Rollei flex 2.8F User's Manual
Contents
1. Rolleiflex 3 5F 2 8F prepared by Alastair Firkin in practical use In practical use Please start with the Short cut to the First Exposure Only two pages but they will tell you in rapid fashion oil you need to know The handling of the model 2 8 F shown here and of the 3 5 F which is identical in all constructional features is then explained once more in detail step by step The first part covers its everyday use it contains the standard rules for picture taking thanks to Rollei s automatic principle these are simpler than ever before The second part deals with the additional features of the camera useful from time to time to master special photographic problems The aim of this booklet is to facilitate getting quick information on all necessary details and also to help you to take full advantage of the great capabilities of your Rolleiflex ROLLEI WERKE FRANKE amp HEIDECKE Short cut to the First Exposure 1 DIN ASA Setting Immediately after loading the camera gently press knurled knob and set to the DIN or ASA value of the film used in camera important for getting correct exposure Set filter scale to zero page 27 2 Focusing Raise rear edge of focusing hood Composition and sharpness can now be examined on the focusing screen turn the focusing knob until principal object appears with maximum sharpness For more critical observation of the image raise magnifier by gently pressing the direc2. any cleaning should be done carefully and only when necessary Do not forget that moisture dust sand strong sunlight a hard blow or fall can be harmful to a precision camera If possible always use the eveready case for heavy duty operations the stronger and tightly closing metal eveready case Carry camera around neck and when riding in your car keep your camera in a safe spot well protected against the hot sun and bumpy roads In a nutshell be kind to your Rolleiflex And please remember Franke amp Heidecke always maintain their interest in the welfare of your camera The Service Departments at the factory and the factory representatives in foreign countries will always gladly take care of any special technical problems that might come up during your photographic practice Using the Sports Finder Sport scenes and fast moving objects can be framed more conveniently through the direct view finder Only a slight raising or lowering of the camera 1s needed to alternate between observing the center portion of the focusing screen to control sharpness and the full open view in the direct finder To open sports finder press panel inward all the way 1 To close tap both sides of the hood gently 2 Always use the direct view finder close to the eye looking directly at the subject without tilting the camera De pe Exposures with Self timer If you photograph a group of people or take a remembrance snapshot and you also want
3. 4 This special accessory increases the precision of the Rollei film channel to achieve plate like flatness of the roll film However it requires a little care to keep it clean Handle the glass by the edges only Keep both sides free from dust and lint page 21 Minor wiping traces on the film side of the glass will not affect the picture quality To insert the flat glass open camera and tilt forward Slide glass with beveled edge under upper retaining bar of the film gate let glass plate snap into position and secure by pressing bar 1 The beveled edges are held by the retaining bars of the film gate To remove turn camera upside down press retaining bar 1 and let glass drop into your hand After attaching the special back page 31 Proper adjustment of the film pressure plate page 9 Watch for the two different positions for 2 x 2 When taking pictures without the flat glass use center position visible picture symbol rollfilm When using the flat glass push pressure plate up additionally visible picture symbol rollfilm with flat glass 2 Inserting the film in the usual way When not using the flat glass store it in the compartment provided inside the eveready case Using the Rolleikin Inserting the Rolleikin Focusing Screen Mask To remove the hood press the spring catches on either side of the hood and slide hood towards rear 1 To replace press hood down on track and sli
4. rollfilm No 120 B II 8 giving 12 exposures 2 25 x 2 25 The Film Pressure Plate inside the camera back can be adjusted for 120 rollfilm as well as for 35 mm film using Rolleikin page 33 when using rollfilm the inscription 2 25 x 2 25 must be visible Never change film in direct sunlight Utilize at least the shadow of your own body 4 hY Qq Can ae i i Kan To open camera turn the safety back lock clip at the tripod socket 1 lift back lock lever 2 and pull back open To adjust film guide plate press the plate against the back push it up or down until it stops 3 and let spring forward into the normal plane Inserting new film spool pull out film spool knob of lower spool chamber 4 insert film right side first and allow film knob to return to position Tear off tape seal Thread the beginning of the backing paper printed side outwards through the rollers of the film feeler mechanism 5 and push the paper leader into the long slot of the take up spool using the crank for correct positioning 6 Tighten the backing paper by one half turn of the crank while braking the full spool with the thumb 7 To close camera press the back with the palm of the hand fold down the back lock lever and secure 8 Adjusting to DIN ASA speed ratings 1 First determine the speed of the film used to be found on the box or an accompanying instruction sheet which will be indicated in DIN or A
5. sufficiently short shutter speed 1s an important factor in getting a sharp picture First rule in handheld shots use fast speeds to avoid camera movement The longest permissible shutter speed is 1 30 sec Safer and most widely used 1 60 and 1 125 sec Second rule In scenes involving motion the faster the objects move the shorter the exposure has to be to prevent a blurred picture As a guide sport scenes 1 500 running children 1 250 quick marching pedestrians 1 125 people walking leisurely 1 60 or from some distance 1 30 To eliminate the possibility of blurred scenes remember this general rule the danger of subject movement is greatly reduced by increasing the taking distance and shooting as nearly in line with the direction of motion as possible in other words rather from the front than from the side What About Depth of Field A sharp focusing screen image indicates that the camera 1s focused correctly on the main subject But both before and behind the plane of sharp focus there is always a sufficiently sharp zone The range of this depth of field 1s shown by a white band on the focusing knob the length of the white band indicates on the distance scale the depth of field available The indicator band changes when the diaphragm selector wheel is turned permitting a quick and direct coordination of shutter speed and depth of field The faster the film the easier is it to take care of special needs calling for short sh
6. to appear in the picture cock the self timer before releasing the shutter When pressing the shutter release the shutter will open for the previously selected exposure time after a delay of approximately 10 secs The self timer can be used with all instantaneous speeds 1 500 1 sec red section of speed scale and also for flash shots with the z contact setting It operates only when the shutter is cocked To operate self timer cock shutter film transport move self timer tensioning lever V in the direction of the arrow until it stops Release shutter as usual Shutter and self timer may be left tensioned even when camera is not in use spring strength will not deteriorate Tripod Pictures Length of the tripod s screw must not exceed the normal 3 16 4 5 mm if necessary use a spacer of proper thickness A reducing bushing is available for use with English thread 1 4 More practical Rolleifix for instant mounting of camera to tripod C Rolloifix Flash Shots Modern flash technique permits taking snapshots even under lighting conditions which do not allow instantaneous exposures with a handheld camera The Synchro Compur shutter is fully synchronized It fires the fast electronic flash and the slower flash bulbs at exactly the right moment permitting the use of short and shortest shutter speed in both instances All there is to do is connecting the flash gun with the camera and setting the synchro lever to the proper posi
7. SA values Gently press and turn knurled knob until the corresponding speed rating appears above the indicator mark in the DIN or ASA window The dots correspond to inter mediate film speeds page 27 This setting has to be adjusted whenever a different speed film is used Setting the filter factor 2 Under normal shooting conditions turn setting button to zero Set the corresponding filter factors only when using filters requiring a prolonged exposure page 27 Setting the film type as a reminder 3 Turn the knurled knob at the focusing knob to set the film type black and white colour artificial light colour daylight colour negative Advancing the film to No 1 Turn crank continuously until it stops past a slight resistance during the last turn when the counter mechanism engages and then in opposite direction until it stops again 4 The crank is now locked in its starting position The film frame counter indicates No 1 shutter is cocked the film is in correct position and ready for the first exposure Focusing for Sharpness To open the focusing hood lift rear edge of hood 5 and raise cover To close fold in both sides 8 W To raise magnifier press direct viewfinder panel inward following this simple method grip upper edge of hood with two fingers pushing the panel gently lt inward with the fingertip 6 Always hold magnifier close to the eye To close push iain support down 7 Focu
8. ating number page 34 and is automatically taken care of when measuring the exposure by means of the filter compensating scale Adjusting the filter scale turn the indicator knob until the corresponding compensating number of the filter used is opposite the reference mark Adjust the exposure meter pointers as usual When removing the filter return filter scale to zero Comparison Values Between DIN and ASA Speeds In special cases flash high filter compensating numbers over 3 the filter is compensated for by decreasing the film speed by 3 DIN for each full value for example when working with Neutral Density filter No 4 4 4 3 requires setting the meter to 12 DIN less than the actual film speed he Seay fer A ER a iig eee aa CERPI Tar Three Ways to Correct Exposure With the Rolleiflex even difficult light conditions are no problem as long as you keep the following in mind Is there a great contrast in illumination between the main subject and the rest of the picture area On the correct answer to this question depends the choice of the proper measuring method Normal object measurement covers the average case this is an evenly illuminated subject with front lighting or the light partially from the side well balanced differences in light and shade and no heavy shadows When shooting color only front lighting will produce the most saturated colors Detail measurement of the obje
9. crank outward spread the sides slightly and pull camera forward To insert spread the two sides of the case slightly guide the raised crank through opening from the inside and lower the camera backwards into the case Press the sides together and swing locking levers upward Detaching the front if required press clip downward 3 remove the front flap lifting it backward To attach insert the front flap in hinge and close eveready case Lens Cap To remove lift the lower part by the tab at the lower edge and fold it against the upper part remove cap from the bayonet by turning it counter clock wise 4 To attach fit the folded cap into the viewing bayonet hinge pointing to the focusing knob fold down after a short turn 5 and snap into place Neck Strap To attach insert the retaining prongs at the ends of the strap into the strap holders on camera or eveready case and they will immediately snap into position To release press the retaining prongs together and pull strap 6 The leather loop and snap buttons on the left side of the eveready case serve to hold the protective leather cover for the light meter in place It is necessary to un snap the lower left button before opening the case when the meter cover is used Loading the Camera Please do not try to insert your first film until you are fully familiar with the handling of the camera Otherwise continue on page 11 The Rolleiflex uses 2 25 x 3 5
10. ct becomes very helpful in special cases when either very light or dark areas prevail and there is a great illumination contrast between main subject and background Example a sun tanned face in front of bright clouds what is wanted is correct exposure is for the head but as camera position measurement also includes the sky an average reading resulting in under exposure of the face would be obtained For proper measurement of detail in such cases move the Rollei towards object until only the main part of subject appears in the focusing screen Set camera to the reading now obtained and return to original camera position Incident light measurement with diffusor This method gives a correct reading in those special cases of high contrast subjects where detail measurement cannot be achieved Main uses against the sun shots objects with brilliant background snow water beach and close ups of small objects with contrasty background To get correct reading point camera in opposite direction to measure the illumination received by the subject Place diffusor in position over holding knobs on the photo cell and aim towards the light falling on the subject from the direction of the intended camera position Incident light measurements are taken at the subject or at a position identically illuminated The reading corresponds to an average subject brightness According to whether the important part of the scene is darker or b
11. de forward until it locks To lift the focusing screen take hold of the two sides of the frame pull backwards slightly and lift 2 Close by pushing downward Inserting the focusing screen mask drop into place so that the notch and punched holes fit over the studs provided 3 The Rolleikin mask is now coupled to the automatic parallax correction of the camera Adjusting the film pressure plate page 9 slide plate downward until inscription 1 x 11 2 24 x 36 mm is visible Adjusting the eveready case to the larger diameter of the Rolleikin counter knob remove leather insert at the left side after bending the metal retaining clips upward For more detailed information please refer to the Rolleikin instruction sheet The Practical Accessories Protecting the Camera e Eveready Case e Protective Cap for exposure meter leather for attaching to eveready case e Protective Cap for exposure meter plastic for attaching to neck strap e Neck Strap e Shoulder Pad for neck strap e Lens Cap chromium plated e Metal Eveready Case The Optical Accessories e For Rolleiflex 3 5 F bayonet size I e For Rolleiflex 2 8 F bayonet size III e Lens Hood Wide angle Lens Attachment e Rollei Mutar 0 7x e Pair of Bayonet Mounting Rings for model 2 8 F e Lens Hood e Leather Case Tele Lens Attachment Rollei Mutar 1 5x Pair of Bayonet Mounting Rings for model 2 8 F Lens Hood Leather Case Supplementary Lens S
12. ed the camera is set to and the exposure value will be found where the respective diaphragm and speed columns cross for example for f 5 6 and 1 30th sec the exposure value 10 Changing Magnifier to correct for Faulty Vision For critical focusing without glasses interchangeable magnifiers within the range from 3 to 3 diopters are available Specify prescription for glasses If you want to change the magnifiers yourself Upper Magnifier with the direct view finder open grasp lens from above and below pull it back and then lift it up and out 4 To insert push magnifier forward against retaining spring and let snap into place For convenient cleaning fold down magnifier with the direct view finder open Rear Magnifier remove and open focusing hood page 33 Use both thumbs to grasp from the inside of the rear wall the two retaining clips on either side of the rear peep window and pull back retaining lever 5 After changing magnifier push re taining spring forward until it snaps into place Clean magnifier with soft cloth Exchanging the Back to use the plate adapter or the flat glass attachment To exchange camera back open back fully turn the safety latch below the right back hinge in the same direction 6 and remove back To attach with the safety latch in upper position insert back first into the left then into the right back hinge and close be bee The Optically Flat Glass Attachment 21 4 x 21
13. ets for close ups Rolleinars 1 for close ups from 39 1 2 to 17 3 4 Rolleinars 2 for close ups from 19 3 4 to 12 1 8 Rolleinars 3 for close ups from 12 2 to 9 1 2 Rollei Filters Filter Compensating Number For block and white films pan emulsions Light yellow 1 Medium yellow 1 5 Light green Green 1 5 Orange 1 5 to 3 Light red 2 to 3 5 Light blue 0 5 Ultra violet 0 5 For Color Films Rollei Color Conversion Filters e RIOBIO e R2 0 5B2 0 5 e R5 05 BS 1 e RII 1B11 1 5 For General Use e Rollei Filters e Neutral Density 2 2 e Neutral Density 4 4 e Rolleipol Polarizing Screen 1 5 e For infrared emulsions Infrared Filter Diffusion Discs e Rolleisoft 0 e Rolleisoft 1 Containers for lens accessories Leather Case containing 1 lens hood 2 filters Leather Case containing lens hood 2 sets of Rolleinar lenses 1 and 2 5 block and white filters your choice Leather Case containing 6 color conversion filters Flash Rolleiflash 2 Attachment Rolleiflash comb 2 supplementary flash unit with 10 feet cord Carrying Case for Rolleiflash 2 or Rolleiflash comb 10 ft Extension Cord for Rolleiflash 2 32 Cord for Rolleiflash 2 Coiled Cord 1 3 for Rolleiflash 2 Connector for 2 cords Micro Adapter Rollei Micro Tube Rollei Micro Prism Spare Bayonet Ring for micro tube Rollei Adapter Outfits For Cut film and Plates 21 2 X 3 1 2 Plate adapter outfit 2 25 X 2 25 1 ada
14. h three full revolutions Open back in subdued light Pull out upper spool knob and remove film from the left Fold backing paper for convenient tearing when develop ing and fasten down with sticker Keep the exposed film away from light and return it to original packing To transfer the empty spool pull out lower film spool knob and lift the now empty spool out of the lower spool chamber Insert the spool into upper spool chamber fitting the slotted end over the winding key on the right side Load the camera with a fresh roll of film avoiding direct sunlight Use your own body s shadow for protection A Few Words about the Care of Your Camera your camera deserves careful handling dependable performance will be your reward Sparkling cleanliness especially of all the optical parts 1s a pre requisite for maximum sharpness In cleaning all optical surfaces lenses focusing screen reflex mirror flat glass use a camel s hair brush to remove dust then wipe off fingerprints with a soft cloth or doeskin On the contoured undersurface of the focusing screen use a clean soft brush only avoid touching the screen To prevent a dust attracting electrostatic charge breathe onto the surfaces before and after cleaning and let moisture evaporate do not wipe off Incidentally the lenses have abrasion resistant anti reflection coatings The reflex mirror too is covered with a special protective layer to withstand scratches and corrosion However
15. j O O 9 9 3 A shots dim light rsp 4 night exposures Higher number diaphragm figures indicate smaller openings end increased depth of field page 16 but closing down to each succeeding stop cuts the light passing through exactly in half requiring double the exposure of the preceding stop The correct diaphragm opening is indicated in the center of the peep window Intermediate values can be used f 3 5 is a mid point stop between f 2 8 and f 4 in the international diaphragm scale To permit the use of the entire diaphragm range when taking manually controlled time exposures over 1 sec keep the shutter speed scale set to the value 2 of the green section of the scale Double Exposures At Will For intentional multiple or trick exposures the double exposure prevention mechanism can be by passed possible only with roll film loaded camera after exposure move release ring at base of crank in direction of arrow and then turn crank through one complete backward revolution until it stops This operation cocks the shutter for a second exposure without advancing the film After releasing the shutter repeated tensioning in the described manner far multiple exposures possible An absolutely firm tripod is a pre requisite for this kind of work Use of Filters Filters absorbe sic light and therefore usually require a prolonged exposure The necessary correction for each filter 1s indicated by the filter compens
16. osure This automatic exposure control covers an extremely wide measuring range it is limited only by the poorest illumination which will not allow the thin meter needle to leave the area of the red reference mark Selecting the Shutter Speed The red section of the scale denotes instantaneous shutter timed speeds in fractions of a second 500 1 500th sec 1 1 1 1 sec Intermediate values between clicks cannot be used therefore always set shutter so that desired speed figure is in the middle of the indicator window This rule also applies when pre selecting depth of field Only after clicking the speed into position can the final adjustment of the exposure meter pointers be mode with the diaphragm control wheel The green section of the scale is for time exposures only and indicates the required exposure time in full seconds It is used only when unfavorable lighting conditions require greater exposure while at the same time further stopping down in order to gain depth of field After lining up the exposure meter pointers the green numbers indicate in full seconds the time the shutter has to be kept open time exposures page 18 Intermediate values can be used in the green shutter speed section Automatic shutler timed exposures Time exposures by hand 500 uso mas we wg WIS wa Wd We 1 2 4 B 15 30 second quick modorate scents wilhoul movement ripod movenants What Shutter Speed Selecting a
17. pter bock 3 slides 3 cut film sheaths Adapter Back Slide Cut film Sheath Leather Case for 2 Slides Focusing Screen Slide For Rollfilm with Optically Flat Glass Plate e Optically Flat Glass Attachment special camera back and optically flat glass plate e Spare Optically Flat Glass Plate For 35 mm Film e Rolleikin Attachment for up to 36 exposures 1 X 1 2 on 35 mm film For Mounting the Camera e Rolleifix Tripod Head for quick fastening e Rollei Pistol Grip e Wrist Loop for Pistol Grip e Panorama Head for use with a tripod For Focusing control at eye level e Rollei Penta Prism e Penta B special eyepiece for the Penta Prism Technical specifications subject to change without notice
18. righter than the average the diaphragm should be opened or closed by 1 2 stop A general rule in strong sunlight Give preference to whichever measuring method that does not expose photo cell to direct rays of the sun When not in use the photo cell need not be covered The diffusor is kept in the front flap of the ever ready case A protective cover can be placed over the focusing knob The shock mounted exposure meter is ruggedly built duration and intensity of the light falling on the cells will not effect its accuracy rt Re adjusting the Exposure Meter When the photo cell is completely covered the indicator needle should be in zero position pointing to the red reference line 3 If it 1s off this position perhaps due to prolonged and heavy shaking the meter can be re adjusted as follows Loosen both screws on the front of the meter 1 until it can be removed from the focusing knob Turn adjusting screw on back of instrument 2 until meter needle points to the red reference mark 3 IMPORTANT Before re inserting instrument first set camera to DIN ASA value 12 filter factor 0 shutter speed 1 500th sec and diaphragm f 22 then insert exposure meter and tighten screws Table of Exposure Values In case you are interested in knowing which exposure value formerly light value corresponds to a given speed stop combination the table on the camera back provides this information determine diaphragm and shutter spe
19. sing Turn the focusing knob until the picture 1s pin sharp or until the two halves of the image meet in the Rangefinder Wedge Centre of the view finder If you select the shutter speed first turn the speed selector wheel right until the desired instantaneous shutter speed red figure appears in the center of the indicator window This is an easy rule All you have to do is to watch two pointers Thus Rollei clearly signals The exposure is correct when both pointers are aligned The exposure meter is directly cross coupled to the speed and stop settings Adjustment according to the meter automatically sets the depth of field indicator as well This facilitates focusing even further Now you can also pre select the diaphragm opening without checking the diaphragm setting depending upon whether you prefer a faster shutter speed page 14 or a greater depth of field and then adjust the diaphragm opening turn the diaphragm wheel left until both exposure meter pointers are lined up you can always be sure the exposure will be correct page 16 The correct speed stop relationship is positively controlled by the two pointers Any sudden change in light intensity indicated by the moving meter needle can be noticed instantly and can then be compensated for by the proper pointer adjustment With the camera ready to shoot correct exposure is kept under constant control even up to the actual moment of exp
20. t view finder panel Direct view finder page 22 3 Pro selecting Shutter Speed Turn speed selector wheel using right thumb until the desired shutter speed red figures appears in the center of the peep window Selecting Shutter Speed page 14 4 Setting the Exposure Turn stop selector wheel using left thumb until both pointers of the exposure meter are in line which each other Just one more glance to check framing and focus and the Rolleiflex is ready to shoot Incidentally by pre selecting the diaphragm opening the depth of field required can be determined first page 16 To line up the exposure meter pointer turn the speed selector wheel click shutter speed into position and make final adjustment with diaphragm wheel page 14 5 To Release Shutter Swing the safety lever from locked to unlocked position press shutter release 6 Film Transport Swing out crank and turn with one continuous swing forward to stop and back again to stop This operation cocks the shutter advances the film to the next frame and sets the picture counter to the next exposure The Rolleiflex is ready for the next picture Eveready Case see frame below To open lift the top from the rear 1 and fold forward and down Before closing the case set camera to Removing the camera swing locking levers on either side of strap holder downward 2 the two sides of the case can now be spread apart Lift
21. tion Connecting the flash cord insert the tip into the flash connector socket on the camera When disconnecting flash cord swing locking lever at the socket downward and pull out tip Setting the contact to X contact or 0 M contact pull out the small knurled knob and swing synchro lever to the desired position The X synchronization which also works with the self timer is the contact most widely used under normal conditions When employing the recommended shutter speed it always utilizes the entire light output of the flash Electronic flash Always use A contacl for oll shutter sponds Flash bulbs A contacl when using WI0th sec or slower chuller Speeds Mi conloact for speeds laccorcding to type of flash bulb up to 1 500 h sec 3 C imni The correct exposure depends on fhe light output of the flash and the distance between flash and subject Therefore it cannot be determined with an exposure meter Exact data regarding choice of proper contact exposure time and diaphragm may be gathered from the material furnished by the lamp manufacturers Adjusting the exposure as per instructions supplied by the flash manufacturer Using peep window select shutter speed first then set diaphragm opening page 26 The exposure meter pointers are disregarded completely Diaphragm In practical use observation of the diaphragm is necessary only when shooting with out measuring the exposure flash C
22. utter speeds and great depth of field The zone of definition does not break off abruptly but gradually changes to unsharpness Therefore it is difficult to define the exact limits of the depth of field Maximum definition always prevails at the focusing distance rin Wad When Does One Need Depth of Field Extended depth of field becomes very helpful when taking surprise snapshots sport scenes with constantly changing subject distance and subjects with extended depth Snapshots with the camera pre focused to thee anticipated distance work with extended depth of field to compensate for changes in the focusing distance Sports Finder page 22 Landscapes with foreground to extend the depth of field as far as possible into the foreground do not set the camera to but turn the focusing knob until the mark is opposite the end of the indicator band Subjects with great depth focus separately on the nearest and farthest point bracketing the subject Turn the focusing knob so that the white band reaches both distance figures If necessary extend depth by turning selecting wheel Releasing Shutter Up to the moment of exposure all camera settings are kept under perfect control sharpness framing exposure shutter speed and depth of field They can be readjusted instantly if the subject so requires To unlock shutter release move release guard from locked to lower unlocked position Snapshot E
23. xposure 1 500 1 sec press shutter release gently selected speed goes off automatically Time Exposure over 1 sec press shutter release and hold for required time Shutter will close when you let go Long Time Exposures press release and lock with safety guard Terminate exposure by releasing lock Caution Do not shake camera Shield the lens with your hand when opening and closing the shutter Cable Release insert in cable release socket with safety guard locked Film Transport and Shutter Tensioning After each shot swing out crank turn it for ward with one continuous swing until it stops and then back again to stop The shutter is now automatically cocked The crank will turn only after releasing shutter Double exposures or blank frames are positively eliminated If the crank can be turned it must be turned forward and back to lock Only if it is locked the camera is ready to shoot Exception double exposures page 26 The crank need not be folded down after each shot when shooting in rapid sequence When using the Rolleikin the film transport for the 35 mm film is accomplished in exactly the same manner as above When using the Plate Adapter turning the crank by one half turn will suffice to cock the shutter Unloading the Camera After the twelfth exposure the film is finished the crank is no longer locked and can be turned freely again To remove the film roll up remaining backing paper wit
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