CCNP®: Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide
Contents
1. CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide Arthur Pfund Todd Lammle SYBEX CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide Arthur Pfund Todd Lammle y Associate Publisher N eil Edde Acquisitions Editor M aureen Adams Developmental Editor Heather O Connor Production Editor Liz Burke Technical Editor Scott M orris Copyeditor Carol H enry Compositor Craig Woods H appenstance T ype O R ama Graphic Illustrator J eff Wilson H appenstance T ype O R ama CD Coordinator Dan M ummert CD Technician Kevin Ly Proofreaders Laurie O Connell N ancy Riddiough Emily Hsuan Indexer Ted Laux Book Designer Bill Gibson Cover design Archer Design Cover photographer Andrew Ward Life File Copyright 2004 SY BEX Inc 1151 M arina Village Parkway Alameda CA 94501 World rights reserved No part of this publication may bestored in a retrieval system transmitted or reproduced in any way including but not limited to photocopy photograph magnetic or other record without the prior agreement and written per mission of the publisher Library of Congress Card N umber 2003109124 ISBN 0 7821 4295 8 SY BEX and the SY BEX logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SY BEX Inc in the United States and or other countries Screen reproductions produced with FullShot 99 FullShot 99 1991 1999 Inbit Incorporate2. The Complexity of Internetworks The Problem Solving M odel Step 1 Define the Problem Step 2 Gather Facts Step 3 Consider Possibilities Steps 4 and 5 Create and Implement the Action Plan Step 6 O bserve Results Step 7 Iterate as N eeded Document the Changes Summary Exam Essentials Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 2 Network Documentation The N etwork Baseline Network Configuration Table Router N etwork Configuration T able Switch N etwork Configuration Table Network Topology Diagrams Components of a N etwork Topology Diagram Creating a Network Topology Diagram Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Chapter 3 End System Documentation and Troubleshooting End System N etwork Configuration Table Creating an End System N etwork Configuration Table xvii Xxix xii Table of Contents Chapter Chapter 4 5 End System N etwork Topology Diagram Creating an End System N etwork Topology Diagram Troubleshooting End System Problems Troubleshooting by Layer End System Troubleshooting Commands Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Protocol Attributes The O SI Reference M odel Global Protocol Classifications Connection O riented Protocols Connectionless Protocols Layer 2 Data Link Layer Protocols and Applications Ethernet IEEE 802
3. 279 280 Chapter 9 Table of Contents Common ISDN Problems M isconfigured R outers Physical Layer Connections M isconfigured Phone Switches Troubleshooting Layer 2 Troubleshooting Layer 3 Switch Types ISDN Troubleshooting Commands ping clear interface bri n show interface bri n show interface bri n 1 2 show controller bri show isdn status show dialer show ppp multilink Debugging ISDN debug bri debug isdn q921 debug dialer debug isdn q931 debug ppp negotiation debug ppp packet Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Q uestions Troubleshooting Switched Ethernet Switches Bridges and H ubs Catalyst Troubleshooting Tools Catalyst Command Line Interfaces H ybrid M ode Catalyst CLI RMON Indicator Lights Controlling Recurring Paths with Spanning Tree Troubleshooting Spanning Tree Problems Virtual LANS Inter Switch Link ISL 802 10 Trunking VLAN Trunking Protocol VTP xv 281 281 286 289 289 292 293 294 295 295 296 297 298 298 300 300 301 301 302 304 304 305 308 309 310 310 312 313 317 319 320 322 322 322 346 346 346 347 349 349 352 352 xvi Table of Contents Chapter Glossary Index 10 Cabling Issues Cable Problems Crossover Cables Troubleshooting Switched Connections The Switched Port Analyzer TheM ultilayer Switch Feature Card and Catalyst R outing VLANs across Routers and Switches VLAN Design
4. Issues and Troubleshooting H ybrid N ative Command Conversion Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Applying Cisco s Diagnostic Tools Identifying and Resolving Generic Router Problems Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Troubleshooting Ethernet Problems Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Troubleshooting Token Ring Problems Scenario 1 Opening a Case with the Technical Assistance Center Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Review Questions 353 354 355 356 357 357 359 361 363 364 365 366 368 369 373 375 376 376 389 400 406 406 410 416 416 421 421 422 423 424 431 489 Introduction This book is intended to help you continueon your exciting new path toward obtaining your CCN P certification Before reading this book it is important to haveat least read the Sybex CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide Fourth Edition You can take the CCNP tests in any order but you should have passed the CCNA exam before pursuing your CCNP M any questions in the Cisco Internet Troubleshooting Support CIT exam are built on the CCNA material H ow ever we have done everything possibleto make surethat you can pass the CIT exam by reading this book and practicing with Cisco routers Cisco Systems s Place in Networking Cisco Systems has become an unrivaled worldwide leader in networking for the Internet Its net workin
5. Types show Commands debug Commands Typical O SPF Problems xiii 160 162 164 168 172 172 175 177 178 178 180 182 183 184 185 186 187 191 193 194 197 198 199 199 199 200 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 207 207 208 209 210 211 213 214 216 Xiv Table of Contents Chapter Chapter 7 8 Troubleshooting BGP N eighbor Relationship eBGP vs iBGP show Commands debug Commands Typical BGP Problems Redistribution of Routing Protocols Dealing with Routing M etrics Distribute Lists Route M aps TCP IP Symptoms and Problems Summary Sheet TCP IP Symptoms and Action Plans Summary Sheet Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Troubleshooting Serial Line and Frame Relay Connectivity Troubleshooting Serial Lines HDLC Encapsulation show interface serial Command show controllers Command show buffers Command debug serial interface Command CSU DSU Loopback T ests Serial Line Summary Troubleshooting Frame R elay Frame Relay show Commands Frame Relay debug Commands Frame Relay Summary Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Troubleshooting ISDN ISDN Fundamentals 217 217 217 218 219 220 221 221 224 226 228 229 231 231 232 235 236 241 243 244 245 246 250 252 253 255 257 260 261 265 266 268 269 270 271 272 276
6. answer is the one that Cisco recommends H ere are some general tips for exam success Arrive early at the exam center so you can relax and review your study materials Read the questions carefully Don t just jump to conclusions M ake sure that you re clear about exactly what each question asks Don t leave any questions unanswered They count against your score When answering multiple choice questions that you re not sure about use the process of elimination to get rid of the obviously incorrect answers first Doing this greatly improves your odds if you need to make an educated guess Asof this writing the written exams still allow you to skip ahead and then return to pre vious questions H owever it is always best to check the Cisco website before taking any exam to get the most up to date information After you complete an exam you ll get immediate onlinenotification of your pass or fail sta tus a printed Examination Score Report that indicates your pass or fail status and your exam results by section The test administrator will give you the printed score report T est scores are automatically forwarded to Cisco within five working days after you take the test so you don t need to send your score to them What Does This Book Cover This book covers everything you need to pass the CCN P CIT exam It teaches you how to doc ument your network and how to troubleshoot and maintain Cisco routers and switches
7. information provided in theappropriateread mefiles or listed elsewhere on the media Should the manufacturer s or other Owner s cease to offer support or decline to honor any offer SY BEX bears no responsibility This notice concerning support for the Software is provided for your information only SY BEX is not the agent or principal of the O wner s and SY BEX isin no way responsible for providing any support for the Software nor is it liable or responsible for any support provided or not provided by the Owner s Warranty SY BEX warrants the enclosed media to be free of phys ical defects for a period of ninety 90 days after pur chase The Softwareisnot available from SY BEX in any other form or media than that enclosed herein or posted to www sybex com If you discover a defect in the media during this warranty period you may obtain a replace ment of identical format at no charge by sending the defective media postage prepaid with proof of pur chase to SY BEX Inc Product Support Department 1151 Marina Village Parkway Alameda CA 94501 Web http www sybex comA fter the 90 day period you can obtain replacement media of identical format by sending us the defective disk proof of purchase and a check or money order for 10 payable to SY BEX Disclaimer SY BEX makes no warranty or representation either expressed or implied with respect to the Software or its contents quality performance merchantabili
8. of Sybex s CCSP Secure PIX and Secure VPN Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4287 7 for help with this exam Cisco Firewall Specialist Cisco Security certifications focus on the growing need for knowledgeable network profession als who can implement complete security solutions Cisco Firewall Specialists focus on securing network access using Cisco 10 S Software and Cisco PIX Firewall technologies Thetwo exams you must pass to achieve the Cisco Firewall Specialist certification are Secur ing Cisco IO S Networks SECUR and Cisco Secure PIX Firewall Advanced CSPFA Cisco IDS Specialist Cisco IDS Specialists can both operate and monitor Cisco 10 S Software and IDS technologies to detect and respond to intrusion activities The two exams you must pass to achieve the Cisco IDS Specialist certification are Securing Cisco 10 S N etworks SECUR and Cisco Secure Intrusion Detection System CSID S Cisco VPN Specialist Cisco VPN Specialists can configure VPN s across shared public networks using Cisco 10 S Soft ware and Cisco VPN 3000 Series Concentrator technologies Theexams you must pass to achievetheCisco VPN Specialist certification are Securing Cisco 10S Networks SECUR and Cisco Secure Virtual N etworks CSV PN Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert CCIE Cool You ve become a CCNP and now your sights are fixed on getting your Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert CCIE certification W hat do you do next Cisco recommendsa minimum o
9. picked to help you study for and pass your exam Study on the road with the CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshoot ing Study Guide eBook in PDF format and test yourself with the electronic flashcards 4 The electronic flashcards can be used on your Windows computer Pocket PC P or Palm device 6 Makesure you review the Key Terms list at the end of each chapter Appendix A includes all the commands used in the book along with an explanation for each command To learn all the material covered in this book you ll have to apply yourself regularly and with discipline Try to set aside the same time every day to study and select a comfortable and quiet placeto do so If you work hard you ll be surprised at how quickly you learn this material All the best What s On the CD Weworked hard to provide some really valuable tools to help you with your certification pro cess All of these tools should be loaded on your workstation when studying for the test The Sybex Test Engine for Cisco CIT Test Preparation N ew from Sybex this test preparation software prepares you to successfully passtheCIT exam In the test engine you ll find all the questions from the book plus the two additional Bonus Exams that appear exclusively on the CD Y ou can take the Assessment T est test yourself by chapter or take the two Bonus Exams that appear on theCD Electronic Flashcards for PC Pocket PC and Palm Devices After you read the CCNP Cisco Internet
10. 3 Token Ring lEEE 802 5 Token Frame Format Point to Point Protocol PPP Synchronous Data Link Control SDLC Frame Structure Frame Relay Frame Structure Integrated Services Digital N etwork ISDN Frame Structure Layers 3 and 4 IP Routed Protocols Internet Protocol IP Internet Control M essage Protocol ICM P Transmission Control Protocol T CP User Datagram Protocol UDP Summary Exam Essentials Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Cisco Diagnostic Commands and TCP IP Connectivity Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Commands show Commands debug Commands 129 130 130 153 Chapter 6 Table of Contents logging Commands Executing a Router Core Dump ping Commands traceroute Command LAN Connectivity Problems Obtaining an IP Address ARP Sample TCP Connection IP Access Lists Standard Access Lists Extended Access Lists N amed Access Lists Summary Exam Essentials Commands Used in This Chapter Key Terms Review Questions Answers to Review Q uestions TCP IP Routing Protocol Troubleshooting Default Gateways Static and Dynamic Routing Troubleshooting RIP RIP 1 and RIP 2 show Commands debug Commands Typical RIP Problems Troubleshooting IGRP IGRP Features and O peration show Commands debug Commands Typical IGRP Problems Troubleshooting EIGRP N eighbor Formation show Commands debug Commands Typical EIGRP Problems Troubleshooting O SPF Neighbor and Adjacency Formation OSPF Area
11. CCIE as well as aid prospectiveemployersin measuring skill levels Beforethesenew certifications existed you took only one test and were then faced with the lab which made it difficult to succeed With the new certifications that add a better approach to preparing for that almighty lab Cisco has opened doors that few were allowed through before So what are these new certifications and how do they help you get your CCIE Cisco Certified Network Associate CCNA TheCCNA certification is the first certification in the new line of Cisco certifications and isa precursor to all current Cisco certifications W ith the new certification programs Cisco has cre ated a type of stepping stone approach to CCIE certification Now you can become a Cisco Certified N etwork Associate for the meager cost of the Sybex CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide Fourth Edition plus 125 for the test And you don t have to stop there you can choose to continue with your studies and select a specific track to follow The Installation and Support track will help you preparefor the CCIE Routing and Switching certification the Communications and Services track will help you pre parefor the CCIE Communication and Services certification Itisimportant to note that you do not have to attempt any of thesetracks to reach theC CIE but choosing a track is recommended for the best success Cisco Certified Network Professional CCNP TheCisco Certified N e
12. NP certification In addition to what s required for the CCNA you ll need to have the following skills Installing configuring operating and troubleshooting complex routed LAN routed WAN and switched LAN networks and Dial Access Services Understanding complex networking concepts such as IP IGRP Async Routing extended access lists IP RIP route redistribution route summarization OSPF VLSM BGP Serial IGRP Frame Relay ISDN ISL X 25 DDR PSTN PPP VLANs Ethernet ATM LAN emulation access lists 802 10 FDDI and transparent and translational bridging To meet theCisco Certified N etwork Professional requirements you must be ableto perform the following Install and or configurea network to increase bandwidth quicken network responsetimes and improve reliability and quality of service Maximize performance through campus LANs routed WANs and remote access Improve network security Create a global intranet Provide access security to campus switches and routers Provide increased switching and routing bandwidth end to end resiliency services Provide custom queuing and routed priority services How Do You Become a CCNP After becoming a CCNA the four exams you must take to get your CCNP are as follows Exam 642 801 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks BSCI A while back Cisco retired the Routing 640 603 exam and now uses this exam 642 801 to build on the fundamentals of the CCNA ex
13. a testing center near you call Sylvan at 800 755 3926 or VUE at 877 404 3926 O utside of the United States and Canada contact your local Sylvan Prometric Registration Center To register for a Cisco Certified N etwork Professional exam 1 Determinethenumber of the exam you want to take The CIT exam number is 642 831 2 Register with thenearest Sylvan Prometric or VUE testing center At this point you will be asked to pay in advance for the exam At the time of this writing the exams are 125 each and must be taken within one year of payment You can schedule exams up to six weeks in advance or as soon as one working day prior to the day you wish to take it If something comes up and you need to cancel or reschedule your exam appointment contact the testing center at least 24 hours in advance Same day registration isn t available for the Cisco tests 3 When you schedule the exam you ll get instructions regarding all appointment and cancellation procedures the D requirements and information about the testing center location Tips for Taking Your CCNP CIT Exam TheCCNP CIT test contains about 65 questions to be completed in about 90 minutes H ow ever understand that your test may vary somewhat from this estimate M any questions on the exam have answer choices that at first glance look identical espe cially the syntax questions Remember to read through the choices carefully because close doesn t cut it If you
14. am BSCI focuses on large multiprotocol internetworks and how to manage them The BSCI exam is also a required exam for the CCIP and CCDP certifications which will be discussed later in this introduction Exam 642 811 Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks BCMSN The Building Cisco M ultilayer Switched N etworks exam tests your knowledge of the 1900 and 5000 series of Catalyst switches Y ou ll also be challenged on your knowledge of switching technology implementation and operation planning and design Exam 642 821 Building Cisco Remote Access Networks BCRAN The Building Cisco R emote A ccess N etworks BCRAN exam tests your knowledge of installing configuring mon itoring and troubleshooting Cisco ISDN and dial up access products Y ou must understand PPP ISDN Frame Relay and authentication xx Introduction Exam 642 831 Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Support CIT TheCisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Support CIT exam tests you on troubleshooting information You must be able to document a network troubleshoot Ethernet LAN S and IP networks as well as ISDN PPP and Frame Relay networks This book covers all the topics you ll need to pass the CIT exam An Alternate Plan If you hate tests you can take fewer of them by signing up for the CCNA exam and the CIT exam and then takejust onemorelong exam called the Foundation R S exam 640 841 Doing this also gives you your CCN P but beware it s a really lon
15. d All rights reserved FullShot is a trademark of Inbit Incorporated TheCD interfacewas created using M acromedia Director COPY RIGHT 1994 1997 1999 M acromedialnc For more information on M acromedia and M acromedia Director visit http www macromedia com This study guide and or material isnot sponsored by endorsed by or affiliated with Cisco Systems Inc Cisco Cisco Systems O CCDA CCNA CCDP CCSP CCIP BSCI CCNP CCIE CCSI the Cisco Systems logo and theCCIE logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco Systems Inc in the United States and certain other countries All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners TRADEMARKS SY BEX has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer The author and publisher have made their best efforts to prepare this book and the content is based upon final release software whenever possible Portions of the manuscript may be based upon pre release versions supplied by software manufacturer s The author and the publisher make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the contents herein and accept no liability of any kind including but not limited to performance merchantability fitness for any particular purpose or any losses or damages of any kind caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from t
16. dge of the fundamentals of Cisco PIX Firewalls as well as translations and connections object grouping advanced protocol handling and authentication authorization and account ing among other topics Y ou can tacklethe CSPFA exam with the help of Sybex s CCSP Secure PIX and Secure VPN Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4287 7 Exam 642 511 Cisco Secure Virtual Private Networks CSVPN TheCSVPN exam covers the basics of Cisco VPN s configuring various Cisco VPN s for remote access hardware client backup server and load balancing plus IPSec over UDP and IPSec over TCP Again using the Sybex CCSP Secure PIX and Secure VPN Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4287 7 you ll approach the CSVPN exam with confidence Exam 642 531 Cisco Secure Intrusion Detection System CSIDS The CSIDS exam will challenge your knowledge of intrusion detection technologies and solutions and test your abil ities to install and configure ISD components Y ou ll also be tested on managing large scale Introduction xxiii deployments of Cisco IDS sensors using Cisco DS management software Prepare for the CSIDS exam using Sybex s CCSP Secure Intrusion Detection and SAFE Implementation Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4288 5 Exam 9E0 131 Cisco SAFE Implementation CSI This exam tests such topics as security and architecture fundamentals SAFE N etwork design for small and medium corporate and campus situations and SAFE remote user network implementation Y ou can take advantage
17. edagogically sound We re confident that this book will exceed the demanding standards of the certification marketplace and help you the Cisco certification candidate succeed in your endeavors Asalways your feedback isimportant to us Please send comments questions or suggestions to support sybex com At Sybex we re continually striving to meet the needs of individuals preparing for IT certification exams Good luck in pursuit of your CCNP certification 2254 N eil Edde A ssociate Publisher Certification Sybex Inc Software License Agreement Terms and Conditions The media and or any online materials accompanying this book that are available now or in the future contain programs and or text files the Software to be used in connection with the book SY BEX hereby grantsto you a license to use the Software subject to the terms that fol low Y our purchase acceptance or use of the Software will constitute your acceptance of such terms The Software compilation is the property of SY BEX unless otherwise indicated and is protected by copyright to SY BEX or other copyright owner s as indicated in the media files the O wner s Y ou are hereby granted a single user licenseto use the Softwarefor your personal noncommercial use only Y ou may not reproduce sell distribute publish circulate or commercially exploit the Software or any portion thereof without the written consent of SY BEX and the specific cop
18. f two years on the job experience beforetaking theC CIE lab After jumping those hurdles you then have to pass the written CCIE Exam Qualifications before taking the actual lab There are four CCIE certifications and you must pass a written section and a lob portion for each certification As can beseen from below most of the CCIE certifications require only a sin gle test but one requires multiple CCIE Communications and Services Exams 350 020 350 021 350 022 350 023 The four CCIE Communications and Services written exams cover IP and IP routing optical DSL dial cable wireless WAN switching content networking and voice CCIE Routing and Switching Exam 350 001 The CCIE Routing and Switching exam cov ers IP and IP routing non IP desktop protocols such as IPX and bridge and switch related technologies xxiv Introduction gt Sybex can help you pass the CCIE Routing and Switching exam with the CCIE TE Cisco Certified Internetworking Expert Study Guide Second Edition ISBN 0 7821 4207 9 CCIE Security Exam 350 018 The CCIE Security exam covers IP and IP routing as well as specific security components CCIE Voice Exam 351 030 The CCIE Voice exam covers those technologies and applica tions that make up a Cisco Enterprise VoIP solution Where Do You Take the Exam You can takethe exams at any of the Sylvan Prometric or Virtual University Enterprises VUE testing centers around the world For the location of
19. g solutions can easily connect users who work from diverse devices on disparate net works Cisco products make it simple for people to access and transfer information without regard to differences in time place or platform Cisco Systems s big picture is that it provides end to end networking solutions that custom ers can useto build an efficient unified information infrastructure of their own or to connect to someone else s This is an important piece in the Internet networking industry puzzle because a common architecture that delivers consistent network services to all users is now a functional imperative Because Cisco Systems offers such a broad range of networking and Internet services and capabilities users needing regular access to their local network or the Internet can do so unhindered making Cisco s wares indispensable Cisco answers this need with a wide range of hardware products that are used to form infor mation networks using the Cisco Internetworking O perating System IO S software T his soft ware provides network services paving the way for networked technical support and professional services to maintain and optimize all network operations Along with the Cisco 10 S one of the services Cisco created to help support the vast amount of hardware it has engineered is the Cisco Certified Internetworking Expert CCIE program which was designed specifically to equip people to effectively manage the vast quantity of installed Ci
20. g test that fuses all the material listed previously in this introduction into one exam Good luck That said by taking this exam you get three tests for the price of two which saves you 125 if you pass Some people think it s easier to take the Foundation R S exam because you can leverage your higher scoring areas against the areas in which you don t do as well Thereis also an option to obtain your CCNP This is to do three tests the Composite Exam 642 891 which fuses the BSCI and BCM SN exams plus the BCRAN and CIT exams gt Remember that test objectives and tests can change at any time without notice TE Always check the Cisco website for the most up to date information www cisco com Sybex has a solution for each one of the CCN P exams Each study guide listed in the follow ing table covers all the exam objectives for their respective exams Exam Name Exam Sybex Products Building Scalable Cisco 642 801 CCNP Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks Internetworks Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4293 1 Switching 642 811 CCNP Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks Study Guide 0 7821 4294 X Remote A ccess 642 821 CCNP Building Cisco Remote Access Networks Study Guide 0 7821 4296 6 Support 642 831 CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide 0 7821 4295 8 Also available CCNP Study Guide Kit 3rd Ed 0 7821 4297 4 covers all four exams Cisco Certified Internetwork Professional CCIP After passin
21. g the CCNA the next step in the Communications and Services track is the CCIP TheCCIP is a professional level certification The CCIP certification gives you the skills necessary to understand and tackle the com plex internetworking world of the service provider Y ou will acquire the knowledge neces sary to prepare you for moving forward toward the coveted CCIE Communications and Services certification Introduction xxi What Are the CCIP Certification Skills Cisco demands a certain level of proficiency for its CCIP certification In addition to what s required for the CCNA you will need to have the following skills Performing complex planning operations installations implementations and trouble shooting of internetworks Understanding and managing complex communications networks last mile edge or core How Do You Become a CCIP After becoming a CCNA you must take two core exams and an elective The core exams are Exam 642 801 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks BSCI A while back Cisco retired the R outing 640 603 exam and now uses this exam 642 801 to build on the fun damentals of the CCNA exam BSCI focuses on large multiprotocol internetworks and how to manage them Exam 642 641 Quality of Services QoS This exam tests your knowledge of Quality of Ser vice for internetworks Exam 640 910 Implementing Cisco MPLS MPLS This exam tests your knowledge of mul tiprotocol label switching and its impleme
22. his book M anufactured in the United States of America 10987654321 A 4 U SYBEX To Our Valued Readers Thank you for looking to Sybex for your CCNP certification exam prep needs We at Sybex are proud of the reputation we ve established for providing certification candidates with the practical knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the highly competitive IT marketplace Sybex is proud to have helped thousands of Cisco certification candidates prepare for their exams over the years and we are excited about the opportunity to continue to provide com puter and networking professionals with the skills they ll need to succeed in the highly com petitive IT industry We at Sybex are proud of the reputation we ve established for providing certification candi dates with the practical knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the highly competitive IT marketplace It has always been Sybex s mission to teach individuals how to utilize technol ogies in the real world not to simply feed them answers to test questions J ust as Cisco is com mitted to establishing measurable standards for certifying those professionals who work in the cutting edge field of internetworking Sybex is committed to providing those professionals with the means of acquiring the skills and knowledge they need to meet those standards The author and editors have worked hard to ensure that the Study Guide you hold in your hand is comprehensive in depth and p
23. in a large internetwork Each chapter begins with a list of the topics covered related to the CCN P CIT test so make sure to read the list before working through the chapter Chapter 1 discusses the complexity of today s internetworks and introduces you to the Cisco Troubleshooting M ethodology You ll study how to apply this methodology to net work problems xxvi Introduction Chapter 2 focuses on what goesinto a network baseline as well ashow to createone It also details two of the baseline s components the network configuration table and the network topology diagram Chapter 3 continues the discussion on documentation by explaining the end system version of a network configuration table and network topology diagram This chapter also takes you through the steps required to create these documents In the second half of the chapter various troubleshooting approaches are discussed and some end system troubleshooting commands are reviewed Chapter 4 reviews the O SI reference model and then discusses connection oriented and connectionless protocols Following this thelP ICM P TCP and UDP protocols are exam ined and Layer 2 protocols are covered Chapter 5 focuses on the skills and knowledge needed to use Cisco s built in diagnostic tools in a TCP IP environment These tools include show debug and logging commands as well as a router core dump This chapter also examines appropriate use of the ping and traceroute util
24. ities LAN and WAN problems are explored and the chapter ends with a dis cussion of access lists Chapter 6 is dedicated to covering IP routing protocols specifically RIP IGRP EIGRP OSPF and BGP The benefits and drawbacks of each are included as well as the commands used to verify correct functionality W e also discuss the issues of redistributing these protocols Chapter 7 examines serial and Frame Relay connectivity Y ou ll study the function of the show and debug O S commands needed to successfully troubleshoot problems in serial and Frame Relay environments as well as some common problem areas Chapter 8 discusses ISDN and related protocols specifically looking at what is necessary to set up an ISDN dial solution In addition timeis spent looking at the debug output from the call setup to show how an ISDN call is established Chapter 9 details the functioning of Catalyst series switches This chapter includes infor mation on the architecture of the switch as well as the command syntax used to configure the switch It also discusses the use of VLAN s and trunking switch ports together Chapter 10 isa summary chapter that takes theinformation from the previous chapters and applies it to real world examples These examples demonstrate combining the trouble shooting methodology with the technical skills learned in this book The Glossary is a handy resource for Cisco vocabulary and is an excellent tool for under s
25. ntation The Sybex CCIP MPLS Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4096 3 covers all the exam objectives Exam 642 661 Border Gateway Protocol BGP This exam tests your knowledge of Border Gateway Protocol BGP When you complete this exam you should be able to manage a large BGP network Cisco s Network Design and Installation Certifications In addition to the N etwork Installation and Support track and the Communications and Ser vices track Cisco has created another certification track for network designers The two certi fications within this track arethe Cisco Certified Design Associate CC DA and Cisco Certified Design Professional CCDP If you re reaching for the CCIE stars we highly recommend the CCNP and CCDP certifications before attempting the CCIE R S Qualification exam These two certifications will give you the knowledge to design routed LAN routed WAN and switched LAN Cisco Certified Design Associate CCDA To become a CCDA you must pass the DESGN Designing for Cisco Internetwork Solutions test 640 861 To pass this test you must understand how to do the following Design simple routed LAN routed WAN and switched LAN and ATM LANE networks Use network layer addressing Filter with access lists Useand propagate VLAN Size networks xxii Introduction Cisco Certified Design Professional CCDP If you re already a CCNP and want to get your CCDP you can simply takethe ARCH 642 871 test If you
26. put commands in the wrong order or forget one measly character your answer will be wrong So to practice do the hands on exercises at the end of the chapters over and over again until the solutions feel natural to you Unlike M icrosoft or N ovell tests the exam has answer choices that are highly similar in syn tax although some syntax is dead wrong it is usually just subtly wrong Some other syntax choices may be right but they re shown in the wrong order Cisco does split hairs and it is not at all averse to giving you classic trick questions H ere s an example access list 101 deny ip any eq 23 denies Telnet access to all systems Introduction XXV Thisstatement looks correct to most people becausethey refer to the port number 23 and think Y es that s the port used for T elnet The catch is that you can t filter IP on port numbers only TCP and UDP can befiltered in this way Another indicator that this command is wrong is the use of an extended access list number but with any or no destination address for the destination Cisco does have some simulation questions on the CIT exam Make sure you ve TE got hands on skills to take this test Practice with the hands on labs in this book and for further practice with routers and switches check out the CCNP Virtual Lab from Sybex Also never forget that the right answer is the Cisco answer In many cases P more than one appropriate answer is presented but the correct
27. re not yet a CCNP however you must take the CCDA CCNA BSCI Switching Remote Access and CID exams CCDP certification skills include Designing complex routed LAN routed WAN and switched LAN and ATM LANE networks Technical knowledge beyond the base level of CCDA CCDPs must also demonstrate proficiency in the following Network layer addressing in a hierarchical environment Traffic management with access lists Hierarchical network design VLAN use and propagation Performance considerations required hardware and software switching engines memory cost and minimization Cisco s Security Certifications Quitea few Cisco security certifications are available All of the Cisco security certifications also requirea valid CCNA Cisco Certified Security Professional CCSP You have to pass five exams to get your CCSP The pivotal exam is the SECUR Here are the exams you must pass to call the CCSP yours Exam 642 501 Securing Cisco IOS Networks SECUR This exam tests your understanding of such concepts as basic router security AAA security for Cisco routers and networks Cisco 10S Firewall configuration and authentication building basic and advanced IPSec VPN s and managing Cisco enterpriseVPN routers Sybex can help you passthe SECUR exam with the CCSP Securing Cisco IOS Networks Study Guide ISBN 0 7821 4231 1 Exam 642 521 Cisco Secure PIX Firewall Advanced CSPFA This exam challenges your knowle
28. sco networks T he business plan is simple If you want to sell more Cisco equipment and have more Cisco networks installed ensure that the networks you installed run properly However having an extraordinary product lineisn t all it takes to guarantee the huge success that Cisco enjoys lots of companies with great products are now defunct If you have compli cated products designed to solve complicated problems you need knowledgeable people who are fully capable of installing managing and troubleshooting those products That part isn t easy So Cisco began the CCIE program to equip peopleto support these complicated networks This program known colloquially as the Doctorate of N etworking has also been very success ful primarily dueto its extreme difficulty Cisco continually monitors the program making the changes needed to make sure that the program remains pertinent and accurately reflects the demands of today s internetworking business environments Building on the highly successful CCIE program Cisco Career Certifications permit you to become certified at various levels of technical proficiency spanning the disciplines of network design and support So whether you re beginning a career changing careers securing your present position or seeking to refine and promote your position this is the book for you xviii Introduction Cisco s Certifications Cisco has created several certification tracks that will help you become a
29. t be copy protected or encrypted However in all cases reselling or redistributing these files without authoriza tion is expressly forbidden except as specifically pro vided for by the O wner s therein To my parents for helping me become the person I am today Acknowledgments First would like to thank my wife M ichele for her support during this effort would also liketo thank the rest of my family for their moral support especially my parents and grandpar ents for their words of encouragement and motivation In addition thanks to the wonderful group of people at Sybex that helped meget through the process Especially thanks to Liz Burke and Heather O Conner for their assistance As always they were a great team to work with Contents at a Glance Introduction Assessment Test Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Methodology Chapter 2 Network Documentation Chapter 3 End System Documentation and Troubleshooting Chapter 4 Protocol Attributes Chapter 5 Cisco Diagnostic Commands and TCP IP Connectivity Troubleshooting Chapter 6 TCP IP Routing Protocol Troubleshooting Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Serial Line and Frame Relay Connectivity Chapter 8 Troubleshooting ISDN Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Switched Ethernet Chapter 10 Applying Cisco s Diagnostic Tools Glossary Index xvii XXIX 25 53 91 129 193 243 279 319 375 431 489 Table of Contents Introduction Assessment Test Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Methodology
30. tanding some of the more obscure terms used in this book Each chapter ends with review questions that are specifically designed to help you retain the knowledge presented To really nail down your skills read each question carefully How to Use This Book This book can provide a solid foundation for the serious effort of preparing for the CCN P CIT exam To best benefit from this book use the following study method 1 TaketheAssessment Test immediately following this Introduction The answers are at the end of the test Carefully read over the explanations for any question you get wrong and note which chapters the material comes from This information will help you plan your study strategy Introduction xxvii 2 Study each chapter carefully making sure that you fully understand the information and the test topics listed at the beginning of each chapter Pay extra close attention to any chap ter where you missed questions in the Assessment T est 3 Notethe questions that confuse you and study those sections of the book again 4 Before taking the exam try your hand at the two bonus exams included on the CD that comes with this book The questions in these exams appear only on theCD This will give you a complete overview of what you can expect to see on the real thing 5 Remember to use the products on the CD included with this book T he electronic flashcards and the EdgeT est exam preparation software haveall been specifically
31. twork Professional CCN P certification has opened many opportunities for the individual wishing to become Cisco certified but who is lacking the training the exper tise or the bucks to pass the notorious and often failed two day Cisco torture lab The new Cisco certifications will truly provide exciting new opportunities for the CN E and M CSE who don t see an obvious way to advance So you re thinking Great what do do after pass the CCNA exam Well if you want to become a CCIE in Routing and Switching the most popular certification understand that there s more than one path to the CCIE certification One way is to continue studying and become a Cisco Certified N etwork Professional CCN P That means taking four more tests in addition to obtaining the CCNA certification ie We ll discuss requirements for the CCIE exams later on in this introduction TE Remember that you don t need to be a CCNP or even a CCNA to take the CCIE P lab but to accomplish that it s extremely helpful if you already have these certifications Introduction xix TheCCNP program will prepare you to understand and comprehensively tackle the inter networking issues of today and beyond not limited to the Cisco world Y ou will undergo metamorphosis vastly increasing your knowledge and skills through the process of obtaining these certifications What Are the CCNP Certification Skills Cisco demands a certain level of proficiency for its CC
32. twork problems D All of the above 2 What are the benefits of gathering additional facts for troubleshooting Choose all that apply A Possible causes of problems may be identified B A specific problem definition may be created C Information is provided for a baseline D All of the above 3 Which of the following are key components of creating an action plan Choose all that apply A Multiple changes as long as they are documented B Changes that do not compromise security C Changes that have only brief network impact D Back out plans 4 How many methods of problem isolation exist A 2 B 3 Cc 4 D 6 5 Which of the following steps are part of the Cisco troubleshooting methodology Choose all that apply A Observation of results Observation of changes Iteration Documentation Problem definition Problem resolution 9 1 m g pg Troubleshooting
33. ty or fit ness for a particular purpose In no event will SY BEX its distributors or dealers be liable to you or any other party for direct indirect special incidental consequen tial or other damages arising out of the use of or inabil ity to use the Software or its contents even if advised of the possibility of such damage In the event that the Soft ware includes an online update feature SY BEX further disclaims any obligation to provide this feature for any specific duration other than the initial posting The exclusion of implied warranties is not permitted by some states Therefore the above exclusion may not apply to you This warranty provides you with specific legal rights there may be other rights that you may have that vary from state to state The pricing of the book with the Software by SY BEX reflects the allocation of risk and limitations on liability contained in this agree ment of Terms and Conditions Shareware Distribution This Software may contain various programs that are distributed as shareware Copyright laws apply to both shareware and ordinary commercial software and the copyright Owner s retains all rights If you try a share wareprogram and continue using it you are expected to register it Individual programs differ on details of trial periods registration and payment Please observe the requirements stated in appropriate files Copy Protection The Software in whole or in part may or may no
34. work Troubleshooting Study Guide you ll of course read the review questions at the end of each chapter and study the practice exams included in the book and on the CD But wait there s more Test yourself with the flashcards included on the CD If you can get through these difficult questions and understand the answers you ll know you ll be ready for the CCNP CIT exam The flashcards include 150 questions specifically written to hit you hard and makesure you are ready for the exam Between the review questions practice exam and flashcards you ll be more than prepared for the exam xxviii Introduction CCNP Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Study Guide in PDF Sybex offers this Cisco Certification book on the accompanying CD so that you can read the book on your PC or laptop The eBook isin Adobe Acrobat format and Acrobat Reader is included on the CD as well This is extremely helpful to readers who travel and don t want to carry a book as well as to readers who find it more comfortable reading from their computer How to Contact the Authors Y ou can reach Art Pfund by e mailing him at art pfund comcast net Assessment Test 1 Which are reasons for using a troubleshooting method Choose all that apply A Problem isolation and resolution will occur more quickly B No documentation needs to be done when following a method C Dueto complex topologies and technologies a systematic method is the most efficient way to resolve ne
35. yright owner s of any component software included on this media In the event that the Software or components include specific license requirements or end user agreements statements of condition disclaimers limitations or war ranties End User License those End User Licenses supersede theterms and conditions herein as to that par ticular Software component Y our purchase accep tance or use of the Software will constitute your acceptance of such End User Licenses By purchase use or acceptance of the Software you fur ther agree to comply with all export laws and regula tions of the United States as such laws and regulations may exist from time to time Reusable Code in This Book The author s created reusable code in this publication expressly for reuse by readers Sybex grants readers lim ited permission to reuse the code found in this publica tion its accompanying CD ROM or available for download from our website so long as the author s are attributed in any application containing the reusable code and the code itself is never distributed posted online by electronic transmission sold or commercially exploited as a stand alone product Software Support Components of the supplemental Software and any offers associated with them may be supported by the specific O wner s of that material but they are not sup ported by SY BEX Information regarding any available support may be obtained from the O wner s using the
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search