User Guide to Disability Definitions
Contents
1. from the card next to the ones which apply Exclude difficulties which you would expect for a child of that age PROBE Which others 1 Mobility moving about 2 Lifting carrying or moving objects 3 With amendment changing reference to any illness disability or infirmity to physical or mental impairment illness or disability This wording is not currently in the FRS 3 Manual dexterity using your hands to carry out everyday tasks 4 Continence bladder and bowel control 5 Communication speech hearing or eyesight 6 Memory or ability to concentrate learn or understand 7 Recognising when you are in physical danger 8 Your physical co ordination eg balance 9 Other health problem or disability 10 None of these Probe and code at this question all substantial difficulties the illness causes the respondent This is important to allow DWP to capture and analyse the extent to which disabilities nealth problems affect the areas of respondents lives Ask if answer to Q2 is 10 None of these Can just check does child s name receive medication or treatment without which their health problems when taken together would substantially affect their life in the areas we have been discussing 1 Yes 2 No Ask if child aged 1 or over and answer to Q1 is Has NAME OF CHILD ever had a long term physical or mental impairment illness or disability that affected his h2. activities people do on a daily or regular basis such as shopping reading and writing talking social activities caring for oneself and others washing getting dressed eating etc walking and travelling by various forms of transport A normal day to day activity must affect one of a list of capacities which the Act sets out Mobility Manual dexterity Physical co ordination Continence Ability to lift carry or otherwise move everyday objects Speech hearing or eyesight Memory or ability to concentrate learn or understand or Perception of the risk of physical danger There are some special provisions for example anyone who would meet the above criteria in the absence of medication are covered by the DDA anyone that has been diagnosed as having cancer HIV infection or multiple sclerosis are automatically covered by the DDA where in the past the person was disabled they are still covered by the DDA This is the population the public bodies are required consider under the DED Recommended questions to identify the DDA population The questions the ODI recommends using to identify this population are 1 Do you have any long standing physical or mental impairment illness or disability By long standing mean anything that has troubled you over a period of at least 12 months or that is likely to affect you over a period of at least 12 months Does this Do these health problem s or disability ie
3. 4 is 1 Yes Did this health problem or disability Did these health problems or disabilities when taken singly or together substantially limit your ability to carry out normal day to day activities If you were receiving medication or treatment please consider what the situation would have been without medication or treatment 1 Yes 2 No Question yet to be inserted on FRS Ask if answer to Q4 is 2 No Have you ever been diagnosed with any of the following conditions 1 HIV 2 Cancer 3 Multiple Sclerosis MS Annex B Questions that underlie the government s current official estimate of disability for children Question Comments Question Wording Number 1 For children Does NAME OF CHILD have any long standing physical or mental impairment illness under a year old or disability By long standing mean anything that has troubled NAME OF CHILD over record whether a period of at least 12 months or that is likely to affect him her over a period of at least 12 the months illness disability is considered tobe 1 Yes long standing in 2 No relation to the child s age 2 Ask if answer to Does this Do these health problem s or disability ies mean that child s name has Q1 is 1 Yes substantial difficulties with any of these areas of his her life Please read out the numbers Show respondent card listing these areas of difficulty
4. User Guide to Disability Definitions published by the Office for Disability Issues Introduction There are a number of different definitions of disability used in surveys to identify disabled people The Office for Disability Issues ODI is encouraging the use of a single harmonised definition of disability This definition reflects the Disability Discrimination Act DDA definition of disability and is therefore a minimum standard for public bodies to use as part of their duties under the Disability Equality Duty DED This guide is intended to explain the set of questions ODI uses to identify the DDA population and the benefits for other public bodies of doing so Benefits of using a common definition of disability Disability is a complex phenomenon to measure for a number of reasons People s understanding of definitions of disability and the concept of disability itself vary It is possible for one person to define themself as disabled when another person with an identical condition would not One reason for this can be a perception that disabled is a stigmatising label In some circumstances there may be a need to identify a different group of disabled people than the group covered by the DDA However there are a number of reasons to also collect data on the full DDA population Greater harmonisation and cross survey analysis Using a harmonised definition of disability will reduce the influence of methodological differen
5. ces and provide a clearer view of changes over time in the disabled population and outcomes for disabled people DED requirement The Disability Equality Duty came into force on 4 December 2006 This legal duty requires all public bodies to actively look at ways of ensuring that disabled people are treated equally All of those covered by the specific duties must also have produced a Disability Equality Scheme which they must now implement In order to achieve disability equality authorities will need to gather evidence on the impact of their activities on disabled people Different definitions of disability may have been used by different authorities for specific aspects of their work To comply with the duty it is essential that public bodies consider the impact of their decisions on the full DDA population ODI is recommending that all government surveys collect information on the full DDA population Where necessary this population can be broken down to specific groups of interest DDA definition of disability The Act defines a disabled person as a person with a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long term adverse effect on his ability to carry out normal day to day activities Meaning of long term effect e One which has lasted at least 12 months e is likely to last 12 months or e is likely to last for the rest of the person s life Meaning of day to day activity This is not defined but covers
6. er activities By long term mean lasting for a year or more 2 No or answer 1 Yes to Q3 is 2 No 2 No having previously 10 answered Q2 10 None of these Ask if answer to Q4 is 1 Yes Did this health problem or disability Did these health problems or disabilities when taken singly or together substantially limit NAME OF CHILD s ability to carry out normal day to day activities If NAME OF CHILD was receiving medication or treatment please consider what the situation would have been without medication or treatment 1 Yes 2 No Question yet to be inserted on FRS Ask if answer to Q4 is 2 No Has NAME OF CHILD ever been diagnosed with any of the following conditions 1 HIV 2 Cancer 3 Multiple Sclerosis MS 11
7. f questions and government estimates of the number of people covered by the DDA will reflect this Identifying disabled children The questions to identify disabled children mirror those to identify disabled children and are given in Annex B We define children as those under 16 years old and 16 to 18 year olds in full time education As with adults the government estimate of the number of disabled children is based on those with a current disability Based on this the government currently estimates there are 700 000 disabled children in Britain 1 Question 1 currently begins Do you have any long standing illness disability or infirmity 5 Annex A Questions that underlie the government s current official estimate of disability for adults Question Comments Question Wording Number 1 Do you have any long standing physical or mental impairment illness or disability By long standing mean anything that has troubled you over a period of at least 12 months or that is likely to affect you over a period of at least 12 months 1 Yes 2 No 2 Ask if answer to Does this Do these health problem s or disability ies mean that you have substantial Q1 is 1 Yes Show respondent card listing these areas of difficulty difficulties with any of these areas of your life Please read out the numbers from the card next to the ones which apply to you PROBE Which others 1 Mobility
8. moving about 2 Lifting carrying or moving objects 3 Manual dexterity using your hands to carry out everyday tasks 4 Continence bladder and bowel control 5 Communication speech hearing or eyesight 6 Memory or ability to concentrate learn or understand With amendment changing reference to any illness disability or infirmity to physical or mental impairment illness or disability This wording is not currently in the FRS 7 Recognising when you are in physical danger 8 Your physical co ordination eg balance 9 Other health problem or disability 10 None of these Probe and code at this question all substantial difficulties the illness causes the respondent This is important to allow DWP to capture and analyse the extent to which disabilities health problems affect the areas of respondents lives Ask if answer to Q2 is 10 None of these Can just check do you receive medication or treatment without which your health problems when taken together would substantially affect your life in the areas we have been discussing 1 Yes 2 No Ask if answer to Q1 is 2 No or answer to Q3 is 2 No having previously answered Q2 10 None of these Have you ever had a long term physical or mental impairment illness or disability that affected your activities By long term mean lasting for a year or more 1 Yes 2 No Ask if answer to Q
9. s mean that you have substantial difficulties with any of these areas of your life Mobility moving about Lifting carrying or moving objects Manual dexterity using your hands to carry out everyday tasks Continence bladder and bowel control Communication Speech hearing or eyesight Memory or ability to concentrate learn or understand e Recognising when you are in physical danger e Your physical co ordination eg balance e Other health problem or disability e None of these These two questions taken together identify those people with a current disability according to the DDA These questions have been designed and cognitively tested to reflect those likely to be protected under the DDA Based on a slightly different version of these questions the government estimates there are over 10 million disabled people in Britain The ODI is currently working to update the questions used on the FRS for government estimates These are the questions the government uses for its estimates of the number of disabled people However these two questions do not give the full DDA population further questions are needed to get the full DDA population The full set of questions is given at Annex A The government estimate of the number of disabled people is based on the Family Resources Survey which currently does not include the full set of questions However the ODI is looking to the FRS to use the complete and up to date set o
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