UM10491 User manual for the BGU7004 GPS LNA
Contents
1. signal GEN1 i 2 stage 2008 LNA Noise oL Daf Me Source Directional coupler D gt S analyzer Fig 12 Noise under jamming measurement setup In Fig 13 and Fig 14 the noise figure as a function of jammer power is given for 850 MHz and 1850 MHz jammer signals UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 11 of 15 NXP Semiconductors UM10491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB NF vs Jammer Power at 850MHz 40 35 30 25 20 15 1 Jammer frequency is 850 MHz Fig 13 NF at 1 575 GHz versus jammer power NF vs Jammer Power at 1850MHz 40 35 30 25 20 15 Pjam dBrn 2 Jammer frequency is 1850 MHz Fig 14 NF at 1 575 GHz versus jammer power UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 12 of 15 NXP Semiconductors UM10491 8 Typical evaluation board results BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB Table 2 typical results measured on the Evaluation Boards Operating Frequency is f 1575 42MHz unless otherwise specified Temp 25 C Parameter Symbol BGU7004 BGU7004 BGU7004 Supply Voltage Vec 15 1 8 2 85 Supply Current lcc 4 6 4 7 5 2 Noise Figure NF 0 86 0 85 0 86 850MHz 8 4 10 8 91 Power Gain 1575 42MHz Gp 16 3 16 4 16 8 1850MHz 14 6 14 2 15 2 Input Return Loss RLin 6 9 7 7 6 Output Return Loss RLout 15 9 16 45 17 Reverse Isolation ISLrev 22 9 23 1 23 6 850MHz 11 62. 10 6 10 5 Input 1dB Gain 1575 42MHz Pi1dB 10 58 9 37 7 7 Compression 1850MHz 8 74 7 6 6 3 Input third order intercept point P3 A 8 8 5 10 Ton 1 4 1 0 9 Power settling time Toff 1 0 95 0 9 Unit Remarks V mA dB dB dB dB dB dBm dBm Measured from 10 to 90 Us and 90 to 10 of the max power 1 The NF and Gain figures are being measured at the SMA connectors of the evaluation board so the losses of the connectors and the PCB of approximately 0 1dB are not subtracted 2 Jammers at f1 f 138 MHz and f2 f 276 MHz where f 1575 42 MHz UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 13 of 15 NXP Semiconductors UM10491 9 Legal information BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 9 1 Definitions Draft The document is a draft version only The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval which may result in modifications or additions NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information 9 2 Disclaimers General Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable However NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties expressed or implied as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
3. dBm For 1850 MHz the read out is 14 42 dBm see Figure 11 taking into account the 20 dB attenuation of the directional coupler means P 1 dB 5 58 dBm UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 10 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB M1 25 00 dBm 16 289 dB amp M1 25 00 dBm 16 288 dB Trc1 dB Mag 1dB Ref16dB Cal int PCax M2 9 30 dBm 15 286 dB 4 Tret dB Mag 1dB Ref16dB Cal int PCax M2 14 42 dBm 15 289 dB 4 s21 s21 20 20 19 19 18 18 Ay 1 17 1 16 MZ lt 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 Ch1 Arb Channel Base Start 25 dBm Freq 1 575 GHz Stop 15 dBm Ch1 Arb Channel Base Start 25 dBm Freq 1 575 GHz Stop 15 dBm Fig 10 1dB Gain compression 1 575 GHz 850 Mhz Fig 11 1dB Gain compression 1 575 GHz 1850 Mhz jammer jammer 7 Noise figure as function of jammer power at 850 MHz and 1850 MHz Noise figure under jamming conditions is a measure of how the LNA behaves when e g a GSM TX interfering signal is at the input of the GPS antenna To measure this behavior the setup shown in Fig 12 is used The jammer signal is coupled via a directional coupler to the DUT this is to avoid the jammer signal damaging the noise source The GPS BPF is needed to avoid driving the second stage LNA in saturation TX Jammer
4. harmonics so up to 6 GHz should be sufficient Optional a version with the capability of measuring noise figure is convenient Amp meter to measure the supply current optional A network analyzer for measuring gain return loss and reverse Isolation Noise figure analyzer and noise source Directional coupler SOS i ks i Proper RF cables 5 Connections and setup UM10491 The BGU7004 GPS LNA evaluation board is fully assembled and tested Please follow the steps below for a step by step guide to operate the evaluation board and testing the device functions 1 Connect the DC power supply to the Veo and GND terminals Set the power supply to the desired supply voltage between 1 5 V and 2 85 V but never exceed 3 1 V as it might damage the BGU7004 Jumper JU1 is connected between the V terminal of the evaluation board and the Ven pin of the BGU7004 To evaluate the power on settling time ton and the power off settling time tos it is also possible to use a separate voltage on the Ven eventually this voltage can be supplied by a pulse generator In this case jumper JU1 should be removed The definition of ton is the time from 10 to 90 of the maximum signal level and for t 4 the time from 90 to 10 of the maximum signal level Connect the RF signal generator and the spectrum analyzer to the RF input and the RF output of the evaluation board respectively Do not turn on the RF output of the Signa
5. only one series inductor at the input is needed to achieve the best RF performance Both the input and output are AC coupled via an integrated capacitor Only two external components are required to build a GPS LNA with the following advantages e Low noise e High gain e High linearity under jamming e Very low package height 0 5mm e Low current consumption e Short power settling time The data sheet of the BGU7004 is available and it is called SiGe C Low Noise Amplifier MMIC for GPS applications 3 Application Board UM10491 The BGU7004 GPS LNA evaluation board simplifies the evaluation of the BGU7004 GPS LNA for the GPS application The evaluation board enables testing of the device performance and requires no additional support circuitry The board is fully assembled with the BGU7004 including the input series inductor as well as a decoupling capacitor to optimize the performance The board is supplied with two SMA connectors for input and output connection to RF test equipment The BGU7004 can operate from a 1 5V to 2 85V single supply and consumes about 5 mA NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 4 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 3 1 Application Circuit The circuit diagram of the evaluation board is shown in Fig 2 With jumper JU1 the enable pin can be controlled to either to Vec or GND Fig 2 Circuit diagram of the BGU70
6. 04 evaluation board 3 2 Board Layout Fig 3 Printed circuit board lay out of the BGU7004 GPS LNA evaluation board UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 5 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 3 3 3 4 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB PCB layout A good PCB layout is an essential part of an RF circuit design The evaluation board of the BGU7004 can serve as a guideline for laying out a board using the BGU7004 Use controlled impedance lines for all high frequency inputs and outputs Bypass V with decoupling capacitors preferably located as close as possible to the device For long bias lines it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors along the line further away from the device Proper grounding of the GND pins is also essential for good RF performance Either connect the GND pins directly to the ground plane or through vias or do both The material that has been used for the evaluation board is FR4 using the stack shown in Fig 4 oe 0 2mm FR4 critical 20um Cu 0 8mm FR4 only for 20um Cu mechanical rigidity of PCB Fig 4 Stack of the PCB material Material supplier is ISOLA DURAVER er 4 6 4 9 Tand 0 02 Bill of materials Table 1 BOM of the BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB v2 1 Designator Ac PCB C1 L1 X1 X2 X3 X4 JU1 UM10491 Description Footprint Value Supplier Name type Comment BGU7004 1 45x1 1mm LNA MMIC v2 1 35x20mm
7. 5 Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product s described herein have been included in the section Legal information NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved For more information please visit http www nxp com For sales office addresses email to salesaddresses nxp com Date of release 14 June 2011 Document identifier UM10491
8. BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB Capacitor 0402 1nF Murata GRM1555 Decoupling Inductor 0402 5 6nH Murata LQW 15A High Q low Rs Input matching SMA RF Johnson End launch SMA RF input RF connector 142 0701 841 output DC header Molex PCB header Right Angle 1 Bias connector row 3 way 90121 0763 JUMPER Molex PCB header Vertical 1 row Connect Ven to stage 3 way 90120 0763 Vcc or separate Ven voltage Jumper 3 4 1 Series inductor The evaluation board is supplied with Murata LQW 15series inductor of 5 6nH This is a wire wound type of inductor with high quality factor Q and low series resistance R This type of inductor is recommended in order to achieve the best noise performance High Q inductors from other suppliers can be used If it is decided to use other low cost inductors with lower Q and higher R the noise performance will degrade NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 6 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 4 Required Equipment In order to measure the evaluation board the following is necessary v DC Power Supply up to 30 mA at 1 5 V to 2 85 V v Two RF signal generators capable of generating an RF signal at the operating frequency of 1575 42 MHz as well as the jammer frequencies 850 MHz 1713 42 MHz 1850 MHz and 1851 42 MHz v An RF spectrum analyzer that covers at least the operating frequency of 1575 42 MHz as well as a few of the
9. UM10491 User manual for the BGU7004 GPS LNA evaluation board Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 User manual Document information Info Content Keywords LNA GPS BGU7004 Abstract This document explains the BGU7004 AEC Q100 qualified GPS low noise amplifier evaluation board founded by Philips NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB Revision history Rev Date Description 1 0 20110614 First Release Contact information For additional information please visit http www nxp com For sales office addresses please send an email to salesaddresses nxp com UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 2 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 1 Introduction NXP Semiconductors BGU7004 is an AEC Q100 qualified low noise amplifier for GPS receiver applications in a plastic leadless 6 pin extremely thin small outline SOT886 package It has a gain of 16 5 dB gain and a noise figure of 0 8 dB It has superior linearity performance to suppress interference and noise from co habitation cellular transmitters while retaining sensitivity The LNA has been designed using NXP Semiconductors advanced 110 GHz f SiGe C process The BGU7004 only requires two external components one series inductor for input matching and one decoupling capacitor The BGU7004 contains one RF stage and internal bias that is temperature stabilized It is also suppli
10. consequences of use of such information Right to make changes NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document including without limitation specifications and product descriptions at any time and without notice This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof Suitability for use NXP Semiconductors products are not designed authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical military aircraft UM10491 space or life support equipment nor in applications where failure or malfunction of a NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury death or severe property or environmental damage NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and or use is for the customer s own risk Applications Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification Export control This document as well as the item s described herein may be subject to export control regulations Export might require a prior authorization from national authorities 9 3 Trademarks Notice All referenced brands product
11. dBm Fig 6 O IIP3 at Vec 1 5 V Fig 7 O lIP3 at Vcc 1 8 V O IIP3 level Veg 2 85V 40 30 20 10 0 10 Pi dBm 20 Fig 8 O IIP3 at Vcc 2 85 V 6 2 In band 1dB gain compression due to 850 MHz and 1850 MHz jammers As already stated before signal levels in the GPS frequency band of 130 dBm average will not cause linearity problems in the GPS band itself This of course is also valid for the 1 dB gain compression in band The 1 dB compression point at 1575 42 MHz caused by cell phone TX jammers however is important Measurements have been carried out using the set up shown in Fig 9 UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 9 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB cava cava BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 20dB k Q O reana Fig 9 Setup for 1 dB compression with jammers The gain was measured in the GPS frequency band between port 1 and 2 while simultaneously a jammer power signal was swept on port 3 Please note that the drive power of the jammer is 20 dB lower at the input of the DUT caused by the directional coupler Fig 10 and Fig 11 show the gain compression curves with 850 MHz and 1850 MHz jammers respectively The analyzer read out for 850 MHz jammer is 9 3 dBm see Figure 10 taking into account the 20 dB attenuation of the directional coupler means P 1 dB 10 7
12. ed by a GPS receiver the system will not have in band intermodulation problems caused by the GPS signal itself Strong out of band cell phone TX jammers however can cause linearity problems and result in third order intermodulation products in the GPS frequency band Out of Band input third order Intercept point This parameter is being measured by a two tone measurement where the carriers have been chosen as L1 138 MHz and L1 276 MHz Where L1 is the center of the GPS band 1575 42 MHz So the two carriers are 1713 42 MHz and 1851 42 MHz that can be seen as two TX jammers in UMTS FDD and GSM1800 cell phone systems One third order product 2f f2 generated in the LNA due to amplifier third order non linearities can fall at the desired 1575 42 MHz frequency as follows 2f1 f2 2 1713 42 MHz 1851 42 MHz 1575 42 MHz This third order product can influence the sensitivity of the GPS receiver drastically So this third order intermodulation product needs to be as low as possible meaning the out of band intercept point must be as high as possible Fig 6 Fig 7 and Fig 8 show the O_IIP3 of the BGU7004 at different supply voltages NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 8 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB O lIPS level Vee 1 5V eee O IIP3 level Veo 1 8V O IIP3 8dBm O IIP3 8 5dBm E 3 J 2 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 40 30 20 10 a 10 Pi dBm 20 Pin
13. ed with an enable function allowing it to be controlled by a logic signal The BGU7004 is ideal for use as GPS LNA in handsets PDA s and PND s The GPS LNA evaluation board EVB see Fig 1 is designed to evaluate the performance of the BGU7004 applied as a GPS LNA In this document the application diagram board layout bill of materials and typical results are given as well as some explanations on GPS related performance parameters like out of band input third order intercept point gain compression under jamming and noise under jamming v t w Ko LJ t BGU7005 GPS LNA EVB version 2 1 JJ 81 89 38 3 ma L 2 mg E Oa 4 x lt N 1 g 10 b soz 0npucozmesg AS oo RE Fig 1 BGU7004 GPS LNA evaluation board UM10491 NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 3 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 2 General description NXP Semiconductors BGU7004 GPS low noise amplifier is dedicated for the GPS frequency band The integrated biasing circuit is temperature stabilized which maintains a constant current over temperature It also enables the superior linearity performance of the BGU7004 It is also supplied with an enable function that allows it to be controlled with a logic signal In disabled mode it only consumes less than 1A The output of the BGU7004 is internally matched for 1575 42 MHz whereas
14. l generator yet set it to 40 dBm output power at 1575 42 MHz set the spectrum analyzer at 1575 42 MHz center frequency and a reference level of 0 dBm 5 Turn on the DC power supply and it should read approximately 5 mA 6 Enable the RF output of the generator the spectrum analyzer displays a tone of around 25 dBm at 1575 42 MHz Instead of using a signal generator and spectrum analyzer one can also use a network analyzer in order to measure gain as well as in and output return loss For noise figure evaluation either a noise figure analyzer or a spectrum analyzer with noise option can be used The use of a 15 dB noise source like the Agilent 364B is recommended When measuring the noise figure of the evaluation board any kind of adaptors cables etc between the noise source and the evaluation board should be avoided since this affects the noise performance NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 7 of 15 NXP Semiconductors U M1 0491 6 Linearity BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 9 For noise under jamming conditions the following is needed A 15dB ENR noise source a directional coupler GPS band pass filter a noise figure analyzer or a spectrum analyzer with noise option can be used See Fig 12 o o o o o Fig 5 BGU7004 evaluation board including its connections UM10491 6 1 At the average power levels of 130 dBm that have to be receiv
15. names service names and trademarks are property of their respective owners NXP B V 2011 All rights reserved User manual Rev 1 0 14 June 2011 14 of 15 NXP Semiconductors UM10491 10 Contents BGU7004 GPS LNA EVB 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 1 6 1 6 2 9 1 9 2 9 3 10 Introduction 00 ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseneneeeeeneeneneeeees 3 General GeSCription cccccceseeeeseseeeeessenneeeees 4 Application Board cccccessseeeessseeeeeeseeseeees 4 Application Circuit ec eenen 5 Board Layout eeecceeeeseeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeenaeeeeeeaas 5 PCB layOut cieniste iian a 6 Bill OF materials iced cescehes sacks ocestoett baasdzeeacsceeeessabes 6 Ser s INGUCHON siiairc ians rnn iaa 6 Required Equipment ssssssssssesnnnsernnnrnnnnnnnnnennne 7 Connections and Setup ccssseeeseseeeeeeseteeeeeees 7 Linearity ee 8 Out of Band input third order Intercept point 8 In band 1dB gain compression due to 850 MHz and 1850 MHZ jammets see 9 Noise figure as function of jammer power at 850 MHZ and 1850 MHZ cccccsssseeeeseseeeneeeeees 11 Typical evaluation board resullts cssee 13 Legal information ccscccssseesseeeeeeeseeeeenees 14 DG TIMMONS iaer eae aaeeea tenani rei ai Enia 14 DISCIAIMCMS ainiin coat needed ae 14 Trademarks 00 0 ceceeeceeeesneeeceereeeeeeeeeeeeenaeeeeeenaees 14 Contents wanes csi cnceccciieie niet deevccstseceniniencnacsteci universe 1
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