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Serial to Wi-Fi Gateways User's Guide

1. C Key Admin mode Function LEDs A A A oeeeS RS422 RS485 WLg IDA S WLg xROAD S Alarm gt gt Tx pair Rx Tx pair Rx Tx control signals 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 071 062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 8 II 3 Software architecture block diagram The Flash EPROM is organized in two areas to allow reliable in field firmware upgrades The first area contains the normal regular firmware the second area contains a so called emergency upgrade firmware which starts up if a firmware upgrade failed due to say an unexpected power failure See the firmware upgrade section for more information The following applies only to the regular firmware Product specific modules are shown in dotted squares Dual power Alarms Wi Fi WLg IDA S gt WLg IDA S Di Ea DHCP client i C Key i WLg IDA S HTTP web i x server Configuration parameters PA TCP IP Galepase Firmware TFTP client upgrades Factory settings Reset h button CLI Command TELNET line interface server Serial services Serial Discovery console answerer Admin mode switch Blue arrows show configuration methods Serial port 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 IV PRODUCTS COMMON FEATURES IV 1 Serial services IV 1 1 Understanding serial services The serial port can be set to provide
2. SERIAL TO Wi Fi GATEWAYS USER S GUIDE FOR 802 1 14 B G H DEVICES COMMUNICATIONS amp SYSTEMS Wi Fi PORT SERVERS USER GUIDE COPYRIGHT ACKSYS 2010 This document contains information protected by Copyright The present document may not be wholly or partially reproduced transcribed stored in any computer or other system whatsoever or translated into any language or computer language whatsoever without prior written consent from ACKSYS Communications amp Systems ZA Val Joyeux 10 rue des Entrepreneurs 78450 VILLEPREUX FRANCE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS gt ACKSYS is a registered trademark of ACKSYS gt Windows is a registered trademark of MICROSOFT gt WireShark is a registered trademark of the Wireshark Foundation DISCLAIMERS ACKSYS gives no guarantee as to the content of the present document and takes no responsibility for the profitability or the suitability of the equipment for the requirements of the user ACKSYS will in no case be held responsible for any errors that may be contained in this document nor for any damage no matter how substantial occasioned by the provision operation or use of the equipment ACKSYS reserves the right to revise this document periodically or change its contents without notice REGULATORY INFORMATION AND DISCLAIMERS Installation and use of this Wireless LAN device must be in strict accordance with local regulation laws and with the instructions incl
3. 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1211 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 TWISTED PAIRS V 5 Alarm 37 On the products equipped with an alarm contact several alarm sources are available gt Loss of power supply 1 gt Loss of power supply 2 gt Loss of link with the Access Point in infrastructure station mode Configuring the alarm sources Each source may be managed in two ways gt Automatic reset The alarm source is active during the fault gt Manual reset The alarm source stays active after the fault has disappeared A user action is required on the status gt alarm page in order to quiet the alarm source Each source may be gt Individually enabled or disabled gt Set to automatic or manual reset Using the alarm contact The web interface has a page that allows managing the C Key contents The alarm contact is closed in the following cases gt Product is booting gt Product is out of order gt At least one of the alarm sources is active The alarm contact is open in the following cases gt Product is operational and no alarm source is active Alarm management interface The web interface has a page that allows managing the alarms and a page to display alarm sources status and to clear them Alarm type Enable alarm Enable automatic reset Power 1 down Vv Power 2 down Vv WLAN link down Vv Enable alarm Enables or disables the alarm source Enable automatic reset Whe
4. RADIUS server Password This field contains the password associated with the above username 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 o DS IV 3 3 MAC ID Filtering in infrastructure client mode ACKSYS infrastructure clients contain a MAC ID filter that allows the administrator to refuse or authorize access points It uses a list of MAC addresses which works as follows gt only allow listed machines a configuration where the MAC addresses in the list are allowed In this case only the access points on the list will be able to connect to the bridge gt only deny listed machines a configuration where the MAC addresses in the list are denied In this case the access points that are not on the list will be able to connect to the bridge The MAC ADDRESS FILTER configuration is available in the ADVANCED MAC ADDRESS FILTER menu ADVANCED WIRELESS ADVANCED SERIAL MAC ADDRESS FILTER The MAC Media Access Controller Address filter option is used to control network association based on the MAC Address of the network adapter A MAC address is a unique ID assigned by the manufacturer of the network adapter This feature can be configured to ALLOW or DENY association Save Settings Don t Save Settings Enable MAC Address Filter Mode only deny listed access point v Enable MAC Address Computer Name Save Cl
5. Use directional antennas to concentrate the radio power towards the receiver gt Antennas must be in line of sight of each other This means that NO obstacle may exist between the two communicating endpoints Trees even without leaves mounds walls even with an open window are obstacles See below gt You must increase the EIRP of the products but you must keep it in the local regulations range gt Put antennas above any obstacle gt The link RSSI must be high enough else when climatic conditions change rain wind the link might break To increase the EIRP you can gt Use a antenna with a larger gain And or gt Use a product with a larger radio output power 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 28 Line of sight concept Product in line of sight We can see the top of the mast where it is installed Product not in line of sight the other product is nowhere to be seen clearly Configuring the distance The Wi Fi standard parameters allow communication up to 1 km 0 620 miles For larger distances the propagation delay between the two endpoints say the access point and the station will trigger retransmission timeouts and the throughput will decrease The ACKSYS products can be used over 1 km up to 5 km by configuring the distance parameter in the web interface page Advanced Advanced Wireless Fragmentation Threshold 2346
6. and then we will discuss each feature separately This section focuses on the features that involve specific software configuration Other distinctive characteristics are covered in the quick installation guide of each product ode DONGLE x Dual power supply Dual antenna plugs High power option x a a Key o MA A V 2 Dual antenna plugs Some products provide two antenna connectors MAIN and AUX All other products only use a MAIN antenna The radio card may be set to 39 66 three modes main aux and diversity gt Use the main setting with one antenna connected to MAIN gt Use the aux setting with one antenna connected to AUX gt Use the diversity setting either with one antenna connected to MAIN or with two antennas This mode tries to use the AUX antenna to improve reception V 3 High power radio option A Some products can be ordered with a high power radio option This will show up in the web administration interface page Status gt Device info On these products the radio card will transmit with a higher radio power See the product quick start for the figures High power allows to reach a farther range of stations and to get through a noisy radio environment It may be used in conjunction with the long distance configuration parameters Please check against local regulations rules that such high power i
7. setting in the product gt With other serial services the condition is configurable in the web page BASIC serial port in the send triggers section or with the set sendtrigger command of the CLI 11 Check that the remote application accepts the IP address and TCP UDP port configured in the product Use a network sniffer if in doubt gt When using the Virtual COM service check that the application does not require an unsatisfied flow control 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 57 VIII 4 Diagram A network connectivity l Check IP addresses 1 Check security parameters 2 Check Wi Fi parameters 3 Check IP addresses the following assumes that all network devices are in the same LAN the computer used for the tests the product the remote device gt All network devices must be in the same IP subnet see RFC 950 For example 192 168 1 253 and 192 168 1 10 are in the same subnet but 192 168 1 253 and 128 1 1 10 are not assuming a netmask of 255 255 255 0 gt All network devices must have the same netmask gt When changing the IP address of one device the others keep the old address for several minutes in the ARP cache clear it with arp d Windows O S or by powering off the caching devices gt Windows or other firewalls may prevent communication gt The CLI has a command ping ipaddress whic
8. 256 65535 RTS Threshold 2346 1 65535 802 11d Enable Enable long distance 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 205 Check the Enable long distance box the distance configuration parameters will appear These settings are used to change the radio timing for distance over 1 km 0 6 miles Parameters Sot time Ack time out and CTS time out are computed from the distance parameter and are not intended to be changed manuall Distance Between Antennas 1000 meters Fee Slot Time Ack time out CTS time out Type the distance from one product to the other in the Distance between Antennas input box Do not change the other parameters Slot Time Ack Time out CTS time unless you completely understand the impact on the Wi Fi protocol They are automatically computed from the distance parameter Changing the distance parameter does not change the radio output power Only Wi Fi timing parameters are changed 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1271 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 320 PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BI 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 31 V PRODUCTS DISTINCTIVE FEATURES V 1 Distinctive features availability table Some features are available on some products of the products line We will learn which product supports which feature
9. Product previously configured for the customer s infrastructure Routine management after installation infrastructure Wireless network Custom channel amp SSID Infrastructure mode Custom channel SSID IP VI 4 2 Acksys NDM Acksys NDM is a Network Device Manager for ACKSYS products It can be used to display the state of all the products on the LAN change their IP addressing data upgrade their firmware plan and execute bulk configuration changes over groups of products VI 4 3 Browser The Web administration interface handles two users the username admin that can change parameters and the username user that can only display configuration and current status Passwords may be added to these users The factory configuration passwords are empty VI 4 4 TELNET You can configure the product through the network with a TELNET session TELNET Hyperterminal PUTTY Run Telnet C gt telnet 192 168 1 253 Telnet displays a banner and a prompt from the product COMETH service version X y z Administration mode ready You can use display commands In order to change and save the configuration you must log in Type gt login admin Password none type enter or the admin password if you set one For backward compatibility the name root is allowed instead of admin For further compatibility when the name is root the password root is accepted even when no password i
10. ad hoc mode allows all wireless devices within range of each other to see each other and communicate in peer to peer without involving central access points including those built into broadband wireless routers To set up an ad hoc network each wireless adapter must be configured for ad hoc mode as opposed to the alternative infrastructure mode In addition all wireless adapters on the ad hoc network must use the same SSID and the same channel number An ad hoc network tends to feature a small group of devices in very close environment All communicating devices must share the same cell There is no way to establish a route in order to link 2 remote products Ad hoc mode only works in 802 11b with or without a WEP key no WPA or WPA2 gt Obstacles or large distance 3 amp nor 4 Ei i Products A C D can communicate with each other Products B C can communicate with each other Products A B cannot communicate obstacles are on the way Products B D cannot communicate they are too far away Product C cannot relay from A D to B 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 Ta IV 2 3 Wireless Network Name This name is also referred to as the SSID and serves as a subnetwork identifier A service set identifier or SSID is a name used to identify the specific 802 11 wireless LANs to which a user wishes to be connected A client device will receive broadcast messag
11. an address in the 192 168 1 249 254 range To use this mode establish the Wi Fi link from a computer and type the IP address 192 168 1 253 in the URL address input bar of your web browser A Emergency Firmware Upload Microsoft Internet Explorer Fichier Edition Affichage Favoris Outils 7 a Q precedente 2 2 Prechercher she ravors O A 8 Adresse http 192 168 1 259 M tens gt Google Gi Y Envoyer o 6 ES YY mestavonse pi bloqu ets SF Orthographe ab Envoyer av 0 Param tres Emergency Firmware Upload Just re enter the firmware file name in the file to upload field and click Upload Once the firmware is correctly uploaded you can check the firmware version in the TOOLS firmware menu All configuration parameters are kept except if the Flash EPROM area containing the configuration settings was corrupted during the failure In this case the default settings are reinstated The Emergency upgrade page also allows to restore factory settings with the Reset settings button VII 4 Fallback after an interrupted upgrade operation If the upgrade process fails due for example to an unexpected power supply failure during Flash EPROM programming the product will automatically switch to failover mode At its next reboot the product will find out that the firmware is incomplete and the Emergency upgrade mode will start automatically 54 M
12. an infrastructure network there are 2 kinds of devices gt The access point gt Client Wi Fi devices client stations that connect to the access point to gain access to other Wi Fi devices or LAN devices Obstacles or large distance ee Serial port server infrastructure mode Local network Automation equipments Products A B C can communicate with each other Product B relays data between A and C Product B relays data between the LAN and products A C Infrastructure wireless mode supports central connection points for WLAN clients and the AP may also bridge them to a wired Ethernet network A wireless access point AP is required for infrastructure wireless mode networking To join the WLAN the AP and all wireless stations must be configured to use the same SSID The AP is then cabled to the wired network to allow wireless clients access for example to Internet 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 Da connections or printers More APs can be added to the WLAN to increase the reach of the infrastructure and support any number of wireless clients Compared to the alternative ad hoc wireless networks infrastructure mode networks offer the advantage of scalability centralized security management and improved reach IV 2 2 Ad hoc Mode On wireless computer networks ad hoc mode is a way for wireless devices to directly communicate with each other Operating in
13. to devices trying to attach to a private network through a boundary Access Point establishing the access point as the gateway to LAN resources or preventing access from that device if authentication fails The authentication process is organized around several agents User also called supplicant or Wireless Node WN Wireless access point or authenticator Authentication server most often a RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service server Authentication modus operandi weles Neto Authentication Server RADIUS Authenticator i Fri Ap i Supplicant Internet or other LAN resources When a wireless node WN requests access to a LAN resource the first step is the physical association between the client and the access point defining a so called access port number 1 on the diagram The access point AP asks for the WN s identity Then it establishes a point to point EAP tunnel between the WN and the authentication server number 2 on the diagram No other traffic other than EAP is allowed until the WN is authenticated the port is closed Until authenticated the client cannot access the LAN Once the authentication server informs the authenticator that the WN is authenticated the traffic to the LAN is allowed number 3 on the diagram the port is open Otherwise the port stays closed Note 802 1x also offers a system to exchange keys which will be used
14. 02 Upgrade parameters Upgrade file name upgrade bin ss Password eeeeses Upgrade status Upgrade Upgrade All Close Select the file to upload then click on Upgrade If you wish to upgrade several products at once select them in the list and click Upgrade All Remark Upgrading several products together requires that they all have the same password for the admin user All previous configuration changes will be left unchanged VII 2 Upgrading while in serial administration mode You can still use the web interface but remind that the Wi Fi and network parameters are the factory default ones Set up a network link accordingly 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 49 VII 3 Emergency upgrade Continually pressing the reset button during product start up will enter a special failover mode called Emergency upgrade The product will then execute a restricted web service allowing only firmware uploads This failover mode displays by the DIAG LED blinking quickly Remind that it is off in normal working mode In this mode the network and Wi Fi settings are as follows Station type access point SSID emergency upgrade Channel automatic least noisy in the 2 4 GHz range 802 11 mode mixed B G No key protection neither WEP nor WPA WPA2 IP address 192 168 1 253 DHCP server provides
15. 4 V 4 1 RS422 Cabling example RS422 FULL DUPLEX POINT TO POINT CABLING RS422 INT ERFACE FOR DB9 Pin RS422 INT POINT TO POINT LINK ERFAC POINT TO POINT LINK e TWISTED PAIRS E FOR A D B A 3 E 2 O 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 35 RS422 FULL DUPLEX MULTIDROP CABLING RS422 INTERFACE FOR MASTER TYPE POLLING S EL ECTING RS422 INTE E FOR INTERMEDIATE TYPE MULTID ROP LINK RS422 INTERFACE FOR TERMINAL SLAVE TYPE ULTIDROP LIN MULTIDROP LINK TWISTED PAIRS 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 e V 4 2 RS485 cabling example RS485 HALF DUPLEX MULTIDROP CABLING INTERFACE RS485 FOR MASTER TYPE MULTIDROP LINK POLLING SELECTING LULI D A A re RT pa mo T RS485 INTERFACE FOR INTERMEDIATE SLAVE TYPE ULTIDROP LINKS POLLING SELECTING RS485 INTERFACE FOR TERMINAL SLAVE TYPE MULTIDROP LINKS POLLING SELECTING d
16. 4 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 54 4 Check that the remote application uses the correct destination IP address and TCP UDP port Use a network sniffer if in doubt gt Check firewalls in the remote computer or in intermediary routers gt When using the Virtual COM service check that the application does not require an unsatisfied flow control 5 Connect to the web administration status gt statistics page and see if the received serial data figure is increasing If yes this check passes If no there can be several causes gt The device does not receive data because it is sent with a wrong format Check the baud rate number of bits and parity With the Virtual COM service check it in the remote application with other serial services check this in the product gt The device does not receive data because the cable is wrong Insure that the Tx and Rx signals need not be crossed In RS422 RS485 insure that A and B need not be crossed check A and B as well gt The device receives data but does not recognize valid frames because there are idling delays time where not data is transmitted inside frames this happens with Virtual COM raw TCP client and raw TCP server services Usually this is a problem from the remote application especially when the remote application is another port server Configure the remote to correctly packetize the data fra
17. Mbps 24 Mbps 18 Mbps 12 Mbps and 6 Mbps The allowed channels list is limited in this mode IV 2 6 Region country and channels selection A wireless network uses specific channels on the 2 4 GHz or 5 GHz radio spectrum to handle communication between stations Some channels in your area may suffer from interference from other electronic devices Choose the clearest channel to help optimise the performance and coverage of your wireless network See appendix for further details about radio channels TAN Depending on the location of the product is situated indoor outside not all wireless channels are available Refer to local regulation that are constantly liable to change Region country Channels availability varies by countries constrained in part by how each country allocates radio spectrum to various services Broadly speaking the world is divided into the 3 main regions gt Europe regulated by the ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute gt US regulated by the FCC Federal Communications Commission gt Asia regulated by the MKK TELEC Depending on the 802 11 and super AG modes available channels are modified when you change the region country selection box 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 15 Auto channel selection When in infrastructure topology only see wireless mode the product can scan all the allowed channels in th
18. P is higher than this threshold the unit will not proceed to any AP scan Once the RSSI with the current AP drops under this threshold the AP scan process will start immediatly Scan duration Sets the maximum amount of time allowed for a single channel AP scan In all roaming modes the Scan Period specifies the time interval between two AP scans Threshold unit dem RSSI scan threshold 0 Scan Period s E Scan Duration ms 100 sio En beacon interval units recommended AP loss detection 5 value not less than 5 see help Threshold unit This field sets the unit for the RSSI scan threshold value dBm or percent It is available in multichannel mode only RSSI scan threshold This field sets the threshold below which the scan may begin It is available in multichannel mode only The default scan threshold is 0 or 95 dBm 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1271 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 e Scan Period This field sets the scan process period This value must be chosen according to the moving speed of the station This field is always available regardless of the number of selected channels In multichannel mode the scan process is both active and passive In monochannel mode the scan is active passive scan is permanent The default scan interval is 5 seconds Scan duration This field sets the amount of time spent searching new access po
19. aconsse 7 Ul PRODUE OA omaa a irrita vi HIS HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM ocasionada aa T TIL3 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM lt ccssssesvecisessseeeccasseseocndacdesscvecees irie ierodas piniaria andina 8 IV PRODUCTS COMMON FEATURES ccscscscscsovsecsssssccssssssesscoveccesnsasdncsooascossessesesscnsbedncvscccessnccenssdesoooesscnes 9 CIBI RR RA EA 9 1 2 WIRES COMMUNICATION a dia 1l IV 3 WireLess SECURITY WEP WPA WPA2 AND MAC FILTERS issiron ieri 16 A elia 22 CAM a E E a EEEE E P toads idadenseas A ZE Ya PRODUCTS DIS TING TIVE PEA TURES riesia ee ones osos raea eroaan aas Ea aoas OaS aeaa aE asooo Eosen 31 Wl DETIENE FEATURES AVAILABILITY TABLE ill A AI 31 EL PUT ANTENNA a AL AA 31 Wo Hicu POWER RADIO OPTION clelia nl eheh iii 31 VA RSV IRSA 5 PORT ALL Laica alii 32 VAC RR E E E OE IAA 37 AS i alal E E E E T E A tueeezeseeassauseeaues 38 We DOE PONTE SE O RT SE I N EP 38 VE WLe DONGLE OEM INTEGRATION DITA lhi era 39 VI ADMINISTRA TION ossiisssvsssscsscsussnseseccnssoctccvesosessocsesosvecvevercavessoncesuncenceccscssodevovssvostosssnsssevcsvouceveussavesceussssoos 43 VLI SRT AE AAA RR RE RT RR E TO O O TT ROTTO 43 SA ASIA IO RR E E ERE 44 VL3 ADMINISTRATION THROUGH THE SERIAL PORT sssssssessssovsssssosecccccedececsesevsssessssessssesvvsescsssbercesaccdecess casensesece 44 VI4 ADMINISTRATION THROUGH THE NETWORK sscssssssssssnssscecccecccsesevcecssessssssvsevsvsvsssenancnacceccccececessvsvevessss
20. aster mode connected to the master Serial e One product in MODBUS slave mode Ascii RTU MOUNT Serial e One product in MODBUS master mode Modbus HER Ascii RTU connected to the master If you want to exchange serial data no control signals between two or more devices through the network e use the UDP raw port server service on all the serial attachments involved e if you have only two devices and not losing data is more important than speed and network bandwidth you must use raw TCP server on one side raw TCP client on the other side Beware that data transfers may incur retransmission delays If you want to write a SOCKET application to access remote devices e use Virtual COM VIP if you must configure control signals remotely e use raw TCP server to handle unrelated devices e use UDP raw port server to broadcast to several devices at the same time If you want a remote serial device to call into your application e use raw TCP client 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1211 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 211s IV 2 Wireless communication Wireless Mode Infrastructure Ad Hoc Wireless Network Name acksys Also called the SSID 802 11 Mode 802 11b ony Super AG Mode Disabled _ Region Country europe el Channel Antenna Diversity gt Transmission Rate Best automatic Mbit s IV 2 1 Infrastructure Mode In
21. b Wi Fi port servers user guide 1771 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 50 PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BI 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 51 VIN TROUBLESHOOTING This section gives indications on the checks to perform when things do not work as expected after configuration A network sniffer may prove very helpful when debugging network connections We recommend WireShark a free sniffer working on Windows and Linux VIII 1 Basic checks Check power supply LED Check Diag LED infrastructure station only Check Wi Fi association Determine application type Thorough checks Thorough checks Application type Application type Serial is slave Serial is master Check power supply LED If the power supply LED is OFF check that the power supply is correctly plugged at both ends check that the delivered current and voltage is in the acceptable range Products with dual power supply can work with only one source provided Check Diag LED The Diag LED should go OFF a few seconds after power up If it remains permanently fixed the product is out of order If it is blinking the blink rate indicates one of several conditions gt Occasionally flashing serial port data errors gt Blinking twice per second unevenly admin switch is turned ON gt Blinking in alternatively with the blue WLAN LED searching an access point Blink
22. cember 14 2010 25 Auto channel select 5 180 GHz CH 36 9 200 GHz CH 40 3 To make multiple selections deselect Channel 5 220GH2 CH44 i 5 240 GHz CH 48 from the list use Ctrl Click 5 260 GHz CH52 Y The roaming configuration menu is shown below The roaming mode allows this product to be mobile and to roam between several AP without losing network connection When the roaming mode is enabled the product will only switch from an AP to another one if e The RSSI with the current AP is lower than the roaming threshold e Anew AP has been detected with a RSSI higher than the RSSI with the current AP Threshold unit dem RSSI roaming threshold fs This menu will allow you to set the roaming threshold It can be entered in percent or in dBm The station will roam from AP1 to AP2 if RSSI ap lt RSSIar2 AND RSSI ap lt threshold So it is impossible to roam to an access point that would offer a worse signal quality than the current one lower throughput Advanced Wireless menu The scan process may be fine tuned with the following Advanced roaming settings window Beware these parameters must be changed with care because wrong values can cause a loss of bandwidth or even disconnections In multichannel roaming mode set the RSSI scan threshold and Scan Duration values to manage the AP scan process RSSI scan threshold While the RSSI with the current A
23. e Nicomatic reference 3y 20 131 16 1 Attention If the module is to be used in an environment with vibrations it is strongly advisable to solder the radio card on its slot after integration 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 The two 5V and 3 3V power inputs must never be used together Lhe VI ADMINISTRATION VI 1 Configuration overview The configuration data is kept in an area of the Flash EPROM During firmware startup the configuration data is loaded into RAM and immediately used to set up the operational parameters Changes made to the configuration act on the RAM copy which is saved to EPROM afterwards Most changes will then be taken into account at the next startup There are a few exceptions for operational parameters like the logging level or the MAC addresses filter table There are five means to change the configuration data In the browser and pushbutton cases the changes are saved automatically to Flash EPROM TELNET Console terminal NDM Reset interface button liceali Nan ta ak ec er Oc i as ka A cp cas La Configuration Factory default data settings Backup configuration on C Key Some products have an optional external backup memory named C Key When a C Key containing valid configuration data is mounted on the product the configuration stored in internal EPROM is ignored and the C Key configuration is used instead Configuration changes are
24. e region for reachable access points with the indicated SSID Otherwise it will scan only the selected channel s 802 11d When the 802 11d option is enabled in the Advanced wireless menu the product is further constrained by the allowed channels list sent by the access point Overlapping radio channels The radio channel is only an indication of the central frequency in use Modulation enlarges the channel to a 25 MHz band This must be taken into account when several Wi Fi cells are near to each other otherwise the effective performance will decrease due to interferences This point is especially important when you try to cover a geographic area with several access points Channel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 25 MHz i 25 MHz 2399 5 2412 2437 2462 2484 5 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz Frequency Although the use of non overlapping channels 1 6 and 11 has limits when products are too close the 1 6 11 guideline has merit If transmitter channels are chosen closer than channels 1 6 and 11 for example 1 4 7 and 10 overlap between the channels may cause unacceptable degradation of signal quality and throughput 11 11 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 ls IV 2 7 Antenna On products providing a secondary AUX antenna plug you can direct communication to that antenna When two antennas are connected the diversity choice enhances recept
25. ear Allow association to all except the access point in this list subject to Filter Settings Enable MAC Address Computer Name 00 0e 8e 08 68 28 Computeri pd 9 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1771 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 Dop IV 4 Roaming IV 4 1 Overview The roaming ability allows a wireless mobile station the infrastructure client mode in the ACKSYS products to switch from an access point to another without losing the network connection Without this ability a Wi Fi client station will not connect to another access point until connection has been lost with the current Access Point This process can take several seconds during which no data can be exchanged with the Wi Fi network The roaming time the time necessary for the station to switch from one access point to another that is already available depends on many factors that must be mastered to obtain a roaming time as short and constant as possible An important parameter is the quality of the radio link between the station and the access point The RSSI is the measure of this quality IV 4 2 Understanding the roaming process Two distinct cases require roaming Loss of the access point In this case the AP is lost abruptly without prior decrease of the RSSI This happens if there are shadowed areas in the radio coverage or if the current AP experiences a power failure Obstacle preventing radio communication Wall vegetat
26. ear text challenge 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 18 III The client has to encrypt the challenge text using the configured WEP key and send it back in another authentication request IV The Access Point decrypts the information and compares it with the clear text it had sent Depending on the result of this comparison the Access Point sends back a positive or negative response After the authentication and association WEP can be used for encrypting the data frames At first glance it might seem as though Shared Key authentication is more secure than Open System authentication since the latter offers no real authentication However it is quite the reverse It is possible to derive the static WEP key by capturing the four handshake frames in Shared Key authentication Hence it is advisable to use Open System authentication for WEP authentication rather than Shared Key authentication Note that both authentication mechanisms are weak IV 3 2 WPA WPA2 encryption WPA requires stations to use high grade encryption and authentication WPA Mode WPA _y Cipher Type TKIP WPA greatly increases the level of over the air data protection and access control on existing and future Wi Fi networks It addresses all known weaknesses of Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP the original native security mechanism in the 802 11 standard WPA not only provides strong data encryption to cor
27. er products operating in the 2 4 GHz band Devices operating in the 2 4 GHz range include microwave ovens Bluetooth devices baby monitors and old cordless telephones 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 071 0062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 14 802 11a Typical Bit Rate Range throughput Max Outside Op Frequency 5 GHz 20Mbit s 54 Mbit s The 802 11a operates in 5 GHz band with a maximum raw data rate of 54 Mbit s which yields a realistic mean throughput in the mid 20 Mbit s Since the 2 4 GHz band is often saturated using the relatively unused 5 GHz band gives 802 1la provides a significant advantage However this high carrier frequency also brings a slight disadvantage The effective overall range of 802 11a is slightly less than that of 802 11b g 802 1la signals cannot penetrate as far as those for 802 11b because they are absorbed more easily by walls and other solid objects in their path IV 2 5 Super AG Mode Super AG Mode includes performance enhancing features such as Packet Bursting FastFrames and Compression Can be used only between compatible devices equipped with compatible Atheros M radio cards Super AG can be used gt Without turbo gt With Dynamic turbo the network automatically selects if a turbo should be enabled gt With Static turbo the turbo is always enabled The available rates with these options are 108 Mbps 96 Mbps 72 Mbps 54 Mbps 48 Mbps 36
28. es from all access points within range advertising their SSIDs and can choose one to connect to based on pre configuration or by displaying a list of SSIDs in range and asking the user to select one Devices participating in a Wi Fi communication must all use the same SSID When you are browsing for available wireless networks this name will appear in the list For security purposes we highly recommend changing the pre configured network name IV 2 4 802 11 mode There are 3 kinds of wireless networks available 802 11b 802 11g and 802 11a 802 11b Typical Bit Rate Range Range OD Reno throughput Max Indoor Outside 2 4 GHz 4 5 Mbit s 11 Mbit s 35m 150m 802 11b has a maximum raw data rate of 11 Mbit s and uses the same media access method defined in the original standard 802 11b devices suffer interference from other products operating in the 2 4 GHz band Devices operating in the 2 4 GHz range include microwave ovens Bluetooth devices baby monitors and old cordless telephones 802 11g Typical Bit Rate Range Range throughput Max Indoor Outside Op Frequency 2 4 GHz 20 Mbit s 54 Mbit s 30 m 75 m This works in the 2 4 GHz band like 802 11b but operates at a maximum raw data rate of 54 Mbit s or about 19 Mbit s mean throughput 802 11g hardware is fully backward compatible with 802 11b hardware Like 802 11b 802 11g devices suffer interference from oth
29. h pings 4 times the given ipaddress destination and indicates answer or timeout Check security parameters when installing always disable all security parameters until everything else work correctly Add security parameters at the end when you are sure about the whole configuration parameters Security parameters include gt Keys WEP WPA WPA2 gt Filters MAC address filters Check Wi Fi parameters all the communicating devices must have matching Wi Fi parameters Check the SSID the channel the 802 11 mode a b g or mixed b g the topology infrastructure or ad hoc If in doubt set the same given fixed channel on all communicating devices gt The CLI has a command show net wlan which shows surrounding access points while in serial administration mode 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 2711 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 58 IX APPENDIX RADIO CHANNELS LIST IX 1 802 11b g 2 4GHz These networks use the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical radio band on the 2 3995 2 4965 spectrum i i Allowed by 1 2 412 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 2 2 417 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 3 2 422 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 4 2 427 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 5 2 432 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 6 2 437 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 7 2 442 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 8 2 447 Asia MKK E
30. he service is Virtual COM server check for remote flow control set by the remote device 6 Check the remote is sending This depends on the diagnostic capabilities of the remote device In case of doubt use a network sniffer i e WireShark If this test is unfeasible proceed to step 7 7 Check the remote is receiving This should at least make some kind of LED blink on the receiver synchronously with the Serial Tx Rx LED of the sender Other diagnostic means may exist on the remote receiver like network interface counters 8 Check for firewalls in the remote computer or in intermediary routers Firewalls may be asymmetric checks done in one direction may be different from checks done in the other gt Especially with UDP raw port server check that the remote application is listening on the right port and not filtering out the IP address of the sender 9 With UDP raw port server TCP raw port client and MODBUS TCP master check in the web page BASIC gt serial port that the product sends back to the correct remote computer and application port Use a network sniffer if in doubt 10 Data received from the serial port of the product will store up in a buffer and go to the network depending on several conditions If these conditions are not met data will not be sent gt With a master MODBUS TCP the condition is that the remote MODBUS TCP slave is listening Check the transaction timeout
31. ing very quickly Emergency upgrade mode Flashing once per second Searching a DHCP server Blinking 3 times second raw TCP client service searching a server VV V 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 SO Check Diag WLAN LEDs If the product is set for infrastructure station mode it will try to connect to an access point with corresponding configuration channel protocol keys and SSID During the search the Diag red and WLAN blue LEDS will blink alternately gt Insure that the access point is in range gt Insure that the access point Wi Fi and security parameters match the product Wi Fi and security parameters Serial is slave application type This means that the device connected to the serial port of the product never sends data on its own it must be requested to do so by a command sent to its the serial port Examples are MODBUS slaves gt Request response oriented slave devices gt Serial printers gt Call only modems This type of application requires checking the network side before the serial port side Serial is master application type This means that the device connected to the serial port will issue data to the serial port on its own Examples are gt MODBUS masters gt Automatic answering modems gt Serial keyboards consoles mice gt Permanent flows of data video sound This type of application requires checking the serial
32. ints on a given channel It is available in multichannel mode only If it is too short access points may not be found The default scan duration value is 100ms AP loss detection This field sets the AP loss time out in units of beacon intervals APs periodically broadcast beacon frames to advertise their availability The loss of so many beacons indicates that the AP was abruptly lost and roaming is required To lower the AP loss time out you can Lower this field Set the beacon period in your AP to a lower value The default count for AP loss detection is 5 beacons Multi channel scan timing diagram The station listens to channel 6 The station listens to and receives beacons from channel 6 and receives AP2 Data from API is lost the beacons from AP2 The station communicates on The station is back on channel channel 1 with its associated AP 1 to listen and communicate Al Y Y Y sion 4A AA l I l l I l A AR associated l I AP2 Lise brad Beacon Interval Scan duration l e a Beacon from AP 1 x Scan period Beacon from AP 2 Data transmission Warning Since the radio channel scan disrupts the current connection the current connection on channel X will be temporarily stopped to allow the station to scan channel Y it is advisable to use only one channel when roaming is enabled also called mono channel mode In this case the stat
33. ion Station trip AP1 radiation Q O AP2 Ena cone AP1 ApS Position A the communication with AP1 is excellent Position B Communication with AP1 ceases abruptly when the obstacle is passed The station must find AP2 and associate with it Position C the station associates with AP2 and communication resumes 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 es Better access point found This more common case happens when several APs cover the same area Roaming threshold Station trip A B C DEF G AP1 radiation AP2 radiation cone Q cone In this example the RSSI that the mobile station measures evolves as shown in the following table Position A B C D E F G In the illustration above assuming the following threshold parameters Scan threshold 50 of maximum RSSI Roaming threshold 45 of the maximum RSSI Position A the communication with AP1 is excellent Since the current RSSI 100 is greater than the scan threshold 50 there will be no scan Position B RSSI with API is under 50 so the scan process for another AP is engaged Position C the station enters AP2 radio coverage Position D the station reaches the roaming threshold 45 but did not yet find a better access point than API Position E AP2 RSSI is better than AP1 RSSI so the station will roam to AP2 and disconnect from API Position F The scan process still
34. ion With one MAIN antenna only use the main or diversity setting IV 2 8 Transmission Rate By default the fastest possible transmission rate will be selected If necessary you may modify the speed This setting acts on sent frames only reception depends on the remote decision When transmission failures occur retransmissions are automatically done at gradually lower rates IV 3 Wireless security WEP WPA WPA2 and MAC filters There are many technologies available to counteract wireless network intrusion but currently no method is absolutely secure The best strategy may be to combine a number of security measures Possible steps towards securing a wireless network include 1 All wireless LAN devices need to be secured 2 All users of the wireless network need to be trained in wireless network security 3 All wireless networks need to be actively monitored for weaknesses and breaches Available wireless security protections are Not broadcasting the SSID access point only feature MAC ID filtering WEP encryption WPA or WPA2 PSK Pre Shared Key WPA or WPA2 Enterprise also known as 802 1x or RADIUS VVVVV WEP encryption vs WPA and WPA2 encryption The encryption depends on the wireless topology In ad hoc mode only WEP encryption is available because WPA requires a point to point link in order to establish the cryptographic keys In infrastructure mode there is a point to point li
35. ion will continually check for better access points by listening to the 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 27 beacons sent by the APs around this mode is called passive mode scan It will also periodically broadcast probe requests to find AP that were not seen during the passive mode scan this is the active mode scan The period can be specified by the user and is called scan period However when two or more channels are used multichannel mode it is A impossible to keep scanning all channels So some new options are available in this mode gt RSSI scan threshold the scan is activated when the RSSI drops below this level it doesn t make sense to scan other channels while the connection with the access point is excellent Obviously this threshold must be higher than the roaming threshold gt Scan duration During this whole time both passive and active mode are used to scan the radio channel In the multi channel mode one different radio channel is scanned at each scan period Warning the shorter the scan period or the longer the scan duration the more the current connection bandwidth is affected The access point discovery will take more time as more channels must be scanned IV 5 Long distance Wi Fi You can establish Wi Fi links over several miles but it requires some caution gt
36. ivers It provides a transmit enable signal useful to turn the RS485 transmitter on and off Wi Fi activity active low LED Output 2 Active low signal to show Wi Fi activity driver Serial TX RX activity active Output 2 Active high signal to show serial activity high LED driver Dc Output 2 Active high signal to show errors diags high LED driver P en ten 8 1 Input signals electrical characteristics 2 Output signals electrical characteristics Vmax 5 5V nominal 3 3V Vmax 3 3V Vih 2 0Vmin Voh 2 4Vmin Vil 0 8Vmax Vol 0 4Vmax 24 mA available 2 15 13 14 12 1 4 10 11 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 42 V 8 4 Application note 1Khoms CO330LBC7 3 34 has TLLR4401 3 3v HY TLLG4401 330homs Pin15 Pin2 Warning the product must not be powered from the two power sources 3 3V and 5V simultaneously Pin16 Pin4 Pin10 Pin11 Pin14 WLg DONGLE OEM Pin1 Pin3 Pin5 Pin Pin Ping Ping Pini2 Pin13 Administration mode driven by a UART CPU embedded UART RS232 422 485 transceivers switch or any kind of I O pin from a remote CPU Connect to the DE pin of a RS485 line driver May also serve as a start stop signal between two line drivers The HE10 connector to use on your board to plug the module into is th
37. mes gt The device receives data but is misconfigured and does not answer bad device address flow control blocking the answer 6 If data is received it will store up in a buffer and go to the network depending on several conditions If these conditions are not met data will not be sent gt With a slave MODBUS TCP the condition is that the remote MODBUS TCP master is keeping the connection open until it gets the reply from its request Check the serial timeout setting in the product and the reply timeout setting in the remote master gt With other serial services the condition is configurable in the web page BASIC serial port in the send triggers section or with the set sendtrigger command of the CLI 7 With UDP raw port server and TCP raw port client check in the web page BASICserial port that the product sends back to the correct remote computer and application port Use a network sniffer if in doubt 8 Check for firewalls in the remote computer or in intermediary routers Firewalls may be asymmetric checks done in one direction may be different from checks done in the other gt With UDP raw port server check that the remote application is listening 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 121115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 255 VIII 3 Serial is master Check cables 3 Check network connectivity 2 Check your device configuration 4 Check serial emissio
38. n 5 Check remote is sending 6 No net wl OK gt Net data out Check remote is Check remote receiving 7 configuration 11 done Check remote Check remote configuration 11 configuration 8 a one Check destination 9 es done Check encapsulation 10 from the product viewpoint 1 Check device emission when the device plugged into the port server product is sending data the serial Tx Rx LED on the product should turn on continuous data flow or flash framed data 2 Check network connectivity run the ping utility found on most operating systems to insure that the computer from which you manage the product can access it Then use TELNET to connect to the CLI 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 56 interface of the product log in and use the PING command towards the remote application If the remote does not answer to PING commands proceed to the A diagram 3 Check the cabling Insure that the Tx and Rx signals need not be crossed In RS422 RS485 insure that A and B need not be crossed check A and B as well 4 Check the configuration of your device Check serial port emission connect to the web administration page STATUS gt statistics and check that the serial transmit counter is increasing If yes proceed to step 3 Else check for local serial flow control page BASIC gt serial port or if t
39. n checked the corresponding source will be set to automatic reset mode When unchecked the corresponding source will be set to manual reset mode Alarm type Alarm status Ack alarm Power 1 down Power 2 down alarm reset WLAN link down Ack alarm Clears the alarm source 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 38 V 6 C Key The C Key is an optional component used for product configuration backup It must be inserted or removed only when the product is powered off NOTE The C Key is optional if not ordered the product is delivered without a C Key In its place there is a cover Writing the current configuration in the C Key The configuration data is automatically written in the C Key as well as in internal Flash EPROM while parameters are saved The configuration is automatically written in the C Key only if the configuration data currently in the C Key is valid and compatible with your product Otherwise you must use the web administration interface to force writing to the C Key Using the stored configuration When the C Key is detected at start up if the configuration data currently in the C Key is valid and compatible with your product the product will automatically load its configuration from the C Key Furthermore if the C Key has been previously used with another product it will be copied onto the internal copy of the configuration If the C Key contents are invalid or
40. n is available in several places gt The quick installation guide specific to each product gt This document provides detailed specifications for the product All recommendations for equipment installation such as power supplies antennas and connection cables are also documented there gt The manual specific to each serial service gt The online help provided by the web administration pages This reference guide describes the latest version of the product firmware Please read the change log which can be downloaded from ACKSYS web site to check firmware features changes 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 071 0062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 II GLOSSARY amp ACRONYMS Active scan Finding access point by sending a probe requesting an answer AES A cryptographic method which WPA and WPA2 can use AP Access Point Beacon frame broadcast periodically by access points signaling their existence and parameters SSID CLI Command Line Interface a configuration system where you type commands using a console or console emulator C Key A removable memory component for configuration backup available on the WLg IDA S and other ACKSYS products DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol a system to obtain an IP address automatically by asking to a preinstalled DHCP server RC4 A cryptographic method which WEP WPA and WPA2 can use RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication Passive scan Finding access points by listening
41. nd Canada FCC 13 channels gt 5 150 to 5 250 GHz Called U NII I gt 5 250 to 5 350 GHz Called U NII II gt 5 725 to 5 825 Called U NII III Europe ETSI 19 channels gt 5 150 to 5 350 GHz gt 5 5 to 5 725 Japan TELEC 4 channels gt 5 150 to 5 250 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010
42. nected on this model In order to evaluate these products ACKSYS provides an evaluation module called WLg DONGLE OEM EVAL which is equivalent to a WLg DONGLE without its housing and with a WLg DONGLE OEM compatible HE10 connector V 8 1 Electrical protection The HE10 connector is directly connected to the CPU pins Applying ESD or overvoltages to the HE10 connector may destroy the module V 8 2 Dimensions 27 78 HH Al E y A 3 22 MiniPCI RF A 7 VOY y Oy i 4 24 DOS N al oH o A N dd 11 654 12 734 2284 ___ gt 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 071 062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 40 WLg DONGLE OEM EVAL WLg DONGLE OEM 232 14 7 15 34 15 8 44 1 52 2 76 8 WLg DONGLE OEM TTL 8 54 0 se 49 o Ai y ll 15 8 44 14 gt 52 2 76 8 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 lt A V 8 3 Connector WLg DONGLE OEM 232 and WLg DONGLE OEM EVAL models refer to the WLg DONGLE documentation for the DB9 connector Female HE10 reference Nicomatic 3y 20 131 16 1 Hn06O00 D 00O0000 HE10 J3 Pin 2 3 3V or Pin 15 5V Power supply If the module is powered at Power supply 3 3V VCC 5V through pin 15 pin 2 is a 3 3V output and must not be 3 5Wmax connected If the module is powered at VCC 3 3V through pin 2 pin 15 must not be co
43. ned in the EIA 485 and V11 recommendations such that Vir lt Vse when idle state also called MARK or OFF transmission reception of stop bits Connect signal AA of the product to signal AA of the equipment Connect signal BB of the product to signal BB of the equipment Line polarization Line polarization is needed for stability in RS485 mode and RS422 mode in multidrop Master Slave set up also called RS485 4 wires Line polarization is integrated in the product and can be switched on refer to the quick installation guide Only one single polarization pair must be set on the bus Terminating resistor The terminating resistor for the RS422 RS485 line reduces reflections created by long lines at high speeds It is not required in noise free environment and if the distance and the rate are within 1000 meters at 9600 bps or 100 meters at 115200 bps Terminating resistor is integrated in the product and can be switched on refer to the quick installation guide Cable length LOK 4 1 2K HOZPHUHYO 100 10 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M bps BAUDRATE 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 3
44. nk between each station and its associated Access Point and you can use WEP or WPA WPA2 These security parameters are configurable in the BASIC WIRELESS menu 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 17 IV 3 1 WEP encryption WEP is the wireless encryption standard To use it you must enter the same key s into the Access Point and the wireless stations For 64 bit keys you must enter 10 hex digits into each key box For 128 bit keys you must enter 26 hex digits into each key box A hex digit is either a number from 0 to 9 or a letter from A to F For the most secure use of WEP set the authentication type to Shared Key when WEP is enabled You may also enter any text string into a WEP key box in which case it will be converted into a hexadecimal key using the ASCII values of the characters A maximum of 5 text characters can be entered for 64 bit keys and a maximum of 13 characters for 128 bit keys WEP Key Length 64 bit 10 hex digits length applies to all keys WEP Key 1 eeececcees WEP Key 2 eecececcese WEP Key 3 eeececcese WEP Key 4 eeeccecece Default WEP Key WEP Key v Authentication Open v WEP is a method of encrypting data for wireless communication and is intended to provide the same level of privacy as a wired network However WEP is not as secure as WPA encryption To gain access to a WEP network you must know the key The key is a string
45. nnected Pin 2 3 3V or Pin 15 5V Power supply If the module is powered at Alternate power 5 VCC 5V through pin 15 pin 2 is a 3 3V output and must not be supply SWmax connected If the module is powered at VCC 3 3V through pin 2 pin 15 must not be connected RI active low Input 1 RING serial port input inverted RX active low Input 1 RxD data in serial port input 0 for space state 3 3V 5V for mark state DCD active low Input 1 DCD serial port input inverted DSR active low Input 1 DSR serial port input inverted CTS active low Input 1 CTS serial port input inverted Pin 14 Administration The module can be put by hardware in administration mode so that I may be configured through its serial interface To enter administration mode pin 14 must be driven to OV The serial port then changes to 1200 bauds 8 bits no parity 1 stop bit Serial port admin and sends a banner and a prompt See the firmwares manuals for a list of Input 1 mode active low available commands Pin 14 set to 0 V administration mode Pin 14 set to 3 3V 5V exploitation mode TX active low Output 2 TxD data out serial port output 0 for space state 3 3V for mark state 5 RTS active low Output 2 RTS serial port output inverted DTR active low Output 2 DTR serial port output inverted Pin 1 RS485 turnaround This pin allows using a two wires RS485 1 07 Output 2 bus External RS485 dr
46. of characters that you create When using WEP you will need to determine the level of encryption The type of encryption determines the key length 128 bit encryption requires a longer key than 64 bit encryption Keys are defined by entering a string in HEX hexadecimal using characters 0 9 A F or ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange alphanumeric characters format ASCII format is provided so that you can enter a string that is easier to remember The ASCII string is converted into HEX for use over the network Four keys can be defined so that you can change keys easily A default key is selected for use on the network Authentication Two methods of authentication can be used with WEP Open System authentication and Shared Key authentication In Open System authentication the WLAN client need not provide its credentials to the Access Point during authentication Thus any client regardless of its WEP keys can authenticate itself with the Access Point and then attempt to associate In effect no authentication in the true sense of the term occurs After the authentication and association WEP can be used for encrypting the data frames At this point the client needs to have the right keys In Shared Key authentication WEP is used for authentication A four way challenge response handshake is used I The client station sends an authentication request to the Access Point II The Access Point sends back a cl
47. ossssevees 45 VIL FIRMWARE UPGRADES ccciccsssosiscosssessicvscsnoccdscasseccsdecesssosstesescessusesiscosensensaccoceccsueveadsosvoscessssessesdnessoessees 47 VIL 1 STANDARD UPGRADE WEB BROWSER OR ACKSYS NDM erre 47 VII 2 UPGRADING WHILE IN SERIAL ADMINISTRATION MODE cccccrceeeeereeee eee cene eee e eee re eee 48 MAI 49 VII 4 FALLBACK AFTER AN INTERRUPTED UPGRADE OPERATION e 00ccceesese ceci c sese eee eee ceci ceci eee eee eee eee eee 49 SU TROUBLESBROOTINE sscsssecestescedeccosesacsecostecoosecsossevoeusesssssaeeduscescassnesoscessescssouseoesesbesccseceesusacescscsceusesseous 51 VABBE TIA 08 RAR ORE CERRI ORC RAR E AA dI AAA ALA Lalla calle 53 ST Fe SSB TAT WS RET lilla ia 35 INT A Discrau AT NETWORK CONMECIIATE ss LOR dI IX APPENDIX RADIO CHANNELS LIST soscisisrsscssosisisssicsssisssrevsssssessosossis scssas osassssosvssssavasivossrssisv voss se 58 IRA UA RETA ARI ada 58 DECENTE ET 59 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 071 0062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT ELANK 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 I INTRODUCTION This reference guide applies to the following products gt WLg DONGLE gt WLg DONGLE OEM and derived products gt WLg IDA S gt WLg xROAD S It covers a product architecture overview installation administration usage and firmware upgrade information Further informatio
48. pertain to an incompatible product the C Key will be ignored and the product will get its configuration from its internal memory C Key management interface The web interface has a page that allows managing the C Key contents Copy current settings to the C Key Copy C KEY settings to the product Copy current settings to the C KEY This action erases the C Key contents and replaces it with the current settings Copy C KEY settings to the product This button copies the C Key configuration to the product internal memory V 7 Dual power supply Products with a dual power supply can be powered from either source The state of the power sources can be used as alarm sources in which case they can be monitored on the Status gt Alarm web page and with an external device plugged to the alarm contact Only one source is needed for the product to work properly 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 4901 V 8 WLg DONGLE OEM integration data The WLg DONGLE OEM TTL is a module aimed to add Wi Fi connectivity to existing PCBs equipped with an asynchronous serial port A HE10 connector conveys the power supply the serial control and the serial data signals between the PCB and the product The signals are LVTTL 3 3V TTL compatible The WLg DONGLE OEM 232 is similar but with an integrated DB9 connector supporting the RS232 compatible serial port The HE10 serial inputs must not be con
49. port side before the network side 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 53 VIL 2 Serial is slave Check network connectivity 1 No OK gt es Check product emission 2 No L OK De out Check serial Check device configuration 3 emission 5 Was aL K gt No as OK es Check application Check configuration 4 encapsulation 6 es Check destination 7 es done done Check application configuration 8 done from the product viewpoint 1 Check network connectivity run the ping utility found on most operating systems to insure that the computer hosting the application software can access the serial port server If the product does not answer to PING commands proceed to the A diagram 2 Check serial emission Unplug the serial device from the port server Start the remote application software The serial Tx Rx LED should turn on continuous data flow or flash framed data gt Special case if you have configured hardware flow control leave the serial device plugged to the product PLUG BACK THE DEVICE when done with this check 3 Check that no flow control would prevent data going out the serial port and that the relevant serial service is selected it must match the remote application needs and configuration Some services need to know the authorized remote computer address and application port Correct as needed 5
50. rames 1V 4 3 Configuring gt gt The ACKSYS roaming solution allows configuring the various aspects discussed above The roaming configuration parameters are found in two pages of the web interface BASIC gt Wireless Roaming enable and disable basic parameters After setting these roaming will work in usual cases ADVANCED Wireless Fine tuning to make roaming mach the expected performance of your system Some parameters not directly related to roaming also have an impact Number of retransmissions for each data rate Number of channels in the AP cell see AP configuration Beacon transmission frequency see AP configuration Basic Wireless menu The roaming mode can be activated using the following option Roaming Mode pisable Enable In order to enable the roaming mode the Auto channel select option must first be cleared and one or more channels must be selected When Enable is set the Basic Roaming Settings will appear and an extra Advanced roaming settings section will become available in the ADVANCED Wireless page When roaming mode is disabled the station will not search an AP until it loses connectivity with its current AP Once the channels are selected the station will only see the access points using the same channels To achieve high performance it is advisable to select only one channel 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 17115062 Release A 2 De
51. ration through the network NOTE Wi Fi configuration in admin mode When the Admin switch is ON besides using the serial port for administration the product will also try to communicate on the Wi Fi side using the factory defaults It will try to get an IP address with DHCP and will also use its default IP address as a fallback VI 4 1 Establish network connectivity You first need to establish a network path from your computer to the product This involves properly setting IP addresses the Wi Fi link and optionally an intermediate Ethernet connection Only one new product can be used on the LAN at a given time until you have assigned a different IP address on each one Otherwise IP address conflicts will result If you use several products with the same IP in succession do not forget to clear the ARP cache of your computer Here are some typical cases PC with a Wi Fi card Product with the Admin switch turned ON or with factory settings Peer to peer ad hoc Wireless network 802 11b channel 6 SSID acksys PC with Ethernet access only Product with the Admin switch turned ON or with factory settings Ethernet Wi Fi bridge Peer to peer ad hoc Wireless network 802 11b channel 6 SSID acksys Ethernet connection with Wi Fi ad hoc mode IP address 192 168 1 xxx IP address 192 168 1 253 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 2715062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 46
52. receiver within a meter or operating above allowed power levels 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 17115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 _ 59 IX 2 802 11a h 5 GHz These networks use the 5 GHz radio band UN II Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Channel irte i Power Allowed by 34 5 170 Japan TELEC 36 5 180 40 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 38 5 190 Japan TELEC 40 5 200 40 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 42 5 210 Japan TELEC 44 5 220 40 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 46 5 230 Japan TELEC 48 5 240 40 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 52 5 260 250 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 56 5 280 250 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 60 5 300 250 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 64 5 320 250 mW FCC 200 mW ETSI Europe ETSI US FCC 100 5 500 1W Europe ETSI 104 5 520 1W Europe ETSI 108 5 540 1W Europe ETSI 112 5 560 1W Europe ETSI 116 5 580 1W Europe ETSI 120 5 600 1W Europe ETSI 124 5 620 1W Europe ETSI 128 5 640 1W Europe ETSI 132 5 660 1W Europe ETSI 136 5 680 1W Europe ETSI 140 5 700 1W Europe ETSI 149 5 745 1W US FCC 153 5 765 1W US FCC 157 5 785 1W US FCC 161 5 805 1W US FCC 165 5 825 1W US FCC Summary US a
53. rect the weaknesses of WEP it adds user authentication that was largely missing in WEP WPA is designed to secure all versions of 802 11 devices including 802 11b 802 11a and 802 11g multi band and multi mode WPA is the older standard select this option if the Access Point only supports the older standard WPA2 is the newer implementation of the stronger IEEE 802 111 security standard The cipher type is the encryption algorithm used to secure the data communication TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol provides per packet key generation and is based on WEP AES Advanced Encryption Standard is a very secure block based encryption You can choose from 4 security options WPA Mode Cipher Type TKIP default RC4 TKIP RC4 CCMP WPA2 AES TKIP WPA2 AES default AES CCMP 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 19 Security in pre shared key mode PSK In Pre Shared Key mode PSK also known as personal mode each Access Point client must provide a password to access the network The password may be from 8 to 63 printable ASCII characters Most operating systems allow the password to be stored to avoid re typing The password must also remain stored in the Wi Fi access point Pre Shared Key eeeecece All Wi Fi devices on your Wi Fi cell must have the same Pre Shared Key Overview of security in WPA WPA2 Enterprise mode WPA WPA2 Enterprise or 802 1x provides authentication
54. runs because the new RSSI with AP is under the scan threshold Position G The station stops scanning because the current RSSI with AP2 is higher than the scan threshold In order to always find quickly an AP in both cases the station must Scan the configured channels to maintain a list of APs with which the station could associate should one of the two cases arise Monitor the continuity of the exchanges with the current AP Watch the RSSI of the current AP to detect when a better one is available 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 24 But there are difficulties inherent to the radio media Scanning many radio channels inevitably causes a performance loss In fact when the mobile station listen to a channel other than that of the current AP it cannot communicate with the AP Detecting the loss of the AP is slow because the mobile station must wait for the loss of several management frames from the AP before concluding to a loss In the meanwhile the data frames are still sent to the AP Since they are not acknowledged they will be retransmitted many times and then lost A data frame sent must be acknowledged by the AP Else it is first retransmitted several times at the current bit rate then several times at a lower bit rate and so on until the AP acknowledges or the lowest bit rate fails as well The lower the bit rate the longer the time taken to transmit f
55. s allowed 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 2711 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 20 V 4 RS422 RS485 port This section only applies to products that provide RS422 RS485 connectivity The normalized identifiers for RS422 RS485 differential cables are A B A B We will use these names to avoid the misleading non standard names and used by some manufacturers Software configuration The electrical interface must be specified in the software configuration The default configuration is set to RS232 mode Check the administration section for more information RS422 mode cabling Identify A A B amp B signals on the equipment side Some equipments document these signals with other names as follows A Tx A Rx B Tx B Rx The points A B A and B are as defined in the EIA 422 and VII recommendations such that Va lt Vg and Va lt Vg when idle state also called MARK or OFF transmission reception of stop bits Connect signal A of the product to signal A of the equipment Connect signal B of the product to signal B of the equipment Connect signal A of the product to signal A of the equipment Connect signal B of the product to signal B of the equipment 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 LOS RS485 mode cabling Identify AA amp BB signals on the equipment side The points AA and BB are as defi
56. s configured this was the default on previous products gt login root Password root OK root gt 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 47 VII FIRMWARE UPGRADES VII 1 Standard upgrade Web browser or Acksys NDM VII 1 1 Web interface Uploading a new version of the firmware is easily done from the web interface page TOOLS firmware Eco ADMIN TIME SYSTEM FIRMWARE Firmware Upgrade The Firmware Upgrade section can be used to update to the latest firmware code to improve functionality and performance Save Settings Don t Save Settings Current Firmware Version 3 2 1 Current Firmware Date 27 jul 2007 To upgrade the firmware your PC must have a wired connection to the Access Point Enter the name of the firmware upgrade file and click on the Upload button Upload Parcourir All previous configuration changes will be left unchanged 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 1771 2062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 48 VII 1 2 Acksys NDM fia tail bdo EA noa SG conga p Duran Ena Hide selection 7 Mprodects 21 Product Funcom mues tocan y Access parta 2 Select in the list the products you wish to upgrade and click the Upgrade button te Upgrade MAC address Name IP address 00 0E 8E 08 6B D6 ACKSYS Device 192 168 1 201 00 80 48 47 8B 6F ACKSYS Device 192 168 1 2
57. saved both to the internal memory and to the C Key When a C Key prepared on a product is plugged in another compatible product the C Key is copied to the internal EPROM upon next reboot The radio card MAC address is used to determine whether the C Key was moved from one product to another Browser Web interface The Web administration provides tools to clear copy to and from the C Key VI 1 1 Factory default Wi Fi configuration The default configuration may be reset with the reset pushbutton Usually it will allow direct access to the product from a computer equipped with a Wi Fi card In other cases you will need to set up a Wi Fi Ethernet bridge device in ad hoc mode Network defaults are as follows Mode ad hoc SSID acksys Channel 6 mode 802 11B No key protection neither WEP nor WPA WPA2 IP address 192 168 1 253 If you have no means to connect to the product with the defaults you can change the configuration through the serial port see CLI administration 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 44 VI 2 RESET button Anyone having physical access to the product can reset it to factory settings A without any password protection He she could replace it by another pre configured product anyway so there is no point protecting that VI 3 Administration through the serial port You can configure the product through the
58. serial port In this mode you do not need a password You will be prompted to type in textual commands terminated by Enter or newline CR LF depending on your terminal VI 3 1 Select Administrator mode Push the Admin switch towards the ON position The red DIAG light will start to blink twice per second unevenly VI 3 2 Connect to the serial port of a PC You can use the provided null modem cable and plug it directly into a standard DB9 male connector such as a PC COM port VI 3 3 Run a terminal emulator Below we describe how to work with a PC with Windows a COM port and the ATTY emulator Other terminal emulators HyperTerminal PUTTY devices ANSI console or operating systems Linux with minicom or cu can be used but this is beyond the scope of this manual On the CD ROM go to the Wi Fi ports servers page and follow the Miscellaneous tools for diagnostic and maintenance link at the top of the page Start ATTY Select the PC port where you plugged the cable and the following port parameters 2400 bauds bits second 8 bits parity none 1 stop bit no flow control ATTY now displays a blank window Hit the ENTER key to display the admin prompt You can resize the font if you need to Refer to the manual of the firmware you plan to use to learn about available commands 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 45 VI 4 Administ
59. servers to provide additional redundancy gt Raw UDP client server MULTIPOINT module With this service data exchange can take place to and from other products as well as with customer applications The protocol is easy to implement it handles unicast and broadcast addressing However data may be lost during network transfers since no controls are done Serial services are further grouped into modules depending on the network protocols used Each of them is described in its own reference manual gt SERVERCOM module TCP server raw or RFC2217 compatible See SERVERCOM UserGuide DTUS043 pdf gt MODBUS module handles MODBUS TCP See MODBUS TCP UserGuide DTUS041 pdf gt TCPCLIENT module raw TCP client See TCPCLIENT UserGuide DTUS045 pdf gt MULTIPOINT module UDP datagrams unconnected exchanges See MULTIPOINT UserGuide DTUS056 pdf 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 271 5062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 10 IV 1 2 Selecting the right serial service If you want to access a remote serial device in the same manner as a local port including control signals e usually the Virtual COM VIP service on the device side and a COM port redirector like VIP on the computer will do that If your devices use the MODBUS protocol MODBUS devices types Products Configuration e One product in MODBUS slave mode Serial Serial connected to the slave Ascii RTU Ascii RTU le One product in MODBUS m
60. six different kinds of services gt Virtual COM port SERVERCOM module RFC2217 mode This is mainly used to provide a virtual COM port on a Windows operating system using the VIP software A remote application software may also use the TCP Sockets API to implement a TELNET RFC2217 compatible protocol Though this is a lot of work the application gains dynamic control on the product gt MODBUS slave MODBUS module slave mode When the serial port is connected to a MODBUS bus of slave devices the port server product becomes a proxy slave device On the Wi Fi side 1t will act as a MODBUS TCP slave gt MODBUS master MODBUS module master mode When the serial port is connected to a MODBUS bus where there is a bus master the port server product becomes a proxy master for the MODBUS TCP slaves that reside on the Wi Fi side gt Raw TCP server SERVERCOM module RAW mode A remote application software may use the TCP Sockets API to send and receive data to the port server The product configuration is set once during installation the application software does not need to handle dynamic configuration it is thus much easier to design gt Raw TCP client TCPCLIENT module A remote application software may use the TCP Sockets API to implement a TCP server and handle several client products The product calls in the application server when it powers up or when it detects a change on the serial interface It can call alternate
61. to encrypt communications and to check integrity 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 2715062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 e Authentication modus operandi 802 1x uses one of the EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol methods The most commonly used ones are EAP PEAP EAP MD5 EAP TLS EAP TTLS The EAP method used is transparent to the access point On another hand the access point clients like bridges must be aware of the authentication method The choice of method must take into account the capabilities of the server supplicant couple as well as the level of security needed For example a Windows XP SP2 supplicant allows PEAP authentication with login and password called MSCHAP V2 Use of certificates The ACKSYS serial to Wi Fi products can use the MSCHAP Version 2 when the unit works as SUPPLICANT 802 1x configuration WPA WPA2 Enterprise To access the 802 1x Configuration menu select the WPA WPA2 radio button in the Wireless security menu Security Mode None O wep O wpafwpaz psk wpajwpaz This menu configures the station as a supplicant requiring authentication with a RADIUS server Only one EAP method is available here the EAP PEAP with authentication by login and password MS CHAP V2 PEAP MSCHAP 2 Authentication requires login and password Username Password Username This field contains a valid username registered on your
62. to the beacons they send Probe frame broadcast by stations requesting identifying answers WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WEP Wireless Equivalent Privacy weak cryptographic method Wi Fi Friendly name for the IEEE 802 11 standard WN Wireless node any Wi Fi capable station WPA Wi Fi protected Access stronger than WEP WPA2 Wi Fi protected Access version 2 stronger than WPA 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 127112062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 III PRODUCTS LINE OVERVIEW III 1 Products goals This line of products provides Wi Fi connectivity for serial devices These products establish a bi directional gateway between the asynchronous byte oriented serial port and the frame oriented Wi Fi network Configuration RCN See Wi Fi Net to serial p access Serial port Serial to net le The configuration process sets serial port parameters Wi Fi network parameters and defines which high level network protocol is used to communicate with the remote system TCP UDP MODBUS TCP and how serial data is encapsulated into frames Depending on the product extra features are available see section IV 5 11 2 Hardware architecture block diagram Product specific modules are shown in dotted squares Power supply WLg IDA S Wig Gi Wile ii Wig dual 9 36V xROAD S DONGLE DONGLE OEM pi 9 50 i 5V 1 3 3V 5V g Firmware Flash EPROM P
63. uded in the user documentation provided with the product Any changes or modifications including the antennas to this device not expressly approved by the manufacturer may void the user s authority to operate the equipment The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by unauthorized modification of this device or the substitution of the connecting cables and equipment other than manufacturer specified It is the responsibility of the user to correct any interference caused by such unauthorized modification substitution or attachment Manufacturer and any authorized resellers or distributors will assume no liability for any damage or violation of government regulations arising from failing to comply with these guidelines HT Phone 33 0 1 30 56 46 46 Fax 33 0 1 30 56 1295 ACKSYS COMMUNICATIONS amp SYSTEMS www acksys fr 10 rue des Entrepreneurs Hotline support acksys fr Z A Val Joyeux Sales sales acksys fr 78450 VILLEPREUX France 54 Mb Wi Fi port servers user guide 17115062 Release A 2 December 14 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS IRE L Re O 5 GLOSSARY A AC ROWE IMS o oo cvcdecccccecccssccessccssucocsecsovevosucesosctsseecoscecsecec scoeveccesssvouscsonseecscbosasoosbecssercseccesesssoee 6 UH PRODUCTS LINE OVERVIEW vaisscsccecccsieosesccsvccesnosscossscusssesbecsesbunseectsessuscsucesscosoousecevsssoseosecsessbsvesseosncd
64. urope ETSI US FCC 9 2 452 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 10 2 457 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 11 2 462 Asia MKK Europe ETSI US FCC 12 2 467 Asia MKK Europe ETSI 13 2 472 Asia MKK Europe ETSI 14 2 484 Asia MKK Besides specifying the center frequency of each channel 802 11 also specifies in Clause 17 a spectral mask defining the permitted distribution of power across each channel The mask requires that the signal be attenuated by at least 30 dB from its peak energy at 11 MHz from the center frequency the sense in which channels are effectively 22 MHz wide One consequence is that stations can only use every fourth or fifth channel without overlap typically 1 6 and 11 in the Americas 1 13 in Europe etc Another is that channels 1 13 effectively require the band 2401 2483 MHz the actual allocations being for example 2400 2483 5 in the UK 2402 2483 5 in the US etc Since the spectral mask only defines power output restrictions up to 22 MHz from the center frequency to be attenuated by 50 dB it is often assumed that the energy of the channel extends no further than these limits It is more correct to say that given the separation between channels 1 6 and 11 the signal on any channel should be sufficiently attenuated to minimally interfere with a transmitter on any other channel Due to the near far problem a transmitter can impact a receiver on a non overlapping channel but only if it is close to the victim

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