character is specified in the string variable SEP After each FIL READ command the data tokens are converted to real values and put in array PAR The variable FIL LINE is set to the number of lines read or to 1 if no fil
47. IN and YMAX In addition to plotting the data in the simple plot mode TASCOM performs some simple data analysis on the assumption that the user is measuring a peak The algorithms assume a constant background The user can define which part of the scan is to be considered as background using the variable NBAC For example if NBAC 2 the first two and the last two points of the scan are considered as background Alternatively the background may be defined with the variable BACK If both NBAC 0 and BACK 0 no background correction is made After the scan is completed several variables contain information about the peak is the maximum intensity attained during the scan CEMA is the center of mass of the scan MIDP is an estimate of the midpoint of the peak as derived from the slopes of the peak FWHM is an estimate of the full width at half maximum obtained from the slopes of the peak BGD is the avarage background per point PEAK PEAK B and PEAK are peak area peak background and peak height respectively These variables are printed out depending on the setting of PLOU The data analysis may also be performed and printed with the command DTAN The data from the analysis can be used to simplify the task of typing in subsequent scans for example if a scan of motor M1 has just been performed M1 MIDP will set the motor MI to the midpoint of the peak and SMA M1 MIDP 500 MIDP 500 11 1 will scan around the midpoint In additio
48. MEND NPOI PRES prompt for scan variables AFIP MOTOR I variables to be stored on file APRP MOTOR I MON variables to be written to screen DPLO MOTOR I variables to be plotted after scan SEGN SEGN 1 number MSTP MEND MBEG NPOI 1 step between scan points Now follows the loop a comment WHLE J LE NPOI start of scan loop MOTOR M1BE MIST J 1 move motor MOTOR COUN count for a given preset OUT output on screen and data file NEXT loop til next step PLOT plot of scan on line printer Many more useful features of TASCOM are described in the following pages A quick reference list of standard commands variables and important files is given in the front of this manual The names in the quick reference list are written in bold at their first appearance in the following sections There is a help facility in TASCOM which may be used as another quick reference A list of the subtopic names in the help facility is given by typing HELP 10 2 Log in start and exit The user log in account is Username tascom Password TASCOM runs at the PC under the Linux operating system A quick reference guide to Linux and to the emacs text editor as well as a sketch of the directory tree for the TASCOM files are included in this manual as appendices The user home directory is usr users tascom TASCOM is started by typing tascom The characteristic prompt gt indicates that TASCOM is running If TASCOM does not start correctly see Restart of TASCOM a
49. N SEGN 1 since this is used by TASCOM to determine whether a new file should be opened The new file is actually opened when the first OUT call see below is made after changing segment number Open data files are closed when a new one is opened with the command CLOSE F or when the TASCOM prompt gt is output Data files are also closed when PLOT is called The variable OW DAT decides what happens if a file with the name constructed from FINA and SEGN already exists If OW DAT 1 the file is opened thereby overwriting the existing data file that is lost If_ OW DAT 0 SEGN is incremented until an unused data file name is found and a file of that name is opened There are four output buffers in TASCOM defining which variables are output at each step ie at each OUT command Output to the terminal is controlled by the print parameter buffer PRP output to the data file is controlled by the file parameter buffer FIP and output to the file header at the beginning of each data file is controlled by the file head parameter buffer FIH The fourth buffer FIA defines output to array data files see later The variables currently in the output buffers may be listed on the terminal with the commands LPRP LFIP and LFIH Variable names are placed in the output buffers with the commands DPRP DFIP or DFIH The syntax is for example DPRP M1 M2 USER FINA Note that also string variables e g FINA may be output Undefined variables specifie
50. NT ACC Explanati START MAX AUTO DELAY ROT ENC RACK RANG TOL DIG BACK ULIM OFFS FIX the presence of the command files _mparl tas and _mpar2 tas on of motor parameters Controls specified by the bits in the CONT bitl set P2048 control signal used e g for aircushions bit2 set Analyzer shielding up down with this motor bit4 set Define floor motor on BW2 bit5 set Manual control disabled Acceleration deceleration time P1648 2 1 lt 5 P2048 2 1 orf 5 sec Speed at start of acceleration P1648 100 500 steps sec P2048 10 4000 steps sec Max speed in fast speed range P1648 100 3000 steps sec P2048 100 20000 steps sec Speed in slow speed range at auto 1 500 steps sec Max speed in slow speed range at manaual 1 500 steps sec Delay before and after a motor setting 0 2500 millisec For motor drive P1604 minimum 50 for the enable signal P2048 only If 1 normal positive direction of rotation If 1 negative direction of rotation only if the DIR switch on the module is in neutral If 0 no encoder for this motor if 1 encoder number Power unit number 1 2 3 etc Motors sharing power unit can not run simultaneously 0 slow auto speed range 1 fast auto speed range Tolerans If calculated number of steps is less than tolerance no motor setting If no encoder number of motor steps per degr If en
51. OM to the external program and transfer data back from the external program to TASCOM The external program must be located in subdirectory usr users tascom bin The syntax is OWL name of external program arg1 arg2 Sargn x1 x2 xm where argl arg2 argn are tascom real variables the value of which are to be transferred to the external program while x1 x2 xm are the TASCOM real variables that receive the data from the external program Maximum number of arguments are 14 Alternatively the data from the external program may be transferred to a TASCOM array The syntax is OWL name of external program 1 a2 an A The maximum size of the array A is 1024 If the flag OWL FLG is set to OWL FLG 1 and OWL command is typed on the keyboard the string that the OWL command sends to the external program is printed in the Tascom window before it is send If OWL FLG 2 the string is printed in the Tascom window even if the OWL command is included in a tas command file If the flag OWL CAL is set to OWL_CAL 0 or is undefined the OWL command will only execute when CALC 0 If OWL CAL 1 the OWL command will execute also in calculation mode CALC 1 and in sim tascom Example The external program is called owltest and is the following Linux perl script that is located in usr users tascom bin usr bin perl Snewl n Sa SARGV 0 Sb SARGV 1 print newl print a b print newl 46 print a
52. R etatis 45 EIE DA tte 45 FINA 4 8 9 34 68 80 81 82 intr 4 37 its meus 4 8 35 51 68 94 FKEY 70 oot 55 PEEVISTR auod a ede 55 iHe 55 rasta bisce ets 55 FORMAT 2 15 16 30 36 63 66 78 39 G INDEX 66 67 CENOM 67 G NUM 67 G SCOPE 66 TYPE eee 67 ase dete tot un e 76 GDEV shoals Deseos 12 76 OE unes due M 2 16 GET TNT en dii ere iere 14 GET UME an 33 E E 71 GT tsp 2 16 H hardware limit switch 22 26 HELP 6 10 47 69 aces 50 2 56 56 HAPO PEA G 56 56 HPD TIME 56 56 HPD command 56 HPS EI NG 50 HPSl cotmmand sies 50 HPS2 command d ennt tpe 50 I MEAE RESP EON 32 32 32 TGs 32 32
53. S NO ENCODER SETPAR MOTOR CONT CONT MOTOR HAS A CONTROL SIGNAL MUST BE SET BEFORE DELAY BECAUSE DELAY FOR CONTROL SIGNALS IS TASCOM INTERNAL _SMPNU NUMBER ROT ROT DIRECTION OF ROTATION mpar2b tas kCkckckckck ck ck KK KK This file loads the second gro up of 6 motor parameters into the motor control block and into the mo VAR NUMBER RACK DELAY TOL DE _SMPNU NUMBER RACK RACK _SMPNU NUMBER DELAY DELAY _SMPNU NUMBER TOL TOL _SMPNU NUMBER DEGREE DEGREE _SMPNU NUMBER DIG DIG _SMPNU NUMBER BACK BACK E DIG BACK MOTOR DRIVER POWER RACK NUMBER START DELAY TIME POSTION TOLERANCE STEPS PER DEGREE DEGREES PER ENCODER DIGIT BACKLASH NUMBER OF DEGREE 61 Appendix Display parameter specification file rtgl_dis tas The file specifies for the ECB system display which units should be displayed the order in which they are displayed and for each unit a name that is displayed Also the total number of units to be displayed is specified The file is read and the parameters send to
54. TASCOM USER MANUAL Version 3 15 for Linux BW1 BW2 W1 Jorgen Bundgaard and Per Skaarup Rise National Laboratory Roskilde Denmark June 2004 TASCOM MANUAL VERSION 3 15 BW1 2 W1 INDEX AND QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 1 Introduction 2 Starting and exiting SFIL CONTROL C DIALOG EXIT _SAVE S SUPPORT GDEV sim_tascom 3 TASCOM syntax SIN X COS X ASI X or ASIN X ACO X or ACOS X ATA X or ATAN X ATAN2 Y X ABS X EXP X LOG10 X LOG X SQRT x GET INT Arrow keys 9 US FORM FORMAT DO UNTL WHLE NEXT IF ELSE END LT or LE lt GT or gt GE or gt EQ or or AND OR NOT or STRLEN STRTOR RTOSTR STRTOA ATOSTR F1 to F10 page 8 page 11 Name of startup file e g SFIL mystart Abort execution of commands Toggle printer on and off Exit from TASCOM Save present state of TASCOM List units supported General GPIB device command Read only TASCOM version for simulation page 14 Plus minus times divide power remainder Mathematical parentheses Sine and cosine of variable X in degrees Arcsin of X in degrees Arccos of X in degrees Arctan of X in degrees Arctan of Y X in degrees Absolute value of X Exponentiation Logarithm base 10 and base e of X Square root of x Get integer and fraction of real variable Assigns value to variable Toggle through previous commands Output value of variable e g PRES Format for n
55. UT command or in a print command e g A 12 56 The range specification can be used also in two dimensional arrays A 5 10 N M A user array must be declared and dimensioned before any other reference is made to the array The DIM statement declares an array e g DIM A 64 64 In the DIM statement the indices must be reals or variables expressions are not allowed User arrays may be deleted from the symbol table by the command DELA for example DELA A deletes user array A All user arrays may be deleted by the command DELA ALL The command SHOW A prints a list of all arrays If the DELA or DELA ALL commands are used in a command file and any of the arrays deleted are declared again later in the same command file e g with other sizes a semicolon must be inserted between the delete commands and the DIM commands Similarly if a new declared array is refered to in the command file where it is declared a semicolon must be inserted after the DIM statement This ensures that the delete commands are executed and the array symbols removed before the DIM statements are compiled and that the new array symbol is known by TASCOM before it 15 refered to About the semicolon separator see page 42 18 Operations on unsubscripted arrays Unsubscripted arrays can be used in the following arithmetic operations A B and C are assumed to be arrays with the same dimensions A B addition subtraction A
56. acter 0 HPA 5 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPA 6 69 ASCII value of character E HPA 7 43 ASCII value of character 8 48 ASCII value of character 0 HPA 9 10 ASCII value of character lt newline gt So the return message from the device was 1 2500E 0 50 16 Multichannel analyser The multi channel analyser is composed of the two NIM modules Canberra ADC 8075 and the Histogramming memory P2126a Input pulses are fed to the ADC IN connector on the ADC converted by the ADC and stored in the histogramming memory if the MCA is enabled The MCA can be controlled by the following commands DMCA disable the MCA EMCA enable the MCA without clearing it MCST enable and clear the MCA CMCA clear the MCA RMCA read the MCA However the MCA counting is normally started and stopped from the ECB timer scalers In that case the timer scalers on off signal is connected to the GATE IN connector on the ADC and the COINC ANTI switch set in the COINC position The sequence of commands that controls the MCA is then Enable and clear MCA with the command MCST and start timer scalers When preset time or preset count is reached the timer scalers stops and the MCA are read with the command RMCA RATE must be set to RATE 0 otherwise the scalers are restarted immediately after they are read thereby starting the MCA again before the MCA is read The command RMCA reads the MCA starting from the first channel The data from the MCA is read to arr
57. and the present state of TASCOM is saved i e variables and parameters are saved on files For example the binary version of the symbol table is saved all motor positions are read from the ECB system to the motor control block file together with the motor set up parameters the user defined specification of output to data files is saved arrays are saved etc The variables and parameters are read from these files on starting TASCOM again The present state of TASCOM may be saved at any time with the command SAVE S TASCOM may also by exited brutally by typing control Z or by closing the window in which TASCOM is running On such exits the present state of TASCOM is riot saved 11 and when is started again the start parameters are taken from the last saved versions of the symbol table motor control block etc At start up TASCOM decides which hardware is supported by trying to communicate with the peripherals generated into that particular TASCOM version If the communication with the ECB system fails the user is asked whether TASCOM should continue without supporting the ECB system or not If the communication fails with any of the other units e g the temperature controller a support message is printed while TASCOM continues to start up When TASCOM is running calls to units that are not supported are replaced by dummy calls Thus TASCOM may run with only part or even none of the normal peripherals and this m
58. appear as variable values only if they are written on the same line as the command file name e g SMA 100 1 100 11 1 If the VAR line contains indirect variables as for example MOTOR in the motor control command file sma tas the only legal assignment to such indirect variables in VAR lines are other variable names Such an assignment would normally start with the sign However in the case of assignment to indirect variables in VAR statements the sign may be omitted This syntax has been adopted in order to make it easy to use the standard scan files and to avoid the situations where an unexpected motor starts moving if the user by mistake specifies a value for the motor rather than the name While the VAR statement may take input from the keyboard or from another command file the similar command ASK_VAR always takes input from the keyboard It may be placed anywhere in a command file and asks the user to input one or more variables from the keyboard The syntax is ASK VAR string VARI VAR2 VAR9 Up to 10 arguments are legal to ASK VAR The first argument may be a string that is printed on the screen when the ASK VAR command is executed If the two last characters in the string are n they are converted to newline The string argument is optional The following arguments must be TASCOM real variables or string variables Arrays are not allowed The user is prompted for the variables one by one The user input to a s
59. atements The allowed control statements are DO lt command sequence gt UNTIL lt logical expression e g DO M1 M1 10 COUN UNTIL J GE 1000 WHILE lt logical expression gt lt command sequence gt NEXT e g WHILE J LE NPOI M1 M1 MSTP J COUN NEXT IF lt logical expression gt lt command sequence gt ELSE command sequence gt END e g IF MI MI MSTP COUN MI ELSE I END IF logical expression gt lt command sequence gt END e g IF AUX LE 1000 AUX small END WHLE may be used instead of WHILE and UNTL may be used instead of UNTIL for compatibility with older TASCOM versions Logical operators used in TASCOM are LT or lt less than LE lt less than or equal to or gt greater than GE gt greater than or equal to EQ equal to may be used also to compare string variables NE or not equal to may be used also to compare string variables AND logical and OR logical or NOT or logical negation In the above examples a special loop counter called J is automatically incremented each time the loop is executed J always starts at J 1 and cannot be assigned TASCOM keeps track of J in nested loops There is no limit as to how many nested loops one can have Note that the semicolon separator must not occur in loops see page 42 16 In command files the control keyword UNTIL WHILE or IF and the following logical expressions must be on one
60. ay for Detector Data is a user array which must be defined and dimensioned by the user before reading the MCA For example DIM DD 4096 defines DD as a one dimensional array that can hold 4096 MCA channels while DIM DD 10 10 defines DD as a two dimensional array that can hold 10 10 MCA channels If it is wanted to change the size of DD the existing DD must be deleted with the command DELA before a new DD of the wanted size can be defined with the DIM command The total intensity i e the sum of the counts from channel 0 to the maximum channel read may be calculated as SUM DD The command FICO may be used to find array elements with counts greater than a specified minimum For example FICO DD 10 lists all channels with counts greater than 10 The data read or part of the data is printed on the terminal with the OUT command if PROU I DD or part of DD e g DD 20 30 for print out of the channels from 20 to 30 for a one dimensional array must be included in the print buffer e g with the command APRP DD or APRP DD 20 30 If FIOU 1 the data is stored on the normal data output file with extension dat each time the OUT command is executed DD or part of DD e g DD 20 30 for the channels 51 from 20 to 30 must be included in the file buffer e g with the command AFIP DD AFIP DD 20 30 All channels are stored on one probably rather long line on the file If AROU th
61. ay be useful in some situations With the command SUPPORT the user can have a list on the screen of the hardware supported at any given time Even if a particular hardware unit is not included in the present TASCOM version it may still be possible to communicate with the unit by using the GDEV command See the appendix page 76 for details Normally TASCOM will be running with communication to the ECB system If for some reason the communication fails a time out error will result This is considered a fatal error i e TASCOM immediately returns to prompt mode and an error message will be printed It is then as a rule necessary to exit TASCOM reset the ECB system and reenter TASCOM The number of motors supported by TASCOM depends on the installed hardware and on the symbol table On starting TASCOM the motor positions for the motors in the ECB system are read from the ECB system The ECB system is equipped with a battery power supply in case of power failure Therefore it will not loose the motor positions if the power is turned off If for some unexpected reason TASCOM is stopped before the motor positions are updated in the motor control block file then when the program is started again TASCOM will read the positions from the ECB system to the motor control block If there are any differences with the values previously in the motor control block file the user will be notified This will happen if for example the manual box has been used wh
62. coder number of encoder digits per degree no encoder 0 If encoder Motor steps per encoder digits Backlash A number of degree that the motor should overshoot when moving into position from negative back gt 0 or positive back 0 direction Lower software limit Upper software limit For axis with encoders Offset from encoder output changed with REMO command used when reading the motor position For axis without encoders Differences after REMO commands for information only If 1 motor is fixed at the present position 59 LOAD FIRST GROUP OF MOTOR PARAMETERS BY CALLING _mparl tas LOADING PRIMARY MOTOR PARAMETERS DMAN 0 DISABLE MANUAL CONTROL WHILE LOADING MOTOR START MAX AUTO MAN DELAY ACC RANGE ENC CONT ROT __ 1 Tow 200 30 50 600 y p ag Ts _MPAR1 2 500 2200 500 50 50 m 0 __ 1 080 500 506 50 210 pee Oe 9 ss 42 500 lt 2000 500 50 500 4 05 po S 300 72000 200 5054 50 ye 2 i CO 3 __ 1 6 100 600 50 40 600 1 5 DEN EE Oxy 7 100 20000 300 40 50 1 02 3 __ 1 8 330 1000 330 40 50 2244 p 106 Ou LOAD SECOND GROUP OF MOTOR PARAME E ERS BY CALLING mpar2 tas
63. command file with the name out tas will never be executed because when the command OUT is given TASCOM will find the symbol OUT in the symbol table and therefore never look for a command file of that name The command SCHECK may be used to check if there exists command files in the system directory and in the user directory with the same names as symbols in the symbol table SCHECK lists the names of such files and if any of those command files are to be used they will have to be renamed 44 12 Error handling and various features Considerable effort has been invested in making sure TASCOM will not crash when an error occurs in compilation or execution of commands A number of error messages indicate to the user the source of problems For example TASCOM will indicate an undefined variable in a command file by the name of the variable the line in which it appears and the name of the command file When a run time error is encounted while TASCOM is executing a command file the name of the command file and the line in the file is listed together with the type of error Also by nested command files a trace back through the files is listed If TRACE_B 0 no trace back is done As well as error messages the user can choose to have certain warnings output to the screen by setting the status variable WARN 1 Some types of error are termed fatal and abort a command file completely even if the file is separated into parts by semicolons Among such
64. core character the first character being a letter or underscore The extension must be tas in lower case A set of command files for frequently used scans is provided with the program and are stored in subrirectories of usr users tasfiles command in log in account tasfiles These system command files can be inspected by the user e g with the TYPE command but not changed The string variable SCOM_DIR contains the name of the subdirectories where TASCOM will search for system command files More than one subdirectory may be specified in SCOM_DIR separated by semicolons In addition to what is specified in SCOM DIR TASCOM will always look in usr users tasfiles command sys where some essential system files are kept Command files created by the users are in the user log in account tascom and are stored in subdirectories of usr users tascom command Each user should create a personal subdirectory in order to keep different users command files separate The string variable TCOM_DIR contains the name of the subdirectories where TASCOM will search for user command files More than one subdirectory may be specified in TCOM DIR separated by semicolons For example if SCOM DIR subdirl subdir2 mydir TCOM DIR subdir3 subdir4 mydir then TASCOM will first search usr users tascom command subdir3 then if the command file is not found usr users tascom command subdir4 mydir then usr users tasfiles command sys then usr users tasfil
65. d in an output buffer will be defined as user variables with the value 0 The DPRP DFIP and DFIH commands automatically clear the output buffers before filling them New variable names may be appended to an output buffer with the commands APRP AFIP or AFIH commands for example AFIH MON AUX A 12 All appended parameters can be removed from the buffers by the REAP command The command removes appended variable names in all the output buffers but not variable names placed in the buffers with the DPRP DFIP or DFIH commands 34 On exiting from TASCOM the current parameters in these buffers are stored on file the buffers are restored from the file when TASCOM is started The command FICA lists some of the buffers and file names and some other parameters With an assignment to DFIT it is possible to define a text string that is stored at the beginning of all data files For example DFIT This is a backround scan In addition to the variables specified in the file header buffer all motor positions are output in the file header if the variable MTOU 1 The command OUT writes the variables the user has defined in the output buffers to the screen and the data file In scan files OUT must be executed at every step in the scan loop The effect of OUT can be switched on and off using the status variables FIOU and PROU If FIOU 1 data is stored on file if FIOU 0 data is stored on file Likewise if PROU 1 there is outp
66. d in the variable M ABORTI and M ABORTO for the first two motors aborted The motor setting time out feature is useful for axis with encoder TASCOM takes motor values from the ECB motor modules rather than from the symbol table or the motor control block avoiding any possible confusion after a motor movement abortion or use of the manual motor box It is often necessary to redefine the software value of a motor position e g during lineup of the instrument The command REMO does this e g REMO 1 1000 redefines the current position of M1 to 1000 With the command M_SAVE the present motor positions are saved on a file in the user command directory e g M SAVE fname saves the positions on file fname tas The motor positions are saved in REMO form i e each line in the file has the form REMO motor name position The motor positions from the file fname tas may be reloaded with the command fname that reads the file and REMOs the motors one by one 2 With the command L_SAVE the present soft limit positions are saved on a file in the user command directory e g L SAVE saves the positions on file fname tas The soft limit positions from the file fname tas may be reloaded with the command fname Motor positions and soft limits may also be saved with the command SYMBOL that saves all TASCOM variables on a file see page 65 The command MOPO outputs the current positions of all motors The command LIPO
67. dated approximately once a second This can produce a live display of the detector data Also the SHOW DD command may produce a live display see Chapter 16 In this mode PLOT does not read any files and may thus be started from any directory To start PLOT in this mode open a window and type for example PLOT3 A plot window should now appear In the original window the user is asked to type the number of seconds between update of the plot One second is minimum Also the highest and the lowest channels that should be displayed must be specified PLOT is terminated by typing ctrl c in the original window Plot of old Tascom detector data files arg1 4 This mode of PLOT creates a display of data from a Tascom detector data file ie a file with extension dar To enter this mode PLOT must be started in the directory where the detector data file is stored To start PLOT in this mode open a window cd to the right directory and type eg PLOT 4 A plot window should now appear In the original window the user is asked several questions to specify the plot eg the name of the data file and the highest and lowest channels that should be displayed PLOT is terminated by typing ctrl c in the original window Array data from p a argl 7 90 This mode of PLOT creates a display of the TASCOM array P A To enter this mode PLOT must be started in the directory where TASCOM stores the files with the plot array data and
68. des the number of MCA readings performed e g SHOW_DD 10 reads the MCA10 times and then returns to the TASCOM prompt Set up of the detector can be modified by changing the MCA parameters The command LMCA lists the MCA parameters and their values The command _SETMCA is used to modify MCA parameters The syntax is _SETMCA parameter value For example _SETMCA MAP 2 sets MAP 2 The normal set up is MAP 2 and MODE M X where M X 1 All other parameters are set to zero 52 17 Communication with LINE The Hasylab spectrometer control program is called ON_LINE and is running on the PCs hasbwl hasbw2 and haswl at BW1 BW2 and W1 respectively Communication between TASCOM and ON LINE takes place via tcp ip Before the communication starts ON LINE must be set to server mode which is the standard network interface to ON LINE This is done with the command SERVER 7777 verbose typed on the PC where ON LINE runs The TASCOM commands for ON LINE has the form SPCM command string where the command string is one of the ON LINE commands see the ON LINE manual For example SPCM energy 8000 will execute the LINE command energy 8000 A variable may be specified outside the e g SPCM energy 8000 is identical to SPCM energy 8000 This may be used to do ON LINE scans with a TASCOM variable ON LINE returns either a value or the string done for commands that completed successfully error otherw
69. dings may be read with FLEV1 and FLEV2 In addition following one of these commands and provided the string variables FLEVISTR and FLEV2STR are defined FLEVISTR and FLEV2STR will contain the full string returned from the level meters Such a string may look like 980 A 0 003 where 980 is the number of the reading A stands for Absolute alternatively R for relative 0 003 is the reading and O is the unit The PC serial output port used by the level meters is defined in the variables W1 PORT and W2 PORT for example W1 PORT dev cua4 W2 PORT dev cua5 They are normally read only variables and are only changed if the ports on the PC are changed 55 20 HP Data Acquisition Switch unit Communication with Hewlett Packard 34970A Data Acquisition Switch Unit HPD FLAG Set FLAG 1 to enable control of HPD After the HPD FLAG has been changed EXIT and reenter Tascom HPD_TIME Command to set the HPD parameters date and time to the system computers date and time HPD HP command Send commands to HPD HPD GPIB address must be 12 HP command is one of the commands listed in the HPD manual If the command asks for a return message from the HPD the message is stored in array If the first part of the message is a number the number is stored in VDIG as well If the array HPDA does not exist it must be defined by the user with DIM HPDA 80 If HPD RFM 1 data stored
70. e TASCOM variable REL Note Do not use relay number 9 Relay 9 is reserved for use on some spectrometers to control of the analyser shielding 49 15 HP power supply control The Hewlett Packard DC Supply series 66 4 5 6 7 xA may be controlled and read from TASCOM The HP power supply must be set to GPIB address 1 or 2 The TASCOM commands has the form HPS1 command HPS2 command for GPIB address 1 or 2 respectively The command string in 15 one of the commands listed in the HP manual A variable may be specified outside the for example the two commans HPSI VOLT 4 and HPSI VOLT 4 both sets the output voltage to 4 If the command asks for return message from the HP the return message is stored in array If the array does not exist it must be defined by the user with DIM HPA 80 The return message is printed on the screen if the command is from the keyboard The routines controlling the HP is only included in TASCOM if the flag HPS FLAG is set to HPS FLAG I After a change in HPS FLAG TASCOM must be exited and restarted before the change is actually made Example Ask for the HP Supply 1 volt setting HPS1 VOLT 1 2500E 0 Return message printed if command was from keyboard Array HPA may have a return message like 0 49 ASCII value of character 1 HPA 1 46 ASCII value of character HPA 2 50 ASCII value of character 2 HPA 3 53 ASCII value of character 5 HPA 4 48 ASCII value of char
71. e data is stored on the array data output file or part of e g DD 20 30 for the channels from 20 to 30 must be included in the array file buffer e g with the command AFIA DD or DD 20 30 The name of the array data output file is composed of the character variable FIAR e g FIAR mca and the segment number SEAR which is automatically increased by one each time the OUT command is executed The array is stored in ASCII form with extension dar It is possible to do arithmetic operations on the data in DD and or transfer the data or part of the data to other arrays and use these arrays in the output buffers see the description of array operations in chapter 4 The status variable DD_DISP determines whether the MCA data is transferred to the computer memory during the counting in order to produce a live display If DD_DISP 1 the MCA is read approximately once a second when the counting is started with the COUN command If DD DISP 0 the MCA is not read during the counting If DD_DISP 1 a live display may be shown on a screen window by using the PLOT program see appendix P page 88 Another way of having the MCA data transferred to the computer memory is by using the SHOW_DD command that works even if the ECB scalers are not available If called with no argument SHOW_DD transfers the MCA data to memory as fast as possible until the user stops the reading with control C If called with an argument the argument deci
72. e is open The number of data tokens to be read from each line is specified in the variable NDAT The file is closed by ctrl c by an attempt to read past end of file or when a new OPEN command is executed Example A data file by the name of euler inp may look like titles rt test file name euler inp 0 200 1 1 0 200 10 649 55 325 0 200 1 1 0 200 13 052 6 526 0 000 1 1 0 400 15 082 7 541 0 200 1 1 0 400 16 875 8 437 0 200 1 1 0 400 18 499 9 249 Each data line has five data tokens separated by spaces The following Tascom commands may be used FIL FIL NDAT 5 FIL OPEN euler inp FIL READ FIL LINE The FIL READ command will skip the two first lines that are not data lines and read the first data line The array FIL PAR will contain FIL PAR 0 0 2 FIL 10 FIL PAR 2 0 2 FIL 3 10 649 FIL PAR 4 5 325 and FIL is set to 1 The next READ command will read the next data line from the file and so on until all lines are read In case of error the value the array element is set to the value 2e38 58 Appendix Gearing file rtgl gea tas This file is used to initialise the motor parameters The data in the file is read by TASCOM with the command RTG1 GEA The file requir CO
73. e new pointer and finally re assigns the original pointer to MOTOR Scope The scope for a symbol is a value greater than zero It is possible to get the scope for a symbol with the command SCOPE symbol eg 26 5 returns the scope for symbol FINA If a symbol is undefined 0 is returned If the symbol is an indirect symbol the scope of the symbol to which the indirect symbol points is returned 66 SCOPE command may be used to check the scope of indirect symbols For example the scope of a motor symbol is 10 so if the indirect symbol MOTOR is pointing to a motor symbol the command G SCOPE MOTOR should return 10 If anything else is returned the symbol pointed to by MOTOR is not a motor symbol Type The type for a symbol is a value greater than zero It is possible to get the type for a symbol with the command G_TYPE symbol eg G_TYPE FINA returns the type for symbol FINA If a symbol is undefined 0 is returned If the symbol is an indirect symbol the type of the symbol to which the indirect symbol points is returned The G_TYPE command may for example be used to check if a symbol is an array symbol if so the G_TYPE command should return 5 which is the type for array symbols and Num2 and num2 for a symbol are values greater than or equal to zero The values may be returned with the commands NUMI1 symbol and NUM2 symbol eg G NUMI FINA returns the value of numl for the symbo
74. e or mathematical expression on the right In the example USER M1 SIN M2 if the value of M1 is 10 and that of M2 is 30 then USER is assigned the value 5 0 trigonometric functions are in degrees Certain internal variables represent motors When these are assigned a value the motor moves to this value For example M1 1000 moves motor M1 to position 1000 Any command that moves motors uses such assignments at some stage of its execution Certain internal variables represent character strings and are assigned by putting the string in single quotation marks for example FINA test In order to find out what value is currently assigned to a variable for example to one writes M1 TASCOM will return the current value of M1 Indirect variables may be assigned with sign for example MOTOR M1 Scan variables In a user defined command file the user may want to enter some values for certain variables which will be different from scan to scan for example the position of motor M1 at the beginning of the scan This is done by writing VAR and then one or more variable names at the top of the command file When the command file is executed TASCOM will prompt for values of these variables For example VAR MIBE will prompt for the value of the user defined variable MIBE Further along in the command file the assignment moves to its start position Scans The way TASCOM performs scans is to move motors count store the values
75. er symbols in the file does not exist in TASCOM they are created with the value and format from the file The SYMBOL command may be used to save symbol values and formats before a new ASCII symbol table file is loaded with the LO S command which sets all system symbols to the values in the ASCII symbol table file and deletes all user symbols As an example using the BW2 set up files the following sequence of commands save all symbols including motor positions in a file in the user command directory load a new symbol table file restore motor set up restore the display set up and restore all symbols gt SYMBOL my symb Save symbol values in symb tas gt 8 2 sym Load new symbol table file gt BW2_ MUX Load motor multiplexing gt BW2_GEA Load motor parameters gt BW2 DIS Load display set op gt TCOM DIR name of user directory Set user directory gt MY SYMB Load symbol values from my symb tas gt SAVE S Save new binary version of symbol table Note that the ASCII symbol table file name is bw2 sym sor is in lowercase letters Therefore the command to load the ASCII symbol table file is either LO S 2 sym or 10 5 2 sym Tascom is case insensitive but a Unix Linux file name is not 65 Accessing symbol parameters As mentioned above each symbol in the symbol table is defined by its name and five numbers and a string SYMBOL NAME SCOPE TYPE NUMI NUM2 VALUE FORMAT The parameters scope type numl
76. es command subdir1 and finally usr users tasfiles command subdir2 mydir The subdirectories subdir1 subdir2 subdir3 subdir4 and mydir must be created in Linux with the mkdir command before assigning SCOM_DIR or TCOM_DIR to them The command DIRTAS lists all instances of the files file name tas in usr users tasfiles command sys and in the subdirectories specified by SCOM DIR and TCOM DIR Scan variables The VAR statement is used in the first non comment line of a command file to prompt the user for values of certain variables The variables are typically such scan parameters as start and end positions of scan number of points and preset The syntax is for example VAR MOTOR MIBE MIEN NPOLPRES The VAR statement must be the first non comment line of the command file If the name of the command file is sma tas then by writing SMA alone TASCOM will prompt for the variables one at a time e g 41 MOTOR OMM The present assignment to the variable is shown in square bracket after the variable name and is unchanged if a car return is typed immediately after the sign Instead of having TASCOM to prompt for the parameters one by one the user can write all or the first few parameters on one line e g SMA 1 100 200 11 1 This has the advantage that the command string can be retrieved and repeated by using the arrow keys and editing the variable values if necessary Note that mathematical expressions can
77. ew user real symbols Format specification for output of symbols DO loop e g DO M1 M1 1 UNTL J gt 10 WHILE loop e g WHLE J lt 5 COUN NEXT Condition e g J gt 5 M1 1 ELSE 1 0 END Less than Less than or equal to Greater than Greater than or equal to Equal to Not equal to Logical and Logical or Logical negation STRing LENgth STRing TO Real Real TO STRinging STRing TO Array Array TO STRing Function keys on keyboard 4 Arrays DIM SHOW_A DELA_ALL DELA A SUM FICO A n 5 Motor control M1 10 5 LMI POTE OUPO CONTROL C _M_TIMO REMO M SAVE L SAVE SYMBOL MOPO LIPO NEWP MOVE MSTA MSTO sma tas smab tas page 18 Define and dimension user array List all arrays Delete all user arrays Delete user array A Sum of elements in array A List array elements gt page 21 Move motor M1 to position 10 5 Lower and upper software limits of M1 If POTE 1 then software limits tested If OUPO 1 then limit warning output Abort motor motion Motor setting time out Redefine motor position Save motor positions in file fname tas Save soft limit positions in file fname tas Save all variables in file fname tas List of motor positions List of limits Define new taget motor position Move motors to taget positions defined by NEWP Starts motor running e g MSTA 1 1000 Stops motor started by MSTA Standard scan command files 6 Manual control box and video monitor
78. ffer Log information e g LOG New Sample M2 Log and print information e g PLOG New Sample M2 Comment on logprinter Log when scan file is closed LPAG Lines per page in log output LLINE Log line length 10 TASCOM plot and Statistical Calculation page 39 PLOT Plot of last scan on screen PLOU Plot out 0 No plot DPLO Determine x y of plot e g DPLO MI I LIMY Scale variable YMIN YMAX User defined min and max of y axis NBAC Number of background points on each side BACK Set background IMAX User defined min and max of x axis MIDP Maximum intensity CEMA Midpoint of peak from slopes FWHM Full width half max from slopes BGD Calculated average background per point PEAK A Peak area PEAK B Peak background PEAK H Peak height DTAN Do and print data analysis PLOTDIR Path for plot files STAT Statistical analysis of scan data LSTP DSTP ASTP List Define or Append STP buffer 11 Command files page 41 SCOM DIR Define system command subdirectories TCOM DIR Define user command subdirectories VAR Prompt for variable values in command file _DIRTAS file List all instances of file tas ASK VAR Prompt for variable values in command file Separator of different command file sections PROMPT Return to prompt mode BEFOR CC Run file before ctrl c returns to prompt Comment line in command _TYPE or TYPE Type command file e g TYPE sma Text M1 Output text or variable values to screen SFIL Define star
79. fined in a log buffer To list what is currently in the log buffer the command LLOG is used to define which parameters are in the buffer the command DLOG is used and to append parameters to the buffer the command ALOG is used The syntax is for example DLOG MI I M2 USER String variables like FINA may be included in the buffer All appended parameters are removed from the buffer by the REAP command The parameters in the log buffer are logged each time the command LOG_PAR is given The log parameters are also logged after each scan i e when the scan data file is closed provided the variable LOG CLOS is LOG_CLOS 1 Then in addition to the parameters in the log buffer also some scan parameters are logged time filename scan variable and some scan information The scan variable that is logged is the first one defined in the DPLO statement The command LOG e g LOG AUX TCOM DIR will log the specified parameter s and text string s at the time the command is executed types of TASCOM variables may be logged with the LOG command 37 The command PLOG is similar to the LOG command but will in addition print the specified parameters in the Tascom window Comments may be added to the log with the command COMM The command will enter a mode where lines typed on the terminal are printed on the log During the command mode the TASCOM prompt appears as lt Return to normal TASCOM mode is done when a is
80. ft to 78 the length specified by the field width If the left adjustment option flag is specified the field is padded on the right prec An optional precision The precision is dot followed by a decimal digit string If no precision is given it is treated as 0 zero The precision specifies the minimum number of digits to appear for the d conversion the number of digits to appear after the decimal point for the e and f conversions the maximum number of significant digits for the g conversion the maximum number of bytes to be printed from a string in the s conversion type character A character that indicates the type of conversion to be applied as follows d g G Converts the output to a signed decimal notation in the style dddd The precision specifies the minimum number of digits toappear If the value being converted can be represented in fewer digits it is expanded with leading zeros The default precision is 1 The result of converting a 0 zero value with a precision of 0 zero is a null string Specifying a field width with a 0 zero as a leading character causes the field width value to be padded with leading zeros Converts the output to the exponential form d dde dd There is one digit before the decimal point and the number of digits after the point is equal to the precision specification If no precision is specified then six digits are output If the precision is 0 zero t
81. ften a delicate task to change the motor parameters and it should not be done whitout consulting the system manager 29 The gearing of the motors can be set by the user so that for example a goniometer position is given directly in degrees rather than in motor steps For example _SMPNA DEGREF 123 4 sets a conversion factor of 123 4 steps degree for motor M1 On the video display and in TASCOM such motor positions will appear as decimal numbers Loading the step per degree conversion for a motor with the commands _SMPNA or _SPMNU also sets the output format FORMAT for that motor according to the following table Conversion factor Format s steps degree 5 12d 1 lt s lt 10 12 1f 10 lt s lt 100 12 2f 100 lt s 1000 12 2f etc The format may be changed by the user with a FORMAT command following the _SMPNA_ command e g to get more decimals in the output Another parameter which it is occasionally necessary to change is the backlash parameter When travelling in the negative direction motors are normally made to overshoot their destination by a fixed backlash in order that final positions are always approached in the positive direction to eliminate the effects of mechanical backlash The parameter may be set for e g motor 2TM as _SMPNA 2 BACK 0 25 The backlash can also be negative approach in negative direction The motor parameters are saved on the motor control block file a binary f
82. fter error in the appendix Before starting TASCOM checks if another TASCOM is already running If so the following message is printed TASCOM probably already running If you start a new TASCOM the running one may be killed Start new TASCOM anyway y or n If an old TASCOM was not exited correctly this message may appear even if the old TASCOM is not running and in that case a new TASCOM may be started When TASCOM is started and if a startup file exists in the user command directory or in the system command directory the user is asked if the startup file should run The startup file is a tas command file the name of which is given by assigning SFIL e g SFIL start Different users can thus have customized startup files which assign certain variables standard values or execute certain commands TASCOM can always be interrupted by typing control C which stops all action running motors counting etc and returns the control to the user in the prompt gt mode Control C does not kill TASCOM The on line printer echoing the TASCOM dialog can be turned on and off with the TASCOM command DIALOG DIALOG 1 turns the printer on while DIALOG 0 turns the printer off The TASCOM dialogue is saved in the file dialog dat in the user directory if DIALOG is set to DIALOG 1 If DIALOG 2 the dialogue is printed as well as saved on the file The command EXIT closes all files and returns to Linux When TASCOM is left with the EXIT comm
83. haracter linefeed ASCII value 10 on write _GRTERM 13 Terminator character return ASCII value 13 on read GDEV V Send V1 followed by newline to the device Array GD may have a return message like GD 0 49 ASCII value of character 1 GD 1 51 ASCII value of character 3 GD 2 46 ASCII value of character GD 3 48 ASCII value of character 0 GD 4 32 ASCII value of character space GD 5 86 ASCII value of character V i e the return string was 13 0V followed by car return 76 Example 2 Send message to a device at GPIB address 2 The message string is specified in the array and must be terminated by a newline character An ASCII 5 is used to terinate the array string but is not send to the device A return message is expected and is terminated by car return _GADDR 2 _GWTERM 5 Terminator character for array string _GRTERM 13 Terminator character return ASCII value 13 on read GD 0 63 ASCH value for 2 GD 1 86 ASCII value for V GD 2 49 ASCII value for 1 GD 3 10 ASCII value for newline GD 4 5 ASCII value 5 array string terminator GDEV Send V1 followed by newline to the device Note that GWTERM character is not send Array GD may have a return message like GD 0 49 ASCII value of character 1 GD 1 51 ASCII value of character 3 GD 2 46 ASCII value of character GD 3 48 ASCII value of character 0 GD 4 32 ASCII value of character space GD 5 86 ASCII value
84. hen no decimal point appears The E conversion character produces a number with E instead of e before the exponent The exponent always contains at least two digits However if the value to be printed requires an exponent greater than two digits additional exponent digits are printed as necessary Converts the output to decimal notation in the format ddd ddd The number of digits after the decimal point is equal to the precision specification If no precision is specified then six digits are output If the precision is 0 zero then no decimal point appears Converts the output in the style of the f or e conversion characters or E in the case of the G conversion with the precision specifying the number of significant digits Trailing zeros are removed from the result A decimal point appears only if it is followed by a digit The style used depends on the value converted Style g results only if the exponent resulting from the conversion is less than 4 or if it is greater than or equal to the precision Outputs a string and bytes from the string are printed until the end of the string is encountered or the number of bytes indicated by the precision is reached If no precision is specified all characters in the string are printed If the result of a conversion is wider than the field width the field is expanded to contain the converted result No truncation occurs However a small precision may cause truncation on the right 79
85. ile when TASCOM is exited and are reloaded from the file when TASCOM is started A standard set of motor parameters are available on the gearing files for the different spectrometer set up e g bwl gea tas for the spectrometer loaded with the command BW1 GEA An example on a gearing file is included in this manual as appendix A Note that parameter values changed with the SMPNA or SMPNU commands are lost when the parameters from the gearing file are loaded This is due to the fact that the gearing file calls mparl tas and mpar2 tas that contains a number of SMPNU commands that overwrites ealier SMPNA or SMPNU commands With the command SMPAR the present motor parameters from the first two groups of motor parameters are saved in ASCII form on a file in the user command directory the first one specified if more than one user directory e g SMPAR fname saves the parameters on file fname tas The motor parameters may then be reloaded by typing the name of the file The motor parameters are set to default values with the command _INIMCB The parameters are also set to default values when a new symbol table is loaded with the command LO S see the appendix page 64 The default values are defined internally in 30 TASCOM and are normally not the same as the values in e g bwl_gea tas Thus following a LO S command the gearing file should be loaded Multiplexed motors In instrumentations using the P2324 Octal motor drive that ca
86. ile TASCOM was not running At start up and when the command SUPPORT is given TASCOM lists the assignment to the variables SYM NAME LAST GEA LAST DIS and possibly LAST The variables are useful at instrumentations with several mechanical set ups each having different symbol tables and set up files SYM NAME holds the name of the last loaded ASCII symbol table and is updated when an ASCII symbol table is loaded LAST GEA LAST DIS and LAST MUX show the names of the gearing file the display set up file and the multiplexer file respectively provided they are updated when the files are loaded The user should include these three variables in the files as shown in the examples in the appendix A read only version of TASCOM may be invoked with the Linux command sim tascom At start up read only TASCOM reads the present state of the symbol table motor control block etc and enters calculation mode CALC 1 see page 45 which is indicated by the prompt gt Read only TASCOM never writes anything on files and does not communicate with the ECB system or other peripheral equipment It may be run in a 12 window at the same time as the normal TASCOM runs in another window It is usefull for checking command files by doing simulated scans e g to check the values for the motor settings 13 3 TASCOM syntax Basic syntax TASCOM does not distinguish between UPPERCASE and lowercase letters in variable names or command names but translate
87. ile they are counting rather than wait for a scan to complete The variables F_TIM F_MON 1 and F_AUX may be used to read the timer and scalers directly from the ECB timer scaler module e g reads the timer Some systems have four additional scalers These scalers are named 14 15 I6 and I7 They can not be used as preset scalers but are started with the commands that start the other scalers and stopped when the other three scalers are stopped They may be read while counting with the commands F 14 F I5 F I6 and F I7 The COUN command counts for the given preset and reads the scalers The command COST makes it possible to start counting and immediately return to command mode so that other commands may be executed while counting The counting continues until preset is reached or control C is typed The variable COFL may be used to check the state of the scalers it returns COFL 1 if the scalers are counting and COFL 0 if the scalers are stopped Counting may be stopped at any time by typing control C If the variable ASK CC is ASK CC 1 the user is asked whether the counting is to be restarted continue or aborted If ASK 0 the counting is immediately aborted when control C is typed The scaler variables measure a total intensity but it is often useful to see the intensity per second on the video display TASCOM can convert counts into a rate internally and shows these on the video display The names of these ratemeter
88. ion is loaded and when TASCOM exits the binary version is saved When LO S is used to load the symbol table file all parameters are set to default values Therefore following LO S command the motor and display set up files must normally be reloaded The motor multiplexing set up file eg bw2 mot tas must be loaded as the first one if multiplexing is used Then the motor parameter file e g bw2 gea tas Finally the display set up file e g bw2 dis tas Also some parameters e g the user directories file names SEGN and others might have to be set The motor names might also have to be changed in the display set up file found in directory usr users tasfiles command sys This determines what name appears on the four line video display An example of a display set up file is given in appendix C If the motor names in the display set up file are defined as see appendix C the motors will be given the same names as defined in the symbol table and it is not necessary to edit the file after a motor name change However the new names must be defined on the display by loading the display set up file A sequence of commands that loads a new symbol table and restore the motor parameters and the display might look as follows for BW2 gt SYMBOL my symb Save all symbol values in my symb tas gt LO 5 2 sym Load new symbol table file gt BW2_ MUX Load motor multiplexing gt BW2_GEA Load motor parameters gt BW2 DIS Load display set
89. ions and functions For example if A is an array and B and C are real variables A 1 56 B C B A 1 56 C B SIN A 1 56 Array elements may also be used in logical expressions like IF A 1 56 gt 1000 Array elements can replace real variable in internal or external TASCOM commands like in the following statement AFIP M1 A 1 56 19 If the subscripts used are real variables then rounding and integer conversion takes place before the subscript is used Storage of arrays Each time an array is defined or declared by means of the DIM statement memory is allocated to hold the array elements and the array name and dimension is put on the symbol table When TASCOM is exited the symbol table is stored in a file The values of all the array elements for each array are stored in a separate file with the same name as the array and the extension arr in subdirectory usr users tasfiles array for system arrays and in usr users tascom array for user arrays When TASCOM is again invoked the symbol table along with all the arrays are read in again When a user array is deleted the name of the array is removed from the symbol table and the memory that was occupied by the array is freed for other use The array file with extension arr in subdirectory usr users tascom array is also deleted 20 5 Motor control A motor can be moved by assigning the motor name a new value e g M1 10 This assignment results in TASCOM
90. irectory chmod Changes permission codes chmod absolute mode file cp Copies a file cp p source file destination file cp p source file destination directory cp r p source directory destination directory Copies the directory and the entire subtree to the new location p Keep date and time of files df Displays statistics on free disk space df k k Reports statistics in kilobytes rather than 512 byte bloccks diff Compares text files diff filel file2 du Displays a summary of disk usage du exit Causes the shell to exit exit find Finds files find pathname name expression print name expression Searches for filenames that match the named expression print Displays path to all matching files 83 grep Searches a file for a pattern grep pattern file head Displays the beginning of a file head count file count Number of lines to display default is 10 Ipr Sends files to the printer queue for printing Ipr h Pprinter file h Supress printing of the cover page Pprinter Sends the file to the specified printer less Displays a file one screenful at a time less file Up arrow Down arrow Scroll one line Page Up key Page Down key Scroll up screen q Quit Is Lists information about files Is al file a Listall entries in a directory including dot entries l Display mode owner group size and time for each file ll Identical to Is 1 man Displa
91. ise If a string is returned it is stored in the TASCOM variable VSTR If a value is returned it is stored in the TASCOM variable VDIG For example SPCM energy returns the value of energy in VDIG The first SPCM command send from TASCOM opens the communication with ON LINE The communication is terminated with the command SPCM Two TASCOM variables SP HOST SP PORT defines the PC and the port for the TASCOM communication For example for 1 SP HOST hasbwl SP PORT 7777 They are read only variables and should normally never be changed 53 18 ADC control On an ECB analog to digital module is included The module has 16 analog input channels that are read with the command ADC number where number is the channel number lt number lt 16 The ADC value read is stored in the variable VDIG and printed on the screen if the command was from the screen The value is between 10 Volt and 10 Volt 54 19 BW2 Floor The floor on BW2 may be adjusted up or down with three motors M1 M2 and M3 Two Wyler level meters is used to control that the floor is horisontal To maintain the horisontal orientation the three floor motors must be moved simultaneously If the slope of the floor exceeds 0 3 degree the movement of the floor is stopped Attempt to move only one or two of the motors result in an error message The floor motors can not be moved with the manual box The Wyler level meter rea
92. joystick The Speed switch allows one to change between a low speed range typically 1 40 steps sec and a high speed range e g 350 3000 steps sec The minimum and maximum speeds in the two ranges are set with the SMPNA command see later and choosen so that the motors are not running faster than they can and not running at a possible resonance speed The position of the motor selected with the manual box is shown underlined at the first line on the video display 24 The box has the following modes C mode used to change manual selected octal motors on P2324 L mode where one can set software limits P mode where one can input limits for a standard motor scan and execute the scan 1 4 mode determines which four motors or scalers are dispayed on the video monitor These modes are selected by toggling through the options C L P 1234 on the LED indicator using the Select button Motors connected to the P2324a octal motor drive may be run from the manual box by selecting the octal drive with the knob on the box This selects the one motor already enabled on the octal drive out of the eight motors that may be connected to the octal drive To enable another of the eight motors select the C mode with the select button and use the or button to scroll through the eight motors connected to the octal drive until the wanted motor is shown on the monitor In L mode the user moves the manually selected motor to the lower
93. l FINA If a symbol is undefined 1 is returned If the symbol is an indirect symbol numl or num2 for the symbol to which the indirect symbol points is returned The and commands may for example be used to check the size of an array symbol For a one dimensional array num2 is 0 and numl the number of array elements For a two dimensional array the size is num num2 The following is an examlpe on the use of the symbol parameter functions It checks whether symbol DD is defined as an array symbol and if so returnes the size of the array IF G INDEX DD undefined symbol DD PROMPT END IF G TYPE DD 5 DD is not an array symbol PROMPT END IF NUM2 DD 0 AND NUM1 DD 0 DD is a 1 dim array Number of elements G NUMI DD END IF NUM2 DD 0 AND G_NUM1 DD 0 DD is 2 dim array Number of elements G NUM1 DD G DD END 67 Symbol table example The following is an example on a somewhat reduced ASCII symbol table for an instrumentation with four motors SYMBOL TABLE SYM NAME is set
94. les FKEYi where 1 lt i 7 By default each of the variables calls a command file cfkeyi tas in the system command file directory usr users tasfiles command sys The connection between the switches FKEYi and cfkeyi is listed below Refer to the sketch of the manual box in the chapter describing the box FKEYi cfkeyi Switch on box cfkeyl 1 2 peak P mode first time the switch is activated FKEY2 cfkey2 1 2 peak P mode second time the switch is activated FKEY3 cfkey3 1 2 P mode first time the switch is activated FKEY4 cfkeyA 1 2 P mode second time the switch is activated 5 cfkey5 upper L mode FKEY6 cfkey6 lower L mode FKEY7 cfkey7 both P mode both switches activated simultaneously The command files cfkeyi tas that are located in the system command file directory usr users tasfiles command sys should be changed by the system manager only If the user wants to change the function of one of the switches he should copy the command file for the switch to the user command directory and make the changes there When TASCOM looks for command files it looks first in the user command directories defined by TCOM DIR If the file is not found there TASCOM looks in the system command directory Thus if files exist with the same name in several directories the file found first will be used by TASCOM Another way of changing the function of a switch is to make an assignment to FKEYi For exa
95. les may be overwritten 36 The output of arrays to data array files on each OUT command can be switched on and off using the status variables AROU If AROU 1 arrays are output if AROU 0 output is switched off Alternatively the command AOUT may be used to output arrays specified in the FIA buffer to data array files AOUT outputs the array data when AOUT is executed not at the OUT command and will produce output even if AROU 0 Arrays are stored as ASCII files depending on the variable FIBI as follows FIBI value Array type File extension 1 ASCII with format d dar 0 ASCII with format as specified for the array dar FIBI 1 gives the smallest ASCII data array files since the elements are separated by one space only but the elements are not grouped nicely in columns Log file and log printer TASCOM allows the user to generate a log either on a printer connected the computer or on a file or both The log printer is enabled with the assignment LOGP 1 while LOGP 0 disables the log printer The log file is enabled with the assignment LOGF 1 while LOGF 0 disables the log file LOGF 1 and LOGP 1 are also used to print a header on the log The extension of the logfile is log and its name is defined by the character variable FINL e g FINL my_log The logfile is to be found in the data subdirectory defined by the user If LOGDIR is defined and nonzero the logfile is in usr users tascom data The log parameters are de
96. line Exceptions to that rule are expressions with AND or OR Lines with such expressions may be split after AND or OR ie AND OR must be the last token on the split line String variables A number of functions are available for manipulating string varaibles as illustrated by the following examples Adding two or more strings FINA FIAR 123 Comparing strings IF FINA abcd IF FINA FIAR xyZ STRingLENgth Return the length L of the string FINA L STRLEN FINA STRing TO Real Return the real value R of the string STRING STRING 1234 STRTOR STRING Real TO STRing Convert the real variable R to a string FINA with the format specified R 12 34 RTOSTR 6 3 R STRing TO Array Return the ASCII values of the characters in the string STRING to the array elements AB 0 to AB 3 STRING abcd AB 0 3 STRTOA STRING Array TO STRing Return a string FINA with the characters those ASCII values are specified in array AB FINA ATOSTR AB Keyboard function keys F1 to F10 The function keys F1 to 10 are programmable by the TASCOM variables Fi where 1 lt i lt 10 For example F4 2 places the command line M1 M2 in the F4 buffer and and pressing function key F4 on the keyboard will execute the command line If the last character in a command line is a space e g F10 M1 M2 pressing the function key wi
97. ll not execute the command line immediately but display the line on the screen waiting for the user to execute the command line by typing a carreturn possibly after editing in the command line 17 4 Arrays Arrays in TASCOM are a collection of real variables Each array variable can hold a number in the range 10 with 8 decimal places of significance Array variables can be either one dimensional or two dimensional The one dimensional arrays can have up to 65536 elements and the two dimensional arrays can have up to 65536 65536 elements However the number of elements is limited by the available memory space Arrays can be system arrays or user arrays System arrays are defined and dimensioned in the ASCII symbol table file and can not be defined dimensioned or deleted by the user User arrays must be defined and dimensioned by the user with the DIM command before any other reference is made to them Syntax Arrays may be referred to without specifying the subscripts CT where and are arrays with the same dimensions Array elements may be referred to with subscripts e g D A 1 56 where D is a variable and A is a two dimensional array The subscripts may be variables or expressions as well e g D A 1 56 BIN M A 1 56 A range of elements in an array may be selected e g A 12 56 The ellipsis specifies that the elements A 12 A 13 A 56 are to be referred to in an O
98. mand stores the result in VDIG while the last command stores the result in TEMPI Set up parameters for the temperature control are held in files named t lt number gt tas in directory usr users tasfiles command tfil and are sent to the temperature control with the command TFIL number e g typing TFIL 1234 will send the parameters in file t1234 tas to the temperature control Calibration parameters for the temperature control are held in files named c lt number gt tas in directory usr users tasfiles command cfil and are send to the temperature control with the command CFIL number The command PIDD dumps PID parameters from the temperature control to a file from where they may later be reloaded possibly after being edited The reload command is PFIL For example PIDD 1 name loads the PID parameters from temperature channel 1 to the file name pid in the users directory The command loads PID parameters from file name pid to the temperature control 48 14 ON OFF control On some systems an ECB relay module is included for control of ON OFF functions The module has 16 relay contacts that may be shifted with the command SREL and read with the command RREL The syntax is SREL number onoff where number is the relay number 1 number lt 16 and onoff is 1 for relay on 0 for relay off RREL number where number is the relay number 1 lt number 16 RREL returns 1 0 if relay is on off to th
99. mple FKEY1 COUN I will start a count for the given preset followed by print of the scaler each time the key is pressed Such an assignment however is lost when TASCOM is exit since starting TASCOM sets FKEYi To further ilustrate the function of the manual box operations follows listings of some of the cfkeyi the command files 70 cfkey3 tas COMMAND FILE FOR FUNCTION KEY 3 GMOT MOTOR PPO1 MOTOR _GMPNA MOTOR NUMBER PPOl NUM VDIG MOTOR 1 MOTOR cfkey4 tas COMMAND FILE FOR FUNCTION KEY 4 GMOT MOTOR PPO2 MOTOR _GMPNA MOTOR NUMBER PPO2_NUM VDIG MOTOR PPO2 MOTOR cfkey7 tas COMMAND FILE FOR FUNCTION KEY 7 1 OLDPRES PRES OLDPRSC PRSC PRSC 0 PRES 2 DMAN 0 IF 1 PPO2 NUM SMA MOTOR PPO1 PPO2 7 PRES ELSE PPOl and PPO2 refer to different motors END PRES OLDPRES PRSC OLDPRSC DMAN 1 In cfkey3 tas the command GMOT sets variable MOTOR to point to the motor selected on the manual box The function is equvalent to doing an indirect assignment like MOTOR lt name of manually selected motor gt The position of the motor is saved in variable PPOI the motor number in NUM and the position printed on the screen cfkey4 tas is similar In cfkey7 tas the preset values are temporarily saved and the manual motor box is disabled to allow the motor to be run from
100. n multiplex eight motors from one ECB motor control output the parameter MULT_MOT must be set to MULT _MOT 1 If multiplexing is not used MULT 0 After the value of MULT_MOT has been changed TASCOM must be exited and restarted before the new value is applied A list of which motors are multiplexed may be obtained with the command LPORT The motor multiplexing set up file is described in the appendix page 74 31 8 Counting scalers and ratemeters The ECB timer scaler module has a timer and three inputs for scaler readings counts In TASCOM these units have the names 0 TIM 1 MON 2 I 3 AUX timer monitor intensity detector intensity auxiliary intensity On completion of a counting started with e g the COUN command see below these variables are read from the ECB timer scaler module to the symbol table When asking for one of them e g MON or when they are included in one of the output buffers their values are taken from the symbol table It is possible to measure the detector intensity for a fixed time in the timer or for a fixed number of counts at one of the scalers The status variable PRSC defines the counting mode PRSC 0 Preset is time ECB clock PRSC i Preset is taken from scaler number i So PRSC 1 takes preset from the monitor The variable PRES defines the preset counting time either as real time in seconds PRSC 0 or in monitor counts PRSC 1 It is possible to read the timer and scalers wh
101. n a special motor control block for each motor and the value in the symbol table is not used For procedure calls the value is the number of arguments to the call or 0 if number of arguments checking is not wanted FORMAT A string specifying the format used at output of the symbol Anything on a line following is a comment 63 The ASCII version of the symbol table file that has extension sor is found under the usr users tasfiles symfil directory in the system managers log in account and can be loaded from within TASCOM A new ASCII symbol table file must be loaded when new system symbols are wanted or when symbol names are changed e g changes of motor names This should only be done by the system manager and only after the symbol values are saved see below A new symbol table file is loaded with one of the TASCOM commands _LO S or _LO_SOU that loads the source ASCII version of the symbol table and creates a new binary version e g the command S bwl sym loads the ASCII symbol table file bw1 sym sor When the new symbol table file is successfully loaded it is recommended to save the binary version of the symbol table with the command _ SAVE 5 or by EXIT It is the binary version that is saved when TASCOM 515 exited and reloaded when TASCOM 15 started If for some unexpected reason TASCOM is stopped before the new binary symbol table is saved e g by a power failure then when TASCOM is restarted the old binary symbol table
102. n to the simple plot a more detailed plot may be generated using the separate PLOT program For details see appendix P page 88 Statistical calculation When a scan is finished TASCOM can perform simple statistical analysis by calculation of the mean value and standard deviation on the measured data The command STAT 39 calls the statistical analysis program and the calculated data are printed on the screen with one line for each variable specified The variables for which statistics are calculated are held in the STP buffer The variables currently in the buffer may be listed on the terminal with the command LSTP Variable names are placed in the buffer with the command DSTP The syntax is for example DSTP MI LM2 The DSTP command automatically clear the buffer before filling it New variable names may be appended to the buffer with the command ASTP All appended parameters can be removed from the buffer by the REAP command Note that variables in the STP buffer must also be included in the FIP buffer e g with the DFIP command The statistical calculation is done on the data in the data output file so in order to do the calculation on a variable the variable must be in the data output file 40 11 Command files Sequences of TASCOM commands can be entered in command files and executed by simply writing the name without the extension of the command file The name must be in lower case consisting of letters numbers or the unders
103. nt sign and the type character must always be part of the format conversion specification while the flags width and prec are optional The format specification follows the standard for the C language The parts of the specification controls the following flags The flag characters 0 and blank They can appear in any order and combination blank If the first character of a signed conversion is not a sign a blank is prefixed to the result If both the blank and options appear then the blank option is ignored The value is converted to an alternative form For d and 5 conversions the option has no effect For e E f g and G conversions the result always contains a decimal point even if no digits follow the point For g and G conversions trailing zeros are not removed from the result as they usually are 0 For d e E f g and G conversions leading zeros following any indication of sign or base are used to pad to the field width no space padding is performed If the 0 zero and options appear the 0 zero option is ignored For d conversion if a precision is specified the 0 zero option is ignored t The result of a signed conversion always begins with a or The result of the conversion is left aligned within the field width An optional decimal digit string that specifies the minimum field width If the converted value has fewer characters than the field width the field is padded on the le
104. nter key TASCOM is ready to execute commands when it displays the gt prompt Several such command files for standard scans are supplied with the program Symbol table As well as these external command files TASCOM has a number of predefined internal commands These do not exist as tas files but are subroutines of the program TASCOM The names of these commands are stored in a symbol table The names of tas command files are not stored in this table If TASCOM cannot find a command in the symbol table it begins searching on the hard disk for a tas command file TASCOM allows the user to define under which subdirectory the search occurs This feature allows different users to keep their customized commands separate avoiding confusion Variables To designate such things as motors angles distances counting times measured intensities the TASCOM language uses variables with names of eight letters or less The variables are stored in the symbol table Again certain variables are predefined internally while other customized variables can be defined by the user Internal variables are for example the preset counting time PRES or the measured intensity I There are a number of internal variables called status variables or flags which determine whether TASCOM performs certain actions For example if FIOU is 1 the program will send output to a datafile otherwise it won t Also certain internal variables are associated with character strings
105. ntout of the scan When a new scan is started the file plot plt is deleted and a new plot plt is created but no new plot is displayed before four points of the new scan have been measured To start PLOT in this mode open a window cd to the right directory and type eg PLOT 1 In this example arguments arg2 to arg5 are not specified and are set to 0 If instead a plot without a fit to the data points at the end of the scan is wanted the command that starts PLOT could be PLOT 1003 A plot window should now appear In the original window the user is asked to type the number of seconds between update of the plot One second is minimum A number of status messages will appear in the original window during the running of PLOT PLOT is terminated by typing ctrl c in the original window In TASCOM the command DPLO determines the x and y cordinates of the plot eg MOTOR I will result in the variables MOTOR and I being written to the plot file plot plt when each point in the scan has been measured PLOT reads the file every time it wants to update the plot Several TASCOM variables specify the plot created by PLOT These variables are written by TASCOM at the start of each scan to the plot file plot mat from where they are read by PLOT The variables are XMIN XMAX Min and max for the x axis eg XMIN 0 XMAX 100 If XMAX XMIN autoscaling on the x axis LIMY Scaling parameter for the y axis LIMY 0 autoscaling LIMY 1 use YMIN and
106. nux commands It is possible to execute Unix Linux commands from TASCOM with the TASCOM command UNIX COM The UNIX COM command may take Tascom variables or strings as arguments so that the Unix Linux command is composed by all the arguments added together The arguments may be separated by commas or added by plus signs To ease the use of UNIX COM the following four read only Tascom variables may be included as arguments PATH DAT usr users tascom data value of DATA DIR PATH TAS usr users tascom FILE DAT latest data file name e g mine0022 dat FILE ARR latest array data file name e g mine0022 dar 45 For example the following two commands show two ways of doing the same UNIX COM cat PATH DAT FILE DAT UNIX cat usr users tascom data DATA FILE DAT Both commands will list the latest data file in the Tascom window If the flag UNIX FLG is set to UNIX FLG 1 and UNIX COM is typed on the keyboard the Unix Linux command is printed in the Tascom window before it is send to the Unix Linux shell If UNIX FLG 2 the Unix Linux command is printed in the Tascom window even if UNIX COM is included in a tas command file If the flag UNIX CAL is set to UNIX CAL 0 or is undefined the UNIX COM command will only execute when CALC 0 If UNIX CAL 1 the UNIX COM command will execute also in calculation mode CALC 1 and in sim tascom OWL command The OWL command can call an external program transfer data from TASC
107. oard command cmd the plot variables from the DPLO command plv some parameters 35 useful for later plot of the data pls the date and time line fdt the file header parameters fih and their value fhp and the file parameters fip The line starting with the cmd prefix may be changed with the SAVE_LIN command A SAVE LIN command in a tas command file will result in the following command line in the command file being saved for output in the data file after the cmd prefix Note that the line is saved at the time the commands are compiled while output to the data file is when the commands are executed Therefore if several SAVE LIN commands are used in the same command file semicolons must be inserted to separate the SAVE LIN commands The format width of the variables in the output buffers should not be less than the number of characters in the variable name plus one plus for array elements the number of characters in the indices E g in the example above the format for A DAT should be 10d if the width is less e g 7d there is not enough room on the fih line for the whole array element name 12 Usually when a scan is finished a new scan 15 started and a new data file is opened Sometimes however it is desirable to continue a scan and add more data to the already closed data file This is possible by setting the variable REOPEN F 1 A new data file is normally opened by the OUT command following
108. of the following 28 START MAX AUTO MAN ACC RANGE ENC CONT ROT RACK DELAY TOL DEGREE DIG BACK ULIM LLIM OFFSET FIX NUMBER For example Speed in steps sec at start of acceleration in fast speed range Maximum speed in steps sec in fast speed range Speed in steps sec in auto mode and slow speed range Speed in steps sec in manual mode and slow speed range Acceleration deceleration time Speed range Fast 1 Slow 0 0 for no encoder encoder number if axis has encoder 0 if no control signals used Direction of rotation Motor drive rack number Start delay time Position tolerance Step per degree Degree per encoder digit Backlash Upper software limit equal to U lt motor name gt Lower software limit equal to L lt motor name gt Offset Motor fixed if 1 Only with GMPNA returns motor number SMPNA CHI 8 200 sets the start speed for motor CHI to 200 steps sec A list of the motor parameters for all motors can be obtained by writing LMPAR to get all the parameters LMPARI for the first group of parameters LMPAR2 for the second group of parameters and LMPARG3 for the third group of parameters These commands may have a motor name as argument e g LMPAR MI lists all motor parameters for motor M1 Most motors have resonance ranges and will loose steps if they run at speeds in these ranges and of course all motors have a maximum speed above which they do not move at all Thus it is o
109. ower limit switch is activated Up arrow and down arrow at the same time normally indicates the presens of the ERROR signal from the group of limit switches connected in series i e at least one of these switches is activated If an up OR down arrow is shown then the motor may be backed away from the limit switch in the direction opposite to that of the movement which caused the limit switch to be activated Also such limit switches affect only one motor each Limit switches of the ERROR type prevent movement of any motor in any direction How then to move off an ERROR limit For this one can use the pushbuttons Bypass error and Error on on one of the limit switch modules in the motor drive racks 26 Holding down Bypass error allows one to move the offending motor off the limit switch It also allows one to move the motor in the opposite direction Further into the limit Thus the pushbutton Bypass error should be used only with the utmost care and the motor movement should be observed visually By pressing and holding down the pushbutton Error on any ongoing motor movement can be stopped e g in an emergency 27 7 Motor parameters The motors implemented in a given spectrometer set up are specified in the ASCII symbol table file for that set up Also for each set up there are 1 A multiplexer set up file specifying the P2324a octal motor multiplexer set up not used at BW and W1 at present 2 A gearing file
110. rk cursor Restore text at cursor Restore rectangle at cursor Search text forward backward repete Set a mark Put text before cursor Put rectangle at cursor Save without leaving emacs Save changes and leave emacs uick Reference Guide emacs lt file name gt CTRL b CTRL f CTRL p CTRL n CTRL v Esc lt Esc gt CTRL a CTRL e Esc is function key F11 on the DEC alpha keyboard CTRL k CTRL w CTRL x rk CTRL y CTRL x r y CTRL s CTRL r CTRL s space CTRL y CTRL x ry CTRL x followed by CTRL s CTRL x followed by 86 Appendix TASCOM Directory tree x oa in accounts og in accounts 1 sak tae ivi Vot 91949247 919549 dota data Sacto dw MATA DIR Q SEJ E 3peulilvu Dy tneenm USGI tasco vana 3 y NATA UE 5 24 XR ame Protected ac tasfiles 194591944919 Co Uo Co avalonment Jevotopment PENES itt yco Jerauit cer suh dire for cammand cammand 4 USCI SUD QIIS TOT CO tascom command name Pilze ed hu TORK ase 4 CS Dy en ICOM DIR Hama e g DIK ame Orrov ser array USG hals files 1165 cum imho hja Sy Symbol table m 5 v M GO
111. s and which motor is selected on the manual box In addition up to three running motors may be shown on the three bottom lines of the display overwriting while they are running the units otherwise selected on these lines If this feature is wanted set the symbol DISP_RM 1 If DISP_RM 0 or undefined running motors do not overwrite the lower lines on the display It is possible to move motors by normal motor assignments at the TASCOM terminal even when the manual box is in manual mode This is done by assigning DMAN 0 which disables the manual box Control is restored to the manual box by assigning DMAN I In the standard files which are executed when the manual box is in P mode the assignment DMAN CO is made at the beginning of the scan and DMAN 1 at the end The action TASCOM takes when one of the switches on the manual box is pressed may be programmed by the user However reprogramming the switches might make the above description obsolete and should be done by the system manager only How the switches are programmed is described in the appendix page 70 Hardware motor limit switches The motors stop when a hardware limit switch is reached while the TASCOM software limits are bypassed when motors are in manual control If a hardware limit is reached while moving a motor this is indicated by an arrow sign next to the motor name on the display An up arrow indicates that upper limit switch is activated a down arrow indicates that l
112. s which can be included on the display set up file are RdS RdM RdF RmS RmM RmF RaF 32 These are not TASCOM variables but only appear on the video display The ratemeter shows the intensity per second at the detector monitor or auxiliary d m or a by measuring the counts I MON or AUX per second The averaging time of this measurement can be 4 sec Slow e g RdS 1 sec Medium e g RdM or 0 25 sec Fast e g RdF The rate meter can be enabled all the time by assigning RATE 1 which means that the scalers runs all the time i e when preset is reached the scalers stop while they are read and are restarted immediately after If RATE 0 the ratemeter is only enabled during counting i e the scalers are not restarted after they are read out If RATE 1 the ratemeter is only enabled during counting but when TASCOM returns to prompt mode e g when a tas command file is finished RATE is set to RATE 1 The command WAIT s makes TASCOM wait for a specified number of seconds s e g WAIT 10 23 waits for 10 23 seconds The symbol TIME holds the time in seconds since 1 January 1970 The command GET TIME updates the TASCOM variables YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR MINUTE and SECOND from the system clock The variable TFRQ determines the frequency of the internal timer in the ECB system Normally TFRQ 1000 but if PRES is set to a value greater than 4 hours the assignment TFRQ 10 should be made If the variable CH
113. s motor M2 again and counts again M2 2000 COUN M2 4000 COUN Line editing One can use the Arrow keys to retrieve the last executed command strings possibly edit them and execute them again without having to type them in from scratch Ctrl A moves the pointer to the start of the input line Ctrl E to the end of the line Ctrl U erases the input line from the pointer to the start of the line and Ctrl K erases the input line from the pointer to the end of the line The input line may have up to 256 characters The start of the input line is the first character typed after the prompt 7 and the end of the line is a car return character typed by the user Thus in the Tascom window a Tascom input line may be displayed as more than one line Output of variables The value of a variable can be output to the screen by a question mark directly in front of the variable name A list of variable values can be output in the same manner by separating the variable names with commas A comment may also be written by putting it in single quotation marks For example RECIPROCAL LATTICE POINT XY will return RECIPROCAL LATTICE POINT X 0 0000 6 0000 Such comments are useful for later reference if a slave printer is recording everything that appears on the screen A set of variables often required at once can be conveniently output by creating an appropriate command file An example is the command file MOTOR STATUS 2M1 LM1 LM2 M2
114. s on the first P2324 Finally four motors controlled by port eight and multiplexed through the first four drive output lines on the second P2324 75 Appendix J General GPIB device command The general GPIB device command GDEV may be used to send commands to devices on the GPIB The command may be used to communicate with devices that are not otherwise supported by TASCOM It will work with most devices but not all The device is specified by the GPIB address in TASCOM symbol GADDR The terminator character in the message to the device is set in symbol GWTERM and the terminator character in the return message from the device in symbol GRTERM If _GRTERM 0 no return message is expected The return message is stored in array If the array does not exist already it must be defined by DIM GD 80 The communication with the device takes place when the GDEV command is executed The command may be specified with or without a string argument If GDEV is followed by a string argument the string is send to the device followed by the terminator character If GDEV is not followed by an argument the characters in the array is send to the device See the examples below Example 1 Send message to a device at GPIB address 2 The message string is given as an argument to the GDEV command and must be terminated by a newline character A return message is expected and is terminated by car return _GADDR 2 _GWTERM 10 Terminator c
115. specifying motor parameters such as speed accelerations etc for the ECB controlled motors 3 A display set up file for the ECB video display The following is a list of ASCII symbol table files gearing files multiplexer set up files and display set up files for BW1 BW2 and WI Spectrometer Symbol table Gearing Display Multiplexer BWI bwl sym sor bwl gea tas bwl dis tas BW2 bw2 sym sor bw2 gea tas bw2 dis tas bw2 mux tas WI wl sym sor wl gea tas wl dis tas Symbol table files are found in directory usr users tasfiles symfil in the system managers log in account and are loaded with commands like LO S bwl sym that loads the ASCII symbol table file for the BW spectrometer Note that loading an ASCII symbol table file resets TASCOM variables to default values see page 64 Multiplexer files gearing files and display set up files are tas command files and are found in directory usr users tasfiles command sys They are loaded by typing their names without the extensions Motor parameters such as the acceleration and speed of the motor can be set with the Set Motor Parameter commands SMPNA or SMPNU The values of the parameters can be read to the variable VDIG with the Get Motor Parameter commands GMPNA GMPNU The syntax is SMPNA motor name parameter name value SMPNU motor number parameter name value _GMPNA motor name parameter name _GMPNU motor number parameter name parameter name is one
116. t mode if the command PROMPT is executed in the command file With the command BEFOR_CC the user may specify a command file that will be run before control C returns e g if BEFOR CC xxx the file xxx tas runs after control c is typed but before the prompt mode is entered The file specified in BEFOR CC is also run if the command file is terminated with the PROMPT command or because of a fatal error e g activation of a hardware limit switch while a motor is running BEFOR CC is useful if parameters in the beginning of a command file temporary are assigned some values and are reassigned to the old values before the command file finished If such a command file is interrupted by control c or by a fatal error or left with the PROMPT command the old values may be reassigned in Xxx tas Comments In a tas command file comments can be written by prefacing them with an exclamation mark TASCOM will ignore what follows on the line at compilation By using the it is possible to output text and variable values to the screen from a command file for example Motor MI will output Motor 10 Typing files The command TYPE allows one to list command file or other files e g TYPE myfile types the file myfile tas on the screen If the name of the file is specified without a path ie without a character in the specification the file is expected to be located in one of TASCOM command file directories In case of a TASCOM
117. that depends on the TASCOM variable PLOTDIR If _PLOTDIR 0 the plot array files are in the directory specified by DATA_DIR ie the same directory as the data files If PLOTDIR 1 the plot array files are in directory usr users tascom data The names of the plot array files are plot pa and plot pam and they are updated with the TASCOM command A OUT A new plot is generated when the files are updated In TASCOM the array P A must be defined as either a one dimensional array or a two dimensional array with the first index being 2 for example DIM P Ajn Or DIM P_A 2 n In the first case the array elements are plotted on the y axis while x is incremented by 1 In the second case the points plotted are x y P A 0 n P_A 1 n To start PLOT in this mode open a window cd to the right directory and type eg PLOT 7 In this example arguments arg2 to arg5 are not specified and are set to 0 If instead a plot of the array data without a fit to the data points is wanted the command that starts PLOT could be PLOT7003 A plot window should now appear Several TASCOM variables specify the plot created by PLOT These variables are written by TASCOM at the start of each plot to the plot file plot pam from where they read by PLOT The variables are _AXMIN Min and max for the x axis eg _AXMAX _AXMIN 0 _AXMAX 100 If AXMAX _AXMIN autoscaling on the x axis _ALIMY Scaling parameter for the y axis _ALIMY 0 autoscaling _ALIMY 1
118. the computer Then if the positions in PPOI and 2 refer to the same motor a scan is done from PPOI to PPO2 Finally the manual boxis enabled again and the old preset restored cfkey5 COMMAND FILE FOR FUNCTION KE GMOT MOTOR _SMPNA MOTOR ULIM MOTOR 2 upper limit for MOTOR cfkey6 COMMAND FILE FOR FUNCTION GMOT MOTOR _SMPNA MOTOR LLIM MOTOR 2 lower limit for MOTOR In cfkey5 and cfkey6 the command GMOT sets variable MOTOR to point to the motor selected on the manual box The Set Motor Parameter call sets the limit to the present motor position 71 Appendix F How to change motor names The names of motors are defined in the ASCII symbol table Motor names may have a maximum of three characters letters or numbers Change of motor names should be done by the system manager only Consider changing a motor name from to CHI The source ASCII version of the symbol table found under the usr users tasfiles symfil directory is edited to replace M1 with CHI The new symbol table is loaded with the TASCOM command S which loads the source ASCII symbol table file and creates a new binary version If e g the name of the ASCII symbol table file is bwl sym sor the load command is LO S bwl sym When the new symbol table is succesfully loaded save the binary version of the symbol table with the command SAVE S When TASCOM is started the binary vers
119. to the name of the file when it is loaded SYM 39 2 02 60 58 MOTOR CONTROL M1 10101 0 12g MOTORS HAVE SCOPE 10 M2 10102 0 5 12 M3 10 1 0 3 0 12g 4 10 10 4 0 12g LOWER SOFTWARE LIMITS LOWER LIMITS HAVE SCOPE 11 UPPER SOFTWARE LIMITS UPPER LIMITS HAVE SCOPE 12 The names for software limits and the symbol motor name are generated automatically by TASCOM when the symbol table is loaded with the 10 S command For a motor with the name the symbols and UM1 exist CALC 14 0 0 0 5 1 CALCULATION ON POTE l 0 0 5 1 SOFTWARE LIMITS TESTED OUPO 1 0 0 OUPO 1 OUTPUT LIMIT COUNTING SCALERS TIMER AND RATEMETERS TIM 33 0 0 0 10 3f TIMER MON 30 Quac 0 5 9 MONITOR I 30 02 0 5 9 DETECTOR AUX 30 0 3 0 9 AUXILIARY PRSC 1 00 0 SELECT PRESET UNIT PRES 1 0 0 1 12g PRESET IN SECONDS OR COUNTS RATE EX 36 0 0 Tz 5 RATE 1 RATEMETERS ENABLED COFL 32 0 0 0 COFL 1 SCALERS COUNTING IME 35 0 0 0 124 IME IN SECONDS 377 0 0 T 12g IMER FREQUENCY 1000 or 10 DATA STORAGE FINA 20 2 0 0 mine 12s FILE NAME OF DAT FILE SEGN 21 100 0 124 DATA FILE NUMBER OPEN FILE DFIT 300 0 12s FILE TEXT DFIT 5 FIOU 100 1 0 NO DATA TO FILE PROU 100 1 134
120. tring variable must be a string The user input to a real variable must be a number or a real variable expressions are not allowed For example ASK VAR Input following variables n FINA FIAR H K L The semicolon separator When TASCOM receives a command or a list of commands e g from a command file all the commands are translated into internal code that are stored in a node table This compiled version of the commands in the node table is then executed When a semicolon is entered in a list of commands the commands before the semicolon are compiled and executed Then the commands following the semicolon are compiled and executed If a fatal error occurs during the execution of the code before the semicolon execution of the whole command file is aborted The semicolon should be used to avoid problems when invoking a series of large command files to avoid overflow in the internal node table of TASCOM The semicolon should then be placed after each reference to a command file From Tascom version 3 08 the size of the node table has been increased from 32k words to 2M words 42 A semicolon must never occur within DO UNTIL WHILE NEXT or IF ELSE END control statements as the whole body of the control statement must be compiled before the execution can start Interrupting command files A running command file may be interrupted by control C in which case TASCOM returns to prompt gt mode A command file will also return to promp
121. tup filename e g SFIL mystart _SCHECK Check names of command files 12 Error handling and various features page 45 TRACE B If TRACE_B 0 no trace back WARN WARN 1 warning messages are printed COLOUR Background on error messages BEEP BEEP 1 beep with loudspeaker DO_BEEP Make a beep CALC CALC 1 sets calculation mode on gt Prompt for calculation mode UNIX_COM Commands to Unix Linux PATH DAT usr users tascom data lt DATA_DIR gt PATH_TAS usr users tascom FILE DAT latest data file name FILE ARR latest array data file name UNIX FLG 1 or 2 Print Unix Linux command OWL Data to from external program ODA ON 1 ODA enabled 0 ODA disabled bwl oda tas ODA status window set up HELP Help about topic 13 Temperature control A1931a page 48 TC command TC string EXP TEMPn SETn VDIG TFIL CFIL PFIL PIDD 14 ON OFF control RREL SREL 15 HP power supply control HPSn command HPSn string EXP HPA HPS FLAG 16 Multichannel analyser EMCA DMCA MCST RMCA CMCA _SETMCA LMCA DD DD DISP SHOW DD General temperature command General temperature command Read temperature e g TEMP2 Set temperarure e g SET4 123 45 Return value from temperature control Load set up parameters from file e g TFIL 123 Load set up parameters from file e g CFIL 123 Load set up parameters from file Dump PID parameters to file page 49 Read relay Set relay page 50 General HP power suppl
122. typed as the first character on a line The REMO command also gives a message on the log A new header is logged after LPAG lines of log output The length of the log lines may be adjusted with the variable LLINE 80 lt LLINE lt 200 If LLINE is not defined the line length is set to 120 characters If a log printer is used with Linux on a PC the PC serial port to which it is connected must be specified in the variable PORT_LOG For example PORT LOG cua2 38 10 TASCOM plot and Statistical Calculation When a scan is finished TASCOM can produce a simple plot and data analysis of the scan data by using the command PLOT This command is normally included at the end of scan command files The resulting plot is a stmple ASCII plot that is output on the screen as well as on the printer provided the printer is on To generate the plot TASCOM uses the data in the dat file and the files plot plt and plot cmd The variable PLOU enables disables the plot and data analysis so that if PLOU 0 no plot and no data analysis PLOU 1 plot but no data analysis PLOU 2 plot data analysis only PLOU 3 or 1 both plot and data analysis The command DPLO determines the x and y coordinates of the plot for example DPLO M1 I The status variable LIMY defines whether TASCOM should perform automatic scaling of the y axis LIMY 0 possibly with baseline 0 LIMY 2 If LIMY 1 the limits for the y axis are defined by the variables YM
123. ut to the screen if PROU O there is no output to the screen Subdirectories are used to store output data files so that for example different users can keep their data separate The string variable DATA DIR contains the current user subdirectory where the data files are stored The path specified in DATA DIR will be appended to usr users tascom data subdirectory For example if DATA DIR alpha beta gamma then data 15 stored subdirectory usr users tascom data alpha beta gamma Note that the directory must be created by the UNIX Linux command mkdir before writing data to it The following is an example on a data file fdt data mydata tes00012 dat 23 11 2001 14 18 59 txt Background scan SMA 2TA 7 11 7 2 Plot variables fplv 2TA I Plot parameters plp YMIN YMAX XMIN XMAX BACK LIMY NBAC PLTY ERR BAR 0915 0 0 0 05 1 05 0 15 0 0 0 0 File head parameters ih M1 A_DAT 12 TIM FINA fhp 0 00 480 100 000 tes File parameters fip 2T OM 2TA I 49 670 264 640 7 00 12 49 670 264 640 4 00 111 49 670 264 640 1 00 637 49 670 264 640 2 00 1020 49 670 264 640 5 00 877 49 670 264 640 8 00 98 49 670 264 640 11 00 5 Note the prefix on the lines in the data file These prefix used by calculation programs to distinguish between comments prefix com the file text txt the last keyb
124. y command General HP power supply command Array for return data from HP 1 Enable HP control page 51 Enable MCA Disable MCA Clear and enable MCA Read MCA data to DD Clear MCA Load detector set up parameters List detector set up parameters MCA data array Display MCA while counting Show a MCA display 17 Communication with ON LINE SPCM command string 18 ADC control ADC number 19 BW2 Floor General LINE command page 53 page 54 Read input channel number page 55 FLEVI FLEV2 FLEVISTR FLEV2STR Read Wyler level meters Full string from Wyler level meters 20 HP Data Acquisition Switch unit page 56 HPD FLAG 1 Enable HPD control HPD_TIME Set HPD date and time HPD command Send commands to HPD HPD RFM 1 Read HPD when Tascom is idle HPD FILE File name for HPD data e g FILE mine HPDA Array for return characters from HPD Array for data from HPD HPCHnnn HPD channel name e g HPCH105 name 21 File data input FIL OPEN file name FIL READ FIL SEP FIL NDAT FIL LINE FIL PAR Appendices Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix J Appendix K Appendix L Appendix M Appendix N Appendix O Appendix P page 58 Open file to read from Read a data line from file Seperation character Number of data tokens on each line Lines read Array getting data from file page 59 Motor set up file gea tas
125. y writing HELP SUBT All subtopics exist as files with the extension hlp in the directory usr users tasfiles help 47 13 Temperature control Risoe Digital Temperature Controller A1931a is used to control and read the temperature The TASCOM commands for A1931a has the form TC command where the command string is one of the legal temperature commands listed in the Quick Reference guide for the temperature controller Note however that not all of the commands in the Quick Reference guide can be used from TASCOM If the command string starts with value is returned from the temperature control to TASCOM parameter VDIG e g the command will return the temperature of thermometer 1 to VDIG Some temperature commands do not return a value but a text string e g the command TC VCCI returns or OFF In such cases VDIG is set to VDIG 0 if the string returned starts with the letters OF or N If the string starts with any other letters VDIG is to VDIG 1 A variable may also be specified outside the e g TC SETI 10 is identical to TC SETI1 10 This may be used to do temperature scans with a TASCOM variable The variables TEMP and SET where 1 i lt 8 may be used directly as TASCOM variables i e without the TC command Thus the commands TC SET3 20 and SET3 20 will give the same result The commands and both read temperature sensor number 1 but the first com
126. ymbol table file an error message is shown on the screen and the old binary symbol table is reloaded so that TASCOM is restored to the state before the load command Then the user may correct the error and try a new load command A new user symbol is created by assigning a value or a string to a name that is not already in the symbol table This may eventually fill up all empty slots in the symbol table so no 64 new user symbol can be created The command FICA lists the number of symbols in the symbol table and the number of empty slots The command SHOW US lists all user symbols the command SHOW SS lists all system symbols and the command SHOW lists all arrays The user is notified each time a new user symbol is created if the variable US 15 US 1 User symbols and user arrays may deleted The command DELS_ALL deletes all user symbols in the binary symbol table while the command DELA_ALL deletes all user arrays The command DELS deletes a user symbol e g DELS MINE deletes the user symbol MINE from the symbol table The command DELA deletes a user array e g DELA deletes user array from the symbol table The command _SYMBOL file name writes all symbol values and formats to the file file name tas in the user s command directory The file is an ASCII file that may be edited by the user The file may later be read by TASCOM and all symbols thereby set to the values and formats saved in the file If us
127. ys manual pages man title man k keyword mkdir Makes a directory mkdir directory more Displays a file one screenful at a time more file d Scroll down half a screen u Scroll up half a screen space Scroll down a full screen q Quit mv Moves Renames files and directories mv filel file2 mv filel directory mv directoryl directory2 84 ps Displays current process status ps la a all long listning pwd Displays pathname of current directory pwd rm Removes files and directories rm ifr file j Prompts before deleting each file f Does not prompt before deleting files r Deletes directory trees rmdir Removes an empty directory rmdir directory scp Copies files between a local and a remote host scp p source destination p Keep date and time of files ssh Connects the local host with a remote host ssh remote host su Log into another user account su name of new account tail Displays the end of files tail f file f Keep looking in the file w Shows who is logged on and what they are doing who Identifies users currently logged in who write Sends message to other users write user line write user a node line 85 Appendix N Emacs editor Start the editor Move the cursor by character line screen Move the cursor to top of file bottom of file start of line end of line Kill text from cursor to end of line from mark to cusor in a rectangle ma

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