SSI-4 Simple Sensor Interface 4 Channel User Manual
Contents
1. SSI 4 Simple Sensor Interface 4 Channel User Manual SSI 4 Manual 1 2 doc 1 VENO W armen ee ate SMC RPE TP fe REND GPO Oe REN De RROD PPT RUN TOT aCe ROR SOLO ee ee ee eT ee ee 3 1 1 DifierentlalnpUls ana arsine va eerv vad ereran esa N aN 4 2 SDECHICANIHN Ss eee ee eee re zr Re Pe ae eee eer ere mer mee ee 4 The Innovate Log Ghai Concent aa ie 5 2 1 Log Chain of 4 channels consisting of SSI 4 alone uuuuusss0200nnnnneeeennnnnnnnnneeeennnen 6 2 2 6 channel Log Chain example with 2 AFR channels ccccccccceeeccceeeeesseseeeeeeeeesessaeeeees 6 2 3 16 Channel kog Ghain example ne ae tere ee e T N 6 3 Gonneceling WAG So lA ac een 7 Out COMMECIING DOW Cl Freien 7 3 2 Connecting external sensor Signals ccccceeececccceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeesseeeasaeeeeeeeessaaaaeess 7 39 POWGING externalsensors hninia ee air 7 4 REM Measurement ek a r 8 4 1 REM Measurement DaSiCS ennta n a a ea 8 4 1 1 FOU STOKS ENGINE Sirani eek 8 4 122 TWO STOKE ENGINGS 2a ae 8 4 1 3 Rotary Engines Wankel Engine cccccccssseeeccesseecceeeeecseseeceeseeessasseessagsessnass 9 4 2 How the SSI 4 determines RPM cccccccccccccceesssseeeeeecceeeaasseeeeeeceeeeaasseeeeessseaasseeeeeess 9 4 2 1 Measurement Method on Channel 1 ccccccssseeeeeeceeeseeeeeceeeeeeeeeseaeseeeseesegeeeessaas 9 4 3 Connecting an RPM signal Channel 1 ss 22222400000RRRnnnnnnnnnn2. 10230 RPM 4 Peed sensor Cylinder Channel 2 Duty Cycle Frequency External 0 5 straight Volt frequency Speed sensor Frequency External 0 5 straight Volt frequency Speed sensor Channel 3 N A Frequency External 0 5 straight Volt frequency Speed sensor Channel 4 The SSI 4 also can act as a power supply for user supplied external sensors The 5V output of the SSI 4 can supply up to 300mA of current 1 1 Differential Inputs The SSI 4 s external connections are differential This means that each input channel has 2 input terminals A terminal and a terminal This is to eliminate ground offsets in the signal Many times the ground point of a sensor is at a different ground than the SSI 4 Because an electronic device can only measure a voltage referenced to it s own ground differences in grounding can introduce measurement errors The SSI 4 measures the sensor signal s ground with the input and them measures the difference between the and the input This way it recreates the sensor signal s own ground reference as if this input were referenced directly to that sensor s ground The common mode rejection range is the maximum voltage this ground reference input can differ from the SSI 4 ground The input is NOT a ground itself It is a ground reference input 2 Specifications Power Power requirements Power reversal protection External Sensor power Serial Communication Seria
3. SSI 4 kit P N 3783 gt PEBGEGRGRH SSI 4 4 CHANNEL SENSOR INTERFACE Appendix A Limited Warranty LIMITED WARRANTY Innovate stands behind the quality of its products Innovate makes the following warranty to purchasers of its products All new Innovate products carry a six month warranty from the date of purchase If proof of purchase cannot be provided warranty will be determined by date of manufacture When Warranty Void This warranty shall terminate and Innovate shall have no obligation pursuant to it if i your Innovate product has been modified or repaired in a manner not previously authorized by Innovate in writing ii the identification markings on your Innovate product have been removed defaced or altered ili your Innovate product was subjected to accident abuse shipping damage or improper use iv your Innovate product was not used or configured as specified in the product manual or v your Innovate product was subjected to operating conditions more severe than those specified in the product manual Exclusions From This Warranty Oxygen Sensors are excluded from this warranty Repairs Under This Warranty In the unlikely event that your Innovate hardware product should prove defective during the warranty period contact Innovate Customer Support for a return material authorization RMA at 949 502 8400 Products returned for service must be securely packed to prevent damage and shipped charges pre pa
4. for every crank revolution Other distributor less 4 stroke engines use one ignition coil for every spark plug This ignition system fires each coil once for every 2 crank revolutions Coil on Plug ignition systems actually incorporate the ignition coil in a module that plugs directly onto a spark plug and do not have a spark plug wire 4 1 2 Two Stroke Engines On a 2 stroke engine there is a spark for every crank rotation so the spark frequency doubles compared to a 4 stroke Very few multi cylinder 2 strokes have distributors For those that do the number of ignition pulses per crank rotation is equal to the number of cylinders Most two stroke engines have one coil for every cylinder The coil fires once for every crank revolution the same as on a 4 Stroke Waste Spark system 4 1 3 Rotary Engines Wankel Engine A rotary engine consists of a roughly triangle shaped rotor rotating in a roughly elliptical chamber The three spaces left between the chamber and the rotor go through the four cycles of a four stroke engine for each rotation of the rotor A single or dual spark plug at a fixed position in the chamber ignites the mixture of each space in sequence Therefore a rotary engine requires 3 sparks for every rotation of the rotor The mechanical power from the rotor is coupled to an eccentric gear to the output shaft This gear has a 3 1 gear ratio and the output shaft therefore rotates 3 times faster than the rotor The output shaft i
5. at a very high voltage pulse on the coils secondary winding creating a spark A capacitive discharge ignition system CDI uses a capacitor to store the spark energy The capacitor is charged to about 400V and then rapidly discharged over the ignition coil s primary winding The coil thus only acts as transformer and does not store energy and can therefore be smaller The advantage of a CDI system is a very high and fast rising spark voltage less susceptible to spark fouling The weakness of the CDI system is the very short duration spark which might not be long enough to ignite the mixture Multispark ignition systems try to overcome the inherent weakness by creating multiple spark pulses over some degrees of crank rotation to increase the likelihood of igniting the mixture The distributor switches the spark voltage to the appropriate spark plug 4 1 1 Four Stroke Engines On a typical 4 stroke engine each spark plug fires once for every two crank rotations The coil on a distributor equipped 4 stroke has to create sparks for every cylinder The number of ignition pulses per crank rotation in this case is the number of cylinders divided by 2 Some engines have one coil for every 2 cylinders instead of a distributor The coil fires two spark plugs at the same time One spark is wasted because it fires one cylinder at the end of its exhaust stroke Therefore this system is called a Waste Spark System Each coil of a Waste Spark System fires once
6. device and so on This way devices can be daisy chained to build a log chain for up to 32 channels total The OUT port of the last device is connected to the computer for logging or downloading of logged data The device that s first in the chain is special It determines the logging sample rate The first device in the chain sends a data packet containing its channel data a sample to the next device downstream left to right in the diagram every 81 92 milliseconds The next device appends its data to that packet and hands that packet to the next device downstream and so on At each device the packet grows in length The devices in the chain synchronize their sampling of the engine parameters to the packets so that all the channels in a packet together represent the same instance in time At the downstream end of the log chain OUT port of the last device a computer or external logger can be connected to store or display the stream data The XD 1 display is such a device This also means that the complete channel data set is ONLY available at the end of the log chain A datalogger capable of recording the log chain data stream therefore MUST be placed at the end of the log chain This includes lap top computers or other loggers Commands for individual devices are sent upstream A device incl a computer or an XD 1 can send commands to the devices upstream of itself but not downstream Commands can include start stop recording ca
7. erently Their drive signal first goes to ground for a high current opening pulse then rises to 8 10 Volts for the hold period Because the SSI 4 sees everything above 2 5V as high it will be able to see only the peak period On some peak hold systems it is possible to connect the CHx input of the SSI 4 to 12V at the injector and connect the CHx input to the injector signal to still measure correctly If the above method can be applied it actually measures positive duty cycle But that is not always the case The LogWorks 2 0 Manual shows an alternative method 10 7 Measuring external 5V sensors Each of the 5 channels on the SSI 4 can be configured to accept input from an external 0 5V sensor Hookup is very straight forward with ground going to the input for the channel and the positive sensor signal going to the input for the channel Raw sensor data can be converted into meaningful units and values using the input configuration features of LogWorks on a PC 8 Programming the SSI 4 with LM Programmer To connect the SSI 4 for programming follow these steps 1 Disconnect any MTS device from the IN port Connect the 2 5mm to DB 2 computer interface cable into the Serial OUT port Your computer needs a serial port If it does not have one you will need a USB to serial adapter 3 Power the SSI 4 either from 12V or a 9V Battery when using a desktop computer 4 Start the LM Programmer application The followi
8. etup of each capability 8 3 1 Measuring RPM Input 1 only f Positive pulse edge C Negative pulse edge Custom Mas RPM Cylinder Count soon fi Cyl 4 Stroke Alzo for inductive clamp on 1 spark plug Non waste spark or Coil on plug The drop down list at the top of the window allows you to select the different functionality for that input If RPM is selected the area below the functionality selection shows as above 12 Select the cylinder count in the appropriate drop down list On the left edit box you can specify the max RPM for this measurement channel In the example case the max RPM is 6000 This means that in LogWorks 6000 RPM is equivalent to 5Volt This allows LogWorks to have a higher RPM resolution 6 RPM per step instead of 10 RPM when the range is 0 10230 RPM This functionality is also available for Inputs 4 and 5 8 3 2 Measuring Frequency all Inputs The center section of the window changes to this Frequency measurement Full Scale Frequency must be between 10Hz and 15kHz Full Scale Frequency You can enter any frequency between 10 Hz and 15000 Hz as full scale frequency SSI 4 measures the frequency with a resolution of 0 1 of the full scale frequency specified So in LogWorks 0 Hz is always O Volt and the full scale frequency is equivalent to 5 Volt This functionality is also available for Inputs 4 and 5 8 3 3 Measuring Speed all Inputs Select the Speed sensing function in t
9. he IN port if nothing is plugged in 2 1 Log Chain of 4 channels consisting of SSI 4 alone To Ser Ser Computer IN OUT SSk4 2 2 6 channel Log Chain example with 2 AFR channels To Computer Terminator Plug FR Arnold op wg LC 1 SSh4 XD 1 XD 1 Notice that the LC 1 s are connected BEFORE the first SSI 4 LC 1 s should always be connected before the first SSI 4 2 3 16 Channel Log Chain example The example chain consists of a LM 1 LMA 2 a LC 1 a SSI 4 a LMA 3 and 2 XD 1 s In this case the chain has 16 channels 6 from LM 1 1 from LC 1 4 from the SSI 4 and 5 from the LMA To Computer Devices attached to the LM 1 s analog input count as being part of the LM 1 s 6 channels They don t count extra XD 1 s do not contribute any channels so you can add as many as needed 3 Connecting the SSI 4 The SSI 4 looks like this Power for WA Sensor Switched 12 external Hookup Inputs Power for 551 4 a on A 551 4 4 CHANNEL SENSOR INTERFACE INNOVATE SERIAL SERIAL OUT IH Seral Forts 3 1 Connecting power Connect switched 12V power switched on when the cars ignition system is on from the car to the terminal marked 12V on the SSI 4 connector Connect one of the terminals marked GND to a good ground on the car The engine block will supply a good ground connection 3 2 Connecting external sensor signals For each external connection you can connect the external
10. he topmost drop down list The center section of the window changes to Speed sensor setup Metric Units US Units Max Speed 100mph41 BO kink Pulses per mile HIME Calculate pulses per mile With the radio buttons you can select to use metric km h or US mph units In the left drop down list you select the max speed to be measured The SSI 4 measures the speed with a resolution of 0 1 of the selected max speed 19 In the right edit box you enter the pulses per mile the speed sensor produces Speed sensors are typically pulse sensors mounted either on the drive shaft or wheel To calculate the pulses per mile or km h click on the calculate button Speed Sensor Calculation x Speed sensor setup f Wheel sensor C Driveshaft sensor Pulses per rotation 1 120 i Tire diameter 25 00 Inch Final drive ratio 3 88 Cancel Select if you use a drive shaft sensor or a wheel sensor Enter the pulses per rotation created by the sensor either as driveshaft rotation or wheel rotation You also need to enter the wheel diameter and in case of a drive shaft sensor the final drive differential ratio The LM Programmer will calculate the pulses per mile km for you This functionality is also available for Inputs 4 and 5 8 3 4 Measuring Duty Cycle Input 2 only Input 2 has the capability to measure duty cycle See chapter 7 for details 14 9 Kit Contents
11. id along with proof of purchase and the return material authorization number to the Innovate repair location as instructed by Customer Service Innovate within a reasonable amount of time from its receipt of your product so shipped will ship to you at its option the repaired product or a new or reconditioned product of comparable or greater specified functionality All repaired or replacement products shall be warranted for the remainder of the Original product warranty Disclaimer INNOVATE MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO YOUR INNOVATE PRODUCT OTHER THAN THE LIMITED WARRANTY SET FORTH ABOVE No Innovate dealer agent or employee is authorized to make any modification extension or addition to this warranty unless enforceable or unlawful under applicable law INNOVATE DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY NONINFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND THE LIABILITY OF INNOVATE IF ANY FOR DAMAGES RELATING TO ANY ALLEGEDLY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT SHALL UNDER ANY TORT CONTRACT OR OTHER LEGAL THEORY BE LIMITED TO THE ACTUAL PRICE PAID FOR SUCH PRODUCT AND SHALL IN NO EVENT INCLUDE INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL SPECIAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OF ANY KIND EVEN IF INNOVATE IS AWARE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above li
12. l Port Speed Packet Logging Speed Sample Resolution Input Specifications Number of Channels Input measurement range CHx max input voltages CHx max input voltages Common Mode Rejection Range Input threshhold for pulsed Signals Max Frequency Input Impedance Temperature Max Operating Temperature Mechanical Size W x L x H Weight Note 1 8 36 Volt 50mA Yes 5V 2 5 300mMA max 19 2 kbit sec 81 92 msec sample packet 10 bits 0 5V at 0 1 resolution 4 0 5V 22 5 Volt to 300 Volt 22 5 Volt to 27 5 Volt 22 5 Volt to 22 5 Volt 2 5V 15 kHz 1MOhm 20 to 80 deg Celsius 133 x 65 x 26 mm 114 grams Supply current specified does not include external sensor current supplied by 5V output Note 2 Sum of all frequency Duty Cycle signals connected should not exceed 15 kHz The Innovate Log Chain concept LogWorks 2 0 has the capability to log display and analyze up to 32 engine parameters Most users will use less though Each of the MTS components reads between 1 and 6 engine parameters To interface a multitude of MTS components to LogWorks with a single connection the Innovate LogChain concept was introduced The SSI 4 can be used as a MTS component in a Log Chain Each of the MTS components has two serial ports except the LM 1 which has only one One serial port is designated as IN port the other as OUT port The OUT port of one device is connected to the IN port of the next
13. libration configuration commands and so on Only the device directly upstream of the command originator of course will receive the command This device then decides depending on the command whether to execute the command and whether to pass it on An example of a case where the command is executed but not passed on is the start stop record command The first upstream device capable of logging internally will execute the command but not pass it on As said before the first device is special because it is the synchronization source for the entire chain By plugging its IN port with the supplied terminator connector a device can detect that requirement when it powers up The terminator connector just connects the transmit and receive line of the IN port together Each device sends a special command out on it s IN port when it powers up This command is ignored and not passed on by any device if received on it s OUT port If the sending device immediately receives that command on its IN port again because the terminator is plugged in it assumes it is the first and special device in the chain The LM 1 having only one serial port is ALWAYS a special device and MUST be connected to the beginning of the chain The following are some examples of Log Chains using the SSI 4 and other MTS devices NOTE The SSI 4 does NOT need a terminator plug on it s IN port It automatically detects if another device is plugged into it s IN port and terminates t
14. mitations or exclusions may not apply to you Revision History 1 0 6 27 06 Initial Release 1 1 9 15 07 Add Kit Contents 1 2 12 01 08 Removed unsupported functions 16
15. nennnnnnnnnnnnne nennen 9 5 Measuring Frequencies custom RPM or speed ccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeesaaeeess 10 6 Measuring dU CY ClO c an en 10 7 Measuring external OV Sensors anna 11 8 Programming the SSI 4 with LM Programmer cccccceseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeessaeees 11 Sal Ohahiging he GeVice names mn 12 82 Wpdating te TirmiWal 6 scx sess ooo saree estas Sacco ve cares ae caeato eave eee 12 83 MDUL GOHfigUrallonsz se rein 12 8 3 1 Measuring RPM INPC 1 ONY eier 12 8 3 2 Measuring Frequency allInpu s nnseniit nn ete eee eee eee 13 8 38 Measuring Speed all Inputs ze nn Renee 13 8 3 4 Measuring Duty Cycle Input 2 only 220024000snnnnsennnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneennnnn 14 9 KIEGonlenBae rear a ona ce race seauntee a e N 15 Appendix A Limited Warranty sate Al 16 REVISION HIS IOV ns nennen 16 1 Overview The SSI 4 device is a simple sensor interface device to add 4 inputs to an MTS Log Chain The SSI 4 may also be used as a stand alone 4 channel MTS compatible input device see Chapter 2 for more details Each of the four inputs of the SSI 4 can be user configured for different functionalities The following tables show the functionality of each of the 4 inputs of the SSI 4 the default factory settings of the SSI 4 are highlighted Channel1 RPM Frequency External 0 5 programmable straight Volt Range default frequency 0
16. ng screen will show up 4 LM Programmer Version 3 05 za 151 Info input 1 Input 2 Input 3 input 4 A003 2004 Innovate Technology Inc iMOoOTOCOFARSPOATsS Device Type 551 4 Firmware Version 1 00a Connected to port COM 1 Processor Version ATMB4 16 Please give this device a unique name Mas 8 characters 551 4 The LM Programmer software then shows in its first page the type and version number of the firmware of the device 11 8 1 Changing the device name If multiple SSI 4 s are used in a Log Chain each MUST be given a unique name so that LogWorks can identify each SSI 4 Just enter a name in the edit box in this page 8 2 Updating the firmware Click on the Update Firmware button You will be presented with a file dialog box that allows you to select a firmware file Firmware files end with the file extension dld SSI 4 firmware file names start with SSI4 The first part is followed by a dash then a V then the version number without dots Example SSI 4 firmware version 1 00 alpha release would have the file name SSI4 V100A dld SSI4 firmware version 1 00 would have the file name SSI4 V100 dld After you opened the firmware file this new firmware will be downloaded in the SSI 4 device 8 3 Input Configurations Click on the appropriate Input tab in the top of the window to configure one of the SSI 4 inputs Each Input has different capabilities Below are details for the s
17. s the equivalent of the crankshaft on a piston engine Because RPMs are measured conventionally as the rotations of the crankshaft the rotary engine requires one spark for every crankshaft rotation the same as a two stroke engine 4 2 How the SSI 4 determines RPM 4 2 1 Measurement Method on Channel 1 The SSI 4 measures RPM not by measuring the number of pulses over a time period as a tachometer does That measurement would be too slow to provide adequate correlation between input channels Instead the SSI 4 measures the time between input pulses and from that calculates RPM for each pulse measurement This measurement method has a few caveats though 1 Ifthe RPM pulse signal is derived from the ignition signal a multi spark ignition system will trigger the measurement multiple times for each pulse This throws the measurement off because the SSI 4 does not know if the pulses are for each ignition event one per cylinder cycle or because of multispark This is specially problematic because the number of multispark pulses also varies with RPM in a lot of ignition systems Fortunately many multispark ignition systems output a tach signal with only one pulse per engine cycle But some notably Ford EDIS systems output all pulses and therefore may require a special tach adapter 2 Odd fire engines like V Twin motorcycle engines and odd fire V6 engines have ignition pulses that are not evenly spaced For example a 60 degree V Twin running a
18. sensor s output to the CHx connection Connect the CHx connection to the ground of the sensor Make sure the sensor output signal does not exceed 5V The SSI 4 is protected if sensor signals exceed that up to 300V for most inputs but it cannot measure beyond a 5V signal 3 3 Powering external sensors At the connection marked 5V you can connect external sensors External sensors don t HAVE to be powered by the SSI 4 The 5V output is a convenience for external sensors when no 5V supply is available The 5V supply can power sensors with a total power consumption of up to 300mA 4 RPM measurement 4 1 RPM Measurement basics Most RPM measurement methods use the ignition system of the car as a convenient source of RPM dependent pulses Other methods use a TDC sensor one pulse per rotation cam sensor or fuel injection pulses number of pulses rotation is dependent on the fuel injection system Some actually measure the AC frequency created by the car s alternator Because the number of pulses per crank rotation is dependent on the ignition system and engine type a universal RPM measurement method must be adaptable to the different environments encountered The typical ignition system consists of an ignition coil a coil driver that switches current to the coil on and off and a distributor When current is switched on to the coil the coil stores energy in its magnetic field When the current is switched off that energy gets discharged
19. t 10 degrees ignition advance will fire cyl 1 at 10 degrees BTDC Then fire cyl Two 420 degrees later at 410 degrees Then fire cyl 1 300 degrees later at 710 degrees This means the ignition pulses sent to the SSI 4 are alternating between 420 and 300 degrees apart and therefore the time between pulses alternates The SSI 4 therefore measures the times between ALL pulses for a complete engine cycle 2 rotations and averages the times between them 4 3 Connecting an RPM signal Channel 1 Connect the RPM signal to the CH1 input screw terminal Connect the CH1 signal to the ground of the RPM signal source For example the ground of the ignition system at the ignition box not where it s ground wire connects to the frame or engine 5 Measuring Frequencies custom RPM or speed The SSI 4 has the capability to measure frequencies on any of the channels It converts a frequency signal pulses per second into a number between 0 and 1023 or 0 5V to be logged directly by LogWorks This is useful for measuring custom RPM ranges signals from speed sensors or the frequency of MAF sensors with frequency output as opposed to voltage output MAF sensors The range of frequencies that the SSI 4 can measure can be programmed by with LM Programmer The SSI 4 can be set to any frequency range between 0 and 30 Hz for the full 0 5V range to 0 15 kHz for the full 0 5V output logging range Also LM Programmer has convenient conversions buil
20. t in so you dont have to calculate the resulting frequency ranges for speed sensing or RPM sensing yourself See chapter 10 x for details A frequency input signal must have an amplitude voltage range of pulse between 0 5V at the low pulse point to minimum of 3V and maximum of 40 V at the high pulse range See chapter 10 for details on different kinds of Frequency speed and RPM sensors NOTE The custom RPM feature will work only for even fire tach signals not for tach signals that vary their time between pulses during an engine cycle odd fire engines Use the input 1 RPM functions instead 6 Measuring duty cycle To measure the duty cycle of a signal in channel 2 the input signal must cover the same voltage range as for a frequency signal Duty cycle is defined as the ratio between the time a signal is active and the total time of the active and inactive time A signal can be either active high the event like injector open happens when there is a high voltage or active low the event happes when the measured signal is at ground or close to it Very often the injector duty cycle is to be measured by the SSI 4 A typical fuel injector is connected to 12V on one side while the other side is connected to ground when the ECU opens the injector Because the pulse is therefore active when the voltage on the pin is at ground negative duty cycle is measured So called peak hold injectors as opposed to saturated injectors work diff
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