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HP EPM-442A User's Manual

1. Number of 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 Averages Settling Time s 0 15 0 2 0 3 0 5 1 1 1 9 3 4 6 6 13 27 57 Normal Mode Response Time s 0 15 0 18 0 22 0 35 0 55 1 1 1 9 3 5 6 9 14 5 33 x2 mode Auto filter default resolution 10 dB decreasing power step normal and x2 speed modes Normal Mode x2 Mode Maximum dBm Maximum dBm Typical Power Typical Power Settling Sensor Settling Sensor Times Dynamic Times Dynamic Range Range Minimum dBm Minimum dBm HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 9 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics For HP ECP series power sensors In FAST mode within therange 50 dBm to 17 dBm for a 10 dB decreasing power step the settling timeis 20 mst lwWhen a decreasing power step crosses the power sensor s auto range switch point add 25 ms Refer to the rdevant power sensor manual for further information For HP ECP series power sensors in normal and x2 speed modes manual filter 10 dB decreasing power step Table 5 5 Settling Time Number of 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 Averages Settling Time s 0 07 0 12 0 21 0 4 1 18 33 65 13 27 57 Normal Mode Response Time s 0 04 0 07 0 12 0 21 0 4 1 18 3 4 68 14 2 32 x2 mode 5 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics
2. Resolution 1 2 3 4 is setto 3 Offset Rel Off On issetto off Relis set to 0 dBm Offset Off On isset to oft Offset is set to 0 dBm 2 48 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Presetting the Power Meter Inputs e A Table Off On isnot affected e B Table Off 0On is not affected e Filter Off On is set to on e Filter is set to AUTO Duty Cycle Off On is set to off e Duty Cycle is set to 1 000 e Offset Off On isset to off e Offset isset to 0 dB e Range is set to AUTO e Limits is set to 20 000 dBm Max and 70 000 dBm Min e Limits Off On isset to off e Power Ref Off On issetto oft Recorder Output is set to 20 000 dBm Max Power and 70 000 dBm Min Power e Output Off On is set to ort Output A B is set to a Zero Cal e A Ref CF is set to 100 e B Ref CF is set to 100 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 49 Power Meter Operation Self Test Self Test The power meter has three distinct self test modes e power on self test which occurs automatically when you turn on the power meter e confidence check which is accessed via the front panel and requires your assistance in order to verify the POWER REF and measurement path accuracy e troubleshooting mode which is accessed via the front panel or remotely over the HP IB The front panel softkey menu allows you to run individual tests whereas the HP
3. If either a channel or a display offset is set then ofs is displayed To enter a display offset on the currently selected window 1 Press Fra Offset 2 26 HP EPM 442A User s Guide ChA Input gt ChB Input Power Meter Operation Setting Offsets 2 The power meter displays the offset value in a pop up window Modify this offset See below as desired n geia to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use lt or lt gt to move to other digits 3 Toconfirm your choice press dB 4 Offset Off On is automatically set to on when a valueis entered using Offset Display offsets can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Offset Off On The display offset is a function of the window That is if you have selected a two window display each can have its own offset Figure 2 3 and Figure 2 4 display the effects of the channel and display offsets on the power meter s displayed reading Figure 2 3 Effect of Offsets on a Channel Measurement Ch Input with Ch Input with Ch Offset and Ch Offset p READING Ch Input Display Offset Ch Display Isplay UIs ON POWER gt Offset t gt Offset tt gt METER DISPLAY Figure 2 4 Effect of Offsets on a Maths Measurement ChA Input with Ch Offset ChB Offset T gt Result with l l READING Math A B A B _Result__ Display Display Offset Applied
4. 330 330 350 Error Messages Error Messages Self test Failed Measurement Channel A Fault Refer to Measurement Assemblies on page 2 54 if you require a description of the Measurement Assembly test Self test Failed Measurement Channel B Fault Refer to Measurement Assemblies on page 2 54 if you require a description of the Measurement Assembly test Self test Failed Battery Fault Refer to Battery on page 2 54 if you require a description of the battery test Self test Failed Calibrator Fault Refer to Calibrator on page 2 55 if you require a description of the calibrator test Self test Failed ROM Check Failed Refer to ROM Checksum on page 2 54 if you require a description of the ROM Checksum test Self test Failed RAM Check Failed Refer to RAM on page 2 54 if you require a description of the RAM test Self test Failed Display Assy Fault Refer to Display on page 2 55 if you require a description of the Display test Self test Failed Confidence Check Fault ChA Refer to Confidence Check on page 2 52 if you require a description of this test Self test Failed Confidence Check Fault ChB Refer to Confidence Check on page 2 52 if you require a description of this test Queue overflow The error queue is full and another error has occurred which could not be recorded 4 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 410 420 430 440 Error Messages Error
5. Auto filter default resolution 10 dB decreasing power step normal and x2 speed modes Normal Mode x2 Mode Maximum dBm Maximum dBm 70 ms 60 dB 40 ms 60 dB Typical Power Typical Power Settling Sensor Settling Sensor _ Times Dynamic Times Dynamic Range Range 120 ms 10 dB 70 ms 10 dB 400 ms 10 dB 210 ms 10 dB 6 55 10 dB 3 45 10 dB Minimum dBm Minimum dBm HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 11 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Sensor Specifications Definitions Zero Set In any power measurement the power meter must initially be set to zero with no power applied to the power sensor Zero setting is accomplished within the power meter by digitally correcting for residual offsets Zero Drift This parameter is also called long term stability and is the change in the power meter indication over a long time usually one hour for a constant input power at a constant temperature after a defined warm up interval Measurement Noise This parameter is also Known as short term stability and is specified as the change in the power meter indication over a short time interval usually one minute for a constant input power at a constant temperature 5 12 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications General Characteristics General Characteristics Rear Panel Connectors Recorder Output Analog 0 1 Volt 1 KO output impedance BNC connector HP IB Allows communication with an external contr
6. b SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess command 2 42 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Recorder Output Recorder Output The rear panel Recorder Output connector produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the power level in Watts of the selected channel depending on the measurement mode The Recorder Output is disabled 0 V during ratio difference and relative measurements This dc voltage ranges from D to 1 Vdc The output impedance is typically 1 KQ Channel and display offsets and duty cycle have no effect on the Recorder Output For example the Recorder Output can be used to record swept measurements on an X Y recorder e level an output from a source using external leveling or e monitor the output power on a strip chart recorder A setup for recording swept measurements is shown in Figure 2 13 Figure 2 13 Test Setup for Recording Swept Measurements RECORDER OUTPUT etzait Source Device N Under Test 5 D o barrak JE EO SWEEP E GOGO O O CHANNEL A INPUT X AXIS FREQUENCY Y AXIS POWER To access the Recorder menu press CE Recorder Output This menu allows you to switch the Recorder Output signal either on or off The Max Power and Min Power softkeys allow you to enter the input power level that you want to represent the 1 Vg maximum and 0 Vac minimum output voltage of the Recorder Output The Output A B softkey allows you to select which channel is repr
7. on page 2 37 for further information B A Press this softkey to display the ratio of channel B power to channel A power B A Refer to Making Ratio Measurements on page 2 37 for further information a AB Press this softkey to display the numerical difference between channel A power and channel B power A B Refer to Making Difference M easurements on page 2 36 for further information n B A Press this softkey to display the numerical difference between channel B power and channel A power B A Refer to Making Difference M easurements on page 2 36 for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 13 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Meas Setup Menu Display Format Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to select digital or analog displays set the resolution and set the limits for the analog display m Meter Dgtl Anlg Press this softkey to toggle between an analog and digital display Refer to Selecting a Digital or Analog Display on page 2 38 for further information Anlg Mtr Scaling Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to enter the maximum and minimum scale limits shown on the analog display Max Press this softkey to enter the maximum scale value shown on the analog display Min Press this softkey to enter the minimum scale value shown on the analog display Press this softkey to choose from four levels of resolution The resolution ca
8. which are shown in italics are intended to provide information useful in applying the power meter by giving typical but nonwarranted performance parameters These characteristics are shown in italics or denoted as typical nominal or approximate For information on measurement uncertainty calculations refer to HP Application Note 64 1A Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements Literature Number 5965 6630 5 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications Power Meter Specifications Power Meter Specifications Meter Frequency Range 100 kHz to 50 GHz and 75 GHz to 110 GHz power sensor dependent Power Range 70 dBm to 44 dBm 100 pW to 25 W power sensor dependent Power Sensors Compatible with all HP 8480 series power sensors and HP ECP series power sensors Single Sensor Dynamic Range 90 dB maximum HP ECP series power sensors 50 dB maximum HP 8480 series power sensors Display Units Absolute Watts or dBm Relative Percent or dB Display Resolution Selectable resolution of 1 0 0 1 0 01 and 0 001 dB in logarithmic mode or 1 2 3 and 4 significant digits in linear mode Default Resolution 0 01 dB in logarithmic mode 3 digits in linear mode HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 3 Specifications Power Meter Specifications Accuracy Instrumentation Absolute 0 02 dB Logarithmic or 0 5 Linear Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in you
9. 1 4 GHz 98 8 44 GHz 88 1 5 GHz 98 6 45 GHz 86 9 6 GHz 98 5 46 GHz 85 8 7 GHz 98 4 47 GHz 85 4 8 GHz 98 3 48 GHz 83 2 9 GHz 98 3 49 GHz 81 6 10 GHz 98 3 50 GHz 80 2 11 GHz 98 1 Q8486A 12 GHz 97 9 RCF 100 13 GHz 98 50 MHz 100 14 GHz 98 2 33 5 GHz 91 3 15 GHz 97 7 34 5 GHz 92 16 GHz 96 8 35 GHz 91 7 17 GHz 97 36 GHz 91 5 18 GHz 96 3 37 GHz 92 1 19 GHz 95 9 38 GHz 91 7 20 GHz 95 2 39 GHz 91 21 GHz 95 6 40 GHz 90 7 22 GHz 95 5 41 GHz 90 3 23 GHz 95 4 42 GHz 89 5 24 GHz 95 43 GHz 88 5 25 GHz 95 4 44 GHz 88 7 26 GHz 95 2 45 GHz 88 2 27 GHz 95 1 46 GHz 87 28 GHz 95 47 GHz 86 4 29 GHz 94 4 48 GHz 85 3 30 GHz 94 49 GHz 84 7 31 GHz 93 7 50 GHz 82 9 32 GHz 93 8 33 GHz 93 34 GHz 93 2 34 5 GHz 93 5 35 GHz 93 1 36 GHz 92 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 21 Power Meter Operation Setting the Units of Measurement Setting the Units of Measurement The dBm W menu is used to select the measurement units on the currently selected window These can either be logarithmic dBm or dB or linear Watt or units sets the measurement units to dBm logarithmic units Table 2 2 shows which units are applicable to the individual measurement modes Press then select the unit of measurement from dBm W dB or Softkeys which cannot be selected in your particular mode of operation appear with their t
10. 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide List of Figures 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 8 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 15 2 16 Page Sensor TIS BGTGGO sa 2 14 Edit Cal Screen EE 2 16 Effect of Offsets on a Channel Measurement 2 27 Effect of Offsets on a Maths Measurement rra 2 27 Averaged REadinnd rrua 2 29 Ue NIN 2 30 Limits Checking Application rrua 2 32 Limits Checking Results rra 2 33 Pass Fail LIrOIEImGGOEOTS ra 2 34 Digital Display rez azt tetara goa gat radar 2 38 Analog Display rata tatera EEEa ta edera 2 38 Digital and Analog Display rrura 2 38 Test Setup for Recording Swept Measurement 0 ccceee 2 43 SavelRecall Sereen rru 2 46 How Measurements are Calculated 2 47 Replacing the FUSC sr 2 56 Error Annunciator EGGIEIOO rra 4 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Contents 5 Contents 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide List of Tables 2 1 3 1 5 1 5 2 5 4 5 5 Page Connecting the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors During Cali Ratl OM E 2 7 Measurement Unita 2 22 Ea EEE EEE E EEA EEE 3 11 Zero Set Specifications ru 5 4 Noise Multiplier rra 5 7 Power Sensor SOGGITTGOROTZ rra 5 8 eiza BBA 5 9 Setting Bul 5 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Contents 7 Contents 8 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Getting Started Introduction Introduction One of the first things you will want to do with your power meter is to switch it on and become acquainted with its front p
11. Cal B key description 3 26 Cal key description 3 25 calibrate 2 4 HP 8480 series sensors 2 5 HP E series sensors 2 5 calibration data 2 8 calibration factors 2 8 calibration table 2 13 editing 2 15 selection of 2 13 Calibrator key description 3 23 calibrator self test 2 55 calling Hewlett Packard 2 57 Cancel key description 3 17 carry handle adjusting 1 16 caution v Change key description 3 18 channel connectors option 002 or 003 1 14 channel measurements 2 35 channel offset 2 26 character data not allowed error message 4 6 characteristics 5 2 Clear Errors key description 3 21 common errors 2 58 compensation 2 26 confidence check 2 52 Confidence Check key description 3 22 connector Recorder Output 5 13 connectors Channel A option 002 or 003 1 14 Channel B option 002 or 003 1 14 channel inputs 1 5 HP IB 1 14 5 13 POWER REF 1 14 POWER REF option 003 1 14 POWER REF output 1 6 Recorder Output 1 14 2 43 contacting Hewlett Packard 2 57 copyright ii correction data 2 8 cursor positioning 3 27 D danger v data corrupt or stale error message 4 7 data out of range error message 4 7 data table editing 2 15 selection of 2 13 dB key description 3 10 dB selecting units 2 22 dBm key description 3 10 dBm selecting units 2 22 dBm w key description 3 10 menu map 3 3 declaration of conformity ix decrement digits 3 27 Delete Char key description 3 17 Delete key description 3 19 diag
12. Check the power meter display for error messages Refer to Chapter 4 for further information e Check operation by performing the self tests e Check with a different power sensor Instrument serial numbers Hewlett Packard makes frequent improvements to its products to enhance their performance usability and reliability Hewlett Packard service personnel have access to complete records of design changes for each instrument based on the instruments serial number and option designation 2 58 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Whenever you contact Hewlett Packard about your power meter have a complete serial number available This will ensure that you obtain the most complete and accurate service information The serial number can be obtained by e interrogating the power meter over the HP IB using the IDN command e from the front panel by selecting GSE More Service Version e fromthe serial number label The serial number label is attached to the rear of each Hewlett Packard instrument This label has two instrument identification entries The first provides the instruments serial number and the second provides the identification number for each option built into the instrument The serial number is divided into two parts the prefix two letters and the first four numbers and the suffix the last four numbers e Theprefix letters indicate the country of manufact
13. HEWLETT LB PACKARD The C Tick mark is a registered trademark of the Spectrum Management Agency of Australia This signifies compliance with the Australian EMC Framework Regulations under the terms of the Radiocommunications Act of 1992 Vili HP EPM 442A User s Guide Declaration of Conformity Declaration of Conformity Manufacturer s Name Manufacturer s Address Queensferry Microwave Division South Queensferry West Lothian EH30 9TG Scotland United Kingdom Declares that the product Product Name Power Meter Model Number s HP EPM 441A and HP EPM 442A Product Option s All Conforms to the following Product Specifications Safety EN61010 1 1993 IEC 1010 1 1990 A1 CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1993 EN60825 1 1994 IEC 825 1 1993 Class 1 EN 55011 1991 CISPR11 1990 Group 1 Class A EN 50082 1 1992 Supplementary Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 72 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and carries the CE marking accordingly South Queensferry Scotland December 1 1996 Location Date European Contact Your local Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Office or Hewlett Packard GmbH Department ZQ Standards Europe Herrenberger Strasse 130 D 7030 Boeblingen Germany FAX 49 7031 143143 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1X List of Related Publications List of Related Publications The HP EPM 442A User s Guideis also available in the follo
14. ON POWER B A A B B A Offset tt METER DISPLAY gt ChB Input with Ch Offset t Channel Offset entered using CEJ A Input Settings or tt Display Offset entered using Offset HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 27 Power Meter Operation Setting Averaging Setting Averaging The power meter uses a digital filter to average power readings The number of readings averaged can range from 1 to 1024 in binary progression This filter is used to reduce noise obtain the desired resolution and to reduce the jitter in the measurement results Increasing the value of the filter length reduces measurement noise However the time to take the measurement is increased You can select the filter length or you can set the power meter to auto filter mode The default is AUTO When the auto filter mode is enabled the power meter automatically sets the number of readings averaged together to satisfy the filtering requirements for most power measurements The number of readings averaged together depends on the resolution and the power level currently being measured Figure 2 5 lists the number of readings averaged for each range and resolution when the power meter is in auto filter mode and is set to normal speed mode refer to the HP EPM 441A 442A Programming Guide for details of the readings averaged in the other speed modes Resolution is a window function and not a channel function In the case where
15. Offset 0 000 dB Limits Ranget Off On AUTO IL Max Limits 100 mW br Min 0 00 mW HP E series power sensors only continued on page 3 8 Note Depending on the power meter s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 7 Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps System Inputs Menu Continued _____ Clear Errors br Next Power Ref Done Off On Output Error On Off System More List Max Power Inputs Recorder 20 000 dBm Output Min Power Output AB m Self Test pr Display IL Version Instrument Self Test ROM heck ___ Confidence Checksum Check RAM m Individual Battery Measure Assemblies t Calibrator Geu VO I Keyboard Display RAM Set Contrast m Display Ir Bitmap Displ Set Brightness as 3 8 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Zero Cal Menu ZeroA m Zero D ons Cal Zero Both A Ref CF 100 0 Cal 00 0 CalB B Ref CF 100 0 Power Ref On Off Ga Note Depending on the power meter s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further informati
16. Prior to the power meter being calibrated an HP 11708A 30 dB reference attenuator should be connected between the power sensor and the reference calibrator This attenuator must be removed from the power sensor input prior to making measurements HP 8483A This power sensor requires a 75 Q f to 50 Q m N Type adapter 1250 0597 to connect to the reference calibrator This adapter must be removed from the power sensor input prior to making measurements HP R8486A HP Q8486A HP R8486D HP Q8486D HP W8486D The waveguide power sensors have two connectors The N Type connector is the one which is used to calibrate the power meter HP 8481B HP 8482B These power senors are configured with an attenuator Prior to the power meter being calibrated this attenuator must be removed The attenuator must be reconnected prior to making measurements HP 8485A This power sensor requires an APC 3 5 f to 50 Q m N Type adapter 08485 60005 to connect to the reference calibrator HP 8485D Prior to the power meter being zeroed and calibrated an HP 11708A 30 cB reference attenuator and an APC 3 5 f to 50 Q m N Type adapter 08485 60005 should be connected between the power sensor and the reference calibrator This attenuator must be removed from the power sensor input prior to making measurements HP 8487A This power sensor requires an APC 2 4 f to 50 Q m N Type adapter 08487 60001 to connect to the pow
17. The HP E series power sensors set the reference calibration factor automatically During calibration the wait symbol is displayed Offset relative and duty cycle settings are ignored during calibration During calibration the power meter automatically switches the power reference calibrator on if it is not already on then after calibration it switches it to the state it was in prior to the calibration 2 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Calibrating the Power Meter Calibration Procedure Using HP E Series Power Sensors The following procedure describes how you calibrate the power meter with an HP E series power sensor Since the power meter automatically downloads the HP E series power sensor s calibration table there is no requirement to enter the reference calibration factor The power meter identifies that an HP E series power sensor is connected and will not allow you to select certain softkeys The text on these softkeys appears grayed out Note The following procedure details the calibration for channel A To calibrate channel B use the same procedure using the equivalent channel B softkeys Press ESO 2 Connect the power sensor tothe POWER REF output 3 Press Cal Cal A tocalibrate the power meter During calibration the wait symbol is displayed The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output Example To calibrate both channels of the power meter with HP E series powe
18. also displayed on the screen The confidence check can be carried out on both channels using the appropriate softkeys 1 Connect the power sensor tothe POWER REF output Refer to Table 2 1 on page 2 7 for connection requirements for the HP 8480 series power sensors The power reference signal is turned on automatically after any key is pressed The power meter automatically makes a power measurement If the measured error is within the instrument accuracy specification the confidence check has been successful While the test is running the message Testing appears If the correct power meter reading is made the message Passed iS displayed otherwise Failed is displayed If the confidence check fails the failure appears in the HP IB error queue To examine the HP IB error queue go to the Errors screen refer to Chapter 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Self Test HP IB Testing Toinvoke the HP IB self test the IEEE 488 1 compliant standard command TST is used This command runs a full self test and returns one of the following codes e 0Q notests failed e 1 oneor moretests failed The HP IB self test consists of the following tests e ROM checksum e RAM e Battery e Display Assembly e Calibrator e Measurement Assemblies e Communications Assembly Implicit The communications assembly is tested implicitly in that the command will not be accepted or return a result unl
19. calibration the wait symbol is displayed The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output 6 Press The current setting of the frequengy is displayed under the A Freq softkey 7 Tochange this setting press A Freq The power meter displays the frequency in a pop up window Modify this frequency see below as desired a Use o Ede modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned e Use K or to move to other digits 8 Toconfirm your choice press the appropriate frequency units 9 Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured 10 You must set the display to the type of measurement you require This can either be a direct channel measurement a ratio 2 8 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP E Series Power Sensors measurement of both channels or a difference measurement between both channels Use the following key presses Press HO Input Select Select the appropriate softkey for the measurement you require either A B A B B A or wore then A B or B A 11 The measurement result is now displayed Example To make a measurement on channel A using an HP E series power sensor The frequency of the signal to be measured is 100 MHz Disconnect the power sensor from any source Press 42 Press Zero A Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output Press Cal Cal A Press Car A Freg Usethe ESO gt lt 2 and
20. contains the following sections Zeroing the Power Meter on page 2 3 Calibrating the Power Meter on page 2 4 Making Measurements with the HP E Series Power Sensors on page 2 8 Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors on page 2 10 Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables on page 2 13 Setting the Units of Measurement on page 2 22 Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys on page 2 23 Making Relative Measurements on page 2 24 Setting the Resolution on page 2 25 Setting Offsets on page 2 26 Setting Averaging on page 2 28 Measuring Pulsed Signals on page 2 30 Setting Measurement Limits on page 2 32 Channel Measurements on page 2 35 Making Difference Measurements on page 2 36 Making Ratio Measurements on page 2 37 Selecting a Digital or Analog Display on page 2 38 Setting the Range on page 2 41 Configuring the Remote Interface on page 2 42 Recorder Output on page 2 43 Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations on page 2 45 How Measurements are Calculated on page 2 47 Presetting the Power Meter on page 2 48 Self Test on page 2 50 Operator Maintenance on page 2 56 Contacting Hewlett Packard on page 2 57 2 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Zeroing the Power M
21. hardkeys to enter 100 Press MHz Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured The measurement result is now displayed HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 9 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors This section applies to all HP 8480 series power sensors It does not apply to the HP E series power sensors For the HP 8480 series power sensors there are two methods of providing correction data to the power meter A inputting the individual calibration factor for a frequency prior to making the measurement or B using sensor calibration tables This section describes how to make measurements without using sensor calibration tables that is inputting the individual calibration factor for a frequency prior to making the measurement This method is advantageous if you are only measuring at one frequency as entering all the calibration data in this instance is not required To make measurements without sensor calibration tables perform the following steps 1 Zero and calibrate the power meter Before carrying out the calibration you must set the reference calibration factor of the power sensor 2 Set the calibration factor value for the frequency of the signal you want to measure 3 Takea reading Procedure The following procedure details how to make a measurement on channel A To make a measurement on channel
22. in the menu For example if 1 of 2 is displayed pressing More moves you to2 of 2 Pressing More again moves you back DOT of 2 This hardkey allows you to move back one level in the S oftkey menu Repeatedly pressing accesses a menu which allows you to increase and decrease the display contrast Softkeys These four keys are used to make a selection from the menus HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started The Display Layout The Display Layout The following figure details the display layout when two measurement windows are displayed one analog and one digital However it is possible using the key to display just one measurement window 15 14 13 12 1110 9 Dty Rng Ofs Rel 50 00MHz Cyc Hid Undr On Lmt Rel 35 628 Offset B 21 24dBm On Y Offset DDD 0 000dB 70 000dBm 20 000dBm 7 1 Thestatus reporting line displays five fields three associated with the HP IB status and two associated with error and warning conditions The first field displays either RMT remote HP IB operation or LCL local front panel operation The second field displays TLK if the power meter is addressed to talk or LSN if it is addressed to listen The third field indicates an SRO service request The fourth field indicates ERR for any error conditions The last field is used to report error and warning messages 2 This f
23. or to highlight your choice 3 To confirm your choice press Enter HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 41 Power Meter Operation Configuring the Remote Interface Configuring the Remote Interface This section gives a brief description on configuring the remote interface For further information on using the power meter remotely refer to the HP EPM 441A 442A Programming Guide HP IB Address Each device on the HP IB EEE ASO interface must have a unique address You can set the power meter s address to any value between 0 and 30 The address is set to 13 when the power meter is shipped from the factory The address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when the power is switched off or after a remote interface reset Your HP IB bus controller has its own address Avoid using the bus controller s address for any instrument on the interface bus Hewlett Packard controllers generally use address 21 To set the HP IB address from the front panel 1 Press HP IB The current setting of the HP IB address is aspen tinder the HP IB Addr softkey 2 Tochange this setting press HP IB Addr The power meter displays the address in a pop up window Modify this address see below as desired a Use Oy to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use lt or to move to other digits 3 To confirm your choice press Enter To set the HP IB address from the remote interface use the
24. the currently selected window 1 2 Press Sip Disblayl Foxmat piz HEZ Segida The current setting of the maximum and minimum values displayed on the analog meter are displayed under the Max and Min softkeys respectively To change either of these settings press the appropriate softkey The power meter displays the current valuein a pop up window Modify this value See below until the desired value is displayed a Use bie EO modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned e Use K or to move to other digits To confirm your choice select the appropriate softkey If the power meter is in logarithmic mode press dB If the power meter is in linear mode select the appropriate softkeys from the following menu m L Cancel m Increment Multiplier a Decrement Multiplier L Cancel or increases or decreases the multiplier shown in front of Pressing after the correct multiplier has been selected confirms the entry Pressing HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 39 Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display To select both an analog and digital display press until two windows are displayed Select the format of one window to analog and the other to digital as previously described To indicate if the measurement reading is outwith the minimum or maximum values set for the analog meter a warning message is displayed The analog meter also displays a digital r
25. until the required resolution setting is highlighted HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 25 Power Meter Operation Setting Offsets Setting Offsets Setting Channel Offsets The power meter can be configured to compensate for a signal loss or gain in your test setup for example to compensate for the loss of a 10 dB attenuator This gain or loss referred to as a channel offset is added to the measured power before the result is displayed Offsets are entered in dB The allowable range of values is 100 dB to 100 dB A positive value compensates for a loss and a negative value compensates for a gain If either a channel or a display offset is set then ofs is displayed To enter a channel offset which compensates for a loss or gain 1 Press LEE 2 Press A Input Settings or B Input Settings dependingon the channel which you want to apply offsets to 3 Press wore Offset The power meter displays the offset value in a pop up window Modify this offset see below as desired a Use or lt 1 to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use ESO or to move to other digits 4 To confirm your choice press dB 5 Offset Off On is automatically set to On when a value is entered using Offset Channel offsets can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Offset Off On Setting Display Offsets The display offset function provides a method for entering display offset values
26. zeroing which takes approximately 10 seconds the wait symbol is displayed Press Cal The setting of the reference calibration factor is obtained from the sensor calibration table and displayed under the A Ref CF softkey Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output Press Cal A tocalibrate the power meter During calibration the wait symbol is displayed The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables 6 Press The current setting of the frequency is displayed under the A Freq softkey 7 Tochange this setting press A Freq The power meter displays the frequency in a pop up window Modify this frequency see below as desired a Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use ESO or to move to other digits 8 Toconfirm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit 9 Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured 10 You must set the display to the type of measurement you require This can either be a direct channel measurement a ratio measurement of both channels or a difference measurement between both channels Use the following key presses Press Sup Input Select Select the appropriate softkey for the measurement you require either A B A B B A or tine then A B or PE 11 The measurement result is now displayed Note If the measu
27. 1 14 connector characteristic 5 13 setting of address 2 42 HP IB Addr key description 3 18 HP IB key description 3 18 humidity characteristic 5 14 illegal parameter value error message 4 7 increment digits 3 28 Individual key description 3 22 init ignored error message 4 6 Input Select key description 3 13 Insert Char key description 3 17 Insert key description 3 19 installing in cabinet 1 17 instrument self test 2 52 serial numbers 1 15 2 58 Instrument Self Test key description 3 22 interface bus setting of address 2 42 invalid block data error message 4 6 character in number error message 4 5 character error message 4 4 separator error message 4 4 string data error message 4 6 suffix error message 4 5 K Keyboard key description 3 23 keyboard self test 2 55 keys 3 3 L LED 3 28 legal information iii limit setting 1 8 2 32 Limits key description 3 20 Limits Off On key description 3 21 line power characteristic 5 13 Lithium Battery key description 3 23 logarithmic units 2 22 loss 2 26 lower limit 2 32 M maintenance 2 56 maps 3 3 Max key description 3 14 3 21 Max Power key description 3 22 Meas Setup key description 3 13 menu map 3 5 Measure Assemblies key description 3 23 measurement assembly self test 2 54 difference 2 36 limits 2 32 noise characteristic 5 7 noise definition 5 12 pulsed signals 2 30 ratio 2 37 relative 2 24 single channel 2 35
28. 2 64 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Menu Reference Introduction Introduction This chapter is a reference to the softkey menu structure of the power meter The Front Panel Menu Maps starting on page 3 3 details the menus diagrammatically Front Panel Menu Reference starting on page 3 10 details the menus descriptively 3 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps The Front Panel Menu Maps The following diagrams detail the structure of the softkey menus which are accessed through the following seven hardkeys requency e al Fac OZ lt Q wW 2 je 3 d ave Recal System Inputs Note On your power meter some softkey labels have numeric values displayed under them These values show the current setting of that softkey Since these values are variable they are shown ina grayed out text on the following menu maps dBm W Menu dBm W dBm W pe dB Note Depending on the power meter s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 3 Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Frequency Cal Fac Menu AFreq 50 OOMHz A Cal Fac Cal Fac B Freq 50 OOMHz L____B Cal Fac 100 0 Note Depending on th
29. 3 GHz 98 6 8 GHz 98 3 4 GHz 98 6 10 GHz 98 1 5 GHz 98 5 11 GHz 97 8 6 GHz 98 5 12 GHz 97 6 7 GHz 98 6 12 4 GHz 97 6 8 GHz 98 7 14 GHz 97 4 9 GHz 99 5 16 GHz 97 10 GHz 98 6 17 GHz 96 7 11 GHz 98 7 18 GHz 96 6 12 GHz 99 19 GHz 96 12 4 GHz 99 1 20 GHz 96 1 13 GHz 98 9 21 GHz 96 2 14 GHz 99 4 22 GHz 95 3 15 GHz 98 9 23 GHz 94 9 16 GHz 99 1 24 GHz 94 3 17 GHz 98 4 25 GHz 92 4 18 GHz 100 1 26 GHz 92 2 R8486A 26 5 GHz 92 1 RCF 100 R8486D 50 MHz 100 RCF 97 6 26 5 GHz 94 9 50 MHz 97 6 27 GHz 94 9 26 5 GHz 97 1 28 GHz 95 4 27 GHz 95 3 29 GHz 94 3 28 GHz 94 2 30 GHz 94 1 29 GHz 94 5 31 GHz 93 5 30 GHz 96 6 32 GHz 93 7 31 GHz 97 6 33 GHz 93 7 32 GHz 98 34 GHz 94 9 33 GHz 98 9 34 5 GHz 94 5 34 GHz 99 5 35 GHz 94 4 34 5 GHz 99 36 GHz 93 7 35 GHz 97 6 37 GHz 94 9 36 GHz 99 38 GHz 93 5 37 GHz 98 2 39 GHz 93 9 38 GHz 97 4 40 GHz 92 3 39 GHz 97 6 40 GHz 100 2 20 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables HP 8487A HP 8487A continued RCF 100 37 GHz 92 4 50 MHz 100 38 GHz 90 9 100 MHz 99 9 39 GHz 91 3 500 MHz 98 6 40 GHz 91 4 1 GHz 99 8 41 GHz 90 6 2 GHz 99 5 42 GHz 89 9 3 GHz 98 9 43 GHz 89
30. B use the same procedure using the equivalent channel B softkeys 1 Ensure that no power is applied to the power sensor 2 Press 42 3 Press Zero A During zeroing which takes approximately 10 seconds the wait symbol is displayed 4 Press Cal 5 Connect the power sensor tothe POWER REF output 2 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 10 11 12 13 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors The current setting of the reference calibration factor is displayed under the A Ref CF softkey To change this setting press A Ref CF The power meter displays the reference calibration factor in a pop up window Modify this reference calibration factor see below as desired a Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned e Use or lt gt to move to other digits To confirm your choice press Press Cal Cal A tocalibrate the power meter During calibration the wait symbol is displayed The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output Press The current setting of the calibration factor is displayed under the A Cal Fac softkey To change this setting press A Cal Fac The power meter displays the calibration factor in a pop up window M odify this calibration factor see below as desired a Use 2 or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use K or to move to other digits To confirm your c
31. BM 20 000dBM 5 Press o The display now shows e EE only the digital window Anig Mtr A dE Scaling 55 Biga 1 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Press cea The display now shows both an analog and digital window Press HG Input Select B A Notice that the upper window is now set up to make a channel B over channel A ratio measurement Press Notice that the lower window is now set up to makea channel A over channel B ratio measurement Press a to select the lower window Getting Started The Display Layout LCL Meter DU Anig Anig Mtr Scaling Freq 50 00MHz 55 Biga B 21 24dBm A 70 000dBm 20 000dBm B 21 23dBm AM 70 000dBm 20 000dBm LCL Bi 34 3148 AIB 34 31dB h 70 000dBM 20 000dBm HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Window Symbols Window Symbols There area number of different graphic symbols and pop up windows that can occur on the power meter display These can occur for a variety of reasons such as when e OD error or warning occurs e aconfirmation is required e you are required to wait while the power meter carries out a procedure e you are required to select an entry from a list e you are required to enter an alphanumeric value Warning Symbol The warning symbol is displayed either directly in the measurement
32. E MI 70 000dBm Limits 60 000dBm Limits Limits f Limits f This measurement has passed which is indicated by the limit field being empty This measurement has failed as the result is less than the minimum limit level set of 50 dBm This is indicated with the text Undr Lmt This measurement has failed as the result is more than the maximum limit level set of 60 dBm This is indicated with the text Over Lmt HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Channel Measurements Channel Measurements Single channel measurements can be made on the currently selected window by pressing 85 Input Select and selecting A or B Absolute power is displayed for the selected channel in either dBm or Watts The filter range where applicable offset duty cycle calibration factor and limits can be set for the selected channel Single channel measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or Refer to Making Relative Measurements on page 2 24 for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 35 Power Meter Operation Making Difference Measurements Making Difference Measurements Dual channel difference measurements can be made on the currently selected window by pressing 65 Input Select and selecting A B or B A Thepower meter always carries out Maths calcu
33. IB command runs a complete series of tests as listed in HP IB Testing on page 2 53 Power On Self Test The power on self test is performed automatically when the power meter is turned on and takes approximately 10 seconds to complete The power on self test consists of the following tests e Battery e Calibrator e Measurement Assemblies Refer to Test Descriptions on page 2 54 if you require a description of each individual test As the power on self test takes place the message Testing appears next to the name of the test which is being performed When each test is complete the message Testing iS replaced by either the message Passed or Failed If a failure occurs the message Power up BAN Err appears Any errors are also written to the HP IB error queue and can be examined in the Errors screen by pressing Ge Gi Error List 2 50 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Self Test Front Panel Selection of Self Tests Press HEZE Service self Test to access a test menu which consists of the following tests e Instrument Self Test e Confidence Check e Individual which accesses a menu which consists of the following tests a ROM checksum a RAM a Battery Measurement Assemblies a Calibrator a Keyboard a Display which accesses a menu which consists of the following tests e Display Assembly e Display RAM e Bitmap Displays Each of these te
34. INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY iv HP EPM 442A User s Guide Equipment Operation Equipment Operation Warnings and Cautions This guide uses warnings and cautions to denote hazards WARNING A warning calls attention to a procedure practice or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or the loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met Caution A caution calls attention toa procedure practice or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or the destruction of part or all of the equipment Do not proceed beyond a caution until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met Personal Safety Considerations WARNING Thisis a Safety Class product provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument is likely to make the instrument dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited If this instrument is not used as specified the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired This instrument must be used in a normal condition in which all means of protection are intact only No ope
35. Messages Query INTERRUPTED A command was received which sends data to the output buffer but the output buffer contained data from a previous command the previous data is not overwritten The output buffer is cleared when power has been off or after RST reset command has been executed Query UNTERMINATED The power meter was addressed to talk that is to send data over the interface but a command has not been received which sends data tothe output buffer For example you may have executed a CONFigure command which does not generate data and then attempted to read data from the remote interface Query DEADLOCKED A command was received which generates too much data to fit in the output buffer and the input buffer is also full Command execution continues but data is lost Query UNTERMINATED after indefinite response The IDN command must be the last query command within a command string HP EPM 442A User s Guide 4 11 Error Messages Error Messages 4 12 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications Specifications Introduction Introduction This chapter details the power meter s specifications and supplemental characteristics Specifications describe the warranted performance and apply after a 30 minute warm up These specifications are valid over the power meter s operating and environmental range unless otherwise stated and after performing a zero and calibration Supplemental characteristics
36. RATOR SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE REFER SERVICING TO SERVICE TRAINED PERSONNEL Channel A Channel B Power bei Recarder Output NANDA UU Y NANANA ba ka kal ha NNNNA de J 1 Channel A Option 002 or 003 only 2 Channel B Option 002 or 003 only 3 Power Ref Option 003 only The power reference output is a 50 Q type N connector The output signal is used for calibrating the sensor meter combination 4 Recorder Output This output produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the power level of the selected channel input Refer to Recorder Output on page 2 43 for further information 5 Power socket This power meter has an auto configuring power supply This allows it to operate over a range of voltages without manually being set to a certain voltage 6 Fuse An F3 15AH fuse is installed for all voltage supplies 7 HP IB The Hewlett Packard Interface Bus allows the power meter to be controlled remotely 1 14 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started The Rear Panel at a Glance 8 Serial Label Each power meter has it s own individual identification number Refer to Instrument serial numbers on page 2 58 for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 15 Getting Started Adjusting the Carrying Handle Adjusting the Carrying Handle To adjust the position grasp the handle by the sid
37. User s Guide HP EPM E4419A EPM 442A Power Meter Hi eguren HP Part no E 4419 90000 April 23 1997 Copyright Hewlett Packard Company All rights reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation without prior written permission is prohibited except as allowed under the copyright laws Printed in the UK il HP EPM 442A User s Guide Legal Information Legal Information Notice Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose H ewlett Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishings performance or use of this material No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of HP Certification Hewlett Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory Hewlett Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology to the extent allowed by the Institute s calibration facility and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members Warranty This Hewlett Packa
38. a channel is set up in both the upper and lower window and the resolution settings are different the highest resolution setting is taken to calculate the averaging number For example if the upper window has a resolution setting of 2 and is measuring channel A channel B and the lower window has a resolution of 4 and is measuring channel A In this instance channel A averaging is calculated with a resolution of 4 and channel B with a resolution of 2 2 28 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Sensor Dynamic Range Power Meter Operation Setting Averaging Figure 2 5 Averaged Readings Resolution Setting Minimum Sensor Power 2 3 1 8 128 128 E ZEA 1 1 16 256 e EEEREN B KK A A NS e E E A A Ve ew Vee ee eee E Jen 1 1 2 32 a Eee gt 1 1 1 16 DU AAO P 1 1 1 8 Maximum Sensor Power These four resolution levels represent 1 0 1 0 01 0 001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB 1 2 3 or 4 significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or Note The following procedure details how to set the averaging for channel A To set the averaging on channel B use the same procedure using the B Input Settings softkey To set averaging 1 Press fae A Input Settings The current setting of averaging Is displayed under the Filter softkey To change this setting press Filter A pop up window appears Use 4 or to select your filter choice To confirm your cho
39. able 2 46 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation How Measurements are Calculated How Measurements are Calculated Figure 2 15 details how measurements are calculated It shows the position in which the various power meter functions are implemented in the measurement calculation Figure 2 15 How Measurements are Calculated Channel Functions Window Functions Channel A f Channel Averaging Cal Factor i bd J gt Offset I MahAB A B Recorder U pper Window Output Er E anne uty B A A B B A Se Averaging gt Cal Factor Offset pee d Lower Window Recorder Output HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 47 Power Meter Operation Presetting the Power Meter Presetting the Power Meter This section details the power meter s preset conditions The HP IB address the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and calibration data are not affected by a preset The calibration table selected is not affected Preset Conditions The number of windows displayed is two Measurement units used is set to dBm Cal Fac Meas Setup e A Freq is set to50 MHz A Cal Fac is set to 100 B Freq is set to50 MHz B Cal Fac is set to 100 is set to Channel A in the upper window and Channel B in the lower window Display Format is set to digital for both windows Anlg Mtr Scaling isset to20 000 dBm Max and 70 000 dBm Min
40. ables A calibration factor in the range of 1 to 150 can be entered The following rules apply to naming sensor calibration tables a Thename must consist of no more than 12 characters a AI characters must be upper or lower case alphabetic characters or numeric 0 9 or an underscore _ a Noother characters are allowed a No spaces are allowed in the name 2 Toedit the parameter you currently have selected press Change The power meter displays the data in a pop up window Modify this data see below as desired a Use a or to modify the character on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use or gt to move to other characters 3 Toconfirm your choice press the appropriate softkey 4 Toaddanew sensor calibration table entry press Insert You are prompted for the frequency and calibration factor The entry is sorted by frequency 5 Toremovea sensor calibration table entry use the TO 2 EA and hardkeys to select the entry press f you delete the frequency the equivalent calibration factor is also removed and vice versa Note You can only edit the table name you cannot delete it 6 When you have completed editing the sensor calibration table press Done toreturn tothe Sensor Tables screen Note Ensure that the frequency points you use cover the frequency range of the signals you want to measure If you measure a signal with a frequency outside the frequency range defined in the sensor calibrati
41. ach channel includes offsets calibration factors and duty cycle in addition to measured power The filter range offset and calibration factor are set individually for each channel Ratio measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or Refer to Making Relative Measurements on page 2 24 for further information HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 37 Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display Selecting a Digital or Analog Display The measurement windows can display the result in either a digital or analog format or both as shown in the following figures Figure 2 12 Digital and Analog Display Figure 2 10 Digital Display Meter DR Ang Freq Ani Mir 50 00MHz Seating ed ENEZ Figure 2 11 Analog Display Meter Dgt EE Anig Mtr Scaling A 55 54dBm Y bedi 20 000dBm Meter Dgt EE Anig Mtr Scaling A Freq 50 00MHz 28 DZ A 28 59dBm A bd erki HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Selecting a Digital or Analog Display To select the format of the display in the currently selected window 1 2 Press sup Display Format Press Meter Dgt1 Anie to highlight the type of format you require Pressing this key toggles between a digital and analog display To select the range of the analog display in
42. acific not listed contact Hewlett Packard Asia Pacific Ltd 17 21 F Shell Tower Times Square 1 Matheson Street Causeway Bay Hong Kong tel 852 2599 7070 fax 852 2506 9285 2 60 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Australia New Zealand Hewlett Packard Australia Ltd 31 41 J oseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 Australia 1 800 629 485 Canada Hewlett Packard Canada Ltd 5150 Spectrum Way Mississauga Ontario L4W 5G1 905 206 4725 In Europe Africa and Middle East please call your local HP sales office or representative Austria 1 25000 0 Belgium and Luxembourg 02 778 3417 Baltic Countries 358 08872 2100 Czech Republic 0042 2 4743111 Denmark 45 99 10 00 Finland 90 88 721 France 0 1 69 29 41 14 Germany 0180 532 62 33 Greece 1 7264045 Hungary 1 252 4705 Ireland 01 284 4633 Israel 03 5380 333 Italy 02 92 122 241 Netherlands 020 547 6669 Norway 22 73 56 50 Poland 22 608 7700 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 61 Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Portugal 11 482 85 00 Russia tel 7 095 928 6885 fax 7 095 916 9844 South Africa 011 806 1000 Spain 34 1 631 1323 Sweden 08 444 22 77 Switzerland 01 735 7111 Turkey 212 224 59 25 United Kingdom 01344 366 666 For countries in Europe Middle East and Africa not listed contact Hewlett Packard International Sal
43. al for details on returning it for repair System error Detector EEPROM Read Completed OK but optional data block s not found or unreadable This indicates a failure with your HP E series power sensor Refer to your power sensor manual for details on returning it for repair System error Detector EEPROM Read Failed unknown EEPROM table format This indicates a failure with your HP E series power sensor Refer to your power sensor manual for details on returning it for repair System error Detector EEPROM lt gt data not found or unreadable Where lt gt refers to the sensor data block covered for example Linearity Temp Comp temperature compensation This indicates a failure with your HP E series power sensor Refer to your power sensor manual for details on returning it for repair System error Sensors connected to both front and rear inputs You cannot connect two power sensors to the one channel input In this instance the power meter detects power sensors connected to both it s front and rear channel inputs Out of memory The power meter required more memory than was available to run an internal operation Self test Failed The 330 Self test Failed errors indicate that you have a problem with your power meter Refer to Contacting Hewlett Packard on page 2 57 for details of what to do with your faulty power meter HP EPM 442A User s Guide 4 9 330 330 330 330 330 330 330
44. anel The sections in this chapter prepare the power meter for use and help you get familiar with some of the front panel operations The front panel consists of both hardkeys and softkeys which allow you to select various functions and operations When some hardkeys are selected the corresponding softkey labels are displayed on the power meter display If you are using the power meter remotely refer to the HP EPM 441A 442A Programming Guide for remote operating details 1 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Turning On the Power Meter Turning On the Power Meter The following steps show you how to turn on the power meter and verify that it is operating correctly 1 Connect the power cord and turn on the power meter The front panel display and the green power LED light up when the power meter is switched on The power meter performs it s power on self test If the self test is not successful the error annunciator turns on If this occurs contact your H ewlett Packard Sales and Service office for instructions on returning the power meter to Hewlett Packard for service Caution This instrument is designed for usein Installation Category I1 and Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 and 664 respectively Caution This instrument has an autoranging line voltage input be sure the supply voltage is within the range of 85 to 264 Vac Note If the power meter has been stored at extremely low temperatures outwith
45. asurement screen The softkeys from the first level of the System I nputs menu are displayed A Input Settings and B Input Settings Press these softkeys to access a menu which allows you to modify the settings of the averaging duty cycle range and offset of channel A and channel B respectively Press this softkey to toggle the filter value on or off The default is on The filter value is set using Filter _ Bees Press this softkey to enter the filter length The filter is used to reduce noise obtain the desired resolution and to reduce jitter in the measurement results Use the o and hardkeys to change the value The default value is AUTO Filter Off On is automatically set to on when a value is HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 19 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu entered using Filter Refer to Setting Averaging on page 2 28 for further information Press this softkey to toggle the duty cycle value on or off The default is of The duty cycle value is set using Duty Cycle Duty Cycle Press this softkey to set the duty cycle for the pulse power measurement feature of the power meter A value in the range of 0 001 to 100 can be entered The default value is 1 000 Usethe lt 2 and KX hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press is automatically set to on when a value is entered using Duty Cycle Refer to Measurin
46. at a difference measurement in the lower window has given a negative result when the units of measurement were logarithmic Data questionable U pper window log error This indicates that a difference measurement in the upper window has given a negative result when the units of measurement were logarithmic Data questionable ZERO ERROR ChA Power meter zeroing failed on channel A The most likely cause is attempting to zero when some power signal is being applied to the power sensor Data questionable ZERO ERROR ChB Power meter zeroing failed on channel B The most likely cause is attempting to zero when some power signal is being applied to the power sensor Hardware missing The power meter is unable to execute the command because either no power sensor is connected or it expects an HP E series power sensor and one is not connected System error Ch A Dty Cyc may impair accuracy with ECP sensor This indicates that the sensor connected to channel A is for use with CW signals only 4 8 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 310 310 310 310 310 310 321 330 Error Messages Error Messages System error Ch B Dty Cyc may impair accuracy with ECP sensor This indicates that the sensor connected to channel B is for use with CW signals only System error Detector EEPROM Read Failed critical data not found or unreadable This indicates a failure with your HP E series power sensor Refer to your power sensor manu
47. bration data are not stored by a preset The calibration table selected is not affected Power meter configurations are saved and recalled with the hardkey To save the current measurement setup 1 Press 2 Usethe and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files When the required file is highlighted press Save 3 Press Confirm If you require to modify the name of a file 1 Press 2 Usethe Ld and lt 7 hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files When the required file is highlighted press Edit Name The power meter displays the file name in a pop up window Modify this name see below until the desired name is displayed a Use a or ES to modify the character on which the cursor is currently positioned Use or to move to other characters a Use Insert Char and Delete Char as required 3 To confirm your choice press Enter To recall a measurement setup 1 Press 2 Usethe 4 and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files When the required file is highlighted press Recall 3 Press Confirm HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 45 Power Meter Operation Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations Figure 2 14 Save Recall Screen LCL Reg Name GO GO pd GO E b JA DN E GO Statel Statez2 State3 State4 States State6 State States States Status Available Available Available Available Available Available Available Available Available Avail
48. cal maximum measurenent speed for each mode e Normal 20 readings second e 2 40 readings second e Fast 200 readings second for HP ECP series power sensors only Maximum measurement speed is obtained using binary output in free run trigger mode 5 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Zero Drift of Sensors Power sensor dependent refer to Table 5 3 Measurement Noise Power sensor dependent refer to Table 5 2 and Table 5 3 Averaging effects on measurement noise Averaging over 1 to 1024 readings is available for reducing noise Table 5 3 provides the measurement noise for a particular power sensor with the number of averages set to 16 for normal mode and 32 for x2 mode Use the Noise Multiplier for the appropriate mode normal or x2 and number of averages to determine the total measurement noise value For example for an HP 8481D power sensor in normal mode with the number of averages set to 4 the measurement noise is equal to lt 45 pW x 2 75 lt 124 pW Table 5 2 Noise Multiplier Number of Averages 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 Noise Multiplier Normal Mode 5 5 3 89 2 75 1 94 1 0 0 85 0 61 0 49 0 34 0 24 0 17 Noise Multiplier x2 mode 65 46 3 25 23 1 18 1 0 0 72 0 57 0 41 0 29 0 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 7 Specifications Power Met
49. carried out However if you are in remote mode that is HP IB operation then pressing this hardkey places the power meter in local mode provided local lock out LLO is not enabled Hardkeys relating to the display layout EOI This hardkey allows you to select the upper or lower measurement window on the power meter s display The window which is selected is highlighted by a shadowed box Any measurement setup you create is implemented in the selected window This hardkey allows you to choose either a one or a two window display HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance w Ol This hardkey switches the power meter between on and standby When the power meter is switched to standby that is when this hardkey has not been selected but the line power is connected to the instrument the red LED is lit When the power meter is switched on the green LED is lit 4 System Inputs hardkey with softkey menu Thee hardkey allows access to softkey menus which affect the general power meter system setup for example the HP IB address and also to softkey menus which effect the setup of the channel inputs Refer to Chapter 3 for further information about this hardkey and it s softkey menu 5 This hardkey is the only one that is completely dedicated to the control of the power meter as a system The only other hardkey which affects system parameters is the hardkey Refer to Chapter 3
50. ch the cursor is currently positioned a Use ESO or to move to other digits 3 To confirm your choice press the appropriate measurement units wor Limits Thecurrent mT mits are displayed under Limits can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Limits Off On A typical application for this feature is shown in Figure 2 7 Figure 2 7 Limits Checking Application Power Meter Device Under Test Swept Source CHANNELA INPUT 2 32 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Figure 2 8 Limits Checking Results Amplitude Fail 10 dBm o 0 0 0 0 fe 4 dBm 0 Fail gt requency In this application a swept frequency signal is applied to the input of the Device Under Test The power meter measures the output power The limits have been set at 4 dBm and 10 dBm A fail occurs each time the output power is outside these limits as shown in Figure 2 8 Checking for Limit Failures Limit failures are displayed in the appropriate field in the measurement window on the power meter s display as shown in Figure 2 9 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 33 Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Figure 2 9 Pass Fail Limit Indicators 55 EE Max 30 000dBm B d duu 21 22dBm Max 30 000dBm MI 50 000dBm Max 60 000dBm 50 00MHz SE
51. ct using EOI Y Input Select Measurement Type Upper Lower A B A B B A Window Window ABBA J Select using Select using CED pasera Reis Display arren Measurement Type Measurement Type A B A B B A A B A B B A Digital Analog A B B A A B B A Display Display l d Select using M LEEN piztien Erren Digital Analog Digital Analog Display Display Display Display HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 9 Getting Started The Display Layout Display Tutorial If you wish to experiment with the display layout before you move on to make measurements the following procedure guides you through a few of the display setups you can choose 1 Press Feset EEE t0 EEE 55 60 20 Notice that the upper window is the SEE one which is highlighted by the dark E Diba box ed BREA LCL Freq A 50 00MHz 55 Biga 2 Press EA The display remains the 0 same apart from the fact that it is now the lower window that is highlighted by the shadowed box 3 Press Beas ea Meter Dgtl Anlg An1g should be highlighted The display now shows one analog and one digital window LCL Freq A 50 00MHz 55 Biga 21 24dBm A 70 000dBm 20 000dBm Anig Mtr Scaling B 4 Press bd The display now only shows one window This is the analog window which was selected in the previous step B 21 24dBm td v 70 000d
52. ctive 72 23 EEC Remote Programming Interface HP IB interface operates tolEEE 488 2 Command Language SCPI standard interface commands Non Volatile Memory Battery HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 15 Specifications General Lithium Polycarbon Monoflouride approximate lifetime 5 years at 25 C 5 16 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Index Symbols TE key description 3 10 A A Cal Fac key description 3 12 A Freq key description 3 11 A Input Settings key description 3 19 A key description 3 13 A Ref CF key description 3 25 A Table Off On key description 3 19 A B key description 3 13 A B key description 3 13 absolute accuracy specification 5 4 accessories xi accuracy of power reference 5 5 address of Hewlett Packard 2 60 of HP IB 2 42 alphanumeric data entry window 1 13 modify 3 27 altitude characteristic 5 14 analog display 2 38 Anlg Mtr Scaling key description 3 14 arrow keys 1 6 3 27 averaging 2 28 B Cal Fac key description 3 12 B Freq key description 3 12 B key description 3 13 B Ref CF key description 3 26 B Table Off On key description 3 19 B A key description 3 13 B A key descripition 3 13 basic errors 2 58 battery self test 2 54 bit map display self test 2 55 Bitmap Displays key description 3 23 block data not allowed error message 4 6 bus HP IB setting of address 2 42 C cabinet installation 1 17 cables xi Cal A key description 3 25
53. d error message is individually cleared each time Next is selected HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 21 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu Press this softkey to return to the System I nputs menu Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to modify the setup of the recorder output Refer to Recorder Output on page 2 43 for further information Press this softkey to switch the rear panel Recorder Output on or off The Recorder Output produces a dc voltage that corresponds to the selected input channel power level in Watts Press this softkey to enter the input power level that you want to represent the 1 Vgc maximum output voltage of the Recorder Output Press this softkey to enter the input power level that you want to represent the 0 Vgc minimum output voltage of the Recorder Output Press this softkey to select which channel input signal appears on the Recorder Output Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to test and service your power meter Press this softkey to access the power meter s self test menu Press this softkey torun a series of tests on the power meter Refer to Instrument Self Test on page 2 52 for further information on the tests run Press this softkey to verify that the power meter makes an accurate measurement of it s 1 mW POWER REF output Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to select individual self tests t
54. e Save and Recall screens HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 27 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Diagramatical Keys Press this hardkey to e increment the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned That is digits scroll 0 through 9 and characters lowercase a through z uppercase A through Z then underscore e select fields for editing on the Edit Table screen e select a table in the Sensor Cal Tables screen e select a filein the Save and Recall screens E Press this hardkey to select the upper or lower measurement window on the power meter s display The window which is selected is highlighted by a shadowed box Any measurement setup you create using KOS and is implemented in the selected window e5 Press this hardkey to choose from a one or a two window display OI Press this hardkey to switch the power meter between on and standby When the power meter is switched to standby that is when this hardkey is off but the power is connected to the instrument the red LED is lit When the power meter is switched on the green LED is lit 3 28 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Error Messages Error Messages Introduction Introduction This chapter contains information about the power meter s error messages It explains how to read the power meter s error queue and lists all of the power meter s error messages and their probable cau
55. e entered it sensors Default value is obtained from the is 50 MHz EEPROM inthe power sensor BEE Press this softkey to enter the frequency of the signal to be measured on channel A in the range of 0 1 MHz to 999 999 GHz The default value is 50 MHz Use the c D and hardkeys to change the frequency To confirm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit Entering a frequency using this softkey is only possible when you have a sensor calibration table selected or you are using an HP E series power sensor HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 11 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Frequency Cal Fac Menu A Cal Fac Press this softkey to enter the measurement calibration factor for channel A in the range of 1 to 150 The default value is 100 Use the E gt and ESO hardkeys to change the calibration factor To confirm your choice press Entering a calibration factor using this softkey is only possible when you are using an HP 8480 series power sensor B Freq Press this softkey to enter the frequency of the signal to be measured on channel B in the range of 0 1 MHz to 999 999 GHz The default value is 50 MHz Use the Hl DO 2 and hardkeys to change the frequency To confirm your choice press the appropriate frequency unit Entering a frequency using this softkey is only possible when you have a sensor calibration table selected or you are using an HP E series power sensor B Cal Fac Press this softkey to e
56. e is still resident It returns a pass if the value is still present otherwise it returns a fail Measurement Assemblies A measurement assembly is requested to automatically run a self test This self test returns either a pass or a fail A fail can either be produced by the measurement assembly self test failing or by the measurement assembly not responding 2 54 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Self Test Calibrator The reference calibrator is turned on indicated by the POWER REF LED and measured internally A pass or fail result is returned Keyboard Front Panel only The power meter enters a mode where you are invited to press any key When a key is pressed its name appears on the screen You can check that the power meter is displaying the expected name when the relevant key is pressed This is a check that the power meter is receiving the correct keyboard signal Pressing the same key twice sequentially exits this mode and returns you toa display that lists all the keys that were not entered If the test is exited without all the keys being pressed a list is displayed showing all the keys which were not selected Display Three tests are available for the display the display assembly display RAM and bitmap display A read write is performed on the display RAM If the value which is written is read back correctly a pass is recorded otherwise a fail is recorded The liquid crystal display ligh
57. e power meter s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information 3 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Meas Setup Menu A B m AD B A A B Input Select E B A Display __ Setup Resolution 1234 Max Meter 20 000 dBm El Anio Min A AOK Mtr 70 000 dBm Scaling HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 5 Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps Rel Offset Menu Rel Off On b Rel Offset Offset Off On Offset 0 000dB Save Recall Menu m Save Enter m Recall Recall Edit Char Name Delete ar err Done Cancel Note Depending on the power meter s setup you will be unable to select certain softkeys The text on these softkey labels appears grayed out Refer to the appropriate softkey descriptions for further information 3 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference The Front Panel Menu Maps System Inputs Menu HP IB Addr 13 Edit Cal Change Table bro OnOn Insert B Table Off On pr Delete L Done br Done HP IB Filter rr Sensor Cal Off On System Tables Filter Inputs AUTO m A Input Settings A Duty Cycle Off On Pay Duty Cycle senings 1 000 Offset Off On
58. e the valid range for the command For example SENS FREQ 2KHZ Illegal parameter value A discrete parameter was received which was not a valid choice for the command You may have used an invalid parameter choice For example TRIG SOUR EXT Lists not same length This occurs when SENSe CORRection CSET STATe is set to ON and the frequency and calibration lists do not correspond in length Data corrupt or stale This occurs when a FETC is attempted and either a reset has been received or the power meter state has changed such that the current measurement is invalidated for example a change of frequency setting or triggering conditions Data questionable CAL ERROR ChA Power meter calibration failed on channel A The most likely cause is attempting to calibrate without applying a 1 mW power to the power sensor HP EPM 442A User s Guide 4 7 231 231 231 231 231 231 231 241 310 Error Messages Error Messages Data questionable CAL ERROR ChB Power meter calibration failed on channel B The most likely cause is attempting to calibrate without applying a 1 mW power to the power sensor Data questionable Input Overload ChA The power input to Channel A exceeds the power sensor s maximum range Data questionable I nput Overload ChB The power input to Channel B exceeds the power sensor s maximum range Data questionable L ower window log error This indicates th
59. eading This digital reading allows you to easily set the appropriate minimum and maximum values for the analog display Note The analog display does not indicate as much measurement data as the digital display That is it does not indicate when duty cycle range hold offset or relative mode are enabled In addition it does not indicate if the measurement is within the test limits if any are set 2 40 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Setting the Range Setting the Range The power meter has no internal ranges which can be set The only ranges that can be set are those of the HP E series power sensors With an HP E series power sensor the range can be set either automatically or manually Use autoranging when you are not sure of the power level you will be measuring There are two manual settings either LOWER or UPP ER The lower range is more sensitive than the higher range LOWI ER covers the range of 70 dBm to 13 5 dBm UPPER covers the range of 14 5 dBm to 20 dBm The default is AUTO Note The following procedure details how to set the range for channel A To set the range on channel B use the same procedure using the B Input Settings softkey To set the range 1 Press Ci A Input Settings Mor The current setting of the range Is displayed under the softkey 2 Tochange this setting press Range A pop up window appears Use a
60. ease the display contrast Press this softkey to decrease the display contrast e Set Contrast Press this softkey to set the default contrast to that currently displayed Note this key changes the factory default setting e Set Brightness Press this softkey to set the brightness Note this key changes the factory default setting m Version Press this softkey to display the model number option structure serial number firmware bootrom and DSP revisions 3 24 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Cal Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Zero Cal Menu The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the channel setup Press this hardkey to access the Zero Cal menu which allows you to zero and calibrate the power meter Refer to Calibrating the Power Meter on page 2 4 for further information Press this softkey to adjust channel A for a zero power reading with no power applied to the power sensor Refer to Zeroing the Power Meter on page 2 3 for further information Press this softkey to adjust channel B s internal circuitry for a zero power reading with no power applied to the power sensor Refer to Zeroing the Power Meter on page 2 3 for further information Press this softkey to adjust both channel AS and channel B s internal circuitry for a zero power reading with no power supplied to the power sensor Refer to Zeroing the Power Meter on page 2 3 for further information Pr
61. easurement on page 2 14 for further information 4 Makethe measurement Selecting a Sensor Calibration Table You can select a sensor calibration table for use by pressing ZEZ Sensor Cal Tables A Table Off On or The HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 13 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables State field indicates if any sensor calibration tables are currently selected The Sensor Tbls screen is displayed as shown in Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 Sensor Tblis Screen RMT TLK TRI Name State Pts Edit Cal Table 0 off 2 1 HP8481A off 19 Table 2 HP8482A off 12 On 3 HP8483A4 off 10 4 HP8481D off 21 5 HP8485A4 off 22 6 R8486 off 17 7 Q8486A off 19 8 R8486D off 17 9 HP84874 off 54 Making the Measurement To make the power measurement you zero and calibrate the power meter then set it for the frequency of the signal you want to measure The power meter automatically selects the calibration factor from the sensor calibration table Note The following procedure details the calibration for channel A To calibrate channel B use the same procedure using the equivalent channel B softkeys To calibrate both channels zero the power meter using Zero Both instep 2 then follow this procedure for channel A then repeat step 3 through to step 9 using the equivalent channel B softkeys 1 2 Press ESO Press Zero A During
62. ectly specified for a numeric parameter You may have misspelled the suffix For example SENS FREQ 200KZ Suffix too long A suffix used contained more than 12 characters For example SENS FREQ 2MHZZZZZZZZZZZ Suffix not allowed A suffix was received following a numeric parameter which does not accept a suffix For example INIT CONT OHz HP EPM 442A User s Guide 4 5 148 151 158 161 168 178 211 213 Error Messages Error Messages Character data not allowed A discrete parameter was received but a character string or a numeric parameter was expected Check the list of parameters to verify that you have used a valid parameter type For example MEM CLE CUSTOM_1 Invalid string data An invalid string was received Check to see if you have enclosed the character string in single or double quotes For example MEM CLE CUSTOM_1 String data not allowed A character string was received but is not allowed for the command Check the list of parameters to verify that you have used a valid parameter type For example LIM STAT ON Invalid block data A block data element was expected but was invalid for some reason For example DDT 15FET The 5 in the string indicates that 5 characters should follow whereas in this example there are only 3 Block data not allowed A legal block data element was encountered but not allowed b
63. entered an extra parameter or added a parameter toa command that does not accept a parameter For example CAL 10 Missing parameter Fewer parameters were received than expected for the command You omitted one or more parameters that are required for this command For example AVER COUN Program mnemonic too long A command header was received which contained more than the maximum 12 characters allowed For example SENSeAVERageCOUNt 8 4 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 113 121 123 124 128 131 134 138 Error Messages Error Messages Undefined header A command was received that is not valid for this power meter You may have misspelled the command or it may not be valid command If you are using the short form of the command remember that it may contain up to four letters For example TRIGG SOUR IMM Invalid character in number An invalid character was found in the number specified for a parameter value For example SENS AVER COUN 128 H Exponent too large A numeric parameter was found whose exponent was larger than 32 000 For example SENS COUN 1634000 Too many digits A numeric parameter was found whose mantissa contained more than 255 digits excluding leading zeros Numeric data not allowed A numeric value was received within a command which does not accept a numeric value For example MEM CLE 24 Invalid suffix A suffix was incorr
64. er Line FUSE rrura 2 56 Contacting Hewlett Packard ra 2 57 Before calling Hewlett Packard raa 2 57 eize gaiez ear 2 58 Instrument Serial NUMDESS rra 2 58 Sales and Service OFFICES rru 2 60 Returning Your Power Meter for Service rra 2 63 Menu Refer enc ZA 3 1 aida alaia 3 2 The Front Panel Menu Mas rrura 3 3 OB M W MeN sa 3 3 Frequency Cal Fac Menu rra 3 4 Meas Setup MG ra 3 5 Rel Offset NGO sura 3 6 Save Recall Menu rru 3 6 System Inputs M CN rra 3 7 System Inputs Menu GOES rru 3 8 Zero Gal MU eurra aiarar aaa 3 9 Front Panel M enu Reference rra 3 10 Diagrammatical HTG rra 3 27 Error Messages v 00 E cliente aie nena chat EE Eo 4 1 Padel aaz 4 2 Error Ek Sar 4 4 ei aA d da AAO 5 1 Hades alaiz 5 2 Power Meter Specifications rra 5 3 ASEA 5 3 dle ai gla 5 4 Power Reference rra 5 5 Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics 5 6 Power Reference rra 5 6 Measurement Speed A 5 6 Zero Drift Of SCNSOIS ra 5 7 Measurement NOZ rra 5 7 SOttlin TIO 5 9 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Contents 3 Power Sensor Specifications ra 5 12 General GROSS ua 5 13 Rear Pane Connector AAE 5 13 Environmental Characteristics ssssssssssrssrirrrrrsseesrerrrrnrrrrrnessses 5 14 General die ale diela 5 14 Operating Environment a 5 14 Storage Conditions ra 5 14 GENET AN roa a a a a A a a ada a tees usa ckeve 5 15 BUE 5 15 Weights ra i pied nia dead ee ETE ear d 5 15 EAE 5 15 Remote Programming rra 5 15 Nom Volatile Memory rra 5 15 Contents
65. er Supplemental Characteristics Table 5 3 Power Sensor Specifications Power Sensor Zero Drift Measurement Noise HP 8481A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP 8481B PENT lt 110 uW HP 8481D lt 4 pW lt 45 pW HP 8481H lt t1 uW lt 10 uW HP 8482A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP 8482B lt 10 uW lt 110 uW HP 8482H lt 1 uW lt 10 uW HP 8483A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP 8485A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP 8485D lt 4 pW lt 45 pW HP R8486A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP R8486D lt 6 pW lt 65 pW HP Q8486A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP Q8486D lt 6 pW lt 65 pW HP W8486A lt 40 nW lt 450 nW HP 8487A lt 10 nW lt 110 nW HP 8487D lt 4 pW lt 45 pW HP ECP E18A lt t 15 pW lt 70 pW HP ECP E26A lt t 15 pW lt 70 pW 1 Within 1 hour after zero set at a constant temperature after a 24 hour warm up of the power meter 2 The number of averages at 16 for normal mode and 32 for x2 mode at a constant temperature measured over a 1 minute interval and 2 standard deviations For HP ECP series power sensors the measurement noise is measured within the low range Refer to the relevant power sensor manual for further information 5 8 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Settling Time 0 to 99 settled readings over the HP IB For HP 8480 series power sensors Manual filter 10 dB decreasing power step Table 5 4 Settling Time Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics
66. er meter HP 8487D Prior to the power meter being zeroed and calibrated an HP 11708A 30 cB reference attenuator and an APC 2 4 f to 50 Q m N Type adapter 08487 60001 should be connected between the power sensor and the reference calibrator This attenuator must be removed from the power sensor input prior to making measurements HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 7 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP E Series Power Sensors Making Measurements with the HP E Series Power Sensors This section describes how to make continuous wave measurements using the HP E series power sensors The HP E series power sensors have their sensor calibration tables stored in EEPROM This allows the frequency and calibration data to be downloaded to the power meter automatically To make measurements perform the following steps 1 Zero and calibrate the power meter 2 Set the frequency for the signal you want to measure 3 Takea reading Procedure The following procedure details how to make a measurement on channel A of the power meter To make a measurement on channel B use the same procedure using the equivalent channel B softkeys 1 Ensure that no power is applied to the power sensor 2 Press 3 Press During zeroing which takes approximately 10 seconds the wait symbol is displayed 4 Connect the power sensor tothe POWER REF output 5 Press Cal Cal A tocalibrate the power meter During
67. es Europe Geneva Switzerland Tel 41 22 780 4111 Fax 41 22 780 4770 Latin America Hewlett Packard Latin American Region Headquarters 5200 Blue Lagoon Drive 9th Floor Miami Florida 33126 USA 305 267 4245 4220 United States Hewlett Packard Company Test and Measurement Organization 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd Bldg 51L SC Santa Clara CA 95052 8059 1 800 452 4844 In any correspondence or telephone conversations refer to the power meter by its model number which is on the front panel and full serial number which is on the rear panel With this information the HP representative can quickly determine whether your unit is still within its warranty period 2 62 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Returning Your Power Meter for Service Use the information in this section if you need to return your power meter to Hewlett Packard Package the Power Meter For Shipment Use the following steps to package the power meter for shipment to Hewlett Packard for service 1 Fill in a blue service tag available at the end of this guide and attach it tothe power meter Please be as specific as possible about the nature of the problem Send a copy of any or all of the following information a Any error messages that appeared on the power meter display a Any information on the performance of the power meter Caution Power meter damage can result from using pac
68. es and pull outward Rotate the handle to the desired position Bench top viewing positions 1 Carrying position HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Rack Mounting the Power Meter Rack Mounting the Power Meter You can mount the power meter in a standard 19 inch rack cabinet using one of three optional kits Instructions and mounting hardware are included with each rack mounting kit Any HP System II instrument can be rack mounted beside the HP EPM 442A power meter Torack mount the power meter 1 Remove the handle by rotating it to the vertical position and pulling the ends outward off EZ a ob tO a g 00000 e Front Rear bottom view HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Rack Mounting the Power Meter Torack mount a single instrument order option 908 or adapter kit 5063 9239 To rack mount two instruments side by side order option 909 or lock link kit 5061 9694 and flange kit 5063 9212 To install one or two instruments in a sliding support shelf order shelf 5063 9255 and slide kit 1494 0015 for a single instrument also order filler panel 5002 3999 1 18 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Power Meter Operation Introduction Introduction This chapter describes the parameters which configure the power meter to make measurements and help you determine settings to optimize performance This chapter
69. esented on the Recorder Output HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 43 Power Meter Operation Recorder Output Leveling a Source Output The Recorder output can be used to level an output from a source using external leveling The following procedure explains how to do this 1 Select the channel to be represented on the Recorder Output by pressing E More Recorder Output Output AB The highest power you are going to measure is used to determine the value which you should set for the Recorder Output maximum setting For example if you are measuring a power less than 1 mW and greater than 100 uW then set the recorder maximum value to 1 mW 2 50 dBm 100 W 40 dBm 10 W 30 dBm 1 W 20 dBm 100 mW 10 dBm 10 mW 0 dBm 1 mW 10 dBm 100 pW 20 dBm 10 pW 30 dBm 1 uW 40 dBm 100 nW 50 dBm 10 nw 60 dBm 1 nW To set the maximum value press Cw Ta and enter the Recorder Output Max Power value 3 Press Min Power and enter 0 W 4 Press Output Off On to on appropriate 2 44 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations To reduce repeated setup sequences up to ten power meter configurations can be stored in the power meter s non volatile memory The HP IB address the data stored in the sensor calibration tables and the zeroing and cali
70. ess the HP IB interface is functioning correctly Refer to Test Descriptions on page 2 54 if you require a description of each individual test When the TST command is executed the screen is cleared As each test takes place the name of the test is listed on the screen While a test is running the message Testing appears next tothe name of the test As each stage of the test is completed the message Testing iS replaced by either the message Passed or Failed HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 53 Power Meter Operation Self Test Test Descriptions This section specifies what is actually checked by each of the tests Some of the tests may only be applicable to one method of invocation for example from the front panel If this is the case it is specified in the test description Most of the tests have an associated error message which is added to the HP IB error queue if the test fails The exception to this is the bitmap display test Refer to Chapter 4 Error Messages for details on these error messages ROM Checksum This test calculates the checksum of the firmware and checks it against the pre defined checksum stored on the ROM A pass or a fail result is returned RAM This test carries out a read and write test on the instrument RAM Battery When the firmware is first downloaded a known value is written into a battery backed memory location This test verifies that the valu
71. ess this softkey to access a menu which allows you to calibrate the power meter Calibration sets the gain of the power meter using a 50 MHz oscillator as a traceable power reference m Cal A Press this softkey to calibrate channel A with the connected power sensor The POWER REF output is used as the signal source for calibration and is automatically switched on during this procedure m A Ref CF Press this softkey to enter a reference calibration factor for channel A A value in the range of 1 to 150 can be entered The default value is obtained from the sensor calibration table if one is selected otherwise it is 100 Use the and hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press This softkey cannot be selected when you are using an HP E series power sensor HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 25 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Zero Cal Menu Press this softkey to calibrate channel B with the connected power sensor The POWER REF output is used as the signal source for calibration and is automatically switched on during this procedure Press this softkey to enter a reference calibration factor for channel B A value in the range of 1 to 150 can be entered The default value is obtained from the sensor calibration table if one is selected otherwise it is 100 Use the EOI gt and hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press This softkey cannot be selected when you are usin
72. eter Zeroing the Power Meter This section describes how to zero the power meter Zeroing adjusts the power meter for a zero power reading with no power applied to the power sensor During zeroing which takes approximately 10 seconds the wait symbol is displayed To zero the power meter 1 Press E 2 Tozero channel A or channel B use Zero A or Zero B respectively Alternatively to zero both channel A and channel B sequentially use Zero Both During zeroing the wait symbol is displayed When to Zero Zeroing of the power meter is recommended e when a 50C change in temperature occurs e when you change the power sensor e every 24 hours e prior to measuring low level signals For example 10 dB above the lowest specified power for your power sensor HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 3 Note Power Meter Operation Calibrating the Power Meter Calibrating the Power Meter This section describes how to calibrate the power meter You should always zero the power meter prior to calibrating it Calibration sets the gain of the power meter using a 50 MHz 1 mW calibrator as a traceable power reference The power meter s POWER REF output or a suitable external reference is used as the signal source for calibration An essential part of calibrating is setting the correct reference calibration factor for the power sensor you are using The HP 8480 series power sensors require you to set the reference calibration factor
73. ext grayed out Note When the unit of measurement is set to Watt it is possible that negative power measurements may be displayed when measuring low power levels Table 2 2 Measurement Units Relative Mode Off Relative Mode On Measurement Mode Linear Log Linear Log Single Channel Watt dBm dB Ratio dB dB Difference Watt dBm dB 1 When relative mode is on that is EM Rel Off On is On the measurement is compared to a reference value 2 22 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys In various softkey menu structures you are required to enter the units of measurement for power In some cases due to the wide power range available the following menu is displayed mW nw L Cancel m Ww Increment Multiplier T Decrement Multiplier L Cancel Note Some softkeys may be grayed out so that an invalid value cannot be entered Pressing Increment Multiplier or increases or decreases the multiplier shown in front of Ww Pressing W after the correct multiplier has been selected confirms the entry HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 23 Power Meter Operation Making Relative Measurements Making Relative Measurements Relative mode allows you to compare any measurement result toa reference value The relative reading can be di
74. for further information about this hardkey and it s softkey menu 6 Dedicated Window hardkeys with softkey menus sip Ex I E These hardkeys allow access to softkey menus which affect the setup of the measurement windows Refer to Chapter 3 for further information about these hardkeys and their softkey menus 7 Dedicated Channel hardkeys with softkey menus Cia These hardkeys allow access to softkey menus which affect the measurement channel Refer to Chapter 3 for further information about these hardkeys and their softkey menus 8 Channel Inputs The HP EPM 442A has two sensor inputs Power meters configured with options 002 or 003 have the sensor inputs on the rear panel and the front panel HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 5 Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance 9 10 11 POWER REF Output The power reference output is a 50 Q type N connector The output signal of 1 mW at 50 MHz is used for calibrating the sensor and meter combination Power meters configured with option 003 have the power reference on the rear panel Arrow hardkeys a and X hardkeys allow you to move the position of the cursor select fields for editing and edit alphanumeric characters Refer to Chapter 3 for further information Menu related hardkeys This hardkey allows you to move through all pages of a menu The bottom right of the power meter display indicates the number of pages
75. g 2 53 keyboard 2 55 lithium battery 2 54 measurement assembly 2 54 RAM 2 54 ROM checksum 2 54 self test failed error messages 4 9 sensor cables xi Sensor Cal Tables key description 3 18 sensor calibration table editing 2 15 selection of 2 13 using 2 13 serial label 1 15 2 58 serial number identifiers 2 58 service packaging for 2 63 returning for 2 63 Service key description 3 22 service offices 2 60 settings conflict error message 4 7 settling time characteristic 5 9 single channel measurements 2 35 single sensor dynamic range specification 5 3 size of instrument 5 15 softkeys 1 5 1 8 3 3 sound emission viii specifications 5 2 speed of measurement 5 6 status reporting line 1 7 store 2 45 string data not allowed error message 4 6 suffix not allowed error message 4 5 suffix too long error message 4 5 switch on 1 3 SWR characteristic of power reference 5 6 symbols 1 12 syntax error error message 4 4 system error error messages 4 8 4 9 System Inputs menu map 3 7 System nputs key description 3 18 menu map 3 6 T telephone numbers of Hewlett Packard 2 60 temperature characteristic 5 14 test See self test title 1 8 too many digits error message 4 5 trigger deadlock error message 4 7 trigger ignored error message 4 6 turn on 1 3 U undefined header error message 4 5 units 2 22 upper limit 2 32 V Version key description 3 24 voltage 1 14 5 13 W W key description 3 10
76. g Pulsed Signals on page 2 30 for further information Press this softkey to toggle the channel offset value on or off The default is off The offset value is set using Offset Offset Press this softkey to enter a channel offset in the range of 100 dB to 100 dB The default value is 0 dB Use the gt and X hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press dB This offset can be used to compensate for a loss or gain The offset is applied to the measured power before the result is displayed Offset Off On is automatically set to on when a value is entered using Offset Refer to Setting Channel Offsets on page 2 26 for further information Range HP E series power sensors only Press this softkey to set the range in which you require the power meter to make the power measurement or set the power meter to autoranging Choose either UPPER LOWER or auTO from the selection available using the and hardkeys The default is AUTO Refer to Setting the Range on page 2 41 for further information Limits Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to enter the upper and lower measurement limits Refer to Setting Measurement Limits on page 2 32 for further information 3 20 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu Limits Off On Press this softkey to toggle between the test limits bein
77. g an HP E series power sensor power sensor Power Ref Off On Press this softkey to switch the POWER REF output on or off This output is used as the signal source for calibration The default is Off Ga Note During calibration the power meter automatically switches the power reference oscillator on if it is not already on then after calibration it switches it to the state it was in prior to the calibration 3 26 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Diagramatical Keys Diagrammatical Hardkeys E Press this hardkey to e assist in modifying alphanumeric data that is to be entered into the power meter This hardkey moves the position of the cursor to the left on the currently selected parameter e select fields for editing on the Edit Table screen gt Press this hardkey to e assist in modifying alphanumeric data that is to be entered into the power meter This hardkey moves the position of the cursor to the right on the currently selected parameter e select fields for editing on the Edit Table screen Press this hardkey to e decrement the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned That is digits scroll 9 through 0 and characters lowercase z through a uppercase Z through A then underscore e select fields for editing on the Edit Table screen e select a table in the Sensor Cal Tables screen e select a file in th
78. g on or off The default is oft Max Press this softkey to enter the upper measurement limit in the range 150 dBm to 230 dBm The default value is 90 00 dBm Use the lt 2 gt and x7 hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press the appropriate measurement units Max must be greater than Min Press this softkey to enter the lower measurement limit in the range 150 dBm to 230 dBm The default value is 90 00 dBm Use the lt lt 4 gt and ESO hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press the appropriate measurement units Min must be less than Max Power Ref Off On Press this softkey to switch the POWER REF output on or off This output is used as the signal source for calibration This softkey is commonly used for troubleshooting The default is off Note During calibration the power meter automatically switches the power reference oscillator on if it is not already on then after calibration it switches it to the state it was in prior to the calibration Eee Press this softkey to display any power meter errors and access a menu which allows you to clear and scroll through any power meter errors The errors are viewed in a first in first out FIFO basis m Clear Errors Press this softkey to clear all the errors which are stored in the power meter s memory m Next Press this softkey to move to the next error in the error queue The displaye
79. he HP E Series Power SeN SOTERA arabar aterat Eder 2 8 Procedure ar a dur tia 2 8 Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Pow r SONSOMS ange erare eg ag 2 10 E OO EE airetik tha inet ae 2 10 Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables 2 13 Selecting a Sensor Calibration TGG 2 13 Making the Measurement rra 2 14 Editing Sensor Calibration Tables rrua 2 15 Setting the Units of MGOSUTGITOGIE rr 2 22 Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys rr 2 23 Making Relative Measurements ra 2 24 ige esa 2 24 Setting the Resolution rr 2 25 Setting LEA 2 26 Setting Channel Offsets rr 2 26 Setting Display Offsets rr 2 26 Setting Averaging rr 2 28 Measuring Pulsed Signals rra 2 30 Setting Measurement Limits rr 2 32 Checking for Limit EGIIUTSS rra 2 33 Channel MGOGUTSTTGTEZ rra 2 35 Making Difference MeasureMentS rra 2 36 Making Ratio Measurements ra 2 37 Selecting a Digital or Analog Display sr 2 38 Setting the Range ss 2 41 Configuring the Remote ImEGrTSO rra 2 42 HP 1B Ga alea 2 42 Recorder Sal 2 43 Leveling a Source Output ra 2 44 Saving and Recalling Power Meter Configurations 00 2 45 How Measurements are Calculated rrua 2 47 Presetting the Power Meter rra 2 48 Preset Conditions a 2 48 Contents 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Self Ri eN 2 50 Power On Self Te St a 2 50 Front Panel Selection of Self TSEZ rra 2 51 eGela AAO 2 53 Test D SCri PtiOns a 2 54 Operator Maintenance ra 2 56 Replacing the Pow
80. he most recent error is discarded Once the errors are read they are removed from the error queue This opens a position at the end of the queue for a new error message if one is subsequently detected When all errors have been read from the queue further error queries return 0 No errors To delete all the errors in the queue from the front panel press CE Moe rren der then Clear Errors To delete all the errors in the queue remotely use e the cLs clear status command The error queue is also cleared when the instrument power has been switched off HP EPM 442A User s Guide 4 3 101 102 103 105 108 109 112 Error Messages Error Messages Error Messages Invalid character An invalid character was found in the command string You may have inserted a character such as or in the command header or within a parameter For example LIM LOW O Syntax error Invalid syntax was found in the command string For example LIM CLE AUTO 10r LIM CLE AUTO 1 Invalid separator An invalid separator was found in the command string You may have used a comma instead of a colon semicolon or blank space or you may have used a blank space instead of a comma For example OUTP ROSC 1 GET not allowed A Group Execute Trigger GET is not allowed within a command string Parameter not allowed More parameters were received than expected for the command You may have
81. his softkey to display the measurement results in Watts GB Press this softkey to display the measurement results in dB B Press this softkey to display the measurement results in 3 10 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Frequency Cal Fac Menu Cal Fac The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the channel setup Press this hardkey to access the Frequency Cal Fac menu which allows you to enter the frequency of the signal to be measured or the calibration factor Depending on the type of power sensor connected and whether or not a sensor calibration table is selected the text on some softkeys may appear grayed out This indicates that they are not relevant in the power meter s current mode of operation Table 3 1 details the relevant softkeys in various modes of operation Table 3 1 Sensor Calibration Table Sensor Calibration Table Selected Not Selected Sensor Model Frequency Cal Factor Frequency Cal Factor A Freq A Cal Fac A Freq A Cal Fac B Freq B Cal Fac B Freq B Cal Fac HP 8480 Frequency can TheCal Factor is Frequency The Cal Factor can series be entered obtained from the cannot be be entered Default power Default value sensor calibration entered value is 100 sensors is 50 MHz table but can be overridden by this softkey HP E series Not Applicable Not Applicable Frequency can The Cal Factor power be entered cannot b
82. hoice press Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured You must set the display to the type of measurement you require This can either be a direct channel measurement a ratio measurement of both channels or a difference measurement between both channels Use the following key presses Press HO Input select Select the appropriate softkey for the measurement you require either A B A B B A or tine then A B or B A The measurement result is now displayed Example To make a measurement on channel A with a power sensor which has a reference calibration factor of 99 8 and a calibration factor of 97 8 at the measurement frequency Disconnect the power sensor from any source Press ESO Press Zero A Press Cal HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 11 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements with the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors e Press A Ref CF Usethe lt 2 gt a and hardkeys to enter 99 8 Press e Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output e Press Cal A e Press Key A Cal Fac Usethe lt DO REG ERNE hardkeys to enter 97 8 Press 2 e Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured e The measurement result is now displayed 2 12 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables This section applies to all HP 8480 series power sensors It does not a
83. ice press Enter Filter Off On is automatically set to on when a valueis entered using Filter The filter can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Filter OEE Al HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 29 Note Power Meter Operation Measuring Pulsed Signals Measuring Pulsed Signals The power meter can be used to measure the power of a pulsed signal The measurement result is a mathematical representation of the pulse power rather than an actual measurement The power meter measures the average power of the pulsed input signal and then divides the measurement result by the duty cycle value to obtain the pulse power reading The allowable range of values is 0 001 to 100 The default value is 1 000 If duty cycle is enabled then Dty Cyc is displayed Pulse measurements are not recommended using HP ECP series power sensors An example of a pulsed signal is shown in Figure 2 6 Figure 2 6 Pulsed Signal Power Duty Cycle A B Time 2 30 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Note Power Meter Operation Measuring Pulsed Signals To set the duty cyde 1 Press ZEZ A Input Settings The current setting of the duty cycle Is displayed under the Duty Cycle softkey 2 Tochange this setting press Duty Cycle The power meter displays the duty cycle in a pop up window M odify this value see below until the desired duty cycle is displayed a Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently
84. ield displays the channel setup being measured either A B A B B A A B or B A 3 The measurement data is displayed in either one or two rectangular windows depending on the setting of EOI Pressing allows you to toggle between a one or two window display When two windows are displayed and this hardkey is pressed the single window then displayed is the one which was previously highlighted with the shadowed box On the two window display the measurement setup menus work on the window which is shadowed 4 This is the measurement result field HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 7 Getting Started The Display Layout 10 11 12 13 14 15 This field displays the units of measurement either dBm dB Watts or This window is configured to show an analog meter which displays the measurement result and the meter scaling This field displays the number of pages in the current softkey menu For example 1 of 2 indicates that there are two pages of softkeys and you are on the first page Pressing moves you topage 2 of 2 Any softkeys available are displayed in these four fields This field displays the title of the menu For example when the power meter is initially switched on the cont rast menu is displayed and if you press Zero Cal is displayed This field indicates if the measurement result is outwith the upper or lower limits set If the measurement is within the limits this field is e
85. inted at the front of this guide If your power meter is covered by a separate maintenance agreement please be familiar with the terms Hewlett Packard offers several maintenance plans to service your power meter after warranty expiration Call your HP Sales and Service Center for full details If the power meter becomes faulty and you wish to return the faulty instrument follow the description on how to return the faulty instrument in the section Sales and Service Offices on page 2 60 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 57 Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Check the Basics Problems can be solved by repeating what was being performed when the problem occurred A few minutes spent in performing these simple checks may eliminate time spent waiting for instrument repair Before calling Hewlett Packard or returning the power meter for service please make the following checks e Check that the line socket has power e Check that the power meter is plugged into the proper ac power source e Check that the power meter is switched on e Check that the line fuse is in working condition e Check that the other equipment cables and connectors are connected properly and operating correctly e Check the equipment settings in the procedure that was being used when the problem occurred e Check that the test being performed and the expected results are within the specifications and capabilities of the power meter e
86. is not correct press A Ref CF The power meter displays the reference calibration factor in a pop up window Modify this reference calibration factor see below as desired a Use or to modify the digit on which the cursor is currently positioned a Use K or to move to other digits To confirm your choice press Connect the power sensor tothe POWER REF output Press Cal A tocalibrate the power meter During calibration the wait symbol is displayed The power meter automatically turns on the POWER REF output Example To calibrate both channels of the power meter The reference calibration factors for the power sensors being 98 8 and 99 4 for channel A and channel B respectively Press ESO E Press A Ref CF Usethe 2 gt a and hardkeys to enter 98 8 Press Press B Ref CF Usethe lt 2 D gt a and hardkeys to enter 99 4 Press 3 Connect the channel A power sensor tothe POWER REF output Press Cal A Remove the channel A power sensor from the POWER REF output Connect the channel B power sensor tothe POWER REF output Press Cal B 2 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Calibrating the Power Meter Table 2 1 Connecting the HP 8480 Series Power Sensors During Calibration Sensor Model Connection Requirements HP 8481A HP 8481H HP 8482A HP 8482H These power sensors connect directly to the reference calibrator HP 8481D HP 8484A
87. kaging materials other than those specified Never use styrene pellets in any shape as packaging materials They do not adequately cushion the power meter or prevent it from shifting in the carton Styrene pellets cause power meter damage by generating static electricity and by lodging in the rear panel 2 Usetheoriginal packaging materials or a strong shipping container that is made of double walled corrugated cardboard with 159 kg 350 Ib bursting strength The carton must be both large enough and strong enough to accommodate the power meter and allow at least 3 to 4 inches on all sides of the power meter for packing material 3 Surround the power meter with at least 3 to 4 inches of packing material or enough to prevent the power meter from moving in the carton If packing foam is not available the best alternative is SD 240 Air Cap from Sealed Air Corporation Commerce CA 90001 Air Cap looks like a plastic sheet covered with 1 1 4 inch air filled bubbles Use the pink Air Cap to reduce static electricity Wrap the power meter several times in the material to both protect the power meter and prevent it from moving in the carton 4 Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive tape 5 Mark the shipping container FRAGILE HANDLE WITH CARE to ensure careful handling 6 Retain copies of all shipping papers HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 63 Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard
88. kard power sensors These power sensors are e DEFAULT e HP 8481A e HP 8482A e HP 8483A HP 8481D e HP 8485A e R8486A e Q8486A e R8486D e HP 8487A There are also ten sensor calibration tables named CUSTOM_0 through CUSTOM_9 which do not contain any data when the power meter is shipped from the factory You cannot delete any of the 20 sensor calibration tables Each sensor calibration table can contain a maximum of 80 frequency points each If you want a new sensor calibration table you must edit an existing one To edit a table 1 Select one using the E and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed tables When the table you want to edit is highlighted press Edit Cal Table The Edit Cal screen is displayed as shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 16 In this screen you can modify add and remove frequency and calibration factors and also edit the table name Use the 2 and hardkeys to move between the table name and its frequency and calibration factors A frequency in the range of 0 1 MHz to 999 999 GHz can be entered 1 DEFAULT is a sensor calibration table in which the reference calibration factor and calibration factors are 100 This sensor calibration table can be used during the performance testing of the power meter 2 The HP 8482B and HP 8482H power sensors use the same data as the HP 8482A HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 17 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration T
89. l Please refer to Returning Your Power Meter for Service on page 2 63 Replacing the Power Line Fuse 1 Remove the power cord from the power meter 2 Slidethe fuse holder assembly from the rear panel as shown in Figure 2 16 3 Install the correct fuse in the In line position as shown in Figure 2 16 A spare fuse can be stored in the fuse holder assembly 4 Replace the fuse holder assembly in the rear panel Figure 2 16 Replacing the Fuse In line fuse Spare fuse 2 56 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Contacting Hewlett Packard This section details what to do if you have a problem with your power meter If you havea problem with your power meter first refer to the section Before calling Hewlett Packard on page 2 57 This chapter contains a checklist that will help identify some of the most common problems If you wish to contact Hewlett Packard about any aspect of the power meter from service problems to ordering information refer to Sales and Service Offices on page 2 60 If you wish to return the power meter to H ewlett Packard refer to Returning Your Power Meter for Service on page 2 63 Before calling Hewlett Packard Before calling Hewlett Packard or returning the power meter for service please make the checks listed in Check the Basics on page 2 58 If you still have a problem please read the warranty pr
90. lations in Watts The power meter displays the numerical difference of the power values of both channels in dBm or Watts The power value for each channel includes offsets calibration factors and duty cyclein addition to measured power The filter range where applicable offset duty cycle and calibration factor are set individually for each channel Logarithmic units dBm can be used in A B difference measurements where the channel A power level is less than the channel B power level Likewise logarithmic units can be used in B A difference measurements where the channel B power level is less than the channel A power level However the negative sign is ignored and a log error is displayed on the status line and in the error queue Difference measurements can be displayed relative to a stored reference In relative mode readings are displayed in either dB or Refer to Making Relative Measurements on page 2 24 for further information 2 36 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Ratio Measurements Making Ratio Measurements Dual channel ratio measurements can be made on the currently selected window by pressing G53 Input Select and selecting A B or B A The power meter always carries out Maths calculations in Watts The power meter displays the ratio of the channels power values in either dB or When the measurement result is displayed in a prefix multiplier may be shown The power value of e
91. ly returns you to the Contrast menu which allows you to increase or decrease the display contrast 20 Press this softkey to increase the display contrast VO Press this softkey to decrease the display contrast HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 15 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Rel Offset Menu Offset The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the currently selected window Press this hardkey to access the Rel Offset menu which allows you to compare any measurement result in dB or percentage to a reference value and set display offsets Press this softkey to toggle the reference value on or off The default is off The reference value is set using Rel Rel Press this softkey to use the current reading as the reference value This allows you to compare any measurement result in dB or percentage Rel Off On is automatically set to on when Rel is pressed Press this softkey to toggle the display offset value on or off The default is off The offset value is set using Offset Press this softkey to enter a display offset value Use the and hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press dB Offset Off On is automatically set to On when a value is entered using Offset E HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Save Recall Menu Recall The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the system set
92. ments Option 915 provides the HP EPM 441A 442A Service Guide Option 916 provides an additional HP EPM 442A User s Guide and HP EPM 441A 442A Programming Guide Option 1BN provides MIL STD 45662A ANSI NCSL Z540 1 1994 Certificate of Calibration Option 1BP provides MIL STD 45662A ANSI NCSL Z540 1 1994 Certificate of Calibration and data Available Accessories HP 34161A Accessory Pouch The following HP power sensor cables are available a HP 11730A 1 5 m 7 5 ft a HP 11730B 3 m 10 ft a HP 11730C 6 1 m 20 ft a HP 11730D 15 2 m 50 ft a HP 11730E 30 5 m 100 ft a HP 11730F 61 m 200 ft HP EPM 442A User s Guide xi About this Guide About this Guide Chapter 1 Getting Started This chapter prepares the power meter for use and helps you to get familiar with a few of the front panel features Chapter 2 Power Meter Operation This chapter gives a detailed description of the capabilities and operation of the power meter You will find this chapter useful when you are operating the power meter from the front panel Chapter 3 Menu Map Reference This chapter details diagrammatically the menu maps for the power meter It also gives a description of all the power meter s keys Chapter 4 Error Messages This chapter lists the error messages that may appear as you are working with the power meter Each description contains information to help you diagnose and solve the problem Chapter 5 Specifica
93. mpty If the measurement result is less than the minimum limit set Undr Lmt is displayed If the measurement result is more than the maximum limit set over Lmt is displayed Refer to Setting Measurement Limits on page 2 32 for further information This field displays Re1 if relative mode is on Refer to Making Relative Measurements on page 2 24 for further information This field displays ofs if an offset is set Refer to Setting Offsets on page 2 26 for further information This field displays Rng Sd if arangeis selected Refer to Setting the Range on page 2 41 for further information This field displays Dty Cyc ifa duty cycleis set This allows you to measure the power of a pulsed signal Refer to Measuring Pulsed Signals on page 2 30 for further information This field displays the currently selected frequency or calibration factor HP EPM 442A User s Guide Selecting Your Display Layout Your power meter display is extremely flexible It can be used to display a variety of different measurements and windows depending on your needs The following diagram details the various options available to you Getting Started The Display Layout Display Y Select using EES One Window Two Windows Select using Y Sele
94. n be specified in dB or digits depending on the measurement suffix used The suffix used is the one which is selected in then menu These four levels 1 2 3 4 represent 1 0 1 0 01 0 001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or cB 1 2 3 or 4 significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or The default value is 3 that is 0 01 dB or 3 digits HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference More Preset Local Prev Keys Press this hardkey to move through all the softkeys available on a particular level of a menu The bottom right of the power meter display indicates the number of pages in the menu For example if 1 of 2 is displayed pressing More moves you to 2 of 2 Pressing More again moves you back to 1 of 2 Preset Press this hardkey to preset the power meter if you are currently working in local mode that is front panel operation A confirmation pop up window is displayed prior to a preset being carried out Presetting the power meter returns you to the Contrast menu However if you are in remote mode that is HP IB operation then pressing this hardkey places the power meter in local mode provided local lock out LLO is not enabled When reverting to local mode the power meter triggering is set to free run Press this hardkey to move back one level in the softkey menu structure Pressing this hardkey numerous times eventual
95. n to the measurement screen HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 17 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu Inputs The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the system setup and the channel setup Press this hardkey to access the System I nputs menu This menu allows you to set up a variety of conditions for your power meter for example HP IB address sensor calibration tables averaging duty cycle range offset service It also allows you to review errors HP IB Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to set the HP IB address and select the HP IB command set you want to use E Eeee Press this softkey to set the HP IB address of your power meter between 0 and 30 The default value is 13 A pop up window appears on the screen Use the E and hardkeys to change the value To confirm your choice press Enter Refer to HP IB Address on page 2 42 for further information Sensor Cal Tables Press this softkey to access a menu and screen which allows you to select and edit sensor calibration tables Use ee and o hardkeys to scroll through the displayed sensor ca SR t Sensor calibration tables are only required for ihe H P 8480 series power sensors E Edit Cal Table Press this softkey to access a menu and screen which allows you to modify add and remove frequency and calibration factors from the currently selected table and modify the table name Use the l
96. nter the measurement calibration factor for channel B in the range of 1 to 150 The default value is 100 Use the E gt and hardkeys to change the calibration factor To confirm your choice press Entering a calibration factor using this softkey is only possible when you are using an HP 8480 series power sensor HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference Meas Setup Menu Meas Setup The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the currently selected window Press to select the upper or lower measurement window on the power meter s display The window which is selected is highlighted by a shadowed box and the set up you create is implemented in this window Press this hardkey to access the Meas Setup menu This menu allows you to set up a variety of conditions in the currently selected measurement window for example an analog or digital display measurement limits resolution and channel selection Input Select Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to select the channel to be displayed eo A Press this softkey to display channel A Refer to Channel Measurements on page 2 35 for further information Se B Press this softkey to display channel B Refer to Channel Measurements on page 2 35 for further information A B Press this softkey to display the ratio of channel A power to channel B power A B Refer to Making Ratio Measurements
97. o be run 3 22 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu Press this softkey to perform a ROM checksum verification test Press this softkey to verify the memory and the correct amount of RAM is present Press this softkey to verify that the firmware checksum is still resident in a battery backed memory location Press this softkey to run a Self test on the measurement assemblies Refer to Measurement Assemblies on page 2 54 for further information Press this softkey to make internal voltage measurements on the 50 MHz reference oscillator Press this softkey to verify that the keys are functioning correctly Once you enter this test you are prompted to press all the keys and verify the correct descriptions are displayed on the screen Press this softkey to access a menu of various front panel display patterns b Press this softkey to make internal measurements on the display b Press this softkey to perform a display RAM read write b e Press this softkey to display test patterns Instructions appear on the screen detailing the use of More to yde through the various bitmaps and to end the displays Display Press this softkey to access a menu which allows you to set the defaults for contrast and brightness HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 23 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu 0 Press this softkey to incr
98. oller Ground Binding post accepts 4 mm plug or bare wire connection Line Power Input Voltage Range 85 to 264 Vac automatic sd ection e Input Frequency Range 47 to 63 Hz e Power Requirement approximatdy 50 VA 14 Watts HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 13 Specifications Environmental Characteristics Environmental Characteristics General Conditions Complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC This includes Generic Immunity Standard EN 50082 1 1992 and Radiated Interference Standard EN 55011 1991 CISPR11 1990 Group 1 Class A Operating Environment Temperature OSC to 55 C Maximum Humidity 95 at 40 C non condensing Minimum Humidity 15 at 40 C non condensing Maximum Altitude 3 000 meters 9 840 feet Location For useindoors Storage Conditions Storage Temperature 202C to 709C Non Operating Maximum Humidity 90 at 65 C non condensing Non Operating Maximum Altitude 15 240 meters 50 000 feet 5 14 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications General General Dimensions The following dimensions exclude front and rear panel protrusions 212 6 mm W x 88 5 mm H x 348 3 mm D 8 5 in x 3 5 in x 13 7 in Weight Net 4 1 Kg 9 0 Ib Shipping 8 0 Kg 17 6 Ib Safety Conforms to the following Product Specifications e EN61010 1 1993 lEC 1010 1 19904 A1 CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1993 e EN60825 1 1994 I EC 825 1 1993 Class 1 e Low Voltage Dire
99. on HP EPM 442A User s Guide 3 9 Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference dBm W Menu Front Panel Menu Reference This section describes all the hardkeys and softkeys on your power meter The hardkey descriptions are in alphabetical order The softkey descriptions are in the order they appear in the menus Diagrammatical hardkeys are described at the end of this section The hardkeys can be separated into three categories those which affect e thesystem setup for example the HP IB address e the currently selected window setup for example the measurement units e the channel setup for example channel offsets dBm W The softkey menu structured to this hardkey affects the currently selected window Press EOI to select the upper or lower measurement window on the power meter s display The window which is selected is highlighted by a shadowed box and the set up you create is implemented in this window Press this hardkey to access the dBm Watts menu which allows you to select the measurement units These can either be logarithmic dBm or dB or linear Watt or The default is logarithmic The text on some softkeys may appear grayed out This indicates that they are not a relevant unit of measurement in the currently selected window Refer to Setting the Units of Measurement on page 2 22 for further information e dBm Press this softkey to display the measurement results in dBm B Press t
100. on table the power meter uses the highest or lowest frequency point in the sensor calibration table to calculate the calibration factor 2 18 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables The following lists detail the contents of the predefined sensor calibration tables DEFAULT HP 8482A RCF 100 RCF 98 0 1MHz 100 0 1 MHz 98 110 GHz 100 0 3MHz 99 5 HP 8481A 1MHz 99 3 RCF 100 3MHz 98 5 50 MHz 100 10 MHz 98 5 100 MHz 99 8 30 MHz 98 1 2 GHz 99 100 MHz 97 6 3 GHz 98 6 300 MHz 97 5 4GHz 98 1 GHz 97 5 GHz 97 7 2 GHz 95 6 GHz 97 4 3 GHz 93 7 GHz 97 1 4 2 GHz 91 8 GHz 96 6 HP 8483A 9 GHz 96 2 RCF 94 6 10 GHz 95 4 0 1 MHz 94 11 GHz 94 9 0 3MHz 97 9 12 4 GHz 94 3 1MHz 98 4 13 GHz 94 3 3MHz 98 4 14 GHz 93 2 10 MHz 99 3 15 GHz 93 30 MHz 98 7 16 GHz 93 100 MHz 97 8 17 GHz 92 7 300 MHz 97 5 18 GHz 91 8 1 GHz 97 2 2 GHz 96 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 19 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables HP 8481D HP 8485A RCF 99 RCF 100 50 MHz 99 50 MHz 100 500 MHz 99 5 2 GHz 99 5 1GHz 99 4 4GHz 98 9 2 GHz 99 5 6 GHz 98 5
101. positioned a Use K or to move to other digits 3 To confirm your choice press 4 Duty Cycle Off On is automatically set to on when a valueis entered using Duty Cycle Duty cycle can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Duty Cycle Off On Pulse power averages out any aberrations in the pulse such as overshooting or ringing For this reason it is called pulse power and not peak power or peak pulse power In order to ensure accurate pulse power readings the input signal must be pulsed with a rectangular pulse Other pulse shapes such as triangle chirp or Gaussian will cause erroneous results The pulse power on off ratio must be much greater than the duty cycle ratio HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 31 Power Meter Operation Setting Measurement Limits Setting Measurement Limits The power meter can be configured to verify the power being measured against an upper and or lower limit value The range of values that can be set for upper and lower limits is 150 dBm to 230 dBm The default upper limit is 90 00 dBm and the default lower limit is 90 00 dBm To set the limits 1 Press pee setting of the maximum and minimu the Max and Min softkeys respectively 2 Tochange either of these settings press the appropriate softkey The power meter displays the current value in a pop up window Modify this value see below until the desired value is displayed a Use Je Be modify the digit on whi
102. pply to the HP E series power sensors For the HP 8480 series power sensors there are two methods of providing correction data to the power meter A inputting the individual calibration factor for a frequency prior to making the measurement or B using sensor calibration tables This section describes how to use sensor calibration tables Sensor calibration tables are used to store the measurement calibration factors supplied with each power sensor in the power meter These calibration factors are used to correct measurement results Using sensor calibration tables provides you with a quick and convenient method for making power measurements over a range of frequencies using one or more power sensors The power meter is capable of storing 20 sensor calibration tables of 80 frequency points each To use sensor calibration tables you 1 Select the table to work on a channel Refer to Selecting a Sensor Calibration Table on page 2 13 for further information If you require to edit the table refer to Editing Sensor Calibration Tables on page 2 15 for further information 2 Zeroand calibrate the power meter The reference calibration factor used during the calibration is automatically set by the power meter from the sensor calibration table 3 Specify the frequency of the signal you want to measure The calibration factor is automatically set by the power meter from the sensor calibration table Refer to Making the M
103. r sensors connected to both channels e Press ESO Ean e Connect the channel A power sensor to the POWER REF output e Press Cal A then wait till the calibration is completed e Remove the channel A power sensor from the POWER REF output e Connect the channel B power sensor tothe POWER REF output e Press Cal B then wait till the calibration is completed Calibration Procedure using HP 8480 Series Power Sensors The following procedure describes how you calibrate the power meter with the HP 8480 series power sensors There area variety of different methods to connect the power sensors to the power meter depending on the model of power sensor you are using Refer to Table 2 1 on page 2 7 for details on connecting different power sensor models HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 5 Power Meter Operation Calibrating the Power Meter Note The following procedure details the calibration for channel A To calibrate channel B use the same procedure using the equivalent channel B softkeys To calibrate both channels sequentially follow this procedure for channel A then repeat step 2 through to step 5 using the equivalent channel B softkeys 1 2 A Press ESO Cal Verify the reference calibration factor of your power sensor with that displayed under A Ref CF The value shown is obtained from the sensor calibration table if one is selected otherwise it is the last value set or the default of 100 If the value
104. r power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy Relative 0 04 dB Logarithmic or 1 0 Linear Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in your power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy Zero Set digital settability of zero Power sensor dependent refer to Table 5 1 For HP ECP series power sensors this specification applies when zeroing is performed with the sensor input disconnected from the POWER REF Table 5 1 Zero Set Specifications Power Sensor Zero Set HP 8481A 50 nW HP 8481B HP 8481D HP 8481H HP 8482A HP 8482B HP 8482H HP 8483A HP 8485A HP 8485D HP R8486A HP R8486D HP Q8486A HP Q8486D 30 pW HP W8486A 200 nW HP 8487A 50 nW HP 8487D 20 pW HP ECP E18A_ 50 pW HP ECP E26A 50 pW 5 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Specifications Power Meter Specifications Power Reference Power Output 1 00 mW 0 0 dBm Factory set to 0 7 traceable to the US National Institute of Standards and Technology Accuracy 1 2 worst case 0 9 rss for one year HP EPM 442A User s Guide 5 5 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Reference Frequency 50 MHz nominal SWR 1 05 maximum Connector TypeN f 50 Q Measurement Speed Over the HP IB three measurement speed modes are available as shown along with thetypi
105. ramatical key descriptions 3 27 difference measurements 2 36 digital display 2 38 dimensions of instrument 5 15 display 1 4 analog or digital 2 38 offset 2 26 one or two windows 1 7 resolution specification 5 3 self test 2 55 units specification 5 3 Display Assy key description 3 23 Display Format key description 3 14 Display key description 3 23 Display RAM key description 3 23 documents x Done key description 3 17 3 19 3 22 duty cycle 1 8 Duty Cycle key description 3 20 Duty Cycle Off On key description 3 20 Edit Cal Table key description 3 18 Edit Name key description 3 17 Enter key description 3 17 environmental characteristics 5 14 Error List key description 3 21 error window 1 12 errors 2 57 42 exponent too large error message 4 5 expression data not allowed error message 4 6 F failures 2 33 fail indicator 1 8 fail limits 2 32 field selection 3 27 filter 2 28 Filter key description 3 19 Filter Off On key description 3 19 frequency range 5 13 specification 5 3 frequency characteristic of power reference 5 6 Frequency Cal Fac key description 3 11 Frequency Cal Fac menu map 3 4 fuse 1 14 replacing 2 56 G gain 2 26 GET not allowed error message 4 4 getting started 1 1 H handle adjusting 1 16 hardkeys 1 4 1 6 3 3 hardware missing error message 4 8 Hewlett Packard contacting 2 57 Index 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide offices 2 60 HP IB
106. rator serviceable parts inside Refer servicing to qualified personnel To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers For continued protection against fire hazard replace the line fuse s only with fuses of the same type and rating for example normal blow time delay etc The use of other fuses or material is prohibited HP EPM 442A User s Guide General Safety Considerations General Safety Considerations WARNING Before this instrument is switched on make sure it has been properly grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a socket outlet provided with protective earth contact Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor inside or outside the instrument or disconnection of the protective earth terminal can result in personal injury Caution Any adjustments or service procedures that require operation of the instrument with protective covers removed should be performed only by trained service personnel Markings LS ISM oP GROUP 1 CLASS A The CE mark shows that the product complies with all the relevant European legal Directives if accompanied by a year it signifies when the design was proven This is the symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association External Protective Earth Terminal While this is a Class product provided
107. rd instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment During the warranty period Hewlett Packard Company will at its option either repair or replace products which prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to HP from another country HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument HP does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free HP EPM 442A User s Guide iii Legal Information Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Exclusive Remedies THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL
108. rement frequency does not correspond directly toa frequency in the sensor calibration table the power meter calculates the calibration factor using linear interpolation If you enter a frequency outside the frequency range defined in the sensor calibration table the power meter uses the highest or lowest frequency point in the sensor calibration table to set the calibration factor The value of the calibration factors being used by the power meter to make a measurement is displayed under the A Cal Fac or B Cal Fac softkeys Editing Sensor Calibration Tables You can edit sensor calibration tables using the Edit Cal menu as shown in Figure 2 2 To view the sensor calibration tables currently stored in the power meter press Ca sensor Cal Tables The Sensr Tabs screen is displayed as shown in Figure 2 1 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 15 Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables Figure 2 2 Edit Cal Screen LCL Name Ref CF 100 0 Fre 50 00MHz 100 00MHz 2 00GHZz 3 00GHZz 4 00GHz 5 00GHz 6 00GHz 7 00GHz Cal Fac 100 0 99 8 99 0 98 6 98 0 97 7 97 4 97 1 2 16 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Making Measurements using Sensor Calibration Tables The power meter is shipped with a set of predefined sensor calibration tables The data in these tables is based on statistical averages for a range of Hewlett Pac
109. roblems 2 57 4 2 program mnemonic too long error message 4 4 pulsed signals measuring 2 30 Q query deadlocked error message 4 11 query interrupted error message 4 11 query unterminated after indefinite response er ror message 4 11 query unterminated error message 4 11 queue overflow error message 4 10 R rack mount 1 17 RAM key description 3 23 RAM self test 2 54 Range key description 3 20 range setting of 2 41 ratio measurement 2 37 rear panel 1 14 recall 2 45 Recall key description 3 17 Recorder Output connector 1 14 2 43 characteristic 5 13 Recorder Output key description 3 22 reference 2 4 setting of 2 24 regulatory information viii Rel key description 3 16 Rel Off On key description 3 16 Rel Offset key description 3 16 menu map 3 6 relative accuracy specification 5 4 relative measurements 2 24 remote interface connector 1 14 setting of address 2 42 Resolution 1 2 3 4 key description 3 14 resolution of display 2 25 returning for service 2 63 ROM Checksum key description 3 23 ROM checksum self test 2 54 S safety v 5 15 sales and service offices 2 60 save 2 45 Save key description 3 17 Save Recall key description 3 17 menu map 3 6 screen 1 4 layout 1 7 Index 4 HP EPM 442A User s Guide selecting a field 3 27 a window 3 28 Self Test key description 3 22 self test 2 50 bitmap display 2 55 calibrator 2 55 display 2 55 front panel selection of 2 51 HP IB testin
110. ses When there is a hardware related problem for example a power sensor overload the error message is displayed on the status line at the top of the display In addition the errors are also written to the error queue If there are any errors in the error queue the front panel error annunciator is displayed as shown in Figure 4 1 Other errors can also be generated when the power meter is being operated over the remote interface These errors also display the error annunciator and are written to the error queue Figure 4 1 Error Annunciator Position Error annunciator Freq E i A edu HEE Sensor Cal Tabl s h 6 0 du Tr A Input B 21 24dBm Settings Yy B Input Settings 70 000dBm 20 000dBm To read the error queue from the front pane press e Vore Exxor List then use Next to scroll through eacn error message To read the error queue from the remote interface use e thesySTem ERRor command Error queue messages have the following format Error d O Error Gy Device Number Description Dependent nfo For example 330 Self test Failed Battery Fault 4 2 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Error Messages Introduction Errors are retrieved in a first in first out FIFO order If more than 30 errors occur the error queue overflows and the last error in the queue is replaced with error 350 Queue Overflow Any time the queue overflows t
111. speed 5 6 units 2 22 using calibration tables 2 13 with HP E series sensors 2 8 memory 5 15 save and recall 2 45 menu maps 3 3 menu title 1 8 Meter Dgtl Anlg key description 3 14 Min key description 3 14 3 21 Min Power key description 3 22 missing parameter error message 4 4 More key description 3 15 negative readings 2 22 Next key description 3 21 noise characteristic 5 7 non volatile memory 5 15 numeric data not allowed error message 4 5 numeric entry window 1 13 0 Offset key description 3 16 3 20 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Index 3 Offset Off On key description 3 16 3 20 offsets 2 26 operating environment 5 14 operating voltage 1 14 options xi out of memory error message 4 9 Output A B key description 3 22 Output Off On key description 3 22 overlooked errors 2 58 overview xii P packaging for service 2 63 parameter error error message 4 7 parameter not allowed error message 4 4 pass indicator 1 8 limits 2 32 power sensor cables xi sensors 5 3 socket 1 14 power characteristic 5 13 power on 1 2 1 3 key description 3 28 self test 2 50 power output specification 5 5 power range specification 5 3 POWER REF connector option 003 1 14 Power Ref Off On key description 3 21 3 26 POWER REF output 1 6 power reference characteristics 5 6 specification 5 5 prepare for use 1 2 preset conditions 2 48 Preset Local key description 3 15 Prev key description 3 15 p
112. splayed in either dB or by pressing and selecting either dB or When the measurement result is displayed in a prefix multiplier may be shown Relative mode is window dependent and when enabled displays Rel in the window to which it s applied Relative measurements cannot be output via the rear panel Recorder Output Procedure To set a reference value on the currently selected window 1 Press Gra 2 Press Rel tousethe current reading as the reference value This allows you to compare any measurement result in dB or percentage 3 Rel Off On is automatically set to on when Rel is pressed Successive measurements are now displayed relative to the reference value The relative mode can be disabled and re enabled simply by pressing Rel Off On 2 24 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Power Meter Operation Setting the Resolution Setting the Resolution The resolution of each of the power meter s windows can be set to four different levels 1 2 3 or 4 These four levels represent e 1 0 1 0 01 0 001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB e 1 2 30r 4significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or The default value is 0 01 dB 3 digits To set the resolution on the currently selected window 1 Press LEZE The current setting of the resolution is highlighted on the Resolution 1 2 3 4 softkey 2 Tochange this setting press Resolution 1 2 3 4
113. sts can be run individually Information on the instrument self test and confidence check are described on page 2 52 Refer to Test Descriptions on page 2 54 if you require a description of the other tests When an individual test is selected the message Testing appears next to the name of the test When the test is complete the message Testing is replaced by either the message Passed or Failed This pass fail indication excludes the keyboard test and the bitmap display test both of which rely on your interaction to detect a failure When the individual test is complete the result is displayed until Done is selected If the self test failed information about the failure is displayed on the screen HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 51 Power Meter Operation Self Test Instrument Self Test If Instrument Self Test is selected the following tests are run these are the same tests which are run using the TST command ROM checksum RAM Battery Display Assembly Calibrator Measurement Assemblies As each test takes place the name of the test is listed on the screen While a test is running the message Testing appears next to the name of the test As each stage of the test is completed the message Testing is replaced by either the message Passed or Failed Confidence Check The confidence check requires you to carry out the following procedure Instructions are
114. t lt DO and hardkeys to move between the name frequency and calibration factors Press Change Insert or Delete as follows Change Press this softkey to modify the highlighted parameter which is either a frequency calibration factor or table name op up window displays the parameter Use the E J 2 and lt hardkeys to change the parameter value To confirm your choice press Enter HP EPM 442A User s Guide Menu Reference Front Panel Menu Reference System Inputs Menu e Insert Press this softkey to insert a new sensor calibration table entry You are prompted to enter the frequency and calibration factor The entry is inserted in ascending frequency order Delete Press this softkey to delete a sensor calibration table entry If you delete the frequency the corresponding calibration factor is also removed and vice versa e Done Press this softkey to return to the measurement screen The softkeys from the first level of the System I nputs menu are displayed A Table Off On Press this softkey to enable and disable the highlighted sensor calibration table for channel A a or B is displayed beside each table to indicate it s current state and use m 8B Table Off On Press this softkey to enable and disable the sensor calibration table for channel B A or B is displayed beside each table to indicate it s current state and use Done Press this softkey to return to the me
115. t emitting diode _CD LED control circuits are tested by making separate voltage measurements via the multiplexer and digital signal processor If the expected voltages are measured a pass is recorded otherwise a fail is recorded The three circuits which are tested arethe LCD contrast control the LED brightness control and the display temperature sensing diode Bitmap Display Front Panel only A series of bitmaps are displayed on the power meter showing two checkboards vertical lines horizontal lines oblique lines all pixels on and all pixels off Pressing cycles you through these bitmaps Thee key stops the display and returns you to the previous menu HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 55 Power Meter Operation Operator Maintenance Operator Maintenance This section describes how to replace the power line fuse and clean the power meter If you need additional information about replacing parts or repairing the power meter refer to the HP EPM 441A 442A Service Guide To clean the power meter disconnect it s supply power and wipe with a damp cloth only The power line fuse is located within the power meter s fuse holder assembly on the rear panel For all voltages the power meter uses a 250 V F3 15AH 20mm fast blow fuse with high breaking capacity HP part number 2110 0957 Note The power meter also has an internal fuse If you suspect that this fuse needs replaced it must be done by trained service personne
116. the operating range of the power meter the display may take a few minutes to operate 2 Set the display contrast if required The display contrast is adjusted by pressing d and VO If these softkeys are not displayed press repeatedly until they appear 3 Connect the power sensors Connect one end of each of the sensor cables to the power meter s channel inputs and the other ends to the power sensors 4 Making a measurement A minimum warm up time of 30 minutes is recommended before accurate measurements can be made Prior to making your first measurement you must zero and calibrate the sensor and meter combination Refer to Chapter 2 for further information if you are not familiar with zeroing calibrating or making measurements with a power meter HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 3 Getting Started The Front Panel at a Glance The Front Panel at a Glance iiz j 12 11 10 9 f EES EPM 442A POWER METER POWER REF OQ EA pea ZE pi E Gea dei E S e EO HI SRI SIK E d ZKO 4 5 6 7 8 This hardkey allows you to preset the power meter if you are currently working in local mode that is front panel operation In local mode a confirmation pop up window is displayed prior toa preset being
117. tions This chapter lists the power meter s specifications and describes how to interpret these specifications xii HP EPM 442A User s Guide Table of Contents Page Legal Information sr iii Equipment Operation ra V Personal Safety ConsiderationS sssssseseseresrrsrrerresrrereees V General Safety DGOSIGGrOEIOZ ra vi AR date Ea vi TEC 1010 1 Compliance rra vii Regulatory Information ra viii Sound EOS OTE aea EAE E EET Zarr viii Australian EMC EGOUTSEI GES rra viii Declaration of Conformity ra ix List of Related Publications rrua x HP EPM 442A Options rr xi Available Accessories rss xi About thiS GUS Gainea aai i xii Getting balla BAA 1 1 Halaz as 1 2 Turning On the Power M ete rrura 1 3 The Front Panel at a Glance rrura 1 4 The Display L GO 1 7 Selecting Your Display Layout rru 1 9 Display TUtorial rra 1 10 ADIN aA 1 12 Warning Symbol rra 1 12 Confirmation Window rra 1 12 MARI AAO 1 12 L of N Entry WINdoW rrua 1 13 Numeric or Alphanumeric Entry Window rra 1 13 The Rear Barda 1 14 Adjusting the Carrying Gre sr 1 16 Rack Mounting the Power Me amp t f rrura 1 17 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Contents 1 Power Meter Operation rra 2 1 alaiez lea ta 2 2 Zeroing the Power MEE rrua 2 3 Calibrating the Power NSG rra 2 4 Calibration Procedure Using HP E Series EGONAZ EGO EEE arratza rk deira a oai 2 5 Calibration Procedure using HP 8480 Series Power SOnSOMrs akara ei ak giako 2 5 Making Measurements with t
118. up Press this hardkey to access the Save Recall menu and screen which allows you to save and recall setups which you use frequently Save Press this softkey to save the current setup of the power meter to the highlighted file First use the and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files When the required file is highlighted press Save BEE Press this softkey to recall a required power meter setup from the highlighted file First use the ld and hardkeys to scroll through the displayed files When the required file is highlighted press Recall Edit Name Press this softkey to change a file name First use the EGOI and hardkeys to scroll between the displayed files When the file name you require to change is highlighted press Edit Name A pop up window appears on the screen Usethe E DO E to change the file Insert Char and Delete Char keys an name To confirm your choice press Enter Enter Press this softkey to accept your edited file name as a new name m Insert Char Press this softkey to insert an additional character The character is inserted prior to the one which is currently highlighted A maximum of 12 characters can be used m Delete Char Press this softkey to delete the character which is currently highlighted The minimum number of characters allowed is 1 m Cancel Press this softkey to revert back to the original file name ignoring your editing Done Press this softkey to retur
119. ure This code is based on the ISO international country code standard and is used to designate the specific country of manufacture for the individual product The same product number could be manufactured in two different countries In this case the individual product serial numbers would reflect different country of manufacture codes The prefix also consists of four numbers This is a code identifying the date of the last major design change e Thesuffix indicates an alpha numeric code which is used to ensure unique identification of each product throughout Hewlett Packard SERIAL NUMBER A PREFIX SUFFIX 2 a Soe SER UK12345678 OPT CJ HEWLETT PACKARD b MADE IN UK J HP EPM 442A User s Guide 2 59 Power Meter Operation Contacting Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Offices If you need technical assistance with a Hewlett Packard test and measurement product or application please contact the Hewlett Packard office or distributor in your country Asia Pacific Hong Kong 852 2599 7889 India 91 11 647 2311 J apan Hewlett Packard J apan Ltd Measurement Assistance Center 9 1 Takakura Cho Hachigji Shi Tokyo 192 J apan Tel 81 426 56 7832 Fax 81 426 56 7840 Korea 82 2 769 0800 Malaysia 60 3 291 0213 Philippines 63 2 894 1451 PRC 86 10 6505 0149 Singapore 1800 292 8100 Taiwan 886 3 492 9666 Thailand 66 2 661 3900 For countries in Asia P
120. wait window 1 12 warm up 5 2 warning v warning window 1 12 warranty iii watt selecting units 2 22 weight of instrument 5 15 window selection 1 7 3 28 Z zero 2 3 drift definition 5 12 drift of sensors characteristic 5 7 Zero A key description 3 25 Zero B key description 3 25 Zero Both key description 3 25 zero set HP EPM 442A User s Guide Index 5 definition 5 12 specification 5 4 Zero Cal key description 3 25 menu map 3 9 Index 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide
121. window or in a pop up window when such an event occurs A pop up window is displayed for approximately two seconds The text in the pop up window gives details of the warning type This symbol may also appear on a measurement window for example to indicate that a power sensor is not connected Confirmation Window This pop up window is displayed when you are required to press Confirm to 2 LJ verify your previous selection For example prior to a preset being carried out Please Confirm Wait Symbol The wait symbol is displayed when the power meter is carrying out a procedure but no action is required from you The symbol may appear directly in the measurement window or in a pop up window It may appear for example during zeroing or calibration 1 12 HP EPM 442A User s Guide Getting Started Window Symbols 1 of N Entry Window This pop up window is displayed when you are required to select an entry using ic D and fromthe list Numeric or Alphanumeric Entry Window This pop up window is displayed when you are required to modify numeric or alphanumeric data The Li and keys move the position of the cursor The 4s and keys increment and decrement the alphanumeric digit on which the cursor is currently positioned Duty Cycle 4p 00 001 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 1 13 Getting Started The Rear Panel at a Glance The Rear Panel at a Glance 1 2 3 4 5 WARNING No OPE
122. wing languages English Language User s Guide Standard German Language User s Guide Option ABD Spanish Language User s Guide Option ABE French Language User s Guide Option ABF Italian Language User s Guide Option ABZ J apanese Language User s Guide Option ABJ HP EPM 441A 442A Programming Guideis shipped as standard HP EPM 441A 442A Service Guideis available by ordering Option 915 HP EPM 441A 442A CLIPs Component Location and Information Pack is available by ordering E 4418 90007 Useful information on SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments can be found in A Beginner s Guideto SCPI which is available by ordering HP Part Number 5010 7166 The SCPI reference manuals which are available from SCPI Consortium 8380 Hercules Drive Suite P3 La Mesa CA 91942 USA Telephone 619 697 4301 Fax 619 697 5955 HP EPM 442A User s Guide HP EPM 442A Options HP EPM 442A Options The HP EPM 442A power meters have the following options available Option 002 supplies parallel rear panel sensor input s The power reference oscillator output is on the front panel Option 003 supplies parallel rear panel sensor input s The power reference oscillator output is also on the rear panel Option 004 deletes the HP 11730A sensor cable s provided Option OBO deletes manual set Option 908 provides rackmount kit for one instrument Option 909 provides rackmount kit for two instru
123. with a protective earthing conductor in a power cord an external protective earthing terminal has also been provided This terminal is for use where the earthing cannot be assured At least an 18AWG earthing conductor should be used in such an instance to ground the instrument to an assured earth terminal Vi HP EPM 442A User s Guide General Safety Considerations IEC 1010 1 Compliance This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010 1 A1 1992 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition HP EPM 442A User s Guide Vil Regulatory Information Regulatory Information Sound Emission Herstellerbescheinigung Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der Maschinenlarminformationsverordnung vom 18 J anuar 1991 e Sound Pressure LpA lt 70 dB e Am Arbeitsplatz e Normaler Betrieb e Nach DIN 45635 T 19 Typprufung Manufacturers Declaration This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the German Sound DIN 45635 T 19 Typprufung e Sound Pressure LpA lt 70 dB e At operator position e Normal operation e According to ISO 7779 Type Test Australian EMC Regulations O
124. y the power meter at this point For example SYST LANG 15FETC Expression data not allowed A legal expression data was encountered but not allowed by the power meter at this point For example SYST LANG 5 2 Trigger ignored Indicates that lt GET gt or TRG Or TRIG IMM was received and recognized by the device but was ignored because the power meter was not in the wait for trigger state Init ignored Indicates that a request for a measurement initiation was ignored as the power meter was already initiated For example INIT CONT ON INIT 4 6 HP EPM 442A User s Guide 214 220 221 222 224 226 230 231 Error Messages Error Messages Trigger deadlock TRIG SOUR was set to HOLD or BUS and a READ Or MEASure was attempted expecting TRIG SOUR to beset to IMMediate Parameter error Frequency list must be in ascending order Indicates that the frequencies entered using the MEMory TABLe FREQuency Command are not in ascending order Settings conflict This command occurs under a variety of conflicting conditions The following list gives a few examples of where this error may occur elf the READ parameters do not match the current settings elf you are in fast mode and attempting to switch on for example averaging duty cycle or limits Trying to clear a sensor calibration table when none is selected Data out of range A numeric parameter value is outsid

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