FloodArea
Contents
1. H add new a delete Jf show markers continue Cancel optional The hydrograph data file is simply an ASCII text file that can be created with any text editor It must have the extension txt and must be organized accord ing to the figure below 1 Column ou Zr S Discharge in a 0 00 20 1 nn 0 05 22 8 0 17 5 2 Decimal 0 33 24 3 separator dot 0 50 25 3 To separate the 0 67 26 2 ar 0 83 23 9 following tags are admitted 1 00 24 8 blank tab comma semicolon or colon 45 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K GEOME rerom u Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas The file has at least two columns one holding the time in decimal hours the second and all others holding the discharge in m s The decimal sign must be a dot columns may be delimited by either a space a tab stop a comma a semi colon or a colon No empty lines or inline comments are allowed Comments though may be added as separate columns But they should not contain any numbers Negative discharge values are valid although their usage is not recommended If values are negative the corresponding amount of water at that point will be interpreted as being taken out from the model The algorithm does not comply with situations where the negative value is higher than the amount of water cur rently available at that particular raster cell Such ass2. l genieurgemeinschaft f r F g come Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft License Agreement 3 geomer is not liable for down times damage and consequential damage caused by program errors improper use of the licensed software or misinterpretation of the calculated results regardless of the grounds to which they can be attributed 4 The licensee is obliged to indemnify geomer against liability for all claims by third parties arising from the use of the licensed software 5 Otherwise the damages to be paid by geomer are limited to the agreed license fee and their applicability lapses after 6 months 7 Industrial Property Rights and Copyrights of Third Parties 1 geomer indemnifies the licensee against all claims by third parties made against him in the Federal Republic of Germany due to infringement of property rights by use of the licensed software in line with the contract as long as the licensee has immediately notified geomer of such claims in writing and all protective measures and settlement negotiations are left to geomer If such claims have been exercised or are anticipated geomer can modify or replace the licensed material at the licensee s expense 2 The provision as per 7 Clause 1 does not apply if claims of a third party can be attributed to the licensee modifying the licensed software 8 Miscellaneous 1 The place of jurisdiction for all disputes occurring due to and in the context of this Agreement is Heidelberg 2 Sho
3. Different from the option Hydrograph instead of coordinates for input output locations a grid theme representing the area for the hydrograph data must be chosen Grid cells containing the value zero or NODATA are considered to be dry cells i e cells without water input All other values given will be multiplied with the value in the hydrograph data file allowing for a weighted input If a weighted input is not desired all values must be set to 1 No negative values should be given In general the two hydrograph options are the same Using the areal input with a grid containing only a single cell the results of the simulation are the same compared to using the normal hydrograph option But before running the rainstorm option you have to consider the different input units Pay attention to the fact that the conversion factor depends on the cell size Here some examples site Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K JEOMETF mamsnenenscan u Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft PS BEL Sp ea Das Calculate flooded areas An input of 1 m sec ata cell s ze of is the same than an intensity of 5m 5m 144 000 mm h 10m 10m 36 000 mm h 20 m 20 m 9 000 mm h 25m 25m 5 760 mm h 30 m 30m 4 000 mm h 40 m 40 m 2 250 mm h 50m 50m 1 440 mm h 100 m 100 m 360 mm h If you want to use this function like the first you have also to divide the calcu lated intensity by the
4. I e Le Geoinformatik PLOY RUIZ RODRIGUEZ S amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K fi Pas geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas In the option field C the model output values can be given in absolute elevation in most cases this means above sea level or it may indicate water depth above the surface In any case the units will be the same as the units chosen for the elevation model The interval of the time steps i e the interval for which intermediate GRIDs will be saved can be chosen in field D One time unit accounts for approximately one hour of time This value is only an estimate because the model is not calibrated The check bock E Output of flow direction needs to be activated if you want to generate a shape file with the flow direction later on Please note that this will generate three grids instead of one for each output time step so provide enough disk space if you intend to use this option Calculation options Metadata Legend Simulation period field F is the total simulation time approx in hours If the model run is a continuation of a previous simulation the simulation time will be extended by the given value The maximum exchange rate field G defines the percentage of water volume present in the current grid cell which is distributable to the neighboring cells In order to meet this condition the model decreases the internal ite
5. Wasserwirtschaft Demo Version and Demo Data Demo Version and Demo Data Notice The demo version is functional only when using the demo data that comes with it The demo data comprises of Demo project kmogpmjon anmai ArcMap Andi 2 T ss i FEJ Ee gat ew Insert Its Inte tin I bDems nmaxr SEE SE crente query mabe A eane BE aa Bam B E mawan ee ml Busse alal e inne come Ale ro en ZIEH 12 1 18 18 je j geogr pre jmn gm ons ogma pre pre gr ne me jan a7 je jzm ja i seajeomer ce FloodArea for Arc GIS a il Le tj zie w k le Fk S T a ajma dl 2 24 124 Carrier staa aieea Lavin Gpumen darter Waren Mann paste Qader Fran BINS DAR MEAA EDER us elevation an elevation model units are meters with a horizontal resolution of 5 m 200 rows and 200 columns corresponding to an area of 1 km drainage a grid representing a drainage network values represent water levels and are given in meters rail a grid representing flow barriers with interruptions for example bridges in a railway dam dam an uninterrupted flow barrier failure a grid representing a failure area adapted to the dam grid manning a grid representing roughness coefficients values are in 1 n landuse classifications upon which these values are based can be found in the legend manning avl rain a grid representing weight factor
6. Windows NT Windows 2000 Windows XP are registered trademarks of Mircosoft Corporation Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation RUIZ RODRIGUEZ F x ex amp Ressourcenmanagement gt ZEISLER BLANK fi Pas geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft What FloodArea Can Do For You What FloodArea Can Do For You The main purpose of FloodArea is the delineation of flooded inundated areas Calculations are based upon e adrainage network grid with water levels assigned to it Though the water levels can vary spatially e g along a river stretch they remain constant during the simulation process The water levels can be changed however by modifying them between single model runs or by e one or more hydrographs at user definable coordinates or by e arainstorm simulation over a wider area specified by a weighted Grid Model results are stored as Grids at user defined intervals providing for the possibility to reproduce the temporal aspect of the flooding process The values of the resulting Grids can be stored as absolute height levels or as values relative to the surface If needed the flow direction vectors can be output for each individual grid Additional parameters can be specified for a simulation run Flow barriers e g road embankments which are not represented by the elevation model can be specified Locations of dam failures can also be specified determining at which points flow b
7. areas Additional optional Grids can be taken into account by clicking on optional BE optional Flow barrier Dam failure Roughness Modification 5 grid to continue calculation with ia Display simulation inf load settings optional Modification With this option it is possible to rise or lower the complete water level during the simulation process The file to be selected here has to have the same format than the hydrographs used within the other options see page 15 The values will always be interpreted as the difference to the original water level in centimeters The values between the data in the input file will be interpreted linearly With this function you can simulate for example the passing through of a flood wave within a bigger river and the effects on the connected retention areas Flow barriers All grid cells other than O zero or NODATA are considered to be flow barriers The model algorithm uses diagonal transfer between grid cells Thus in order to function as a true flow barrier grid cells must be edge connected Grids generated by ArcViews rasterizing of line shape files meet this requirement No heights of dams can be specified here If these are available and to be used in the simulation they must be part of the elevation model Use the standard SpatialAnalyst functions to modify your elevation model accordingly Dam failure All Grid cells other than
8. each cell location A value of 1 is equal to 100 Dam Failure In terms of a dam failure grid not only potential physical obstacles must be broken but also appropriate flow depth values must be calculated The assumption is that the lowest elevation in the area covered by the dam failure grid red area is the local elevation minimum If water reaches that area the elevation at that location will be reduced to that local minimum If during the simulation an even lower elevation is detected it will be considered as the new local minimum and will be applied also to the already flooded cells 31 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ age amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K g L has geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method The figures show in a schematic way characteristic intermediate phases during a dam failure simulation From figure 2 onwards a reduction of the elevation values takes place being one cell ahead of the water level shown as a horizontal plane for simplification From figure 4 onwards the new even lower minimum is applied also to the cells processed before Figure 5 shows the final status Consideration of Model Edges Considering the edges of a model area may cause a problem because no infor mation is available for the area beyond the study area FloodArea assumes a continuing gradient of the water surface beyond the edge of the model Base
9. of the hydraulic model Dam Failure Scenarios Two possible scenarios can be modeled The first describes a complete failure of a dam or a section of a dam Using the option Water level elevation of drainage network it is assumed that the dam failure will not influence the water level of the main stream The second possibility describes a scenario with a defined inflow into the protected area one or more cells using a hydrograph Only in the first case it is assumed that water continues to flow behind the dam Controlled Outlet of Flood Control Basins Given the case that controlled outlet of a flood control basin is necessary a flooding of other areas might occur These areas can be delineated by using the design hydrograph data for that particular location Limitations FloodArea is primarily intended to calculate areas affected by a flood Essentially it is a simplified two dimensional hydraulic model integrated in a GIS The simplifications made mainly affect the open channel hydraulics which can be described only roughly with the available parameters resolution of the elevation model in the channel no cross sections Furthermore the algorithms do not contain the impulse transfer therefore some phenomenon such as the sloping of a water level in a river bend is not described correctly 34 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und
10. rule out any errors in data processing programs under all application conditions 2 Scope of the License Rights of Use 1 The licensed software is protected by copyright protection by other legal provisions remains unaffected 2 In accordance with the type of license purchased geomer grants the licensee a non transferable and non exclusive right to simultaneous use of the licensed software in line with the number and functions agreed The type of license defines the rights of use There is a demo license restricted use exclusively for test purposes and a commercial license unrestricted rights of use If breach of the license terms is proven twofold license fees are payable for wrongful use of the software licenses 3 The right of use accrues on delivery of the licensed software The licensee is entitled to use the licensed software for an unlim ited period of time 4 As per this GTB license use includes copying the machine readable licensed software permanently or temporarily completely or in part by loading displaying playing transferring or saving it in order to process the instructions and data contained in it on appropriate hardware or to monitor examine or test the program functions it includes 5 The licensee is entitled to make a backup copy of the machine readable licensed software provided there is a need to do so If the hardware on which the software has been installed is not operational temporary use on different hardw
11. with the same name but with a different file name extension out Volumes are saved in units of m3 The third column of this file indicates the amount of water which left the model at the output location also in units of m3 Please be aware that already existing files with the same filename will be overwritten Please notice the model stops either when the time specified in the dialog Additional settings has run out or when the last record of the hydrograph data file has been processed whatever comes first Rainstorm input by area This option is almost identical to the one described above the most important difference being that the hydrograph is not given for one input coordinate but 216 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas for an area This area is defined by a grid theme Thus only one column in the input data file can be considered The format of the hydrograph data s the same as above Values though must be given n units of mm h Output is calculated for the model edge only An output file out 1s produced in the same way as described above Values of the output file are in m Calculation of flooded area Required data Elevation model dern Units of elevation model Im map units Im water level Precipitated area fi ainstorm Hidrograph
12. 0 zero or NODATA are considered to be superior to flow barriers Superior means that at any given location i e grid cell where both flow barrier and dam failure are set the dam failure Grid takes priority You can use this option for the simulation of dam failures Roughness A Grid representing roughness values according to Manning Val ues have to be given as 1 n n in units of m s 43 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K DR l GEOME rereonensenan u Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas To specify water levels several options are available BH Flooding depth specification of input data Relative elevation Use absolute elevation I Elevation of input drainage network w Constant elevation Oo Water level flood level elevations is represented by the values of the input drainage network Grid box A is checked Water level flood level elevations is represented by the values of the input drainage network Grid but in addition a constant value specified in field c is added Box A and B must be checked for this method Elevation units are the same as for the elevation model All drainage network grid cells have a constant value The values of the cells are ignored In order to apply this method checkbox A must be deactivated and checkbox B must be activated At least one of the checkboxes A and B must be activated For all options th
13. Auswahl der Sprache Info Available memory Use this option to check if enough memory is available for the simulation Please note that the given value is an estimate only since all other running pro grams and the operating system itself use the available memory in concurrent operations The given percentage is based on the physical memory only Try to avoid using virtual memory In this dialog you can select from a list of raster data layers from the active data frame or load one from disk In the latter the selected layer will be added to the data frame Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K GEOMEr mencaenensnan nr i Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Using FloodArea Available memory x The masimum Grid size to perform the calculation with depends on available memor Before starting the program and preparing the data please check if your computer has sufficient memory Please select Grid with the same extent and cellsize you want to use for the calculation of flooded areas Available memory The maximum Grid size to perform the calculation with depends on available memory Before starting the program and preparing the data please check it your computer has sufficient memory Please select Grid with the same extent and cellsize you want to use for the calculation of flooded areas Of NEEDED 1 FREE lee Total Physical Mernory Baad K Available Physical Memory
14. BOMB KE required Memor T224 E FREE bP oe After confirming by clicking the Calculate button a message box appears showing memory requirements and the information whether it is sufficient to run your model Choose Cancel to abort this estimation Avoid simulation runs requiring memory above the available real memory Using virtual memory may increase processing time tremendously Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ F FR amp Ressourcenmanagement ZEISLER BLANK I geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r 7 Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Using FloodArea Smooth drainage network Use this option to smooth drainage networks generated from digital elevation models or rasterized drainage networks derived from vector lines In the context of FloodArea smoothing means that intersecting the drainage network with the elevation model generates a continuously inclined water level in flow direction This is useful because rasterized networks often do not follow drainage lines represented in digital elevation models which contain sinks and gaps The dialog for controlling this function is shown below and contains the described elements Required data Elevation model Drainage network drainage Output directory D xtmp floodaressautput2 Miscellaneous Mininunn lope Calculate Cancel Rato of minimum to maximum Curve ro In listbox A specify the Elevation model from which the drainage network was generated or to
15. FloodArea sar ArcGIS extension for calculating flooded areas manual Version 9 0 July 2005 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ p ZR amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K Vp ea g Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r ie e m e r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ gt amp Ressourcenmanagement ZE S L E R B LA N K JEOMETF mamsnenenscan u Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Content Content 8 PEE EE A E EE E EEEE E E E E eee 1 What FloodArea Can Do For YOU z 2242200200200nnn0nnunnnnnnunnnnn nun nun nun 2 Installing and Loading FloodArea u uuu02u000an000an0nanunnanunnnnnnanennnnn 3 System Requirements ee ee nee 3 NS UW AOA a ee Aare 3 Demo data and ArcMap project i usuesnndin a eu 3 Loading the Extension cccccseccccsecceceeeesseeeesaeeeeseeeeeeseeeeeseeeessaeeesaeeeseeeeees 3 Step 1 Activating the FloodArea toolbar scccceceeeeececcceeesesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaaaaesseseeeeeeeess 3 Step 2 Registering your license cccecccccceeseeeseeeeeecaeeeeeeeeeseeaeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeessaeeeeeeeeessaaees 4 Using FOO ANC d icerir EE EENE 5 The FloodArea Main Menu uunuuunseennsennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nennen 5 Available memory ee 5 Smooth drainage NEtWOFK cecccccccseeseeeeecaeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeesueeseeeeeeseeeeeeesaaseeeees 7 Generate terrain model from contoursS 20022200220002000 Benno nnnne
16. Support Support is given at the following addresses according to your license agree ment geomer GmbH H Redtenbacherstra e 5 69126 Heidelberg Germany Fon 49 0 6221 89458 0 Fax 49 0 6221 89458 79 eMail floodarea geomer de Internet www geomer de RUIZ RODRIGUEZ ZEISLER BLANK GbR Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Haselstra e 9 65191 Wiesbaden Bierstadt Germany Fon 49 0 611 18 99 373 Fax 49 O 611 18 99 374 eMail info rzb gbr de Internet www tzb gbr de 07 Geoinformotik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K z geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft License Agreement License Agreement Please read the following license terms prior to installing our software By installing the software you irrevocably accept this License Agreement 1 Subject of the Contract 1 The following terms apply to software licenses granted by geomer GmbH hereinafter called geomer 2 Software in the sense of this GTB license includes data processing programs with or without accompanying software protection data stocks or and accompanying documentation in machine readable and printed form hereinafter referred to as licensed soft ware Licensed software also includes all copies made of this licensed software in its supplied or modified version 3 We expressly point out that it is not possible with today s technology to
17. a Description Units Map Meters bi Display Unknown Units Reference Scale 1 fo Rotation fo Label E ngine ESRI Standard Label Engine Abbrechen bernehmen Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ 2 ZEISLER BLANK Before starting the calculation the analysis envrionment of Spatial Analyst should be defined It is recommended to use the extent and cell size properties of the elevation model upon which the model run is based To accomplish this call the options dialog of Spatial Analyst as shown below General Estent Cell Size working directory et tmp S Analysis mask lt None gt Analysis Coordinate System f Analysis output will be saved in the same coordinate syetem a the input for first raster input if there are multiple inputs Bottom 0 Grap extent bo lt None gt a Analysis output will be saved in the same coordinate s etem as the active data frame M Display warning message if raster inputs have to be projected during analysis operation Abbrechen Abbrechen General Extent Cell Size Analysis cell size Cell size Number of rows 200 Number of columns 200 Abbrechen The model run will be done for the extent defined here If not set or not peroperly set an empty GRID could be the result of a simulation run 10 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer I
18. a o Info Existing animations can be started by clicking on button I Unify legend Use this option to assign an identical symbology legend to selected grids x dema 12 Please select grids on the left side whose demo 11 legend should be unified demo _10 demo_4 demo_s demo demo_B demo demo_4 demo_3 demo 2 PEFPITEET PEITEL PPRTTETER ununnnnnmnnnnnnnnnnn unnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnunmnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn Choose the theme whose legend will be used for the selected grids rainstorm dem mannin a demo 5 T OF Cancel First in the left list select the FloodArea layers which should have the same legend then select in the right selection box the raster layer with the desired symbology to be used as a template for all others Create shape of flow direction By using this menu option one can generate a shape showing the direction of flow To create such a shape you have to select two grids one representing flow direction and one representing discharge or velocity These grids can be produced during the model run by checking this option in the additional settings The grids can be loaded from disk if they are not already loaded in the current data frame 22 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ x amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas gt 4 fa_veli3 Ae HH OH Flow di
19. ame directory OD tmipsfloodarea output 4 nirriatl Raster layers to be included in an animation are managed in List A Here layers can be moved buttons B added or deleted buttons C Specify JPG quality and resolution and AVI speed in fields D The list will only contain FloodArea layers Other layers in the data frame will be displayed according to their visibility status automatically Thus if you want a particular background switch off or on the layers you need In field E the output directory for the images and movies can be defined With button F the option to include the simulation time of each individual raster layer in the image or movie is given The time will taken from the metadata associated with each grid If a movie is produced this option will cerate the effect of a clock Pressing button G will start the creation of JPG images without producing an avi movie ee Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K QEOME D mamsnenensnan u de Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Pressing button H must be clicked for starting the creation of an an mated movie It can only be activated if the jpg images already exist Various compression options can be chosen in the following dialog in german only Y deokomprimierung ae F omprimnierer Uk Abbrechen Fomprimlerungsgualit t 65 Konfigurieren Ei E Bi mn x ok __ Abbrechen K
20. are is permitted 6 The right of use does not include the right beyond the scope defined in 2 Clause 5 to copy the licensed software completely or in part transfer or pass it on to third parties disseminate it in any other way or grant licenses or sub licenses to it Third parties within the meaning of this Agreement are persons not employed by the licensee 3 Rights of Ownership and Secrecy 1 The rights to the licensed software including the licensed software modified or copied by the licensee remain with the holder of the right mentioned in the licensed software 2 The copyright notes made by the holder of the right and contained in the delivered version of the machine readable licensed software and its data carriers should be attached by the licensee to all copies of the machine readable licensed software and its data carriers 3 The licensor copyright owner must be mentioned in all reports and publications concerning the application of the licensed software 4 The licensee shall not make available the licensed software including the copies made of it to third parties for an unrestricted length of time unless they are using the licensed software at the licensee s premises The licensee undertakes to make his her employees who are granted access to the licensed software aware of these terms and to put them under the same obligation as he she is personally subject to 5 The licensee shall delete any licensed software contained
21. arriers fail making dike break scenarios possible To adapt the flow velocities to real world conditions the user can specify roughness values Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ P amp Ressourcenmanagement ZEISLER BLANK BIN geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r 4 gt f de Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Installing and Loading FloodArea Installing and Loading FloodArea System Requirements Minimum requirements are ArcGIS ArcView 9 or higher and the Spatial Analyst extension a Pentium processor with Windows NT 4 0 2000 or XP and 128 MB RAM Recommended are 256 MB RAM and 100 MB free disk space The maximum Grid size for FloodArea depends on free memory Increasing the virtual memory is not an option because disk swapping will reduce proc essing speed tremendously Disk space requirements depend directly on the number of intermediate simula tion Grids Installation The Installation of FloodArea will be accomplished by using the install setup program If the autorun option is switched off you can start the installation by running floodarea_setup exe For de installing FloodArea please use the function provided by the operating system Demo data and ArcMap project The installation procedure will copy an ArcMap document mxd file with associated data and also this manual to the selected installation directory path Please read additional explanations in chapter Demo project on page 35 Activating the FloodAr
22. d upon this assumption the water is being taken out of the model according to the discharge volumes calculated A piling up at the model edges is not possible If the model run is controlled by a hydrograph data file the water volume taken out at the model edges is written to a separate file named out being the name of the hydrograph data file The volume is specified in m since the last meee Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K DR f GEOMEF rereusemensenar r ETFi Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method iteration time step If a high temporal resolution is desired this needs to be accounted for in the hydrograph data file No out file is created for the option water level Since no defined water volume is fed into the model an output hydrograph would be meaningless cee Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K va ae fy jeome Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Er Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Examples Examples Delineation of Flooded Areas Based Upon Flood Marks Quite often historical floods are only registered at individual locations but not to their overall extent The levels taken from these locations can be used to run FloodArea The simulation model uses these points or lines as initialising cells to flood the surrounding terrain Elevation differences are interpolated appropriately in terms
23. e water level elevations can represent relative values above the ground or absolute values e g above sea level Use option D to make your choice Before actually starting the model run the plausibility of the user input is being tested In case of problems the user is given some information about possible erroneous input For example FloodArea checks for missing or wrong specifications in the various input fields It also checks for alignment problems between input Grids Only after successfully testing the plausibility will the continue button be activated and clickable jf Constant elevation continue After clicking the continue button the dialog box Additional Settings will open which will be explained on page 18 1A Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K waageomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fiir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Hydrograph input by single locations Using this option implies that input for a drainage network with associated water level data is not required and can be ignored Water is fed into the model through a hydrograph data file at one or more locations The name of this data file can be entered directly or selected from a file dialog Calculation of flooded area l X Required data Elevation model gelsende Units of elevation model Im map units Im Hydrograph C Flood4reakexamples ganglinie1 bet
24. ea toolbar After installing FloodArea a new toolbar can be activated in the cutomize dialog by clicking Tools Customize and checking the FloodArea option zjx Toolbars Commands Options Toolbars ArcPad A Arcscar Contest Menus Rename C Data Frame Tools C Dimensioning Delete C Disconnected Editing Craw Reset O GPS L Georeferencing Geostatistical Analyst en ek Famille Chose Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ a are Tag amp Ressourcenmanagement ZEISLER BLANK NT EEEE Ai om geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir er Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Installing and Loading FloodArea Registering your license To be able to make full use of FloodArea with your own data you need to register your license You will be asked to do so after any new start of ArcMap until a valid license code is entered z Bitte geben sie Ihre Lizenznummer ein DEMOVERSION If a valid license code is not entered FloodArea can still be used with it s full functionality However t w ll not be possible to work with data other than the data provided with the demo project After entering a val d license code the dialog won t show again The dialog for entering a valid license code can also be activated by using the menu FloodArea Info Info x x Floodarea Flood rea Version 9 1 0 1 c Februar 2005 wi geomer GmbH RUIZ RODRIGUEZ ZEISLER GbR Tool for com
25. elow depicting a ditch which has an inclination lower than the surrounding terrain jo mama a fnejno Io mans aloo sodada po sa 0 ma nano roar ela Slope direction derived by standard GIS Spatial Analyst In the line of the ditch slope values are wrong Slope direction values in the ditch as derived by FloodArea Flow velocity as derived by the formula is multiplied by the flow cross section and the iteration time step in order to get the exchanged water volume between cells for the current iteration The Manning Strickler formula is usually valid only for normal discharge where loss due to friction equals the gain in potential energy In other cases calculated velocities values may be too high To control this the velocity values are checked for the threshold criterion threshold_criterion V g h Together with the volume also the velocity vectors are passed for the next iteration Mean flow velocity is defined as the arithmetic mean of the current 29 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K lt N GEOME rereoenensenan u ETFi Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method velocity calculation and the vector addition By this sudden changes in flow behavior will be minimized and inertia effects rendered in a simplified way The smallest iteration time step is adjusted dynamically An important control criterion for this adjustment is the amount of water a
26. eseeteeeeteeeeeteneeens 34 Limitations Allan eee en RE neenaunaunnannannnannnnnnnnennen 34 Demo Version and Demo Data 220220 2 00na nnnnunnunnn nun nun nun nun 35 Notice ee ee lt r a a 35 Bene _ _ t i i ee 35 SCG ees lt i ee E eae eee 36 Se eee eee i ae 37 PICENSE AQT COTNTCMMMMIIEE ann nannte anna E 38 Copyright geomer GmbH RUIZ RODRIGUEZ ZEISLER GbR 2003 2005 ESRI ArcGIS ArcView SpatialAnalyst are registered trademarks of Enviromental Systems Research Institute Inc Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows NT Windows 2000 Windows XP are registered trademarks of Mircosoft Corporation Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K N GEOME rereronensenan u i oJ Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Preface Preface Floods are natural processes Urbanization and increasing population density as well as a concentration of economic values in flood prone areas have increased the risk in many regions Natural flood plains all over the world are being set tled or and used for industrial purposes Perception of the flood hazard and the associated risks in many cases is low if not inexistent particularly in such areas considered to be safe e g behind dams or levees New planning approaches though try to counteract these developments and create suitable flood protection c
27. informatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r er Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Water level elevation of drainage network Using this model option requires at least the specification of the following layers e a digital elevation model which represents the surface upon which the flow process takes place including its elevation units e a rasterized drainage network containing elevation values of water levels above sea level or above surface Both raster layers can be selected from a list of available layers or loaded from disk Calculation of flooded area Required data Elevation model dem Units of elevation model Im map units Drainage network drainage Im Flooding depth specification of input data Relative elevation Use absolute elevation M Elevation of input drainage network I o2 ne von In addition two fields for specifying elevation units and map units are available Elevation units or the elevation models must be given Elevation units for the drainage network are optional they will be ignored in the case where a calculation is based on a constant flood level e g 1 5 meter above surface poe Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r de Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded
28. lls are interpolated between lines rather than along lines This avoids negative effects like stairs in the resulting DEM Interpolation of a DHM from contours xX Parameters for interpolation Contour grid Breaklines PER Maximum Iterations F Output directory E Strips Calculate Cancel Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Calculate flooded areas This is the core option of FloodArea Use this menu for hydrodynamic model ing of flood areas for given water levels Prerequisites For calculating inundation areas using FloodArea a minimum of two input raster layers are needed e adigital elevation model e araster zed drainage network or points with attached hydrographs or a rainstorm distribution raster with attached hydrograph It is recommended to define the map units in the data frame properties If not set meters will be assumed Please be aware that wrong units will produce wrong flow volumes and velocities and thus will lead to unusable results However map units can be set also later on in the main dialog of FloodArea Calculation of flooded areas Data Frame Properties E x Annotation Groups Estent Rectangles Frame Size and Position General Data Frame Coordinate System INlummat on Grids Map Cache Name Flood4re
29. n geomer Erstelldatum 08 02 2005 09 28 34 Kommentar Demo Eingabedaten Berechnungsmodus Wasserstand Gel ndemodell D tmp floodarea input dhm Einheit Gelandemodell m Karteneinheit m Menii Wasserstand Gew sser D tmp floodarea input wsp_init_cm Einheit Gew sser m Schalter H henwerte des Gew ssernetz true Stauh he 0 02 optional settings Fliesshindernis D tmp floodarea input ltv_deiche_3 Dammdurchbruch D tmp floodarea input breach Fliessrauhigkeit Modifikation Ausgabeeinstellungen Ausgabename D tmp floodarea output demo Tempor res Verzeichnis D tmp floodarea output Speicherintervall 0 00 36 gesamte Simulationsdauer 0 06 00 simulierte Zeit 2 30 30 maximale Austauschmenge in 20 Legende in Klassen false Anzahl der Legendenklassen 5 27 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ age amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K a L has geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method Calculation Method The calculation of inundation areas is based upon a hydrodynamic approach All eight neighbors of a raster cell are considered The discharge volume to the neighboring cells is calculated using the Manning Strickler formula V k hn 7 with r being the hydraulic radius and the gradient For looking up appropriate values of k roughness reference tables can be used which renders the use of this formula more practicable com
30. ngenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Running a simulation This option is available also through the Flood Area button net Start the simulation definition by activating the main dialog Calculation of flooded area Required data Elevation model B Units of elevation model Im map units Drainage network Im Flooding depth specification of input data Relative elevation f Use absolute elevation M Elevation of input drainage network Constant elevation 0 2 continue Cancel optional The user has the choice between three variations of simulation They differ in the way the water is input to the simulation model Using the option Water level elevation of drainage network assumes that flooding is initialized by the entire drainage network meaning from all grid cells other than NoData Water levels can vary spatially but remain temporally constant during the simulation process Using the option Hydrograph input by single cell water enters the model at defined locations This option makes a temporal variation hydrograph of water levels possible see below how to specify hydrograph data The third option Rainstorm areal input is very similar to the second one The difference between the second and the third option is that the water levels of this model are defined by a Grid Press Cancel to abort the model run je Geo
31. nnnnennnnnnne nenn 8 Calculate flooded areas uuu2200222uennenennnnennnnennnnnnnnn nenn nenn nenn nenn nnnnn ernennen 9 PRCTCGUIS OS sosea E a E 9 PUNANG a MO een a E A een 11 Adaditionals etlingo errs ena E e e E ES ER 18 Display simulation info Continue simulation uuuss2220400ee nennen 19 Create display animation uuuss24204000RRnnennnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnennnnnn nen 21 Unity LEGEN ee ee ea aia 22 Create shape of flow direction sss22222240000sennnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnee essen 22 Summarise grid values uussssassssnnnneessnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnennnnn 24 Choose language uuussssn0nnnnnnnnneennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnennnnn 24 WGI APREBEREPRENERPERLROUEFFERUEURERVCTRELERERERFENLEEUESTERTEREFTORBEDRELHEREEELERERDUE a 24 Sc Te r PARBBPRBEREREDERENEBEFEBESEREEREENEBEENEEEREEEEEREEBEREECEELEBEFERFBERBEFBEDEEENEHPREELEERER 26 Calculation Method ec ann rear 28 Volume BUG GSU ee ee een 31 DaF UU gt Se EN E E E E EEN EEEE 31 Consideration of Model Edges 222000ss0nn00nnnnnnnenennnnnnnnnnnnnnne nennen 32 EXAIMDIES si secc sees ces sense a iian aaiae Paa sioaren sieves 34 Delineation of Flooded Areas Based Upon Flood Marks 34 Dam Failure SCCN QQ 0 MRR cc ccccceeseesesseveeseuenseusnsevenseveneasss 34 Controlled Outlet of Flood Control Basins ccccceeeceee
32. on any agreed hardware or other hardware or data carriers prior to giving it away or disposing of it 4 Performance 1 geomer fulfills its obligations to deliver the goods by handing over the data carriers with the machine readable licensed software and if available the printed licensed software 2 On dispatch the risk passes to the licensee when the goods are transferred to the first carrier 5 Warranty 1 When delivering the licensed software to the licensee it is warranted that the programs have been thoroughly checked prior to delivery and are in line with the valid program specifications delivered to the licensee However geomer makes no warranty that the licensed software is without flaws for any specific instance of application The responsibility for selecting and using the licensed software for any specific instance of application and the results achieved by it lies solely with the licensee 2 The warranty does not cover defects caused by improper use of the licensed software 6 Liability 1 geomer is liable for damage caused by lack of specifications they have warranted as well as for damage caused willfully or by gross negligence 2 geomer is not liable for damage caused by slight negligence They are however liable for immediate damage caused by slightly negligent breach of significant contractual duties 38 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ p amp Ressourcenmanagement ZE S L E R B LAN K N a l f
33. oncepts In this process the delineation of flood prone areas is a very important first step Additional information in this delineation process is achieved by the calculation of water levels at any given point at different times during a flood event Such information delivers very important basic data for the determination of the risk potential In addition the possibility to simulate the temporal dynamics of the flood event produces important information for disaster management plans FloodArea enables the user to do both types of analysis This manual explains in detail the application of the software Relevant examples are being given The particularities of the computational algorithms are also explained in detail FloodArea is an ArcGIS extension which is completely integrated in the graphical user interface of ArcGIS desktop utilizing Spatial Analyst functionality No details of ArcGIS or Spatial Analyst are explained here The user is assumed to be familiar with the use of ArcGIS in general and ArcMap and Spatial Analyst in particular Reference is given in the respective manuals or via online help FloodArea is a joint product of geomer GmbH Heidelberg Germany and Ingenieurgemeinschaft Ruiz Rodriguez Zeisler Wiesbaden Germany Copyright geomer GmbH RUIZ RODRIGUEZ ZEISLER GbR 2003 2005 ESRI ArcGIS ArcView SpatialAnalyst are registered trademarks of Enviromental Systems Research Institute Inc Windows 95 Windows 98
34. pared to others The quality of simulation results depends very much on using appropriate roughness values since flow velocity is linearly related to roughness The flow depth during an iteration interval is taken from the difference between water level and maximum terrain elevation along the flow path flow _ depth water _ level max elevation elevation The inclination and the direction of the water table is re calculated in every iteration step and the steepest slope used as the inclination in the Manning Strickler formula aspect 270 a atan E 4 2m In cases of linear elements with a width of just one raster cell this method will fail because the steepest slope may be perpendicular to the actual direction of flow This is the case when the inclination of the river bed e g in a small ditch is lower than the surrounding topography To avoid such errors slope calculations are internally tested for their plausibility by comparing the elevation of the central raster cell to the elevation cell of the slope direction aspect If the difference is exceeding a certain threshold inclination is re calculated by comparing it with the lowest neighboring cell 28 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ 4 amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K D has geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method For illustration purposes examine the simplified elevation model shown b
35. puting flooded areas Available Memory A Licence Number smooth drainage network Generate terrain model from contours RUIZ RODRIGUEZ ZEISLER Calculate flooded area INGENIEURGEMEINSCHAFT F R z r gt WASSERBAU UND WASSERWIRTSCHAFT Display simulation info Continue simulation Haselstra e 9 ee u HERD EEE EHE en ae Se 5 D 65191 Wiesbaden Bierstadt ae gt a af a Tel 0611 1899373 Create display animation 12 nn Td Fax 0611 1899373 Email ee de Email info rrz gbr de Unify legend Internet www geomer de ae Summarise Grid values Create shape of flow direction Choose language Ayerfahl der Sprache scl Info Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ 0 5 amp Ressourcenmanagement ZE S L E R B LA N K j FE geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Using FloodArea Using FloodArea The FloodArea Main Menu After loading the FloodArea its toolbar can be used just like any other toolbar The available sub menus are shown in the figure below The most important entry Calculate flooded area is accessible also by the FloodArea button x new FloodArea button Floodarea T Available Memory Smooth drainage network Generate terrain model from contours Calculate fooded area Display simulation info Continue simulation new toolbar a Create display animation Unify legend Summarise Grid values Create shape of flow direction Choose language
36. rapidly changing flow direction it is best to output several situations zo Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r ET Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Summarise grid values All values of the active grid theme are being summed up using this function Given the case that for instance the flooding depth is given and horizontal and vertical units are identical the present total volume of water is put out Thus reliable volume balancing can be realized sum of all cells in a grid x input raster demo_13 Dii 1 195463E 08 Choose language FloodArea offers the possibility to choose the language used for the dialogs the help texts and the messages displayed during the model run Currently available are German English and Spanish the default is German Use OK to switch to the chosen language You do not have to restart the program or reload the extension sprache Language Eliga el idioma x Please select prefered language Bitte Wahlen Ste die gewunechte Sprache aus Por favor seleccione la lengue preferida F E nglist z C Deutsch rmm f Espa ol E i 0 Fran aise Ca Info Use the Info button to display the version number license number and service addresses DA Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ 7 amp Ressourcenmanagement Ds ZE S L E R x B LA N K 2 geomer Ingenie
37. ration time step Thus the value has influence on the simulation speed If values are high a wave instability can be the result which will not stop the model but may produce undesirable results Values between 10 and 30 have proven to be good choices In order to save information about the GRIDs produced by model runs FloodArea makes use of the metadata concept of ArcGIS Some of the metadata will be saved automatically e g the simulation period other information can be specified by the user There is the possibility to give an author name in field H and a comment in field I Metadata will be explained in detail later in this manual In this section ArcMap specific legend options for the output raster layers can be specified NODATA values are set transparent by default Choose between a classified or continuous smooth legend in option J and select a color ramp in J If a classified legend is chosen the number of classes can be given in field K Display simulation info Continue simulation With this dialog you can display information about previous model runs or con tinue a previous simulation run The latter option is only available if model input was done using a drainage network grid Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K N GEOME iserisosnsnscran u de Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas 2 The information is shown either for a grid layer present in
38. rection Flow direction diia Discharge TELL 5 he Output directory D xtmp floodareskautput2 ta Mame of output Shape flowdirection Calculate Cancel If the arrows showing the direction are displayed too large or small this may be caused by the missing or wrong unit input within the Layer properties Please refer to your ArcMap manual The arrows are set to scale 1 1000 to fit to the demo data FloodAreaDemoProject mxd ArcMap ArcInfo File Edit view Insert Selection Tools Window Help Deua t B xlo s aje dlean Far a Ei A ae mp 100 z ml Er I Spatial Analyst v Layer fa_vell0 in Flogdarea wu a DISE S 7 x SNEEOTELLE3N DE E Flowdirection GRID_COD_1 re lt 1 1 lt x lt 2 4 2 lt x lt 3 4 3 lt x lt 4 gt 4 U fa_velio Yalue High 2 55213 Low 0 004538 a 0O fa_dirio Value High 348 75 Low 11 25 E test5 Yalue p 146 597 Low 89 71 E test4 Value High 146 597 Low 89 71 E test3 Drawing kO AIO A Z I Arial ap Aaryan ar rir 265 80 211 95 Unknown Units 2 For presenting the flow direction 16 directions can be shown according to the internal relation of raster cells in FloodArea This will produce a uniform flow direction picture It must be considered that flow directions are snapshots of a dynamic process Particularly in terrain with
39. s for the option Rainstorm Areal Input see page 16 Two hydrographs representing an artificial hydrographl txt and a natural hydrograph hydrograph2 txt 35 RUIZ RODRIGUEZ F 2 amp Ressourcenmanagement gt ZEISLER BLANK fi Pas geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft References References Assmann A 2005 Simulation von berflutungsfl chen und Deichbr chen auf der Grundlage von Rasterdaten In Wittmann J und Xuan Thinh N Hrsg 2005 Simulation in den Umwelt und Geowissenschaften S 109 116 Assmann A amp Jager S 2003 GIS Einsatz im Hochwassermanagment In Strobl J Blaschke T amp Griesebner G Hrsg 2003 Angewandte Geographische Informationsverarbeitung XV Beitrdge zum AGIT Symposium Salzburg 2003 S 7 14 Assmann A 2003 GIS Einsatz be der Planung des dezentraler Hochwasserschutzma nahmen arcaktuell 1 2003 28 29 Assmann A amp E Ruiz Rodriguez 2002 Modellierung im GIS Erfahrungen beim Einsatz eines rasterbasierten Modells f r Uberschwemmungssimulationen GeoBIT 7 2002 14 16 Disse M Kamrath P Wilhelmi J und K ngeter J 2003 Simulation des Hochwasserwellenablaufes und der Ausbreitung von Uberflutungsflachen unter Ber cksichtigung von Deichbriichen Wasserwirtschaft 5 2003 24 29 Disse M amp Assmann A 2003 Bestimmung der berflutungsfl chen infolge von Deichbriichen mit GIS basierten Werkze
40. sum of the cell values of the weight grid You also can make this correction by manipulation the weight grid for example if you use 10 cells for input apply to all of them a value of 0 1 Additional settings All simulation methods will be controlled by additional settings The dialog for these will be activated after clicking the continue button calculation of flooded area additional settings x Output options Metadata Directory for temporar data Author geomer D Strip sfloodareaoutpute comment Directory and namels of output Grids Model 1 hazard map D tmp floadarea toutput2 madelt a p ft as absolute elevation Legend Saving intervall in tine steps 1 f smooth legend classitied legend Number of legend classes 12 1 00 00 without nodata Output of flow direction Calculation options Colour palette OO Blue Light to Dark Simulation period time steps Calculate Cancel Maximum of Exchange rate in ed LetLed Led el bed LI Output options Use this dialog to specify a directory field A for the temporary GRIDs produced during the model run Also use this dialog to specify a name for the output GRIDs in field B The name will be completed automatically by a sequence number i e the first grid will be named floodareal the second floodarea2 etc Please be aware that already existing GRIDs with identical names will be overwritten without further warning s16
41. the active view or for a grid stored on disk In the input section the specifications made for producing the GRIDs will be displayed In the output section specifications made in the additional setting see above are shown Some notes for explanation true means that a specific option was set In case of a continued simulation the specified simulation duration see addi tional settings is added to the already passed simulation time for that particular grid If a calculation is continued the program itself is searching for the correct time step in the hydrograph files The simulation parameters can be changed to continue a simulation with differ ent settings 20 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ R amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K awaageomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fiir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculate flooded areas Create display animation Using this option a better visualization of model simulations can be achieved than using ArcMap A series of JPG images and an additional animation in AVI format can be produced with FloodArea Animation x verf gbare Floodarea Layer seleklierte Layer demo_1 demp Select all demo_3 demo _4 demo_5 demo 6 demo_y demo_8 fa demo _9 demo_10 emo u os demo_11 a gt demo_1 emove all FE G options Resolution dpi Quality 0 ta 100 Frames per second DIEBSBE Lancel Ss Output n
42. ugen Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung 47 H 6 228 233 Disse M Gritz D amp M Hammer 2002 Auswirkungen von Deichbr chen auf den Wellenablauf und die betroffenen berflutungsfl chen am Beispiel des Niederrheins 3 Forum Katastrophenvorsorge Disse M Hammer M amp J Wilhelmi 2003 Quantifizierung der Hochwassergef hrdung f r die Rheinanlieger unter Ber cksichtigung von Deichversagen 4 Forum Katastrophenvorsorge Disse M Hammer M Merz B Thieken A amp G Bl schl Vorsorgender Hochwasserschutz im Rheingebiet welchen Beitrag leistet das DFNK Ergebnisse aus dem Deutschen Forschungsnetz Naturkatastrophen J ger S 2002 Ein neuer Rheinatlas Hydrodynamische Modellierung f r eine bessere Hochwasservorsorge arcaktuell 2 2002 38 39 Gemmer M 2003 GIS RS Based Flood Risk Mapping for the Eastern Honghu Flood Diversion Area Journal of Lake Sciences 15 166 172 Gemmer M 2003 Transferability of European Flood Impact Estimation Techniques to the Yangtze River Catchment and Possible Adaptations Journal of Lake Sciences 15 173 183 Ruiz Rodriguez E Zeisler P amp A Assmann 2003 GIS Einsatz zur Gefahrenabwehr im Hochwasserfall Hochwasserschutz und Katastrophen managment 4 03 28 30 236 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ 4 amp Ressourcenmanagement ZEISLER BLANK Has geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Support
43. uld a provision of these General Terms of Business be or become null and void or anything be lacking the validity of the remainder of the provisions remains unaffected The parties to the Agreement agree to replace the invalid provision or make good the lack by means of a valid regulation which meets the economically desired purpose of the invalid provision as ideally as possible Heidelberg April 2005 geomer GmbH 39
44. umptions may produce errors in the overall budget Time steps need not be regular The program interpolates linearly between the specified time steps If simulation time see Additional settings is reached before all hydrograph data are processed the model stops The hydrographs input locations are specified by the input coordinates The hydrographs are assigned to the input coordinates of the digitizing tool in the same order as the columns of the input file Note that the numbering of the coordinates starts with 0 If either the column or the input coordinate is missing the corresponding input will be neglected The input coordinate at which water is fed to the model are specified either by entering the easting and northing values directly in the respective fields or by using the digitizing tool This tool is activated as soon as the user is typing in one of the fields The cursor symbol will change to a cross and the message Digitizing active will appear in red color A maximum of 50 coordinates can be digitized using the option add new Each coordinate must have one column in the hydrograph file The correct center of the raster cell will be in proper alignment with the elevation model The digitizing mode will be disabled as soon as a different tool will be activated by the user The amount of water leaving the model area at its edges is summed up for each time step of the hydrograph input file and written to an external file
45. urgemeinschaft f r Calculate flooded areas Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft CH F Dr DI a A RUIZ RODRIGUES 05 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ P amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K BIN geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r de Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Metadata managment Metadata managment FloodArea makes use of the metadata concept of ArcGIS for storing information about utilized input data and produced model results The XML definitions of the ISO standard have been extended with specific FloodArea elements In order to view the metadata produced by FloodArea just select the FloodArea stylesheet in ArcCatalog N ArcCatalog ArcInfo Ch tmp fa_d File Edit View Go Tools Window Help a G3 fs amp Su BE Location C tmp fa_dir10 Stylesheet FGDC ESRI FGDC i FGDC Classic IL ss FGDC ESRI H arc DERT Ba Ba Se i C ES lt n Pantera ester ener ENGE a fey 150 Geography Network E NHI rml Additional Metadata produced or edited with standard ArcCatalog tools can still be added without loosing any of the Metadata produced by FloodArea 96 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ k amp Ressourcenmanagement D Z E S L E R x B LA N K geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r er Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Metadata managment aan ao E amp a 1 0 demo101 allgemeine Informationen Datentyp raster digital data Erstellt vo
46. vailable If the discharge rates become too large compared with the available volume the iteration time step will be reduced Only water level changes exceeding 1mm are considered by that control mechanism If the volumes exchanged between cells are very small the algorithm will increase the iteration time step This permanent optimization keeps processing time at a minimum calculation of At start calculation of V extension of At V max threshold calculation of A water level reduction of At 30 Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ aa amp Ressourcenmanagement Z E S L E R B LA N K I IEP has geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft fir Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Calculation Method Volume Budget At the end of each iteration the computed discharge volumes are shifted between cells thus no volume can be lost To feed water to the model the three options e drainage network or e hydrograph e rain storm are available Using the first option the algorithm sets all cells of the initializing network back to their original values after each iteration Using the second option the amount of water fed to the model is defined by the hydrograph The amount of water taken out from the model is specified by selecting an output location Using the rain storm option pours water over the terrain with a temporal distribution defined by a file Spatially the distribution is defined by a GRID representing the portion at
47. which the resulting drainage will be intersected As Drainage network listbox B a drainage network with elevation data must be chosen Minimum slope textbox D specifies the minimum gradient in units of the elevations of the drainage network itself The smallest acceptable value is 0 001 The Ratio of minimum maximum curve textbox E defines how the two created curves are being intersected The value must be chosen according to the errors assumed for the elevation grid If for example the elevation model contains erroneous flow barriers near drainage lines produced by vegetation or bridges it would make sense to cut only those elevations and use the minimum curve If elevation errors are distributed irregularly use a 1 1 ratio to preserve the characteristic features of the drainage vector profile The resulting Grid will always be named Smoothing It will be saved in the selected directory textbox C as a rasterized drainage network with elevation values Click on Calculate to start Geoinformatik RUIZ RODRIGUEZ aes Ya amp Ressourcenmanagement ZE S L E R B LA N K Fisz b ZEISLER BLANK 9A geomer Ingenieurgemeinschaft f r a Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft Using FloodArea Generate terrain model from contours Use this function to create a digital elevation raster from rasterized contour lines The approach on FloodArea differs from the standard interpolation routines provided by Spatial Analyst Values for raster ce
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search
FloodArea floodarea handbuch floodarea software