Home

HP CommonIO Products User's Manual

1. Configure X 25 Address epeire jj Card Type X 25 Card Name x25_0 H W Path 96 Configuration Filename etc x25 x25config_0 X 25 Address 250205 Programmatic Access Name Network Carrier Type DATANET1 NOTE The SMH windows and dialogs shown on these pages are intended only as examples The information that appears in your SMH dialogs such as the Card Name and Programmatic Access Name depends on your particular communications hardware Step 2 Enter or modify the field values as required refer to the field descriptions below 32 Chapter 3 Table 3 1 Chapter 3 Field Descriptions Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Configuration File name Name of the file that will contain the parameters for configuring the interface a physical port If you are configuring more than one interface specify a unique configuration file for each interface The configuration file must be named x25config_npx where n represents the communications card number use O for the first card increasing the value by 1 for each additional card up to 255 p is a p
2. 127 R25MIDStats A tale Weald a aad 128 6 PAD Services Introduction a sate A A a ine wala OAR Mal Mate noes 130 CCITT Recommendations 0 ccc ee teen eees 130 PAD services and the HP 9000 host 0 cece teen 131 Remote PAD Support x29server o 132 OVETVIEW AN 132 Call Acceptance Mechanism and System Security 0 0 0 eee eee 133 Supported Remote PAD Terminals 0 00 cc cece eee teens 135 Configuring Remote PAD Support eee eens 135 Configuring pad_spt Parameters 0 0 0c ccc eee eens 135 pad spt Parameters uni ta 136 Launching Applications Automatically o o ooooooooomoooorrr 138 Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd 0 0 0 0c ccc ee 139 OVETVIEW fuerte aee ENa aaant iaa a an a least eons u naa Ge a ia a e a 139 System Requirements 140 Configuring Remote PAD Printers 0 000s 141 Configuring the UNIX Line printer Spooler for x29printd 143 Examples 53h as Gig Pd gd A a is des 144 x29printd and lpsched Operation 0 0 ooo 144 Printer Configuration 144 Verifying the Configuration 145 UUCP Support 529 upd aaa 146 OVEIVICW chin Bet eh ie Bonne Bee ah Sins A anaes aad eh Sian BCA a ek hia Beate ee 146 Configuring UUCP PAD Support 147 Configuring the x29hosts file 0 eee enna 148 Contents pad uuUCcpP ara meters iu a A i a Se ES 148 Configuring System and Device
3. Table 6 3 Value Meaning 0 No data forwarding character 1 Alphanumerics 2 Carriage Return only This is the default 4 ESC BEL ENQ and ACK only 8 DEL CAN and DC2 only 166 Chapter 6 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Table 6 3 Continued 16 ETX and EOT only 32 HT LT VT FF only 64 NUL SOH STX BS LF CR SO SI DLE DC1 DC3 DC4 NAK SYN ETB EM SUB FS GS RS and US all other characters in the first two columns of the International Alphabet 5 126 All characters except alphanumerics 127 All characters are data forwarding NOTE The values listed for parameter 3 may be combined by specifying the sum of the values For example specifying 10 is the same as specifying 2 and 8 Table 6 4 X 3 Parameter Description 4 Idle Timer Specifies a timer duration interval in units of 1 20 of a second If the time between characters entered at the terminal exceeds the specified timer value the packet being assembled by the PAD is automatically transmitted The range is 0 through 255 If 0 is specified there is no idle timer and packets will never be transmitted due to a time out 5 Anc Device Control The ancillary device control parameter permits flow control toward the terminal by the PAD The PAD indicates its readiness to receive characters from the terminal by transmitting X ON DC1 or X OFF DC3 to the ter
4. 4 37 Table 3 4 IP Address and Default Subnet MaskS oooooooooo momo 37 Table 3 5 Modify IP over X 25 Defaults Field Descriptions 39 Table 3 6 Verify Level 3 Values Field Descriptions 0 0 0 0 oo 40 Table 3 7 Switched VC Flow Control Field Descriptions 42 Table 3 8 Permanent VC Flow Control Field Descriptions 42 Table 3 9 Modify Throughput Class Settings Field Descriptions 43 Table 3 10 Throughput Classes and Line SpeedS o o oooooooo ee eee 44 Table 3 11 Verify Level 2 Values Field DescriptioNS oooooooooooooo 46 Table 3 12 Add Internet Connectivity Field Descriptions 50 Table 3 13 Provide X 25 Information Field Descriptions 52 Table 3 14 Additional XOL specific configuration parameters 55 Table 4 1 Terms used in this section 0 0 0 ccc eens 99 Table 4 2 Three Possible Critical Resource Analysis CRA Outcomes 104 Table 4 3 Three Possible Critical Resource Analysis CRA Outcomes 108 Table 5 1 Available Diagnostic Utilities 0 0 0 00 112 Table 5 2 Level 3 State ws cocaina Pew Se es ge ean ee aed 120 Table 5 3 Level 2 Link State eee E ES 121 Table 5 4 Level 1 Link State o eens 122 Table 5 5 Statistics for WAN Output 122 Table 5 6 VC State iaa a aaa 123
5. 24 56 00s cursa CRA Ee acne ada e is tye 192 Table Fall ds o Sel ali wl AA el le LIN Dh Shen sen Re tol 193 Table 8 1 Troubleshooting Commands 0 cee teen eens 198 Table A 1 French TRANSPAC Subscription Form ooooooooooo o 220 Table A 2 Using Your ITAPAC Italian Subscription Form 221 Table A 3 Using your DATEX P German Subscription Form 222 Table A 4 Using your IBERPAC Spanish Subscription Form 222 Table B 1 etc x25 directory 2 0 0 eee nee eens 226 Table B 2 6t Girectory gt ua og ice soso A ose 8 BE AE a gs We 226 Table B 3 var x25 log x25server directory 0 cee eee ee eee 227 Table B 4 var x25 log directory 1 0 0 0 ccc eee eee eens 227 Table B b Home director Venson kc Se Bio lo eh We ila BE ee Pa ele BAe By 227 Table Briana dae Ml ae ue de Oi hohe ds Gok wh eee adie 228 Table Bat A F lt Gis AA WA ane base AI She Dh G 231 Table Bgo icnste es ei gs wa aod A eee aM a tg Shag Soa oe els 236 Table BO li Sa WEA eae hn Pht sk eA nie en Le eS 238 Table C 1 No Additional Information 0 0 00 ccc ee eee 244 Table C 2 Packet Type Invalid 0 0 ce nee eens 244 Table C 3 Packet Not Allowed 0 00 0 245 10 Tables Table C4 Timer Expired oscri o A io 246 Table C 5 Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem 247 Table C 6 CATEGORY Miscellaneous 0 0 0 ee eae 251
6. X 25 level 2 pri 1 Link Up Down mod 201 pri 2 Link reset events LINK Rst pri 3 Frame Reject Reject FRMR In Out REJ In Out pri 4 Busy conditions LINK Bsy IP over X 25 pri O IP over X 25 fatal error call your HP mod 208 representative pri 1 IP over X 25 error check configuration or addresses pri 2 IP over X 25 warning unexpected event pri 3 IP over X 25 info IP over X 25 Up Down pri 4 IP over X 25 trace internal procedures tracing pri 5 IP over X 25 Data datagram tracing a pri Logging priority level Priorities 4 and 5 for IP over X 25 can only be used if IP over X 25 has been started with the ifconfig debug option set 190 Chapter 7 Table 7 8 Table 7 9 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace The following table describes the parameters displayed for the various packet types at level 3 Packet Type Parameters Displayed CALL In Out lci number gfi number CAA lci number gfi number CLR In Out lci number cause diagnostic CLC lci number RST In Out lci number cause diagnostic RSC Reset Conf lci number REST In Out cause diagnostic RESTC no parameter displayed INT In Out lci number INTC lci number DATA lci number N R N S The following table describes the parameters displayed for the various frame types at level 2 Frame Type Param
7. receive overruns Shows often received octets were overwritten because they were not processed by the card received frames with no buffer No message available in level 1 to copy received data to received frames with no flow control Never used receive buffer overflows Count of too long frames received receive aborts Count of frames that have been aborted Example 6 Displaying Virtual Circuit Status x25stat v d x25_0 PER VC STATISTICS FOR X25 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat LCI Type VC State Subnetwork Local address Remote Address 040 SVC 2way Datatransfer 0 110 202 Note that the LCI number given in this example output is displayed in hexadecimal not decimal Example 7 Displaying Current IP to X 25 Address Mapping x25stat a IP Address PktszWindow VCs CUG SUB REV BAR REV X25 Address 192 25 0 12 1 1 y n 0 250107 192 20 00 2 2 1 1 GOO11 y n 0 250112 1925297032 1 il 5 y n 0 250208 Some of the fields in the example above are e cuG An example Call User Group would be 60011 which means group ll e SUB REV Subscribe to Reverse charges y yes n no e BAR REV Stop Reverse charges y stop n don t stop Chapter 5 127 Diagnostic Utilities x25mibstat Table 5 8 128 x25mibstat This is a programmatic application that can be used to display statistics for X 25 sub systems Refer to the x25mibstat
8. e x29uucpd for PAD UUCP connectivity A daemon process that allows HP 9000 computers to originate UNIX to UNIX copy services over an X 25 Switched Virtual Circuit SVC e padem for local PAD emulation A user command that allows a local HP 9000 system to emulate both a terminal and a PAD for connection with remote systems over a PSN CCITT Recommendations X 25 9000 PAD Services are compliant with the X 25 X 28 X 29 and X 3 CCITT Recommendations of 1984 Recommendation X 28 defines the exchange of messages between PAD terminals and the PAD A superset of the commands defined by this protocol are performed by padem Chapter 6 Figure 6 1 Chapter 6 PAD Services Introduction Recommendation X 29 is the protocol for the exchange of messages between the host and PADs Recommendation X 3 defines a set of parameters that control PAD operation The following illustration shows the relationship between each of these recommendations PAD Support Protocols HOST Packet Switching X 25 X 25 gt X 28 X 3 lt gt PAD services and the HP 9000 host All of the PAD services can be seen as a pipe through which data is passed from X 25 to the PTY Pseudo Type terminal and vice versa see the illustration below Terminal data is not modified but the X 25 headers are stripped before data reaches the PTY 131 PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server Figure 6 2 PA
9. 9 Number of CR Padding Chars Specifies the number of buffer characters to be added following a carriage return This is used for hard copy terminals to allow time for the carriage to return to the left side of the page The range is 0 through 7 10 Chars per Specifies the number of printing characters to be Line Wrap transmitted before the PAD inserts a carriage Around return in the data stream This parameter is not needed on terminals with auto wrap around The range is 0 through 255 11 Baud This parameter specifies the terminal access speed Baud rate x29server does not allow users to change the Baud rate It defaults to the terminal Baud rate which is usually 9600 The possible values and their associated Baud rates are listed below Value Baud Rate 0 110 1 134 5 2 300 3 1200 4 600 5 75 169 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Table 6 7 Continued 6 150 7 1800 8 200 9 100 10 50 11 75 from terminal 1200 to terminal 12 2400 13 4800 14 9600 15 19200 16 48000 17 56000 18 64000 Table 6 8 X 3 Parameter Description 12 Flow Control Specifies whether the terminal can control the flow of data from the PAD to the terminal 0 indicates no flow control by the terminal and 1 indicates that flow control by the terminal may be used 13 Line Feed Specifies whether the PAD inser
10. Figure 8 1 Flowchart 1 C Start gt Y Run x25stat X 25 not initialized Level 2 down Statistics dispayed Go to Flowchart 2 Go to Flowchart 3 Go to Flowchart 4 200 Flowchart 2 Procedures and Notes Use these procedures to verify that your X 25 link is correctly initialized Read the following notes before carrying out the initialization check procedures in Flowchart 2 Note 2 1 x25stat Level 2 is down if x25stat d device f returns a level 2 link state other than normal Note 2 2 eisa_config Sometimes x25init does not recognize the dual port EISA interface J2815A after a first time installation When you reboot your system after installing the dual port EISA interface you may receive a message similar to Device dev x25_0p1 is not configured in the kernel Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link If this problem occurs you can work around it by running the eisa_config utility in interactive mode as shown below Step 1 At the EISA prompt type add HWP19A0 CGF lt slot number gt where lt slot number gt is the number of the EISA slot in which the interface card is installed Step 2 Then type Save quit Step 3 Reboot your system Chapter 8 201 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Figure 8 2 Flowchart 2 Initialization Check Use SMH to configure and enable X 25 interfac
11. This section describes how to configure the local and remote failover features for X 25 over LLC2 XOL interface It also describes the local remote and a combination of local and remote failover The failover is not transparent and results in loss of data and existing connections After a failover the XOL connections must be re established Unique MAC Address Requirement XOL High Availability XOL HA is based on sharing a unique MAC address for the primary and standby LAN cards whichever is active The use of a unique MAC address makes the card swap transparent from the XOL router side or peer system which sees the same MAC address associated with the active interface To avoid MAC address collision the system administrator must identify an unused unique MAC address in their LAN subnet The lanadmin command is used to change the MAC address of the card After failover the failed LAN card is reconfigured with its factory default MAC address XOL is not supported over APA Auto Port Aggregation Before you run the lanadmin command to set up the unique MAC address you may test whether the MAC address chosen by you is selected by running the 1inkloop command For more information see linkloop 1m The uniqueness of the MAC address is verified on the LAN cards currently active in the LAN segment The linkloop command sends an OK message if the MAC address is already in use 81 Configuration Configuring the High Availability
12. If the x3config file does not have a definition for a particular device the defaults listed in the next section are used See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example of the x3config file X 3 Parameter Descriptions The following pages contain a description of X 3 parameters 1 through 22 The default X 3 parameters vary for each PAD service Chapter 6 165 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions NOTE Parameters 1 to 18 are available for networks using either the 1980 or 1984 standard Parameters 19 through 22 only apply to the 1984 standard Table 6 2 X 3 Parameter Descriptions X 3 Parameter Description 1 ESC Data Specifies whether or not the terminal user will be Transfer allowed to escape from data transfer mode in order to send PAD command signals 0 indicates escape is not allowed 1 permits escape from data transfer mode with Ctrl P 32 to 126 permits escape from data transfer mode with the defined character 2 Echo Specifies whether or not the PAD echoes to the local terminal all the characters received from that device 1 turns echoing on 0 turns echoing off 3 Data Fwd Specifies one of the defined sets of characters for Signal 1 use as a data forwarding signal When one of the characters in the set is received from the terminal the PAD terminates the assembly of a packet and forwards it to the remote host The possible values are listed below
13. Select Exit from the List menu to return to the X 25 PAD Services dialog If you enabled Reverse Charge Requested you must also configure the PAD support server See Add Modify PAD Support Server Remote to Local for step by step instructions for configuring the PAD support server Select the next PAD service you need to configure from the list on the X 25 PAD Services dialog Add Modify PAD Support Server Remote to Local Follow the steps below to add or modify a PAD support server for a local terminal or system At the SMH main window highlight Networking and Communications and select Open Item from the Actions menu At the Networking and Communications window highlight X 25 PAD Services and select Open Item from the Actions menu Highlight Support Server and select Open Item from the Actions menu SMH displays an object list that shows all terminals systems currently configured for access via X 25 Select Add from the Actions menu to configure a terminal system that is not listed for access via X 25 or highlight a terminal system from the list and select Modi f y Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Configuration Configuring PAD Services Enter or modify field values as required Click on Apply to apply the new settings and to add additional PAD support servers Click on OK
14. reception of bill s banner MGeneric Sys generic HP Release A B9 04 J M J Mlogin got it sendthem uucp M enter ub_sst status is 0 Rmtname bill imsg gt M M Jlogin M M Jlogin M M M Jlogin M Jlogin uucp M M JPlease wait checking for disk quotas M J PShere bill Login Successful System bill 154 Chapter 6 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd imsg gt PROK msg ROK Rmtname bill Role MASTER Ifn 6 Loginuser root rmesg P imsg gt PPgfdx got Pgfdx wmesg U f Proto started f the f protocol for UUCP is selected FER TOP FER role 1 setline X gtwvec dir var spool uucp bill wmesg H got HY H enter frdmsg HY PROCESS msg HY HOP wmesg H Y entrel 0 send 00 0 imsg gt HY M POOOOOO exit code 0 Conversation Complete Status SUCCEEDED If you receive an error such as RETRY TIME NOT REACHED you can delete the status file as follows dave rm var spool uucp Status bill If you receive the message SUCCEEDED your uucp X 25 connection is operating correctly Step 15 Test file transfers using dave uucp r tmp filename bill tmp filename where you re transferring a file from dave to bill and the r option puts the request in the queue To launch the file transfer correctly now use dave usr lib uucp uucico r1 x9 sbill This completes the testing procedure Chapter 6 155 PAD
15. 1 man pages for instructions on using this utility Some examples of x25mibstat statistics are provided in the following table Example Statistics for x25mibstat Statistic x25mibstat Option Remark VC open s Time duration in seconds duration x25CircuitEntry Time duration of IP s mioxPeerEntry connection Number of open SVCs per X 25 s x25StatEntry According to VC type that is inbound outbound or connection 2 way Clear s x25statEntry About clear initiator information s mioxPleEntry About refused calls Clear s lapbFlowEntry Number of LAPD B state information changes Chapter 5 6 Chapter 6 PAD Services 129 PAD Services Introduction NOTE 130 Introduction This section describes X 25 9000 PAD Packet Assembler Disassembler Services which enable HP 9000 computers to connect and communicate with remote systems over a Packet Switching Network PSN Refer to Configuring PAD Services in Chapter 3 for information on configuring PAD Services with SMH PAD Services include the following commands and functions e x29server for PAD support for remote terminals A daemon process that allows a local HP 9000 system to function as a host for real or emulated terminals attached to a remote PAD e x29printd for remote PAD printer support A daemon process that allows local HP 9000 computers to print at printers attached to a remote PAD
16. FORMATTER FILTER time_from 10 55 00 7 16 94 FORMATTER FILTER time_through 10 58 00 7 16 94 Filters data only on lci numbers 1 3 4 5 SX25L3 lci 1 3 5 SX25L3 packet data After you have created the filter file check its syntax with netfmt p c filter file and then run netfmt v c tmp filter f tmp tracex25 TRCO more 186 Chapter 7 NOTE Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace strace The strace command collects logging event messages from X 25 level 3 and X 25 level 2 STREAMS modules and writes them to standard output strace runs until terminated by the user See the man pages for strace 1 for a more detailed description Running strace with several sets of arguments can impair STREAMS performance Also some messages may be lost if too many are logged at one time HP recommends that you run strace as a background process with output directed to a file Only one process can run the STREAMS log driver at a time Syntax strace mod sub pri Parameters mod Specifies the STREAMS module identifier for e X 25 level 3 mod should have a value of 200 e X 25 level 2 mod should have a value of 201 e X 25 level 1 mod should have a value of 210 e IP over X 25 mod should have a value of 208 e BSD over X 25 mod should have a value of 2503 sub X 25 subnetwork identifier Use a11 the first time to get subnetwork identifiers afterwards you can enter the identifier for a specific subnetwo
17. Fast Select is DISABLED Flowcontrol Neg is OFF Reverse Charging is DISABLED 118 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Example 2 Displaying Global Statistics See the tables provided after this example under the headings SUBNETWORK STATISTICS FOR X25 and STATISTICS FOR LAPP for help in interpreting the displayed State of the X 25 link x25stat d x25_0 or x25stat g d x25_0 SUBNETWORK STATISTICS FOR X25 Subnetwork ID 0 state s type TX RX Connected and resolved DXE Packet Restart Request Restart Confirm Calls out in Rese Reset Packets Bytes Calls Accepts Request Confirm total total 384 STATISTICS Subnetwork Link mode Link state FOR LAPB 0 LC_LAPBDTE NORMAL FRAMES TX_CMD Supervisory RR 22 2d 0 RNR REJ Unumbered SABM DISC DM UA FRMR Information oo oo Oo oprooo O OO E Chapter 5 119 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Other Bad length Unknown Erroneous Discarded Ignored 0 Retransmitted 0 Or GO O 0 Timers TL 0 T4 0 T4 N2 times 0 STATISTICS FOR WAN Subnetwork Link State HDLC_ESTB WAN 83 good frames transmitted 87 good frames received 0 transmit underruns 0 receive overruns O CRC frame errors received O received frames with no buffer 0 received frames with no flow control O receive buffer overflows The level 3 State under the head
18. Spanish Subscription Form English on SMH dialogs Spanish on subscription form X 25 Address NRI N mero Red IBERPAC Network Carrier Type Tipo de Red IBERPAC Appendix A Table A 4 Appendix A Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations Using your IBERPAC Spanish Subscription Form Continued Permanent Quantity Canales L gicos Permanentes cantidad Switched inbound Quantity Canales L gicos Unidireccionales Entrante cantidads Switched two way Quantity Canales L gicos Bidireccionales cantidad Switched outbound Quantity Canales L gicos Unidireccionales Salientes cantidad Fast Accept Selected Selecci n R pida Flow Control Negotiation Negociaci n del Control de Flujo Reverse Charge Accepted Cobro Revertido Default Packet Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Tama o de Paquete por defecto entrante y saliente control de flujo en CV conmutados Default Window Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Tama o de Ventana por defecto entrante y saliente control de flujo en CV conmutados Packet Size Permanent VC Flow Control Tama o de Paquete control de flujo en CV permanentes Switched VC Default Inbound amp Outbound Modify Throughput Class Setting CV conmutados por defecto entrantes y salientes Negociaci
19. Starting Execute the following commands at the command prompt x25init c x25_box_0_host L 11c2_lan 1 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands x25stop d lanl L 0 stop XOL interface with logical port id 0 on lanl 64 To Connect Box 1 to HOST To implement the above configuration the following configuration files need to be created on the BOX 1 e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_box_1_host e LLC2 configuration file 1lc2_lan_2 The generic X25 configuration file has to be created in the etc x25 directory using the example configuration file etc x25 x25init_11c2_smpl The file x25_box_1_host must contain all the mandatory level 2 and level 3 parameters Along with them it must contain the following entries Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 device lan2 XOL_logical_port_id 0 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009DBEA7 XOL_DSAP 0x7E XOL_SSAP 0x7E The LLC2 specific configuration file llc2_lan_2 is created in the etc x25 directory with the following entries lan2 1 To start and stop above configuration Starting Execute the following commands at the command prompt x25init c x25_box_1_host L 11c2_lan_2 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands x25stop d lan2 L 0 stop XOL interface with logical port id 0 on lan2 Configuring Two Lans with One Box Per Lan A graphical representation of the above configuration with some
20. Table C 7 International Problem and Maintenance oooooooooo ooo 251 Table C 8 DTE Specific Signals ooo 251 Table C 9 OSI Network Service ProbleM ooooooooooooo ooo 253 Table C 10 Higher Level Initiated 0 0 0 ccc nee eens 254 11 Tables 12 Figures Figure 1 1 X 25 Link Architecture ooooooooooororrrrrorr 17 Figure IL BO A A A A A ORE i 32 FISULO SL A A NES a aon dene AS A AAA ES E E SRE 34 Figure 3 3 Configure Internet Address 0 0 0 cece eet teens 36 Figure 3 4 Modify IP Over X 25 Defaults 0 0 0 cece ee 38 Figure 3 5 Verify Level 3 Values 2 0 ccc eee ene 40 Figure dOr 2 pee ke a Re aes he Si is wh a eh Be 41 Figure 32 A a A A A aaa 43 Figure 3 8 ui A Bas A e E a a ise ad 45 Figure 3 9 Add Internet Connectivity Dialog oo ooo ooo 49 Figure A O RN 51 Figure 3 11 One LAN Two Boxes Configuration o ooo o o 62 Figure 3 12 Two Lans One Box per Lan configuration o oooo o 66 Figure 3 13 Before the Failover o 83 Figure 3 14 After the Failover ooooooooooorororororor rra 84 Figure 3 15 Before the Failover ooo 87 Figure 3 16 After the Failover 0 0 0 0 88 Figure 5 1 Scope of X 25 Diagnostic Utilities 0 0 0020 113 Figure 6 1 PAD Support ProtocolS o ooooooo ooo ooo 131 F
21. etc x25 x29hosts file pad_spt remote_x121 dave s X 121 address or x for all addresses logging 3 x3 hp _padsrvr Refer to Configuring the x29hosts file earlier in this section for the definitions of these parameters Launch the x29server process with usr sbin x29server 13 for example Verify the contents of etc passwd this file is linked with dave s Systems file which should look like this uucp 5 3 var spool uucppublic usr lib uucp uucico At the terminal prompt assign the password test to the uucp user bill passwd uucp Add the following lines to the usr lib uucp Permissions file LOGNAME uucp SENDFILES yes REQUEST yes CALLBACKI no Chapter 6 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd READ WRITE COMMANDS ALL where the LOGNAME parameter creates a link with dave s Systems file Step 11 Test the X 25 connection using bill x25server dave x25check bill s X 121 address If successful you will receive the message Remote connection succeeded Step 12 Test the files x29hosts x3config at bill using dave padem bill s X 121 address If successful you will receive the login message and you will be able to enter your details Step 13 Test the files x29hosts x3config Systems Devices at dave using dave cu d9 bill If successful you will receive an output something like Autodialing please wait call dial 1761259328 baud 1
22. for any call request packets sent to this device Strings of 12 characters or less are permitted Optional This is a the Call User Group CUG number a positive value between 0 and 99 embedded in the call request packet sent to this device Optional default 1 Specifies the logging level for each UUCP connection to this device The log file is var x25 log x29uucpd device_name child pid Logging levels for this UUCP device are 0 1 2 or 3 where 0 No logging no log file is created 1 Error logging 2 Error and warning logging 3 Error warning information and status logging for troubleshooting HP recommends using log level 0 no logging for normal operation reverse_charge Optional default is disable Specifies the reverse Chapter 6 charge option for call setup at this address Possible settings are disabled or disable and enabled or enable When reverse charge is enabled x29uucpd sends out call request packets with reverse charge requested 149 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd NOTE 150 Step 1 Step 2 x3 Optional This is the X 3 configuration set name for UUCP file transfers If this entry is used in etc x25 x29hosts the configuration set name with its set of X 3 parameters must be specified in etc x25 x3config All legal X 3 parameters contained in the x3config file are downloaded at connection time If there is more than one X 3 configuration s
23. s Devices file f is the file transfer protocol HP recommends using f rather than g for better performance 19200 is the transfer rate it must be set at the same speed as that specified in the dave s Devices file Y r d r d r login BREAK login uucp word test is login information declaring uucp as the user for uucp and uucico processes with the password test The password creates a link to the entry in the etc passwd file of bill Make sure that the following entry appears in the usr lib uucp Devices file dev_bill x29 bi11 19200 direct x29 bi11 has a maximum of 14 characters The x29 bi11 entry creates a link with the pad_uucp entry in the x29hosts file Add the following lines to the usr 1ib uucp Permissions file MACHINE bi11 SENDFILES yes REQUEST yes CALLBACK no READ WRITE COMMANDS ALL You can verify current permissions with the uucheck v command Create the following entry in the etc x25 x29hosts file 151 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd 152 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Step 10 pad_uucp device bill name interface0 remote _x121 bill s X 121 address logging 3 x3 default_x3 Refer to Configuring the x29hosts file earlier in this section for the definitions of these parameters Launch usr sbin x29uucpd at the HP UX command prompt At the bill system Make the following modifications to the pad_spt section of
24. to resources other resources message halt the operation identified that are in use describing Cancel with no change to with nodetectable these the system alternates For resources TEA these resources Click OK to you can cancel or continue operations continue the based on your operation based knowledge of the information being on your knowledge of the reported current system configuration SMH displays a dialog indicating that the selected slot has power disabled and it is now safe to add the card to the desired slot Step 9 At this point the amber LED is activated and the green LED is off Now add the new PCI card Refer to the system manual for the insertion of the PCI card Chapter 4 NOTE Step 10 NOTE Chapter 4 Step 11 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH Do not connect the cables to the card at this point Once you have inserted the new card return to the console and click OK on the dialog assuming there is one At this point SMH will a return power to the card slot and enable power to the Green LED b attach drivers by running ioscan on the new hardware c update the list of cards and slots on the system shown in the I O cards area At this point the OLA is complete Note that in some cases additional configuration in another area of SMH may also be required A network interface card for example might require netw
25. 2 with priority levels 1 and 2 use strace 200 all 3 201 all 2 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace Examples of strace Output The command strace 200 48 all gives the following output 324112 14 59 16 33683766 1 200 48 CALL Out 30 lci 400 gfi 1 324115 14 59 16 33683776 1 200 48 CAA In 30 lei 400 gfi 1 324116 14 59 16 33683776 6 200 48 DATA Out 30 lci 400 ns nr 0000 324119 14 59 16 33683778 6 200 48 DATA In 30 lci 400 ns nr 0001 324124 14 59 16 33683781 2 200 48 CLR Out 30 lci 400 C D 00f2 324127 14 59 16 33683782 2 200 48 CLC In 30 lci 400 Column labels to help you interpret the output are shown in the following table Table 7 11 se time tics pri ind mod sub data 324112 14 59 16 33683766 1 sts 200 48 CALL Out The command strace 200 49 all gives the following output 324191 14 59 59 33688076 1 200 49 CALL In 31 lci 400 gfi 1 324192 14 59 59 33688086 1 200 49 CAA Out 31 lci 400 gfi 1 324195 14 59 59 33688087 6 200 49 DATA In 31 lci 400 ns nr 0000 324196 14 59 59 33688087 6 200 49 DATA Out 31 lci 400 ns nr 0001 Chapter 7 193 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace 324203 14 59 59 33688091 2 200 49 CLR In 31 lci 400 C D 00f2 324204 14 59 59 33688091 2 200 49 CLC Out 31 1ci 400 The command strace 201 48 all gives the following output 324790 15 06 17
26. 21 X 21bis and V 35 interfaces depending on your particular communications hardware These sets of recommendations define the standards for X 25 at the physical level and apply specifically to connections to a packet switching network X 21bis equivalent to V 24 and RS 232 is applicable to X 25 physical interfaces with transmission speeds up to 64 kb s V 35 RS 449 X 21 and RS 530 supports transmission speeds up to 2 Mb s Other standards may also be supported as they become available 21 About the X 25 Product Data link L2 and Physical L1 Levels 22 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Installation Installation Before You Install the Software NOTE 24 Before You Install the Software Before installing the X 25 link software check the requirements below to make sure that all required software and hardware has been correctly installed and configured This product is only supported on the system that is acting as a server It is not supported on client systems Hardware Requirements This section describes the hardware requirements of the J2793B X 25 software for HP 9000 server systems If you have not already done so install the X 25 interface card as described in the hardware installation guide for your X 25 product If you are installing multiple X 25 cards check the requirements in Installing Multiple X 25 Interface Cards below If a modem connection is required connect the X 25 card to the modem o
27. 33725841 1 201 48 LINK Up 30 The command strace 201 49 all gives the following output 324893 15 07 18 33731984 1 201 49 LINK Dwn 31 Remote NOTE The last example indicates a remote disconnection 30 and 31 in the examples above are the hexadecimal code for subnetworks 48 and 49 decimal respectively 194 Chapter 7 NOTE Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strerr strerr Receives error messages from the STREAMS log driver The strerr daemon receives error messages from the STREAMS log driver see the man pages for strlog 7 By default additions to the STREAMS error log files error dd mm are in the STREAMS error log directory usr adm streams When first called strerr creates the log file error mm dd This is a daily log file where mmindicates the month and ddindicates the day of the logged messages strerr then appends error messages to the log file as they are received from the STREAMS log driver strerr should always be used as a background process as it does not return the prompt to the user the only way to stop it is to kill the process Refer to the man pages for strerr 1 for a detailed description of the output format Syntax strerr a sys_admin_mail_name d log_directory Parameters a sys_admin _mail_name Specifies the name of the user who will receive error message by electronic mail d log_directory Specifies the directory that wi
28. Feature for X 25 over LLC2 NOTE The routing table of the router connected to the host system must be updated with the unique MAC address identified by the user Ifthe XOL router supports the Hunt Group facility for XOL HA the unique MAC address may not be required to achieve the HA functionality for XOL interface For more information on Hunt Group facility see Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 on page 81 WARNING When several highly available XOL interfaces are configured on a given LAN card failover of all the highly available XOL interfaces to the standby LAN card occurs immediately after one XOL interface fails This is because the same unique MAC address is used by all XOL interfaces on the given LAN card Local Failover NOTE You need not install ServiceGuard for Local failover For local failover to happen you must define a standby LAN card in the X 25 configuration file The primary X 25 configuration file is used to configure the XOL interface on the standby LAN card after the local failover As a result the standby LAN card inherits all the configuration parameters from the primary interface including the XOL logical port id also called box id The XOL interface starts first on the primary LAN card If this XOL interface fails an attempt is made to restart it on the standby LAN card If the XOL interface fails on the standby LAN card an attempt is made to failover back to th
29. Flow Control Negotiation the Default Packet Size and Default Window Size values will be used Chapter 3 41 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Table 3 7 Table 3 8 42 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below Switched VC Flow Control Field Descriptions Default Packet Maximum packet size to be used over an SVC Size Inbound amp The range is 16 through 4096 octets The default Outbound is 128 for inbound and outbound packets Use the value given on your subscription form Default Window Maximum number of default packets that can be Size Inbound amp transmitted without acknowledgment over an Outbound SVC The range is 1 through 7 for Modulo 8 and 1 through 127 for Modulo 128 We recommend a value greater than 7 for Modulo 128 The default is 2 for inbound and outbound transmission Use the value given on your subscription form Negotiated Maximum packet size to be used over an SVC Packet Size The range is 16 through 4096 octets The default Inbound amp is 128 for inbound and outbound packets Outbound Negotiated Maximum number of default packets that can be Window Size transmitted without acknowledgment over an Inbound amp SVC The range is 1 through 7 for Modulo 8 and Outbound 1 through 127 for Modulo 128 We recommend a value greater than 7 for Modulo 128 The default is 2 for inbound and outbound transmission Permanent VC Flow Control Fiel
30. Installing Multiple X 25 Interface Cards 0 0 c ccc eens 24 Hardware Compatibility o 24 OS Platform and Version Compatibility o oooooooooooo 25 Memory A A o a ROR 25 Software Requirements e ccc eee eee n nes 27 Installing the X 25 Link Softwate o 28 3 Configuration Corifiguring the X25 Tank eers ine eaaa aA td 30 Wein M Hey si cole an airs a fee BNE ON E at E EA 30 Using SMH s On line Help 2 eens 31 Configuring an X 25 Address ooo 31 Configuring X 25 Virtual Circuits VCs 1 1 0 2 cee eens 34 Configuring an Internet Address nunnu cc ccc cece eee o 35 Verifying Level 3 Values 0 eee eee teen eens 39 Verifying Level 2 Valdes ol Vee pee eo ae a eo ag dee OE 44 Configuring Remote System Access 0 00 ccc eee eens 48 Configuring X 25 over LLC2 eee eee es 54 Configuration Files und dt a de ada ide 54 Starting and Stopping Configuration 0 0 cee eee eee 60 Sample setup and Configuration 61 One Lan and Two Boxes configuration 0c ccc cece ee eee eens 62 Configuring Two Lans with One Box Per Lan 0 0 0 eee ees 65 Troubleshooting LLC2 Configuration 00 00 ccc cee 69 Configuring PAD Services 71 Add Modify PAD Terminal Emulation Local to Remote o ooooo 71 Add Modify PAD Support Server Remote to Local o o oooooooooo 72 Add Modify PAD
31. Network Subscription Form for the correct settings for your configuration At the Configure X 25 Card window select Verify Level 2 Values The following dialog appears Verify Level 2 Values hpatm 159 Level 2 Modulo Window Size Modulo 8 k Level 2 Window Size frames T1 Retransmission Timer ms T3 Idle Timer ms N1 Frame Size octets N2 Retransmission Count 20 Restore Defaults Cancel Help Select either Modulo 8 or Modulo 128 to set the Level 2 Modulo values The default is Modulo 8 The valid window size values for Modulo 8 range from 1 to 7 For Modulo 128 the valid window size values range from 1 to 127 45 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Step 2 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below Use the Help button to display information and instructions for each field Table 3 11 Verify Level 2 Values Field Descriptions k Level 2 Maximum number of frames that can be Window Size transmitted without an acknowledgment The range is 1 through 7 for Modulo 8 and 1 through 127 for Modulo 128 The default is 7 Use the value given on your subscription form T1 Maximum number of milliseconds to wait for an Retransmission acknowledgment before retransmitting a frame Timer The range is 100 to 12000 The default is 3000 Use the value given on your subscription form T3 Idle Timer Maximum number of m
32. Services Local PAD Emulation padem Figure 6 7 156 Packet Switching pr X 25 TTY or T N Remote Level Ill PTY System Local PAD Emulation padem The padem program provides local PAD emulation to enable a local terminal real or emulated to connect to a remote system over an X 25 PSN x29server handles the connection on the remote host side The remote system can be specified upon execution or with subsequent padem commands issued during operation see illustration below HP 9000 User Level The padem program operates in either command or data transfer mode The operating mode depends on whether an X 121 address or a symbolic address is specified when padem is launched Command Mode If the X 121 address or symbolic address of the remote host is not specified padem begins execution in command mode and prompts the user for commands with X28 gt the padem prompt In command mode padem receives X 28 PAD commands from users Any padem command can be entered at the prompt Once padem establishes an SVC with a remote host it switches to data transfer mode Chapter 6 PAD Services Local PAD Emulation padem Data Transfer Mode If the X 121 address or the symbolic address of the remote host is specified padem begins execution in data transfer mode In data transfer mode typed text is sent to the remote host and text received from the remote host is
33. Table 5 7 Statistics for WAN Output 126 Table 5 8 Example Statistics for x25mibstat ooooooooooo 128 Table 6L 100 ara colo A e ota a O o a a as ds eR 148 Table 6 2 X 3 Parameter Descriptions o ooo o 166 Table tii A A A 166 able Didi A EA AAA AAA A IRA 167 Table e A ii se legs 168 Table 6 5 ii A AA et E Ai ee es 168 Table Ord ias a a a ando ew ex 169 Table 6 8 442 A A A acts dhe ye ied Poked Pte 170 Pap le DD Ss date nse ted suse da Ges OH antes Waa aM eee Gas wee whe OO UA waa Se oe bras 170 Tables Table Gals diria Ls Boo o Bee ess a facts Bit Sh deed ard EA 171 Table A A E eB E E A R 172 A A E Bans OEG 172 VTAblE LE LS ES A ae SAA AA a es 172 Table CTA A A TAS A as 173 Table aa a A a es a My Be o UA La OY lls Ae Me cod 173 Table 6 16 2415 Ie e A o A AAA tddi 174 Table 7 1 Available Tracing and Logging Utilities 176 Table 7 2 Tracing Masks coa a a aia 179 Table 7 3 Filter File Opti0NS o eee eee ees 184 Table 7 4 Filter File family OptioNS o o ce eee eens 185 Table 7 5 Single port Subnet Interface Codes 0 ees 188 Table 7 6 Dual port Subnet Interface Codes 0 ccc ee eee 189 Table 7 7 Output Format 190 Table 28s ta Bee Ss Gitte daa a tence tele O a et ee ole ae Lada 191 Table it Bots Pa a Mtr Ate WAN ace Roe eas Sen A hen ea ods 191 Table 7 10 Output Format
34. Utilities nettl NOTE 178 nettl Use this command to create an X 25 trace file The description below is limited to the context of X 25 and assumes that nett1 is already operating on your system For more information and examples for this command refer to your man pages Before you can use the nett 1 command your X 25 connection must be operating launched with the x25init command Syntax nettl traceon kind kind entity subsystem subsystem file name card dev name size limit tracemax maxsize m bytes nettl traceoff entity subsystem subsystem nettl status info Parameters traceon tn Starts tracing on the specified subsystem s The traceon argument must be accompanied by the entity and card options The kind parameter mask must also be specified All operations on specified subsystems are recorded when there is a match to the kind mask tn kind The kind parameter defines the masks keywords with associated mask values used by the tracing facility before recording messages You can use any of the following keywords and mask values Chapter 7 Table 7 2 Tracing and Logging Utilities nettl Tracing Masks keyword mask hdrin 0x80000000 hdrout 0x40000000 pduin 0x20000000 pduout 0x10000000 NOTE Chapter 7 a Use hdrin or hdrout when you only want packet header information displayed Use pduin or pduout wh
35. X 25 terminal divers Kernel Level Ill Level lll Kernel drivers PTYs PTYs Chapter 6 Packet Switching Network When x29uucpd is executed it examines the etc x25 x29hosts file for all PAD devices that are configured for UUCP When x29uucpd receives a copy request it establishes an SVC with the remote host specified by the X 121 address and transfers the data If the remote host is an HP 9000 the x29server process monitors that system for incoming calls x29server and x29uucpd cooperate to handle all SVC requirements while the UUCP processes on each system perform the UUCP operations When the UUCP data transfer is complete the UUCP processes terminate x29server and x29uucpd then terminate the SVC connection Configuring UUCP PAD Support To configure PAD support for UUCP services the x29hosts file and other system and device files must contain the appropriate references and parameters This section provides information on configuring these files See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for examples of the x29hosts and x3config files 147 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd NOTE See the man pages for x29uucpd for full details on syntax and parameters Table 6 1 File Contents etc x25 x29hosts pad_uucp parameters for each remote host etc passwd uucp entry etc x25 x3config optional X 3 parameters usr lib uucp Systems remote s
36. a backup card and deletion of the target card Failover Actions Single Points of Failure In most cases the system will automatically fail over to the alternate resource when a card is suspended However some subsystems might require manual intervention For example the Logical Volume Manager LVM will automatically redirect I O for a temporarily disconnected disk resource to a mirror logging errors as it handles this situation e Along those lines if the resource will be suspended for an extended period of time a large number of error log entries could result e In this type of situation you may want to manually switch over to a mirror beforehand When you have completed the OLA R procedure the mirror and disk can be resynchronized If you suspend a card and the backup takes over the system can contain a single point of failure If the backup resource fails before the new card is on line the system could potentially crash This window of vulnerability can be minimized by keeping the period of suspension as short as possible This requires careful planning and gathering as much information as possible before actually suspending driver operation and powering down a card slot When an extended suspension period is unavoidable or when the system is mission critical it is desirable to configure a second backup resource if possible 102 Chapter 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Ca
37. access name 33 X 25 address 33 X 25 packet address 33 configuring x 25 link 30 CUG IP to X 121 mapping file 217 D DDN 215 default subnet masks 38 device file name 114 diagnostic messages 239 244 diagnostic utilities scope of 113 terminating 114 x25check command 115 x25server command 115 x25stat command 118 E error log files strerr command 195 event messages tracing 187 Exiting SAM 47 F failure power 208 files netrc 227 rhosts 227 device 114 hosts 226 hosts equiv 226 IP to X 121 mapping 215 ip_to_x121_map 215 network type 237 238 networks 227 strerr error log 195 summary 225 257 Index x25_networks 226 237 x25init log 227 x25init_def 226 228 x25init_smpl 226 231 x25server log 227 Filter file 183 G gateway 215 H hardware requirements 24 High Availability feature 24 hosts file 226 hosts equiv file 226 I ifconfig see man pages installing multiple X 25 cards 24 interface card displaying configuration 118 displaying statistics 118 displaying status 118 initialization 208 name 114 troubleshooting 199 interrupt signal 114 gt IP address mapped to X 121 address 214 IP over X 25 troubleshooting 206 IP routing description of 214 IP to X 121 mapping file accept reverse charge 217 closed user group 217 comments 217 description 215 parameters 216 programmatic access name 217 specifying PVCs 216 syntax 215
38. access socket synchronizatio RESET is sent as part of socket initialization n procedure Code is used if the application did not specify which cause diagnostic combination to use Application requires RESET to be sent No cause diagnostic combination is specified on socket 256 Appendix C Symbols netrc file 227 hosts file 227 A accept reverse charge IP to X 121 mapping file 217 add PAD UUCP services 74 add remote PAD support 72 addresses IP to X 121 mapping 214 summary of files 225 B battery backup 208 Break key 114 C cause code 242 CCITT X 25 Recommendations 237 closed user group IP to X 121 mapping file 217 codes cause 242 diagnostic 240 RESET CLEAR packet 243 RESTART packet 243 commands netstat 213 strace 187 strerr 195 x25check 115 x25server 115 x25stat 118 comments in IP to X 121 mapping file 217 compatibility High Availability feature 24 configuration displaying 118 configuration file 237 configuration parameters Network Type 237 Configure Internet Address screen 36 Configure Internet Address screen field descriptions 37 configure remote PAD printer support 73 Configure Virtual Circuits field descriptions 35 configuring Index internet address 35 local emulation 157 remote access 48 X 25 address 31 Configuring X 25 Address screen 32 Configuring X 25 Address screen field descriptions 33 network carrier type 33 programmatic
39. command set 161 launching applications automatically 138 padem 156 remote PAD support 132 remote printer support 139 system security 133 UUCP support 145 uucp support 145 x25printd 139 x29server 132 x29uucpd 146 PAD emulation add modify 71 pad_spt configuring 135 padem 156 command mode 156 data transfer mode 157 modify X 3 parameters 74 PAD UUCP services add modify 74 PAD UUCP support modify X 3 parameters 74 Index parameters configuration 237 Permanent VC Flow Control field _ descriptions 42 ping see man pages ping command troubleshooting 206 power failure memory loss 208 recovering from 208 priority level logging 189 problems contacting service representative 209 known 209 power failure 208 programmatic access name 33 114 IP to X 121 mapping file 217 x25check command 115 proxy see man pages PVCs IP to X 121 mapping file 216 R remote PAD printer support add modify 73 remote PAD support add modify 72 modify X 3 parameters 74 remote printer support modify X 3 parameters 74 RESET CLEAR packet code 243 RESTART packet code 243 route see man pages S SAM using 30 service representative contacting 209 service representative providing information for 209 setting window size values 41 signal interrupt 114 software requirements 27 spooler configuring 143 259 Index statistics VCs 118 status of interface card 118 strace see man pages strace c
40. default della finestra uscente controllo di flusso VC commutato Packet Size Permanent VC Flow Control Dimensione del pacchetto controllo di flusso VC permanente 221 Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations Table A 2 Table A 3 Table A 4 222 Using Your ITAPAC Italian Subscription Form Continued Switched VC Default Inbound amp Outbound Modify Throughput Class Setting Classe di throughput di default in entrata amp in uscita Switched VC Negotiated Modify Throughput Class Setting Classe di throughput negocia k Level 2 Window Size frames k Dimensione di finestra a livello 2 T1 Retransmission Timer ms T1 Timer di ritramissione ms Using your DATEX P German Subscription Form English on SMH dialogs German on subscription form X 25 Address Rufnummer des W hlanschlusses Network Carrier Type DATEX P Permanent Quantity Feste virtuelle Verbindungen Switched inbound Quantity Nur ankommende Switched outbound Quantity Nur abgehend Switched two way Quantity Abgehend und ankommend Reverse Charge Accepted M glichkeit der Verbindungsgebiihretiber nahme bei ankommenden gew hlten Ruf Default Window Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC FlowControl Fenstergr sse w Senden Fenstergr sse w Empfangen Using your IBERPAC
41. diagnostic utilities This chapter assumes you have designated the Break key as your interrupt character by setting the stty flags brkint and ignbrk See the man page for stty for details NOTE You should be familiar with X 25 data formats in order to understand diagnostic output 114 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25check and x25server x25check and x25server These commands are used together to test the connection between a source node and a destination node up to and including X 25 programmatic access level x25check is a major tool for debugging the X 25 subsystem and for checking the configuration for that subsystem x25server is a background process that waits for call requests from x25check The x25server must be running before you execute x25check See the man pages for x25check and x25server for syntax and parameter information NOTE The x25server daemon will be killed if all of the X 25 interfaces are deactivated S x25check X25CHECK Example 1 Running x25check Interactively No Parameters The example below shows x25check used interactively to do three tests e The first test sending a call packet only is successful and the results are shown Generally when running x25check first send the CALL packet alone without data to verify that a VC has been established between the nodes e The second test uses the same destination address to send five data packets Note that the X 121 address
42. displayed at the local terminal You can re enter command mode to issue a padem command by pressing Ctrl P If the VC is cleared at any time by the remote host or by the X 25 network padem returns to command mode or exits if the remote host address was at the HP UX prompt Configuring Local PAD Emulation NOTE See the man pages for padem for its syntax and parameters You can configure local PAD emulation by modifying parameters in the pad_emand host_table sections of the etc x25 x29hosts file Examples of these sections are given below See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example of the x29hosts file pad_em remote_x121 4085551111 name interface0 logging 3 reverse_charg nabl profile 0 host_table Gale 4085551111 Tornado 4085551113 Deepthought 4085551115 Chapter 6 Parameter Descriptions remote_x121 Mandatory This is the X 121 address of the remote system Only numbers 0 through 9 are legal wildcards or special address types are not allowed If this entry exists any call to the remote X 121 address will use the associated fields logging reverse_charge profile and name 157 PAD Services Local PAD Emulation padem NOTE 158 name logging Optional This is the name of the programmatic interface used for call setup If this entry does not exist the default name associated with dev x25_01s used This name must match the programmatic access name also called nam
43. down NOTE T4 under STASTISTICS FOR LAPB is only an internal parameter it is not configurable Chapter 5 121 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Table 5 4 Table 5 5 122 The level 1 Link state under the STASTISTICS FOR WAN heading can be Level 1 Link State Output on Screen Description Meaning HDLC_ESTB WAN connection established HDLC_IDLE No WAN connection established HDLC_DISABLED WAN connection disabled The output under the heading STATISTICS FOR WAN is explained in the table below Statistics for WAN Output Output on Screen Description Meaning transmit underruns Shows the number of times a transmission was aborted because the next octets to be transmitted were not provided soon enough for the level 2 firmware receive overruns Shows often received octets were overwritten because they were not processed by the card received frames with no buffer No message available in level 1 to copy received data to received frames with no flow control Never used receive buffer overflows Number of frames that were too long receive aborts Number of frames that have been aborted Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Example 3 Displaying Virtual Circuit Data Packet Counters The following example shows the output when there is one virtual circuit connected Note tha
44. etc The 1padmin command associates the printer name with the device file name in etc x25 x29hosts and maps this name to the remote X 121 address of the printer 143 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd parm_no 0 1245 180 19515 Examples x29printd and Ipsched Operation For this example a printer a RuggedWriter is connected on port 5 or B1 on HP 2335a PADs to a PAD whose address is 4085551203 The address of the printer in this case would be 408555120305 In the PAD device local configuration port 5 must be downloaded with parm_value 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 10 5 0 6 0 7 0 0 100 Die tas darks 13 05 1450 15309 Llores printer 144 20703 21403 2270 which is profile 21 on HP 2335a On the host side the printer name is foo This means that when a user types lp d foo tmp file the file tmp file will be printed on this printer The X 25 interface on the host is interface0 Printer Configuration To configure a printer foo in the examples below for use with the standard UNIX LP spooler system and x29printd follow these steps Step 1 Edit the etc x25 x29hosts file to include device x29printerl name interfaced remote_x121 408555120305 x3 default_printer logging 3 x29printd uses etc x25 x29hosts to configure remote PAD printers Step 2 Execute usr sbin x29printd with the 13 option After usr sbin x29printd starts it creates a device file named dev x29 x29printerl You can
45. headers plus full data output for each header with no filtering etc netfmt v f tmp tracex25 TRCO more The output will resemble the following VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVLAN X 25NETWORKINGVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV Timestamp Wed Sep 28 1994 10 16 19 696042 Process ID 10 Subsystem SX25L3 User ID UID 200 Trace Kind 0x10000000 Device ID 0 Path ID gn ll Connection ID 200 Location 00123 Tx board 0 at Wed Sep 28 1994 10 16 19 689181 Data Packet lci 64 OSbB1t 210 D bit 0 M bit 0 P R 250 P S 20 User Data 20 bytes 182 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities netfmt 0 00 00 00 01 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 aaaaaaaaaaaa To format the file tmp tracex25 TRCO in Nice mode output is mainly packet headers with no filtering etc netfmt N f tmp tracex25 TRCO more The output will be Tx board 0 at Wed Sep 28 1994 10 16 19 689181 Data Packet lci 64 Osbit 3 0 D bit 0 M bit 0 P R 0 P S ud User Data 20 bytes To format the file tmp tracex25 TRCO in terse short mode with no filtering etc netfmt 1 f tmp tracex25 TRCO more The output will be Tx board 0 at 10 16 19 689181 Data Packet lci 64 PR 0 PS O Creating a Filter File You can use a filter file to filter information according to various criteria This enables you to apply system level filtering to get information such as a time stamp for a specific subsystem You create a filter file with yo
46. installation process described in Chapter 2 Installation and the configuration instructions in this chapter or refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting for troubleshooting information Chapter 3 4 Chapter 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts 97 OLA R Overview and Concepts Introduction IMPORTANT IMPORTANT 98 Introduction The letters O L A and R stand for On Line Addition and Replacement This of course refers to the ability ofa PCI 1 O card to be replaced added to an HP UX computer system designed to support this feature without the need for completely shutting down then re booting the system or affecting other system components The system hardware uses the per slot power control combined with operating system support to enable this feature Initially not all add in cards will have this capability but over time users should see many cards adding this capability to their set of functions Certain Classes of hardware are not intended for access by users At this time this includes Z class SuperDome systems HP recommends that these systems only be opened by a qualified HP Engineer Failure to observe this requirement can invalidate any support agreement or warantee to which the owner might otherwise be entitled For those wishing to use OLAR your system may need to update its system firmware For additional details please refer to the Read Before Installing or Updating to HP UX 11i v3 doc
47. not provide any components for the general support of the application and presentation levels levels 7 and 6 respectively although X 25 9000 PAD Services do provide some of the functionality of these levels User written application programs Internet Services Berkeley Services via BSD Sockets and NS via NetIPC Sockets are accessed by means of TCP or UDP Transport Level level 4 protocols For application level services you can install OSI Services to run over the X 25 network for more information refer to OSI Services documentation The OTS 9000 product provides access to X 25 for OSI Services You can install application level services such as Internet Berkeley Services and Network Services for more information refer to the documentation for these products BSD IPC Berkeley Software Distribution InterProcess Communication allows direct programmatic access to the X 25 packet level level 3 or TCP UDP at the transport level level 4 for user written application programs NetIPC sockets also provides a programmatic interface to TCP UDP at the transport level Chapter 1 Chapter 1 About the X 25 Product Transport Level L4 Transport Level L4 At the transport level level 4 the X 25 link provides TCP based on the DARPA standard and UDP These Transport level protocols are used by Internet Berkeley Services by NS and by user application programs that access the TCP UDP and IP protocols The TCP protoc
48. reverse changes def_inpacketsize 128 default packetsize def_outpacketsize 128 default packetsize 58 Chapter 3 def_inwindow 7 default def_outwindow 7 default def_inthruputclass 19200 def_outthruputclass 19200 flowcontrol on Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 window size window size default thruput class default thruput class flow control negotiation allowed neg_inpacketsize 128 offered packet size if using flow control negotiation neg_outpacketsize 128 offered packetsize if using flow control negotiation neg_inwindow 7 offered window size if using flow control negotiation neg_outwindow 7 offered window size if using flow control negotiation thruputclass on neg_inthruputclass 19200 negotiation neg_outthruputclass 19200 negotiation pvc_inpacketsize 128 pvc_outpacketsize 128 pvc_inwindow 7 pvc_outwindow 7 IP Related Parameters IP 15 4 64 120 255 255 248 0 offered thruput class if using thruput class offered thruput class if using thruput class packetsize for PVCs packetsize for PVCs window size for PVCs window size for PVCs IP address and subnet mask mtu 1024 max transmission unit 1024 octets hold 300 5 minute hold timer idle 600 10 minute idle timer NOTE For an XOL configuration L3 packet sizes greater than 1024 are not supported If the XOL interface on the host is connected to a router supporting X 25 over LLC2 the router mu
49. tea Witte date et Be ain odos tes ES 187 Examples of the strace Command 1 0 ccc eee eens 192 Examples of strace Output 193 o RN 195 So bea 85 A NN 195 Contents Parameters ui da ss esta as ted a A ee oe oat Me 195 8 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Lidnk oooooooooooorro 198 Troubleshooting Flowcharts and Procedures 0 0 0 e eee eee eens 199 Flowchart 2 Procedures and Notes 0 0 ccc cece eee eee eee e 200 Note 2 L D tai e sac 200 Note 2 2 eisa COMME a a di aa 200 Flowchart 3 Procedures and Notes 0 c ccc eee eect eee eens 203 Note 3 1 Hardware Check 0 ce eee e eens 203 Flowchart 4 Procedures and Notes 0 cece eee eee eee eeeenee 204 Note 4 1 XDB check cia gies seo eek ade Gah tae adi s 204 Not 54D SHIA A A do e a eats etn ee din bute oc ae Da 204 Flowchart 5 Procedures and Notes 0 0 cece eee eee eee teen eee 205 Note PIDE A A di tados 206 Note 5 2 Checking your IP over X 25 Configuration 004 206 Note Exibe e a ae a aot ia apie ge 4a aaa a aea ala a a Madd yam ela neashs 206 Recovering From a Power Failure ooooooooo ooo 208 For Systems With a Backup Power Supply ooooooooooooo 208 For Systems With No Backup Power Supply 0 0 cece eee eens 208 Reporting Problems pes oe a oath eke Bee Se ne SPE eae A ee 209 Back to back Conf
50. the X 121 address of the destination node This example shows a successful test x25check 250207 i interface0 s 32767 n 1 X25CHECK c COPYRIGHT Hewlett Packard Company 1988 Test Starts on Wed Dec 8 09 15 47 1993 Initialization of the test CALL packet sent DATA packet sent DATA packet received The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 286 ms Transit time 24205 ms Remote Connection Succeeded Chapter 5 117 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat x25stat This command displays the status configuration and VC statistics of an X 25 interface See the man pages on x25stat for syntax and parameter information Example 1 Displaying the Current Configuration x25stat c d x25_0 ON X 25 CONFIG General Parameters X 121 Address 110 X 121 Pkt Addr 110 Programatic Access Name x25interface_0 Level 1 parameters Linespeed external clock Level 2 parameters tl frame timeout 3000 ms t3 idle timer 12000 ms n2 retransmissions 3 Max Framesize 269 Level 2 Window a Level 3 parameters network type DTE_8 VC parameters Low High values PVCs 0 0 SVCs In 0 0 SVCs 2ways L 64 SVCs Out 0 0 Total Number of VCs configured 64 Default inbound packet size 128 Default outbound packet size 128 Default inbound window size 2 Default outbound window size 2 Default inbound throughput class 12 Default outbound throughput class 12 Facilities settings
51. to save changes and exit this dialog Select Exit from the List menu to return to the X 25 PAD Services dialog Select the next PAD service you need to configure from the list on the X 25 PAD Services dialog Add Modify PAD Printers Server Follow the steps below to add or modify remote PAD printers At the SMH main window highlight Networking and Communications and select Open Item from the Actions menu At the Networking and Communications window highlight X 25 PAD Services and select Open Item from the Actions menu Highlight Printers Server and select Open Itemfrom the Actions menu SMH lists all remote printers that your system can currently access via X 25 Select Add from the Actions menu to configure access to an unlisted remote printer or highlight a remote printer from the list and select Modify Enter or modify field values as required Click on Apply to apply the new settings and to add additional PAD printers Click on OK to save changes and exit this dialog Select Exit from the List menu to return to the X 25 PAD Services dialog Select the next PAD service you need to configure from the list on the X 25 PAD Services dialog Add Modify UUCP Server Follow the steps below to add or modify a UUCP server 73 Configuration Configuring PAD Services Step 1 Atthe SMH main window highlight Networking and Communicatio
52. to the initialization of the address map table If the interface or the specified PVC does not exist an error is reported Specifies the card s programmatic access name For Series 712 workstations this is always name interface0 Specifies that outbound calls to this IP address will Use Reverse Charging URC Default Specifies that outbound calls to this IP address will not Use Reverse Charging URC Specifies that inbound calls to this IP address will Accept Reverse Charging ARC Default Specifies that inbound calls to this IP address will not Accept Reverse Charging ARC x25_card_device A device configured for one of your existing X 25 CUG n cards This information is used by the IP_to_X25 software to identify the interface port through which the outbound packets will be sent Specifies the Closed User Group index number used for placing calls to this IP address The index number is a two or four digit number Two digits corresponds to the basic format and four digits corresponds to the extended format of the CUG selection facility You can put comments in your IP mapping table by including the character at the beginning of the line Note that you cannot add comments after a table entry 217 Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands NOTE For non DDN configured interfaces all remote hosts must have entries in the IP to X 121 address map table Remote hosts not on your X 25 netwo
53. tre Packet Size Permanent VC Flow Control Longueur paquet Switched VC Default Inbound amp Outbound Choix classe de d bit Switched VC Negotiated N gociation classes de d bit Appendix A Table A 1 Table A 2 Appendix A Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations French TRANSPAC Subscription Form Continued k Level 2 Window Size frames Fen tre T1 Retransmission Timer ms Temporisateur Using Your ITAPAC Italian Subscription Form English on SMH dialogs Italian on subscription form X 25 Address Indirizzo X 25 Network Carrier Type ITAPAC Permanent Quantity Circuiti permanenti numero Switched inbound Quantity Circuiti commutati unidirectionali in entrata numero Switched two way Quantity Circuiti commutati bidiretionali in entrata numero Switched outbound Quantity Circuiti commutati unidirectionali in uscita numero Fast Accept Selected Selectione rapida Flow Control Negotiation Negoziazione dei parametri di controllo di flusso Reverse Charge Accepted Accettazione delle tassa zione al chiamato Default Packet Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Dimensione di default del pacchetto uscente controllo di flusso VC commutato Default Window Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Dimensione di
54. user instead of generation of CLEAR If facility checking was configured a facility code not allowed by configured level 1980 or 1984 was found before the first facility marker In CALL REQUEST this condition results in an error returned to user instead of generation of CLEAR If facility checking was configured along with rejection of duplicate facilities a combination of invalid facility codes was detected The combination may indicate that the basic and extended format of given facility are present or that both the Closed User Group and Closed User Group with Outgoing Access facilities are present In CALL REQUEST this condition results in an error instead of a CLEAR Facility marker 00 3B hex found which corresponds to internal facilities This facility marker is not allowed by either application or network In CALL REQUEST this condition results in an error returned to the user instead of CLEAR Appendix C Table C 5 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem Continued 66 CLEAR Facility parameter not allowed Parameter field of a packet size negotiation window size negotiation or throughput class negotiation facility in a call setup packet has been found to be invalid because it contains values not allowed by the configured level 1980 or 1984 Parameter field of a packet size negotiation window size negotiation or throughpu
55. verify that this device file exists with the command 11 dev x29 x29printd creates the device file by linking it to a slave PTY This master slave PTY pair is the interface for lpsched and x29printd see the pty 7 man pages for information about UNIX PTYs The device file for printer foo will be written to dev x29 x29printerl Chapter 6 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd Step 3 Configure the printer in the spooler system with the following commands lpshut lpadmin v dev x29 x29printerl pfoo mruggedwriter lpsched accept foo enable foo lpshut 1M is necessary since lpadmin will not execute when lpschedis running You must restart LP scheduler after lpadmin 1psched 1M schedules requests taken by 1p 1 for line printing After a printer is configured in the spooler you must enable it to accept printing requests Verifying the Configuration After you complete the steps above check the configuration as shown below e ipstat t should display the following assuming that only this printer is configured in the spooler system and you did these steps on January 23 11 00 am scheduler is running no system default destination device for foo dev x29 x29printerl foo accepting requests since Jan 23 11 00 printer foo is idle nabled since Jan 23 11 00 fence priority 0 e ps ef should show that both 1psched and x29printd are running e var x25 log x29printd x29printd log should have be
56. you enter becomes the default value the next time your run the test e The third test to a different X 121 address is unsuccessful An error message stating the problem is displayed When x25check prompts you for a programmatic access name press Return The programmatic access name is not used for 712 Series workstations c COPYRIGHT Hewlett Packard Company 1988 Test Starts on Wed Dec 8 09 13 41 1993 Chapter 5 115 Diagnostic Utilities x25check and x25server Initialization of the test Do you want to send only a CALL packet no DATA y n gt y Enter the X 121 Address of the remote node gt 2502057 Enter the programmatic access name through which you want to check gt interface2 Use reverse charging y n gt y Closed user group identification number Blank or xx or xxxx gt CALL packet sent The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 302 ms Remote Connection Succeeded Do you want to run the test once again y n gt y Initialization of the test Do you want to send only a CALL packet no DATA y n gt n Enter the X 121 Address of the remote node 250207 gt Enter the programmatic access name through which you want to check interface20 gt CALL packet sent DATA packet sent DATA packet received DATA packet sent DATA packet received DATA packet sent DATA packet received DATA packet sent DATA packet received DATA p
57. you need help deciding which utility to use Available Tracing and Logging Utilities Description Refer to Creates a user defined log file containing frame and packet trace information from X 25 packet and LAP B levels man page and this chapter for examples Formats trace information contained in the user defined log file that was generated with the nett1 command man page and this chapter for examples Creates a log file of event messages for X 25 levels 2 and 3 and IP over X 25 man page and this chapter for examples Receives error messages from the Streams log driver man page and this chapter for examples The following diagram shows the areas of the X 25 product covered by the network event logging and network tracing utilities Table 7 1 Utility nettl net fmt strace strerr 176 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities Introduction Figure 7 1 The Scope of X 25 Tracing and Logging Utilities OSI Services Internet Network X 25 User User Services Services NS PAD Written Written Services L3 L4 BSD NetIPC k Sockets OTS 9000 Sockets BSD IPC TCP UDP X 25 OTS to PLP Programmatic Access Translator BSD to PLP translator IP to PLP Interface X 25 Packet Level Protocol PLP strace nettl X 25 Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol LAP B X 25 Hardware Chapter 7 177 Tracing and Logging
58. 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1273 1271 162944 162688 Example 5 Displaying X 25 Level 1 and 2 Statistics x25stat f d x25_0 STATISTICS FOR LAPB 124 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Subnetwork 0 Link mode LC_LAPBDTE Link state NORMAL FRAMES TX_CMD TX_RSP RX_CMD RX_RSP Supervisory RR 45 1045 0 46 RNR 0 0 0 0 REJ 0 0 0 0 Unumbered SABM 0 1 DISC 0 0 DM 0 0 UA FRMR 0 0 Information I 1280 2051 Pp o TX RX Other Bad length Unknown Erroneous Discarded Ignored 0 Retransmitted 0 Qui Ec Timers El 0 T4 0 T4 N2 times 0 STATISTICS FOR WAN Subnetwork 0 Link State HDLC_ESTB WAN 2371 good frames transmitted 2599 good frames received O transmit underruns O receive overruns O CRC frame errors received O received frames with no buffer O received frames with no flow control Chapter 5 125 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat NOTE Table 5 7 O receive buffer overflows 0 receive aborts T4 under STASTISTICS FOR LAPB in the example above is only an internal parameter it is not configurable The output under the heading STATISTICS FOR WAN is explained as follows Statistics for WAN Output Output on Screen Description Meaning transmit underruns Shows the number of times a transmission was aborted because the next octets to be transmitted were not provided soon enough for the level 2 firmware
59. 120 255 255 248 0 IP address and subnet mask mtu 2048 max transmission unit 2048 octets for mtu 1007 standard hold 300 max transmission unit 1007 octets for idle 600 DDN 5 minute hold timer 10 minute idle timer Appendix B Table B 7 Appendix B The x25init_smpl File X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Likely runstring x25init c x25init_smpl X 121 4085551202 X 121_packet name interface0 device x25_0p1 Level 2 Parameters t1 3000 t3 12000 framesize 263 n2 3 k 7 Level 3 Parameters logical channel id Ici 1 pve 5 lci 255 insve 5 lci 2048 svc 6 networktype TRANSPAC fast_select enabled reverse_charge enabled def_inpacketsize 128 def_outpacketsize 128 def_inwindow 7 def_outwindow 7 def_inthruputclass 19200 def_outthruputclass 19200 X 121 address use a null i e length 0 packet address TransPac addressing interface name for Level 3 access device to initialize frame retransmission timeout 3 seconds Level 2 idle timer 12 seconds max Level 2 transmission size octets n1 8 number of retransmissions allowed Level 2 window virtual circuit parameters start num 1 4095 type how many 5 permanent VCs 5 one way incoming SVCs 6 two way switched VCs CCITT 1984 DTE see etc x25 x25_networks allow incoming calls with call user data allow incoming calls requesting reverse changes default packetsize defau
60. 2 charge option for the call setup for the particular printer address It can be disabled or disable enabled or enable Chapter 6 x3 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd Optional This is the X 3 configuration set name for this x29server login session If used the configuration set name and X 3 parameter set must also exist in etc x25 x3config If more than one X 3 configuration set with the same name exists the first one found in the file is used If there is no configuration set name in etc x25 x29hosts or no matching X 3 configuration set name in etc x25 x3config default values are used Configuring the UNIX Line printer Spooler for x29printd The remote PAD printer must also be configured in the spooler system in order for remote printing to work with the standard UNIX LP commands To configure a remote PAD printer in the spooler system execute the following command lpadmin v lt device name gt p lt printer name gt m lt printer model gt oP Chapter 6 Printer name is the name given to this printer at the user level This is the same name specified with the 1p command s d option used when you print a file to a printer Device file name is dev x29 device name The value for device name is the same character string as the one entered in the device entry in the etc x25 x29hosts file Printer model is the HP printer model name for example thinkjet laserjet hp2563a
61. 2 or 3 Level 0 is no logging and the default is level 1 error logging Level 2 is error and warning logging Level 3 is error warning information and status logging reverse_charge Optional Specifies reverse charge options for the size parity calling address Possible settings are disabled or disable enabled or enable With the default value disable reverse charge calls will not be accepted When reverse charging is enabled and is requested by the remote PAD or system the call is accepted and is charged to the local system You must also configure the X 25 interface card to allow reverse charging refer to Configuring Remote System Access in Chapter 3 for instructions on how to use SMH to enable reverse charging in order for reverse charging to work with PAD services Optional Legal values are 8_none the default 7_even and 7_odd Specifies the character size and parity setting of the remote PAD and terminal This parameter is useful when the asynchronous port of the PAD cannot be configured in 8 bits In this case this parameter must be set to match the remote PAD and terminal settings x29server will set the PTY pair correctly so that 7 bit PAD users can log in without 137 PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server problems Note that size and parity processing will only be performed on input from the PAD to the system x3 Optional This is the X 3 configuration set name for this x29server ses
62. 28 PAD command set 160 X 3 default parameters 165 parameter descriptions 165 X 3 profile parameters configuring 163 X25 configuration displaying 118 x25_networks file 226 237 238 x25check see man pages x25check command 115 description 115 example with parameters 117 running interactively 115 troubleshooting 204 x25init examples 214 x25init log file 227 x25init_def file 226 228 x25init_smpl file 226 231 x25mibstat 128 see man pages x25ping see man pages x25printd 139 x25server 132 see man pages x25server command 115 description 115 troubleshooting 204 x25server log file 227 x25stat see man pages x25stat command 118 brief description of 118 examples 118 x25stop see man pages x25trace see man pages x25upload see man pages x29printd and Ipsched operation during configuration 144 x29uucpd 146 Index 261
63. 3 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 NOTE NOTE 54 Configuring X 25 over LLC2 This section describes how to configure X 25 over LLC2 Configuring X 25 over LLC2 allows X 25 layer 3 to connect to DLPI instead of LAP B and provides the X 25 functionality on top of LAN cards such as Ethernet FDDI and TokenRing In this document an XOL interface on the peer or local system is referred to as box Configuration Files To configure the LLC2 feature the following configuration files must be added or updated manually e Generic X 25 configuration file e LLC2 specific configuration file Generic X 25 Configuration file The generic X 25 configuration file is used with a few additional XOL specific parameters to configure X 25 over LLC2 XOL To support the XOL HA feature some of the existing parameter names are modified and a few new parameters are introduced The parameters introduced in an earlier release of X 25 are supported However HP recommends that you migrate to the new parameters Migration is required for XOL HA support Chapter 3 Table 3 14 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 Table 3 14 lists the XOL specific parameters that must be defined while configuring an XOL interface Additional XOL specific configuration parameters Field Format Value device Device name string Name of the LAN card where the XOL interface is co
64. 4 18 0 19 1 Appendix B 233 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files 20 21 22 hp_padsrvr 127 94 21 21 14 1100 O 00 24 14 qd OO wo NOM TWO CO 24 20 21 22 0 hp_profile 127 a wt wv OAD N COO FATA OC AON OTA NM THY OO e TOO 2 DADA AA aA Y Appendix B 234 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files 18 19 20 21 22 D O OHO Appendix B 235 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Table B 8 236 The x29hosts File for x29printd printer device printerl name hptndxk0 remote_x121 408555111201 x3 hp_printer reverse_charg nabl logging 1 for x29uucpd pad_uucp device x25uucp name hptndxk0 remote_x121 4085551113 x3 hp_uucp reverse_charg nabl logging 3 for padem pad_em name hptndxk0 remote_x121 4085551111 reverse_charg nabl profile 0 logging 3 host_table Gale 4085551111 Tornado 4085551113 Typhoon 4085551115 Appendix B Table B 8 Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Continued for x29server pad_spt remote_x121 408555120801 x3 hp_padsrvr logging 1 reverse_charge disable The Network Type File x25_networks The network type file describes standard network types If the network to which you are subscribing does not meet any of the network descriptions specified in this file use o
65. 5 94 month day year time_through 12 54 22 hr min sec 7 25 94 month day year subsystem SX25L3 level 3 SX25L3 Ici decimal number between 0 subsystem level and 4095 this can be a list or range of values packet call callc clear clearc data rr rnr interrupt reset resetc restart restartc diagnostic registration reject family refer to connect disconnect Table 7 4 below data fctl network 184 Chapter 7 Table 7 4 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Util ities netimt The following table lists the packet types displayed for each value combined with family Filter File family Options family Packet types displayed from DTE to DCE from DCE to DTE connect CALL REQUEST INCOMING CALL CALL CALL CONNECTED ACCEPTED disconnect CLEAR CLEAR INDICATION REQUEST CLEAR CONFIRMATION CLEAR CONFIRMATIO N data DATA DATA DTE DCE INTERRUPT INTERRUPT DCE INTERRUPT DTE CONFIRMATION INTERRUPT CONFIRMATIO N fetl DTE RR DCE RR DTE RNR DCE RNR RESET RESET INDICATION REQUEST DCE RESET CONFIRMATION DTE RESET CONFIRMATIO N network RESTART DIAGNOSTIC REQUEST RESTART INDICATION DTE RESTART CONFIRMATIO DCE RESTART INDICATION N REGISTRATION 185 Tracing and Logging Utilities netfmt Filter File Examples The following examples illustrate the use of filter configuration commands within the filter file Starts formatting at 10 55 21 on 7 16 94 finishing 3 minutes later
66. 5 over LLC2 Figure 3 11 62 One Lan and Two Boxes configuration A graphical representation of the above configuration with some arbitrary values for the MAC addresses and lan ids is shown below One LAN Two Boxes Configuration MAC Address 0x080009DBEA7 HOST BSD name BSD name Interface0 land Interfacel iani lan2 l MAC Address MAC Address BOX 0 0x080009411371 BOX 1 oxos0009047284 To connect HOST to BOX 0 To implement the above configuration the following configuration files need to be created on the HOST system e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_host_box_0 e LLC2 configuration file llc2_lan_0 The generic X25 configuration file has to be created in the etc x25 directory using the example configuration file etc x25 x25init_def Chapter 3 device lan 0 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 The file x25_host_box_0 should contain all the mandatory level 2 and level 3 parameters Along with them it should contain the following entries XOL_logical_port_id 0 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009411371 XOL_DSAP 0x70 XOL_SSAP 0x70 lano device lan 0 The LLC2 specific configuration file llc2_lan_0 is created in the etc x25 directory with the following entries 2 To connect HOST to BOX 1 To configure HOST to communicate with BOX1 the generic configuration file named etc x25 x25_host_box_1 has be created as follows Apart from the mandatory
67. 9200 speed 19200 line null telno call find_dev 15076527500 baud 19200 speed 19200 line null telno nomodem is 0 fixline 6 19200 fixline direct MDTR was not set gdial direct called Call mode 1 Connected transmit started receive started Generic Sys generic HP Release A B9 04 login If you don t see the login prompt type dave uusnap You should receive the following output x29 0 LOCKED pid 57602 Chapter 6 153 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd batt zi error message Refer to the UUCP section in Chapter 9 of the Remote Access User s Guide part number B2355 90037 for more information on UUCP error messages Step 14 Test the file permissions of both bill and dave using dave usr lib uucp uucico r1 x9 sbill where r1 indicates that dave is the master for UUCP purposes and x9 is the highest debugging level If successful you should receive output similar to mchFind called bill list rmail num 1 list num 1 list num 1 list ALL num 1 _Request TRUE _Switch TRUE _CallBack FALSE _MyName dave _Commands ALL chdir var spool uucp bill conn bill ProtoStr f Device Type dev_bill wanted mlock x29 bill succeeded fixline 5 19200 fixline direct gdial direct called X 25 connection established getto ret 6 expect Ga got it sendthem MDELAY MDELAY M M expect ogin
68. AX_PAD_PR Chapter 6 NOTE printer PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd The following kernel parameters should not be modified and should retain the values indicated below e NFILE 16 x NPROC 16 MAXUSERSICIO 32 2 x NPTY e NINODE NPROC 16 MAXUSERS 32 2 x NPTY SERVER_NODE x 18 x NUM_CODES For more information on dependencies refer to your System Administration Tasks manual See the man pages for x29printd for its syntax and parameters Configuring Remote PAD Printers You must configure each remote PAD printer by specifying parameters in the printer section of the etc x25 x29hosts file see Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example x29hosts file An example printer section is shown below device printerl name interfacel remote_x121 408555111201 cud dbad cug 02 logging 1 reverse_charg nabl x3 hp_printer device Mandatory This is the name of the device file that will be located in dev x29 It is created by x29printd and will be symbolically linked to a slave PTY in dev pty The device file must also be configured in the spooler system using lpadmin and the v option see Configuring the UNIX Line printer Spooler for x29printd below Chapter 6 141 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd name remote_x121 cud cug logging Mandatory This is the name of the programmatic interface that will be use
69. Address If the asumptions in the XOL configuration file are the following e The primary LAN card is lan0 e The standby LAN card is lanl e The MAC address is 0x0060BOA4EbE5 Then the XOL HA parameters take the following values lanl XOL_floating_macaddr 0Ox0060BOA4EBE5 NOTE In the event of a failover the XOL_floating_macaddr is moved from the primary LAN card to the standby LAN card HP recommends that you use the primary and standby LAN cards only for the XOL links configured with HA feature Step 2 To initialize the XOL HA interface with local failover support run the Chapter 3 following command 85 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 x25init c lt XOL_config_file gt L lt llc2_conf_def gt Remote Failover NOTE Remote failover with or without local failover requires the installation of the ServiceGuard product on the system For more information on HP MC ServiceGuard product see Managing MC ServiceGuard document In the ServiceGuard cluster the remote failover works between LAN cards on different nodes Each LAN card has an XOL interface which is defined by the same configuration filename used in the SG package The x25ifstate command monitors the XOL interface status When the XOL interface fails the x25ifstate command exits HP MC Service Guard detects that the monitor service belonging to the package has exited and stops the package HP MC Service G
70. C_NAME x25HAmonitor then usr bin kill PID fi test_return 51 END of customer defined run commands 94 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 function customer_defined_halt_cmds START of cus usr sbin x25s Sleep 2 Assuming tha usr sbin x25s Sleep 2 test_return 52 tomer defined halt commands top d dev x25_110 t lan2 was configured as standby lan top d dev x25_210 END of customer defined halt commands Chapter 3 95 Configuration Verifying the X 25 Link Step 1 Step 2 NOTE 96 Verifying the X 25 Link After completing the installation and configuration instructions follow these steps to verify your link If you are using IP over X 25 use the ping command to check that the IP connection is operating properly Refer to your man pages for details on the ping command Examples are given below To check the connection to and from the network to the IP address for example 193 6 3 2 type ping 193 6 3 2 To check the full connection across the network to the remote system s IP address for example 193 6 1 1 type ping 193 6 1 1 Ifping was unsuccessful use the x25check and x25server commands to verify that the X 25 connections are operating properly Refer to your man pages for detailed information on the these commands If you have problems with the operation of your X 25 link repeat the
71. D Services as a Pipe HP 9000 host X 25 pe PAD 4 Level3 lt Services PTY User Applications uucp Ip login etc Remote PAD Support x29server Overview The x29server user level process provides support for communications with terminals attached to a remote PAD This process accesses X 25 level 3 through Berkeley Sockets programmatic interface and has an interface to PTYs see illustration below 132 Chapter 6 Figure 6 3 Chapter 6 PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server Remote PAD Support HP 9000 host T User Level x29server UNIX lt Applications m PAD qT I a BSD Sockets CG T gt Pseudo X 25 terminal Level Ill Kernel drivers PTYs Packet Switching Network The x29server remote PAD support provides capabilities for e Managing call acceptance e Launching applications automatically e Ensuring system security e Monitoring access and data transfers When x29server begins execution it examines the PAD support section pad_spt of the etc x25 x29hosts file The PAD support section contains user configurable parameters for all devices See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example of the x29hosts file Call Acceptance Mechanism and System Security The x29server process operates in conjunction with devices declared in the set of pad_spt
72. E5 92 Chapter 3 NOTE Step 2 NOTE Step 3 Example 3 8 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 In the event of a failover the XOL_floating_macaddr is moved from the Primary LAN card to the standby LAN card HP recommends that you use the primary and standby LAN cards only for the XOL links configured with HA feature Configure the SG package For information on achieving remote failover functionality see XOL Package Definition on page 89 For remote failover with local failover support define the XOL package with the following changes e In the Start script of the package stop the monitor if it is running For details see Example 3 6 on page 90 e Inthe XOL package definition use x25HAmonitor command instead of x25ifstate as the service command as follows x25HAmonitor c etc x25 x25config_l11c2 L etc x25 11c2_conf_def m The x25HAmonitor command helps in failover of the XOL interface between the primary and standby LAN cards on the local system if the LAN card either primary or standby on which the XOL interface was active fails The x25HAmoni tor exits if it is does not start the XOL interface on the local system on either the primary or standby LAN card The SG does a package failover to the standby node configured in the SG cluster To start the SG package run the following command cmrunpkg v lt package name gt Remote Failover with Loc
73. Files for UUCP o o o oooooooomo momo ees 150 Local PAD Emulation padem 2 0 000 eee nett eee eee 156 Command Mode cuca eee ee 156 Data Transfer Mode 2 eos cuneate nad ow atta oie Bini Mois a Ok ages 157 Configuring Local PAD Emulation 0 0 0 eee ees 157 Parameter Descriptions 0 ccc eee eens 157 PAD Commands rice e estas Gate at ode ds Wao wid ae te th i ee aha duros ds Ute 160 X 28 PAD Command Seda in Be a a weed Sadia ahs 160 Extended Command Set 0 0 0 0 ccc cee eee nee e ene 161 Configuring X 3 Profile Parameters 0 0 0 0 00 ccc eee eee teen eens 163 Configuration Set Syntax 0 0 eee eee eens 163 Parameter Valles it ad LS dt 164 Modifying Parameters anea e eee a aaa a 164 Default X 3 Parameters o ooooooocooooorrrr cette nnn ne ees 165 X 3 Parameter Descriptions 0 0 0 0 00 ccc cece eee e eee ene 165 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities Introduction ssn 8 3 Sed wits Beate end WR iS dl Vick ta Uh its aha Be 176 DE et eet toe ee a eSpace ite rs Weer are fe er Aa ore et iar cee rte eer 178 o O eA 178 Parameters tt di LS it a eae ee POM o yin 178 Examples iii id da io td Shasta toa e 180 Het rl at a a c 181 Syntax A A RS AN RO 181 Parameters mine AS ii 181 Examples ci AS EN 182 Creating a Filter Pile A Se eh 183 Filter File Examples ofa hie thea dt RO Se 186 SUP AC S E ates A orks Mea te ein a hat coke ta eee ates 187 SYM A O A ehindcend eens 187 Parametros e
74. HP X 25 9000 User s Guide HP UX 11i v3 Edition 8 ra invent Manufacturing Part Number J2793 90072 February 2007 Copyright 2007 Hewlett Packard Development Company LP Legal Notices O Copyright 2007 Hewlett Packard Development Company L P Confidential computer software Valid license required from HP for possession use or copying Consistent with FAR 12 211 and 12 212 Commercial Computer Software Computer Software Documentation and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U S Government under vendor s standard commercial license The information contained herein is subject to change without notice The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services Nothing herein should be construed as constituting additional warranty HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group Contents 1 About the X 25 Product INTO UCA a 16 Application L7 Presentation L6 and Session L5 Levels 18 Transport Level L4 o o o oooooooorrrr eee nnn e teen eee nee 19 Packet network Level L3 2 0 rr 20 Data link L2 and Physical L1 Levels 0 0 0 ene 21 2 Installation Before You Install the Software 0 0 ccc cee teens 24 Hardware Requirements 0 ccc eee ene teen eens 24
75. NECT INDICATE is received on all open SVCs For Systems With No Backup Power Supply If your system does not possess the battery backup option both system memory and interface card memory are lost You must reboot your system Chapter 8 NOTE Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Reporting Problems Reporting Problems If you have a service contract with HP ask your service representative to document the problem as a Service Request SR Include the following information where applicable A detailed description of the problem Describe the events leading up to the problem and the symptoms of the problem Include information on HP UX commands communication subsystem commands job streams result codes and error messages the exact wording A record of the output from x25 stat c or a copy of the configuration file for each node Record the output from netstat A printout of the existing configuration files A copy of the ipmap file A copy of the PSI upload file The version update and fix information for all software From this information HP can determine if the problem is already known and if the correct software is installed at your site Use the what command to check your X 25 version Your host node should be running HP UX Release 10 0 or later To check the version of your kernel execute uname r Any network log files produced using the net fmt command see Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities for detai
76. PAD support entries contained in the x29hosts file It continually listens to the network and initializes communications channels at the user level when a call request is received x29server can handle a large number of calls because each communication channel is managed by an independent process 133 PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server Figure 6 4 134 The x29server process employs Berkeley Sockets at X 25 level 3 to set up dedicated listening sockets that only handle calls arriving at a particular subsystem Addressing information contained in incoming call request packets enables the listening process to determine if the call should be accepted When a call request packet arrives x29server looks in the pad_spt entries to verify the following Legal PID in the incoming call request packet The PID must conform to the X 29 standard to ensure support on all X 25 networks x29server only verifies that the PID begins with 01 and that it is 4 bytes in length as illustrated below 1st byte must be 01 a 0x01000000 PID is 4 bytes in length Correct interface_name If there is an entry in the interface_name field in the pad_spt section optional it must contain the name of the interface over which the call has arrived Correct address If there is an entry in the local_x121 field in the pad_spt section optional this entry must match the called address specified in the call request p
77. Parameter Descriptions Table 6 10 Continued 18 Line Display Specifies which character to use for the line display character when editing is allowed The range is 0 through 127 19 Edit Service Specifies whether and how PAD service signals Signals can be edited This parameter is valid when the setting of X 3 Parameter 6 is not 0 The possible values are shown below Table 6 11 Value Meaning 0 No editing permitted 1 Editing permitted for printing terminals 2 Editing permitted for display terminals 8OR Editing permitted using specified 32 to 126 character NOTE If you specify a value greater than 7 that value specifies the editing character This parameter is available only for networks using the 1984 standard Table 6 12 X 3 Parameter Description 20 Echo Mask This parameter specifies which characters will not be echoed X 3 Parameter 2 Echo takes precedence over this parameter The possible values are shown below Table 6 13 Value Meaning 172 Chapter 6 Table 6 13 NOTE Table 6 14 Table 6 15 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Continued 1 Do not echo carriage return 2 Do not echo line feed 4 Do not echo VT HT and FF 8 Do not echo BEL and BS 16 Do not echo ESC and ENQ 32 Do not echo ACK NAK STX SOH EOT ETB and ETX 64 Do not echo characters specified in X 3 P
78. Preparation 0 0 00 00 c cece eee i ET 100 Card Compatibility io dt ds alte es 100 On Line Addition esemane aid eo i haf Rea aa Ries BE ie a a rt 100 OnLine Replacement uni RA 100 Critical Resources 3 5 aii 101 Failover Actions Single Points of Failure 0 0 cece eee 102 How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Card using SMH 103 How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH 44 107 5 Diagnostic Utilities Using Diagnostic Utilities 0 00 or 112 Before Using the Diagnostic Utilities oooooooooooooo ooo 114 x25check and AOS A di a dde 115 Contents Example 1 Running x25check Interactively No Parameters 115 Example 2 Running x25check With an X 121 Address oooooooo 117 Example 3 Running x25check With a Data Packet ooooooo o 117 K20S8tal ii IA A A A A AR OE tadas 118 Example 1 Displaying the Current Configurati0N ooo ocoooooomoo 118 Example 2 Displaying Global Statistics ooooooooooorororooooo 119 Example 3 Displaying Virtual Circuit Data Packet Counters 123 Example 4 Displaying Global X 25 Level 3 Statistics oooooo o 124 Example 5 Displaying X 25 Level 1 and 2 StatisticS oooooooo 124 Example 6 Displaying Virtual Circuit Status 0 0 0 cece ees 126 Example 7 Displaying Current IP to X 25 Address Mapping
79. Printers Server o 73 Contents Add Modify UUCP Server ccc cece eet e neat eenenes 73 Add Modify X 3 Parameters eee eens 74 Configuring the High Availability Feature 0 0 cee ee eee 76 X 25 Cluster Definition scere niidi oaa cee eee e een e nee TT X 25 Commands to be Configured in High Availability Packages 77 X 25 Package Definition ea ccc eee eee e eens 77 X 25 High Availability Configuration 0 0 eee nee 78 Checking the Configuration 79 Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 81 Unique MAC Address Requirement 0 cece eee eee eens 81 Local Extra A HE oe nye eee gp tS oe 82 Configuring XOL HA for Local Failover Without ServiceGuard 83 Remote Hail over fier sates ecg ce Risa esses kaha il Cala adage a AO A pee eae iba Cat NaN 86 Configuring XOL HA for Remote Failover Using Service Guard SG 86 XOL Cluster Definition 0 0 ce een nee nes 88 X 25 Commands Used in the SG Package Control Seripts 88 XOL Package Definition eo ysni e maaa a a eee eee es 89 Remote Failover with Local Failover Support Using Service Guard 91 Verifying the X25 LINK oere o ot id ata bi 96 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts IMtroduU cOn ti te ed olin hind e da Dad see date 98 Important Terms and Concepts 0 0 00 ccc cece ee eee e eens 99 Planning and
80. R Overview and Concepts How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Card using SMH Step 15 SMH completes the operation by reversing the sequence of actions That is SMH will a return power to the card slot and enables power to the Green LED b identify the new card C resume driver operations to the card Step 16 Connect the cables to the card 106 Chapter 4 NOTE Chapter 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH On line addition will recognize and claim the interface card only if the X 25 9000 software is already loaded on the system Also check if the appropriate J3525A drivers are loaded in the kernel Step 1 Read the information below in this step An understanding of this section is important in order for you to make the correct decision later in the procedure 1 Enter the SMH I O Cards area and look for a slot prior to inserting the card e You will see one or more entries marked empty slot one of which you will choose to house the new card e SMH will perform a Critical Resource Analysis prior to bringing the card on line Step 2 Start SMH Step 3 From the SMH Areas screen select Peripheral Devices Step 4 From the Peripheral Devices screen select Cards Step 5 From the 1 0 Cards screen view the list of available 1 O slots will read empty slot Select the slot you wish to use Ste
81. Remote Connection Succeeded If your system has multiple X 25 cards you may need to specify the particular interface in order for x25check to work properly For example to run x25check on the second port of the first card interface x25_0p2 you would use the following format x25check 250207 i interface0p2 ping command Run the ping command to check your IP over X 25 connection You can use either an IP address or the alias for the local node defined in the host s file The following example sends 6 packets of 100 bytes ping hpindla 100 n 6 PING hpindla 100 byte packets 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 1 time 321 ms 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 2 time 320 ms 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 3 time 319 ms 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 4 time 318 ms 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 5 time 320 ms 100 bytes from 15 128 131 152 icmp_seq 6 time 321 ms hpindla PING Statistics 6 packets transmitted 6 packets received 0 packet loss round trip ms min avg max 318 319 321 You can then check your IP over X 25 connection to a remote host using its IP address or alias If ping does not run successfully on the local node address refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting 80 Chapter 3 WARNING NOTE Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2
82. Socket buffer size 4096 default 400 VCs are used Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Installation Before You Install the Software TM 4096 x 3 2x3 x 1024 x 200 4096 x 3 2x 5 x 128 x 400 2 x 5120 TM 9 123 840 8 7 Mb Software Requirements Before installing the X 25 link product make sure that the software listed below has been correctly installed on your system Refer to the related publication if you need more information about any of these products If you cannot find the software or information you need contact your HP representative e HP UX operating system version 11i v3 see Installation and Update for HP Integrity Servers and HP 9000 servers e Internet Services see HP UX Internet Services Administrator s Guide HP UX 11i v8 27 Installation Installing the X 25 Link Software Step Step Step Step Step Step 28 Installing the X 25 Link Software Follow the steps below to install the X 25 link software Insert the software media tape or disk in the appropriate drive Type swinstall See the man page on swinstall for more information on this command Click on OK on the Specify Source window Highlight J2793B in the Software Selection dialog then select Mark For Install from the Actions menu to install all file sets in the bundle If you want to select only certain file sets double click on the product name to access the file sets th
83. acket Furthermore the local_x121 field entry must contain the complete address that is both the address and subaddress of the local interface If all of the above conditions are met the call is connected and x29server does the following parses the x29hosts file to find the first previously accepted pad_spt entry whose remote_x121 field matches the calling address contained in the call request packet and if there is a pty_slave_fname field in the selected pad_spt entry x29server verifies that the corresponding PTY master slave pair exists and is available If the last two items are completed successfully the call is accepted otherwise x29server rejects the call Chapter 6 NOTE pad_spt interface_nam PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server See the man pages for x29server for its syntax and parameters Supported Remote PAD Terminals e 700 41 700 92 700 94 700 22 e 23924 e 2393A e Vectra with AdvanceLink Terminal Emulation Configuring Remote PAD Support You can configure remote PAD support with SMH or by editing configurable parameters in the etc x25 x29hosts and etc x25 x3config files The x29hosts file contains general parameters for each remote device and the x3config file contains X 3 communications profile parameters for each device declared in the x29hosts file See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for examples of the x29hosts and x3config files Configuri
84. acket sent DATA packet received The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 311 ms Transit time 120 ms Remote Connection Succeeded Do you want to run the test once again y n gt y Initialization of the test Do you want to send only a CALL packet no DATA y n gt y Enter the X 121 Address of the remote node 250207 gt 2502059 Enter the programmatic access name through which you want to check interface20 gt interface3 Unable to Connect to Remote Node 116 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25check and x25server VC_CLEAR Packet was received with CAUSE 0 DTE Originated DIAG 245 Cannot Interpret Diagnostic Code Example 2 Running x25check With an X 121 Address In the example below the destination X 121 address of the destination node is specified as a parameter to x25check This example shows a successful test and assumes the closed_user_group to be 51 x25check 250207 i interface0 g 51 X25CHECK c COPYRIGHT Hewlett Packard Company 1988 Test Starts on Wed Dec 8 09 15 01 1993 Initialization of the test CALL packet sent The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 267 ms Remote Connection Succeeded Example 3 Running x25check With a Data Packet In this example a DATA packet is sent following the CALL packet The size of the DATA packet in octets and the number of DATA packets to be sent are specified in addition to
85. addresses local_x121 Optional Specified with a maximum of 16 digits no wildcards allowed This must be the complete address including both the subscription address of the interface and a subaddress The complete address protects the interface from being activated by calls arriving at other addresses pty_slave _fname Optional Specifies the file containing the name of the slave PTY driver that will provide terminal services for user applications The name of this file maximum 14 characters must begin with pt y format pty filename and the file must be located in the dev pty directory Chapter 6 Chapter 6 logging PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server The name of the corresponding master PTY driver must also exist in a file beginning with pt ym format ptym filename located in the dev ptym directory Wildcards are not allowed in these file and path names If the pty_slave_fname field contains an entry x29server considers any communication initiated by this entry to be restricted to exclusive use by the TTY PTY master slave pair The call is refused if the TTY PTY pair does not exist is already in use or cannot be accessed permission should be set to 666 Optional Specifies the logging level for each call Log information is stored in the file var x25 109 x29server x29l0gXXXXX where XXXXX is the process ID of the current x29server child process Logging can be at levels 0 1
86. ailover The 83 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 X 25 connection must be re established on the XOL interface When the card lan0 comes up later it is configured with the factory default MAC address Figure 3 14 After the Failover KOT Active Standby uMAC gt unique MAC address provided by user LAN Network To configure XOL local failover complete the following steps NOTE The XOL HA feature is enabled by default in HP UX 11i v3 Therefore the enableXOLHA option is no longer required 84 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 Step 1 To configure the standby device and the unique MAC address in the NOTE Example 3 5 standby_device configuration file of the XOL primary interface modify the following syntax Standby_device lt standby LAN card name gt used for local failover XOL_floating_macaddr lt unique MAC address gt Local failover is automatically enabled by defining a standby_device in the configuration file If you do not require the local failover feature for this interface you must de configure the standby_device by removing or commenting the line in the configuration file The standby XOL interface inherits the configuration of the primary XOL interface during failover because the same configuration file is used to configure the XOL interface Configuring Standby Device and Unique MAC
87. al Failover support The following two entries must be added to the LLC2 configuration file standby_device lan2 lan2 is standby LAN XOL_floating_macaddr Ox0060BOA4EBE5 Unique MAC address in the subnet Chapter 3 The SG package file that contains the X 25 commands is etc cmcluster pkg control sh file one per XOL package 93 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 SERVICE NAMES AND COMMANDS SERVICE_NAME 0 pkgl Service_Name_01 same SERVICE_NAME as in pkg conf SERVICE_CMD 0 usr sbin x25HAmonitor c x25config_llc2 L llc2_conf_def m SERVICE_RESTART 0 Unique MAC address in the subnet LAN segment which is not in use This will be the Active MAC address on the active node in the cluster Supplied_MAC 0x0060BOA4EBE5 START OF CUSTOMER DEFINED FUNCTIONS function customer_defined_run_cmds START of customer defined run commands usr sbin x25stop d dev x25_110 primary lan PPA is 1 and XOL_logical_port_id is 0 sleep 2 usr sbin lanadmin A Supplied_MAC 1 usr sbin x25init c etc x25 x25config_11c2_1 L etc x25 11c2_conf_def sleep 5 Check and stop the x25HAmonitor if already running This is needed as Service Guard monitor starts the monitor later PID usr bin ls var x25 tmp x25HAmonitor_110 usr bin awk F print SL PROC_NAME usr bin ps e usr bin grep PID usr bin awk print 4 if S PRO
88. an use ping to verify connections if the remote host e is operational Chapter 8 e has X 25 initialized Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link e is compatible with IP and ICMP protocols e and has an entry for your node in its map table can map your IP address to your X 121 address If you still experience problems ask the remote host System Administrator to check the IP over X 25 configuration on the remote side of the connection Figure 8 5 Flowchart 5 IP Over X 25 Check C Start gt Use ping See Note 5 1 No 0 packet loss a Exit Check your IP over X 25 configuration and make any necessary corrections See Note 5 2 Chapter 8 207 Troubleshooting Recovering From a Power Failure 208 Recovering From a Power Failure For Systems With a Backup Power Supply If your site is equipped with a backup power supply system memory will be preserved in the event of power failure However because your X 25 hardware does not have backup capability any on board RAM based memory is lost Recovery from a power failure is automatic when the etc powerfail script is invoked by etc inittab Otherwise SMH or x25init must be used to manually re initialize the interface after a power failure The recovery mechanism informs the X 25 driver of the power failure The X 25 driver then marks the interface as down and a DISCON
89. apter 8 Troubleshooting for more information on this file x25_networks Contains information describing several canonical network types The listing for this file is shown later in this chapter This file is read only etc directory hosts Associates Internet addresses with official host names and aliases See the man page for hosts hosts equiv Security file which authorizes remote hosts and optional users on local host See the man page for hosts equiv Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples X 25 Configuration Files Table B 2 ete directory Continued networks Contains information regarding known networks Table B 3 var x25 log x25server directory x25server log Log file of output from x25server process Table B 4 var x25 log directory x25init log Log file of output from x25init command Table B 5 Home directory rhosts Security file which authorizes remote hosts and optional users on local host See the man page for hosts equiv netra Contains login and initialization information optional used by the ftp auto login process See the man page for net rc Appendix B 227 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Table B 6 228 Example Files This section provides example file listings for of the x25init_def x_25init_smpl x3config x29hosts and x25_networks files The x25init_def File Like
90. arameters 16 17 and 18 128 Do not echo NUL SO SI DLE DC1 DC4 SYN CAN EM SUB FS GS RS US and DEL The values above may be combined by specifying the sum of the values For example specifying 3 is the same as specifying 1 and 2 This parameter is available only for networks using the 1984 or 1988 standards X 3 Parameter Description 21 Parity Specifies how parity should be treated The possible values are shown below Value Meaning 0 No parity checking or generation 1 Parity checking 2 Parity generation Chapter 6 173 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Table 6 15 NOTE Table 6 16 174 Continued 3 Parity checking or generation This parameter is available only for networks using the 1984 or 1988 standards X 3 Parameter Description 22 Number of Chars Before Page Wait Indicates whether an end of page wait should occur and if so the number of lines per page The range is 0 through 255 This parameter is available only for networks using the 1984 standard Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities 175 Tracing and Logging Utilities Introduction Introduction This chapter describes the use of the X 25 tracing and logging utilities provided with your X 25 link These utilities are briefly described in the following table Refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting if
91. arbitrary values for the MAC addresses and lan ids is as shown Chapter 3 65 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 Figure 3 12 Two Lans One Box per Lan configuration MAC Address 0x080009DBEA7 HOST BSD name BSD name Interface0 lano lanl Interfacel MAC Address MAC Address BOX 0 0xo80009411371 BOX 1 oxog0000047234 To Configure Host to LANO to Box0 To configure the Host to LAN 0 BOX 0 communication the following configuration files need to be created e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_lan_0_box_0 e LLC2 configuration file llc2_lan_0_lan_1 The x25_lan 0_box_0 file will contain all the level 3 and level2 parameters It also contains the following entries device lan0 XOL_logical_port_id 1 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009411371 XOL_DSAP 0x70 XOL_SSAP 0x70 66 Chapter 3 lan0 lanl device lanl Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 The LLC2 configuration file 1lc2_lan_0_lan_1 will have the following entires 1 1 To configure Host to LAN 1 to BOX 1 To configure the Host to LAN 1 to BOX 1communication the following configuration file need to be created e X 25 generic configuration file x25_lan_1_box_1 e LLC2 configuration file l1lc2_2 lan_0_lan_1 The x25_lan_1_box_1 file is created in the etc x25 directory It will contain all the level 2 and level 3 parameters It will also contain the following entries XOL_logical_port_id 1 XOL_d
92. ard 112 Chapter 5 Figure 5 1 Scope of X 25 Diagnostic Utilities User Written Programs OSI Services OTS 90 00 Berkeley IPC Programmatic Access OTS to PLP Translator X 25 Packet Level LAP B Diagnostic Utilities Using Diagnostic Utilities x2 Sstat options x25check x25server PSIDAD X 21bis or V 35 or RS 449 or RS 530 or RS 232 Chapter 5 modem switch netstat options 113 Diagnostic Utilities Before Using the Diagnostic Utilities Before Using the Diagnostic Utilities Some of the diagnostic utilities request or display information about the X 25 interface card using one or more of the naming conventions described below Keep these conventions in mind when using the diagnostic utilities e the name of the device file uses the format x25_npx where n represents the card instance number 0 to 15 For systems with multi port cards only the pis a mandatory place holder and x represents the port interface number either 1 or 4 e the programmatic access name for example interfacenpx e the X 25 interface name used by netstat uses the format x25_npx where n represents the card instance number 0 to 15 For systems with multi port cards only the pis a mandatory place holder and the x represents the port interface number either 1 or 4 The interrupt signal is often used to terminate
93. art and stop above configuration Starting Execute the following commands at the command prompt x25init c x25_box_0_host L 1lc2_lan_2 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands x25stop d lan2 L 0 stop XOL interface with logical port id 0 on lan2 To Connect Box 1 to HOST To implement the above configuration the following configuration files need to be created on the BOX 1 e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_box_1_host e LLC2 configuration file llc2_lan_3 68 Chapter 3 device lan3 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 The generic X25 configuration file has to be created in the etc x25 directory using the example configuration file etc x25 x25init_llc2_smpl The file x25_box_0_host should contain all the mandatory level 2 and level 3 parameters Along with them it should contain the following entries XOL_logical_port_id 0 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009DBEA7 XOL_DSAP Ox7E XOL_SSAP Ox7E lan3 x25init c x25stop d Chapter 3 The LLC2 specific configuration file llc2_lan_2 is created in the etc x25 directory with the following entries 1 To start and stop above configuration Starting Execute the following commands at the command prompt x25_box_0_host L 11c2_lan_3 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands lan3 L 0 stop XOL interface having logical port id 0 on lan3 Troubleshooting LLC2 Configuration Symptom Una
94. assed for CLEAR REQUEST 51 CLEAR Timer expired RESET CONFIRM not received within T22 RESET for RESET time limit set at approximately 180 seconds INDICATION after transmission of RESET REQUEST After or DTE timer a certain number of RESET retries the system expired or places logical channel in state D1 Flow retransmission Control Ready if PVC or in state P6 DTE count surpassed Request by sending CLEAR REQUEST if for RESET SVC REQUEST Count of RESET retries has been surpassed CLEAR REQUEST has been sent 52 RESTART Timer expired RESTART CONFIRM not received within T20 for RESTART time limit set at approximately 180 seconds INDICATION after transmission of RESTART REQUEST tor DIE smer SABM frame received while in state R2 DTE ERPE RO RESTART REQUEST RESTART REQUEST retransmission E E is transmitted count surpassed for RESTART REQUEST Table C 5 Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem Diagnostic Eaa tion Explanation Appendix C 247 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 5 248 Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem Continued 65 CLEAR Facility registration code not allowed Packet size negotiation Window Size Negotiation or Throughput Class Negotiation facility codes found in the facility field of the call setup packet when corresponding negotiation had not been configured In CALL REQUEST condition results in error returned to
95. at you want to mark for installation each time you double click you go down one level in the bundle structure When you have marked the product components you want to install select Install analysis from the Actions menu When you have successfully completed the analysis click on OK from the Analysis dialog to load the X 25 file sets The swinstall utility loads the file sets runs the customized scripts for the file set and builds the kernel Estimated time for processing 8 to 10 minutes If the kernel build is not successful the swinstall program returns you to a new shell The cause of the failure will appear at the end of the var adm sw swinstall log file Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Configuration 29 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link NOTE 30 Step 1 Configuring the X 25 Link This section describes how to configure your X 25 link using HP System Management Homepage SMH HP SMH provides Graphical User Interface GUI Terminal User Interface TUI and Command Line Interface CLI for managing HP UX You can access these interfaces using the smh command usr sbin smh If the DISPLAY environment variable is set HP SMH opens in the default web browser If the DISPLAY environment variable is not set HP SMH opens in the TUI For more information see the HP UX 11i v3 release notes and the SMH product online help In SMH the term card refers to a particular X 25 inte
96. ation closed or shut down socket and did normal not specify cause diagnostic combination to be used on socket This is the default If available application specified cause diagnostic combination is used This is not an error condition 242 CLEAR Disconnection Application using a socket supporting virtual abnormal connection crashed Diagnostic along with a cause code of 0 is used regardless of setting of cause diagnostic combination Related to x29server process 243 CLEAR Disconnection Application closed or shut down socket because Incompatible of incompatible information in the user data info in user data field Related to the x29server process 244 CLEAR Connection Application rejected the CALL for an unspecified rejection reason No listen socket was found Related to Reason the x29server process unspecified transient condition 245 CLEAR Connection Application rejected the CALL for an unspecified rejection reason No listen socket was found Related to Reason the x29server process unspecified permanent condition 248 CLEAR Connection Application closed or shutdown socket because of rejection a problem with the user data information Incompatible Related to the x29server process info in user data Appendix C 255 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 10 Higher Level Initiated Continued 250 RESET Reset User re PVC is claimed by programmatic
97. bes the diagnostic codes and messages which are a subset of the list defined by the International Standards Organization ISO in 1S 8202 1987 E Only those diagnostics supported on X 25 for HP 9000 systems are listed Each message is listed in numerical order by its diagnostic code and includes an ISO description and explanation Refer to Appendix D of the X 25 PSN Connection for a complete list of diagnostic codes and messages and to ISO IS 8202 1987 E for a list of the corresponding cause codes and messages 240 Appendix C Diagnostic Messages Diagnostic Message Example Diagnostic Message Example An example diagnostic message generated by the network from a CLEAR REQUEST packet is shown below Clear request LCGN 0 LCN 32 Clearing Cause 0 DTE originated Diagnostic 241 Appendix C In the example above LCGN is the Logical Channel Group Number and LCN is the Logical Channel Number the number denoting the logical association between a DTE and DTE connected by a VC Refer to the discussion below for more information on cause codes Diagnostic codes are generated by the network and may appear in octet 5 of RESTART INDICATION RESET INDICATION or CLEAR INDICATION packets If a diagnostic field is not present in a CLEAR INDICATION or RESET INDICATION packet 0 is returned as the diagnostic code A cause code and message is usually returned from the network with each diagnostic Diagnostic codes and messages are usual
98. ble to connect to the remote node Causes e Hardware address of the remote node is wrongly configured in the configuration file e The SAP value is incorrectly configured e The LCI value is incorrectly configured Action 69 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 e Check the remote node s hardware address using lanscan Use the same hardware address in the generic X 25 configuration file If you modify the hardware address to correct the error then re initialize the card using x251nit e Ifthe nodes are connected back to back check if the SAP s are identical for both the nodes in the generic X 25 configuration file e If the nodes are connected back to back and one of the machines is configured for inbound connections only and the other machine is configured for outbound connections only then the starting LCI for both the nodes must be identical in the generic X 25 configuration file 70 Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Configuration Configuring PAD Services Configuring PAD Services This section contains step by step instructions for configuring PAD services Skip this section if you don t need to configure PAD services The procedures in this section are optional Your X 25 link software does not require you to configure PAD services You can use SMH to add or modify the following e PAD terminal emulation local to remote e PAD support server remote to local e PAD printer ser
99. cation D3 Packet Not Allowed ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 33 RESTART Unidentifiable Packet that cannot be identified 3rd byte of the CLEAR packet level 2 information field not defined in CCITT RESET X 25 Recommendation received REJECT or REGISTRATION packet received 34 CLEAR Call on one way If configured as DTE CALL INDICATION logical channel received with logical channel identifier LCI corresponding to one way logical channel outgoing If configured as DCE DXE CALL INDICATION received with logical channel identifier LCI corresponding to one way logical channel incoming 38 RESTART Packet too Received packet is less than minimum length It CLEAR short may be a CALL INDICATION packet without RESET address length or facility length fields CLEAR or RESET INDICATION without cause field or the packet length may be insufficient to hold address or facility fields Appendix C 245 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 3 Packet Not Allowed Continued 39 RESTART Packet too long Received packet exceeds maximum length The CLEAR packet may be larger than allowed by the RESET configuration and negotiations i e fast select or contain a field i e call clear user data that is larger than the allowed size 41 RESTART RESTART or RESTART REQUEST sent because RESTART CLEAR REGISTRA INDICATION arrived with logical
100. channel RESET TION packet identifier other than 0 with non zero LCI 42 CLEAR Packet type not CALL ACCEPTED or CONFIRMATION packet compatible received when CALL INDICATION or with facility REQUEST had fast select with restriction on response facility 43 RESET Unauthorized INTERRUPT CONFIRM packet received when interrupt no matching INTERRUPT had been sent confirmation 44 RESET Unauthorized Sequence of two INTERRUPT INDICATIONs interrupt received and system sent no INTERRUPT CONFIRMATION packet Table C 4 Timer Expired 3 ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 48 CLEAR Timer expired IP circuit is disconnected because it was generic inactive for more than the configured minimum time limit and the system must free the circuit to complete CALL REQUEST 49 CLEAR Timer expired CALL CONFIRM not received within the T21 for INCOMING time limit set at approximately 200 seconds CALL or DTE after transmission of CALL REQUEST timer expired for CALL REQUEST 246 Appendix C Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 4 Timer Expired Continued 50 CLEAR Timer expired CLEAR CONFIRM not received within T23 for CLEAR time limit set at approximately 180 seconds INDICATION after transmission of CLEAR REQUEST After or DTE timer a certain number of CLEAR retries system expired or places logical channel in state P1 Ready retransmission count surp
101. cility length field If this condition is detected in the CALL REQUEST packet it produces an error instead of a CLEAR System could not add negotiation facilities without the facility field becoming larger than allowed by the configured revision level of the CCITT X 25 Recommendation 63 for 1980 109 for 1984 This can happen only if the configured negotiation facility codes are not present in the facility field 70 CLEAR Incoming call barred Configuration and status of interface disallows the opening of new inbound connection 71 CLEAR No logical channel available No VC suitable for placing a connection in READY P1 state Generated when CALL REQUEST cannot be completed successfully ENOSPC was returned to the caller if condition was detected in synchronous manner The number of internal connections prohibits new connections being allocated for CALL INDICATION 72 CLEAR Call collision When configured as DCE CALL INDICATION was received on logical channel where CALL REQUEST had been sent CALL REQUEST was cleared because the CALL INDICATION has priority 250 Appendix C Table C 5 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 6 Table C 7 Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem Continued 73 CLEAR Duplicate Same facility code appeared twice in the facility facility field Error is returned to caller if condi
102. cing CALL rejection INDICATION X 25 subsystem is down when NSAP X 25 to IP subsystem is servicing CALL unreachable INDICATION transient condition 232 CLEAR Connection CALL INDICATION with first byte of call user rejection data other than CC hex received on system NSAP which does not have X 25 9000 programmatic unreachable access configured in kernel permanent condition 233 RESET Reset Cause unspecified Message sequence of packets with the M bit set followed by packet with M bit not set received and size exceeds maximum size allowed by application for inbound data message Corresponds to specific out of band event delivered to user Data was received on VC without a user that is an IP or programmatic access application X 25 subsystem was down when X 25 to IP subsystem serviced incoming DATA on permanent VC 234 RESET Reset Congestion Error returned to the application due to network congestion condition 235 CLEAR NSAP address unknown CALL INDICATION was received with unknown NSAP address first byte of call user data 251 RESET Reset Cause System failed to synchronize data transfer to unspecified interface Table C 10 Higher Level Initiated 3 ISO i Diagnostic Description Explanation 254 Appendix C Table C 10 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Higher Level Initiated Continued 241 CLEAR Disconnection Applic
103. cket_size and window_size fields Example 15 128 174 04 12345 URC ARC 30 0 0 2 34567 URC ARC device x25_0 256 7 In this example a card has been configured with a device equal to x25_0 a packet size of 256 and a window size of 7 You can then use the gated or route add command to send datagrams to the IP address 30 0 0 2 routed through your X 25 network to the address 34567 These packets will be sent out through the X 25 card that corresponds to the deveice x 25_0 File Mapping Parameters IP_address Specifies a valid IP address in standard dot notation form Treat where nis a number from 0 to 255 inclusive X 121_address Specifies the corresponding X 121 address for the host with the above IP address pvc n Specifies which permanent virtual circuit should be used for the X 121 destination The value pvc is a keyword set to n which is an integer variable indicating the lci of the permanent virtual circuit This keyword variable pair is specified only when a permanent virtual circuit is to be used for IP access When it is not specified the default value of a two way SVC is assumed The following information is provided for reference only Chapter 8 NOTE Chapter 8 prog_access _name URC URC ARC ARC Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands Because pvc describes a permanent circuit for a particular interface that interface must have been initialized prior
104. ction because a function must contain at least one command x25init c etc x25 x25config_1 a etc x25 ip_to_x121_map sleep 5 test_return 51 function customer_defined_halt_cmds ADD customer defined halt commands do nothing instruction because a function must contain some command stopping the specific X 25 card means the signal modem will be down x25stop d dev x25_1 test_return 52 Checking the Configuration Check that your configuration is correct using x25server x25check and ping x25server Run the x25server command This starts a background process that waits for packets from an x25check command and sends a reply x25check Execute the x25check command using your X 121 address x25check 250207 X25CHECK c COPYRIGHT Hewlett Packard Company 1988 Test Starts on Wed Dec 8 09 15 01 1993 Initialization of the test CALL packet sent The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 267 ms Remote Connection Succeeded Execute the x25check command again but this time with data packets Chapter 3 79 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature S x25check 250207 s 32 n 1 X25CHECK c COPYRIGHT Hewlett Packard Company 1988 Test Starts on Wed Dec 8 09 15 47 1993 Initialization of the test CALL packet sent DATA packet sent DATA packet received The following figures have been measured on the network Set up time 286 ms Transit time 245 ms
105. d Concepts How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Card using SMH The cables must be removed from the PCI I O card before proceeding with the OLR operation Once you click the OK button on the Analyze Critical Resources screen SMH begins to take the selected card out of service SMH requests a suspend operation for the driver of the selected card Once the drivers are suspended SMH turns off the power to the slot in which the card is located SMH then illuminates the amber attention LED on the slot itself to make the suspended card more easily locatable on the system chassis SMH now requests that the card be replaced via a dialog box Read the contents of this dialog for any extra information Expansion cabinets warnings etc Also at this point SMH turns off the slot s green power LED Replace the target card Please refer to your system manual for removal and insertion of the PCI I O cards Do not connect the cables to the card at this point At this point the amber LED should still be be activated and the green power LED should still be off Return to the console and click the OK button on the Replace Card dialog Pressing the Cancel button here will prevent you from easily restoring power to this slot or Power Domain If this happens you must shut down then re boot the system to restore power Once you click OK SMH first resets the attention LED to it s normal state 105 OLA
106. d Descriptions Packet Size Inbound amp Outbound Maximum packet size to be used over a PVC The range is 16 through 4096 octets The default is 128 for inbound and outbound packets Use the value given on your subscription form Window Size Inbound amp Outbound Maximum number of packets that can be transmitted without acknowledgment over a PVC The range is 1 through 7 for Modulo 8 and 1 through 127 for Modulo 128 We recommend a value greater than 7 for Modulo 128 The default is 2 for inbound and outbound transmission Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Step 5 Click on Modify Throughput Class Settings to modify Switched and Figure 3 7 Permanent VC throughput class settings The following dialog appears Modify X 25 Throughput Class Defaults epeire Inbound ound utbou Class Speed bps Class Speed bps Switched VC Default 11 19200 11 19200 Fa Switched VC Negotiated 11 19200 11 19200 ra Restore Defaults Step 6 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions Table 3 9 Chapter 3 below Modify Throughput Class Settings Field Descriptions Switched VC CCITT class number If Throughput Class Default Inbound negotiation is disabled this value replaces the and Outbound Switched VC Negotiated field value The range is 3 through 13 and the default is 11 See the table after these fiel
107. d Preparation For the most part SMH prevents you from performing OLA R procedures that would adversly affect other areas of the server This section provides you with important information that can help minimize errors or problems when performing OLA R procedures Card Compatibility On Line Addition When on line adding an interface card the first issue that must be resolved is whether the new card is compatible with the system Each OLA R capable PCI slot provides a set amount of power The replacement card cannot draw more power than is available The card must also operate at the slot s bus frequency A PCI card must run at any frequency lower than its maximum capability but a card that could only operate at 33 MHz would not work on a bus running at 66 MHz rad provides information about the bus frequency and power available at a slot as well as other slot related data On Line Replacement When on line replacing an interface card the replacement card must be identical to the card being replaced This is referred to as like for like replacement and should be adhered to because using a similar but not identical card may cause unpredictable results For example a newer version of the target card which is identical in terms of hardware may contain an updated firmware version that could potentially conflict with the current driver The PCI specification allows a single physical card to contain more than one function A single funct
108. d descriptions listing the CCITT class numbers and the corresponding line speed Baud rate Use the value given on your subscription form 43 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Table 3 9 Modify Throughput Class Settings Field Descriptions Switched VC CCITT class number If Throughput Class Negotiated negotiation is enabled this value is used as the Inbound and opening bid for outbound calls and as a counter Outbound offer when the inbound opening bid is higher The range is 3 through 13 and the default is 11 See the table below for CCITT class numbers and corresponding line speed Baud rate Use the value given on your subscription form Table 3 10 Throughput Classes and Line Speeds CCITT class number Line speed Baud rate bps 3 75 4 150 5 300 6 600 7 1200 8 2400 9 4800 10 9600 11 19200 12 48000 13 64000 44 Step 7 Click on OK to return to the Configure X 25 Card window when you have finished verifying level 3 values Verifying Level 2 Values Follow the steps below to verify level 2 values Chapter 3 NOTE Step 1 Figure 3 8 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link If you subscribe to a public network the network provider will provide the appropriate settings for all level 2 parameters These settings will differ depending on the network provider and the type of service to which you subscribe Refer to your
109. d descriptions of the X 3 parameters Chapter 3 NOTE Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring PAD Services The X 3 values that you configure here are initially downloaded to the PAD As the terminal characteristics of your session change the X 25 software automatically downloads new values for certain parameters Do not be alarmed if the values of some parameters are different from the values you initially specified At the SMH main window highlight Networking and Communications and select Open Item from the Actions menu At the Networking and Communications window highlight X 25 PAD Services and select Open Item from the Actions menu Highlight X 3 Sets of Parameters and select Open Item from the Actions menu SMH displays an object list showing all X 3 sets or profiles currently configured Select Add from the Actions menu to configure an unlisted X 3 set or highlight an X 3 set from the list and select Modi fy When you select Add SMH displays the Set X 3 Default Values dialog This dialog lets you set defaults for PAD terminal emulation PAD support server PAD printers server or PAD UUCP server Enter or modify field values as required Click on Help for information and instructions for each field A full description of X 3 parameters are provided in Chapter 6 PAD Services Click on Apply to apply the new setti
110. d for call setup There is no default for this entry This name must match the programmatic access name also called name specified in the x25init X 25 configuration file Mandatory no default This is the X 121 address of the PAD device plus the subaddress of the printer This address is required for calls to be initiated Only digits 0 through 9 are legal Optional This is the Call User Data CUD appended to the protocol ID 0x01000000 for any call request packets sent to this printer Only strings of 12 characters or less are permitted Optional This is the Call User Group CUG that will be allowed access to the printer Only integers are permitted Optional default 1 This is the logging level used for each printer device Printer device logging can be set to 0 1 2 or 3 where the respective values are 0 No logging do not create a log file 1 Minimum session error logging 2 Error and warning logging 3 Error warning information and status logging HP recommends logging level 0 or 1 for normal operation Logging levels 2 and 3 should only be used for troubleshooting for short periods of time Logging messages for x29printd provide descriptions of what the messages mean and the actions required to correct any errors that may occur The log file is written to var x25 log x29printd device_name child_process_id reverse_charge Optional default disabled Specifies the reverse 14
111. der of their slot number Highlight the X 25 device that you want to configure on the object list and select Configure from the Actions menu or double click the device you want The Configure X 25 Software window displays If you are modifying a device that is already configured the window is entitled Configure X 25 Card Refer to Appendix A Using Non English Subscription Forms for the English equivalents of the French Italian German and Spanish fields that appear on non English subscription forms Using SMH s On line Help The SMH on line Help provides information descriptions formatting and ranges for all fields You can access the SMH on line Help system by e Clicking on the Help button in a dialog or message box to display information about how to use the dialog or about the message e Pressing F1 to display information about the object selected by the cursor for example a data entry field e Selecting an item from the Help menu located on the menu bar You can display information about the current SMH dialog keyboard navigation within SMH using the SMH Help system and the version of SMH you are currently running 31 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Configuring an X 25 Address Follow the steps below to configure an X 25 address Step 1 From the Configure X 25 Software window select Configure X 25 Address The following dialog appears Figure 3 1
112. e in the X 25 configuration file Optional Specifies the logging level that applies to all calls made during this session The log file is SHOME plog aXXXXX where the last five characters are from the process ID of padem If this parameter is not specified the logging level is set to the default level of 0 no logging Logging levels are 1 error logging 2 error and warning logging 3 error warning information and status logging reverse_charge Optional Specifies the reverse charge option for call profile host_tablef setup Possible settings are disabled or disable and enabled or enable The default value is disabled When reverse charge is enabled padem sends a reverse charge request with all call request packets Optional Describes the X 3 configuration for the login session The X 3 default values are defined in the code programmatically and cannot be altered by users These default parameters comply with the 1984 profile 0 specification for a PAD device If profile X is in x29hosts and profile Y X is in x3config padem uses profile X If there is no profile in x29hosts and x3config contains profile 0 padem uses profile 0 In all other cases padem uses the hard coded default values padem only operates in line mode for X 3 configuration Optional Defines symbolic host names for remote X 121 addresses The first entry defines the symbolic name and the second entry is the remote X 121 addres
113. e application and cud fields do not appear in the pad_spt file the bin login default program is automatically launched 138 Chapter 6 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd CAUTION 139 Use extreme caution when specifying applications other than the default login application Since the x29server process is started with superuser privileges it gives root privileges to applications triggered by incoming calls You can automatically launch a user application by e configuring the application field with the relevant application name as its value without specifying the cud field The application name must be the full path name of the application to be launched e configuring the application field with the application name and setting the cud field to yes In this case the cudfield is considered as the argument to the application The application name must be the full path name of the application to be launched e not including the application field and setting the cud field to yes This allows the application to be defined by the incoming Call Request Packet The first four bytes of the CUD field in call request packets are NOT part of the application s full path name The first four bytes are used for protocol ID as explained in the section Call acceptance mechanism and system security Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd Overview The x29printd user level program provides support for pr
114. e primary LAN card This failover succeeds only if the primary LAN card is back UP and operational Otherwise the XOL interface goes down For more information on how to use this local failover functionality see Configuring XOL HA for Local Failover Without ServiceGuard on page 83 82 Chapter 3 Figure 3 13 Lan0 UMAC Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 Configuring XOL HA for Local Failover Without ServiceGuard In Figure 3 13 system A has two LAN cards namely lan0 the primary LAN card and lanl the standby LAN card The standby LAN card provides local failover for the XOL interface with X 121 address 1111 The user supplied unique MAC address that is specified in the XOL configuration file as a value for the field XOL_floating_macaddr for that LAN segment is uMAC The XOL interface with X 121 address 1111 is brought up on lan0 on system A uMAC is automatically assigned to lan0 on system A when the XOL interface is initialized Before the Failover Legends ETE uMAC gt unique MAC address provided by user LAN Network When the lan0 the primary LAN card fails the XOL interface stops on lan0 and a XOL interface is brought up automatically on lan1 the standby LAN card on system A using the same configuration file An attempt is made to configure lan0 with the factory default MAC address and uMAC is assigned to lan1 on system A during the local f
115. eds to be configured X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Mandatory Parameters virtual circuit parameters start num 1 4095 type how many PVC incoming two way or outgoing SVC 5 permanent VCs starting at LCI 1 5 one way incoming SVCs starting at LCI 255 6 two way switched SVCs starting at LCI 2048 6 one way outgoing SVCs starting at LCI 3072 CCITT 1984 DTE see etc x25 x25_networks disallow incoming calls with call user data disallow incoming calls requesting reverse changes default packetsize default packetsize default window size default window size default thruput class default thruput class flow control negotiation not allowed offered pkt size if using flow control negotiation offered pkt size if using flow control negotiation offered wndw size if using flow control negotiation offered wndw size if using flow control negotiation 229 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Table B 6 230 Continued neg_inthruputclass offered thruput class if using thruput 19200 class negotiation offered thruput class if using thruput neg_outthruputclass class negotiation 19200 pvc_inpacketsize 128 packetsize for PVCs pvc_outpacketsize 128 packetsize for PVCs pvc_inwindow 2 window size for PVCs pvc_outwindow 2 window size for PVCs These set of parameters are specified only if you wish to run IP over X 25 IP Related Parameters IP 15 4 64
116. eived and fast select is not configured Results in error when detected on CALL REQUEST 225 CLEAR Disconnection X 25 subsystem is down when X 25 9000 to IP transient subsystem is servicing CALL CONFIRMATION condition or incoming DATA OSI Network Service Problem A ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 227 CLEAR Connection Due to internal constraints at high levels other rejection than lack of network memory CALL Cause INDICATION cannot be serviced unspecified transient condition 224 CLEAR OSI Network OSI network service not operational RESET Service problem 228 CLEAR Connection X 25 to IP subsystem clears incoming CALL rejection INDICATION which has calling address not Reason present in IP to X 121 mapping table If call were unspecified accepted circuit would be half duplex enabling Permanent remote node to send and receive while local host condition would only be able to receive When X 25 IP Transient output routine has data addressed to remote condition node it must be able to map the IP address to the X 121 address If it cannot do so the IP packet is discarded Clearing the INCOMING CALL when the remote s X 121 address is not in the map table prevents a half duplex circuit from being established Appendix C 253 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 9 OSI Network Service Problem Continued 231 CLEAR Connection No listen socket capable of servi
117. ejected for that IP X 121 address pair Check is done via IP to X 121 address map table CALL INDICATION with reverse charge requested has been received by IP and no entry in the IP to X 121 address map table exists for this X 121 address Internal problem which may be generated by components of X 25 9000 architecture 161 DTE Level 2 is coming up or a SABM frame is RESTART operational received System sends RESTART REQUEST indicating host is up 162 CLEAR DTE not Either level 3 or level 2 detected as down RESET operational Request delivered when network interface was not operational Condition usually results in an error returned to the application instead of CLEAR Diagnostic is used when RESTART INDICATION has been received by interface Interface is going down RESTART REQUEST was sent on network 163 CLEAR DTE resource Lack of memory to establish reset or clear a call RESET constraint to process data expedite data or acknowledgments or to perform internal operation This may indicate lack of network memory or resource constraints on card When resource constraint appears on connected circuit CLEAR will be sent only if no recovery is possible 252 Appendix C Table C 8 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 9 DTE Specific Signals Continued 164 CLEAR Fast select not CALL INDICATION requiring fast select facility subscribed has been rec
118. en created and should contain information on the configuration of dev x29 x29printerl e var x25 l10g x2 printd x29 printd log should not contain any configuration error messages Chapter 6 145 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd NOTE 146 UUCP Support x29uucpd Overview x29uucpd provides UUCP connectivity on X 25 networks using CCITT Recommendations X 3 and X 29 With x29uucpd users on HP 9000 host systems with X 25 access and UUCP can execute UUCP subsystem commands to other systems running X 25 PAD support and UUCP x29uucpd interfaces with the X 25 subsystem through BSD Sockets to initiate call request packets to remote systems on X 25 When a call request arrives at a destination system it is received by the PAD support service x29uucpd creates device files in the dev x29 directory The device files must be configured in the UUCP subsystem in order for UUCP to interface with x29uucpd The x29uucpd user level program provides support for UUCP file transfers It accesses X 25 level 3 through Berkeley Sockets programmatic interface and uses PTY pairs for the terminal interface to UUCP see the following illustration Chapter 6 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd Figure 6 6 Remote Printer Support Sending HP 9000 Receiving HP 9000 User Level User Level uucico UUCP x29uucpd x29server Slave Pseudo L Pseudo terminal X 25
119. en you want both the packet header AND the data displayed entity e file f card c You can specify masks separately or combine them into a single number For example to enable tracing for both pduin and pduout all packets coming in and out of the node use the value 0x30000000 Enter e SX25L2 for level 2 tracing or e SX25L3 for level 3 tracing Use this option to specify an output file for tracing information mandatory unless tracing has already been started on another interface Use the traceon option the first time you run nett1 to specify an output file The TRCX suffix is automatically appended to the output file where X starts at 0 and changes to 1 when the file becomes full Traces are always written to the TRCO file This option is required with the traceon command to specify the X 25 subsystem interface port name The X 25 device is specified with x25_npx which identifies the interface defined in your X 25 configuration file 179 Tracing and Logging Utilities nettl NOTE The device file must be called x25_npx where n represents the mandatory card instance number range 0 to 255 The card instance number is the number reported by the ioscan f command output in the I column The lower case pis a place holder and x represents the port number 1 or 2 p and x are required only for systems with dual port cards traceoff tf This option turns tracing specified with the
120. entity option off status ss trace Use this option to get a report on the tracing logging status Examples To turn tracing on at Level 3 for device x25_1 interface number 1 and receive packet header AND packet data information nettl tn pduin pduout e SX25L3 c x25_1 f tmp tracex25 To turn tracing off at Level 3 for the device x25_1 nettl tf e SX25L3 c x25 1 180 Chapter 7 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities netfmt netfmt Use this command to format the trace file that was created with nett1 Refer to the man pages for x25t race for more information and examples on this command Syntax netfmt c filter file p F t records N v 1 1 1T 1 1 file name Parameters c filter fil Specifies the name of the file containing the filter configuration commands You create this file with your text editor If this option is omitted filter configuration commands are read from the HOME nettr file if it exists Refer to Creating a filter file at the end of this section for an explanation of filter file syntax p The parse input option lets you do a syntax check on the configuration file specified with the c option If the syntax is correct net fmt terminates with no output or warnings F The follow input file option causes net fmt to keep the input file open when it reaches the end of the file The file is kept open and net fmt continues to read from it as new data ar
121. epted If reverse charge is enabled Yes reverse charge calls can be accepted by the application Ifreverse charge is disabled No X 25 rejects reverse charge calls automatically The default is No Use the value given on your subscription form Throughput Class Negotiation Throughput class refers to line speed If it is enabled Yes the Switched VC Negotiated value is used if disabled No no throughput class negotiation is accepted The default is No 40 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Step 3 Click on Modify Flow Control Settings to modify Switched and Permanent VC flow control settings The following dialog appears Figure 3 6 Modify X 25 Flow Control Defaults hpatm 159 Level 3 Modulo Window Size Modulo 8 Switched VC Flow Control Inbound Outbound Default Packet Size Default Window Size Negotiated Packet Sz Negotiated Window Sz Permanent VC Flow Control Inbound Outbound Packet Size 128 128 Window Size 2 Z Restore Defaults Help Step 4 Select either Modulo 8 or Modulo 128 to set level 3 Modulo parameters The default is Modulo 8 The valid window size values for Modulo 8 range from 1 to 7 For Modulo 128 the valid window size values range from 1 to 127 NOTE Flow Control Negotiation must be enabled on the Verify Level 3 Values dialog to allow the use of the negotiated flow control fields If you do not enable
122. er 3 x25init c Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 config file is the generic X 25 product configuration file and llc2 config file is the LLC2 specific configuration file A sample invocation is as shown below x25init_def L llc2_conf_def This command is executed once per box It can be executed with different lt x25init_llc2_samp1 gt file but with the same lt llc2_conf_def gt file Stopping To stop the communication with one box the x25stop command is executed with the L option The syntax for execution is x25stop d lt lan gt L lt XOL_logical_port_id gt NOTE NOTE Chapter 3 lt XOL_logical_port_id gt is the XOL logical port identifier for the XOL interface on the given LAN card SMH support is not available for configuring X 25 over LAN LLC2 Also the x25init command needs to be executed manually if the system is rebooted For a detailed description of the configuration see x25overllc2 7 For more information on how to configure High Availability see Configuring the High Availability Feature on page 76 For more information on LLC2 see x25init 1M x25stop 1M and x25stat 1M manpages To configure a Highly Available XOL interface See X 25 High Availability Configuration on page 78 Sample setup and Configuration The X 25 over llc2 supports one or more XOL interfaces Following are the two example configurations 61 Configuration Configuring X 2
123. ers are used to ensure that the local DTE and the remote PAD use the same communications profile Each of the 22 parameters has an identifier known as the parameter reference This identifier is an integer value from 1 to 22 Each parameter has a defined range of possible values as specified by the X 3 recommendations X 3 parameters are specified in one or more configuration sets contained in the etc x25 x3config file Each configuration set includes e X 3 configuration set name and profile number e Parameter number e Parameter value for line mode value1 and raw mode value2 e Comment lines starting with See Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example of the x3config file Configuration Set Syntax The syntax for an X 3 configuration set is shown in the following example profile_number lt X 3 parameter_no gt lt valuel gt lt value2 gt 1 al 1 2 1 1 22 0 0 Chapter 6 An X 3 configuration set is a string which embodies the group of X 3 parameters and parameter values beginning with and ending with Each configuration set is identified by a configuration set name config_name and an optional profile number profile_number 163 PAD Services Configuring X 3 Profile Parameters 164 Parameter Values config_name Mandatory Specifies the configuration set name a character string that identifies the X 3 parameter set Each config_name must be unique This
124. es No Contact HP see Note 2 2 Yes Run X25stat see Note 2 1 No Go to Flowchart 3 to check your hardware Level 2 link state Normal Go to Flowchart 4 and perform loopback test 202 Chapter 8 Figure 8 3 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Flowchart 3 Procedures and Notes Use these procedures to verify that your hardware is properly connected and operating correctly Read the following notes before running the hardware check procedures in Flowchart 3 Note 3 1 Hardware Check Check the following e Interface cable e Modem e Network configuration e Status light for single port cards only Flowchart 3 Hardware Check Check hardware as described in Note 3 1 Fix hardware Hardware No then go to OK Flowchart 1 and run x25stat Contact HP 203 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Flowchart 4 Procedures and Notes This flowchart describes how to run a loopback test using x25check on the local node This checks that your X 25 link to the network or X 25 switch is working correctly Note 4 1 x25check You do a loopback test using the x25server and x25check commands The x25server process is only used to accept and echo back an X 25 packet coming from an x25check process To run the loopback test you need e 2virtual circuits either 1 one way i
125. estination_macaddr 0x080009C4728A XOL_DSAP 0x7E XOL_SSAP 0x7E There is only one LLC2 specific configuration file per Host The file is 1lc2 lan_0_lan_1 To Start and Stop above configuration Starting After reconfiguring the kernel of the two boxes execute the following commands at the command prompt x25init c x25_lan_0_box_0 L 11c2 _lan_0_lan_1 x25init c x25_lan_1_box_1 k 11c2_lan_0_lan 1 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands at the command prompt xstop d lan0 L 1 stop XOL interface with logical port id 1 on lan0 xstop d lanl L 1 stop XOL interface with logical port id 1 on lanl Chapter 3 To Connect Box 0 to HOST 67 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 To implement the above configuration the following configuration files need to be created on the BOX 0 e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_box_0_host e LLC2 configuration file llc2_lan_2 The generic X25 configuration file has to be created in the etc x25 directory using the example configuration file etc x25 x25init_llc2_smpl The file x25_box_0_host must contain all the mandatory level 2 and level 3 parameters Along with them it must contain the following entries device lan2 XOL_logical_port_id 0 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009DBEA7 XOL_DSAP 0x70 XOL_SSAP 0x70 The LLC2 specific configuration file Ilc2_lan_2 is created in the etc x25 directory with the following entries lan2 1 To st
126. et with the same set name in etc x25 x3config the first one is used If there is no configuration set name in x29hosts or matching X 3 configuration set name in x3config the default parameters are downloaded see X 3 Parameter Descriptions for information on X 3 parameters x29uucpd operates in line mode only Configuring System and Device Files for UUCP The following example describes the configuration procedure for cu uucp and uucico transfers between two systems In this example the local system is called dave and the remote system is called bill The two systems are configured to handle file transfers originating from the local system dave and received by the remote system bill Refer to the man pages for information on x25uucp device entry parameters At the dave system Make sure that the directory var spool uucp LCK x29 exists If it doesn t exist create it Configure the usr lib uucp Systems file as follows bill Any 5 dev_bill f 19200 r d r d r login BREAK login uucp word test where bill is the name of the destination system 7 characters maximum Chapter 6 Step 3 Step 4 NOTE Chapter 6 Step 5 PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd Any indicates that bill can be called at any time 5 is the retry duration dave will try again to connect to bill in 5 minutes dev_bill is the name of the remote system declared in dave
127. eters Displayed LINK Up No parameter displayed LINK Dwn Local means DISC frame sent Remote means DISC frame received LINK Rst Local means SABM UA exchanged local initiated Remote means SABM UA exchanged remote initiated FRMR In No parameter displayed 191 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace Table 7 9 Table 7 10 192 Continued FRMR Out Rsn 1 means the control field received was not defined or not implemented Rsn 3 means the control field received was invalid Rsn 4 means the information field received was too long Rsn 8 means the control field received contained an invalid variable REJ In Out level 2 N XX is an internal variable of no importance or meaning LINK Bsy level 2 Local means that the RNR has been sent Remote means that the RNR has been received Output Format X 25 level 1 pri o Baud control tx and rx counter mod 210 pri 0 Baud control threshold exceeded pri 0 Baud control number of times threshold exceeded a pri Logging priority level Examples of the strace Command To display all event messages from X 25 level 3 for all interfaces use strace 200 all all To display all event messages from X 25 level 3 for interface 0 use strace 200 48 all To display event messages from X 25 level 3 with priority levels 1 to 3 and from X 25 level
128. g Enable this field if the local system will make collect calls to the remote system If this field is disabled no collect calls can be made Accept reverse charging Enable this field if you want the local system to accept collect calls from the remote system If this field is disabled no collect calls will be accepted Closed user group Enable this field if you subscribed to a closed user group CUG and you want to use the CUG with this connection Do not select this item if you did not subscribe to a CUG or if you do not want this connection to belong to a CUG If you enable this field an additional field CUG Number appears Enter the number of the CUG to be associated with this connection 52 Chapter 3 Step 8 NOTE Chapter 3 Step 9 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access Click on Apply or OK The Apply button leaves you in the current dialog so you can configure other remote systems the OK button returns you to the Internet Addresses amp Routes object list SMH updates the object list to include the remote system you configured regardless of which button you used You can modify or remove remote systems and modify default gateways by highlighting the Remote System Name on the object list and selecting Modify Remove or Modify Default Gateway from the Actions menu Select Exit from the File menu Remote system access for your X 25 link is now configured 5
129. gain depending on the Internet address you configure see the on line Help for more information on gateways and the gateway dialog Chapter 3 49 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access Table 3 12 50 Add Internet Connectivity Field Descriptions Internet Address Identifier by which the remote system is known on the network It is composed of four integers 0 to 255 separated by periods for example 192 2 3 6 Use the Add Aliases button to assign one or more aliases in alphanumeric format to the IP Address for easier referencing When you exit this field SMH determines whether a gateway is needed for the connection or whether you need to provide X 25 information for the remote system Ifthe Provide X 25 Information button is displayed follow the instructions in Step 6 below Remote System Name Name assigned to the remote system to which you want to connect Comments Use this field to add useful information about the remote system for example the name and telephone number of the user Step 6 Ifthe Provide X 25 Information button is displayed you must use it to configure X 25 information about the remote system When you click on Provide X 25 Information the following dialog appears Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access Figure 3 10 Provide X 25 Information epeire Remote System Name Internet Address 192 1 1 4 Choose type of Virtual C
130. he interface configuration Select Exit from the File menu if you have no need to configure access to other systems or to PAD services Then exit SMH If you need to configure access to other systems or configure PAD services stay in SMH and continue with the instructions in Configuring Remote System Access to configure access to other systems and in Configuring PAD Services to configure PAD services Your system will not reboot when you exit Your configuration is effective immediately without the need to create a new kernel If you want to control Services Internet Berkeley Services or Network Services NS refer to the documentation set for those products 47 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access NOTE Step Step Step Step NOTE 48 Configuring Remote System Access Follow the steps below to configure access to other hosts and systems that use TCP IP protocol The procedures in this section are optional Your X 25 link software does not require that you configure access to other systems System Administration Manager SAM is deprecated in the 11iv3 release of HP UX HP System Management Homepage HP SMH an enhanced version of SAM is introduced for managing HP UX If you have not already done so type smh at the HP UX prompt At the SMH main window select Tools Numerous object lists are displayed At the Networking and Communications window highl
131. he results of the analysis Three Possible Critical Resource Analysis CRA Outcomes these resources you can cancel or continue the operation based on your knowledge of the current system configuration Screen Buttons Outcome Notes A Activate User Actions Displays d No At this point you No affected OK and Click Cancel to critical can still cancel resources are halt the operation resources the replacement critical or Cancel and cancel the identified process in use and replacement with no Critical change to the Resource system Or o Remove all cables AS from the PCI T O card and click OK to take you to the next step Critical SMH will not Detailed Cancel Click Cancel to resource s allow the message halt the operation operation to describing the with no change to identified proceed affected the system critical resource Other SMH reports Detailed OK and Click Cancel to resources other resources message halt the operation identified that are in use describing Cancel with no change to with no detectable these the system alternates For resources Or Remove all cables from the PCI I O card and click OK to continue operations based on your knowledge of the information being reported Chapter 4 NOTE Step 8 Step 9 Step 10 Step 11 Step 12 NOTE Step 13 WARNING Chapter 4 Step 14 OLA R Overview an
132. hen the monitoring command detects a failure To define the X 25 package you require the following attributes Package Name Identifies the X 25 package for example xol_pkg1 Service Name Monitors the XOL interface to be managed for example xol_SG_servicel Service Command Monitors the XOL interface status for example x25ifstate To configure XOL remote failover complete the following steps The XOL HA feature is enabled by default in HP UX 111 v3 Therefore the enableXOLHA option is no longer required 89 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 NOTE When the XOL interface goes down the service command x25ifstate exits The SG performs a package failover to the standby node configured in the SG cluster The SG package file that contains the X 25 commands is etc cmcluster pkg control sh file one per XOL package Following is a sample SG package file Example 3 6 XOL SG package for remote failover SERVICE NAMES AND COMMANDS SERVICE_NAME 0 pkgl Service_Name_01 same SERVICE_NAME as in pkg conf SERVICE_CMD 0 usr sbin x25ifstate d dev x25_011 H SERVICE_RESTART 0 Unique MAC address in the subnet LAN segment which is not in use This will be the Active MAC address on the active node in the cluster Supplied_MAC 0x0060BOA4EBE5 START OF CUSTOMER DEFINED FUNCTIONS function customer_defined_run_cmds START of custo
133. ight Hosts and click on OPEN Highlight Local Hosts and click on OPEN SMH displays all remote system names and IP addresses that have already been configured Select Add from the Actions menu The following dialog appears The appearance of the Add Internet Connectivity dialog may be slightly different from the example below depending on the version of the X 25 software you are running Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access Figure 3 9 Add Internet Connectivity Dialog Internet Address o Add Aliases Comments optional Step 5 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below Use the Help button for information and instructions for each field A Provide X 25 Information button may appear on this dialog depending on the Internet address you configure If it does follow the instructions in Step 6 SMH may also decide that a gateway is required a
134. iguration on the Same Host ooooooooooo o 211 Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands 00c eee eee eeee 212 Command Summary soca ea 212 Examples of x251110 us a ag Gates Gd Ot a ad Dede a Si eS 214 IP to X 121 Address Mapping Table 0 00000 ccc ccc eee ns 214 Example a A Sta 216 File Mapping ParametersS cece eee e een a 216 A Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations o 220 B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples X 25 Configuration Files 226 Example Falles uva a a A gOS aa a tie 228 The x25init def File ia o Oe Ga Ot ee aah 228 The x2biniite smpi Piles diria ty somes dads 231 THE XS COMES Mile A hee ee 233 Contents The x29hosts lectoras as bis 236 The Network Type File x25_networks 0 0 0 0 cece eens 237 C Diagnostic Messages Introducir owl ls 240 Diagnostic Message Example 0 ccc cette eens 241 Cause Code Settings ooooooooooooooocrrrarn nooo 242 Packet Codes aa ch eke ws Gace leh D a aa a ci i dees eG 243 RESTART Packet Codes 0 0 0 0 ccc ro 243 RESET CLEAR Packet Codes 0 0c cece tenet ete enee 243 X25 Diagnostic Messages ici tit ds 244 Tables Table 2d iii At ile 26 Table 3 1 Field Descriptions tenet eee nns 33 Table 3 2 Field DescriptioMs eee ee eee ai 35 Table 3 3 Configure Internet Address Field Descriptions
135. igure 6 2 PAD Services as a Pipe 0 ccc eee eee 132 Figure 6 3 Remote PAD Support 133 Figure A A ee A A 134 Figure 6 5 Remote Printer Support 140 Figure 6 6 Remote Printer Support o 147 Figure O ii AAA AA es Bs ea Ye 156 Figure 7 1 The Scope of X 25 Tracing and Logging Utilities 177 OUTED a tok a eh ae ER e a OR ADA SS do a o A 188 Figure 8 1 Flowchartl eee eee nee 200 Figure 8 2 Flowchart 2 Initialization Check o ooooooooo ooo 202 Figure 8 3 Flowchart 3 Hardware Check oooooooooooooooo 203 Figure 8 4 Flowchart 4 X 25 Configuration Check oooooooooo 205 Figure 8 5 Flowchart 5 IP Over X 25 Check o ooooooooooooooooo 207 Figures 0 icc Sieh O Bo ie da on alg iad ants BN whoo dees ek a othe Bae 211 13 Figures 14 1 Chapter 1 About the X 25 Product About the X 25 Product Introduction NOTE 16 Introduction The Hewlett Packard X 25 link for HP 9000 systems provides networking link hardware and software to allow HP computer systems to communicate with other HP and non HP computers over X 25 packet switching networks The X 25 link implements the CCITT X 25 Recommendations and contains the components necessary to connect an HP 9000 to a public or private packet switching network conforming to the CCITT X 25 Recommendation 1980 1984 or 1988 or to another system in a bac
136. ill operating can have extensive ramifications Since power to the slot must be off when the old card is removed and the new card is inserted the effects of shutting down the card s functions must be considered This is particularly important if there is no on line failover or backup card to pick up those functions For example e Which mass storage devices will be temporarily disconnected when the card is shut down e Will a critical networking connection be lost A critical resource is one that would cause a system crash or prevent the operation from successfully completing if the resource were temporarily suspended or disconnected For example if the SCSI adapter to be replaced connects to the unmirrored root disk or swap space the system will crash when the card is shut down During an OLA R procedure it is essential to check the targeted card for critical resources as well as the effects of existing disk mirrors and other situations where a card s functions can be taken over by another card that will not be affected Fortunately SMH performs a thorough critical resource analysis automatically and presents options to you based on it s findings If you determine that critical resources will be affected by the procedure you 101 OLA R Overview and Concepts Planning and Preparation could replace the card when the server is off line or if you must take action immediately you can use rad to attempt an on line addition of
137. illiseconds that a line can be idle before it is declared disconnected This value should be greater than or equal to the Retransmission Timer T1 times the Retransmission Count N2 The range is 1000 to 240000 The default is 60000 Use the value given on your subscription form N1 Frame Size Maximum number of octets that can be transmitted in a single frame The range is 149 minimum through 4103 The default is 149 N2 Maximum number of times a given frame can be Retransmission transmitted before an error condition is Count identified The range is 0 through 255 The default is 20 NOTE Because the timer values count the amount of time between unacknowledged frames you may need to increase the values of T1 Retransmission Timer and T3 Idle Timer if you use Modulo 128 with a window size greater than seven Step 3 Click on OK to return to the Configure X 25 Card dialog when you have finished verifying level 2 values 46 Chapter 3 Step 4 Step 5 NOTE Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Click on OK to complete X 25 software configuration and save your changes Your X 25 interface port should appear in the object list with status Enabled no problem found and link connected correctly If not carefully repeat the steps in this chapter until the configuration is enabled If your port is not connected to a running network it will display as configured You have completed t
138. ing SUBNETWORK STATISTICS FOR X25 can be Table 5 2 Level 3 State Output on Screen Description Meaning Link not up X 25 link level 3 is down Connecting to DXE Restart packet sent r2 by Connected resolving DXE Restart packet sent r2 Random wait started Waiting before retransmitting a restart after a collision packet sent at the same time as packet received Connected and resolved DXE X 25 link level 3 normal r1 DTE RESTART REQUEST Waiting on restart confirmation 120 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Table 5 2 Level 3 State Continued Waiting link disc reply Level 2 going down Buffer to enter WtgRES Restart sent after retry Buffer to enter L3restarting Waiting for restart reply during link going down phase Buffer to enter L_disconnect Waiting for buffer to clear VCs during link going down phase Unknown Unable to define error problem a DXE is DCE or DTE b r2 like rl is a CCITT definition of a state condition The level 2 Link state under the heading STATISTICS FOR LAPP can be Table 5 3 Level 2 Link State Output on Screen Description Meaning NORMAL Level 2 up ADM DTE Level 1 disconnected POLLING DCE Level 1 disconnected START Level 1 connected RESE Level 2 down OFF Level 2
139. inters attached to remote PADs It accesses X 25 level 3 through Berkeley Sockets programmatic interface It also has an interface to special PTYs see illustration below Chapter 6 PAD Services Remote PAD Printer Support x29printd Figure 6 5 140 Remote Printer Support HP 9000 User Level 29printd LP Spooler Resp i or other Spooler Printer RA EA BSD Sockets gt Pseudo X 25 terminal Level lll Kernel drivers PTYs Packet Switching Network When x29printd begins execution it examines the etc x25 x29hosts file for all PAD devices configured with a PAD type printer For each of these configured devices x29printd monitors all print requests sent to the spooling system see Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples for an example of the x29hosts file When x29printd detects a print request it establishes an SVC with the remote PAD printer specified in the remote X 121 address x29printd then transmits the print data to the remote PAD printer closes the SVC and waits for another print request System Requirements Because each printing device requires system resources HP recommends that the kernel parameters be set to following values or greater e MAX PAD PR is the number of PAD printers to be configured e NPTY is 60 MAX PAD PR e MAXURPC is 50 3 x MAX_PAD PR e NPROC is 20 8 x MAXUSERS NGCSP 6 x M
140. ion SCSI bus adapter can not be replaced by a dual function adapter even if the additional function on the card was identical to the original SCSI bus adapter When the replacement card is added to the system the appropriate driver for that card must be configured in the kernel before beginning the operation SMH ensures the correct driver is present In most cases the replacement card will be the same type as a card already in the system and this requirement will be automatically met If you have any Chapter 4 Chapter 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts Planning and Preparation question about the driver s presence or if you are not certain that the replacement card is identical to the existing card you can use ioscan together with rad to investigate e During the replacement process the original driver instance runs in a suspended state I O to the card is either queued or failed while the card is suspended When the replacement card is brought on line the driver instance resumes normal operation The driver instance must be capable of resuming and controlling the replacement card e Ifthe necessary driver is not present and the driver is a dynamically loadable kernel module DLKM you can load it manually e Ifthe driver is static and not configured in the kernel then the card cannot be On line Added The card could be physically inserted on line but no driver would claim it Critical Resources Replacing a card that is st
141. ircuit Switched VC Permanent VC PVC 3 Request reverse charging J Accept reverse charging C Closed user group CUG Step 7 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below If you add more VCs to an interface in the future you must stop the interface with x25stop or with SMH s Disable Card function and restart it as an IP interface with SMH s Enable Card function or with the following command x25init c configuration _filel a ipmapfile Chapter 3 51 Configuration Configuring Remote System Access Table 3 13 Provide X 25 Information Field Descriptions X25 Address X 25 address sometimes referred to as the X 121 address of the remote system The X 25 address assigned by the network provider uniquely identifies the node in an X 25 network The address consists of a maximum of 15 digits You must complete this field Switched VC Enable this field if a switched virtual circuit SVC will be used for this connection When Switched VC is enabled default three additional fields can be configured Request reverse charging Accept reverse charging and Closed user group refer to the field descriptions below Permanent VC Enable this field if a permanent virtual circuit PVC will be used for this connection When Permanent VC is enabled two additional fields can be configured PVC Number and Local Programmatic Access Name Request reverse chargin
142. is a required parameter for all PAD services if user defined X 3 parameters are to be used This name must match the x3 value given in the x29hosts file for pad_spt printer or pad_uucp entries Since X3 has no effect on pad_em entries a dummy string for config_name together with a profile number should be entered for padem profile parameters profile number Optional Applies only to the padem configuration This is a number that must match the number entered for profile in the pad_em section of the x29hosts file If the profile entry exists and is assigned a value in the x29host s file it must also appear in the x3config file X 3_parameter _no Mandatory This is an integer value from 1 to 22 See X 3 parameter descriptions later in this chapter for a full description of each X 3 parameter valuel value2 Mandatory These are the values to be used in X 3 configuration Each value is defined for a specific X 3 parameter valuel is for line mode configuration value2 is for raw mode configuration Only x29server implements raw mode data transfer and only parameters 3 and 4 are used for raw mode data transfer x29printd x29uucpd and padem do not use value2 Modifying Parameters Initial parameter settings can be changed at any time during a call This occurs when x29server detects an ioct1 call to configure the PTY for a PAD terminal This system call could be issued by the UNIX login process by a shell initializati
143. k administrator or HP representative Subnet Mask The subnet mask like IP addresses is composed of four integers 0 to 255 separated by periods The subnet mask is used for routing When you enter an IP address SMH places a default subnet mask in the subnet mask field depending on the class of IP address you enter You may use the default or enter another one if required Table 3 4 IP Address and Default Subnet Masks shows the IP addresses listed by class and their default subnet masks IP Address Alias The symbolic name in alphanumeric format by which this network interface will be known on the network Use the Add Modify Host Name Aliases button to add or modify aliases Table 3 4 IP Address and Default Subnet Masks IP Address Default Subnet Class Mask A A between 1 127 and A 255 0 0 0 Chapter 3 37 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Table 3 4 IP Address and Default Subnet Masks Continued IP Address Class Default Subnet Mask A B B 255 255 0 0 A between 128 and 191 B between 0 and 254 A B C C 255 255 255 0 A between 192 and 239 B C between 0 and 254 A B C D Not Allowed A between 240 and 254 B C between 0 and 254 The Internet address is composed of two addresses the network address and the subaddress Zero 0 and 1 are not allowed in the subaddress Step 4 Ifrequired click o
144. k to back configuration The information in this manual applies to HP 9000 Series 700 and 800 systems that use single dual or quad port communications hardware Any differences are specifically noted In a diskless cluster X 25 software is only supported on the server system It is not supported on client systems for this type of environment The following diagram illustrates the X 25 link architecture where e solid white boxes represent the product s integral components e lightly shaded boxes represent the product s protocol components e heavily shaded boxes represent optional components external to the product that can be added to the product Each component depends on the component s below it and must be installed and running in order to support higher level components Chapter 1 About the X 25 Product Introduction Figure 1 1 X 25 Link Architecture Internet Network OSI Services Services Services NS X 25 User User PAD Written Written Services L3 L4 OTS 9000 BSD IPC TCP UDP X 25 Programmatic Access OTS to PLP Translator BSD to PLP Translator IP to PLP Interface X 25 Packet Level Protocol PLP X 25 Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol LAP B X 25 Communications Hardware Chapter 1 17 About the X 25 Product Application L7 Presentation L6 and Session L5 Levels 18 Application L7 Presentation L6 and Session L5 Levels The X 25 link does
145. lace marker and xis the port number 1 to 4 Note that p and x are only required for systems with dual port or quad port cards X 25 Address Address assigned to each local X 25 interface card or port by the network carrier X 25 checks it for diagnostic and identification purposes only This address is sometimes referred to as the X 121 address Use the value given on your subscription form Programmatic Access Name Name given to the interface you are configuring used for X 25 level 3 programmatic access Network Carrier Type Type of network to which the X 25 interface is attached as it appears on your subscription form A complete list of possible networks is shown below The default is DTE_84 X 25 Packet Address This field appears with its default value only if you select TRANSPAC as the Network Carrier Type Network types You must select a Network Carrier Type that matches the type of network to which you are connected 33 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link DCE_88 AUSPAC DATEXP_DEUTSCHE HPPPN TELENET TELEPAC D TE_80 DATANET1 D I CS TAPAC TRANSPAC DATAPAK Step 3 Click on OK to return to the Configure X 25 Card window when you have finished configuring the X 25 Address Configuring X 25 Virtual Circuits VCs Follow the steps below to configure X 25 virtual circuits Step 1 From the Configure X 25 Card window selec
146. las below as configured in X 25 configuration file e Socket buffer size B in formulas below used in your applications setsockopt system call The default is 4 Kb Evaluation Formulas The following formulas can be used to evaluate X 25 memory requirements Memory for each VC MVC in bytes MVC B x 3 2x W 1 x P Total Memory TM for X 25 in bytes TM sum MVC Number of cards x 5120 These figures are only for protocol and API requirements You should also consider the memory required by your applications 25 Installation Before You Install the Software Table 2 1 Example 2 1 26 Shortcut Method Assuming B P for all VCs TM can be rounded to e IfB lt 512 TM approx 1 536 2 x W 2 x B x No of VCs e IfB gt or 512 TM approx 2 x W 5 x B x No of VCs The following table in bytes VC provides a quick guide Buffer Size B Packet Size P in bytes 123 256 512 1024 2048 4096 Window W 1 2K 25K 35K 7K 14K 28K oe 2 123k 3k 45K 9K 1isKk 36K 3 125K 135K 55K 11K 22K 44k 4 2sk 4K 65K 13K 26K 52K B13K 45K 75K 15K 30K 60K 6 133K 5K 85K 17K 34K 68K 7 35K 55K 95K 19K 38K 76K Example A system has two X 25 cards configured as follows Card 1 Window 2 Packet size 1024 Socket buffer size 4096 default 200 VCs are used Card 2 Window 4 Packet size 128
147. level2 and level3 parameters the following parameters have to be added XOL_logical_port_id 1 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009C4728A XOL_DSAP 0x7E XOL_SSAP 0x7E The LLC2 specific configuration is etc x25 11c2_lan_0 To start and stop above configuration Starting Execute the following commands at the command prompt x25init c x25_host_box_0 L 11c2_lan_0 Stopping To stop the configuration execute the following commands x25stop d lan0 L 0 stop XOL interface with logical port id 0 on lan0 x25stop d lan0 L 1 stop XOL interface with logical port id 1 on lan0 Chapter 3 To Connect Box 0 to HOST 63 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 device lan 1 To implement the above configuration the following configuration files need to be created on the BOX 0 e Generic X 25 configuration file x25_box_0_host e LLC2 configuration file llc2_lan_1 The generic X25 configuration file has to be created in the etc x25 directory using the example configuration file etc x25 x25init_11c2_smpl XOL_logical_port_id O XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009DBEA7 XOL_DSAP 0 XOL_SSAP 0 x70 x70 lanl The file x25_box_0_host must contain all the mandatory level 2 and level 3 parameters Along with them it should contain the following entries The LLC2 specific configuration file llc2_lan_1 is created in the etc x25 directory with the following entries To start and stop above configuration
148. lid or outside of allowable window 2 RESET Invalid P R DATA packet received from network with P R invalid Table C 2 Packet Type Invalid i A ISO F Diagnostic Deseription Explanation 244 17 RESTART Packet type Invalid packet received with interface in state R1 CLEAR invalid for state packet level ready RESTART REQUEST is RESET R1 sent on network Invalid packet is probably RESTART CONFIRMATION 20 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P1 invalid for state Ready P1 21 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P2 DTE invalid for state CALL REQUEST P2 22 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P3 DCE invalid for state Incoming Call P3 23 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P4 Data RESET invalid for state Transfer P4 24 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P5 Call invalid for state Collision P5 Appendix C Table C 2 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 3 Packet Type Invalid Continued 25 CLEAR Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state P6 DTE invalid for state Clear Request P6 27 RESET Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state D1 Flow invalid forstate Control Ready D1 29 RESET Packet type Invalid packet received on VC in state D3 DCE invalid for state Reset Indi
149. ll contain the error log file The defaultis usr adm streans 195 Tracing and Logging Utilities strerr 196 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting 197 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link This section describes troubleshooting procedures for checking your X 25 link up to X 25 level 3 It also provides information on troubleshooting IP over X 25 as well as procedures for diagnosing switching problems To use these procedures you should be familiar with the following commands Table 8 1 Troubleshooting Commands Command Purpose Refer to x25init Initializes X 25 interface and man pages and software Superuser only examples at the end of Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples x25stop Safely shuts down the man pages interface Superuser only x25stat Reports on X 25 status Some man pages and options are for superuser Chapter 5 Diagnostic only Utilities for examples x25check Tests connectivity up to X 25 man pages and x25server Level 3 between local and Chapter 5 Diagnostic remote nodes Utilities for examples ping Tests IP to IP connectivity man pages x25ping Checks that X 25 interface man pages can reach the remote server nettl Traces and logs X 25 at X 25 man pages and packet and LAP B levels Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities for examples net fmt Formats trace information man pages and collected b
150. lost and all X 3 parameters are set to the default values as they were defined before the VC was established Sets the X 3 parameter nto value v If there is a syntax error padem responds with an ERR service signal and updates the diagnostic text All changes take effect when a new VC is established or immediately if one is already established set n v n v Chapter 6 Chapter 6 stat PAD Services PAD Commands Sets the X 3 parameter n to value vand displays the current setting of all parameters This command is a combination of the set and par commands Displays status information of a VC padem responds with FREE if no VC is established or with ENGAGED if there is a VC established r g n n x121_address subaddress P Dd d Performs a virtual call to the remote host defined by its X 121 address x121_address subaddress can be replaced with symad where symad is defined in the file etc x25 x29hosts P specifies the packet size negotiation D specifies the Call User Data CUD Extended Command Set aprof help Lists all profile IDs known to padem The profile IDs are contained in the x3config file Displays a complete list of all padem commands with a short description of each ifname string list lprof quit sleep s Displays or sets the programmatic access name of the interface to which padem is or will be connected If this command is e
151. ls of net fmt and formatted copies of any X 25 trace files that were active when the problem occurred A short description of your application and how it should work In the event of a system failure take a full memory dump Use the HP UX utility etc savecore to save a core dump Refer Debugging Streams UX Modules and Drivers Streams UX for the HP 9000 Reference Manual for details 209 Troubleshooting Reporting Problems NOTE 210 e For PAD Problems Copies of the x29hosts and x3config files A copy of the output from the 1s 1 dev x29 command if you are running x29printd or x29uucpd Identify which PAD utility is encountering the error PAD services PAD emulation Remote PAD printer or UUCP Include all files relative to that service for example 1ogin profile ID usr spool 1p or usr lib uucp Include log files for the PAD services Provide a detailed description of the problem For more information about files related to PAD services see Chapter 6 PAD Services If you do not have a service contract with HP you can still follow the procedure described above but you will be billed accordingly for time and materials Chapter 8 Figure 8 6 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Back to back Configuration on the Same Host Back to back Configuration on the Same Host Systems with multiple X 25 interfaces can use back to back configurations to perform diagnostics If you suspect that a
152. lt packetsize default window size default window size default thruput class default thruput class 231 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Table B 7 232 Continued flowcontrol on neg_inpacketsize 128 neg_outpacketsize 128 neg_inwindow 7 neg_outwindow 7 thruputclass on neg_inthruputclass 19200 neg_outthruputclass 19200 pvc_inpacketsize 128 pvc_outpacketsize 128 pvc_inwindow 7 pvc_outwindow 7 IP Related Parameters IP 15 4 64 120 255 255 248 0 mtu 2048 hold 300 idle 600 flow control negotiation allowed offered pckt size if using flow control negotiation offered pckt size if using flow control negotiation offered wndw size if using flow control negotiation offered wndw size if using flow control negotiation offered thruput class if using thruput class negotion offered thruput class if using thruput class negotiation packetsize for PVCs packetsize for PVCs window size for PVCs window size for PVCs IP address and subnet mask max transmission unit 2048 octets 5 minute hold timer 10 minute idle timer se S e e Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files The x3config File hp_printer al 0 2 0 3 0 4 10 5 Ll 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 11 14 12 1 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 8 17 24 18 0 19 L 20 0 21 0 22 0 hp_uucp 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 10 5 1 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 11 14 12 1 13 0 14 0 T5 0 16 8 17 2
153. ly displayed only when tracing or logging is on the x25check utility is run or cause and diagnostic codes are printed in level 3 application programs Refer to the listing of diagnostic codes later in this appendix for more information In the descriptions in the diagnostic listing a REQUEST or ACCEPTED packet refers to a packet generated by the local application and an INDICATION or CONFIRM packet refers to a packet received from the network The requests in which a diagnostic code can be found are shown after the numeric code of the diagnostic Once the application specifies CLEAR or RESET cause and diagnostic codes this code combination is used for all RESET REQUEST packets generated by the application This combination is also used for the CLEAR REQUEST generated when the application calls close or shutdown on a given socket 241 Diagnostic Messages Cause Code Settings 242 Cause Code Settings X 25 automatically resets silently forces the network generated cause code of CLEAR or RESET REQUEST packets to comply with the applicable CCITT X 25 Recommendation e 1980 The cause is silently forced to zero e 1984 The cause is left at zero or OR ed with 128 if it is not zero e 1988 The cause is left at zero or OR ed with 128 if it is not zero X 25 does not guarantee that the cause diagnostic facility or clear user data fields ofa CLEAR REQUEST or a RESET REQUEST are delivered to the remote destination beca
154. ly runstring x25init c x25init_def This sample X 25 configuration contains default values Mandatory parameter X 121 address X 121 4085551202 Typically the address on the packet is identical to X 121 packet address except for some networks like TransPac which require that we put null address on the packet X 121_packet use a null i e length 0 packet Mandatory parameter interface name for Level 3 access name interface0 Mandatory parameter device to initialize device x25_0p1 Level 2 Parameters t1 3000 frame retransmission timeout 3 seconds t3 60000 Level 2 idle timer 60 seconds The frame size varies depending on flow control negotiation and whether you subscribe for fast select feature or not max Level 2 transmission size octets n1 8 for packet size 128 with fast select disabled is 149 framesize 149 n1 8 octets n2 20 number of retransmissions allowed k 7 Level 2 window Appendix B Table B 6 Appendix B Continued Level 3 Parameters logical channel id lci 1 pve 5 lei 255 insve 5 lci 2048 svc 6 lci 3072 outsvc 6 networktype DTE_84 fast_select disabled reverse_charge disabled def_inpacketsize 128 def_outpacketsize 128 def_inwindow 2 def_outwindow 2 def_inthruputclass 19200 def_outthruputclass 19200 flowcontrol off neg_inpacketsize 128 neg_outpacketsize 128 neg_inwindow 2 neg_outwindow 2 thruputclass off At least one lci type ne
155. mer defined run commands usr sbin x25stop d dev x25_011 sleep 2 usr sbin lanadmin A SSupplied_MAC 0 usr sbin x25init c etc x25 x25config_11c2_1 L etc x25 11c2_conf_def sleep 5 test_return 51 END of customer defined run commands 90 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 function customer_defined_halt_cmds START of customer defined halt commands usr sbin x25stop d dev x25_011 Sleep 2 test_return 52 END of customer defined halt commands Remote Failover with Local Failover Support Using Service Guard This is a combination of local failover and remote failover For information on the local and remote failovers see Configuring XOL HA for Local Failover Without ServiceGuard on page 83 and Configuring XOL HA for Remote Failover Using Service Guard SG on page 86 If the interface cannot be activated on either the primary or the standby LAN card at a given time on the local node the SG package initiates the remote failover to the LAN card on the standby node in the SG cluster NOTE On any given LAN card the combination of highly available and not highly available XOL interfaces is not supported Either all or none of the interfaces must be configured with HA for local or remote failover on any given LAN card This is because the same unique MAC address is used by all XOL interfaces on the given LAN card To support remote failo
156. minal 0 indicates that flow control by the PAD is not operational and 1 permits flow control by the PAD Chapter 6 167 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Table 6 4 Continued 6 Service Specifies that the terminal is to receive the PAD Signals service signals that are received by the PAD PAD service signals are described in X 25 The PSN Connection 0 indicates that no PAD service signals are received by the terminal and 1 indicates that the terminal will receive PAD service signals 7 On Break Specifies the action to be taken by the PAD when it receives a break signal from the terminal The possible values are shown below Table 6 5 Value Meaning 1 Transmit interrupt packet 2 Reset 4 Transmit indication of break PAD message 8 Escape from data transfer mode 16 Discard output to terminal NOTE The values listed for parameter 7 may be combined by specifying the sum of the values Table 6 6 X 3 Parameter Description 168 Chapter 6 Table 6 6 Table 6 7 Chapter 6 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions Continued 8 Discard This parameter restores data delivery to the Output terminal after the reception of the break character and value 16 has been specified for X 3 Parameter 7 This value may be modified by the reception of the break character 0 indicates normal data delivery and 1 indicates that data is discarded
157. n Modify IP over X 25 Defaults to modify the Idle Timer Hold Timer MTU Size and System Max IP Connections defaults Figure 3 4 Modify IP Over X 25 Defaults Modify IP Over X 25 Defaults hpatm 159 Idle Timer seconds 60d Hold Timer seconds 300 MTU Size octets 2048 System Max IP Connections 256 Restore Defaults Cancel 38 Chapter 3 Table 3 5 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below Modify IP over X 25 Defaults Field Descriptions Idle Timer Sets the number of seconds a circuit stands idle before it is cleared by IP The range is 0 to 32767 The default is 600 Hold Timer Sets the number of seconds a circuit may be inactive before it is designated as inactive Inactive circuits may be cleared when all other circuits are unavailable and a connection request is received by IP Do not set the hold timer to a value greater than the idle timer The range is 0 to 32767 The default is 300 MTU Size The maximum transmission unit size in octets bytes The range is 20 to 8192 The default is 2048 For DDN configured interfaces it must be less than or equal to 1007 System Max IP Connections The maximum number of IP connections that can be simultaneously active for the whole system This is a global parameter The default value for this parameter is 256 connections S
158. n de la Clase de Caudal Switched VC Negotiated Modify Throughput Class Setting Clase negociada en CV conmutado Negociaci n de la Clase de Caudal k Level 2 Window Size frames k Tama o de Ventana en Nivel 2 tramas T1 Retransmission Timer ms T1 Temporizador de Retransmisi n ms 223 Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations 224 Appendix A Appendix B X 25 Configuration Files and Examples 225 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples X 25 Configuration Files Table B 1 Table B 2 226 X 25 Configuration Files This section lists X 25 configuration and addressing files etc x25 directory x25config_0 ASCII file containing X 25 parameters This file can be used by the x25init command when initializing the card It is created automatically if you configure X 25 using SMH To configure X 25 manually copy and edit either x25init_def or x25init_smpl x25init_def Contains default X 25 configuration parameters and example configuration parameters for parameters that have no default The listing for this file is shown later in this chapter This file is read only x25init_smpl Contains example X 25 configuration parameters The listing for this file is shown later in this chapter This file is read only ip_to_x121_map Mapping table between X 25 and IP addresses See Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands in Ch
159. nbound and 1 one way outbound or 2 two way e if you are connected to a private X 25 switch rather than connected directly to a network then the switch must be configured to return a call packet Note 4 2 Exit Your local X 25 configuration is correct You can use x25check to verify connections to the remote host only if the remote host is running and e has X 25 initialized e is running x25server e has an X 25 configuration that is compatible with the local host s configuration If you still experience problems contact the System Administrator at the remote host and ask them to check their X 25 configuration 204 Chapter 8 Figure 8 4 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Flowchart 4 X 25 Configuration Check y Start x25server Y Run x25check to perform loopback test See Note 4 1 Check your No configuration parameters p using information contained in error messages Yes Fix local i i 2 ead configuration and Local configuration OK go to Flowchart 1 Your local X 25 configuration is correct See Note 4 2 Go to Flowchart 2 to run SMH Chapter 8 Flowchart 5 Procedures and Notes Use these procedures to verify your IP addressing and remote host connection 205 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link 206 Note 5 1 ping Use ping on your own IP over X 25 address for example
160. ne of the generic entries DTE_80 DTE_84 or DTE_88 The network type file is read only The value in the first column of the file is an alias assigned to the network type This is the value that you specify for the networktype configuration parameter in the x25init configuration file The value in the second column is the actual network type The value in the third column is the version of the CCITT X 25 Recommendation with which the network complies 1980 1984 or 1988 237 X 25 Configuration Files and Examples Example Files Table B 9 238 DTE_80 DTE_84 DTE_88 DCE_80 DCE_84 DCE_88 AUSPAC DATANET1 DATAPAC DATEXP_AUSTRIA DATEXP_DEUTSCHE DCS DDN DDXP HPPPN ITAPAC LUXPAC PSS ELENET TRANSPAC TYMNET L3_DTE L3_DTE L3_DTE L3_DCE L3_DCE L3_DTE AUSPAC DATANET1 DATAPAC DATEXP_AUSTRIA DATEXP_GERMANY DCS DDN_NET DDXP HPPPN ITAPAC LUXPAC PSS TELENET TRANSPAC TYMNET 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 198 0 4 8 0 4 8 4 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 The delivered X 25 networktype file etc x25 x25_networks is shown below An alias associated with a network type chosen from this file is used to identify the network type during the configuration process Appendix B Appendix C Diagnostic Messages 239 Diagnostic Messages Introduction Introduction This appendix descri
161. nfigured XOL_logical_port_id Integer 0 n The XOL logical port Gaplan boz sa identifier for the XOL a interface on the given LAN card XOL_destination_macaddr One The destination MAC replaces the MAC address a eo a oe me inthe lan box addr value This interface is value must be connected prefixed with Ox XOL_DSAP One The destination SAP hexadecimal value of the peer XOL value This interface Set the value must be value of DSAP to any prefixed with even value in the Ox range 0x70 0x7e both inclusive XOL_SSAP One The source SAP value hexadecimal of the local XOL value This interface Set the value must be value of SSAP to any prefixed with even value in the Ox range 0x70 0x7e both inclusive If the value for SSAP is not provided then SSAP takes the value of DSAP 55 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 Table 3 14 Additional XOL specific configuration parameters Continued Field Format Value standby_device Device name Name of the standby string LAN device used for local failover For more details about this parameter see Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 on page 81 Required only for local failover support XOL floating _macaddr One The unique MAC hexadecimal address for the LAN value must be card in the LAN prefixed with subnet For more Ox details about this parameter see Configuring the High Availability Feat
162. ng pad_spt Parameters Remote PAD support parameters are specified in the pad_spt section of the x29hosts file An example pad_spt section with parameter values is shown below interface0 remote_x121 408555120801 local_x121 1235451 pty_slave_fname ptynb01 application bin login2 cud yes logging 1 reverse_charge disable size_parity 8_none x3 Chapter 6 hp_padsrvr 135 PAD Services Remote PAD Support x29server 136 pad_spt Parameters This section describes the remote PAD support parameters shown in the above example interface_name Optional This is a character string maximum 12 characters with no wildcards allowed If this field is not present x29server will listen on all X 25 interfaces remote_x121 Mandatory no default value This is the calling address the address of the remote system There are three ways of expressing addresses e exact address the complete exact address e wildcard address partially or completely composed of legal wildcards e special address for PADs with no local address Legal characters include the digits 0 through 9 the capital letter F the question mark and the asterisk The is a legal wildcard substitute for values 0 through 9 The is a legal wildcard for any character You can mix wildcards and characters The special address is FFFFFFFFFF which maps to a null calling address This feature is supported for PADs that have no local
163. ngs and to add additional X 3 sets Click on OK to save changes and exit this dialog Select Exit from the List menu 75 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature 76 Configuring the High Availability Feature The X 25 link software provides integration of the X 25 Streams solution to the High Availability HP MC ServiceGuard feature on HP 9000 Series 800 Systems allowing local and remote failure recovery This feature requires that the HP MC ServiceGuard product B3936AA has been installed and that the X 25 software uses switches that support Hunt Group Facility allowing multiple DTEs to share a common X 121 address You should be familiar with the HP MC ServiceGuard product prior to installation For more information on Serviceguard see Managing MC ServiceGuard The High Availability features include e Local Failure Support of local failure for an X 25 link is provided by a PDN using existing X 25 functionality If a local X 25 PSI card fails the calling DTE will see the link go down The Hunt Group facility results in all incoming calls being directed to the remaining good X 25 PSI card in the system e Remote Failure HP MC ServiceGuard uses the x25ifstate command to monitor the X 25 status Ifthe monitor detects that the X 25 link it is monitoring has gone down all it has to do is exit HP MC ServiceGuard detects that the monitor service belonging to the package has disappeared stop
164. ns Step Step Step Step Step Step Step 74 and select Open Item from the Actions menu At the Networking and Communications window highlight X 25 PAD Services and select Open Item from the Actions menu Highlight UUCP Server and select Open Item from the Actions menu SMH lists all remote systems currently configured for X 25 PAD UUCP connectivity Select Add from the Actions menu to configure PAD UUCP connectivity for an unlisted remote system or highlight a remote system from the list and select Modi f y Enter or modify field values as required Click on Apply to apply the new settings and to add additional PAD UUCP connections Click on OK to save changes and exit this dialog Select Exit from the List menu to return to the X 25 PAD Services dialog Ifnecessary select the next PAD service you need to configure from the list In order for PAD UUCP connectivity to function correctly UUCP must also be configured If you have not already done this you can configure UUCP by returning to the Networking and Communications window highlighting UUCP and selecting Open Item from the Actions menu From this dialog you can configure UUCP Devices and or UUCP Remote Systems see the on line Help or UUCP documentation for more information Add Modify X 3 Parameters Follow the steps below to add or modify X 3 parameters Refer to Chapter 6 PAD Services for detaile
165. ntered with a programmatic access name specified in string padem sets the programmatic access name for the interface If the command is entered and stringis not specified padem displays the programmatic access name for the interface Lists all symbolic names for remote hosts that are accessible to the user The symbolic reference names are contained in the etc x25 x29hosts file Displays the last loaded profile ID Terminates padem If the SVC is still connected it is cleared Suspends padem for s seconds maximum 3600 161 PAD Services PAD Commands verbose Puts padem in verbose display mode When padem operates in verbose display mode it displays CAUSE EFFECT and ACTION messages in addition to the standard diagnostic message NOTE Certain parameters may be changed automatically during the session as a result of PTY reconfigurations by the application at the other side of the connection These changes will temporarily alter the original defaults set by the PAD Services The PAD terminal user may also change PAD parameters at any time with X 28 commands However this may result in unpredictable behavior from the application being processed 162 Chapter 6 config_name PAD Services Configuring X 3 Profile Parameters Configuring X 3 Profile Parameters X 3 PAD parameters are used to specify how certain I O operations are performed between Data Terminal Equipment DTE and the remote host PAD These paramet
166. ol is a connection based protocol TCP verifies that all data is delivered without duplication to its destination The UDP protocol unlike TCP has no concept of a connection Messages are sent as a unit with source and destination information in the header The X 25 link provides a BSD to PLP Packet Level Protocol translator to allow access to PLP at level 3 for user written application programs via BSD IPC The X 25 link also provides an OTS to PLP translator to allow access to PLP at level 3 for OSI Services via Xport OSI 19 About the X 25 Product Packet network Level L3 Packet network Level L3 At the packet network level L3 X 25 link provides direct X 25 programmatic access via BSD IPC For full details on X 25 programmatic access refer to the X 25 9000 Programmer s guide part number 32793 90065 The X 25 link also provides IP access to TCP or UDP Transport protocols for programs such as Internet Berkeley Services and NS allowing communication over X 25 in accordance with RFC 877 20 Chapter 1 Chapter 1 About the X 25 Product Data link L2 and Physical L1 Levels Data link L2 and Physical L1 Levels At the data link level level 2 the X 25 link provides the LAP B Link Access Procedure Balanced protocol LAP B is a data link protocol specified by the 1980 CCITT X 25 recommendations that determines frame exchange procedures At the physical level level 1 the X 25 link provides support for X
167. ommand 187 examples 192 options 187 output format 190 syntax 187 strerr see man pages strerr command 195 description 195 options 195 syntax 195 subnet masks defaults 38 support See service representative Switched VC Flow Control field descriptions 42 T TCP UDP 18 throughput classes and line speeds 44 tracing utilities 175 troubleshooting 198 hardware check 203 ping command 206 X 25 configuration 198 205 x25check command 204 x25server command 204 U URC option IP to X 121 mapping file 217 use reverse charge IP to X 121 mapping file 217 using SAM 30 using SAM s online help 31 utilities logging 175 tracing 175 uucp configuring 150 V VCs statistics 118 260 Verify Level 2 Values field descriptions 46 Verify Level 2 Values screen 45 verifying level 2 values 44 verifying level 3 values 39 Verifying Level 3 Values screen 39 Verifying Level 3 Values screen field descriptions 40 virtual circuits configuration with SAM 34 X X 121 address IP to X 121 mapping file 216 mapped from IP address 214 X 25 troubleshooting 198 X 25 address 33 X 25 configuration troubleshooting 198 205 X 25 configuration file 166 167 168 171 X 25 configuration files summary 225 X 25 level 2 event messages 187 X 25 level 3 event messages 187 X 25 packet address 33 X 25 9000 components of 18 components provided with 18 network services supported 18 overview of 18 X
168. on file that is installed in etc x25 directory Following are the assumptions The X 121 address of the local XOL interface is 7111 and that of the remote XOL interface is 7222 Example 3 3 LLC2 Configuration Likely runstring x25init c x25init_llc2_smpl X 121 7111 X 121 address Chapter 3 57 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 X 121_packet vy use a null i e length 0 packet address TransPacaddressing name interface0 interface name for Level 3 access device lan0 device to initialize XOL_logical_port_id 0 logical port id for lan interface XOL_DSAP 0x7E destination SAP id XOL_SSAP 0x7E source SAP id XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009c4728a Remote mac address Following needed only for Local High Availability feature standby_device lanl standby lan card for local failover XOL_floating_macaddr Ox0060BOA4EBE5 Unique Mac address to be assigned to the lan card before bringing the XOL interface up Level 2 Parameters tl 3000 t3 60000 framesize 149 n2 20 12window 7 Level 3 Parameters virtual circuit parameters logical channel id start num 1 4095 type how many Let 1 pve 5 5 permanent VCs Hea 255 dnsiac 5 5 one way incoming SVCs lci 2048 svc 6 6 two way switched VCs networktype TRANSPAC CCITT 1984 DTE see etc x25 x25_networks fast_select enabled allow incoming calls with call user data reverse_charg nabled allow incoming calls requesting
169. on it When the failed LAN card on system A comes up later it is configured with the factory default MAC address Chapter 3 87 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 Figure 3 16 After the Failover AN Active Standby UMAC gt unique MAC address provided by user LAN Network XOL Cluster Definition You must define the cluster by providing the system names that are part of SG cluster X 25 Commands Used in the SG Package Control Scripts 88 To set the MAC address run the following command lanadmin A lt MAC address gt lt PPA gt To start XOL interface run the following command x25init c etc x25 x25config_11c2 L etc x25 11c2_conf_ def To monitor the XOL interface run the following command x25ifstate d dev x25_011 H To stop the XOL interface run the following command Chapter 3 NOTE Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 x25stop d dev x25_011 XOL Package Definition An XOL SG package is required to configure a highly available XOL interface on all nodes in the SG cluster This package allows HP MC Service Guard to automatically e Assign a unique MAC address using the lanadmin command to the LAN card in use e Start the X 25 link x25init command when the X 25 package starts e Run the command x25ifstate to monitor the state of the XOL interface e Stop the XOL interface w
170. on script such as 1ogin or by an application Each ioct1 request is examined by the server If a mapping exists between the terminal I O parameter and X 3 the terminal I O value is checked against the current X 3 setting If the request calls for a change Chapter 6 PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions the current X 3 setting is overwritten on the server A set command is sent to reset the parameter in the remote PAD If x29server cannot map the terminal I O parameter to X 3 the request is processed as a normal terminal I O ioct1 When x29printd and x29server transform terminal I O parameters into X 3 parameters they intercept the ioct1 tcseta call and send an X 29 set command with new X 3 parameter values if necessary The related X 3 parameters are 2 echo 3 data forward 4 idle timer 5 device control 12 flow control 15 editing 16 character delete and 17 line delete The x29server process downloads only those X 3 parameters that are specified in the x3config file for a particular remote system The x29print process always downloads a set of X 3 parameters if they exist in the x3config file at the beginning of a connection or the default X 3 parameters given in the preceding table if the X 3 parameters do not exist in the x3config file The X 3 parameters for padem can be changed by an X 29 set message from the remote host or by the terminal operator with a set command Default X 3 Parameters
171. onfig_0 x25init c x25config_0 4085551111 a ip_to_x121_map Alternatively the IP to X 121 map table can be specified in a separate x25init command x25init c x25config_0 4085551111 x25init a ip_to_x121_map NOTE If x25init fails you can look at the usr adm x25 x25init 1log log file for troubleshooting information IP to X 121 Address Mapping Table The IP to X 121 address mapping table is used to enable IP to route through X 25 networks by mapping a host s IP address to its X 121 address The table is used for both inbound and outbound packets The IP to X 121 address mapping table is a kernel table created from an ASCII file containing one entry per line It is created using x25init with the a option Each line describes the destination X 121 address used to 214 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands reach a host with a particular IP address Reverse mapping reverses the order of translation The default file name and directory for the mapping table is etc x25 ip_to_x121_map When the packet is outbound the IP address is mapped to the X 121 address that is associated with it in the IP map file When the packet is inbound the X 121 address is mapped to the IP address of the same destination host This is called reverse mapping The table is not used when IP packets are transmitted to X 25 over DDN In this case the DDN specific mapping algorithm is used instead See DDN X 25 H
172. or IP over X 25 mapping are provided at the end of the section Command Summary You can use the x25message utility to get an explanation of an error message Enter the command at the HP UX prompt followed by the text ofthe message and the system will display an explanation of the cause along with recommendations for corrective action x25binit Initializes your X 25 link requires Superuser privileges See your man pages and the examples later in this section x25stop Gracefully shuts down an X 25 link requires Superuser privileges See your man pages x25check and x25server Together these commands can be used to test connectivity between two nodes up to the X 25 access level level 3 See your man pages and the examples in Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Displays X 25 link status configuration information and virtual circuit statistics See your man pages and the examples in Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities Some options require Superuser privileges x25mibstat Chapter 8 Chapter 8 x25ping ping route proxy netstat x25trace x25bupload nettl net fmt Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands Utility with programmatic interface that allows users to get additional X 25 statistics Checks if a remote host can be reached via the X 25 interface See your man pages Tests connectivity to a remote host up to the Internet Protocol IP level level 3 See
173. ork parameter setup in the Network Interface Card portion ofthe Networking and Communications area If the OLA is successful connect the cables to the card 109 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH 110 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Diagnostic Utilities 111 Diagnostic Utilities Using Diagnostic Utilities Using Diagnostic Utilities This chapter describes how to use the X 25 diagnostic utilities The diagnostic utilities provided with your X 25 link are described briefly in the following table Refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting if you need help deciding which utility to use Table 5 1 Available Diagnostic Utilities Utility Description Refer to x25check Tests connectivity up to X 25 man page and x25server level 3 between the local and this chapter for remote nodes examples x25stat Provides X 25 and IP over X 25 man page and status and configuration VC this chapter for statistics examples x25mibstat Uses X 25 MIB structure to man page provide statistical information netstat Provides network statistics and man page information about network connections ping IP to IP connections only Tests man page connection to a remote host to IP level and reports round trip communication time The following diagram shows the areas of the X 25 product covered by the diagnostic utilities The X 21bis level is physically integrated in the interface c
174. ost Interface Specification BBN88 There must be an entry in the mapping table for each host you want to communicate with over a direct connect X 25 network If the host is connected through a gateway you only need an entry for the gateway containing the IP and X 121 addresses of the gateway NOTE If the destination host is only reachable through a gateway you must have a route to that host a host or a net route The IP address in the table must belong to the same IP subnet as a configured card in your system and this card must be already started when you initialize IP routing with the command usr sbin x25init a etc x25 ip_to_x121_map If the IP address does not correspond to a configured card the X 25 product does not know which interface to use to send packets Therefore you must place this information in your etc x25 ip_to_x121_map file by adding the x25_card_device parameter as shown in the syntax example below This is a manual procedure that cannot be done in SMH Syntax for SVCs IP_address X 121_address URC URC ARC ARC device x25_card_device packet_size window_size CUG n Syntax for PVCs IP_address X 121_address pvc n name prog_access_name Chapter 8 215 Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands NOTE 216 If you do not include the packet_size and window_size values and the x25_card_devicels the last field the default values will be applied to the pa
175. p 6 From the Menu bar select Actions Step 7 From the Actions drop down list select Add Step 8 SMH now performs a Critical Resource Analysis CRA That is now that you have selected to Add a card SMH s first step is to confirm that no critical resources will be disabled when the power to the slot is switched off 107 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Add OLA a J3525A PCI Card using SMH Table 4 3 108 Output messages from the CRA process are presented in the Analyze Critical Resources screen which will be shown before you can proceed The messages displayed on this screen and the availability to continue on from it OK button activated depend on the results of the analysis Three Possible Critical Resource Analysis CRA Outcomes Screen Buttons Outcome Notes A Activate User Actions Displays d No At this point you No affected OK and Click Cancel to critical can still cancel resources are halt the operation no resources the replacement critical or Cancel change to the identified process in use and system Or a ae Click OK to take Analysis you to the next step complete messages Critical SMH will not Detailed Cancel Click Cancel to resource s allow the message halt the operation operation to describing the with no change to identified proceed affected the system critical resource Other SMH reports Detailed OK and Click Cancel
176. ping 195 25 0 13 Do not use aliases for example as defined in etc hosts since this may introduce other errors Use the Break key or Ctrl C to terminate ping if you have not set the number of packets with the n option Note 5 2 Checking your IP over X 25 Configuration If ping returns errors such as 100 packet loss or Network Unreachable use x25stat a to check your address configuration The most likely causes of problems are e No IP address was specified when X 25 was initialized either in the X 25 configuration file or as a command line option to the x25init command e IP to X 121 address mapping has not been initialized using the a option with the x25init command e The IP address is incorrect e The mapping of your IP address to your X 121 address is incorrect Check the IP to X 121 map table file the default file is etc x25 ip_to_x121_map If no IP communication is possible ping to a local IP address fails and netstat a shows no entries despite the fact that x25init reported a successful IP mapping the likely cause is e the device x25_card_device parameter has not been added to the etc x25 ip_to_x121_ map file See the section IP to X 121 Address Mapping Table in this chapter You can also use the netstat command with the r option to get information about IP addresses associated with a particular interface Note 5 3 Exit Your local IP over X 25 configuration is correct You c
177. r the modem eliminator according either to the modem vendor s specification sheet or the instructions provided by the network provider Installing Multiple X 25 Interface Cards When installing multiple X 25 cards e Always install the cards in adjacent slots in ascending slot order e Always install X 25 cards with the system shut down e Do not skip slots between X 25 cards Hardware Compatibility e HP 9000 PCI bus The High Availability feature can run on e PCI hardware cards Product Numbers J3525A 2 ports Chapter 2 NOTE Chapter 2 Installation Before You Install the Software OS Platform and Version Compatibility The version of the X 25 link software you re installing must be compatible with the version of HP UX you re running for example HP UX version 11i v3 for B 11 31 01 e Disk space required to install 7 Mb e Software install with system up or down Up e Single user state required or recommended No e Reboot Yes Memory Your X 25 link supports a high number of virtual circuits operating at high baud rates Since both X 25 and the BSD sockets API may store a certain amount of data for each socket circuit HP recommends that you check that your system has enough memory to handle the number of VCs you plan to use A few guidelines to help you are provided below Related Parameters e Level 3 window size W in formulas below as configured in the x25config file e Level 3 packet size P in formu
178. r the x25ifstate command directly depending on your configuration Package Control Script Location location of the script to start stop the X 25 link and execute the service s X 25 High Availability Configuration General Solution for Local and Remote Failover Package A Hunt Group Connections PKGA Client Package B Hunt Group Connections Alternate Connections Idle PKG B Client when package A is functional DTE DTE DTE DTE DTE DTE DTE DTE if package A on system 1 PKG PKG PKG PKG PKG PKG PKG RKG fails on system system 2 is on i i 1 system 2 standby for takes over package A Package A Package B package A One EXAMPLE of Remote Failure The only file that contains the X 25 commands to run for High Availability is the etc cmcluster pkg control sh file one per X 25 package AND COMMANDS pkg1 Service_Name_01 same SERVICE_NAME as in pkg conf usr sbin x25ifstate d dev x25_1 H t 5 0 wow service names which define the applications that rely on the X 25 add below th card 78 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature e g SERVICE_NAME 1 lt other name gt SERVICE_CMD 1 lt other monitor gt START OF CUSTOMER DEFINED FUNCTIONS function customer_defined_run_cmds ADD customer defined run commands do nothing instru
179. rd using SMH How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Card using SMH WARNING When performing online replacemant the stack for all the ports of the interface card under consideration will be stopped before repalcement They will be restarted after the repalcement Thus any user application which has open connections will receive DISCONNECT messages The connections will have to be re established after successful replacement of the interface card Step 1 Start SMH Step 2 From the SMH Areas screen select PeripheralDevices Step 3 From the PeripheralDevices screen select Cards Step 4 From the I O Cards screen view the list of available I O cards Select from the possible entries mentioned below e HP J3525A PCI 2 port PSI card Step 5 From the Menu bar select Actions Step 6 From the Actions drop down list select Replace Step 7 SMH now performs a Critical Resource Analysis CRA That is now Chapter 4 that you have selected to Replace a card SMH s first step is to confirm that no critical resources will be disabled when the card is taken off line 103 OLA R Overview and Concepts How to On line Replace OLR a J3525A PCI Card using SMH Table 4 2 104 Output messages from the CRA process are presented in the Analyze Critical Resources screen which will be shown before you can proceed The messages displayed on this screen and the availability to continue on from it OK button activated depend on t
180. rface Dual port cards have two interfaces In this context an interface is the same as a port System Administration Manager SAM is deprecated on HP UX 11i v3 and replaced with the enhanced HP System Management Homepage HP SMH Users who attempt to start SAM from the command line interface are automatically redirected to the SMH user interface SMH can be run directly in a web browser window by entering http hostname 2301 In the Graphical User Interface GUD after logging in the SMH main menu is displayed Select Tools gt networking and communications gt network interface cards gt choose X 25 For more information on SMH see the HP System Management Homepage Release Notes Part Number 381383 009 on http docs hp com Using SMH Follow the steps below to start SMH and display the Configure X 25 Card window Make sure that you are logged in as root Then at the HP UX prompt enter smh Chapter 3 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 NOTE Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link To run SMH in the background type smh 4 At the SMH main window select Tools menu SMH displays numerous object lists Double click on the Network Services Configuration menu SMH displays an object list that shows all network interfaces devices installed in your system SMH displays each port for multi port cards as a unique interface with its hardware path and name Interfaces are listed in or
181. rives This option is useful for troubleshooting because it lets you monitor events in real time t records Lets you specify how many records you want to format from the end of the file This enables you to get the most recent information The maximum number of records is 1000 By default all records are formatted f file _ name 181 Tracing and Logging Utilities netfmt Use this option to specify the binary file containing the log or trace data This is the name of the TRCO file that was specified when nett1 was run the first time with the traceonand file options By default data is read from standard input v Enables verbose mode but also gives the full data output for each packet header see Examples section below N Enables Nice formatting of output Only packet headers and the first few lines of the main data output are displayed Only the data length is provided in addition to the packet header to make the output easier to read see Examples section below 1 one Enables terse short mode formatting of each traced packet on a single line Output lines will be more than 80 characters long if the L and or T options are used see Examples section below 1 small letter 1 Use this option when you send formatted trace data to a line printer to turn off inverse video highlighting of all trace fields Examples To format the file tmp tracex25 TRCO in verbose mode packet
182. rk that is on the other side of gateways do not need to have map table entries For more information refer to the routing description in this section 218 Chapter 8 Appendix A Using Non English Subscription Forms 219 Using Non English Subscription Forms Subscription Form Translations Table A 1 220 Subscription Form Translations This appendix lists the English SMH dialog field equivalents for terms that appear on your French Italian German or Spanish subscription form Use this information to locate the English SMH dialog field equivalents of these terms Terms are listed in order of appearance Online help using the Help button is available for each field French TRANSPAC Subscription Form English on SMH dialogs French on subscription form X 25 Address No Transpac Network Carrier Type TRANSPAC Permanent Quantity Nombre V L CVP Switched inbound Quantity Nombre V L CVC Arriv e Switched two way Quantity Nombre V L CVC Mixte Switched outbound Quantity Nombre V L CVC D part Fast Accept Selected Acceptation s lection rapide Flow Control Negotiation N g taille Paquet et Fen tre Reverse Charge Accepted Acceptation PVC TAD Default Packet Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Longueur paquet Default Window Size Inbound amp Outbound Switched VC Flow Control Taille de la fen
183. rk interface For single port cards the code for the sub option is the decimal equivalent of 30 n both expressed in hexadecimal where nis the card instance number For example for the interface defined by the device file 187 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace x25_1 the sub would be 49 48 1 49 See the table below for more examples of the codes to be used for specific interfaces Table 7 5 Single port Subnet Interface Codes Card Calculation Sub code hexadecimal decimal First card 0 x25_0 30 0 30 48 Second card 1 x25_1 30 1 31 49 Third card 2 x25_2 30 2 32 50 For dual port cards the sub code is the decimal equivalent to the four digit hexadecimal composite of the place holder code 70 the card instance number 30 The example below shows the calculation for the interface defined by the device file x25_0p1 NOTE The sub code for dual port cards will be the same for both ports Figure 7 2 o Device File x25 Opl I place holder w card instance number 7030 convert to decimal Sub code 282720 188 Chapter 7 NOTE Table 7 6 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace A simple way to think of dual port sub codes is as the decimal equivalent of 7030 n expressed in hexadecimal where nis the card instance number For example for the device file x25_1p2 the sub in hexadecimal wo
184. s If an X 121 address is given it must also exist in the remote x121 field in the pad_em section of the x29hosts file You do NOT need to have pad_em entries in the x29hosts file You can specify all of the above parameters at the command line when you run padem Chapter 6 PAD Services Local PAD Emulation padem Command line options are given priority over those in the x29hosts file If options are not specified at the command line or in the x29hosts file the programmatic access name associated with dev x25_0 is used for call setup the logging level is set to 1 the reverse charge option is disabled and the default X 3 profile values are used Chapter 6 159 PAD Services PAD Commands 160 PAD Commands PAD command signals are grouped into the X 28 PAD command set defined by CCITT X 28 recommendations and include an extended command set providing additional functionality X 28 PAD Command Set Cir int par Clears a virtual circuit VC disconnecting the VC from the remote host Transmits an interrupt to the remote host Displays all of the X 3 parameters and their current values The format for the display is X 3 parameter number current value prof profile_id reset set n v n v Interprets a prepared set of command signals from a profile Profiles must be placed in the file etc x25 x3config Resets a virtual circuit VC When a VC is reset all data received but unread is
185. s the package and starts the migration towards a second system The X 121 address of the first package is taken over by the second system from the X 25 configuration file Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature X 25 Cluster Definition To configure a High Availability cluster use SMH to define all cluster systems by giving their NODE_NAME NETWORK_INTERFACE HEARTBEAT_IP X 25 Commands to be Configured in High Availability Packages Start X 25 link x25init c x25config a ipmap d x25dev see x25init 1m Stop X 25 link x25stop d x25dev see x25stop 1m Monitor X 25 link x25ifstate d x25dev H see x25ifstate 1m X 25 Package Definition An X 25 package is needed for each HA X 25 node This package allows HP MC ServiceGuard to automatically e start the X 25 link x25init command when the X 25 package starts e start a process x25ifstate command to monitor the state of the X 25 link e stop the failed X 25 package before migrating to a backup node To define each X 25 package you need Package Name to identify the X 25 package Use a name such as x25pkgl Service Name to monitor the X 25 link to be managed Service Command 77 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature Example 3 4 SERVICE NAMES SERVICE_NAME 0 SERVICE_CMD 0 SERVICE_RESTART to monitor the X 25 link status It could be either a script based on x25ifstate o
186. sion If this entry is included in the etc x25 x29hosts file the configuration name and its set of X 3 parameters must also be specified in the etc x25 x3config file If more than one X 3 configuration set with the same name exists in x3config the first one is used X 3 parameters are not downloaded unless both the X 3 configuration set name and the parameters are given application Optional Used with cudto specify the full path name of the application to be launched when the connection is established maximum 80 characters no wildcards See Launching applications automatically below for more information cud Optional Specifies a yes or no condition Legal values for this field are enable or yes disable or no See Launching applications automatically below for more information on this Launching Applications Automatically A user level application can be launched automatically by configuring the application and cud fields in the pad_spt section of the x29hosts file The application parameter specifies the name of the user application or script to be automatically launched when the connection is established The cud parameter is used like an on off switch to enable or disable the use of Call User Data CUD instructions If you are using a UNIX script it must contain the character string bin ksh at the beginning of the first line If this string is not included the system will return an error code If th
187. st be configured with the correct routing entries For example if an XOL interface on the host is connected to a CISCO router and the XOL configuration on the host is identical to the configuration in the previous example the following configuration is required Chapter 3 59 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 60 Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step e To enable the cmns complete the following steps Run the following command at the CISCO console Configure Terminal Run the following command at the CISCO console Interface fastethernet 1 0 Run the following command at the CISCO console cmns enable Run the following command at the CISCO console lt Ctrl Z gt e To add routing entries to X 25 routing table complete the following steps Run the following command at the CISCO console Configure Terminal Run the following command at the CISCO console x25 route 7111 interface FastEthernet1 10 mac 0011 0a80 31d6 Run the following command at the CISCO console x25 route 7222 interface FastEthernet1 10 mac 0800 09c4 728a Run the following command at the CISCO console lt Ctr1 Z gt Starting and Stopping Configuration Starting To initialize the x25overllc2 devices execute the x25init command with the L option at the command prompt The syntax for execution is x25init c lt config_file gt L lt llc2_config_file gt Chapt
188. switch might be the source of your connection problem you can set up a back to back configuration to test the circuit without the PAD switch To set up a back to back connection on a single host you connect one card to another card on the same host through a modem eliminator as shown below The modem eliminator provides the necessary clocking for the DCE The most common modem eliminators are RS 232 and V 35 HOST Card 1 Card 2 Modem Eliminator In order for two cards on the same host to communicate one card must be configured as the DTE and the other card as DCE To set up a card as DCE use the x25init command and enter DCE_80 DCE_84 or DCE_88 according to the standard you are using in the networktype parameter You must also make sure that the two cards are using compatible level 2 parameters Once both cards are initialized you can run x25check and x25server to verify the connections If x25check completes successfully in this setup but does not complete successfully with the switch in place the switch is incorrectly configured Check with your network provider for correct switch configuration 211 Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands NOTE 212 Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands This section provides a brief summary of X 25 commands and indicates where further information can be found Examples of x25init and the syntax f
189. t Configure Virtual Circuits The following dialog appears o Configure X 25 Virtual Circuits VCs epeire _ Permanent Switched inbound Switched two way Switched outbound Starting Logical Quantity Circuit ID Step 2 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions When you configure the Quantity column starting with the number of Permanent VCs SMH automatically fills in the starting Logical Circuit Identification LCI as you Tab between fields DCE_80 DCE_84 DTE_84 DTE_88 DATAPAC DATEXP_AUSTRIA DDN DDXP LUXPAC PSS TYMNET IBERPAC Figure 3 2 below 34 Chapter 3 Table 3 2 Step 3 Step 1 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Field Descriptions Permanent Number of Permanent VCs Use the value given Quantity on your subscription form Switched Number of Switched inbound VCs Use the inbound value given on your subscription form Quantity Switched Number of Switched two way VCs Use the two way value given on your subscription form Quantity Switched Number of Switched outbound VCs Use the outbound value given on your subscription form Quantity Click on OK to return to the Configure X 25 Card window when you have finished configuring X 25 Virtual Circuits Configuring an Internet Address Follow the steps below to configure an Internet address From the Configure X 25 Card
190. t class negotiation facility in a CALL ACCEPTED or CALL CONFIRM packet has been found to be invalid because it contains values outside of the allowed range specified by the configuration and previous call setup packet For DDN configured interfaces the parameter field ofthe DDN standard or DDN precedence facility in a call setup packet has been found to be invalid because it contains values not allowed by the DDN X 25 Host Interface Specification BBN83 67 CLEAR Invalid called address Unknown called address Called address contains a non BCD digit i e a half byte with a value other than 0 through 9 68 CLEAR Invalid calling address Calling address contains a non BCD digit i e a half byte with a value other than 0 through 9 Last digit of address field is not 0 and the total number of digits present in address field is odd Appendix C 249 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 5 Call Setup Call Clearing or Registration Problem Continued 69 CLEAR Invalid facility registration length Length of the facility field is greater than the maximum allowed by the configured revision level of CCITT X 25 Recommendation 63 for 1980 109 for 1984 The condition will result in an error returned to the user instead of generation of CLEAR if it is detected in CALL REQUEST No combination of facilities can equal the value indicated in the packet s fa
191. t the virtual circuit specified in the command line is 64 in decimal The LCN shown in the example output is displayed as 40 the hexadecimal equivalent of 64 x25stat t 64 d x25_0 PER VC STATISTICS FOR X25 Subnetwork 0 LCN 040 hexadecimal User ID 2 13 Call direction outward To DTE 2202 To DTE 202 vc state 6 Datatransfer Packet type TX RX Call 1 0 Call confirm 0 1 Data 422 421 Interrupt 0 0 RNR 0 0 RR 0 421 Reset 0 0 Reset confirm 0 0 Clear 0 0 Clear confirm 0 0 Total 423 843 The vc state under the heading PER VC STATISTICS FOR X25 can be Table 5 6 VC State Output on Screen Description Meaning 3 P2 CALL REQUEST sent but not yet replied Chapter 5 123 Diagnostic Utilities x25stat Table 5 6 VC State Continued 4 P3 INCOMING CALL received but not yet replied 6 Datatransfer Connection established 7 DXE busy RNR sent 8 D2 RESET REQUEST sent but not yet replied 19 DXE resetting RESET INDICATION received but not yet replied 20 P6 CLEAR REQUEST sent but not yet replied a DXE is DCE or DTE Example 4 Displaying Global X 25 Level 3 Statistics x25stat x d x25_0 SUBNETWORK STATISTICS FOR X25 Subnetwork ID State Restart Request Restart Confirm Calls out in Calls Accepts Reset Request Reset Confirm Packets total Bytes total 0 Connected and resolved DXE TX RX
192. tep 5 Click on OK to return to the Configure X 25 Card window when you have finished configuring the Internet address Step 1 Verifying Level 3 Values If you subscribe to a public network the network provider will supply the appropriate settings for most level 3 parameters These settings will differ depending on the network provider and the type of service to which you subscribe Refer to your Network Subscription Form for the correct values for your configuration Follow the steps below to verify level 3 values At the Configure X 25 Card window select Verify Level 3 Values The following dialog appears 39 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Figure 3 5 Verify Level 3 Values Verify Level 3 Values hpatm 159 Yes Fast Select Accepted Flow Control Negotiation Yes Reverse Charge Accepted Throughput Class Negotiation Modify Flow Control Settings Modify Throughput Class Settings Cancel Step 2 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the field descriptions below Table 3 6 Verify Level 3 Values Field Descriptions Fast Select Accepted If fast select is enabled Yes up to 128 octets of information can be transferred in call request and clear packets The default is No disabled See your subscription form Flow Control Negotiation The default is No disabled Use the value given on your subscription form Reverse Charge Acc
193. tion was requested detected in CALL REQUEST CLEAR was not generated 76 CLEAR Facility not When system was configured to handle IP over provided when X 25 as per DDN specifications CALL expected INDICATION for IP did not have DDN standard selection facility code CATEGORY Miscellaneous x ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 83 CLEAR Inconsistent Q The connection was cleared due to an bit setting inconsistent Q bit found in the packet International Problem and Maintenance i ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 113 CLEAR Remote The remote network is not operational network problem 115 CLEAR International Connection to the PSN is not currently available link out of network not operational order 121 CLEAR Unknown The CALL could not be routed because the DNIC called DNIC in the called address is unknown 122 CLEAR Maintenance System administrator shut down specific VC or RESET action the entire interface DTE Specific Signals Table C 8 Diagnostic ISO Description Explanation Appendix C 251 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 8 DTE Specific Signals Continued 160 CLEAR DTE specific CALL INDICATION with reverse charge RESET signal generic requested has been received and reverse charge is configured to be rejected by system CALL INDICATION with reverse charge requested has been received by IP and reverse charge is configured to be r
194. ts a line feed when a carriage return is detected The possible values are shown below Table 6 9 Value Meaning 170 Chapter 6 Table 6 9 Continued PAD Services X 3 Parameter Descriptions 1 Line feed inserted after carriage return in data stream to the terminal 2 Line feed inserted after carriage return in data stream from the terminal 4 Line feed inserted after carriage return when echoed to the terminal NOTE The values listed for parameter 13 may be combined by specifying the sum of the values For example specifying 3 is the same as specifying 1 and 2 Table 6 10 X 3 Parameter Description 14 Line Feed Padding Specifies the number of padding characters to be added following a line feed This is used for hard copy terminals to allow time for the paper to be moved up The range is 0 through 7 15 Editing Specifies whether data editing is allowed from the terminal during data transfer for example character delete and line delete 1 indicates that editing is allowed 0 indicates that no editing is allowed 16 Character Delete When editing is allowed specifies which character to use for character delete The range is 0 through 127 17 Line Delete Specifies which character to use for the line delete character when editing is allowed The range is 0 through 127 Chapter 6 171 PAD Services X 3
195. uard then starts the same package on the standby node of the ServiceGuard cluster which starts the XOL interface on the LAN card on the standby node For more information on using the remote failover functionality with Service Guard see Configuring XOL HA for Remote Failover Using Service Guard SG on page 86 Configuring XOL HA for Remote Failover Using Service Guard SG In Figure 3 15 primary system A and standby system B are part of the SG cluster and provide remote failover of an XOL interface with X 25 address 1111 The unique user supplied MAC address is uMAC for that LAN segment It is initially assigned to the card lan0 on primary system A 86 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 Figure 3 15 Before the Failover Legends Standby Active MM Standby uMAC gt unique MAC address provided by user LAN Network If the SG package for XOL detects an error in the XOL interface the package is stopped on the primary system and the equivalent package starts on the standby system When the SG package is stopped on system A the XOL interfaces and optionally applications on the failed LAN card are stopped An attempt is made to configure LAN card on system A with the factory default MAC address When the SG package starts on system B the LAN card on system B is configured with the unique MAC uMAC address and the XOL interfaces and optionally applications starts
196. uld be 7030 1 7031 which when converted to decimal gives you 28721 Some sample calculations of the sub code for dual port cards are provided in the table below When specifying the name of device files in systems with dual port cards you must use the form x25_npx where n represents the card number 0 to 15 and the first card must be zero the letter p is a place holder for port and x represents the interface port number 1 or 2 Dual port Subnet Interface Codes Interface Calculation Sub code hexadecimal decimal x25_0p1 x25_0p2 7030 0 7030 28720 x25_1p1 x25_1p2 7030 1 7031 28721 x25_2p1 x25_2p2 7030 2 7032 28725 x25_5p1 x25_5p2 7030 5 7035 28725 pri Specifies the logging priority level Collects messages from the level equal to or less than the value given by pri Values 1 to 6 are allowed for X 25 level 3 1 to 4 for level 2 and 1 to 5 for IP over X 25 189 Tracing and Logging Utilities strace The value ali can be used for any argument in the command line to indicate that there are no restrictions for that argument Table 7 7 Output Format X 25 level 3 pri 1 Call Call Conf CALL In Out CAA mod 200 pri 2 Clear Clear Conf CLR In Out CLC pri 3 Reset Reset Conf RST In Out RSC Reset Conf pri 4 Restart Restart Conf REST In Out RESTC pri 5 Interrupt Int Conf INT In Out INTC pri 6 Data DATA In Out
197. ument Chapter 4 Table 4 1 IMPORTANT Chapter 4 OLA R Overview and Concepts Important Terms and Concepts Important Terms and Concepts Terms used in this section Term Meaning OLA R All aspects of the OLA R feature including On line Addition OLA and On line Replacement OLR Power Domain A grouping of 1 or more interface card slots that are powered on or off as a unit target card target card slot The interface card which will be added or replaced using OLA R and the card slot it resides in affected card affected card Interface cards and the card slot slots they reside in and are in the same power domain as the target slot In many cases other interface cards and slots within the system are dependent upon the target card For example e Ifthe target card slot is in a power domain and you temporarily stop power to the target card slot you will also stop power to any other card slots affected card slots in that power domain e Ifthe target card is a multiple function card MFC suspending or deleting drivers for the target card slot also suspends individual drivers for the multiple hardware paths on that card During a card replacement operation SMH performs a Critical Resource Analysis which checks the target card for critical resources that would be lost when the card is shut down 99 OLA R Overview and Concepts Planning and Preparation 100 Planning an
198. ur text editor by entering the filter configuration commands in predetermined fields on the same line The filter commands are type not and value The values specified in the filter file are compared against the input values When there is a match the information is recorded It is possible to create specific filters for all configured subsystems Refer to the man pages for net fmt for a complete explanation of the format file syntax Filter File Syntax Each line filter in the system level filter file begins with the keyword FORMATTER FILTER for system level filters or SX251L3 for subsystem level filters level 3 only Entries are not case sensitive and spaces and tabs are ignored The syntax is shown below FORMATTER FILTER type value Chapter 7 183 Tracing and Logging Utilities netfmt or SX25L3 type value value The value field specifies the value for the given type By default this value is on applies as a filter but can be set to off with the not prefix The value used with SX25L3 can be a list of consecutive values or a range of values The permitted values for the types are given in the table below See the man pages for net fmt for examples Table 7 3 Filter File Options System subsystem level Type Value FORMATTER kind all hdrin hdrout pduin FILTER or pduout system level time_from 12 54 22 hr min sec 7 2
199. ure for X 25 over LLC2 on page 81 Required only for local failover support Required for HA feature NOTE The configuration parameters may be specified in the old format However HP recommends that you use the new format while specifying the configuration parameter XOL is not supported over APA Auto Port Aggregation Following are two sample files Example 3 1 provides a sample file that has the old parameters in the old format Example 3 2 provides a sample file that has the new parameters in the new format 56 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring X 25 over LLC2 Example 3 1 Sample File with the Old Parameters in the Old Format device lan00x7c lan_box_id 1 lan_box_addr 0x080009c4728a 0x7e Example 3 2 Sample File with the New Parameters in the New Format device lano XOL_logical_port_id 1 XOL_destination_macaddr 0x080009c4728a XOL_DSAP 0x72 XOL_SSAP 0x7C standby_device lanl XOL_floating_macaddr 0x0060BOA4EBE5 A sample generic configuration file is available for reference It is available in the etc x25 directory and the filename is x25init_11c2_smpl Specific Configuration File This file is an X 25 over LLC2 specific configuration file and contains information about every LAN This file is unique to the host Following is the syntax of this file lan lt gt lt number of boxes gt Following is a sample configuration file lan0 3 lanl a Following is an example of an XOL configurati
200. use reverse charge 217 X 121 address 216 IP to X 121 address mapping description 214 258 K keys Break 114 L logging priority level 189 logging utilities 175 strace command 187 strerr command 195 Ipstat verifying configuration 145 M mapping X 25 to IP description 214 memory loss during power failure 208 messages diagnostic 239 244 Modify IP Over X 25 Defaults screen 39 Modify IP Over X 25 Defaults screen field descriptions 39 modify PAD UUCP services 74 modify remote PAD support 72 Modify Throughput Class Settings field descriptions 43 Modify X 25 Throughput Class Defaults screen 43 modify X 3 parameters padem 74 PAD UUCP support 74 remote PAD support 74 remote printer support 74 modifying level 2 values 45 Modifying X 25 Flow Control Defaults screen 41 Modulo 128 41 42 45 Modulo 8 41 42 45 multiple X 25 cards installing 24 N name device file 114 interface 114 programmatic access 114 netfmt see man pages netfmt command 181 netstat see man pages netstat command 213 nettl see man pages nettl command 178 network carrier type 33 network type 237 network type file 237 networks types of 237 networks file 227 O online help SAM 31 P packet codes RESET CLEAR 243 RESTART 243 PAD 157 call acceptance 133 CCITT 130 command sets 160 configuring remote printers 141 configuring remote support 135 configuring uucp support 148 extended
201. use these fields may be altered by the network the X 25 implementation under certain circumstances or both In particular X 25 discards the clear user data and facility fields of a CLEAR REQUEST when the facility field is found to be invalid for the given system configuration or when any other error occurs When an error occurs on a CLEAR REQUEST the cause and diagnostic fields delivered to the network are silently set according to the error Appendix C Diagnostic Messages Packet Codes Packet Codes RESTART Packet Codes When the system receives a RESTART INDICATION packet the received CLEAR INDICATION or RESET INDICATION packet contains a cause code of 0 and the diagnostic code used in the RESTART RESET CLEAR Packet Codes The system may generate a RESET CLEAR because of an error lack of memory or other condition When this occurs a RESET CLEAR INDICATION is delivered to the application and a RESET CLEAR REQUEST packet is sent to the network The cause code is always zero as dictated by ISO in the IS 8208 standard and the diagnostic is one of the codes in this appendix Both the REQUEST and the INDICATION carry the same cause diagnostic combination Appendix C 243 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages X 25 Diagnostic Messages Table C 1 No Additional Information ISO Diagnostic Description Explanation 1 RESET Invalid P S DATA packet received from network with P S inva
202. ver e PAD UUCP server e X 3 sets of parameters See Chapter 6 PAD Services for detailed reference information on PAD services This section assumes that SMH is running and that you are starting from the main window If this is not the case type smh at the HP UX prompt before continuing Remember to use the Help button in the SMH window to display information and instructions for the content of each field Add Modify PAD Terminal Emulation Local to Remote Follow the steps below to add or modify PAD terminal emulation for a remote system At the SMH main window highlight Networking and Communications and select Open Itemfrom the Actions menu At the Networking and Communications window highlight x 25 PAD Services and select Open Item from the Actions menu Highlight Terminal Emulator and select Open Item from the Actions menu 71 Configuration Configuring PAD Services Step Step Step Step NOTE Step Step Step Step Step 72 SMH displays an object list that shows all remote systems currently configured for PAD terminal emulation Select Add from the Actions menu to configure PAD terminal emulation for an unlisted remote system or highlight a remote system from the list and select Modi f y Enter or modify field values as required Click on Apply to apply the new settings and to add additional system connections Click on OK to save changes and exit this dialog
203. ver with local failover complete the following steps Chapter 3 91 Configuration Configuring the High Availability Feature for X 25 over LLC2 NOTE Enabling or disabling of HA feature for XOL interface is system wide Before enabling or disabling the HA feature on a system all existing XOL interfaces must be stopped The XOL HA feature is enabled by default on 111 v3 Step 1 To configure the standby device and the unique MAC address in the configuration file ofthe XOL primary interface modify the following syntax Standby_device lt standby LAN card name gt used for local failover XOL_floating_macaddr lt unique MAC address gt NOTE Local failover is automatically enabled ifa standby_device is defined in the configuration file If you do not want the local failover feature for this interface you must de configure the standby_device by removing or commenting the line in the configuration file The XOL interface inherits the configuration of the primary XOL interface during failover because the same configuration file is used to configure the XOL interface Example 3 7 standby_device Configuring Standby Device and Unique MAC Address If the assumptions in the XOL configuration file are the following e The primary LAN card is lan0 e The standby LAN card is lan1 e The MAC address is 0x0060BOA4EbE5 Then the above parameters take the following values lanl XOL_floating_macaddr 0Ox0060BOA4EB
204. window select Configure Internet Address The following dialog appears 35 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Figure 3 3 Configure Internet Address Configure Internet Address X 25 hpatm 159 Configure IP Address Yes No Internet Address Subnet Mask IP Address Alias fi Add Host Name Aliases Comments Fi optional Modify IP over X 25 Defaults Cancel The Configure Internet Address dialog gives you a yes or no option to configure an IP address for this port Step 2 Choose Yes or No to configure an IP address If you select No you indicate that no IP address is associated with this X 25 port When you select No all other fields in this dialog disappears If you select Yes you must fill in the other required fields in this dialog 36 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring the X 25 Link Step 3 Enter or modify field values as required refer to the following field descriptions Table 3 3 Configure Internet Address Field Descriptions Internet Address The identifier by which this interface port is known on the network It consists of four sets of integer values 0 to 255 separated by periods for example 192 2 3 6 The IP address must be unique for each X 25 interface It must also specify a different subnet from the IP address of any other X 25 or LAN interface on this system To obtain an IP address see your system administrator networ
205. y nett1 Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities for examples 198 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link Table 8 1 Troubleshooting Commands Continued strace Logs X 25 event messages man pages and Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strerr Receives error messages man pages from the Streams log driver netstat Displays configured IP man pages interfaces ifconfig Displays IP interface status man pages If you still have problems after using the troubleshooting procedures in this section ask the System Administrator of the remote host to check the X 25 link using the same procedures If you have difficulties with high level network software refer to the appropriate troubleshooting manual for the particular software product This section includes the following troubleshooting flowcharts e Hardware check e X 25 configuration check e IP over X 25 check This section also includes information on recovering from a power failure Troubleshooting Flowcharts and Procedures The following pages provide flowcharts and procedures for troubleshooting common problems Begin with Flowchart 1 If you are running IP over X 25 you should also refer to flowchart 5 Troubleshooting procedures begin with the x25stat command If x25stat d devices f returns a level 2 link state other than normal there is a problem Chapter 8 199 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Your X 25 Link
206. your man pages Used to add a host or network to the network routing table See your man pages The Probe proxy table is the NS equivalent of the Internet Berkeley Services etc hosts file See your man pages Displays network statistics and information about network connections See your man pages Protocol level tracing facility See your man pages Dumps the interface card memory into a file See your man pages Creates a user defined log file containing frame and packet trace information from X 25 packet and LAP B levels See your man pages for x25trace and the examples in Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities Formats trace information contained in the user defined log file that was generated with the nett1 command See your man pages for x25trace and the examples in Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities 213 Troubleshooting Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands strace Collects and writes X 25 logging event message See your man pages and the examples in Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities strerr Receives error messages from the STREAMS log driver See your man pages and the examples in Chapter 7 Tracing and Logging Utilities ifconfig Configures network interface parameters See your man pages Examples of x25init The following example shows a valid usr sbin x25init command provided that the programmatic access name has been specified in the configuration file x25c
207. ystem s name usr lib uucp Permissions remote system s login name usr lib uucp Devices device file name Configuring the x29hosts file The etc x25 x29hosts file must contain a separate pad_uucp section for each remote site An example pad_uucp section is shown below pad_uucp device x25uucp name interface0 remote_x121 4085551113 cud abc cug 2 logging 3 reverse_charg nabl x3 hp_uucp pad_uucp Parameters device Mandatory This is the device file name located in the dev x29 directory It is created when x2 9uucpd is executed and is used for communication between UUCP and x29uucpd This device file must also exist in usr lib uucp Devices file for the UUCP system 148 Chapter 6 name remote_x121 cud cug logging PAD Services UUCP Support x29uucpd Mandatory This is the name of the programmatic interface that will be used for call setup There is no default for this entry If this entry does not exist the call setup will not be completed and file transfer will not take place This name must match with the programmatic access name also called name specified in x25init Mandatory This is the X 121 address of the X 25 interface card of a host system where the PAD support program for example usr sbin x29server is running This address is required for calls to be initiated There is no default for this address Optional This is the Call User Data CUD appended to the protocol ID 0x01000000

HP CommonIO Products User's Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents