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IBM SC41-5420-04 User's Manual

1. Delimiter Meaning semicolon Indicates the beginning of a comment The text following the semicolon is a comment and is not part of the host table NET A keyword introducing a network entry GATEWAY A keyword introducing a gateway entry HOST A keyword introducing a host entry colon A field delimiter two colons Indicates a null field comma A data element delimiter Notes 1 If any line in the NIC table contains a semicolon as the first column value then that line is not merged into the server host table 2 These entries are not merged into the server host table Host Table Information with AS400 Files The AS400 file format is the format of the local server host table file used by iSeries TCP IP directly The name of the file is QATOCHOST with member HOSTS in library QUSRSYS A single record contains an Internet address up to four host domain names and a text description field For more details regarding record and file formats use the DSPFFD Display File Field Description command This file can be exchanged between iSeries servers However there is no function to convert from AS400 to AIX or NIC format Tips for Merging Host Tables A maximum of four host names per IP address is allowed when host tables are merged For example if the local host table already has three host names and the physical file member to be merged has two additional host names only the first host nam
2. Network E lt RBAEES10 0 Figure 47 Multihoming Single Host Single Network Single Line Example Multiple Hosts on the Same Network over the Same Communications Line Your server uses one adapter for TCP IP to attach to a LAN or WAN network You add multiple TCP IP interfaces Each of these TCP IP interfaces includes an Internet address of the same TCP IP network With these multiple Internet addresses your server appears as multiple hosts in a single TCP IP network This can be a migration scenario AS 400 Multiple IP Addresses gn Single L TCP IP i Network E T RBAEE511 0 Figure 48 Multihoming Multiple Hosts Single Network Single Line Example Multiple Hosts on the Same Network over Multiple Communications Lines Your server uses more than one adapter for TCP IP to attach to the same LAN or WAN network You add multiple TCP IP interfaces At least one interface is assigned to each adapter line description Each of these TCP IP interfaces includes an Internet address of the same TCP IP networks With these multiple Internet Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 57 addresses your server appears as multiple TCP IP hosts in the same TCP IP network AS 400 Multiple IP Addresses S T RBAEE512 0 Figure 49 Multihoming Multiple Hosts Single Network Multiple Lines This scenario
3. server iSeries TCP IP Configuration and Reference Version 5 SC41 5420 04 Note Before using this information and the product it supports be sure to read the information in Fifth Edition May 2001 This edition replaces SC41 5420 03 This edition applies only to reduced instruction set computer RISC systems Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1997 2001 All rights reserved US Government Users Restricted Rights Use duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp Contents About TCP IP Configuration and Reference SC41 5420 Prerequisite and related information Operations Navigator How to send your comments Summary of changes Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP What you need to know before you can configure TCP IP Planning for TCP IP Tnstallation snd Configuration Gathering Information About your Network TCP IP Planning Checklists Line Description Parameters Checklist Local TCP IP Host Information Checklist Installing the TCP IP Application Programs Using the TCP IP Administration Menu Using the Configure TCP IP Menu Configuring TCP IP using the EZ Setup Wizard Configuring TCP IP using the Command Line Interface 2 Step 1 Configuring a Lifts Description Step 2 Configuring a TCP IP Interface Step 3 Configuring TCP IP Routes Step 4 Configuring TCP IP attributes Step 5 Configuring TCP I
4. Connection type Logical channel identifier Logical channel type wz PVC permanent virtual circuit controller Ee Local network address Physical interface type Packet size Window size GG W Attached workstation controller Note R means the parameter is required O means OS 400 suggests a default value Local TCP IP Host Information Checklist Table 2 Local TCP IP Host Information Interfaces to Local TCP IP Networks Interface 1 Interface 2 Interface 3 Internet address Line description name Subnet mask Interface MTU Local host name Local domain name Domain name server Internet address Default route next hop Internet address IP datagram forwarding yes or no Explicit Route s to Remote TCP IP Networks Route 1 Route 2 Route 3 Internet address Subnet mask Next hop Internet address MTU size Local Host Tabl Internet address e Entries Remote TCP IP Hosts Host Name 1 Host Name 2 Host Name 3 4 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Table 2 Local TCP IP Host Information continued X 25 Remote System Information Host 1 Host 2 Host 3 Internet address X 25 network address PVC channel ID Packet or window size Once you h
5. m Do you need to add routes at all If you have several individual networks to which the server is not directly attached you must add routing entries to allow the server to reach these remote networks If your server is attached to a single network and if there are no IP routers in your network you do not need to add routes To reach remote networks at least one routing entry is required If no routing entries are manually added your server cannot reach systems that are not on the 12 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 same network that the server is attached to You must also add routing entries to allow TCP IP clients that are attempting to reach your server from a remote network to function correctly For example suppose that someone using a PC is using the TELNET application to start a remote terminal session on your server The application on the PC must know the route or path to reach the server Your server must also be able to determine the route back to the PC If the PC and your server are not on the same network a routing entry must exist on the PC and on your server Note You should plan to have the routing table defined so that there is always an entry for at least one default route DFTROUTE If there is no match on any other entry in the routing table data is sent to the IP router specified by the first available default route entry The only exception to this is if you intend to dial out over
6. 36 36 37 38 40 41 42 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 Eo 51 ol s52 52 52 53 s 53 83 OB 208 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 57 58 58 59 60 61 61 62 63 c 65 67 iii IP Multicasting 68 Multicast Application Programming infomation 68 Multicast Restrictions Chapter 3 TCP IP Performance BASE Pool Size TCP IP Jobs TEP TCP IP Protocol Support Provided by IOP Merge Host Table Performance 68 a 71 Fl al 71 79 Running TCP IP Only Performance Considerations 73 Appendix A Configuring a Physical Line for TCP IP Communication Configuration Steps Creating the Line Description Line Description Name Source Service Access Point Setting the Maximum Transmission Unit Determining the Maximum Size of Datagrams Appendix B TCP IP eee Exit Points and Programs TCP IP Exit Points and Exit Programs OS 400 Registration Facility iv OS 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 75 76 76 76 76 77 77 79 79 80 TCP IP Application Exit Points Creating Exit Programs Adding Your Exit Raa to ihe Registration Facility Step 1 Select yout exit point lt Step 2 Select the Add Exit Program option Step 3 Add your exit program Removing Exit Programs Exit Point Interfaces for TCP IP Application Exit Points P TCP IP Application Req
7. 90 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 If the Qshell Interpreter option of OS 400 is not installed the REXEC client receives in the stdout stream a REXEC protocol diagnostic message that says Qshell interpreter not installed e When you set the Command processor identifier parameter to 1 or 2 The server maps the REXEC stdin stderr and stdout streams to file descriptors 0 1 and 2 respectively The server sets the QIBM_USE_DESCRIPTOR_STDIO environment variable to Y Any other environment variables that the exit program sets are inherited by the child job If you set the Command processor identifier parameter to 2 and the command string is not a valid path name for the spawn API the message Incorrect command or path name specified is returned to the REXEC client in the stderr stream Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 91 92 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Notices This information was developed for products and services offered in the U S A IBM may not offer the products services or features discussed in this document in other countries Consult your local IBM representative for information on the products and services currently available in your area Any reference to an IBM product program or service is not intended to state or imply that only that IBM product program or service may be used Any functionally equivalent product program or serv
8. Option 10 Work with TCP IP host table entries Select this option to add host IP addresses and their associated host names to the host table or to display change print rename or remove items that you have already added Option 11 Merge TCP IP host table Select this option to merge or replace a local host table by using the Merge TCP IP Host Table MRGTCPHT command Option 12 Change TCP IP domain information Select this option to change TCP IP domain information Note Prior to Version 4 Release 2 the Configure TCP IP menu contained both an option 12 and an option 13 In Version 4 Release 2 the functions of options 12 and 13 were combined and option 13 Change Remote name 8 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 server was removed from the menu Option 12 formerly Change local domain and host names was renamed to Change TCP IP domain information e Option 20 Configure TCP IP applications Select this option to configure the TCP IP applications that are installed on your system The list of applications varies depending on whether the TCP IP licensed program is installed on your system If the TCP IP licensed program is not installed on your system you can configure only the following server applications Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP server Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP server Route Daemon RouteD If the TCP IP licensed program is installed on your
9. Remote host name lt s s css mose cme eso e 2 drfun rchland ibm com Remote internet addreSS s 3 s s soe s w eei 9 5 15 134 Remate port ecm sche a con cake tery sc coy cima arise 1025 Local host name s s one s e a ora a s i Sysnam04 endicott ibm gt Local internet address o e acon RT 9 125 87 143 Locali port s o e s ie e m e a a a telnet Associated user profile s s s s lt 6 2 so OTCP TCP programming interface information KT RT A E Established Connection open type sos s s oo e w o moe o w d Passive Timing information Tp eEG s seee m a else eile cee Ge a ee es 00000 0000 381 Last activity date time s mo s p o m uoe m S 05 25 94 14 38 11 Round trip time s s s s s esos Ge Re we a 8 133 Round trip variance a ea ee ce a Goes ee 016 More Press Enter to continue F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print F10 Display IP options F12 Cancel F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field CSE Figure 41 Display TCP IP Connection Status Display 1 of 3 48 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Display TCP Connection Status System SYSNAMO4 Bytes out etn eine mac tye cuk cut emerche crear A 57692 Outgoing bytes buffered s gt sa s ss srami 0 User sendi next 20 cr fais ccc a Ae wee ceans bape 3270868150 Send Next 2 5 ks wile Ge Sp es Ses SP ees A 3270868150 Send unacknowledged 2 2 3270868150 Outgoing push number s e ses aoa fo ee es ee 3270868149 Qutgoing rgency number s s sa w
10. SYSNAMO4 Interface internet address s e om ooro s ws we ef 10 5 5 55 Host Group Hardware Address Host Group Hardware Address 224 0 0 1 01 00 5E 00 00 01 225 4 5 6 01 00 5E 04 05 06 233 32 40 51 01 00 5E 20 28 33 224 0 0 9 01 00 5E 00 00 09 229 200 100 1 01 00 5E 48 64 01 Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print F9 Command line F11 Hide hardware address F12 Cancel Boe D4 Figure 34 Display Multicast Host Groups Displaying TCP IP Interfaces To display more detailed information about the TCP IP interface status for specific interfaces 1 On the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display type 5 in the option field for each interface about which you want more information 2 Press the Enter key If you requested status for a token ring interface the information displays as shown in If you have requested interface status information for more than one interface press the Enter key to view the remaining displays Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 43 Display TCP IP Interface Status System SYSNAMO4 Interface host name s s e s ewe sei Sysnam04 endicott ibm gt Internet address so sas se ee anoe IR S bnetamaS k ea a a a eu vee oy Peasy sence vemveuens 255 255 255 0 Network address ss s m aa e e eit ee ww eS 9 125 87 0 HGSitsaddresss es ov veces seman a temrson cist eens 0 0 0 10 Directed broadcast address 9 12587 255 Intenfacesstatus u sty sis a
11. Connection command 27 W wireless LAN 2 Work with Registration Information WRKREGINF command 81 work with TCP IP connection status 38 Work with TCP IP Network Status WRKTCPSTS command 33 WRKREGINF Work with Registration Information command 81 WRKTCPSTS Work with TCP IP Network Status command 33 X X 25 configuring X 25 remote system information 16 100 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Printed in the United States of America G on recycled paper containing 10 recovered post consumer fiber C41 5420 04
12. Select the add option by typing a 1 Add in the Opt column as shown in C S Work with Exit Programs Exit point QIBM_QTMT_WSG Format QAPP0100 Type options press Enter l Add 4 Remove 5 Display 10 Replace Exit Program Exit Opt Number Program Library 1 No exit programs found Figure 66 Adding an Exit Program Display 2 Step 3 Add your exit program Fill in the exit aa information as shown in Figure 67 on page 84 and then press enter Notes 1 You can bypass Steps 1 and 2 by using the Add Exit Program ADDEXITPGM command 2 You must set the Program number parameter of the Add Exit Program ADDEXITPGM command to 1 when adding exit programs to FTP exit points 3 When you add exit programs for FTP clients these programs take effect as soon as you start additional sessions Changes do not affect client sessions that are already running 4 When you add FTP server exit programs end and restart the FTP servers to ensure that all servers are using the exit programs Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 83 When you add workstation gateway server exit programs you do not need to end and restart the workstation gateway server The WSG server checks for the exit program dynamically When you add REXEC server exit programs you do not need to end and restart the REXEC server The REXEC server checks for the exit programs dynamically Add Exit Program ADDEXITPGM Type ch
13. shown in Figure 59 The mapping information is usually accessed with the getservbyname and getservbyport socket functions fs Work with Service Table Entry gt System SYSNAMO3 Type options press Enter 1 Add 4 Remove 5 Display Opt Service Port Protocol echo 7 udp finger 79 tcp finger 79 udp ftp control 21 tcp ftp control 21 udp ftp data 20 tcp ftp data 20 udp gopher 70 tcp gopher 70 udp graphics 41 tcp graphics 41 udp pop3 110 tcp More Parameters for options 1 and 4 or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F6 Print list F9 Retrieve F12 Can F17 Top F18 Bottom Figure 59 Work with Service Table Entry Display The protocol table stores the mapping of protocol names to protocol numbers and protocol numbers to protocol names Socket applications use getprotobyname and getprotobynumber functions to access this table M Work with Protocol Table Entry D System SYSNAMO3 Type options press Enter l Add 4 Remove 5 Display Protocol Opt Protocol number icmp 1 S ip 0 a tcp 6 G udp 17 Bottom Parameters for options 1 and 4 or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F6 Print list F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel Fl7 Top F18 Bottom Figure 60 Work with Protocol Table Entry Display 66 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 The network table contains the networks and the Internet address associated with the network Socket applications use the getnetbyname and_
14. 1954 telnet QTCP 48583 815 9 5 1 180 1211 telnet QTCP 32319 4704 9 5 15 134 1024 telnet QTCP 403415 226141 9 5 15 141 1027 telnet QTCP 3831 236 9 130 38 18 2099 telnet QTcP 509788 15394 9 130 38 74 1125 telnet QTCP 680 34 More F5 Refresh F11l Display connection type F13 Sort by column F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field F24 More keys Q J Figure 30 Work with TCP IP Connection Status Display 2 of 3 Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 39 fg Work with TCP IP Connection Status System SYSNAMO4 Local internet address w soo a ee ee ai ALL Type options press Enter 4 End 5 Display details Remote Remote Local Local Opt Address Port Address Port Type N ftp con gt TCP telnet TCP telnet TCP Ipd TCP 9 125 87 222 1070 TCP 9 5 1 131 1954 9 125 87 10 telnet TCP 9 5 1 180 1211 9 125 87 10 telnet TCP 9 5 15 134 1024 9 125 87 10 telnet TCP 9 130 38 18 2099 9 125 87 222 telnet TCP 9 130 38 74 1125 9 125 87 10 telnet TCP 9 130 38 74 1126 9 125 87 222 telnet TCP More F5 Refresh F1l Display connection state F13 Sort by column F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field F24 More keys ee E Figure 31 Work with TCP IP Connection Status Display 3 of 3 Ending TCP IP Connections TCP IP connections and User Datagram Protocol UDP sockets can be ended from the Work with TCP IP Connection Status display To do so 1 Type 4 in the
15. 26 End TCP IP Connections ENDTCPCNN 41 ENDTCP End TCP IP 26 ENDTCPCNN End TCP IP Connections 41 Remove Exit Program RMVEXITPGM 84 RMVEXITPGM Remove Exit Program 84 Start TCP IP STRTCP 24 STRTCP Start TCP IP 24 Verify TCP IP Connection VFYTCPCNN 27 VFYTCPCNN Verify TCP IP Connection 27 Work with Registration Information WRKREGINF 81 Work with TCP IP Network Status WRKTCPSTS 33 WRKREGINF Work with Registration Information 81 WRKTCPSTS Work with TCP IP Network Status 33 command TCP IP Network Status NETSTAT 33 Packet Internet Groper PING 27 command processing selection exit point interface 89 Configure TCP IP CFGTCP command 7 configuring Configure TCP IP menu 7 default routes 15 host table 18 interface 10 IP datagram forwarding 16 line 10 line description 76 local domain and host name 22 maximum transmission unit MTU 13 configuring continued multiple network example 2 multiple systems 53 next hop 12 planning for X 25 2 ports 62 remote system X 25 information 16 routes 12 single network example 9 subnet mask 12 TCP IP Administration menu 2 TCP IP attributes 16 TCP IP interfaces 10 TCP IP menu 7 connection display TCP IP connections 48 displaying totals 49 End TCP IP Connections ENDTCPCNN command 41 status work with TCP IP connection 38 verify TCP IP connection 27 connection oriented sockets SOCK STREAM 68 connection type Ethernet 10 fiber distributed data interface F
16. 65535 the server uses the default CCSID of the job Required Parameter Group User profile INPUT CHAR 10 The user profile under which the requested operation is run Remote IP address INPUT CHAR The Internet Protocol IP address of the REXEC client system This string is in dotted decimal format left justified Length of remote IP address INPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the length in bytes of the remote IP address Command string INPUT CHAR The command to be run as specified by the REXEC client Length of command string INPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the length in bytes of the command string Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 89 Command processor identifier OUTPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the command processor that you want the server to use for interpreting and running the command The following values are valid 0 iSeries Control Language The server processes the command as an iSeries control language CL command This is the default value 1 Qshell command The Qshell command interpreter processes the command The server uses the spawn application program interface API to call QShell as a child job 2 Spawn path name The server treats the command name as a path name and passes it to the spawn application program interface API which runs as a child job Character conversion option OUTPUT BINARY 4 Indicates whether the REXEC server performs ASCII EBCDIC character conversion for
17. FTP client and server subcommands that are associated with each operation identifier Table 11 FTP Client and Server Subcommands Associated with Operation Identifiers Operation Identifier Client Subcommands Server Subcommands 0 Initialize Session OPEN new connection 1 Create Directory Library MKD XMKD 2 Delete directory library RMD XRMD 3 Set current directory LCD CWD CDUP XCWD XCUP 4 List directory library LIST NLIST 5 Delete files DELE 6 Send files APPEND PUT MPUT RETR 7 Receive files GET MGET APPE STOR STOU 8 Rename files RNFR RNTO 9 Execute CL commands SYSCMD4 RCMD ADDM ADDYV CRTL CRTP CRTS DLTF DLTL Notes 1 The exit program is called with this operation identifier each time the FTP server receives a connection request 2 For the MGET and MPUT subcommands the exit program is called once for each file that is sent or retrieved 3 If an exit program is associated with exit point QI BM_QTMF_CLIENT_REQ the F21 CL command line key is disabled and the user must use the System Command SYSCMD subcommand to run a CL command The following notes apply to the REXEC server application identifier 2 1 The only valid values for the operation identifier are 0 and 9 2 If the returned Allow operation output parameter is not valid the REXEC server will not allow the operation and the message Data from exit program for exit point amp 1
18. IOP the 2838 must be the only input output adapter IOA IOA on the IOP Chapter 3 TCP IP Performance 73 If you have one of these configurations you can use the TCPONLY parameter when you create or change your Ethernet line descriptions Setting TCPONLY to YES in other hardware configurations has no effect on the line 74 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Appendix A Configuring a Physical Line for TCP IP Communication On the iSeries 400 communication occurs through objects called lines controllers and devices The communications objects for iSeries TCP IP are the line descriptions the network controller descriptions and the network device descriptions TCP IP communicates over a variety of physical line types and network interfaces NWI The command that defines the characteristics of the physical line connection or network interface depends on the type of communications adapter as shown in Table 8 Line Types and Network Interfaces Supported by TCP IP Line type Configuration command Asynchronous Create Line Description Async CRTLINASC See Lind http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5r1 ic2924 info rzaiy rzaiylinkline htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information DDI Create Line Description DDI Network CRTLINDDI Ethernet Create Line Descripti
19. IP from a central site Working with the host table would be time consuming if each system is individually updated with the TCP IP configuration menu Updates can be made more quickly on one system and then copied to others iSeries TCP IP is designed to protect configuration files including the host table You cannot change the host table file unless you use the Configure TCP IP menu or the MRGTCPHT ADDTCPHTE RNMTCPHTE CHGTCPHTE or RMVTCPHTE commands However you can still import and use a host table from a central site by using the MRGTCPHT command The following host table file types can be imported and merged with the server host table e Host table type AS400 generated by iSeries TCP IP Version 3 Release 1 Modification 0 V3R1MO or later e Host table type AIX generated by iSeries TCP IP Version 3 Release 0 Modification 5 V3ROM5 Version 2 Release 3 V2R3 or earlier or many other IBM and non IBM systems e Host table type NIC host table format used by public domain systems You can merge or replace the local server host table with the imported host table The name of the database file containing the local host table is QATOCHOST with member HOSTS in library QUSRSYS This file is used directly by iSeries TCP IP no conversion into an internal version takes place Host File Formats If you receive a host file and want to use it on your system the MRGTCPHT Merge TCP IP Host Table command allows you to specify which format
20. MACIAN _ 9 4 191 76 DNS ONT 8 7 127 SYSNAMEND ENDICOTT IBM COM POON LOOPBACK LOCALHOST N P Figure 14 Example of a Fully Qualified Host Table Entry Additional host names are useful as alternative nicknames See the examples in Host names need not be unique When searching the host table with a duplicate host name the result is random However IP addresses have to be unique The uniqueness of the IP address is enforced at the time you try to add a new entry to the host table Note An IP address cannot be used as a host name ia Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries D System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 7 Rename Internet Host Opt Address Name 9 4 73 211 BERN S 9 4 73 212 SYSNAM890 M03 F25 MYSYSTEM 9 4 73 214 MACIAN E 9 4 191 76 DNS E 9 4 73 198 SYSNAMRS Se J Figure 15 Multiple Host Names To remove one of the additional host names select option 2 to change the selected host table entry Type BLANK over the host name to remove it Note The fully qualified host name is used when sending mail between two TCP IP hosts Notice in the example that the name of server SYSNAM890 is in the host table too There are several reasons to put your host name in the host table e You may want to use your host name when using FTP TELNET or PING to test your own system s configuration Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 21 e Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMT
21. TCP IP Connection PING S Type choices press Enter Remote system s a 6 6 es te sysnam36 sysnam123 ibm com Remote internet address Additional Parameters Message mode Response message detail VERBOSE VERBOSE QUIET Summary if response errors COMP COMP ESCAPE Packet length in bytes 256 8 512 Number of packets 5 1 999 Wait time in seconds T 1 120 Local internet address xANY Type of Service ss se esas xNORMAL MINDELAY MAXTHRPUT TP U 9 R ce tsar nares T DFT 1 255 DFT More F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys J Figure 21 Verify TCP IP Connection Additional Parameters Verifying TCP IP Connections with Host Name Example In this example sending five packets of 256 bytes each verifies the connection to the remote system SYSNAM36 The local system waits 1 second for a response to each packet that is sent Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 29 A Verify TCP IP Connection PING D Type choices press Enter Remote system oa o soa e 9 gt SYSNAM36 SYSNAM123 IBM COM Additional Parameters Message mode Response message detail VERBOSE VERBOSE QUIET Summary if response errors COMP COMP ESCAPE Packet length in bytes 256 8 512 Number of packets 5 1 999 Wait time in seconds 1 1 120 Local internet address ANY Type Of Service a sr io cs es Onl NORMAL MINDELAY MAXTHRPUT
22. a SLIP link to an Internet Service Provider or another remote host Before adding routing entries familiarize yourself with the following terms Route destination The network ID portion of an Internet address The network ID portion is composed of the first byte the first two bytes or the first three bytes of the Internet address depending on the network class The remaining bytes define the host ID portion of the Internet address If subnetting is used route destination includes the subnet part as well In other words the route destination equals the address of a TCP IP network to be reached Subnet mask A bit mask that defines which part of an Internet address forms the network and the subnetwork The technique known as subnet addressing subnet routing or subnetting allows a single network ID to be used on multiple physical networks This technique lets you define separate routes to different sets of Internet addresses within a specific network Next hop The Internet address of the first system in the route between your system and the destination network The next hop value is always an Internet address Next hops need to be hosts on a directly connected TCP IP network defined by the TCP IP interfaces Maximum Transmission Unit MTU size The maximum size in bytes of IP datagrams sent on a route If you specify IFC the size is calculated for you based on values found in the server line description The maximum size speci
23. amp NORMAL MINDELAY MAXTHRPUT Nextahop a Sate 2 es ren a te cache gt 9 4 73 193 Preferred binding interface NONE Maximum transmission unit 576 5576 16388 IFC Route metric e e la a se ae 1 1 16 Route redistribution NO NO YES Duplicate route priority 5 1 10 Bottom F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys yy Figure 6 Add TCP IP Routes Display Note Any changes that you make to the routing information take effect immediately Y Work with TCP IP Routes D Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display Route Subnet Next Preferred Opt Destination Mask Hop Interface D DFTROUTE NONE 9 4 73 193 NONE E 9 4 6 128 255 255 255 128 9 4 73 193 sc E Figure 7 Work with TCP IP Routes Display Multiple Default Routes Default routes are used to route data that is being addressed to a remote destination and that does not have a specific route defined Default routes are based on the availability of the next hop router and the type of service TOS If no specific TOS is requested the first available default route with TOS of NORMAL is used If a default route is not defined only the networks explicitly defined by any non default routes appear as though TCP IP can reach them and datagrams bound for any undefined networks are not sent Note A default route cannot have a subnetwork therefore you must leave the subnet
24. applications requesting host data obtain it either from the server host database file or from the domain name server The service table contains a list of services and the specific port and protocol a services uses The protocol table contains a list of protocols used in the TCP IP network The network table contains a list of networks and the corresponding Internet addresses UNIX systems traditionally store this information in the following files e etc hosts host table e etc protocols protocol table e etc services service table e etc networks network table iSeries TCP IP maintains the service protocol and network tables as database files iSeries TCP IP refers to these three tables as related tables To configure or view the protocol services or network tables select option 21 Configure Related Tables on the Configure TCP IP menu You are shown the display in S Configure Related Tables D System SYSNAM0O3 Select one of the following 1 Work with service table entry 2 Work with protocol table entry 3 Work with network table entry Selection or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel Figure 58 Configure Related Tables Menu You can change the services protocols and network files using the options from this display Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 65 The services table stores the mapping of services to ports or ports to services as
25. interface adapter FDDI 2665 Shielded distributed data interface adapter SDDI 2666 High speed communication adapter that is running frame relay only 2668 iSeries wireless LAN adapter Note You can get the same function without using one of the above IOP adapters done instead at a higher level in the system SLIC When you use the X 25 protocol you do not gain the advantage of the TCP IP assist function The TCP IP assist functions are also available on the following LAN IOAs and ATM IOAs 2723 PCI Ethernet IOA 2724 PCI Token Ring IOA 2838 PCI 100 10 Mbps Ethernet IOA 6149 16 4 Mbps Token Ring IOA 2811 PCI 25 Mbps UTP ATM IOA 2812 PCI 45 Mbps Coax T3 DS3 ATM IOA 2813 PCI 155 Mbps MMF ATM IOA 2814 PCI 100 Mbps MMF ATM IOA 2815 PCI 155 Mbps UTP 0C3 ATM IOA 2816 PCI 155 Mbps MMF ATM IOA 2818 PCI 155 Mbps SMF 0C3 IOA 2819 PCI 34 Mbps Coax E3 ATM IOA 72 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 l Note If you configure your 100 Mbps ethernet line for TCPONLY all IOP assist l functions are disabled TCP IP assist functions that are available on frame relay IOAs are e 2699 Two Line WAN IOA e 2720 PCI WAN Twinaxial IOA e 2721 PCI Two Line WAN IOA Communications restrictions apply if any of the following communication functions are required when using the frame relay IOAs as listed above e X 25 Frame Relay or IPX Protocol e SDLC protocol if used to connect to more than 64 remote sites e
26. is missing or not valid is issued to the job log 88 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 If any exception is encountered when calling the exit program the REXEC server will not allow the operation and the message Exception encountered for REXEC exit program amp 1 in library amp 2 for exit point amp 3 is issued to the job log The following note applies to the TFTP server application identifier 3 1 For the TFTP server program operation identifier 6 indicates the TFTP Read Request RRQ operation operation code 7 indicates the TFTP Write Request WRQ operation Remote Execution Server Command Processing Selection Exit Point The REXEC server command processing selection exit program enables you to select e Which command processor runs the command that the REXEC client user provides e Whether the REXEC server converts data between ASCII and EBCDIC for Qshell commands or spawn path names Required Parameter Group 1 User profile Input Char 10 2 Remote IP address Input Char 3 Length of remote IP address Input Binary 4 4 Command string Input Char 5 Length of command string Input Binary 4 6 Command processor identifier Output Binary 4 7 Character conversion option Output Binary 4 Exit Point Name QIBM_QTMF_SVR_SELECT Exit Point Format Name RXCS0100 Note Character data passes to the exit program in the coded character set identifier CCSID of the job If the job CCSID is
27. lists the exit points provided for each TCP IP application Note If using Distributed Data Management DDM see the DDMACC parameter on CHGNETACMD in http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5r1 ic2924 info rbam6 rbam6clmain htm for more information If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Table 9 TCP IP Application Exit Points TCP IP Application Exit Point Exit Point Format FTP Client QIBM_OQTMF_CLIENT_REQ VLRQ0100 see page b FTP Server QIBM_QTMF_SERVER_REQ VLRQ0100 see page B3 FTP Server QIBM_QTMF_SVR_LOGON TCPL0100 or TCP0200 REXEC Server QIBM_OQTMX_SERVER_REQ VLRQO100 see page b3 REXEC Server QIBM_QTMF_SVR_LOGON TCPL0100 REXEC Server QIBM_QTMF_SVR_SELECT RXCS0100 see page TFTP Server QIBM_QTOD_SERVER_REQ VLRQ0100 see page Is Workstation gateway WSG QIBM_QTMT_WSG QAPP0100 server DHCP Server QIBM_QTOD_DHCP_REQ DHCV0100 DHCP Server QIBM_OQTOD_DHCP_ABND DHCAO0100 DHCP Server QIBM_QTOD_DHCP_ARLS DHCRO0100 TELNET Server QIBM_OTG_DEVINIT INIT0100 TELNET Server QIBM_OQTG_DEVTERM TERMO0100 80 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Table 9 TCP IP Application Exit Points continued TCP IP Application Exit Point Exit Point Format Note 1 The same interface format is used for request validation for the FTP clie
28. number of items associated with it that define how the application runs on the server One of these pieces of information is the routing entry compare value This value identifies which routing entry in a subsystem description is used when this job is submitted By changing that routing entry you can select in which storage pool to run the jobs for a particular application For information on compare http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzaks rzaks1 htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Other items that can be changed or selected on a job description include the job priority the logging level for messages and the initial library list If the storage pool that you select to run the TCP IP application jobs in is not large enough excessive paging can occur This directly affects performance on the server and the performance of the applications TCP IP Protocol Support Provided by IOP iSeries TCP IP protocol support runs down in the AS 400 System Licensed Internal Code at the same level as LU 6 2 and APPN One of the goals of integrating TCP IP into the AS 400 System Licensed Internal Code is to provide performance and capacity comparable to APPC Further moving some functions that are normally done by the TCP IP software into the IOP reduces interactions between the system and the input o
29. option field for the lines containing the connections that you want to end 2 Press the Enter key The Confirm End of TCP IP Connections displays is then presented as shown in 40 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Confirm End of TCP IP Connections System SYSNAMO4 local internet address s s e s m e ee we ee ALL Press Enter to confirm your choices for 4 End Press F12 to return to change your choices Remote Remote Local Local Opt Address Port Address Port Type 4 9 5 15 134 1024 9 125 87 10 telnet TCP Bottom Fll Display connection state F12 Cancel F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field i Y Figure 32 Confirm End of TCP IP Connections To end the TCP IP connections press the Enter key from the Confirm End of TCP IP Connections display If you decide not to end a TCP IP connection or if you want to change your choices press F12 Cancel Working with Configuration Status To work with the line description used by an interface 1 On the Work with TCP IP Interface Status menu type 12 in the option field for each interface that you want to work with 2 Press the Enter key This option issues the WRKCFGSTS Work with Configuration Status command for the line description associated with the interface Using the options shown in you can vary a line description on or off display the Work with Job menu and display the line description or mode status This option cannot be used f
30. options on the Configure TCP IP menu You can use only one or a combination of all three to obtain the host name processing you need for your network The three options on the Configure TCP IP menu related to Internet address mappings are 1 Option 10 Work with TCP IP host table entries to create your own host table The Work with Host Table Entries display is shown in E 2 Option 11 Merge TCP IP host table to merge or convert a host table sent from another system For more information about merging and converting host tables see 3 Option 12 Change TCP IP domain information to call the following new command CHGTCPDMN Note You can start TCP IP client functions such as FTP by specifying the Internet address directly without using the host table Adding an Entry to the Host Table The Add TCP IP Host Table Entry display provides fields for an Internet address associated host name and an optional text description 18 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 To add an entry to your local host table type option 10 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries display is shown in Y Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries D System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 7 Rename Internet Host Opt Address Name 127 0 0 1 LOOPBACK LOCALHOST C S Figure 11 Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries Display Note Just as iSeries TCP IP automatically create
31. program is added to the exit point it is called by the TCP IP application to validate the requested action specified by the operation identifier and other input parameters in the required parameter group The exit program sets the output parameter Allow operation to indicate if the TCP IP application is to perform the operation Note All character data passed to the exit program is in the coded character set ID CCSID of the job or if the job CCSID is 65535 the default CCSID of the job Required Parameter Group Application identifier INPUT BINARY 4 Identifies the application program from which the request is being made The valid values are as follows 0 FTP client program 1 FTP server program 2 REXEC server program Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 85 3 TFTP server program Operation identifier INPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the operation that the user is attempting to perform When the application identifier indicates the FTP client or FTP server program the valid values are as follows 0 Session initialization Directory library creation Directory library deletion Set current directory List files File deletion Sending file Receiving file Renaming file Co monn OAU A WO N a Execute CL command When the application identifier indicates the REXEC server program valid values are as follows 0 Session initialization 9 Perform CL command When the application identifier indicated th
32. seconds for connection verification 1 No response from host within 1 seconds for connection verification 2 No response from host within 1 seconds for connection verification 3 No response from host within 1 seconds for connection verification 4 No response from host within 1 seconds for connection verification 5 Connection verification statistics 0 of 5 successful 0 Bottom a Figure 19 Unsuccessful PING Messages Note A datagram sent by TCP or UDP to a system with the name LOOPBACK does not actually leave the system The IP layer instead returns the datagram to the TCP or UDP layer from which it came The other layers then treat the datagram as a normal incoming datagram The LOOPBACK host name can be used with any TCP IP command requiring a system name such as PING or FTP or any TCP or UDP application including user written applications Using the LOOPBACK default host name provides an ability to test TCP IP applications without actually connecting to a physical network The server defines LOOPBACK as the default host name by automatically creating an entry in the local host table Verifying Additional TCP IP Connections Once TCP IP is configured on the iSeries and the initial connection is verified you will probably want to add more systems to your network When you connect Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 27 additional systems to your network you also need to verify their TCP IP connection The examples in the fol
33. successful host table merge 53 using X 25 permanent virtual circuit PVC 67 verifying connections host name 29 Internet address 30 PING LOOPBACK 26 exit point application 80 description 79 interface 79 programs creating 81 registration facility 80 REXEC server 89 exit point interface 85 application request validation 85 command processing selection 89 exit program 79 89 adding to registration facility 81 application validation 85 description 79 File Transfer Protocol FTP request validation 85 removing from exit point 84 F fiber distributed data interface FDDI 2 File Transfer Protocol FTP exit program 79 85 File Transfer Protocol FTP continued request validation exit program 85 starting to remote system 53 format AIX 51 AS400 51 NIC 51 frame relay 2 FTP File Transfer Protocol exit program 79 85 request validation exit program 85 starting to remote system 53 G gateway processing dead 55 H hops 13 host multihomed 56 host file sending to remote system 53 host information 51 host name configuring 22 definition 22 host table adding entry 18 before using STRTCP command 25 configuring 18 conversion 25 creating 53 displaying 19 duplicate host names 52 listing 19 managing 51 merge file 54 merging 52 more than four host names 52 performance when merging 73 sending host file to remote system 53 sending information 51 sharing with multiple systems 53 socket applications 65 sta
34. system you can configure the following server applications Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP File Transfer Protocol FTP TELNET Post Office Protocol POP Version 3 mail server Line Printer Daemon LPD Remote Execution REXEC server Workstation gateway applications Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP e Option 21 Configure related tables Select this option to configure the tables related to TCP IP These tables are Protocol table Contains a list of protocols used in the Internet Services table Contains a list of services and the specific port and protocol a service uses Network table Contains a list of networks and the corresponding IP addresses for that network e Option 22 Configure point to point TCP IP Select this option to define change or display your TCP IP point to point SLIP configuration Configuring TCP IP using the EZ Setup Wizard If you are setting up a new iSeries use the EZ Setup Wizard to establish a connection and to configure TCP IP for the first time The CD ROM containing the EZ Setup Wizard is packaged with your new iSeries The wizard steps you through a process that will get your iSeries up and running Note If you are unable to use the EZ Setup Wizard you may use the command line interface to configure TCP IP See the next section for these instructions Configuring TCP IP using the Command Line Interface The following steps usi
35. the closest TOS or NORMAL TOS is used You can have DFTROUTE and specific route destination addresses Default routes are used only when data is sent to a remote destination system that does not have Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 61 a specific route defined The system allows up to eight default routes but each route must have a unique next hop value An example of a multiple route table can be found in Figure 54 i Work with TCP IP Routes N System SYSNAM003 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display Route Subnet Next Preferred Opt Destination Mask Hop Interface R DFTROUTE NONE 9 4 73 193 NONE DFTROUTE NONE 9 4 73 197 NONE a DFTROUTE NONE 9 4 73 196 NONE 9 4 70 0 255 255 255 0 9 4 73 194 NONE _ 9 4 70 0 255 255 2550 9 4 73 195 NONE 9 4 70 0 255 255 255 0 9 4 73 198 NONE Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list F10 Work with IP over SNA routes Fll Display type of service F12 Cancel F17 Top F18 Bottom Ne 7 Figure 54 Work with TCP IP Routes Display TCP IP Port Restriction TCP and UDP protocols use ports to identify a unique origin or destination of communication with an application Each port is assigned a small integer You can configure port information if you want to restrict the use of a TCP or UDP port to one or more user IDs The range of port numbers is from 1 to 65535 However ports 0 1023 are reserved as well known port numbers whic
36. the host table on every host in the network A DNS server maintains the host table for an entire TCP IP domain This prevents each single host from having to maintain its own local host table You can configure your server to use both a DNS server and your local host table but they are not mutually exclusive You can also specify whether the domain name server or your local host table is searched first For more information about how the Domain Name System works and how to configure a DNS server see http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5r1 ic2924 info rzakk rzakkkickoff htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 23 Step 8 Starting TCP IP and TCP IP Servers Before any TCP IP services are available on the iSeries system TCP IP processing must be initialized and activated To start TCP IP you have two options 1 Select option 3 from the TCP IP Administration menu GO TCPADM 2 Enter the Start TCP IP STRTCP command The STRTCP command initializes and activates TCP IP processing starts the TCP IP interfaces and starts the TCP IP server jobs Only TCP IP interfaces with AUTOSTART YES are started at STRTCP time Allow a few moments for TCP IP to start and then check to see if the QTCPIP job has started Option 20 of the TCP IP Administration menu allows you to display the jo
37. you are using You can use host information files that are in either the NIC format the AIX format or the AS400 format The record length of the imported host table file is not limited Host Table Information with AIX Files shows the AIX format supported on the server Table 4 AIX Supported on the AS 400 System Delimiter Meaning pound sign Indicates the beginning of a comment The text following the pound sign is a comment and is not part of the host table blank tab Indicates a field delimiter Host Table Information with NIC Files The NIC format is often used by hosts in the public domain A record in a NIC file has the following format HOST 128 12 19 1 Host2 lan ibm com Host2 PC AT DOS TCP IP This entry describes one host at address 128 12 19 1 with two names Host2 lan ibm com and Host2 The host is an IBM Personal Computer AT computer running MS DOS and supporting TCP IP Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 51 A complete description of the NIC format is found in Request for Comment RFC 952 Internet Host Table Specification See the Tae RSET http www rfc editor org rfc html to retrieve this RFC The subset supported on the server is shown in able 4 The NIC continuation characters are not supported because the record length of the file can be up to 512 bytes Table 5 NIC Subset Supported on the AS400 System
38. 003 SVCBOTH 004 SVCBOTH NETADR 40030003 CNNINIT LOCAL TEXT ITSO X 25 Network Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 67 The TCP IP interface now points to a specific PVC instead of a pool of SVCs ADDTCPIFC INTNETADR 9 4 73 65 LIND X25LINE SUBNETMASK 255 255 255 192 PVCLGLCHLI 001 MAXSVC 0 The TCP IP remote system information no longer includes the X 25 address to be called Instead the entry points to the PVC channel ID ADDTCPRSI INTNETADR 9 4 73 66 PVCLGLCHLI 001 IP Multicasting IP multicasting is the process of transmitting an IP datagram to a host group The hosts that are in the group may reside on a single subnet or on different subnets that are connected by multicast capable routers Hosts may join and leave groups at any time There are no restrictions on the location or number of members in a host group For more information about IP multicasting refer to RFC 1112 Host Extensions for IP Multicasting in the REC Editor Sitel http www rfc editor org rfc html Note The server cannot act as a multicast capable router Multicast Application Programming Information An application program can send or receive multicast datagrams by using the Sockets API and connectionless SOCK_DGRAM type sockets Multicasting is a one to many transmission method You cannot use connection oriented sockets of type SOCK_STREAM for multicasting When a socket of type SOCK_DGRAM is c
39. AnyNet Application System 400 APPN AS 400 94 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 AS 400e AT C 400 CICS 400 Client Access CT DB2 Distributed Relational Database Architecture DRDA e Stylized IBM IBM Global Network Integrated Language Environment Intelligent Printer Data Stream IPDS iSeries iSeries 400 Netfinity Network Station OfficeVision OfficeVision 400 Operating System 400 OS 2 OS 400 Print Services Facility Proprinter RISC System 6000 RPG 400 RS 6000 S 390 SecureWay SP System 36 System 38 System 370 System 390 ThinkPad WebExplorer Microsoft Windows Windows NT and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States other countries or both Java and all Java based trademarks and logos are trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc in the United States other countries or both UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States other countries or both and is licensed exclusively through X Open Company Limited Lotus Notes is a registered trademark and Notes and Domino are trademarks of Lotus Development Corporation in the United States other countries or both Other company product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others 96 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Index Special Characters AIX format 51 AS400 format 51 BASE pool size 71 IOSYSCFG author
40. BACK and LOCALHOST The 127 0 0 1 Internet address can be changed CHGTCPHTE and a different one can be added ADDTCPHTE The local table command processing programs ensure that any LOOPBACK host name added or changed in the host table is in the range of 127 0 0 1 to 127 255 255 254 Multiple loopback host table entries are allowed in the server host table You may alter the LOOPBACK host name or add additional host names using the CHGTCPHTE command If the LOOPBACK or LOCALHOST name is changed or removed from the host table the name is not valid unless the domain name server has a LOOPBACK entry that specifies this value as a host name You can define up to four names for each Internet address If the TCP IP host is in your local domain then it is not necessary to qualify the host with the domain name As long as a TCP IP host is in your local domain you need only to enter the host name with the host table entry However if you would like to add TCP IP hosts that are outside of your local domain you need to add these TCP IP hosts as fully qualified The fully qualified host name of SYSNAMEND ENDICOTT IBM COM shows this as an example in Feme ld 20 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 L S Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter 1 Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 7 Rename Internet Host Opt Address Name 2 9F4e7 35211 BERN L 9 4 73 212 SYSNAM890 _ 9 4 73 214
41. CP IP Application Exit Points The exit point interfaces for TCP IP application exit points are e TCP IP application request validation exit point interface e TCP IP remote execution server command processing selection exit point interface Note For a detailed description of the DHCP exit points and how to use them see http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info apis api htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information TCP IP Application Request Validation Exit Point Interface Required Parameter Group 1 Application identifier Input Binary 4 2 Operation identifier Input Binary 4 3 User profile Input Char 10 4 Remote IP address Input Char 5 Length of remote IP address Input Binary 4 6 Operation specific information Input Char 7 Length of operation specific Input Binary 4 information 8 Allow operation Output Binary 4 Exit Point Name QIBM_QTMF_CLIENT_REOQ Exit Point Name QIBM_QTMF_SERVER_ REO Exit Point Name OQIBM_QTMX_SERVER_REQO Exit Point Name QIBM_QTOD_SERVER_REQ Exit Point Format Name VLRQ0100 The TCP IP request validation exit point enables additional control for restricting an operation Any restrictions that are imposed by the exit program are in addition to any validation that is performed by the application program such as normal server object security When an exit
42. CP IP network that your server is directly attached to when you are using an iSeries adapter Manual configuration of the routes that tell TCP IP how to reach the local networks is not required iSeries TCP IP generates these routes automatically from the configuration information for the interfaces every time TCP IP is started In other words the direct route to the network which has an interface attached is automatically created when you add the interface To display all routing entries including direct routes use the Network Status NETSTAT command after starting TCP IP To add a route type option 2 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Work with TCP IP Routes display Eigure 5 is shown fe Work with TCP IP Routes i System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display Route Subnet Next Preferred Opt Destination Mask Hop Interface xDFTROUTE NONE 9 4 73 193 NONE x E Figure 5 Work with TCP IP Routes Display Type option 1 Add at the input capable top list entry on that display to fo to the Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE display as shown in Figure d To go directly to this display type the ADDTCPRTE command on any command line and press F4 14 0 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE N Type choices press Enter Route destination gt 9 4 6 128 Subnet mask s s s sea a es gt 255 255 255 128 Types of service s 2 2 6 6
43. CPTELN command This command is used to start a TELNET client session with a remote system This command is the iSeries version of the TCP IP TELNET command TELNET is also shipped as an iSeries command e Option 11 Send TCP IP spooled file Select this option to issue the Send TCP IP Spooled File SGNDTCPSPLF command This command sends a spooled file to be printed on a remote system The remote system must be running TCP IP The SNDTCPSPLF command is the iSeries version of the TCP IP LPR line printer requester command LPR is also shipped as an iSeries command e Option 20 Work with TCP IP jobs in QSYSWRK subsystem Select this option to work with the status and performance information for the active TCP IP jobs in the QSYSWRK subsystem This option issues the Work with Active Jobs WRKACTJOB command with these parameters WRKACTJOB SBS QSYSWRK JOB QT Using the Configure TCP IP Menu The Configure TCP IP menu is shown here Figure 2 on page 8 so that you are familiar with all of the options available during configuration of the TCP IP network To get to this menu select option 1 on the TCPADM menu or enter the Configure TCP IP CFGTCP command Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 7 a CFGTCP Configure TCP IP System SYSNAM890 Select one of the following Work with TCP IP interfaces Work with TCP IP routes Change TCP IP attributes Work with TCP IP port restrictions Work with TCP IP remote system informat
44. Communications line speeds greater than 64 Kbps and up to 2 048 Mbps for the synchronous data link control SDLC or frame relay protocols bisync is always limited to a maximum of 64 Kbps e Communications line speeds greater than 64 Kbps and up to 640Kbps for X 25 Merge Host Table Performance l You can use the following data to help you plan for and anticipate performance when merging host tables The data represents averages of measurements that are l taken The actual time required on your server will be different Three cases were measured e Small merge merge a 250 record file into the local host table that currently has 50 entries e Medium merge merge a 2000 record file into the local host table that currently has 50 entries e Large merge merge a 5000 record file into the local host table that currently has 50 entries The results of this test are shown in Table 7 Table 7 Merge Host Table Performance Number of records Elapsed time merged Record format min sec CPU percent 250 AIX 0 42 43 7 2000 NIC 5 38 49 4 5000 NIC 13 54 48 6 This data equates to about 6 records per second and about 07 08 processing unit seconds per record Running TCP IP Only Performance Considerations Certain configurations of 2838 10 100 Mbps Ethernet cards allow you to run the IOP with only TCP IP instead of all protocols for better performance You need a 2838 Ethernet card with either e 2810 IOP e 2809
45. DDI 10 frame relay 10 shielded twisted pair distributed data interface SDDI 10 token ring 10 wireless LAN 10 X 25 PVC 10 X 25 SVC 10 converting files 54 Create Controller Description Network CRTCTLNET command 75 Create Device Description Network CRTDEVNET command 75 creating exit point programs 81 line description 76 CRTICTLNET Create Controller Description Network command 75 CRTDEVNET Create Device Description Network command 75 D datagram forwarding 16 datagram size determining the maximum 77 DDI distributed data interface fiber distributed data interface FDDI 2 shielded twisted pair distributed data interface SDDI 2 DDN Defense Data Network conversion algorithm 17 97 dead gateway processing 55 default route adding 15 display TCP IP connections 48 displaying system name and address 19 distributed data interface DDI fiber distributed data interface FDDI 2 shielded twisted pair distributed data interface SDDI 2 domain name 22 E End TCP IP Connections ENDTCPCNN command 41 End TCP IP Interfaces ENDTCPIFC command 36 ending interfaces route to interface binding 36 TCP IP connections 41 ENDTCPCNN End TCP IP Connections command 41 ENDTCPIFC End TCP IP Interfaces command 36 Ethernet SYSGEN default value 76 AA entry 76 Version 2 76 example multihoming 57 58 59 multiple network configuration 2 partly successful host table merge 53 single network configuration 9
46. IP time to live s so each we ee DFT 1 255 DFT More F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys Figure 22 Verifying Connection to Remote System SYS1 Verifying TCP IP Connections with Internet Address Example In this example the connection to the remote system at Internet address 9 4 191 76 is verified using the system defaults for packet length number of packets and wait time C Verify TCP IP Connection PING E Type choices press Enter Remote system s so aoe m e e xintnetadr Remote internet address gt 9 4 191 76 G P4 Figure 23 Verifying Connection to Remote System at Internet Address 9 4 191 76 Step 10 Saving Your TCP IP Configuration To save your TCP IP configuration files use the following command SAVOBJ OBJ QATOC QATM LIB QUSRSYS DEV TAPO1 OBJTYPE FILE The associated line descriptions are not saved with this command Configuration objects are saved with the system To maintain consistency save all TCP IP configuration files together 30 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Note You do not have to end TCP IP in order to save the configuration files However you should end TCP IP before any TCP IP configuration files are restored Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 31 32 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics This chapter dis
47. LY Protocol sre voices cers a e ase ns tcp UDP TCP User profile s lt soe m ee es gerry Character value Bottom F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys 3S E Figure 56 Add TCP IP Port Restriction Display Let us assume we have an application that uses Port 1060 in the TCP layer and we want to restrict its use to user profile GERRY Type the information as shown in Figure 57 shows what the display looks like after you enter port information for both user profiles PAOLO and GERRY Changes to the port restrictions take effect immediately However applications that are already active are not affected until they are restarted TT ELM ETE ACRE SID RIES ITE Work with TCP IP Port Restrictions System SYSNAMO3 Type options press Enter 1 Add 4 Remove Port Range User Opt Lower Upper Protocol Profile E ONLY 1050 1059 TCP PAOLO 1060 ONLY TCP GERRY Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list F12 Cancel Fl7 Top F18 Bottom NE A Figure 57 Work with TCP IP Port Restrictions Display 64 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Related Tables and the Host Table Socket applications require a set of tables from which they can retrieve specific TCP IP network data when needed These are as follows e Host table e Service table e Protocol table e Network table The host table contains a list of host names and corresponding Internet addresses Socket
48. P requires your host name to be in the host table or on a domain name server e You may want to use your host table on other systems in the network Your host name must be in the host table on those systems so they can refer to your system by name e Applications written to use host table lookup routines may require this information When you are finished working with the host table press F3 Exit or F12 Cancel AnyNet 400 APPC over TCP IP Advanced program to program communication APPC over TCP IP support allows Common Programming Interface CPI Communications or Intersystem Communications Function ICF applications to run over TCP IP with no changes To use the APPC over TCP IP support the logical unit LU name or the remote location that your application uses must be mapped to an Internet address For APPC over TCP IP support the host table is configured to map Internet addresses to LU names To do this you can update the TCP IP host table using the configuration menus The format for the host name is LUNAME NETID SNA IBM COM Step 7 Configuring the Local Domain and Host Name Within TCP IP the primary name associated with your system your system can have more than one name is called your local domain and host name The combination of the local domain and host name forms a fully qualified host name The fully qualified host name is the name by which your system is known and identified in the TCP IP domain The local doma
49. P Remote System Information X 25 Step 6 Configuring TCP IP Hout Table Tntries Adding an Entry to the Host Table Work with TCP IP Host Table Display AnyNet 400 APPC over TCP IP Step 7 Configuring the Local Domain and Host Name Domain Names System DNS Server S Step 8 Starting TCP IP and TCP IP Servers TCP IP Jobs End TCP IP ENDTCP l Step 9 Verifying the TCP IP Connection Verifying Additional TCP IP Connections Verifying TCP IP Connections with Host Name Example Verifying TCP IP Connections with Internet Address Example Step 10 Saving Your TCP IP Configuration Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics Network Status P Work with TCP IP Network Status Menu Work with TCP IP Interface Status Starting TCP IP Interfaces Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 Vil vii X h D 4 L UA 4 HLA LA LA 10 12 16 16 18 18 19 22 22 23 24 x25 26 26 27 29 30 30 33 33 lt 33 34 35 Ending TCP IP Interfaces Route to Interface Binding Display TCP IP Route Information Work with TCP IP Connection Status Ending TCP IP Connections Working with Configuration Status Displaying TCP IP Network Status Information Display Multicast Groups A Displaying TCP IP Interfaces Displaying Associated Routes Displaying Route Details Option Displaying TCP IP Route Information Displaying TCP IP Connec
50. P command Using the host table configuration commands converts pre V3R1MO0 host tables to the new format without affecting the performance of the STRTCP command processing TCP IP Jobs Jobs started by the Start TCP IP STRT CP command are listed in able 4 Table 3 Jobs Used by TCP IP Job Name Description QAPPCTCP APPC over TCP IP applications QTBOOTP BOOTP server QTCPIP Main TCP IP job QTFTPxxxxx FTP server there may be several OTGTELNETS TELNET server there may be several OTRTDxxxxx RouteD server QTRXCxxxx REXEC server there may be several QTSMTPCLNT SMTP client QTSMTPSRVR SMTP server QTSMTPBRCL SMTP bridge client QTSMTPBRSR SMTP bridge server QTTFTxxxxx TFTP server there may be several QTMSNMP SNMP server QTMSNMPRCV SNMP server QSNMPSA SNMP server QTLPDxxxxx LPD server there may be several QTPOxxxxxx POP server there may be several QTPPANSxxx Dial in ANS support PPP QTPPDIALxx Dial out DIAL support PPP Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 25 Table 3 Jobs Used by TCP IP continued Job Name Description ADMIN and DEFAULT ICS HTTP server QTWSGxxxxx Workstation gateway there may be several Note 1 There may be other jobs running in the QSYSWRK subsystem that have nothing to do with TCP IP 2 The TCP IP jobs in QSYSWRK run under the QTCP user profile with two exceptions the TFTP server runs under the
51. QTFTP profile and the workstation gateway server runs under the QTMTWSG profile 3 To use APPC over TCP IP applications you must set the network attribute Allow AnyNet ALWANYNET to YES End TCP IP ENDTCP m ATTENTION No confirmation display appears when you enter ENDTCP is entered Therefore you must use the ENDTCP command carefully The default for the ENDTCP command is to immediately end all TCP IP processing on the server that you are working on Use the End TCP IP ENDTCP command to end all TCP IP processing The command can be issued from the command line or by using option 4 on the TCP IP Administration menu To display this menu enter GO TCPADM on the command line Step 9 Verifying the TCP IP Connection To verify the TCP IP connection from your server to the network use the PING VFYTCPCNN function 1 To test the TCP IP code without sending anything out of the token ring adapter specify the special host name LOOPBACK as follows PING LOOPBACK 2 To test the TCP IP code token ring adapter and token ring connection specify the Internet address of the local adapter as defined in the host table as follows PING RMTSYS INTNETADR INTNETADR 9 4 73 212 Or you may enter PING RMTSYS SYSNAM890 This command sends data out onto the token ring line which the local adapter receives again as if the data is from the TCP IP network Figure 18 on page 27 shows the results from a su
52. Route Details Display 1 of 2 Display TCP IP Route Details System SYSNAMO4 Interface status Line description Line type Figure 38 Display TCP IP Route Details Display 2 of 2 Displaying TCP IP Route Information To display TCP IP route information 1 On the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu type 2 on the command line or enter the WRKTCPSTS RTE command 2 Press the Enter key The first of the two Display TCP IP Route Information displays is presented as T 46 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 6 3 Display TCP IP Route Information System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details Route Subnet Next Route Opt Destination Mask Hop Available 9 125 87 0 255225522550 DIRECT YES 9 125 87 0 255 255 3255 0 DIRECT YES 9 125 109 3 HOST 9 125 87 17 YES 127 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 DIRECT YES DFTROUTE NONE 9 125 87 169 YES DFTROUTE NONE 9 125 87 250 YES Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list Fll Display route type F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F17 Top F18 Bottom I Figure 39 Display TCP IP Route Information Display 1 of 2 To view the second Display TCP IP Route Information display press F11 Display route type The route information is presented in Figum 4l To return to the first display press F11 Display next hop a Display TCP IP Route Information D System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details Route Type of Route Route Route Opt Destina
53. TLNET command or by letting the system create the controller automatically when you activate TCP IP You only need one network controller to describe all the systems with which you communicate over any given line description Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 75 You can describe the characteristics of the communications devices using the by Create Device Description Network CRTDEVNET command or by letting the system create the device automatically when you activate TCP IP If you want to change controller or device descriptions use the Change Controller Description Network CHGCTLNET and Change Device Description Network CHGDEVNET commands For more information on changing controller or device descriptions see http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rbam6 rbam 6clmain htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Configuration Steps To connect any of the communications adapters listed in Hable 8 on page 74 to the network perform the following steps 1 Create a line description see 2 Set the line description maximum frame size or SSAP maximum frame size You must consider this value when setting the maximum transmission unit MTU of the TCP IP interface see This is not a required step because here are default MTU values for all line types Creating the Line Descr
54. ace using the ENDTCPIFC command 1 Type ENDTCPIFC on the command line 2 Press F4 Prompt 3 Type the Internet address of the interface that you want to end 4 Press the Enter key Option 10 on the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display is used to end both TCP IP interfaces and IP over SNA interfaces For information about ending IP over SNA interfaces see the ENDIPSIFC End IP over SNA Interface command in http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rbam6 rbam6clmain htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Route to Interface Binding Interfaces define direct paths to networks or subnetworks to which an iSeries server is directly attached Routes define indirect paths A route identifies the first hop on the path to a network or subnetwork to which an iSeries is not directly attached Routes are bound to interfaces through the use of a best match first algorithm This algorithm is based on the state of the interface and on the type of service TOS specified for the route and interface When you end an interface the routes associated with the interface can move to another existing active interface if the following conditions are satisfied e If the TOS for the route is something other than NORMAL the algorithm looks for an interface with the same TOS If an interface with the specified TOS i
55. aeoa sw ase ewe ee ACTIVE Change date time so os lt e m e sos es oe 04 26 94 14 32 32 tine description sois s s e a ee e ee e aa a RNIETNE LHS NDE cy Gore a eae a a a e es aa S TREAN Type of service tam aa e e ee aa a ee eaa AMAATHRPUT Maximum transmission Unit s se e e ee ee es a 1989 Automatic start s m e areny a e a ues os aaa ANES TREAN bat sequencing s s m e eae e e EMSB Ne A Figure 35 Display TCP IP Interface Status for a Token Ring Interface Displaying Associated Routes To display information about the routes associated with a specific interface 1 On the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display type 8 in the option field for each interface for which you want to see the associated routes information 2 Press the Enter key The first of two displays with associated route information is shown in Figure 34 If you have requested associated route information for more than one interface press the Enter key to view the remaining displays 44 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 6 3 Display Associated Routes System SYSNAMO4 Interface internet address 94125 8710 Type options press Enter 5 Display details Route Subnet Next Route Opt Destination Mask Hop Available 9 125 87 0 25532552550 DIRECT YES DFTROUTE NONE 9 125 87 169 YES Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list Fll Display route type F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F17 Top F18 Bottom KS J Figure 36 Associ
56. ated Route Information Display 1 of 2 Press F11 to show the display that includes the type of service TOS maximum transmission unit MTU type and source Displaying Route Details Option To display detailed information about the route 1 On the Display Associated Routes display type 5 in the option field for each route about which you want more information 2 Press the Enter key Figure 37 on page 44 and Figure 38 on page 4d are examples Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 45 A Display TCP IP Route Details D System SYSNAMO4 Route information RoutecdesitinataOn tes css nen soot tev seers wh a Od ZO soe 60 Subnetmask lt r cess e eee co rasa eer te seu te sh L Next hop host name Sysnam04 endicott ibm gt NeXt hops Seas se esr ete tee neces cece ADIRECT Type Of Service fae ee ets ee eee SMAXTHREUT Routesavaiiliabilie cas cs bai 8 ele eet et vee ews ences NES Route type s eas Sys cero eee ares DIRECT RoutecSource Gens TED Change date time s s s ca w soe was 04 26 94 14 32 32 Route maximum transmission unit 1989 Referencercount nin e aee e a ents ete O Local interface information Internet address s 34 fawn ww ae wee 9125 87 10 Subne Ha T 255 255 255 0 Network address e as s cy e a Ea ee ve aS 9 125 87 0 More Press Enter to continue F3 Exit F6 Print F12 Cancel F22 Display entire field Ne e Figure 37 Display TCP IP
57. ave documented configuration information you are ready to install the TCP IP program on your server The information in the section that follows will help you do that See Installing the TCP IP Application Programs m Important To determine whether the TCP IP LP is already installed enter GO LICPGM Go Licensed Program on the command line and then select Option 10 to display the installed licensed programs If the TCP IP Connectivity Utilities LP is not installed on your system continue by following the instructions in this section to perform the installation Installing TCP IP on your iSeries server allows you to connect an iSeries to a network Perform the following steps to install TCP IP on your server 1 Insert your installation media for TCP IP into your server If your installation media is a CD ROM insert it into your optical device If your installation media is a tape insert it into your tape drive 2 Type GO LICPGM at the command prompt and press Enter to access the Work with Licensed Programs display 3 Select option 11 Install licensed programs on the Work with Licensed Programs display to see a list of licensed programs and optional parts of licensed programs 4 Type 1 in the option column next to 5769TC1 TCP IP Connectivity Utilities for AS 400 licensed program The Confirm Licensed Programs to Install display shows the licensed program you selected to install Press Enter to confirm 5 Fi
58. bs related with TCP IP You can also use the following command WRKACTJOB SBS QSYSWRK JOB QT The job QTCPIP should be displayed Messages indicating that TCP IP has been started are sent to the QTCP and QSYSOPR message queues To check for the successful start of TCP IP enter either of these commands DSPMSG QSYSOPR DSPMSG QTCP Figure 17 contains a sample of the messages that are issued STRTCP issued by job 007138 DJONES DSP0 2 QTCPIP job started 127 0 0 1 interface started QTCPIP job starting 9 5 5 162 interface 127 0 0 2 interface started SNMP Server starting TELNET Server starting FTP Server starting SMTP Server starting POP Server starting LPD Server starting 9 5 5 162 interface started STRTCP completed successfully Figure 17 Sample Messages from STRTCP with All Applications Autostarted If the QTCPIP job does not start look for spooled job logs Generally the user for these job logs is QTCP Use the Work with Spooled Files WRKSPLF command and specify QTCP for the user WRKSPLF QTCP to find the logs Application Servers The TCP IP application server jobs run under subsystem QSYSWRK Several types of TCP IP server jobs run in the QSYSWRK subsystem They are the server jobs for TELNET POP FTP SMTP LPD BOOTP TFTP RouteD REXEC and SNMP The STRTCP command starts the server jobs for an application if the automatic start attribute for that server is equal to YES To change the autostart att
59. can be helpful for backup or to improve performance However there is no dynamic backup or performance balance function Example Multiple Hosts on Different Networks over the Same Communications Line Your server uses one adapter for TCP IP to attach to a LAN or WAN network You add multiple TCP IP interfaces Each of these TCP IP interfaces includes an Internet address of different TCP IP networks With these multiple Internet addresses you participate in different TCP IP networks AS 400 Multiple IP Addresses 7 H Multiple TCP IP i Networks S RBAEE513 0 Figure 50 Multihoming Multiple Hosts Multiple Networks Single Line Imagine a public X 25 network With this physical network you can run multiple TCP IP networks for example the company intranet and connections with business partners and service providers For each of these different TCP IP networks your server must configure a unique Internet address Running multiple TCP IP networks within a single local area network LAN is also supported In most situations however one designs a single TCP IP network per physical LAN only Example Multiple Hosts on Different Networks over Multiple Communications Lines Your server uses more than one adapter for TCP IP to attach to multiple LAN or WAN networks You add multiple TCP IP interfaces At least one interface is assigned to each adapter line description Each of thes
60. cation performs operation based on exit program response Figure 62 TCP IP Exit Point Processing Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 79 OS 400 Registration Facility Exit points for TCP IP applications are automatically registered when the parent product or option is installed using the OS 400 registration facility The registration facility contains a repository that allows customers to associate their exit programs with specific exit points TCP IP applications check the registration facility repository to determine which exit program to call for a particular exit point You must add your exit program to an exit point in the registration repository before a TCP IP application can call it Adding the exit program to the repository associates the exit program with a specific exit point For security exit programs the TCP IP application will typically request the exit program to indicate if a specified operation should be allowed When no exit program has been added to an exit point the TCP IP application assumes that no additional security controls are to be applied You can use the Work with Registration Information WRKREGINF command to display a list of the exit points in the OS 400 registration facility Use this list to display information about an exit point or to work with exit programs associated with an exit es The Work with Registration Information display is shown in TCP IP Application Exit Points The following table
61. cator from either TCP or the data link layer These indicators from TCP and the data link layer are referred to as advice since they may result from transient conditions as well as from a serious gateway failure Negative Advice from TCP or the Data Link Layer Retransmissions on a TCP connection occur as a result of transient or non transient problems somewhere along the path to a destination host When TCP notices excessive retransmissions on a TCP connection a TCP negative advice indicator is sent to IP Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 55 The data link layer passes a negative advice indicator to IP when it is unable to transmit data to a first hop directly connected gateway In most cases negative advice from the data link layer means that the Address Resolution Process ARP processing performed by the data link layer was unable to resolve the location of first hop gateway on the directly connected physical network ARP is not performed on all physical network types Some physical network types such as X 25 use an alternative scheme for this purpose Negative advice whether from TCP or the data link layer is always expressed in terms of the first hop gateway Dead gateway processing on a given host only attempts to verify the first hop gateway However gateways also carry out their own dead gateway processing for other adjacent gateways In this way all of the gateways along the path to a destinatio
62. ccessful connection verification 26 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 lt fe ping 9 4 73 212 Verifying connection to host system 9 4 73 212 PING request 1 from 9 4 73 212 took 24 ms 256 bytes TTL 64 PING request 2 from 9 4 73 212 took 11 ms 256 bytes TTL 64 PING request 3 from 9 4 73 212 took 31 ms 256 bytes TTL 64 PING request 4 from 9 4 73 212 took 11 ms 256 bytes TTL 64 PING request 5 from 9 4 73 212 took 12 ms 256 bytes TTL 64 Round trip in milliseconds min avg max 11 17 31 Connection verification statistics 5 of 5 successful 100 Figure 18 Successful PING Messages 3 If the PING operation is successful you should see messages similar to those in If the PING operation is unsuccessful you should see messages similar to those in If you receive an unsuccessful PING message check your configuration steps Also check that the configuration at the remote system is correct and that the remote system is not powered down For additional information about ee the cause for an unsuccessful connection verification see fcr 4p http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzaku rzakuoverview htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information gt ping 9 4 73 198 D Verifying connection to host system 9 4 73 198 No response from host within 1
63. cusses managing your network by using the NETSTAT command and the maintenance of host tables In addition this chapter covers other topics beyond those that are required to configure and use TCP IP on iSeries 400 This information may help you to understand and maximize your usage of the iSeries TCP IP support TCP IP on an iSeries server can also be managed by Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP For information about SNMP see resources in the Information Center Supplemental Manuals Network Status The network status function on the server allows you to get information about the status of TCP IP network interfaces routes and connections on your local system This function also allows you to end TCP IP connections and to start or end TCP IP interfaces Note Network status functions may also be administered by Operations Navigator Use the Operations Navigator interface for these functions if it is installed on your system See the Ta http www as400 ibm com oper_nav index htm Web page for more information NETSTAT displays the current TCP IP protocol stack information This information does not necessarily match the configuration data you see when using the Configure TCP IP CFGTCP menu In most cases the NETSTAT command displays more information than the configuration data In some cases the configuration data might even change The reason for such a change is that the iSeries TCP IP dynamically creates some info
64. data that is passed on the stdin stdout and stderr streams These values are valid 0 Do not convert data The server transfers all data on the stdin stdout and stderr streams without converting it 1 Convert data e The server converts data in the stdin stream from the ASCII CCSID that the CHGRXCA command specifies to the job CCSID If the job CCSID is 65535 the server uses the default CCSID of the job e The server converts data in the stdout and sterr streams from the job CCSID to the ASCII CCSID that the CHGRXCA command specifies If the job CCSID is 65535 the server uses the default CCSID of the job This is the default value Usage Notes e If you add exit programs to both the QIBM_QTMX_SERVER_REQ and QIBM_QTMX_SVR_SELECT exit points REXEC server first calls the exit program that you add to the QIBM_QTMX_SERVER_REQ exit point If this program allows the operation the server then calls the exit program that you add to the QIBM_QTMX_SVR_SELECT exit point e When you set the Command processor identifier parameter to 0 iSeries Control Language command the conversion option is ignored The server always performs character conversion for CL commands e When you set the command processor identifier to 1 Qshell Command the server sets these environment variables TERMINAL _TYPE REMOTE PATH usr bin LOGNAME user where user is the user profile HOME homedir where homedir is the user s home directory
65. defines the remote system as SYSNAMO2 type the FTP command as follows ftp sysnam02 Step 3 Tell FTP to Send the Host File to the Remote System Type the following FTP subcommand put qusrsys qatochost hosts qusrsys mO3host hosts Note Do not use FTP to put the host file directly into file QATOCHOST containing the server host table Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 53 Step 4 Merge the File Type the following FTP subcommand quote rcmd mrgtcpht fromfile qusrsys mO3host frommbr host IP Routing and Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Redirecting Internet routing tables usually remain static for long periods TCP IP generates routing tables at activation time from configuration data and adjusts the routing tables based on ICMP redirects SNMP manager requests dead gateway processing and socket routing requests If network interconnections change routing tables in a particular host may become incorrect Because gateways exchange routing information periodically to accommodate network changes and to keep their routes up to date a gateway usually knows better routes than a host When a gateway detects that a host is using a route that is not optimum the gateway sends an ICMP redirect message to that host It also forwards the original datagram on to its destination Redirect messages are limited to interactions between a gateway and a host on the same network If the host that sends the ori
66. des Management Central for managing multiple servers from a central server For more information on Operations Navigator see the iSeries Information Center Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 Vii Vili OS 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 How to send your comments Your feedback is important in helping to provide the most accurate and high quality information If you have any comments about this book or any other iSeries documentation fill out the readers comment form at the back of this book e If you prefer to send comments by mail use the readers comment form with the address that is printed on the back If you are mailing a readers comment form from a country other than the United States you can give the form to the local IBM branch office or IBM representative for postage paid mailing e If you prefer to send comments by FAX use either of the following numbers United States Canada and Puerto Rico 1 800 937 3430 Other countries 1 507 253 5192 e If you prefer to send comments electronically use one of these e mail addresses Comments on books RCHCLERK us ibm com Comments on the iSeries Information Center RCHINFOC us ibm com Be sure to include the following e The name of the book or iSeries Information Center topic e The publication number of a book e The page number or topic of a book to which your comment applies Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 ix X 08 400 TCP IP Configuratio
67. destination address of 224 255 0 2 the GRPADR parameter for the 2617 Ethernet line description must include 01005E7F0002 Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 69 70 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Chapter 3 TCP IP Performance The following are performance items that should be considered when using TCP IP BASE Pool Size The TCP IP protocol and application code always runs in the BASE pool on the iSeries 400 server If the BASE pool is not given enough storage TCP IP performance especially SMTP performance can be adversely affected Although it is possible to run in less than 4000 KB of storage to perform well when running both FTP and SMTP sessions it is suggested that the BASE pool be configured to use at least 4000 KB of storage You can use the WRKSYSSTS to view and change pool sizes on the server Pool 2 is the base pool Another alternative is to change the pool in which the TCP IP jobs run TCP IP Jobs TCP IP jobs like other jobs on your system are created from job descriptions and associated classes The job descriptions and classes should be adequate in most cases however they may be changed to fit your configuration The TCP IP job descriptions classes and subsystem descriptions can be found in the QTCP or the QSYS library that was loaded in your system when TCP IP was installed Each application has a job description associated with it This job description has a
68. distribute these sample programs in any form without payment to IBM for the purposes of developing using marketing or distributing application programs conforming to the application programming interface for the operating platform for which the sample programs are written These examples have not been thoroughly tested under all conditions IBM therefore cannot guarantee or imply reliability serviceability or function of these programs You may copy modify and distribute these sample programs in any form without payment to IBM for the purposes of developing using marketing or distributing application programs conforming to IBM s application programming interfaces If you are viewing this information softcopy the photographs and color illustrations may not appear Programming Interface Information This publication is intended to help you to use the TCP IP function with the IBM iSeries server This publication documents General Use Programming Interface and Associated Guidance Information provided by TCP IP Connectivity Utilities for iSeries licensed program and the OS 400 licensed program General Use programming interfaces allow the customer to write programs that obtain the services of the TCP IP Utilities licensed program and the OS 400 licensed program Trademarks The following terms are trademarks of the IBM Corporation in the United States or other countries or both 400 Advanced Function Printing AFP AIX
69. e learning process again 54 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 E ICMP redirect Datagram 1 Network Gateway Network Host 1 1 i G1 L 2 i A1 Datagram 2 Datagram 1 E Gateway t G2 l Datagram B 1 and 2 Pa l S N y 7 Network Host k 3 I A2 Sa RBAEES09 0 Figure 46 Example of ICMP Redirect To see routing changes due to ICMP redirect messages select NETSTAT menu 2 or NETSTAT RTE and then press PF11 Comparing the next hop in this display with the next hop present in the routing table you can verify whether a route has been dynamically changed Dead Gateway Processing RFC 1122 Requirements For Internet Hosts Communication Layers requires the IP layer to include a dead gateway algorithm to manage suspected gateway failures This section is intended to give you an overview of dead gateway processing Two types of gateway failures can occur e Failure of a first hop gateway A first hop gateway is the gateway that is specified in an IP route First hop gateways must be on a directly connected network This type of failure can be detected by either TCP or the data link layer e Failure of a gateway other than the first hop gateway The path between source and destination TCP IP hosts can traverse multiple gateways This type of failure can be detected only by TCP Dead gateway processing is initiated when IP receives a negative advice indi
70. e TCP IP interfaces includes 58 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 an Internet address of different TCP IP networks With these multiple Internet addresses you take part in different TCP IP networks Figure 51 This example is a combination of all of the previous examples discussed AS 400 Multiple IP Addresses e Multiple TCP IP i Networks S 7 RBAEE514 0 Figure 51 Multihoming Multiple Hosts Multiple Networks Multiple Lines Example The Multihoming function Assume servers SYSNAM02 and SYSNAMO3 are connected with a public or private X 25 network The Internet address of this network is 9 4 73 64 In this example the server SYSNAMO03 connects with a service provider by using TCP IP and the same X 25 network attachment igure 52 The Internet address assigned by the service provider for the server is 223 1 1 17 lt S SYSNAMO2 66 5 SYSNAMO3 X 25 Network 47 Service Provider RBAEES15 0 Figure 52 Multihoming TCP IP Network The multihoming function supports multiple networks with the same adapter Server SYSNAMO3 must handle two different Internet addresses on the same attachment To do this an additional TCP IP interface needed to be specified Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 59 gt Work with TCP IP Interfaces System SYSNAMO3 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Rem
71. e TFTP server program the valid values are as follows 6 Sending file RRQ 7 Receiving file WRQ User profile INPUT CHAR 10 The user profile under which the requested operation is run if it is allowed Remote IP address INPUT CHAR The Internet Protocol IP address of the remote host system This string is in dotted decimal format left justified The remote host may be a client or a server based on the setting of the application identifier parameter Length of remote IP address INPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the length in bytes of the remote IP address Operation specific information INPUT CHAR Information that describes the operation being attempted The contents of this field are dependent on the value of the operation identifier For operation identifier 0 and application identifier 0 there is no operation specific information This field is blank For operation identifier 0 and application identifier 1 the operation specific information contains the IP address that identifies the TCP IP interface through which the connection to the local host server system is established This string is in dotted decimal format left justified 86 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 For operation identifiers 1 through 3 the operation specific information contains the name of the directory or library on which the operation is to be performed The directory or library name is formatted as an absolute path name Fo
72. e a sso s 7 3270868149 Outgoing window number s s s ce s Sw et 3270896558 BytesaIn et e a grabs conven E ace ta a a a S 1021 Incoming bytes buffered s s s so soe sor 4 i 0 Receivernext eet icc ee Ye ee see soe ca eee 1545153023 User receivemext m e n e ee vanes Sue ot ces cares 1545153023 Incoming push number s eresia sa e es 1545153023 Incoming urgency number 1545153022 Incoming window number s w s a se om 8 1545160742 More Press Enter to continue F3 Exit F5 Refresh Fo Print F10 Display IP options F12 Cancel F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field XN Figure 42 Display TCP IP Connection Status Display 2 of 3 eae No Re Display TCP Connection Status System SYSNAMO4 Retransmission information Total retransmissions s vcs vs actu suse oe el ees 8 Current retransmissions s s s s a s wow i 0 Send window information Maximum size a T su coats che ghee aa 28672 Gurnrent SiZe soe soe s S a e a a a A 28408 R Tels L a 1545153004 Last update acknowledged 24 43 3270868150 Congestion Window s s s s e se e eo wa oF 2704 Slow start threshold soe m a e ee ce pe ee 1281 Precedence and security Precedence s a e i e m R es a a a A 0 Initialization information Maximum segment size s ere e a e RET Re 03 536 Initial send sequence number 3 3270810457 Initial receive sequence number 1545152001 Bottom Press Enter to continue F3 Exit F5 Ref
73. e charge NONE NONE REQUEST ACCEPT Additional Parameters Default packet size Transmit packet size LIND FEIND 645 128 256 512 Receive packet size LIND LIND TRANSMIT 64 128 Default window size Transmit window size LIND 1 15 LIND Receive window size LIND 1 15 LIND TRANSMIT Bottom F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys Figure 10 Add Remote System X 25 Information The network controller used by iSeries TCP IP does not allow you to specify X 25 user facilities However some of the values usually configured on a controller using the ADDTCPRSI command allow you to configure each X 25 remote system These values include reverse charging packet sizes and window sizes Use the following CL command to enter the information as shown in the display above ADDTCPRSI INTNETADR 9 4 73 66 NETADR 40030002 Notes 1 Specifying remote system information for an X 25 DDN interface causes that information to be used instead of the DDN conversion algorithm The DDN conversion algorithm is used only for a connection with DDN specified as YES when you try to connect to a host that is not defined in the remote system Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 17 information If DDN is specified as YES on the X 25 connection you should not specify remote system information for that interface or its associated DDN network systems 2 A rou
74. e in the physical file is merged into the final host table Host names that exist for the same Internet address are not duplicated If the same host name is found for Internet addresses that are different then that host name is accepted but a warning message is displayed The original copy of the local host table is not saved by the MRGTCPHT Merge TCP IP Host Table command To save the original host table create a copy of the file QUSRSYS QATOCHOST HOSTS by using the Copy File CPYF command Do this before issuing the MRGTCPHT command Merging TCP IP Host Tables You can use imported host tables in two ways e Overwrite the current host table To do this specify Replace Host Table Yes on the Merge Host Table display 52 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 e Merge the information of the imported host table with the information that was entered by using option 10 Work with TCP IP host table entries from the Configure TCP IP menu To merge the information specify Replace Host Table No on the Merge Host Table display You can merge an imported host table with the local host table while TCP IP is running by using the CFGTCP Configure TCP IP command The changes take affect the next time a TCP IP application accesses the host table Select option 11 to merge an imported host table with the local server host table You can also use the Merge TCP IP Host Table MRGTCPHT command from any command line Example S
75. ed in one of the following ways e The Work with TCP IP Interface Status displays are reached by Option 1 on the Configure TCP IP CFGTCP menu Option 1 on the Network Status NETSTAT or WRKTCPSTS menu s The Start TCP IP Interface STRTCPIFC command e Using the Operations Navigator interface Note You can start TCP IP interfaces through the Operations Navigator interface wizard However this chapter does not document any of the Operations Navigator functions See the online help in Operations Navigator for this information To start a TCP IP interface from the Work with TCP IP Interface Status menu type 9 in the option field for each interface that you want to start and press the Enter key To start a TCP IP interface using the STRTCPIFC command take these steps 1 Type STRTCPIFC on the command line and press F4 Prompt 2 Type the Internet address of the interface that you want to start and press the Enter key Option 9 on the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display is used to start both TCP IP interfaces and Internet Protocol IP over Systems Network Architecture SNA interfaces For information about starting IP over SNA interfaces see the STRIPSIFC Start IP over SNA Interface command in http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rbam6 rbam6clmain htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this infor
76. emote System Information X 25 Note If you are not using X 25 then proceed to Q on page 1 If you use an X 25 connection to reach TCP IP hosts with a public or private packet switched data network PSDN you need to add remote system information for each remote TCP IP host You must define the X 25 network address of each system if you use a switched virtual circuit SVC If a permanent virtual circuit PVC is set up by the network connecting your system with your remote TCP IP partner you need to know the local logical channel identifier of this PVC Adding Remote System Information X 25 To add an X 25 remote system address type option 5 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Work with the TCP IP Remote System Information display appears as shown in 16 05 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Work with TCP IP Remote System Information E System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 4 Remove 5 Display Internet Network Reverse Opt Address Address PVC Charges No remote system information Figure 9 Work with Remote System X 25 Information Type option 1 Add at the input capable top list entry to go to the Add TCP IP Remote System ADDTCPRSI display as shown in eu id A Add TCP IP Remote System ADDTCPRSI D Type choices press Enter Internetuaddress lt lt so e m e gt 9 4 73 66 Network address gt 40030002 PVC logical channel identifier 001 FFF X 25 revers
77. er includes complete planning details and checklists Once you have designed a plan follow the step by step process that is outlined for you in this chapter Each step guides you through TCP IP installation and configuration on your system defines various terms and describes how these terms relate to TCP IP Using the Operations Navigator interface After initial setup and configuration you can customize your TCP IP through Operations Navigator Information related to Operations Navigator is located in the online help and on the http www as400 ibm com oper_nav index htm Web page See the online help in Operations Navigator for information about the following TCP IP functions e Configuring TCP IP including basic functions such as starting and stopping TCP IP e Creating a new Ethernet line e Creating a new token ring line e Working with TCP IP interfaces including configuring a TCP IP route Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 1 e Working with TCP IP host tables including configuring a TCP IP host name and domain name e Verifying a TCP IP connection PING Planning for TCP IP Installation and Configuration If you are in charge of configuring an iSeries server for TCP IP communications you will in most cases include your server in an existing TCP IP network Before you are able to start configuring you will need to collect all of the required information Use lable Lan page and lable 2 an paged as checklists to
78. etwork status Verify TCP IP connection Start TCP IP FTP session Start TCP IP TELNET session Send TCP IP spooled file F9 Retrieve TCP IP Administration System RC Work with TCP IP jobs in QSYSWRK subsystem F12 Cancel Figure 1 TCP IP Administration Menu Following are descriptions of the menu options e Option 1 Configure TCP IP Displays the Configure TCP IP menu Use the options on this menu to configure your local server to communicate with other systems in a TCP IP network e Option 2 Configure TCP IP applications Displays the Configure TCP IP Applications menu Use the options on this menu to configure the TCP IP licensed program 5769 TC1 applications installed on your system e Option 3 Start TCP IP Select this option to issue the Start TCP IP STRTCP command This command initializes and activates TCP IP processing starts the TCP IP interfaces and starts the TCP IP server jobs e Option 4 End TCP IP Select this option to issue the End TCP IP ENDTCP command This command is used to end all TCP IP processing on this system 6 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 e Option 5 Start TCP IP servers Select this option to issue the Start TCP IP Server STRTCPSVR command This command is used to start the TCP IP application servers that are shipped with OS 400 or the TCP IP licensed program 5769 TC1 This command starts the TCP IP application server jobs in the QSYSWRK subsystem e O
79. fied for a particular route must not be larger than the smallest MTU supported by any router or bridge in that route If you specify a larger size some datagrams may be lost In addition the MTU specified for a particular route should not be larger than the smallest MTU supported by any system used as an IP router for that route If you specify a larger size performance may degrade as systems attempt to divide the IP datagrams into smaller fragments For additional information about setting the MTU see Appendix A Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 13 Preferred binding interface The preferred binding interface allows administrators to choose which of the TCP IP interfaces that they prefer the route to be bound to or on This provides the administrator with more flexibility to route traffic over a specific interface The interface is preferred because the route is bound to the indicated interface if the interface is active If the indicated interface is not active then a best match first algorithm is used in determining which interface the route is bound In Figure 4 a preferred binding interface of NONE has been defined By using this definition the user allows the TCP IP protocol stack to choose an interface to bind this route to using a best match first algorithm Adding TCP IP routes You must define routes for any TCP IP network including subnetworks with which you want to communicate You do not need to define routes for the T
80. getnetbyaddr functions to access the information in the network table az a Work with Network Table Entry D System SYSNAMO3 Type options press Enter l Add 4 Remove 5 Display Internet Opt Network address IBM 9 0 0 0 Bottom Parameters for options 1 and 4 or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F6 Print list F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel F1l7 Top F18 Bottom Figure 61 Work with Network Table Entry Display The protocols and services tables that are shipped contain standard information The network tables do not contain any information The network IBM information has been added in as an example For additional information about sockets refer to http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5r1 ic2924 info rzab6 rzab6soxoverview htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Using X 25 PVC instead of SVC A On page Q you were shown how to define the X 25 network address of each system that uses a switched virtual circuit SVC To replace the X 25 SVC with an X 25 permanent virtual circuit PVC connection the example below is helpful The following CL commands will look different CRTLINX25 ADDTCPIFC and ADDTCPRSI Use the same X 25 line description but replace the first of the four SVCs with a PVC CRTLINX25 LIND X25LINE RSRCNAME LINQ51 LGLCHLE 001 PVC 002 SVCBOTH
81. ginal datagram is an iSeries it receives the ICMP redirect message from the gateway and uses this information to update its internal routing table The next datagram is then sent using the more optimum route received from the gateway You can see the updated routing table by using NETSTAT option 2 A route created by the ICMP redirect mechanism is recorded in the IP dynamic routing table and remains there as long as an upper level protocol is using it When the last upper level protocol user has completed its unit of work using a route created by the ICMP redirect mechanism the route is then removed from the routing table When TCP IP is restarted this process is repeated In Figure 46 on page 55 host Al in network 2 is an iSeries server that sends a message to host A2 in network 3 The routing table in host A1 indicates that the first hop to host A2 is through gateway G1 which connects networks 1 and 2 When this gateway receives the datagram it forwards the datagram to gateway G2 which sends it to the host A2 Gateway G1 then sends an ICMP redirect message to host A1 to inform it that a better route to host A2 is to use gateway G2 as the first hop This information updates the internal routing table in host A1 and the next datagram to host A2 in network 3 is sent to gateway G2 as the first hop The gateway then sends the datagram to host A2 When the TCP IP services are stopped the collected routing information is deleted and host A1 starts th
82. group IP multicast is supported on broadcast capable networks and on SLIP PPP interfaces but it is not 68 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 supported on multi access nonbroadcast networks IP multicast is also not currently supported on Frame Relay FDDI SDDI or ATM networks To determine whether an interface supports multicast enter option 14 on the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display If the interface supports multicast there will be at least one Host Group entry for the All Hosts group 224 0 0 1 Otherwise the interface does not support multicast The 2626 token ring input output processor IOP requires manual configuration to receive multicast datagrams In particular you must specify the token ring address C00000040000 on the functional address parameter for the token ring line description To add this address to a line description that is named TRNLINE use the following command CHGLINTRN LIND TRNLINE FCNADR C00000040000 The 2617 Ethernet IOP also requires manual configuration in order to receive multicast datagrams The Ethernet group addresses to be received need to be specified on the group address parameter GRPADR for the Ethernet line description A 4 byte IP multicast address is mapped to a 6 byte Ethernet group address by placing the low order 23 bits of the IP multicast address into the low order 23 bits of the Ethernet group address 01005E000000 For example to receive multicast datagrams with a
83. h are controlled and assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Only those applications that have been assigned one of these ports should use a number within this range Refer to the current Assigned Numbers RFC for a list of the port assignments Because this range of port numbers 0 1023 is reserved for the well known ports they should not be used by user application programs because it could affect the operation of TCP IP For example restricting the use of ports 21 23 or 25 prevents other users from using FTP TELNET or SMTP respectively The iSeries Add TCP IP Port Restriction ADDTCPPORT command allows you to restrict usage of a single port or a range of ports to a particular iSeries user profile Restricting ports is like allocating ports to a specific user profile When a socket application issues the bind system call or when a TCP UDP Pascal API application issues a call to the TcpOpen TcpWaitOpen or UdpOpen function the job s user profile is checked against the list of user profiles that are associated with 62 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 the specified port If no match is found the requesting program is not allowed to use the specified port If any port in the 1 1023 range is restricted the following message is posted Port restriction added but may affect TCP IP processing If no user profiles are associated with a specific port there are no restrictions It is not necessary t
84. ice that does not infringe any IBM intellectual property right may be used instead However it is the user s responsibility to evaluate and verify the operation of any non IBM product program or service IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter described in this document The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents You can send license inquiries in writing to IBM Director of Licensing IBM Corporation 500 Columbus Avenue Thornwood NY 10594 U S A For license inquiries regarding double byte DBCS information contact the IBM Intellectual Property Department in your country or send inquiries in writing to IBM World Trade Asia Corporation Licensing 2 31 Roppongi 3 chome Minato ku Tokyo 106 Japan The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any other country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON INFRINGEMENT MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions therefore this statement may not apply to you This information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the informati
85. in name is also used by sockets to help in host name resolution at the Domain Name System DNS server The Post Office Protocol POP and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP mail servers require that the local domain and host name be configured It is used but not required by line printer requester LPR File Transfer Protocol FTP and Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP A domain name consists of labels that are separated by periods for example SYSNAM890 ROCHESTER IBM COM For hosts the first label in a domain name is the name of a host that belongs in the domain identified by the other labels In this example host SYSNAM890 belongs to the domain ROCHESTER IBM COM SYSNAM890 ROCHESTER IBM COM is known as the host s fully qualified domain name To define a local domain name and a host name use option 12 Change TCP IP domain information from the Configure TCP IP menu aes You may need to configure the local domain name if you use a DNS server that requires a fully qualified host name to resolve an Internet address For more information on how to do that see http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzakk rzakkkickoff htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information The iSeries TCP IP applications concatenate the local domain name to the host name if a period is not used at the end of the do
86. ing a bulk file transfer could have the type of service set to MAXTHRPUT requesting that they travel across the high capacity satellite path It is up to the network administrator to define TOS values when defining interfaces and routes in the TCP IP configuration Based on the administrator s knowledge of the hardware technologies available on systems and networks used TOS values for the routes must also be defined according to the interface s TOS value This means that if a MINDELAY value is defined in the interface definition at least one route definition must have the MINDELAY TOS value defined Note A TCP IP network does not guarantee the TOS requested However datagram transmission is never denied Multiple Routes You can have multiple routes in your routing table by using the ADDTCPRTE command You can have more than one route for the same destination Internet address with the same type of service or a different type of service If you have multiple routes with the same types of service they are used in the order specified If a particular next hop router is not available the subsequent specified next hop router is used This continues until an entry that is active is found or the list of next hop values is exhausted If you have multiple routes with different TOS the one with the TOS equal to the one requested by applications with TOS octet in IP datagram is used If no match is found in any specified routes the route with
87. ion PUNE 10 Work with TCP IP host table entries 11 Merge TCP IP host table 12 Change TCP IP domain information 20 Configure TCP IP applications 21 Configure related tables 22 Configure point to point TCP IP Selection or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel Figure 2 Configure TCP IP Menu Following are descriptions of the Configure TCP IP menu options Option 1 Work with TCP IP interfaces Select this option to add TCP IP interface information to the list of current interfaces or to display change print or remove TCP IP interface information that you have already added Select this option to start or end a TCP IP interface Option 2 Work with TCP IP routes Select this option to add route information or to display change print or remove route information that you have already added Option 3 Change TCP IP attributes Select this option to run the Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA command With this option you can change User Datagram Protocol UDP checksum processing IP datagram forwarding IP time to live values and other attributes that relate to the TCP IP protocol stack Option 4 Work with TCP IP port restrictions Select this option to add port restrictions or to display remove or print port restrictions that you have already added Option 5 Work with TCP IP remote system information Select this option to add or remove X 25 data network addresses or to print the list
88. iption If you have already configured a physical line this existing line can be shared between TCP IP data and data from other protocols like SNA or OSI at the same time There is no need for a separate physical line to support TCP IP If a line description does not exist for a physical IOP you must create a new one Use one of the commands mentioned in lable 8 on page zA to create a line description or network interface appropriate for your communications adapter For more information on creating line descriptions see LAN Frame Relay and ATM Support X 25 Network Support and Communications Configuration Pay particular attention to the following items when creating or changing a line description for TCP IP communications e Line description name e Source Service Access Point SSAP Line Description Name You need the name of the line description when you configure TCP IP on your system see a Remember the name you choose when you create the line description or use the Work with Configuration Status WRKCFGSTS command to find the name of an existing line Source Service Access Point If the line type supports source service access points SSAP you must specify X AA as entries in the SSAP list SSAP examples include Token ring Ethernet TEEE802 3 DDI and wireless This occurs by default when you create a new line description and leave the SSAP parameter at its default value of SYSGEN If you have an existing line description
89. ity 10 NIC format 51 SYSGEN default value 10 76 Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol attributes 16 A AA entry 76 Add TCP IP Remote System Information ADDTCPRSI command 17 Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE command 14 adding default routes 15 TCP IP remote system information 17 TCP IP route 12 ADDTCPRSI Add TCP IP Remote System Information command 17 ADDTCPRTE Add TCP IP Route command 14 application exit points 80 exit point interface 85 exit programs 79 89 application request validation exit point interface 85 attribute TCP IP Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA command 16 IP datagram forwarding 16 authority IOSYSCFG 10 automatic configuration creating controllers 75 binding route to interface 36 C CFGTCP Configure TCP IP command 7 Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA command 16 changing TCP IP attributes 16 CHGTCPA Change TCP IP Attributes command 16 command CL Add TCP IP Remote System Information ADDTCPRSI 17 Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 command CL continued Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE 14 ADDTCPRSI Add TCP IP Remote System Information 17 ADDTCPRTE Add TCP IP Route 14 Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA 16 CHGTCPA Change TCP IP Attributes 16 Create Controller Description Network CRTCTLNET 75 Create Device Description Network 75 CRTCTLNET Create Controller Description Network 75 CRTDEVNET Create Device Description Network 75 End TCP IP ENDTCP
90. lished yet the Remote Address and Remote Port fields 38 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 contain an asterisk When an application requests a connection to a listening socket a new connection is created The remote Internet address and remote port are shown for the new connection The listening socket always remains in the list of connections r Work with TCP IP Connection Status D System SYSNAMO4 local internet address s e m r ma sr as ALL Type options press Enter 4 End 5 Display details Remote Remote Local Opt Address Port Port Idle Time State N ftp con gt 000 20 41 Listen telnet 001 39 00 Listen telnet 000 14 27 Listen smtp 000 55 23 Listen Ipd 002 36 29 Listen 1049 001 31 01 UDP 1050 001 28 02 UDP 1051 001 12 05 UDP 1052 001 09 52 UDP 1070 000 35 53 Listen 9 5 1 180 1211 telnet 000 10 17 Established More F5 Refresh F1l Display byte counts F13 Sort by column F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field F24 More keys Na J Figure 29 Work with TCP IP Connection Status Display 1 of 3 a Work with TCP IP Connection Status D System SYSNAMO4 local internet address s s s s 6 swo s ALL Type options press Enter 4 End 5 Display details Remote Remote Local Opt Address Port Port User Bytes Out Bytes In ftp con gt QTCP 0 0 telnet QTCP 0 0 telnet QTCP 0 0 lpd QTCP 0 0 1070 BILANSKY 0 0 95 1131
91. ll in the following choices on the Install Options display e Installation Device Type OPT01 if installing from a CD drive Type TAP01 if installing from a tape drive e Objects to Install The Objects to Install option allows you to install both programs and language objects only programs or only language objects Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 5 e Automatic IPL The Automatic IPL option determines whether the system automatically starts when the installation process has completed successfully When TCP IP successfully installs either the Work with Licensed Programs menu or the Sign On display appears 6 Select option 50 Display log for messages to verify that you have installed the licensed program successfully If an error occurs you will see the message Work with licensed program function not complete on the bottom of the Work with Licensed Programs display To use TCP IP you must configure it after you have completed the installation Using the TCP IP Administration Menu The TCP IP Administration menu Eigure 1 is a starting point for the configuration tasks To display the menu enter GO TCPADM from the iSeries Main Menu T rren Start TCP IP End TCP IP FPOWOON AN E LM rA Ka m N Selection or command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt Select one of the following Configure TCP IP Configure TCP IP applications Start TCP IP servers End TCP IP servers Work with TCP IP n
92. lowing paragraphs show you how to verify a remote TCP IP connection Use the system menus or the Verify TCP IP Connection VFYTCPCNN or PING command to verify your system s ability to communicate with a remote system using TCP IP Note PING uses the Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP to send data to a host s Internet address and waits for a response The user command to perform this verification is called PING Packet InterNet Groper on non iSeries servers On an iSeries server use either the PING command or the VFYTCPCNN command To verify TCP IP connections perform the three steps below in the order in which they are listed 1 Type VFYTCPCNN and then press F4 The display for the VFYTCPCNN command appears Figure 20 2 Type the name of a remote system as defined in your host table or as defined by your domain name server If you prefer to use an Internet address type the address enclosed in apostrophes You can also type INTNETADR to be prompted for the Internet address 3 Press F10 to view or change the additional parameters As you can see in the system defaults are to send five packets of 256 bytes each and to wait 1 second for a response on each packet a Verify TCP IP Connection VFYTCPCNN gt Type choices press Enter Remote system o moo i acs oe Figure 20 Verify TCP IP Connection 28 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Ne Verify
93. main name For an example see 22 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzaku rzakuconcat htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information To change the local domain name type option 12 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Change TCP IP domain information display is shown in Fioum 1d a Change TCP IP Domain CHGTCPDMN D Type choices press Enter hostiname men E SYSNAM890 Domain name soe e Se ee SYSNAM123 IBM COM Host name search priority LOCAL REMOTE LOCAL SAME Domain name server Internet address 9 4 73 129 amp Y Figure 16 Change TCP IP Domain Information CHGTCPDMN Notes 1 Changes that you make using the Change TCP IP domain information CHGTCPDMN command take effect immediately 2 The local domain name is used by many applications including PING PING appends the local domain to a host name if a domain is not specified or if a period does not appear at the end of the specified host name Domain Name System DNS Server The conversion from host name to Internet address can be performed by using the host table on the local system or by defining a Domain Name System server or DNS server In large networks with large host tables it is more convenient to have DNS servers than to have a complete copy of
94. mask at the default value of NONE Consult Multiple Rou age 61 for further information about multiple default routes and the type of service TOS parameter Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 15 Step 4 Configuring TCP IP attributes To configure the TCP IP attributes type option 3 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA display is shown Figured 9 Change TCP IP Attributes CHGTCPA E Type choices press Enter NCP keep alive lt 2 Seu Ge e eee 120 1 40320 SAME DFT TCP urgent pointer s e s s s es BSD SAME BSD RFC TCP receive buffer size 8192 512 8388608 SAME DFT TCP send buffer size kos er 8192 512 8388608 SAME DFT UDP CHECKSUM zie ae ww ee Se YES SAME YES NO IP datagram forwarding YES SAME YES NO IP Source routing snr r e we YES SAME YES NO IP reassembly time out 10 5 120 SAME DFT IP timento hives son e aus ae e 64 1 255 SAME DFT ARP cache timeout 2 5 1 1440 SAME DFT Log protocol errors s lt lt e e YES SAME YES NO be 24 Figure 8 Change TCP IP Attributes Display For information about the various parameters for this command see the online help In this step only the IP Datagram Forwarding IPDTGFWD parameter is discussed IP Datagram Forwarding Specifies whether your system should forward datagrams destined for other networks The default value is NO Step 5 Configuring TCP IP R
95. mation Note When starting the first TCP IP interface associated with an Integrated xSeries Server for iSeries also known as File Server Input Output Processor and FSIOP network server description a considerable amount of time may pass before the interface becomes active This is because TCP IP activation includes starting the network server The amount of time that is required Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 35 depends mainly on machine use and the size of the processor To determine whether the interface has started view the messages in the QTCPIP job log and the QSYSOPR message queue Ending TCP IP Interfaces The ENDTCPIFC End TCP IP Interface command ends an existing TCP IP interface immediately As a result all TCP IP connections using this interface also end immediately However the operation of any other TCP or IP over SNA interface using the same line description as the interface that is ending is not affected TCP IP interfaces can be ended in one of two ways e Using the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display which is reached by Option 1 on the Configure TCP IP CFGTCP menu Option 1 on the Network Status NETSTAT or WRKTCPSTS menu e Using the ENDTCPIFC End TCP IP Interface command To end a TCP IP interface from the Work with TCP IP Interface Status menu 1 Type 10 in the option field for each interface that you want to end 2 Press the Enter key To end a TCP IP interf
96. mote system Familiarize yourself with the TCP IP Administration Menu The TCP IP Administration menu provides easy access to common functions associated with administering TCP IP To get to this menu enter the GO TCPADM command from the iSeries Main Menu Familiarize ae with the Configure TCP IP Menu The Configure TCP IP menu guides you through all the tasks for configuring your server to communicate with other systems in a TCP IP network You can reach this menu in two ways e Select option 1 on the TCPADM menu e Enter the Configure TCP IP CFGTCP command TCP IP Planning Checklists The following checklists Table 1 and Table 2 on page 4 can help you prepare for the installation and configuration of TCP IP on your network e Line description parameters e Local TCP IP host information Line Description Parameters Checklist Table 1 Line Description Parameters Line Type ELAN TRLAN WLS DDI FR X25 ASYNC PPP TDLC Resource name R R R R R R R Local adapter address O O O O Speed O O O O O O O SSAP session services O O O O O access point Maximum frame size O O O O O O O O Local manager mode Attached non switched R NWI name Data link connection ID R Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 3 Table 1 Line Description Parameters continued Line Type ELAN TRLAN WLS DDI FR X25 ASYNC PPP TDLC Network controller
97. n and Reference V5R1 Summary of changes This is the fifth edition of TCP IP Configuration and Reference Most topics from the fourth edition of TCP IP Configuration and Reference have been moved to the iSeries Information Center See the iSeries Information Center for information on the following relocated topics Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP Domain Name Server DNS Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP File Transfer Protocol FTP Line Printer Daemon LPD Line Printer Requester LPR Point to Point Protocol PPP Post Office Protocol POP Remote Execution REXEC Route Daemon RouteD Telnet Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP Troubleshooting Workstation Gateway Server WSG This edition of TCP IP Configuration and Reference retains basic information on configuring Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and operating and managing the network New features in this edition include the EZ Setup Wizard as the preferred method for configuring TCP IP on the iSeries and the addition of links to supplementary information in the iSeries Information Center and on the World Wide Web Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 xi xii OS 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP This chapter explains how to configure an iSeries 400 server for Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP If this is the first time that you have configured TCP IP on an iSeries yo
98. n host are taken care of How IP Responds to Negative Advice When receiving negative advice from TCP or the data link layer concerning a next hop gateway IP marks all routes that use this gateway as suspect IP attempts to deliver data destined for the suspect gateway via routes that use other gateways if any are configured Next an IP process is started that uses periodic PING requests to attempt to contact the suspect next hop gateway If the suspect gateway continues to be unresponsive for an extended period of time the frequency of the PING requests is reduced When any PING response is received from a suspect gateway the gateway is considered active and the routes are restored Notes about IP Responses to Negative Advice 1 If an ICMP redirect message is received during dead gateway processing routes to a suspect gateway may be temporarily restored However dead gateway PING processing is not interrupted and subsequent negative advice forces the IP routing table back to its previously adjusted state 2 Responses from user initiated PINGs can also indicate that a suspect gateway is active 3 Negative advice is not passed from the UDP or RAW IP protocol machines Applications using these protocols must use other mechanisms to detect and respond to apparent network problems However data link layer negative advice is still used to manage problems with the first hop gateway Multihoming Function A multihomed host has m
99. n the MTU parameter of the route or interface commands mentioned previously It also depends on the type of physical line that you use the maximum frame size of the network line and the SSAP maximum frame size Determining the Maximum Size of Datagrams For a communications line specify the maximum frame size on the appropriate Create Line Description command The maximum frame size is compared to the MTU value of the route or interface TCP IP uses the lesser of these two values to determine the maximum size of datagrams that it sends by over this line For example if you specify 1024 for the MTU parameter for a route attached to a communications line and the line description contained a value of 512 for a maximum frame size the maximum datagram size value for the route that TCP IP uses is 512 If the line is varied off and you change the maximum frame size on the Token ring line description to 1994 and then the line is varied on the maximum transmission unit used for the route is reset to 1024 when the next TCP IP operation occurs that causes a datagram to be sent Appendix A Configuring a Physical Line for TCP IP Communication 77 78 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs Certain TCP IP applications provide exit points that enable them to call customer written exit programs This appendix contains the following information e Conceptual information on TCP IP exit p
100. ng the command line interface will guide you through configuring TCP IP on your iSeries server 1 Configuring line descriptions 2 Configuring TCP IP interfaces Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 9 Configuring TCP IP routes Configuring TCP IP attributes Configuring remote system information X 25 Configuring host table entries Configuring local domain and host name Starting TCP IP Verifying TCP IP connection SOON OT Pw k Saving the TCP IP configuration m Important Note To perform the configuration steps discussed throughout this chapter you need the special authority of IOSYSCFG defined in your user profile Step 1 Configuring a Line Description iSeries TCP IP supports various local area network LAN and wide area network WAN connection types Ethernet token ring SDDI and FDDI wireless LAN X 25 SVC and permanent virtual circuit PVC Async for SLIP Point to Point PPP and frame relay Refer to Appendix guring a a e fo BETET for information about how to configure an Ethernet line for TCP IP communications These are the important parameters for configuring a line description e Line description name e Resource name e Local adapter address e Ethernet standard e Source service access point SSAP list The SSAP X AA required for an IEEE 802 3 Ethernet is automatically allocated if you use the SYSGEN special value When TCP IP starts an interface the line controller and de
101. nt FTP server REXEC server and TFTP server This allows the use of one exit program for request validation of any combination of these applications The same interface format is used for server log on processing for the FTP server and REXEC server applications This allows the use of one exit program to process log on requests for both of these applications For a detailed description of the DHCP exit points and how to use them see System API Referencd http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5r1 ic2924 info apis api htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Creating Exit Programs There are several steps involved in designing and writing exit programs They include 1 Review the purpose of the exit point and the format of its interface 2 Define the scope and operation of your exit program 3 Design the exit program 4 Code the exit program 5 Add the exit program to the appropriate exit point in the registration facility See g g g for instructions on how to do this Note Only users with both SECADM and ALLOBJ authority are allowed to add and remove TCP IP application exit programs 6 Test your exit program e Tests for each user ID e Tests for each operation The most important step in establishing security exit programs is verifying that the exit program works You must assure tha
102. o configure port restrictions unless you are writing your own TCP IP applications and you want to reserve the use of the applications to certain user profiles Note For an installation in which user written programs use ports other than the well known ports you can consider restricting the use of the well known ports to the user profiles running the server application As an example for File Transfer Protocol FTP this would be user profile QTCP Configuring TCP IP Port Restrictions To configure TCP IP port restrictions type option 4 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Work with TCP IP Port Restrictions display is shown Figure 55 a Work with TCP IP Port Restrictions System SYSNAMQ3 Type options press Enter 1 Add 4 Remove Port Range User Opt Lower Upper Protocol Profile _ ONLY 1050 1059 TCP PAOLO Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list F12 Cancel F17 Top F18 Bottom K A Figure 55 Work with TCP IP Port Restrictions Display Type option 1 Add at the input capable top list entry to get to the Add TCP IP Port Entry ADDTCPPORT display shown in foe eed You can go directly to this display by typing ADDTCPPORT on any command line and pressing F4 Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 63 Add TCP IP Port Restriction ADDTCPPORT Type choices press Enter Range of port values Lower value s s soe woe es 1060 1 65535 Upper value s mocs s aus aes gt ONLY 1 65535 ON
103. oices press Enter EXI DO HE rere E retest gt QIBM_QTMT_WSG Exit point format s s se mas gt QAPP0O100 Name Programonumber es e a e en ees 1 1 2147483647 LOW HIGH Programo areae vs cet its ee dees oe gt YOURPGM Name i Dray ayer oy ome cscs E gt YOURLIB Name CURLIB Text descriptions soe s s em s gt Description of your exit program Additional Parameters Replace existing entry gt NO YES NO Create exit point NO YES NO More F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More keys Figure 67 Adding an Exit Program Display 3 Add Exit Program ADDEXITPGM N Type choices press Enter Exit program data Coded character set ID JOB Number NONE JOB Lengthwof data s e e e 3 wis 0 2048 CALC Program datan ses sonst ies ac heres Figure 68 Adding an Exit Program Display 4 Removing Exit Programs To remove an exit program from an exit point do one of the following e Follow the steps for adding an exit point until the Work with Exit Programs display is shown Select option 4 Remove to remove the exit program e Use the Remove Exit Program RMVEXITPGM command When you remove an exit program that performs a security related operation this operation is no longer performed Remove security related exit programs with caution 84 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Exit Point Interfaces for T
104. oints and programs e General instructions on creating exit programs for TCP IP applications e Descriptions of the TCP IP application exit point interfaces e Specific instructions on how to prepare exit programs for each TCP IP application exit point with examples TCP IP Exit Points and Exit Programs An exit point is a specific point in the TCP IP application program where control may be passed to an exit program An exit program is a program to which the exit point passes control For each exit point there is an associated programming interface called an exit point interface The exit point uses this interface to pass information between the TCP IP application and the exit program Each exit point has a unique name Each exit point interface has an exit point format name that defines how information is passed between the TCP IP application and the customer written exit program Different exit points may share the same exit point interface When this is the case multiple exit points can call a single exit program Figure 62 shows how parameters and control are passed from the TCP IP application program to the customer written exit program and back again AS 400 TCP IP Exit Point Customer Application Interface Exit Program Processing flow 1 TCP IP application passes request parameters to the exit program 2 Exit program processes request parameters 3 Exit program returns information to the TCP IP application 4 TCP IP appli
105. on Ethernet CRTLINETH Frame relay Create Line Description Frame Relay Network CRTLINFR Frame relay NWI using a frame relay token ring Ethernet or DDI line description ISDN NWI using an X 25 line description The frame relay NWI is created using the Create Network Interface Frame Relay Network CRTNWIFR command The line description is created using the appropriate Create Line Description command and attached to the frame relay NWI by specifying the NWI and NWIDLCI parameters The ISDN NWI is created using the Create Network Interface ISDN CRTNWUSDN command The X 25 line is created using the Create Line X 25 CRTLINX25 command and attached to the ISDN NWI by specifying the NWI NWICHLTYPE NWICHLNBR and SWTNWILST parameters Point to Point Create Line Description PPP CRTLINPPP See http publib boulder ibm com pubs htm1 as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzaiy rzaiylinkline htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Token ring Create Line Description Token Ring Network CRTLINTRN Twinax Create Line Description TDLC CRTLINTDLC Wireless Create Line Description Wireless Network CRTLINWLS X 25 Create Line Description X 25 CRTLINX25 You can describe the characteristics of the communications controllers by using the Create Controller Description Network CRTC
106. on 13 subnetting definition 13 SVC switched virtual circuit obtaining a network address 2 switched virtual circuit SVC obtaining a network address 2 system name displaying 19 listing 19 T tables required for socket applications 65 TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol attributes 16 ending End TCP IP ENDTCP command 26 installation and configuration planning 2 interface entry 10 job description 71 QAPPCTCP 25 QSNMPSA 25 QTCPIP 25 QTFTPxxxxx 25 QTGTELNETS 25 QTLPDxxxxx 25 QTMSNMP_ 25 QTMSNMPRCV_ 25 QTSMTPBRCL 25 QTSMTPBRSR 25 QTSMTPCLNT 25 Index 99 TCP IP Transmission Control X 25 continued Protocol Internet Protocol continued DDN conversion algorithm 17 QTSMTPSRVR 25 obtaining network addresses 2 planning for installation and permanent virtual circuit PVC 2 configuration 2 switched virtual circuit SVC 2 QSYSWRK subsystem 25 starting 24 TCP IP Administration TCPADM menu 2 TCP IP servers starting 24 TCPONLY parameter 73 Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP attributes 16 interface entry 10 job description 71 QAPPCTCP 25 QSNMPSA 25 QTCPIP 25 QOTFTPxxxxx 25 QTGTELNETS 25 QTLPDxxxxx 25 QTMSNMP 25 QTMSNMPRCV 25 QTSMTPBRCL 25 QTSMTPBRSR 25 QTSMTPCLNT 25 QTSMTPSRVR_ 25 QSYSWRK subsystem 25 starting 24 U user profile definition 64 V Verify TCP IP Connection VFYTCPCNN command 27 verifying TCP IP connections 27 VFYTCPCNN Verify TCP IP
107. on herein these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication IBM may make improvements and or changes in the product s and or the program s described in this publication at any time without notice Any references in this information to non IBM Web sites are provided for convenience only and do not in any manner serve as an endorsement of those Web sites The materials at those Web sites are not part of the materials for this IBM product and use of those Web sites is at your own risk Licensees of this program who wish to have information about it for the purpose of enabling i the exchange of information between independently created Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 93 programs and other programs including this one and ii the mutual use of the information which has been exchanged should contact IBM Corporation Software Interoperability Coordinator 3605 Highway 52 N Rochester MN 55901 7829 U S A Such information may be available subject to appropriate terms and conditions including in some cases payment of a fee The licensed program described in this information and all licensed material available for it are provided by IBM under terms of the IBM Customer Agreement or any equivalent agreement between us COPYRIGHT LICENSE This information contains sample application programs in source language which illustrates programming techniques on various operating platforms You may copy modify and
108. or IP over SNA interfaces because IP over SNA does not use specific line descriptions Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 41 fa Work with Configuration Status SYSNAMO4 D 04 26 94 15 55 58 Position to s a 3 3 lt Starting characters Type options press Enter l Vary on 2 Vary off 5 Work with job 8 Work with description 9 Display mode status Opt Description Status teen eee Jobe lt s22222cs TRNLINE ACTIVE TRNLINET ACTIVE TRNLITCP ACTIVE QTCPIP QTCP 007936 N S Figure 33 Work with Configuration Status Displaying TCP IP Network Status Information In addition to working with network status functions the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu allows you to display current information about your TCP IP network including multicast groups TCP IP interfaces and associated routes to name a few Display Multicast Groups To display the multicast groups associated with an interface 1 On the Work with TCP IP Interface Status display type 14 in the option field for each interface for which you want to see the associated multicast groups 2 Press the Enter key Figure 34 on page 43 illustrates the display of the multicast groups for an Ethernet interface If you have requested multicast group information for more than one interface press the Enter key to review the remaining displays 42 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Display Multicast Host Groups System
109. oute Opt Destination Mask Hop Available 9 125 87 0 255 255 2550 DIRECT YES 9 125 87 0 255 255 25020 DIRECT YES 9 125 109 3 HOST 9 125 87 17 YES 127 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 DIRECT YES DFTROUTE NONE 9 125 87 169 YES DFTROUTE NONE 9 125 87 250 YES Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list Fll Display route type F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F17 Top F18 Bottom Na Figure 27 Display TCP IP Route Information Display 1 of 2 To view the second displ is presented as shown in F11 Display next hop Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics ress F11 Display route type The route information pee FU Daly To return to the first display press 37 S gt Display TCP IP Route Information System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details Route Type of Route Route Route Opt Destination Service MTU Type Source 9 125 87 0 MAXTHRPUT 1989 DIRECT CFG 9 125 87 0 NORMAL 1989 DIRECT CFG 9 125 109 3 MINDELAY 576 HOST ICMP 127 0 0 0 NORMAL 576 DIRECT CFG DFTROUTE MAXTHRPUT 1989 DFTROUTE CFG DFTROUTE NORMAL 1989 DFTROUTE CFG Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list F1l Display next hop F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F17 Top F18 Bottom XS E Figure 28 Display TCP IP Route Information Display 2 of 2 To view detailed information about a specific route type 5 in the option field next to the route and press the Enter key Routes listed on the Display TCP IP Ro
110. ove 5 Display 9 Start 10 End Internet Subnet Line Line Opt Address Mask Description Type 9 4 73 65 255 255 255 192 X25LINE X25 Se 127207051 255 0 0 0 LOOPBACK NONE a O E ES 255 255 255 0 X25LINE X25 F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list Fll Display interface status F12 Cancel F17 Top F18 Bottom S Figure 53 Work with TCP IP Interfaces Display Multihoming Type of Service TOS Type of Service TOS is a parameter defined to indicate a quality of the service desired by an application program It is specified within a single octet of the IP datagram header and it is used to select Internet service It denotes how the Internet hosts and routers should make trade offs between throughput delay reliability and cost TOS is used to identify and select the actual transmission characteristics for a particular network the interface and the route to be used when routing an Internet datagram The TOS values are mapped into the actual TOS value of the particular network a datagram is going through All of the values are mutually exclusive The TOS values are defined through the Add TCP IP Interface ADDTCPIFC and Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE commands The possible selections are as follows NORMAL Normal service is used for delivery of datagrams MINDELAY Minimize delay means that prompt delivery is important for datagrams with this indication MAXTHRPUT Maximize throughput means that high data rate is important for datag
111. play 1 of 2 a Display TCP IP Connection Totals System SYSNAMO4 UDP send information Datagrams sent vc syare Spica ew ae se eee 10 UDP receive information Datagrams received s s s os oo we we ws FOO Datagrams not delivered 0 Application port not found 0 Other datagrams in error s s s s s s a 0 X A Figure 45 Display TCP IP Connection Totals Display 2 of 2 TCP IP Host Tables Host tables are a method for mapping host names to IP addresses This is done by using a hosts file for name to address resolution Because the host table lacks the structure to list names in any hierarchical order names assigned to hosts must be unique In the topics that follow you will find discussions about the overall management of TCP IP host tables Instructions for merging host tables and managing a host table from a central site are included Successful TCP IP host table maintenance also includes periodically evaluating whether or not to use a DNS server to manage your network The DNS server is often the preferred alternative to host tables for the purpose of managing IP addresses and host names particularly in large network environments However even some small organizations that access the Internet require a DNS server to meet their name service needs 50 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Managing TCP IP Host Tables In a large network it can be more efficient to administer iSeries TCP
112. ple systems configuring 53 N NETSTAT Network Status command 33 network interface types supported 75 Network Status NETSTAT command 33 network status for TCP IP connections display 40 48 display totals 49 end 40 general information 38 ending interfaces 36 interface display associated routes 44 work with configuration status 41 interface status display 43 work with 34 route information display 37 46 starting interfaces 35 work with 33 next hop 13 definition 13 Notices 93 P packet forwarding 16 Packet Internet Groper PING command 27 packet routing 16 parameter maximum transmission unit MTU 77 MTU maximum transmission unit 77 TCPONLY 73 performance BASE pool size 71 merging host tables 73 TCP IP jobs 71 permanent virtual circuit PVC example 67 obtaining a network address 2 physical line 75 PING Packet Internet Groper command 27 planning TCP IP installation and configuration 2 pool size 71 port definition 62 restriction 62 preferred binding interface 13 profile 64 PVC permanent virtual circuit example 67 obtaining a network address 2 Q QAPP0100 81 QAPPCTCP server job 25 QSNMPSA server job 25 QSYSWRK subsystem 25 QTCPIP server job 25 QTFTPxxxxx server job 25 QTGTELNETS server job 25 QTLPDxxxxx server job 25 QTMSNMP server job 25 QTMSNMPRCY server job 25 QTSMTPBRCL job 25 QTSMTPBRSR job 25 QTSMTPCLNT job 25 QTSMTPSRVR job 25 R registration facility adding exit program
113. ption 6 End TCP IP servers Select this option to issue the End TCP IP Server ENDTCPSVR command This command is used to end the TCP IP application servers that are shipped with OS 400 or the TCP IP licensed program 5769 TC1 This command ends the TCP IP application server jobs in the QSYSWRK subsystem e Option 7 Work with TCP IP network status Select this option to issue the Work with TCP IP Network Status WRKTCPSTS command This command is used to view and manage the status information of your TCP IP and IP over Systems Network Architecture SNA interfaces routes and connections This command is the iSeries version of the TCP IP NETSTAT Network Status command NETSTAT is also shipped as an iSeries command e Option 8 Verify TCP IP connection Select this option to issue the Verify TCP IP Connection VFYTCPCNN command This command tests the TCP IP connection between your system and a remote system The VFYTCPCNN command is the iSeries version of the TCP IP PING Packet InterNet Groper command PING is also shipped as an iSeries command e Option 9 Start TCP IP FTP session Select this option to issue the Start TCP IP FTP STRTCPFTP command This command is used to start a file transfer using TCP IP This command is the iSeries version of the TCP IP FTP File Transfer Protocol command FTP is also shipped as an iSeries command e Option 10 Start TCP IP TELNET session Select this option to issue the Start TCP IP TELNET STRT
114. py Library CD ROM The iSeries Information Center contains advisors and important topics such as CL commands system application programming interfaces APIs logical partitions clustering Java TCP IP Web serving and secured networks It also includes links to related IBM Redbooks and Internet links to other IBM Web sites such as the Technical Studio and the IBM home page With every new hardware order you receive the following CD ROM information e iSeries 400 Installation and Service Library SK3T 4096 00 This CD ROM contains PDF manuals needed for installation and system maintenance of an IBM server iSeries 400 server e iSeries 400 Setup and Operations CD ROM SK3T 4098 00 This CD ROM contains IBM iSeries Client Access Express for Windows and the EZ Setup wizard Client Access Express offers a powerful set of client and server capabilities for connecting PCs to iSeries servers The EZ Setup wizard automates many of the iSeries setup tasks Operations Navigator IBM iSeries Operations Navigator is a powerful graphical interface for managing your iSeries and AS 400e servers Operations Navigator functionality includes system navigation configuration planning capabilities and online help to guide you through your tasks Operations Navigator makes operation and administration of the server easier and more productive and is the only user interface to the new advanced features of the OS 400 operating system It also inclu
115. r operation identifiers 4 through 8 the operation specific information contains the name of the file on which the operation is to be performed The file name is formatted as an absolute path name For operation identifier 9 the operation specific information contains the iSeries Control Language CL command which is to be run at the user s request Note See for a summary of the operation specific information that is required for each operation identifier Length of operation specific information INPUT BINARY 4 Indicates the length in bytes of the operation specific information or 0 if no operation specific information is provided Allow operation OUTPUT BINARY 4 Indicates whether the operation should be accepted or rejected The valid values are as follows 1 Never allow this operation identifier e This operation identifier is to be unconditionally rejected for the remainder of the current session e The exit program will not be called again for this operation identifier 0 Reject the operation 1 Allow the operation 2 Always allow this operation identifier e This operation identifier is to be allowed unconditionally for the remainder of the current session e The exit program will not be called again with this operation identifier Usage Notes For FTP if the returned Allow operation output parameter is not valid the FTP application will not allow the operation and the message Data from exit program for e
116. ram must be installed 4 Assign names and Internet addresses If you are attaching to an existing network you need to know the Internet addresses and names used by the other systems Depending on the size of your network and its complexities determine whether a host table or a DNS server is the preferred method for maintaining and updating host name and IP address associations In this chapter refer to 2 S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 g g able 1 For information about configuring and using a DNS server see http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzakk rzakkkickoff htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Obtain X 25 network addresses If you plan to use TCP IP on an X 25 private or public data network you need to know whether you will be using a switched virtual circuit SVC or permanent virtual circuit PVC e To use an SVC you need to know the network address of each remote system in the network with which you want to communicate e To use a PVC you need to know the related logical channel identifier You can have a network address or a permanent virtual circuit but not both for a remote system information entry If a remote system is an iSeries you can determine its network address by using the Display Line Description DSPLIND command on that re
117. rams with this indication MAXRLB Maximize reliability means that a higher level of effort to ensure delivery is important for datagrams with this indication MINCOST Minimize monetary cost means that lower cost is important for datagrams with this indication 60 05 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 The following table shows which type of services your server uses for some of the TCP IP applications Table 6 AS 400 TCP IP applications and Type of Services Protocol or Application Type of Service Used TELNET Normal FTP control connection Minimize delay FTP data connection Maximize throughput SMTP command phase Minimize delay SMTP data phase Maximize throughput POP all phases Maximize throughput SNMP Maximize reliability Thus TOS is a suggestion not a demand to the interface if more than one is present in the system and to the routing algorithms If a TCP IP subsystem knows more than one interface and more than one possible route to a given destination it uses the TOS to select one with characteristics closest to that desired TOS Example For example suppose the system can select between a low capacity nonswitched line or a high bandwidth but high delay satellite connection e Datagrams carrying keystrokes from a user to a remote computer could have the type of service set to MINDELAY requesting that they be delivered as quickly as possible e Datagrams carry
118. reated an application can use the setsockopt function to control the multicast characteristics associated with that socket The setsockopt function accepts the following IPPROTO_IP level flags e IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP Joins the multicast group specified e IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP Leaves the multicast group specified e IP_MULTICAST_IF Sets the interface over which outgoing multicast datagrams should be sent e IP_MULTICAST_TTL Sets the time to live TTL in the IP header for outgoing multicast datagrams e IP_MULTICAST_LOOP Specifies whether or not a copy of an outgoing multicast datagram should be delivered to the sending host as long as it is a member of the multicast group For additional information about sockets including sample programs see Backetd http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzab6 rzab6soxoverview htm in the Information Center The http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info apis api htm documents the sockets API If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information Multicast Restrictions Multicast does not map well to all types of physical lines For this reason it is not supported on all lines For example a switched network such as X 25 does not lend itself to multicast applications because no mechanism exists for transmitting a single packet to all systems in the network that have joined a
119. record this information Gathering Information About your Network After collecting the preliminary information about your network plan the installation and configuration of TCP IP by using the steps that are listed below 1 Draw a diagram of your network A diagram will help you decide how you want to attach your iSeries server to the other systems in the network Include data that relates to your network such as e Line description information e Internet Protocol addresses and domain names e The number of route entries that are required Refer to able 1 on page 4 2 Identify the names of the systems in your network For example do either of the following e Build a local host table e Identify a Domain Name System DNS server for maintaining host table entries 3 Install the appropriate hardware and software You must install the appropriate hardware adapters in your server if you are going to connect to the following networks e X 25 packet switching e Frame relay e Token ring e Ethernet e Fiber distributed data interface FDDI e Shielded twisted pair distributed data interface SDDI e Wireless local area network LAN e Synchronous or asynchronous communications line e Twinaxial data link support TDLC You also need to make sure that the appropriate software is installed on all the systems On the iSeries server the OS 400 licensed program and the TCP IP Connectivity Utilities for iSeries licensed prog
120. resh F6 Print F10 Display IP options F12 Cancel F14 Display port numbers F22 Display entire field Figure 43 Display TCP IP Connection Status Display 3 of 3 Displaying Connection Totals To display a summary of TCP and UDP counts press F10 on the Work with TCP IP Connection Status display The counts provided are a cumulative summary of all TCP and UDP activity since the last time the STRTCP Start TCP command was issued The information in Figure 44 on page 50 and Figure 45 on page 50 shows TCP and UDP counts that are maintained for Simple Network Management Protocol Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 49 SNMP For additional information about SNMP see resources in the Information Center Supplemental Manuals 9 Display TCP IP Connection Totals D System SYSNAM04 TCP connection information Currently established s sc 2 4 TET ea 8 1 ACEIVESOPENS oora mr e care ne tatsce ey er er ees sk LO Passive opens o s D Attempted opens that failed gt s s se sss 0 Established and then reset 0 TCP send information Segments Sent s s s s a s e a noo we ee 108 Retransmitted segments 10 Reset segments soes gee es ee ee ee OO TCP receive information Segments neceived e n e ve eee Ales 117 Segments received in error 0 More Press Enter to continue F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print F12 Cancel Ss y Figure 44 Display TCP IP Connection Totals Dis
121. ribute for an application do either of the following e Select option 2 from the TCP IP Administration menu e Option 20 from the TCP IP Configuration menu 24 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Using the Start TCP IP Server STRTCPSVR command starts the servers individually or together You can monitor the jobs with option 20 Work with TCP IP jobs in QSYSWRK subsystem from the TCP IP Administration menu If you want TCP IP processing and any related TCP IP servers to start automatically at the initial program load IPL add STRTCP to the QSTRUP CL program Note If they are installed the Client Access host servers are automatically started when TCP IP is started Changing the IPL Start Up Program The autostart job in the controlling subsystem transfers control to the program specified in the system value QSTRUPPGM You can tailor this program For instructions on how to create your own IPL start up program see Wark Managemen http publib boulder ibm com pubs html as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzaks rzaks1 htm in the Information Center If you are using the Supplemental Manuals CD then switch to the iSeries Information Center CD to access this information REMINDER Host Table Conversion If you had a pre V3R1M0 version of TCP IP installed on your iSeries and you had a local host table with more than 75 entries use one of the host table configuration commands such as CHGTCPHTE or MRGTCPHT before you run the STRTC
122. rk to which this interface is attached appear to be part of the same network that the associated local interface is attached to This is referred to as transparent subnetting Transparent subnetting allows TCP IP traffic to flow between the two physical networks without defining additional routing This is only valid for broadcast capable networks This also requires the Internet address for Add TCP IP Interface ADDTCPIFC to be configured in the same network as the associated local interface An additional requirement is for the subnet mask that is defined for the associated local interface Automatic start Refers to whether the TCP IP interface is started automatically whenever TCP IP is started The default setting is YES If you choose NO you must start the interface yourself by using the STRTCPIFC command or by selecting option 9 Start on the Work with TCP IP Interfaces display as shown in To add a TCP IP interface do the following 1 Enter GO TCPADM to get the TCP IP Administration menu 2 Select option 1 to get to the Configure TCP IP menu 3 Select option 1 on the Configure TCP IP menu The Work with TCP IP Interfaces display is shown in Figure 4 onl 4 Type option 1 Add at the input capable top list entry on this display to z to the Add TCP IP Interfaces ADDTCPIFC display as shown in You can go directly to this display by typing ADDTCPIFC command on any command line and pressing F4 iSeries TCP IP supports m
123. rmation such as DIRECT routes when TCP IP starts A change may also occur if the configuration data that was sent to TCP IP when it starts is changed dynamically by TCP IP applications that run after you start TCP IP Several types of processing alter the initial TCP IP configuration e Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP requests e Sockets ioctl system calls e Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP requests e iSeries TCP IP internal processing Work with TCP IP Network Status Menu The Work with TCP IP Network Status menu allows you to work with the various network status functions To display the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu take these steps 1 Type the WRKTCPSTS Work with TCP IP Network Status command or the NETSTAT Network Status command 2 Press the Enter key See igure 24 on page 34 Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 33 L D Work with TCP IP Network Status System SYSNAMO4 Select one of the following 1 Work with TCP IP interface status 2 Display TCP IP route information 3 Work with TCP IP connection status Figure 24 Work with TCP IP Network Status Work with TCP IP Interface Status The Work with TCP IP Interface Status display as shown in Figure 25 provides the most current summary of interface activity This display allows you to view TCP IP interface information for selected interfaces and to start or end TCP IP interfaces To view the Work with TCP IP Interface Status di
124. rting FTP to remote system 53 successful merge 53 unsuccessful merge 53 using AIX files 51 using NIC files 51 ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol redirect message 54 interface binding with routes 36 definition 10 End TCP IP Interfaces ENDTCPIFC command 36 exit point 79 98 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 interface continued Start TCP IP Interfaces STRTCPIFC command 35 Internet address displaying 19 listing 19 Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP redirect message 54 IP datagram forwarding 16 IP multicasting host group multicast capable routers 68 subnet 68 IP Routing and Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP redirecting 54 J job log associated with host table merge 52 jobs TCP IP 25 71 L line description configuring 76 creating 76 definition 10 maximum transmission unit 77 types supported 75 local domain and host name configuring 22 definition 22 local domain name 22 local host name 22 LOCALHOST host name 20 M managing host tables 51 multiple systems 53 maximum transmission unit MTU configuring 13 definition 13 parameter description 77 merging host tables 52 performance 73 MTU maximum transmission unit configuring 13 definition 13 parameter description 77 multicast application programming information 68 multicast datagrams 68 multicast restrictions 68 multihoming 56 multiple hosts 56 multiple logical interfaces 56 multiple routes description 61 multi
125. s a LOOPBACK interface it also automatically adds an entry to your local host table to associate the IP address 127 0 0 1 with the host names LOOPBACK and LOCALHOST Type option 1 Add at the input capable top list entry to show the Add TCP IP Host Table Entry display Work with TCP IP Host Table Display and show how the host table looks after you enter all hosts explicitly known ie Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries gt System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter 1 Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 7 Rename Internet Host Opt Address Name 9 4 6 129 ROUTER2 _ 9 4 6 134 HPUX _ 9 4 6 138 SPARKY _ 9 4 6 252 MVAX 9 4 73 65 XSYSNAM890 _ 9 4 73 66 XSYSNAM456 _ 9 4 73 129 ESYSNAM890 _ 9 4 73 130 ESYSNAMRS _ 9 4 73 193 ROUTER1 Z 9 4 73 198 SYSNAMRS _ 9 4 73 206 ITALY 9 4 73 207 HOLLAND _ 9 4 73 208 ENGLAND More Sa J Figure 12 Work with Host Table Entries Display 1 of 2 Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 19 a N Work with TCP IP Host Table Entries System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 7 Rename Internet Host Opt Address Name L 92457362111 BERN 9 4 73 212 SYSNAM890 _ 9 4 73 214 MAC TAN _ 9 4 191 76 DNS So 127020 LOOPBACK LOCALHOST K i Figure 13 Work with Host Table Entries Display 2 of 2 The iSeries TCP IP host table is shipped with the LOOPBACK entry The LOOPBACK entry has an Internet address of 127 0 0 1 and two host names LOOP
126. s not found an interface with TOS NORMAL is sought Again if one is not found that route will not be moved e The MTU value for the route that is being moved must be less than or equal to the MTU value for the active interface 36 09 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 e The network ID of the interface must be equal to the logical AND of the next hop for the route and the subnet mask for the interface Notes 1 If the next hop of a route is identical to an interface s IP address that route will never be bound to another interface 2 When starting interfaces if all interfaces are currently inactive routes are bound to the interfaces with the same best match first algorithm An exception is if the route is defined with a preferred binding interface In this case an attempt is made to bind the route to the interface that is indicated If the binding attempt fails then the best match first algorithm is used Display TCP IP Route Information The display TCP IP route information function allows you to view information about TCP IP routes To display TCP IP route information 1 On the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu type 2 on the command line or enter the WRKTCPSTS RTE command 2 Press the Enter key The first of the two Display TCP IP Route Information displays appears as shown in a Display TCP IP Route Information D System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details Route Subnet Next R
127. splay take these steps 1 Type 1 on the command line of the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu or enter the WRKTCPSTS IFC command 2 Press the Enter key Y Work with TCP IP Interface Status gt System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details 8 Display associated routes 9 Start 10 End 12 Work with configuration status Internet Network Line Interface Opt Address Address Description Status 9 125 87 10 9 125 87 0 TRNLINE Active 9 125 87 222 9 125 87 0 TESTTRN Active 127 0 0 1 127 0 0 0 LOOPBACK Active Bottom F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F11 Display line information F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F24 More keys Ke E Figure 25 Work with TCP IP Interface Status Display 1 of 2 Press F11 to change the contents of the display to include the subnet mask type of service maximum transmission unit MTU and line type as shown in Figure 2d 34 0S 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 E Work with TCP IP Interface Status N System SYSNAMO4 Type options press Enter 5 Display details 8 Display associated routes 9 Start 10 End 12 Work with configuration status Internet Subnet Type of Line Opt Address Mask Service MTU Type 9 125 87 10 255 2552550 MAXTHRPUT 1989 TRLAN 9 125 87 222 25532552255 0 NORMAL 1989 TRLAN 1275 ST 255 0 20 0 NORMAL 576 NONE S A Figure 26 Work with TCP IP Interface Status Display 2 of 2 Starting TCP IP Interfaces TCP IP interfaces are start
128. t Validation QIBM_QTMF_SVR_LOGON TCPLO100 YES FTP Server Logon QIBM_QTMT_WSG QAPPO100 YES WSG Server Sign On Validation More Command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel y A Figure 63 Work with Registration Information Display Display 1 Step 1 Select your exit point Type 8 next to the exit point to which you want to add an exit program For example to associate a program with the WSG server sign on validation exit point type an 8 next to this exit point as shown P QIBM_QSY_RST_PROFILE RSTPO100 YES Restore User Profile Exit Poi gt QIBM_QTF_TRANSFER TRANO100 YES Original File Transfer Functi QIBM_QTMF_CLIENT_REQ VLRQO100 YES FTP Client Request Validation QIBM_QTMF_SERVER_REQ VLRQO100 YES FTP Server Request Validation QIBM_QTMF_SVR_LOGON TCPLO100 YES FTP Server Logon 8 QIBM_QTMT_WSG QAPP0100 YES WSG Server Sign On Validation More Command gt F3 Exit F4 Prompt F9 Retrieve F12 Cancel Figure 64 Work with Registration Information Display Display 2 The Work with Exit Programs display is shown 82 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 a N Work with Exit Programs Exit point QIBM_QTMT_WSG Format QAPP0100 Type options press Enter l Add 4 Remove 5 Display 10 Replace Exit Program Exit Opt Number Program Library No exit programs found Figure 65 Adding an Exit Program Display 1 Step 2 Select the Add Exit Program option
129. t the security wall works and does not have any weaknesses Notes 1 If the exit program fails or returns an incorrect output parameter the operation will not be allowed by the TCP IP application 2 To ensure the highest level of security create the exit program in a library that has PUBLIC authority of EXCLUDE and give the exit program itself a PUBLIC authority of EXCLUDE The TCP IP application adopts authority when it is necessary to resolve and call the exit program Adding Your Exit Program to the Registration Facility To add your exit program run the Work with Registration Information WRKREGINF command The following display is shown Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 81 S Work with Registration Information Type options press Enter 5 Display exit point 8 Work with exit programs Exit Exit Point Opt Point Format Registered Text QIBM_QRQ_SQL RSQLO100 YES Original Remote SQL Server QIBM_QSY_CHG_PROFILE CHGPO100 YES Change User Profile Exit Poin QIBM_QSY_CRT_PROFILE CRTPO100 YES Create User Profile Exit Poin QIBM_QSY_DLT_PROFILE DLTP0100 YES Delete User Profile Exit Poin QIBM_QSY_DLT_PROFILE DLTP0200 YES Delete User Profile Exit Poin QIBM_QSY_RST_PROFILE RSTP0100 YES Restore User Profile Exit Poi QIBM_QTF_TRANSFER TRANO100 YES Original File Transfer Functi QIBM_QTMF_CLIENT_REQ VLRQO100 YES FTP Client Request Validation QIBM_QTMF_SERVER_REQ VLRQ0O100 YES FTP Server Reques
130. ting error occurs when both of the following are true e The remote system information associated with the Internet address is an extended data terminal equipment DTE address e The configured X 25 interface s line does not support X 25 extended addressing Note Any changes that you make to the remote system information take effect immediately Step 6 Configuring TCP IP Host Table Entries Each computer system in your network is called a host The host table allows you to associate a host name to an Internet address This step gives instruction for configuring a host table and host table entries However you should determine early in the configuration planning if a host table or a Domain Name System DNS server is the best option for you in managing host name and IP address translations Whenever possible a DNS server should be used as a replacement for or in addition to the local host table The DNS server is a single source for host names which is one reason that it is often preferred over host tables especially for larger networks The local host table on your server contains a list of the Internet addresses and related host names for your network Host tables map Internet addresses to TCP IP host names Host tables allow users to use an easily remembered name for a system in a network without having to remember the Internet address To configure the mapping of host names to Internet addresses you can use three different
131. tion Service MTU Type Source 9 125 87 0 MAXTHRPUT 1989 DIRECT CFG 9 125 87 0 NORMAL 1989 DIRECT CFG 9 125 109 3 MINDELAY 576 HOST ICMP 127 0 0 0 NORMAL 576 DIRECT CFG DFTROUTE MAXTHRPUT 1989 DFTROUTE CFG DFTROUTE NORMAL 1989 DFTROUTE CFG Bottom F3 Exit F5 Refresh F6 Print list Fll Display next hop F12 Cancel F13 Sort by column F17 Top F18 Bottom Ne E Figure 40 Display TCP IP Route Information Display 2 of 2 To view detailed information about a specific route type 5 in the option field next to the route and press the Enter key See and Chapter 2 TCP IP Operation Management and Advanced Topics 47 Displaying TCP IP Connections You can request more detailed information about TCP IP connections shown on the Work with TCP IP Connection Status display This information includes timing information and transmission statistics for the connection displayed To display more information about the listed TCP IP connections 1 Type 5 in the option field for each connection about which you want more information 2 Press the Enter key A series of up to three displays for each connection appears Press the Page Down key to view the remaining displays The contents of the displays vary depending on the type of connection whether TCP UDP or IPS igure 4 Figure 42 on page 44 and show displays for a TCP connection S Display TCP Connection Status System SYSNAMO4 Connection identification
132. tions Displaying Connection Totals TCP IP Host Tables Managing TCP IP Host Tables Host File Formats S Host Table Information with AIX Files Host Table Information with NIC Files Host Table Information with AS400 Files Tips for Merging Host Tables Merging TCP IP Host Tables Example Successful Host Table Merge Example Partly Successful Host Table Merge Managing the Host Table from a Central Site Step 1 Create the Host Table on Your Central System ey Step 2 Start FTP ta a Remiote System Step 3 Tell FTP to Send the Host File to the Remote System bog RR Oe Soa os Step 4 Merge the File IP Routing and Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Redirecting Dead Gateway Processing Negative Advice from TCP or five Data Link Layer 3 es How IP Responds ta Negative Advice Multihoming Function Example A Single Host on a Network over a Communications Line Example Multiple Hosts on ie Same Network over the Same Communications Line Example Multiple Hosts on the Same Network over Multiple Communications Lines Example Multiple Hosts on Different Networks over the Same Communications Line Example Multiple Hosts on Different Networks over Multiple Communications Lines Example The Multihoming function Type of Service TOS TOS Example Multiple Routes TCP IP Port Restriction Configuring TCP IP Port Restrictions Related Tables and the Host Table Using X 25 PVC instead of SVC
133. to 81 exit point 80 related tables 65 Remote Execution REXEC server exit programs 89 remote system definition 2 determining address on X 25 network 2 Remove Exit Program RMVEXITPGM command 84 removing exit program 84 request validation application exit point interface 85 exit program FTP 85 REXEC Remote Execution server exit programs 89 RMVEXITPGM Remove Exit Program command 84 route default 15 TCP IP route information display 37 46 route destination definition 13 route to interface binding ending interfaces 36 S sending host file to remote system 53 host information using AIX format 51 using AS400 format 51 using NIC format 51 server job QAPPCTCP 25 QSNMPSA 25 QTCPIP 25 QTFTPxxxxx 25 QTGTELNETS 25 QTLPDxxxxx 25 QTMSNMP 25 QTMSNMPRCV 25 QTSMTPBRCL 25 QTSMTPBRSR 25 QTSMTPCLNT 25 QTSMTPSRVR 25 TCP IP 25 setsockopt function 68 shielded twisted pair distributed data interface SDDI 2 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP performance 71 SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol performance 71 sockets SOCK_DGRAM_ 68 source service access point SSAP AA entry 76 Ethernet line 76 special authority IOSYSCFG 10 SSAP source service access point AA entry 76 Ethernet line 76 Start TCP IP Interfaces STRTCPIFC command TCP IP interfaces 35 starting TCP IP and TCP IP servers 24 STRTCPIFC Start TCP IP Interfaces command 35 subnet addressing definition 13 mask definition 13 routing definiti
134. u should read the entire chapter before performing any of the configuration tasks If you are unfamiliar with TCP IP see OS 1A http publib boulder ibm com pubs htm1 as400 v5rl ic2924 info rzahgictcp2 htm in the Information Center refer to the Manuals and Redbooks topic and select IBM redbook TCP IP Tutorial and Technical Overview as a resource For a complete formal description of TCP IP you can read the Request for Comments oon Or refer to any of the TCP IP references that are listed on the http www rfc editor org rfc html What you need to know before you can configure TCP IP Before you start configuring TCP IP you must ensure that the TCP IP Connectivity Utilities for AS 400 licensed program LP is installed on your system See The iSeries has many commands and menus available to help you configure TCP IP on the server Before you begin this task take time to review the TCP IP The initial displays and menus that are shown when you configure TCP IP on your system may not contain any entries The sample command line interface displays in this chapter may already contain data which was entered for the purpose of example in previous configuration steps Performing configuration tasks on a single network or even a simple multiple network requires that you do some planning before configuring TCP IP on any system in that network including an iSeries To help you get started with setting up TCP IP this chapt
135. uccessful Host Table Merge The following example shows the command to merge an imported host table with the local host table MRGTCPHT FROMFILE QUSRSYS MO2HOSTS FILEFMT AS400 REPLACE NO File MO2HOSTS member FIRST successfully merged with host table Example Partly Successful Host Table Merge The following example shows the command to merge an imported host table with the local host table MRGTCPHT FROMFILE QUSRSYS MO3HOSTS FILEFMT AS400 REPLACE NO Duplicate host name SPARKY SYSNAM123 IBM COM at address 9 4 6 138 found host table Duplicate host name MVAX SYSNAM123 IBM COM at address 9 4 6 252 found host table File MO3HOSTS member FIRST merged with host table however error occurred In this example the host table contains entries with the same host name which shows in the message as duplicate host names Managing the Host Table from a Central Site If your network has multiple servers you can define the TCP IP host table on one system and share that table with the other systems This saves you the effort of having to define the host table on each system To do this follow these steps Step 1 Create the Host Table on Your Central System Use the CFGTCP command to configure your host table Select option 10 Work with TCP IP host table entries Your system s host table is stored in member HOSTS of file QATOCHOST in library QUSRSYS Step 2 Start FTP to a Remote System For example if your host table
136. uest Valid anen Exit Point Interface m lice we Required Parameter Group Usage Notes Remote Execution Server Command Processing Selection Exit Point l Required Parameter Group Usage Notes Notices a Programming Interface aR Trademarks Index 80 81 81 82 83 83 84 85 85 85 87 89 89 90 93 94 94 97 About TCP IP Configuration and Reference SC41 5420 This book contains information about configuring Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and operating and managing your network Most topics have been moved to the Information Center Note This book contains links to various topics within the Information Center and to references outside the Information Center The URL addresses for these links are current for V5R1 Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 Y vi OS 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Prerequisite and related information Use the iSeries Information Center as your starting point for looking up iSeries and AS 400e technical information You can access the Information Center two ways e From the following Web site http www ibm com eserver iseries infocenter e From CD ROMs that ship with your Operating System 400 order iSeries Information Center SK3T 4091 00 This package also includes the PDF versions of iSeries manuals iSeries Information Center Supplemental Manuals SK3T 4092 00 which replaces the Softco
137. ultihoming which allows you to specify multiple interfaces for each line description See further information Chapter 1 Configuring TCP IP 11 Add TCP IP Interface ADDTCPIFC Type choices press Enter Internet address e s s s ao oca Eimecdescription s s oe soe r oe Name LOOPBACK VIRTUALIP Subnet mask c seus T cee ges a en Associated local interface NONE Type Of Service s soe moes s NORMAL MINDELAY MAXTHRPUT Maximum transmission unit LIND 5576 16388 LIND Autostart aom cg ce specced ace YES YES NO PVC logical channel identifier 001 FFF for more values X 25 idle circuit timeout 60 1 600 X 25 maximum virtual circuits 64 0 64 X25 DDN interface toe ee ee NO YES NO TRLAN bit sequencing MSB MSB LSB Bottom F3 Exit F4 Prompt F5 Refresh F12 Cancel F13 How to use this display F24 More key A Figure 3 Add TCP IP Interfaces Display When you are finished adding entries the Work with TCP IP Interfaces display looks like Y Work with TCP IP Interfaces N System SYSNAM890 Type options press Enter l Add 2 Change 4 Remove 5 Display 9 Start 10 End Internet Subnet Line Line Opt Address Mask Description Type 9 4 73 129 255 255 255 128 ETHLINE ELAN XN E Figure 4 Work with TCP IP Interfaces Display Note Any change to the TCP IP interfaces configuration except for the automatic start parameter takes effect immediately Step 3 Configuring TCP IP Routes
138. ultiple IP addresses which we may think of as logical interfaces These logical interfaces may be associated with one or more physical interfaces and these physical interfaces may be connected to the same or different networks The iSeries TCP IP implementation supports multihoming This allows you to specify either a single interface or multiple interfaces for a line description You can have your server appear as any one or combination of the following scenarios e A single host on a network over a communications line e Multiple hosts on the same network over the same communications line e Multiple hosts on the same network over multiple communications lines e Multiple hosts on different networks over the same communications line e Multiple hosts on different networks over multiple communications lines 56 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Note The maximum number of interfaces that can be active on a line description at any given time is 128 This is true for all line types for example token ring Ethernet frame relay and so forth Example A Single Host on a Network over a Communications Line Your server uses one adapter for TCP IP to attach to a LAN or WAN network You add one TCP IP interface This TCP IP interface includes the Internet address of your server With this single Internet address your server is part of a single TCP IP network ious 4 AS 400 Single IP Address a Single TCP IP i
139. use the appropriate change line description command and add X AA to the SSAP list If the Ethernet standard prompt value is ALL or IEEE8023 then you must specify X AA as entries in the SSAP list This occurs by default when you create a new line description and leave the SSAP parameter at its default value of SYSGEN 76 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 If the Ethernet standard prompt is ETHV2 the system sends and receives all TCP IP data in Ethernet Version 2 frames You do not need to configure any additional SSAPs for TCP IP Setting the Maximum Transmission Unit The maximum transmission unit MTU parameter that you can enter on the Add TCP IP Interface ADDTCPIFC command Add TCP IP Route ADDTCPRTE command Change TCP IP Interface CHGTCPIFC command or Change TCP IP Route CHGTCPRTE command depends on the type of line that you use The following is a list of the maximum MTU values that you can specify based on the line type Asynchronous SLIP 1006 DDI 4352 Ethernet 802 3 1492 Ethernet Version 2 1500 Frame relay 8177 Point to Point PPP 4096 Token ring 4 meg 4060 Token ring 16 meg 16388 Wireless 802 3 1492 Wireless Version 2 1500 X 25 4096 Notes 1 TCP IP processing uses a small part of each datagram Therefore the whole datagram size is unavailable for user data 2 The value of the maximum transmission unit used by TCP IP processing depends on the value that you specify for the route o
140. ute Information display differ from the routes that are displayed on the Work with TCP IP Routes display Only routes with a route source of CFG and a route type that is not DIRECT can be changed with the Work with TCP IP Routes display Similarly only routes that meet these conditions can be changed or removed with the CHGTCPRTE or RMVTCPRTE commands CFG means the route was added using iSeries configuration commands or is a DIRECT route DIRECT means that the route is to a network or subnetwork to which this system has a direct physical connection This route is not defined with an add route command Work with TCP IP Connection Status The Work with TCP IP Connection Status display allows you to display or end a TCP IP connection between a local system and a remote system To display the Work with TCP IP Connection Status display 1 Type 3 on the command line of the Work with TCP IP Network Status menu or enter the WRKTCPSTS CNN command 2 Press the Enter key The first of the three Work with TCP IP Connection Status displays as shown in To display the second and third Work with TCP IP Connection Status displays press F11 see Figure 30 on page 34 and igure 31 on page 40 To display port numbers instead of port service names press F14 In Figure 29 on page 39 the connections indicate that the FTP server SMTP server and TELNET server are active and ready to receive connection attempts Because no connection has been estab
141. utput processor input output processor IOP These functions may include Copyright IBM Corp 1997 2001 71 Checksum calculation of outgoing TCP and UPD datagrams prior to V4R4 Checksum verification of incoming TCP and UPD datagrams prior to V4R4 Outbound batching of TCP and UDP datagrams Fragmentation of TCP and UDP datagrams into segments that match the MTU size Starting with V4R2 iSeries collects all TCP datagrams in one batch and UDP datagrams in a second batch Ports and IP addresses are ignored Releases prior to V4R2 batch together datagrams at the IOP when these conditions are true The protocol TCP or UDP matches The source and destination ports match The source IP address and destination IP address match They arrive consecutively into the IOP The IOP then passes the datagram batch to IP Handling of IP and ICMP datagrams in error unless IP NAT which disables this function is active Resolving physical addresses using ARP protocol These functions are called TCP IP assist functions Whether these functions are done by the IOP or the System Licensed Internal Code SLIC depends on the IOP type the OS 400 release and the TCP IP configuration For details about specific functions contact your local service representative TCP IP assist functions are available on these IOPs 2617 Ethernet IEEE 802 3 adapter HP 2619 16 4 Mbps Token Ring Network adapter HP 2618 Fiber distributed data
142. vice descriptions are varied on automatically If the controller and device descriptions for a line do not exist TCP IP creates them automatically when it attempts to start an interface using that line This happens at TCP IP startup time if the TCP IP interface that is associated with the newly configured line is set to AUTOSTART YES Step 2 Configuring a TCP IP Interface In an iSeries server each line that connects to a TCP IP network must be assigned to at least one Internet address You do this by configuring or adding a TCP IP interface The additional interfaces are logical interfaces not physical ones These logical interfaces are associated with a line description An interface identifies a direct connection to a network using TCP IP and a physical medium communications line You must consider the following when defining an interface Internet address A 32 bit address assigned to hosts using TCP IP It is associated with the line description 10 08 400 TCP IP Configuration and Reference V5R1 Subnet mask Defines which part of an Internet address forms the subnet subnetwork field of an Internet address An example of a single network subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 Line description Contains information describing a communications line that is attached to To find the names of the currently defined line descriptions use the Work with Line Descriptions WRKLIND command Associated local interface Allows the netwo
143. xit point amp 1 is missing or not valid will be issued to the job log For FTP if any exception is encountered when calling the exit program the FTP application will issue the message Exception encountered for FTP exit program amp l in library amp 2 for exit point amp 3 Two different exit points are provided for the FTP application Exit point QIBM_OTMF_CLIENT_REQ is used to validate requests processed by the FTP client program Exit point QIBM_QTMF_SERVER_REQ is used to validate requests processed by the FTP server program If desired the same exit program can be used to validate requests from both of these exit points summarizes the operation specific information required for each operation identifier Appendix B TCP IP Application Exit Points and Programs 87 Table 10 Application Request Validation Operation Specific Information Operation Identifier Operation Specific Information 0 NONE if application ID 0 0 Dotted decimal format IP address of client host when application ID 1 or 2 1 3 Absolute path name of library or directory QSYS LIB QGPL LIB QOpenSys DirA DirAB DirABC 4 8 Absolute path name of file QSYS LIB MYLIB LIB MYFILE FILE MYMEMB MBR QOpenSys DirA DirAB DirABC FileA1 9 CL command string QSYS LIB file system pathnames are always in uppercase QOpenSys file system pathnames are case sensitive and may be in either upper or lower case able 11 defines the

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