Orion XT10 User's Manual
Contents
1. On nights of poor seeing the atmosphere will be turbulent which means different densities of air are rapidly mixing This causes significant distortion of the incoming light which pre vents sharp views at high magnifications Tube Balance Dobsonians are designed to balance with standard supplied accessories such as an eyepiece and EZ Finder II But what if you want to use a larger finder scope or a heavier eyepiece The telescope will no longer be properly balanced and will not hold its position properly This makes the telescope difficult to use since it is critical that it hold its position when not pur posefully moved to keep objects centered in the field of vision Traditional Dobsonian designs expect the user to compen sate for heavier accessories by adding weight to the opposite end of the telescope tube Such counterweighting systems can be expensive and unwieldy The CorrecTension Friction Optimization system of the SkyQuest Dobsonians however solves the finicky balance problem The spring coils pull the tube down onto the base thereby increasing the friction on the altitude bearing pads With CorrecTension the added weight of small front end loads will not adversely affect the balance of the telescope Figure 12 Picking up and carrying the SkyQuest as a single unit with tube held captive on the base requires some caution a First position the tube vertically Then grasp the handle on the base with one hand w2. accurate directions for assembly and use but it also serves as a guide for your first explorations in the sky Table of Contents Ui UNpackNg a ce gy oe cee a de ee a a le 3 2 Assembly anananaa Kee deh we Reed ed and 4 3 Using Your Telescope 7 4 Collimation Aligning the Mirrors 10 5 Astronomical Observing 12 6 Care and Maintenance 16 7 Specifications 0 000 ee eee 17 1 Unpacking The telescope will arrive in two boxes one containing the optical tube assembly and accessories the other containing the unassembled Dobsonian base Be careful unpacking the boxes We recommend keeping the original shipping contain ers In the event that the telescope needs to be shipped to another location or returned to Orion for warranty repair hav ing the proper shipping containers will help ensure that your telescope will survive the journey intact Make sure all the parts in the Parts List below are present Be sure to check boxes carefully as some parts are small If any thing appears to be missing or broken immediately call Orion Customer Support 800 676 1343 for assistance WARNING Never look directly at the Sun through your telescope or its finder scope even for an instant without a professionally made solar filter that completely covers the front of the instrument or permanent eye damage could result Young children should use this tel
3. pointing the telescope is exceptionally easy Simply take hold of the end of the tube and move it left or right so the base rotates about its central azimuth bolt and move it up or down so the altitude side bearings rotate in the base s cradle Both motions can be made simultaneously and in a continuous manner for easy aiming Move the telescope gently let it glide In this way you can point the telescope to any position in the night sky from horizon to horizon Focusing the Telescope Insert the 25mm eyepiece into the focuser and secure with the thumbscrew s Move the telescope so the front open end is pointing in the general direction of an object at least 1 4 mile away Now with your fingers slowly rotate one of the focusing knobs until the object comes into sharp focus Go a little bit beyond sharp focus until the image just starts to blur again then reverse the rotation of the knob just to make sure you ve hit the exact focus point If you have trouble focusing rotate the focusing knob so the drawtube is in as far as it will go Now look through the eye piece while slowly rotating the focusing knob in the opposite direction You should soon see the point at which focus is reached The 2 Crayford focuser of the XT8 and XT10 models features a thumb screw on the bottom of the focuser body Figure 10 CALIFORNIA A123450 Naked eye view 9SpEZLY _VINdOSI IV View through and telescope Figure 11 Th
4. stars you can see with your naked eye If you cannot see stars of magnitude 3 5 or dimmer then conditions are poor Magnitude is a measure of how bright a star is the brighter a star is the lower its magnitude will be A good star to remem ber for this is Megrez mag 3 4 which is the star in the Big Dipper connecting the handle to the dipper If you cannot see Megrez then you have fog haze clouds smog light pollu tion or other conditions that are hindering your viewing See Figure 19 Let Your Eyes Dark Adapt Do not expect to go from a lighted house into the darkness of the outdoors at night and immediately see faint nebulas galaxies and star clusters or even very many stars for that 12 Big Dipper in Ursa Major MEGREZ 2 4 MAGNITUDES Figure 19 Megrez connects the Big Dipper s handle to it s pan It is a good guide to how conditions are If you can not see Megrez a 3 4 mag star then conditions are poor matter Your eyes take about 30 minutes to reach perhaps 80 of their full dark adapted sensitivity Many observers notice improvements after several hours of total darkness As your eyes become dark adapted more stars will glimmer into view and you will be able to see fainter details in objects you view in your telescope So give yourself at least a little while to get used to the dark before you begin observing To see what you are doing in the darkness use a red light
5. In addition to providing the collimation cap you ll notice a tiny ring sticker in the exact center of the primary mirror This center mark allows you to achieve a very precise collima tion of the primary mirror you don t have to guess where the center of the mirror is You simply adjust the mirror position described below until the reflection of the hole in the collima tion cap is centered inside the ring This center mark is also required for best results with other collimating devices such as Orion s LaserMate Laser Collimator obviating the need to remove the primary mirror and mark it yourself Note The center ring sticker need not ever be removed from the primary mirror Because it lies directly in the shadow of the secondary mirror its presence in no way 10 adversely affects the optical performance of the telescope or the image quality That might seem counterintuitive but it s true Aligning the Secondary Mirror With the collimation cap in place look through the hole in the cap at the secondary diagonal mirror Ignore the reflections for the time being The secondary mirror itself should be cen tered in the focuser drawtube in the direction parallel to the length of the telescope If it isn t as in Figure 13b it must be adjusted This adjustment will rarely if ever need to be done It helps to adjust the secondary mirror in a brightly lit room with the telescope pointed toward a bright surface such
6. Support Help Line 800 676 1343 Day or Evening
7. a planisphere The planisphere gives an all sky view and shows which constellations are visible on a given night at a given time Now look at your star chart and find the brightest star in the constellation that is near the object that you are trying to find Using the EZ Finder Il point the telescope at this star and center it on the red dot Next look again at the star chart and find another suitably bright star near the bright star currently centered in the finder Keep in mind that the field of view of the EZ Finder II is 10 so you should choose a star that is no more than 10 from the first star if possible Move the tele scope slightly until the telescope is centered on the new star Continue using stars as guideposts in this way until you are the approximate position of the object you are trying to find Figure 20 Look in the telescope s eyepiece and the object should be somewhere within the field of view If it s not sweep the telescope carefully around the immediate vicinity until the object is found If you have trouble finding the object start the starhop again from the brightest star near the object you wish to view This time be sure the stars indicated on the star chart are in fact the stars you are centering in the EZ Finder II and telescope eyepiece Remember the telescope and the EZ Finder II will give you inverted images keep this in mind when you are star hopping from star to star Note About Astro
8. as white paper or wall Placing a piece of white paper in the telescope tube opposite the focuser i e on the other side of the sec ondary mirror will also be helpful in collimating the secondary mirror Using a 2mm hex key loosen the three small alignment set screws in the center hub of the 4 vaned spider several turns Now hold the mirror holder stationary be careful not to touch the surface of the mirrors while turning the center screw with a Phillips head screwdriver see Figure 14 Turning the screw clockwise will move the secondary mirror toward the front opening of the optical tube while turning the screw counter clockwise will move the secondary mirror toward the primary mirror Note When making these adjustments be careful not to stress the spider vanes or they may bend When the secondary mirror is centered in the focuser draw tube rotate the secondary mirror holder until the reflection of the primary mirror is as centered in the secondary mirror as fl Figure 14 To center the secondary mirror under the focuser hold the secondary mirror holder in place with one hand while adjusting the center bolt with a Phillips screwdriver Do not touch the mirror s surface Figure 15 Adjust the tilt of the secondary mirror by loosening or tightening the three alignment set screws with a 2mm hex key possible It may not be perfectly centered but that is OK Now tighten the three small alignment screws equally to
9. faster On the bottom of the mirror cell there are four holes where a fan can be screwed on Seeing and Transparency Atmospheric conditions play a huge part in quality of viewing In conditions of good seeing star twinkling is minimal and objects appear steady in the eyepiece Seeing is best over head worst at the horizon Also seeing generally gets better after midnight when much of the heat absorbed by the Earth during the day has radiated off into space Typically seeing conditions will be better at sites that have an altitude over about 3000 feet Altitude helps because it decreases the amount of distortion causing atmosphere you are looking through A good way to judge if the seeing is good or not is to look at bright stars about 40 above the horizon If the stars appear to twinkle the atmosphere is significantly distorting the incom ing light and views at high magnifications will not appear sharp If the stars appear steady and do not twinkle seeing conditions are probably good and higher magnifications will be possible Also seeing conditions are typically poor during the day This is because the heat from the Sun warms the air and causes turbulence Good transparency is especially important for observing faint objects It simply means the air is free of moisture smoke and dust All tend to scatter light which reduces an object s brightness One good way to tell if conditions are good is by how many
10. flashlight rather than a white light Red light does not spoil your eyes dark adaptation like white light does A flashlight with a red LED light is ideal or you can cover the front of a regular flashlight with red cellophane or paper Beware too that nearby porch and streetlights and automobile headlights will spoil your night vision Tracking Celestial Objects The Earth is constantly rotating about its polar axis complet ing one full rotation every 24 hours this is what defines a day We do not feel the Earth rotating but we can tell that it is at night by seeing the apparent movement of stars from east to west This movement translates into a rate of approximately 25 per minute or 15 arc seconds per second There are 60 arc minutes in 1 and 60 arc seconds in one arc minute This is called the sidereal rate When you observe any astronomical object you are watching a moving target This means the telescope s position must be continuously updated over time to keep an object in the field of view This is easy to do with the SkyQuest XT because of its smooth motions on both axes As the object moves off toward the edge of the field of view you just lightly nudge the tele scope to bring it back to the center You will notice that it is more difficult to track objects when the telescope tube is aimed nearly straight up This is inherent to the basic design of the Dobsonian and stems from the fact that there i
11. mirror Optical tube weight Base weight Tube length Tube outer diameter SkyQuest XT 8 Primary mirror focal length Primary mirror diameter Focal Ratio Focuser Optical tube material Eyepiece Magnification with supplied eyepiece Reflex Sight Reflex Sight Bracket Mirror coatings Minor axis of secondary mirror Optical tube weight Base weight Tube length Tube outer diameter 1200mm standard optical glass 150mm f 8 0 Rack and pinion accepts 1 25 eyepieces Rolled steel 25mm Sirius Pldssl fully coated with multi coatings 1 25 barrel diameter 48x EZ Finder Il Plastic bracket with dovetail base Aluminum with SiO overcoat 34 5mm 13 5 Ibs 20 9 Ibs 45 5 729 1200mm standard optical glass 203mm f 5 9 Crayford accepts 2 eyepieces and 1 25 eyepieces with adapter Rolled steel 25mm Sirius Pl ssl fully coated with multi coatings 1 25 barrel diameter 48x EZ Finder Il Plastic bracket with dovetail base Aluminum with SiO overcoat 47 0mm 20 3 Ibs 20 7 Ibs 46 5 9 25 SkyQuest XT 10 Primary mirror focal length Primary mirror diameter Focal Ratio Focuser Optical tube material Eyepiece Magnification with supplied eyepiece Reflex Sight Reflex Sight Bracket Mirror coatings Minor axis of secondary mirror Optical tube weight Base weight Tube length Tube outer diameter 1200mm 254mm BK7
12. secure the secondary mirror in that position If the entire primary mirror reflection is not visible in the secondary mirror as in Figure 13c you will need to adjust the tilt of the secondary mirror This is done by alternately loosening one of the three align ment setscrews while tightening the other two as depicted in Figure 15 The goal is to center the primary mirror reflection in the secondary mirror as in Figure 13d Don t worry that the reflection of the secondary mirror the smallest circle with the collimation cap dot in the center is off center You will fix that in the next step Adjusting the Primary Mirror The final adjustment is made to the primary mirror It will need adjustment if as in Figure 13d the secondary mirror is cen tered under the focuser and the reflection of the primary mirror is centered in the secondary mirror but the small reflection of the secondary mirror with the dot of the collimation cap is off center The tilt of the primary mirror is adjusted with three spring loaded collimation thumbscrews on the back end of the optical tube bottom of the primary mirror cell these are the larger Figure 16 The three small thumbscrews that lock the primary mirror in place must first be loosened before any adjustments can be made Figure 17 The tilt of the primary mirror is adjusted by turning one or more of the three larger thumbscrews thumbscrews The other three smaller thumbs
13. the mir ror cell Be careful not to touch the aluminized surface of the mirror with your fingers Set the mirror on a clean soft towel Fill a clean sink free of abrasive cleanser with room temper ature water a few drops of liquid dishwashing detergent and if possible a capful of rubbing alcohol Submerge the mirror aluminized face up in the water and let it soak for several minutes or hours if it is a very dirty mirror Wipe the mirror underwater with clean cotton balls using extremely light pres sure and stroking in straight lines across the surface Use one ball for each wipe across the mirror Then rinse the mirror under a stream of lukewarm water Any particles on the sur face can be swabbed gently with a series of clean cotton balls each used just one time Dry the mirror in a stream of air a blower bulb works great or remove any stray drops of water with the corner of a paper towel Water will run off a clean sur face Dry the bottom and the edges with a towel not the mirror surface Cover the mirror surface with tissue and leave the entire assembly in a warm area until it is completely dry before reassembling the telescope 16 7 Specifications SkyQuest XT 6 Primary mirror focal length Primary mirror diameter Focal Ratio Focuser Optical tube material Eyepiece Magnification with supplied eyepiece Reflex Sight Reflex Sight Bracket Mirror coatings Minor axis of secondary
14. view Without moving the main telescope use the EZ Finder Il s azi muth left right and altitude up down adjustment knobs see Figure 6 to position the red dot on the object in the eyepiece When the red dot is centered on the distant object check to make sure that the object is still centered in the telescope s field of view If not recenter it and adjust the EZ Finder Il s alignment again When the object is centered in the eyepiece and on the EZ Finders red dot the EZ Finder II is properly aligned with the telescope Once aligned EZ Finder II will usually hold its alignment even after being removed and remounted Otherwise only minimal realignment will be needed Replacing the Battery Should the battery ever die replacement 3 volt lithium bat teries are available from many retail outlets Remove the old battery by inserting a small flat head screwdriver into the slot on the battery casing Figure 6 and gently prying open the case Then carefully pull back on the retaining clip and remove the old battery Do not overbend the retaining clip Then slide the new battery under the battery lead with the positive end facing down and replace the battery casing Aiming Pointing the Telescope Now that the EZ Finder Il is aligned the telescope can be quickly and accurately pointed at anything you wish to observe The EZ Finder II has a much wider field of view than the telescope s eyepiece and therefore it is muc
15. visual performance of the telescope The large primary mirror and the elliptical secondary mirror of your telescope are front surface aluminized and overcoated with hard silicon dioxide which prevents the aluminum from oxidizing These coatings normally last through many years of use before requiring re coating which is easily done To clean the secondary mirror it must be removed from the telescope Do this by holding the secondary mirror holder sta tionary with your fingers don t touch the mirror itself while unthreading the Phillips head screw in the center hub of the 4 vaned spider Completely unthread the screw from the hold er and the holder will come loose in your fingers Be careful not to lose the spring on the Phillips head screw Handle the mirror and its holder carefully You do not need to remove the secondary mirror from its holder for cleaning To clean the secondary mirror follow the procedure described below for cleaning the primary mirror To clean the primary mirror carefully remove the mirror cell from the telescope To do this you must remove the screws that connect the entire mirror cell to the steel tube These screws are located on the outer edge of the mirror cell Now remove the mirror from the mirror cell by removing the three mirror clips that secure the mirror in its cell Use a Phillips head screwdriver to unthread the mirror clip anchor screws Next hold the mirror by its edge and remove it from
16. INSTRUCTION MANUAL Orion SkyQuest XT6 Classic XT8 Classic amp XT10 Classic Dobsonian Reflecting Telescopes Customer Support 800 676 1343 ORIONI E mail support telescope com TELESCOPES S BINOCULARS Corporate Offices 831 763 7000 Providing Exceptional Consumer Optical Products Since 1975 89 Hangar Way Watsonville CA 95076 OrionTelescopes com IN 165 Rev D 05 08 Secondary mirror with 4 vane spider not shown EZ Finder Il qe lt Eyepiece Focus knob Optical tube Altitude side bearing Correc Tension Friction Right side panel Optimization System Front brace Pull loop Handle Eyepiece Rack optional Left side panel Top baseplate __ gt Ground baseplate _ gt amp Figure 1 The SkyQuest XT Dobsonian XT6 pictured Welcome to an exciting new world of adventure Your SkyQuest Dobsonian is a high quality optical instrument designed to bring you dazzling views of the outer reaches of our universe Easy enough for kids to use and portable enough for any one to carry the SkyQuest will provide fun and entertainment for the entire family Whether you are brand new to amateur astronomy or a seasoned stargazer get ready for many evenings of enjoyment and fascination Before venturing into the night with your new telescope we recommend that you read through this instruction manual Not only does it provide
17. ances the load for easy carrying If you wish to carry the optical tube and base separately sim ply disengage the CorrecTension springs by unhooking them from the posts on the base using the pull loops The springs remain captive on the telescope side bearings Now the base and tube are disengaged and can be transported separately Note The SkyQuest may be too heavy for some users to lift and carry as one unit Do not strain yourself If the load seems too heavy disengage the springs and carry the base and tube separately When putting the SkyQuest into a vehicle common sense pre vails It is especially important that the optical tube does not knock around this can cause the optics to become misaligned and could dent the tube We recommend transporting and stor ing the tube assembly in a padded case for proper protection 4 Collimation Collimation is the process of adjusting the mirrors so they are correctly aligned with one another Your telescope s optics were aligned at the factory and should not need much adjust ment unless the telescope is handled roughly Accurate mirror 9 Bottom end of focuser drawtube Reflection of your eye Mirror center mark not shown for clarity Edge of secondary Reflection of primary mirror clip va Reflection of secondary mirror holder spider vanes Reflection of primary mirror Figure 13 Collimating the optics a When the mirrors are properly aligned the v
18. crews lock the mirrors position in place these thumbscrews must be loos ened before any collimation adjustments can be made to the primary mirror To start turn the smaller thumbscrews a few turns each Figure 14 Use a screwdriver in the slots if necessary Now try tightening or loosening one of the larger collima tion thumbscrews with your fingers Figure 17 Look into the focuser and see if the secondary mirror reflection has moved closer to the center of the primary You can tell this easily with the collimation cap and mirror center mark by simply watching to see if the dot of the collimation cap is moving closer or farther away from the ring on the center of the primary mir ror When you have the dot centered as much as possible in the ring your primary mirror is collimated The view through the collimation cap should resemble Figure 13e Retighten the locking thumbscrews A simple star test will tell you whether the optics are accurately collimated Star Testing the Telescope When it is dark point the telescope at a bright star and accu rately center it in the eyepiece s field of view Slowly de focus 11 Collimated Out of collimation Figure 18 A star test will determine if a telescope s optics are properly collimated An unfocused view of a bright star through the eyepiece should appear as illustrated on the right if the optics are perfectly collimated If the circle is unsymmetrical as in t
19. dark skies you can observe a wealth of fascinating deep sky objects that is objects that reside outside of our solar system These include gaseous nebulas open and globular star clusters and a variety of different types of gal axies The large apertures of SkyQuest XT Dobsonians are particularly well suited to gathering light which is critical for observing these usually faint celestial entities For deep sky observing it is important that you find an observing site well away from light pollution Take plenty of time to let your eyes adjust to the darkness As you become more experienced and your observing skills get sharper you will be able to ferret out more and more subtle details and structure from these fasci nating objects Do not expect to see color in deep sky objects however as human eyes are not sensitive to color from faint light How to Find Deep sky Objects Starhopping Starhopping as it is called by astronomers is perhaps the simplest way to hunt down objects to view in the night sky It entails first pointing the telescope at a star close to the object you wish to observe and then progressing to other stars closer and closer to the object until it is in the field of view of the eyepiece It is a very intuitive technique that has been employed for hundreds of years by professional and amateur astronomers alike Keep in mind as with any new task that starhopping may seem challenging at first but will become easier ove
20. e observing About halfway down the left side panel of the base you will notice two predrilled starter holes about 6 apart Take the black wood screws and thread them into the starter holes with a Phillips screwdriver Then you can keyhole the eyepiece rack onto the wood screws and continue tightening the screws Figure 5 If you want to be able to remove the rack do not tighten the screws too tightly Be certain that the screws are loose enough that you can lift the rack and remove it from the screws through the larger part of the keyhole If you want to have the rack permanently attached thread the screws tightly Installing the EZ Finder II Using the included dovetail mounting bracket the EZ Finder Il will slip neatly into the dovetail base preinstalled on your SkyQuest optical tube To attach the dovetail mounting bracket to the EZ Finder Il loosen the two thumbscrews on the bottom rail of the EZ Finder II Slide the EZ Finder Il onto the bracket and tighten the two thumbscrews See Figure 6 Then simply Figure 5 Using the two supplied screws install the optional aluminum eyepiece rack in the predrilled holes about halfway down the left side panel of the base XT6 eyepiece rack shown Azimuth adjustment knob Altitude adjustment knob Battery casing Thumbscrews Dovetail lt mounting bracket Figure 6 The EZ Finder Il slide the dovetail mounting bracket into the telescope s dove ta
21. e varied Magnification is calculated as follows Magnification Telescope Focal Length mm Eyepiece Focal Length mm The 6 8 and 10 SkyQuest Dobsonians all have a focal length of 1200mm So the magnification with the supplied 25mm eye piece is 1200mm 25mm 48x The maximum attainable magnification for a telescope is directly related to how much light its optics can collect A telescope with more light collecting area or aperture can yield higher mag nifications than a smaller aperture telescope The maximum practical magnification for any telescope regardless of optical design is about 60x per inch of aperture This translates to about 360x for the SkyQuest XT6 and 480x for the XT8 Keep in mind that as magnification is increased the brightness of the object being viewed will decrease this is an inherent principle of the physics of optics and cannot be avoided If magnification is doubled an image appears four times dim mer If magnification is tripled image brightness is reduced by a factor of nine Note About High Magnifications Maximum magnifications are achieved only under the most ideal viewing conditions at the best observing sites Most of the time magnifications are limited to 200x or less regardless of aperture This is because the Earth s atmosphere distorts light as it passes through On nights of good seeing the atmo sphere will be still and will yield the least amount of distortion
22. e view through a reflector telescope is upside down which will lock the focuser drawtube in place once the tele scope is properly focused If you find the drawtube tension when focusing is either too tight focus knob is difficult to turn or too loose image shifts when focusing or drawtube moves inward by itself the ten sion can be adjusted for optimal performance On the XT8 amp XT10 the focusing tension adjustment set screw is a 3mm socket head set screw located below the focus lock thumb screw Figure 10 A 3mm hex key is required for adjustment of focus tension Due to the rack and pinion focuser design on the XT6 tension adjustment should not normally be needed as it has been pre adjusted at the factory Note The image in the main telescope will appear upside down rotated 180 This is normal for reflector telescopes see Figure 11 Aligning the EZ Finder Il When the EZ Finder II is properly aligned with the telescope an object that is centered on the EZ Finder Il s red dot should also appear in the center of the field of view of the telescope s eyepiece Alignment of the EZ Finder Il is easiest during day light before observing at night Aim the telescope at a distant object such as a telephone pole or roof chimney and center it in the telescope s eyepiece The object should be at least 1 4 mile away Now with the EZ Finder II turned on look though the EZ Finder II The object should appear in the field of
23. ed for such cum the hole Use a Phillips screwdriver to tighten the screw bersome countermeasures CorrecTension Friction Optimization Repeat this procedure on the opposite side panel utilizes a spring coil to pull the tube assembly down onto the 2 Next insert one of the screws with a round plastic knob altitude bearing pads thereby increasing the friction by just attached through the end ring of one of the springs Slip the right amount With CorrecTension you can change eye a black nylon spacer onto the screw Orient the spacer so the narrow end is closest to the knob Thread the entire pieces or add a barlow lens or solar filter without having to tediously adjust the telescope s balance as you would with assembly into the hole in the center of the telescope s other Dobsonians The altitude friction will roughly equal the altitude side bearing until tight The end ring of the spring azimuth friction ensuring optimal performance should seat onto the narrow end of the spacer Repeat this procedure for the other altitude side bearing To install the CorrecTension assembly follow these steps while referring to Figure 7 3 Attach a pull loop to the free end of each spring Slide the loop Put one of the black nylon spacers on a black Phillips head froga Ne opening m ihe rng On Me Gna ortae spring 4 Now pull each spring down using the pull loop and posi 1 screw The spacer should be oriented so the narrow end seats a
24. escope only with adult supervision Parts List Box 1 Optical Tube Assembly and Accessories Qty Description Optical tube assembly Dust cover 25mm Sirius Plossl eyepiece 1 25 barrel diameter EZ Finder II with bracket Collimation cap Spring coils Pull loops Nylon spacers black 1 4 washers black Phillips head screws black length 1 3 4 Screws with round knob attached MPO MO NY A N YN lt e a a y ad Box 2 Dobsonian Base Qty Description Left panel Right panel Front brace Top baseplate Ground baseplate 2 Base assembly screws length 2 Hex key size 4mm Plastic feet Feet attachment wood screws length 1 Self adhesive rubber bumper Large hex head bolt length 3 3 8 washers 3 8 lock nut Nylon spacer white T nut Handle Socket head cap screws 5 16 black 5 16 washers black 5 16 nuts black Hex key 6mm N N N a a a N HSH HSH WO WO HH SH l Se aS S i Figure 2 Exploded view of the SkyQuest XT Dobsonian base 2 Assembly Now that you have unpacked the boxes and familiarized your self with all the parts in front of you it s time to begin assembly The optics of the telescope are already installed in the tube so most of the required assembly concerns the Dobsonian base Assembly of the Dobsonian Base Refer to Figure 2 during base assembly The base need only be assembled once unless you disassemble it for long term storage The assembly p
25. ey 8 Lift the optical tube and set the altitude bearings on either side of the tube in the cradle of the base Figure 3 The unique flange design of the altitude bearing allows for auto matic left to right centering of the optical tube in the cradle Figure 4 Position the tube on the mount pointed vertical Place the rubber bumper stop where the mirror cell contacts the front base to cushion the impact Once in the cradle the tube should pivot freely up and down with gentle hand pressure Note that the tube will not yet be properly balanced since the eyepiece and EZ Finder Il are not in place and the CorrecTension system has not been installed 9 The rubber bumper L provides a convenient stop for the telescope s altitude motion it prevents the telescope mir ror cell from being knocked against the hard surface of the base s front brace Remove the backing from the rubber bumper and position the bumper so it is positioned in the spot where the optical tube mirror cell contacts the front base as shown in Figure 4a and 4b Press firmly so the adhesive holds the bumper securely in place Installing the Optional Eyepiece Rack The aluminum eyepiece rack is an optional accessory for SkyQuest Dobsonians On the XT6 it holds three 1 25 eye pieces in a convenient place on the base on the XT8 and XT10 it holds three 1 25 eyepieces and one 2 eyepiece These eyepieces will be within easy reach while you r
26. gainst the head of the screw Slip one of the black tion the spring s end ring over the head of the Phillips 1 4 washers over the end of the screw Now thread the screw installed in Step 1 and onto the narrow part of the screw into the hole in the base side panel just below the nylon spacer as shown in Figure 8b You needn t attach both springs simultaneously one at a time is fine cradle The screw will thread into the preinstalled insert in Altitude Azimuth Figure 9 The SkyQuest has two axes of motion altitude up down and azimuth left right The CorrecTension system is now installed and engaged If you wish to remove the telescope from the base you will first need to disconnect the springs from the posts on the Dobsonian base The springs will remain captive on the alti tude side bearings so they will not get lost Inserting an Eyepiece The final step in the assembly process is to insert an eyepiece into the telescope s focuser Take the cover cap off the end of the focuser drawtube For the XT6 Loosen the two thumbscrews on the eyepiece holder and insert the eyepiece Then secure it in place with the thumbscrews For the XT8 and X1T10 There are three thumbscrews on the focuser one holds the eyepiece and two hold the 1 25 adapter To insert the eyepiece loosen the thumbscrew that is on the 1 25 adapter itself it will be highest up on the focuser Insert the eyepiece into the adapter and secure it b
27. h easier to first center an object in the EZ Finder II Then if the EZ Finder ll is accurately aligned the object will also be centered in the telescope s field of view Start by once again moving the telescope until it is pointed in the general direction of the object you want to see Some observers find it convenient to sight along the tube to do this Now look in the EZ Finder Il If your general aim is accurate the object should appear somewhere in the EZ Finder II Make small adjustments to the telescope s position until the object is centered on the red dot of the EZ Finder Now look in the telescope s eyepiece and enjoy the view Magnification Magnification of the telescope can be changed by using additional eyepieces optional To switch eyepieces simply loosen the thumbscrew s on the focuser drawtube and lift the eyepiece out of the focuser Insert your new eyepiece in the focuser and tighten the thumbscrews If you are careful not to bump the telescope your object should remain in the field of view With higher powers notice that the object veing viewed is now larger but somewhat dimmer The SkyQuest is designed to accept any eyepiece with a bar rel diameter of 1 25 The XT8 and XT10 can also accept 2 eyepieces Magnification or power is determined by the focal length of the telescope and the focal length of the eyepiece Therefore by using eyepieces of different focal lengths the resultant magnification can b
28. he illustration on the left the scope needs collimation the image with the focusing knob If the telescope is correctly collimated the expanding disk should be a perfect circle Figure 18 If the image is unsymmetrical the scope is out of collimation The dark shadow cast by the secondary mirror should appear in the very center of the out of focus circle like the hole in a donut If the hole appears off center the tele scope is out of collimation If you try the star test and the bright star you have selected is not accurately centered in the eyepiece the optics will always appear out of collimation even though they may be perfectly aligned It is critical to keep the star centered so over time you will need to make slight corrections to the telescope s position in order to account for the sky s apparent motion Note About the Collimatable 2 Focuser XT8 and XT10 The 2 focuser of the SkyQuest XT8 can be collimated using three pairs of push pull screws located at the base of the focuser The focuser was collimated at the factory however and should never need to be adjusted Focuser collimation is only required under very rare circumstances but has been made available for this telescope should such a need arise 5 Astronomical Observing For many users the SkyQuest XT telescope will be a major leap into the world of amateur astronomy This section is intended to get you ready for your first voyage through the nig
29. hile supporting the tube with the other b With knees bent slowly lift the base while supporting the tube with one hand This ensures that the tube will not swing down and impact the ground c As you lift the whole assembly will tilt down becoming nearly parallel with the ground at which time you can let go of the tube with your supporting hand Make sure you are comfortable with A the weight of the whole assembly before attempting to carry it If you install an array of heavier acces sories onto your SkyQuest s optical tube you may need at some point to counterbalance the telescope with a counter weight system Carrying the Telescope Moving the SkyQuest is easy to do Because the springs of the CorrecTension system hold the optical tube captive on the base the entire telescope can be carried as one unit 6 and 8 models only This requires some caution however If the telescope is lifted improperly the front of the tube could swing down and hit the ground First point the optical tube straight up vertical Remove any eyepieces from the telescope and optional eyepiece rack and place them in an eyepiece case Grasp the handle on the front of the base with one hand while supporting the telescope tube vertically with the other see Figure 12 Now lift the telescope from the handle Once the telescope is in the horizontal posi tion you can carry the entire unit with one hand The handle position properly bal
30. ht objects like planets and double stars The Moon also takes higher magnifications well Deep sky objects however typically look better at medium or low magnifications This is because many of them are quite faint yet have some extent apparent width Deep sky objects will often disappear at higher magnifications since greater magnification inherently yields dimmer images This is not the case for all deep sky objects however Many galaxies are quite small yet are somewhat bright so higher power may show more detail The best rule of thumb with eyepiece selection is to start with a low power wide field and then work your way up in magnifica tion If the object looks better try an even higher magnification If the object looks worse then back off the magnification a little by using a lower power eyepiece Using 2 Eyepieces XT8 and XT10 The SkyQuest XT8 and XT10 Crayford focusers are capable of accepting optional 2 eyepieces To use 2 eyepieces you must remove the 1 25 adapter from the focuser by turning the two thumbscrews that hold it in place Once this adapter is removed insert a 2 eyepiece directly into the eyepiece holder and use the same thumbscrews to secure the larger eyepiece 2 eyepieces are desirable because they provide a wider field of view than 1 25 eyepiece Many observers own at least one 2 eyepiece to yield the largest field of view possible for looking at wide deep sky objects such as open star c
31. ht sky Site Selection Pick a location away from streetlights and bright yard lighting Avoid viewing over rooftops and chimneys as they often have warm air currents rising from them which distort the image seen in the eyepiece Similarly you should not observe through an open window from indoors Better yet choose a site out of town away from any light pollution You ll be stunned at how many more stars you ll see Most importantly make sure that any chosen site has a clear view of a large portion of the sky Cooling the Telescope All optical instruments need time to reach thermal equilibrium to achieve maximum stability of the lenses and mirrors which is essential for peak performance When moved from a warm indoor location to cooler air outside or vice versa a telescope needs time to cool or warm to the outdoor temperature The bigger the instrument and the larger the temperature change the more time will be needed Allow at least 30 minutes for your SkyQuest XT to equilibrate If the scope experiences more than a 40 temperature change allow an hour or more In the winter storing the telescope in a shed or garage greatly reduces the amount of time needed for the optics to stabilize It also is a good idea to keep the scope covered until the Sun sets so the tube does not heat greatly above the temperature of the outside air The XT8 and XT10 have the ability to mount a small fan to make cooling the tube
32. iew down the focuser drawtube should look like this b With the collimation cap in place if the optics are out of alignment the view might look something like this Here the secondary mirror is centered under the focuser but it needs to be adjusted tilted so that the entire primary mirror is visible d The secondary mirror is correctly aligned but the primary mirror still needs adjustment When the primary mirror is correctly aligned the dot will be centered as in e alignment is important to ensure the peak performance of your telescope so it should be checked regularly Collimation is rela tively easy to do and can be done in daylight To check collimation remove the eyepiece and look down the focuser drawtube You should see the secondary mirror centered in the drawtube as well as the reflection of the primary mirror cen tered in the secondary mirror and the reflection of the secondary mirror and your eye centered in the reflection of the primary mir ror as in Figure 13a If anything is off center as in Figure 13b proceed with the following collimation procedure The Collimation Cap and Mirror Center Mark Your SkyQuest XT comes with a collimation cap This is a sim ple cap that fits on the focuser drawtube like a dust cap but has a hole in the center and a silver bottom This helps center your eye so that collimation is easy to perform Figures 13a through 13e assume you have the collimation cap in place
33. il mounting base and tighten the thumbscrew on the base to secure the mounting bracket Operation The EZ Finder Il works by projecting a tiny red dot it s nota laser beam onto a lens mounted in the front of the unit When you look through the EZ Finder Il the red dot will appear to float in space helping you locate even the faintest of deep space objects The red dot is produced by a light emitting diode LED near the rear of the sight A 3 volt lithium battery provides the power for the diode Turn the power knob see Figure 6 clockwise until you hear the click indicating that power has been turned on Look through the back of the reflex sight with both eyes open to see the red dot Position your eye at a comfortable distance from the back of the sight In daylight you may need to cover the front of the sight with your hand to be able to see the dot which is purposefully quite dim The intensity of the dot is adjusted by turning the power knob For best results when stargazing use the dimmest possible setting that allows you to see the dot without difficulty Typically a dimmer setting is 5 Altitude side bearing Screw with ya Black nylon round knob spacers ATEARI a E z kad Spring Phillips head screw black 1 4 washer black Pull loop Figure 7 Close up view of the CorrecTension system which pulls the tube assembly down onto the altitude bearing pads used u
34. ilter or permanent eye damage could result Also be sure to cover the finder scope or better yet remove it altogether C The Planets The planets don t stay put like the stars so to find them you should refer to the Learning Center at our website telescope com and choose In the Sky or to charts published monthly in Astronomy Sky amp Telescope or other astronomy magazines Venus Mars Jupiter and Saturn are the brightest objects in the sky after the Sun and the Moon Your SkyQuest XT is capable of showing you these planets in some detail Other planets may be visible but will likely appear starlike Because planets are quite small in apparent size optional higher power eyepieces are recommended and often needed for detailed observations Not all the planets are generally visible at any one time JUPITER The largest planet Jupiter is a great subject for observation You can see the disk of the giant planet and watch the ever changing positions of its four largest moon lo Callisto Europa and Ganymede Higher power eyepieces should bring out the cloud bands on the planet s disk and the Great Red Spot SATURN The ringed planet is a breathtaking sight The tilt angle of the rings varies over a period of many years some times they are seen edge on while at other times they are broadside and look like giant ears on each side of Saturn s disk A steady atmosphere good seeing is necessary for a good view Loo
35. k closely and you should see the Cassini divi sion a thin dark gap in the rings You should also see one or more of Saturn s moons which look like faint stars The bright est is the moon Titan VENUS At its brightest Venus is the most luminous object in the sky excluding the Sun and the Moon It is so bright that sometimes it is visible to the naked eye during full daylight lronically Venus appears as a thin crescent not a full disk when at its peak brightness Because it is so close to the Sun it never wanders too far from the morning or evening horizon No surface markings can be seen on Venus which is always shrouded in dense clouds MARS The Red Planet makes a close approach to Earth every two years Observing Mars is most favorable at these times You should see salmon colored disk with some distinct dark patches and you may be able to spot a whitish polar ice cap To see surface detail on Mars you will need a high power eyepiece and very steady air D The Stars Stars will appear as tiny points of light Even powerful tele scopes cannot magnify stars to appear as anything more than pinpoints You can however enjoy the different colors of the stars and locate many pretty double and multiple stars The famous Double Double in the constellation Lyra and the gor geous two color double star Albireo in Cygnus are favorites Defocusing a star slightly can help bring out its color E Deep Sky Objects Under
36. lusters or gaseous nebulae You ll be stunned at the large fields of view that 2 eye pieces deliver You ll feel like you re floating in space Now that you are all set up and ready to go one critical decision must be made what to look at A The Moon With is rocky and cratered surface the Moon is one of the most interesting and easy subjects to view with your scope The best time to view it is during its partial phases when 13 shadows fall on the craters and canyon walls to give them defi nition While the full moon may look like a tempting target it is not optimal for viewing The light is too bright and surface definition is low Even at partial phases the Moon is very bright Use of an optional Moon filter to helps to dim the glare It simply threads onto the bottom of the eyepiece You ll find the Moon filter improves viewing comfort and helps bring out the subtle fea tures of the lunar surface B The Sun You can change your nighttime telescope into a daytime Sun viewer by installing an optional full aperture solar filter over the front opening of the telescope The primary attraction is sun spots which change shape appearance and location daily Sunspots are directly related to magnetic activity in the Sun Many observers like to make drawings of sunspots to monitor how the Sun is changing from day to day Important Note Do not look at the Sun with any optical instrument without a professionally made solar f
37. nder dark skies and a bright setting is used under light polluted skies or daylight At the end of your observing session be sure to turn the power knob counterclockwise until it clicks off When the white dots on the EZ Finder II s body and power knob are lined up the EZ Finder Il is turned off se mn a tm To a a zm ite ae n a e ie ea ra j PEEN i Installing the CorrecTension XT Friction Optimization System Perhaps the most exciting feature of the SkyQuest Dobsonians is the CorrecTension Friction Optimization system Because of their light weight 10 and smaller Dobsonians have always been plagued by insufficient friction on the altitude bearing surfaces As a result such telescopes move up and down much too freely This causes problems when the observer tries to accurately center and track an object for viewing especially Figure 8 a To attach the spring to the base grip the pull loop at higher powers Also the telescope becomes very sensitive With your index finger and pull down on the spring Ib While pulling to balance requiring additional equipment such as counter down slip the end ring of the spring over the bolt head and onto the weight systems or adjustable side bearings to compensate narrow part of the nylon spacer then release the pull loop SkyQuest Dobsonians employ a simple yet effective remedy o l l for the friction problem that obviates the ne
38. optical glass f 4 7 Crayford accepts 2 and 1 25 eyepieces with included adapter collimatible Rolled steel 25mm Sirius Pl ssl fully coated with multi coatings 1 25 barrel diameter 48x EZ Finder Il Plastic bracket with dovetail base Aluminum with SiO overcoat 63 0mm 30 8 Ibs 22 6 Ibs 47 25 12 0 17 One Year Limited Warranty This Orion SkyQuest XT telescope is warranted against defects in materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of purchase This warranty is for the benefit of the original retail purchaser only During this warranty period Orion Telescopes amp Binoculars will repair or replace at Orion s option any warranted instrument that proves to be defective provided it is returned postage paid to Orion Warranty Repair 89 Hangar Way Watsonville CA 95076 If the product is not registered proof of purchase such as a copy of the original invoice is required This warranty does not apply if in Orion s judgment the instrument has been abused mishandled or modified nor does it apply to normal wear and tear This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state For further warranty service information contact Customer Service Department Orion Telescopes amp Binoculars 89 Hangar Way Watsonville CA 95076 800 676 1343 Orion Telescopes amp Binoculars 89 Hangar Way Watsonville CA 95076 Customer
39. photography SkyQuest Dobsonians are designed for visual not photo graphic use The Dobsonian mount is not an equatorial type mount so it cannot be motor driven for long exposure astro photography SkyQuests have also been optically optimized for visual use since photographic optimization degrades visu al performance With that in mind however it is possible to do some simple astrophotography with a SkyQuest With the use of afocal pho tography techniques where the camera is simply placed to the eyepiece to take a picture and digital cameras it is pos sible to take pictures of bright objects Certain photographic aids such as the Orion SteadyPix can help in taking photos by the afocal method 6 Care and Maintenance If you give your telescope reasonable care it will last a lifetime Store it in a clean dry dust free place safe from rapid chang es in temperature and humidity Do not store the telescope outdoors although storage in a garage or shed is OK Small components like eyepieces and other accessories should be kept in a protective box or storage case Keep the caps on the front of the scope and on the focuser when it is not in use For maximum protection during storage we recommend placing the telescope in a case to prevent any dust and moisture from accumulating on exposed surfaces The telescope requires very little mechanical maintenance The optical tube is made of steel and has a smooth painted finish that i
40. r time and with practice To starhop only a minimal amount of additional equipment is necessary A star chart or atlas that shows stars to at least magnitude 5 is required Select one that shows the positions of many deep sky objects so you will have a lot of options to choose from If you do not know the positions of the constel lations in the night sky you will need to get a planisphere to identify them Start by choosing bright objects to view The brightness of an object is measured by its visual magnitude the brighter an object the lower its magnitude Choose an object with a visual magnitude of 9 or lower Many beginners start with the Messier objects which represent some of the best and bright 14 4 278 ANDROMEDA Great Andromeda Galaxy M3T M1110 Figure 20 Starhopping is a good way to locate hard to find objects Refer to a star chart to map a route to the object that uses bright stars as guideposts Center the first star you ve chosen in the EZ Finder II and telescope eyepiece 1 Now move the scope carefully in the direction of the next bright star 2 until it is centered Repeat 3 amp 4 The last hop 5 should place the desired object in the eyepiece est deep sky objects first catalogued about 200 years ago by the French astronomer Charles Messier Determine in which constellation the object lies Now find the constellation in the sky If you do not recognize the constella tion on sight consult
41. rocess takes about 30 minutes and requires a Phillips screwdriver an adjustable crescent wrench and the provided hex keys Note When tightening the base assembly screws tight en them until firm but be careful not to strip the holes by over tightening If you use an electric screwdriver do the final tightening with a standard screwdriver to avoid stripping 1 Screw the plastic feet into the underside of the ground baseplate A using the self tapping wood screws provid ed with a Phillips screwdriver Insert the screws through the feet and thread them into the predrilled starter holes 2 Loosely attach the front brace B to the two side panels C with six of the base assembly screws in the predrilled holes Use the 4mm hex key to tighten the screws The side panels should be oriented so the SkyQuest label is facing outward Do not completely tighten the screws yet Figure 3 Set the optical tube on the cradle of the base so that the altitude side bearings on the tube rest on the white plastic pads and the finder is facing away from the front brace Part B 3 Attach the two sides C with the front brace attached to the top baseplate D with the remaining six base assembly screws in the predrilled holes Tighten all six screws 4 Tighten the six side panel screws installed earlier 5 Insert the white nylon bushing E into the hole in the cen ter of the top baseplate D Tap the nylon bushing in
42. s fairly scratch resistant If a scratch does appear on the tube it will not harm the telescope If you wish you may apply some auto touch up paint to the scratch Smudges on the tube can be wiped off with a soft cloth and a household cleaner Cleaning Lenses Any quality optical lens cleaning tissue and optical lens clean ing fluid specifically designed for multi coated optics can be used to clean the exposed lenses of your eyepieces Never use regular glass cleaner or cleaning fluid designed for eyeglasses Before cleaning with fluid and tissue blow any loose particles off the lens with a blower bulb or compressed air Then apply some cleaning fluid to a tissue never directly on the optics Wipe the lens gently in a circular motion then remove any excess fluid with a fresh lens tissue Oily fingerprints and smudges may be removed using this method Use caution rubbing too hard may scratch the lens On larger lenses clean only a small area at a time using a fresh lens tissue on each area Never reuse tissues Cleaning Mirrors You should not have to clean the telescope s mirrors very often normally once every year or so Covering the telescope with the dust cover when it is not in use will help prevent dust from accumulating on the mirrors Improper cleaning can scratch mirror coatings so the fewer times you have to clean the mir 15 rors the better Small specks of dust or flecks of paint have virtually no effect on the
43. s very little mechanical leverage to move in azimuth when the tube is in a near vertical position To gain more lever age try grasping the tube close to the altitude side bearings with both hands Remember that objects appear to move across the field of view faster at higher magnifications This is because the field of view becomes narrower Eyepiece Selection By using eyepieces of varying focal lengths it is possible to attain many magnifications with the SkyQuest XT The tele scope comes with one high quality Sirius Plossl eyepiece a 25mm which gives a magnification of 48x Other eyepieces can be used to achieve higher or lower powers It is quite com mon for an observer to own five or more eyepieces to access a wide range of magnifications This allows the observer to choose the best eyepiece to use depending on the object being viewed Whatever you choose to view always start by inserting your lowest power longest focal length eyepiece to locate and center the object Low magnification yields a wide field of view which shows a larger area of sky in the eyepiece This makes acquiring and centering an object much easier If you try to find and center objects with high power narrow field of view it s like trying to find a needle in a haystack Once you ve centered the object in the eyepiece you can switch to higher magnification shorter focal length eyepiece if you wish This is especially recommended for small and brig
44. so it goes all the way into the top baseplate The nylon bushing should be flush with the top surface of the top baseplate 6 Insert the T nut K into the center hole of the ground base plate A so the nut s flanged top is on the same side of the baseplate as the Teflon pads Thread the large hex head bolt G with a 3 8 washer F attached up through the ground baseplate and through the T nut until it is tight Now position the top baseplate D with side panels attached over the ground baseplate and lower it so the bolt goes through the nylon spacer in the center hole of the top baseplate Now thread the remaining 3 8 washer H and lock nut I onto the bolts shaft You might need to hold the bolts head in place with another crescent wrench or pliers Tighten the lock nut with the wrench just enough to allow a slight separation of the top and bottom baseplates when the mount is lifted The purpose of the lock nut is merely to keep the two baseplates from coming apart when moving the telescope Note Overtightening the lock nut I will make the mount difficult to rotate in the azimuthal horizontal direction 7 Attach the handle J to the front brace B with the two black socket head screws Insert the screws through the handle and into the predrilled holes Place the 5 16 wash ers and 5 16 nuts on the protruding ends of the screws Tighten the nuts with a crescent wrench while holding the bolts stationary with the 6mm hex k
45. y tighten ing the thumbscrew The assembly of your SkyQuest Dobsonian is now complete It should appear as in Figure 1 The dust cover on the front of the telescope should always remain in place when the tele scope is not in use It is also a good idea to store eyepieces in an eyepiece case and to replace the cover cap on the focuser when the telescope is idle 3 Using Your Telescope It is best to get a feel for the basic functions of the SkyQuest Dobsonian during the day before observing astronomical objects at night This way you will not have to fumble around 2 eyepiece adapter 1 25 eyepiece adapter Focus lock thumbscrew Figure 10 The 2 Crayford focuser XT8 and XT10 trying to orient yourself in the dark Find a spot outdoors where you have plenty of room to move around the telescope and where you have a clear view of some object or vista that is at least 1 4 mile away It is not critical that the base be exactly level but it should be placed on somewhat flat ground or pave ment to ensure smooth movement of the telescope Remember never point the telescope at or near the Sun without using a proper solar filter over the front aperture Altitude and Azimuth The Dobsonian base of the SkyQuest permits motion of the telescope along two axes altitude up down and azimuth left right Figure 9 This is very convenient since up down and left right are the most natural ways that people aim As a result
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