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ZyXEL P-870HW-51a User's Manual

1. NOST ERS OWED SUBNET MASK NO SUBNETS NOS S PER 1 255 255 128 0 17 32766 2 255 255 192 0 18 16382 3 255 255 224 0 19 8190 4 255 255 240 0 20 16 4094 5 255 255 248 0 21 32 2046 6 255 255 252 0 22 6A 1022 7 255 255 254 0 23 128 510 8 255 255 255 0 24 256 254 9 255 255 255 128 25 512 126 10 255 255 255 192 26 1024 62 11 255 255 255 224 27 2048 30 12 255 255 255 240 28 4096 14 13 255 255 255 248 29 8192 6 14 255 255 255 252 30 16384 2 15 255 255 255 254 31 32768 1 Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established If this is the case it is recommended that you select a network number from 192 168 0 0 to 192 168 255 0 The Internet Assigned Number Authority IANA reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise You must also enable Network Address Translation NAT on the ZyXEL Device Once you have decided on the network nu
2. M 181 18 1 Power Hardware Connections and LEDS esssessesseeenneenenenennnnnnnnnnnn 181 19 2 r AEL Device Access and LOG Ludus tesis cn od ap a Y RC a de aba abc a a pu ab a n td 182 its Inieihel DOSE ood e Dedi dq um Qai Ga iud di dbNq Le Qaid irc dE DN EM Mi o dE QU 183 Chapter 19 Product Specihcaton C 187 taa Hardware TW ADU ENT TTE 187 192 Firmwares II CNS isrado arkaa bated ahia na a ac Or ud 187 pEERUIC IAID q 190 Part VI Appendices and Index eeeeeiuiee eee eec eene nau nnn nna an uan nans 193 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address c ceceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeneaeeeeeeeaes 195 Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions sssss 225 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 15 Table of Contents Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting cceesccceeeesceeeeeeeneeeeeeeeneeeeeseaaeeeeensaeeeeeeaes 235 Append D Wireless LANS Pe 247 Appendix E Common PVCS a cca cease cess etm c remite eme sp S Rx pen n RU M iE A AR RA EAE REM MM C RUA 263 orsa opa F Legal i dn ir CBE E o EL En 267 271 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART Introduction Introducing the ZyXEL Device 19 Tutorials 25 Intro
3. 115 Chapter 9 zlii RE S EN E a 117 TOVERIN uci due t aM ER Co a REM HERR O ena biis 117 9 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapfer uices enda nanea kar aa 117 Ba VA ra NEE O OM sre a EE a 117 2 5 rhe Incoming IF Fitaring EP ONY aisssedagpke petri ia brennt a cada ar tn dca o ee 118 9 3 1 Creating Incoming Filtering RULES uoces steeeiiss ehe b as0oi a Ser Ud ieina 120 Part NV Tl 123 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 18 Table of Contents Chapter 10 STS 1l e 125 Re mE o Ee eio ution du mai 125 TOs What You Can Doin this GIBpIOl iuuenes oreet ua nitateddcaranmeecinaiiededeccdaaeeseie 125 TUS The Sonus Rouo SCEE sairia iaaio sug dead da ocabu bubo sae ride Fas 126 10 21 Siete Roe Ed ii siscs octsadddnncsianaauubbeoiasantnds deneauupeialacannssgniaaaaepieceduansceaaansbonidanianide 127 Chapter 11 Quality of Service Q09 M n 129 ES m 129 TELE What You Dan Do qn dus OWENS Suc itr d oS Ce UNIT NP DE Ei 129 T2 Wiat You WS IOW DE 130 11 3 The Quality of Service General Screen sssssssssssssssesesenn nent n ennt 130 TA The RUBUS setip SSOP IN Luci aet redit ren UI aM orc WDdon Gd oo pese atto EY un o Dep Qs RR e EU Rep UN eR 131 TAA Addi d EIOS CUBE ausasaseretdstaqad RU e poa ERRORS agat RR pid d Ran ted aoc ER 132 To The Ches ORL M M 133 Ge GS Clases GN iauucutuedseboenstetvesubuts
4. Active Select the check box to enable this classifier Modify Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the rule Click the remove icon to delete an existing rule Note that subsequent rules move up by one when you take this action Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS 11 5 1 QoS Class Edit Click the Add button or the edit icon in the Class Setup screen to configure a classifier Figure 67 QoS Class Setup Add Class Configuration Active Name Interface v Order Last v Ether Type v Tag Configuration Assign Classification Queue v Mark Differentiated Service Code Point y f DSCP Mark 802 1p priority v Tag VLAN ID Set Rate Control kbps Filter Configuration Source Address Subnet Netmask Port MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 MAC Mask 0 0 0 0 Destination Address Subnet Netmask Port 1 MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 MAC Mask 0 0 0 0 Others Protocol Differentiated Service Code Point DSCP 802 1p Priority The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 41 QoS Class Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select to enable or disable this classifier Name Enter a descriptive name of up to 20 printable English keyboard characters including spaces P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS
5. SECURITY INFO CLIENT 1 AP1 In step 2 you add another wireless client to the network You know that Client 1 supports registrar mode but it is better to use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new client since you must connect to the access point anyway in order to use the network In this case AP1 must be the registrar since it is configured it already has security information for the network AP1 supplies the existing security information to Client 2 Figure 52 WPS Example Network Step 2 REGISTRAR EXISTING CONNECTION c f CLIENT 1 6 AP1 e ENROLLEE o ye 9 Kl m ome CLIENT 2 In step 3 you add another access point AP2 to your network AP2 is out of range of AP1 so you cannot use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new access P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN point However you know that Client 2 supports the registrar function so you use it to perform the WPS handshake instead Figure 53 WPS Example Network Step 3 EXISTING CONNECTION i CLIENT 1 AP1 REGISTRAR m NES v CLIENT 2 ENROLLEE Ei CUR Iro ay a EN AP2 7 9 4 5 Limitations of WPS WPS has some limitations of which you should be aware WPS works in Infrastructure networks only where an AP and a wireless client communicate It does not work in Ad Hoc networks where there is no AP When you use WPS it works between two devices only You cannot enroll multiple
6. lililil T ju P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device 1 5 LEDs Lights The following graphic displays the labels of the LEDs Figure 2 LEDs on the Top of the Device Oo o o o Oo Oo Oo o o o oooo0oo0oo0o000 OOooooooooo OOoOoooooooo T 2s amp T O X L 2 ETHERNET WLAN WPS DSL INTERNET None of the LEDs are on if the ZyXEL Device is not receiving power Table 1 LED Descriptions LED COLO STATUS DESCRIPTION POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and ready for use Blinking The ZyXEL Device is self testing Red On The ZyXEL Device detected an error while self testing or there is a device malfunction Off The ZyXEL Device is not receiving power ETHERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has an Ethernet connection with a 1 4 device on the Local Area Network LAN Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending receiving data to from the LAN Off The ZyXEL Device does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 2 Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Table 1 LED Descriptions LED COLO STATUS DESCRIPTION WLAN Green On The wireless network is activated and is operating in IEEE WPS 802 11b g mode Blinking The ZyXEL Device is communicating with other wireless clients Orange Blinking The ZyXEL Device
7. Table 41 QoS Class Configuration continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Interface Select from which Ethernet port traffic of this class should come Select Local for any traffic from the LAN Order Select an existing number for where you want to put this classifier to move the classifier to the number you selected after clicking Apply Select Last to put this rule in the back of the classifier list Ether Type Select a predefined application to configure a class for the matched traffic If you select I P you also need to configure source or destination MAC address IP address DHCP options DSCP value or the protocol type If you select 8021Q you can only configure a 802 1p priority level Tag Configuration Assign Select a queue that applies to this class Classification Queue You should have configured a queue in the Queue Setup screen already Mark Select a DSCP value with which the ZyXEL Device replaces the DSCP Differentiated field in the packets Services Code EM Point DSCP If you select Auto Marking and there is a VLAN tag carried in the matched packets the ZyXEL Device will replace the IP ToS field with the 802 1p priority field Select default to set the DSCP value in the matched packets to 0 Mark 802 1p Select a priority level with which the ZyXEL Device replaces the IEEE priority 802 1 priority field in the packets Tag VLAN ID Select a VLAN ID number between 0 and 409
8. Figure 110 Windows Vista Network and Sharing Center QU gt P3 Network and Internet Network and Sharing Center 5 File Edit View Tools Help Tasks A Network and Sharing Center View computers and devices Connect to a network Set up a connectinn or network A f i J Manage network connections TWPC99111 Internet Diagnose ana repair This computer a Not connected 5 Right click Local Area Connection and then select Properties Figure 111 Windows Vista Network and Sharing Center LAN or High Sesed Internet MI Local Collapse group Left Arrow A pon x at no Expand all groups Collapse all groups Disable Status Diagnose Bridge Connections Create Shortcut Delete Rename Coe Note During this procedure click Continue whenever Windows displays a screen saying that it needs your permission to continue P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 201 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 6 Select Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 and then select Properties Figure 112 Windows Vista Local Area Connection Properties TU T E ID ti D mm Networking Connect using Lu Intel R PRO 1000 MT Desktop Connection This connection uses the following items o Client for Microsoft Networks v 1 Network Monitor3 Driver 5 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks lt K R KIKI wi wi Link
9. Table 52 Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Syslog Server P Address Select to enable or disable system logging Enter the server name or the IP address of the log server The logs will be stored in both the ZyXEL Device and the log server Otherwise enter 0 0 0 0 to store the logs in the local memory of the ZyXEL Device only Log Severity Select the severity level of the logs that you want the ZyXEL Device to record and send to the log server The ZyXEL Device records the logs with the severity level equal to or higher than what you selected The order of the log severity from the highest to the lowest is Emergency gt Alert gt Critical gt Error gt Warning gt Notice gt Informational gt Debugging Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previously saved settings P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 171 Chapter 16 Logs 172 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 17 1 17 1 1 Tools Do not interrupt the file transfer process as this may PERMANENTLY DAMAGE your ZyXEL Device Overview This chapter explains how to upload new firmware manage configuration files and restart your ZyXEL Device Use the instructions in this chapter to change the device s configuration file or upgrade its firmware After you configure your device you can backup the configuration file to a com
10. Table 66 Subnet 4 continued IP SUBNET MASK LAST OCTET BIT NETWORK NUMBER VALUE Subnet Address 192 168 1 192 Broadcast Address 192 168 1 255 Lowest Host ID 192 168 1 193 Highest Host ID 192 168 1 254 Example Eight Subnets Similarly use a 27 bit mask to create eight subnets 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 and 111 The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet Table 67 Eight Subnets SUBNET SUBNET FIRST ADDRESS LAST ss ADDRESS 7 1 30 31 3 zm 33 62 63 Bs 8 M 9 2 OE 97 126 127 5 128 129 ros unie lic eos L lier 114580 SE 3 7 192 193 222 223 8 224 225 254 255 Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24 bit network number Table 68 24 bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO PORROWED SUBNET MASK NO SUBNETS NO HOSTS PER 1 255 255 255 128 25 126 2 255 255 255 192 26 4 62 3 255 255 255 224 27 30 4 255 255 255 240 28 16 14 5 255 255 255 248 29 32 6 6 255 255 255 252 30 64 2 7 255 255 255 254 31 128 1 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16 bit network number Table 69 16 bit Network Number Subnet Planning
11. Time Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Current Time Current Time This field displays the time of your ZyXEL Device Each time you reload this page the ZyXEL Device synchronizes the time with the time server Current Date This field displays the date of your ZyXEL Device Each time you reload this page the ZyXEL Device synchronizes the date with the time server Time Zone Setup Automatically Select this radio button to have the ZyXEL Device get the time and date synchronize from the time server you specified below with Internet time servers P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 1 67 Chapter 15 System Settings Table 50 Maintenance gt System gt Time Setting continued LABEL DESCRIPTION First NTP time server Second NTP time server Third NTP time server Fourth NTP time server Fifth NTP time server Time zone offset Select an NTP time server from the drop down list box Otherwise select Other and enter the IP address or URL up to 20 extended ASCII characters in length of your time server Select None if you don t want to configure the time server Check with your ISP network administrator if you are unsure of this information Choose the time zone of your location This will set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time GMT Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin
12. v 802 11b v 802 11g Back Next Exit P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 33 Chapter 2 Tutorials 7 10 11 Verify the profile settings in the read only screen Click Save to save and go to the next screen Figure 16 Profile Confirm Save Confirm Save gt Network Name SSID SSID Example3 gt Network Type Infrastructure gt Network Mode 802 11b g gt Channel Auto gt Security WPA PSK Back Save Exit Click Activate Now to use the new profile immediately Otherwise click the Activate Later button If you clicked Activate Later you can select the profile from the list in the Profile screen and click Connect to activate it Note Only one profile can be activated and used at any given time Figure 17 Profile Activate 0 Your network has been configured successfully Activate Now Activate Later When you activate the new profile the ZyXEL utility returns to the Link Info screen while it connects to the AP using your settings When the wireless link is established the ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays details of the active connection Open your Internet browser enter http www zyxel com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar and press ENTER If you are able to access the web site your new profile is successfully configured If you cannot access the Internet go back to the Profile screen
13. Apply Now 9 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 5 For statically assigned settings do the following From the Configure I Pv4 list select Manually In the IP Address field type your IP address n the Subnet Mask field type your subnet mask In the Router field type the IP address of your device Figure 118 Mac OS X 10 4 Network Preferences gt Ethernet ean Network 4 Show All Q Location Automatic E Show Built in Ethernet m TCP IP PPPoE AppleTalk Proxies Ethernet Configure IPv4 Manually H4 IP Address 0 0 0 0 Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 Router 0 0 0 0 DNS Servers Search Domains Optional IPv6 Address Configure IPv6 Q nl Click the lock to prevent further changes Assist me Apply Now 6 Click Apply Now and close the window P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 207 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Verifying Settings Check your TCP IP properties by clicking Applications gt Utilities gt Network Utilities and then selecting the appropriate Network Interface from the I nfo tab Figure 119 Mac OS X 10 4 Network Utility e e e Network Utility info Netstat AppleTalk Ping Lookup Traceroute Whois Finger Port Scan erface for information Network Interface enO E Transfer Statistics Hardware Address 00 16 cb 8b 50 2
14. Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet Figure 57 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example A 192 168 1 33 192 168 1 1 B 192 168 1 34 ums 3 e D j D et D 192 168 1 36 C 192 168 1 35 ux XE IP address assigned by ISP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 113 Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART IH Security IP Filter 9 1 Overview This chapter shows you how to enable and configure the ZyXEL Device IP filtering settings The ZyXEL Device firewall is a packet filtering firewall and restricts access based on the source destination computer network address of a packet and the type of application 9 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The IP Filtering Incoming screen lets you view and configure incoming IP filtering rules Section 9 3 on page 118 9 2 What You Need to Know The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter Basics Computers share information over the Internet using a common language called TCP IP TCP IP in turn is a set of application protocols that perform specific functions An extension number called the TCP port or UDP port identifies these protocols such as HTTP Web FTP File Transfer Protocol POP3 E mail etc For example Web traffic
15. Destination This indicates the destination IP address of this route Gateway This indicates the IP address of the gateway that helps forward this route s traffic ue This indicates the destination subnet mask of this route Mas P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens Table 5 Status gt Route Info continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Flag This indicates the route status Up The route is up Reject The route is blocked and will force a route lookup to fail Gateway The route uses a gateway to forward traffic Host The target of the route is a host Reinstate The route is reinstated for dynamic routing Dynamic redirect The route is dynamically installed by a routing daemon or redirect Modified redirect The route is modified from a routing daemon or rederict Metric The metric represents the cost of transmission A router determines the best route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest cost The smaller the number the lower the cost Service This indicates the name of the service used to forward the route Interface This indicates the name of the interface through which the route is forwarded brO indicates the LAN interface ptmO indicates the WAN interface using ENET ENCAP or in bridge mode pppO indicates the WAN interface using PPPoE P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens 4 1 3 WLAN Station List Click Status gt WLA
16. Table 51 Maintenance gt Logs gt View Log LABEL DESCRIPTION Display Select a category of logs to view The ZyXEL Device displays the logs with the severity level equal to or higher than what you selected The order of the log severity from the highest to the lowest is Emergency gt Alert gt Critical gt Error gt Warning gt Notice gt Informational gt Debugging Refresh Click this button to renew the log screen This field is a sequential value and is not associated with a specific entry Date Time This field displays the time the log was recorded Facility This field displays the system module from which the logs come Severity This field displays the severity type of the log Message This field states the reason for the log 16 3 The Log Settings Screen Use the Log Settings screen to configure to where the ZyXEL Device is to send logs and which logs and or immediate alerts the ZyXEL Device is to record and display 170 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 16 Logs To change your ZyXEL Device s log settings click Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings The screen appears as shown Figure 91 Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings Active Log Severity Log Settings Syslog Logging Syslog Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Server Name or IP Address Debugging The following table describes the fields in this screen
17. packet key mixing function a Message Integrity Check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism WPA and WPA2 regularly change and rotate the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key PMK key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients This all happens in the background automatically The Message Integrity Check MIC is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets altering them and resending them The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC If they do not match it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism MIC with TKIP and AES it is more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi Fi network than WEP and difficult for an intruder to break into the network The encryption mechanisms used for WPA 2 and WPA 2 PSK are the same The only difference between the two is that WPA 2 PSK uses a simple common password instead of user specific credentials The common password appr
18. 18 2 ZyXEL Device Access and Login forgot the IP address for the ZyXEL Device 1 The default IP address is 192 168 1 1 2 Ifyou changed the IP address and have forgotten it you might get the IP address of the ZyXEL Device by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer To do this in most Windows computers click Start Run enter cmd and then enter ipconfig The IP address of the Default Gateway might be the IP address of the ZyXEL Device it depends on the network so enter this IP address in your Internet browser 3 If this does not work you have to reset the device to its factory defaults See Section 1 6 on page 22 forgot the password 1 The default password is 1234 2 If this does not work you have to reset the device to its factory defaults See Section 1 6 on page 22 cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator 1 Make sure you are using the correct IP address The default IP address is 192 168 1 1 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 18 Troubleshooting f you changed the IP address Section on page 76 use the new IP address f you changed the IP address and have forgotten it see the troubleshooting suggestions for forgot the IP address for the ZyXEL Device 2 Check the hardware connections and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected See the Quick Start Guide 3 Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop up
19. 25 2 1 Howto Set upa Wireless NebNORK ssasies riy dts tet aasegetacaxcannsncsaxcuees AEA 25 211 EXGIIDIS Faame CI TTE EO LL DL 25 212 CONNU TE IS sasien iaei aaa usas dens tta aed ad edet ed 25 2 1 9 Contouring the Wireless Cheni siiscc cassscoleaciasviecarsctatideniccendedest ea si ee ai RU 28 Chapter 3 introducing the Web Gorter ath sssini aanraai aaa asara inai 35 AI Web Conmiguratar OVIEN sarsa taena apis ax bo aa AS E AAA 35 3 1 1 Accessing The Web Contigurator scciccessdergencolagitcassacudpaciaioderantueadaetoigvicertpasenisamnacuieds 35 3 2 Web Configurator Main Beregi siririna ia e R Eaa E Ei 36 ce Sue e 37 rita EPIIT Fee 38 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Table of Contents mn AU UN AD eaters yp bed octec hey ecttecteeedasent asaedaatansiaraiwendauibaued esr a Up Lupa E LE rad 38 Chapter 4 Status DEIBBHS oeconomus M ME IL ME c EI dE 39 oh UNG eNO a E TE Tr 39 2 1 1 WAN Service SIal SOR ccccccccscecciet acd ccicccnutendseadenmeadded as icio E s E eiu icti Ese REC URGE 42 LM BUS TC TH DECANO E E E E I ENE RE 43 2 15 VILAM Saon LISE cuiu taiscies ide scia as UNI Me tcu ge IDE id IM LL SEA ICI PED LE LDPE 45 E X Eee I s ERR Et EET 46 SM ERE A ANI NER TOI EST 47 Fari PELIS RTI 49 Chapter 5 po E se 51 Be Ns RETE EU RM 51 Bl Wiat You Gan Do inr tls Grape usos avete t adeat de ERR RO baa ix 51 5 2 What You Need to KNOW 1 eee rim mentam ks cd hs rnm k kx ke cuan ciat
20. AH User Defined 51 The IPSEC AH Authentication IPSEC_TUNNEL Header tunneling protocol uses this service AIM New ICQ TCP 5190 AOL s Internet Messenger service It is also used as a listening port by ICQ AUTH TCP 113 Authentication protocol used by some servers BGP TCP 179 Border Gateway Protocol BOOTP CLIENT UDP 68 DHCP Client BOOTP SERVER UDP 67 DHCP Server CU SEEME TCP 7648 A popular videoconferencing solution from White Pines Software UDP 24032 DNS TCP UDP 53 Domain Name Server a service that matches web names for example www zyxel com to IP numbers P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix E Common Services Table 74 Commonly Used Services continued NAME PROTOCOL PORT S DESCRIPTION ESP User Defined 50 The IPSEC ESP Encapsulation IPSEC_TUNNEL Security Protocol tunneling protocol uses this service FINGER TCP 79 Finger is a UNIX or Internet related command that can be used to find out if a user is logged on FTP TCP 20 File Transfer Program a program to enable fast transfer of files including TCP 21 large files that may not be possible by e mail H 323 TCP 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol HTTP TCP 80 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol a client server protocol for the world wide web HTTPS TCP 443 HTTPS is a secured http session often used in e commerce ICMP User Defined 1 Internet Control Message Protocol is
21. FTP v Enable V Enable HTTP v Enable Enable SNMP C Enable Enable SSH v Enable V Enable TELNET v Enable C Enable TFTP v Enable C Enable Note Active IP Filter on WAN before enable Access Control Save Apply P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 13 Remote Management The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 45 Access Control Services LABEL DESCRIPTION Service Control Select Enable to turn on service control Otherwise select Disable Mode Services This is the service you may use to access the ZyXEL Device LAN Select the Enable check box for the corresponding services that you want to allow access to the ZyXEL Device from the LAN WAN Select the Enable check box for the corresponding services that you want to allow access to the ZyXEL Device from the WAN Save Apply Click this button to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device 13 4 The IP Address Screen Click Advanced gt Remote MGMT gt IP Address to open the following screen Use this screen to specify the trusted computers from which an administrator may use a service to manage the ZyXEL Device Figure 71 IP Address IPAddress Access Control IP Address The IP Address Access Control mode if enabled permits access to local management services from IP addresses contained in the Access Control List If the Access Control mode is disabled the
22. If you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default device IP address 192 168 1 1 See Appendix A on page 195 for details on how to set up your computer s IP address P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 177 Chapter 17 Tools If the upload was not successful the following screen will appear Click Tools gt Configuration to go back to the Configuration screen Figure 99 Configuration Upload Error Reset to Factory Defaults Click the Reset button to clear all user entered configuration information and return the ZyXEL Device to its factory defaults The following warning screen appears Figure 100 Reset Warning Message Microsoft Internet Explorer YD Are you sure you want to reset to factory default settings You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory defaults of your ZyXEL Device Refer to Section 1 6 on page 22 for more information on the RESET button 17 4 The Restart Screen System restart allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without turning the power off 178 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 17 Tools Click Maintenance gt Tools gt Restart Click Restart to have the ZyXEL Device reboot This does not affect the ZyXEL Device s configuration Figure 101 Maintenance gt Tools gt Restart System Restart then stays steady on if the restart is successf
23. Other PPPoE Features PPPoE idle time out PPPoE dial on demand Multiple PVC Permanent Virtual Circuits Support Your device supports up to 8 Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs IP Alias IP alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same Ethernet interface Your device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface with the your device itself as the gateway for each LAN network Packet Filters Your device s packet filtering function allows added network security and management ADSL Standards Support ITU G 992 1 G dmt Annex B U R2 EOC specified in ITU T G 992 1 ADSL2 G dmt bis G 992 3 ADSL2 G lite bis G 992 4 ADSL 2 24 AnnexM ADSL2 G 992 5 Reach Extended ADSL RE ADSL SRA Seamless Rate Adaptation Auto negotiating rate adaptation ADSL physical connection ATM AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer type 5 Multi protocol over AAL5 RFC 2684 1483 PPP over ATM AAL5 RFC 2364 PPP over Ethernet RFC 2516 Multiple PPPoE VC based and LLC based multiplexing Up to 8 PVCs Permanent Virtual Circuits 1 610 F4 F5 OAM Zero configuration P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 19 Product Specifications Table 56 Firmware Specifications continued Other Protocol PPP Point to Point Protocol link layer protocol SpE Transparent bridging for unsupported network layer protocols RIP I RIP II CMP A
24. channel PPTP_TUNNEL User Defined 47 PPTP Point to Point Tunneling GRE Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks This is the data channel RCMD TCP 512 Remote Command Service REAL_AUDIO TCP 7070 A streaming audio service that enables real time sound over the web REXEC TCP 514 Remote Execution Daemon RLOGIN TCP 513 Remote Login RTELNET TCP 107 Remote Telnet RTSP TCP UDP 554 The Real Time Streaming media control Protocol RTSP is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet SFTP TCP 115 Simple File Transfer Protocol SMTP TCP 25 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the message exchange standard for the Internet SMTP enables you to move messages from one e mail server to another SNMP TCP UDP 161 Simple Network Management Program SNMP TRAPS TCP UDP 162 Traps for use with the SNMP RFC 1215 SQL NET TCP 1521 Structured Query Language is an interface to access data on many different types of database systems including mainframes midrange systems UNIX systems and network servers SSH TCP UDP 22 Secure Shell Remote Login Program STRM WORKS UDP 1558 Stream Works Protocol SYSLOG UDP 514 Syslog allows you to send system logs to a UNIX server TACACS UDP 49 Login Host Protocol used for Terminal Access Controller Access Control System TELNET TCP 23 Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in UNIX environments It operates over TCP IP networks I
25. each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary or O to 255 in decimal P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide EJ Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets 192 168 1 are the network number and the fourth octet 16 is the host ID Figure 150 Network Number and Host ID 192 168 1 16 P i x a uf i 1 I mm li i n t i I i n i t i t i n 4 a A ap EB Eee eee m m m m m 9 How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask Subnet Masks A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number and which bits are part of the host ID using a logical AND operation The term subnet is short for sub network A subnet mask has 32 bits If a bit in the subnet mask is a 1 then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number If a bit in the subnet mask is 0 then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number in bold text and host ID of an IP address 192 168 1 2 in decimal Table 59 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example 1ST 2ND 3RD ATH OCTET OCTET OCTET OCTET 192 168 1 2 IP Address Binary 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000010 Subnet
26. gt Administration gt Network Tools and then selecting the appropriate Network device from the Devices P 870HW 51a v2 Users Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address tab The Interface Statistics column shows data if your connection is working properly Figure 131 Ubuntu 8 Network Tools mr Devices Network Tools meme Tool Edit Help Network device j Ethernet Interface ethO Configure IP Information Protocol IP Address Netmask Prefix Broadcast Scope IPv4 10 0 2 15 255 255 255 0 10 0 2 255 IPv6 fe80 a00 27ff fe30 el6c 64 Link Interface Information Interface Statistics Hardware address 08 00 27 30 e1 6c E amp bee UTSS 684 6 KiB Multicast Enabled Transmitted packets 1425 MTU 1500 Transmission errors 0 Link speed not available Received bytes 219 5 KiB State Active Received packets 1426 Reception errors 0 Collisions 0 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 217 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Linux openSUSE 10 3 KDE This section shows you how to configure your computer s TCP IP settings in the K Desktop Environment KDE using the openSUSE 10 3 Linux distribution The procedure screens and file locations may vary depending on your specific distribution release version and individual configuration The following screens use the default openSUSE 10 3 installation Note Make sure you are logged in as the root administrato
27. spare bandwidth Level 1 This is typically used for non critical background traffic such as bulk transfers that are allowed but that should not affect other applications and users Level 0 Typically used for best effort traffic DiffServ QoS is used to prioritize source to destination traffic flows All packets in the flow are given the same priority You can use CoS class of service to give different priorities to different packet types DiffServ Differentiated Services is a class of service CoS model that marks packets so that they receive specific per hop treatment at DiffServ compliant network devices along the route based on the application types and traffic flow Packets are marked with DiffServ Code Points DSCPs indicating the level of service desired This allows the intermediary DiffServ compliant network devices to handle the packets differently depending on the code points without the need to negotiate paths or remember state information for every flow In addition applications do not have to request a particular service or give advanced notice of where the traffic is going P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS DSCP and Per Hop Behavior DiffServ defines a new Differentiated Services DS field to replace the Type of Service TOS field in the IP header The DS field contains a 2 bit unused field and a 6 bit DSCP field which can define up to 64 service levels The following fig
28. 0000 0 255 255 255 12 25 1000 0000 128 8 255 255 255 19 26 1100 0000 192 2 255 255 255 22 27 1110 0000 224 4 255 255 255 24 28 1111 0000 240 0 255 255 255 24 29 1111 1000 248 8 255 255 255 25 30 1111 1100 252 2 You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub networks In the following example a network administrator creates two sub networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons In this example the company network address is 192 168 1 0 The first three octets of the address 192 168 1 are the network number and the remaining octet is the host ID allowing a maximum of 28 2 or 254 possible hosts P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting The following figure shows the company network before subnetting Figure 151 Subnetting Example Before Subnetting qVqeEmm Em Em Em EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN OE a i I i n I i Internet I I 4 I wa I E y I i a I I y 192 168 1 0 24 4 4 eee eee ee um umm m m m m um You can borrow one of the host ID bits to divide the network 192 168 1 0 into two separate sub networks The subnet mask is now 25 bits 255 255 255 128 or 25 The borrowed host ID bit can have a value of either O or 1 allowing two subnets 192 168 1 0 25 and 192 168 1 128 25 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix
29. 112 G G 992 1 189 G 992 3 189 G 992 4 189 G 992 5 189 H hidden node 249 host 166 host name 40 HTTP 112 117 118 HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol 174 humidity 187 IANA 76 244 IBSS 247 IEEE 802 11g 251 IEEE 802 11g wireless LAN 190 IEEE 802 11i 190 IEEE 802 1Q 66 GMP 67 70 77 version 67 IGMP proxy 190 IGMP v1 190 IGMP v2 190 Independent Basic Service Set See IBSS 247 initialization vector IV 257 install UPnP 151 Windows Me 151 Windows XP 153 internal routing table 43 Internet access 20 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority See IANA 244 P Address 111 IP address 76 P Address Assignment 64 IP alias 189 IP filter basics 117 272 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Index creating or eiding rules 120 introduction 117 policies 118 IP multicasting 190 IP pool 72 IP pool setup 75 L LAN statistics 46 LAN TCP IP 75 logs 169 overview 169 settings 170 MAC 40 MAC address 40 MAC address filter action 92 MAC filter 91 managing the device good habits 20 memory usage 41 Message Integrity Check MIC 257 MTU Multi Tenant Unit 66 multicast 67 70 77 multiple PVC support 189 N NAT 76 107 243 default server 111 DMZ host 111 external port 109 internal port 109 port forwarding 108 port number 108 112 services 112 Symmetric 65 NAT example 113 NAT traversal 149 Network Address Translation see NAT NNTP 112 O OAM 189 operation humidity 187 operatio
30. 4 Status Screens Table 3 Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION LAN Click this link to view packet specific statistics on the LAN and WLAN Statistics interfaces See Section 4 1 4 on page 46 Client List Click this link to view current DHCP client information See Section 4 1 5 on page 47 4 1 1 WAN Service Statistics Click Status gt WLAN Service Statistics to access this screen Use this screen to view the WAN statistics Figure 21 Status gt WAN Service Statistics 1 WAN Services Statistics Faraz vate cree rons svter_ vite errs 0 0 0 ptm 2 test 0 0 402192 1368 ptm 1 INTERNET 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Refresh Interval mmm Set Interval The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 4 Status gt WAN Service Statistics LABEL DESCRIPTION Interface This shows the name of the WAN interface used by this connection The default name ptm0O indicates the DSL port The last number represents the index number of connections over the same PVC or the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection Description This shows the descriptive name of this connection Received Bytes This indicates the number of bytes received on this interface Pkts This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface Errs This indicates the number of frames with errors received on this interface P 870HW 51a v
31. 45 Wireless tutorial 25 WLAN interference 249 security parameters 260 WLAN button 23 WPA 256 key caching 258 pre authentication 258 user authentication 258 vs WPA PSK 257 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 275 Index 276 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide
32. 64 128 256 bit WLAN bridge to LAN Up to 32 MAC Address filters IEEE 802 1x Store up to 32 built in user profiles using EAP MD5 Local User Database External RADIUS server using EAP MD5 TLS TTLS The following list which is not exhaustive illustrates the standards supported in the ZyXEL Device Table 58 Standards Supported STANDARD DESCRIPTION RFC 867 Daytime Protocol RFC 868 Time Protocol RFC 1058 RIP 1 Routing Information Protocol RFC 1112 IGMP v1 RFC 1157 SNMPv1 Simple Network Management Protocol version 1 RFC 1305 Network Time Protocol NTP version 3 RFC 1441 SNMPv2 Simple Network Management Protocol version 2 RFC 1483 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 RFC 1631 IP Network Address Translator NAT RFC 1661 The Point to Point Protocol PPP RFC 1723 RIP 2 Routing Information Protocol RFC 1901 SNMPv2c Simple Network Management Protocol version 2c RFC 2236 Internet Group Management Protocol Version 2 RFC 2364 PPP over AAL5 PPP over ATM over ADSL P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 19 Product Specifications Table 58 Standards Supported continued STANDARD DESCRIPTION RFC 2408 Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol ISAKMP RFC 2516 A Method for Transmitting PPP Over Ethernet PPPoE RFC 2684 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 RFC 2
33. AP Status WLAN Station List WLAN Station List i 00 03 7F BF 16 8C SSID Example3 Refresh Interval 2 1 3 Configuring the Wireless Client This section describes how to connect the wireless client to a network 2 1 3 1 Connecting to a Wireless LAN The following sections show you how to join a wireless network using the ZyXEL utility as in the following diagram The wireless client is labeled C and the access point is labeled AP __ K Cte C AP There are three ways to connect the client to an access point Configure nothing and leave the wireless client to automatically scan for and connect to any available network that has no wireless security configured Manually connect to a network Configure a profile to have the wireless client automatically connect to a specific network or peer computer P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 2 Tutorials This example illustrates how to manually connect your wireless client to an access point AP which is configured for WPA PSK security and connected to the Internet Before you connect to the access point you must know its Service Set IDentity SSID and WPA PSK pre shared key In this example the SSID is SSID Example3 and the pre shared key is ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey After you install the ZyXEL utility and then insert the wireless client follow the steps below to connect to a network using the Site Survey screen 1 Open the ZyXEL u
34. Add LABEL DESCRIPTION Destination IP This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination Address Routing is always based on network number If you need to specify a route to a single host use a subnet mask of 255 255 255 255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number to be identical to the host ID IP Subnet Enter the IP subnet mask here Mask Use Interface Select a WAN interface through which the traffic is sent You must have the WAN interface s already configured in the WAN screens If you select a WAN interface using ENET ENCAP you must specify the gateway IP address Use Gateway Select this option and enter the IP address of the next hop gateway The IP Address gateway is a router or switch on the same segment as your ZyXEL Device s interface s The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations Back Click Back to return to the previous screen without saving Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 127 Chapter 10 Static Route P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Quality of Service QoS 11 1 Overview Quality of Service QoS refers to both a network s ability to deliver data with minimum delay and the networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth Without QoS all traffic data is equally likely to be drop
35. Advanced Setup General wes WPS Station MAC Filter Advanced Setup Wireless Advanced Setup RTS CTS Threshold 2344 Fragmentation Threshold 2344 ET B E Number of Wireless Stations Allowed 16 Output Power 10096 54g Mode 54g Auto v 54g Protection Auto Y Preamble Long 6 Open the Status screen Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under Device Information and check if the WLAN connection is up under Interface Status Figure 5 AP Status Host Name i234 System Uptime 0 0 20 Model Number P 870HW 51a V2 Current Date Time 1 Jan 2000 00 20 59 MAC Address 00 19 cb d1 79 04 System Mode Routing Bridging ocean ZyNOS Firmware 1 00 AWZ 0 b4 CPU Usage Version y Memory Usage 70 DSL Firmware Version AvC010a d21i3 WAN 1 Information ip ogon IP Address 0 0 0 0 nterface Status IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 IP Address 192 168 1 1 ES E IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 i BSE Nasya NDDST kbps i DHCP Server LAN Up 100M Full LAN Information ESSID SSID Example3 Channel 6 LAN 2 Disabled 100M Full WPS Status Unconfigured LAN 1 Disabled 100M Full LAN 3 Disabled 100M Full WLAN Up 54M i yes Client List WLAN Station List P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 27 Chapter 2 Tutorials Click the WLAN Station List hyperlink in the AP s Status screen You can see if any wireless client has connected to the AP Figure 6
36. Antenna gain is sometimes specified in dBi which is how much the antenna increases the signal power compared to using an isotropic antenna An isotropic antenna is a theoretical perfect antenna that sends out radio signals equally well in all directions dBi represents the true gain that the antenna provides Types of Antennas for WLAN There are two types of antennas used for wireless LAN applications P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs Omni directional antennas send the RF signal out in all directions on a horizontal plane The coverage area is torus shaped like a donut which makes these antennas ideal for a room environment With a wide coverage area it is possible to make circular overlapping coverage areas with multiple access points Directional antennas concentrate the RF signal in a beam like a flashlight does with the light from its bulb The angle of the beam determines the width of the coverage pattern Angles typically range from 20 degrees very directional to 120 degrees less directional Directional antennas are ideal for hallways and outdoor point to point applications Positioning Antennas In general antennas should be mounted as high as practically possible and free of obstructions In point to point application position both antennas at the same height and in a direct line of sight to each other to attain the best performance For omni directional antennas mounted on a table de
37. C IP Addresses and Subnetting The following figure shows the company network after subnetting There are now two sub networks A and B Figure 152 Subnetting Example After Subnetting B if h hb2 s e D 2 D et 1192 168 1 0 25 4 192 168 1 128 251 eee eee um um um PP eom um um um um um umo In a 25 bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits so each sub network has a maximum of 2 2 or 126 possible hosts a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet s address itself all ones is the subnet s broadcast address 192 168 1 0 with mask 255 255 255 128 is subnet A itself and 192 168 1 127 with mask 255 255 255 128 is its broadcast address Therefore the lowest IP address that can be assigned to an actual host for subnet A is 192 168 1 1 and the highest is 192 168 1 126 Similarly the host ID range for subnet B is 192 168 1 129 to 192 168 1 254 Example Four Subnets The previous example illustrated using a 25 bit subnet mask to divide a 24 bit address into two subnets Similarly to divide a 24 bit address into four subnets you need to borrow two host ID bits to give four possible combinations 00 01 10 and 11 The subnet mask is 26 bits 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 or 255 255 255 192 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits giving 29 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet itself
38. Chapter 4 Status Screens P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART II Network WAN Setup 51 LAN Setup 69 Wireless LAN 79 Network Address Translation NAT 107 WAN Setup 5 1 Overview This chapter discusses the ZyXEL Device s WAN screens Use these screens to configure your ZyXEL Device for Internet access A WAN Wide Area Network connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet It connects your private networks such as a LAN Local Area Network and other networks so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations Figure 26 LAN and WAN WAN Internet 3 RE JJ See Section 5 6 on page 63 for advanced technical information on WAN 5 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The I nternet Connection screen lets you configure the WAN settings on the ZyXEL Device for Internet access Section 5 4 on page 53 The More Connections screen lets you set up additional Internet access connections Section 5 5 on page 57 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 5 2 What You Need to Know Encapsulation Method Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol To set up a WAN connection to the Internet you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your ISP Internet Service Provider If your ISP offers a dial up Internet connection using PPPoE PPP over Ethernet or PP
39. Check your TCP IP properties by clicking Applications gt Utilities gt Network Utilities and then selecting the appropriate Network interface from the Info tab Figure 124 Mac OS X 10 5 Network Utility 900 Network utility o Netstat AppleTalk Ping Lookup Traceroute Whois Finger PortScan Please aterface for information Network Interface en1 WELL EXER La Transfer Statistics Hardware Address 00 30 65 25 6a b3 Sent Packets 1230 IP Address es 10 0 2 2 Send Errors 0 Link Speed 11 Mbit s Recv Packets 1197 Link Status Active Recv Errors 0 Vendor Apple Collisions 0 Model Wireless Network Adapter 802 11 Linux Ubuntu 8 GNOME This section shows you how to configure your computer s TCP IP settings in the GNU Object Model Environment GNOME using the Ubuntu 8 Linux distribution The procedure screens and file locations may vary depending on your specific distribution release version and individual configuration The following screens use the default Ubuntu 8 installation Note Make sure you are logged in as the root administrator Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address in GNOME 212 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 1 Click System Administration Network Figure 125 Ubuntu 8 System Administration Menu System X Preferences Halbsnd 7 re Hardware Drivers elp and Suppo About GNOME G
40. Device The key is not sent over the network 7 5 The WPS Screen Use this screen to configure WiFi Protected Setup WPS on your ZyXEL Device WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security without having to configure security settings manually Set up each WPS connection between two devices Both devices must support WPS P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Click Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS The following screen displays Figure 44 Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS WPS Setup Enable wes PIN Number Note WPS Status WPS Status 11866428 Generate This feature is available only when WPA PSK WPA2 PSK or OPEN mode is configured Unconfigured Apply The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 22 Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS LABEL DESCRIPTION WPS Setup Enable WPS Select the check box to activate WPS on the ZyXEL Device PIN Number This shows the PIN Personal Identification Number of the ZyXEL Device Enter this PIN in the configuration utility of the device you want to connect to using WPS The PIN is not necessary when you use WPS push button method Generate Click this button to have the ZyXEL Device create a new PIN WPS Status This displays Configured when the ZyXEL Device has connected to a wireless network using WPS or Enable WPS is selected and wireless or wi
41. E E OE E EA E L Fam ctsat it aa uda eheu 80 73 Blore WOW Bogin e 82 2 Te tard SONS ient i eio Ian Rd Renee E Rie eM SE 82 CNET err P LR 84 LAS WEP Ey qui 85 Dh a roi MCCC rper 86 poc Vip UH Ie t Re T NE 88 Ze The UPS GO BB qiiam end M a E S a M une td 89 76 The WPS Siation Sreem To ETT 91 Sek Ti RAS PUB SOME rere 91 78 Theddvanead Setup SABO simios oak eos idporta bcc d ad Rica dd LO c apod aes 93 9 lechnical PROT Be NGS cas caicdiciace eel rden tete Ui edes meats quoe ASRS 94 79 0 Wireless Network Overview Lessius e sco pto ot ace aM iaaa ttm dads 95 7 9 2 Additonal Wireless TENTS EET ER SET 96 7 9 3 Wireless Gec rity CIVISPEIBVW secccicccusssicadinnssincemsaedeiciemeoes racer eminem 96 3 8 4 WIFI Protected Sete ueposrobonddr nuu Gaba Dopod e emocional lace pd Pod a pof 98 Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT cesse esee e eee eese eese e esee eere eren nee 107 ST DOS IBN oe a disite dieit nd EM bp aate teu ota ane tau dete teles ccu dst irc Ex es eect ee 107 8 1 1 What You Can Doin this Chapter E dcicsnaepeadanniedescigasmiededeas 107 oA Ing TOU NESO TO RION soista inea aE aati aE Se Druck ASE aaa 107 63 The Pot Forwarding SOBSBI eisir e E S EN 108 8 9 1 The Porn Forwarding Bat SGEE 35 eei t e naei 110 8 4 The DMZ Host Seen oorreageer Kadak Ta 111 Do Tecin PRE EEE oii D D Dm 112 AES A
42. E ker xn aM Rcs PER esq a 52 iad Bolore VOU Bogi e 52 54 The Intemet Gonnection BESOIN suce sept Ee nera Rege mata EFE Flag t ELE kp NAANA 53 5 4 1 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ocior teresa irren a ine nnn ad oc A aere Reda 56 5 5 The Mare Connections SOFBBII aues busco ce ge i oed ne pates bec eeepc co tee ven ODER toad 57 5 5 1 More Connections Edit c contd anana k v o ka ski NAR N 59 5 5 2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup sssssse 62 BB lechnical PT s re a e Led ar het pr pei caet b REO IY Lise e Fabii e E sd dea dd 63 Chapter 6 Wl beo Mee 69 SOUND EUIS aaa 69 6 11 Whal Vou Can Doin this OMA PIED ie ee aiaia o 69 6 2 What YOU N ed To KNOW seccuisicasciicxcnsscuxiarerdansncninesanduns tam Dr ti sarai ko scd anaa Ca din gei 70 ORO Eo dp er ED C D E S S S D 71 Bd Te LAMP EB oot diced uires ss ET eiu eo UU D I LL LM OD EE 71 6 5 The Client List SCs isi ee conta ca uU E Enel eeu Ex Y AU RR E Loca x ME deaaeroumia RA Rd 72 E6 TP Alias SOOO MORET 73 6 6 1 Configuring the LAN IP Alias SGOIGBlT uus serta reci te rx adc ei 74 6 TOMMASO ICS ssi EL DT DEO ER SE Tm 75 Chapter 7 MIMS LIN PRSE E IU I M 79 TN NNI RT ORO IP NEN RICOH wma pada RR RERO 79 E P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Table of Contents 7 10 What Your Gan Dor tals CRSIBE seio era o rera o oap a daa a a oua ca B er Gad dod 79 Taba vba POI IE TEIG
43. IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network 192 168 1 0 with a 24 bit subnet mask for example An IP address with host IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network 192 168 1 255 with a 24 bit subnet mask for example As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts calculate the maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows Table 61 Maximum Host Numbers SUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE MSIE LEON EROR 8 bits 255 0 0 0 24 bits gt 9 16777214 16 bits 255 255 0 0 16 bits 215 2 65534 24 bits 255 255 255 0 8 bits 28 2 254 29 bits 255 255 255 2 3 bits 23 2 6 48 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 237 Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Notation Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet This is usually specified by writing a followed by the number of bits in the mask after the address For example 192 1 1 0 25 is equivalent to saying 192 1 1 0 with subnet mask 255 255 255 128 The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations Table 62 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation Subnetting SUBNET ALTERNATIVE LAST OCTET LAST OCTET MASK NOTATION BINARY DECIMAL 255 255 255 0 24 0000
44. LEDs 21 broadcast 67 BSS 247 C CA 255 Canonical Format Indicator See CFI Certificate Authority See CA certifications 267 notices 269 Index viewing 269 CFI 67 channel 249 interference 249 channel ID 83 configuration 70 75 copyright 267 CoS 138 CoS technologies 130 CPU usage 41 CTS Clear to Send 250 D date and time 41 default 178 default LAN IP address 35 DHCP 47 70 75 141 DHCP client 47 DHCP client list 47 DHCP relay 188 DHCP server 188 Differentiated Services see DiffServ 138 DiffServ 138 marking rule 139 disclaimer 267 DNS 70 DNS server address assignment 67 Domain Name 112 domain name system see DNS Domain Name System See DNS DS field 139 DS dee differentiated services DSCP 138 DSL interface 52 dynamic DNS 141 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 271 Index Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol See DHCP dynamic WEP key exchange 256 DYNDNS wildcard 141 E EAP Authentication 254 EAP MD5 191 ECHO 112 encapsulated routing link protocol ENET ENCAP 64 Encapsulation 64 PPP over Ethernet 64 encapsulation ENET ENCAP 64 encryption 257 WEP 86 ESS 248 ESSID 40 Extended Service Set Dentification 83 Extended Service Set See ESS 248 external antenna 190 external RADIUS 191 F F4 F5 OAM 189 FCC interference statement 267 Finger 112 firmware upload 174 upload error 175 firmware version 40 fragmentation threshold 251 frequency range 191 FTP 108
45. Layer Topology Discovery Responder v T x LI Install Uninstall Properties 2 Description Transmission Control Protacol Internet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks OK Cancel P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 7 The Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Properties window opens Figure 113 Windows Vista Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Properties Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Properties 8 Je General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise vou need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Use the Following IP address Obtain DNS server address automatically i Use the following DNS server addresses Advanced c j cae jJ 8 Select Obtain an I P address automatically if your network administrator or ISP assigns your IP address dynamically Select Use the following I P Address and fill in the IP address Subnet mask and Default gateway fields if you have a static IP address that was assigned to you by your network administrator or ISP You may also have to enter a Preferred DNS server and an Alternate DNS server if that information was provided Click Advanced 9 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol TCP IP
46. Priority 4 Back Apply Reset The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 10 WAN gt Internet Connection Advanced Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION RIP amp Multicast This section is not available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to be Setup in bridge mode RIP Version RIP Routing Information Protocol allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers This field is available only when you select ENET ENCAP This shows the RIP version used for this WAN connection RIP This field is available only when you select ENET ENCAP Operation This shows whether RIP is enabled Active or not Disable on this WAN connection IGMP Multicast packets are sent to a group of computers on the LAN and are Multicast an alternative to unicast packets packets sent to one computer and broadcast packets packets sent to every computer IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol is a network layer protocol used to establish membership in a multicast group The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 and version 2 Select Enable to turn on IGMP Otherwise select Disable P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 10 WAN gt Internet Connection Advanced Setup continued LABEL DESCRIPTION PPPoE This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation Passthrough PPPoE In addition to the ZyXEL Device s built in PPPoE client you can enable
47. Programs Windows Setup Communication Components Communications Universal Plug and Play O G Virtual Private Networking 152 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 4 Click OK to go back to the Add Remove Programs Properties window and click Next 5 Restart the computer when prompted Installing UPnP in Windows XP Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP 1 Click Start and Control Panel 2 Double click Network Connections 3 In the Network Connections window click Advanced in the main menu and select Optional Networking Components Figure 76 Network Connections Network Connections File Edit View Favorites Tools ts Operator Assisted Dialing Q sx wy d 56 Dial up Preferences Address S Network Connections Network Identification Bridge Connections Network Tasks Advanced Settings Optional Networking Components Ye EE P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 153 Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 4 The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays Select Networking Service in the Components selection box and click Details Figure 77 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard Windows Components You can add or remove components of Windows XP To add or remove a component click the checkbox 4 shaded box means that only part of the
48. Properties ocal Area Connection Standard PCI Fast Ethernet Adapte Disable Status Repair Bridge Connections Create Shortcut Rename 4 On the General tab select Internet Protocol TCP IP and then click Properties Figure 105 Windows XP Local Area Connection Properties n Properties X General Authentication Advanced Connect using BE Accton EN1207D TX PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter This connection uses the following items M E Client for Microsoft Networks vi Ir File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks Description C Show icon in notification area when connected p P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 1 97 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 5 The Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties window opens Figure 106 Windows XP Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server ad
49. Properties window 10 Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window Verifying Settings 1 Click Start gt All Programs gt Accessories gt Command Prompt P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 2 Inthe Command Prompt window type ipconfig and then press ENTER You can also go to Start gt Control Panel gt Network Connections right click a network connection click Status and then click the Support tab to view your IP address and connection information P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Mac OS X 10 3 and 10 4 The screens in this section are from Mac OS X 10 4 but can also apply to 10 3 1 Click Apple gt System Preferences Figure 114 Mac OS X 10 4 Apple Menu Finder File Edit Vie About This Mac Software Update Mac OS X Software System Preferences Dock Location Recent Items Force Quit Sleep Restart Shut Down 2 Inthe System Preferences window click the Network icon Figure 115 Mac OS X 10 4 System Preferences eo System Preferences 4 Show All tal Personal ore m a o Q Appearance Dashboard amp Desktop amp Dock International Security Spotlight Expos Screen Saver Hardware i gt bt a Q S mw Y 0 m Bluetooth CDs amp DVDs Displays Energy Keyboard amp Print amp Fax Sound Saver Mouse Internet amp Ne Mac QuickTime
50. Tools gt Firmware Firmware Firmware Upgrade To upgrade the internal router firmware browse to the location of the binary BIN upgrade file and click Upload Upgrade files can be downloaded from website If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the binary BIN file In some cases you may need to reconfigure NOTE The update proccess takes about 2 minutes to complete and the DSL Router will reboot Current Firmware Version 1 00 AW2 0 b4 File Path Browse The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 53 Maintenance Tools Firmware LABEL DESCRIPTION Current Firmware Version File Path This is the present Firmware version and the date created Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it Browse Click Browse to find the bin file you want to upload Remember that you must decompress compressed zip files before you can upload them Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process This process may take up to two minutes 174 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 17 Tools After you see the Firmware Upload in Progress screen wait two minutes before logging into the ZyXEL Device again Figure 93 Firmware Upload In Progress The ZyXEL Device automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect In some operating sy
51. Transmitted Bytes 2317441 841875 MBytes 2 2 0 8 Packets 3621 3140 Errors 0 0 Dropped 0 0 KBytes s 0 0 0 0 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 223 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions In order to use the web configurator you need to allow Web browser pop up windows from your device JavaScripts enabled by default Java permissions enabled by default Note Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here Screens for other Internet Explorer versions may vary Internet Explorer Pop up Blockers You may have to disable pop up blocking to log into your device Either disable pop up blocking enabled by default in Windows XP SP Service Pack 2 or allow pop up blocking and create an exception for your device s IP address Disable Pop up Blockers 1 In Internet Explorer select Tools Pop up Blocker and then select Turn Off Pop up Blocker Figure 140 Pop up Blocker Mail and News Pop up Blocker Manage Add ons Synchronize Windows Update Windows Messenger Internet Options You can also check if pop up blocking is disabled in the Pop up Blocker section in the Privacy tab P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 225 Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 1 In Internet Explorer select Tools Internet Options Privacy 2 Clear the Block pop ups check box in
52. a descriptive name of up to 16 printable English keyboard characters including spaces WAN Interfaces Select the WAN interface to which this rule applies Protocol Select the IP protocol TCP UDP TCP UDP or ICMP and enter the protocol service type number in the port field Source IP Address Enter the source IP address in dotted decimal notation Source Subnet Mask Enter the source subnet mask Source Port Enter a single port number or the range of port numbers of the source Destination IP Address Destination Subnet Mask Enter the destination IP address in dotted decimal notation Enter the destination subnet mask Destination Port Enter the port number of the destination P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 9 IP Filter Table 34 Incoming IP Filtering Add continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Back Click Back to return to the previous screen Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 121 Chapter 9 IP Filter 122 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART IV Advanced Static Route 125 Quality of Service QoS 129 Dynamic DNS Setup 141 Remote Management 143 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 149 Static Route 10 1 Overview The ZyXEL Device usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from computers on the LAN to the Internet T
53. and functioning properly it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes The backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings Click Backup to save the ZyXEL Device s current configuration to your computer P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 17 Tools Restore Configuration Restore Configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your computer to your ZyXEL Device Table 54 Restore Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it Browse Click Browse to find the file you want to upload Remember that you must decompress compressed ZIP files before you can upload them Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process Do not turn off the ZyXEL Device while configuration file upload is in progress After you see a restore configuration successful screen you must then wait one minute before logging into the ZyXEL Device again Figure 97 Configuration Upload Successful The ZyXEL Device automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect In some operating systems you may see the following icon on your desktop Figure 98 Network Temporarily Disconnected Local Area Connection Network cable unplugged
54. as the gateway for each LAN network When you use IP alias you can also configure firewall rules to control access between the LAN s logical networks subnets P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup Note Make sure that the subnets of the logical networks do not overlap The following figure shows a LAN divided into subnets A and B Figure 36 Physical Network amp Partitioned Logical Networks A 192 168 1 1 192 168 1 24 Ethernet Interf 4 nterface OZ B 192 168 2 1 192 168 2 24 6 6 1 Configuring the LAN IP Alias Screen Click Network gt LAN gt IP Alias to open the following screen Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s IP alias settings Figure 37 Network LAN IP Alias IP Alias Active IP Alias IP Address IP Subnet Mask Apply The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 16 Network gt LAN gt IP Alias LABEL DESCRIPTION Active IP Alias Select the check box to configure another LAN network for the ZyXEL Device IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation for example 255 255 255 0 factory default Apply Click this to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup 6 7 Technical Reference The following section contains ad
55. by default uses TCP port 80 When computers communicate on the Internet they are using the client server model where the server listens on a specific TCP UDP port for information requests from remote client computers on the network For example a Web server typically listens on port 80 Please note that while a computer may be intended for use over a single port such as Web on port 80 other ports are also active If the person configuring or managing the computer is not careful a hacker could attack it over an unprotected port P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 117 Chapter 9 IP Filter Some of the most common IP ports are Table 32 Common IP Ports 21 FTP 53 DNS 23 Telnet 80 HTTP 25 SMTP 110 POP3 Default Filtering Policies Filtering rules are grouped based on the direction of travel of packets to which they apply The default rule for incoming traffic blocks all incoming connections from the WAN to the LAN If you wish to allow certain WAN users to have access to your LAN you will need to create custom rules to allow it Note If you configure filtering rules without a good understanding of how they work you might inadvertently introduce security risks to the firewall and to the protected network Make sure you test your rules after you configure them These custom rules work by comparing the Source IP address Destination IP address and IP protocol type of network traffic to rules set by
56. component will be installed To see what s included in a component click Details Components O 24 Management and Monitoring Tools M 2 Networking Services C 5 Other Network File and Print Services Description Contains a variety of specialized network related services and protocols Total disk space required 0 0 MB Space available on disk 260 9 MB P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 5 Inthe Networking Services window select the Universal Plug and Play check box Figure 78 Networking Services Networking Services To add or remove a component click the check box amp shaded box means that only part of the component will be installed To see what s included in a component click Details Subcomponents of Networking Services O SB RIP Listener 0 0 MB A Simple TCP IP Services 0 0 MB m Universal Plug and Play 0 2 MB Description Allows your computer to discover and control Universal Plug and Play devices Total disk space required 0 0 MB Space available on disk 260 8 MB 6 Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard window and click Next 14 5 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP You must already have UPnP installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the ZyXEL Device Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the ZyXEL Device Turn on your co
57. configuring this screen afresh P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Logs 16 1 Overview This chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and viewing the ZyXEL Device s logs The web configurator allows you to choose which categories of events and or alerts to have the ZyXEL Device log and then display the logs or have the ZyXEL Device send them to a syslog server 16 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The View Log screen lets you see the logs for the categories that you selected in the Log Settings screen Section 16 2 on page 169 The Log Settings screen lets you configure to where the ZyXEL Device is to send logs and which logs and or immediate alerts the ZyXEL Device is to record Section 16 3 on page 170 16 2 The View Log Screen Click Maintenance gt Logs to open the View Log screen Use the View Log screen to see the logs for the categories that you selected in the Log Settings screen see Section 16 3 on page 170 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 16 Logs The log wraps around and deletes the old entries after it fills Figure 90 Maintenance gt Logs gt View Log View Logs 1 Jan 2 20 29 28 Jan2 20 29 28 Display Notice Fe Se a z BCM96345 started syslog emerg BusyBox v1 00 2008 11 06 07 40 0000 kernel klogd started user notice BusyBox v1 00 2008 11 06 07 40 0000 The following table describes the fields in this screen
58. configuring this screen afresh Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced Setup screen and edit more details of your WAN setup This button is not available when you select Bridge in the Mode field P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 5 5 2 Configuring To edit your ZyX More Connections Advanced Setup EL Device s advanced WAN settings click the Advanced Setup button in the More Connections Edit screen The screen appears as shown Figure 31 WAN gt More Connections Edit Advanced Setup RIP Version RIP Operation IGMP Multicast IP Filter IP Filter Active LAN VLAN Active VLAN ID Priority RIP amp Multicast Setup RP Disabled 7 Disable 7 l 0 4095 0 7 Back Apply Reset The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 13 WAN gt More Connections Edit Advanced Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION RIP amp Multicast Setup This section is not available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to be in bridge mode RIP Version RIP Routing Information Protocol allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers The version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device sends it recognizes both formats when receiving RIP 1 is universally supported but RIP 2 carries more information RIP 1 is probably adequate for m
59. devices simultaneously you must enroll one after the other For instance if you have two enrollees and one registrar you must set up the first enrollee by pressing the WPS button on the registrar and the first enrollee for example then check that it successfully enrolled then set up the second device in the same way WPS works only with other WPS enabled devices However you can still add non WPS devices to a network you already set up using WPS WPS works by automatically issuing a randomly generated WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK pre shared key from the registrar device to the enrollee devices Whether the network uses WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK depends on the device You can check the configuration interface of the registrar device to discover the key the network is using if the device supports this feature Then you can enter the key into the non WPS device and join the network as normal the non WPS device must also support WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN When you use the PBC method there is a short period from the moment you press the button on one device to the moment you press the button on the other device when any WPS enabled device could join the network This is because the registrar has no way of identifying the correct enrollee and cannot differentiate between your enrollee and a rogue device This is a possible way for a hacker to gain access to a network You can easily c
60. do not know if the channel is currently being used Therefore they are considered hidden from each other Figure 159 RTS CTS eig d CTS Range Station AP oa NN oe AN P d AP M a orn f diim i i j Q 22 E m a i M ACK meee Stations A and B do not 7 po i Station A T gt hear each other They 77 can hearthe AP When station A sends data to the AP it might not know that the station B is already using the channel If these two stations send data at the same time collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time resulting in a loss of messages for both stations RTS CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes An RTS CTS defines the biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS Request To Send CTS Clear to Send handshake is invoked When a data frame exceeds the RTS CTS value you set between 0 to 2432 bytes the station that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS Request To Send message to the AP for permission to send it The AP then responds with a CTS Clear to Send message to all other stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission It also reserves and confirms with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS CTS directly to the AP without the RTS Request To Send CTS Clear to Send handshake You should onl
61. eth2 eth3 WLAN LAN Statistics BEEN ayes puts eves Orope evt pete Ers Drops 4926342 46860 34742350 50897 0 0 0 67460 291 0 0 0 67332 289 0 0 0 0 67268 288 uU 0 o 0 0 139535 1034 15 o Refresh Interval b E The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 7 Status gt LAN Statistics LABEL DESCRIPTION Interface This shows the LAN or WLAN interface ethO 3 represent the physical Ethernet ports 1 4 Received Bytes This indicates the number of bytes received on this interface Pkts This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface Errs This indicates the number of frames with errors received on this interface Drops This indicates the number of received packets dropped on this interface Transmitted Bytes This indicates the number of bytes transmitted on this interface Pkts This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface Errs This indicates the number of frames with errors transmitted on this interface Drops This indicates the number of outgoing packets dropped on this interface Refresh Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field Interval P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens Table 7 Status gt LAN Statistics continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered
62. is to an untagged port The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID giving a possible maximum number of 4 096 VLANs Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other A frame with VID VLAN Identifier of null 0 is called a priority frame meaning that only the priority level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame Of the 4096 possible VIDs a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 FFF is reserved so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4 094 TPID User Priority CFI VLAN ID 2 Bytes 3 Bits 1Bit 12 Bits Multicast IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways Unicast 1 sender 1 recipient or Broadcast 1 sender everybody on the network Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network not everybody and not just 1 Internet Group Multicast Protocol IGMP is a network layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group it is not used to carry user data IGMP version 2 RFC 2236 is an improvement over version 1 RFC 1112 but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1 please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236 The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 The address 224 0 0 0 is not assigned to any group and is use
63. of the classifier CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA This section shows criteria specified in this classifier Class Intf This shows the interface through which traffic that matches this classifier is forwarded out Ether Type This is the service type SrcMAC Mask This shows the source MAC address and the mask of traffic of this class P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 133 Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS Table 40 QoS Class Setup continued LABEL DESCRIPTION DstMAC Mask This shows the destination MAC address and the mask of traffic of this class Srcl P Mask This shows the source IP address the source subnet mask and DHCP option 60 or DHCP option 77 Dstl P Mask This shows the destination IP address and the destination subnet mask Proto This shows the protocol type Src Port This shows the source port number Dst Port This shows the destination port number DSCP Check This is the DSCP value of traffic of this class 802 1P Check This shows the 802 1P priority level CLASSIFI CATI ON RESULTS Queue Key This is the index number of a queue you configured in the Queue Setup screen DSCP Mark This is the DSCP number added to traffic of this classifier 802 1P Mark This is the IEEE 802 1p priority level assigned to traffic of this classifier Vlani D Tag This is the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic of this classifier Rate Control
64. often used for diagnostic or routing purposes ICQ UDP 4000 This is a popular Internet chat program IGMP User Defined 2 Internet Group Management Protocol MULTI CAST is used when sending packets to a specific group of hosts IKE UDP 500 The Internet Key Exchange algorithm is used for key distribution and management IRC TCP UDP 6667 This is another popular Internet chat program MSN Messenger TCP 1863 Microsoft Networks messenger service uses this protocol NEW ICQ TCP 5190 An Internet chat program NEWS TCP 144 A protocol for news groups NFS UDP 2049 Network File System NFS is a client server distributed file service that provides transparent file sharing for network environments NNTP TCP 119 Network News Transport Protocol is the delivery mechanism for the USENET newsgroup service PING User Defined 1 Packet I Nternet Groper is a protocol that sends out ICMP echo requests to test whether or not a remote host is reachable POP3 TCP 110 Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client computer get e mail from a POP3 server through a temporary connection TCP IP or other P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix E Common Services Table 74 Commonly Used Services continued NAME PROTOCOL PORT S DESCRIPTION PPTP TCP 1723 Point to Point Tunneling Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks This is the control
65. other they can set up an independent network which is commonly referred to as an ad hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set IBSS The following diagram shows an example of notebook computers using wireless adapters to form an ad hoc wireless LAN Figure 156 Peer to Peer Communication in an Ad hoc Network um NC A a bus AN Nem B G BSS A Basic Service Set BSS exists when all communications between wireless clients or between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point AP Intra BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS When Intra BSS is enabled wireless client A and B can access the wired network and communicate P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 247 Appendix D Wireless LANs with each other When Intra BSS is disabled wireless client A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other Figure 157 Basic Service Set a mmm mm x a ESS An Extended Service Set ESS consists of a series of overlapping BSSs each containing an access point with each access point connected together by a wired network This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System DS This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN The Access Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood P 870
66. screen where you can change it Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now WPS Status This field displays the status of WPS Wi Fi Protected Setup Click this System Status to go to the screen where you can change it P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens Table 3 Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION System This field displays how long the ZyXEL Device has been running since it Uptime last started up The ZyXEL Device starts up when you plug it in when you restart it Maintenance gt Tools gt Restart or when you reset it see Section 1 6 on page 22 Current This field displays the current date and time in the ZyXEL Device You Date Time can change this in Maintenance gt System gt Time Setting System This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a Mode bridge CPU Usage This field displays what percentage of the ZyXEL Device s processing ability is currently used When this percentage is close to 10096 the ZyXEL Device is running at full load and the throughput is not going to improve anymore If you want some applications to have more throughput you should turn off other applications for example using QoS see Chapter 11 on page 129 Memory This field displays what percentage of the ZyXEL Device s memory is Usage currently used Usually this percentage should not increase much If memory usage does get close to 10
67. select the profile you are using and click Edit Check the details you entered previously Also refer to the Troubleshooting section of this User s Guide or contact your network administrator if necessary P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Introducing the Web Configurator This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator 3 1 Web Configurator Overview The web configurator is an HTML based management interface that allows easy device setup and management via Internet browser Use Internet Explorer 6 0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7 0 and later versions The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels In order to use the web configurator you need to allow Web browser pop up windows from your device Web pop up blocking is enabled by default in Windows XP SP Service Pack 2 JavaScripts enabled by default Java permissions enabled by default See Appendix B on page 225 if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet Explorer 3 1 1 Accessing the Web Configurator 1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected refer to the Quick Start Guide 2 Launch your web browser 3 Type 192 168 1 1 as the URL P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 35 Chapter 3 Introducing the Web Configurator 4 A password screen displays Enter the default user name 1234 and default password 1234 The password displays in non readable characters If you have changed t
68. the Pop up Blocker section of the screen This disables any web pop up blockers you may have enabled Figure 141 Internet Options Privacy Internet Options PIR General Security Privacy Content Connections Programs Advanced Settings Move the slider to select a privacy setting for the Internet zone Medium Blocks third party cookies that do not have a compact privacy policy Blocks third party cookies that use personally identifiable information without your implicit consent Restricts first party cookies that use personally identifiable information without implicit consent Pop up Blocker Prevent most pop up windows from appearing _ Block pop ups 3 Click Apply to save this setting Enable Pop up Blockers with Exceptions Alternatively if you only want to allow pop up windows from your device see the following steps 1 In Internet Explorer select Tools Internet Options and then the Privacy tab P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 2 Select Settings to open the Pop up Blocker Settings screen Figure 142 Internet Options Privacy Internet Options General Security Privacy Content Connections Programs Advanced Settings A Move the slider to select a privacy setting for the Internet mE zone Medium Blocks third party cookies that do not have a compact privacy policy Blocks third party cookies
69. the ZyXEL Device more effectively Change the password Use a password that s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters such as numbers and letters Write down the password and put it in a safe place Back up the configuration and make sure you know how to restore it Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes If you forget your password you will have to reset the ZyXEL Device to its factory default settings If you backed up an earlier configuration file you would not have to totally re configure the ZyXEL Device You could simply restore your last configuration 1 4 Applications for the ZyXEL Device Here are some example uses for which the ZyXEL Device is well suited 1 4 1 Internet Access Your ZyXEL Device provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or MODEM jack on a splitter or your telephone jack Computers can connect to the ZyXEL Device s LAN ports or wirelessly Figure 1 ZyXEL Device s Router Features LAN L DSL i i EN EJ pem 3 n You can also configure IP filtering on the ZyXEL Device for secure Internet access When the IP filter is on all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked by default unless it is initiated from your network This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed but you can safely browse the Internet and download files asas
70. the destination IP addresses and subnet mask to which Mask this rule applies Please note that a blank destination address is equivalent to Any Dest Port This is the destination port number Remove Select the rule s you want to delete in the Remove column and then click the Remove button Add Click Add to create a new rule Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Remove Click Remove to delete the selected rule s P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 9 IP Filter 9 3 1 Creating Incoming Filtering Rules In the Incoming screen click Add to display this screen and refer to the following table for information on the labels Figure 59 Incoming IP Filtering Add Filter Name Wan Interface Protocol Source Port port or portport Destination IP address Destination Subnet Mask Destination Port port or port port Source IP address Source Subnet Mask Add IP Filter Incoming The screen allows you to create a filter rule to identify incoming IP traffic by specifying a new filter name and atleast one condition below All ofthe specified conditions in this filter rule must be satisfied forthe rule to take effect Click Apply Save to save and activate the filter INTERNET ptmO 1 m Back Apply The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 34 Incoming IP Filtering Add LABEL DESCRIPTION Filter Name Enter
71. when using the included antenna s Only use the included antenna s f you wall mount your device make sure that no electrical lines gas or water pipes will be damaged Your product is marked with this symbol which is known as the WEEE mark WEEE Key stands for Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment It means that used electrical ps and electronic products should not be mixed with general waste Used electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Safety Warnings P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide DUTP es diri DR NR TET 17 Iriragucing Ing A EL DOVEO isses on EE ERU UMOLOGR REGIE MEDIAS RPM TEE MUN DLE 19 i UT MI E 25 introducing the Web urea rie e 35 UIS Cl BBHB assassins aint binds Rae teen Race beeen 39 hii 49 aval Ree rs UE T D D uU I 51 B rp ipm PET 69 QUI CCS GAN aia P 79 Network Address Translation EXT i c eps eint rei iare ucecndae cer bo a 107 e led liy E E E E E E EE 115 Jed gl a T DLL S I eet rr 117 P PR 123 EUM DS aspi dat dt Guo iebbopdtub ta ona disserit adu deside D deri bsc DN EU ONU EE 125 ern PE Sec mE 129 Boni Rocio UNE A 141 FSU Ts el aes VIA uociqatepsssqia uq te ddp aM Inque M E HM ER iM M UI NN E UE 143 Universal Plug and Play WP MP e 149 Maintenance Troubleshooting and Spe
72. 096 the ZyXEL Device is probably becoming unstable and you should restart the device See Section 17 4 on page 178 or turn off the device unplug the power for a few seconds Interface Status Interface This column displays each interface the ZyXEL Device has Status This field indicates whether or not the ZyXEL Device is using the interface For the DSL interface this field displays NoSignal line is down or Up line is up or connected For the LAN interface this field displays Up when the ZyXEL Device is using the interface and Disabled when the ZyXEL Device is not using the interface For the WLAN interface it displays Up when WLAN is enabled or Disabled when WLAN is not active Rate For the LAN interface this displays the port speed and duplex setting For the DSL interface it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate For the WLAN interface it displays the maximum transmission rate More Status WAN Service Click this link to view packet specific statistics of the WAN Statistics connection s See Section 4 1 1 on page 42 Route Info Click this link to view the internal routing table on the ZyXEL Device See Section 4 1 2 on page 43 WLAN Click this link to display the MAC address es of the wireless stations Station List that are currently associating with the ZyXEL Device See Section 4 1 3 on page 45 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter
73. 2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens Table 4 Status gt WAN Service Statistics continued 4 1 2 Route Info LABEL DESCRIPTION Drops This indicates the number of received packets dropped on this interface Transmitted Bytes This indicates the number of bytes transmitted on this interface Pkts This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface Errs This indicates the number of frames with errors transmitted on this interface Drops This indicates the number of outgoing packets dropped on this interface Refresh Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field Interval Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Refresh I nterval field Stop Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics Routing is based on the destination address only and the ZyXEL Device takes the shortest path to forward a packet Click Status gt Route I nfo to access this screen Use this screen to view the internal routing table on the ZyXEL Device Figure 22 Status gt Route Info Route Info 10 10 100 0 192 168 1 0 0 0 0 0 besten tenor t a row netic secs nea 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 INTERNET pino 1 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 n 0 br 10 10 100 1 0 0 0 0 Up Gateway 0 INTERNET ptm 1 The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 5 Status Route Info LABEL DESCRIPTION
74. 34 56 e8 L1 1 192 168 1 55 00 c5 01 23 45 67 L1 2 192 168 1 33 00 21 85 0c 44 4b The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 15 LAN Client List LABEL DESCRIPTION P Address Enter the IP address that you want to assign to the computer on your LAN with the MAC address that you will also specify MAC Address Enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN Add Entries Click this to add a static DHCP entry before the dynamic DHCP entry ies This is the index number of the static IP table entry row IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the field listed above MAC Address The MAC Media Access Control or Ethernet address on a LAN Local Area Network is unique to your computer six pairs of hexadecimal notation A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is assigned at the factory This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other adapter has a similar address Remove Click this to delete a static DHCP entry You cannot delete a dynamic DHCP entry A window displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the selected entry 6 6 The IP Alias Screen IP alias allows you to partition a physical network into different logical networks over the same Ethernet interface The ZyXEL Device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface with the ZyXEL Device itself
75. 5 with which the ZyXEL Device replaces the VLAN ID of the frames Set Rate Enter the transmission rate in Kbps for traffic that matches this QoS Control kbps class Filter Configuration Use the following fields to configure the criteria for traffic classification Source Address Enter the source IP address in dotted decimal notation Subnet Mask Enter the source subnet mask Port If you select a protocol type enter the port number s of the source 0 means any source port number MAC Address Enter the source MAC address of the packet P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS Table 41 QoS Class Configuration continued LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Mask Type the mask for the specified MAC address to determine which bits a packet s MAC address should match Enter f for each bit of the specified source MAC address that the traffic s MAC address should match Enter 0 for the bit s of the matched traffic s MAC address which can be of any hexadecimal character s For example if you set the MAC address to 00 13 49 00 00 00 and the mask to ff ff ff 00 00 00 a packet with a MAC address of 00 13 49 12 34 56 matches this criteria You cannot put a 0 pair before an f pair For example ff ff 00 ff 00 00 is invalid Destination Address Enter the destination IP address in dotted decimal notation Subnet Mask Enter the destination su
76. 6 OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 48 54 Wireless Security Overview Wireless security is vital to your network to protect wireless communication between wireless clients access points and the wired network Wireless security methods available on the ZyXEL Device are data encryption wireless client authentication restricting access by device MAC address and hiding the ZyXEL Device identity The following figure shows the relative effectiveness of these wireless security methods available on your ZyXEL Device Table 71 Wireless Security Levels SECURITY LEVEL SECURITY TYPE Least Unique SSID Default Secure Unique SSID with Hide SSID Enabled MAC Address Filtering WEP Encryption I EEE802 1x EAP with RADIUS Server Authentication Wi Fi Protected Access WPA WPA2 Most Secure Note You must enable the same wireless security settings on the ZyXEL Device and on all wireless clients that you want to associate with it 252 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs IEEE 802 1x In June 2001 the IEEE 802 1x standard was designed to extend the features of IEEE 802 11 to support extended authentication as well as providing additional accounting and control features It is supported by Windows XP and a number of network devices Some advantages of IEEE 802 1x are User based identification that allows for roaming Support for RADIUS Remote Authen
77. 7 Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP Figure 81 Advanced Settings Services Select ihe services unining on pour rretsork that nemel user cari aem Seraces mame T 32 1EB T BG BB18 ER TEP be menace 132 168 1 Be 3858 277 WGP msrasc 132 158 1 81 7 2B1 26087 UDF Ie mme P0132 1 EET dn 2810 20 6011 TEF Service Settings Description of service Tes Name or IP address for example 192 168 0 12 of the computer hosting this service on your network 192 168 1 11 External Port number for this service 143 TCP C UDP Internal Port number for this service f 43 Cancel 4 You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings Internet Connection Properties Advanced Settings When the UPnP enabled device is disconnected from your computer all port mappings will be deleted automatically P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 6 Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK An icon displays in the system tray Figure 83 System Tray Icon J Internet Connection is now connected Click here For more information Double click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status Figure 84 Internet Connection Status Y Internet Connection Status General Internet Gateway Status Connected Duration 00 00 56 Speed 100 0 Mbps Activity Internet Internet Gat
78. 766 Network Address Translation Protocol IEEE 802 11 Also known by the brand Wi Fi denotes a set of Wireless LAN WLAN standards developed by working group 11 of the IEEE LAN MAN Standards Committee IEEE 802 IEEE 802 11b Uses the 2 4 gigahertz GHz band IEEE 802 11g Uses the 2 4 gigahertz GHz band IEEE 802 11g Turbo and Super G modes IEEE 802 11d Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Media Access Control MAC Bridges IEEE 802 11x Port Based Network Access Control IEEE 802 11e QoS IEEE 802 11 e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service ANSI T1 413 Issue 2 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADSL standard G dmt G 992 1 G 992 1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line ADSL Transceivers ITU G 992 1 G DMT ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation ITU G 992 2 G Lite ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation ITU G 992 3 ITU standard also referred to as ADSL2 that extends the G dmt bis capability of basic ADSL in data rates ITU G 992 4 ITU standard also referred to as ADSL2 that extends the G lite bis capability of basic ADSL in data rates ITU G 992 5 ADSL2 Microsoft PPTP ITU standard also referred to as ADSL2 that extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream bits MS PPTP Microsoft s implementation of Point to Point Tunneling Protocol MBM v2 Media Bandwidth Managem
79. A Key differences between WPA or WPA2 and WEP are improved data encryption and user authentication If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADI US server use WPA2 for stronger data encryption If you don t have an external RADIUS server you should use WPA2 PSK WPA2 Pre Shared Key that only requires a single identical password entered into each access point wireless gateway and wireless client As long as the passwords match a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2 just use WPA or WPA PSK depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not Select WEP only when the AP and or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2 WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2 Encryption WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Message Integrity Check MIC and IEEE 802 1x WPA2 also uses TKIP when required for compatibility reasons but offers stronger encryption than TKIP with Advanced Encryption Standard AES in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol CCMP TKIP uses 128 bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server AES Advanced Encryption Standard is a block cipher that uses a 256 bit mathematical algorithm called Rijndael They both include a per
80. AN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network resources of another on the same LAN thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of another user in the same building VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more manageable logical broadcast domain In traditional switched environments all broadcast packets go to each and every individual port With VLAN all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast domain Introduction to IEEE 802 1Q Tagged VLAN A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag VLAN ID in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges they are not confined to the switch on which they were created The VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup contains two bytes of TPID Tag Protocol Identifier residing within the type length field of the Ethernet frame and two bytes of TCI Tag Control Information starts after the source address field of the Ethernet frame The CFI Canonical Format Indicator is a single bit flag always set to zero for Ethernet switches If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1 then that frame should not be forwarded as it
81. About Ubuntu Quit 4 Hardware Testing i Language Support s Login Window Network Tools 2 When the Network Settings window opens click Unlock to open the Authenticate window By default the Unlock button is greyed out until clicked You cannot make changes to your configuration unless you first enter your admin password Figure 126 Ubuntu 8 Network Settings Connections Fal ISSUES Settings x Eg Location Connections General DNS Hosts ds Properties x Point to point connec This network interface is not c P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 213 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 3 4 In the Authenticate window enter your admin account name and password then Click the Authenticate button Figure 127 Ubuntu 8 Administrator Account Authentication Authenticate x gt System policy prevents modifying the configuration An application is attempting to perform an action that requires privileges Authentication as one of the users below is required to perform this action amp CJ chris v gt Details In the Network Settings window select the connection that you want to configure then click Properties Figure 128 Ubuntu 8 Network Settings Connections Ta Network Settings Location z amp a Connections General ons Hosts E P
82. HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs An ESSID ESS IDentification uniquely identifies each ESS All access points and their associated wireless clients within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to communicate Figure 158 Infrastructure WLAN eee ee Poss RUM gt 7 Channel A channel is the radio frequency ies used by wireless devices to transmit and receive data Channels available depend on your geographical area You may have a choice of channels for your region so you should use a channel different from an adjacent AP access point to reduce interference Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance Adjacent channels partially overlap however To avoid interference due to overlap your AP should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using For example if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1 then you need to select a channel between 6 or 11 RTS CTS A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point but are not within range of each other The following figure illustrates a hidden node Both stations STA are within range of the access point AP or P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs wireless gateway but out of range of each other so they cannot hear each other that is they
83. Mask Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 Network Number 11000000 10101000 00000001 Host ID 00000010 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting By convention subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask followed by a continuous sequence of zeros for a total number of 32 bits Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part the bits with a 1 value For example an 8 bit mask means that the first 8 bits of the mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8 bit 16 bit 24 bit and 29 bit subnet masks Table 60 Subnet Masks BINARY 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH DECIMAL OCTET OCTET OCTET OCTET 8 bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255 0 0 0 16 bit 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255 255 0 0 mask 24 bit 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 mask 29 bit 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000 255 255 255 24 mask 8 Network Size The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible hosts you can have on your network The larger the number of network number bits the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits An IP address with host
84. Modem V Not Connected Status Not Connected The cable for Ethernet is connected but PPPoE A your computer does not have an IP address Not Connected Ethernet Sienra Boo Configure Using DHCP B FireWire Not Connected e AirPort Off DNS Server Search Domains 802 1X WPA ZyXELO4 Q id Click the lock to prevent further changes Apply 4 From the Configure list select Using DHCP for dynamically assigned settings 5 For statically assigned settings do the following From the Configure list select Manually In the IP Address field enter your IP address n the Subnet Mask field enter your subnet mask P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address n the Router field enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device Figure 123 Mac OS X 10 5 Network Preferences Ethernet BOL Location Automatic HJ e Internal Modem Not Connected Status Not Connected The cable for Ethernet is connected but PPPoE Qe your computer does not have an IP address Not Connected Ethernet THEE adres 0008 Not Connected 2 Subnet Mask AirPort A e off F Router DNS Server Search Domains 802 1X WPA ZyXELO4 Ul cick rne okt prevent further changes 6 Click Apply and close the window P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 29 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Verifying Settings
85. N Interface External Start Port External End Port Internal Start Port Internal End Port INTERNET tmo 3 gt m m Protocol Server IP Address fi 92 1681 TCP hA Back Apply Cancel The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 29 Port Forwarding Edit LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Clear the check box to disable the rule Select the check box to enable it Service Name Enter a name to identify this rule This field is read only if you click the edit icon in the Port Forwarding screen WAN Interface Select a WAN interface for which you want to configure port forwarding rules P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT Table 29 Port Forwarding Edit continued LABEL DESCRIPTION External Start Port Enter the original destination port for the packets To forward only one port enter the port number again in the External End Port field To forward a series of ports enter the start port number here and the end port number in the External End Port field External End Port Enter the last port of the original destination port range To forward only one port enter the port number in the External Start Port field above and then enter it again in this field To forward a series of ports enter the last port number in a series that begins with the port number in the External Start Port fie
86. N Station List to access this screen Use this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated to the ZyXEL Device Figure 23 Status gt WLAN Station List WLAN Station List es Yes wl 00 03 7F BF 16 8C Yi WLAN EE Refresh Interval ET The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 6 Status gt WLAN Station List LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Address This field shows the MAC Media Access Control address of an associated wireless station Associated This field shows whether the wireless station is currently associated to the ZyXEL Device Yes or not No Authorized This field shows whether the wireless station is allowed to access network resources behind the ZyXEL Device Yes or not No SSID This field shows the SSID to which the wireless station is connected Interface This field shows the wireless interface to which the wireless station is connected Refresh Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field Interval Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Refresh Interval field Stop Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens 4 1 4 LAN Statistics Click Status gt LAN Statistics to access this screen Use this screen to view the LAN statistics Figure 24 Status gt LAN Statistics eth ethi
87. N interfaces in the web configurator LAN WAN Select None to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Wireless LAN 7 1 Overview This chapter describes how to perform tasks related to setting up and optimizing your wireless network including the following Turning the wireless connection on or off Configuring a name wireless channel and security for the network Using WiFi Protected Setup WPS to configure your wireless network Using a MAC Media Access Control address filter to restrict access to the wireless network See Chapter 2 on page 25 for a tutorial showing how to set up your wireless connection in an example scenario See Section 7 9 on page 94 for advanced technical information on wireless networks 7 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter This chapter describes the ZyXEL Device s Network gt Wireless LAN screens Use these screens to set up your ZyXEL Device s wireless connection The General screen lets you turn the wireless connection on or off set up wireless security and make other basic configuration changes Section 7 4 on page 82 Use the WPS screen and the WPS Station screen to use WiFi Protected Setup WPS WPS lets you set up a secure network quickly when connecting to other WPS enabled devices Use the WPS screen see Section 7 5 on page 89 to enable or disable WPS generate a secur
88. NAT Port Forwarding screen Note If you do not assign a Default Server the ZyXEL Device discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in the NAT Port Forwarding screen Save Click Save to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device 8 5 Technical Reference The following section contains additional technical information about the ZyXEL Device features described in this chapter Port Forwarding Services and Port Numbers The most often used port numbers are shown in the following table Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers Please also refer to the Supporting CD for more examples and details on port forwarding and NAT Table 31 Services and Port Numbers SERVICES PORT NUMBER ECHO 7 FTP File Transfer Protocol 21 SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 25 DNS Domain Name System 53 Finger 79 HTTP Hyper Text Transfer protocol or WWW Web 80 POP3 Post Office Protocol 110 NNTP Network News Transport Protocol 119 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol 161 SNMP trap 162 PPTP Point to Point Tunneling Protocol 1723 Port Forwarding Example Let s say you want to assign ports 21 25 to one FTP Telnet and SMTP server A in the example port 80 to another B in the example and assign a default server IP address of 192 168 1 35 to a third C in the example You assign the LAN IP 12 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide
89. Network gt LAN to open the IP screen See Section 6 7 on page 75 for background information Use this screen to set the Local Area Network IP address and subnet mask of your ZyXEL Device Follow these steps to configure your LAN settings 1 Enter an IP address into the IP Address field The IP address must be in dotted decimal notation This will become the IP address of your ZyXEL Device 2 Enter the IP subnet mask into the IP Subnet Mask field Unless instructed otherwise it is best to leave this alone the configurator will automatically compute a subnet mask based upon the IP address you entered 3 Click Apply to save your settings Figure 34 LAN IP LAN TCP IP IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 DHCP Setup M Active DHCP Server IP Pool Starting Address 192 168 1 33 Pool Size 222 IGMP Snooping M Active IGMP Snooping Apply P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 14 LAN gt IP LABEL DESCRIPTION LAN TCP IP IP Address Enter the LAN IP address you want to assign to your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation for example 192 168 1 1 factory default IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation for example 255 255 255 0 factory default DHCP Setup Active DHCP Select this option to have the ZyXEL Device assign IP addresses and Server provide s
90. P 870HW 51a v2 802 11bg Wireless VDSL2 4 port gateway Default Login Details IP Address http 192 168 1 1 User Name 1234 Password 1234 Firmware Version 1 0 Edition 1 1 2009 www zyxel com Copyright 2009 ZyXEL Communications Corporation About This User s Guide About This User s Guide Intended Audience This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web configurator You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP IP networking concepts and topology Related Documentation Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access Web Configurator Online Help Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary information Note It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the ZyXEL Device Support Disc Refer to the included CD for support documents ZyXEL Web Site Please refer to www zyxel com for additional support documentation and product certifications User Guide Feedback Help us help you Send all User Guide related comments questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address or use e mail instead Thank you The Technical Writing Team ZyXEL Communications Corp 6 Innovation Road II Science Based Industrial Park Hsinchu 300 Taiwan E mail techwriters zyxe
91. P on or off Maintenance System General Use this screen to configure your device s name domain name management inactivity timeout and password Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s time and date Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the level that you selected Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s log settings Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your device Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore your device s configuration settings or reset the factory default settings Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without turning the power off 3 2 2 Main Window The main window displays information and configuration fields It is discussed in the rest of this document Right after you log in the Status screen is displayed See Chapter 4 on page 39 for more information about the Status screen 3 2 3 Status Bar Check the status bar when you click Apply or OK to verify that the configuration has been updated P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Status Screens Use the Status screens to look at the current status of the device system resources and interfaces LAN and WAN The Status screen also provides detailed information from DHCP and statistics from traffic 4 1 Status Screen Click Status to open this screen Figure 20 Status Screen Refresh Interval None amp Apply Device Informatio
92. PA 2 Wireless Setup Network Name SSID Channel Selection BSSID Active Wireless LAN C Hide Network Name SSID ZyXEL 5 v 00 19 CB D1 79 05 Security Security Mode WPA2 v Active Compatible VPA Compatible vw WPA Encryption TKIP v WPA2 Preauthentication Disabled ReAuthentication Timer 36000 sec Authentication Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Port Number Shared Secret 1812 Apply Cancel The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen Table 21 Wireless LAN General WPA 2 LABEL DESCRIPTION Security Mode Choose WPA or WPA2 from the drop down list box Active Compatible This field is only available for WPA2 Select this if you want the ZyXEL Device to support WPA and WPA2 simultaneously WPA Encryption Select the encryption type TKI P or AES for data encryption WPA2 Preauthenticatio n This field is available only when you select WPA2 Pre authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client already connecting to an AP to perform IEEE 802 1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it Select Enabled to turn on preauthentication in WAP2 Otherwise select Disabled P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Table 21 Wireless LAN gt General WPA 2 LABEL DESCRIPTION ReAuthentication This field is available only when you select WPA2 Timer Specify how often w
93. PoA they should also provide a username and password and service name for user authentication WAN IP Address The WAN IP address is an IP address for the ZyXEL Device which makes it accessible from an outside network It is used by the ZyXEL Device to communicate with other devices in other networks It can be static fixed or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the ZyXEL Device tries to access the Internet If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address they should also assign you the subnet mask and DNS server IP address es and a gateway IP address if you use the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP encapsulation method PTM Packet Transfer Mode PTM is packet oriented and supported by the VDSL2 standard In PTM packets are encapsulated directly in the High level Data Link Control HDLC frames It is designed to provide a low overhead transparent way of transporting packets over DSL links as an alternative to ATM 5 3 Before You Begin You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address Get this information from your ISP 52 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 5 4 The Internet Connection Screen Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s WAN settings Click Network gt WAN gt Internet Connection The screen differs by the mode you select Figure 27 WAN gt Internet Connection PPPoE Internet Connection General Name Mode User Name Pass
94. SID SSID_Example3 Security WPA PSK Pre Shared Key ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey 802 11 mode IEEE 802 11b g An access point AP or wireless router is referred to as AP and a computer with a wireless network card or USB PCI adapter is referred to as wireless client here We use the ZyXEL Device web screens and M 302 utility screens as an example The screens may vary slightly for different models 2 1 2 Configuring the AP Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your AP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 25 Chapter 2 Tutorials Open the Network gt Wireless LAN screen in the AP s web configurator Figure 3 AP Wireless LAN Wireless Setup Active Wireless LAN C Auto Generate Key Network Name SSID SSID Example3 C Hide Network Name SSID Channel Selection B v Security Security Mode WPA PSK Pre Shared Key ThisismyWWP A PSKpre sharedkey WPA Group Key Update Timer 1800 sec WPA Encryption TKIP bal Apply Make sure the Active Wireless LAN check box is selected Enter SSID_Example3 as the SSID and select a channel which is not used by another AP Set security mode to WPA PSK and enter ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey in the Pre Shared Key field Click Apply P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 2 Tutorials 5 Click the Advanced Setup tab and select 54g Auto in the 54g Mode field Click Apply Figure 4 AP Wireless LAN gt
95. Select the entry ies that you want to delete in the Remove column then click the Remove button Apply Click this to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Remove Click this to delete the selected entry ies P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 8 The Advanced Setup Screen To configure advanced wireless settings click Network gt Wireless LAN gt Advanced Setup The screen appears as shown Figure 47 Wireless LAN gt Advanced Setup Advanced Setup Wireless Advanced Setup RTS CTS Threshold 2344 Fragmentation Threshold 2344 Number of Wireless Stations Allowed 16 Output Power 100 w Multicast Rate 1Mbps 54g Mode 54g Auto v 54g Protection Auto Preamble Long The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 25 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION RTS CTS Enter a value between 0 and 2432 Threshold Fragmentatio This is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent Enter a value n Threshold between 256 and 2432 Number of Specify the maximum number from 1 to 64 of the wireless stations that Wireless may connect to the ZyXEL Device Stations Allowed Output Power Set the output power of the ZyXEL Device If there is a high density of APs in an area decrease the output power to reduce interference with other APs Select one of the following 20 4096 60 80 or 100 Multicast Select a data rat
96. Sharing System 1 za a Accounts Date amp Time Software Speech Startup Disk Universal Update Access P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 3 When the Network preferences pane opens select Built in Ethernet from the network connection type list and then click Configure Figure 116 Mac OS X 10 4 Network Preferences eo Network 4 gt Showall Q Location Automatic ry Show Network Status E He 1 Built in Ethernet is currently active and has the IP address Built in Ethernet 10 0 1 2 You are connected to the Internet via Built in Ethernet Internet Sharing is on and is using AirPort to share the 6 AirPort connection eme 1 id Click the lock to prevent further changes Assist me Apply Now 4 For dynamically assigned settings select Using DHCP from the Configure IPv4 list in the TCP IP tab Figure 117 Mac OS X 10 4 Network Preferences TCP IP Tab in eoo Network 4 Show All Q Location Automatic HJ Show Built in Ethernet HJ AppleTalk Proxies Ethernet n PPPoE Configure IPv4 Using DHCP IP Address 0 0 0 0 Renew DHCP Lease Subnet Mask DHCP Client ID If required Router DNS Servers Search Domains Optional IPv6 Address Configure IPv6 Q Click the lock to prevent further changes Assist me
97. TM QoS SNMP v1 and v2c with MIB II support RFC 1213 IP Multicasting IGMP v1 and v2 IGMP Proxy Management Embedded Web Configurator Remote Firmware Upgrade Syslog TR 069 19 3 Wireless Features Table 57 Wireless Features External Antenna The ZyXEL Device is equipped with an attached antenna to provide a clear radio signal between the wireless stations and the access points Filtering Wireless LAN MAC Address Your device can check the MAC addresses of wireless stations against a list of allowed or denied MAC addresses WEP Encryption WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy encrypts data frames before transmitting over the wireless network to help keep network communications private Wi Fi Protected Access Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a subset of the IEEE 802 11i security standard Key differences between WPA and WEP are user authentication and improved data encryption P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 19 Product Specifications Table 57 Wireless Features WPA2 WPA 2 is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption authentication and key management than WPA Other Wireless Features IEEE 802 11g Compliance Frequency Range 2 4 GHz ISM Band Advanced Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM Data Rates 54Mbps 11Mbps 5 5Mbps 2Mbps and 1 Mbps Auto Fallback WPA2 WMM IEEE 802 11i IEEE 802 11e Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP Data Encryption
98. WPS PIN it will be displayed either on the device or in the WPS section of the client s configuration interface see the device s User s Guide for how to find the WPS PIN for the ZyXEL Device see Section 7 5 on page 89 4 Enter the client s PIN in the AP s configuration interface Note If the client device s configuration interface has an area for entering another device s PIN you can either enter the client s PIN in the AP or enter the AP s PIN in the client it does not matter which 5 Start WPS on both devices within two minutes Note Use the configuration utility to activate WPS not the push button on the device itself 6 Ona computer connected to the wireless client try to connect to the Internet If you can connect WPS was successful If you cannot connect check the list of associated wireless clients in the AP s configuration utility If you see the wireless client in the list WPS was successful P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN The following figure shows a WPS enabled wireless client installed in a notebook computer connecting to the WPS enabled AP via the PIN method Figure 49 Example WPS Process PIN Method ENROLLEE REGISTRAR WITHIN 2 MINUTES SECURE EAP TUNNEL Sa Gi j SSID 1 WPA 2 PSK mi COMMUNICATION 4 7 9 4 3 How WPS Works When two WPS enabled devices connect each device must assume a specific role One device acts as the re
99. a computer connected to the wireless LAN and you change the ZyXEL Device s SSID or security settings you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the ZyXEL Device s new settings P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Click Network gt Wireless LAN to open the General screen Figure 39 Network gt Wireless LAN gt General Wireless Setup v Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZyXEL C Hide Network Name SSID Channel Selection 5 v BSSID 00 19 CB D1 79 05 Security Security Mode No Security v The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 17 Network gt Wireless LAN gt General LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Click the check box to activate wireless LAN Wireless LAN Network The SSID Service Set IDentity identifies the service set with which a Name SSID wireless device is associated Wireless devices associating to the access point AP must have the same SSID Enter a descriptive name up to 32 printable 7 bit ASCII characters for the wireless LAN Note If you are configuring the ZyXEL Device from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and you change the ZyXEL Device s SSID or WEP settings you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the ZyXEL Device s new settin
100. a proper response from the user and then sends another Access Request message The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user accounting Accounting Request Sent by the access point requesting accounting Accounting Response Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting In order to ensure network security the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret key which is a password they both know The key is not sent over the network In addition to the shared key password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from unauthorized access Types of EAP Authentication This section discusses some popular authentication types EAP MD5 EAP TLS EAP TTLS PEAP and LEAP Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE 802 1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication By using EAP to interact with an EAP compatible RADIUS server an access point helps a wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP s that supports IEEE 802 1x For EAP TLS authentication type you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain the certificate s from a certific
101. able exchange of simple product and service descriptions NAT traversal allows the following Dynamic port mapping Learning public IP addresses Assigning lease times to mappings P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT Cautions with UPnP The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening firewall ports may present network security issues Network information and configuration may also be obtained and modified by users in some network environments When a UPnP device joins a network it announces its presence with a multicast message For security reasons the ZyXEL Device allows multicast messages on the LAN only All UPnP enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration Disable UPnP if this is not your intention UPnP and ZyXEL ZyXEL has achieved UPnP certification from the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP Implementers Corp UIC ZyXEL s UPnP implementation supports Internet Gateway Device IGD 1 0 See the following sections for examples of installing and using UPnP 14 3 The UPnP Screen Click Advanced UPnP to display the screen shown next See Section 14 1 on page 149 for more information Figure 73 Advanced UPnP UPnP Setup Acti
102. all ones is the subnet s broadcast address Table 63 Subnet 1 IP SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address Decimal 192 168 1 0 IP Address Binary 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000 Subnet Mask Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 Subnet Address Lowest Host ID 192 168 1 1 192 168 1 0 Broadcast Address Highest Host ID 192 168 1 62 192 168 1 63 Table 64 Subnet 2 IP SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192 168 1 64 IP Address Binary 11000000 10101000 00000001 01000000 Subnet Mask Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 Subnet Address Lowest Host ID 192 168 1 65 192 168 1 64 Broadcast Address Highest Host ID 192 168 1 126 192 168 1 127 Table 65 Subnet 3 IP SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192 168 1 128 IP Address Binary 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000000 Subnet Mask Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 Subnet Address Lowest Host ID 192 168 1 129 192 168 1 128 Broadcast Address Highest Host ID 192 168 1 190 192 168 1 191 Table 66 Subnet 4 IP SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192 168 1 192 IP Address Binary 11000000 10101000 00000001 11000000 Subnet Mask Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting
103. ally located in one immediate area such as a building or floor of a building The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses LAN N 4 r ES DSL 5 Internet gt J See Section 6 7 on page 75 for more information on LANs See Appendix D on page 247 for more information on IP addresses and subnetting 6 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The LAN IP screen lets you set the LAN IP address and subnet mask of your ZyXEL device and configure the ZyXEL Device s DHCP settings Section 6 4 on page 71 The Client List screen lets you assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC Addresses Section 6 5 on page 72 The IP Alias screen lets you change your ZyXEL Device s IP alias settings Section 6 6 on page 73 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup 6 2 What You Need To Know IP Address Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number This is known as an Internet Protocol address Subnet Mask The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address Your ZyXEL Device will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered You don t need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise DHCP DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol allow
104. ate authority CA A certificate also called digital IDs can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner EAP MD5 Message Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 authentication is the simplest one way authentication method The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless client The wireless client proves that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information Password is not sent in plain text P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs However MD5 authentication has some weaknesses Since the authentication server needs to get the plaintext passwords the passwords must be stored Thus someone other than the authentication server may access the password file In addition it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication Finally MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption EAP TLS Transport Layer Security With EAP TLS digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless clients for mutual authentication The server presents a certificate to the client After validating the identity of the server the client sends a different certificate to the server The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secur
105. ation Number that allows one device to authenticate the other in each of the two devices When WPS is activated on a device it has two minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated Then the two devices connect and set up a secure network by themselves 7 9 4 1 Push Button Configuration WPS Push Button Configuration PBC is initiated by pressing a button on each WPS enabled device and allowing them to connect automatically You do not need to enter any information Not every WPS enabled device has a physical WPS button Some may have a WPS PBC button in their configuration utilities instead of or in addition to the physical button Take the following steps to set up WPS using the button 1 Ensure that the two devices you want to set up are within wireless range of one another 2 Look for a WPS button on each device If the device does not have one log into its configuration utility and locate the button see the device s User s Guide for how to do this for the ZyXEL Device see Section 7 6 on page 91 3 Press the button on one of the devices it doesn t matter which For the ZyXEL Device you must press the WPS button for more than three seconds 4 Within two minutes press the button on the other device The registrar sends the network name SSID and security key through an secure connection to the enrollee f you need to make sure that WPS worked check the list of associated wireless clients in the AP s conf
106. b and or IEEE 802 11g wireless clients to connect to the ZyXEL Device wirelessly Enable wireless security WEP WPA 2 WPA 2 PSK and or MAC filtering to protect your wireless network Firmware Upgrade Configuration Backup amp Restoration Download new firmware when available from the ZyXEL web site and use the web configurator to put it on the ZyXEL Device Note Only upload firmware for your specific model Make a copy of the ZyXEL Device s configuration You can put it back on the ZyXEL Device later if you decide to revert back to an earlier configuration Port Forwarding If you have a server mail or web server for example on your network you can use this feature to let people access it from the nternet DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Use this feature to have the ZyXEL Device assign IP addresses an IP default gateway and DNS servers to computers on your Protocol network Your device can also act as a surrogate DHCP server DHCP Relay where it relays IP address assignment from the actual real DHCP server to the clients Dynamic DNS With Dynamic DNS Domain Name System support you can use Support a fixed URL www zyxel com for example with a dynamic IP address You must register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider P Multicast IP multicast is used to send traffic to a specific group of computers The ZyXEL Device supports versions 1 and 2 of IGMP Internet Group Manage
107. ble Markup Language XML format over HTTP or HTTPS An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the ZyXEL Device modify settings perform firmware upgrades as well as monitor and diagnose the ZyXEL Device You have enable the device to be managed by the ACS and specify the ACS IP address or domain name and username and password P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 13 Remote Management Click Advanced gt Remote MGMT to open the following screen Use this screen to configure your P 870HA to be managed by an ACS Figure 69 TR 069 TRO69 TRO69 Inform Disable O Enable Inform Interval 300 sec Min 30 sec ACS URL ACS User Name admin ACS Password e WAN Interface used by TR 069 Any WAN Rr client v Connection Request Authentication ConnectionRequest User Name admin ConnectionRequest Password Connection Request URL The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 44 TR 069 LABEL DESCRIPTION Inform Select Enable to activate remote management via TR 069 on the WAN Otherwise select Disable Inform Interval Enter the time interval in seconds at which the ZyXEL Device sends information to the auto configuration server ACS URL Enter the URL or IP address of the auto configuration server ACS User Name Enter the TR 069 user name for authentication with the auto configuration server ACS Password Enter the TR 069 password for authentication wi
108. bnet mask Port If you select a protocol type enter the port number s of the destination 0 means any destination port number MAC Address Enter the destination MAC address of the packet MAC Mask Type the mask for the specified MAC address to determine which bits a packet s MAC address should match Enter f for each bit of the specified destination MAC address that the traffic s MAC address should match Enter 0 for the bit s of the matched traffic s MAC address which can be of any hexadecimal character s For example if you set the MAC address to 00 13 49 00 00 00 and the mask to ff ff ff 00 00 00 a packet with a MAC address of 00 13 49 12 34 56 matches this criteria You cannot put a 0 pair before an f pair For example ff ff 00 ff 00 00 is invalid Others Protocol Select the protocol service type from TCP UDP I CMP or IGMP Differentiated Services Code Point DSCP Select a DSCP value from the drop down list box default represents the default DSCP value 000000 or 0x00 802 1p Priority Select a priority level between 0 and 7 from the drop down list box 0 is the lowest priority level and 7 is the highest Back Click Back to return to the previous screen without saving Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh 11 6 Technical Reference The following
109. c OS X 10 5 on page 209 Linux Ubuntu 8 GNOME on page 212 Linux openSUSE 10 3 KDE on page 218 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Windows XP NT 2000 The following example uses the default Windows XP display theme but can also 2 apply to Windows 2000 and Windows NT Click Start gt Control Panel Figure 102 Windows XP Start Menu user F Internet Explorer cA My Documents A Outlook Express 2 My Recent Documents Y Paint c4 My Pictures Files and Settings Transfer W E E Command Prompt 7 My Music E Acrobat Reader 4 0 My Computer Tour Windows xP Vl Windows Movie Maker tg Printers and Faxes Q9 Help and Support pe Search All Programs gt I Run B Log Off Turn Off Computer untitled Paint In the Control Panel click the Network Connections icon Figure 103 Windows XP Control Panel amp Control Panel Edit View Favorites Tools Help File Q j x P Search E Folders fz Address G Control Panel A V Control Panel A Network Hd Hardware Qe Switch to Category View Cnr eehans Game See Also Controllers A Windows Update P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 3 Right click Local Area Connection and then select Properties Figure 104 Windows XP Control Panel gt Network Connections gt
110. cifications eere 163 cy urspbeclji qe UE 165 So RT 169 jo 173 Boecl MEM E D IT 181 dics MO iei cr Np Ec T ec E IRR uns anal 187 Appendices and MAER C O 193 New Template User s Guide 9 New Template User s Guide Table of Contents Table of Contents About This Users ct 3 i e l X o 5 lik i a 7 Tabie of COMEM 11 x 4H 17 Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL DOVIGE uisa esakasna aia hh tl LR FR ERR RE EA DARE Ra RARE naaraana daaraan A BALL MM IRAK EE daa aA 19 TELOVE ON errre ae ea A 19 1 2 Ways to Managge he ZyXEL Desibst 2scosduedesterididssber nii 19 1 3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device rentre trt net xh eet nra 20 1 4 Applications Tor the ZyXEL Device uuu cus eser radii e oils boca E ERE E on UR ia iu i 20 EI ACCESS c S 20 ila LEDE LONE E nanio TENES 21 LO The RESET BUB siioni E A 22 1 6 1 Using ihe Faset BURON Pe 22 3d The WPO WLAN IY cerina aa AS 23 Leal Durus Vedass LAIN CHLOE ON ca chtsacecsoneaseancteceriear e Nli 23 Ute ENE VEO eR ENT 23 Chapter 2 TOO
111. ction Back Click this to return to the previous screen Apply Click this to save the changes Reset Click this to restore your last saved settings 5 5 The More Connections Screen The ZyXEL Device allows you to configure more than one Internet access connection To configure additional Internet access connections click Network gt WAN gt More Connections The screen differs by the encapsulation you select P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup When you use the WAN gt Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access you are configuring the first WAN connection Figure 29 WAN gt More Connections 2 LAN a RE 777 INI SS Oa 1 INTERNET ptmo 1 1 1 IPoE test ppp0 123 123 3 PPPoE BP d The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 11 WAN gt More Connections LABEL DESCRIPTION This is an index number indicating the number of the corresponding connection Name This is the name you gave to the Internet connection Interface This shows the name of the ZyXEL Device s interface used by this connection ptmO indicates the WAN using ENET ENCAP or in bridge mode pppO indicates the WAN interface using PPPoE The last number represents the index number of connections over the same PVC or the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection VLAN ID Priority Encapsulation This field shows the VLAN ID nu
112. d Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the server for the specified service External Port Start Enter the original destination port for the packets To forward only one port enter the port number again in the External Port End field To forward a series of ports enter the start port number here and the end port number in the External Port End field External Port End Enter the last port of the original destination port range To forward only one port enter the port number in the External Port Start field above and then enter it again in this field To forward a series of ports enter the last port number in a series that begins with the port number in the External Port Start field above Internal Port Start Enter the port number to which you want the ZyXEL Device to translate the incoming port To forward only one port enter the port number again in the I nternal Port End field For a range of ports enter the first number of the range to which you want the incoming ports translated Internal Port End Enter the last port of the translated port range Protocol This is the IP protocol Add Click this button to add a rule to the table below No This is the rule index number read only Active This field indicates whether the rule is active or not Clear the check box to disable the rule Select the check box to enable it Server Name This field displays the nam
113. d by IP multicast computers The address 224 0 0 1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts including gateways All hosts must join the 224 0 0 1 group in order to participate in IGMP The address 224 0 0 2 is assigned to the multicast routers group At start up the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership After that the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information DNS Server Address Assignment Use Domain Name System DNS to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa for instance the IP address of www zyxel com is P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 204 217 0 2 The DNS server is extremely important because without it you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it The ZyXEL Device can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses usually in the form of an information sheet when you sign up If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses manually enter them in the DNS server fields If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses along with the ZyXEL Device s WAN IP address set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide LAN Setup 6 1 Overview A Local Area Network LAN is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached A LAN is usu
114. demarks ZyNOS ZyXEL Network Operating System is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications Inc Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners Certifications Federal Communications Commission FCC Interference Statement The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions This device may not cause harmful interference P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 267 Appendix F Legal Information This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operations This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This device generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this device does cause harmful interference to radio television reception which can be determined by turning the device off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures 1 Reorient or relocate the recei
115. der will give you a password or key 12 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter Use the Dynamic DNS screen Section 12 3 on page 142 to enable DDNS and configure the DDNS settings on the ZyXEL Device 12 2 What You Need To Know DYNDNS Wildcard Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org This feature is useful if you want to be able to use for example www yourhost dyndns org and still reach your hostname If you have a private WAN IP address then you cannot use Dynamic DNS P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 12 Dynamic DNS Setup 12 3 The Dynamic DNS Screen To change your ZyXEL Device s DDNS click Advanced gt Dynamic DNS The screen appears as shown Figure 68 Advanced gt Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS Setup Service Provider ivy DynDNS ORG v Host Name 7 Interface JINTERNETipppO_1 v User Name re Password tc Email pax j Key l7 Apply Cancel The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 43 Advanced gt Dynamic DNS LABEL DESCRIPTION Service Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider Provider Host Name Type the domain name assigned to your ZyXEL Device by your Dynamic DNS provider You can specify up to two host names in the field separated by a comma Interface Select the WAN interface
116. ditional technical information about the ZyXEL Device features described in this chapter LANs WANs and the ZyXEL Device The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or WAN ports There are two separate IP networks one inside the LAN network and the other outside the WAN network as shown next Figure 38 LAN and WAN IP Addresses A Wo a a a a ee a a 5 D 3 1 f DHCP Setup DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132 allows individual clients to obtain TCP IP configuration at start up from a server You can configure the ZyXEL Device as a DHCP server or disable it When configured as a server the ZyXEL Device provides the TCP IP configuration for the clients If you turn DHCP service off you must have another DHCP server on your LAN or else the computer must be manually configured IP Pool Setup The ZyXEL Device is pre configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients DHCP Pool See the product specifications in the appendices Do not assign static IP addresses from the DHCP pool to your LAN computers LAN TCP IP The ZyXEL Device has built in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup IP Address and Subnet Mask Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street
117. dresses Advanced 6 Select Obtain an I P address automatically if your network administrator or ISP assigns your IP address dynamically Select Use the following I P Address and fill in the IP address Subnet mask and Default gateway fields if you have a static IP address that was assigned to you by your network administrator or ISP You may also have to enter a Preferred DNS server and an Alternate DNS server if that information was provided 7 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties window 8 Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window Verifying Settings 1 Click Start gt All Programs gt Accessories gt Command Prompt P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 2 Inthe Command Prompt window type ipconfig and then press ENTER You can also go to Start gt Control Panel gt Network Connections right click a network connection click Status and then click the Support tab to view your IP address and connection information P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Windows Vista This section shows screens from Windows Vista Professional 1 Click Start gt Control Panel Figure 107 Windows Vista Start Menu Dr eye 7 0 Professional Connect To g Media Player Classic gt Default Programs All Programs Help anc o DALE 2 In the Control Pane
118. ducing the Web Configurator 35 Status Screens 39 Introducing the ZyXEL Device This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the ZyXEL Device It also introduces the ways you can manage the ZyXEL Device 1 1 Overview The P 870HW 51a v2 is a VDSL2 gateway that allows super fast secure Internet access over analog POTS telephone lines you can use Quality of Service QoS to efficiently manage traffic on your network by giving priority to certain types of traffic and or to particular computers Please refer to the following description of the product name format H denotes an integrated 4 port hub switch e W denotes wireless functionality There is an embedded mini PCI module for IEEE 802 11g wireless LAN connectivity Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device s specific model Refer to the label on the bottom of your ZyXEL Device See Chapter 19 on page 187 for a full list of features 1 2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device Web Configurator This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device using a supported web browser TR 069 This is an auto configuration server used to remotely configure your device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device 1 3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device Do the following things regularly to make the ZyXEL Device more secure and to manage
119. e Sent Packets 20607 IP Address es 118 169 44 203 Send Errors 0 Link Speed 100 Mb Recv Packets 22626 Link Status Active Recv Errors 0 Vendor Marvell Collisions 0 Model Yukon Gigabit Adapter 88E8053 208 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Mac OS X 10 5 The screens in this section are from Mac OS X 10 5 1 Click Apple gt System Preferences Figure 120 Mac OS X 10 5 Apple Menu Finder File Edit Vie About This Mac Software Update Mac OS X Software SSS SS System Preferences y R Recent Items b Force Quit CEOS Sleep Restart Shut Down 2 In System Preferences click the Network icon Figure 121 Mac OS X 10 5 Systems Preferences eo System Preferences Personal cr WW M dB BD o BG Appearance Desktop amp Dock Expos amp International Security Spotlight Screen Saver Spaces Hardware S m V o e A CDs amp DVDs Displays Energy Keyboard amp Print amp Fax Sound Saver Mouse e ja a QuickTime Sharing A Q oO i B 99 Q Accounts Date amp Time Parental Software Speech Startup Disk Time Machine Universal Controls Update Access P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 3 When the Network preferences pane opens select Ethernet from the list of available connection types Figure 122 Mac OS X 10 5 Network Preferences gt Ethernet eo Network e Internal
120. e at which the ZyXEL Device transmits wireless multicast Rate traffic If you select a high rate multicast traffic may occupy all the bandwidth and cause metwork congestion P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Table 25 Wireless LAN gt Advanced Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION 54g M Mode Select 54g Auto to allow either IEEE 802 11b or IEEE 802 119 compliant WLAN devices to associate with the ZyXEL Device The ZyXEL Device adjusts the transmission rate automatically according to the wireless standard supported by the wireless devices Select 54g Performance to allow only IEEE 802 119 compliant WLAN devices to associate with the ZyXEL Device Select 802 11b Only to allow either IEEE 802 11b or IEEE 802 11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with the ZyXEL Device In this mode all wireless devices can only transmit at the data rates supported by IEEE 802 11b 54g Protection Enabling this feature can help prevent collisions in mixed mode networks networks with both IEEE 802 11b and IEEE 802 11g traffic Select Auto to have the wireless devices transmit data after a RTS CTS handshake This helps improve IEEE 802 11g performance Select Off to disable 54g protection The transmission rate of your ZyXEL Device might be reduced in a mixed mode network This field displays Off and is not configurable when you set 54g Mode to 802 11b Only Preamble Select a preamble ty
121. e of the service used by the packets for this virtual server WAN Interface This field shows the WAN interface through which the service is forwarded External Port Start This is the first external port number that identifies a service External Port End Internal Port Start This is the last external port number that identifies a service This is the first internal port number that identifies a service P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT Table 28 NAT Port Forwarding continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Internal Port End This is the last internal port number that identifies a service Server IP This field displays the destination IP address for the packet Address Modify Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the port forwarding rule Click the remove icon to delete an existing port forwarding rule Note that subsequent rules move up by one when you take this action Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration 8 3 1 The Port Forwarding Edit Screen This screen lets you create or edit a port forwarding rule Select User Define in the Service Name field or click the rule s edit icon in the Port Forwarding screen to open the following screen Figure 55 Port Forwarding Edit Rule Setup M active Service Name WA
122. e wireless client is not always the enrollee All WPS certified APs can be a registrar and so can some WPS enabled wireless clients By default a WPS devices is unconfigured This means that it is not part of an existing network and can act as either enrollee or registrar if it supports both functions If the registrar is unconfigured the security settings it transmits to the enrollee are randomly generated Once a WPS enabled device has connected to another device using WPS it becomes configured A configured wireless client can still act as enrollee or registrar in subsequent WPS connections but a configured access point can no longer act as enrollee It will be the registrar in all subsequent WPS connections in which it is involved If you want a configured AP to act as an enrollee you must reset it to its factory defaults P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 9 4 4 Example WPS Network Setup This section shows how security settings are distributed in an example WPS setup The following figure shows an example network In step 1 both AP1 and Client 1 are unconfigured When WPS is activated on both they perform the handshake In this example AP1 is the registrar and Client 1 is the enrollee The registrar randomly generates the security information to set up the network since it is unconfigured and has no existing information Figure 51 WPS Example Network Step 1 ENROLLEE REGISTRAR a lt Q
123. ection 11 5 on page 133 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS 11 2 What You Need to Know The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter QoS versus Cos QoS is used to prioritize source to destination traffic flows All packets in the same flow are given the same priority CoS class of service is a way of managing traffic in a network by grouping similar types of traffic together and treating each type as a class You can use CoS to give different priorities to different packet types CoS technologies include IEEE 802 1p layer 2 tagging and DiffServ Differentiated Services or DS IEEE 802 1p tagging makes use of three bits in the packet header while DiffServ is a new protocol and defines a new DS field which replaces the eight bit ToS Type of Service field in the IP header Tagging and Marking In a QoS class you can configure whether to add or change the DSCP DiffServ Code Point value IEEE 802 1p priority level and VLAN ID number in a matched packet When the packet passes through a compatible network the networking device such as a backbone switch can provide specific treatment or service based on the tag or marker 11 3 The Quality of Service General Screen Click Advanced Setup gt Quality of Service to open the screen as shown next Use this screen to enable or disable QoS and set the default DSCP value for incoming traffic does not match a class S
124. ection the time The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is disconnected Connect on Select Connect on Demand when you don t want the connection up Demand all the time and specify an idle time out in the Max Idle Time field Max Idle Time Specify an idle time out in the Max Idle Time field when you select Connect on Demand The default setting is 0 which means the Internet session will not timeout NAT Active NAT Select this check box to enable NAT on this connection P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 9 WAN gt Internet Connection continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Symmetric Select this option to enable symmetric NAT on this connection This field is available only when you select Active NAT Fullcone Select this option to enable full cone NAT on this connection This field is available only when you select Active NAT DNS Servers Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information and the ZyXEL Device s WAN IP address Select Static IP if you have the IP address of a DNS server First DNS Server If you select Static IP enter the DNS server s IP address in the field to the right Second DNS Server VLAN This section is available in this screen only when you select Bridge in the Mode field VLAN Active Select this option to enable VLAN multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
125. ed tunnel is created This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender s identity However to implement EAP TLS you need a Certificate Authority CA to handle certificates which imposes a management overhead EAP TTLS Tunneled Transport Layer Service EAP TTLS is an extension of the EAP TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server side authentications to establish a secure connection Client authentication is then done by sending username and password through the secure connection thus client identity is protected For client authentication EAP TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP CHAP MS CHAP and MS CHAP v2 PEAP Protected EAP Like EAP TTLS server side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the clients thus hiding client identity However PEAP only supports EAP methods such as EAP MD5 EAP MSCHAPv2 and EAP GTC EAP Generic Token Card for client authentication EAP GTC is implemented only by Cisco LEAP LEAP Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802 1x P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 255 Appendix D Wireless LANs Dynamic WEP Key Exchange The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server This
126. ed to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP IP Filter This section is not available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to be in bridge mode IP Filter Select this option to enable IP filtering on this connection Active VLAN VLAN Active Select this option to enable VLAN multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit You need to assign a VLAN ID and priority level to traffic through each WAN connection All WAN connections share one MAC address This allows the backbone switch to classify and service traffic based on the VLAN tag Otherwise disable VLAN multiplexing and each WAN connection has its own MAC address Note This field is only configurable for the first WAN connection When you change the setting here all existing WAN connections will be removed except for the first WAN connection VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID number for traffic that goes through this connection Priority Enter a priority level for traffic that goes through this connection Back Click this to return to the previous screen Apply Click this to save the changes Reset Click this to restore your last saved settings 5 6 Technical Reference The following section contains additional technical information about the ZyXEL Device features described in this chapter P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Encapsulation Be sure to use the encapsu
127. ee Section 11 1 on page 129 for more information Figure 63 QoS General General M Active QoS Select Default DSCP Mark No Changef 1 Apply Cancel P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 37 QoS General LABEL DESCRIPTION Active QoS Select the check box to turn on QoS to improve your network performance Select Default This field is available only when you select Enable QoS DSCP Mark i If you enable QoS and incoming traffic does not match a class configured in the Class Setup screen the ZyXEL Device sets the DSCP field in the packets with the value you select here If you select No Change the ZyXEL Device keeps the DSCP fields in the packets Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh 11 4 The Queue Setup Screen Click QoS Queue Setup to open the screen as shown next Use this screen to configure QoS queue assignment Figure 64 QoS Queue Setup Queue Setup Queue Setup Create a new Queue Add UINCONNCONNNCTUNEENCTOON NUM 3 i B W test ptm 1 The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 38 QoS Queue Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Add Click this button to create a new entry Queue Key This is the index number of this entry Act
128. eless client how to use WPA At the time of writing the most widely available supplicant is the WPA patch for Windows XP Funk Software s Odyssey client The Windows XP patch is a free download that adds WPA capability to Windows XP s built in Zero Configuration wireless client However you must run Windows XP to use it WPA 2 with RADIUS Application Example To set up WPA 2 you need the IP address of the RADIUS server its port number default is 1812 and the RADIUS shared secret A WPA 2 application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows A is the RADIUS server DS is the distribution system The AP passes the wireless client s authentication request to the RADIUS server The RADIUS server then checks the user s identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly A 256 bit Pairwise Master Key PMK is derived from the authentication process by the RADIUS server and the client P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs 4 The RADIUS server distributes the PMK to the AP The AP then sets up a key hierarchy and management system using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys The keys are used to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients Figure 160 WPA 2 with RADIUS Application Example L L AN 3 N es Internet a B A l Bg _ c v T i
129. en irren tei eee 135 TO Tee AUC ruriini D ELO ILLU ILS 137 Chapter 12 Dynamit DNS SOUD a a Pe ee On ey Cee ne ee eee een eee eee 141 DE A RIEU m 141 teil Wheat Yoa Gan Doi his DRSpDUSE ca bea pa Ua Rd P RED RR bx aree ada 141 1228 What You Nega Ter KNOR us assente exito EE e UD GRE C2 RUE a Ee E ar Eu UE SAN TIR UR aU 141 123 The Dynamit DNG aC ct 142 Chapter 13 Remote Manade iB nui assai n RE Aaa RR XAARR SAN REA ARAB AKERIRM ERA AME AMO BARRE ER XR AMR MARE LA AARAU KA RAM MAR A 143 ENDE TE S MNT D UN LL IT 143 18 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter 2ossseteresdas predi aeta eta iint teen aER ieia 143 122 The TR OGO SOME Qu snas or o FX Di OVE OPCION DEED FS C db ET CERT E apr RE der 143 129 Mhe Senke Contool eg NO n 145 134 Th IP Address SEIBBH 6 eredi EUR a E iB err ads RRE EE UE 146 1252 1 Adding am JP AOOIBSS 5s bag EPOR RU DES Ebr La E Pera RR REGE RR RR ARR RR RR RA 147 Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play CUP inia iti cach i tia an Pa Eta nennen eps E bala pu MEME ul Ma MP eaaa 149 TE TOVONI Xem 149 T4 1 1 What You Gan Do in this Chaplet ssiri partes aE 149 142 What You Need io KNOWN i sess osaunstrivsoniatiocesnnnrut aa aa a Ape aai a Aii 149 Ta Tie UPOP SIBIBBU erii 150 144 Installimy UPnP in Windows Example 5 ssniacteec retia rca er nat raa a ju caa 151 14 5 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example iuicgesub vriscestespeditdt bet omiqdbeube Uiegeb erro aon o ERU Qitsar bre QS 155 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Table of Content
130. en to configure the advanced wireless LAN settings Setup NAT Port Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside Forwarding world DMZ Host Use this screen to configure a default server which receives packets from ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen Security IP Filter Incoming This screen shows a summary of the IP filtering rules and allows you to add or remove an incoming IP filtering rule that allows incoming traffic from the WAN Advanced Static Route IP Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes to tell your device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide about networks beyond the directly connected remote nodes Chapter 3 Introducing the Web Configurator Table 2 Navigation Panel Summary LINK TAB FUNCTION QoS General Use this screen to enable QoS Queue Setup Use this screen to configure QoS queues Class Setup Use this screen to define a classifier Dynamic DNS This screen allows you to use a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address Remote TRO69 Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device to be managed by MGMT an ACS Auto Configuration Server ServiceControl Use this screen to configure which services protocols can access which ZyXEL Device interface IPAddress Use this screen to configure from which IP address es users can manage the ZyXEL Device UPnP General Use this screen to turn UPn
131. encapsulati PPPoE pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE on only client software on their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP IP Filter This section is not available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to be in bridge mode IP Filter Select this option to enable IP filtering on this connection Active VLAN VLAN Active Select this option to enable VLAN multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit You need to assign a VLAN ID and priority level to traffic through each WAN connection All WAN connections share one MAC address This allows the backbone switch to classify and service traffic based on the VLAN tag instead of the MAC address Otherwise disable VLAN multiplexing and each WAN connection has its own MAC address Note This field is only configurable for the first WAN connection When you change the setting here all existing WAN connections will be removed except for the first WAN connection VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID number for traffic that goes through this connection Priority Enter a priority level for traffic that goes through this conne
132. ent v2 RFC 2383 ST2 over ATM Protocol Specification UNI 3 1 Version TR 069 TR 069 DSL Forum Standard for CPE Wan Management 1 363 5 Compliant AAL5 SAR Segmentation And Re assembly P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART VI Appendices and Index Note The appendices provide general information Some details may not apply to your ZyXEL Device Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 195 Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 225 IP Addresses and Subnetting 235 Wireless LANs 247 Common Services 263 Legal Information 267 Index 271 Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Note Your specific ZyXEL device may not support all of the operating systems described in this appendix See the product specifications for more information about which operating systems are supported This appendix shows you how to configure the IP settings on your computer in order for it to be able to communicate with the other devices on your network Windows Vista XP 2000 Mac OS 9 OS X and all versions of UNIX LINUX include the software components you need to use TCP IP on your computer If you manually assign IP information instead of using a dynamic IP make sure that your network s computers have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet In this appendix you can set up an IP address for Windows XP NT 2000 on page 196 Windows Vista on page 200 Mac OS X 10 3 and 10 4 on page 205 Ma
133. er from which you can manage the ZyXEL Device Apply Save Click this button to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Back Click this button to return to the previous screen without saving P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 147 Chapter 13 Remote Management P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Universal Plug and Play UPnP 14 1 Overview Universal Plug and Play UPnP is a distributed open networking standard that uses TCP IP for simple peer to peer network connectivity between devices A UPnP device can dynamically join a network obtain an IP address convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network In turn a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use 14 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The UPnP screen lets you enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device Section 14 3 on page 150 14 2 What You Need to Know How do I know if I m using UPnP UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder Windows XP Each UPnP compatible device installed on your network will appear as a Separate icon Selecting the icon of a UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device NAT Traversal UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT UPnP network devices can automatically configure network addressing announce their presence in the network to other UPnP devices and en
134. erous channels This allows a variety of networks to exist in the same place without interfering with one another When you create a network you must select a channel to use Since the available unlicensed spectrum varies from one country to another the number of available channels also varies Wireless Security By their nature radio communications are simple to intercept For wireless data networks this means that anyone within range of a wireless network without security can not only read the data passing over the airwaves but also join the network Once an unauthorized person has access to the network s he can either steal information or introduce malware malicious software intended to compromise the network For these reasons a variety of security systems have been developed to ensure that only authorized people can use a wireless data network or understand the data carried on it These security standards do two things First they authenticate This means that only people presenting the right credentials often a username and password or a key phrase can access the network Second they encrypt This means that the information sent over the air is encoded Only people with the code key can understand the information and only people who have been authenticated are given the code key These security standards vary in effectiveness Some can be broken such as the old Wired Equivalent Protocol WEP Using WEP is better than
135. es of Files Manage Cancel Help i P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks IP addresses identify individual devices on a network Every networking device including computers servers routers printers etc needs an IP address to communicate across the network These networking devices are also known as hosts Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub networks Introduction to IP Addresses One part of the IP address is the network number and the other part is the host ID In the same way that houses on a street share a common street name the hosts on a network share a common network number Similarly as each house has its own house number each host on the network has its own unique identifying number the host ID Routers use the network number to send packets to the correct network while the host ID determines to which host on the network the packets are delivered Structure An IP address is made up of four parts written in dotted decimal notation for example 192 168 1 1 Each of these four parts is known as an octet An octet is an eight digit binary number for example 11000000 which is 192 in decimal notation Therefore
136. ess networks use WPA PSK WPA or stronger encryption The other types of encryption are better than none at all but it is still possible for unauthorized wireless devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly When you select WPA2 or WPA2 PSK in your ZyXEL Device you can also select an option WPA compatible to support WPA as well In this case if some of the devices support WPA and some support WPA2 you should set up WPA2 PSK or WPA2 depending on the type of wireless network login and select the WPA compatible option in the ZyXEL Device Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network The longer the key the stronger the encryption Every device in the wireless network must have the same key 7 9 4 WiFi Protected Setup Your ZyXEL Device supports WiFi Protected Setup WPS which is an easy way to set up a secure wireless network WPS is an industry standard specification defined by the WiFi Alliance WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security without having to configure security settings manually Each WPS connection works P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN between two devices Both devices must support WPS check each device s documentation to make sure Depending on the devices you have you can either press a button on the device itself or in its configuration utility or enter a PIN a unique Personal Identific
137. ets you configure system settings Section 15 2 on page 166 The Time Setting screen lets you set the system time Section 15 3 on page 167 What You Need to Know Domain Name This is a network address that identifies the owner of a network connection For example in the network address www zyxel com support files the domain name is www zyxel com DHCP DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a method of allocating IP addresses to devices on a network from a DHCP Server Often your ISP or a router on your network performs this function LAN A LAN local area network is typically a network which covers a small area made up of computers and other devices which share resources such as Internet access printers etc P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 15 System Settings 15 2 The General Screen Use the General screen to configure system settings such as the system password Click Maintenance gt System to open the General screen Figure 88 Maintenance gt System gt General UserName Password UserName 1234 Old Password New Password Retype to Confirm A Caution Please record your new password whenever you change it The system will lock you out if you have forgotten your password Apply Cancel The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 49 Maintenance gt System gt Genera LABEL DESCRIPTION UserName This shows the user name you use to access t
138. evice is allowed to use the wireless network Fragmentation Threshold A small fragmentation threshold is recommended for busy networks while a larger threshold provides faster performance if the network is not very busy 7 9 3 Wireless Security Overview The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless network 7 9 3 1 SSID Normally the ZyXEL Device acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area You can hide the SSID instead in which case the ZyXEL Device does not broadcast the SSID In addition you should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess This type of security is fairly weak however because there are ways for unauthorized wireless devices to get the SSID In addition unauthorized wireless devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network 7 9 3 2 MAC Address Filter Every device that can use a wireless network has a unique identification number called a MAC address A MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN characters for example 00A0C5000002 or 00 A0 C5 00 00 02 To get the MAC address for each device in the wireless network see the device s User s Guide or other documentation You can use the MAC address filter to tell the ZyXEL Device which devices are allowed or not allowed to use the wireless net
139. eway My Computer Packets Sent 8 Received 5 943 Web Configurator Easy Access With UPnP you can access the web based configurator on the ZyXEL Device without finding out the IP address of the ZyXEL Device first This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the ZyXEL Device Follow the steps below to access the web configurator Click Start and then Control Panel 2 Double click Network Connections P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 3 Select My Network Places under Other Places Figure 85 Network Connections Network Connections File Edit View Favorites Tools Advanced Help Q Back d pe Search li Folders Gi Address e Network Connections Internet Gateway Network Tasks Internet Connection Disabled Internet Connection 5 Create a new connection 9 Set up a home or small office network LAN or High Speed Internet See Also Local Area Connection i Network Troubleshooter Enabled L a Accton EN1207D Tx PCI Fast Other Places J Control Panel My Network Places 1 3 My Documents 4 My Computer Details Network Connections System Folder Network Connections 4 An icon with the description for each UPnP enabled device displays under Local Network P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 5 Right click on the icon for your ZyXEL Device and select Invo
140. ey Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Yes Disable Shared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Yes Disable WPA TKI P AES No Enable WPA PSK TKI P AES Yes Disable WPA2 TKI P AES No Enable WPA2 PSK TKI P AES Yes Disable P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs Antenna Overview An antenna couples RF signals onto air A transmitter within a wireless device sends an RF signal to the antenna which propagates the signal through the air The antenna also operates in reverse by capturing RF signals from the air Positioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN Antenna Characteristics Frequency An antenna in the frequency of 2 4GHz IEEE 802 11b and IEEE 802 11g or 5GHz IEEE 802 11a is needed to communicate efficiently in a wireless LAN Radiation Pattern A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows you to visualize the shape of the antenna s coverage area Antenna Gain Antenna gain measured in dB decibel is the increase in coverage within the RF beam width Higher antenna gain improves the range of the signal for better communications For an indoor site each 1 dB increase in antenna gain results in a range increase of approximately 2 596 For an unobstructed outdoor site each 1dB increase in gain results in a range increase of approximately 596 Actual results may vary depending on the network environment
141. fore resending the password for authentication after an attempt has failed IP Address A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you A dynamic IP address is not fixed the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address otherwise select Static I P Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the I P Address field below IP Address Enter the IP address assigned by your ISP if you select Static I P Address Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation when you select ENET ENCAP in the Mode field PPPoE only Gateway IP You must specify a gateway IP address supplied by your ISP when address you select ENET ENCAP in the Mode field Connection Nailed Up Select Nailed Up Connection when you want your connection up all Connection the time The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is disconnected Connect on Select Connect on Demand when you don t want the connection up Demand all the time and specify an idle time out in the Max Idle Time field Max Idle Time Specify an idle time out in the Max Idle Time field when you select Connect on Demand The default setting is 0 which means the Internet session will not timeout NAT Active NAT Select this check box to enable NAT on this connection P 870HW 51a v2 User s G
142. form user domain where domain identifies a service name then enter both components exactly as given Password Service Name PPPoE encapsulation only Enter the password associated with the user name above PPPoE encapsulation only Type the name of your PPPoE service here Retry when the authentication fails PPPoE encapsulation only Select this to have the ZyXEL Device send the password for authentication again if an attempt fails Retry Interval PPPoE encapsulation only Type a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to wait before resending the password for authentication after an attempt has failed IP Address A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you A dynamic IP address is not fixed the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address otherwise select Static I P Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the I P Address field below IP Address Enter the IP address assigned by your ISP if you select Static I P Address Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation when you select ENET ENCAP in the Mode field PPPoE only Gateway IP You must specify a gateway IP address supplied by your ISP when address you select ENET ENCAP in the Mode field Connection Nailed Up Select Nailed Up Connection when you want your connection up all Conn
143. gistrar the device that supplies network and security settings and the other device acts as the enrollee the device that receives network and security settings The registrar creates a secure EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol tunnel and sends the network name SSID and the WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK pre shared key to the enrollee Whether WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK is used depends on the standards supported by the devices If the registrar is already part of a network it sends the existing information If not it generates the SSID and WPA 2 PSK randomly P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN The following figure shows a WPS enabled client installed in a notebook computer connecting to a WPS enabled access point Figure 50 How WPS works ACTIVATE ACTIVATE WPS WPS WITHIN 2 MINUTES D E f Au 9 Desc WPS HANDSHAKE 5 SS ENROLLEE REGISTRAR SECURE TUNNEL T SECURITY INFO eS rd COMMUNICATION 6 Ne The roles of registrar and enrollee last only as long as the WPS setup process is active two minutes The next time you use WPS a different device can be the registrar if necessary The WPS connection process is like a handshake only two devices participate in each WPS transaction If you want to add more devices you should repeat the process with one of the existing networked devices and the new device Note that the access point AP is not always the registrar and th
144. gs Hide Network Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a Name SSID station cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool Channel Set the operating frequency channel depending on your particular region Selection Select a channel from the drop down list box BSSID This shows the MAC address of the wireless interface on the ZyXEL Device when wireless LAN is enabled Security See the following sections for more details about this field Mode Apply Click this to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Reset Click this to reload the previous configuration for this screen P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 4 1 No Security Select No Security to allow wireless devices to communicate with the access points without any data encryption or authentication Note If you do not enable any wireless security on your ZyXEL Device your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range Figure 40 Wireless LAN gt General No Security Wireless Setup BSSID I Security Security Mode Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZyXEL C Hide Network Name SSID Channel Selection 6 v 00 19 CB D1 79 05 No Security The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 18 Wireless LAN gt General No Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Security Choose No Security from t
145. he wireless network Select 64 bit WEP or 128 bit WEP to enable data encryption Key 1 to Key 4 If you chose 64 bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field then enter any 5 characters ASCII string or 10 hexadecimal characters 0 9 A F preceded by Ox for each key If you chose 128 bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field then enter 13 characters ASCII string or 26 hexadecimal characters 0 9 A F preceded by Ox for each key There are four data encryption keys to secure your data from eavesdropping by unauthorized wireless users Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission 7 4 3 WPA 2 PSK In order to configure and enable WPA 2 PSK authentication click Network gt Wireless LAN to display the General screen Select WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK from the Security Mode list Figure 42 Wireless LAN gt General WPA 2 PSK Wireless Setup BSSID Pre Shared Key V Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZyXEL C Hide Network Name SSID Channel Selection 5 v 00 19 CB D1 79 05 Security Security Mode WPA2 PSK Ww Active Compatible WPA PSK Compatible v 12345678 Group Key Update Timer 1800 WPA Encryption TKIP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen Table 20 Wireless LAN gt General WPA 2 PSK LABEL DESCRIPTION Security M
146. he directions in the Quick Start Guide again 5 If the problem continues contact your ISP cannot access the Internet anymore had access to the Internet with the ZyXEL Device but my Internet connection is not available anymore 1 Check the hardware connections and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1 5 on page 21 2 Turn the ZyXEL Device off and on 3 Ifthe problem continues contact your ISP The Internet connection is slow or intermittent 1 There might be a lot of traffic on the network Look at the LEDs and check Section 1 5 on page 21 If the ZyXEL Device is sending or receiving a lot of information try closing some programs that use the Internet especially peer to peer applications 2 Check the signal strength If the signal strength is low try moving your computer closer to the ZyXEL Device if possible and look around to see if there are any devices that might be interfering with the wireless network for example microwaves other wireless networks and so on 3 Turn the ZyXEL Device off and on 4 Ifthe problem continues contact the network administrator or vendor or try one of the advanced suggestions Advanced Suggestions P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 18 Troubleshooting Check the settings for QoS If it is disabled you might consider activating it If it is enabled you might consider raising or lowering the priority for s
147. he domain is especially important if this computer is a mail server If you are using DHCP to get an IP address check whether to get a hostname via DHCP The hostname of your host which can be seen by issuing the hostname command will be set automatically by the DHCP client You may want to disable this option if you connect x to different networks v m X Change etc resolv conf manually Name Servers and Domain Search List Name Server 1 Domain Search 10 0 2 3 Name Server 2 Name Server 3 _ Update DNS data via DHCP 9 Click Finish to save your settings and close the window P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address Verifying Settings Click the KNetwork Manager icon on the Task bar to check your TCP IP properties From the Options sub menu select Show Connection I nformation Figure 138 openSUSE 10 3 KNetwork Manager i Disable Wireless amp KNetworkManager a Wired Devices v 3 Switch to Offline Mode X Wired Network 4 Show Connection Information E Dial Up Connections Configure a Options When the Connection Status KNetwork Manager window opens click the Statistics tab to see if your connection is working properly Figure 139 openSUSE Connection Status KNetwork Manager A Connection Status KNetworkManager Device h Addresse T statistics Received
148. he drop down list box Mode P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 4 2 WEP Encryption In order to configure and enable WEP encryption click Network gt Wireless LAN to display the General screen Select WEP from the Security Mode list Figure 41 Wireless LAN gt General Static WEP Encryption Wireless Setup V Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZyXEL C Hide Network Name SSID Channel Selection 5 v BSSID 00 19 CB D1 79 05 Security Security Mode WEP v WEP Encryption 128 bit WEP v Ni Note 64 bit WEP Enter 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters 0 9 A F for each Key 1 4 128 bit WEP Enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters 0 9 A F for each Key 1 4 Select one WEP key as an active key to encrypt wireless data transmission 9 Key 1 Okey 2 Okey 3 Okey 4 The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen Table 19 Network gt Wireless LAN gt General Static WEP Encryption LABEL DESCRIPTION Security Choose Static WEP from the drop down list box Mode P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 85 Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Table 19 Network gt Wireless LAN gt General Static WEP Encryption LABEL DESCRIPTION WEP Encryption WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy provides data encryption to prevent unauthorized wireless stations from accessing data transmitted over t
149. he password enter your password and click Login Click Cancel to revert to the default password in the password field Figure 18 Password Screen Connect to 192 168 1 1 DSL Router User name g 1234 Password s Cl Remember my password gt Status Refresh Interval None Device Information System Status Host Name 1234 System Uptime 0 0 34 Model Number P 870HW 51a V2 Current Date Time 1Jan 2000 00 37 34 MAC Address 00 19 cb d1 79 04 System Mode Routing Brida ZyNOS Firmware Version 1 00 AWZ 0 b4 CPU Usage _ 2 DSL Firmware Version AvC010a d21i3 Memory Usage _ 80 WAN 1 Information Mode ENET ENCAP IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 Ini iim E PB interface status rate s Sta Mode ENET ENCAP rose ace us IP Address 0 0 0 0 iE DSL NoSignal kbps kbps IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 LAN Information Up SUME IP Address 192 168 1 1 LAN 1 Disabled 100M Full IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 isabled i DHCP SO VB Disable 100M Fu WLAN Information Disabled 100M Full ESSID ZyXEL Channel 6 RD SN WPS Status Configured More Status vi ore ets Route Info Client List WLAN Station List Message MA As illustrated above the main screen is divided into these parts A title bar P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 3 Introducing the Web Configurator B navigati
150. he system Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system in this field New Password Type your new system password up to 30 characters Note that as you type a password the screen displays a for each character you type After you change the password use the new password to access the ZyXEL Device Retype to Type the new password again for confirmation Confirm Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 15 System Settings 15 3 The Time Setting Screen To change your ZyXEL Device s time and date click Maintenance gt System gt Time Setting The screen appears as shown Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device s time based on your local time zone Figure 89 Maintenance gt System gt Time Setting Current Time Current Time 04 21 34 Current Date 1 Jan 2000 Time Zone Setup V Automatically synchronize with Internet time servers First NTP time server imenistaw x Second NTP time server nipitummycom x e Third NTP time server oner o A Fourth NTP time server Noe x J Fifth NTP time server we zl ej Time zone offset GMT 08 00 Pacific Time Tijuana v Apply Cancel The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 50 Maintenance System
151. heck to see if this has happened WPS works between only two devices simultaneously so if another device has enrolled your device will be unable to enroll and will not have access to the network If this happens open the access point s configuration interface and look at the list of associated clients usually displayed by MAC address It does not matter if the access point is the WPS registrar the enrollee or was not involved in the WPS handshake a rogue device must still associate with the access point to gain access to the network Check the MAC addresses of your wireless clients usually printed on a label on the bottom of the device If there is an unknown MAC address you can remove it or reset the AP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Network Address Translation NAT 8 1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the ZyXEL Device Network Address Translation NAT RFC 1631 is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet for example the source address of an outgoing packet used within one network to a different IP address known within another network 8 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The Port Forwarding screen lets you configure forward incoming service requests to the server s on your local network Section 8 3 on page 108 The DMZ Host screen lets you configure a default server Section 8 4 on page 111 8 2 What Yo
152. ice will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered You don t need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise Private IP Addresses Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address If your networks are isolated from the Internet for example only between your two branch offices you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks e 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 e 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 You can obtain your IP address from the IANA from an ISP or it can be assigned from a private network If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks On the other hand if you are part of a much larger P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup organization you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses Note Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines above For more information on address assignment please refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space Mu
153. icular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines above For more information on address assignment please refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space IP Address Conflicts Each device on a network must have a unique IP address Devices with duplicate IP addresses on the same network will not be able to access the Internet or other resources The devices may also be unreachable through the network Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP address In the following example computer A has a static or fixed IP address that is the same as the IP address that a DHCP server assigns to computer B which is a DHCP client Neither can access the Internet This problem can be solved by assigning a different static IP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting address to computer A or setting computer A to obtain an IP address automatically Figure 153 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example r a A a i ENS i a I 192 168 1 33 RES lt Internet t y i fi p N Ws vn u I 192 168 1 33 i i a Conflicting Router IP Addresses Example Since a router connects different networks it must have interfaces using different network numbers For example if a router is set between a LAN and the I
154. ify a name for this connection You can use up to 32 letters numerals and any printable character found on a typical English language keyboard P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 12 WAN gt More Connections Edit continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Mode The ZyXEL Device is in routing mode by default This allows multiple computers to share an Internet account Select the method of encapsulation ENET ENCAP or PPPoE used by your ISP from the drop down list box Otherwise select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP s DHCP server directly If you select Bridge you cannot use IP filter DHCP server and NAT on the ZyXEL Device User Name PPPoE encapsulation only Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned If assigned a name in the form user domain where domain identifies a service name then enter both components exactly as given Password Service Name PPPoE encapsulation only Enter the password associated with the user name above PPPoE encapsulation only Type the name of your PPPoE service here Retry when the authentication fails PPPoE encapsulation only Select this to have the ZyXEL Device send the password for authentication again if an attempt fails Retry Interval PPPoE encapsulation only Type a number of seconds for the ZyXEL Device to wait be
155. iguration utility If you see the wireless client in the list WPS was successful 7 9 4 2 PIN Configuration Each WPS enabled device has its own PIN Personal Identification Number This may either be static it cannot be changed or dynamic in some devices you can generate a new PIN by clicking on a button in the configuration interface P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Use the PIN method instead of the push button configuration PBC method if you want to ensure that the connection is established between the devices you specify not just the first two devices to activate WPS in range of each other However you need to log into the configuration interfaces of both devices to use the PIN method When you use the PIN method you must enter the PIN from one device usually the wireless client into the second device usually the Access Point or wireless router Then when WPS is activated on the first device it presents its PIN to the second device If the PIN matches one device sends the network and security information to the other allowing it to join the network Take the following steps to set up a WPS connection between an access point or wireless router referred to here as the AP and a client device using the PIN method 1 Ensure WPS is enabled on both devices 2 Access the WPS section of the AP s configuration interface See the device s User s Guide for how to do this 3 Look for the client s
156. in the Refresh Interval field Stop Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics 4 1 5 Client List DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132 allows individual clients to obtain TCP IP configuration at start up from a server You can configure the ZyXEL Device as a DHCP server or disable it When configured as a server the ZyXEL Device provides the TCP IP configuration for the clients If DHCP service is disabled you must have another DHCP server on your LAN or else the computer must be manually configured Click Status Client List to open the following screen The read only DHCP table shows current DHCP client information including IP Address Host Name and MAC Address of all network clients using the ZyXEL Device s DHCP server Figure 25 Status Client List Client List NAC Address IP Address 00 00 68 7c 14 80 192 168 1 33 The following table describes the labels in this screen Table8 Status Client List LABEL DESCRIPTION Host Name This indicates the computer host name MAC Address Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC Media Access Control address The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters for example 00 A0 C5 00 00 02 This indicates the MAC address of the client computer P Address This indicates the IP address assigned to this client computer P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide
157. ion that is sent in the wireless network Encryption is like a secret code If you do not know the secret code you cannot understand the message 1 Some wireless devices such as scanners can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses 2 Hexadecimal characters are 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E and F P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of authentication See Section 7 9 3 3 on page 97 for information about this Table 27 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication NO AUTHENTICATION RADIUS SERVER Weakest No Security Static WEP t WPA PSK WPA Stronges WPA2 PSK WPA2 t For example if the wireless network has a RADIUS server you can choose WPA or WPA2 If users do not log in to the wireless network you can choose no encryption Static WEP WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK Usually you should set up the strongest encryption that every device in the wireless network supports For example suppose you have a wireless network with the ZyXEL Device and you do not have a RADIUS server Therefore there is no authentication Suppose the wireless network has two devices Device A only supports WEP and device B supports WEP and WPA Therefore you should set up Static WEP in the wireless network Note It is recommended that wirel
158. ireless stations have to resend usernames and passwords in order to stay connected Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds The default time interval is 1800 seconds 30 minutes Note If wireless station authentication is done using a RADIUS server the reauthentication timer on the RADIUS server has priority Group Key This field is available only when you select WPA Update Timer The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP if using WPA 2 PSK key management or RADIUS server if using WPA 2 key management sends a new group key out to all clients The re keying process is the WPA 2 equivalent of automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a WLAN on a periodic basis Setting of the Group Key Update Timer is also supported in WPA 2 PSK mode The ZyXEL Device default is 1800 seconds 30 minutes Authentication Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the external authentication server in dotted decimal notation Port Number Enter the port number of the external authentication server The default port number is 1812 You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information Shared Secret Enter a password up to 31 alphanumeric characters as the key to be shared between the external authentication server and the ZyXEL Device The key must be the same on the external authentication server and your ZyXEL
159. is setting up a WPS connection Off The wireless network is not activated DSL Green On The DSL line is up Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line Off The DSL line is down INTERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has an IP connection but no traffic Your device has a WAN IP address either static or assigned by a DHCP server PPP negotiation was successfully completed if used and the DSL connection is up Red On The ZyXEL Device attempted to make an IP connection but failed Possible causes are no response from a DHCP server no PPPoE response PPPoE authentication failed Off The ZyXEL Device does not have an IP connection Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connections 1 6 The RESET Button If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator you will need to use the RESET button at the back of the device to reload the factory default configuration file This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to 1234 You can also use the 1 6 1 Using the Reset Button 1 Make sure the POWER LED is on not blinking 2 To set the device back to the factory default settings press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and then release it When the POWER LED begins to blink the defaults have been restored and the device restarts P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 1 Introduci
160. ity PIN Personal Identification Number and see information about the ZyXEL Device s WPS status Use the WPS Station see Section 7 6 on page 91 screen to set up WPS by pressing a button or using a PIN The MAC Filter screen lets you configure the MAC filter to allow or block access to the ZyXEL Device based on the MAC addresses of the wireless stations Section 7 7 on page 91 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN The Advanced Setup screen lets you change the wireless mode and make other advanced wireless configuration changes Section 7 8 on page 93 You don t necessarily need to use all these screens to set up your wireless connection For example you may just want to set up a network name a wireless radio channel and some security in the General screen 7 2 What You Need to Know Wireless Basics Wireless is essentially radio communication In the same way that walkie talkie radios send and receive information over the airwaves wireless networking devices exchange information with one another A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange information with radios attached to other computers Like walkie talkies most wireless networking devices operate at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to use However wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in that there a number of wirele
161. ive Select the check box to enable the queue Name This shows the descriptive name of this entry Interface This shows the name of the ZyXEL Device s interface through which traffic in this queue passes Precedence This shows the priority queue of this entry P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 131 Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS Table 38 QoS Queue Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Modify Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the queue Click the remove icon to delete an existing queue Note that subsequent rules move up by one when you take this action Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device 11 4 1 Adding a QoS Queue Click the Add button or the edit icon in the Queue Setup screen to configure a queue Figure 65 QoS Queue Setup Add Queue Configuration Active Queue o Mame here L N Interface Queue SEREA EN Back Apply Cancel AA E E A A ooo The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 39 QoS Queue Setup Add LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select to enable or disable this rule Queue Name Enter the descriptive name of this rule Queue Select the interface to which this rule is applied Interface Queue Select the priority queue of this rule Precedence f o The smaller the number the higher the priority level Back Click Back to return to the previous screen
162. ke The web configurator login screen displays Figure 86 Network Connections My Network Places T My Network Places File r ic X Search le Folders Ei a My Network Places Edit view Favorites Tools Help Address Local Network Network Tasks restige 650R 31 Internet Invoke gg Add a network place e View network connections Set up a home or small office network 3 View workgroup computers Create Shortcut Rename Properties Other Places 6 Right click on the icon for your ZyXEL Device and select Properties A properties window displays with basic information about the ZyXEL Device Figure 87 Network Connections My Network Places Properties Example ZyXEL Internet Sharing Gateway General mj ZWXEL Internet Sharing Gateway Manufacturer ZyXEL Model Name ZyXEL Internet Sharing Gateway Model Number Description ZyXEL Internet Sharing Gateway Device Address http 192 168 1 1 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide PART V Maintenance Troubleshooting and Specifications 15 1 15 1 1 15 1 2 System Settings Overview This chapter shows you how to configure system related settings such as system time password name the domain name and the inactivity timeout interval What You Can Do in this Chapter The General screen l
163. key expires when the wireless connection times out disconnects or reauthentication times out A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed If this feature is enabled it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the wireless security configuration screen You may still configure and store keys but they will not be used while dynamic WEP is enabled Note EAP MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange For added security certificate based authentications EAP TLS EAP TTLS and PEAP use dynamic keys for data encryption They are often deployed in corporate environments but for public deployment a simple user name and password pair is more practical The following table is a comparison of the features of authentication types Table 72 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types EAP MD5 EAP TLS EAP TTLS PEAP LEAP Mutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes Yes Certificate Client No Yes Optional Optional No Certificate Server No Yes Yes Yes No Dynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes Yes Credential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong Moderate Deployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate Moderate Client Identity No No Yes Yes No Protection WPA and WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a subset of the IEEE 802 11i standard WPA2 IEEE 802 11i is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption authentication and key management than WP
164. l WPA 2 PSK Application Example A WPA 2 PSK application looks as follows 1 First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients The Pre Shared Key PSK must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters including spaces and symbols 2 The AP checks each wireless client s password and allows it to join the network only if the password matches 3 The AP and wireless clients generate a common PMK Pairwise Master Key The key itself is not sent over the network but is derived from the PSK and the SSID P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs 4 The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process the PMK and information exchanged in a handshake to create temporal encryption keys They use these keys to encrypt data exchanged between them Figure 161 WPA 2 PSK Authentication Ss a Sc DO VEN p 2 wo Nete Security Parameters Summary Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each authentication method or key management protocol type MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features Table 73 Wireless Security Relational Matrix AUTHENTICATION METHOD KEY ENCRYPTIO ENTER IEEE 802 1X MANAGEMENT N METHOD MANUAL KEY PROTOCOL Open None No Disable Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Open WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP K
165. l click the Network and I nternet icon Figure 108 Windows Vista Control Panel m e Control Panel Home E System and Maintenance SESSEL Get started with Windows a Back up your computer r Security Ay Check for updates e Allow a program through Windows Firewall etwork and Internet Lonnect to the Internet View network status and tasks L Set up file sharing GOo Control Panel bal neal p File Edit View Tools Help User Accounts Change account type Appearance and Personalization Change desktop background Change the color scheme Adjust screen resolution Clock Language and Region Change keyboards or other input methods Change display language 3 Click the Network and Sharing Center icon Figure 109 Windows Vista Network And Internet e File Edit View Tools Help System and Maintenance Security Network and Internet P Internet Options Hardware and Sound Connecttotheinternet Change your homepage Programs Delete browsing history and cookies Control Panel Home A E MA Network and Sharing Center x ERE ad mnect to a network gt Ses O gt Control Panel Network and Internet p v Search 5 View network computers and devices Add a device to the network Set up file sharing Manage browser add ons P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 4 Click Manage network connections
166. l com tw P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 3 About This User s Guide Customer Support In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual you should contact your vendor If you cannot contact your vendor then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you bought the device See http www zyxel com web contact us php for contact information Please have the following information ready when you contact an office Product model and serial number Warranty Information Date that you received your device Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it 4 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Document Conventions Document Conventions Warnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User s Guide Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device Note Notes tell you other important information for example other things you may need to configure or helpful tips or recommendations Syntax Conventions The P 870HW 51a v2 may be referred to as the ZyXEL Device the device the system or the product in this User s Guide Product labels screen names field labels and field choices are all in bold font A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text for example ENTER means the enter or return key on your keyboard Enter means for you to type one or more characters and then
167. lation method required by your ISP The ZyXEL Device can work in bridge mode or routing mode When the ZyXEL Device is in routing mode it supports the following methods ENET ENCAP The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol ENET ENCAP is only implemented with the IP network protocol IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment For instance it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells PPP over Ethernet Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoE provides access control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial up services using PPP PPPoE is an IETF standard RFC 2516 specifying how a personal computer PC interacts with a broadband modem DSL cable wireless etc connection For the service provider PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems for example RADIUS One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services a function known as dynamic service selection This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for individuals Operationally PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device rather than individual com
168. ld above Internal Start Port Enter the port number here to which you want the ZyXEL Device to translate the incoming port For a range of ports enter the first number of the range to which you want the incoming ports translated Internal End Enter the last port of the translated port range Port Server IP Enter the inside IP address of the virtual server here Address Protocol Select the protocol supported by this virtual server Choices are TCP UDP or TCP UDP Back Click Back to return to the previous screen Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh 8 4 The DMZ Host Screen In addition to the servers for specified services NAT supports a default server IP address A default server receives packets from ports that are not specified in the NAT Port Forwarding Setup screen Figure 56 NAT DMZ Host DM2 Host q Note Default Server Enter IP address and click Apply to activate the DMZ host Clear the IP address field and click Apply to deactivate the DMZ host 0 0 0 0 Save P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 30 NAT DMZ Host LABEL DESCRIPTION Default Server Enter the IP address of the default server which receives packets from ports that are not specified in the
169. lticast Traditionally IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways Unicast 1 sender 1 recipient or Broadcast 1 sender everybody on the network Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network not everybody and not just 1 IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol is a network layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group it is not used to carry user data IGMP version 2 RFC 2236 is an improvement over version 1 RFC 1112 but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1 please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236 The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 The address 224 0 0 0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers The address 224 0 0 1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts including gateways All hosts must join the 224 0 0 1 group in order to participate in IGMP The address 224 0 0 2 is assigned to the multicast routers group The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 IGMP v1 and IGMP version 2 I GMP v2 At start up the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership After that the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information IP multicasting can be enabled disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and or WA
170. mber pick an IP address for your ZyXEL Device that is easy to remember for instance 192 168 1 1 but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address Your ZyXEL Device will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting address that you entered You don t need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise Private IP Addresses Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address If your networks are isolated from the Internet running only between two branch offices for example you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks e 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 e 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 You can obtain your IP address from the IANA from an ISP or it can be assigned from a private network If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks On the other hand if you are part of a much larger organization you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses Regardless of your part
171. mber and priority configured for this WAN connection when VLAN multiplexing is enabled Otherwise it shows disable This field indicates the encapsulation method of the Internet connection Modify The first ISP connection is read only in this screen Use the WAN Internet Connection screen to edit it Click the edit icon to edit the Internet connection settings Click this icon on an empty configuration to add a new Internet access setup Click the remove icon to delete the Internet access setup from your connection list Add Click this to add a new connection P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 5 5 1 More Connections Edit Click the edit icon or Add button in the More Connections screen to configure a connection Figure 30 WAN gt More Connections Edit General Active Name Mode User Name Password Service Name Retry Interval IP Address Static IP Address IP Address Connection Max Idle Time NAT C Active NAT Symmetric Fullcone J Retry when the authentication fails PPPoE v 9 Obtain an IP Address Automatically Nailed Up Connection Connect on Demand Mins es The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 12 WAN gt More Connections Edit LABEL DESCRIPTION General Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this connection Name Spec
172. ment Protocol used to join multicast groups see RFC 2236 Time and Date Get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your ZyXEL Device You can also set the time manually These dates and times are then used in logs Logs Use logs for troubleshooting You can send logs from the ZyXEL Device to an external syslog server Universal Plug and Play UPnP A UPnP enabled device can dynamically join a network obtain an IP address and convey its capabilities to other devices on the network QoS Quality of Service You can efficiently manage traffic on your network by reserving bandwidth and giving priority to certain types of traffic and or to particular computers Remote Management This allows you to decide whether a service HTTP or FTP traffic for example from a computer on a network LAN or WAN for example can access the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 19 Product Specifications Table 56 Firmware Specifications continued PPPoE Support RFC2516 PPPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet emulates a dial up connection It allows your ISP to use their existing network configuration with newer broadband technologies such as ADSL The PPPoE driver on your device is transparent to the computers on the LAN which see only Ethernet and are not aware of PPPoE thus saving you from having to manage PPPoE clients on individual computers
173. metric NAT the mapping of an outgoing packet s source address to a source address in another network is different for each different destination IP address and port In the following example the ZyXEL Device maps the source address IP address 1 and port A to IP address 2 and port B on the external network for packets sent to IP address 3 and port C The ZyXEL Device uses a different mapping IP address 2 and port M for packets sent to IP address 4 and port D A host on the external network IP address 3 and port C for example can only send packets to the internal host via the external IP address and port that the NAT router used in sending a packet to the external host s IP address and port So in P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup the example only 3 C is allowed to send packets to 2 B and only 4 D is allowed to send packets to 2 M Figure 33 Symmetric NAT 1 A E lt Ee bo AE Ill A Virtual Local Area Network VLAN allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks Devices on a logical network belong to one group A device can belong to more than one group With VLAN a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same group s the traffic must first go through a router Introduction to VLANs In Multi Tenant Unit MTU applications VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the subscribers When properly configured VL
174. mputer and the ZyXEL Device Auto discover Your UPnP enabled Network Device 1 Click Start and Control Panel Double click Network Connections An icon displays under Internet Gateway P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 155 Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 2 Right click the icon and select Properties Figure 79 Network Connections Network Connections Edit View Favorites Tools Advanced Help File Back 7 d P Search Folders Gi e Network Connections EE Internet Gateway Network Tasks Create anew connection Set up a home or small office network Disable this network device m Rename this connection view status of this connection Change settings of this connection Disable Status Create Shortcut Delete aa m Rename Properties P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 3 Inthe Internet Connection Properties window click Settings to see the port mappings there were automatically created Figure 80 Internet Connection Properties E Internet Connection Properties General Connect to the Internet using amp J Intenet Connection This connection allows you to connect to the Internet through a shared connection on another computer Settings v Show icon in notification area when connected P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 15
175. n ARIEN E BES ER ER ZF BRIERE SE PILI WD EWI aes 2TH EH Notices Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This device has been designed for the WLAN 2 4 GHz network throughout the EC region and Switzerland with restrictions in France This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian I CES 003 Cet appareil num rique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB 003 du Canada Viewing Certifications 1 Goto http www zyxel com 2 Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product s page 3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user purchaser that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase During the warranty period and upon proof of purchase should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and or materials ZyXEL will at its discretion repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition Any replacement will consist of a new or re manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher
176. n WAN 1 Information System Status Host Name 1234 System Uptime 0 0 34 Model Number P 870HW 51a V2 Current Date Time 1 Jan 2000 00 37 34 MAC Address 00 19 cb d1 79 04 System Mode Routing Bridging ZyNOS Firmware Version 1 00 AWZ 0 b4 CPU Usage isaac 2 DSL Firmware Version AvCO10a d21i3 Memory Usage _ 80 Mode ENET ENCAP IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 3 n Er RN EUN Lo mate Todar ENET ENCAP Interface Status Rate if IP Address 0 0 0 0 DSL NoSignal kbps kbps IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 LAN Information Cang op Sabor IP Address 192 168 1 1 LAN 1 Disabled 100M Full IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 ere il DHCP Sawer LAN 2 Disable 100M Fu WLAN Information LAN 3 Disabled 100M Full ESSID ZyXEL Channel 6 LS UB Sam WPS Status Configured More Status WAN Service Statistics Route Info WLAN Station List LAN Statistics Client List Each field is described in the following table Table 3 Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION Refresh Interval Enter how often you want the ZyXEL Device to update this screen Apply Click this to update this screen immediately P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 4 Status Screens Table 3 Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION Device Information Host Name _ This field displays the ZyXEL Device system name It is used for identification Click this to go to the screen
177. n temperature 187 P Packet Transfer Mode 52 Pairwise Master Key PMK 257 259 Per Hop Behavior see PHB 139 Permanent Virtual Circuits 189 PHB 139 Point to Point Tunneling Protocol 112 POP3 112 117 118 ports 21 power adaptor 191 power specifications 187 PPP Point to Point Protocol Link Layer Protocol 190 PPP over ATM AAL5 189 PPP over Ethernet 189 PPPoE 64 Benefits 64 PPPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet 189 PPTP 112 preamble mode 251 product registration 270 PSK 257 PTM 52 PVCs 189 Q QoS 129 138 marking 130 setup 129 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 273 Index 274 tagging 130 versus CoS 130 Quality of Service see QoS Quick Start Guide 35 R RADIUS 191 253 message types 253 messages 253 shared secret key 254 Reach Extended ADSL 189 registration product 270 related documentation 3 remote management TR 069 143 Remote Procedure Calls see RPCs 143 resetting your device 22 restore 177 RFC 1483 189 RFC 1631 107 RFC 2131 See DHCP RFC 2132 See DHCP RFC 2364 189 RFC 2516 189 RFC 2684 189 RIP 70 Routing Information Protocol see RIP route status 44 router features 20 routing information 43 RPPCs 143 RTS Request To Send 250 threshold 249 250 S safety warnings 7 seamless rate adaptation 189 service access control 145 Service Set 83 Services 112 SMTP 112 SNMP 112 190 SNMP trap 112 SRA 189 static route 125 sta
178. name so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established If this is the case it is recommended that you select a network number from 192 168 0 0 to 192 168 255 0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation NAT feature of the ZyXEL Device The Internet Assigned Number Authority IANA reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise Let s say you select 192 168 1 0 as the network number which covers 254 individual addresses from 192 168 1 1 to 192 168 1 254 zero and 255 are reserved In other words the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network Once you have decided on the network number pick an IP address that is easy to remember for instance 192 168 1 1 for your ZyXEL Device but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address Your ZyXEL Dev
179. ng the ZyXEL Device 1 7 The WPS WLAN Button You can use the WPS WLAN ON OFF button O on the top of the device to turn the wireless LAN off or on You can also use it to activate WPS in order to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security 1 7 1 Turn the Wireless LAN Off or On 1 Make sure the POWER LED is on not blinking 2 Press the WPS WLAN ON OFF button for one second and release it The WLAN WPS LED should change from on to off or vice versa 1 7 2 Activate WPS 1 Make sure the POWER LED is on not blinking 2 Press the WPS WLAN ON OFF button for more than five seconds and release it Press the WPS button on another WPS enabled device within range of the ZyXEL Device The WLAN WPS LED should flash while the ZyXEL Device sets up a WPS connection with the wireless device Note You must activate WPS in the ZyXEL Device and in another wireless device within two minutes of each other See Section 7 9 4 on page 98 for more information P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 23 Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Tutorials This chapter describes how to set up a wireless network 2 1 How to Set up a Wireless Network This tutorial gives you examples of how to set up an access point and wireless client for wireless communication using the following parameters The wireless clients can access the Internet through an AP wirelessly 2 1 1 Example Parameters S
180. nit Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device Please contact your vendor for further information Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage for example 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution f the power adaptor or cord is damaged remove it from the device and the power source Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord Contact your local vendor to order a new one Do not use the device outside and make sure all the connections are indoors There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots as insufficient airflow may harm your device Use only No 26 AWG American Wire Gauge or larger telecommunication line cord Antenna Warning This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements
181. nternet WAN the router s LAN and WAN addresses must be on different subnets In the following example the LAN and WAN are on the same subnet The LAN computers cannot access the Internet because the router cannot route between networks 0m um um Nm Em Nm Um um um Figure 154 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example LAN i WAN E uu NS i 192 168 1 88 T s r Internet Seem eee ee Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP address In the following example the computer and the router s LAN port both use 192 168 1 1 as the IP address P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting The computer cannot access the Internet This problem can be solved by assigning a different IP address to the computer or the router s LAN port Figure 155 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example 20mm um um um um Um Um mo mo a 1192 168 1 1 1 PT i 1 SN E a x Im b VM n E i a 192 168 1 1 Internet i 7 Same e eee ee P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Wireless LANs Wireless LAN Topologies This section discusses ad hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies Ad hoc Wireless LAN Configuration The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent Ad hoc WLAN that connects a set of computers with wireless adapters A B C Any time two or more wireless adapters are within range of each
182. o have the ZyXEL Device send data to devices not reachable through the default gateway use static routes For example the next figure shows a computer A connected to the ZyXEL Device s LAN interface The ZyXEL Device routes most traffic from A to the Internet through the ZyXEL Device s default gateway R1 You create one static route to connect to services offered by your ISP behind router R2 You create another static route to communicate with a separate network behind a router R3 connected to the LAN Figure 60 Example of Static Routing Topology A R1 y Internet g5 J NI LAN eS R3 Gr S EN mm db l lt gt x l RON b l EM b mij SS 0 LOURS l pte T c a a 10 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The Static Route screens let you view and configure IP static routes on the ZyXEL P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Device Section 10 2 on page 126 Chapter 10 Static Route 10 2 The Static Route Screen Click Advanced gt Static Route to open the Static Route screen Figure 61 Advanced gt Static Route IP Static Route Static Route Rules active Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Remove 1 Tu 10 1 2 3 255 255 255 255 ppp 1 Add Apply The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 35 Advanced gt Static Route LABEL DESCRIPTION Active This is the number of an individual static
183. oach makes WPA 2 PSK susceptible to brute force password guessing attacks but it s still an improvement over WEP as it employs a consistent single alphanumeric password to derive a PMK which is used to generate unique temporal encryption P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 257 Appendix D Wireless LANs keys This prevent all wireless devices sharing the same encryption keys a weakness of WEP User Authentication WPA and WPA2 apply IEEE 802 1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database WPA2 reduces the number of key exchange messages from six to four CCMP 4 way handshake and shortens the time required to connect to a network Other WPA2 authentication features that are different from WPA include key caching and pre authentication These two features are optional and may not be supported in all wireless devices Key caching allows a wireless client to store the PMK it derived through a successful authentication with an AP The wireless client uses the PMK when it tries to connect to the same AP and does not need to go with the authentication process again Pre authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client already connecting to an AP to perform IEEE 802 1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it Wireless Client WPA Supplicants A wireless client supplicant is the software that runs on an operating system instructing the wir
184. ode Choose WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK from the drop down list box Active Compatible This field is only available for WPA2 PSK Select this if you want the ZyXEL Device to support WPA PSK and WPA2 PSK simultaneously Pre Shared Key The encryption mechanisms used for WPA 2 and WPA 2 PSK are the same The only difference between the two is that WPA 2 PSK uses a simple common password instead of user specific credentials Type a pre shared key from 8 to 63 case sensitive ASCII characters including spaces and symbols WPA Group Key Update Timer The WPA Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP if using WPA 2 PSK key management or RADIUS server if using WPAWPA 2 key management sends a new group key out to all clients The re keying process is the WPA 2 equivalent of automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a WLAN on a periodic basis Setting of the WPA Group Key Update Timer is also supported in WPA 2 PSK mode The ZyXEL Device default is 1800 seconds 30 minutes WPA Encryption Select the encryption type TKIP or AES for data encryption P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 4 4 WPA 2 Authentication Use this screen to configure and enable WPA or WPA2 authentication click the Wireless LAN link under Network to display the General screen Select WPA or WPA2 from the Security Mode list Figure 43 Wireless LAN General W
185. oint to point connec This network interface is not c ai Ed close P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 5 The Properties dialog box opens Figure 129 Ubuntu 8 Network Settings Properties P T 3 t etho Properties x Connection Settings Configuration lt IP address Subnet mask Gateway address Q cancel n the Configuration list select Automatic Configuration DHCP if you have a dynamic IP address n the Configuration list select Static IP address if you have a static IP address Fill in the IP address Subnet mask and Gateway address fields 6 Click OK to save the changes and close the Properties dialog box and return to the Network Settings screen P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 215 Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 7 Ifyou know your DNS server IP address es click the DNS tab in the Network Settings window and then enter the DNS server information in the fields provided Figure 130 Ubuntu 8 Network Settings gt DNS cz cdi Location P amp E Connections General DNS Hosts DNS Servers i Delete Search Domains cls Add ig Delete Help EJ Close 8 Click the Close button to apply the changes Verifying Settings Check your TCP IP properties by clicking System
186. omatically search for free IP and then assign it statically select Zeroconf To use 8 Network Card Setup General Address onfiguration Name Ethernet v D Dynamic Address IP Address D No IP Address for Bonding Devices Statically assigned IP Address DHCP Subnet Mask Hostname Cancel 6 Select Dynamic Address DHCP if you have a dynamic IP address Select Statically assigned IP Address if you have a static IP address Fill in the I P address Subnet mask and Hostname fields 7 Click Next to save the changes and close the Network Card Setup window P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 8 If you know your DNS server IP address es click the Hostname DNS tab in Network Settings and then enter the DNS server information in the fields provided YaST 2 linux h20z Figure 137 openSUSE 10 3 Network Settings Enter the name for this computer and the DNS domain that it belongs to Optionally enter the name server list and domain search list Note that the hostname is global it applies to all a Network Settings Global Options Overview Hostname DNS Routing al Hostname and Domain Name Hostname Domain Name linux h2oz site Change Hostname via DHCP _ Write Hostname to etc hosts interfaces not just this one T
187. ome applications P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 18 Troubleshooting P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Product Specifications The following tables summarize the ZyXEL Device s hardware and firmware features 19 1 Hardware Specifications Table 55 Hardware Specifications Dimensions 220 W x 150 D x 40 H mm Weight 485 g Power Specification 18VDC 1A Built in Switch Four auto negotiating auto MDI MDI X 10 100 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet ports RESET Button Restores factory defaults Antenna One attached external dipole antenna 3dBi WPS Button 1 second turn on or off WLAN 5 seconds enable WPS Wi Fi Protected Setup Operation 09 C 409 C Temperature Storage Temperature 209 609 C Operation Humidity 2096 8596 RH Storage Humidity 2096 9096 RH 19 2 Firmware Specifications Table 56 Firmware Specifications Default IP Address 192 168 1 1 Default Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 24 bits Default Password 1234 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 19 Product Specifications 188 Table 56 Firmware Specifications continued DHCP Server IP Pool 192 168 1 33 to 192 168 1 254 Static DHCP 10 Addresses Static Routes 16 Device Management Use the web configurator to easily configure the rich range of features on the ZyXEL Device Wireless Functionality wireless devices only Allow the IEEE 802 11
188. on Every device in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network It can also protect the information that is sent in the wireless network P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 9 2 Additional Wireless Terms The following table describes some wireless network terms and acronyms used in the ZyXEL Device s Web Configurator Table 26 Additional Wireless Terms TERM DESCRIPTION RTS CTS Threshold In a wireless network which covers a large area wireless devices are sometimes not aware of each other s presence This may cause them to send information to the AP at the same time and result in information colliding and not getting through By setting this value lower than the default value the wireless devices must sometimes get permission to send information to the ZyXEL Device The lower the value the more often the devices must get permission If this value is greater than the fragmentation threshold value see below then wireless devices never have to get permission to send information to the ZyXEL Device Preamble A preamble affects the timing in your wireless network There are two preamble modes long and short If a device uses a different preamble mode than the ZyXEL Device does it cannot communicate with the ZyXEL Device Authentication The process of verifying whether a wireless d
189. on field in a packet Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending data All IEEE 802 11 compliant wireless adapters support long preamble but not all support short preamble Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode other wireless devices on the network support and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks Use short preamble if you are sure all wireless devices on the network support it and to provide more efficient communications Use the dynamic setting to automatically use short preamble when all wireless devices on the network support it otherwise the ZyXEL Device uses long preamble Note The wireless devices MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate IEEE 802 119 Wireless LAN IEEE 802 11 is fully compatible with the IEEE 802 11b standard This means an IEEE 802 11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802 11g access point and vice versa at 11 Mbps or lower depending on range IEEE 802 11g has P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 251 Appendix D Wireless LANs several intermediate rate steps between the maximum and minimum data rates The IEEE 802 11g data rate and modulation are as follows Table 70 IEEE 802 11g MBPS MODULATION 1 DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed 2 DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 5 5 11 CCK Complementary Code Keying 6 9 12 18 24 3
190. on panel C main window D status bar 3 2 1 Navigation Panel Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure ZyXEL Device features The following tables describe each menu item Table 2 Navigation Panel Summary LINK TAB FUNCTION Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device s general device and network status information Use this screen to access the statistics and client list Network WAN Internet Use this screen to configure ISP parameters WAN IP address Connection assignment DNS servers and other advanced properties More Use this screen to configure additional WAN connections Connections LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP IP DHCP settings Client List Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to always assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC addresses and host names IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets Wireless LAN General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN authentication security settings WPS Use this screen to enable WPS Wi Fi Protected Setup and view the WPS status WPS Station Use this screen to use WPS to set up your wireless network MAC Filter Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device to give exclusive access to specific wireless clients or exclude specific wireless clients from accessing the ZyXEL Device Advanced Use this scre
191. ost networks unless you have an unusual network topology This field is available only when you select ENET ENCAP Select the RIP version from RI Pv1 RI Pv2 and RIPv1v2 RIP Operation This field is available only when you select ENET ENCAP Select Active to enable RIP Otherwise select Disable IGMP Multicast Multicast packets are sent to a group of computers on the LAN and are an alternative to unicast packets packets sent to one computer and broadcast packets packets sent to every computer IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol is a network layer protocol used to establish membership in a multicast group The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 and version 2 Select Enable to turn on IGMP Otherwise select Disable P 870HW 51a v2 Users Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 13 WAN gt More Connections Edit Advanced Setup continued LABEL DESCRIPTION PPPoE This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation Passthrough PPPoE In addition to the ZyXEL Device s built in PPPoE client you can enable encapsulati PPPoE pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE on only client software on their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not ne
192. pe from the drop down list menu Choices are Long or Short The default setting is Long See the appendix for more information This field displays Short and is not configurable when you set 54g Mode to 54g Performance Apply Click this to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Reset Click this to reload the previous configuration for this screen 7 9 Technical Reference This section discusses wireless LANs in depth For more information see the appendix P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 9 1 Wireless Network Overview The following figure provides an example of a wireless network Figure 48 s of a Wireless Network i PASE EE am E n Pig m 4 e AP e 4 C j l l m i WM N C e B _ E i The wireless network is the part in the blue circle In this wireless network devices A and B use the access point AP to interact with the other devices such as the printer or with the Internet Your ZyXEL Device is the AP Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines Every device in the same wireless network must use the same SSID The SSID is the name of the wireless network It stands for Service Set Dentity f two wireless networks overlap they should use a different channel Like radio stations or television channels each wireless network uses a specific channel or frequency to send and receive informati
193. ped when the network is congested This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time critical application such as video on demand Configure QoS on the ZyXEL Device to group and prioritize application traffic and fine tune network performance Setting up QoS involves these steps Configure classifiers to sort traffic into different flows Assign priority and define actions to be performed for a classified traffic flow The ZyXEL Device assigns each packet a priority and then queues the packet accordingly Packets assigned a high priority are processed more quickly than those with low priority if there is congestion allowing time sensitive applications to flow more smoothly Time sensitive applications include both those that require a low level of latency delay and a low level of jitter variations in delay such as Voice over IP Vol P or Internet gaming and those for which jitter alone is a problem such as Internet radio or streaming video This chapter contains information about configuring QoS and editing classifiers 11 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter The General screen lets you lets you enable or disable QoS and set the default DSCP value for incoming traffic does not match a class Section 11 3 on page 130 The Queue Setup screen lets you lets you configure QoS queue assignment Section 11 4 on page 131 The Class Setup screen lets you add edit or delete QoS classifiers S
194. press the ENTER key Select or choose means for you to use one of the predefined choices A right angle bracket gt within a screen name denotes a mouse click For example Maintenance gt Log gt Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen Units of measurement may denote the metric value or the scientific value For example k for kilo may denote 1000 or 1024 M for mega may denote 1000000 or 1048576 and so on e e g is a shorthand for for instance and i e means that is or in other words P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 5 Document Conventions Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User s Guide may use the following generic icons The ZyXEL Device icon is not an exact representation of your device ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer Telephone Switch Router 6 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Safety Warnings Safety Warnings Do NOT use this product near water for example in a wet basement or near a swimming pool Do NOT expose your device to dampness dust or corrosive liquids Do NOT store things on the device Do NOT install use or service this device during a thunderstorm There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device Do NOT open the device or u
195. puter That way if you later misconfigure the device you can upload the backed up configuration file to return to your previous settings You can alternately upload the factory default configuration file if you want to return the device to the original default settings The firmware determines the device s available features and functionality You can download new firmware releases from your nearest ZyXEL FTP site or www zyxel com to use to upgrade your device s performance Only use firmware for your device s specific model Refer to the label on the bottom of your ZyXEL Device What You Can Do in this Chapter The Firmware Upgrade screen lets you upload firmware to your device Section 17 2 on page 174 The Configuration screen lets you backup and restore device configurations Section 17 3 on page 176 You can also reset your device settings back to the factory default The Restart screen lets you restart your ZyXEL Device Section 17 4 on page 178 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 173 Chapter 17 Tools 17 2 The Firmware Upgrade Screen Click Maintenance gt Tools to open the Firmware screen Follow the instructions in this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device The upload process uses HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol and may take up to two minutes After a successful upload the system will reboot Do NOT turn off the ZyXEL Device while firmware upload is in progress Figure 92 Maintenance gt
196. puters the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed since the ZyXEL Device does that part of the task Furthermore with NAT all of the LANs computers will have access IP Address Assignment A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you A dynamic IP is not fixed the ISP assigns you a different one each time The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have either a dynamic or static IP However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices for IP address and default gateway P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Full Cone NAT In full cone NAT the NAT router maps all outgoing packets from an internal IP address and port to a single IP address and port on the external network The NAT router also maps packets coming to that external IP address and port to the internal IP address and port In the following example the ZyXEL Device maps the source address of all packets sent from the internal IP address 1 and port A to IP address 2 and port B on the external network The ZyXEL Device also performs NAT on all incoming packets sent to IP address 2 and port B and forwards them to IP address 1 port A Figure 32 Full Cone NAT Example l pet E IM SEES RON In Symmetric NAT The full restricted and port restricted cone NAT types use the same mapping for an outgoing packet s source address regardless of the destination IP address and port In sym
197. r Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address in the KDE Click K Menu gt Computer gt Administrator Settings YaST Figure 132 openSUSE 10 3 K Menu gt Computer Menu a Administrator Settings T wi Install Software a System Information Home Folder B 2 My Documents rv Network Folders Eavorites Applications Computer History Leave User zyxel on linux h20z openSUSE P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 2 When the Run as Root KDE su dialog opens enter the admin password and click OK Figure 133 openSUSE 10 3 K Menu gt Computer Menu Run as root KDE su T Please enter the Administrator root Y password to continue 1 d Command sbin yast2 Password 3 When the YaST Control Center window opens select Network Devices and then click the Network Card icon Figure 134 openSUSE 10 3 YaST Control Center YaST Control Center linux h20z File Edit Help Software 3 Hardware E System lu Network Devices X dal Network Services 49 Novell AppArmor Security and Users Miscellaneous S earch P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 4 When the Network Settings window opens click the Overview tab select the appropriate connection Name from the list and then click the Configure button Figure 135 openSUSE 10 3 Network Set
198. r apart Problems with interference occur when other radio waves interrupt the data signal Interference may come from other radio transmissions such as military or air traffic control communications or from machines that are coincidental emitters such as electric motors or microwaves Problems with absorption occur when physical objects such as thick walls are between the two radios muffling the signal 7 3 Before You Begin Before you start using these screens ask yourself the following questions See Section 7 2 on page 80 if some of the terms used here do not make sense to you e What wireless standards do the other wireless devices support IEEE 802 119 for example What is the most appropriate standard to use What security options do the other wireless devices support WPA PSK for example What is the best one to use Do the other wireless devices support WPS Wi Fi Protected Setup If so you can set up a well secured network very easily Even if some of your devices support WPS and some do not you can use WPS to set up your network and then add the non WPS devices manually although this is somewhat more complicated to do What advanced options do you want to configure if any If you want to configure advanced options ensure that you know precisely what you want to do If you do not want to configure advanced options leave them alone 7 4 The General Screen Note If you are configuring the ZyXEL Device from
199. reen Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s MAC filter settings Click Network gt Wireless LAN gt MAC Filter The following screen displays Figure 46 Wireless LAN gt MAC Filter MAC Address Filter Active MAC Filter MAC Restrict Mode C Allow Deny MAC Address Add Entries o se Pac Address TT O Remove s 00 A0 C5 01 23 45 Apply Remove The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 24 Wireless LAN gt MAC Filter LABEL DESCRIPTION Active MAC Select the check box to enable MAC address filtering Filter MAC Restrict Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the table below Mode Select Allow to permit access to the ZyXEL Device MAC addresses not listed will be denied access to the ZyXEL Device Select Deny to block access to the ZyXEL Device MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the ZyXEL Device MAC Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless devices that are allowed or denied Address access to the ZyXEL Device in these address fields Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format that is six hexadecimal character pairs for example 12 34 56 78 9a bc Add Entries Click this to save and insert the entry to the table below Set This is the index number of the MAC address MAC This is the MAC addresses of the wireless devices that are allowed or denied Address access to the ZyXEL Device Remove
200. reless security settings have been changed The current wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the screen This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there is no wireless or wireless security changes on the ZyXEL Device or you click Release Configuration to remove the configured wireless and wireless security settings Release Co This button is available when the WPS status is Configured nfiguration Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS connections on the ZyXEL Device Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Refresh Click Refresh to reload the previous configuration for this screen P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN 7 6 The WPS Station Screen Use this screen to set up a WPS wireless network using either Push Button Configuration PBC or PIN Configuration Click Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS Station The following screen displays Figure 45 Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS Station Add Station by WPS Click the below Push Button to add WPS stations to wireless network Push Button Or input station s PIN number Start q Note 1 The Push Button Configuration requires pressing a button on both the station and AP within 120 seconds 2 You may find the PIN number in the station s utility 3 This feature is available only when WPA PSK WPA2 PSK or OPEN mode is configured The follo
201. route This field indicates whether the rule is active or not Clear the check box to disable the rule Select the check box to enable it Destination This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination Routing is always based on network number Netmask This parameter specifies the IP network subnet mask of the final destination Gateway This is the IP address of the gateway The gateway is a router or switch on the same network segment as the device s LAN or WAN port The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations Interface This is the WAN interface through which the traffic is routed Remove Click the icon to remove a static route from the ZyXEL Device A window displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the route Add Click this to create a new rule Apply Click this to apply your changes to the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 10 Static Route 10 2 1 Static Route Edit Click the Add button in the Static Route screen Use this screen to configure the required information for a static route Figure 62 Static Route Add Use Interface IP Static Route Static Route Setup Destination IP Address IP Subnet Mask Use Gateway IP Address ooo ooo INTERNET ppp0 1 v 0 0 0 Back Apply Cancel The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 36 Static Route
202. rs Check your settings and click Save to continue Figure 9 ZyXEL Utility Confirm Save gt Network Name SSID SSID_Example3 gt Network Type Infrastructure gt Network Mode 802 11b g gt Channel Auto gt Security WPA PSK Back Save Exit P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 2 Tutorials 5 The ZyXEL utility returns to the Link Info screen while it connects to the wireless network using your settings When the wireless link is established the ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays details of the active connection Check the network information in the Link Info screen to verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network If the wireless client is not connected to a network the fields in this screen remain blank Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility Link Info ireless Network Status Statistics gt Profile Name Transmit Rate 2 Kbps gt Network Name SSID SSID_Example3 Receive Rate 0 Kbps gt AP MAC Address 00 A0 C5 CD 1F 64 Authentication Mone gt Network Type Infrastructure Network Mode 802 11g gt Transmission Rate 18 Mbps Total Transmit 46 gt Security WPA PSK Total Receive 3 gt Channel 6 Link Quality 68 dBm Trend Chart Signal Strength Seeeeneo oe Link Quality 999090909700 6 Open your Internet browser and enter http www zyxel com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar If you are able to access
203. rt numbers You can allocate a server IP address that corresponds to a port or a range of ports Note Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server processes such as a Web or FTP server from your location Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location If you are unsure refer to your ISP To access this screen click Network gt NAT The following screen appears Figure 54 NAT Port Forwarding Port Forwarding Port Forwarding Service Name WAN Interface Server IP Address External port Internal port Protocol Ny v INTERNETptmo 1 v 41824681 Start80 end 80 start 80 End 80 TCP v oben a barlara Diran Deeps Dera pwr Name terface Start End dre RealAudio ptm 1 6790 32000 6790 32000 192 168 1 100 g f P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 28 NAT Port Forwarding LABEL DESCRIPTION Service Name Select a pre defined service from the drop down list box The pre defined service port number s and protocol will display in the External port Internal port and Protocol fields Otherwise select User Define to open the Rule Setup screen where you can manually enter the port number s and select the IP protocol WAN Interface Select the WAN interface through which the service is forwarde
204. s 1 From Internet Explorer click Tools I nternet Options and then the Security tab 2 Click the Custom Level button 3 Scroll down to Microsoft VM 4 UnderJava permissions make sure that a safety level is selected P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 5 Click OK to close the window Figure 146 Security Settings Java Security Settings Settings Q Disable 9 Enable 3 Font download Disable 9 Enable p Prompt 3 Microsoft VM 3 Java permissions custom Qora Jav 9 High safety Q Low safety m Reset custom settings j Reset to Medium Reset TN JAVA Sun 1 From Internet Explorer click Tools Internet Options and then the Advanced tab 2 Make sure that Use Java 2 for applet under Java Sun is selected P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 231 Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 3 Click OK to close the window Figure 147 Java Sun General Security Privacy Content Connections Programs Advanced Settings O Use inline AutoComplete O Use Passive FTP for firewall and DSL modem compatibility Use smooth scrolling HTTP 1 1 settings v Use HTTP 1 1 CO Use HTTP 1 1 through proxy connections K Java d Use Java 2 v1 4 1_07 fr canoe equites esa Java 2 v1 4 1 07 for Use Java 2 v1 4 1_07 fr canoe equites esa requires restart 5 Microso m Ja
205. s Part V Maintenance Troubleshooting and Specifications 163 Chapter 15 System SOUT NERS iius nn EES SEYERTBNRA HAIR SELMA UU AR AAEE SII GLA NUSERM M M MARIS KAMIN MM RIA 165 UW s 0 ge 165 15 1 1 What You Can Do in this Chapter 5 2osseeecusesir bebe vi aene erp qon E Ree en ta p hE eiiiai 165 T5 L2 Xvhat vou Need to RION ii oeredas lobo EXE RE pEOGSEKER Pla 2599 Raddares tk managed nana Nu doan S 165 Tas TES HOOP ORBI accu Sa Duaci bonas dei add Es ken dde a ri duced xp Cus oun ER A A du rag Ra 166 19 3 The Time Setting STS sss sacecsencdeccrseerectnscecveidphisiesne eentinerdeandseniegecaiesneepieudiaadrandveRenaes 167 Chapter 16 LOOS 169 WE SOE AE AE I UN T O O ios 169 16 1 1 What You Gan Do in this Chapter sacceioicsccescnieaseiatesscarernciadagertanunsasebabesagsenranineesienees 169 155 Ihe vaw LOSORDE A eer rne d S 169 16 3 Ihe Log Settings SCEI accisnaicunavnqu beso esame Ko dd a isha daca da eI EN aS 170 Chapter 17 VON 173 Ue SOG cots EE 173 1723 3 What You Can Do in this Chapter sosisini tauri da Labeo e gon amd Ebrei kat eta 173 172 The Fiimware Upgrade OOFOBEI ouisseristsesuicutetpexiest etu Vil du bap UM oa pi RUE UE A US ADEM Sep 174 17 9 The Coniguraton Se BEL auae ido ipod a adt gud bep manet pea SPD UD UO EPA ago AR 176 UP I SE e NETTE LT 178 Chapter 18 Bst usipn m
206. s clients to obtain TCP IP configuration at start up from a server This ZyXEL Device has a built in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability RIP RIP Routing Information Protocol allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers Multicast and IGMP Traditionally IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways Unicast 1 sender 1 recipient or Broadcast 1 sender everybody on the network Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network not everybody and not just 1 IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol is a network layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group it is not used to carry user data There are two versions 1 and 2 IGMP version 2 is an improvement over version 1 but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use DNS DNS Domain Name System maps a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa The DNS server is extremely important because without it you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it The DNS server addresses you enter when you set up DHCP are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup 6 3 Before You Begin Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them to the DHCP Client List screen 6 4 The LAN IP Screen Click
207. section contains additional technical information about the ZyXEL Device features described in this chapter P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 137 Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS IEEE 802 1Q Tag The IEEE 802 1Q standard defines an explicit VLAN tag in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges A VLAN tag includes the 12 bit VLAN ID and 3 bit user priority The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that devices need to process the frame across the network IEEE 802 1p specifies the user priority field and defines up to eight separate traffic types The following table describes the traffic types defined in the IEEE 802 1d standard which incorporates the 802 1p Table 42 IEEE 802 1p Priority Level and Traffic Type PRIORITY LEVEL TRAFFIC TYPE Level 7 Typically used for network control traffic such as router configuration messages Level 6 Typically used for voice traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter jitter is the variations in delay Level 5 Typically used for video that consumes high bandwidth and is sensitive to jitter Level 4 Typically used for controlled load latency sensitive traffic such as SNA Systems Network Architecture transactions Level 3 Typically used for excellent effort or better than best effort and would include important business traffic that can tolerate some delay Level 2 This is for
208. sk and so on point the antenna up For omni directional antennas mounted on a wall or ceiling point the antenna down For a single AP application place omni directional antennas as close to the center of the coverage area as possible For directional antennas point the antenna in the direction of the desired coverage area P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Common Services The following table lists some commonly used services and their associated protocols and port numbers For a comprehensive list of port numbers ICMP type code numbers and services visit the IANA Internet Assigned Number Authority web site Name This is a short descriptive name for the service You can use this one or create a different one if you like Protocol This is the type of IP protocol used by the service If this is TCP UDP then the service uses the same port number with TCP and UDP If this is USER DEFI NED the Port s is the IP protocol number not the port number Port s This value depends on the Protocol Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers f the Protocol is TCP UDP or TCP UDP this is the IP port number f the Protocol is USER this is the IP protocol number Description This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service or the situations in which this service is used Table 74 Commonly Used Services NAME PROTOCOL PORT S DESCRIPTION
209. ss networking standards available with different methods of data encryption Wireless Network Construction Wireless networks consist of wireless clients access points and bridges A wireless client is a radio connected to a user s computer An access point is a radio with a wired connection to a network which can connect with numerous wireless clients and let them access the network A bridge is a radio that relays communications between access points and wireless clients extending a network s range Traditionally a wireless network operates in one of two ways An infrastructure type of network has one or more access points and one or more wireless clients The wireless clients connect to the access points An ad hoc type of network is one in which there is no access point Wireless clients connect to one another in order to exchange information Network Names Each network must have a name referred to as the SSID Service Set IDentifier The service set is the network so the service set identifier is the network s name This helps you identify your wireless network when wireless networks coverage areas overlap and you have a variety of networks to choose from P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Radio Channels In the radio spectrum there are certain frequency bands allocated for unlicensed civilian use For the purposes of wireless networking these bands are divided into num
210. stems you may see the following icon on your desktop Figure 94 Network Temporarily Disconnected Local Area Connection Network cable unplugged After two minutes log in again and check your new firmware version in the Status screen If the upload was not successful the following screen will appear Click Tools to go back to the Firmware screen Figure 95 Error Message P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 175 Chapter 17 Tools 17 3 The Configuration Screen 176 Click Maintenance gt Tools gt Configuration Information related to factory defaults backup configuration and restoring configuration appears in this screen as shown next Figure 96 Maintenance gt Tools gt Configuration Configuration Backup Configuration Click Backup to save the current configuration of your system to your computer Restore Configuration To restore a previously saved configuration file to your system browse to the location of the configuration file and click Upload File Path Back to Factory Defaults Click Reset to clear all user entered configuration information and return to factory defaults After resetting the Password will be 1234 LAN IP address will be 192 168 1 1 DHCP will be reset to server Backup Configuration Backup Configuration allows you to back up save the ZyXEL Device s current configuration to a file on your computer Once your ZyXEL Device is configured
211. system will not validate IP addresses for incoming packets The services are the system applications listed in the Service Control List Access Control Mode Disable Enable Remove 192 168 1 99 o Add Remove The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 46 IP Address LABEL DESCRIPTION Access Control Select Enable to activate the secured client list Select Disable to Mode disable the list without deleting it IP Address This is the IP address of the trusted computer from which you can manage the ZyXEL Device P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 13 Remote Management Table 46 IP Address continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Remove Select this check box and click the Remove button to delete this entry from the ZyXEL Device Add Click this button to create a new entry Remove Click this button to delete the selected entry 13 4 1 Adding an IP Address Click the Add button in the I P Address screen to open the following screen Figure 72 IP Address Add IPAddress IP Address Access Control IP Address Enter the IP address of the management station permitted to access the local management services and click Apply Save Apply Save Back The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 47 IP Address Add LABEL DESCRIPTION P Address Enter the IP address of the trusted comput
212. tab Figure 144 Internet Options Security AE General Security Privacy Content Connections Programs Advanced Select a Web content zone to specify its security settings 4 wa o Internet Local intranet Trusted sites Restricted sites f This zone contains all Web sites you BE haven t placed in other zones m Security level for this zone Move the slider to set the security level for this zone 5 Medium Safe browsing and still functional Prompts before downloading potentially unsafe content Unsigned ActiveX controls will not be downloaded Appropriate for most Internet sites C Custom Level Default Level OK Cancel Apply 2 Click the Custom Level button 3 Scroll down to Scripting 4 Under Active scripting make sure that Enable is selected the default 5 Under Scripting of Java applets make sure that Enable is selected the default P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 229 Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 6 Click OK to close the window Security Settings Settings 5 Scripting B Active scripting C prome 3 Allow paste operations via script O Disable 9 Enable O Prompt amp Scripting of Java applets Q Disable 9 Enable Prompt Llenar Alben tian Figure 145 Security Settings Java Scripting Reset custom settings Reset to Medium Reset cms Java Permission
213. th the auto configuration server WAN Interface Select a WAN interface through which the TR 069 traffic passes used by TR 069 client Connection Select this option to enable authentication when there is a connection Request request from the ACS Authentication Connection Enter the connection request user name Request User 2 Name When the ACS makes a connection request to the ZyXEL Device this user name is used to authenticate the ACS LU P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 13 Remote Management Table 44 TR 069 continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Connection Enter the connection request password Request i Password When the ACS makes a connection request to the ZyXEL Device this password is used to authenticate the ACS Connection This shows the connection request URL Request URL The ACS can use this URL to make a connection request to the ZyXEL Device Apply Save Click this button to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh 13 3 The Service Control Screen Click Advanced gt Remote MGMT gt Service Control to open the following screen Use this screen to decide what services you may use to access which ZyXEL Device interface Figure 70 Service Control ServiceControl Access Control Services Service Control Mode Disable 9 Enable Services LAN waN
214. that use personally identifiable CJ information without your implicit consent Restricts first party cookies that use personally identifiable information without implicit consent Pop up Blocker S Prevent most pop up windows from appearing Block pop ups Settings 3 Typethe IP address of your device the web page that you do not want to have blocked with the prefix http For example http 192 168 167 1 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 227 Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 4 Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites Figure 143 Pop up Blocker Settings Pop up Blocker Settings Exceptions Pop ups are currently blocked You can allow pop ups from specific Web sites by adding the site to the list below Address of Web site to allow http 192 168 1 1 Allowed sites Notifications and Filter Level Play a sound when a pop up is blocked Show Information Bar when a pop up is blocked Filter Level Medium Block most automatic pop ups Pop up Blocker FAQ 5 Click Close to return to the Privacy screen 6 Click Apply to save this setting JavaScripts If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer check that JavaScripts are allowed P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions 1 In Internet Explorer click Tools Internet Options and then the Security
215. the administrator Your customized rules take precedence and override the ZyXEL Device s default rules 9 3 The Incoming IP Filtering Screen Click Security gt IP Filter gt Incoming to display the following screen This screen displays a list of the configured incoming filtering rules Figure 58 Incoming IP Filter Incoming Incoming IP Filtering Setup When the firewall is enabled on a WAN or LAN interface all incoming IP traffic is BLOCKED However some IP traffic can be ACCEPTED by setting up filters Choose Add or Remove to configure incoming IP filters a AT ame LAG IV example ptm 0 1 None Source Dest Address 7 Dest mmm Spare oe sc Pore S 5 1 99 r 255 255 255 0 Add Apply Remove P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 9 IP Filter The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 33 Incoming IP Filtering LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable the rule Filter Name This displays the name of the rule Interfaces This displays the WAN interface to which this rule is applied Protocol This displays the IP protocol that defines the service to which this rule applies Source Address This displays the source IP addresses and subnet mask to which this Mask rule applies Please note that a blank source address is equivalent to Any Source Port This is the source port number Dest Address This displays
216. the web site your wireless connection is successfully configured If you cannot access the web site try changing the encryption type in the Security Settings screen check the Troubleshooting section of this User s Guide or contact your network administrator 2 1 3 2 Creating and Using a Profile A profile lets you automatically connect to the same wireless network every time you use the wireless client You can also configure different profiles for different networks for example if you connect a notebook computer to wireless networks at home and at work This example illustrates how to set up a profile and connect the wireless client to an access point configured for WPA PSK security In this example the SSID is SSID_Example3 the profile name is PN_Example3 and the pre shared key is ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey You have chosen the profile name PN Example3 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 31 Chapter 2 Tutorials 1 Open the ZyXEL utility and click the Profile tab to open the screen shown next Click Add to configure a new profile Figure 11 ZyXEL Utility Profile Connect a ad s NEZ Add Delete Edit Profile Info Network Type Infrastructure Network Mode 802 11b q Channel Auto Security DISABLE 2 The Add New Profile screen appears The wireless client automatically searches for available wireless networks which are displayed in the Scan Info box Click on Scan if yo
217. tic VLAN status indicators 21 storage humidity 187 storage temperature 187 subnet 235 subnet mask 76 236 subnetting 238 Symmetric NAT 65 Symmetric NAT Outgoing 66 syntax conventions 5 system name 40 T Tag Control Information See TCI Tag Protocol Identifier See TPID TCI TCP IP 117 temperature 187 Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP 257 TLS 191 TPID 66 TR 069 143 ACS setup 143 authentication 144 trademarks 267 transparent bridging 190 TTLS 191 U unicast 67 Universal Plug and Play 149 application 150 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Index UPnP 149 wireless client supplicant 258 forum 150 with RADIUS application example 258 security issues 150 WPA2 256 user authentication 258 vs WPA2 PSK 257 V wireless client supplicant 258 with RADIUS application example 258 WPA2 Pre Shared Key 256 VID WPA2 PSK 256 257 Virtual Local Area Network See VLAN mo application example 259 VANGE WPA PSK 257 Introduction 66 MA application example 259 number of possible VIDs WPS priority frame a static status VLAN ID 66 VLAN Identifier See VID VLAN tag 66 W WAN Wide Area Network 51 WAN interface 42 WAN statistics 42 warranty 269 note 269 Web Configurator 35 WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy 190 WEP encryption 87 Wi Fi Protected Access 256 Wi Fi Protected Access WPA 190 wireless client WPA supplicants 258 wireless LAN MAC address filtering 190 wireless security 252 wireless station list
218. tication Dial In User Service RFC 2138 2139 for centralized user profile and accounting management on a network RADIUS server Support for EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol RFC 2486 that allows additional authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access point or the wireless clients RADIUS RADIUS is based on a client server model that supports authentication authorization and accounting The access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server The RADIUS server handles the following tasks Authentication Determines the identity of the users Authorization Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the network Accounting Keeps track of the client s network activity RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the wireless client and the network RADIUS server Types of RADIUS Messages The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user authentication Access Request Sent by an access point requesting authentication Access Reject Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access Access Accept Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 253 Appendix D Wireless LANs Access Challenge Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access The access point sends
219. tility and click the Site Survey tab to open the screen shown next Figure 7 ZyXEL Utility Site Survey Site Information ssp Channel Signal Network Type Infrastructure T e ZyXEL MIS 6 62 Network Mode 802 11g T ca ZyXEL YZU 6 62 Channel 6 T ZyXEL test 6 60 Security PA PSK 8 SSID Example3 6 5694 MAC Address 00 40 C5 CD 1F 64 a CPE_5257_00 m 649 Surveyed at 11 46 38 T diink4300 6 so Scan Connect 2 The wireless client automatically searches for available wireless networks Click Scan if you want to search again If no entry displays in the Available Network List that means there is no wireless network available within range Make sure the AP or peer computer is turned on or move the wireless client closer to the AP or peer computer P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 2 Tutorials 3 When you try to connect to an AP with security configured a window will pop up 4 prompting you to specify the security settings Enter the pre shared key and leave the encryption type at the default setting Use the Next button to move on to the next screen You can use the Back button at any time to return to the previous screen or the Exit button to return to the Site Survey screen Figure8 ZyXEL Utility Security Settings Security Settings gt Encryption Type nae gt Pre Shared Key ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey Back Next _ Exit The Confirm Save window appea
220. tings vasr2Glinux h20z Network Card l Network Settings Overview Obtain an overview of installed network cards Global Options Overview Hostname DNS Routing Additionally edit their p z x configuration Name IP Address AMD PCnet Fast 79C971 DHCP Adding a Network Card Press Add to configure a new network card manually Configuring or Deleting Choose a network card to change or remove Then press Configure or Delete as desired AMD PCnet Fast 79C971 MAC 08 00 27 96 ed 3d Device Name eth etho Started automatically at boot P address assigned using DHCP d Configure ge Abot P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer s IP Address 5 When the Network Card Setup window opens click the Address tab Figure 136 openSUSE 10 3 Network Card Setup YaST2 linux h20z Address Setup Select No Address Setup if you do not want any IP address for this device This is particularly useful for bonding ethernet devices Select Dynamic address if you do not have a static IP address assigned by the system administrator or your cable or DSL provider You can choose one of the dynamic address assignment method Select DHCP if you have a DHCP server running on your local network Network addresses are then obtained automatically from the server To aut
221. to use for updating the IP address of the domain name User Name Type your user name Password Type the password assigned to you Email If you select TZO in the Service Provider field enter the user name you used to register for this service Key If you select TZO in the Service Provider field enter the password you used to register for this service Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 13 1 13 1 1 Remote Management Overview This chapter explains how to configure the TR 069 settings and access control settings on the ZyXEL Device What You Can Do in this Chapter The TR 069 Client screen lets you configure the ZyXEL Device s TR 069 auto configuration settings Section 13 2 on page 143 The Service Control screens let you configure through which interface s users can use which service s to manage the ZyXEL Device Section 13 3 on page 145 The IP Address screens let you configure from which IP address es users can use a service to manage the ZyXEL Device Section 13 4 on page 146 13 2 The TR 069 Screen TR 069 defines how Customer Premise Equipment CPE for example your ZyXEL Device can be managed over the WAN by an Auto Configuration Server ACS TR 069 is based on sending Remote Procedure Calls RPCs between an ACS and a client device RPCs are sent in Extensi
222. ts primary function is to allow users to P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide log into remote host systems Appendix E Common Services Table 74 Commonly Used Services continued NAME PROTOCOL PORT S DESCRIPTION TFTP UDP 69 Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP but uses the UDP User Datagram Protocol rather than TCP Transmission Control Protocol VDOLIVE TCP 7000 Another videoconferencing solution P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Legal Information Copyright Copyright 2009 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole transcribed stored in a retrieval system translated into any language or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical magnetic optical chemical photocopying manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation All rights reserved Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products or software described herein Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice This publication is subject to change without notice Tra
223. u Need to Know The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter NAT In the simplest form NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber the inside local address to another the inside global address before forwarding the packet to the WAN side When the response comes back NAT translates the destination address the inside global address back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host Port Forwarding A port forwarding set is a list of inside behind NAT on the LAN servers for example web or FTP that you can make visible to the outside world even though P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 1 07 Chapter 8 Network Address Translation NAT NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a single computer to the outside world 8 3 The Port Forwarding Screen This summary screen provides a summary of all port forwarding rules and their configuration In addition this screen allows you to create new port forwarding rules and delete existing rules You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded and the local IP address of the desired server The port number identifies a service for example web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21 In some cases such as for unknown services or where one server can support more than one service for example both FTP and web service it might be better to specify a range of po
224. u want to search again You can also configure your profile for a wireless network that is not in the list Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility Add New Profile gt Profile Name gt SSID gt Network Type C Ad Hoc Infrastructure C Add New Profile PN_Example3 551D_Example3 onnect to an Access point Connect directly to other computers Next Exit Scan Info T CPE_5257_00 T e CPE 5548 AP T e SSID Example3 T zld zyxel T ZyXEL Scan Select El 3 Give the profile a descriptive name of up to 32 printable ASCII characters Select Infrastructure and either manually enter or select the AP s SSID in the Scan Info table and click Select P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 2 Tutorials 4 Choose the same encryption method as the AP to which you want to connect In this example WPA PSK Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility Profile Security Security Settings gt Encryption Type WPA PSK i Back i Next i Exit 5 This screen varies depending on the encryption method you selected in the previous screen Enter the pre shared key and leave the encryption type at the default setting Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility Profile Encryption Security Settings gt Encryption Type nae Pre Shared Key ThisismyWPA PSKpre sharedkey Back Next Exit 6 Inthe next screen leave both boxes checked Figure 15 Profile Wireless Protocol Settings Wireless Protocol Settings
225. ubnet mask gateway and DNS server information to the network The ZyXEL Device is the DHCP server for the network Otherwise deselect this to not have the ZyXEL Device provide any DHCP services The DHCP server will be disabled When the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP server the following items need to be set IP Pool Starting Address This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool Pool Size This field specifies the size or count of the IP address pool IGMP Snooping Active IGMP Select this option to enable IGMP snooping This allows the ZyXEL Snooping Device to passively learn multicast group Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device 6 5 The Client List Screen This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC Addresses Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC Media Access Control address The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters for example 00 A0 C5 00 00 02 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 6 LAN Setup Click Network gt LAN gt Client List to open the following screen Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device s static DHCP settings Figure 35 LAN gt Client List DHCP Client Table IP Address 0 0 0 0 MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 Add Entries pm IP Address ENT CNET TUN 0 192 168 1 99 00 35 12
226. uide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 12 WAN gt More Connections Edit continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Symmetric Select this option to enable symmetric NAT on this connection This field is available only when you select Active NAT Fullcone Select this option to enable full cone NAT on this connection This field is available only when you select Active NAT VLAN This section is available in this screen only when you select Bridge in the Mode field VLAN Active Select this option to enable VLAN multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit You need to assign a VLAN ID and priority level to traffic through each WAN connection All WAN connections share one MAC address This allows the backbone switch to classify and service traffic based on the VLAN tag instead of the MAC address Otherwise disable VLAN multiplexing and each WAN connection has its own MAC address Note This field is only configurable for the first WAN connection When you change the setting here all existing WAN connections will be removed except for the first WAN connection VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID number for traffic that goes through this connection Priority Enter a priority level for traffic that goes through this connection Back Click this to return to the More Connections screen with saving your changes Apply Click this to save the changes Reset Click this to begin
227. ul Click Restart to have the device perform a software restart The SYS LED blinks as the device restarts and Wait a minute before logging into the device again P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide 179 Chapter 17 Tools P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Troubleshooting This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter The potential problems are divided into the following categories Power Hardware Connections and LEDs ZyXEL Device Access and Login nternet Access 18 1 Power Hardware Connections and LEDs The ZyXEL Device does not turn on None of the LEDs turn on 1 Make sure the ZyXEL Device is turned on 2 Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the ZyXEL Device 3 Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the ZyXEL Device and plugged in to an appropriate power source Make sure the power source is turned on 4 Turn the ZyXEL Device off and on 5 Ifthe problem continues contact the vendor One of the LEDs does not behave as expected 1 Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED See Section 1 5 on page 21 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 18 Troubleshooting 2 Check the hardware connections See the Quick Start Guide 3 Inspect your cables for damage Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables 4 Turn the ZyXEL Device off and on 5 Ifthe problem continues contact the vendor
228. ure illustrates the DS field DSCP is backward compatible with the three precedence bits in the ToS octet so that non DiffServ compliant ToS enabled network device will not conflict with the DSCP mapping DSCP 6 bits Unused 2 bits The DSCP value determines the forwarding behavior the PHB Per Hop Behavior that each packet gets across the DiffServ network Based on the marking rule different kinds of traffic can be marked for different kinds of forwarding Resources can then be allocated according to the DSCP values and the configured policies P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Dynamic DNS Setup 12 1 Overview Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you in NetMeeting CU SeeMe etc You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name for instance myhost dhs org where myhost is a name of your choice that will never change instead of using an IP address that changes each time you reconnect Your friends or relatives will always be able to call you even if they don t know your IP address First of all you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www dyndns org This is for people with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP server that would still like to have a domain name The Dynamic DNS service provi
229. using no security at all but it will not keep a determined attacker out Other security standards are secure in themselves but can be broken if a user does not use them properly For example the WPA PSK security standard is perfectly secure if you use a long key which is difficult for an attacker s software to guess for example a twenty letter long string of apparently random numbers and letters but it is not very secure if you use a short key which is very easy to guess for example a three letter word from the dictionary Because of the damage that can be done by a malicious attacker it s not just people who have sensitive information on their network who should use security Everybody who uses any wireless network should ensure that effective security is in place A good way to come up with effective security keys passwords and so on is to use obscure information that you personally will easily remember and to enter it in a way that appears random and does not include real words For example if your P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN mother owns a 1970 Dodge Challenger and her favorite movie is Vanishing Point which you know was made in 1971 you could use 70dodchal71vanpoi as your security key Signal Problems Because wireless networks are radio networks their signals are subject to limitations of distance interference and absorption Problems with distance occur when the two radios are too fa
230. va u enabled requires restart O Java logging enabled JIT compiler for virtual machine enabled requires restart Multimedia O Always show Internet Explorer 5 0 or later Radio toolbar O Don t display online media content in the media bar Enable Automatic Image Resizing Mozilla Firefox xf Restore Defaults Mozilla Firefox 2 0 screens are used here Screens for other versions may vary You can enable Java Javascripts and pop ups in one screen Click Tools then click Options in the screen that appears Figure 148 Mozilla Firefox Tools gt Options IEEE Help Web Search Ctrl k Downloads Add ons Ctrl J Web Developer Error Console Adblock Plus Page Info CtriH Shift A FireFTP Clear Private Data 3 Session Manager Ctrl Shift Del Tab Mix Plus Options P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix B Pop up Windows JavaScripts and Java Permissions Click Content to show the screen below Select the check boxes as shown in the following screen Figure 149 Mozilla Firefox Content Security Qa mw oUG Privacy Security Advanced Block pop up windows Exceptions IV Load images automatically Exceptions v Enable JavaScript Advanced IV Enable Java r Fonts amp Colors Default Font Times New Roman Size 16 v Advanced Colors r File Types ru m Configure how Firefox handles certain typ
231. value and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified misused tampered with damaged by an act of God or subjected to abnormal working conditions Note Repair or replacement as provided under this warranty is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties express or implied including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix F Legal Information 270 purpose ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser To obtain the services of this warranty contact your vendor You may also refer to the warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http www zyxel com web support_warranty_ info php Registration Register your product online to receive e mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www zyxel com P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Index A AAL5 189 ACS 143 ADSL2 189 Advanced Encryption Standard See AES AES 257 alternative subnet mask notation 238 antenna 187 directional 262 gain 261 omni directional 262 AP access point 249 applications Internet access 20 ATM AAL5 189 ATM Adaptation Layer 5 AAL5 189 Auto Configuration Server see ACS 143 auto negotiating rate adaptation 189 backup 176 Basic Service Set See BSS 247 blinking
232. ve the Universal Plug and Play UPnP Feature Apply Save Cancel P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 48 Advanced gt UPnP LABEL DESCRIPTION Active the Universal Plug and Play UPnP Feature Select this check box to activate UPnP Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to open the web configurator s login screen without entering the ZyXEL Device s IP address although you must still enter the password to access the web configurator Apply Save Click this to save the setting to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click this to return to the previously saved settings 14 4 Installing UPnP in Windows Example This section shows how to install UPnP in Windows Me and Windows XP Installing UPnP in Windows Me Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows Me 1 Click Start and Control Panel Double click Add Remove Programs P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 14 Universal Plug and Play UPnP 2 Click on the Windows Setup tab and select Communication in the Components selection box Click Details Figure 74 Add Remove Programs Windows Setup Communication M G Address Book Communications C Multilanguage Support 3 Inthe Communications window select the Universal Plug and Play check box in the Components selection box Figure 75 Add Remove
233. ving antenna 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected 4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help fa FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This transmitter must not be co located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter EEE 802 11b or 802 11g operation of this product in the U S A is firmware limited to channels 1 through 11 To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements a separation distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons HEX I WIR BIR EEA E E E ER HORIE PK HUAI HARE gt SERGE AT AE RDE HH ABE HJ a ZI AIME BHOR Ra e Mail A at RE S BTU dE Caf RAR HH THEBURIEE EEVLBIPSHI gt dte A CHIESE CHER l gt HIPS TRIKE a ede FSR ERR S BIRARE SAH TR EKCLSR PEt Ree P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide H x ak DRRR 88 FE S RB STRE E Zi E TSHR E E T BE e RE Appendix F Legal Informatio
234. virtual circuit You need to assign a VLAN ID and priority level to traffic through each WAN connection All WAN connections share one MAC address This allows the backbone switch to classify and service traffic based on the VLAN tag instead of the MAC address Otherwise disable VLAN multiplexing and each WAN connection has its own MAC address Note This field is only configurable for the first WAN connection When you change the setting here all existing WAN connections will be removed except for the first WAN connection VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID number for traffic that goes through this connection Priority Enter a priority level for traffic that goes through this connection Apply Click this to save the changes Reset Click this to begin configuring this screen afresh Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced WAN Setup screen and edit more details of your WAN setup This button is not available when you select Bridge in the Mode field P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup 5 4 1 Advanced Internet Connection Setup Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device s advanced WAN settings Click the Advanced Setup button in the I nternet Connection screen The screen appears as shown Figure 28 WAN gt Internet Connection Advanced Setup Multicast Setup IGMP Multicast Disable PPPoE Passthrough No x IP Filter IP Filter Active VLAN M VLAN Active VLAN ID 1234
235. where you can change it Model This is the model name of your device Number MAC This is the MAC Media Access Control or Ethernet address unique to Address your ZyXEL Device ZyNOS This field displays the current version of the firmware inside the device Firmware It also shows the date the firmware version was created Click this to go Version to the screen where you can change it DSL This field displays the current version of the device s DSL modem code Firmware Version WAN Information Mode This is the method of encapsulation used by your ISP IP Address This field displays the current IP address of the ZyXEL Device in the WAN Click this to go to the screen where you can change it IP Subnet This field displays the current subnet mask in the WAN Mask LAN Information P Address This field displays the current IP address of the ZyXEL Device in the LAN Click this to go to the screen where you can change it IP Subnet This field displays the current subnet mask in the LAN Mask DHCP This field displays what DHCP services the ZyXEL Device is providing to the LAN Choices are Server The ZyXEL Device is a DHCP server in the LAN It assigns IP addresses to other computers in the LAN None The ZyXEL Device is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN Click this to go to the screen where you can change it WLAN Information ESSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless LAN Click this to go to the
236. windows and has JavaScripts and Java enabled See Appendix B on page 225 4 Reset the device to its factory defaults and try to access the ZyXEL Device with the default IP address See Section 1 6 on page 22 5 If the problem continues contact the network administrator or vendor or try one of the advanced suggestions Advanced Suggestions f your computer is connected wirelessly use a computer that is connected to a ETHERNET port can see the Login screen but cannot log in to the ZyXEL Device 1 Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly The default password is 1234 These fields are case sensitive so make sure Caps Lock is not on 2 Turn the ZyXEL Device off and on 3 If this does not work you have to reset the device to its factory defaults See Section 18 1 on page 181 18 3 Internet Access cannot access the Internet 1 Check the hardware connections and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1 5 on page 21 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 18 Troubleshooting 2 Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly in the WAN screens These fields are case sensitive so make sure Caps Lock is not on 3 If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly make sure the wireless settings in the wireless client are the same as the settings in the AP 4 Disconnect all the cables from your device and follow t
237. wing table describes the labels in this screen Table 23 Network gt Wireless LAN gt WPS Station LABEL DESCRIPTION Push Button Click this button to add another WPS enabled wireless device within wireless range of the ZyXEL Device to your wireless network This button may either be a physical button on the outside of device or a menu button similar to the Push Button on this screen Note You must press the other wireless device s WPS button within two minutes of pressing this button Or input Enter the PIN of the device that you are setting up a WPS connection station s PIN with and click Start to authenticate and add the wireless device to your number wireless network You can find the PIN either on the outside of the device or by checking the device s settings Note You must also activate WPS on that device within two minutes to have it present its PIN to the ZyXEL Device 7 7 The MAC Filter Screen This screen allows you to configure the ZyXEL Device to give exclusive access to specific devices Allow or exclude specific devices from accessing the ZyXEL Device Deny Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC Media Access Control P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 7 Wireless LAN address The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters for example 00 A0 C5 00 00 02 You need to know the MAC addresses of the devices to configure this sc
238. without saving Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh 132 P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 11 Quality of Service QoS 11 5 The Class Setup Screen Use this screen to add edit or delete QoS classifiers A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source address destination address source port number destination port number or incoming interface For example you can configure a classifier to select traffic from the same protocol port such as Telnet to form a flow You can give different priorities to traffic that the ZyXEL Device forwards out through the WAN interface Give high priority to voice and video to make them run more smoothly Similarly give low priority to many large file downloads so that they do not reduce the quality of other applications Click QoS gt Class Setup to open the following screen Figure 66 QoS Class Setup Class Setup Create anew Class Add _ CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA CLASSIFICATION RESULTS Prat P poe eei tet ay Rask amm Key Mark Mark 3 default 3 123 v HB tu Apply The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 40 QoS Class Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Add Click this button to create a new classifier Class Name This is the name of the classifier Order This field displays the index number
239. word Service Name Retry Interval IP Address Static IP Address IP Address Connection o Retry when the authentication fails INTERNET PPPoE v Obtain an IP Address Automatically Nailed Up Connection Connect on Demand Max Idle Time NAT Active NAT 9 symmetric O Fullcone DNS Servers From ISP O Static IP First DNS Server Second DNS Server Mins The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 9 WAN gt Internet Connection LABEL DESCRIPTION General Name Specify a name for this connection You can use up to 32 letters numerals and any printable character found on a typical English language keyboard P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Chapter 5 WAN Setup Table 9 WAN gt Internet Connection continued LABEL DESCRIPTION Mode The ZyXEL Device is in routing mode by default This allows multiple computers to share an Internet account Select the method of encapsulation ENET ENCAP or PPPoE used by your ISP from the drop down list box Otherwise select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP s DHCP server directly If you select Bridge you cannot use IP filter DHCP server and NAT on the ZyXEL Device User Name PPPoE encapsulation only Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned If assigned a name in the
240. work If a device is allowed to use the wireless network it still has to have the correct information SSID channel and security If a device is not allowed to use the wireless network it does not matter if it has the correct information This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network Furthermore there are ways for unauthorized wireless devices to get the MAC address of an authorized device Then they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network 7 9 3 3 User Authentication Authentication is the process of verifying whether a wireless device is allowed to use the wireless network You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it However every device in the wireless network has to support I EEE 802 1x to do this For wireless networks you can store the user names and passwords for each user in a RADIUS server This is a server used in businesses more than in homes If you do not have a RADIUS server you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users Unauthorized wireless devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network even if they cannot use the wireless network Furthermore there are ways for unauthorized wireless users to get a valid user name and password Then they can use that user name and password to use the wireless network 7 9 3 4 Encryption Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the informat
241. y configure RTS CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and the cost of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS Request To Send CTS Clear to Send handshake If the RTS CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value see next then the RTS Request To Send CTS Clear to Send handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS CTS size Note Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy P 870HW 51a v2 User s Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs Fragmentation Threshold A Fragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size between 256 and 2432 bytes that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will fragment the packet into smaller data frames A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS CTS value see previously you set then the RTS Request To Send CTS Clear to Send handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS CTS size Preamble Type Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver Short and long refer to the length of the synchronizati

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