S1-5010 Diagnostic Insulation Tester User Guide
Contents
1. o s 8 as OD GB EA Voltage setting A y a Right Hand Cursor keys Press to select and highlight the required voltage before commencing test oO 09 0 O o 0 Oo O08 O D OO D VARI position Gives the option to i Select a non standard voltage between 25 V and 5000 V before commencing test ii Continuously vary the voltage in 25 V steps during a test Test duration Test Button Backlight key Press to i Switch backlight On or Off ii Initiate the On screen display above the key Setting Up Procedures The S1 5010 can be powered by e Internal rechargeable battery which provides at least 8 hours of testing e Mains input of 95 volts to 280 volts 50 60 Hz e 12 15 Volts d c or a c General The S1 5010 is fitted with a 12 volt 7 Amp hour sealed lead acid battery The maintenance free battery will last for at least 5 years if kept charged and not subjected to prolonged high temperatures Occasional exposure to 50 C will do little harm but a continuous temperature gt 40 may cause irreparable damage It is advisable to fully charge the battery before the instrument is put into service for the first time Charging is carried out by external a c mains supply or by 12 V d c or a c supply To fully recharge the battery after 8 hours of use takes about 16 hours The battery capacity display symbol indicates the state of charge Mains supply re charging The2. 1 5010 Diagnostic Insulation Tester User Guide AN SAFETY WARNINGS e Safety Warnings and Testing Precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used They must be observed during use e The circuit under test must be switched off de energised and isolated before test connections are made e The test terminal panel and side recess panel must be kept in a dry clean condition e Circuits must be discharged before disconnecting the test leads Capacitive loads can be lethal See Testing Precautions e Circuit connections must not be touched during a test e In certain circumstances break down of the circuit under test may cause the instrument to terminate the test in an uncontrolled manner possibly causing a loss of display and warning indications while the circuit remains energised In this event it is important that the circuit is discharged and the instrument is turned off before touching any connections e Replacement fuses must be of the correct type and rating e The instrument should not be used if any part of it is damaged e Refer to Testing Precautions for further explanations and precautions NOTE THE INSTRUMENT MUST ONLY BE USED BY SUITABLY TRAINED AND COMPETENT PERSONS Symbols used on the instrument A Caution Refer to accompanying notes N Risk of electric shock C Equipment complies with relevant EU Directives o Equipment protected throughout by Double Insulation C
3. Resistance in MQ in scientific notation eg 2 94E 05 2 94 x 10 MQ 294 GQ eg 5 58E 04 5 58 x 10 MQ 558 GQ Real Time Download Display example Type of Test Insulation Resistance Step Voltage Polarization Index Dielectric Discharge Selected test voltage Reading Frequency IR DD amp Pl Reading 1 4 Every 15 seconds Reading 5 13 Every minutes Reading 14 17 Every 5 minutes Test Type DIR Start Date 12917998 start Time 16 57 Test Voltage Resistance 1 Resistance 2 Resistance 3 Resistance 4 Resistance 5 Resistance amp Resistance 7 Resistance Resistance 9 Resistance 10 Resistance 11 Resistance 12 Resistance 13 Resistance 14 Resistance 15 Resistance 16 Resistance 17 Resistance 18 Resistance 19 Resistance 20 How ended Final Resistance 36 7 Final otage z546 Duration Capacitance Pl T1 21 5010 V1 0K TEST NUMBER 1 STARTED AT 1311 TEST SET Y SET TIME RE D D SOO O74 00 Reading 18 20 Not used Reading Frequency SV only Every 15 secs How test endedVierge Blank Timed out Manually stopped Excess interference j Breakdown Low Battery Fuse ruptured Test number designated by start date Test times T1 amp T2 Not applicalble if applicable SV Test IR DD amp PI Test Batch Download Display examples m eee eee 25 Test Voltages Test Voltage accuracy Test current
4. Setup code must then be entered by anyone wishing to access the Setup screens 1 ore a D gt 8 9 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE E key T The SETUP screen is displayed Press the NEXT E key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP SECURITY CODE Press the CHANGE E key to set the code to ON or OFF If an exisiting code is to be changed set the code to OFF exit the screen return back to the screen and then set the code back to ON Press the END amp key to exit back to the Menu screen Highlight SETUP and press the CHANGE B key The ENTER THE SECURITY CODE screen is displayed Enter and remember the new 3 digit security code using the B and NEXT keys Press the END G key to return back to the Menu screen Note Persons with access to the Setup mode will also be able to access and control the Power On code Set Reset Date Format Date format can be selected as DD MM YY YY MM DD MM DD YY Note that changes to the Date format will only be shown in subsequent test data 1 oo IY 6 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is disp
5. 250 kQ Maximum additional error 5 at 100 MQ 95 280 Va c 12 15 V a c or d c 15 seconds to 90 minutes Internal rechargeable 12 V 7 Ah lead acid At least 8 hours from a fully charged battery Backlit dot matrix LCD 256 x 128 pixels Bargraph style level indicator Conforms to IEC 61010 1 Voltmeter rated for use on 300 V phase to earth systems Category Ill IP54 with side recess panel closed In accordance with IEC61326 1 Refer to www megger com Measured current gt 100 nA 0 2 C Measured voltage 0 1 C Operating 20 C to 50 C Storage 25 C to 65 C 2000 m 90 RH non condensing at 40 C 9 kg 327 mm x 316 mm x 196 mm 60 mm pouch Wipe disconnected instrument with a clean cloth dampened with soapy water or Isopropyl alcohol IPA Accessories Supplied with the instrument User Guide High Voltage test lead 3m long 3 supplied RS232 communication lead PC download software Test record cards x 5 Accessory pouch Optional Fused Test Lead Set 8m HV Test Lead set 15m HV Test Lead set Shielded test lead set 12 V d c automotive charging lead Remote control Download Windows software S1 S1 5 kV Calibration Box CB101 Test Record Card Pack of 20 Publications A Stitch in Time Part Number 6172 283 8101 181 25955 025 6220 594 6172 112 6420 116 6320 240 8101 182 8101 183 6311 080 6231 584 6220 644 6311 077 6111 217 AVTM21 P8B 2 Repair and War
6. 5 minutes taking successive measurements until the final voltage value is reached 5052 42 4MQ 05 00 5000V 42 4MQ 4000v 44 9MQ 0 01 pF 3000V 48 3MQ 2000V 58 8 MQ 1000V 69 7 MQ H5OOOVSTEPVOLTAGETEST STEP VWOLTAGETEST C0 E Example of Step Voltage Testing display Fault Conditioning Burn For a normal Insulation resistance test when a Burn test is not initiated the voltage will be turned Off after a breakdown This reduces the possibility of unintentional damage to the insulation by carbon tracking or by arcing Burn test mode disables the breakdown detector and allows the Insulation resistance test voltage to be continued until it causes burning and insulation breakdown at a weak point of the circuit If a Burn test is initiated the instrument will maintain the high voltage even after a breakdown is caused enabling the location of the failure to be seen or heard 19 Data Retrieve Results are automatically stored when a test runs for more than one minute Tests are identified by date and test number At each date change test numbering restarts at 1 The time of the test 24 hour clock format is also stored A maximum of 75 tests can be stored Attempting to store more than 75 tests will cause the oldest test results to be erased A warning message will appear before test results are automatically erased Display Stored Test results From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor st keys
7. advice on the best course of action to take Returning Instrument for Repair lf returning an instrument to the manufacturer for repair it should be sent freight pre paid to the appropriate address A copy of the Invoice and of the packing note should be sent simultaneously by airmail to expedite clearance through Customs A repair estimate showing freight return and other charges will be submitted to the sender if required before work on the instrument commences 28 Notes 29 Notes 30 Archcliffe Road Dover Kent CT17 9EN England T 0 1 304 502101 F 0 1 304 207342 UNITED STATES PO Box 9007 Valley Forge PA 19484 9007 USA T 1 610 676 8500 F 1610 676 8610 UNITED STATES 4271 Bronze Way Dallas Texas 75237 1017 USA T 1 800 723 2861 T 1 214 330 3203 F 1 214 337 3038 Megger SARL Z A Du Buisson de la Couldre 23 rue Eug ne Henaff 78190 TRAPPES France T 33 0 1 30 16 08 90 F 33 0 1 34 61 23 77 This instrument is manufactured in the United Kingdom The company reserves the right to change the specification or design without prior notice Megger is a registered trademark Part No 6172 283 V05 Printed in England 1108 www megger com
8. and hold the red button for at least five seconds Two bleeps are sounded To warn that a test is in progress BURN is displayed alternating with 444 symbols The test terminal indicator light flashes 6 Test progression is shown by a Bargraph Using the left hand cursor keys a Results or Graph result screen can be selected either during or after a test Break down of the circuit and the related noise interference may cause the instrument terminate the operation possibly causing a loss of display while the circuit remains energised In this event it is important that the circuit is discharged before touching any connections If necessary switch the instrument off and then on again to reset the display 7 To stop the test at any time press the red test button DISCHARGING is displayed until the circuit is in a safe condition 8 To return to the menu display press the Menu amp key 9 If required Setup the test button to the NOT LOCKED position Remote operation A software package 1 S1 is available for controlling the S1 5010 directly from a PC You may also automatically define certain test sequences See Accessories 16 Test Mode Summary Insulation Resistance Testing This test mode measures insulation resistance continuously at the selected voltage The test is applied for a short but specific duration immediately after which a reading is taken Test duration is typically 30 or 60 seconds an
9. application of a mains supply of 95 265 V a c 50 60 Hz powers the instrument and charges the battery The S1 5010 will operate on a supply as low as 90 volts but this will not fully charge the battery Charging is automatic as soon as the mains supply is connected to the IEC 320 connector in the side recess panel Confirm that the red indicator lamp is illuminated 12 V supply re charging The application of an external 12 15 volt d c or a c supply powers the instrument and charges the battery at the same rate of charge as the mains input It is possible to connect both mains and a 12 volt input simultaneously but this will not charge the battery any faster The socket accepts 12 15 volt d c any polarity connection or 12 15 volt a c A charging lead fitted with an automotive cigar lighter plug for charging the battery from a vehicle is available See Accessories Charging is automatic as soon as the 12 V supply is connected to the 12 V DIN socket Confirm that the red indicator lamp is illuminated Leave unconnected Connection Connection 12 V DIN socket Caution Applying more than 15 V to this socket may overcharge the battery Battery Charging Notes Do not leave battery in a totally discharged state Frequent charging to keep the battery topped up will maximise battery life When charging the battery indoors the area should be well ventilated The battery should only be charged at temperatures i
10. repairs lost production lost profits and in human terms from lives saved in the event of dangerous electrical faults Regular insulation testing of electrical equipment can help to detect deteriorating insulation The effects which cause insulation to deteriorate include mechanical damage vibration excessive heat or cold dirt oil moisture and localized voltage stresses all of which can arise on most industrial or utility equipment Insulation tests are sometimes used in isolation as absolute measures of the quality of the insulation This is most appropriate when equipment is being installed and checked for compliance with a specified Pass level For operational equipment the key factors are trends in the insulation readings It is therefore important that records of insulation readings are kept relating to each piece of equipment or Asset in your testing regime Megger supplies test record cards to assist with such record keeping and now with the 1 5010 the results can be downloaded directly to a computer There are also a number of influences on the insulation readings temperature humidity and surface leakage for example and a range of test techniques have been developed to help with the interpretation of your insulation tests Megger INSULATION TEST RECORD Equipment Ne Rating Location Date Installed co c 5 E Ch Si 1 r a ia peri Example Test Record card 21 Applicatio
11. 7i To Guard Terminal To ve Terminal lli The guard terminal is at the same potential as the negative terminal Since the leakage resistance iseffectively in parallel with the resistance to be measured the use of the guard causes the current flowing through surface leakage to be diverted from the measuring circuit The instrument therefore reads the leakage of the insulator ignoring leakage across its surface Measurements above 100 G Measurements up to 100 GQ can be made without any special precautions assuming that the test leads are reasonably clean and dry The guard lead can be used to remove the effects of surface leakage if necessary The S1 5010 is capable of measuring up to 5 TQ and down to 0 01 nA equivalent to 500 TQ at 5000 V When measuring resistances this high the test leads should not be allowed to touch each other or any other object since this will introduce leakage paths Sharp points at the test lead connections should also be avoided since this will encourage corona discharge 2 5 KV PELVEUELTVIPUIPTIAT TTP GROUND The drawing shows the stresses and subsequent leakages which will occur between the test leads if neither is connected to earth ground These leakages have significant effect and occur through the air itself The following drawing shows the effect of connecting the guard lead to the ground This reduces the stray leakage into the negative measurement input terminal considerably but this te
12. Reset Locking Test button The red Test button defaults to locking when pushed for more than 1 second The button can be set to Locked or Unlocked 1 Oo RwWD From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is displayed Press the NEXT E key Press the NEXT key again Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight TEST BUTTON Press the Change key to select LOCKING or NOT LOCKING as required Note If NOT LOCKING is selected Fault Conditioning BURN mode is not available f 8 12 Press the OK B key Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen Operation A Testing Precautions A The circuit under test must be completely de energized and isolated before test connections are made e The 1 5010 can generate up to 5 mA at 5000 V Circuit connections must not be touched when testing e When turned On voltage in excess of 5 volts across the and terminals will be indicated on the display e The voltage indicator and automatic discharge features of the S1 5010 should be regarded as additional safety features and not a substitute for normal safe working practice e When carrying out prolonged unattended tests care should be taken ensure that harm or damage Cannot be caused e When using the BURN feature care mus
13. SETUP screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select the test identified as OFF to be enabled Press the CHANGE amp key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed Press the SIMPLE B or the ENHANCED E key as required The TEST RANGES screen is displayed 6 Use the left hand cursor keys to individually select and highlight any voltage ranges to be switched Off or On Press the ON amp or OFF key as appropriate 7 On completion press the END amp key to return tothe SETUP screen 8 Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen Alternatively a test can be enabled by individually setting at least one test voltage to ON oe a E geneesepennnnnnenunnnennnennnEnEEn H i Y INSULATION BAANT Jiii SETUP MODE RESISTANCE 14 88 POLARIZATION 7500 EX Ti i ara STEP 100 DOTEST VOLTAGE WERT TEST 4 18 STORED 500v HETRIEWE SETUP VARI FO0OW J CHANGE 1 SIMPLE ER HANEED DISABLE SETUP MODE i ENHANCED Genov 28004 1 i DD TEST RANGES Pl ERHAGGEO SOOO 2400Y TOO KORV SORIN T SW ENHANCED S000V 25004 2500 V i000 Sow VARIABLE OFF COO iff soeoy 25000 itoy SUAN TESTS STORED 12 griaa 14 24 CHAHEE HENT Example showing the enabling of a DD Test Delete Stored Test results 1 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP 2 Press the CHANGE E key t The SETUP scre
14. V SOOV suseneesanees Coy SIMPLE SO00W 25004 DO SIMPLE jo00 7500y 1000Y S00 TESTS STORED 5 gari il 08 38 CHANGE HENT 2500 W OW Pritt rrr a H l Setting Up Procedures Example showing the setup of an enhanced SV Test Setup PI Test 1 2 3 11 12 13 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight PI Press the CHANGE B key The PI TEST SETUP screen is displayed Press the PI TEST TIMES amp key The PI TEST TIMES screen is displayed Press the NEXT B key to highlight and select the First Value the Second Value or the Stop Time as required Using the et keys adjust the timing as required Press the OK amp key to return to the PI TEST SETUP screen Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight PI Press the CHANGE Gikey The PI TEST SETUP screen is displayed Press the SET PI TEST amp key The PI TEST SETUP MODE screen is displayed Press the SIMPLE amp or the ENHANCED key as required TEST RANGES screen is displayed Note selecting the DISABLE amp key will disable and remove the IP test from the Menu screen See Disable the Test Use the left hand cursor keys to individually select and hi
15. alibration is successful these numbers which will be approximately 1 00 will disappear immediately so that the instrument is ready for use Successful completion of the calibration check indicates that two of the measuring ranges are working correctly when measuring the equivalent of about 200 MQ If these two ranges are working it is most probable that the other range is also working To be sure that the third range is working run an insulation test with the test leads disconnected There is an accurate internal leakage current of 5 nA which is always added to the current entering the negative terminal This current is subtracted later during the calculations With the terminals open circuit the instrument is effectively measuring 5 nA and if it measures this correctly will get a result of O nA 0 2 nA Visually checking this reading confirms that the third range is working correctly To achieve reliable resistance readings it is also necessary for the terminal voltage to be measured correctly To quickly check the internal voltmeter run an insulation test with the terminals open circuit at various voltages e g 500 V 1000 V 2500 V and 5000 V The voltage generated is specified to be accurate to 5 but in practice it is usually better than this and about 1 higher than the nominal voltage Since the voltmeter circuit is independent to the voltage generator visually checking the actual voltage reading gives a good degree of confidence that th
16. ation tester for all types of electrical equipment offering measurement capability up to several T The instrument performs automatic tests enabling consistent operation without operator input stores results and can be operated from a PC Flexible power supply options and robust portable construction allow the instrument to be used in a wide variety of applications It is particularly suitable for analyzing the insulation of large machines HV generators and cables When turned On voltage in excess of 50 volts across the and terminals will be indicated on the display together with the flashing HY symbols Switchable filtering allows stable readings to made when in the presence of high levels of 50 Hz or 60 Hz interference Polarization Index and Dielectric Discharge tests are performed automatically and test duration and voltages can be adjusted according to user preference for these tests A Step Voltage test can also be performed automatically with a voltage of 2500 V or 5000 V and a fixed test duration of 5 minutes It is also possible to restrict operation to user defined voltages to disable the graph plotting or to disable certain types of tests This is all done using the Setup screen The settings can be security code protected It is also possible to set a general security code to prevent unauthorized use of the instrument The 31 5010 can be powered from the main supply or by the its own internal rechargeable battery which
17. average The displayed value will move to the most recently acquired result e g If FILT 3 is in operation and the filter amp key is pressed once to select the FILT 30 the most recent unfiltered result is displayed This will be followed by the average of two results three results four results etc until it showing the average of the last 30 results Note that averaging is performed on measured current not calculated resistance This is the best way to reject incoming a c interference but it can produce some unusual settling characteristics when observing resistance measurements 15 Operation Fault Conditioning Burn BURN disables the normal breakdown detection and enables the Insulation test voltage to continue even after breakdown at any weak point of the circuit insulation This will enable the location of the failure to be seen or heard Note The Test Button must be be set to LOCKED position to use the BURN mode A Care must be taken that no unintentional harm or damage can be caused 1 Setup the Test Button to the LOCKED position See Set Reset Locking Test button 2 From the Menu screen select INSULATION RESISTANCE using the left hand cursor keys 3 Use the right hand cursor keys to select and highlight the time indicator Press the CHANGE E key followed by the keys to set the required time 4 Set the required Test Voltage with the right hand cursor keys 5 Press
18. before it is stopped automatically Maximum test duration is 90 minutes Accept the default test time or use the right hand cursor keys to select and highlight the time indicator Press the E CHANGE key followed by the keys to set the required time The required Test Voltage is selected with the right hand cursor keys For specific types of test pre determined default voltages are set For instance the Step Voltage test only offers test voltage options of 2500 or 5000 volts The VARI position gives the option to select a non standard voltage between 25 and 5000 V d c or to continuously vary the voltage in 25 V steps during a test by using the right hand cursor keys Battery condition indication is given in the bottom left hand corner of the display If the battery becomes completely exhausted the instrument will refuse to operate Recharge the battery as soon as possible If the battery is not recharged it could degrade to a state where it will not recharge Note Test results and settings are protected by a backup battery so these will not be lost 14 To start a Test press the red button for at least one second Two bleeps are sounded and the A flashing test terminal indicator light and symbols warn that a test is in progress If Enhanced tests have been selected after one minute three types of result screen can be selected Results Bargraph Graph using the left hand cursor keys either during or afte
19. chnique is only permissible if the item under test is isolated from the ground Isolated means insulated by a resistance of at least 5 MQ for the positive terminal or 10 kQ for the negative terminal i E D Sl E77 ev The following drawing shows a problem which can occur If one end of the sample is grounded and this is required to be connected to the positive terminal then the negative measurement lead is surrounded by a 5 kV field This is likely to cause at least 1 nA of unwanted leakage current representing a 5 TQ resistance in parallel with the sample under test 23 Test Techniques Z777 When taking measurements above 100 GQ therefore the user should ground the Guard Lead where possible otherwise parallel leakage paths may occur Circuit Block Diagram Calibration check The 1 5010 contains several independent circuits which can be used to perform comparative checks without the use of any external equipment If the automatic calibration check passes this means that most of the instrument functions are working correctly This section describes further simple checks which can be performed to test those areas not covered by the automatic calibration check The S1 5010 has three measuring ranges which are selected automatically The calibration check uses an internal 5 uA current source to check the operation of the high current and medium current ranges The results are shown as two numbers in the display and if c
20. d the 1 5010 will allow you to set this duration and the test will finish automatically The reading will not necessarily be the maximum value but if the same duration is used each test then the same point on the curve of increasing apparent resistance is being compared On installation these readings will be compared to the required minimum specification Further readings taken for maintenance purposes must be monitored for any trend that they show The readings are subject to variation from temperature and humidity and these factors may require the insulation reading to be corrected Information on temperature correction is given in the MEGGER publication A Stitch in Time Alternatively a Polarization Index PI test may be used ae TIME 10818 php Ea ha T rp rpagig pia Example of IR Graphic display Polarization Index PI Test Time resistance tests are successive insulation readings at specified times taking the ratio of dielectric absorption into account and are independent of temperature Good insulation generally shows an increase in resistance over a 10 minute period With contaminated insulation absorption effects are masked by high leakage currents and the readings are therefore fairly flat Insulation U7 A probably good or ie PPa MQ 4 7 4 4 B 7 7 Moisture and dirt may be present 0 TIME 10 Minutes The PI test is a particular example of the time resistance meth
21. e internal voltmeter is working correctly If all these tests are successful the confidence level for correct operation of insulation tests will be about 99 The internal reference voltage has not been tested If this is wrong everything would in error by the same amount and you would never know To check the internal reference connect an external voltmeter and start a test at a voltage which is within the capabilities of your voltmeter Please note that most voltmeters do not like more than 1 kV lf you wish to perform a proper calibration check using external resistors the CB101 5 kV resistor box with 10 MQ 100 MQ 1 GQ and 10 GQ resistors is available from Megger Limited 24 Appendix 1 abies Selected test Selected test Leakage PI1 and P12 _ pp index and software voltage duration current in pA if appicable if applicable identity 51 5010 W 1 0K TEST NUMBER 1 S7ARTED AT 134196 12 20 DATA OLYPUT EVERY 2 SECONDS TEST SET Y SET TIME RESCH ue TERM Y DURATION ENDED CAPfuF PH Pl Do DD Sony 02 00 Capacitance 2 94E 05 4 26E 09 2370 of the item 7 00E 04 3526 08 J465 under test 5 96866E 04 4 206 08 z521 1 5 50E 04_ 4 606 09 2532 5 56866E 04 4 566 08 z542 5 50E 04 4 56E 08 2542 00 10 STOPPED 0 02 Heading Type of Test Insulation Resistance Actual terminal voltage How test ended Step Voltage STOPPED TIME OUT BREAKDOWN BATTERY LOW FUSE BLOWN Polarization Index Dielectric Discharge
22. e working practice Care must be taken to prevent capacitive circuits becoming disconnected during a test leaving the circuit in a charged state Dielectric Absorption Some capacitive items exhibit an effect called Dielectric Absorption The dielectric can absorb charge during the test After the item is discharged the absorbed charge is released back onto the capacitive plates effectively raising the voltage of the item possibly to dangerous levels Safe working practice dictates that tested items should be firmly shorted out with a shorting link after discharge until required for use 13 Operation Performing Tests General Ensure that all test leads are clean and in good condition and firmly connect them to the instrument and to the isolated circuit under test Switch the instrument On by pressing the yellow On Off switch once The calibration check runs to check the operation of the measurement system and correct any small calibration errors which may occur during the life of the instrument The Menu screen is displayed on completion of the calibration check If necessary adjust the contrast setting using the M key The amp key allows the back light to be switched On or Off Switching the back light off will conserve battery power by 10 Select the required Test mode using the left hand cursor keys Test time shown in the bottom right hand corner of the display indicates maximum test duration
23. en is displayed 3 Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight TESTS STORED Press the CHANGE key The DELETE ALL TESTS CONFIRM screen is displayed 4 Accept or reject the deletion by pressing the YES or the NO key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed 5 On completion press END amp key to return back to the Menu screen Set Reset Date and Time 1 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE E key T The SETUP screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select the current Date and Tiime Press the CHANGE amp key T The SETUP MODE SET CLOCK screen is displayed Press the NEXT amp key to highlight and select the Time Date component to be adjusted Using the and keys adjust the time Date as required Or VI a D Setting Up Procedures 7 Press the END amp key to return to the SETUP screen 8 Press the END key to return back to the Menu screen Note Date format can be also be changed as required See Set Reset Date Format Set Reset Printer Baud Rate This is the communication rate used when retrieving results to a serial printer 1 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP 2 Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is displayed 3 Press t
24. g and on completion of a test ENHANCED mode provides basic test results and a graph plot and a Bargraph as the test progresses Individual voltage ranges for each type of test can be switched Off or On as required From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key t The SETUP screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight the required test Press the CHANGE amp key The SETUP MODE option screen for the selected test is displayed 5 Press the SIMPLE or the ENHANCED E key as required The TEST RANGES screen is displayed Note selecting the DISABLE amp key will disable and remove the test from the Menw screen See Disable a Test 6 Use the left hand cursor keys to individually select and highlight any voltage ranges to be switched Off or On Press the On B or OFF key as appropriate 7 On competion press the END amp key to return to the SETUP screen 8 Press the END E key to return to the Menu screen AONI SETUP MODE IHSULATI H RESISTANCE POLARIZATION 2000Y IH DEX 98 10 27 S000 14 23 SVTEST STEP 10000 VOLTAGE HENT TEST 4 DOTEST 10 STORED Soo RETRIEVE BET UF VARI 2000W i CHANGE A SIMPLE ENHANCED f non Tet S VW TEST RANGES O00 ak IR ERRAMEED FODOV 25004 woo SOV Pl ENHANCED SO00W 2500W 000
25. ghlight any voltage ranges to be switched Off or On Press the ON amp or OFF key as appropriate On completion press the END amp key to return to the SETUP screen Press the END amp key to return to the Menu screen Disable a Test mode When a test mode is disabled it is removed fromthe Menu screen 1 D O Oe 2S From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select the test to be disabled Press the CHANGE amp key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed Press the DISABLE amp key The SETUP screen is displayed Press the END amp key to return to the Menu screen lternatively a test can be disabled by individually setting each test voltage to OFF FSLANIEATIND in m iit Vlei BLED TIST HE FTAL AT hl ia EERE oy 15007 ibbiy Dai DI wai ppap Boe HERT oe pidaia iioi EPY Ep CARLEEN gpr Piby MII MAF ba it 11 a ak J JETEF Heti DI iimiicah Fidiy PSE TIPET ey 5 H IMGREEd cde PIANT P I T E 5 T i IEBAS iD peppy j iaa eee THR TEANA Sleiman HI F WERNI Thik A ELET BLE Example showing the disabling of a PI Test Enable a Test mode From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE E key T The
26. he NEXT amp key Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight PRINTER BAUD Press the CHANGE amp key T The PRINTER BAUD screen is displayed Use the NEXT key to select and highlight the Baud Rate as required Press the END B key 7 Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen PHR Set Reset PC Baud Rate This is the communication speed to your PC when retrieving results to a PC file and does not affect the speed when using the S1 5010 with the remote control software The default Baud rate is 9600 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE E key T The SETUP screen is displayed Press the NEXT key Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight PC BAUD Press the CHANGE B key The PC BAUD screen is displayed Use the NEXT key to select and highlight the Baud Rate as required Press the END amp key 7 Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen COS ey gt Security Codes There are two security code systems to inhibit access by unauthorized persons The user definable 3 digit Power On code controls access entry into the instrument The user definable 3 digit Setup code controls access to the Setup displays Set Reset Power On Code to set or re set the 3 digit Power On code to contro
27. itance of the item under test Larger items with more capacitance will take longer e g long supply cables The absorption current decreases relatively slowly compared with the charging current In essence it depends upon the nature of the insulation material The conduction or Leakage current builds up quickly to a steady value and then remains constant for a particular applied voltage under stable conditions It is this current that is affected by moisture dirt etc and the degree to which it flows bears a direct relation to the quality of the insulation and consequently to the value of the insulation resistance measured An increase in the leakage current is a pointer to possible future problems 22 Test Techniques Using the Guard terminal For basic insulation tests and where there is little possibility of surface leakage affecting the measurement it is unnecessary to use the guard terminal i e if the insulator is clean and there are unlikely to be any adverse current paths However in cable testing there may be surface leakage paths across the insulation between the bare cable and the external sheathing due to the presence of moisture or dirt Where it is required to remove the effect of this leakage particularly at high testing voltages a bare wire may be bound tightly around the insulation and connected via the third test lead to the guard terminal G gt Pare eee OD aren To ver Terminal
28. l access enty into the instrument the POWER ON SECURITY CODE is switched to On in the Setup mode When the instrument is switched Off and On again the new code is entered to operate the instrument This Power On code must then be entered by anyone wishing to use the instrument 1 From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP 2 Press the CHANGE E key T The SETUP screen is displayed 3 Press the NEXT key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed 4 Use the left hand cursor keys to select POWER ON SECURITY CODE Press the CHANGE key to set the code to ON or OFF as required If an existing code is to be changed set the code to OFF exit the screen return back to the screen and then set the code back to ON 5 Press the END amp key to exit back to the Menu screen 6 Switch the instrument Off pause and then switch back On again The ENTER THE SECURITY CODE input screen is displayed 7 Enter and remember the new 3 digit security code using the B and NEXT E keys On completion press the OK amp key The instrument powers up and the Menu screen is displayed 10 Set Reset Setup Code To set or re set the 3 digit Setup code the code is switched from OFF to ON The screen is then exited and on re entry the required user definable 3 digit code is entered This
29. lass II Contents Safety Warnings General Description Features and Controls Battery or Mains Operation Mains supply re charging 12 V supply re charging Battery Charging Notes Setting up procedures Setup Language Setup IR SV and DD Tests Setup PI Tests Disable a Test Mode Enable a Test Mode Delete Stored Test Results Set Reset Date and Time Set Reset Printer Baud rate Set Reset PC Baud rate Setup Reset Power On code Setup Reset Setup code Set Reset Date format Set Reset Current limit Set Reset Data Output Rate Set Reset Locking test button Operation Testing Precautions Performing tests General Using the Filter Fault Conditioning Burn Remote Operation Test Mode Summary Insulation Resistance Testing Polarization Index Testing Dielectric discharge Testing Step Voltage Testing Fault Conditioning Burn Data Retrieve Display stored Test results Download stored Test results to a printer Downloading Test results to a PC Application Notes Preventive Maintenance Insulation testing concepts Test Techniques Using the Guard terminal Measurements above 100 GQ Circuit block diagram Calibration Check Appendix 1 Specification Accessories Repair and Warranty OWMOON NNN DDD DH O1 fF ND MPMONMONDNNNNNNNNONNNNYN HA a a a fetter a a feet Seta ooo Ss Ss O N OO 0OA FPWWWNHRHH KH TDTDOAUDOAWDOAGAODAAWAAOAN NNO OTK OON lt HH HY DODO O ee General Description The 1 5010 is an advanced insul
30. layed Press the NEXT key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight DATE FORMAT Press the CHANGE B key to select the appropriate sequence for Day DD Month MM and Year YY Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen Set Reset Current limit Se ad ke ee S 1 3 4 5 6 N From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE key T The SETUP screen is displayed Press the NEXT key The SETUP MODE screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight CURRENT LIMIT Press the CHANGE A key to select 2 mA or 5 mA Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen et Reset Data Output Rate for Real time output From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP Press the CHANGE E key T The SETUP screen is displayed Press the NEXT key Press the NEXT key again DATA OUTPUT EVERY is displayed Press the Change B key The and controls are displayed Using the and keys adjust the Data Rate as required Maximum 1 second Minimum 60 seconds Press the OK B key Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen 11 Set
31. limit Measurement ranges Digital Resistance Voltage Current Capacitance Analogue Resistance Accuracy 0 30 C Resistance d c Test Voltage Current Capacitance Interference rejection Max capacitance discharge Discharge time Guard terminal Operational supply Test Duration Battery Battery life Display Battery Indicator Safety Environmental Protection EMC Operational uncertainties Temperature coefficient Temperature range Maximum altitude Humidity range Weight Dimensions Cleaning 26 Specification 500 V 1000 V 2500 V 5000 V 25 V to 5000 V in 25 V steps 5 on 10 MQ load and above 25 V at test voltage lt 500 V 12 V at test voltage lt 125 V 2 mA or 5 mA Selectable Charge time lt 2 5 s per uF to charge to 5 kV at 5 mA 10 kQ to 500 GQ at 500 V 10 KQ to 1 TQ at 1000 V 10 kQ to 2 5 TQ at 2500 V 10 KQ to 5 TQ at 5000 V 50 to 1000 V a c d c 5000 V when testing 0 01 nA to 999 HA 0 01 uF 10 0 UF measures up to 20 UF if lt 2 5 kV 10 kQ to 1 TQ 5 1 MQ to 1TQ at 5 kV 5 1 MQ to 100 GQ at 500 V 5 1 MQ to 10 GQ at 50 V 20 100 kQ to 1 MQ and 1 TQ to 5 TQ at 5 kV 20 100 kQ to 1 MQ and 100 GQ to 500 GQ at 500 V 2 1 V 5 0 2 nA 5 0 01 UF 4 mA at 50 60 Hz for lt 5 additional error for test volts gt 500 V 20 0 uF at 5 KV or 80 UF at 2 5 kV lt 100 ms per uF from 5 kV to 50 V Guards out parallel resistance down to
32. n Notes Insulation Testing Concepts Insulation resistance can be considered by applying Ohm s Law The measured resistance isdetermined from the applied voltage divided by the resultant current R V There are two further important factors to be considered These are i the nature of the current through and or over the insulation and ii the length of time for which the test voltage is applied These two factors are linked The total current that flows is made up of three separate currents 100 _Capacitance hanging current z 10 Conduction Absorption or leakage current 1 1 LT Teed L 0 1 1 10 Titre Components of insulation test current 1 Capacitance charging current This current is initially high and drops as the insulation becomes charged up to the applied voltage 2 Absorption current This current is also initially high but drops at a much slower rate than the charging current 3 Conduction or Leakage current This is a small steady current that can be sub divided into two a A current flowing along conduction paths through the insulation material b A current flowing along conduction paths over the surface of the insulation material As the total current depends upon the time for which the voltage is applied Ohm s Law theoretically applies at infinite time The charging current falls relatively rapidly as the equipment under test becomes charged up The actual length of time depends upon the size and capac
33. n the range O C to 40 C No harm will occur to the battery is kept on charge indefinitely If the instrument is idle for long periods recharge the battery for at least 24 hours every 6 months more frequently if the storage temperature is gt 40 C Setting Up Procedures Note t If pre set the SETUP security code input screen will be displayed Enter the 3 digit security code using the B and NEXT E keys Press the OK amp key to display the SETUP screen Setup Screens Any changes made to the Setup screens will be retained Memory contents will only be lost in the unlikely event of a power loss combining a failure of the main and the backup battery When power is restored Setup conditions will revert to the default settings i e All tests enabled all voltages enabled First PI value T1 1minute Second value T2 10 minutes Stop time T3 10 minutes and enhanced test mode Setup Language 1 From the first Menu screen use the left hand st cursor keys to select and highlight SETUP 2 Press the CHANGE E key T The LANGUAGE SELECTION screen is displayed 3 Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight the required language 4 Press the YES key The SETUP screen is displayed Setup IR SV and DD Tests Simple or Enhanced mode can be selected for each type of test except DD test SIMPLE mode provides basic test results durin
34. nal to drive an external warning light Capacitive loads are automatically discharged at the end of a test Beneath the display four tactile Keys normally control l Electrical noise Filter Hi E Contrast Back light Negative Terminal Features and Controls Guard Terminal To insert and lock in shrouded test plugs l 4 Push in l 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 4 4 tl 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 rai HV Warning Flashes when a test is in progress or a hazardous voltage is present Date and time Mode setting Left Hand Cursor keys Press to i Select and highlight the required mode ii Select test Results amp Bargraph Graph in Enhanced mode when test has run 1 minute Battery Capacity Indicator Power On Off Switch Press to turn On Off Filter key Press to l i Sequentially select filter times See Using the Filter li Initiate the On screen display above the key o 0 0 o 6 oO 0 O 2 O O Oo D o 8 4 amp oO G9 Oo 0 O 8 Oo D o O o D MEGGER POLARIZATION INDEH HEIT TEST 3 ETEF Hai 22 STORED DD TEST RETRIEDE Contrast keys Press to i Adjust the screen contrast ii Initiate the On screen display above the key oO oO ot og O 2 OB Positive Terminal To release shrouded test plugs turn a quarter turn and pull out oO Oo O Dauna OD ao
35. ng and deterioration of insulation to be assessed The result is dependent on the discharge characteristic so the internal condition of the insulation is tested largely independent of any surface contamination The charge that is stored in the insulation material under test is measured during the discharge phase The charge that is stored during the insulation test is automatically discharged at the end of the test when the discharge resistors are switched across the terminals The rate of discharge depends only on the discharge resistors and the amount of stored charge from the insulation The capacitive current quickly decays from a high value with a relatively short time constant a few seconds The absorption or re absorption during a discharge current starts from a lower level but has a much longer time constant up to several minutes This is caused by ions and dipoles re aligning themselves within the insulation When an electric field is applied some ions are able to move and some dipoles align themselves within the field These effects reverse themselves slowly when the test voltage is removed caused by particles returning to their natural random state The DD test measures the discharge currents 1 minute after an insulation test has been completed At this time the capacitive current has usually become insignificant compared with the re absorption current The level of re absorption after this time shows the condition of the insulation ma
36. od and takes the ratio of the insulation values at 1 minute designated T1 and at 10 minutes designated T2 this is the Polarization Index The PI test also has the advantage of not requiring temperature correction Example of PI display 17 Test Mode Summary The value of PI can often help in the situation where past test record frequency are limited by giving a rough guide to condition of insulator The figures should always be interpreted in the context of the equipment history and your experience PI TEST RESULT INSULATION CONDITION 2 0 to 4 0 Very Good There are two specific conditions to be aware of when interpreting PI test results particularly if a history of the equipment is unavailable 1 Dry brittle insulation e g on windings on can give a high PI but fail under shock conditions 2 If multi layered insulation fails in one of the layers while the others retain high resistances the effect on the test current will tend to increase the PI value masking possible problems from surface leakage caused by dirt and contamination Dielectric Absorption Ratio is the term applied to a Polarization Index at other time intervals using Setup Whatever times are set these will be carried through to the Dielectric Discharge DD test which produces a PI value while it is doing the DD test Dielectric Discharge Testing The Dielectric Discharge DD Test is a diagnostic insulation test that allows agei
37. provides for at least 8 hours of continuous testing The battery symbol F inthe bottom left of the display indicates battery capacity Connecting power to the supply connector or to the 12 volt connector in the side recess panel will automatically charge the battery whether the instrument is switched On or Off A high level of internal isolation allows the 51 5010 to be used while the battery is being recharged An internal battery management system switches the instrument off after ten minutes of inactivity Test results and settings will not be lost when the instrument is switched off HV On indicator connection i 12 V d c connection 5 V logic signa output Plug in supply of 10 15 V To connect an external HV to charge the battery indicator Fuse RS232 connection 200 mA 250 V Download Real time or Batch results to PC Remote operation Mains connection Plug in supply of 95 265 V a c Battery Charge Indicator to charge the battery Test results are stored internally but the A5232 connection allows an external computer to receive results in real time or to receive results previously stored Safe testing is achieved with a double insulated plastic case double insulated test lead connectors a one second delayed start test button high voltage warning symbols 44444 flash on the display and the test terminal HY warning light flashes A socket in the side recess panel provides a 5 volt logic sig
38. r a test To stop a test at any time press the red test button If the red test button is not pressed the test will terminate at the end of the set test duration Allow the item to discharge A test will automatically terminate if The set test duration is completed Excessive electrical noise occurs The circuit insulation under test suffers a complete breakdown The battery becomes exhausted The 200 mA Guard fuse ruptures when the Guard terminal is in use An internal fault occurs When the test is terminated the item under test will be automatically discharged e To return to the menu display and start another test press the Menu amp key e To switch the instrument Off press the On Off button once Auto switch off operates after 10 minutes inactivity e On completion of a test the item under test is automatically discharged The high voltage warnings continue to operate until the terminal voltage falls to less than 50 volts If the test has run for more than one minute three types of result display can be selected Results Bargraph Graph using the left hand cursor keys Using the Filter If stable readings are being obtained it is not necessary to use the filter The multi pole electrical interference filter system enables measurements to stabilise in a few seconds while rejecting 50Hz and 60Hz interference currents up to 4 mA Under adverse conditions it may be necessary to switch in additional sof
39. ranty The instrument circuit contains static sensitive devices and care must be taken in handling the printed circuit board If the protection of an instrument has been impaired it should not be used and be sent for repair by suitably trained and qualified personnel The protection is likely to be impaired if for example the instrument shows visible damage fails to perform the intended measurements has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavourable conditions or has been exposed to severe transport stresses New Instruments are Guaranteed for 1 Year from the Date of Purchase by the User Note Any unauthorized prior repair or adjustment will automatically invalidate the Warranty Instrument Repair and Spare Parts For service requirements for Megger Instruments contact Megger Limited Meggeror Megger SARL Archcliffe Road Valley Forge Corporate Center Z A Du Buisson de la Couldre Dover PO Box 9007 93340 23 rue Eugene Henaff Kent CT17 9EN PA 19484 9007 78190 TRAPPES England U S A France Tel 44 0 1304 502243 Tel 1 610 676 8500 Tel 33 1 30 16 08 90 Fax 44 0 1304 207342 Fax 1 610 676 8610 Fax 33 1 34 61 23 77 or an approved repair company Approved Repair Companies A number of independent instrument repair companies have been approved for repair work on most Megger instruments using genuine Megger spare parts Consult the Appointed Distributor Agent regarding spare parts repair facilities and
40. t be taken that no harm or damage can be caused e The test terminal area and side recess panel recess must be kept in a dry clean condition e If any part of the instrument is damaged it should not be used but returned to the manufacturer or an approved repair company e Fuse replacement must be of the correct type and rating See Specification e Should the plug on the power cord not be the type for your socket outlets receptacles do not use an adaptor Use a suitable alternative power cord Wires in power cords are coloured as follows U K International U S A Earth Ground Yellow Green Green Neutral Blue White Phase Line Brown Black If using a fused plug a 3 Amp fuse to BS1362 should be fitted A Working with Capacitive Loads Charged Circuit Discharge Capacitive circuits charged to several kV can be lethal Circuits must be discharged before handling and connecting the test leads and similarly before disconnecting the test leads At the end of a test any external capacitance is discharged automatically and the warning devices will continue to indicate until the terminals are in a safe condition While the instrument design incorporates maximum safety safe working practice should assume that the instrument discharge circuit and warning devices could fail and a shorting link should be connected across capacitive loads before handling them Automatic discharge must not be relied upon as an alternative to normal saf
41. terial providing that the insulation material has been fully charged for full absorption to take place typically 10 to 30 minutes A high re absorption current shows that the insulation has been contaminated usually by moisture A low current usually shows that the insulation is clean and has not absorbed much moisture The dielectric discharge test measures the discharge current 60 seconds after the insulation test is completed This is converted to a figure of merit which gives a figure for the quality of the insulation independent of the test voltage This value is temperature dependent so it is important to test at a reference temperature or record the value The DD value is defined as Current flowing after 1 minute mA _ tmin Test Voltage V x Capacitance pF VxC 18 The maximum DD value that can be measured assuming the default test voltage of 500 V is typically 20 if the capacitance of the test sample is 1uF but decreasing to 2 for a capacitance of 10 uF If the maximum value has been exceeded the result will show a gt symbol in front of the number e g gt 20 Step Voltage Testing This test is based on the principle that an ideal insulator will produce identical insulation readings at all voltages while an insulator which is being over stressed will show lower insulation values at higher voltages The selected voltage 2 5 kV or 5 kV steps from zero by one fifth of the final value every minute for
42. to select and highlight RETRIEVE Press the START key The output device list is displayed Use the left hand cursor st keys to select and highlight DISPLAY Press the OK B key The first test results are displayed Press NEXT and LAST keys to display subsequent or previous test results On completion press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen wt I Download stored Test results to a Printer An external Printer can be connected to the optically isolated RS232 connector in the side recess panel It is safe to connect a printer to this socket while tests are being performed Test results can be sent in real time and the data output rate can be adjusted from 1 to 60 seconds via the Setup screen The default Baud rate is 9600 and this can be adjusted via the Setup screen Test results are sent to the RS 232 socket every 5 seconds The format of the output data is comma delimited ASCII Connect and set up the Printer From the Menu screen use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight RETRIEVE Press the START E key The SELECT OUTPUT DEVICE LIST screen is displayed Use the left hand cursor keys to select and highlight PRINTER Press the OK B key The first test results are displayed Press NEXT and LAST keys to display the required test results Press the START key The message PRINTOUT IN PROGRESS is displa
43. tware filtering A steady reading will then be obtained at the expense of a longer settling time Filter settings available No Filter Fastest settling time Rejects a c interference up to 1 mA Default FILT 3 Hardware filter Approximately 3 second settling time 4 mA a c rejection FILT 10 Adds software filter giving moving average over 10 seconds FILT 30 As above for 30 seconds FILT 100 As above for 100 seconds At the start of a test the default setting FILT 3 is set This provides very good interference rejection allowing measurements to be made quickly Pressing the filter amp key will sequentially advance filter settings To optimise the settling time toggle the filter key several times to turn the filter Off Note that if the filter is turned On again either manually or automatically it may cause a transient change in the reading which can last up to several seconds Tip If a long time constant filter is in use toggle the filter amp key to re start the filter and obtain the required reading faster Note When testing at less than 500 volts the tolerance to external interference is reduced This is because of voltage regulation problems caused by a c current flowing into the positive terminal impedance of about 80 kQ Such a condition will be evident by the fact that the terminal voltage will change from its set value Note Selecting a new filter time discards all previous readings and begins building up a new
44. yed When the completed message is displayed press the MENU amp key to return back to the SELECT OUTPUT DEVICE LIST screen 9 Press the END amp key to return back to the Menu screen Sn p e o o Downloading Test results to a PC Test results may be downloaded to a PC in one of two ways Real Time downloading while carrying out a test or Batch downloading a single or multiple results after a test s has been completed and stored in the memory of the S1 5010 In both cases the download of results takes place via the RS232 port of the S1 5010 to a COM port of the PC Real Time downloading uses the AVOLOAD DOS program on the diskette supplied with the instrument Batch downloading uses the AVODNLDR DOS program on the diskette supplied with the instrument Examples of a Real Time display and Batch displays are given in Appendix 1 Instructions on how to use both programs are contained in the README file on the diskette Alternatively the S1 S1 Windows program can be used to set up and control the 1 5010 instrument and download Real time and Batch data See Accessories 20 Application Notes Preventive Maintenance The proverb A stitch in time saves nine inspired the title of an Megger Limited booklet on insulation testing as it neatly sums up the benefits of preventative maintenance The savings come in financial terms from costly
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