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USER'S MANUAL

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1. Bigger CRT Interface FM 9 i 11 12 13 14 15 17 22 22 7 Expansion Device Connection 26 7 1 FM 9 Bigger Connection 26 71 2 FD 5 amp FD 8 Floppy Disk Drives Connection 77777777777 2 7 71 3 80 External Printer Connection 31 8 Jumper Setting 32 9 Baud RateSetting 34 10 Initial Start 35 10 1 Memory Allocation and Boot Strap ROM 35 10 2 System Start 37 t1 Software Specifications 39 11 1 Operating System 39 11 2 CP M 80 System Functions 41 11 3 Device Allocation 43 11 4 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives 111 5 BIOS 45 11 6 File Format 45 11 6 1 5 25 Two Sided Double Density Diskette 77777777 46 11 6 2 8 Two Sided Double Density Diskette 46 11 7 I O Program Specifications 7777 7 7 7 77 77 77 7 7 777777 4T 11 7 1 Procedure for I O Program Calling 48 111 7 2 IPL initial P
2. 8 Now insert into Drive the Original Diskette from which you want to copy 9 Press lt CTRL gt Holding the lt CTRL gt key down while you type C 10 As sB VO and press RETURN 11 Wait till Copying Process END Note When you intend to copy specific files please refer to our CP M 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL s PIP COMMAND for detail 13 5 Procedure of Assigning External Printer Generally as per our company standard at the state of power switch the system s thermal printer being already assigned to operat Therefore you do not require to assign STAT command However when you intend to use an external printer with Centronics Standard Interface you should type following command at first When you get prompt A gt on your CRT at the beginning type following command gt 5 LST LPT RETURN A gt Note Please refer to our 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL s STAT COMMAND for detail 123 14 Application Software Packages The Formula l is a superb device for data processing at the office store laboratory etc and software development tool for process control system mechatronics mechanism electronics system and medical electronics system etc Therefore various kinds of application software packages available on the market operating on the CP M 80 works well with the Formula l For example Data B
3. 23 RDCLPM 20mA Current Loop Receive Data 24 e Send Timing Loop Send 1 Table 6 Connector Signal of RS 232 C 25 teta a N eeg TN 7 Expansion Device Connection 7 2 5 8 FD 8 Floppy Disk Drives Connection 7 1 FM 9 Bigger CRT Connection You can connect with the Formula l maximum 2 units of Expansion Disk Drives details are as follows 1 5 25 Disk Drive double density x 2 units FD 5 2 8 Disk Drive single density x 2 units FD 8 3 8 Disk Drive double density x 2 units FD 8 Our FD 5 5 25 and FD 8 8 disk drives are two units of two sided double density disk drives Therefore you can use single density 8 only well double density diskettes per your requirement For your information when using FD 5 FD 8 with Formula you do not need to set physical address The terminator has already been detached from the disk drives Because this is being set as per our company s standard peripherals to use simultaneously with Formula l However you may have to refer Table 7 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives Address gt time to time to use different diskettes due logical address drive name being assigned separately for each drives Type of Physical Logical diskette Was cu a address cd address two sided double density 5 25 two sided doub ty one sided single density on
4. CP M Vers 2 2 Formula l System BIOS Created Co Ltd 1983 A SYSTEM CP M Vers 2 2 Systemgeneration for Formula 1l Destination drivename A B C D or RETURN to reboot M e em Process complete Fig 21 SYSTEM Message PROCEDURE OF SYSTEM A NEW DISKEITE Gl In order to generate 5 5 have already FORMATTED before 1 2 3 4 Insert the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE into Drive and lock Insert FORMATTED diskette into Drive B and lock Type SYSTEM and Press RETURN When displaying prompt s gt Displaying Destination drive name A B C D or RETURN to reboot Press B 86 on new diskette which you 5 After displaying Generation Start 2 Y N Press Y for Yes Generation starts and completes automatically following message Process Complete In order to continue SYSTEM more diskettes pleas refer to Note 2 6 Press RETURN in order to reboot Note 1 Important At first you should FORMAT a new diskette then proceed for SYSTEM the same When using 8 disk drive and diskettes process of SYSTEM is not required Therefore you should not SYSTEM 8 diskettes just FORMAT and star
5. CM Compare Memory To EP ROM CP Copy EP ROM To EP ROM DP Memory Dump Display Command Menu Erase Check To EP ROM LR Linking Read From EP ROM To Memory MC Memory Change MF File EP ROM Make File Memory RD Read From EP ROM To Memory RF Read From CP M Hexa File To Memory RT Return WM Write From Memory To EP ROM Fig 22 EP ROM Command Menu P appears onthe CRT and stand by for key input The following shows an input format of each command Usually more than one parameter being required to operate each command as mentioned in the command menu Further in between a command and 1st parameter 2nd parameter and 3rd parameter it is necessary to havea or more than one space in order to operate these commands Command name lst Parameter 2nd Parameter 3rd Parameter RETURN 89 EDURE OF OPERATING COMMANDS PROCI Compare Memory This command compares the contents of the EP ROM with the contents of the designated memory If the consequence is correct OK appears and if the consequence is not correct ERROR appears The following explains an input format of the command CM A type of Don Address 2 starting lt RETURN gt 2 Command name CM 2 B 2716 2516 Intel or TI
6. 8 Printer Character Code 1 NEES HEES EE Hejes jeje oje _ di E ed E E eb aod EE SE Pee ets ei ay ee Tr APA oce 115 ee e Table 2 CRT amp Printer Character Table 22 ae ee ed od HANA a a ea Rina RENE EE l Subroutine call 11 31 115 x dl a sss ei jojo lt E Video RAM I O Map Initial State Table 23 13 Bundled Software Packages Following Bundling Software Packages available with our system unit 1 WordStar including MailMerge and SpellStar 2 CalcStar 3 InfoStar System including DataStar ReportStar and FormSort 1 WordStar The Formula l with WordStar MailMerge and SpellStar can process letters customers lists contracts manuals and immense of work with speed and proficiency WordStar is a complete wordprocessing system that makes it easy for you to type any kind of letter or document WordStar offers all the features of the most advanced electric typewriter plus many more features not found in other typewriter 2 CalcStar
7. Drive name A B C D E F G H or RETURN to reboot In this state set the diskette to record a format into the floppy disk drive and input the same disk drive s name and press RETURN key The name of the disk drives as stated above are the same as of CP M 80 and details are as follows Drive A 5 25 two sided double density Drive B 5 25 two sided double density Drive 5 25 two sided double density Drive D 5 25 two sided double density Drive E 8 one sided single density Drive F 8 one sided single density Drive G 8 two sided double density Drive H 8 two sided double density 78 After you input the name of the disk drive in use following message will appear on your CRT Formatting track address tracks 00 Track When you intend to format all the tracks of the diskette type key and press RETURN Further if you intend to format one track only then you should type the specific track number to be formatted and press RETURN key following message will appear on your CRT Formatting start Y N In order to start formatting press Y key If the process of formatting ends without any error the process complete message will appear on your CRT and gets back to initial state If you do not wish to start or intend to return to initial state press key only Further during the process of formatting if there being an error the f
8. 110 2 2230V 1A Environment Operating temperarare is from 5 C to 40 C Preservation temperature is from 10 C to 55956 But a diskette is from 10 C to 50 C Relative humidity no dewdrops is from 10 to 9090 5 Hardware Specifications 5 1 CPU Device Word Size Processing Method Commands 51 2 Memory Device Use DMA Transfer 5 3 Device Mode Functions Channels Use Interruption 2804 CPU Clock 4 MHz 8 bits byte 8 bits parallel binary 1 4 bytes command commands 158 ROM EP ROM 4 bytes RAM Dynamic RAM 64K bytes 64K bits x 8 ROM Initial Program Loader IPL amp X O Control Program RAM Main Memory of 64K bytes used for user s programmable area emory to Memory Memory to I O Z80A DMA Byte cycle steal 4 Burst Mode Data transfer between 2 Ports 1 0 or Memory Search of 8 bits data COmbination of data transfer and data search between 2 Ports l channel 2 Ports Floppy disk drive Serial I O Port Parallel I O Port M emory Break Out of Interruption Vector according to conditions DMA demand End of data transfer Matching at data searching 4 51 4 CTC Counter amp Timer Device Z80A Channels 4 Channels Channel 0 Channel 3 Clock 4 MHz at Timer Mode Mode Counter amp Timer Mode Channel 0 8 bits Programmable Timer Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Interruption Baud Rate setting of Serial I O C
9. 50 wo 7 2 IPL Initial Program Load This program is used only at the system starting to initialize the system I O controller loads the system program from the floppy diskette to the main memory When you call this program the Formula l becomes at a initial state through Software Reset Usually there is no need to use this program 11 7 3 FDC Floppy Disk Control Input Parameter 13 bytes of parameter informations are set in FENT FDC parameter setting area Output Parameter The status is set in A register Register All registers are reserved except A register Calling Method CALL FDC lt F503 H gt This program is the basic instruction to operate 5 25 8 floppy disk drives This is operating by setting controlling informations in the parameter area and calling subroutine Command Naime 1 Function Basic Command SEEKZ Seek to zero track EREAD Seek amp read data 12H EWRITE Seek amp write data Table El FDC Command Expansion OFH Command 51 Field Parameter Length Contents D7 DS 04 23 D2 DI DO 3 2 1 0 Physical unit number Selecting Side 19 gt Side 0 1 gt Side 1 Unused Selecting Disk Drive i gt 5 25 Disk Drive 1 gt 8 Disk Drive Note 1 0 gt Single density 1 gt Double density Track No 1 5 25 00H 27H 8 OOH gt 4 3 Sector No 5 25
10. Cursor addressing Note 4 Print out the contents of the screen Note 5 Print out the contents of the full line where the cursor being placed Note 5 I Table 17 ESC Sequence Disposition List 57 Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 4 5 Shift Out mode for detail you should refer to lt Table 22 CRT amp Printer Character Code Table 2 gt where you can add up various different characters for your specific uses For example Greek characters Japanese characters etc Shift In mode consist of English characters and symbols at initial state Inthis case designate cursor address according to the code of two bytes In the first byte line number being designated and in the second byte column number The next page shows the cursor addressing code In case of the ESC sequence if designated byte numbers are not minimum 2 bytes which is unacceptable to program and therefore the regular display mode does not return to main program Print out contents only from the system s thermal winter 58 T able 18 Cursor Addressin 59 Code 1 Address Character t1 7 5 PRINT System s Printer Control Address Character HEX Code Address Character HEX code Input Parameter Set the character code to print into A register ASCII code Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved Calling Method
11. 2804 is a registered trademark of Zilog Inc iv 1 General Description The Formula l all in one portable computer is developed for anyone who needs a complete business computer system at a reasonable price is miniaturized and lightened to be portable This computer is a high performance and multi purpose micro computer system consist of 2 disk drives of 5 25 two sided double density approximate recording capacity is 716K bytes after Format 5 5 CRT Keyboard Thermal Printer EP ROM Programmer as well as Serial amp Parallel I O Interface all packed in one case Further it is possible to write in amp read out EP ROMs and use for personal computing easily It is available as a powerful software development tool and a complete business computer system if a line printer 8 floppy disk drive etc are being externally connected The Formula l uses the CP M 80 Version 2 2 as an Operating System therefore the software developed by other computer systems of different architecture can keep mutual transferability as long as they are based on the CP M 80 Operating System The CPU of this computer is 2804 which enables high speed processing The memory of the Formula l being equipped with RAM 64K bytes along with Boot Strap ROM bytes RAM is 64K bits x 8 dynamic RAM and all of the 64K bytes memory spaces are used for user programmable area is 4K bytes EP ROM used only for Boot Strap At the state of Boot
12. gt 12H SC 8 gt 4 5 Byte BY Transfer data length low high Counter Note 2 6 7 DMA AD Head address of transfer data Address 1ow high Retry mode at the error Note 3 Non retry om 8 retry nen seek ere 02H 3 retry with seek zero 5 SES Bias for each commands Note 4 Selecting one or two sided diskette Side SD OOH 1 sided diskette FFH 2 sided diskette Table 12 FDC Program Parameter 52 Note 1 Double density diskette 0 in Side 0 is operating in the same method as of single density diskette If you select more than one disk drive at the same time it becomes a unit error Note 2 When using single density diskette the transfer data length is multiple of 128 bytes that is to say 128 bytes x 1 128 bytes x 2 or 128 bytes x 3 and so on for double density diskette the multiple of 256 bytes For single density if you set 129 130 some other number in between 129 bytes to 255 bytes then it is automatically being set to 256 bytes When the transfer data length exceeds the capacity of the last sector of the track the track number is renewed except for the 0 Side 0 or the last track Note 3 When you intend to retry executing expansion command usually always 02H value being designated Note 4 When values of the bias except 3 kinds shown in lt Table 11 FDC Command gt are set it bec
13. s senem s mm EE m Sue Gd sea ce or 27 Signal Ground WRITE PROTECT 29 Signal Ground 30 READ 31 Signal Ground 32 SIDE SELECT 33 Signal Ground DRIVE READY Table 1 Connector Signal of 5 25 Flo Disk Drive 14 E 6 2 8 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives FD 8 The Formula 1 can be expanded to 2 disk drives 8 of the following specification In this case remove the terminator from the expansion floppy disk drive Allocate 2 3 to physical disk drive address because system disk drive has been assigned to 0 1 The pin assignment and the signal name are on the following page Table 2 Connector Signal of 8 Floppy Disk Drive Type of Disk Drive Capacity Data Bytes Sector Sectors Track Cylinders Disk Drive Tracks Disk Drive Recording Method Recording Density Track Density Rotational Speed Data Transfer Rate Average of Access Time Average of Seek Time Seek Time Settling Time Head Load Time 8 two sided double density 997K bytes 128 bytes sector FM 256 bytes sector MFM 26 sectors track 77 cylinders disk drive 154 tracks disk drive FM MFM 3408 BPI FM 6816 BPI MFM 48 TPI 360 RPM 250K bits sec FM 500K bits sec MFM 83 mS 91 mS 3 mS 15 mS 50 mS 15 E number name number name Signal Ground 1676 BUB tes Um CHE Ee EE MEN BUB EC CUN _
14. 1 1 C 2732 D 2532 2764 Intel TI Intel 3 Hexa 4 characters P CM B 3000 COMPARE 2716 ADDRESS 3000 SET PROM ON If the lt RETURN gt SOCKET OK THEN HIT ANY KEY EP ROM is set on the socket correctly this command starts immediately after hitting any key and the consequence appears COMPARE TO 37FF OK 11 P or COMPARE TO 37FF ERROR P 90 this command the contents of the designated are copied to the other designated However you should note that only the same type of the EP ROM can be copied The following explains an input format of this command CP A Type of EP ROM lt RETURN gt 1 2 1 Command name CP 2 B C D or E P CP c lt RETURN gt COPY 2732 SET PROM ON THE SOCKET OK THEN HIT ANY KEY By pressing any key at first the contents of the EP ROM set now on the socket are read and the following message appears FAD OK COPY ET PROM ON THE SOCKET OK THFN HIT ANY KEY nw Take away the currently set EP ROM from socket set the new EP ROM and hit any key 00 Writing address OK t OFFF 00 Writing address and data After ending to write automatically the contents of the
15. 1983 i not to make any mistake otherwise you will spoil the EP ROM 5 You must make sure that head of the EP ROM is on the right A hand side as we have shown in the bellow figure Cursor 1 Then move socket lever to the right side order to lock the Up to this operation if the below error message appear You must follow below figures for inserting this means insertion of the diskette is not correct 0 reset accurately the diskette again If you still get an error then you should assume that there is something wrong with the diskette IPL error Error message a GZ Check the following points when power is not supplied even after you turn ON the power switch Slide switch UP or DOWN according to EP ROM as mentioned 1 Check AC cable connectors inserted properly into the here under system unit as well as AC outlet 2716 2516 2732 and 2532 switch UP 2 Check If exact Voltage from the AC outlet DIDA a Sa SOS SS SETS switch DOWN being supplied to the system unit 3 Check If the fuse has blown Do not repeat ON OFF operation of the power switch otherwise there is a possibility of an error Turn ON the power switch at least after 2 or 3 seconds passed if the power switch being turned OFF previously 15 2 System Reset In order to reset the 1 without using the power switc
16. PORTABLE COMPUTER Formula USER S MANUAL gt Computer System En neering v Shinei Bldg 8 5 Nishishinjuku 3 chome Shinjuku ku Tokyo 160 JAPAN Telephone 03 377 1661 Telex 2325279 MVOICE J Table of Contents 1 General Description 2 System Architecture 3 System Features 4 Physical Characteristics 5 Hardware Specifications a mee dE 51 2 Memory 5 3 DMA vu uc Roe ee Be ee eae 6 51 4 51 5 51 6 51 7 5 8 5 9 Keyboard Counter 8 Timer Floppy Disk Drive 777777777 lt lt lt lt Video Display Sse sine Eer Thermal Printer 55554448 ees EP ROM Programmer 5 10 Serial I O Ports 5 11 Parallel I O Ports 2 20 Ic 6 1 W 2 161 3 4 61 5 5 25 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives FD 5 m m 8 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives FD 8 Centronics Standard Printer Interface FP 80 m w RS 232 C Interfaces e
17. 3 Device allocation gt InfoStar System When using InfoStar System you do not require installation at all You can use any standard printer which has already been assigned to LST the output list device For detail please refer to Formula l User s Manual section lt 11 3 Device allocation gt Note You can use only system s 5 5 CRT or FM 9 with this Formula l system Since above CRTs already being installed according to bundling software packages therefore you do not require to install it again 119 31 2 Function Keys Assignment for WordStar 13 3 Option Commands for WordStar InfoStar SYSTEM We have assigned all Function Keys specially in order to make easy to use W rdStar application program without using original keys commands 1 Bold face FP 80 function AA Bold face Therefore you should follow below mentioned table to use Bold Tace otf the assigned Function Keys and commands 2 Under score 80 function AY Under score on off toggle OD OG KD KS QE D S AX 3 Italic E Italic on Q R Italic off Fl lt CTRL gt Q Quick menu 4 Character pitch F2 lt CTRL gt 0 On screen menu m lt CTRL gt OC Center text NA F4 lt gt OD Print display on off E to Opi bend face F5 lt CTRL gt OG Paragraph tab zi 1 cpi pues
18. CALL PRINT lt F509 H gt Printer is controlled by the software The user can control the printer as well as printing only when the user sets the printer code in the accumulator A register and calls this program At the time of calling this program all registers get reserved means at the time of program calling the inner conteat of all registers already being reserved and therefore not destroyed The program operates buffering of 80 characters when the characters are over 80 or the device receives the CR lt OD H gt code the printer starts printing because the printer can not print each and every character Below we provide detail information pertaining to system s thermal printer control codes BS 08H Cancel the last character before BS code This code is invalid if the position is the top of the line without any character before it 09H Move the printer s head to the TAB position of every 8 characters LF OAH Invalid FF OCH Move the printer s head to the top of the next page CR ODH Print one line of buffer content and carriage Table 18 Cursor Addressing Code 2 return with line feed SO Set the Shift Out mode Note 1 SI Set the Shift In mode Note 2 DC3 13H Set the mode semi graph c characters DC4 14H Cancel the mode semi graphic characters Initial State 60 61 3 3 i 5 7 6 KB System s Keyboard Control ES
19. F6 OP RETURN Omit page number 9 F7 PA RETURN Change page lt CTRL gt KD Files save done F9 lt CTRL gt KS Files save 4 resume HOME lt CTRL gt QE lt lt CTRL gt 5 lt CTRL gt E lt CTRL gt X the cursor to top line Moves the cursor right one character Moves the cursor left one character Moves the cursor up one line Moves the cursor down one line 99 120 121 13 4 Procedure of File Copy GOK CP M Vera 2 2 Formula l System BIOS Created By YCU Co Ltd 1983 gt i B gt C gt A PIP B sA PIP COM VO A PIP B A STAT COM VO gt A PIP A sB VO ig 25 Method of Copyin PROCEDURE COPYING NEW DISKETTE FROM ORIGINAL DISKETTE Insert the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE into Drive A and lock Insert new diskette into Drive B which has already FORMAT and SYSTEM Type B and press lt RETURN gt Press Holding the lt CTRL gt key down while you type C Type A and press RETURN Type PIP B eA PIP COM YO and press RETURN Type PIP B A STAT COM VO and press RETURN Take out the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE from Drive A Take out inserted new diskette from Drive and insert it into Drive A 122
20. Introduction to ED thoroughly 7 You will get a new file on your CRT and following appears on it 8 Press I and lt RETURN gt key Automatically you will get list number order to input your program i 9 Type your program statement from your coding sheet in order to set controlling information in the parameter area and to call subroutine I For We want to set parameters for Drive diskette track 110 side 1 sector 5 and read 48 49 10 11 12 18 14 15 16 17 At the end when you finish input of your program statement you should press lt CTRL gt Z key You will get on your In order to get disconnected from and re boot to system you should press E key and RETURN Type ASM EXAMPLE and press RETURN For detail refer to CP M 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL Now if you go back to the directory you will get your file such as 1 EXAMPLE BAK 2 EXAMPLE 4 EXAMPLE HEX etc ASM 3 EXAMPLE PRN You need to LOAD command Due previously we made file only now you have to make COM FILE in order to run your program on CP M 80 Operating System Type LOAD EXAMPLE press RETURN In the directory EXAMPLE COM will appear If you type EXAMPLE and press lt RETURN gt your program will start running automatically End
21. PD4 PD3 PD2 PDl jPDO 1 Out Data F825 Invalid F826 KBST PULS BUSY C G STA CA2 CAl ICAO K B amp Printer Status F827 Invalid F828 PD7 PD6 PDS PD4 PD3 PD2 PDI PDO Print Out Data F829 Invalid F82A BUSY PEMP SEL INIT STB Printer Status F82B Invalid F828 15 57 5 56 STS5 15154 5753 51752 515115750 LED Status F829 TRK7 TRK6 TRK5 TRK3 TRK2 TRK1 Register F82A 5 5 6 5 5 SEC4 SEC3 SEC2 SEC1 SECO Sector Register F82B DAT7 6 DATS DATS DAT3 DAT2 DAT1 DATO Register F830 SIA7 SIAG SIAS SIA4 SIA3 SIA2 SIA1 SIAO CH A Rx Data 31 STS7 5156 155 5754 5153 8 52 STS PTSO Status 832 SIB7 S B6 5185 5 4 5183 S B2 SIB1 SIBO CH B Rx Data F833 5157 886 STSS TS4 5 53 STS2 STS1 STSO CH B Status Table 21 User s Device 1 0 Map 1 111 222221 el p Te eere ers pur rs a um re Programmer F835 s aa Invalid s Te mE iia jen sm m enr M na Invalid Y _ oeu 8 worm SIDE m DRV2 DRVI DRVO Drive Register Table 21 User s Device 1 0 2 EP ROM Data Floppy Disk 1 0 2804 PIO 112 HD46505S F805 CRT7 CRT6 5 CRT4 CRT2 CRT1 CRTO CRTC Command Interrupt F814 Counter Timer Z80ACTC Thermal Printer
22. Paper Cutter Pinch Roller Paper Stand N Now adjust the paper properly and push the lever towards C as directed on the system unit in order to lock So the roll paper is fixed setting is over Then push FEED key and confirm whether the roll paper being fed properly Fig 30 Upper View of Paper Stan 132 133 OR EE E nting Side Thermal Roll Paper Roll Shaft Paper Stand i Roll Paper Handlin PODIUM SALON
23. Z80A PIO Parallel 1 0 2804 PIO F822 F826 F82A Ta Interrupt Flag Reset Boot Strap ROM Disable E EE ee oso oe ao pos pw oc aus aor ono DEE 823 af ra mo no lt EI STA caz og Printer Command Command e ep Go Wr oe De ble 21 2 User s Device 1 0 113 Ignore Data Bit Ignore Data Bit Channel 0 Command User 510 Baud Rate Clock SIO CH B Baud Rate Clock Channel 3 Printer Command 3 F829 cmne cns om orm aro Pert A Command onc ons osos om oon roca Gom UM ei Output Remarks mun a e 7 puri Direct set Floppy Disk F829 TRK3 TRK2 TRKO Track Register Controller o s sa sss t ws selo BEER cr so rr jn pns non oT F833 CMD7 cen cups o CMDO CH B Command ono oe i oe m oe om ra Slee na fr dbs ea ca S ee Buzzer 4 etc F83D cup emne 5 CMD3 2 CMD1 Command tok onl oon fo oo oe oe oe eo pa fs conn Table 21 User s Device I O Map 4 MB8876 EP ROM Programmer 2804 PIO Floppy Disk I O Z80A PIO 114
24. 1983 gt T Cursor 38 11 Software Specifications Operating System Formula l uses the 80 Version 2 2 which is evaluated as the standard Operating System of 8 bits micro computer in the world This Operating System can operate application programs and process data without difficulty because of its superior multi purposed feature and excellent operating ability For this reason even the software developed for other computer systems of different architecture can keep mutual transferability as long as they are based on the CP M 80 Operating System Therefore old libraries as well as know hows already filed in can be used easily See the CP M 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL for details of the CP M 80 commands The Formula l can use various kinds of application software packages the CP M 80 basis available on the market The CP M 80 is a standard Disk Operating System for the micro computer The CP M 80 system is composed of CCP to process a command BDOS to manage access of the file BIOS to control the I O device which a user uses and TPA of the memory area in which a user s program is allocated The CP M 80 system is a FDOS in which the sequential processing is main Which reads out the file and executes when a command being input by the console and it corresponds to a program name Using the CP M 80 System Functions along with a user s program a user can easily actualize the d
25. 2 3 pins Table 8 Jumper Setting 33 You can also set jumpers as per your specific use However in each jumper you need to set s 9 Baud Rate Setting DO Initial Start The Baud Rate of Serial I O Ports can be set for each Memory Allocation and Boot Strap ROM Channel A and Channel B independently Baud Rate is formed by using Channel 1 for Channel A and Channel 2 for Channel B of this computer s 2804 CTC The Baud Rate is set by the DIP Switch on the rear side When you intend to change the Baud Rate never fail to do System Reset otherwise the changed Baud Rate can not be set 3 1 Baud Rate Selection Clock Rate Selection Channel A Channel B DIP Switch mnsa ane or or or er ee or er wr or e pes fo ore om os m prios pror se oer ont ont oriorrbs es or 600 ON OFF 1200 on on 2400 OFF OFF ON ION OFF Asynchronous Start Stop Synchronous Synchronous ON OFF ON OFF 9600 oFF on oFF ON OFF 19200 OFF oFF on e orf onfos om Table 9 Baud Rate Settin 34 The following shows the memory allocation of the Formula l 4K bytes IPL 4 S
26. Drive Drive 2 Drive D Drive 3 Drive E Drive 2 Drive F Drive 3 Drive G Drive 2 Drive 3 Note Drive and Drive are mounted on system unit 44 i 45 111 6 1 5 25 Two Sided Double Density Diskette 1 11 6 2 8 Format of Diskette Cylinder 40 cylinders diskette Track 80 tracks diskette Sector 18 sectors track Byte 128 bytes sector only track 0 side 0 256 bytes sector except the above Format of the CP M 80 s File Track 0 side 0 4 side 1 and Track 1 side 0 System Track Track 80 tracks diskette side 0 even number tracks side 1 odd number tracks Sector 36 sectors track 128 bytes sector Disk Capacity 346 5 bytes except the system track Two Sided Double Density Diskette Format of Diskette Cylinder 77 cylinders diskette Track 154 tracks diskette Sector 26 sectors track Byte 128 bytes sector only track 0 side 0 256 bytes sector except the above Format of the CP M 80 s File System Track Track 0 side 0 amp side 1 Track 154 tracks diskette side 0 even number tracks side 1 odd number tracks Sector 52 sectors track 128 bytes sector Disk Capacity 988 bytes except the system track 46 11 7 Specifications Each I O control program is allocated to memory address F500 H 51 bytes after F500 H is the jump table for I O control program it is easy to
27. and saves the contents of the memory The following explains an input format of the command MM Dv Name File Name Start Adre End aye lt RETURN gt 2 3 1 Command name MM 2 Drive name A H If you omit or forget to input the drive name then automatically the drive s name currently in use get selected File name English figures and codes Maximum of 8 figures file type will be fixed to HEX P MM TEST 3000 4000 lt RETURN gt MAKE FILE TEST DRIVE A FROM 3000 TO 4000 FILE TYPE IS HEX ALL INFORMATION OK IF NO GOOD THEN HIT N KEY If the contents displayed on your CRT are correct then hit any key except N key in order to make the file 96 10 11 572 Read From Memory This command simultaneously reads the contents of the EP ROM and loads it into the designated memory address The input format of this command 15 as follows 1 1 Command name RD RD Pes Address RETURN 3 2 B C Dor E 3 Hexa 4 characters P RD B 5000 RETURN READ 2716 ADDRESS 5000 SET PROM ON THE SOCKET OK THEN HIT ANY KEY If the EP ROM is set correctly hit any key in order to start and complete this process DATA IS STORED FROM 5000 TO 57FF P RF Read From CP M Mexa File To Memory This command reads the contents of the HEX COM file of the CP M 80 and loads it to
28. de WEN 8 srca SESE 2 s ee Nun Signal Ground HEAD LOAD Signal Ground INDEXPULSE Loses om a N Lo eee Signal Ground 36 STEP WRITE DATA Signal Ground 38 39 Signal Ground Ap WRITE A Signal Ground 42 TRACK 00 Signal Ground EN Table 2 Connector Signal of 8 Flo Disk Drive 16 6 3 Centronics Standard Printer Interface 80 In a standard specification of the Formula l Parallel I O Port can be connected with the Centronics Standard Interface Printer directly As pin assignment of the Parallel I O connector has no full compatibility to the Centronics Standard Printer Specification for details refer to lt Table 4 Cable Connection for External Printer The logic of Parallel I O Ports are shown in the following page Fig 4 Logic of Parallel I O Ports gt Besides the other signals the Parallel I O Ports possess the signals of DMAREQ The explanation of these signals are as follows 1 DMAREQ DMA REQuest Input This signal is active Low and available when using Parallel I O for DMA transfer Using this signal it is necessary to set up the parameter in DMA controller This signal is connected to the RDY terminal of DMA controller COUNT DMA
29. errors Parity Over Run Framing End of Frame 11 5 11 Parallel 1 Ports Device Port Handshake Line Interface DMA Interruption ZBOA 0 Byte output mode Byte input mode Byte bi directional mode only Port A Bit mode 8 bits x 2 ports Port A Port B 2 lines each port Ready Strobe TTL level Using Centronics Standard Interface as our standard The DMA transfer requests Break Out by the in coming DMAREQ signal from outside the system unit Therefore it is possible to input to CPU DMA transfer requests by specific program Break Out of Interruption Vector by the following conditions are only possible with specific program Receiving strobe signal from the external devices at the byte output mode Receiving strobe signal from the external devices at the byte input mode Receiving strobe signal for input or output from the external devices at the byte bi directional mode When the conditions are true at the state of bit mode 12 16 Expansion Interface Specifications Formula l s Expansion Interface Specifications are as follows 5 25 floppy disk drives 5 8 floppy disk drives FD 8 Centronics Standard Interface Printer FP 80 RS 232 C Serial Interface 20mA Current Loop Serial Interface Bigger CRT which is driven by composite video signal FM 9 using connectors on the rear side expansion devices ca
30. interval Non interlace mode Video RAM method I O map 2K bytes static RAM 2 bytes EP ROM ASCII TTL level active logic separate type Video Signal Horizontal Synchronous Signal Vertical Synchronous Signal Composite video signal for bigger CRT 1 5V Video 1 0 23 dB 16 MHz 60 Hz free run oscillator 15 77 KHz free run oscillator 51 7 Thermal Printer Method Characters Format Line Spacing Direction Character Generator Character Code Printing Width Paper 5 8 EP ROM Programmer EP ROM Programming Pulse Selection of EP ROM Thermal 80 columns lines maximum English Figures Small Letters of English Marks Total 96 Reserved capacity 64 Semi graphic patterns Total 96 5x 7 dot matrix character mode 7 x 7 dot matrix semi graphic mode 4 5 mm From left to right 2K bytes EP ROM ASCII 103 mm 127 W x 65 Dia mm roll paper No TP 50CA127 by Jujo Seishi 2716 Intel 2516 TI 2732 Intel 2532 2764 Intel However programming voltage for 271612516 2732 is 25V and 2764 is 21V 50 mS Hardware Timer Programmable When using EP ROM you should adjust the slide switch on the right of EP ROM Socket UP or DOWN according to specific EP ROM you intend to use 2716 2516 2732 amp 2532 switch UP 2764 switch Dr 51 9 Arrangement Code Shift Mod
31. written EP ROM is compared with the contents of the memory and the consequence appears DP Memorv Dumn 91 DP 1 1 2 3 P DP 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 4 DT Start Address End address 2 3 Command name DP Hexa 4 characters Hexa 4 characters 3000 3050 lt RETURN gt Co C5 CD Display Command Menu This command display RI ETURN The input format of this command are as follows DT lt RETURN gt lt No Parameter gt 1 1 Command DT HG 2716 2732 D 2532 F 2764 Command Menu Compare Memory To CP Copy EP ROM To EP ROM DP Memory Dump Display Command Menu Erase Check EP ROM Linking Read From EP ROM To Memory MC Memory Change Make CP M Hexa File EP ROM MM se Make CP M Hexa File Memory RD s Read From EP ROM To Memory daat enn N M Vila Momorv 92 EP ROM command menu on your CRT bs EC Erase Check To EP ROM This command checks whether the contents of the EP ROM has been erased or not The following explains an input format of the command EC EP ROM Type RETURN 1 2 1 Command name 2 P EC D RETURN E
32. 0A SIO chip s manual and I O Map thoroughly as well as initialize Serial I O again We can set Baud Rate clock in two ways 1 By using Baud Rate Selection Switches The Baud Rate clock usually being formed and set in Z80A CTC by setting corresponding values according to lt Table 9 Baud Rate Setting gt with the help of Baud Rate Selection Switches in the DIP Switch which is at the rear side of Formula l 2 By using Clock Rate Selection Switches In this procedure you can directly set corresponding Baud Rate values into Z80A CTC by changing the position of x and 16 Clock Rate Selection Switches according to Table 20 CTC Setting List in the DIP Switch In order to set Baud Rate value CTC Setting List as follows Z80A CTC Baud Rate Setting Note The clock input frequency to CTC is the next 1 x 1 153 6 KHz 2 x 16 1 2288 MHz Table 20 CTC Setting List 4804 has 4 channels from which 2 channels of those are allocated for forming the Baud Rate clock for the Serial I O Channel 1 is used for forming the Baud Rate stock of Channel A of the Serial I O and Channel 2 is used for forming the Baud Rate clock of Channel Bi of the Serial 1 0 282 SIO has W RDYA and W RDYB pins which are connected with RDY DMA request pin of 2804 DMA of the Formula l Therefore it is possible to transfer by setting the parameters in the 2804 SIO as
33. 1 00 RETURN Address increment 4002 00 RETURN 4003 00 RETURN 4002 00 lt RETURN Address decrement 4001 00 RETURN 4000 55 RETURN Return command When you press RETURN key only this command will display the next forward address However if you press key and then press RETURN key This command will display the preceding address MF Make CP M Hexa File EP ROM This command makes the CP M H a File by a format of lt File Name HEX gt and saves of the EP ROM And before executing this program it is necessary to execute RD commands Input format ofthe commands is as follows MF 1 1 2 Drive Name 2 Command name File Name lt RETURN gt you omit forget to input the drive name then automatically the drive s name currently in use get selected Drive name File name English figures and codes Maximum of 8 figures file type will be fixed to HEX 95 B TEST RETURN MAKE FILE TEST DRIVE FROM 3000 4000 FILE TYPE IS HEX ALL INFORMATION OK IFNO GOOD THEN HIT N If the contents displayed your CRT are correct then hit any key except N key in order to make the file P MM Make File CP M Hexa File Memory This command makes the CP M Hexa File by a format of lt File Name HEX gt
34. 214 General Specifications of 280 Family Chips You can use the Formula l s 2804 family chips according to your specific requirement also Therefore you should read I O Map and The Specifications of Z80A Family Chips in order to use them for your specific purposes Serial 1 0 Z80A 510 Parallel I O Z80A PIO Counter 4 Timer 280 DMA Z80A DMA In order to use the above devices at first you must initialize the chips I O device address of the Formula l is composed of 16 bits and we have arranged the V RAM of CRT in the I O area such a way that you can use all 64K bytes memory area as your program area Further in this when accessing I O device the instructions of IN and OUT are limited to the following data Input Output instructions Data input instruction IN A C BC register Device address Data output instruction OUT C A BC register Device address 12 1 1 Serial 1 0 Z80A SIO As per our standard we have set the parameters in asynchronous mode for both Channel A and Channel B Mode Asynchronous Start Stop Synchronous Interrupt Disable Character Bit Length 8 bits character Parity Even number parity Stop Bit Length 2 stop bit Clock Rate x 16 As per our standard we are using control signals RD and SD only Remarks 106 t Please note if you intend to use any other mode Kindly see the item No lt 6 4 RS 232 C Interface gt and Serial I O 28
35. 280A CONTROLLER e Bigger Z80A CTC i CONTROLLER FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER 80 COLUMNS S THERMAL PRINTER PRINTER CONTROLLER PROM PROGRAMMER CONTROLLER SERIAL I O CONTROLLER RS 232 C OR CURRENT LOOP CHANNEL B 2716 2516 2732 2532 2764 8 FDD 1 or 2 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives Diagram 31System Features 1 The Z80A CPU operating at 4 MHz being used in the Formula l 2 The main memory consist of 64K bits x 8 dynamic RAM and the memory capacity for the user s programmable area being 64K bytes 3 This system is very reliable due we are using many kinds of LSI and multi layered PCB 4 As a result of using DMA the data transfer is in high speed and the burden of the software being decreased 5 The system s CRT has semi graphic function 6 Loaded with EP ROM Programmer enables you to write in and read out 4 kinds of EP ROMs 2716 2516 2732 2532 and 2764 on the CP M 80 basis 7 the necessary devices are packed in one case miniaturized and lightened to be portable sufficient for data processing purposes 8 The CP M 80 is used an Operating System of the Formula l 9 Various kinds of application software packages are available on the CP M 80 basis 4 Physical Characteristics Dimensions 424 W x 555 D x 212 H mm Weight 15 kgs Power Supply 1107 107 50 6042 AC230V 10Z 50 60 2 Power Consumption Maximum 200W Fuse
36. C 1 Operate undermentioned operations 1 7 6 Sy y ESC 46H Ignore the characters over 80 laput Parameter Not exist columns line Output Parameter The pressed key s code being set in A register lt ESC gt t 47H Print those characters in the next line which exceeds 80 columns line Initial State Register All registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register ESC t V 56H Print the characters at a interval of Calling Method CALL KB lt F50C H gt one line By calling this program after keeping key code s into Accumulator A register and returns back to main program registers except A register being reserved lt ESC gt W 57H Print the characters without interval Initial State DEL Invalid At the time of calling BDOS Function the key codes of Function Keys Cursor Control Keys and Numeric Keys get changed For Function Keys maximum 8 bytes and for Cursor Control Keys including Numeric Keys maximum 2 bytes get changed inside the Note 1 Shift Out mode for detail you should refer to BIOS lt Table 22 CRT amp Printer Character Code Table 2 gt where you can add up various different characters for ifi When you call this program directly the original key codes your specific uses lt Table 19 Keyboard Code gt of Function Keys Cursor Control Keys and Numeric Keys do not change insid
37. CP M 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL for detail of the above commands b Details for the commands with sign available In this 2 manual 8 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 40 Disk System Reset Drive Selection File Creation File Open File Close Directory Search File Delete File Rename Random or Sequential Read Random or Sequential Write 41 are 11 12 13 14 Interrogate Available Disks Interrogate Selected Disk Set DMA Address Set Reset File Indicators uM CP M 80 functions and their numbers are listed below 0 System Reset 19 1 Console Input 20 2 Console Output 21 3 Reader Input 22 4 Punch Output 23 5 List output 24 6 Direct Console 0 25 7 Get Byte 26 8 Set I O Byte 27 9 Print String 28 10 Read Console Buffer 29 11 Get Console Status 30 12 Return Version Number 31 13 Reset Disk System 32 14 Select Disk 33 15 Open File 34 16 Close File 35 17 Search for First 36 8 Search for Next 37 Note Delete File Read Sequential Write Sequential Make File Rename File Return Login Vector Return Current Disk Set DMA Address Get Addr Alloc Write Protect Disk Get R O Vector Set File Attributes Get Addr Disk Parms Set Get User Code Read Random Write Random Compute File Size Set Random Record Reset Drive Write Random with Zero Fill Functions 28 and 32 should be avoided in application programs to maintain upward compatibility with CP M 80 F
38. RASE CK 2532 D or Then if the So the consequence ERASED P or NOT ERASED 11 P P ROM is set correctly result appears SET PROM ON THE SOCKET OK THEN HIT ANY KEY hit any key 93 LR Linking Read from Memory 7 By this command the contents of the are read in order and stored in the memory Before execution of the command it is necessary to execute RD command The input format of this command is as follows LR EP ROM Type RETURN 1 2 1 Command name LR 2 3B C Dor E P LR B RETURN READ 2716 ADDRESS 3800 SET PROM ON THE SOCKET OK THEN HIT ANY KEY After you have set the EP ROM correctly hit any key So the contents of the EP ROM are loaded to next address of the previous contents read before DATA IS STORED FROM 3800 TO P LR RETURN READ 2716 8 ADDRESS 4000 SET PROM ON THE SOCK THEN HIT ANY KEY 94 MC Memory Change This command being used when changing the contents of the memory The following explains an input format of the command MC Memory Address RETURN 1 2 1 Command name MC 2 Hexa 4 characters P MC 4000 RETURN 4000 00 55 RETURN 55 A changing data 400
39. RT CR Control Set the character code to display into Input Parameter A register ASCII code Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved Calling Method CALL CRT lt F506 H gt This is the program to make same function as the extend CRT By setting a character code to display into A register and calling this program you can display character on the CRT In case of using this program display speed of serial transferring rate is about 19200 BPS Direct access is necessary to V RAM in case you require fast display speed See Table 23 Video RAM I O Map about the V RAM address Moreover in case of direct access to V RAM it is necessary to initialize the address pointer of V RAM In this case call lt F530 H gt So V RAM address pointer is initialized and the screen is cleared Below we provide detail information pertaining to system s CRT control codes BEL 07H Beep the alarm BS 08H Move the cursor one character to the left side This control code is invalid if the cursor is on the first position extreme left of top of the line HT 09H Move the cursor to the TAB position of every 8 characters LF OAH Operate the line feed FF OCH Clear all the screen and move the cursor to first column of the first line CR ODH Move the cursor to the top of the line SO OEH Set the Shift Out mode Note 1 SI OFH Set t
40. Sign Code Sign Code Sign Code HEX HEX HEX HEX EEN o op 8E 8F NUR UR HT 09 HTAB 9 57 LOCK LOCK LOCK LOCK Table 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock On 3 72 Unshift Shim Control Shift amp Control m ELI Code Sign Code Sign Code HEX HE Tos CHEK DAS px qw le m Ble n NEN IR um EE ON MEE E s F8 Table 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock dde gt 11 7 8 LPRINT Centronics Standard Printer Control Input Parameter Set the character code to print into A register ASCII code Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved Calling Method CALL LPRINT lt F512 H gt This is program to control a external printer with Centronics Standard Printer s Interface connected to Parallel I O Ports For detail refer to the specifications of the connected printer pertaining to it s Function codes Be careful not to call this program without a external printer otherwise this program cannot return to the 80 11 7 9 UCRT RS 232 Cchannel B Da
41. Strap the system program will be loaded from the 5 25 floppy diskette into the main memory The user can access directly due to the 1 0 control program which has been allocated in the fixed area Expansion floppy disk drive can be expanded to 2 units either by 5 25 or by disk drives These devices can be used as an external memory with a maximum capacity of 2M bytes by connecting two 8 floppy disk drives of two sided double density The EP ROM Programmeron the Formula l can be operated in conversational style with CRT and keyboard You can write in and read out 4 kinds of EP ROMs which are as follows 2716 Intel 2516 TI 2732 Intel 2532 TI and 2764 Intel Besides the 2 Serial I O Ports of RS 232 C 2 Parallel I O Ports of 8 bits Bigger CRT Interface are equipped in standard RS 232 C can use either Synchronous or Asynchronous mode Start Stop Synchronous In standard both ports are Start Stop Synchronous mode The Parallel I O Ports are programmable and can designate I O by bit unit according to the program Usually this port is used for an external printer Yor ean only connect directly external printer with Centronics Stand Interface You can also connect an external bigger CRT whic being driven by composite video signal 1 2 System Architecture Following shows the block diagram of the Formula l 2804 BOOT STRAP MEMORY 64 K B mu KEY BOARD
42. TURN Press RETURN You will get following message on your CRT FUNCTION COMPLETI E This means process of writing to the destination diskette being completed If you input wrong drive name an error message will appear on your CRT not implement drive name In order to proceed further you should go back to item 4 83 O 13 In order to reboot You should get the following message on your CRT SOURCI Now E DRIVE NAME OR RETURN TO SKIP ress RETURN Displaying following DESTINATION DRIVE NAME OR RETURN TO REBOOT Press Note 1 Note 2 RETURN to reboot You will get prompt A Important At first you should FORMAT a new diskette then proceed for FSYSGEN the same When using 8 disk drives and diskettes the process of FSYSGEN is not required Therefore you should FSYSGEN 8 diskettes just FORMAT and start using them according to your choice If you intend to continue FSYSGEN more diskette just unlock Drive B and insert again a new previously formatted diskette amp lock and follow our instruction from 4 84 A 2 11 8 3 SYSTEM Command for system generation The object of SYSTEM is to generate BDOS BIOS into the system tracks of the destination disk drive diskette While executing this SYSTEM command program you should note that
43. The Formula 1 with CalcStar is high productive business tool designed to save your time and money Thereby advanced statistical analysis business forecasting account payable depreciation schedules payroll all made easy and accurate CalcStar is MicroPro s powerful electronic spread sheet a sophisticated yet easy to use calculating and business planning tool specially for quality work 3 InfoStar System InfoStar System with the Formula l most users friendly and efficient companion for Data Base Management InfoStar System is the latest addition to the MicroPro line of software It s much more than just addition though quite an enhancer to your library or software InfoStar System is easy to learn for the beginner yet carries the power that professionals need 118 Installation of Bundled Software Packages WordStar According to our company standard we have already installed WordStar in order to use immediately along with system Formula l and Formula FP 80 printer If you intend to use some other maker s printers please refer to WordStar Installation Manual along with your printer s specification manual for detail CalcStar When using CalcStar you do not require installation at all You can use any standard printer which has already been assigned to LST the output list device For detail please refer to Formula 1 User s Manual section lt 11
44. amp 6 Connector Signal of RS 232 C CH A CH B gt 61 5 Bigger CRT Interface FM 9 Composite Video Signal Interface is equipped in standard If you want to use bigger CRT you can connect composite video monitor to the rear side connector 22 4 RS 232 C CH A RxDA E 2 ee 4150 12V RS i r ee el 20 ER 15150 pr RS 232 C CH ey 15 5 2 12V 201 ST 1 vp ________ 20 gg mu 415150 s DCDB _ RxDB 7 5 5154 3 5 1 PC507 51 55 2 10 LS04 151588 4 CHANNEL A tsve f 23 RDCLPM BAUD RATE 2 100 45V End 1 4 29297 1000 11 CHANNEL B 15 2212 5 ips po 151588 06 2200 1000 25 SDCLPM 25 372 6 Logic of I Ports 23 Pin Signal Remarks Number Name 5 232 Send RS 232 C Receive Data Request to Send Clear to Send SG Signal Ground Carrier Detect 57 CI 7 ETEN 24 511 Table 5 Connector Signal of RS 232 C CH A Send Timing 24 Signal Remarks Number Name Lm pee me mw RS 232 C Receive Data epe eene KAREE O 12 SDCLPP 20mA Current Loop Send Data SC Send Timing From Da j S
45. ase Management Systems Financial Accounting Packages Languages amp Applications Tools Numerical Problem Solving Tools etc Details are specified in the software manuals Summary l System Tools 1 Assembler Debugger Linker etc DISILOC DISTEL MAC M ACRO 80 PLINK II RAID SID 280 Development Package 280 Development Package 4 ZDT 280 TDL Package EDIT t PASM t PLINK t BUG uBUG ZDT ZMAC 280 5 ZSID 2 System Tools 2 Editors EDIT 80 MINCE PMATE WORDMASTER 124 N System Tools 3 System Utilities DESPOOL FILETRAN IBM CPM ISIS CPM CID S RT11 CPM CRX S RECLAIM ZAP 80 Cross Assemblers Compilers XASM OS XASM 09 XASM 18 XASM 48 XASM 51 XASM 65 XASM 68 XASM F8 XASM Z8 XS 8000 Languages ALGOL 60 APL V80 BASIC 80 Interpreter BASIC COMPILER baZic BDS Compiler CBASIC 2 CIS COBOL Standard COBOL 80 FORTRAN 80 JRT PASCAL K BASIC muLISP NEVADA COBOL PASCAL M PASCAL MT t with Speed Programming Package PASCAL Z PL 1 80 Rgy FORTH F80 Rgy FORTH FZ80 SBASIC STIFF UPPER LISP Timin FORTH tiny C tiny C II WHITESMITH S C COMPILER ZIL Compiler ZIL Interpreter 125 Language 4 Applications Tools BASIC UTILITY DISK for BASIC 80 FABS I FABS FORMS 2 for CIS COBOL MAG sam3 for CBASIC 2 OR BASIC 80 MAG sam4 for CBASIC 2 MAG sort M SORT for COBOL 80 PSORT STRING 80 for Microsoft languag
46. ata transfer with I O device the management of the data file in the floppy disk drive etc For detail memory allocation to use with the CP M 80 Operating System see the item No lt 10 1Memory Allocation and Boot Strap ROM gt There are two kinds of commands in the 80 One is built in command and the other is a transient command The transient command being loaded into the memory from the diskette 39 following is built in commands of the 80 3 8 11 2 CP M 80 System Functions The CP M 80 has 39 kinds of system functions The user can set necessary parameters in the register or in the buffer So inside the BDOS the job One is for the I O and calls the BDOS of the CP M 80 DIR List file names in the directory REN Rename the specified file 52 2 2 Save memory contents in the contents of file the logged disk Following are the I O Device Operation 1 Reada Console Character The following is transient commands of the CP M 80 i Nate a Console Character STAT 3 Read Sequential Tape Character IAS 4 Write a Sequential Tape Character e 5 Write a List Device Character vee 6 Get or Set I O Status ar 7 Print Console Buffer SUB 8 Read Console Buffer FORMARI 9 Interrogate Console Ready SYSTEM PROMW FUNC k The FDOS operations that perform disk I O Please refer to our
47. cifications of 2804 Family Chips 106 12 1 1 Serial I O 2804 SIO 106 12 1 2 Parallel I O Z80A PIO 108 12 1 3 Counter amp Timer 280 CTC 108 12 1 4 Direct Memory Access Z80A DMA 109 12 1 5 Interrupt 109 12 2 I O 110 111 Bundled Software Packages 118 13 1 Installation of Bundled Software Packages 119 13 2 Function Keys Assignment for WordStar 7777777777777 120 13 3 Option Commands for WordStar amp InfoStar SYSTEM 121 13 4 Procedure of File Copy 122 13 5 Procedure of Assigning External Printer 123 Application Software Packages 124 128 15 1 Power ON Setting 129 15 2 System Reset 130 15 3 Programmer Socket 131 15 4 Procedure of Changing Roll Paper 132 Note 15 a registered trademark of Digital Research WordStar CalcStar and InfoStar are registered trademarks of MicroPro Other program name system name etc are their original trademarks of the each company
48. ck N Key roll over Character Generator 2K bytes EP ROM Switches Momentary amp Alternate Mechanical contact Chattering Less than 5 mS Key Top Step sculpture type Letters With legend double shot molding Numbers of Key 91 keys The Keyboard layout is on the following page 9 ea ro gt kend sel a fee fe Jes eo 10 Fig 2 Keyboard Layout There is no output of key code if you hit this Key 1 2 1 The system is reset by means of hitting this key with CTRL key 2 The FEED key forward the roll paper of the printer 5 10 Serial 1 0 Ports Device Channels Baud Rate Clock Baud Rate Interface DMA Interruption Z80A SIO Asynchronous Start Stop Synchronous Synchronous HDLC SDLC 2 Channels Channel A Channel B CTC Programmable Asynchronous mode 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 BPS Synchronous mode 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 BPS Set by DIP Switches each channel independently Channel A 5 232 Channel B RS 232 C or 20mA Current Loop W hen Transmitting Receiving buffer is at state of readiness It is possible to input to CPU DMA transfer request by specific program Break Out of Interrustion Vector by the following conditions are only possible with specific program Transmitting buffer is empty Receiving character is valid Change of status Break out
49. ck automatically being done by this command and thereafter consequence result appears You should note that the erase check has not been done at this time of writing If error occurs in the process of writing this command rewrites again automatically In order to stop writing on the way press 5 key to finish writing press key and at this state the process compare check does not take place In order to continue writing again press Y key The writing address and the related data will always appear on your CRT at time of writing The input format of this command are as follows 98 wM EP ROM Start Address lt RETURN gt 1 2 3 1 Command name WM 2 C Dor E 3 Hexa 4 characters P WM B 3000 RETURN WRITE 2716 ADDRESS 3000 SET PROM THE SOCKET THEN HIT ANY KEY If the EP ROM is set correctly hit any key in order to start this process and you will get following message on your CRT 07 00 Writing address amp data DATA IS WRITTEN TO 37FF OK t P or 00 Writing address amp data DATA IS WRITTEN TO 37FF ERROR 11 P Now if you get above error message on your CRT then you should replace the EP ROM with the new one and try again from the beginning 99 11 8 5 Command for function a numeric keys This command can change the code of Function Keys Numeric Keys and Cursor Contro
50. control I O device of the Formula l by calling subroutine The following shows the structure of jump table and is stored in the Boot Strap ROM Contents Item Program Name System I O Initialize IPL Initial Program Load System Floppy Disk Control Expansion Floppy Disk Control ele Sime Gromit 5 m Sen tana as RRE Control Parallel I O Port Eus RS 232 C RS 232 C Channel B Data Output B Data RS 232 C Channel B Data Output SECHER ag Chane Tp rsm USIQQUT 6 232 Channel A Data Output RS 232 C Channel A RS 232 C Channel A Data Output 12 F521H LPRNSTS Centronics Standard Printer Status Check 13 F524H UCRTSTS RS 232 C Channel B Output Status Check F527H UKBSTS RS 232 C Chaaael B Input Status Check USIOISTS RS 232 C Channel A Input Status Check USIOOSTS RS 232 C Channel A Output Status Check 17 FS30H CRTINIT System s CRT Initialize Table 10 2 Jump Table 47 N i 11 7 1 Procedure for UO Program Calling is the example have presented order to show how to call subroutine program in order to control 1 0 devices Program start This program has been written in assembler language ri t therefore one should know assembler language programming very START Parameter se well before going into hand on pract
51. e Control ode Function K eys Numeric Keys f Full Keys Conformed to ASCII format Numeric Keys Function Keys ASCII Code Shift code of Full Keys being output by holding lt SHIFT gt key down and press Data Keys at the same time Control code O1 H 1A H being output by holding lt CTRL gt key down and press Data Keys at the same time Fl F2 F5 F6 F F8 F9 These key codes are assigned 8 bytes by FUNC command of System Utility Program HOME BER These cursor control key codes assigned 2 bytes by FUNC command of System Utility Program At the first time these key codes are initialized as follows HOME lt ESC gt H lt ESC gt lt ESC gt 0 lt ESC gt A lt ESC gt These keys programmed as Function Keys if you do not intend to use for numeric entry The codes are assigned 2 bytes by FUNC command of System Utility Program 8 Special Keys RESET System Reset key The system is set at initial state by holding lt CTRL gt key down and press lt RESET gt key at the same time FEED Roll Paper Feed Key Roll paper is fed by hitting this key CAP LOCK Capstan Lock Key By locking this key alphabet is changed from lower case to upper case SHIFT LOCK Shift Lock Key By locking this key full keys are changed to shift mode Scanning Method Hardware Scanning Inter Lo
52. e sided single density Fig 7 FM 9 Bigger two sided double density two sided double density Table 7 Expansion Flo Disk Drives Address Connector Z Power Fig 8 FM 9 Cable Connection 26 27 Disk Drive In Use Gray Color Connector Fi Note 1 Be Ee UM mm Black Color Connector ofl NAC Power Fig 10 FD 5 Cable Connection 28 Connector Diskette Lock Lever Disk Drive In Use Indicator Gray Color AC Power S WI Note 1 Black Color Connector 42 12 gt FD 8 Cable Connection 29 gt Note 1 FD 5 and FD 8 disk drives flat cable connector s marks 71 3 80 External Printer Connection indicates to insert by matching with appropriate marks of the connecting sockets Note 2 Be careful not to use FD 5 and FD 8 together in the same time Roller Knob Due there being no exhaust fan in the disk drives FD 5 FD 8 therefore to refrain from over heating you should put it OFF when not using Do not put anything paper books heavy manuals diskettes etc the drives in order to have proper ventilation Fig 13 FP 80 External Printer Parallel I O NAC Power Fig 14 FP 80 Cable Connection 30 31 181 Setting This computer has
53. e the BIOS and proceed inside the Accumulator A register and returns back to main program For example Greek characters Japanese characters etc Symbols at initial state i i Note 2 Shift In mode consist of English characters 1 t1 7 7 KBSTS System s Keyboard Status Check Input Parameter Not exist Output Parameter Without data gt A register 00 Z Flag 1 With data gt A register FF H Z Flag 0 Register registers are reserved except A register Flag register i H i i Calling Method CALL KBSTS lt FS50F H gt 62 i 63 40 220 YOoT uei3sde 6T ied se sAdy 614 65 4 y 1101 2943 Ady 0443 SUL Ze T ex Putt sue u 39591 st weqsAs SUL 5743 374 ou st 2 s 14185 64 Unshift Shift Mode Unshift Shift Control Shift amp Control BACK Table 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock Off 1 Table 19 Kevboard Code Capstan Lock Off 2 66 j 67 Unshift shige Control Shift amp Shif
54. e will appear on your CRT If you intend to write into your diskette Drive A then press Y key normal end the following message appears Disk Write Complete 11 And system automatically returns back to initial state of Disk Write Ok Y N 2 CP M 80 return When you want to get out of this command and return to the CP M 80 press lt CTRL gt key 104 Errors 1 Parameter Error If you input any key other than Function Keys Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys as well as H D keys you will get Parameter Error 1 2 Input Parameter Error 1 Input characters number is over This means if you input more than 8 bytes for Function Keys and more than 2 bytes for Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys then you will get Input Parameter Error 3 Read Error When diskette Drive being damaged Therefore it is impossible to read out from diskette Drive A and also it is impossible to write into the diskette Drive 4 Write Error It is impossible to write into the diskette Drive Due to diskette has damages or protection label being pasted on it and it will Re boot automatically 5 Writing to diskette is Impossible 111 When there is Read Error and you intend to write on the diskette Drive the above message appears and it will Re boot automatically 105 12 Inside of the 1
55. eight jumpers for setting from JP1 to It is possible to set the Jumpers by putting short plugs on the jumper posts which are on the rear side of Formula L The role of each jumpers are on the following page 32 JE JP6 EI JP3 322 2 3 1 JP1 JP 321 Used Ext Clock as Receiving Clock SIO Channel 510 Channel 4 2 3 Used Int Clock as Receiving Clock 1 2 Used Int Clock as Transmitting Clock SIO Channel 4 Used Ext Clock as Transmitting Clock SIO Channel A 1 2 Used Ext Clock as Receiving Clock SIO Channel B JP2 JP3 2 3 Used Clock as Receiving Clock sio Channel B 1 2 Used Int Clock as Transmitting Clock 510 Channel B JP4 Used Ext Clock as Transmitting Clock SIO Channel B RS 232 C JP5 2 3 10 mA Current Loop Counter Output of Channel 0 as a Clock Input of CTC Channel 3 SIO Channel B CTC Channel 3 Counter Mode JP6 2 3 Used Ext Clock as a Clock Input CTC Channel 3 of CTC Channel 3 Counter Mode SIO Channel B 20 mA Current Loop Receiving Non Voltage Type JP7 1 3 20 mA Current Loop 2 4 Voltage Type 1 3 10 mA Current Loop SIO Channel 2 4 Ke yta Type Transmitting 510 1 Receiving Note z Per our standard being already set shown by the signs only one pair of pins Example for setting either you set 1 2 or
56. es STRING 80 source code STRING BIT FORTRAN source SUPERSORT ULTRASORT II VISAM for PL 1 80 Telecommunications ASCOM BSTAM BSTMS BTAM 80 CICS 80 RBET 80 RJE 80 Word Processing Systems and Aids BENCHMARK MAGIC WAND MICROSPELL SPELLGUARD TEXTWRITER III DOCUMATE PLUS WORDINDEX WORDSTAR CUSTOMIZATION NOTES Data Management Systems CONDOR 5 20 dBASE II MAG basel MAG base2 base Micro SEED TIM III CBS SELECTOR III C2 SELECTOR IV 126 II 10 11 Note Business Packages ACCOUNT ACCOUNT RECEIVABLE P T ANGEL APARTMENT MANAGEMENT BOSS FINANCIAL ACCOUNT SYSTEM DATEBOOK I I DENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 8000 DENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 9000 GENERAL LEDGER P T GLECTOR GRAFTALK GUARDIAN INSURANCE AGENCY SYSTEM 9000 INVENTORY MAILING ADDRESS MEDICAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 8000 MEDICAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 9000 PAS 3 DENTAL PAS 3 MEDICAL PAYROLL P T POSTMASTER PROPERTY MANAGEMENT P T SALES PRO WIREMASTER Numerical Problem Solving Tools T MAKER II FPL MICROSTAT muSIMP muMATH PLANS80 STATPAK Program name system name CPU name etc are their own registered trademarks of the each company 127 3 UM 15 Operation The following shows the front and rear view of the Formula l 80 columns line Thermal Printer EP ROM r Socket 5 25 Floppy D
57. estination drive diskette 60K CP M Vers 2 2 Formula l System BIOS Created By Co Ltd 1983 A gt FSYSGEN SYSCEN VERSION SOURCE DRIVE NAME OR RETURN TO SKIP Fig 20 FSYSGEN Message EDURE OF FSYSGEN A NEW DISKETTE PROC You should FSYSGEN a new diskette which you have already FORMATTED before Insert the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE into Drive and lock Insert FORMATTED diskette into Drive B and lock Type FSYSGEN and press RETURN When displaying prompt gt Displaying SYSGEN VERSION SOURCE DRIVE NAME OR RETURN TO SKIP Type source drive name and press RETURN You can use any one of the following drives name LECH PPS 82 10 You will following message your SOURCE ON A THEN TYPE RETURN Press RETURN You will get following message on your CRT FUNCTION COMPLETE This means process of reading from source diskette being completed You will get following message on your CRT I DESTINATION DRIVE NAME OR RETURN TO REBOOT Type destination drive name and press RETURN You can use any one of the following drives name VEU BU dox D Following message will appear on your CRT DESTINATION ON B THEN TYPE RE
58. f the disk drives Be careful of the following points Formula l s files are compatible with the CP M 80 s files of 8 one sided single density diskette However there are no compatibility with the Drive C Expansion Floppy Disk Drive CP M 80 s files of 5 25 and 8 two sided double density 5 25 two sided double density diskettes case of copying CP M 80 s files from the double density diskette made by the other company the user must Drive System Disk Drive 5 25 two sided double density do so after once copying to t 80 files of 8 one sided single density diskette See the item No lt 11 3 Device Allocation gt about the device of Console Reader Puncher and Printer Drive D Expansion Floppy Disk Drive 5 25 two sided double density Drive E Expansion Floppy Disk Drive 8 one sided single density Drive F Expansion Floppy Disk Drive 8 one sided single density Drive G Expansion Floppy Disk Drive 1 6 File Format 8 two sided double density 5 The filing format of the floppy disk drives being used Drive H Expansion Floppy Disk Drive in the Formula l is on the following page 8 two sided double density The explanation of 8 one sided single density has been omitted The logical and physical corresponds of the above devices are as follows Logical Address Physical Address Drive A Drive 0 Drive Drive 1
59. gister Output Parameter Register All registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register Calling Method CALL USIOIN lt F51B H gt This is program to input the data from the RS 232 C Channel A Port The other conditions are the same as those of Channel B Port 11 7 12 USIOOUT RS 232 C Channel A Data Output Input Parameter Set a data into A register which you intend to output from Channel B Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved Calling Method CALL USIOOUT lt F51E H gt This is a program to output the data from the RS 232 C Channel A Port The other conditions are the same as those of Channel Bi Port 75 J 3 11 7 13 LPRNSTS Centronics Standard F Printer Status Check 11 7 16USIOISTS RS 232 C Channel A Input Status Check Input Parameter Not exist Input Parameter Not exist Output Parameter Busy gt A register 00 Z Flag 0 Output Parameter Without data e A register 00 Z Flag 1 Ready gt A register FF H Z Flag 1 With Data gt A register FF H Z Flag 0 Register All registers are reserved except A register Register All registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register amp Flag register Calling Method CALL LPRNSTS lt F521 H gt Calling Method CALL USIOISTS lt 52 gt This is the status check program of the Centronics Standard This is a status check program of the input data fr
60. h you should hold the lt CTRL gt key down while you press lt RESET gt key and release one of the two keys thereafter you will find system being reset This state is similar to the state when you turn ON the power switch Fig 29 Disposition of EP ROM Socket Pin 130 131 e A ae o tee am 15 4 Procedure of Changing Roll Paper The system printer of the Formula l is a thermal printer Therefore you need thermal paper to feed this printer In case of storing thermal roll paper you should pay attention on the following points 1 Do not inflict an intense heat on a roll paper 2 Avoid the direct sun for a long time 3 Do not put any material chemicals etc on the roll paper otherwise the color of the paper might change due to reaction Use the paper designated by our company 127 W x 65 Dia mm roll paper No TP 50CA127 Jujo Seishi First open the printer cover of the Formula l and move left side lever towards O as directed on the system unit Now roll paper is free and therefore pull out old roll paper Next set a new paper and push slowly the front edge of the roll paper in the lower part of the pinch roller By pushing side edges of the roll paper in front edge of the paper will come out from paper outlet which is right behind the paper cutter
61. hannel A Baud Rate setting of Serial 1 0 Channel B 8 bits Programmable Counter amp Timer Break out of Interruption Vector according to demand of each channel Zero Count Time Out 51 5 Floppy Disk Drive Type of Disk Drive Capacity Data Bytes Sector Sectors Track Cylinders Disk Drive Tracks Disk Drive Recording Method Recording Density Track Density Rotational Speed Data Transfer Rate Transfer Method Average of Access Time Average of Seek Time 5 25 two sided double density x 2 units 358K bytes disk drive 128 bytes sector FM 256 bytes sector 18 sectors track 40 cylinders disk drive 80 tracks disk drive FM MFM Track 0 Side 0 FM method 2938 BPI FM 5876 BPI MFM 48 TPI 300 RPM 125K bits sec FM 250K bits sec MFM DMA Transfer 100 5 93 mS Settling Time Head Load Time Motor Start Time 5 6 Video Display CRT Size Characters Format Cursor Mode Method Video RAM Capacity Character Generator Character Code Interface Expansion Interface Gain Video Frequency Horizontal Frequency Vertical Frequency 15 mS 50 mS 400 mS 5 5 Green non glare coating 95 H x 70 V mm 80 columns line x 24 lines English Figures Small Letters of English Marks Total 96 Reserved capacity 64 Semi graphic patterns Total 96 6 7 dot matrix character mode 8 8 dot matrix semi graphic mode X X Underline blinking 16 frames
62. he Shift In mode Note 2 DC3 13H Set the mode semi graphic characters DC4 14H Cancel the mode semi graphic characters Initial State ESC 1BH Set ESC sequence mode for detail refer to ESC Sequence Functions amp Code List see next page Note 3 DEL 7FH Invalid 56 2 Functions Moves the cursor UD one line 41H B 42H C 43H D 44H 45 F 46H G 47H 4 K M 4DH N 4EH 0 4FH P son R 52H S 53H U 55H Y 59H 508 SEH Moves the cursor down one line I Moves the cursor right one character Moves the cursor left one character 1 Ignore the characters over 80 columns line Display those characters in the next line which exceeds 80 columns line Initial State Move the cursor to first column of the first line Erase screen After Cursor Erase line After Cursor When cursor at the last line if this program accept LF code at this time cursor automatically goes to the first line Clear screen and screen does not scroll up even if after accepting LF code Screen scroll LF code Initial State Screen scroll up Cursor does not move Screen scroll down Cursor does not move being not displayed Cursor being displayed Initial State Display test Indicated all the screen
63. ice of this subroutine LXI H OFFFOH Parameter area address program Please see our below example which we have shown M 92H 15 25 Drive B Side 1 the procedure to read a file by direct access method 10 10 must specify that can also read and write with the M Track help of CP M 80 s BDOS procedure although it takes a little INX H longer time INT Hio sSector 5 System Floppy Disk Control ge 0220 Transfer bytes count 256 bytes D The System Floppy Disk Drive Control operates by INX H setting controlling information in the parameter area TH da LX1 D 1000H Transfer memory address 1000H MOV M E 1 At first you should set total 13 bytes in the parameter INX H INX H For example Refer to the lt Table 12 3 FDC Program n M 2 2 Parameter gt field columns 1 to 13 means Te total 13 bytes available Ln You also look for detail information such as parameter length and contents SEN Command bias OFH read mode i M Allocation of FD INX 4 4 u s ou CALL 5 FDC subroutine call 4 DIR press RETURN Get directory of the drive A JMP START 5 Look for file as Editor command file 1 6 Now type ED EXAMPLE ASM press RETURN Se For detail please refer to our Formula I s 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL s page 33
64. isk Drive 5 5 CRT Screen Keyboard Brand Display Fig 26 Front View of the Formula l RS 232 C CH B Connector Fan Parallel I O 5 232 Connector Connector Drive Connector BNC Connector Power Switch 5 25 Floppy Dis Drive Connector Fig 27 Rear View o Formula l 128 1514 Power ON Setting First connect AC cable with AC connector on the rear side and put the plug of the cable into an outlet of AC power Next turn ON the power switch which is on the rear side of the Formula l Pull out the diskette from the floppy disk drives before you turn ON or OFF the power switch If AC power is supplied correctly the brand name of the Formula l being displayed immediately Thereafter the following message will appear on your CRT Formula Vers for mini 2D In this state insert the System Diskette into the Drive correctly Indicator Write Protect Upper View of the Diskette Fig 28 Direction of the Diskette Insertion 129 L Lock the disk drive after inserting the diskette following 15 3 EP ROM Programmer Socket ill an e system starts At first you should make sure number of pins i the EP ROM and thereafter insert EP ROM into the socket by 60k CP M Vers 2 2 Formula l system matching extreme left and pin hole together careful BIOS created YCU Co Ltd
65. ister All registers are reserved Calling Method CALL UKBSTS F527 H Calling Method CALL CRTINIT F530 gt This is a status check program of the input data from the This is a program to initialize system s CRT RS 232 C Channel B port This program only checks Receiver By calling this program V RAM address pointer get initialized Buffer Ready status and moves to first address position of the V RAM and thereafter The 5 232 Channel B Input Status being assigned to lt gt screen get cleared Input Status when running on CP M 80 76 71 11 8 System Utility Program s This utility program consists of FORMAT FSYSGEN SYSTEM PROMW and FUNC commands has been made by our company and supplied to our users as transient command 11 8 1 FORMAT Command for diskette format The object of this command is to create a new index on the new or old diskette in order to proceed for using with our computer Usually new diskette can not be read and impossible to write on it without formatting Time to time if diskette being damaged due to unusual handling strong electric and magnetic forces then we need to do the formatting You should be very careful when executing this program because the contents of the diskette will get erased as this process is over operations as follows A FORMAT RETURN Diskette formatting Vers
66. l Keys on the CP M 80 basis Every Function Keys codes which can be assigned by this command are limited to 8 bytes and every Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys codes are limited to 2 bytes ext the operation ts explained Function Key Code Change Command Vers c 1982 YCU CO LTD 91 92 93 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CO CO C5 CD CD CO CD Co C CO CO CO gt Co CO CO CD Fig 23 Function Keys Code Table PROCEDURE OF SETTING FUNCTION KEYS CODE Detail explanation of Function Keys and their code change commands including setting of Function Keys are as follows 1 Insert CP M 80 System Program into Drive A 2 You will get prompt gt your CRT 3 DIR press RETURN Key to get the directory of the 80 4 Now you check in the directory for Function Keys codes change command as FUNC 1 00 Sa 6 FUNC press lt RFTURN gt key You will get above message on your CRT Fig 23 There are four different types of command in order to change Function Keys code 1 ASCII code input command Hexa code input command Function Keys code display command Disk write and exit command ASCII code input command If you intend to change key code of any one of the Functi
67. memory Further at the time of loading it is possible to add the bias value to the loading address too The input format of this command is as follows RF Drive Name File Name File Bias Value RETURN 1 2 3 1 Command name RF 2 Drive name A H If you omit or forget to input the drive name then automatically the drive s name currently in use get selected File name English figures and codes Maximum of 8 figures File type Either HEX or COM 97 125 73 3 4 characters you omit forget to input the 4 characters then automatically bias value turns into 0000 P RF 5 1000 lt RETURN gt at ORG 4000H READ CP M FILE HEX OR COM DATA IS STORED FROM 5000 TO 6000 P After pressing lt RETURN gt key the process starts and completes the file contents being read and get loaded immediately into the assigned memory address RT CP M 80 Return By RT command you can return back to the CP M 80 from EP ROM programmer This command works same as pressing lt CTRL gt key The following explains an input format of the command No Parameter RT lt RETURN gt For this command parameter is not required WM Write From Memory To EP ROM command write the contents of the designated memory address to the After finish writing the process of read amp compare che
68. n be connected directly Further Baud Rate of Serial Ports and Jumper can be set respectively The layout of the rear view is as follows Fan 5 232 Parallel I O Connector RS 232 C CH A Connector AC Connector Drive Connector Power Switch 5 25 Floppy Dis Drive Connector Fig 3 Rear View of the Formula l 13 51 1 Parallel UO Ports Device Port Handshake Line Interface Interruption Z80A PIO Byte output mode Byte input mode Byte bi directional mode only Port A Bit mode CO bits x 2 ports Port B 2 lines each port Ready Strobe TTL level Using Centronics Standard Interface as our standard The DMA transfer requests Break Out by the in coming Q signal from outside the system unit Therefore 1 is possible to input to CPU DMA transfer requests by specific program Break Out of Interruption Vector by the following conditions are only possible with specific program Receiving strobe signal from the external devices at the byte output mode Receiving strobe signal from the external devices at the byte input mode Receiving strobe signal for input or output from the external devices at the byte bi directional mode When the conditions are true at the state of bit mode 12 6 Expansion Interface Specifications The Formula l s Expansion Interface Specifications a
69. nal coming from outside system into counter clock of channel 3 by selecting the short plug jumper accordingly In standard do not change parameters of channel 1 and 2 at all However if you intend to change the Baud Rates only then you should change the parameters of channel 1 and 2 lo amp SEN 12 1 4 Direct Memory Access 2804 DM A The DMA of this computer being used for the purpose of transferring data in between memory and floppy diskettes You can also use DMA for data transferring in some other purpose as well Although in this one should be very careful because if you call FDC Subroutine Program the parameter of DMA will certainly get damage Apart from transferring data from floppy disk drives it can also transfer data from the following Serial I O Channel A Channel B Memory to Memory Transfer External DMAREQ Terminal This DMA has a higher functions very complex in use therefore one should use it after thoroughly understanding the manuals 12 1 5 Interrupt The interrupt s order of priority is below mentioned Further there has been specific order of priorities in each chips itself Therefore in order to get detail information pertaining to the chips you must refer to The Specifications of Z80A Family Chips High 1 Counter amp Timer Z80A 2 Serial I O 280 10 3 Parallel I O 280 PIO s 4 DMA 280A DMA As our standard with the Formula l1l we do not
70. ollowing error message will appear on your CRT and gets back to initial state Formatting start Read check start Process complete Normal end Disk write error Abnormal end I Disk read error Abnormal end II Abnormal end I The diskette is not inserted properly unlocked or in a state of write protect Abnormal end II When after recording the format the data in the diskette are impossible to be read correctly We have shown the procedure of formatting a new diskette on the following page 79 I E ow 3 After displaying Formatting start Y N 60K CP M Vers 2 2 Formula l System BIOS Created By YCU Co Ltd 1983 Press Y for Yes A FORMAT Formatting start Diskette formatting Vers Read check start Drive name A B C D E F G H or RETURN to reboot Process complete This is the end of formatting of a new diskette In order to continue formatting more diskettes please Process complete refer to Note 2 8 For finishing this process Press RETURN in order to reboot Fig 19 FORMAT Message Note 1 1 When using Disk Drive A B C and D 5 25 diskettes the track numbers will be from 00 to PROCEDURE OF FORMAT NEW DISKETTE 39 due 40 tracks available for formatting If you intend to format track5 only then input 5 and press RETURN If yor intend to format A ne
71. om Interface Printer the RS 232 C Channel A port This program only checks Receiver Buffer Ready status 11 7 14 UCRTSTS RS 232 C Channel B Output Status Check 11 7 17 USIOOSTS RS 232 C Channel A Output Status Check Input Parameter Not exist Input Parameter Not exist Output Parameter Busy gt A register 00 Z Flag 1 Ready gt A register FF H Z Flag 0 Output Parameter Without data gt A register 00 Z Flag 1 With Data gt A register FF H Z Flag 0 Register registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register Register registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register Calling Method CALL UCRTSTS lt F524 H gt Calling Method CALL USIOOSTS lt F52D H gt This is status check program of the output data from the RS 232 C Channel B port This is a status check program of the output data from This program only checks Transfer Buffer Empty status the RS 232 C Channel A port This program only checks Transfer Buffer Empty status 11 7 15 UKBSTS RS 232 C Channel B Input Status Check Input Parameter Not exist 1 7 18 CRTINIT System s CRT Initialize Output Parameter Without data A register 00 Z Flag 1 Input Parameter Not exist With data gt A register FF H Z Flag 0 Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved except A register amp Flag register Reg
72. omes bias error Parameter Information 0 set x no set Classifftatibiun Command ee See eee Basic Command Expansion BREAD Command Table 13 Parameters Settin 53 This program being executed as a result of setting There are following Error Status Cod besides the one of following status in the accumulator A register and then previous page return to the main program i Error Code Contents of Error Bias Data Error Bit Position Contents of Status 5 Unit Data Error E2H Controller Error Table 15 Error Status Code List 2 Error at the executing EREAD command Error at the executing EWRITE command Zero Unused D7 Zero Unused t 0 Unit Number FFFO t 1 Track Number FFFO t 2 Sector Number t 3 Number of Transfer Bytes low FFFO t 4 Number of Transfer Bytes High Normal ending of command In case of reading data field with deleted data FFFO t 5 Transfer Address Low address mark 16 Transfer Address High FFFO t 7 Retry Mode 02 H FFFO t 8 Unused 1 FFFO t 9 i FFFO Bias for Each Command WRITE FAULT Unused WRITE PROTECT FFFO t Selecting One or Two Sided Diskette DRIVE NOT READY There are 9 types of errors as listed in the above table Table 16 Memory Allocation of FDC Program Parameter Table 14 Error Status Code List 1 54 55 11 7 4 C
73. on Keys Numeric Keys or Cursor Control Keys at the beginning you should press the specific keywhich you want to change For example If you want to change F2 key code press F2 key F2 F2 92 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Now type your intended key code you want to set into F2 Function Keys code If you want to input STAT s code into the code of 7 2 Function Keys Then type STAT and press RETURN key You will find STAT code being inserted into F2 code area F2 F2 92 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 STAT RETURN F2 STAT 53 54 41 54 00 00 00 00 You will get STAT s ASCII code being input into the F2 key s Hexa code area previously inserted code if any automatically get erased 101 Every Function Keys code which assigned this command are limited to maximum 8 bytes every Numeric Keys code and Cursor Control Keys code are limited to maximum 2 bytes If you make any input errors you can erase by pressing BACK SPACE key Therefore you can erase unwanted input immediately i Note 1 If you input more than 8 bytes for Function Keys and more than 2 bytes for Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys then you will get Input Parameter Error t Therefore re input again correctly to proceed further Note 2 You can also input less than 8 bytes for Function Keys 2 and less than 2 bytes for Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys and at the end order to finish p
74. op SG Signal Ground PIO A Raedy 12 Signal Ground 15 Out of Paper PIOBS Reset OUT m Data Strobe 21 OUT BRDY E 22 BSTB PIO B Strobe ESTE 30 Rubber Insulated Flexible 1 5 DB C2 J9 External Clock d 57 30360 25 Sice of the Printer Sideof the Formula 1 Note Do not connect signed pins when using Centronics Standard Interface Printer Table 4 Cable Connection for External Printer Table 3 Connector Signal of Parallel X O 20 21 ZN lt 614 RS 232 C Inter face In standard specification 2 Serial I O Ports of RS 232 C are equipped with the Formula l 2804 SIO being used as the controller For detail specifications refer to the item No lt 5 10 Serial 0 Ports gt Channel A is exclusive for RS 232 C The RS 232 C and 20 Current Loop of Channel B can be changed by replacing the short plugs on the rear side of this computer For setting procedure of the short plugs see the item No 8 Jumper Setting gt Further it is possible to set the Baud Rate for each channel independently For detail see the item No 9 Baud Rate Setting You can refer to 4 Fig 6 Logic of Serial I O Ports which shows the circuit of the Serial I O Ports About the pin assignment of the connector and the signal name Table 5
75. or detail explanation you must refer to the topic CP M 2 System Interface of the CP M 80 OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL 42 11 3 Device Allocation The following 4 logical devices are allocated in the CP M 80 CON The System Console Device RDR The Paper Tape Reader Device PUN The Paper Tape Puncher Device LST The Output List Device The physical devices allocated for the are a8 follows CON CRT TTY PUN TTY LST TTY CRT UL1 LPT TTY RS 232 C Channel B Port CRT System s CRT Console Output Device System s Keyboard Console Input Device UL1 System s Thermal Printer LPT Centronics Standard Interface Printer Parallel I O Ports When the power is turned ON the following is allocated CON CRT RDR TTY PUN TTY LST ULI 43 4 D A Expansion Floppy Disk Drives 11 5 BIOS The BIOS must be changed to implement the CP M 80 on the Formula l The BIOS made by our company supports the floppy disk drive of 5 25 two sided double density 8 two sided double density and 8 one sided single density Refer to the The floppy disk drive which can be expanded is limited to Drive System Disk Drive item lt 11 4 Expansion Disk Drives gt for detail 2 units 5 25 8 disk drives only Details are as follows 5 25 two sided double density allocation o
76. rap ROM Fig 16 Memory Allocation Using 60K CP M 80 36 10 2 System Start When you set the Power ON or System amp eset the IPL program starts immediately The following message will appear on your CRT and the Boot Strap program being loaded to the main memory from the system diskette Vers for mini 2D The Boot Strap program is loaded to the following address 00004 0100 H Program 128 bytes System Diskette 02004 Track 0 Sector 1 Fig 17 Boot Strap Program Allocation When the Boot Strap program is loaded if an error occurs the following message will appear on your CRT and the process of loading to the main memory restarts again IPL error 37 When the Boot Strap program is loaded correctly the following message appears on your CRT thereafter the system program is loaded into the main memory from the system diskette In case of using the CP M 80 the system program is loaded into D400 H F4FF H addresses See Fig 16 Memory Allocation Using 60K CP M 80 CP M Boot for mini 20 Then if an error occurs the following message will appear on your CRT and the process of loading to the main memory restarts again Boot err When the Boot Strap program is loaded correctly the following message appears on your CRT and the CP M 80 starts automatically 44 60K CP M Vers 2 2 Formula l1 System BIOS Created By YCU Co Ltd
77. re as follows 5 25 floppy disk drives FD 3 8 floppy disk drives FD 8 Centronics Standard Interface Printer 80 RS 232 C Serial Interface 20mA Current Loop Serial Interface Bigger CRT which is driven by composite video signal FM 9 w k k By using connectors on the rear aide expansion devices can be connected directly Further Baud Rate of Serial Ports and Jumper can be set respectively The layout of the rear view is as follows RS 232 C CH B Connector Fan Parallel 1 0 RS 232 C CH A Connector Connector AC Connector Drive Connector 5 25 Floppy Dis Drive Connector Fig 3 Rear View of the Formula l 13 4t 84 5 25 Expansion Floppy Disk Drives FD 5 The Formula 1 can be expanded to 2 disk drives by the same specification as the system floppy disk drive this case remove the terminator from the expansion floppy disk drives Allocate 2 3 to physical disk drive address because system disk drive has been set up on 40 41 See the item No 5 5 Floppy Disk Drive about the specification of 5 25 floppy disk drive Pertaining to the pin assignment of connectors and the signal name refer to below table Pin Signal Pin Signal ouster name number name DRIVE 3 Signal Ground Signal Ground Signal Ground 10 DRIVE mes ome s suma DINE EE Signal Ground
78. ress RETURN key Hexa code input command By changing the Function Key code to the optional codes at the beginning press H key so f character appears and press the key which is going to be changed Now you should remember you can input key codes from 0 to 9 and from A to F only Due other key codes are not Hexa code therefore unable to operate with this command For example If you want to change F2 key code to STAT lt RETURN gt at first press H you will get on your CRT Press F2 key following appears F2 F2 STAT 53 54 41 54 00 00 00 00 Now input Hexa code character for STAT lt RETURN gt 535441540D and press RETURN F2 STAT 53 54 41 54 00 00 00 00 53 34 41 54 00 lt RETURN gt F2 STAT 53 54 41 54 0D 00 00 00 Thus the change of codes being completed 102 If you do any mistake input characters into code then you can not erase it with SPACE key In order to start again you should go to the beginning Therefore press lt RETURN gt key Try again You should always input 2 characters code at a time You can only input your character code into Function Keys code Numeric Keys code and Cursor Control Keys code If you input some other key code you will get Parameter Error Note 1 If you input more than 8 bytes for Function Keys and more than 2 bytes for Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys then you won t get any Inp
79. rogram Load 51 11 7 3 FDC Floppy Disk Control 5 1 11 7 4 CRT System s Control 56 11 7 5 PRINT System s Printer Control 61 11 7 6 KB System s Keyboard Control 7777777777777 6 3 11 11 7 7 KBSTS System s Keyboard Status Check 63 11 7 8 LPRINT Centronics Standard Printer Control 74 11 7 9 UCRT RS 232 C Channel B Data output 74 11 7 10 UKB RS 232 C Channel B Data Input 15 11 7 11 USIOIN RS 232 C Channel A Data Input 75 11 7 12 USIOOUT RS 232 C Channel A Data Output 75 11 7 13 LPRNSTS Centronics Printer Status Check 76 11 7 14 UCRTSTS RS 232 C Channel B Output Status Check 76 11 7 15 UKBSTS RS 232 C Channel B Input Status Check 76 11 7 16 USIOISTS RS 232 C Channel A Input Status Check 77 11 7 17 USIOOSTS N 232 C Channel A Output Status Check 77 11 7 18 CRTINIT System s CRT Initialize 77 11 8 System Utility Programs 78 FORMAT Raw peu a Ts edu ss 78 11 8 2 FSYSGEN 80 11 8 3 SYSTEM 85 8 PROMW 88 P11 S825 BUNG 100 12 InsideoftheFormula 1 106 12 1 General Spe
80. t amp Control ELM Sign ARED Das JARED HEX Pe CAP LOCK LOCK LOCK Table 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock Off 68 Control Shift amp Control T able 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock Off 4 69 Unshift Shift Control Shift amp Control LN Code Sign Code Code Code EHE SHER S LR 109 fe _ ERI EON OI EA RR ORE ef p pots opts psf fet hfe f fete je fe appe m EE IS Pe el SPACE SPACE SPACE SPACE Ge m nj min E A 74 14 79 EM 19 75 15 NAK 5 69 HT 09 Lei A er pep Table 19 Keyboard Code Capstan Lock 1 70 Unshi ft Shift Control Shift amp Control Code Sign Sign Code Code HEX HEX mere ee Epp sep ef mic el RUE 43 SHIFT SHIFT SHIFT 44 z sa 1a sm SHIFT Table 19 Keyboard Code Capsta Lock 2 71 2 Unshift 1 Control Shift amp Control Sign Code
81. t using them according to your choice Note 2 If you intend to continue SYSTEM more diskette just unlock Drive and insert again a new previously formatted diskette amp lock and follow our instruction from 4 87 3 11 8 4 PROMW Command for EP ROM programmer It is possible towrite in and read out the following EP ROM by using PROMW command program based on the CP M 80 Operating System When using EP ROM 2716 2516 2732 2532 and 2764 you should adjust the slide switch on the right side of EP ROM socket UP or DOWN according to specific EP ROM you intend to use 2716 2516 2732 amp 2532 switch UP 2164 Switch DOWN 1 2716 Intel 2516 TI 2 2732 Intel 3 2532 TI 4 2764 Intel This program executes under the control of the CP M 80 in conversational style it is possible to write in read out erase check etc There are total 13 kinds of commands available herewith Now you should get command menu This program is in the CP M 80 system diskette therefore 1 Insert the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE into Drive A and lock 2 Now you will get prompt on your CRT Type PROMW and press RETURN You will get following command menu 88 A gt PROMW ETURN gt Formula l EP ROM Programmer Vets Z ss B 2716 2516 C 2732 D 2532 E 2764 Command Menu
82. ta Output Input Parameter Set data into A register which you intend to output from Channel B Output Parameter Not exist Register All registers are reserved Calling Method CALL UCRT lt F515 H gt This is program to output the data from the RS 232 C Channel B Port Baud Rate value being set by the DIP Switch which is at the rear side of the Formula l The detail information pertaining to Serial I O mode and bit format are as follows Mode Asynchronous Start Stop Synchronous Character Bit Length 2 8 bits character Parity Even parity Stop Bit Length 2 stop bit In this program control signals such CS CD RS etc are not used The RS 232 C Channel B being assigned to lt gt output device when running on CP M 80 74 uu 11 7 10 UKB N 232 C Channel B Data Input Input Parameter Not exist Output Parameter Set a input data from Channel B into A register Register All registers are reserved expect A register amp Flag register Calling Method CALL UKB lt F518 H gt This is program to input the data from the RS 232 C Channel B Port other conditions are the same as those of item 11 7 9 UCRT The RS 232 C Channel B being assigned to lt gt input device when running on CP M 80 11 7 11 USIOIN RS 232 C Channel A Data Input Input Parameter Not exist Set a input data from Channel A into A re
83. the directory of the diskette never gets damage The operations are as follows A gt SYSTEM lt RETURN gt CP M Vers 2 2 System generation for Formula l Destination drive name A B C D or RETURN to reboot In the above state insert a new diskette into other drive and lock Now input the name of the disk drive in which you have inserted the new diskette and press RETURN Due 5 25 diskettes being loaded by IPL therefore we only need to do SYSTEM of 5 25 diskettes and not 8 diskettes Accordingly you should have to choose one of the disk drives name from the following A B C D in order to use After you input the disk drive s name the following message will appear on your CRT Generation Start Y N If you intend to generate the SYSTEM on the diskette press Y then generation start automatically If the process completes correctly the following message will appear on your CRT as Process complete and return to initial state If there being an error the error message will appear on your CRT as Disk write error and return to initial state When you do not intend to use this program of system generation press N the execution stops and returns back to CP M 80 Operating System Process complete Normal end Disk write error I Abnormal end We have shown the procedure of SYSTEM a new diskette on the following page 85 p 3
84. transfer COUNT Output This signal is active Low and programmable and when the number of byte of DMA transfer reaches a set value a pulse signal is output Thereafter every 256 bytes of data transfer one pulse being output EXTCLK 1 CLocK Input This signal iS active Low and it is the input signal of the External Clock at the time of sing the Channel 3 on Counter Mode of 2804 See lt 5 Logic of Counter 4 Timer gt 17 ARDY ASTB 280A PIO B6 feier B5 arene so IOC o TT Bl INIT Ol es ________ EE 52 BSTB 5V RM9 14 1 5 1KNx2 HREQ lt 2 DMAREO o 23 AR 2d gt LS QUN BUSACK 532 DAL 25 CTCCLK d EXTCLK 1504 11 Fig 4 Logic of Parallel I O Ports 18 CHANNEL A BAUD RATE CLOCK ZC TOl CK TG1 CHANNEL B BAUD RATE CLOCK 2 2 CK TG2 LS74 280 1 2288 2 153 6 2 COUNTER CLOCK 1 1 2288MH2 153 6KHz COUNTER CLOCK 2 CK TGO ZC TOO CK TG3 JP6 39 M CTCCLK Fig 5 Logic of Counter amp Timer 19 Printer Formula 1 Signal Printer Formula 1 Signal Name Name 207 Printing Dat PIOA7 l 20 STROBE Printing Data OUT 4 5 Ti PD3 Printing Data fa ss De eei a DAT BE E ee piu e p
85. ut parameter error sign Note 2 In order to stop or change press RETURN key 3 Function Keys code display command In order to operate this command at first you should press n D key to get Function Keys code display table as follows Fl 91 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F2 STAT 53 54 41 54 OD 00 00 00 F3 93 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F4 94 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F5 I 95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F6 96 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F7 97 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F8 98 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F9 99 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 d H 1B 48 c 1B 43 D 1B 44 1841 B 1B 42 0 3000 1 3100 2 2 3200 3 3 3300 4 4 3400 5 5 3500 6 6 3600 7 3700 8 8 3800 8 9 3800 28 00 00 2 00 2D 00 Upon operating display command above Function Keys code table will appear on your CRT and represent codes of Function Keys Numeric Keys and Cursor Control Keys 103 4 Disk write and exit Due the codes which have already been changed to new one will get erased automatically after System Reset Therefore if you want to restore new changed codes then you have to write on the system diskette In order to write you must appoint disk drive as main drive Press E key you will get following message on your Disk Write Ok Y N If you change your mind and do not want to write restore on the diskette Drive A press N key 50 it will return back to the CP M 80 from this command Re boot 111 messag
86. utilize interruption at all Therefore if you are interested you should make your own interrupt program according to your Specific use Note The Specifications of 2804 Family Chips are available with Zilog Inc USA 109 12 2 1 0 following shows the address structure of the Formula l 0000 Prohibited to use F000g V RAM 2K bytes 800 System 1 0 Note Area I Fig 24 Address Structure System I O Area Detail information being provided in Table 21 User s Device I O Map 1 2 3 and 4 gt 110 Device Name DMA Z80A DMA Baud Rate Switch Counter amp Timer 2804 1 Printer 780 Parallel 1 0 780 PIO Controller 8876 Serial I O Z80A 510 1 0 Input Remarks Adrs D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D DO 5757 PTS6 5155 STSA STS3 5152 575 STS Status 510 Baud Rate Set F808 SW3 1582 1581 593 SW2 SWl F820 TMO7 06 5 TM04 02 TMO1 1 O Data 2821 17 1 16 15 TM14 TM13 12 11 10 1 Data 2822 27 TM26 25 24 23 22 TM21 2 Channel 2 Data F823 37 TM36 TM35 TM34 33 TM32 31 3 Data F824 PD7 PD6 PD5
87. w diskette we mean a new blank diskette 5 6 and 7 tracks then you have to input and i FORMAT each track number one by one separately This means that you can format only one track 1 Formula l power switch ON at a time except for A All tracks 2 When using Disk Drive E Gand 8 diskettes 2 Insert the CP M 80 SYSTEM DISKETTE into Drive the track numbers will be from 00 to 76 due 77 and lock tracks available for formatting Rest is same as above 3 Insert a new diskette to be formatted into Drive B and lock Note 2 If you intend to continue Formatting more diskettes just unlock Drive and insert again a new diskette and lock follow our instruction from 4 After displaying prompt A gt 5 Type FORMAT press RETURN 5 Now you will find computer asking for Drive name A B C D E F G H or RETURN to reboot Type B and press RETURN 6 Displaying Formatting track address A All tracks 00 39 track 2 and press RETURN For detail refer to Note 1 80 81 11 8 2 FSYSGEN Command for system generation the CP M 80 modified to Formula l This command is same as SYSGEN of transient command of See CP M 80 manual for method of operation which are inside the system tracks of source driv The object FSYSGEN isto copy CEP BDOS BIOS diskette to the d
88. well 107 2 1 2 Parallel 1 0 280 PIO order to know detail information about hardware format of the Parallel I O of Formula l please refer to item No lt 6 3 Centronics Standard Printer Interface gt According to our company standard Parallel I O has been set on to use with Centronics Standard Interface Printer When you intend to use for other purposes it is necessary to change jumper at first and then initialize the parameter Note 1 Due to our company standard IC of Parallel I O has already soldered with Main PCB However if you intend to use such for general purposes you should detach the IC soldering and attach IC sockets Note 2 Further time to time you have to change IC s IC positions jumpers as well as pull up resistors either attach or detach according to your specific use 12 t 3 Counter amp Timer 280 we have stated in the item No lt 12 1 1 Serial I O 2804 SIO gt the user can only use two channels 0 and 3 together or separately For detail please refer to Fig 5 Logic of Counter amp Timer gt Channel 0 8 bits programmable timer Channel 1 Baud Rate setting of Serial I O Channel A Channel 2 Baud Rate setting of Serial I O Channel B Channel 3 8 bits programmable Counter Timer Timer clock s channel 0 and 3 are of 4 MHz connected to system clock You can input separately either the Zero Count signal of channel 0 or External Clock sig
89. ystem 1 0 Control Program Boot Strap ROM lt 40001 7777777777 777 8000g 64K bytes Main Memory C0004 F500g 2222 Fig 15 Memory Allocation When IPL operates the contents of Boot Strap ROM are transferred in this area Only when setting the system is reset the Boot Strap ROM becomes readable state thereby overlapped with main memory During this time O000 H OFFF H address of the main memory being at the state of Write only and CPU executes the program in Boot Strap ROM By the output of ROM disable signal according to the program Boot Strap ROM is parted from the system and all of main memory turns to the state of read write 35 out usar 5 standard design Control Program Expansion Device Control Program etc are stored in the Boot Strap ROM After transferring the program to the address F500 H FFFF H of the main memory the program jumps to IPL in this area thereafter Boot Strap ROM is parted from the system at the Power ON or System Reset The following shows the memory allocation of the when using the 60K CP M 80 0000H System Area 256 bytes System Parameter 01004 User s Area 53K bytes System Diskette D4004 CCP Area 80 Loaded from System Diskette F500H Control Area Transferred from the Boot St

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