Visual Phase Unwrapping (Version: 1.0) User Guide
Contents
1. OG Visual Phase Unwrapping Version 1 0 User Guide Kui Zhang College of Communication Engineering Chongaing University Email zR cqu edu cn Guojie Meng Department of Earthquake Deformation Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration Email mgj cea ies ac cn April 2015 Visual Phase Unwrapping Acknowledgment This work is jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant Nos 41404027 41461164004 the International Science amp Technology Cooperation Program of China Grant No 2105DFR21100 and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Grant No 106112013cdjzr160005 I would like to express my deep gratitude to my doctoral supervisor A Prof Linlin Ge for providing me the opportunity to Ph D program and guiding me into the field of InSAR research I was so lucky to be a part of the College of Communication Engineering Chongqing University I am grateful to the two leaders of the college Prof Xiaoping Zeng and Prof Ling Zhang for providing me a comfortable academic environment I would not have been able to immediately adjust to a new institution without their generous support I am grateful to my students who contribute to the construction of VPU s home website Jun Huang Jiliang Qin Hui Wang Ruxue Guo and Shu Wang I have had the pleasure of working with you guys In particular I owe many thanks to the people listed below2. o O Save mask informalON EE 28 5 1 7 Load mask from another project VV 29 5 2 Integration method selection strostutusisttnosouskrinosk k nere sledene 29 VI Working With Cost s nn 31 U OST TS CANN R 32 EE 1010 6515 0 K P P O E 32 VI RAGNA 33 Visual Phase Unwrapping I INTRODUCTION Visual Phase Unwrapping 1 1 Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Overview Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU is a cross platform C application designed for interferometric synthetic aperture radar InSAR applications It is developed by Dr Kui Zhang and available for Windows and Linux systems The design and development of VPU are based on the developer s long term InSAR data processing experience With the use of VPU users can easily manipulate an InSAR phase unwrapping process VPU can be also used as a good image viewer for representing InSAR data 1 2 Notable features of VPU Cross platform GUI support The GUI of VPU is carefully implemented by using wxWidgets 1 Users can use VPU on both Windows and Linux Synchronized input output data views In VPU the input wrapped data and the output unwrapped data are placed in two scrolled views respectively If the origin or the size of one view is changed the other will be synchronized with it immediately This feature may help users to better observe and evaluate a phase unwrapping result Powerful mask functions VPU allows users to straightforwardly create
3. 4 1 Creating a phase unwrapping project Like most GUI applications a phase unwrapping project has to be created at beginning in VPU To do this 1 Choose Project gt New from the menu bar or click the corresponding button on the tool bar Then a dialog entitled Create a new project will be popped up as follows Project File Path 2 Click the button Choose Set the project file via the OS built in file open dialog as follows Please set the project file path X Computer Dev D VPUTest v 4 Search VPUTest Organize v New folder Name Date modified Type Yr Favorites E Desktop a Downloads T Recent Places No items match your search Ai Libraries Ei Documents ad Music Pictures f Videos 2 Homegroup M Computer ZZ Local Disk C 7 File name v Save as type VPU files vpu v Hide Folders a 3 Click the button Save Then click the button Next on the dialog Create a new project ce oem pe Project File Path D VPUTest test vpu Page 17 TJ Visual Phase Unwrapping 4 Subsequently VPU will ask users to set corresponding parameters for the project via a dialog listed below Project test s poramete o INPUT MANDATORY Wrapped Phase Data Data Format Null Value Byte Order Num Rows Mum Cols Complex Float 32768 Little Endian r INPUT OPTIONAL Weighting Infor
4. FEN EEE 2 ee ARR EE EN ee 2 pk MOAN 9 1 1 Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Overview 6 1 2 Notable features of VPU se ivcaceaceucstecehsaacestuuebtiduehoantuadeunatisdehsonsadstucbliddeboaadesteuneliidebsnadadsvenidleboandtec 6 ETE A LICENSE a ae es un 8 ZN PRCA TIC FOS UC I O O nt 9 72 NE P ee ene et ne me eee 9 2o CODON PROP ee eee ee O O eee 9 l OCODE se sg 0 a ee ee 10 25 DISCLAIMER OF VRI a a a she a 10 le Gem SEN 11 adle SOA EEE 12 3 1 1 Supported operating systems rwsrrrvrrvrnnrnnrrn verre vever nrnnrrnrer nn 12 3 1 2 Recommended minimum hardware for better performance 12 TAPIR 12 GE Stalling VPUON BA ma n ni 13 2 OVEN O a EE te ae rt E 13 dale Mah Nend E EE 13 3 2 2 Looking at the key operations c ccccsssssssssssssesssesseeseeseesseserseeseessessesseeseeseesarsensarsas 15 IV Basic Phase Unwrapping Procedure ss 16 4 1 Creating a phase unwrapping project 17 4 2 Opening an existed project in 21 43 ENN parameters a en 21 4 4 Executing phase unwrapping in 21 4 5 About the progress dialog ere er ee 22 46 ETT 23 V Working with Mask nn 24 5 4 Mask O0 SEE L PK O hk 25 Visual Phase Unwrapping ES 9 1 1 Enable the mask tool panel 25 S12 S PPONEd Shape EE on 26 O l 3 PEDE DEE OR ne eee eee ee 27 EE gt ee 00 ZE sasien rou E E 28 5 1 5 Undo Redo mask operations c cccccccsscscsssssrssressssssssscsecsesseseesseseessascaecaesansanseneenses 28
5. vol 49 no 10 pp 4048 4061 October 2011 4 LEMMON home website http lemon cs elte hu trac lemon Page 34
6. of filled unfilled shape 1 Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version Page 27 Z Visual Phase Unwrapping 5 1 4 Selecting point size VPU allows users to draw a shape with different point size To set it please click the button located on the right bottom of the mask tool panel A point size menu will be popped up subsequently Users can select their preferred size from this menu as shown below m Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 1 0 Eo Project View Mask Unwrapping Help Unwrapped Phase 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 o Not available at this stage 5 1 5 Undo Redo mask operations If you make a mistake editing a mask you can undo the mistake by clicking the button or directly using the keyboard short cut Ctrl Z Likewise if you undid a step and then realized you should have kept that step you can redo the step by clicking the button or directly using the keyboard short cut Ctrl Y 5 1 6 Save mask information In VPU the mask information will be automatically saved to hard disk when the phase unwrapped process is started You can also save it Page 28 Visual Phase Unwrapping during the mask editing by clicking the button 1E J SE Note The extension of a VPU project file and its corresponding mask file is vpu and vpum The file name of stored mask information without extension is same as the project file 5 1 7 Lo
7. phase unwrapping masks on both wrapped data view and unwrapped data view with the use of supported shapes Vectorized mask information can be rapidly stored and loaded Different integration strategy available The introduction of masks may lead to input data being separated into isolated areas VPU will define an isolated phase unwrapping problem for each area There are two integration strategies available in VPU The first one is only carried out on the largest sub area The second one will integrate all isolated areas In this case users can obtain an independent phase unwrapping result on each sub area Various built in color maps support VPU provides several color Page 6 Visual Phase Unwrapping maps for InSAR data display which enables input output data to be illustrated better in different situations Big endian data support Users can load process and store both little endian and big endian data in VPU SE Note The kernel phase unwrapping algorithm currently used in VPU is an extended version of the minimum cost flow MCF algorithm proposed by M Costantini For more detail about the MCF algorithm users can refer to the articles 2 and 3 The MCF solver follows the implementation in LEMON 4 Visual Phase Unwrapping Il SOFTWARE LICENSE Visual Phase Unwrapping Please read the following terms and conditions carefully before using this software Use of Visual Phase Unwrappi
8. ABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE Page 10 Visual Phase Unwrapping NI GETTING STARTED Page 11 Visual Phase Unwrapping 3 1 Installing VPU 3 1 1 Supported operating systems Microsoft Windows XP Professional Edition 64 bit Windows Vista Home Basic Home Premium Business Ultimate or Enterprise 64 bit Windows 7 8 64 bit Common used 64 bit Linux systems with GTK glibc gt 2 15 Vi SE Note As mentioned previously the key phase unwrapping algorithm of VPU is based on the MCF method When input data is relatively large a great deal of memory is required to construct the corresponding phase unwrapping network Therefore only the 64 bit version of VPU is provided although it is very easy to generate a 32 bit version using VPU s source code 3 1 2 Recommended minimum hardware for better performance Intel Core i5 or faster processors 8GB RAM or greater 1024x768 screen resolution or higher 3 1 3 Installing VPU on Windows It is very straightforward to install VPU on Windows Users only need to download the installation package vpu_win64_ _setup exe from VPU Ss home website and execute it for a setup process After the installation users can directly click the file VPU exe to open the software Page 12 KZ Visual Phase Unw
9. Without their constant encouragement and constructive suggestions it would be difficult for me to devote myself to InSAR research after I went back to China Prof Guoxiang Liu Department of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Prof Qiang Chen Department of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Prof Hua Wang Department of Surveying Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Prof Huayang Dai College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining amp Technology Beijing Page 1 KZ Visual Phase Unwrapping Abbreviations and Symbols Abbreviations The following abbreviations will be used frequently in this guide VPU Visual Phase Unwrapping GUI Graphic User Interface InSAR Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar MCF Minimum Cost Flow Symbols This guide uses the following symbols and conventions O va X Caution z Caution This indicates important notices and restrictions for using this software A Note z Note This indicates supplementary explanations and useful tips about software operations AS Reference Reference This indicates page s relevant to a particular function P xx is used to refer you to pages in this guide Visual Phase Unwrapping EEE TABLE OF CONTENTS PREKONAN EEE 1 Abbreviations and Symbols M 2
10. ad mask from another project In real applications several interferograms referenced to a same master image are required to be analyzed Users may want them to be unwrapped by using same mask information In view of this VPU allows users to load mask information from another VPU phase unwrapping project To do this please choose Mask gt Load Mask from Another Project from the menu bar 5 2 Integration method selection Due to the presence of mask an interferogram might be separated into several isolated areas VPU will ask users to select an integration method before a phase unwrapping process Common MCF method execution confirmation EC Please select the integration method for the unwrapping process Integrate all isolated areas Integrate the largest area only EE OO JA EG There are two integration methods in VPU They are Integrate the largest areas only If this method is selected the phase unwrapping result will only contain the largest area as the Page 29 example shown below KZ Visual Phase Unwrapping LE Visual Phase Unwrapping PI J Version 1 0 Project View Mask Unwrapping Help EE AES LEE NE d 2 1 Wrapped Phase Unwrapped Phase LA 4 lt m Integrate all isolated areas If this method is selected the unwrapped phase of each isolated area will be included in the final result Note that the result of each area is
11. bar Next VPU will ask users to select the integration method for the unwrapping process When VPU completes this process the resulting Page 21 GT Visual Phase Unwrapping unwrapped phase will be displayed on the corresponding view amp Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 10 Gm x Project View Mask Unwrapping Help Wrapped Phase Unwrapped Phase SZ Reference For more detail about integration method selection please refer to Section 5 2 Integration method selection P 29 P 30 4 5 About the progress dialog During the execution of the phase unwrapping algorithm a progress dialog will be popped up as shown below Optimizing Time Elapsed 00 00 01 Force the program to exit MCF method has non linear time complexity When the input data contains a large number of residues a phase unwrapping process may not be completed within a reasonable time There is a button named Force the program to exit on the process dialog Users can stop a Page 22 Visual Phase Unwrapping phase unwrapping process by clicking this button 4 6 Histogram adjustment To better observe and evaluate a phase unwrapping result VPU allows users to adjust the histogram of the output unwrapped phase To do this please click the button EN above the unwrapped phase view After this button being clicked the histogram of the output unwrapped phase will be shown in a dialog as shown b
12. elow Users can adjust it by directly dragging the two red lines shown on this window Histogram Adjustment fi M 25 Histogram Adjustment E M o oo W vs M CANCEL After the adjustment the unwrapped phase view will be automatically updated E Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 1 0 REMEN x Project View Mask Unwrapping Help BL AB A8 ASIA B Wrapped Phase Page 23 Visual Phase Unwrapping V WORKING WITH MASK Page 24 TJ Visual Phase Unwrapping In real InSAR applications the observed interferometric phase signal might be saturated e g monitoring coseismic deformation field over both sides of a seismic fault or mapping topographic elevation over steep areas Where this is the case an unreasonable phase unwrapping solution might be obtained as the example shown below m Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 10 i me EEE x Project View Mask Unwrapping Help Wrapped Phase Unwrapped Phase Such a problem could be avoided by introducing masks VPU allows users to directly editing masks on both wrapped phase view and unwrapped phase view The procedure of mask editing is simple and similar to painting operations in common used image editing softwares e g the built in MS Paint software in windows 5 1 Mask tools 5 1 1 Enable the mask tool panel By default the mask tool panel is disabled as the
13. figure shown below To enable it please tick Mask gt Edit Mask from the menu bar or click the corresponding button located in the left of the panel Page 25 Visual Phase Unwrapping After the panel being enabled its status will be changed Vi A Note To start a phase unwrapping process the mask tool panel has to be disabled first To do this please untick Mask gt Edit Mask from the menu bar or click the corresponding button on the tool bar again 5 1 2 Supported shapes After the mask tool panel being enabled users can directly draw masks on both wrapped phase view and unwrapped phase view There are 5 kinds of shapes supported by VPU They are Button Name Description a Pencil Draw freeform lines by dragging the cursor 4 Lines Draw arbitrary poly lines It can be canceled by right clicking the mouse Draw arbitrary polygons with three or more gt Polygon vertices It can be canceled by right clicking the mouse ny Rectangle Draw a square by dragging the cursor a Ellipse Draw an ellipse by dragging the cursor SA SE Note VPU also provides an eraser tool to wipe away the excess paint Users can enable disable this mode by clicking the button 6 2 T Visual Phase Unwrapping 5 1 3 Enable Disable fill Users can enable disable VPU to fill enclosed shapes To do this please click the corresponding button PA gt on the mask tool panel The following figures present an example
14. hase View Output Displays the resulting unwrapped phase and corresponding masks Page 14 Z Visual Phase Unwrapping 3 2 2 Looking at the key operations To running with VPU quickly it s useful to understand some of key operations you ll need to do the basics like creating a project enabling mask editing and executing phase unwrapping Menu bar Command Project gt New Project gt Open Project gt Parameters View gt Fit View gt Zoom In View gt Zoom Out Mask gt Edit Unwrapping gt Execute Help gt VPU Home Help gt VPU Guide Help gt About VPU Tool bar D NBBBENB I gt none Operation description Create a new project for phase unwrapping Open an old phase unwrapping project Edit the parameters of the current project Fit data to two views Zoom in two views Zoom out two views Enable VPU to edit mask areas for phase unwrapping Unwrap the input data using the minimum cost flow method Go to VPU home website to check software update Learn how to use Visual Phase Unwrapping Display the information about VPU and the software license Page 15 Visual Phase Unwrapping IV BASIC PHASE UNWRAPPING PROCEDURE Page 16 Z Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU makes phase unwrapping procedures as simple and streamlined as possible For a basic phase unwrapping procedure there is nothing to learn and nothing to remember
15. independent to each other 17 Visual Phase Unwrapping PU ion 1 0 Project View Mask Unwrapping Help a e Unwrapped Phase rad Page 30 Visual Phase Unwrapping VI WORKING WITH COST Page 31 Visual Phase Unwrapping 6 1 Cost rescaling As mentioned previously VPU supports four data formats Int16 Int32 Float and Double for input cost files However for the purpose of improving calculation efficiency VPU will rescale every cost value to an integer between 1 and 20 6 2 Suggestion If unsuitable cost information is used in a MCF phase unwrapping process the accuracy of the resulting unwrapped phase might be severely decreased If the cost data is not set VPU will apply an equal cost plan to the MCF network In most cases this plan can meet the requirement of a phase unwrapping application It would better not to use cost if you are not familiar with the principle of phase unwrapping Page 32 Visual Phase Unwrapping sss ii Page 33 Visual Phase Unwrapping 1 wxWidgets home website http www wxwidgets org 2 M Costantini A novel phase unwrapping method based on network programming IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing vol 36 no 3 pp 813 821 May 1998 3 K Zhang L Ge Z Hu A H Ng X Li and C Rizos Phase Unwrapping for Very Large Interferometric Data Sets IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
16. m Project View Mask Unwrapping Help 2 ED EA i i S vi a fe i 14 a A 21 o SEN ant a ERY ae cd gt y Wrapped Phase Unwrapped Phase Not available at this stage Open an old phase unwrapping project Page 20 GT Visual Phase Unwrapping 4 2 Opening an existed project VPU allows users to load an existed project into the current workspace To do this just choose Project gt Open from the menu bar or click the corresponding button on the tool bar gt Note To open an exited project the project which has been already opened in the workspace has to be closed A confirmation dialog will be popped up Users have to click the button Yes to confirm this operation VPU Information SM To open another project the current project has to be closed first WP Do you want to do so 4 3 Edit project parameters To change current projec s parameters users can choose Project gt Parameters from the menu bar or click the corresponding button on the tool bar After this operation the parameter dialog will be popped up gt lt Reference For more detail about dealing with the parameter dialog please refer to Section 4 1 Creating a phase unwrapping project P 17 P 20 4 4 Executing phase unwrapping After the creation of a project a phase unwrapping process can be directly carried out by choosing Unwrapping gt Execute from the menu
17. mation Data Data Format Null Value Byte Order Num Rows Wurm Cols OUTPUT Unwrapped Phase Data Data Format Null Value Byte Order NumRows Mum Cols The required parameters are The path of the wrapped phase data This is a mandatory input parameter It can be set by clicking the corresponding button Choose The data format of the wrapped phase data Users can choose it by clicking the corresponding data format list box Supported format Complex Float 8 Bytes Complex Double 16 Bytes The dimension of the input output data Users can set it by filling the two enabled edit controls under the text Num Rows and Num Cols The path of the weighting information data This is an optional input parameter It can be set by clicking the corresponding button Choose The data format of the weighting information data Users can Page 18 Visual Phase Unwrapping choose it by clicking the corresponding data format list box Supported format Float 4 Bytes Double 8 Bytes Int16 2 Bytes Int32 4 Bytes The path of the unwrapped phase data It can be set by clicking the corresponding button Choose The data format of the unwrapped phase data Users can choose it by clicking the corresponding data format list box Supported format Double 8 Bytes Float 4 Bytes Null Value for each data The default value is 32768 for each data Users can directly change it in the c
18. ng SOFTWARE indicates you accept the terms of this license agreement and warranty This license describes the conditions under which you may use the SOFTWARE If you are unable or unwilling to accept these conditions in full then notwithstanding the conditions in the remainder of this license you may not use the program at all 2 1 Academic research The AUTHOR issues no cost Academic Licenses for Academic Research use in order to foster and support InSAR academic research Academic Research means not for profit research performed at the Licensee s facilities that does not benefit a commercial entity and that is not subject to consulting or licensing obligations or other grant of rights to any commercial entity The author expects research discoveries made under this agreement to be released into the public domain Other uses are subject to Section 4 SCOPE OF LICENSE GRANT 2 2 Grant of license Subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement the AUTHOR grants to the Licensee a nonexclusive nontransferable license to Use any software product SOFTWARE Use means internal end use by the Licensee at its research facilities for purely non commercial academic research Please acknowledge the use of the Visual Phase Unwrapping Software that results in any published work including scientific papers films and videotapes This is a license agreement and not an agreement for sale All rights not specifically granted are reser
19. orresponding edit control The byte order of each data The default byte order for storing or loading each data is little endian Users can change it to big endian by clicking the corresponding byte order list box 5 Click the button OK The creation of the project is completed Project test s parameters EN gt INPUT MANDATORY Wrapped Phase Data D VPUTest wrap bin Data Format Null Value Byte Order Num Cols Complex Float 32768 Little Endian 2 1200 INPUT OPTIONAL Weighting Information Data Choose Data Format Null Value Byte Order Num Cols Int16 v 32768 Little Endian 1200 OUTPUT Unwrapped Phase Data DAVPUTestiunwrap bin Data Format Null Value Byte Order NumRows Wurm Cols Double 32768 Laila neon 1200 1200 6 Finally the input wrapped phase and the output unwrapped phase if exists will be loaded and displayed on the corresponding views Page 19 KZ Visual Phase Unwrapping Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 1 0 et Project View Mask Unwrapping Help Unwrapped Phase Not available at this stage There are four kinds of color maps available for displaying input output data In order to display mask areas more clearly the default color map for the wrapped phase is light rainbow Users can change it by directly clicking the color bar list box above each view amp Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 1 0 am gt
20. rapping 3 1 4 Installing VPU on Linux The installation method on Linux will be described when the Linux version VPU is released It is undergoing final test and will be released before July 2015 3 2 GUI overview 3 2 1 Main interface g VPU Version 1 0 Menu Bar ping nep SS SU roj Bar A BA A son i j oo Wrapped Phase m 1 Z Wrapped Phase View Input Unwrapped Phase View Output Status Bar The main interface of VPU On Windows 7 Page 13 Visual Phase Unwrapping Visual Phase Unwrapping VPU Version 1 Project View Mask Unwrapping Help EB Z m Tool Bar Wrapped Phase Unwrapped Phase Wrapped Phase View Input Unwrapped Phase View Output Not available at this stage Not available at this stage Status Bar The main interface of VPU On Linux Ubuntu After you open VPU the main interface of the software will be popped up as shown by the above figures VPU likes most document viewing applications There s a menu and toolbars along the top a status bar along the bottom and two views to display input output data and masks Menu Bar Gives you access to all the commands in VPU Tool Bar Gives you quick access to the tools you will use regularly Status Bar Displays information about the menu bar or tool bar items Wrapped Phase View Input Displays the input wrapped phase and corresponding masks Unwrapped P
21. ved to the AUTHOR 2 3 Copyright All copyrights to SOFTWARE are owned by the AUTHOR Your license confers no title or ownership of the SOFTWARE and should not be Page 9 Visual Phase Unwrapping construed as a sale of any right in the SOFTWARE The AUTHOR shall retain title and all ownership rights to the SOFTWARE You are not permitted to distribute the software for profit 2 4 cope of license grant Licensee may download and install the Software and use the Software on computers at their research facilities Licensee cannot modify translate reverse engineer decompile disassemble the software or create derivative works based on the Software rent lease grant a security interest in or otherwise distribute or transfer rights to the Software or remove any proprietary notices or labels on the Software 2 5 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LI
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