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R&S FS-K112PC NFC Measurement Software User Manual

1. Return values lt Identification gt String containing parameters about the software version Example IDN would return e g Rohde amp Schwarz K112 000000 000 Versionl 0 Usage Query only RST This command initiates a reset of the R amp S FS K112PC A reset restore the default configuration FAA A AAA lt lt lt AA AAA A User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 58 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 3 6 4 Measurement Control Example RST Resets the software Usage Event Measurement Control The following commands are required to perform and control measurements leiwe EE 59 NS ET TE ac cece sec ccecsdecesad snares eaneaden cc caeacadouseesadssdedsectedepadeacsacnenssehcescnenedcacaeauae 59 INITiate REFResh This command updates the measurement results based on the UO data currently in the capture buffer Note that the command does not initiate a recording of new UO data Example INIT REFR Updates the measurement results Usage Event INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a measurement sequence The measurement sequence consists of the recording of I Q data on the measurement equipment and subsequent analysis of the UO data Example INIT Initiates the measurement Usage Event General Commands The following commands are necessary to store and load instrument settings and import and export measurement results FOSA BEE 60 MMEMO NFC LOADJO EE 60 MME MoM NFC LO
2. Example In case of the signal shown below from the Capture Buffer result display the software would include 17 load modulation cycles in the evaluation of the minimum maximum and average traces HFC F analysed Envelope power in of CW 8 8 3 3 D E 7 80 7 81 7 82 7 83 Time ms Fig 3 9 Several NFC F load modulation cycle based on example file NFC F_424kB_Example iq tar 3 2 Numerical Results The numerical results for NFC measurements show various test results in numerical for mat The R amp S FS K112PC features four numerical result displays containing different infor mation about the complete RF signal the NFC poller and the NFC listener gt Select the Overview the Poller Values the Listener Values or the Decoding item from the Window menu File Tools Window Help gt e v Overview Capture Buffer Poller PyT Graph Y Listener Values Listener PyT Graph v Decoding The software opens the corresponding windows and displays the results if already available 3 2 1 Result Overview The result overview contains basic characteristics of the signal that has been analyzed User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 28 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results Currently Analysed Signal Detected Poller Signals NFC Modulation NFC F NFCA 0 NFC Bit Rate kb s 212 NFC B 0 Poller RF NESS ver 1 Listener RF passed Functional Test passed Capture Buffe
3. e Lower limit Shows the minimum value the result may have and still be compliant to the limits specified by the NFC Forum This number is not a test result but is taken from the standard e Minimum Shows the result with the lowest value within the signal section defined for that result R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays A _ _2 z2 _ a _zz _ 22 A Numerical Results The minimum result is determined over all poller signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Average Shows the average result within the signal section defined for that result The average result is determined over all poller signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Maximum Shows the result with the highest value within the signal section defined for that result The maximum result is determined over all poller signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Upper limit Shows the maximum value the result may have and still be compliant to the limits specified by the NFC Forum This number is not a test result but is taken from the standard The contents depend on the NFC standard The main difference are the timing results In case of the NFC A modulation type the low state transition is split into several sections each with a different but fix length lower Limit Min Avg Max upper Limit t us 2 06 2 99 t2 us 0 52 2 30498 t3 us 0 41807 118 t4 us DD 0 4
4. gt Start FS K112 vl 1 exe The installer will do the following e Install the R amp S FS K112PC software including an uninstall tool e Create a Windows Start Menu entry Programs gt R amp S NFC Analysis e Create a shortcut on the desktop optional e f necessary the software will specifically ask you to set the required environment variables Start the software via the Windows Start Menu entry or the shortcut on the desktop Deinstalling R amp S FS K112PC You can uninstall the software itself via the uninstall tool available in the Windows Start Menu folder or via Add or Remove Software in the Windows Control Panel The Framework components have to be uninstalled manually via Add or Remove Soft ware in the Windows Control Panel Before uninstalling the components make sure that no other software uses one of the components The following components and programs have been installed e Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 e R amp S Port Mapper e Rohde amp Schwarz NFC Analysis R amp S FS K112PC Using the Smart Card Reader The software is licensed by a smart card licensing system This licensing system requires a smart card to be connected to the PC when you are using the software The smart card and dongle are available as separate products You can connect the smart card in two ways e Connect the smart card in SIM format If you want to connect the smart card in SIM format use the USB smart card reader
5. In addition it contains an illustration that shows the typical characteristics of an NFC poller User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 30 Numerical Results low state transition Note that the shape of the low state transistion for NFC A signals is different to that of NFC B and NFC F signals Combining graphical and numerical results When you display the numerical results it is best if you do so in combination with the graphical poller test results For more information see chapter 3 1 2 Poller Characteristics on page 23 The poller is defined as the device that actively sends the data and provides the power necessary for the data transmission The Poller Values result display is made up out of several elements and result catego ries NFC F Poller RF Analysis lower Limit 0 0 Fall Time tf us 0 0 Undershoot 0 0 Mod Index mod E 8 0 Overshoot Rise Time tr us 0 0 Statistics Level Calculation analyzed Commands 1 analyzed Bits 129 100 Normalisation Factor analyzed ASK Transitions 117 Input Signal x 17 98632 Fig 3 12 Poller results of an NFC F signal based on example file NFC F_424kB_Example iq tar e NFC lt x gt Poller RF Analveis AAA 31 EN ei Ee TEE 34 CW Ke ue ME 34 3 2 3 1 NFC lt x gt Poller RF Analysis The RF analysis contains several results that indicate the signal quality For most results the software shows several numbers
6. The Auto Level Track Time defines the duration of the test measurement that deter mines the ideal level Remote command CONFigure POWer AUTO on page 84 DISPlay TRACe Y RLEV on page 84 SENSe POWer AUTO TIME on page 85 Attenuation Defines the attenuation level of an analyzer Attenuation of the signal may become necessary if you have to reduce the power of the signal that you have applied Power reduction is necessary for example to prevent an overload of the input mixer The range of the RF attenuation depends on the hardware you are using in the mea surement setup For details refer to its data sheet Manual selection of the attenuation is available for measurements with a spectrum or signal analyzer and if Auto Level is off Remote command INPut ATTenuation on page 84 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 47 R amp S FS K112PC Configuration sea SSeS eee SS Triggering Measurements Noise Tolerance Selects the tolerance that the software applies to find a NFC signal in the vicinity of noise A high tolerance only finds bursts whose distance to the noise floor is large A low toler ance on the other hand also aims to find bursts that otherwise might get lost in the noise floor Remote command SENSe NFC NTOLerance on page 85 Channel RTO only Selects the channel number the signal is applied to Channel selection is available for measurements with an oscilloscope The number of channels
7. EEE ET EK AE MN ON NN 58 A EE E E E A E 58 CONFigure ADDR SSSINStid gt ninin in a A ENEE deeg 82 CONFigure CHANNE kitsi iien iaden el E karene a aidai ae eee 82 CONFigure COUPlngi iii ic di cit 82 CONFigure NFC CR CONFigure NFC BURS trcis ar anir narei Ea PE EAEI as Surda dapis a ANA duiae daa An CONFigure NFC DECoding FORMat CONFigure NFC STANGArG euer ld voltae dais CONFigure POWer AUTO Luse i nenen a acertada DISPlay Her e TE 84 FETCH DEMod RESON Kunda au iben seghe tabase aE idad deed 62 FETGKLISTENEr FOTE vara a illa 75 FETCHES TEE FOTP EN 76 FETGh LISTen er LMALELIMI Sc cccscsccecicscessecsenescoccassecaessasnvecoceostsedesvusbaseut sidered ici sisas 79 FETGN LIS LeneriMA Rida 76 FETCh LISTener LMEight LIMit FETCHLIS Tener MEIA RESU coccion ostia teens ybe snedige pen dare acia banden hank sp bedende 77 Ehl Tener LME no vernennen ee E be ege 77 FETGhiLIS TEN r NBITS o iii AAA ai 78 FETCH Tener NCOMMAndS cinc rado dildo 78 FETGh LISTENEF NIRANSI NS ui ia 78 AA AAA o o eek seas eee gd 62 Seo AAA snes see cdasenadeccacescsuceceseceavsceveat SEAS E EN ENESE SEANSEN 79 akut Lee 63 FETCh NFC BITRate FETEN NFOBSIGNAIS cuscconasinics coran an rra ne Oca lr peter unu mea stend 63 FETCEH NEC ESIGNAlS cocida NE as 63 FETCN NEC STAN ET Pacino ritos tidad 64 gene ee ie 64 FETGh POLLEr ASKMOd LIMH commit adenda 66 FETCh POLLerASKMOd RESU IEA E 66 FETCh POLLer ASKMOdP comicos aiii 65 FETGh POLLer F TIM
8. The R amp S FS K112PC provides several tools and ways to configure an NFC test setup e chapter 4 1 Managing Measurement Configurations on page 42 via the menu bar e chapter 4 2 Selecting the NFC Modulation Type on page 43 via the toolbar e chapter 4 4 Configuring the Measurement Equipment on page 45 via the Set tings dialog e chapter 4 5 Triggering Measurements on page 48 via the Settings dialog e chapter 4 6 Defining Diagram Properties on page 50 via the Settings dialog gt Select the Settings menu item from the Tools menu File Tools Window Help gt Settings The software opens the Settings dialog box For an overview of the contents see the corresponding topics below Note that you have to confirm any changes you have made in the dialog box by pressing the OK button If you have entered an invalid value the R amp S FS K112PC gives a cor responding message e Managing Measurement Configurations cccccceseccccccceeeeseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneees 42 e Selecting the NFC Modulation Tvpe 43 e Selecting a Particular BUISE oi dc 44 e Configuring the Measurement Eouipment ennn 45 e Triggering Measurements nen nen nnnnnnnnnninnninns 48 Defining Diagram Properties aa sa AAA AAA 50 4 1 Managing Measurement Configurations The R amp S FS K112PC provides functionality to save and restore a measurement config uration Saving a configuration is an easy way if a part
9. on page 70 FETCh POLLer TFIVe LIMit on page 71 FETCh POLLer TFIVe RESult on page 71 Timing results for NFC B and NFC F Each of the two timing results t and t evaluates if the rising or falling slope of the signal is within the limits that are defined by the NFC Forum The exact definitions of t and t are a function of the voltage Va and Vg They are shown in the illustration next to the results Remote command ETCh POLLer FTIMe on page 72 ETCh POLLer FTIMe LIMit on page 73 ETCh POLLer FTIMe RESult on page 73 ETCh POLLer RTIMe on page 73 ETCh POLLer RTIMe LIMit on page 74 ETCh POLLer RTIMe RESult on page 74 m g g g y Over and undershoot results The over and undershoot results evaluate if the overshoot and undershoot of the signal is within the limits that are defined by the NFC Forum The over and undershoot are a percentage of the initial voltage of the carrier signal In case of NFC B and NFC F the undershoot and overshoot are shown in the illustration as hr and hf Remote command ETCh POLLer 0SHoot on page 67 ETCh POLLer OSHoot LIMit on page 68 ETCh POLLer 0SHoot RESult on page 68 ETCh POLLer USHoot on page 69 ETCh POLLer USHoot LIMit on page 69 ETCh POLLer USHoot RESult on page 69 mi mi mi mi ml mg ASK Modulation Depth NFC A only The modulation depth is a result that indicates the magnitude of
10. that is included in the delivery of the software e Connect the smart card in its full format AAA AAA AAA A sg User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 8 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software SSO tn tt r A Using the Smart Card Reader If you want to connect the smart card in full format an interface compatible to the card format is required The following devices are able to read the smart card in full format smart card reader integrated in a keyboard smart card reader integrated in a notebook smart card reader integrated in a desktop PC e g OMNIKEY smart card reader connected to the computer via serial bus or USB e g OMNI KEY USB reader connected to a LAN to USB converter to distribute the license via the network e g DIGI AnaywhereUSB 2 Licensing support If you have any difficulties with the licensing system support is only assured when you are using the USB smart card reader that is delivered with the smart card Using the USB smart card reader 1 Included in the delivery of the software is the smart card in full format and a smart card reader 2 Break out the smart card in SIM format 3 Insert the smart card into the smart card reader L a Turn the smart card reader in a way that the OMNIKEY label faces upward b Insert the smart card with the chip face down and the angled corner facing away from the reader User Manual 1175 6578 02 0
11. 1 ISO 14001 zertifiziertes Umweltmanagementsystem Dear customer You have decided to buy a Rohde amp Schwarz product This product has been manufactured using the most advanced meth ods It was developed manufac tured and tested in compliance with our quality management and environmental manage ment systems Rohde amp Schwarz has been certified for exam ple according to the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 management systems Environmental commitment 1 Energy efficient products 1 Continuous improvement in environmental sustainability 1 ISO 14001 certified environmental management system Certified Quality System ISO 9001 Certified Environmental System ISO 14001 Cher client Vous avez choisi d acheter un produit Rohde amp Schwarz Vous disposez donc d un produit fabriqu d apres les m thodes les plus avanc es Le d velop pement la fabrication et les tests de ce produit ont t effec tu s selon nos syst mes de management de qualit et de management environnemental La soci t Rohde amp Schwarz a t homologu e entre autres conform ment aux systemes de management ISO 9001 et ISO 14001 Engagement cologique 1 Produits efficience nerg tique 1 Am lioration continue de la durabilit environnementale 1 Systeme de management environnemental certifi selon ISO 14001 1171 0200 11 V 05 01 1171020011 R amp S FS K112PC Contents 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3
12. Configuration BENSEINFO lI 0 Oe tdo 89 SENSE NF CIP SHOW EE 90 SENSe NFC FRTBurst lt State gt This command turns a reduction of the UO data to include the first burst only on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example NFC FRTB ON Reduces the file to a burst User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 89 Result Display Configuration SENSe NFC PSHown lt State gt This command turns the display of phase characteristics on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example NFC PSH ON Turns the display of phase characteristics on and off R amp S FS K112PC Glossary NFC Terms Glossary NFC Terms ASK transition see Low level state Bit sequence Series of bits that contains the information to be transmitted from one device to another Burst Change in the radio frequency power resulting from the transmission of data from one device to another The duration of a burst corresponds to the amount of data con tained in one frame A change in the radio frequency power occurs when modulation is applied to the carrier signal for a short time When a device sends data you can observe multiple drops in the carrier signal level resulting in low level states or low state transitions Carrier signal Continous wave signal supplied by the poller providing the power for data transmission In its original state the carrier signal is unmodulated When a transmission is initiated modul
13. ETCh POLLer RF RESult on page 64 ETCh NOFBursts on page 64 my mi mi mi ry Detected Poller Signals The Detected Poller Signals pane of the Result Overview shows the number of poller signals of each NFC modulation type that has been detected in the recorded UO data Remote command FETCh NFC ASIGnals on page 63 FETCh NFC BSIGnals on page 63 FETCh NFC FSIGnals on page 63 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 29 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 2 2 Numerical Results Capture Buffer The Capture Buffer pane of the Result Overview shows the number of all bursts that have been detected in the signal File Information Instrument Information The File Information pane of the Result Overview shows details of the iq tar file in case you analyze a signal from a file The file information consists of the file name the file type and the location of the file When record UO data from measurement equipment the Instrument Information pane is shown instead It contains the IP address and center frequency of the equipment Decoded Signal The Decoding result display shows the details of the functional test NFC F Functional Test and Decoding Display Format Binary v Pol Lis SENSF REQ SENSF RES 3 2 3 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001011001001001101000001100000000011111111111111110000000000 0000000000100100100001 1111111111111
14. Example Usage Result Overview FAIL Listener test has failed NAV Result not available PASS Listener test has passed UNSYNC Software could not synchronize with the signal FETC LIST RF RES would return e g FAIL Query only FETCh NFC BITRate This command queries the NFC bitrate of the signal that has been analyzed Return values lt NFCBitrate gt Example Usage BR106 The bitrate is 106 kbit s BR212 The bitrate is 212 kbit s BR424 The bitrate is 424 kbit s FETC NFC BITR would return e g BR212 Query only FETCh NFC ASIGnals FETCh NFC BSIGnals FETCh NFC FSIGnals This command queries the number of poller commands that have been analyzed Return values lt Number gt Example Usage Number of NFC A B and F poller commands in the UO data The modulation type is defined by the last syntax element FETC NFC ASIG Queries the number of NFC A poller commands and would return e g 2 Query only User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 63 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Result Overview FETCh NFC STANdard This command queries the NFC modulation type that has been analyzed Return values lt NFCStandard gt Example Usage FETCh NOFBursts NFCA The signal is based on NFC A NFCB The signal is based on NFC B NFCF The signal is based on NFC F FETC NFC STAN would return e g NFCB Query only Th
15. FREQuency CENTer lt Frequency gt This command defines the frequency of the signal and the frequency the measurement instrument is tuned to Parameters lt Frequency gt Range 13 MHz to 14 MHz RST 13 56 MHz Default unit Hz Example FREQ CENT 13 6MHZ Defines a frequency of 13 6 MHz SENSe NFC NTOLerance lt NoiseTolerance gt This command selects the noise tolerance Parameters lt NoiseTolerance gt HIGH LOW MEDium Example NFC NTOL LOW Selects low noise tolerance SENSe POWer AUTO TIME lt Tracktime gt This command defines the auto level track time Parameters lt Tracktime gt Length of the measurement to determine the ideal level RST 500 Default unit s Example POW AUTO TIME 1MS Defines an auto level track time of 1 ms SENSe SWEep SAMPles lt Samples gt This command defines the signal capture length Parameters lt Samples gt Size of the capture buffer in samples Example SWE SAMP 2000 Defines a capture length of 2000 samples SSS SSS SS SS A AAA SS erd User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 85 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 13 Trigger Configuration SENSe SWEep TIME lt Time gt This command defines the signal capture length Parameters lt Time gt Size of the capture buffer in seconds Default unit s Example SWE TIME 5ms Defines a capture length of 5 ms TRACe IQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This comman
16. LEVel VALue on page 87 Holdoff time TRIGger HOLDoff TIME on page 87 Time out time TRIGger TIMeout TIME on page 89 Trigger offset TRIGger OFFSet AUTO on page 88 TRIGger OFFSet TIME on page 88 4 6 Defining Diagram Properties All necessary settings are part of the Settings dialog box IECH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 50 Defining Diagram Properties Instrument Settings Trigger Settings Instrument IP Address lt Enter IP Addess gt Trigger Type NFCA v NFC Tigger Event Center Frequency MHz 13 56 Auto Trigger Level Sample Rate MHz 20 00 Trigger Level V 1 4 Capture Length ms 25 0 Hold Off Time us 10 0 7 Auto Level Time Out Time s 60 Level dBm 6 00 dBm Auto Trigger Offset Attenuation dB FSx Only 10 Trigger Offset ms 0 Auto Lvl Track Time ms Graph Settings File reduced to Burst Channel RTO Only Phase shown Noise Tolerance Use 1 MOhm Coupling RTO only File Reduced To BUS EENS ti SSES 51 PENN A A a a Eaa a aa aa a aE aE 51 File Reduced To Burst Turns a reduction of the recorded signal on and off If on the software analyzes only those parts of the recorded signal that it detects as a burst according to one of the modulation types The rest of the data is dismissed Reduc ing the data to the bursts increases the speed of the measurement If the capture buffer contains several bursts t
17. Out the Address of an R amp S FSW Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSW 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box and shows its current IP address in the corresponding field R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Connecting Measurement Equipment Network GPIB Compatibility LXI Computer Name MU717180 IP Address 10 113 11 154 2 5 5 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S RTO Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an R amp S RTO Press the SETUP key The R amp S RTO opens a dialog box that contains general information about the system System Screen SW Options HW Options Remote Settings LXI Setup x Instrument firmware versions System configuration Firmware version Computer name RTO 200248 system Bios version DHCP RTO BIOS v 1 01 1431 1 ly Image version IP Address User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 19 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results 3 Measurements and Result Displays After the R amp S FS K112PC has evaluated the I Q data you can display the test results in various graphical and numerical result displays 3 1 Quick evaluation of test results Each result display has a colored bar at the top that displays the test results so that you can see at a quick glance if the test has pa
18. Query parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the limit check result of the average value MAXimum Queries the limit check result of the maximum value MINimum Queries the limit check result of the minimum value Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass signal within the limits 0 Fail signal not within the limits Example FETC POLL TONE RES MIN would return e g 0 Usage Query only ICH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 71 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC B and F Poller Results 6 7 Querying NFC B and F Poller Results The following commands query the results of NFC B and NFC F signals Commands useful to query NFC B and NFC F pollers described elsewhere ETCh POLLer ASKMod on page 65 ETCh POLLer ASKMod LIMit on page 66 ETCh POLLer ASKMod RESult on page 66 ETCh POLLer NBITs on page 66 ETCh POLLer NCOMmands on page 67 ETCh POLLer NFACtor on page 67 ETCh POLLer OSHoot on page 67 ETCh POLLer OSHoot LIMit on page 68 ETCh POLLer OSHoot RESult on page 68 ETCh POLLer USHoot on page 69 ETCh POLLer USHoot LIMit on page 69 Fl F F F F F e FETCh POLLer NTRansitions on page 67 F F F F F F ETCh POLLer USHoot RESult on page 69 Commands exclusive to NFC B and F ee BOs aa re EE RE 72 FETOCMPOLLEERF TME LIMI oi tits 73 PTCA
19. amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results Return values lt Overshoot gt Signal overshoot in Example FETC POLL OSH MIN would return e g 0 0695343 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer OSHoot LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of the signal overshoot The limits for the overshoot are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Limit in Example FETC POLL OSH LIM UPP would return e g 1 5909356 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer OSHoot RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the signal overshoot The limits for the signal overshoot are defined in the standard Parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the overshoot limit check result of the average value MINimum Queries the overshoot limit check result of the minimum value MAXimum Queries the overshoot limit check result of the maximum value Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass signal within the limits 0 Fail signal not within the limits Example FETC POLL OSH RES MAX would return e g 1 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 68 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results Usage Query only FETCh POLLer USHoot lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results for the signal undershoot
20. box to define the name and directory for the html file The file contains four separate tables Each table corresponds to one of the available numerical results displays Therefore the html file basically contains the same informa tion as the numerical result displays available in the software Results that have passed the limits defined by the standard are highlighted green Results that pass in parts are highlighted in yellow and results that have failed in red User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 39 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays EE AAA Numerical Results SCPI command MMEMory NFC STORe RESults on page 61 Result Overview The result overview contains basic characteristics of the signal that has been analyzed Resu It Overview NFC Modulation NFC A NFC Bit Rate 106 kB s Poller RF k Listener RF passed Signal Capture Time 25 0 ms Detected Poller Signals NFC A 1 Detected Poller Signals NFC B 1 Detected Poller Signals NFC F o Detected Bursts 5 Filename NFC A_Example Filepath C Program Files Ee Filetype iq tar For more information on each result see chapter 3 2 1 Result Overview on page 28 Poller Values The Poller Values result display contains miscellaneous test results for the NFC poller lower Limit Min Avg Max upper Limit ti us 20 22988 230698 221005 2 99 us ma1s07 059988 0 54313 0 54493 118 t4 us mo nom 0 27871 0 27974 0 44 t5 us mo Dn D O 0 5 Oversh
21. only MMEMory NFC STORe IQ lt Filename gt This command saves recorded UO data to a file Parameters lt Filename gt String containing the file name and path The extension of the file is iq tar IECH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 60 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands REENERT General Commands Example MMEM NFC STOR 1Q iq nfc data iq tar Saves the l Q data to a the file iq _nfc_data iq tar Usage Setting only MMEMory NFC STORe RESults lt Filename gt This command exports measurement results as a html file Parameters lt Filename gt String containing the path and file name The extension of the file is html Example MMEM NFC STOR RES c Xiq nfc data html Exports the l Q data to file c Viq nfo data html Usage Setting only MMEMory NFC STORe SETTings lt Filename gt This command saves the currrent software configuration to a file Setting parameters lt Filename gt String containing the file name and path The extension of the file is nfcset Example MMEM NFC STOR SETT c signals nfc_settings nfcset Saves the settings to file c signals nfc_settings nfcset Usage Event SYSTem PRESet This command presets the software Example SYST PRES Initiates a preset Usage Event TRACe DATA lt ResultType gt This command queries the UO data Parameters lt ResultType gt TRACE1 Queries the I Q data shown in the Capture Buffer DEES User Manual 11
22. poller request and subsequent communication response or recurring request or vice versa The time between a poller request and the listener response is called Frame Delay Time Listener The time between the listener reponse and a subsequent communication is called Frame Delay Time Poller 1 Poller burst 2 Listener burst 3 Frame delay time listener 4 Frame delay time poller SSS SS eS SS SSS eae User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 37 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays EENEG Numerical Results Note that the NFC Forum defines no limits for the frame delay time Remote command FETCh LISTener FDTL on page 75 FETCh LISTener FDTP on page 76 Timing Offset The timing offset is the time between two bursts y 1 Transmission on time 2 Timing offset off time Remote command FETCh LISTener TOFF on page 79 3 2 4 2 Listener Statistics The statistics section contains statistics about the listener signal Statistics Analysed Commands 1 Analysed Bits 224 Analysed ASK Transitions 197 e Analyzed commands Number of commands that have been sent during the transmission of the recorded signal e Analyzed bits Number of bits that have been transmitted in the recorded signal e Analyzed ASK transitions Number of ASK transitions that could be found in the recorded signal SCPI commands FETCh LISTener NBITs on page 78 FETCh LISTener
23. signal not shown User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 21 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays LL E Graphical Results In order to synchronize to the signal the software looks for a poller request A poller request consists of a set of low state transitions whose characteristics depend on the modulation type A set of low state transitions in that context is also referred to as a burst When the software is synchronized to the signal it tries to analyze and demodulate all bursts that it finds in the capture buffer poller and listener communication Note that the R amp S FS K112PC only analyzes bursts of one NFC modulation type at a time Therefore it analyzes subsequent bursts only if they are of the same modulation type as the first detected modulation type automatic detection or if they are of the mod ulation type you have selected manually from the toolbar After the analysis of the NFC bursts is done the software shows the results for each burst of the same modulation type as a colored bar at the bottom of the diagram e Green bar Signal areas where an NFC signal has been detected and analyzed The signal complies to the specifications by the NFC Forum e Grey bar Signal areas where an NFC signal has been detected but not analyzed because the signal does not comply to the currently selected modulation type e Red bar Signal areas where an NFC signal has been detected and analyzed The signal howe
24. tab you need from the list 2 4 3 Removing an Element from the GUI gt Select an element with the mouse move it around and release it If you haven t docked the element or added it as a tab it is floating around as an individual window You can also move the element completely out of the GUI and work with it in an independent window e g another monitor Poller PYT TT RCT Baler fo Brg CA ETET Paller r y CA ytet fl LEE GE mme HI Es m m a a Aa am ww H A A mm aa KU 2 5 Connecting Measurement Equipment In order to be able to communicate with an analyzer or oscilloscope you have to establish a connection between the measurement equipment and the computer in a local area network LAN eae User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 16 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software 2 5 1 2 5 2 Connecting Measurement Equipment For more information on supported instruments see Running measurements on page 12 Requirements To be able to capture signal data you need one of the instruments mentioned above To establish a connection you also have to determine the network address of the instru ments and set it up in the software For more information on including the instrument configuration in the software see chap ter 4 4 Configuring the Measurement Equipment on page 45 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSV Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an
25. you can select from depends on the hardware configuration of the oscilloscope If necessary you can select an impedance of 1 MQ instead of the default 50 Q gt Use 1 MOhm Coupling Remote command CONFigure CHANnel on page 82 CONFigure COUPling on page 82 4 5 Triggering Measurements The R amp S FS K112PC supports several trigger types or sources and the appropriate trig ger settings All necessary settings are part of the Settings dialog box Instrument Settings Trigger Settings Instrument IP Address lt Enter IP Addess gt Trigger Type NFC A Check Connection NFC Trigger Event SENS_REQ Center Frequency MHz 13 56 Y Auto Trigger Level Sample Rate MHz 20 00 Trigger Level V pe Er ep 25 0 Hold Off Time us D Auto Level Time Out Time s Level dBm 6 00 iV Auto Trigger Offset Attenuation dB FSx Only 10 Trigger Offset ms Auto Lvl Track Time ms 500 Graph Settings Noise Tolerance Medium H vi 6 File reduced to Burst Channel RTO Only Channel 1 y E Phase shown Use 1 MOhm Coupling RTO only OK Apply Cancel SSS SS ee AAA AAA ee a User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 48 R amp S FS K112PC Configuration EEE i 8 Triggering Measurements TRG GSE TYPE APOCO sca cee tae ae dates eda sects ee nied ane a bandet 49 TAGGET EVO lavaen 49 Thgger ee ele EE 49 Trigger Type Selects the trigger source Using a trigger
26. 1111111111111111111111111111111111110110010010011010001001000000001000000011111111000000001001 2 00011010001010110011110001001101010110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000101101 Fig 3 11 Decoded NFC F signal based on example file NFC F_424kB_Example iq tar The functional test determines if the communication between NFC devices work It con tains the commands and corresponding bit sequences that have been sent during the transmission of the signal The result display shows the commands in consecutive order and shows if the command is a command sent by the poller or a command sent by the listener Poller commands are shown in blue listener commands in a light shade of blue The bit stream can either be displayed as binary or hexadecimal numbers depending on the selected Display Format If the conversion from binary to hexadecimal leaves a remainder the software adds a corresponding number of 0 s to the start of the stream The communication works if the listener sends a response to a poller request as expec ted If not the functional test fails If the communication contains an unknown command the functional test will show an Unclear message SCPI commands CONFigure NFC DECoding FORMat on page 81 SENSe DEMod BITS on page 81 SENSe DEMod COMMands on page 81 Poller Characteristics The Poller Values result display contains miscellaneous test results for the NFC poller
27. 2 4 2 5 3 1 3 2 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 Contents PERG AP 5 Documentation OVvervieWw rrrrnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnn 5 Conventions Used in the Documentation rrrrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnen 5 Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software rrnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 7 Installing R amp S FS K112PC monnnnnnnnnnvrnnnnvnnnnvnnnnvnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnn 7 Using the Smart Card Reader ruunnnnnvvvnnnnnnnnnnvnvnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnsnsvnnnnnnnnnnnnennnenr 8 Starting the R amp S FS K112PC n esanneansonranneranonnnrnnennnenanannnvannennensnanensanesnndnnsannennetenn 11 Customizing the User Interface rsnnsrnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnner 15 Connecting Measurement Equipment rrnnnnnnnnnvnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 16 Measurements and Result DiSplayS ooocococccccccccnnncnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnos 20 Graphical ResultS ios a A AA A 20 Numerical Results cocida 28 TN e e119 dr eee ee ee pO Ee 42 Managing Measurement Configurations ccccccceseeereeeeseeeeeseeeeeeneeseeeeeseeeeeneeseeeenens 42 Selecting the NFC Modulation Type ccssscccccesseeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeesneeeseeeseeseenseeeeeeseaes 43 Selecting a Particular Burst ic cccccciciscesccccticcce ectececi
28. 2 9 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Using the Smart Card Reader 4 Push the smart card into the reader as far as possible The smart card reader is ready for use on any USB interface lt gt When you connect the reader to the computer MS Windows automatically installs the necessary drivers If not you can install the drivers manually from the software CD The required files are stored in the directory Install USB SmartCard Reader Driver Files The driver files are named according to the processor architecure for which they are designed OMNIKEY3x21_x86 or OMNIKEY3x21_x64 Information on drivers and driver updates are also included in the ReadMe txt file in the same directory as the drivers Locking the computer If you have difficulties unlocking the computer while the smart card is connected because MS Windows tries to get log in information from the card after you have locked the com puter You can solve this issue by editing the system registry Automatic change gt Run DisablecAD reg to change the registry entry automatically The file is in the same directory as the driver files Manual change 1 Open the Windows Start Menu and select the Run item 2 Enter regedit into the dialog box to open the system registry 3 Look for HKEY LOCAL MACHINE SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion policies system 4 Set the value of DisableCad to 0 Administrati
29. 4 15 us 0 0 0 5 Overshoot Yo A 0 0 7 6986 Undershoot Vu A 0 0 7 6986 ASK Mod Depth 35 0 100 0 Fig 3 13 Poller RF analysis table for NFC A signals based on example file NFC A Example iq tar In case of the NFC B and NFC F modulation type only the length of the rising and falling flanks need to be evaluated lower Limit i Avg upper Limit Fall Time tf us 0 0 1 18 Rise Time tr us 0 0 0 95365 Overshoot 0 0 3 36977 Undershoot 0 0 3 38375 Mod Index mod E 8 0 10 48813 15 0 Fig 3 14 Poller RF analysis table for NFC B and F signals based on example file NFC F 212KB Exam ple iq tar If the signal is within the limits defined by the NFC Forum the minimum average or maximum value that has been measured is highlighted in green If one of the measured values violates the specified limits it is highlighted in red Note that for the modulation index NFC B and NFC F only the R amp S FS K112PC eval uates a single result only and shows it in the Average column User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 32 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays BEES Numerical Results Timing results for NFC A Each of the five timing results t to ts evaluates if a particular section of the signal is within the limits that are defined by NFC Forum The corresponding sections of t to ts as defined in the standard are shown in the illustration next to the results Remote command FETCh POLLer TFIVe
30. 75 6578 02 02 61 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 5 Result Overview Return values lt TraceData gt List of level values in of the continuous wave signal The amount of values depends on the capture length and sample rate Example TRAC TRACEL would return e g 99 6267547607422 100 052139282227 99 947868347168 99 8878326416016 99 8515625 100 108985900879 99 5992965698242 Usage Query only Result Overview The following commands query general measurement results FEVCHIBEMOG RESU EE 62 FETCNLUISTENSF deeg E A ees 62 PET CHIN BU RNC a iaa cda 63 FEVCHINECASIGINAIS EE 63 PETCIMINE TE EE 63 FETCHNFG LEE 63 FETCENFC STANGA EES 64 Reeg ie EE 64 EEGEN EE RESON senge SEELEN SE ee EA Ne 64 FETCh DEMod RESult lt DemodResuls gt This command queries the result of the functional check as shown in the Result Over view Return values lt DemodResuls gt PASS The functional test was successful FAIL The functional test was not successful UNCLEAR The functional test result could not be determined Example FETCh DEM RES would return e g PASSED Usage Query only FETCh LISTener RF RESult lt RFResuls gt This command queries the result of the listener test as shown in the Result Overview SSS SSS A AAA SS oe User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 62 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Return values lt RFResuls gt
31. AD SET TNS coi 60 MMEMor FCS TORE ET 60 VE OE ET GN 61 MMEMOnRANFC STORE SE T INOS ella dll 61 SYSTEM PRESO Lana ne 61 TACA E 61 H i i i User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 59 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands A _A A A lt A qq RR A A A A General Commands FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command selects the data format that is used for transmission of trace data Parameters lt Format gt ASCii ASCii format separated by commas This format is almost always suitable regardless of the actual data format However the data is not as compact as other formats may be REAL 32 32 bit IEEE 754 floating point numbers in the definite length block format Example FORM ASC Selects the ASCII format MMEMory NFC LOAD IQ lt Filename gt This command restores a previously saved UO data file Setting parameters lt Filename gt Sting containing the file name and path The extension of the file is iq tar Example MMEM NFC LOAD IQ c signals iq nfc_ data iq tar Loads the I Q file iq_nfc_data iq tar located in the directory c signals Usage Setting only MMEMory NFC LOAD SETTings lt Filename gt This command restores a previously saved configuration file Setting parameters lt Filename gt String containing the file name and path The extension of the file nfcset Example MMEM NFC LOAD SETT nfc_settings nfcset Loads the UO data file nfc_settings nfcset Usage Setting
32. D NE 8 FEMOVE EEN 16 Statistics RE ees 34 38 H T Hardcopy oo ieee sissies 52 Timing Offset ccccccesccsesscsssscssssescosstssesesseseeststcseateseaseees 38 Timing results ous I A 48 Tigger 1 OOO NO demekeua 49 IE POWerntigger eege geeseuedeseeue geet eege die 49 Installation cooinnnnnnninnnonnncncnnacnnccanncnccn carr nrnnnrnrcnnnncnncann 7 FOR sn dis IP address ooo eececeeesssteeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 16 46 U L Undershoot suaiti eea eidean aaa 33 E EE 47 User interface ssoiiirica acre isis 11 LICENSE sesion adictas 8 Z Limits isaac td 31 36 Listener results ENEE 25 35 LM ld ceived anke Seege 52 Load modulation iii idad 25 36 M Measurement equipment occcccnnnncccccncnccconcnnnnanann conos 12 45 Modulati on d pth sisisihan 23 33 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 96
33. E LIM cocina de dae lea od cies ia 73 FETCh POLLer FTIMe RESult EE Ee Eege ee ee EE EEGEN 72 FETGh POLLGErNBITSP ascecesicvestdescecescivssiseaaceeoscexsssetesstsatecesbecasceesdovacbinutensetvousenaiecestdehsevaqosed ede coteteaslin sistbabed 66 a Lu E eene 67 FETGh POLLErNFAGION isc e tdt 67 FE TOCh bOLlLerhNTbRansitions nn near nn nn nn rre nr nn anna rene rra rear rn nann nr rn nnnnnnneni 67 FETCHh POLLer OSHOOtLIMit moss cis A as 68 FETCh POLLerOSHo0t OT 68 FETCH POLLE OSHOO miii lid 67 FETCh POLLEf RFERESU Linn tambak vente eege Seel 64 FETCh POLLEFR TIME LIMI aineina naa ea a E kranene e e eine ener 74 IECH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 93 R amp S FS K112PC List of Commands FETCH POLLE R TIME RESUM cocoa ie e aa Oea Daa EAEAN EEA 74 FETCh POLLer RTIMO coi 73 FETGh POLLErTFIVG LIMP ai dead iaa 71 FETGK POLESKTFIVERESU io inverterte Ei 71 a eta rect ct ce Nectar nt teen es e ace cas aea ance E ET 70 IS e POLLS ee TEE 71 FETCh POLLer TFOur RESult FETCH POLLer TROUP voii da teta 70 A ao D dE 70 FEICh POLLEr TONE RESU ica idas 71 FETCHh POL ek FE 70 FETCh POLLer TTHRee LIMI sorgen iet ee gedd EEN di ado bd 70 IRDtel Gel Regel 71 FETCEN POLLerTTARES cti rei erat det daa aas Eaa NTE E 70 FETGK POLESKTTWO LIMI E 70 FETCEN POLLerTTWORESUI Lao Da 71 FETGK POLLEKTIWO suso rallada add tati a 70 FETCEN POLLerU SHOOELIMI cocoa daria RdA iia te 69 FETCh POLLer USHOOURESUIE si sciciscscc
34. ETGHPOLLEFTONERESUP aida iia 71 FETCRPOLLe WIRE 71 a Ke Gier RN Wel ii A a 71 FET CHPOL Een e e 71 FETCR Ge Ba DEE 71 FETCh POLLer ASKMod This command queries the modulation depth NFC A or the modulation index NFC B and F Return values lt ModulationDepth gt NFC A modulation depth in NFC B F modulation index in Example FETC POLL ASKM Queries the modulation depth or index Result 99 9 Usage Query only User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 65 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands sss HA A A A ee Querying NFC A Poller Results FETCh POLLer ASKMod LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of the ASK modulation depth NFC A or the modulation index NFC B and P The limits for the modulation depth and index are defined by the NFC Forum Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Limit in Example FETC POLL ASKM LIM LOW would return e g 95 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer ASKMod RESult This command queries the limit check result of the modulation depth NFC A or modu lation index NFC B and NFC F Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass modulation depth or index within the limits 0 Fail modulation depth or index not within the limits Example FETC POLL ASKM RES would return e g 1 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer NBITs This command queries t
35. NCOMmands on page 78 FETCh LISTener NTRansitions on page 78 3 2 4 3 Level Calculation and Poller Settings The I Q data that the R amp S FS K112PC analyzes is recorded as RMS values However load modulation is not calculated as an RMS value Therefore the input signal has to be normalized by a factor of root 2 to get the load modulation result User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 38 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results Level Calculation and Poller Settings Used Poller for Limits Poller 3 v IQ Wizard Raw Peak RMS Factor Factor Input Signal gt 1 00000 x 1 41421 Load Modulation V Apply New Values SCPI command SENSe LISTener RAWFactor on page 80 SENSe LISTener RMSFactor on page 80 Poller settings The NFC Forum defines three different poller reference antennas with different charac teristics The used poller changes the limits of the load modulation as defined by the NFC Forum SCPI command SENSe LISTener UPFL on page 80 3 2 5 Exporting Numerical Results The R amp S FS K112PC allows you to export the numerical test results as a html file for example for documentation purposes gt Select the Export Results item from the File menu File l Tools Window He Run Measurement Load UO Data Save VO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software opens a dialog
36. O lt State gt This command turns automatic determination of the trigger offset on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example See TRIGger OFFSet TIME on page 88 TRIGger OFFSet TIME lt Offset gt This command defines a trigger offset The trigger offset is available for all trigger types and if TRIGger OF FSet AUTO is off Parameters lt Offset gt Time that passes between the trigger event and the start of the measurement RST 0 Default unit s SSS SSS ee AAA r User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 88 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Result Display Configuration Example TRIG OFFS AUTO OFF TRIG OFFS TIME 10ms Defines a trigger offset of 10 ms TRIGger OFFSet VALue lt Offset gt This command defines the trigger offset The trigger offset is available for all trigger types and if TRIGger OF FSet AUTO is off Parameters lt Offset gt Time that passes between the trigger event and the start of the measurement RST 0 Default unit samples Example TRIG OFFS AUTO OFF TRIG OFFS 10 Defines a trigger offset of 10 samples TRIGger TIMeout TIME lt Timeout gt This command defines the trigger time out time Parameters lt Timeout gt Maximum time that the trigger stays armed before the measure ment is aborted when no trigger event occurs RST 60s Default unit s Example TRIG TIM 50 Defines a trigger time out time of 50 s 6 14 Result Display
37. OL EET ME RES Mn 73 A E RE EE EE EET 73 EM HERE insti li dE EAA 74 a ebe Re Lin 74 FETCh POLLer FTIMe lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results for the signal fall time ty Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt FallTime gt Default unit s Example FETC POLL FTIM MAX would return e g 5 5943e 007 AAA A AAA AAA A lt lt AA User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 72 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC B and F Poller Results Usage Query only FETCh POLLer FTIMe LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of signal fall time tj The limits for the fall time are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Default unit s Example FETC POLL FTIM LIM UPP would return e g 1 18e 006 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer FTIMe RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the signal fall time tj The limits for the signal fall time are defined in the standard Parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the limit check result of the average signal fall time MINimum Queries the limit check result of the minimum signal fall time MAXimum Queries the limit check result of the maximum si
38. POLLer TONE FETCh POLLer TTWO FETCh POLLer TTHRee FETCh POLLer TFOur FETCh POLLer TFIVe lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results for the corresponding signal segment ty Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt Time gt Length of signal segment t4 to tz t4 or ts Default unit s Example FETC POLL TONE MAX would return e g 2 31005e 006 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer TONE LIMit FETCh POLLer TTWO LIMit FETCh POLLer TTHRee LIMit User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 70 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results FETCh POLLer TFOur LIMit FETCh POLLer TFIVe LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of signal segments t The limits for the signal segments are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Limit of signal segment t4 to tz t4 or ts Default unit s Example FETC POLL TTWO LIM UPP would return e g 2 30498e 006 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer TONE RESult FETCh POLLer TTWO RESult FETCh POLLer TTHRee RESult FETCh POLLer TFOur RESult FETCh POLLer TFlVe RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the corresponding signal segment t
39. Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt Undershoot gt Signal undershoot in Example FETC POLL USH MAX would return e g 0 5830841 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer USHoot LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of the signal undershoot The limits for the undershoot are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Limit in Example FETC POLL USH LIM LOW would return e g 1454571385 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer USHoot RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the signal undershoot The limits for the signal undershoot are defined in the standard SSS ee A AAA SS A User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 69 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results Parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the undershoot limit check result of the average value MINimum Queries the undershoot limit check result of the minimum value MAXimum Queries the undershoot limit check result of the maximum value Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass signal within the limits 0 Fail signal not within the limits Example FETC POLL USH RES MAX would return e g 1 Usage Query only FETCh
40. R amp S FSV 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Network Address softkey 4 Press the IP Address softkey The R amp S FSV opens a dialog box that contains information about the LAN connec tion D Current Network Parameters DHCP Mode A D P Ne ori ettina 10 113 10 185 current IP Address assigned by DHCP e e re ub Vid z L UH JU cu V Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSL or R amp S ZVL Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an R amp S FSL or R amp S ZVL 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Network Address softkey 4 Press the IP Address softkey The analyzer opens a dialog box that contains information about the LAN connection IEN User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 17 Connecting Measurement Equipment EE signed by SNE 2 5 3 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSQ Follow these steps to figure out GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSQ 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Configure Network softkey 4 Press the Configure Network softkey The MS Windows Network Connections dialog box opens 5 Select the Local Area Connection item The Local Area Connection Status dialog box opens 6 Select the Support tab The Support tab shows the current TCP IP information of the R amp S FSQ 4 Local Area Connection Status 2 5 4 Figuring
41. R amp SFS K112PC NFC Measurement Software User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 Test amp Measurement User Manual This manual contains the documentation for the following products e R amp S FS K112PC 1310 0448 02 e R amp SFSPC 1310 0002 03 The contents correspond to software version 1 1 and higher The firmware of the instrument makes use of several valuable open source software packages For information see the Open Source Acknowledgement on the user documentation CD ROM included in delivery Rohde amp Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embedded computing O 2013 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG M hldorfstr 15 81671 Munchen Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet www rohde schwarz com Printed in Germany Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S FS K112PC is abbreviated as R amp S FS K112PC Customer Support Technical support where and when you need it For quick expert help with any Rohde amp Schwarz equipment contact one of our Customer Support Centers A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to you
42. REQ and ALLB REQ e NFC F The trigger event for NFC F is the characteristic Start of the bit Sequence SoS with a length of 48 or 96 bits Remote command TRIGger EVENt on page 86 Trigger Characteristics In addition to the trigger source you can define several trigger characteristics The trigger level defines the voltage that the signal must meet or exceed in order to initiate a measurement For the NFC trigger the R amp S FS K112PC supports the automatic definition of the trigger level In that case the trigger level is selected according to the typical level of the NFC signal SSS SSS SS A AAA SS a aa User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 49 R amp S FS K112PC Configuration WEE Defining Diagram Properties The trigger hold off time defines a time period that has to pass between one trigger event and the next If the trigger event happens before this hold off time is over it does not initiate a new measurement The time out time defines the time that the trigger is armed If the R amp S FS K112PC detects no signal within the time out period it aborts the measurement The trigger offset or delay is the time that should pass between the trigger event and the start of the measurement The trigger offset is a certain period of time in ms An automatic trigger offset makes sure that the signal itself is at the beginning of the capture buffer Remote command Trigger level TRIGger LEVel AUTO on page 87 TRIGger
43. So if you used the zoom three times you also have to unzoom three times to return to the original state of the diagram To return to the default state select Set Scale to Default from the context menu DEE User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 53 R amp S FS K112PC 6 1 d Remote Control Commande Introduction Remote Control Commands The following remote control commands are necessary to use the NFC measurement software ee EE 54 Common Lommands coria iii 58 Measurement er e DEE 59 General Commands ee EENEEERENNENNEECERENNE NEEN EENS ee ened 59 A O 62 Querying NFC A Poller Results ooo needed 65 e Querying NFC B and F Poller ResultS ccooomociconomsadonorercadcionnicncnddcenns 72 Querying NFC A Listener Results idretter pda 75 e Querying NFC B and F Listener ResulltS 0 c cccccccecessaseeceeeneeesesbecdeeeenetereenee 79 Configuring Listener erageet eege Ee 80 e SIGNE Decoding Lunnan ad 80 Insitument Configuration cidad alla clan nuvi 82 e Trigger COMmigurationy ainia 86 Result Display Configuration ciaci n aaa died ended 89 Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instrument or software They operate its functions setting Commande and request information query commands Some commands only work either way setting only query only others work both ways setting and query The syntax of a SCPI command consists
44. Trace Average Subcarrier High State Average Subcarrier Low State Average Subcarier Low State Sh SI KEE EE ERR 50 50 30 20 10 06 08 Time us Time us Envelope Voltage m CW 100 is set to 0 Envelope Voltage m CW 100 is set to 0 Fig 3 6 NFC A listener signal based on example file NFC A Example iq tar The displayed results are an indicator of the evenness of the ASK transitions The load modulation results are displayed in the unit mV The zero level is normalized to the 100 of the voltage of the carrier signal In case of NFC B the result display shows one pane The pane shows the minimum maximum and average load modulation over all measured ASK transitions NFC B Listener Load Modulation hin Trace hfax Trace Avg Trace Average Subcarrier High State Average Subcarrier Low State Envelope Voltage mv CW 100 is set to 0 ON bk o o Time us Fig 3 7 NFC B listener signal based on example file NFC B_Example iq tar In case of NFC F the result display shows two panes e The left pane shows the falling edge of the load modulation e The right pane shows the rising edge of the load modulation User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 26 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results NFC F Listener Load Modulation NFC F Listener Load Modulation Min Trace Max Trace Mn Trace hax Trace Avg Trace Average Subcarrier High Stat
45. age 78 FETC Ten e E EMAGIN aia liarla 79 FETCh LISTener LMALI LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of the load modulation over all low state transitions Limits over all low state transitions are not defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Default unit V Example FETC LIST LMAL LIM LOW would return e g 0 0095 Usage Query only Anno User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 79 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Configuring Listener Characteristics 6 10 Configuring Listener Characteristics SENSE LIS Tener RAWE Sci cial AAR 80 SENSEI Tener RMS Factor ii aa 80 KE ER e BI E 80 SENSe LISTener RAWFactor lt RAWFactor gt This command defines the raw normalization factor for calculation of the load modulation level Parameters lt RAWFactor gt Raw normalization factor for load modulation level calculation Example LIST RAWF 1 1 Defines a raw factor of 1 1 SENSe LISTener RMSFactor lt RMSFactor gt This command defines the RMS normalization factor for calculation of the load modula tion level Parameters lt RMSFactor gt RMS normalization factor for load modulation level calculation Example LIST RMSF 1 41241 Defines an RMS factor of 1 41241 SENSe LISTener UPFL lt Signal gt This command selects the poller type The poller type changes the
46. ation is applied to the carrier signal resulting in a change of the power level Command A command is a instruction from one device to another A command is either a request by the poller or a response by the listener Frame Group of data bits that is transferred from one device to another The format of a frame depends on the modulation type the type of information that is transmitted and the direction of the transmission poller gt listener or listener gt poller High level state State of the carrier signal when no modulation is applied Listener Passive device in a NFC communication that reacts to a request in the com munication and receives the necessary power from the poller Load modulation Variation of an electromagnetic field by a passive communication device in order to receive the power required for the data transmission Low level state State of the carrier signal during the period when modulation is applied and the power level drops Low state transition Period in which the signal enters the Low level state and goes back to the High level state User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 91 R amp S FS K112PC Glossary NFC Terms AAA Measurement equipment Equipment necessary to test NFC devices For a list of sup ported equipment see Running measurements on page 12 Modulation type Near Field Communication NFC modulation type as defined by the NFC Forum Currently three NFC modulation types with different bitrate
47. ccesenaccecticccseneceetesizetecececcesiaseadeecce 44 Configuring the Measurement Equipment rnnvnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnner 45 Triggering MeasurementS rruunnnnnnnnvvvnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnvnennnnnnnnnnvnennnnnnnnnvnennnnennn 48 Defining Diagram PropertieS wrrrurnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnenr 50 PIV ANY SNS see 52 Remote Control CommandS wwwrxnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnevnennene 54 INTRO CU CUO MN DEE 54 Common COMMAN Sisocincooociioc n nica rn na teen 58 Measurement Control s rrurnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnensnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnen 59 General Commands i csi vs a A ii 59 Ee ET 62 Querying NFC A Poller ResultS rrursnvnnnnnnvnnnnnnvvnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnennnsnnnnnnnnner 65 Querying NFC B and F Poller ResultS rrrrrnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnner 72 Querying NFC A Listener ResultsS rnnnnnvnnnnnnnvennnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnner 75 Querying NFC B and F Listener Results ssssvnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnner 79 SSS SSS SS SS SS SS SSS SS SSS eee ae User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 3 6 10 6 11 6 12 6 13 6 14 Configuring Listener CharacteristiCS rrxnnrnrnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnvnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnner 80 Signal E Tue DE 80 Instrument Configuration rssnvrrnnnnnvnnn
48. channels depends on the hardware con figuration of the oscilloscope RST CH1 Example CONF CHAN CH1 Selects channel 1 as the measurement channel CONFigure COUPling lt RTOCoupling gt This command turns the 1 MOhm coupling of the oscilloscope on and off m User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 82 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands El Instrument Configuration Parameters lt RTOCoupling gt DC50 Selects 50 O impedance DC1M Selects 1 MO impedance RST DC50 Example CONF COUP DC1M Turns the 1 MOhm coupling on CONFigure NFC BITRate lt NFCBitrate gt This command selects the bitrate of the signal Parameters lt NFCBitrate gt AUTO Automatically detects the data rate BR106 Selects 106 kbit s BR212 Selects 212 kbit s BR424 Selects 424 kbit s RST AUTO Example CONF NFC BITR AUTO Automatically detects the bitrate CONFigure NFC BURSt lt BurstNumber gt This command selects a particular NFC burst to be analyzed For more information see chapter 4 3 Selecting a Particular Burst on page 44 Parameters lt BurstNumber gt AUTO Automatically selects an NFC burst for analysis lt numeric_value gt Selects a particular NFC burst for analysis The range depends on the number of bursts found in the UO data RST AUTO Example CONF NFC BURS AUTO Automatically selects the burst to be analyzed CONFigure NFC STANdard lt NFCStandard gt This comma
49. csscssccessesesscesastanssnsaesstsssccysansenersohierietsaoscteentetserechberteniorsebeeetsttentetseres 69 FETCEN POLLerU Sota dd di 69 FORMADA RE 60 IINIMate TREE eet Eed 59 INI MEET EE 59 Jl Se RRE MMEMory NFC LOAD IQ MMEMory NFCG LOAD SETTINOS cocoa ld 60 MMEMory NFC STOREO comicommosoianreo rret NEE ENEE ACCESS EES eeneg 60 MMEMOry NFG STORGRESUS iia are degen 61 MMEMory NFG STORe SET DIR mer tege EEGEN dEEE E sein seen 61 SYS TemiPRES Ot E 61 Rer le RR KE 86 Ne E RM Boi ene 61 TRIGger EVEN E kann a dE SEENEN ke rab TRIGger HOLDoff TIME TRIG GEREEV HR E TRIGGer LEVEIEVALUE 5 cia aii ii AAA desserten 87 TRIGgEer MODE TT 88 TRIGE DEF SECADO DEE 88 TRIGJer OFF Set TIME ccoo lil saadan Ed 88 TRIGJeEFOFFSE VALUE Aune 89 TRIG ger PIMGOUt TIME sc cccceiccecesscesssetsceayescicatesasstenssecn con exbeceuscessseceasecessuaeevsipasavensctecvacassetendeusessdsasabeveseasvaeyae 89 SENSeEDE Mod UI Rinconada a 81 SENSe DEMod COMManidS 4 diseina did 81 SENSE FREQUENCY CENTE mera iia teoria nie ed 85 SENSe LIST ener RAW Factor okee tied iid Ala a SEERE 80 SENSel LISTener RMSFActOT coi cnica orilla intel deg de d 80 SENSeJLISTENerUPE Liria cda ai A Ada 80 STENE Na OM da TT 89 m r Se ee an User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 94 RR ER Ge fe KE JE EEE 85 SENSe NEC PSHOW EE 90 SENS POWE AUTO TIME iss ccsdstee maiden tider da 85 SENSe SWEep SAMPISS inn amt dearest lil
50. d a copy of the result display to any of the printers you have installed on your computer Before you print the results you can configure the printer page setup gt Select the Page Setup menu item from the context menu The software opens a dialog box to define the page layout Select the Print menu item from the context menu The software sends the copy of the result display to the selected printing device Displaying numeric results in the diagram If you want to see the exact results or values at a particular point of one of the traces you can turn on the display of coordinates when you move the mouse over a line or trace Note that this works only in places of the diagram where it is occupied by a line or trace DEE User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 52 R amp S FS K112PC Analysis Eet Select the Show Point Values menu item from the context menu 3 00000010611257 96 750862121582 Zooming into the diagram If you want to see parts of the diagram area in more detail you can use the zoom Mark the area by keeping the mouse button pressed and moving the cursor over the area you need to see in more detail You can zoom in as far as you want The software adjusts the scale and labels of the horizontal and vertical axis accordingly gt To zoom out again select Unzoom from the context menu Note that if you use Unzoom the software only zooms back to the last magnification stage
51. d defines the sample rate Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 20 MHz Default unit Hz Example TRAC IQ SRAT 10MHZ Defines a sample rate of 10 MHz Trigger Configuration TRIGGEREVEN kina a 86 TRIGGER HOLDE TIME EE 87 TREE S T ane ee enka 87 Se SER EE EE ote sedausessanaesageesspihdacessvss Adauevereneedeasenane 87 TRIGO MODE osas daler 88 TRIGJerFOPFFSEKAUTO EE 88 RR Seen RT T eee 88 TRIGJer OPFFSEVMALUEP DEE 89 TRIGJer TIMGOUU KE 89 TRIGger EVENt lt NFCTriggerEvent gt This command selects a certain trigger event Note that you have to select the NFC trigger source with the appropriate NFC modulation type with TRIGger MODE on page 88 AAA AAA A _ _ 52 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 86 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands T Trigger Configuration Parameters lt NFCTriggerEvent gt ALL SEN ALL REQ Or SENS_REQ command is the trigger event Available for NFC A ALLB SENB ALLB REQ Or SENSB_REQ command is the trigger event Available for NFC B SOS48 SOS96 Start of Sequence SoS with a 48 or 96 bit length is the trigger event Available for NFC F RST depends on trigger type Example TRIG MODE NFCA TRIG EVEN SEN Defines the SENS_REQ command NFC A as the trigger event TRIGger HOLDoff TIME lt HoldOff gt This command defines the trigger holdoff Parameters lt HoldOff gt Minimum time between
52. e Avg Trace Average Subcarrier High State Average Subcarrier Low State Average Subcarrier Low State Sr T T EG A AP gt qya gt y 7 y7 gt y 7 gt A DA A SE SEE i Envelope Voltage m CW 100 is set to 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 15 2 0 25 15 Time us Time us Envelope voltage m CW 100 is set to 0 Fig 3 8 NFC B listener signal based on example file NFC F 424kB Example iq tar The listener RF characteristics contain several traces distinguished by different colors For a quick assessment of the contents of the result display the result display also con tains a key to the colors above the diagram e Grey lines The grey lines indicate the lower and upper load modulation levels e Blue black and green traces The blue black and green traces show the RF characteristics of the load modulation The different colors represent different evaluation methods The blue trace represents the maximum load modulation that occured during the transmission The light green trace represents the minimum load modulation that occured dur ing the transmission The black trace represents the average load modulation that occured during the transmission The number of load modulation cycles included in the evaluation of the minimum maxi mum and average voltage depends on the number of transmitted bits User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 27 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results
53. e you can also customize the layout of the user interface by docking elements to a particular position of the working area by adding a tab to an existing element or by altogether removing an element from the user interface 2 4 1 Docking Elements 1 Select an element in the title bar with the mouse and move it around until a docking spot appears Docking spots look like this 2 Move the mouse cursor over one of the possible docking spots The border of the docking spot turns blue The screen area in which the element will be positioned also turns blue 3 Release the element The element docks itself to the corresponding area of the GUI AAA AAA A _ ae User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 15 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software El Connecting Measurement Equipment 2 4 2 Adding an Element as a Tab 1 Select an element with the mouse and move it over the center docking spot in an area where another element already is 2 Release the element The released element is added as a tab to the element d x Poller Values Poller PyT Listener Values ho Poller signal detected The active tab always is in a lighter color than the others Note that tabs may be at the top of the window or at the bottom of the window depending on where the window is in the user interface 3 Select the tab you need by either clicking on the tab itself or by clicking on the symbol and selecting the
54. e modulation type and its bitrate In case of automatic detection the software analyzes the first modulation type it can find in the current capture buffer If you know the modulation type and bitrate you want to test SSS SSS SS A AAA SS E User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 43 R amp S FS K112PC 4 3 Configuration Selecting a Particular Burst or want to test a particular modulation type that is not necessarily the first one in a multi modulation type signal you can also select the modulation type and bitrate manually gt In the toolbar select the modulation type from the NFC Standard dropdown menu gt 8 NFC Standard NFC Bitrate Auto Detect y Burst No SCPI command CONFigure NFC STANdard on page 83 Selecting the bitrate gt gt 8 NFC Standard Auto Detect NFC Bitrate In the toolbar select the bitrate from the NFC Bitrate dropdown menu Burst No Auto Select v 212 kB s 424 kB s Note that the available bitrates or transmission speeds depend on the modulation type you have selected e NFC A supports 106 kbit s e NFC B supports 106 kbit s e NFC F supports 212 and 424 kbit s SCPI command CONFigure NFC BITRate on page 83 Interdependences of modulation type and bitrate If both modulation and bitrate are determined automatically the software analyzes the first burst in the capture buffer If you have selected automatic detection of the modulation type and a particu
55. ed to multiple instan ces of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a measurement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets lt n gt next to the keyword If you don t use a suffix for keywords that support one it is treated as a 1 Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON refers to window 4 6 1 3 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compliance You can include them in the header or not Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you need to use the suffix you have to include the optional keyword Otherwise the suffix is recognized as a 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 55 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 1 4 6 1 5 1 Introduction Vertical Stroke A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both keywords
56. en you query text parameters the system returns its short form SSS SSS ee SS SSS SS ree User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 57 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 1 5 4 6 1 5 5 6 2 Common Commands Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are either text or number They have to be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 following digits indicate the length to be 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the transmission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite format requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length Common Commands ll 58 RS EE 58 IDN This command queries information about the software version
57. ener signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Average Shows the average result within the signal section defined for that result The average result is determined over all listener signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Maximum Shows the result with the highest value within the signal section defined for that result The maximum result is determined over all listener signals of the same modulation type in the capture buffer e Upper limit Shows the maximum value the result may have and still be compliant to the standard specification This number is not a test result but is taken from the standard lower Limit Min Avg Max upper Limit Description Load Modulation mv 95 4951635042406 aan 53 0 Ace to Std 8 ASK Transitions Load Modulation mv 36 17991 49 47609 51 88895 over all ASK Transitions Frame Delay Time FDT Listener us 163 95 163 95 163 95 no Analogue Specification Parameter RF t off us 1000 1 no Analogue Specification Parameter RF Fig 3 16 Listener RF analysis table for NFC A signals based on example file NFC A_Example iq tar the contents of NFC B and NFC F are a subset of the parameters shown for NFC A If the signal is within the limits defined by the NFC Forum the minimum average or maximum value that has been measured is highlighted in green If one of the measured values violates the specified limits it is highlighted in red Note that limits are defined o
58. es or decreases the numeric value by one step The step size depends on the setting In some cases you can customize the step size with a corresponding command Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quan tities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencies The number of digits after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 15 9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF Infinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in case of errors Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represented by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF Example Setting DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 Text Text parameters follow the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 6 1 1 Long and Short Form on page 55 Querying text parameters Wh
59. esults MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt LoadModulation gt Default unit V Example FETC LIST LME MIN would return e g 0 0205 Usage Query only FETCh LISTener LMEight LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of the load modulation over eight low state transitions The limits for the load modulation are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Default unit V Example FETC LIST LME LIM UPP would return e g 0 058 Usage Query only FETCh LISTener LMEight RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the load modulation ICH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 77 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Listener Results Parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the limit check result of the average value MINimum Queries the limit check result of the minimum value MAXimum Queries the limit check result of the maximum value Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass load modulation within the limits 0 Fail load modulaiton not within the limits Example FETC LIST LME RES MIN would return e g 1 Usage Query only FETCh LISTener NBITs This command queries the number of bits that have been transmitted in the recorded signal Return values lt BitNumber g
60. gnal fall time Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass signal fall time within the limits 0 Fail signal fall time not within the limits Example FETC POLL FTIM RES MAX would return e g 1 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer RTIMe lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results for the signal rise time t User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 73 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC B and F Poller Results Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt RiseTime gt Default unit s Example FETC POLL RTIM MIN would return e g 5 2772e 007 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer RTIMe LIMit lt Limit gt This command queries the limits of signal rise time The limits for the rise time are defined in the standard Query parameters lt Limit gt LOWer Queries the lower limit UPPer Queries the upper limit Return values lt LimitValue gt Default unit s Example FETC POLL RTIM LIM UPP would return e g 1 14206e 006 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer RTIMe RESult lt State gt This command queries the limit check result of the signal rise time t The limits for the signal rise time are defined in the standard Parameters lt State gt AVERage Queries the limit check result of the average signal rise time MINimum Queries
61. hannels There must be only one single UO data binary file inside an iq tar file Optionally an iq tar file can contain the following file e UO preview xslt file Contains a stylesheet to display the I Q parameter xml file and a preview of the l Q data in a web browser Exporting signal data When you have recorded UO data that you want to have access to later the R amp S FS K112PC allows you to export the l Q data to a file gt Select the Save UO Data menu item from the File menu File Tools Window He Run Measurement Load WO Data Save UO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software opens a dialog box to define the name and target folder of the file Note that the file extension you have to use is iq tar SCPI command MMEMory NFC STORe IQ on page 60 When you save the signal to a file you can load and view it again anytime you want see Importing signal data on page 13 Exiting the software gt Select the Exit menu item from the File menu User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 14 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software AAA AAA Customizing the User Interface File Tools Window He Run Measurement Load WO Data Save UO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software 2 4 Customizing the User Interface In addition to adding and removing elements to and from the workspac
62. he number of bits that have been transmitted in the recorded signal Return values lt BitNumber gt Number of bits Example FETC POLL NBIT would return e g 128 Usage Query only IEN User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 66 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results FETCh POLLer NFACtor This command queries the normalization factor used for level calculation Return values lt NFactor gt Normalization factor without unit Example FETC POLL NFAC would return e g 99625 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer NCOMmands This command queries the number of commands that have been found during transmis sion of the recorded signal Return values lt CommandNumber gt Number of the commands Example FETC POLL NCOM would return e g 1 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer NTRansitions This command queries the number of low state transitions that have been found in the recorded signal Return values lt Number gt Number of low state transitions Example FETC POLL NTR would return e g 156 Usage Query only FETCh POLLer OSHoot lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results for the signal overshoot Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results S SS A AAA AA A aor User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 67 R
63. he software displays only the burst that is currently analyzed Thus the software shows an improved performance when you have captured several bursts and reduce the file to burst Remote command SENSe NFC FRTBurst on page 89 Phase Shown Turns the display of the phase characteristics of the signal on and off Remote command SENSe NFC PSHown on page 90 R amp S FS K112PC Analysis 9 Analysis The R amp S FS K112PC provides several tools to get more detailed information on the measurement results The corresponding tools are part of the context menu gt Click anywhere within the diagram area of one of the result displays with the right mouse button The context menu opens Copy Save Image s Page Setup Print Show Point Values Un Zoom Undo All Zoom Pan Set Scale to Default Taking a screenshot of the results The R amp S FS K112PC allows you to save a copy of the result display to the computer clipboard Alternatively you can directly save an image of the result display to an internal or external storage device in various image formats like emf png or jpg gt Select the Copy or Save Image As menu item from the context menu When you copy the results the software moves the screenshot to the clipboard When you save the image the software opens a dialog box to define a name and file format for the screenshot Printing the results The R amp S FS K112PC allows you to sen
64. hical Conventions The following text markers are used throughout this documentation User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 5 Conventions Used in the Documentation Convention Description Graphical user interface elements All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen such as dialog boxes menus options but tons and softkeys are enclosed by quotation marks KEYS Key names are written in capital letters File names commands program code File names commands coding samples and screen output are distinguished by their font Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font References References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quotation marks R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Installing R amp S FS K112PC 2 Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software 2 1 2 1 1 Installing R amp S FS K112PC Successful installation of the program requires two steps e Installing Required Components e Installing R amp S FS K112PC Installing Required Components The software requires the installation of several components to run properly All of these components are delivered with the software package Thus you can install them directly from the CD ROM prior to installing the software itself Required software components e Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 e VISA If the req
65. i ovens 85 SENSe SWEep TIME 86 R amp S FS K112PC Index Symbols Modulation index asrrrrnvrnrnvrnnvrnnrnrnrenvvrnnvvrnrrvrenvrenrnn 23 34 Modulation type 29 43 ger 14 N B Klerus e 49 EC Normalization soiirci 34 38 Bit sequence Duruelo is O C Oscilloscope channel 48 Overshoot EE 33 Capture buffer ege gege e dees deed 21 Capture length novrorvnorererrrrorrrvenrrrrverenrrnrvereresnnner 29 47 P A aeaa a ia Commands PASC suse narret Configuration ica dt eet 42 Poller results Se o A O D R Data import export oooocccninccocccononnnncnccconananannnnannccnnna nc 13 De COdING EE 30 Reference level A 47 Deinstallation acia edel EE 7 Reference poller EEN 38 RESUltoVervieN isso ii 28 E Results Capture DUET e icons 21 External tigger usunne 49 DO COGING sein ei siea d ir rca 30 Listener 25 35 F A A A aaa 23 POM SE viii caia tira 30 Kalte iaa aos 33 Statistics 34 38 Frame delay time EE 37 RF analysis 31 36 Frequency cecnccnccncnncnanoninnaninnonarcan an nvsonnrrennesernennssennesarnernener 46 RISS UME iii 33 Functional GE 29 S G SAMPle r te E 47 GUI customization EE 15 Screenshot c ccscsscsssesessssessssess sesessseessecsucececeuseeaneeeseees 52 GUI elements Settings SN add as tab EE 16 Signal carrier cccccscsccsssscssesssssseessesssscssesseseseesncseseesseeeees 21 docking sees testes vrsersennsnessesernesersenersennes 15 Smart CAP N
66. icular configuration is necessary more than once Saving measurement configurations gt Select the Save Settings menu item from the Settings menu User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 42 R amp S FS K112PC Configuration Selecting the NFC Modulation Type File Tools Window He Run Measurement Load WO Data Save UO Data Load Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software opens a dialog box to save the current measurement configuration in a file with the nfcset file extension SCPI command MMEMory NFC STORe SETTings on page 61 Restoring measurement configurations gt Select the Recall Settings menu item from the Settings menu File l Tools Window He Run Measurement Load UO Data Save VO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software opens a dialog box to select a file in the nfcset format that contains a previously saved measurement configuration SCPI command MMEMory NFC LOAD SETTings on page 60 4 2 Selecting the NFC Modulation Type The NFC Forum defines three near field communication modulation standards NFC A NFC B and NFC F Each modulation type supports one or more bitrates also defined by the NFC Forum The R amp S FS K112PC supports measurements on all three modulation types and all available bitrates Selecting the modulation type By default the R amp S FS K112PC automatically detects th
67. ignal sa Analy sed RF passed 100 5 80 ZS E 3 60 6 a g 40 o H F g 20 o 0 62 0 64 0 66 0 58 0 70 0 7 Time ms Fig 3 5 Several NFC A low state transitions based on example file NFC A_Example iq tar 3 1 3 Listener Characteristics The Listener PvT result display shows the level characteristics load modulation of the NFC listener over the period of the transmission The listening device is a passive device that draws its power from the carrier signal that the NFC poller generates This passive use of power from an external device is called load modulation whose characteristics are the main focus when testing the listening device In case of NFC A signals the result display consist of two panes both showing the load modulation e The left pane shows the minimum maxmimum and average load modulation over eight ASK transitions Eight transitions correspond to one bit This number is defined by the NFC Forum as a quality indicator of the load modulation e The right pane shows the minimum maximum and average load modulation over one ASK transition User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 25 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results NFC A Listener Load Mod Duration of 1 Bit acc to std NFC A Listener Load Mod Single Pulse non std Measurement Min Trace Max Trace Min Trace Max Trace Avg Trace Average Subcarrier High State Awg
68. initiates a measurement only under certain circumstances the trigger event After the trigger event has happened the analyzer measures until the required amount of data has been captured The R amp S FS K112PC supports the use of several trigger sources or types e Free Run Free Run mode is basically a measurement without a trigger The measurement instrument captures data regardless of the UO data contents e External Starts the measurement when the signal meets or exceeds a particular power level at the external trigger input of the equipment e F Power spectrum analyzer only Starts the measurement when the IF power meets or exceeds a particular power level at the IF stage of the signal processing e NFC Trigger RTO only Starts the measurement on a poller request NFC A and B or the characteristic Start of Sequence SoS pattern NFC F Because the poller request is distinctive for each modulation type the R amp S RTO provides a customized trigger for each modulation type and bitrate Note that you can additionally select a trigger event for each NFC standard Remote command TRIGger MODE on page 88 Trigger Event Selects a trigger event for the NFC trigger source The available trigger events depend on the modulation and bitrate of the NFC signal e NFC A The trigger events for NFC A are the commands SENS REQ and ALL REQ e NFC B The trigger events for NFC B are the commands SENSB
69. is command queries the number of bursts found in the capture buffer Return values lt Bursts gt Example Usage Number of NFC bursts FETC NOFB would return e g 3 Query only FETCh POLLer RF RESult lt RFResuls gt This command queries the result of the poller test as shown in the Result Overview Return values lt RFResuls gt Example Usage FAIL Poller test has failed NAV Result not available PASS Poller test has passed UNSYNC Software could not synchronize with the signal FETC POLL RF RES would return e g PASS Query only User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 64 R amp S FS K112PC 6 6 Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Poller Results Querying NFC A Poller Results The following commands query the results of NFC A signals ei HR nb TR 65 FETCHPOLLEFASKMOG LIMI EE 66 FETCH IPOLLEPASKMGGIRES UN EE 66 Fe VG Ee BREET 66 FETCNPOE ES NCAA E EEEE 67 FETCHPOLLerNCONMIMARAS secundada 67 FETCHPOLLE ENTRAN ta 67 FETONPOLLe OSHO oo did add ad rd 67 PE Ke ie He eg ET EE 68 FETGHPOLLEFOSHOGERESUK E 68 Here Ge BEE 69 FETCHPOLLEPUS H NE ss asken 69 FET CHIPOL Ler USHOOURES UN caiiint a E AE AEE a 69 a Rb Ge a e 70 FETGEPOLLEFTIN O EE 70 a K ab e BE WR EE 70 ankeken e EE 70 ai He ap Se D EE 70 FETCHPOLESFTONETINMIP ada 70 FETGCH POLE Sr T W Ree E LR 70 FETCNPOLLEFTTARES UMI mers its 70 FETCMPOLLerTFOUT te 71 FETCN POLLSETFNG LIMI ica 71 F
70. isplay shows the level characteristics of the NFC poller over the period of exactly one low state transition It also shows if the low state transition is within the limits defined by the NFC Forum graphically Basically a poller transmission consists of several low state transitions During a low state transition the voltage drops to a lower level than the carrier signal The number of low state transitions in the signal depends on the amount of bits that are transmitted NFC A Poller Avg Trace Min Trace fax Trace Limits Vii Pause 120 100 E on 9 gt 2 60 9 amp a Y 20 0 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 Time us Fig 3 3 NFC A poller signal based on example file NFC A Example iq tar Viewing all low state transitions If you want to see all low state transitions of the transmission use the Capture Buffer result display The displayed voltage is the voltage of the signal in of the carrier signal transmitted by the poller The carrier signal is normalized to 100 Note that the result display consists of two panes in case of NFC B and NFC F signals e The left pane shows the falling edge of the low state transition e The right pane shows the rising edge of the low state transition User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 23 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results NFC B Poller falling Edge NFC B Poller rising Edge Fug Trace Min Trace Avg Trace Min Trace Ma
71. lar bitrate the software analyzes the first burst with the selected bitrate If you have selected a particular modulation type and automatic detection of the bitrate the software analyzes the first burst with the selected modulation Selecting a Particular Burst By default the R amp S FS K112PC analyzes the first NFC burst that it can find in the capture buffer regardless of its modulation type and bitrate If several NFC bursts are available in the capture buffer the software also allows you to analyze a particular burst User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 44 R amp S FS K112PC 4 4 gt Configuration Configuring the Measurement Equipment In the toolbar select the number of the burst you want to analyze from the Burst No dropdown menu gt e NFC Standard Auto Detect NFC Bitrate Auto Deteci v Burst No Auto Select OT amp LO NI The size of the dropdown menu corresponds to the number of NFC bursts that the R amp S FS K112PC has detected in the I Q data For example if the signal contains five bursts the dropdown menu contains five entries SCPI command CONFigure NFC BURSt on page 83 Availability of burst selection Burst selection is only possible after the UO data has been recorded because the software first needs to determine the number of NFC bursts in the capture buffer If you want to select a burst before the UO data has been captured and evaluated only automatic selection or eval
72. lation The level calculation shows the factor that has been used to normalize the voltage of the carrier signal to 100 Level Calculation 100 Normalisation Factor i N lised Poll Input Signal x 18 41186 gt Saul ised Poller User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 34 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results Example If the voltage of the carrier signal is 2 V a normalization factor of 0 5 is required to nor malize the signal to a 100 2V 05 1 100 3 2 4 Listener Characteristics The Listener Values result display contains miscellaneous test results for the NFC lis tener In addition it contains an illustration that shows the characteristics of the load modulation used to transmit an NFC signal Note that the illustration for NFC A signals is different to that of NFC B and NFC F signals O Combining graphical and numerical results When you display the numerical results it is best if you do so in combination with the graphical listemer test results For more information see chapter 3 1 2 Poller Characteristics on page 23 Typically the listener is defined as the device that passively receives the data In case of a passive listener the poller provides the power necessary for the transmission The Listener Values result display is made up out of several elements and result cate gories NFC A Listener RF Analysis lower Limit Min Max upper Limit Desc
73. limits for the load modulation Parameters lt Signal gt PO Selects poller PO P3 Selects poller P3 P6 Selects poller P6 RST P3 Example LIST UPFL P6 Selects poller type P6 6 11 Signal Decoding The following commands query the decoding results IEN User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 80 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands sss a A Signal Decoding CONFigure NFC DECoding FORMa t roororonononenanananenananennntananenenenenenenenennnrnnenenenanenanenene 81 SERA Eege ARENS BEES EN SENSEJDEMOd GOMMEA nDS ennie rai A ENNEN Ed ES EN CONFigure NFC DECoding FORMat lt DisplayFormat gt This command selects the format for the decoding results Parameters lt DisplayFormat gt BIN Selects binary format HEX Selects hexadecimal format Example CONF NFC DEC FORM BIN Selects binary format for the decoding results SENSe DEMod BITS This command queries the bit sequences that have been found for the poller and listener Return values lt Bits gt List of poller and listener bit sequences separated by commas The command first returns the poller bit sequences in consecutive order then the listener bit sequences in consecutive order Example DEM BITS would return e g 00111010 01101100100011010100 1010000111101000001 Usage Query only SENSe DEMod COMMands This command queries the command syntax of the commands that have been found for poller and listener Ret
74. lt displays each containing a set of related results e The Settings dialog contains functionality to configure the measurement You can add as many different windows to the workspace as you want but each type of window only once gt Select the Window item in the menu bar The software opens a dropdown menu to add or remove windows File Tools Window Help gt e NE Overview el Capture Buffer Poller Values Poller PvT Graph Listener Values Listener PyT Graph el Decoding To add a window just select the corresponding entry in the dropdown menu User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 11 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Starting the R amp S FS K112PC To remove a window deselect the corresponding entry in the dropdown menu LJ or close it with the BY button Hidden tabs If the icon is visible in one of the window frames there are hidden tabs that don t fit in the user interface If you click on the icon a list of all active tabs in that window opens Performing a preset All settings have been assigned predefined values that you can restore anytime you need gt Select the Preset menu item from the File menu File Tools Window He Run Measurement Load UO Data Save UO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software restores the predefined values for all settings SCPI command SYSTem PRESet
75. ncita tas 23 Listener GHAFACIONSUCS ui aaa id ici 25 3 1 1 Capture Buffer The Capture Buffer result display shows the power level of the complete I Q data stored in the capture buffer The size of the capture buffer depends on the capture length you have defined see chapter 4 Configuration on page 42 Envelope power in Y of CW NFC Signal ez Analysed RF passed 40 120 100 HFC F analysed 5 10 15 20 25 Time ms Fig 3 1 Capture buffer containing the I Q data of an NFC F signal based on example file NFC F_212kB_Example iq tar The software calculates and shows the envelope voltage of the signal relative to the level of the carrier signal transmitted by the poller The carrier signal is a continuous wave The carrier signal is normalized to 100 The voltage is displayed on the left diagram axis When two NFC devices exchange data the carrier signal supplied by the poller is modu lated for a particular amount of time the low state transition in case of poller signals and load modulation in case of listener signals During this time the voltage of the carrier signal drops or rises by a certain amount You can see the taps into the power by the shape of the trace S O SOOO ech n am ch _ ae St A ns A A S ch 1 carrier signal power 100 2 low state transition power lt 10 of the modulation depth poller signal 2 load modulation power 100 listener
76. nd selects the NFC modulation type User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 83 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands AAA Instrument Configuration Parameters lt NFCStandard gt AUTO Automatically detects the modulation type NFCA Selects modulation type NFC A NFCB Selects modulation type NFC B NFCF Selects modulation type NFC F RST AUTO Example CONF NFC STAN NFCB Selects the NFC B CONFigure POWer AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic determination of the reference level on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example CONF POW AUTO OFF Turns off automatic determination of the level DISPlay TRACe Y RLEV lt RefLevel gt This command defines the expected signal level reference level This command is available if CONFigure POWer AUTO is off Parameters lt RefLevel gt Level value in dBm RST 6 00 dBm Default unit dBm Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV 5 Defines a level of 5 dBm INPut ATTenuation lt Attenuation gt This command defines the attenuation The command is available for measurements with a spectrum analyzer and if CONFigure POWer AUTO is off Parameters lt Attenuation gt Attenuation level of the analyzer Default unit dB SSS SS ee AAA Ee re User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 84 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands El Instrument Configuration Example CONF POW AUTO OFF INP ATT 10 Defines an attenuation of 10 dB SENSe
77. nly for the load modulation Load Modulation The two load modulation results evaluate the load which attenuates the electromagnetic field NFC A SSS SS SSS SSS rai User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 36 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results For NFC A the load modulation limits are defined for one bit which consists of 8 ASK transitions Fig 3 17 8 ASK transitions in a NFC A signal corresponding to 1 bit The R amp S FS K112PC shows these as well as the load modulation over all ASK transitions in the signal The result over all transitions is not measured against limits because no limits have been defined by the NFC Forum for that case NFC B For NFC B and F limits are defined for one ASK transition Thus the software only shows the minimum maxmimum and average load modulation of all ASK transitions that have been analyzed Note that the limit values are different depending on the poller you are using For more information see chapter 3 2 4 3 Level Calculation and Poller Settings on page 38 For more information on load modulation see chapter 3 1 3 Listener Characteristics on page 25 Remote command FETCh LISTener LMAL1 on page 76 FETCh LISTener LMEight on page 77 FETCh LISTener LMEight LIMit on page 77 FETCh LISTener LMEight RESult on page 77 Frame Delay Time Listener Poller The frame delay time is the time that goes by between a
78. nnvnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennr 82 ee UU EE 86 Result Display Configuration srrrnnnvnnnnnvvnnnnnvnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnvennnnnennnnnnnnnnnennr 89 Glossary NFC TermsS rrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 91 List e D 93 11 AAPP 96 R amp S FS K112PC Preface Documentation Overview 1 Preface 1 1 Documentation Overview The user documentation for the R amp S FS K112PC consists of the following parts e Documentation CD ROM with User Manual Release Notes Data sheet and product brochures User Manual The user manual is available in PDF format in printable form on the Documentation CD ROM delivered with the software In the user manual all software functions are described in detail Furthermore it provides a complete description of the remote control commands The user manual is also integrated in the software gt Select the View Help menu item from the Help menu File Tools Window Help gt e NEC Stand View Help About The software opens the user manual Release Notes The release notes describe new and modified functions eliminated problems and last minute changes to the documentation The corresponding firmware version is indicated on the title page of the release notes The most recent release notes are provided on the internet 1 2 Conventions Used in the Documentation Typograp
79. ntage with the carrier signal being 100 The modulation index defined for NFC B and NFC F also represents the voltage drop during the low state transitions but is a ratio of voltages at defined locations of the transition V Y m 2 Vi V with V being the high amplitude and V being the low amplitude e Blue black and green traces The blue black and green traces show the level characteristics of the poller signal over time The displayed time is a little longer than one NFC low state transition lasts The different colors represent different evaluation methods The blue trace represents the minimum voltage that has been measured for all transitions during the transmission User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 24 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results The light green trace represents the maximum voltage that has been measured for all transitions during the transmission The black trace represents the average voltage of all transitions during the trans mission The number of low state transitions included in the evaluation of the minimum max imum and average voltage depends on the amount of information contained in the poller request Example In case of the signal shown below from the Capture Buffer result display the R amp S FS K112PC would include seven low state transitions in the evaluation of the minimum maximum and average traces HFC A analysed NFC S
80. of a so called header and in most cases one or more parameters A query command must append a question mark after the last header element even if it contains a parameter A header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parameters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another This chapter summarizes the most important characteristics that you need to know when working with SCPI commands For a more complete description refer to the manual of one of the R amp S analyzers Remote command examples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this introductory chapter may not be supported by this application User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 54 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands REESEN Introduction 6 1 1 Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other abbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letter Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT 6 1 2 Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be appli
81. on page 61 Running measurements When you start the software it assumes that it gets the data from an instrument spectrum analyzer or oscilloscope that is connected to the PC via TCP IP In that case the R amp S FS K112PC records and evaluates the UO data live from the measurement equip ment Currently the R amp S FS K112PC supports the following instruments e R amp S FSL spectrum analyzer e R amp S FSV signal analyzer e R amp S FSQ signal analyzer e R amp S FSW signal analyzer e R amp S ZVL network analyzer e R amp S RTO oscilloscope Press the gt Run Measurement and M buttons in the toolbar to start or stop a measurement Note that the button initiates the recording of the UO data Current UO data is lost The amount of UO data depends on the Capture Length you have defined For more A User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 12 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Starting the R amp S FS K112PC information see chapter 4 4 Configuring the Measurement Equipment on page 45 SCPI command INITiate IMMediate on page 59 Press the 4 button to evaluate the UO data currently in the capture buffer again Refreshing the results is useful if you want to evaluate the UO data with different settings for example SCPI command INITiate REFResh on page 59 As an alternative to a live recording you can restore previously recorded UO data from a file and evaluate that UO da
82. on rights Security policies of your network environment might prevent you from editing the system registry or installing drivers Contact your IT administration in that case User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 10 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Starting the R amp S FS K112PC 2 3 Starting the R amp S FS K112PC gt Start the R amp S FS K112PC with the desktop icon or select Programs gt R amp S NFC Analysis in the Windows Start Menu The user interface GUI of the software opens Software user interface Basically the user interface consists of these elements e amenu bar that provides access to the software functionality at the top e atoolbar that provides easy access to the most important functions e aworkspace In the initial state the R amp S FS K112PC shows the Result Overview the Decoding results and the Poller Values All other result displays are added to the Poller Values result dis plays as tabs For more information on available result displays see chapter 3 Meas urements and Result Displays on page 20 If you want another layout of the workspace you can customize its layout For more information see chapter 2 4 Customizing the User Interface on page 15 Adding or removing windows from the workspace The R amp S FS K112PC provides several types of windows e Result displays contain the measurement results of the NFC analysis The R amp S FS K112PC provides several resu
83. one trigger event and the next RST 10 0 us Default unit s Example TRIG HOLD 0 000015 Defines a holdoff time of 15 us TRIGger LEVel AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic definition of the trigger level on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example See TRIGger LEVel VALue on page 87 TRIGger LEVel VALue lt Level gt This command defines the trigger level The trigger level is available for all trigger types and if TRIGger LEVel AUTO is off Parameters lt Level gt Trigger level that must be met to initiate a measurement RST 14V Default unit V User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 87 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands M aM al Trigger Configuration Example TRIG LEV AUTO OFF TRIG LEV 2V Defines a trigger level of 2 Volt TRIGger MODE lt NFCBitrate gt This command selects the trigger type or source Parameters lt NFCBitrate gt EXTernal Selects the External trigger IFPower Selects the IF Power trigger Available for measurements with R amp S FSL R amp S ZVL and R amp S FSV IMMediate Selects no trigger source Free Run mode NFCA NFCB NFCF212 NFCF424 Selects one of the NFC triggers The characters after NFC define the standard and in case of the NFC F standard the bitrate Available for measurements with R amp S RTO RST NFCA Example TRIG MODE EXT Selects an external trigger source TRIGger OFFSet AUT
84. oot Yo A Undershoot Vu A 95 0 100 0 96 Analysed Commands 1 Analysed Bits 9 Analysed ASK Transition ul 100 Normalisation Factor 11 60209 For more information on each result see chapter 3 2 3 Poller Characteristics on page 30 Listener Values The Listener Values result display contains miscellaneous test results for the NFC lis tener AAA AA AA a are User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 40 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results Listener Values lower Limit Min Avg Max upper Limit Description i Acc to Std 8 Load ee 9 5 53 0 Ge Transitions Forgot er 36 17991 49 47609 51 88895 E mv Transitions Frame Delay no Analogue Time FDT 163 95 163 95 163 95 Specification Listener us Parameter RF no Analogue toff us 1000 1 Specification Parameter RF Analysed Commands 1 Analysed Bits 19 Analysed ASK Transitions 93 Poller Type Poller 3 Raw Factor 1 41421 Peak RMS factor 1 00000 For more information on each result see chapter 3 2 4 Listener Characteristics on page 35 Decoding The Decoding result display shows the commands and corresponding bit sequences that have been sent during the transmission Pol SENS REQ 001100100 Lis SENS RES 1001000000000000001 For more information see chapter 3 2 2 Decoded Signal on page 30 AAA User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 41 R amp S FS K112PC Configuration Managing Measurement Configurations 4 Configuration
85. r Signal Capture Time 25 0 Detected Bursts 3 File Information File Name NFC F_212kB_Example File Type ig tar Path C Program Files x86 Rohde Schwarz NFC Analysis ExampleSignals Fig 3 10 Result overview containing the results for the analysis of an NFC F signal based on example file NFC F_212kB_Example iq tar Analyzed Signal The Analyzed Signal pane of the Result Overview contains various general informa tion about the signal currently analyzed The analyzed modulation type and bitrate are the modulation type and bitrate that have been detected If you have set those two manually they have to match the actual signal Otherwise the software is not able to decode the signal and will show n a for all results The pane also contains general pass and fail information of the poller and listener RF characteristics regarding the limits defined by the NFC Forum If the signal is within the defined limits the test has Passed otherwise it has Failed If the result could not be interpreted the software shows an Unclear information The Functional Test checks if the communication between poller and listener works alright Details of the functional test are summarized in the Decoding result display The signal capture time is the Capture Length defined on the measurement equipment Remote command ETCh DEMod RESult on page 62 ETCh LISTener RF RESult on page 62 ETCh NFC STANdard on page 64 ETCh NFC BITRate on page 63
86. r query on any aspect of the operation programming or applications of Rohde amp Schwarz equipment Up to date information and upgrades To keep your instrument up to date and to be informed about new application notes related to your instrument please send an e mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish We will take care that you will get the right information Europe Africa Middle East Phone 49 89 4129 12345 customersupport rohde schwarz com North America Phone 1 888 TEST RSA 1 888 837 8772 customer support rsa rohde schwarz com Latin America Phone 1 410 910 7988 customersupport la rohde schwarz com Asia Pacific Phone 65 65 13 04 88 customersupport asia rohde schwarz com China Phone 86 800 810 8228 86 400 650 5896 customersupport china rohde schwarz com ROHDE amp SCHWARZ 1171 0200 22 06 00 Quality management and environmental management Sehr geehrter Kunde Sie haben sich fur den Kauf eines Rohde amp Schwarz Produk tes entschieden Sie erhalten damit ein nach modernsten Fer tigungsmethoden hergestelltes Produkt Es wurde nach den Regeln unserer Qualit ts und Umweltmanagementsysteme entwickelt gefertigt und gepruft Rohde amp Schwarz ist unter ande rem nach den Managementsys temen 1509001 und ISO 14001 zertifiziert Der Umwelt verpflichtet 1 Energie effiziente RoHS konforme Produkte 1 Kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung nachhaltiger Umweltkonzepte
87. ription Load Modulation mV 55 495163 5042406 5154222 53 0 Acc to Std 8 ASK Transito Load Modulation mm 36 17991 49 47509 51 88895 over all ASK Transitio Frame Delay Time FDT Listener us 163 95 163 95 163 95 no Analogue Specification Parameter A t off us 1000 1 no Analogue Specification Parameter A w Statistics Analysed Commands 1 Analysed Bits 13 Analysed ASK Transitions 33 A A A A Ta A Level Calculation and Poller Settings Alle OG Modulation Used Poller for Limits Poller 3 IQ Wizard Raw Peak RMS Factor Factor Input Signal lt 1 00000 x 1 41421 Load Modulation W Apply New Values Fig 3 15 Listener results of an NFC A signal based on example file NFC A Example iq tar User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 35 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 2 4 1 Numerical Results e NFC lt x gt Listener RF Analyse 36 De 38 e Level Calculation and Poller Settidgs omoconiciion ire dnde 38 NFC lt x gt Listener RF Analysis The RF analysis contains several results that indicate the signal quality For each result the R amp S FS K112PC shows several numbers e Lower limit Shows the minimum value the result may have and still be compliant to the standard specification This number is not a test result but is taken from the standard e Minimum Shows the result with the lowest value within the signal section defined for that result The minimum result is determined over all list
88. s are defined NFC A NFC B and NFC F NFC Near Field Communication Term to decribe a technology that allows smartphones or similar devices to establish radio communication with each other For successful communication the devices usually are only a few centimeters apart Applications are e g contactless transactions or data exchange Communication between two NFC devices usually consists of a poller request and lis tener response NFC Forum The NFC Forum is a non profit industry association that promotes and specifies the use of NFC short range wireless interaction in consumer electronics mobile devices and PCs Overshoot Signal state when after the low level state the signal level rises and over shoots the original carrier level before it settles again Poller Active device in a NFC communication that initiates the communication and sup plies the necessary power Reference equipment A set of reference poller and reference listener The reference equipment has been specified by the NFC Forum and has been designed to allow for valid testing of the RF characteristics of an NFC device Standard Specification documents by the NFC Forum Undershoot Signal state when in the process of modulation the signal level is under a specified level for a short time before reaching the targeted signal level IEN User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 92 R amp S FS K112PC List of Commands List of Commands S
89. ssed or failed The results are highlighted depending on the quality of the signal and provided that the software could find an actual NFC signal in the l Q data green highlighting Listener RF passed The test has passed The signal complies to the specifications defined by the NFC Forum yellow highlighting The test has passed in parts However something did not comply to the specifications defined by the NFC Forum e g if the listener has passed the test but the poller did not red highlighting The test has failed completely No signal parts comply to the specifications defined by the NFC Forum or the software was not able to process the data as expected no highlighting The R amp S FS K112PC could not detect an NFC signal in the I Q data Graphical Results The graphical displays are basically a representation of the signal power against a par ticular period of time gt Select the Capture Buffer the Poller PvT Graph or the Listener PvT Graph item from the Windows menu File Tools Window Help gt e Overview Capture Buffer Poller Values Poller PyT Graph Listener Values Listener PyT Graph Decoding User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 20 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results The software opens the corresponding windows and displays the results if you have previously performed a measurement Capre UNMET Lune eee dekke eege 21 Polley Characiefistes i
90. t Number of bits you have queried Example FETC LIST NBIT Queries the analysed bits Usage Query only FETCh LISTener NCOMmands This command queries the number of commands that have been sent during transmission of the recorded signal Return values lt CommandNumber gt Number of the commands you have queried Example FETC LIST NCOM Queries the analysed commands Usage Query only FETCh LISTener NTRansitions This command queries the number of ASK transitions that could be found in the recorded signal Return values lt Number gt Number of transitions you have queried DES User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 78 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 9 Querying NFC B and F Listener Results Example FETC LIST NTR Queries the analysed transitions Usage Query only FETCh LISTener TOFF This command queries the timing offset Return values lt Offset gt Time period between two bursts in seconds Default unit s Example FETC LIST TOFF Queries the timing offset Usage Query only Querying NFC B and F Listener Results The following commands query the results of NFC A signals Commands useful to query NFC B and F listener results described elsewhere ETCh LISTener FDTL on page 75 e ETCh LISTener LMAL1 on page 76 o ETCh LISTener NCOMmands on page 78 FI FI e FETCh LISTener NBITs on page 78 Oo F ETCh LISTener NTRansitions on p
91. tType gt This command queries the measurement results of the frame delay time FDT of the poller Query parameters lt ResultType gt Return values lt FrameDelay gt Example Usage AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Default unit s FETC LIST FDTP MAX would return e g 0 00005339 Query only FETCh LISTener LMALI lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results of the load modulation over all ASK transitions Query parameters lt ResultType gt Return values lt LoadModulation gt Example Usage Note that the parameters only have an effect for NFC A signals NFC B and F analysis does not calculate minimum and maximum values AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Default unit V FETC LIST LMAL Queries the average load modulation over all transitions for NFC B and F signals would return e g 0 0206 Query only User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 76 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Listener Results FETCh LISTener LMEight lt ResultType gt This command queries the measurement results of the load modulation over eight low state transistions Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum r
92. ta again Importing signal data If you have a recorded set of UO data stored in a file with the file extension iq tar you can load it into the software gt Select the Load UO Data menu item from the File menu File Tools Window He Run Measurement Load WO Data Save UO Data Load Settings Save Settings Export Results Preset Software Exit The software opens a dialog box to select the file The file must have the iq tar format SCPI command MMEMory NFC LOAD IQ on page 60 After you have opened the file the software analyzes the data that the file contains auto matically User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 13 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software Starting the R amp S FS K112PC The iq tar file format An iq tar file contains UO data in binary format together with meta information that describes the nature and the source of data e g the sample rate The objective of the iq tar file format is to separate UO data from the meta information while still having both inside one file In addition the file format allows you to include customized data An iq tar file must contain the following files e UO parameter xm file Contains meta information about the l Q data e g sample rate The filename can be defined freely but there must be only one single UO parameter xml file inside an iq tar file e 1 Q data binary file Contains the binary UO data of all c
93. the limit check result of the minimum signal rise time MAXimum Queries the limit check result of the maximum signal rise time User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 74 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 8 Querying NFC A Listener Results Return values lt LimitCheck gt 1 Pass signal rise time within the limits 0 Fail signal rise time not within the limits Example FETC POLL RTIM RES MAX would return e g 0 Usage Query only Querying NFC A Listener Results The following commands query the results of NFC A signals PE PCH LIS TORS e NEE 75 FETCHUISTENS EDTV ne 76 FET CHALIS Tener LIMA ida 76 FETCHES Tener E ET TT FETCHES Tener LMEHNE LIME sonene TT FETC LIS Tenet LMEOI RESU eebe d e EES ENEE TT PE pA TS Tete OT NEE 78 FETCHLIS Tener leren E ET 78 FETCH LISTeNErNTRansikons E 78 FETESTE TORF ad ide 79 FETCh LISTener FDTL lt Result Type gt This command queries the measurement results for the frame delay time FDT of the listening device Query parameters lt ResultType gt AVERage Queries the average results MINimum Queries the minimum results MAXimum Queries the maximum results Return values lt FrameDelay gt Default unit s Example FETC LIST FDTL MAX would return e g 0 0024248 Usage Query only Ann User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 75 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Querying NFC A Listener Results FETCh LISTener FDTP lt Resul
94. the voltage drop during the low state transition The modulation depth is a percentage with 100 voltage repre senting the voltage of the carrier signal V Remote command FETCh POLLer ASKMod on page 65 FETCh POLLer ASKMod LIMit on page 66 FETCh POLLer ASKMod RESult on page 66 AAA SS SS SSS aaa ae User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 33 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays a ed Numerical Results Modulation Index mod_i F NFC B and F only The modulation index also represents the power drop during the low state transitions but is a ratio of voltages at defined locations of the low state transition a h a Mi Vi V with V being the high amplitude and V being the low amplitude Remote command see commands at ASK Modulation Depth NFC A only on page 33 3 2 3 2 Poller Statistics The statistics section contains statistics about the poller signal Statistics analyzed Commands 1 analyzed Bits 129 analyzed ASK Transitions 117 e Analyzed commands Number of commands that have been sent during the transmission of the recorded signal e Analyzed bits Number of bits that have been transmitted in the recorded signal e Analyzed ASK transitions Number of low state transitions that could be found in the recorded signal SCPI commands FETCh POLLer NCOMmands on page 67 FETCh POLLer NBITs on page 66 FETCh POLLer NTRansitions on page 67 3 2 3 3 Level Calcu
95. to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional Keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ SCPI Parameters Many commands feature one or more parameters If a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values NOMERE Values TEE 56 e PN NHH 57 O TOM EE 57 ET MIS See Sege eee eee 58 e Block DANA EE EE EE deg 58 Numeric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form i e with sign decimal point or exponent In case of physical quantities you can also add the unit If the unit is missing the command uses the basic unit Example with unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 159 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Instead of a number you can also set numeric values with a text parameter in special cases e MIN MAX Defines the minimum or maximum numeric value that is supported e DEF Defines the default value IEN User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 56 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands 6 1 5 2 6 1 5 3 Introduction e UP DOWN Increas
96. uation of the first burst are available When you have selected a particular burst use the Refresh button 2 to evaluate that burst Interdependences with modulation type and bitrate If all three parameters modulation bitrate and burst number are detected automat ically the software analyzes the first NFC burst If you have selected a particular modulation and or bitrate with automatic burst selection the software analyzes the first corresponding NFC burst The first corre sponding NFC burst may be the first burst in the capture buffer or the lt n gt th burst in the capture buffer If it does not find a burst of the selected standard it does not evaluate any results If you have selected automatic detection of the standard and or bitrate but a par ticular burst number the software analyzes that burst only If you have selected a particular modulation and or bitrate and a particular burst number the software also analyzes the burst you have selected If the burst does not comply to the selected modulation and bitrate the software does not evaluate any results Configuring the Measurement Equipment If you are recording signals with an analyzer or oscilloscope you need to set up and establish a connection You also have to define the basic signal or measurement char acteristics in order to get valid results User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 45 Configuring the Measurement Equipment The measurement instr
97. uired components are already installed on your computer you can skip this step Installing Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 The R amp S FS K112PC requires the installation of Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 or later Check if NET Framework is already installed 1 Navigate to the installation location usually the CD ROM drive 2 Start Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 Check for NET Installed exe The file checks if NET Framework is installed or not 3 Ifnot start Install Framework Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 dotnetfx exe and follow the instructions Install VISA It is also necessary to install VISA Virtual Instrument Software Architecture to access instruments connected to the PC via IEEE or LAN bus It is then possible to remote control the measurement instrument You can use both National Instruments and Agilent VISA e The National Instrument VISA driver CD is supplied together with the R amp S FSPC You can also visit http www ni com visa to get the latest version for your operating system if you are licensed to User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 7 R amp S FS K112PC Welcome to the NFC Measurement Software 2 1 2 2 2 Using the Smart Card Reader e If you are using an Agilent hardware or need to use the Agilent VISA visit http www agilent com to get the latest version for your operating system Installing R amp S FS K112PC After installing all required components you can install the R amp S FS K112PC
98. ument is either a Rohde amp Schwarz spectrum analyzer or oscil loscope For a list of supported measurement equipment see chapter 2 5 Connecting Measurement Equipment on page 16 All necessary settings are part of the Settings dialog box Instrument Settings Trigger Settings Instrument IP Address lt Enter IP Addess gt Trigger Type NFC A v NFC Trigger Event Center Frequency MHz 13 56 Auto Trigger Level Sample Rate MHz 20 00 Trigger Level V 14 Capture Length me Hold Off Time us 10 0 Auto Level Time Out Time s 60 Level dBm K Auto Trigger Offset Attenuation dB FSx Only Trigger Offset ms e Auto Lvl Track Time ms Graph Settings Noise Toler oe leie File reduced to Burst Channel RTO Only E Phase shown Use 1 MOhm Coupling RTO only Instrument IP Address oninia aaaea E aa Aaaa 46 Center EE 46 SAM RAS A E E E AE A 47 Caplure Longi DEE 47 AUTO EE 47 TIET DEE 47 Noise ee 48 Chane RTO OMV EE EAAS 48 Instrument IP Address Defines the IP address of the instrument If you don t know the IP address of the analyzer you can figure it out on the analyzer itself For more information see chapter 2 5 Connecting Measurement Equipment on page 16 If you are not sure if the IP address you have entered is the right one you can check if the connection was successful with the Check Connection button Check Connection Remote command CONFig
99. ure ADDRess lt instid gt on page 82 Center Frequency Defines the frequency of the NFC signal in MHz R amp S FS K112PC Configuration AAA A SaaS 8 Ee Configuring the Measurement Equipment The frequency corresponds to the center frequency the measurement equipment is tuned to For measurements on a signal compliant to the NFC standard the frequency is usually 13 56 MHz Remote command SENSe FREQuency CENTer on page 85 Sample Rate Defines the sample rate in MHz used used during signal processing To get valid measurement results a sample rate of at least 10 MHz is recommended Remote command TRACe IQ SRATe on page 86 Capture Length Defines the amount of data to be captured The capture length corresponds to the amount of UO data that the measurement equip ment captures during the measurements Make sure that all NFC commands you want to analyze are captured completely Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 86 Auto Level Defines the expected power level of the NFC signal at the RF input The expected level corresponds to the reference level of the measurement equipment You can define the level manually or turn on automatic detection of the signal level If you select automatic detection of the level the software performs a test measurement that determines the signal power Based on this measurement the software subsequently sets the ideal reference level for the measurement
100. urn values lt Commands gt List of poller and listener commands separated by commas The command first returns the poller commands in consecutive order then the listener commands in consecutive order Example DEM COMM would returnd e g SENS REQ SDD REQ CL1 SENS RES Usage Query only IECH User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 81 R amp S FS K112PC Remote Control Commands Instrument Configuration 6 12 Instrument Configuration EE Lee ee E 82 GONFigure CHANNEL suitene ada 82 CONFIqure COMPRO cocida dani bn innata aqii ekke m de eknde demente 82 CON Figure ee cuina id ti 83 GONFigure NFOBURSL EE 83 CON Figure NFO STANSE Lundes age de annen 83 CONFigure POWerAU TO EE 84 DISPlay TRACE Y EE 84 IO Tenue eegene slate A ENNEN ad 84 SENS FREQuency CENTER 2 NeEENEERNENE ENNEN aaa 85 SENSEENECINT OMS E 85 SENSEFPOWer AUTO MME odia da dd ek 85 SENSE SWESS E 85 ESSEN 86 See e KEE 86 CONFigure ADDRess lt instid gt lt IPAddress gt This command defines the network address for a connection with measurement equip ment Parameters lt IPAddress gt String containing the instrument s IP address Example CONF ADDR 192 168 0 1 Defines a TCP IP connection with a corresponding address CONFigure CHANnel lt RTOChannel gt This command selects the channel the signal is applied to on an oscilloscope Parameters lt RTOChannel gt CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 The available number of
101. ver does not comply to the currently selected modulation type However even if the signal is a valid NFC signal demodulation might not be possible This may be the case if for example the selected modulation type does not match the modulation type of the signal The figure below shows the same signal in both diagrams In the left picture the signal has not been evaluated because the selected modulation type does not match the signal modulation type The software shows a grey bar If the selected modulation type matches that of the signal the demodulation did work and the signal is marked by a green bar Ho HFC Signal analysed HFC B analysed EMO Sal a see DSU FE nespal Avge RF passed 120 120 o o 5 100 5 100 80 80 pl pl g 60 g 60 a 5 40 5 4 E S 5 20 20 D 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0 1 1 12 13 1 Time ms Time ms Fig 3 2 NFC B signal with NFC A selected left and NFC B selected right based on example file NFC B_Example iq tar The result display also shows the phase oscillation in the diagram as a red line when you turn on the display of the phase characteristics see Phase Shown on page 51 In that case the right vertical diagram axis represents the scale of the phase display User Manual 1175 6578 02 02 22 R amp S FS K112PC Measurements and Result Displays Graphical Results 3 1 2 Poller Characteristics The Poller PvT result d
102. x Trace Limits Max Trace Limits Carrier Lvl Carrier Lvl minus Mod Depth Carer Lvl Carrier Lvl minus Mod Depth E ES T T gt gt u a a a E E 6 D a a Time us Time us Fig 3 4 NFC B poller signal based on example file NFC B Example iq tar NFC F looks similar Compared to NFC A NFC B and NFC F do not define limits for the duration of the low state transition Limits are only defined for the rising and falling edges Thus the scale of the horizontal axis is variable for these modulation types and the R amp S FS K112PC only shows the falling and rising edges For NFC A the limits and duration of the transition are fix Therefore the scale of the horizontal axis is also fix The result display contains several lines distinguished by colors For a quick assessment of the contents of the result display it includes a key to the colors above the diagram e Red lines The red lines are the upper and lower limits defined by the NFC Forum If the signal complies to the specified limits all RF traces have to be within the two red lines If one of the signal traces violates the limits the RF test fails In case of NFC A signals the limits not only define the voltage that the signal should have but also the duration of the transmission e Grey lines The grey lines indicate the modulation depth The modulation depth is the magnitude of the voltage drop during the low state tran sition The modulation depth is a perce

R&S FS-K112PC NFC Measurement Software User Manual

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R&amp;S FS-K112PC NFC Measurement Software User Manual

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R&S FS-K112PC NFC Measurement Software User Manual