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Calibrate Version 2.1 User Guide

1. tOn j Ramp Signal duration Total Duration B 2 Pulse Example The following example pulse calibration is a single pulse signal on a Trillium 40 The frequency range for the calibration is from 0 001 Hz to just below the Nyquist frequency of 1 Hz B 2 1 Signal Characteristics for a Pulse Calibration Name Pulse Wi Amp OffsetAmp UnitsRamp tOn s Duration Time Un tOff s Decim Nft Sampl Pulse1 1500 0 0 15 0 0 Volts 0 0 80 0 4500 0 Seconds 0 0 50 2000 100 B 2 2 Plot Setup for a Pulse Calibration The nominals in the plot are the published Trillium 120 nominals l Data for Selected Plot Plot Title Pulse Response Plot p Definition Channel Source Series Title PulseDef BHZ Nominal Plot Type Frequency Y PulseDef BHZ Meas Response IPulseDef BHZ Fitted Response act E PulseDef BHN Meas Response Plot Units Velocity Counts m s a PulseDef BHN Fitted Response PulseDef BHE Meas Response PNG PulseDef BHE Fitted Response PS Prntr New Delete Move Up Move Down Deviation From Nominals Deviation Source Usu X Deviation Definition Channel Source Series Title 1 Cancel Apply OK Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 37 of 47 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 2 3
2. Def2 Z Nom O Det2 2 TFE L1pet2 N TFE Det2 E TFE Def2 N Fit Def2 2 Fit 7 Def2 E Fit X 10 Frequency Hz Sources Def2 Z Nom O Det2 2 TFE L1pet2 N TFE Det2 E TFE Def2 N Fit Def2 2 Fit Def2 E Fit Phase degrees D 0 001 0 01 0 1 1 10 100 1000 Frequency Hz Import Add Edit Print Save PNG Refresh Broadcast Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 18 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 9 2 Viewing the Results of Previous Calibrations You can view the results of previous calibrations and use them in current calibrations 1 2 3 Click the Run tab and click Import Select a calibration status file calstat from a previous calibration Select a plot to view it in the lower pane Note You can edit the imported plot definition by double clicking the plot definition in the Edit Plot Records window or by selecting the plot definition in the Edit Plot Records window and clicking Edit 2 1 9 3 Plotting Results Once the analysis has completed plots are created according to the associated plot definitions You can view the results on the Results tab output them as png or ps files or send them directly to a printer New plots can be created after the calibrations have been run as well 1 2 Run a calibration with existing plot definitions Click the Results tab and select one of
3. Note The amplitude declines with frequency to prevent clipping You should experiment to ensure that the amplitude of each signal does not result in clipping Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 35 of 47 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 1 2 Plot Setup for a Sine Wave Calibration The nominals in the plot are the published Trillium 120 nominals A Edit Plot Sources Plot Title Sinewave Plot Definition Channel J Source Series Title in ive Def lominal Sw Response Plot Units Velocity Countskmis v Sw Response C Deviation From Nominals Use Deviation Definition Series Title B 1 3 Results for a Sine Wave Calibration Nanometrics Calibration GUI_calibration_200804051148 calstat EXA Choose Plot Sinewave Plot Sources Sinewave Def Z Nom Sinewave Det Z SW Sinewave Def E SW Magnitude dB wrt 1 count m s we 0 1 Frequency Hz Sources Sinewave Def 2 Nom Sinewave Det Z SW Sinewave Def E SW Phase degrees 0 1 10 100 Frequency Hz ma Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 36 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 1 4 Signal Response for a Sine Wave Calibration Figure B 1 A typical sensor response to a calibration sine wave signal Signal Response A E tStart Ramp tOff
4. For information on how to correctly configure the digitizer for your sensor see the user guide for the digitizer For full characterization of sensor responses it will often be necessary to temporarily increase the digitizer sample rate to obtain good sine wave calibration results or to fit poles and zeros to PRB data at high frequency Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Ed Chapter 1 Getting Started Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 12 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate This chapter provides information on how to run Calibrate You can run calibrations from the user interface via a command line and via email with AutoDRM 2 1 Running Calibrate 2 1 1 Starting Calibrate You can run calibrations using the Calibrate user interface or through a command line interface CLI For more information on how to run calibrations using a CLI see Table 2 1 CLI Commands on page 20 To start Calibrate b Double click the calgui bat file located in nmx user or on your desktop OR Type calgui at the command prompt in the working directory nmx user NoteDataServer and NAQSServer have to be installed and running simultaneously to run Calibrate 2 1 2 Creating New Calibration Definitions gt Open Calibrate and click New in the Calibration Definitions pane The Define window is made up of two panes the Calibration Definitions pane is the upper pane You can delete
5. tOn ramp up to their requested amplitude for a period of time Ramp duration for SW only output at their requested amplitude for a period of time Duration and then ramp down Ramp duration for SW only There can then be a period of time defined tOff during which the next calibration is not allowed to start Calibrate logs the commands it issues as well as warnings errors attempts to calibrate an instrument and the username requesting the calibration These are output to a 10g file as defined by the LogDir parameter in the Calibration ini file see Section 1 4 1 on page 8 Calibration Cycle A typical calibration cycle includes up to five stages for each defined calibration sequence scheduling data collection analysis output and plotting and broadcasting Execution of the sequence is halted if any of these stages results in an error The calibration status file calstat is updated at the beginning of each stage and at any time an error occurs The halting of one calibration sequence due to errors will not affect other sequence cycles You can cancel calibrations during execution Cancelling a calibration stops calibration signal output from the digitizer if still running there and stops any further data collection analysis plotting or broadcasting Scheduling The calibration sequences are loaded and the requested signals are scheduled appropriately when Calibrate starts Signals are scheduled in the order in which they w
6. 1 1 Example Calibration ini File 2 8 141 2 Into taco iae ome eror Sr eter etc ob E aer odes n x E an 8 1 4 1 8 Controls nro news DERE EER tg uA EROR Rn ek RE DR EER a 10 1 4 2 Editing the Naqs stn File a AAA SA AA AA eee 10 1 4 8 Editing the Dataserver ini File llle 11 1 4 4 Editing Nominal Values eee 11 1 4 5 Other Digitizer Parameters eh 11 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 Running Calibrate llli 13 21 1 Starting Calibrate 2 28 eem e bp dl be bee ED apre 13 2 1 2 Creating New Calibration Definitions lille 13 2 1 3 Opening Existing Calibration Definitions 13 2 1 4 Saving Calibration Definitions liliis 13 2 1 5 Editing Calibration Definitions llle II 14 2 1 6 Creating New Plot Definitions I 15 2 1 7 Editing Plot Definitions llle IMS 15 2 1 8 Running Calibrations EE Ge ee ee ee ee ee ee ee kaka 17 2 1 8 1 Cancelling Calibrations 0 00 ete eee 17 2 1 8 2 Stopping Calibrations L 17 2 1 9 Viewing Analysis Results EE EE EE rh 18 2 1 9 1 Viewing the Results of Current Calibrations 18 2 1 9 2 Viewing the Results of Previous Calibrations 19 2 193 Plotting Result ekz ra Oe Se dence mox cx s RR o Ro gans 19 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 20
7. 10 Appendix A Input Files A 2 4 Editing Nominal Response Files You can use any text editor to edit existing nominal response files When editing an existing file you can change the following Response units You can specify Acceleration Counts m s 2 Velocity Counts m s or Displacement Counts m as the response units Normalization frequency The normalization frequency is the same as the sensitivity frequency stated in the sensor user guide For example the sensitivity frequency is 1 Hz for Trillium digitizers Number of poles Values for poles These values can be found in the Sensor user guide or can be taken from a previous calibration A complex pole must have its complex conjugate in the list as a separate line Number of zeros e Values for zeros These values can be found in the Sensor user guide or can be taken from a previous calibration A complex pole must have its complex conjugate in the list as a separate line Note If you only want to perform high frequency calibrations you should remove the poles and zeros below the sensitivity frequency for the sensor If you only want to perform low frequency calibrations you should remove the poles and zeros above the sensitivity frequency for the sensor Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 34 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix B Calibration Examples The following calibration examples are for Nanometrics Trillium 40 sensors using a T
8. 2008 04 10 DO Chapter 1 Getting Started Figure 1 1 The interoperability of Calibrate with other Nanometrics software applications Sensor Digitizer Station n Station 1 UDP Sensor Digitizer NAQS Server NAQSServer PC Calibrate and DataServer subscriptions TCP Calibrate GUI DataServer j I Broadcast UDP 4d NmxToCSS3 NAQS Datastreams subscriptions TCP A H NmxToCD1 1 ad Remote PC SSH Calibrate GUI Calibrate SSH and Calibrate CLI AutoDRM Email r3 Calibrate Dos Email l Broadcast UDP In order for Calibrate to perform sensor calibrations you must define various parameters that instruct Calibrate what input signal to use for the calibration This information is saved in a calibration definition file calde f and then the calibration can be started Calibrate will then proceed until the appropriate output command completed response calculated plots generated is available Defining a calibration set in the user interface consists of defining the calibration sequences to be run specifying analysis and plotting options and saving these definitions to a calibration definition file caldef A caldef file can define a simple single instrument calibration or can include multiple calibrations to calibrate multiple instruments Cal
9. Enter the name of a station as defined in the Naqs st n file 4 If NAQSServer is running select one or more channels from the list OR If NAQSServer is not running enter one or more channels Use commas to separate multiple channels 5 Select Absolute as the start time for the calibration from the list and enter the date YYYY MM DD and time hh mm ss in the Date and Time boxes OR Select Relative as the start time and select an option from the After list The option None sets start time relative to the current time plus Delay If there are other calibration definitions you can select a start time relative to an existing calibration definition 6 Click New to add a new signal 7 Define the characteristics for the signal by clicking in the cells and entering or selecting values xj Name Freq Hz Amp oftsetlamp UnitsRamp l tOn s Duration Time Uni tof s Deci Nm Sample Name Defl sw10Hz 10 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 300 0 2 2000 500 ij sw20Hz 20 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 500 sw5Hz 5 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 300 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 Station EU429 mA sw2Hz 2 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 sw1Hz 1 0 3 _0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 di sw0 5Hz 0 5 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 4 0 Minutes 40 0 2 2000 100 _ BHE sw0 2Hz 0 2 0 4 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 10 0 Minutes 40 0 5 2000 100 Ine BHN sw0 1Hz 0 1 0 2 0 0 Volts
10. actual amplitude is calculated from the fit to the transfer function estimate PRB and Pulse or is a weighted average of points near the frequency of interest for sine wave calculations The phase error calculation is abs nominal phase actual phase 360 100 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 42 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix C Output Files C 3 Poles and Zeros Files A least squares fit to the coherent transfer function estimate is made for pseudo random binary PRB and pulse calibrations The poles and zeros that comprise this fit are written toa paz file in the output directory One paz file is generated for each channel in the calibration NoteCalibrate also uses different pa z files as input files These paz files have a different file name and are stored in a different directory For more information on these input paz files see Nominal Response Files on page 32 C 3 1 PAZ File Name Format The PAZ file is a text file with the following file name format e StationName Channel current date and time fap C 3 2 PAZ File Example The following example shows a paz file for the example PRB calibration shown in B 3 on page 39 Hz CHI HR HR A A MARA CHE GHI CHE 3 Calibration data for EU429 BHE Trillium Auto generated by Nanometrics Calibration Software Date Apr 4 2008 Response units Velocity Counts m s Poles and Zeros units rad s source sn description type
11. maximum calibration amplitude is 50000 um s This limitation is enforced by the user interface Negative amplitudes are allowed This means that the signal starts with a negative slope 3 2 2 4 Offset This parameter should generally be set to zero when calibrating seismometers because seismometers have zero sensitivity at zero frequency anyway When calibrating accelerometers this parameter can be used to apply or cancel an offset during calibration An offset will reduce the maximum possible amplitude 3 2 2 5 On and Off Times The purpose of the On time parameter is to allow the sensor to settle after enabling the calibration circuit Because of slight differences in potential between the digitizer and sensor grounds enabling the calibration circuit causes an impulse response of indeterminate magnitude to appear at the output of the sensor Therefore the on time parameter should always be set as 3x the sensor time constant to allow this transient time to settle The same is true for the off time parameter but because the transient happens after the period of time that is analyzed has finished it can typically be set to a small value such as 1 s 3 2 2 6 Ramp Time The purpose of the Ramp time parameter is similar to the On and Off time parameters but it is only useful for sine wave calibration If a sine wave were to start at full amplitude the sensor would see a sudden change in the average signal and a large transient would resul
12. must be specified for every required frequency point Inorder to get a complete frequency analysis using pseudo random binary sequences 2 PRB signals should be run within the same calibration one for low frequencies and one for high frequencies Calibrations can be started at a specified date and time or be started relative to the current time or another calibration If you plan to make a setup file that you will later reuse it is best to use relative start times Note Calibrations defined for symmetric seismometers that do not support a UVW output mode for example STS 2 must calibrate one axis at a time For more information on the calibration of symmetric triaxial seismometers see Calibration Scenarios on page 25 Many options are available for a calibration but most of the options have default values that will usually not need to be changed Multiple Calibrations Multiple calibrations can be set up on a single instrument Calibrations can be started at a specified date and time for example 3 53PM on April 17 2008 or be started relative to the current time for example start in 5 minutes or another calibration for example start 10 minutes after calibration number 1 has finished Once a setup is defined you can run the calibrations and view the results Caution If the schedule run file exists in the SchedDir directory of the Calibration ini file calibrate will not start Either another instance of Calibrate is
13. or down in the list of definitions These new plot definitions will be saved with the calibration definition 2 1 7 Editing Plot Definitions 1 Click the Define tab and double click a plot definition OR Click the Define tab select a plot definition and click Edit xl Data for Selected Plot Definition Channel uli Source Series Title Plot Title Plot Plot Type Frequency E Plot Units Displacement Counts m Y CI Prntr CI Deviation From Nominals Deviation Source Definition Channel Source Series Title Cancel Apply OK 2 If required enter a new name in the Plot Title box Plots can have the same names but it is recommended that you give each plot a unique name 3 Select Frequency as the plot type from the list and select the plot units from the list OR Select Time as the plot type from the list and select the plot units from the list Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 15 of 47 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 4 If required select the plot output options You also have the option to save the plot as a png file on the Results tab If you want the plot saved as a ps file you have to select that option here 5 If you selected Frequency as the plot type and you want to view the deviation from nominals select the Deviation From Nominals check box The Plot Units automatic
14. running or the previous Calibrate instance exited abnormally To run multiple instances of Calibrate you must use different working directories and have a distinct Calibration ini file that points to a different SchedDir directory Running multiple instances of Calibrate is not recommended Signal Definition The most time consuming part of any sine wave calibration is the characterisation of the low frequency roll off It is important to maximize the information gathered while minimizing the number of calibrations at low frequency Therefore it is our recommendation that one sine wave be done at the lower corner period of the instrument and another at 2x the lower corner period below about a 10s period these two calibrations if done in the presence of sufficiently low background noise should be sufficient to exactly determine the lower corner period and damping of the sensor For example for a Trillium 40 40 s nominal lower corner period sine wave calibrations should be performed at 0 025 Hz and 0 0125 Hz Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 27 of 47 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses Athigher frequencies three sine wave calibrations per decade of interest will generally be sufficient to characterise the instrument For almost all instruments a good set of frequencies would be as follows 1 2 5 10 20 and 50 Hz If the upper corner of the instrument is known to be at a particular fre
15. state of the sensor control lines should be set to put the sensor in horizontal vertical XYZ output mode and long period mode The configuration required to put the sensor into the correct default state should be determined from the sensor user guide and the cable drawing which tells you which control line is connected to which input Some example default settings are listed in Table 3 1 Table 3 1 Example Sensor Control Line Level Defaults Sensor Line1 Line2 Line 3 Cable Drawing Trillium 40 High High Not Used 16169R1 Trillium 120P 240 Low Low Not Used 16169R1 CMG3 High High Not Used 13683R5 STS 2 Low Low Low 12883R5 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 24 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 3 1 4 Calibration Scenarios Some triaxial sensors consist internally of axes that are aligned in different directions UVW than the output signals XYZ These sensors apply a transformation matrix to convert the UVW signals to the equivalent XYZ outputs This has implications for calibration Calibration signals can only be applied to the UVW axes however the signals available for analysis XYZ contain components of each Therefore to independently evaluate each axis only one mass may be calibrated at a time Some symmetric triaxial sensors for example the Trillium family offer a UVW output mode that allows direct analysis of the UVW signals In this case the UVW axes may b
16. the lower corner period and damping of a seismometer is to do a rising and falling step response by setting the pulse width and duration to 5 to 10 times and 10 to 20 times the sensor time constant respectively 3 2 2 8 Amplitude and Units Amplitude is the zero to peak signal level change Regardless of the amplitude units chosen the general procedure for selecting a calibration amplitude is the same First determine the amplitude that causes the system sensor or digitizer to clip by running one or more trial calibrations Then reduce the amplitude to approximately 5096 of the clip level when running the calibration At low frequency the system clip level is limited by the sensor For sine waves amplitudes of displacement velocity and acceleration are related by the following formula lx fl CIN ll Therefore if the sensor clip level is 15 mm s then at 0 1 Hz this is equivalent to 9420 m s and as little as 942 m s at 0 01 Hz Since Calibrate does not know the sensor or digitizer clip level this clip level is not enforced by the user interface and you have to be aware of this when selecting amplitudes Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 28 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses At high frequency the amplitude is limited by the digitizer calibration output maximum voltage of 5 V or maximum output current of 35 mA If the sensor calibration sensitivity is 100 V m s then the
17. the system It contains the parameters described in Table 1 1 8 of 47 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started Table 1 1 Interface Section Parameters Parameter Default Value Description UnverifiedBroadcastGroup 230 0 0 1 The group ID for unverified unsigned AutoDRM messages in dotted decimal format n n n n Valid values a multicast IP address as stated in AutoDRM ini file at nmx user UnverifiedBroadcastPort 4504 The unsecured port for AutoDRM messages Valid values an available port number as stated in AutoDRM ini BroadcastGroup 230 0 0 2 The multicast address for updated calibration data broadcasts to listening components such as NmxToCD1 1 and NmxToCSS3 Valid value a multicast IP address as specified in each listening component Nnx ToCD1 ini or NmxToCD11 ini file at nmx user BroadcastPort 4505 The port for updated calibration data broadcasts to listening components such as NmxToCD1 1 and NmxToCSS3 Valid value a port number as also specified in each listening component NnxToCD1 ini or NmxToCD11 ini file DataHost localhost The IP address or host name of DataServer Valid values Host name if DataServer is running on the same computer as Calibrate and IP address if DataServer is running on a network computer DataPort 28002 The port on which DataServer listens for clie
18. 08 04 10 15155R5 Contents 2 1 9 4 Broadcasting the Results EE EE Ee EE eh 19 2 1 10 Reanalvzing the Results 0 0 cee Ee ee ee ee eh 20 2 2 Running Calibrations Remotely Using the CLI 20 2 3 Running Calibrations via Email with AutoDRM LL 21 2 4 Monitoring the Operation of Calibrate 21 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 9 1 Backgrounds coii eda arta dano ar ili medi cri aaa 23 3 1 1 Frequency Domain Analysis 0 eee 23 3 1 2 Sensor Natural Period liiis 24 3 1 3 Default Sensor State o ooooccocccccconocnr e 24 3 1 4 Calibration Scenarios liliis 25 3 141 XYZ XYZ GCalibrati ns 303 4 bee he eek e xXx Pea Pe ae Ed Rx ER ES E rns 25 3 1 4 2 UVW UVW Calibrations ses tees 25 3 1 4 3 UVW XYZ Calibrations is 0 0 EE EE Ee RII 26 3 1 4 3 1 UVW XYZ Calibration Sensitivitv 0 0 26 3 1 4 3 2 UVW XYZ Calibration Implementation L 26 3 2 Calibration Definition ER EE EE Ee EE Ee RII IIR 27 3 2 1 Multiple Calibrations tenes 27 3 2 2 Signal Definition 27 32 21 PRB Unit Widths send elites FER eed as e dde 28 9 22 2 PUISeWIGINis rs E ERR A A quei b ias 28 3 2 2 3 Amplitude and Units iis EE estada nes 28 S224 OM EE EE Fu RE OE EE a OE EU Er 29 3 2 2 5 On and Off TiMeS 2s eter eek de ka eR eR erue PER ER BE 29 220 Ramp TIME s scott
19. 40 0 40 0 20 0 Minutes 40 0 10 2000 100 j sw0 05Hz 0 05 0 1 0 0 Volts 400 40 0 40 0 Minutes 40 0 20 2000 100 BHZ sw0 02Hz 0 02 0 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 1 0 Hours 40 0 50 2000 100 swO 01Hz 0 01 01 1001 Vots 40 0 400 20 Hours 40 0 100 2000 100 Signal Type Sinewave ka Start Relative Date Time After None zx Delay 00 00 00 0000 New Delete Copy Move Up Move Down Cancel Apply OK Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 14 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate Note Only numeric characters can be entered into the following columns Frequency Offset Amp Units Ramp s tOn s Duration tOff s Nfft and Sample Rate For more theoretical information on defining the characteristics of signals see Signal Definition on page 27 8 If required click the buttons at the bottom of the pane to create a copy of an existing signal delete a signal or move a signal up or down in the list 9 Click Apply to save the changes you made to the calibration definition If Calibrate detects any errors a message will appear with a list of warnings 10 Click OK to close the Define Calibration window 2 1 6 Creating New Plot Definitions gt Open Calibrate and click New in the Plot Definitions pane The Define window is made up of two panes the Plot Definitions pane is the lower pane You can delete copy and edit plot definitions and move them up
20. Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide qi Nanometrics Kanata Ontario Canada O 2004 2008 Nanometrics Inc All Rights Reserved Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide The information in this document has been carefully reviewed and is believed to be reliable for Version 2 0 Nanometrics Inc reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice to improve the reliability and function of the product No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Nanometrics Inc Nanometrics Inc 250 Herzberg Road Kanata Ontario Canada K2K 2A1 Tel 1 613 592 6776 Fax 1 613 592 5929 Email info Onanometrics ca www nanometrics ca Part number 15155R5 Release date 2008 04 10 About This User Guide Document Scope This user guide provides information for users who need to obtain data from or send commands to a Nanometrics data acquisition system and system administrators who need to install configure and maintain Calibrate Chapter 1 Getting Started This chapter provides an overview of the typical operation of Calibrate including how to calibrate sensors locally or from a remote location how to install Calibrate software on your computer and how to configure various input files ini files Chapter 2 Running Calibrate This chapter provides informatio
21. FE pef z Fit L1pet N TFE Def4 N Fit Def1 E TFE Def E Fit Phase degrees EN 0 001 0 01 0 1 1 100 1000 Frequenoy Hz Import Add Edit Print Save PNG Refresh Broadcast B 3 4 Signal Response for a PRB Calibration Figure B 3 A loopback response to a PRB calibration signal with a 0 5 second unit pulse width Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 40 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix C Output Files Appendix C Output Files C 1 C 1 1 C 1 2 Calibrate generates a calibration status file calstat while a calibration is running and it outputs 4 types of results files after the analysis has completed response files fap and paz calibration result files chanResult and binary data files vfile The location of the output files generated is defined by the CalDir parameter in the Calibration ini file The default location is as follows nmx user calib output Calibration Status Files The calibration status file calstat is updated at the beginning of each stage of the calibration scheduling data collection analysis output and plotting and broadcasting and at any time an error occurs It contains the signal definitions status information and any plot definitions created prior to running the calibration The calibration result file chanResult defines the signal definition that the calstat file refers to One calibration status file is generated for each calibration Calibr
22. Ny indows 30 is a good target The duration of analysis of a sine wave excluding the ramp should be at least 30 times the period of the sine wave 3 2 2 8 Decimation Decimation can be used to reduce the overall computation time of analysis by effectively lowering the sample rate and reducing the amount of data to process When decimating the maximum frequency that can be represented in the data set is reduced Therefore when selecting a decimation factor k it is important to ensure that the data is not decimated to the point that frequency content in the band of interest is lost The maximum frequency that can be represented following decimation is simply f Tambi max 2 k Ensure that f is greater than the passband of interest 3 2 2 9 Sample Rate The sample rate parameter if set correctly allows Calibrate to inform you if there will be enough samples after decimation to obtain enough FFT windows for an accurate result The sample rate parameter is informational only It does not force the digitizer to change sample rates during the calibration sequence This must be done manually through the digitizer user interface Note If you are using the Calibrate user interface and the sample rate defined in the signal definition and the sample rate of the digitizer do not match the sample rate defined at the time the signal is about to start then a message will appear and ask you to change the sample rate The signal will be d
23. PRB1 0 02 1 0 0 Volts 10 0 PRB2 50 0 05 00 Volts 10 0 B 3 2 Plot Setup for a PRB Calibration If the nominals for each channel are identical you only need to use one set of nominals as a source for the plot MA Edit Plot Sources Data for Selected Plot Plot Title PRB Response Plot Definition Channel Source Series Title PRB Response BHZ Nominal Plot Type Frequency Y DIPRB Response BHZ Meas Response PRB Response BHZ Fitted Response Pd B PRB Response BHN Meas Response Plot Units Velocity Countsm s ly PRB Response BHN Fitted Response PRB Response BHE Meas Response C PNG PRB Response BHE Fitted Response ops Umm C Deviation From Nominals Deviation Source lien Perahan Definition Channel Source Series Title Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 39 of 47 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 3 3 Results for a PRB Calibration The nominals in the plot are the published Trillium 120 nominals FS Nanometrics Calibration GUI calibration 200804042046 calstat File Help Choose Plot PRB Response Plot Sources pef1 2 Nom Open z TFE Def z Fit O Def1 N TFE Def4 N Fit Def1 E TFE Def E Fit Magnitude dB wrt 1 count m s e e 1 Frequency Hz Sources Def1 Z Nom O Def1 z T
24. Results for a Pulse Calibration PS Nanometrics Calibration GUI calibration 200804052312 calstat File Help Choose Plot Pulse Response Plot e e Sources PulseDef Z Nom O PulseDef 2 TFE PulseDef 2 Fit OpulseDef N TFE so PulseDef N Fit PulseDef E TFE tu PulseDef E Fit Magnitude dB wrt 1 count m s Frequency Hz Sources PulseDef Z Nom O PulseDef 2 TFE PulseDef Z Fit OpuiseDef N TFE PulseDef N Fit PulseDef E TFE 7 PulseDef E Fit Phase degrees 0 01 0 1 Frequency Hz B 2 4 Signal Response for a Pulse Calibration Figure B 2 A typical sensor response to a pulse calibration signal with an input definition end step Sensor Response end calibration start calibration Input Definition tOn Pulse Width toff 8 Calibration duration e Total Duration Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 38 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 3 Pseudo Random Binary PRB Example The following example PRB calibration is a single PRB calibration on a Trillium 40 with two signals B 3 1 Signal Characteristics for a PRB Calibration tOn s Duration Time Uni tOff s Decim NA Sampl 10 60 0 Seconds 0 0 1 2000 500 60 0 7200 0 Seconds 0 0 100 4000 200 Name UnitWidt Amp cesen Units Ramp
25. STS 2 For these types of sensors a calibration on one mass U V or W will affect all three output channels X Y and Z As such Calibrate will enforce the following Only one mass can be calibrated at a time Only the Z channel will be analyzed regardless of which mass is calibrated The Z channel is chosen because a calibration of U V or W on any symmetric triaxial sensor will transfer an equal proportion of the input signal to the Z channel This is because each symmetric axis will have the same vertical component The same is not true for the horizontal axes This can be observed by examining the transformation matrix for the STS 2 Y o 211 EV MERCEDE z 42 42 sa 1 3 1 4 3 1 UVW XYZ Calibration Sensitivity Since the calibration signal in a UVW XYZ calibration is divided between the three outputs X Y and Z the measured amplitude will be scaled by the corresponding transformation matrix coefficient and will be lower than would be expected for XYZ XYZ or UVW UVW calibrations where there is a direct mapping between the input and output channels For example from the STS 2 transformation matrix above we observe that the Z channel component of a calibration on mass U will have the amplitude of the input signal scaled by a factor of E To ensure that the calculated sensitivity broadcast by Calibrate accurately reflects the system sensitivity in XYZ mode the CalCoilConstant parameter in the N
26. Setup for a Pulse Calibration llli 37 B 2 3 Results for a Pulse Calibration liliis 38 B 2 4 Signal Response for a Pulse Calibration 38 B 3 Pseudo Random Binary PRB Example o o occooccccccccoc eae 39 B 3 1 Signal Characteristics for a PRB Calibration 39 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide VI 2008 04 10 15155R5 Contents B 3 2 Plot Setup for a PRB Calibration eee 39 B 3 3 Results for a PRB Calibration 0 0 0 2 ccc tees 40 B 3 4 Signal Response for a PRB Calibration 40 Appendix C Output Files C 1 Calibration Status Files ee ee ee e 41 C 1 1 Calibration Status File Name Format ees 41 C 1 2 Viewing the Results of Previous Calibrations 41 C 2 Frequency Amplitude and Phase files 42 C 2 1 FAP File Name Format ss 42 0 2 2 FAP File Example 224 eo dato ent tala deed DRE ndr ks 42 C 2 3 FAP File Interpretation 00000 42 C 3 Poles and Zeros Files s sa rs EE DERE Ie A REN CERE RE CEA HR PAR 43 C 3 1 PAZ File Name Format rrr 43 6 3 2 PAZ File Example esee RE es en edo ey oun REO awed 4 A 43 C 3 3 PAZ File Interpretation 0 0 ee ss ee ss RII Rh 44 C 4 Calibration Result Files na 44 C 4 1 Cal
27. able poles and zeros and the FAP information used to create the fap files One calibration result file is generated for each channel in the calibration C 4 1 Calibration Result File Name Format The calibration result file is a text file in XML format with the following file name formats DefinitionNameGUI calibration current date and time chanresult if you are using the Calibrate user interface DefinitionNameremote current date and time chanresult if you are running calibrations using the command line C 4 2 Viewing Calibration Results You can view the calibrating results file in any text editor but it is recommended that you view the results of a calibration in the Calibrate user interface instead 1 Choose File gt Open in the Calibration Definitions pane 2 Select a calibration status file calstat from a previous calibration 3 Click the Results tab to view plot results 44 of 47 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix C Output Files C 5 Yfiles Yfiles are binary data files Two yfiles are generated for each signal and channel in the calibration one containing output data out and one containing input data in For each signal and channel the output data is retrieved from the NAQSServer ringbuffers via DataServer and decimated if decimation is requested then written to the out yfi le The input data is constructed by Calibrate to mimic exactly how the Trident
28. age 35 The frequencies listed are the sine wave frequencies requested in the calibration definition MM EU429 BHZ 200804051657 fap Notepad nmi xl File Edit Format View Help Calibration data for EU429 BHZ Trillium Auto generated by Nanometrics Calibration software Calib 0 2659939573794816 Inverse Displacement nm count calper 1 0 sec SampleRate 1 0 Hz Date Apr 5 2008 source sn description type comment measured O1 instrument fap Nanometrics calibration softwares Number of FAP s 11 L O Frequency Amplitude Phase Amp Error 3X Phase Error 1 0000E 02 1 6578E02 124 103 394 92062 Q000E 02 2 4142E01 162 816 77 24301 19 55754 DODOE 02 5 4195 132 811 1 81561 7 95672 10000 2 6461 110 329 0 41967 70219 20000 1 3183 99 835 0 74133 78258 50000 0 52990 93 521 0 21745 65896 0000 0 26599 90 838 0 27745 18206 0000 0 13199 88 569 0 08053 19948 0000 5 1405E 02 83 401 09645 02721 OOOOEO1 2 4641E 02 73 453 3 59403 2 29294 OOOOEO1 1 1923E 02 49 269 18 78508 3 54722 2 5 0 0 0 1 2 5 1 2 El If the FAP file is the result of a pseudo random binary PRB calibration or a pulse calibration the file will appear the same except that there will be many more frequencies listed C 2 3 FAP File Interpretation The amplitude error is calculated as actual amplitude expected amplitude 1 100 where the expected amplitude is the amplitude calculated from the nominals and the
29. ally change to Inverse Displacement nm Count when you select this option OR If you did not select Frequency as the plot type of if you do not want to view the deviation go to step 10 6 If you want to view the deviation in percentage select the Use Deviation check box 7 Click in the cell to select a definition for the deviation source in the in the Deviation Source pane The Deviation Source pane is located below the Data for Selected Plot pane 8 Click in the cell to select a channel for the deviation The only available source for the deviation is Nominal 9 If you do not want the default title used in the plot legend click in the cell and enter a series title for the deviation source 10 Click New to add a new plot source to the table 11 Click in the cell to select a definition for the plot source 12 Click in the cell to select a channel 13 Click in the cell to select a source If you want to import a plot source select File from the list and select a file fap or paz and click Open 14 If you do not want the default title used in the plot legend click in the cell and enter a series title for the plot source 15 Repeat step 10 to step 14 until you have finished adding plot sources 16 Click Move Up or Move Down to move plot sources up or down the list The first plot source in the list will be plotted first and each subsequent plot source will be plotted on top of it 17 Click Apply to s
30. amplitude in units of ground motion Editing the Dataserver ini File Calibrate uses DataServer to extract data needed for analysis from the NAQS ringbuffers DataServer has to be installed and running either on the computer running Calibrate or on a remote computer in the network for Calibrate to run Calibrate uses the user name calibrate and password calpw by default as stated in the Calibration ini file These parameters have to be defined in the dataserver ini file in order for Calibrate to function Editing Nominal Values Calibrate takes two nominal values nominal sensitivity ncalib and nominal calibration period ncalper from the calibration history file CalHistory Cd1 or Cd11 The calibration history file must be customized for the stations to be calibrated The date at which the sensitivity information becomes applicable and station names channel names and ncalib and ncalper values must be added to the file The station and channel names must match the corresponding entries in the Naqs stn file Nominal response files pa z files in poles and zeros format located in nmx user nominals must have file names formatted as nom station channel paz The station and channel names must match the names stated in the CalHistory Cdl or Cd11 second column and Naqs stn files For more information and examples see Calibration History File on page 31 and Nominal Response Files on page 32 Other Digitizer Parameters
31. aqs stn file must be scaled by the matrix coefficient CalCoilConstant 0 029 Cal units per m s s 0 051 SORT 1 3 0 029 3 1 4 3 2 UVW XYZ Calibration Implementation Calibrate assumes that all sensors should be calibrated according to the scenarios defined in section 3 1 4 1 and section 3 1 4 2 unless you specify a UVW XYZ calibration You can do this by appending the text UVW Z case insensitive in the entry for the Model parameter for the corresponding Sensor definition in the Naqs stn file Sensor predefined sensor all fields mandatory TypeName STS 2 name of this prototyp may be same as model Model STS 2 UVW Z sensor model name Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 26 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 Calibration Definition Calibration setup consists of defining the calibration sequences to be run specifying analysis and plotting options and saving these definitions to a file A single definition file can be reused so that calibrations can be set up once and then run periodically Calibration sequences are set up per instrument and include single or multiple channels Three types of calibrations signals can be specified Sine Wave SW Pulse Signal PS and Pseudo Random Binary PRB Multiple signals can be added to each calibration For example Inorder to get a complete frequency analysis using sine waves a SW signal
32. are logged along with the user name of the user who requested the operation Entries are written to daily 10g files located in the directory defined by the LogDir parameter in the Calibration ini file You can also monitor NAQSServer logs for calibration start and stop messages from the digitizer The location of NAQSServer logs is defined by the LogPath parameter in the Naas ini file The default location is nmx log NaqsLogs Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 21 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 22 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 3 1 This chapter provides theoretical context and guidelines for defining calibration signals and analyses Background Frequency Domain Analysis All analysis done in Calibrate is done in the frequency domain using fast Fourier transforms FFTs The main benefit of this method is that input output coherence can be used as a weighting function during fitting and to estimate the expected error in the result Some methods of determining sine wave amplitudes in the time domain include using the root mean squared or minimum maximum of the signal These methods do not account for the fact that the output signal measured includes not just the calibration signal which is coherent with the input signal but also the sensor self noise the digitizer self noise and the background motion of
33. at file in the c nmx bin folder and select Create Shortcut gt A shortcut to calcui bat is created in the c nmx bin folder Right click Shortcut to calgui bat in the c nmx bin folder and select Properties Type c inmxluser in the Start in box and click OK b You can also drag the shortcut to your desktop if you want to be able to start Calibrate quickly from your desktop Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 7 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 Configuring Calibrate Input files For Calibrate to run properly several ini files and system components have to be defined first These ini files are usually located in nmx user directory and are placed in this directory during the installation of DataServer and NAQSServer and must be there for Calibrate to run dataserver ini Naqs stn Naqs ini The following sections explain how to set up these files and some system components After each update Calibrate has to be restarted for the changes to take effect Editing the Calibration ini File The Calibration ini is divided into two sections and lets you specify options for each calibration Parameters are mandatory unless indicated otherwise Each section and parameter in the Calibration ini file must appear exactly once in the order listed The IP addresses and ports can be found in the respective ini files located at nmx user The format for each Calibration ini entry is Pa
34. ate the ncalib value from the sensor sensitivity Ss and corresponding digitizer sensitivity D found in the respective user guides as follows 1000 Qe EIN XE where is in units of V s m and D is in units of counts uV The above calculation has units of nm count Ncalper is l sensitivity frequency as stated in the sensor user guide which is 1 Hz for Trillium digitizers Nominal Response Files Nominal response files nom StationName Channel paz files in poles and zeros format are used by Calibrate to calculate the percent error from nominal One paz file is required for each channel and these files must be stored in the location defined by the NominalDir parameter in the Calibration ini file The default location is as follows nmx user nominals Nominal Response File Names The names of nominal response files must be formatted as follows nom StationName Channel paz The station and channel names must match the names defined in the CalHistory Cdl or CD11 file and the Naqs st n file see Editing the Naqs stn File on page 10 The station name cannot be more than 5 characters long and can contain numbers For example a Trillium 120 located at station STNO1 for z channel can have the following file name nom STNO1 BHZ paz Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 32 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix A Input Files A 2 2 Nominal Response File Format and Example Calibrate co
35. ating the plot as a deviation from a specified source sending the plot directly to the printer and saving the plot as png and ps files Options for output units include displacement cnt m velocity cnt m s and acceleration cnt m s The location of the output files is defined by the CalDir parameter in the Calibration ini file Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 4 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 3 1 3 1 Calibrations via Email with AutoDRM Nanometrics AutoDRM supports email requests for calibration When it receives a calibration email request it parses the email to create the requested calibration definition Once AutoDRM has created the calibration definition it sends it to Calibrate and extracts a start date Some of the default calibration settings are defined in the Aut oDRM ini file Calibrate then runs the sequence broadcasting a response message when it has completed AutoDRM listens for that broadcast and sends the email response back to the user A user name is provided by AutoDRM in order to log calibration commands properly AutoDRM calibrations do not have customizable analysis options but data is saved and can be reanalyzed later if customizations are required Updates to CSS3 and CD1 or CD11 Calibration Data You can broadcast new calibration values to update CSS3 0 tables and the CD1 x data stream and CalHistory cdx file Upon calibration comple
36. ation Status File Name Format The calibration status file is a text file in XML format with the following file name formats e GUI calibration current date and time calstat if you are using the Calibrate user interface remote current date and time calstat if you are running calibrations using the command line Viewing the Results of Previous Calibrations You can import a calibration status file into the Calibrate user interface and use it to view the results of previous calibrations 1 Choose File gt Open in the Calibration Definitions pane 2 Select a calibration status file calstat from a previous calibration 3 Click the Results tab to view plot results Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 41 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix C Output Files C 2 Frequency Amplitude and Phase files Frequency Amplitude and Phase FAP files contain a table of the amplitude phase and percent differences from nominals for both amplitude and phase The calib and calper values are also listed in this file The calib value is the sensitivity at the calibration period calper in nm count One FAP file is generated for each channel in the calibration C 2 1 FAP File Name Format The FAP file is a text file with the following file name format e StationName Channel current date and time fap C 2 2 FAP File Example The following example shows a fap file for the example sine wave calibration shown in B 1 on p
37. ave the changes 18 Click OK to close the Edit Plot Sources window Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 16 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 8 Running Calibrations A calibration cycle includes up to five stages for each defined calibration sequence scheduling data collection analysis plotting and broadcasting If any of these stages results in an error execution of that sequence is halted The calstat status file is updated at the beginning of each stage and any time an error occurs b Click the Run tab and click Start Calibrations The status of each calibration is written to the calstat file and is displayed in the bottom pane while the calibration is running When the calibrations have finished running and the analysis has completed the results are displayed on the Results tab Note You should run a short test of each signal to make sure that clipping does not occur and to ensure that it can start under the current conditions Once you have established and saved a reliable set of defined parameters for a signal see Saving Calibration Definitions on page 13 you do not have to change these parameters again unless the sensor changes If you plan to run a long calibration you should check to see that the signal has started before you leave the calibration unattended 2 1 8 1 Cancelling Calibrations You can cancel a calibration while it is running Cancelling a calibration stops the
38. calibration signal output on the digitizer if it is currently running there and it stops any further data collection analysis plotting and broadcasting from occurring Cancelling a calibration does not affect other scheduled calibrations Click the Run tab select a calibration in the table and then click Cancel 2 1 8 2 Stopping Calibrations You can stop all calibrations while they are running Stopping calibrations cancels all calibrations Click the Run tab and click Stop Calibrations Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 17 of 47 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 9 Viewing Analysis Results You can view the results for all current and previous calibrations and broadcast the results to other channels 2 1 9 1 Viewing the Results of Current Calibrations The results files calstat yfile chanResult fap and plot output files png ps are written to a directory as defined by the CalDir parameter in the Calibration ini file The default location of the results files is nmx user calib output b You can view the results files calstat chanResult and text fap inany text editor gt You can view plot results in the user interface by clicking the Results tab and selecting a plot in the Choose Plot list m Nanometrics Calibration GUI calibration 200801211935 calstat J File Help Choose Plot Type Frequency Velocity Counts m s Sources
39. constructs the signal before sending it to the sensor This data is written to the yfile Only the data used in the analysis is written to these files No data from the tOn or ramp periods are included In addition the data is trimmed to ensure that no residual effects from the ramp or tOn are included in the analysis C 5 1 Yfile File Name Format Yfiles are binary data files with the following file name format StationName ChannelCalibrationDefinitionNameSignalName out in curr ent date and time y file The file name is comprised of the station name the channel name the calibration definition name the signal name whether the file is output from the digitizer out or calculated input in and the date the file was created Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 45 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix C Output Files Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 46 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 About Nanometrics Nanometrics leads the world in the development of digital technology and networks for seismological and environmental studies The award winning Canadian exporter was the first company to produce a fully integrated satellite system specially designed for studying and monitoring earthquakes Nanometrics has customers on every continent in more than 200 different countries Our customers have used our technology to establish and grow research networks across every environment in the world from the frozen tundra of Canada s north to the ar
40. copy and edit calibration definitions in the Calibration Definitions pane and move them up or down in the list of definitions 2 1 3 Opening Existing Calibration Definitions Open Calibrate choose File gt Open in the Calibration Definitions pane and select an existing caldef file 2 1 4 Saving Calibration Definitions gt Select File gt Save in the Calibration Definitions pane enter a name for the calibration definition and click Save Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 13 of 47 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 5 Editing Calibration Definitions For more theoretical information on defining calibrations see Calibration Definition on page 27 Note Any changes you make to a calibration definition might have to be made to the plot definition as well For example if you change station names or channel names the plot definition also has to be updated because the definition will now point to a non existent channel or station For information on how to do this see 2 1 7 Editing Plot Definitions on page 15 1 Double click a calibration definition in the Calibration Definitions pane OR Select a calibration definition and click Edit 2 If required enter a new name in the Name box 3 Select a station from the list OR
41. d The second column contains the station and channel name The third column is the IDC International Data Center designated code for that particular channel The fourth column contains the channel name as defined in the Naas stn file The fifth column contains the ncalib values such as 0 013263 and the last column contains ncalper values such as 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR040 BHZ IDCO1 chi 0 013263 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TRO40 BHN IDCO1 ch2 0 013263 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TRO40 BHE IDCO1 ch3 0 013263 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR120 BHZ IDCO1 chi 0 016565 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR120 BHN IDCO1 ch2 0 016565 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR120 BHE IDCO1 ch3 0 016565 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR240 BHZ IDCO1 chi 0 016627 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR240 BHN IDCO1 ch2 0 016627 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 TR240 BHE IDCO1 ch3 0 016627 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 CMG3T BHZ IDCO1 ch1 0 013263 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 CMG3T BHN IDCO1 ch2 0 013263 1 0 2008 05 10 18 14 28 CMG3T BHE IDCO1 ch3 0 013263 1 0 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 31 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix A Input Files A 1 2 A 1 3 A 2 A 2 1 Editing the Calibration History File If you define a new channel in the Nags stn file you have to add a line for that channel to the calibration history file You can use any text editor to edit the calibration history file Calibration History File Parameters You can calcul
42. dent estimate of the transfer function This is why a longer calibration signal can yield a more accurate result Sensor Natural Period When designing a calibration sequence it is important to know what the natural period of the instrument under test is All seismometers look like high pass filters to velocity at low frequencies The inverse of the corner frequency of this filter is called the time constant T of the sensor Any transient signal applied to the sensor whether through the calibration input or through ground motion will persist at the output for many multiples of this time constant In this chapter 3x the time constant is used as an estimate of the duration of this transient The time constant of a sensor appears in several forms in the documentation for that sensor If there is a bode plot of the frequency response of the sensor the lower corner frequency can be read off the graph If the nominal poles and zeros of the sensor are known and some of the zeros are at 0 rad s then the time constant can be computed from the value of the lowest frequency pole pjow in rad s using 2T JGRetpi y T Am tow where Re p and Im p are the real and imaginary parts of a complex pole p in rad s respectively T Nanometrics sensors include the sensor time constant in their name Trillium 40 Trillium 120 and Trillium 240 sensors have time constants of 40 s 120 s and 240 s respectively Default Sensor State The default
43. e calibrated at the same time Therefore there are three possible scenarios for calibrating three component sensors e XYZ XYZ calibrations e UVW UVW calibrations e UVW XYZ calibrations 3 1 4 1 XYZ XYZ Calibrations The first calibration scenario XYZ X YZ applies to sensors with independent masses oriented in the XYZ axes for example CMG 3T The XYZ channels can be calibrated independently and thus multiple channels can be calibrated and analyzed at one time 3 1 4 2 UVW UVW Calibrations The second calibration scenario UVW UVW applies to symmetric triaxial sensors that support a UVW output mode for example Trillium seismometers Calibrate handles this calibration scenario exactly the same way as it handles the XYZ X YZ scenario The only difference is that the sensor must be in UVW mode during the calibration You can put the sensor into UVW mode by configuring the Naqs stn file and designing the cable to assert the sensor UVW control automatically during calibration or by manually changing the UVW control prior to performing the calibration Note Calibrate does not perform a check to ensure that the sensor is in UVW mode Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 25 of 47 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 3 1 4 3 UVW XYZ Calibrations The third calibration scenario UVW XYZ applies to symmetric triaxial sensors that do not support a UVW output mode for example
44. ear E SEED beer een Ru E ER tent Ee ee ient a Sea 29 3 2 2 7 Duration and Samples per FFT Se ee ee dee seh 30 32 20 DOCIMALION siria SERE l of cod eaten ieget abia 30 3229 Sample Rate uva ss SE RE eek RR RE ad Peed ee ex ax EAR Me 30 Appendix A Input Files A 1 Calibration History File Re Ge ee ee RR I 31 A 1 1 Calibration History File Format and Example 31 A 1 2 Editing the Calibration History File llle 32 A 1 3 Calibration History File Parameters eh 32 A 2 Nominal Response FileS ooooccocoocoooncn ren 32 A 2 1 Nominal Response File NAmeS eh 32 A 2 2 Nominal Response File Format and Example 33 A 2 3 Creating New Nominal Response Files 33 A 2 4 Editing Nominal Response Files 0 eee 34 Appendix B Calibration Examples B 1 Sine Wave Example rh 35 B 1 1 Signal Characteristics for a Sine Wave Calibration 35 B 1 2 Plot Setup for a Sine Wave Calibration l l ee 36 B 1 3 Results for a Sine Wave Calibration liiis 36 B 1 4 Signal Response for a Sine Wave Calibration 37 Bi2 Pulse Example citi wider Re bet eb ab a de PUR ed E E ES 37 B 2 1 Signal Characteristics for a Pulse Calibration 37 B 2 2 Plot
45. elayed until you click OK on the message If you are running Calibrate from a command line and the sample rates do not match the command is not sent and the signal is skipped Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 30 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Appendix A Input Files A 1 A 1 1 Each channel defined in the Naas stn file has to have a line in the calibration history file CalHistory Cd1 and it has to have a nominal response file nom StationName Channel paz This chapter provides an overview of these two types of input files used by Calibrate when performing calibrations Calibrate uses the data in these files as the initial condition to calculate a fit to the transfer function estimate for PRB and Pulse calibrations They are also used to calculate percent differences which are put into the fap output files as well as shown on percent difference plots Plots that show nominals also use this data Calibration History File Calibrate takes two nominal values nominal Calibration ncalib and nominal calibration period ncalper from the calibration history file CalHistory Cdl1 or CD11 The name and location of this file is defined by the NominalFile parameter in the Calibration ini file The default name and location is as follows nmx user nominals CalHistory Cdl Calibration History File Format and Example The first column contains the date the initial value was calculated or the date a calibration was performe
46. equirements 2 GB of RAM recommended for large calibrations 1 3 4 Upgrade Considerations If you are upgrading from an earlier version of Calibrate ensure that you back up the following files before you follow the installation instructions Calibration ini All nominal response files paz cd1 and cd11 For more information see Nominal Response Files on page 32 6 of 47 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 3 5 Installing Calibrate on Linux and Solaris 1 2 3 Copy all files from the bin folder on the installation CD to nmx bin Copy all files and folders from the user folder on the installation CD to nmx user Set all files except jar files in nmx bin to executable cd nmx bin chmod x chmod x jar Add nmx bin to the system environment variable PATH 1 3 6 Installing Calibrate on Windows 1 2 3 Copy all files from the bin folder on the installation CD to c nmx bin Copy all files and folders from the user folder to c nmx user Add the folder c nmx bin to the system environment variable PATH b You can view and edit system environment variables by right clicking My Computer and selecting Properties clicking the Advanced tab and clicking Environment Variables at the bottom of the Advanced dialog box The system environment variables are shown in the lower pane of the Environment Variables dialog box Right click the calgui b
47. er running Calibrate or on a remote computer in the network for Calibrate to run The Naas stn file located at nmx user must be configured to correctly represent the calibration input of the sensor using the following Sensor section parameters TypeName TRILLIUM240 Model TRILLIUM240 SensitivityUnits M S Sensitivity 2 0e 9 CalibrationUnits VOLTS CalCoilResistance 13600 CalCoilConstant 100 name of this prototype may be same as model sensor model name units of ground motion M M S or M S 2 counts unit ground motion System Sensitivity calibration input units VOLTS or AMPS calibration coil resistance in ohms Calibration units per m s s The parameter values come from the user guide for the sensor WhenCalibrationUnits VOLTS the value listed for CalCoilResistance is not used Only when calibrating an HRD digitizer and CalibrationUnits AMPS does the CalCoilResistance become important 10 of 47 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 4 3 1 4 4 1 4 5 The CalCoilConstant parameter must be scaled by a factor based on the UV W XWY transformation matrix when performing a UVW XYZ calibration For more information see UVW XYZ Calibrations on page 26 For more information on how to correctly configure the Naas st n file see the NAQSServer User Guide Note The sensor sensitivity is very important when specifying
48. ere defined in the setup If a signal conflicts with a signal from another sequence the new sequence is not rescheduled Requests for calibrations are routed through NAQSServer which keeps track of running calibrations NAQSServer will respond to Calibrate with a confirmation of request Since Calibrate checks for scheduling conflicts when it starts the conflicts should not happen unless another instance of Calibrate is running and requesting calibrations Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 3 of 47 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 2 1 2 Data Collection When a digitizer receives a calibration command it starts outputting the requested calibration signal to the sensor Sensors respond to signal inputs through their calibration coils The sensor output during calibration is treated like regular data by the digitizer except a bit is set in the outgoing packets to mark them as containing calibration data The digitizer logs the calibration start at the beginning of outputting the calibration signal and logs the calibration end when it stops These logs are received by NAQSServer NAQSServer uses them to keep track of currently running calibrations and also sends them to Calibrate to extract the exact start and end times for the calibration signal Once start and end times are known Calibrate requests the data between those times from DataServer When all of the packets have been received they are saved to a Y File for use i
49. ext For example and then type mkdir SAPOLLO LOCATION config Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 About This User Guide l Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide IV 15155R5 2008 04 10 Contents Ee dode MR EE EE OE OE EE bi Be ee a viii List Of FiQUIES RE RE OR EE TE EA ix Chapter 1 Getting Started Tolo dittOdulollona au e eta or e Rr E ME Cte med RR iaa 1 1 2 Typical Operation sasea tase reece hee ntes Rer cea DA eee teehee 1 1 2 1 Calibration Cycle tte eee 3 12 11 Scheduling cesare RR RR IE ERR Race ERR ea Ret ee ed 3 1 2 1 2 Data Collection 0 4 1238 ANASO commit a A eee da teed eee de ES Rer Rd Ed AAA 4 1 2 1 4 Results Output EE EE EE EE EE EE ren 4 1 2 2 Calibrations via Email with AutoDRM Ee ee eh 5 1 2 3 Updates to CSS3 and CD1 or CD11 Calibration Data 5 1 2 4 Calibration with HRDs se ee se RII RR hh 5 1 3 Installing Calibrate 0 5 1 3 1 Instrument Firmware RequirementS eh 5 1 3 2 Software Requirements rn 6 1 3 3 Hardware Requirements ii Es ee Ee ee n 6 1 8 4 Upgrade Considerations usasa EE EE tte ee 6 1 3 5 Installing Calibrate on Linux and Solaris EE EE cece eee 7 1 3 6 Installing Calibrate on Windows 7 1 4 Configuring Calibrate Input files 00000 8 1 4 1 Editing the Calibration ini File L 8 1 4
50. fitted 01 instrument paz Sensitivity 6 0E08 Normalization frequency 1 0 Hz Normalization factor 82410005278499E10 Number of Poles Real Imag 533 9172 795 2050 533 9172 795 2050 178 9158 216 7391 178 9158 216 7391 40 2018 0 00000 0 10970 0 11075 0 10970 0 11075 Number of zeros Real Imag 37 1535 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 corment Nanometrics Calibration Software Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 43 of 47 Appendix C Output Files C 3 3 PAZ File Interpretation The following data is listed in the PAZ file The date the calibration was performed April 4 2008 The type of sensor used Trillium Response units Velocity Counts m s The normalization frequency 1 0 Hz The sensitivity at that frequency in the units listed 6 0 E08 The normalization factor 7 82410005278499 E10 The poles and zeros for the fit result 7 Poles and 3 Zeros Note If you are satisfied with the results of the calibration this paz file can be copied to the nominal directory and renamed to nom paz for use in the next calibration For more information see Nominal Response Files on page 32 C 4 Calibration Result Files The calibration result file chanResult defines the signal definition that the calstat file refers to and the location of the yfiles It also lists the nominal poles and zeros that were used in the analysis the resulting fit 1f applic
51. ibration sequences are set up per instrument and include single or multiple channels A caldef file can be reused for example for scheduled repeated calibrations A number of calibrations scheduled to occur at the same time on different instruments can run simultaneously without a delay in their expected start times Calibrations that are run from a second instance of Calibrate on the same instrument will not be processed It is not advisable to have more than one instances running at the same time Any failure of calibrations requested via AutoDRM will be indicated in the AutoDRM response message Command line and user interface calibration failures show error messages in their status summary Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 2 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 Three types of calibration signals can be specified in the caldef file These are as follows Sine Wave SW Pulse Signal PS Pseudo Random Binary PRB Multiple signals can be added to each calibration sequence but they must all be the same type For example to get a complete frequency analysis using sine waves a SW signal must be specified for every required frequency point Frequency for PS and PRB are automatically generated based on the defined signal characteristics There are several parameters that have to be defined to determine total calibration duration All signals can start at zero amplitude for a period of time
52. ibration Result File Name Format eee 44 C 4 2 Viewing Calibration Results lille 44 OS di ioc dead ees desee ee Gea ate dat aur RE d RR a sors Gad eee 45 0 5 1 Yfile File Name Format ss si win EE EER ER e kx e a bee AA 45 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 2008 04 10 15155R5 di Tables 1 1 Interface Section Parameters eee 9 1 2 Control Section Parameters 00 cece eee 10 2 1 CLl Gommands is eise eee xem A me E E ce Rok a ACE a ears 20 3 1 Example Sensor Control Line Level Defaults 24 m Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide Vill 2008 04 10 15155R5 Figures 1 1 The interoperability of Calibrate with other Nanometrics software applications 2 B 1 Atypical sensor response to a calibration sine wave signal 37 B 2 A typical sensor response to a pulse calibration signal with an input definition 38 B 3 A loopback response to a PRB calibration signal with a 0 5 second unit pulse width 40 Calibrate Version 2 0 UserGuide 2008 04 10 15155R5 Figures X Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 2008 04 10 15155R5 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 1 1 2 Introduction Calibrate software is designed for users to define schedule and run sensor calibrations to calibrate seismometers made by Nanometrics as well as other manufacturers The purpose of Calibrate is to determine frequency response
53. id deserts of the Middle East to the jungles of South America Many of these include mission critical national and regional networks that demand the highest possible data quality and availability Contacting Nanometrics Nanometrics Inc 250 Herzberg Road Kanata Ontario Canada K2K 2A1 Phone 1 613 592 6776 Fax 1 613 592 5929 Email info Onanometrics ca Web www nanometrics ca Contacting Technical Support If you need technical support please submit a request on the Nanometrics technical support site or by email or fax Include a full explanation of the problem and related information such as log files Support site http support nanometrics ca Email techsupportOnanometrics ca Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 47 of 47
54. later Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 5 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 3 2 Software Requirements Computers require some or all of the software listed below depending on the options you have chosen for your network Onall computers running Calibrate server remote computers local workstations Linux kernel version 2 4 Solaris 8 Windows 2000 Windows XP Service Pack 2 operating system Java Runtime Environment version 1 5 or later Additional software on the server e NAQSServer version 1 90 01 or later e DataServer version 1 5 5 or later Optionally NmxToCD1 version 1 90 04 or later NmxToCD11 version 1 11 or later NMXToCSS3 0 version 1 00 07 or later AutoDRM version 2 1 or later A remote file transfer server such as OpenSSH http www openssh com or PuTTY http www chiark greenend org uk sgtatham putty for Windows An X Virtual Frame Buffer xvfb server if you will be generating calibration plots on Linux or Solaris from a remote computer xvfb is included with the X Window System server for example see X org http www x org wiki or XFree86 http www xfree86 org Additional software on remote computers Anemail program if you will be using AutoDRM Aremote file transfer client if you will be using the Calibrate command line interface to run calibrations on the server Local workstations do not require any additional software 1 3 3 Hardware R
55. mes with several example nominal response files for z channel The following example is for a Trillium 240 Sensor respons Date Apr 10 2008 The Response units line determines the units that the analysis is performed in Choices are Acceleration Counts m s 2 Velocity Counts m s and Displacement Counts m Response units Velocity Counts m s Poles and Zeros units rad s The Normalization frequency should be the same as the sensitivity frequency in the nominals history file commonly called a CalHistory file Normalization frequency 1 Hz Note the calibration input cancels an additional zero at 161 rad s source sn description type comment nominal 000 Trillium240 paz AO 3 74e11 Number of Poles l Real Im Real Err Im Err 0 01772 0 01756 0 0 0 01772 0 01756 0 0 173 0 0 0 196 231 0 0 196 23 0 0 732 1415 0 0 732 1415 0 0 Number of Zeros rad s 3 Real Im Real Err Im Err 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 0 0 0 A 2 3 Creating New Nominal Response Files You have to create a nominal response file for each new channel that you add to the Naas stn file and the calibration history file CalHistory Cdl You can use any text editor to create new nominal response files It is recommended that you edit an existing nominal response file and save it with a new name The name of the nominal response file must adhere to the following format nom StationName Channel paz Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 33 of 47 15155R5 2008 04
56. n later processing 1 2 1 3 Analysis Analysis begins when all of the data is received for each of the signals making up a calibration sequence Calibrate loads its analysis setup options to determine what to do with the given data A nominal response values file in poles and zeros paz format is used to calculate percent error from nominal It is possible to specify a different file through the analysis options The single frequency nominal values ncalib and ncalper are found in the NominalFile The location of nominal values files is defined by the NominalFile parameter in the Calibration ini file Analysis options are all set automatically but can be adjusted manually in the caldef file if required Adjustments that can be made include changing the nominal file using a prerecorded Y file for calibration signal calculations and changing calper and calib values by changing the CalHistory Cdl file 1 2 1 4 Results Output After the analvsis has completed Calibrate outputs various results files These include X Files of data from each sequence calibration result files chanResult and response files fap and paz The FAP presentation of the calibration result is stored in displacement units nm cnt Calibrate provides options to have plots created automatically once analysis has completed They are defined in the initial setup and saved as part of the caldef file Options include plotting multiple channels on a single plot cre
57. n on how to run Calibrate You can run calibrations from the user interface via a command line and via email with AutoDRM Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses This chapter provides theoretical context and guidelines for defining calibration signals and analyses Appendix A Input Files This chapter provides file formats and examples of the Calibration History cd1 file and Nominal paz files Appendix B Calibration Examples This chapter provides example calibrations of sine wave pulse and pseudo random binary signals Appendix C Output Files This chapter provides descriptions and examples of the output files generated by Calibrate Document Conventions Essential and Supplementary Information A Caution is essential information that explains 1 a risk of damage to equipment A Caution data or software where the recovery is likely to be troublesome and 2 preventive action A Note is an explanation or comment that is related to the main text but is not A Note essential information Links blue text An external link for example http www nanometrics ca A link to information within the document Text Conventions bold text Buttons on the graphical user interface GUI italic text Variables such as parameter names and value placeholders courier text File names and paths for example nmx user trident rsp courier bold Input commands shown exactly as they must be entered at the prompt t
58. nt data requests Valid value the TCP port of DataServer as specified in the DataServer ini file DataUser calibrate Optional The user name for authorized connection to DataServer Valid value a string as also included in the DataServer ini file Users section DataPassword calpw Optional The password corresponding to DataUser name Valid value as stated in Dataserver ini file NaqsHost localhost The IP address or host name of NAQSServer Valid values Host name if NAQSServer is running on the same computer as Calibrate and IP address if NAQSServer is running on a network computer NaqsPort 28000 The port of the NAQSServer Datastream service Valid value the TCP port of NAQSServer as specified in the Datastream section ofthe NAQSServer ini file Note Calibrate uses the user name calibrate and the password calpw by default These parameters have to be specified in the dataserver ini file in order for Calibrate to work If you want to use a different user name and password you must update both the Calibration ini and dataserver ini files Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 9 of 47 Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 4 1 3 Control The Control section contains the parameters described in Table 1 2 Directories and files must be accessible locally or through a TCP IP network connection Calibrate will create the output directories L
59. ogDir CalDir and SchedDir if they do not already exist Table 1 2 Control Section Parameters Parameter Default Value Description LogDir nmx log Calibrate The file path of the Calibrate log files Valid value a path name with no spaces Verbosity INFO The severity level of the messages that are logged Valid values DEBUG VERBOSE INFO CalDir nmx user calib output The path of Calibrate output files of the types calstat chanResult yfile fap paz png and ps Valid value a path name with no spaces NominalFile Cdi nmx user nominals CalHistory The name of the file that lists the nominal values for calibration factor and period ncalib and ncalper for each channel See editing nominal values section Valid value a file name with no spaces NominalDir nmx user nominals The location of the NominalFile and the nominal response files for each station nom station channel paz Valid value a path name with no spaces SchedDir nmx user calib scheduleltems The location of scheduled items files sex and lock files run The directory will contain a run lock file while Calibrate is running and a single ser file for each pending calibration The files are removed automatically as the items are run Valid value a path name with no spaces 1 4 2 Editing the Naqs stn File NAQSServer has to be installed and running either on the comput
60. ord clear Unload all calibrations inter Toggle interactive mode i Set log verbosity to DEBUG 20 of 47 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 3 2 4 Running Calibrations via Email with AutoDRM AutoDRM clients can request one or multiple SW PRB or PS signals Signal durations are given in the email always in seconds and amplitudes are optional Some of the default calibration settings are defined in the Aut oDRM ini file Default values are used for all options that are not provided by AutoDRM For instance the amplitude used when it is not given will be 1 volt If the instrument is configured for amps the volts parameter will be converted to amps using the CalCoilConstant and CalCoilResistance as defined in the Naqs stn file and loaded into NaqsServer SW signals will include a frequency parameter in the email but PRB signals will use the default unit pulse width as this is not provided in the email AutoDRM has features that extend the control you have for AutoDRM originated calibrations For more information see the AutoDRM user guide The SENSOR parameter in CALIBRATE START requests must be set to YES The START TIME can be any valid date that is future dated a maximum of 31 days or post dated a maximum of 1 hour Monitoring the Operation of Calibrate Calibrate logs the commands it issues as well as warnings and errors Any attempts to calibrate an instrument
61. quency such as 70 Hz you can add that frequency to the list The main limitation at high frequency is that accuracy degrades as the Nyquist frequency half the sample rate is approached For better results the sample rate should be temporarily switched to a higher frequency during sine wave calibration A Trident digitizer requires that fine gt 0 01 Hz A much better estimate of the sensor transfer function can be obtained using a PRB calibration In this case a single sine wave calibration at the sensor response normalization frequency typically 1 Hz is a useful complement to PRB calibration and pole zero fitting 3 2 2 1 PRB Unit Width The PRB unit width should be set to be between approximately 1 10 and 1 50 of the sample rate after decimation To fully characterise modern very broadband seismometers it is necessary to do both a high frequency say 0 2 s or 0 5 s and a low frequency say 5 s or 10 s PRB calibration in the same sequence and fit poles and zeros to the combined result The sample rate might need to be increased during high frequency calibration The duration of the low frequency calibration will need to be several hours with 10 50x post digitizer decimation Several example calibrations are shipped with Calibrate 3 2 2 2 Pulse Width The duration of a pulse determines how much energy is in the pulse The signal to noise ratio might be too low for very short pulse calibrations The most accurate way to determine
62. rameter Value Note Path names are treated as relative relative to the directory in which Calibrate is running unless they are specified as absolute with a leading slash The current directory can be indicated with a dot Do not include the trailing slash in path names Example Calibration ini File Interface UnverifiedBroadcastGroup 230 0 0 1 group ID for unverified AutoDRM messages UnverifiedBroadcastPort 4504 port for unverified broadcast messages BroadcastGroup 230 0 0 2 internet group ID for broadcast messages BroadcastPort 4505 port to broadcast messages DataHost localhost name or IP address for the Data Server DataPort 28002 port of the Data Server DataUser calibrate optional user name of DataServer DataPassword calpw optional user name of DataServer NaqsHost localhost name or IP address for the Naqs Server NaqsPort 28000 port of the Nags Server Control LogDir nmx log Calibrate Calibration log path Verbosity INFO DEBUG VERBOSE or INFO CalDir nmx user calib output Calibration output path NominalFile nmx user nominals CalHistory Cdl File path of ncalper calib per channel listing file NominalDir nmx user nominals File path of ncalper calib per channel listing file SchedDir nmx user calib scheduleItems 1 4 1 2 Interface The Interface section defines Calibrate connections to other parts of
63. rident digitizer in Volts The Trident sensitivity is set to 0 4 counts uV The plots of the results show nominals from a Trillium 120 demonstrating that the initial guess used for transfer function fitting does not need to be exact B 1 Sine Wave Example The following example sine wave calibration covers a sweep of frequencies from 0 01 to 20 Hz for a Trillium 40 This sweep covers the passband plus several points past the lower corner frequency B 1 1 Signal Characteristics for a Sine Wave Calibration Name Freq Hz Amp Offset Amp UnitsRamp tOn s Duration Time Uni tOff s Decim NA Sampl sw20Hz 20 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 20 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 500 sw10Hz 10 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 300 0 2 2000 500 sw5Hz 5 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 300 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 sw2Hz 2 0 5 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 sw1Hz 1 0 3 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Minutes 40 0 1 2000 100 sw0 5Hz 0 5 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 4 0 Minutes 40 0 2 2000 100 sw0 2Hz 0 2 0 4 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 10 0 Minutes 40 0 5 2000 100 sw0 1Hz 0 1 0 2 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 20 0 Minutes 40 0 10 2000 100 sw0 05Hz 0 05 0 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 40 0 Minutes 40 0 20 2000 100 sw0 02Hz 0 02 0 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 1 0 Hours 40 0 50 2000 100 sw0 01Hz 0 01 0 1 0 0 Volts 40 0 40 0 2 0 Hours 40 0 100 2000 100
64. run from the Calibrate command line interface CLI Calibrate can be run from a remote computer using SSH Secure Shell or telnet Status updates occur in the status file and the results can be saved as ps and txt files Plot files are created as defined in the caldef file 1 2 Create a calibration definition Section 2 1 2 on page 13 If required define plots and save the plots as png and ps files Section 2 1 6 on page 15 and Section 2 1 7 on page 15 Save these plot definitions to a remote caldef file and transfer this file to the server Connect to the server using SSH and then start the calibration in the background by typing the following command in the working directory nmx user calcmd i remote caldef Calibrate generates the following outputs in the output directory e A calibration status file remote current date and time calstat e The chanResult files for the calibration which contain run amplitude statistics A fapresponse file for each expected record and channel Binary data files yfile e Plots are saved to ps and png files if defined in the calde f file Table 2 1 CLI Commands Command Function quit exit Close the program status Print the calibration status stop Cancel running calibrations start run Start calibrations load filename Load a file results record ID Display a results summary for this record analyze record ID Analyze the data for this rec
65. s It allows the user to view the calibration results as output files and plots and to broadcast the updated calibration factor Calibration parameters can be defined and executed through the user interface a command line interface CLI or via email using Nanometrics AutoDRM which supports email requests for calibration This chapter provides an overview of the typical operation of Calibrate including how to calibrate sensors locally or from a remote location how to install Calibrate software on your computer and how to configure the various input files ini files Typical Operation Calibrate allows the scheduling of automated sensor calibrations and analysis of calibration results NAQSServer and DataServer must be installed and running on the computer running Calibrate and NmxToCSS3 and NmxToCD1 or CD11 have to be installed if you want to convert data to CSS3 and CDI or CD11 format Figure 1 1 shows the interoperability of Calibrate with other Nanometrics software applications Typically the user interface is used to run Calibrate on a local computer Secure Shell SSH or telnet is used to run Calibrate from a remote computer and AutoDRM email requests are used to run calibrations on a remote computer Caution The system time of the computer running Calibrate must be synchronized with the computer running NAQSServer the computer running DataServer and all digitizers in the system Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5
66. t and potentially cause the sensor to clip Determining the amplitude of the signal from minima and maxima or root mean squared is not accurate in the presence of such a transient Therefore it is possible to configure the calibration signal to ramp up slowly to full amplitude A ramp time of 3x the sensor time constant is needed if time domain methods will be used to analyse the resulting signal Because Calibrate uses frequency domain methods in its automated analysis the ramp time is less important The portion of the signal that Calibrate analyzes will exclude this ramp time anyway A ramp time of 1x the sensor time constant is more appropriate if you do not plan to perform a time domain analysis of the signal When calibrating using a HRD digitizer the ramp duration is fixed at 1 4 the full amplitude signal duration Z l duration Lamp A Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 29 of 47 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses 3 2 2 7 Duration and Samples per FFT Several factors should be taken into account when choosing the duration and the number of samples to include in each FFT as described in Section 3 1 1 on page 23 npprand fquration must be large enough to result in a minimum analysis frequency f below the frequency band of interest nypg must be small enough that there are many FFT windows in the analysis so that the expected variance in the transfer function estimate is low
67. the earth particularly significant in a laboratory environment Properly implemented frequency domain methods make it relatively easy to separate what is signal coherent from what is noise non coherent regardless of the form of the input signal Fourier transforms of discrete time domain signals place two limitations on the range of frequencies that can be analysed This needs to be taken into account when setting up a calibration signal The sample rate of the digitizer fsample along with any post digitizer decimation factor k determines the maximum frequency called the Nyquist frequency _ Jeanie a a 2 k The number of points included in each window of the FFT np determines the minimum frequency f _ Temple min k nrrr The duration of the signal duration along with the above parameters determines how manv windows nwindows the signal is divided into for analysis Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 15155R5 2008 04 10 23 of 47 Chapter 3 Defining Calibration Signals and Analyses To minimize sidelobe amplitude Calibrate uses a Hann window for all analyses To maximize the usage of the available signal 50 overlap is used between windows The number of windows in the analysis is therefore approximately sampte 1 RA EN duration 0 5 k Nwindows The expected variance in the transfer function estimate is inversely proportional to the number of windows because each window gives a statistically indepen
68. the plots of the current calibration from the Choose Plot list 3 Click Add Edit to edit the plot Click Print the print the plot OR Click Save PNG to save itas a png file Click Refresh to refresh the data in the plot 2 1 9 4 Broadcasting the Results After the calibrations have finished running you can broadcast the updated calibration factor to listening system components NmxToCSS3 to update the CSS3 0 Sensor table and NmxToCD1 CD11 to update the data stream 1 2 3 Click the Results tab Click Broadcast Select the channels you want to broadcast the calibrate responses to and click OK You can check the chanresult file or the f ap file for a summary of the results for each frequency For more information on these files see Frequency Amplitude and Phase files on page 42 and Calibration Result Files on page 44 Calibrate Version 2 0 User Guide 19 of 47 15155R5 2008 04 10 Chapter 2 Running Calibrate 2 1 10 Reanalyzing the Results 2 2 After the analysis has completed and you have viewed the results of the calibration you can change the values and number of poles and zeros and reanalyze the results 1 Change the number of poles and zeros by editing the associated nominals files paz The default location of the nominal files is nmx user nominals Click the Run tab and select a calibration Click Reanalyze Running Calibrations Remotely Using the CLI Calibrations can be
69. tion you can view the results and select the option to use one or more of the new values Results are broadcast to all listening NmxToCSS3 and NmxToCD1 or CD11 in the same group The CSS3 0 Sensor table is populated with a new entry showing the new calper and calratio ratio of the nominal calibration value to the newly calculated calib value NmxToCD1 or CD11 adjusts its data streams to reflect the new calib value and updates the CalHistory cdx file with the new calib and calper values For more information see the following documentation e NmxToCSS3 user guide e NmxToCD1 user guide NmxToCD11 user guide Calibration with HRDs Calibrate will perform the analysis on Nanometrics HRD digitizer calibrations HRDs support only sine wave calibrations Attempts to use signals not supported by the HRD PS or PRB signals will result in an error from NAQSServer and the calibration will not take place HRDs only send the status of the calibration request once the calibration is completed so status updates can be slow The phase results will not be accurate as HRD does not report the exact time that Calibrate starts and stops Installing Calibrate Before you install Calibrate ensure that the following firmware software and hardware requirements have been met Instrument Firmware Requirements Instruments require the following firmware Comms Controller version 5 80 or later Trident version 1 93 01 or later HRD version 6 1 or

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