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IP-852 Channel User's Guide

1. iii 36 IP 852 Deyice Ports isc so aladino a 37 Creating a Virtual Wire i 38 DHCP rtiidal li eil etic 40 DHCP Servers azliata zen mien dela Gina ae Aaa ail 41 ISP Address Allocation ii 42 IN ERROR E EE E E A E E E E O A EE 42 DNS and the Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server 43 Linking DNS lt and DHEPR anian li aaa 44 Dynamic DNS tire i a a ia riesi 45 How DDNS Works siiusiiiaiala ipa 45 Appendix A Troubleshooting 47 Common Troubleshooting Problems i 48 il IP 852 Channel User s Guide Introduction This chapter provides an introduction to IP 852 channels and describes the devices you can use to create and manage these channels IP 852 Channel User s Guide 1 Introduction to the IP 852 Channel Traditionally LONWORKS networks operate over dedicated network wiring such as twisted pair A given segment of wiring is referred to as a channel With the introduction of LNS 3 01 and the zLON 1000 Internet Server as well as that of the 7 LON 600 LONWORKS IP Server and the LON 100 Internet Server a new kind of channel has been created the IP 852 channel Unlike traditional LONWORKS channels that use a dedicated physical wire to create connections between the devices on the channel an IP 852 channel uses a shared IP network to connect devices and is defined by a group of IP addresses These addresses form a virtual wire between the devices on the IP 85
2. Rename Channel Device Properties Rename Device New Channel Disable Device New Device a aa New NAT Firewall emove Device Remove Channel Replace Device Update Device ing elica Time Check Device Time Check Members Diagnose Device Diagnose Channel Dump to Log Figure 2 6 Configuration Server Update Members and Update Device When you select Update Members or Update Device a communication process starts between the Configuration Server and the devices that you added to the channel For standard channels this process conforms to the CEA 852 protocol standard For backward compatible channels the protocol used is not strictly compatible with the CEA 852 standard although it is very similar You can view this process by clicking the Show Log button FE Log Echelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server Going On Net for n New Channel 09 15 09 29 23 Going On Net for channel New Channel 1 09 15 09 29 23 Creating new Channel Membership packet for channel New Cham 09 15 09 29 23 Sending Request Device Version packet to New Device 10 2 09 15 09 29 23 Sending Request Device Mode packet to New Device 10 2 11 09 15 09 29 23 Sending Request Device Configuration packet to New Device 09 15 09 29 24 Automatic DNS Update task started 09 15 09 29 24 UDP Socket Read Error 10054 09 15 09 29 24 UDP Socket Read Error 10054 09 15 09 29 24 UDP Socke
3. required for LON 1000 and LNS 3 0x Standard ElA 852 Extended Firewall Support m Session Statistics Device Registration Packets Received 0 Channel Membership Packets Sent 0 Channel Routing Packets Received 0 Figure 3 1 New Channel Properties Dialog Box Table 8 1 describes each channel mode Table 3 1 Channel Modes Setting Description Backward You must enable this option if your channel will contain Compatible any i LON 1000 servers or LNS 3 0x LONWORKS IP network interfaces This causes the IP 852 device to operate using a protocol that is compatible with these devices but is not strictly CEA 852 compliant In backward compatible mode you can use a maximum of 40 devices You can only have one device located behind each NAT firewall the i LON 1000 and LNS 3 0x devices cannot be located behind a NAT firewall and you cannot have duplicate IP addresses or duplicate port assignments IP 852 Channel User s Guide Setting Description Standard EIA 852 Select this option when using a standard LONWORKS channel You can use a maximum of 256 devices per channel in Standard EIA 852 mode Note EIA 852 was the former name for the current CEA 852 standard When using this mode you can only have one device located behind each NAT firewall The IP address including the port assignment must be unique Extended Firewall Support Echelon recommends setti
4. The Configuration Server has not yet attempted to communicate with the IP 852 device The Configuration Server may be busy communicating with other channel members this is common on a large channel If the Configuration Server appears not to be attempting communication click on the Show Log button and monitor the progress Select Update Members from the Channel menu IP 852 Channel User s Guide Designing a LonMaker Network Containing IP 852 Channels IP 852 devices allow you to connect an FT 10 TP 1250 or PL 20 channel to an IP 852 channel for transporting LONWORKS packets over IP Once the IP 852 channel has been established as described in the previous section you must define the IP 852 device using the LonMaker Integration Tool A IMPORTANT The Configuration Server must be running when you configure IP 852 devices using a LONWORKS network management tool such as LonMaker Echelon recommends that you keep the Configuration Server running at all times Figure 2 8 shows an example of a LONWORKS network that contains a IP 852 channel Note that if you are running LonMaker version 3 0 or higher your LonMaker PC can be a part of the IP 852 channel by connecting it to the Ethernet rather than an FT 10 channel Configuration Channel 2 5 Server LonMaker PC Channel 1 FT Channel 3 IP or or an iLON 600 iLON 600 lan N II Figure 2 8 Typical Network Contain
5. source addresses are translated from private to public For inbound packets destination addresses are translated from public to private Configuration Server PC 0000 NAT Gateway nooo NAT Gateway iLON 600 iLON 600 Figure 4 1 IP 852 Devices Communicating Through Two NAT Gateways An IP 852 device may be placed behind an NAT gateway or firewall and can communicate with another IP 852 device placed behind another NAT gateway as shown in Figure 4 1 The port by default 1628 that the IP 852 device uses to communicate with its peers and the Configuration Server must be opened mapped and properly forwarded See your NAT gateway s user manual for details on how to setup port forwarding sometimes called static port mapping on your particular NAT gateway Once the ports are mapped on the NAT gateway setting up an IP 852 channel is much like the procedure described in Chapter 2 with the exception that additional entries are added to the Configuration Server s device tree for each of the NAT gateways Setting Up an IP 852 Channel With NAT 34 To setup an IP 852 channel that spans NAT gateways start the Configuration Server and perform the following steps 1 Select New NAT Firewall from the Channel menu 2 Enter a descriptive name for your NAT firewall and press Enter 3 Double click on the new NAT firewall or right click and select NAT Firewall Properties and enter the IP addre
6. ECHELON IP 852 Channel User s Guide 078 0312 01A Echelon LONWORKS LonTalk and the Echelon logo are trademarks of Echelon Corporation registered in the United States and other countries LonMaker LNS and LON are trademarks of Echelon Corporation Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Neuron Chips and other OEM Products were not designed for use in equipment or systems which involve danger to human health or safety or a risk of property damage and Echelon assumes no responsibility or liability for use of the Neuron Chips in such applications Parts manufactured by vendors other than Echelon and referenced in this document have been described for illustrative purposes only and may not have been tested by Echelon It is the responsibility of the customer to determine the suitability of these parts for each application ECHELON MAKES AND YOU RECEIVE NO WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS EXPRESS IMPLIED STATUTORY OR IN ANY COMMUNICATION WITH YOU AND ECHELON SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Echelon Corporation Printed in the United States of America Copyright 2002 20
7. containing 1 LON 1000 Internet Servers or LNS 3 01 PC s operate in backward compatibility mode and are limited to 40 devices 7 Right click on the new device and select Rename Device from the shortcut menu to enter a name for the device Then right click the device again and select Device Properties The device properties dialog opens iLON600_1 Properties xj Address Statistics Protocol LLON Time Zone SNTP IP address or host name Port Unique IDs Device is enabled Last Server Communication Cancel Apply Help Figure 2 4 Configuration Server Device Properties Address Tab 8 Enter the IP address of the IP 852 device obtained from your network administrator and click Apply This is the same address that you assigned to the IP 852 device using the setup Web pages If you use a host name it must be registered in a DNS server that is available to the Configuration Server PC IP 852 Channel User s Guide 11 New Device Properties Da DS x Address Statistics LON Config SNTP Address Statistics Protocol iLON Time Zone SNTP M SNTP Servers m Performance Primary Port IV Agoregation fi 6 MS fo 0 0 0 fi 23 re IO Bandwidth Limit ooo KB sec F Use 7 015 Value Binary Secondary Port fo 0 0 0 E M Reorder Packets g MS F Use the SNTP server on device MW Use Channel Default Cancel Apply Help Cancel Apply Help Figure
8. routers commission successfully but the device on the far side of ILONRTR_2 the DI 10 LonPoint device does not install correctly There is a problem with the IP 852 channel or the device being installed Verify that the far router is online Test devices on the far side channel using the LonMaker Test command If the test succeeds for any other device on the far channel the IP 852 channel is working and the improperly working device may not be installed correctly If no test succeeds verify connectivity between the IP 852 devices in the main dialog status window of the Configuration Server 18 IP 852 Channel User s Guide Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action An IP 852 device added to an IP 852 channel using the Configuration Server remains red in the device tree IP connectivity problem the Configuration Server is not able to communicate with the IP 852 device on the defined IP 852 channel Verify that the PC running the Configuration Server can ping the IP 852 device To perform a ping open the Windows Command Prompt in the Accessories menu and type ping X X X X the device s IP address You should receive a reply from your device Examine the Configuration Server trace window for clues as to what may be going wrong Verify that you can ping the Configuration Server PC or members of the IP 852 channel using the Windows Command Prompt The IP 85
9. virtual wire The Configuration Server creates this virtual wire 38 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 131 23 203 17 Home Home Network A Network B PEON 600 NAT NAT i LON 600 Gateway Gateway 192 168 1 102 10 1 1 8 FT Channel 192 168 1 1 10 1 1 1 FT Channel New York Figure 4 6 Creating a Virtual Wire The Configuration Server is aware of NAT gateways and you should enter each NAT gateway in your system as you create your IP 852 channel virtual wire In Figure 4 6 the Configuration Server could be configured as shown below Re Echelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server File Channel Device NAT Firewall View Network Help New Channel 72 Configuration Server Device Information Device Int Address 0 0 0 0 1628 WHE 131 23 203 17 Device Ext Address 0 0 0 0 1628 fy iLON A192 168 1 102 Device Type Unknown BRE 24 1 7 65 Device Configuration Undefined iLON B 10 1 1 8 Status Device is enabled x x x No Registration Message has been Th Orphans received for this device Network Enabled Show Log Exit Figure 4 7 Configuration Server Setup IP 852 Channel User s Guide 39 Note that the diagnostic information provided about the IP 852 devices indicated by the varying IP 852 device icon colors is more complete than the diagnostics provided by the changing colors of the NAT gateways The Configuration Server cannot acquire the same level of dia
10. 2 5 Configuration Server Device Properties SNTP and Protocol Tabs 9 Click the SNTP tab and then select the Use Channel Default checkbox 10 Click the Protocol tab and then select the Use Channel Default checkbox 11 Click the i LON Time Zone tab and then set the time zone to correspond with the geographical area of the device 12 Click Apply 13 Repeat steps 6 12 for each device you want to add to the IP 852 channel You may want to change the device s settings e g IP address local port etc later When doing so Echelon recommends that you update the device s configuration with the device software before modifying the device s settings in the Configuration Server The Configuration Server must be running when you modify the device s configuration with the device software Echelon recommends that you keep the Configuration Server running at all times 14 From the Configuration Server dialog select Update Members from the Channel menu or Update Device from the Device menu The Configuration Server automatically attempts to set up the device s routing tables by updating all members of the channel with the current channel configuration and membership IP 852 Channel User s Guide WeEchelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server WEchelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server File Channel Device WAT Firewall View Network File Channel Device MAT Firewall View Networl Channel Properties
11. group for the device you are configuring and then click on LONWORKS IP Configuration Server The Configuration Server main dialog opens IP 852 Channel User s Guide R Echelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server Channel Device MAT Firewall View Network Help Sa Orphans Channel Description Th New Channel Server Address 10 5 250 17 1629 fs Configuration Server Channel Mode Standard El4 852 uthentication Disabled Total Devices 0 ctive Devices 0 Disabled Devices 0 Devices Not Responding 0 Network Enabled Show Log Exit Figure 2 2 Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server 3 Verify that the Configuration Server is attached to your IP network The Network status box should indicate Enabled If it does not select Enabled from the Network menu The Configuration Server should correctly detect and display the IP address of your PC in the Channel Description window To verify the Configuration Server PC s IP address select Settings from the Network menu and confirm that the Configuration Server s IP address is shown in the Local IP Address or host name field IP 852 Channel User s Guide 10 Network Settings xj Network Settings SNTP IP Host Names IP address or host name f 0 5 250 17 Local IP Set All Channels Time Check Limit fi 000 MS Figure 2 3 Configuration Server Network Settings 4 If your PC has more than
12. one IP address assigned to it you can select which IP address should be used by the Configuration Server with the Local IP button On the main dialog shown in Figure 2 3 the New Channel s Server Address is set to 10 5 250 17 The defaults for the channel properties should work in cases where network delays are low If you anticipate large delays in the IP segment many routers hops or slow media segments you may want to adjust the channel property settings and or use SNTP time servers to synchronize LONWORKS IP member devices See Chapter 3 P 852 Channel Parameters for more information on this Configure your channel mode by right clicking on the New Channel icon and selecting Properties from the menu Select either Backward Compatible Standard EIA 852 or Extended Firewall Support mode See the Channel Mode section in Chapter 3 for more detailed information on these settings From the Configuration Server main dialog right click on the new channel and select New Device from the shortcut menu An icon representing a LONWORKS IP device is added to the channel This device could be any of the IP 852 devices described in this document an 1 LON 100 Internet Server an LLON 600 LONWORKS IP Server an LON 1000 Internet Server a LONWORKS IP interface on a PC running LNS 3 01 or higher IP 852 Channel User s Guide Each channel may contain up to 256 devices if you are only using devices that support the CEA 852 standard Channels
13. single computer to run multiple services For example www echelon com can run both a web server and an FTP server It could also run a time server and other applications as well Each service may be assigned different ports For example Internet Explorer uses port 80 as its default when it accesses http www echelon com and maps the address as 205 229 51 8 80 When accessing an FTP client Internet Explorer will use port 21 so ftp www echelon com will map to 205 229 51 8 21 Both the browser and the FTP client may simultaneously access www echelon com because the requests are differentiated by port Most businesses use port 80 for their web site so customers have easy access to their Web sites However if you wanted to host a less public site you could assign it a non standard port number For example you could use www mycompany com to attract a wide audience to your business or you could assign your URL a non standard port www mycompany com 81 to hide your Web site from the general public Note that changing ports does not provide security to your Web site so other methods of security must be used for servers that contain sensitive information Another reason to use non standard ports is to allow access from the Internet to one of your home PCs IP 852 Channel User s Guide The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority TANA lists common or well known ports as well as registered and dynamic ports See www iana org assignments po
14. 05 Echelon Corporation Echelon Corporation www echelon com Purpose An IP 852 channel uses a shared IP network to connect devices and is defined by a group of IP addresses These addresses form a virtual wire that the devices on the channel use in the same way they use traditional dedicated twisted pair wiring This document provides information you will need when creating an IP 852 channel with an 7 LON 100 Internet Server LON 600 LONWORKS IP Server an LON 1000 Internet Server or an LNS server This includes instructions you can follow when configuring the IP 852 channel with the Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server and guidelines to follow when using NAT DNS or DHCP on the IP 852 channel Audience This document is intended for Echelon customers OEMs and system designers and integrators with knowledge of control systems and IP networking Related Documentation The LON 100 e3 User s Guide and 1LON 100 e3 HardwareGuide documents describe how to install and use the LON 100 Internet Server The LON 600 LONWORKSIP Server User s Guide describes how to use the LON 600 LONWORKS IP Server The LNS Programmer s Guide describes how to create LNS applications you could use to manage or monitor and control devices on an IP 852 channel You can download these documents from Echelon s Web site at www echelon com IP 852 Channel User s Guide 1 Table of Contents PUTPOSSII E LIRE RIO IRR NI LE nati 1
15. 2 channel This document describes how to use 7 LON 600 LONWORKS IP Servers 7 LON 100 Internet Servers and LON 1000 Internet Servers as routers on IP 852 channels These devices as well as PCs running LNS 3 01 or higher use the virtual wire created by an IP 852 channel in the same way they use traditional dedicated twisted pair wiring In this document these devices are referred to collectively as P 852 devices The concept of an IP 852 channel is similar to a Virtual Private Network VPN Each IP 852 device in the system is aware of its peers and each IP 852 device keeps peer information in its routing tables so it can forward LONWORKS packets to the correct IP address Figure 1 1 shows a typical channel configuration in which 3 LON 100 servers are used to create an IP 852 channel connecting three TP FT 10 channels each of which contains the devices installed on a different floor in a building The circled portion of the diagram represents the IP 852 channel the virtual IP based connection between the three 7 LON 100 servers As a result of this connection a single application can connect to devices on all three of the TP FT 10 channels in the building and monitor and control the entire building 2 IP 852 Channel User s Guide IP 852 hee N a Channel i TT I alice af ee Floor C Floor mea Channel FT 10 One Channel Figure 1 1 An IP 852 Channel You will notice that Figure 1 1 con
16. 2 device on the IP 852 channel pings successfully but will not commission Address translation may take place somewhere between the two devices The router application does not exist Make sure that the IP address of the target IP 852 device matches the IP address defined for it in the Configuration Server If you are using an 7 LON 600 server determine if the router application exists by using the listapp command in the Console Application Create the router app with the createapp Router command if it does not exist If you are using an LON 100 server make sure the device is licensed and configured to operate as an IP 852 router IP 852 Channel User s Guide 19 20 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 3 IP 852 Channel Parameters This chapter provides details on the channel parameters you can set when creating an IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server IP 852 Channel User s Guide 21 Channel Mode 22 You can set the IP 852 device channel mode using one of three radio buttons in the New Channel Properties dialog box To access the New Channel Properties dialog box start the Configuration Server right click the New Channel icon and then select Channel Properties from the shortcut menu x Genti Protocol SNTP Default Channel Description I IP address or host name Port 10 5 250 17 1629 Local IP Use Dynamic Port 7 rm Channel Mode C Backward Compatible
17. AUDIENCE iaia i ae aree dee aiar 1 Related Documentation i 1 Table of Contents iit ni Avein Ausili dal isa aa i il 1 Introduction 1 Introduction to the IP 852 Channel 2 Document Roadmap 5 2 Creating an IP 852 Channel 7 Creating an IP 852 Channel 8 Designing a LonMaker Network Containing IP 852 Channels 15 Defining an IP 852 Device as a LONWORKS Router 15 Verifying Router Functionality 17 3 IP 852 Channel Parameters Di Channel Mod ina ican iin iain cantina 22 ASSP ESAULON AAE E E O sunbscne ved Aa aiar 23 MD 5 Authenticationi i iuzolegan ia sci i a at 24 IP 852 Channel Timing Considerations 26 Channel Timeout aan vee rire 27 Channel Delay sive ro i e a e i RE RR 27 Packet Reorder Timer ii 27 Using SNTP When Creating IP 852 Channels i 28 Specifying System SNTP Servers 28 Specifying SNTP Servers for a Channel or Device 29 Using a Third Party SNTP Client on the Configuration Server Posso alii ai eli nih nein c lin plenniole sila 30 Choosing an SNTP Server i 30 4 Using NAT DHCP amp DNS on an IP 852 Channel 33 Network Address Translation NAT li 34 Setting Up an IP 852 Channel With NAT iii 34 NAT Example Simple Home Network 35 Ports and Port Mapping
18. By default the Configuration Server will periodically once every five minutes attempt to resolve any IP host name on all channels including SNTP server with a DNS server If a translation is successful and the resulting IP address is different than what was previously used the channel members will be updated This re translation process also occurs when the Configuration Server is first started Therefore if you want to reference your IP 852 devices only by DNS name you must leave the Configuration Server running on your network The Configuration Server will periodically query the DNS server to verify that all hard IP addresses are still correct as described previously If a device s IP address changes the Configuration Server will eventually become aware of the change and update its configuration However it is still possible that changing a device s IP address could disrupt communication on your IP 852 channel before the Configuration Server becomes aware of the change As a result you should not rely on DNS to resolve LON IP addresses Echelon recommends that you use static addresses that do not change Linking DNS and DHCP 44 DNS and DHCP are separate standards A network can use DNS without using DHCP and vice versa You can however link DNS and DHCP servers in a single network so that all IP addresses on the network could be allocated dynamically but still be referenced by name While this can work for private networ
19. Configuration Server This section describes how to do so using an example network with two devices on an IP backbone to illustrate the process In Figure 2 1 a LONWORKS device on channel 1 is bound to a device on channel 3 across an IP backbone The PC running the Configuration Server resides on channel 2 and has access to both IP 852 devices through an IP connection The PC running the LonMaker software is connected to channel 1 To simplify the network you can run the LonMaker software and the Configuration Server software on a single PC Channel 2 Config Server PC Channel 1 FT Channel 3 IP ee EN iLON 600 iLON 600 ZN Na e LonMaker PC with PCC 10 Card laptop or PCLTA Card desktop Figure 2 1 Setting Up an IP 852 Channel To create a network like the one illustrated in Figure 2 1 follow the steps below 1 Set the IP address subnet mask and default gateway for all the IP 852 devices you plan to use on the channel In Figure 2 1 the two IP 852 devices are 1 LON 600 LONWORKS IP Servers although your network could contain any number of the IP 852 devices described in this document Consult the documentation for your IP 852 device for instructions on how to perform this step 2 Start the Configuration Server application From the Windows desktop click on Start choose Programs select the Echelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server program
20. IP 852 Channel User s Guide e Ask your network administrator for the IP address of an SNTP server in your corporate network e Connect to a time server on the Internet There are many available public access servers a comprehensive list may be found at http ntp isc org bin view Servers StratumTwoTimeServers e Install an SNTP server on any PC in your LAN You can use the same PC on which the Configuration Server is installed One option is Tardis2000 shareware available from http www kaska demon co uk You can configure the software to synchronize with any other SNTP server or use local time on the PC by setting Tardis2000 to use the loop back address 127 0 0 1 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 31 32 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 4 Using NAT DHCP amp DNS on an IP 852 Channel This chapter describes considerations you should make when using NAT DHCP and DNS on an IP 852 channel IP 852 Channel User s Guide 33 Network Address Translation NAT Network Address Translation NAT allows multiple computers hosts to share a single IP address The address is normally set up at the gateway between a private network and the Internet allowing the computers on the private network to share a global ISP assigned address This is achieved by modifying the headers of each packet traveling through the NAT gateway At a minimum an IP address in each packet header is replaced translated For outbound packets to the Internet
21. TP Servers for a Channel or Device All channels default to the SNTP server specified for the system as described above and all devices default to the SNTP server specified for the channel i e the System SNTP Server if the Channel SNTP server is not changed Each channel and device in the network can be configured to synchronize to a different SNTP time server To specify SNTP servers for a channel or device follow these steps 1 Select the channel or device in the main dialog of the Configuration Server and then right click the device and select Properties from the shortcut menu or double click the desired channel or device Click on the SNTP tab 2 Clear the Use System Default or Use Channel Default option and enter the IP addresses or host names of the SNTP servers as shown in Figure 3 5 Leave the default port numbers of 123 x x Address Statistics Protocol iLON Time Zone SNTP Protocol SNTP gt SNTP Servers Ship Senet Primary Port Eimay Foe 10 1 3 140 123 f10 1 3 129 123 Secondary Port Secondary Port 0 0 0 0 123 0 0 0 0 123 IV Use the SNTP server on device IV Use the SNTP server on device I Use System Default I Use Channel Default Cancel Apply Help Figure 3 5 SNTP Server Configuration for a Device and Channel Cancel Apply Help 3 Click OK to save and return to the main dialog IP 852 Channel User s Guide 29 Using a Third Party SNTP Client on the Configuration Serve
22. because each time you change the IP address you need to contact the registrar to setup the new address name pair across the Internet This may take up to two days for an address name pair to propagate through the entire Internet To set the Configuration Server automatic IP host name address translation follow these steps 1 Select Settings from the Network menu in the Configuration Server and click on the IP Host Names tab x Network Settings SNTP IP Host Nand V Enable Continuous IP Host Name Translation Update every 5 minutes Cancel Help Figure 4 9 IP Host Names Tab 2 Check or uncheck the Enable Continuous IP Host Names Translation check box and specify an update interval time if applicable 8 To issue and immediate IP word based address translation select Translate IP Host Names from the Network menu This will perform a retranslation on all channels NOTE When using this option the local DNS server and the Configuration Server must be continuously running DNS and the Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server When you type myilon echelon com 1628 into the Configuration Server instead of 205 229 51 11 1628 the Configuration Server goes to the local DNS server defined on that PC to resolve myilon echelon com to a numeric IP IP 852 Channel User s Guide 43 address and then sends that address to all IP 852 devices on your IP 852 channel This works until one of the IP addresses changes
23. can be used to diagnose common problems that could occur when you create an IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server 47 Common Troubleshooting Problems 48 The following lists the most common problems encountered when creating and configuring an IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server Disabled IP 852 devices will not configure properly when the Configuration Server is taken off the network If you reattached the Configuration Server and select Update Members the IP 852 device is still not configured properly e To solve this problem you must disable your IP 852 device while the Configuration Server is still attached to your network The device icons in the Configuration Server do not turn green e This is usually an indication that the Configuration Server cannot communicate with the device Verify that the NAT gateways are properly setup to forward ports 1628 amp 1629 I cannot view an LON 100 or LON 600 server s Setup Web page e IP 852 devices have a built in web server used for setup that communicates on port 80 by default If you want to access the LON from outside your NAT gateway be sure that the NAT gateway is configured to forward port 80 to your IP 852 device PCs using DHCP cannot communicate with an IP 852 device using Ethernet direct connect e Communication with the IP 852 device may be lost if you use DHCP and direct connect using an Ethernet cable and then unplug the IP 852 device Whe
24. could be compromised PCs running LNS 3 01 and higher incorporate the same routing intelligence as an LON 600 LONWORKS IP Server or an LON 100 Internet Server Therefore PCs running LNS version 3 01 or higher can be directly connected as a member of the IP 852 channel side of any 1 LON 600 LONWORKS IP Server LLON 100 Internet Server or LON 1000 Internet Server This allows topologies like the one shown in Figure 1 3 FT 10 I ee a ook LLON Wy YY NS ET x_ LON py eS Da N SES LNS 3 01 Workstation ea y FT 10 Oe jj SShesesane il nI Figure 1 3 IP 852 Device and LNS 3 01 Workstation on an IP 852 Channel A complete installation may contain many IP 852 devices and PCs all sharing a single IP 852 channel Because the IP 852 channel can exist on any IP network a system may now span the entire globe as easily as it once spanned a single building as shown in Figure 1 4 IP 852 Channel User s Guide Building 1 New York Building 2 London FRS ST GH Jod Nf eT ar og TP XF 1250 i LON LNS 3 Workstation p 2 Va x LonWorks IP Channel FT 10 JETP 4 NEON Ser dl ol Ng ag Figure 1 4 Large LONWORKS Network using an IP 852 Channel NOTE A single IP 852 cha
25. de users to go to 131 23 203 17 80 or 131 23 203 17 81 to view your web pages Similarly if you wanted to include your home IP 852 device in an IP 852 channel you would enable static port mapping on the NAT gateway and enter 131 23 203 17 1628 in the Configuration Server The packets on the channel would flow unimpeded You will run into problems with your network if your ISP does not offer static addresses Even if static port mapping is enabled on your NAT gateway you may not be able to access computers within your home because the house IP address provided by the ISP may change unpredictably This is a common problem As a result Echelon recommends that you use a static IP address for both your NAT gateway and the LON in your home DNS is a mechanism that translates an IP host name like www echelon com into a numeric IP address like 205 229 51 8 For example when you enter www echelon com in your web browser your web browser queries a DNS server to find the IP address It then requests the home page from the numeric IP address not the IP host name Because the process is transparent many people are not aware of the existence of numeric IP addresses Note that IP host names are usually used to reference servers such as a Web server www echelon com a database server or a file server Because these servers are fixed assets they are usually assigned a static IP address That static IP address is also entered into a DNS server so
26. e public MD5 algorithm to compute a digest over each LONWORKS packet in the UDP payload For standard channels the packet format is described in the CEA 852 protocol standard for sending LONWORKS packets over IP The computed digest is appended to the end of the packet and the packet is sent over the network Authentication digests are appended to both LONWORKS data packets and Configuration Server control packets One or more IP 852 devices receive the packet and use their authentication key to compute a IP 852 Channel User s Guide digest over the same payload not including the appended digest The receiving IP 852 device compares the digest it computed to the one that was sent in the packet If the digests match the packet is authentic If the digests do not match the packet is considered to have been corrupted tampered with or otherwise unacceptable and is discarded The digest includes the entire packet which contains a time stamp for preventing replay attacks when used in conjunction with a configured channel timeout value For more information on the MD5 algorithm refer to RFC 1321 NOTE MD5 authentication should not be confused with authenticated LONWORKS messaging MD5 authentication applies to IP packets authenticated LONWORKS messaging applies to LONWORKS packets The authentication key consisting of 16 HEX pairs is set for each IP 852 device using the device s configuration interface e g Web pages Authentication
27. el iLONRTR_1 and one connecting FT 10 Channel 2 1LONRTR_2 to the IP channel Follow the LonMaker convention Channel A of a router is the side closest to the LNS Network Interface Channel A of 1LONRTR_1 is attached to FT 10 Channel 1 and Channel Bis attached to ZP Channel Channel A of ILONRTR_2Zis attached to ZP Channel and Channel Bis attached to FT 10 Channel 2 4 Commission the IP 852 device RTR_1 and IP 852 device RTR_2 Routers and leave them in the Online state If your IP network contains large latencies you may need to change the network timing properties as described in Chapter 8 Be sure the Configuration Server is running when you commission the IP 852 device routers or make any other changes to your LONWORKS network such as adding or deleting devices or connections Echelon recommends that you keep the Configuration Server running at all times Once the IP 852 devices have been installed and commissioned you can add devices functional blocks and connections just as you would in any LonMaker network See the LonMaker User s Guide for more information For example Figure 2 10 shows the network described above with a DI 10 LonPoint device added to FT 10 Channel 1 and one of the digital output network variables from the DI 10 device bound to a DO device connected to channel 2 switch band to lamp IP 852 Channel User s Guide FT 10 Channel 1 IP Channel FT 10 Channel 2 Figure 2 10 IP 852 Device R
28. elay is a high percentage of the channel timeout or channel delay add twice the aggregation delay to the Channel Delay and one times the aggregation delay to the Channel Timeout Use the ping command from a DOS window to obtain the average ping delay Do not use the ping command in the IP 852 device Console Application IP 852 Channel User s Guide Channel Timeout The channel timeout property sets the delay for a packet to travel across a channel The assigned delay is a time parameter set in milliseconds that indicates how old a packet can be before it is discarded If you are sending packets across a virtual private network or any configuration that uses the Internet set the Channel Timeout parameter to the average ping delay Synchronize the IP 852 device routers with an SNTP time server Set the channel timeout parameter to a value in relation with the ping delay specified in Table 3 2 In a LONWORKS network each channel is assigned a cost defined as the round trip delay for a packet traveling across that channel The channel delay is based on a combination of bit rate packet size and media access Generally you should set the channel timeout on your IP 852 channel to more than half the channel delay value Echelon recommends setting a channel timeout when using MD5 authentication When using MD5 authentication start with a minimumchannel timeout of 100 ms and a channel delay of 200 ms Factors in determining the Channel Timeo
29. esses and makes sure that no two requestors are given the same address This greatly simplifies the job of the network administrator but in the case of web servers or IP 852 devices can create some difficulties The DHCP server resides on the network and assigns IP addresses When you select Automatically Obtain IP Address in the configuration Web pages for an LON 100 or LON 600 server you are asking Windows to get its IP address from a local DHCP server DHCP is commonly used for workstations but seldom used for servers For example your company s web server likely has a static IP address instead of a DHCP assigned address DHCP addresses are assigned in the order computers are powered on Computer 1 may be assigned address 100 computer 2 may be assigned address 101 computer 3 may be assigned address 102 and so on If computers are powered down and then later restarted there is no guarantee that they will receive the same address This is a problem if you want to setup a communication channel between a set of computers as is done when creating an IP 852 channel In an IP 852 channel each device knows the addresses of other devices on the network If those addresses change because a peer was power cycled then all members of the group need to be updated with the new IP address This is easily accomplished by updating an entry in the Configuration Server but the process is manual which makes it 40 IP 852 Channel User s Guide imp
30. gnostic information about an NAT gateway as it can about IP 852 devices See Table 2 1 for the descriptions of the different Configuration Server icon colors The Configuration Server acts as a relay station for all information pertaining to channel members including which LonTalk subnets are on the far side of which IP address Whenever a LonTalk routing table changes this can happen while making a network variable connection or a new member is added to the IP 852 channel virtual wire the Configuration Server relays this information to all devices on the channel that need to know Once all channel devices have been inaugurated into the IP 852 channel and all LonWorks device installations and connections have been made you can shut down the Configuration Server software though Echelon recommends leaving it running DHCP For small networks manually configuring the IP address of each device on the network is fairly simple However as the number of computers on your network grows assigning each computer on the network its own IP address can be cumbersome To solve this problem a system called Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP was created to automatically assign network computers an IP address Most computers use DHCP With DHCP computers broadcast a message on the local network asking the DHCP server to assign them an address instead of using a pre defined address The DHCP server stores a list of the assigned addr
31. he PC and the IP 852 device so that their time bases can be synchronized When synchronized the yellow icon should turn green Red Communication with the device has failed The Configuration Server cannot communicate with the IP 852 device This usually occurs when no response is received from a device to which a request was made This may happen if the IP 852 device is powered down disconnected from the IP network or has been configured improperly with the wrong IP address subnet mask gateway etc It may also occur if an intervening NAT gateway has not been configured to statically map ports to the IP 852 device as described above Make sure that all security and IP settings are configured properly Orange The IP 852 device s configuration is out of date or the IP address has not been specified 0 0 0 0 This indicates work in progress When the Configuration Server updates the IP 852 device the icon will turn green Note that in a large channel gt 40 devices this can take several minutes Also note that changing a bind in LonMaker can require that the routing tables in EVERY LON be updated In this case you may see many icons turn orange and then one by one turn green again when their routing tables have been updated Red White Checkerboard Disabled Typically the user right clicked on the IP 852 device in the Configuration Server tree and selected Disable Device from the pop up menu Cyan
32. he router will wait for packets The resolution of the timer depends on the particular IP 852 devices used but for the i LON 600 andi LON 100 servers it isin multiples of 10 milliseconds The default aggregation time is 16 milliseconds which is compatible with the i LON 1000 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 23 24 New Channel Properties x General Protocol SNTF r Performance ly Aggregation T Use T 0 5 Value IV Reorder Packets 64 MS MD5 Authentication Enter 16 HEX pairs TT Authenticate pm TTT Channel Timeout TT Use Timeout o MS Cancel Apply Help Figure 3 2 Aggregation Settings If the network is idle and a single LONWORKS packet arrives at the IP 852 device the aggregation timer starts and the first packet is sent across the IP channel without delay If the network remains idle the timer resets However if another LONWORKS packet arrives within the aggregation time period the router waits the designated time for subsequent packets to arrive anticipating a burst so it can aggregate before sending them onto the IP channel MD5 Authentication MD5 authentication is a channel wide property that uses an authentication key to set security on an IP 852 channel The authentication key is used to calculate the MD5 digest When authentication is enabled and the IP 852 device prepares to send an IP packet the IP 852 device uses the authentication key and th
33. heck box and click Apply IP 852 Channel Timing Considerations 26 When designing an IP 852 channel over an IP network that might have a large latency such as the Internet it is important to be aware of the relationship between the three timing parameters that can be set when configuring the channel Two of the timing parameters Channel Timeout and Reorder Packets are set for the IP 852 channel through the Configuration Server Channel Delay is set through an LNS based tool such as the LonMaker tool On local area networks Channel Timeout is required only if MD5 Authentication is used Reorder Packets should be disabled on a LAN and the LonMaker Channel Delay for the channel should be set to twice the aggregation timer On networks using the Internet Channel Timeout and Reorder Packets must consider the value of the LonMaker Channel Delay parameter Table 3 2 specifies how to approximate the timing values for network implementations using the Internet Table 3 2 Timing Parameter Calculations for Internet IP 852 Channels Timing Parameter Set to Channel Timeout Average Ping Delay 2 20 A typical LAN based channel will require at least a 50 ms delay and a typical WAN based channel will require at least a 100 ms delay Packet Reorder Timer The lesser of of Channel Timeout Value or 64 MS LonMaker Channel Average Ping Delay 10 Delay If you are using aggregation and the aggregation d
34. ing an IP 852 Channel Defining an IP 852 Device as a LONWORKS Router The following procedure illustrates how to create the LONWORKS network described in Figure 2 8 using the LonMaker Integration Tool For more information on the LonMaker tool see the LonMaker User s Guide 1 With the Configuration Server running create a new LonMaker network Change the name of Channel 1 to FT 10 Channel 1 and assign TP FT 10 as the transceiver type in the Channel s properties IP 852 Channel User s Guide 15 16 ilon600 Echelon LonMaker ilon600 vsd Subsystem 1 2B la x File gdt View Insert Format Tools Shape LonMaker Window Help Type a question for hep EEEX D SHSASRY BBS ooa ERRA l l Normal Arial it B Z U s jSs AS So EE N Normal Normal No Lay ix Q m Ev Noma Shapes E LonPoint Shapes 3 0 E NodeBuilder Basic Shapes 3 10 4240 dx3 Y40 M33N Figure 2 9 Creating a New Channel Using LonMaker 2 Drop channel shapes onto the drawing representing the ZP Channel and FT 10 Channel 2 For the IP Channel specify IP 10L if using a local IP network or IP 10W if using a wide area IP network such as the Internet for the Transceiver Type in the Channel s properties For FT 10 Channel 2 assign TP FT 10 as the Transceiver Type 8 Drop two LONWORKS Router shapes onto the drawing one connecting FT 10 Channel 1 to IP Chann
35. is enabled and the authentication key set for the IP 852 channel through the Configuration Server To reset a lost authentication key you must obtain physical access to the device and reset the key through the device s configuration interface To enable authentication and set the authentication key on an IP 852 channel follow these steps 1 Select Channel Properties from the Configuration Server s Channel menu or right click on a channel and select Channel Properties Click the Protocol tab New Channel Properties x General Protocol SNTP Performance N V Aggregation TT Use T 0 S Value IV Reorder Packets e4 MS m MDS Authentication Enter 16 HEX pairs MV Authenticate AB F145E02B5CFFO01 9BEEFF145E0285C r Channel Timeout TT Use Timeout o MS Figure 3 3 Protocol Tab IP 852 Channel User s Guide 25 2 Select the Authenticate checkbox to enable authentication and then enter 16 HEX pairs that represent the MD5 authentication key into the entry field For example ABF145E02B5CFF0019BEEFF145E02B5C All authentication keys within a single network must match Be sure that you have previously entered the same authentication key on the IP 852 device defined on this channel using the Console Application or setup Web page When you have selected an authentication key click Apply To disable authentication on a channel that has authentication enabled clear the Authenticate c
36. ks usually within corporations it is not practical for the Internet If your IP 852 channel implementation is under your control and you have control of all DHCP and DNS servers referenced by the members of your IP 852 channel you can assign each device an IP address using DHCP without static reservations and resolve host names using DNS and the Configuration Server This section describes how you can do so Echelon does not recommend this method of configuring IP 852 channels NOTE The Configuration Server requires a single static IP address for all PCs running LNS version 3 01 or later that are connected to an IP 852 channel If you leave the Configuration Server attached to the IP 852 channel DNS resolvable addresses can be used If the IP network links its DHCP server and DNS server a Windows 2000 Server can do this then IP 852 devices can be setup to use DHCP assigned addresses However the Configuration Server s ability to resolve addresses through DNS is limited See the following section DNS and the Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Serverfor more information on this Dynamic DNS DDNS can also be used with the same precautions For more information on DDNS see Dynamic DNS on page 45 The CEA 852 specification requires that devices on an IP 852 channel share IP addresses instead of DNS resolvable names If an IP 852 device in a channel is aware of a peer at 131 1 23 52 and that peer changes addresses the IP 852 device
37. n you plug the Ethernet cable back into the IP 852 device Windows communicates with the SNTP server and searches for an IP address This action will fail To solve this problem assign your IP 852 device a static IP address and make any configuration changes Enable DHCP before re installing the IP 852 device onto your network I cannot access an IP 852 device with FTP e IP 852 devices have a built in FTP server that communicates on port 21 by default If you want to access the 1 LON using FTP from outside your NAT gateway be sure that the NAT gateway is configured to forward port 21 to your IP 852 device The Service LED on my LON 100 or LON 600 server is blinking what does this mean e The Service LED blinks when the 7 LON server is not commissioned When an LON server is added to a network and commissioned the Service LED will turn off How do I diagnose problems with the Configuration Server e Click on the Show Log button to display the Configuration Server log Right click on a device and select Diagnose Device Watch for any error or warning messages that appear in the log window To IP 852 Channel User s Guide simultaneously write the messages to a file click the Log File button and supply a file name Prog Echelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server Figure A 1 Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server Log IP 852 Channel User s Guide 49 ECHELON www echelon com
38. ng this option whenever your IP 852 channel crosses an IP firewall regardless of whether or not the firewall is using Network Address Translation NAT Depending on the particular firewall and its configuration this option may be required In addition this will allow you to place more than one LonWorks IP device behind an NAT firewall and to create multiple LNS LonWorks IP interfaces in the same channel using the same IP address but with different ports Without this option only one device may reside behind a NAT firewall and all devices on the channel must have unique IP addresses This option extends the CEA 852 protocol in a way that is not strictly compliant with that standard though it should still be compatible with other CEA 852 devices You can use up to 256 devices per channel in this mode Aggregation Click the Protocol tab and then select the Aggregation check box to enable aggregation on the IP 852 channel The IP 852 device router aggregates LONWORKS packets for transport over the IP channel LONWORKS packets are relatively small in size and often arrive at the IP 852 device router in bursts or at a high rate Aggregating packets decreases the bandwidth necessary to send packets over IP decreases IP network traffic and increases the performance of the IP 852 device router The IP 852 device router is set through the Configuration Server to use aggregation by default The aggregation time parameter controls how long t
39. nnel may contain up to 256 devices If your installation requires more than 256 devices you must create multiple IP 852 channels Document Roadmap The remainder of this document describes how to create an configure an IP 852 channel as described below Chapter 2 Creating an IP 852 Channel This chapter describes the steps to follow when creating an IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server Chapter 3 IP 852 Channel Parameters This chapter provides details on the settings you will choose from when configuring an IP 852 channel Chapter 4 Using NAT DHCP amp DNS on an IP 852 Channel This chapter describes considerations you should make when using NAT DHCP or DNS on an IP 852 channel Appendix A Troubleshooting This appendix describes how to resolve problems that may occur when creating and configuring your IP 852 channel IP 852 Channel User s Guide 5 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 2 Creating an IP 852 Channel This chapter describes how to create an IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server IP 852 Channel User s Guide 7 Creating an IP 852 Channel To create an IP 852 channel you must configure the IP 852 devices that are to be installed on the channel and enter information about each device in the Configuration Server The Configuration Server is installed with the software for the IP 852 device you are using Before proceeding make sure that you have installed the software and have access to the
40. our ISP forces the address to change even if the gateway is not power cycled The amount of time that a device may keep its address is called its lease DHCP servers lease an address for a period of time after which the lessee is supposed to go back and acquire another lease When using DDNS each time a new DHCP lease is given e g each time the PC s IP address changes the DDNS server is notified The DDNS server keeps track of each client s current address To let external users see the web server in your home instead of telling the registrar that www myhouse com is linked to 131 23 203 17 you tell the registrar that www myhouse com is linked to myhouse ddns org for example When an Internet user types in www myhouse com the Internet DNS server forwards the request to myhouse ddns org which forwards the request to the current IP address of your home The DDNS provider tracks any changes in your home s address and maps forwards any request for myhouse ddns org to your house s current IP address Because of its potential complications and its reliance on relatively small third party providers Echelon does not recommend using DDNS when constructing IP 852 channels Check the terms of service agreement with your ISP before using DDNS Some ISPs restrict using these services IP 852 Channel User s Guide 45 46 IP 852 Channel User s Guide IP 852 Channel User s Guide Appendix A Troubleshooting This appendix
41. outers Configured on a LONWORKS Network Verifving Router Functionality To verify that the IP 852 device in the network shown in Figure 2 10 are working correctly right click on the network variable connection between DI 10 switch functional block and DO 10 LED function block and select Monitor Input Value Verify that the value displayed on the connection in LonMaker is tracking the value of the Digital Output network variable in DI 10 functional block If you do not see network variable updates reported by LonMaker there is a problem Refer to Table 2 2 for troubleshooting information Table 2 2 Troubleshooting the IP 852 Device Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action No service pin message is received from the near router GLONRTR_1 in Figure 2 10 There is a problem with network connectivity or the network interface in the PC may not be functioning Test connectivity between the network interface driver and the network interface card in the PC using the LONWORKS Plug and Play Control Panel applet that came with the network interface Test to make sure the applet can receive a service pin message from some other node on the same properly channel as the device The IP 852 device Check the network wiring between the PC and the may not be IP 852 device physically connected to the network interface No IP address has been assigned to the IP 852 device Configure the IP add
42. r PC When the Configuration Server PC is already setup to run a third party SNTP client the Configuration Server s system SNTP settings must be set accordingly The third party SNTP client will synchronize the PC s clock and so the SNTP client should notbe run in the Configuration Server This would cause the PC s clock to be synchronized to two SNTP servers an undesired effect The Configuration Server s system SNTP setting is no longer tied with running an SNTP client in the Configuration Server Follow these steps to configure the Configuration Server to use a third party SNTP client to update the PC s clock 1 Select Settings from the Network menu and click on the SNTP tab 2 Clear the Run the SNTP Client in the Configuration Server check box When this option is cleared the Configuration Server will not poll a SNTP server to update the PC s clock The PC will use its third party SNTP client to synchronize to whatever time server is specified by the third party client J Network Settings h TP IP Host Names SNTP Servers Primary Port 10 1 3134 f123 Secondary Port o o 0 0 f123 Use the SNTP server on device I Run the SNTP client in the Configuration Server Cancel Help Figure 3 6 SNTP Tab 3 Click OK to save and return to the main dialog Choosing an SNTP Server You can obtain an IP address for an SNTP server for your IP 852 Channel in any of the following ways 30
43. ractical for larger networks As a result of this Echelon recommends that all members of an IP 852 channel be assigned static IP addresses However if you are in control of your DHCP server you may be able to configure your DHCP server to always assign your 7 LON 100 and LON 600 servers the same IP address This is called making a static reservation and is supported by most DHCP servers Using DHCP with static reservations is acceptable and is similar to using static IP addresses If you decide to use this technique each 7 LON 100 or LON 600 server should be instructed to acquire its IP address from the DHCP server by selecting Automatically Obtain IP Address on the TCP IP Web page for your LON 600 server or on the Network LAN WAN Web page for your 2 LON 100 Server i LON 600 LONWORKSIIP Server Figure 4 8 Automatically Obtain IP Address Setting DHCP Servers DHCP servers are configured to assign a range of valid Internet addresses With a simple NAT gateway like the one shown in Figure 4 4 the range is often 192 168 1 2 to 192 168 1 254 As an example the Linksys Model BEFSR81 NAT gateway assigns the first PC to request an address 192 168 1 100 the second PC to request an address 192 168 1 101 the next gets 192 168 1 103 and so on The address a PC is assigned is determined by the order in which the PCs are powered up on a network PCs request an address each time they are powered This means tha
44. re taken from the range of addresses designated as reserved by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA The subnets reserved for private use are 10 x x x or 10 8 Class A 172 16 x x 172 31 x x or 172 16 12 Class B 192 168 x x or 192 168 16 Class C 169 254 x x or 169 254 16 Auto configuration Note that the reserved addresses are reusable not globally unique and therefore not routable on the Internet NAT translates the source addresses of outbound messages sent by computers on your home network to a single address making all of the computers on your home network look like a single computer with a single IP address When your home network receives messages from an outside network the NAT gateway maps the response to the proper computer on your home network by changing the destination of the response to the correct internal address as in Figure 4 3 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 35 Home Network 192 168 1 100 WAN Side Address is WAN Side Assigned by ISP LAN Side 131 28 203 17 NAT Gateway 192 168 1 1 Figure 4 3 NAT Gateway Structure Ports and Port Mapping 36 A fully qualified URL consists of an IP address and a port The URL www echelon com 80 is a fully qualified URL Port 80 is recognized as the default port for Web servers worldwide Internet Explorer automatically appends a URL with port 80 so you do not have to enter the full URL when accessing a Web site Ports allow a
45. ress in the IP 852 device using the setup web pages and the Configuration Server IP 852 Channel User s Guide 17 Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action If you are using an LLON 600 LONWORKS IP Server as the near router the router application has not yet been created on the IP 852 device Create the LONWORKS router application using the Console Application as described in Chapter 5 of the LON 600 LONWORKSIP Server User s Guide If you are using an LLON 100 Internet Server as the near router the LON 100 server may not be licensed or configured to operate as an IP 852 router License and configure the LON 100 Server to operate as an IP 852 router as described in Chapter 2 of the 1LON 100 e3 User s Guide The IP channel properties have not been properly set For a local Intranet make sure the channel property transceiver type in the LonMaker tool is IP 10L For a WAN Internet choose IP 10W The near router LONRTR_1 commissions successfully but no service pin message is received from the far router LONRTR_2 There is a problem with the IP 852 channel setup Be sure the Configuration Server is running in the background when you commission the devices on the IP 852 channel Verify that the near router is online and that the Configuration Server reports connectivity among all members of the IP 852 channel e g all icons are green Both IP 852 device
46. rt for the LON 600 server is 80 In the example IP 852 Channel User s Guide 37 port 80 is already used by 192 168 1 100 so you must change the port on the IP 852 device and enter two static mappings into the NAT gateway Port 1628 gt 192 168 1 102 Port 82 gt 192 168 1 102 Consult your NAT gateway owner s manual for details on how to setup static port mapping for your particular NAT gateway Creating a Virtual Wire LONWORKS networks that do not connect to an IP network may be quite large A LONWORKS network may contain 255 subnets with each subnet containing as many as 127 devices Subnets are linked together using LONWORKS routers A common implementation is to have many FT subnets connected to a single TP 1250 high speed backbone TP 1250 High Speed Backbone FT TP 1250 Router FT 10 Channel Figure 4 5 Connecting Devices on a Network The high speed backbone is a physical wire and since all TP 1250 to FT routers are connected to the same physical wire communication proceeds unimpeded IP 852 devices are ogically identical to TP 1250 or FT routers but use IP as their high speed backbone instead of a TP 1250 backbone They may not be connected to the same physical wire Two IP 852 devices located in different cities could use the Internet as a high speed backbone to create a single LONWORKS network Instead of connecting the two IP 852 devices with one long wire the Internet is used to create a
47. rt numbers for more information In one example situation two PCs are connected to and communicate through an NAT gateway that accesses the Internet through a single IP address The NAT gateway forwards the packets to the correct PC using different port settings To ensure that packets are forwarded to the proper PC you can setup your NAT gateway to perform static port mapping Static port mapping lets your NAT gateway forward incoming Internet requests to different PCs in your home using the port settings you specified in your PCs IP 852 Device Ports The IP 852 device uses IANA designated ports for LONWORKS traffic ports 1628 and 1629 Continuing with the example described above you could connect an IP 852 device to your network with an IP address of 192 168 1 102 Home Network 192 168 1 100 WAN Side Address is WAN Side Provided by ISP assigned LAN Side 131 28 203 17 NAT Gateway 192 168 1 1 Figure 4 4 Adding an IP 852 Device to an NAT Gateway To allow Internet access to your IP 852 device you must map the necessary ports on your NAT gateway as you did for the PCs when setting up web access Once port 1628 is mapped to 192 168 1 102 the NAT gateway will forward any requests from peer IP 852 devices or from the Configuration Server IP 852 devices can be configured to use ports other than the IANA defaults This allows multiple IP 852 devices to reside behind a single NAT gateway The default Web server po
48. ss of the NAT gateway firewall 4 Click on the new NAT firewall and select New Device from the Channel menu Configure the device s IP address and IP 852 Channel User s Guide other properties as described in Section 2 Use the device s local IP address typically a private non routable address such as 10 x x x or 192 168 x x 5 Repeat Steps 1 through 8 to add another NAT firewall and device The Configuration Server should look like the one in Figure 4 2 WEchelon LonWorks IP Configuration Server 7B 10l x File Channel Device N amp Srewall View Network Help Eh Orphans New Channel Device Information Local Address 0 0 0 0 1628 No Registration Message has been received for this device faz Configuration Server External Address 0 0 0 0 1628 RAE NAT Firewall Device Type Unknown fy ILON600_1 Device Configuration Undefined gt NAT Firewall gt Status Device is enabled Network Enabled Show Log Exit Figure 4 2 Setting Up Multiple Firewalls with Multiple IP 852 Devices 6 Right click on the channel and select Update Members or right click on the device and select Update Device NAT Example Simple Home Network If you have a home network with DSL or cable Internet access you can setup all of your computers to communicate on the same IP address assigned by your ISP with the help of an NAT gateway Usually addresses used in the private network your home a
49. t Read Error 10054 09 15 09 29 29 Re sending request to New Device 10 2 11 180 1628 09 15 09 29 29 UDP Socket Read Error 10054 09 15 09 29 35 Re sending request to New Device 10 2 11 180 1628 09 15 09 29 35 UDP Socket Read Error 10054 4 Clear Log File V Enabled Clear File I Errors only TT File Circular MW Timestamp ST Dump packets Max Size KB 200 inh Figure 2 7 Show Log Screen If any information between channel members is outdated the Configuration Server will send updated information to each channel member Success or failure of this step is reflected in the Configuration Server log screen and the color of the devices in the tree view on the main dialog The meaning of each color of the device status is listed in Table 2 1 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 13 14 Table 2 1 Configuration Server Device Status Indicator Color Status Description Green Normal Configuration Server has communicated with the IP 852 device and configuration is up to date Yellow Normal but the Time Check failed for device The IP 852 device s time differs from the time on the PC running the Configuration Server by more than a few milliseconds This usually means that either the IP 852 device or the PC is not referencing an SNTP server to set the local time The system may work with some yellow devices but the probability of data loss is increased You should provide an SNTP server to both t
50. t by using DHCP you run the risk of losing a previously assigned address for a given PC or IP 852 device This usually is not an issue for a home PC that is used to browse the Internet because the PC is always the initiator of the web page request However if you want a PC to act as a web server it must have a permanent address so other PCs can access it The same is true for an IP 852 device participating in an IP 852 channel The solution is to avoid using DHCP for devices whose addresses must be known by external users This includes FTP servers time servers web servers database servers and IP 852 devices When a computer does not use DHCP and is assigned an address manually it has a static IP address It is possible to have a network that defines a range of addresses that will be allocated dynamically by the DHCP server and a range that will be managed manually In the Linksys NAT gateway mentioned above 192 168 1 2 to 192 168 1 99 are managed manually IP 852 Channel User s Guide 41 ISP Address Allocation DNS 42 Cable or DSL service in the United States costs about 40 50 per month for a single dynamically allocated IP address Depending on your telephone or cable provider you may be able to purchase a business account that provides one or more static IP addresses at a higher cost In the example if the address provided to your home by the ISP is static you only need to setup static port mapping and inform outsi
51. tains an icon representing the Echelon LONWORKS IP Configuration Server inside the IP 852 channel The Configuration Server stores the configuration of the IP 852 channel including the IP addresses of all the devices and routers installed on the channel You will initially configure the IP 852 channel with the Configuration Server and the Configuration Server must be running anytime you modify the configuration of the devices on the IP 852 channel You can run the Configuration Server on any PC with access to the IP network containing the IP 852 channel Chapters 2 and 3 of this document describe how to use the Configuration Server Because a virtual wire is created by the devices on the IP 852 channel the channel topology shown in Figure 1 1 is logically the same as Figure 1 2 which shows a traditional LONWORKS channel connecting the three floors IP 852 Channel User s Guide 3 TP XF 1250 LonWorks LonWorks LonWorks FT TP Router FT TP Router FT TP Router Fx PA j FT 10 Se FT 10 ae FT 10 we Xe TA T of Ne ra LA N Figure L2 A LONWORKS Network with a Traditional TP 1250 High Speed Backbone The IP 852 device routing engine is designed to deal with the potentially large latencies introduced by large IP networks such as the Internet Without this intelligent routing engine certain LONWORKS network services such as the ability to detect duplicate packets
52. than transmitted If selected the property defaults to 64 milliseconds Packets on a local area network do not get out of order so you should not set the reorder packets parameter in this case Using the packet reordering feature or an overly long reordering timer value can cause unnecessary IP 852 Channel User s Guide 27 delays in packet processing if a packet is lost or corrupted Whether enabled or disabled out of order packets are never sent onto the LONWORKS network Using SNTP When Creating IP 852 Channels In small IP networks where there is no appreciable latency it is not necessary to specify an SNTP server for your IP 852 channel However when creating IP 852 channels that span large IP networks where large network delays may be present you must specify an SNTP time server This allows each participant in the channel to synchronize to a common time base Time synchronization is required to implement some of the LONWORKS protocol s messaging services For example the LONWORKS protocol s stale packet detection algorithm requires a common time base to function properly You can specify SNTP servers at three levels system channel and device Each device and channel may be configured to synchronize to its own SNTP servers or default to the next level up For example a device can default to its channel SNTP servers and a channel can default to its system SNTP servers Specifying System SNTP Servers To specify the s
53. that the mapping between the IP host name and the numeric IP address can be made If you are in control of your local DNS server you should give all participants in your IP 852 channel static IP addresses and create DNS entries for each participant This allows you to specify IP host names when setting up the IP 852 channel in the Configuration Server instead of numeric IP addresses The Configuration Server will translate the IP host name into a numeric IP address and pass that address to all members of the channel For example if you had a static IP address at your home you could register that IP address with one of the Internet registrars such as register com and associate a name with that static IP address The registrar will propagate the address name pair throughout the Internet s DNS servers for you ultimately allowing you to tell people to go to www myhouse com instead of 131 23 203 17 NOTE When a browser tries to view a web site it asks the DNS server to translate the name of a web site into an IP address It then uses the IP address to contact the web site The actual IP packets never contain the proper name of the Web site only the hard IP address that was resolved by IP 852 Channel User s Guide the DNS server In addition the IP 852 devices themselves do not query DNS servers to resolve addresses they only work with numeric IP addresses provided by the Configuration Server This only works for static IP addresses
54. ut include e Variations on each leg of a round trip Your timeout parameter should factor the maximum delay into one leg of the trip e Maximum difference between the times on the IP 852 devices The IP 852 device stamps its time on a packet when it is sent on the IP network and the target IP 852 device compares the stamp to its own time If the time has expired time of device time stamp in packet is greater than channel timeout the IP packet is discarded by the target device as stale You can estimate the maximum difference between the times on the devices by comparing the offsets displayed in the Configuration Server log window log when you run the channel Time Check command Channel Delay The channel delay specifies the value of the expected round trip time of a message i e message and response This allows expected traffic patterns to be input to the system so that the timer calculations can be affected accordingly This property can be set using an LNS based tool such as LonMaker See the LNS and LonMaker documentation for more information on the Channel Delay property Packet Reorder Timer The packet reorder timer property allows you to set the amount of time that the IP 852 device will wait for an out of order IP packet to arrive This parameter is important for wide area networks where IP packets can traverse multiple routers from source to destination causing packets to appear on the receiver in a different order
55. will lose communication with the peer until it receives an updated peer list The Configuration Server can solve this problem by IP 852 Channel User s Guide sending out an updated list using DNS to all members on the channel The IP 852 device cannot resolve DNS address issues on its own When exchanging messages with the Configuration Server and other devices on the IP 852 channel the IP 852 device protocol requires that each device s IP address remain static so it can identify other members of the IP 852 channel If DHCP will be used to retrieve the IP information for the IP 852 device the network administrator must ensure that a DHCP server is available to provide the IP address subnet mask and gateway address In addition the network administrator should create individual static address reservations for each IP 852 device Dynamic DNS If your ISP does not offer a static IP address service and you still want Internet access to an LON at your house you can use a third party solution called dynamic DNS DDNS Providers include dns2go com dyndns org and others Perform a quick Internet search on dynamic DNS How DDNS Works DDNS operators rely on the fact that your home s IP address does not frequently change Depending on your ISP the home address may change only when you power cycle the NAT gateway If the NAT gateway is on 24 7 it may be months before your home s address changes It is also possible that y
56. ystem SNTP servers follow these steps 1 In the Configuration Server select Settings from the Network menu and click on the SNTP tab x Network Settings SNTP IPlipst Names M SNTP Servers Primary Port 10 1 3130 123 Secondary Port aooo 123 JV Use the SNTP server on device V Run the SNTP client in the Configuration Server gt SNTP Client Maximum time f 80 minutes Update every 2 minutes Cancel Help Figure 3 4 Setting the System SNTP Server 2 Enter the IP address or host name of the primary and secondary SNTP servers Note that the IP addresses must be static IP addresses Leave the default port numbers of 128 28 IP 852 Channel User s Guide 3 Ensure that the Use the SNTP Server on Device and the Run the SNTP Client in the Configuration Server check boxes are selected The Use the SNTP Server on Device checkbox allows you to specify the default SNTP system server The Run the SNTP Client in the Configuration Server check box allows you to run an SNTP client in the Configuration Server The Maximum Time and Update Every properties only apply if the Run the SNTP client in the Configuration checkbox is checked The IP 852 device SNTP options are self adjusting and cannot be configured If you are using a third party SNTP server client on the Configuration Server PC read the following section before setting these options 4 Click OK to save and return to the main dialog Specifying SN

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