Graflex National Series II Instruction Manual
Contents
1. DIRECT VISION SIGHT FINDER This is of the optical type and fitted with cross lines for the proper centering of the subject when sighted with the finder approximately three inches from the eye When attached to the bottom of the camera with the small screw fitting into the tripod socket it permits making photographs over the top of nearby subjects It is especially useful in a crowd For prefocusing of the lens see page thirteen CARRYING CASES Although the National Graflex requires no carry ing case such an accessory affords added protection as well as convenience in carrying There is avail able a choice of four distinct cases each having its worthwhile features 24 The New Carry All Case The new Carry All Case provides a convenient means for carrying the camera and all its accessories This case is made with compartments for the National Graflex Camera Telephoto lens an expo sure meter two filter cases the direct vision sight finder sunshade and slow exposure device as well as space for additional rolls of film It is made of black sole leather plush lined and supplied with lock handle and shoulder straps The Sportsman Case The Sportsman positions the camera on the chest at natural picture making position and permits using the camera in the case See fig 5 This case is made of black genuine leather is plush lined has an adjustable leather neck strap which can be2. INSTRUCTIONS for 24x 2 4 National GRAFLEX Series II with Telephoto Lens AONE Mado in U S A FOLMER GRAFLEX CORPORATION ROCHESTER NEW YORK INTRODUCTION The National Graflex Camera Series IL incor porates features made possible by more than 30 years of practical experience by Graflex in the manufacturing of precision cameras Its design enables anyone to make keepworthy photographs regardless of previous photographic experience Carefully following the instructions in this book let will make it possible for you to gain maximum satisfaction from your use of this camera Exposure Guide Film Lock Release Shutter Speed Table Film Indicator Knob Magnifier Projecting Arm Bulb Projecting Arm Bulb Release Lever Cable Release Socket Shutter Winding Koi Mirror Set Lever i Mirror Release Button 8 i amp E 5 5 8 Ficure 1 Instructions for Using the National GRAFLEX I LOADING THE CAMERA Open cover by pressing the Cover Catch Button M lig 1 When the cover opens the focusing hood automatically erects itself Pull Bulb Release Lever J fig 1 to make sure shutter is released Close cover Slide the Bottom Catches W to O open fig Separate inner from outer case as shown in fig 3 Open cover Insert roll of film into film chamber under H fig 1 so that slot in end of spool is engaged in key Note Lower
3. 160 99 Objects moving toward or awa Objects moving towa Objects moving at ri a the slotted band in front of the guides and gently push it back so that the guide pins enter the slots Replace the clip Note The focusing knob should be on the left side when facing the lens from in front IX THE FOCAL PLANE SHUTTER The focal plane shutter is so called because it operates near the focal or picture plane i e at the film instead of at the lens as other shutters do This shutter consists of two curtains so arranged that they may be moved with respect to each other thereby providing changes in the shutter opening These changes vary from an opening full picture width to an opening a small fraction thereof The shutter moves at the same velocity for all eds and through the varying aperture provides a wide range n exposure time The eight settings provided are numbered 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 and 9 These shutter speed numbers showing on shutter winding knob K fig 1 correspond to those appearing on the exposure guide SHUTTER SPEEDS The individual shutter speed numbers have the following equivalents when expressed in terms of fractions of seconds No 1 1 30 No 5 1 125 No 2 1 50 No 6 1 200 No 5 1 60 No 7 1 250 No 4 1 100 No 9 1 500 Added efficiency in your Graflex Focal Plane 17 Shutter has made it possible to provide this group o
4. Release the shutter by pulling Bulb Re lease Lever J fig 1 Be sure that Magnifier is folded down before closing hood Close down the hood by pressing at the sides near the base and fold top toward back of camera Close the cover Second To close the lens door turn focusing lever fig 2 to lowest position and swing lens door upward into locked position VI UNLOADING THE FILM When the Indicator hand returns to S film is in position for the last exposure Following this expo sure hold the Film Release G toward arrow and 9 turn the winding knob D until the film is com pletely wound on the take up spool Turn film winding knob several revolutions after film indicator knob stops turning Removing the lower case take out the exposed roll Fold the end of the film trailer and paste the sticker around the roll VII MAKING BULB EXPOSURES Use Tripod or other firm support See Page 26 To make pictures under unusual light conditions not covered by the Exposure Guide the procedure is as follows BULB EXPOSURES See that mirror is set in focusing position before 1 changing the position of the LB knob er 2 winding the shutter Set camera on firm support Judge the duration of exposure required Since this depends on variable factors fixed rules cannot be given Set mirror Alter winding shutter set to No 1 Fold down the focusing hood and hold down with left hand Turn the Bulb
5. Control Knob I counter clockwise so that the dot is located nearest B Bulb Focus Set diaphragm to desired number Press down on mirror release button F This will allow mirror to raise but curtain will not run down as for instantaneous exposures The camera is now ready for the exposure Open shutter by pulling toward back of the camera on Bulb Release Lever J with index finger 10 holding this lever back while counting off the time determined for the exposure At the expiration of desired time terminate the exposure by releasing pressure on lever J Note When pulling back on lever J to start exposure be careful not to hold the shutter windin knob K Do not allow the lever to snap back at end of exposure but release in a gentle even manner A cable release threaded into cable release socket 7 may be used for making bulb exposures To make the picture depress the plunger of the cable release for the duration of the exposure Release the pres sure on the plunger to terminate the exposure The Self Timer and Delayed Exposure Device supplied as an accessory for the National Graflex Series II Cameras provides expos of controlled duration ranging from one half second to ten full seconds This accessory should be operated according to the ompanying it Re set mirror Wind film for next exposure To re set for instantaneous use turn I fig 1 clockwise so that the dot
6. quickly extended to permit carrying the case suspended from one shoulder and com pletely encloses the camera for carrying The Zippered Suede Case Made of soft waterproofed tan suede this case has proven a popular favorite It folds for pocket carrying and is complete with an adjustable leather shoulder strap The Hard Leather Case Made of black genuine leather and of rigid con struction this case meets a wide acceptance Will withstand hard usage and with its adjustable leather shoulder strap is a great convenience 26 TRIPODS Two light weight tripods are now offered which are particularly adapted for use with your camera in making bulb exposures Crown Unit Tripod The Crown Unit Tripod is supplied as a complete unit with the legs permanently attached to the tripod top This tripod is made of ebonized cherry with nickel metal fittings The length of the Crown Unit Tripod when closed is 1814 inches 44 inches when the two sections of the legs are fully extended The top of the tripod is felt covered with a diameter of 314 inches The Crown Jr Tripod The Crown Jr Tripod as supplied includes three legs a detachable top and an ingenious carrying unit It too is made of ebonized cherry with nickel metal fittings Its length closed is 17 inches when extended 44 inches The tripod top measures 596 inches When the tripod is folded up for carrying the legs are neste
7. spool supports are swung out of way when inserting and removing spools Insert empty spool in spool chamber under Wind ing Knob ADS that the slot engages Propel Remove sticker from film Holding Film Release Gua Dm dire tion taf arrow unrell auflicient film to reach take up spool Thread into long slot with film leader spaced evenly between flanges Turn the Winding Knob D until the film tightens Place the bottom case back on the camera making sure that it is seated against the top While pressing the bottom firmly into place slide the Catches W toward C closed Button Q fig 2 up While holding Film Release G in direction of arrow wind the film with Knob D until number 1 appears in the center of the Ruby Window R fig 2 Close ruby window slide Open ruby window by Sliding vard 3 5 i H Diaphragm Ring Focusing Lever Bottom Catches Tripod Socket Ruby Window Cover Ruby Window Ficure 2 227080866 Ficure 5 SEPARATING tne Cases Holding the Release G toward arrow pull up on the Indicator Knob H fig 1 permitting it to turn freely until the pointer is just clear of the starting position S toward the number 9 Release G and turn Film Winding Knob D wi the film tightens The film is now in position for the first exposure II GETTING READY TO TAKE THE PICTURE Open lens door by sliding the Lock Button T d
8. FOCUSING Bring the concealed magnifier into position in the hood by pressing downward on Magnifiek Control C ha 1 With the lens wide open focus on principal object St interest by moving focusing lever O 2 up or down until the object appears sharpest on ground glass Fold down magnifier Set lens diaphragm V fig J number Compose picture on ground glass III MAKING THE PICTURE Holding the camera firmly press Mirror Release Button F all the way downward This releases both the mirror and shutter 2 at predetermined 8 A cable release threaded into cable r lease socket Y fig 1 may be used Depressing the plunger will cause the exposure to be made A self timing device if attached to the cable release will delay the sure permitting the operator to be included in the photograph IV GETTING READY FOR NEXT PICTURE Reset mirror to focusing position by moving Lever E toward the back of the camera Release the film lock by sliding Button G in the thierartowrs Them relense tt Turn Film Winding Knob D clockwise until without strain it turns no further Automatically the pointer on the film meter has turned and is now pointing to the number of the next picture to be made For the tenth and last picture it will again point to S V CLOSING THE CAMERA First SEE THAT THE MIRROR IS SET IN FOCUSING POSITION KNOB BACK FIG 1
9. ample 7 5 6 is half as great as 4 and about twice as great as 8 As may be observed through the focusing hood the field in which objects are sharply defined deepens as the diaphragm opening is reduced Depth of field at any diaphragm setting is that field in which all objects are sharply defined A table showing the exact depth of field for each diaphragm setting is found on opposite On the ring back of the focusing lever on your camera are indicated three settings namely 4 8 and 16 each of which respectively refers to the lens dia phragm setting 4 8 and 16 When the focusing ring is set at four and the lens diaphragm is set at 4 the field in focus is from 32 feet to infinity When the settings 8 and 16 are used with their corresponding diaphragm f numbers the depth of field from 16 feet to infinity and 8 feet to infinity respectively This renders in effect universal focus performance when customary focusing through the hood is impracticable REMOVING THE LENS Remove the lens and mount by lifting the nickel finished horseshoe clip N fig 2 directly back of the focusing lever free from the lens board Note Turn Depth of field is often referred to as depth of focus 15 6510 137 6 Inf 157 27 gu 12 6 1410 19 7 25 5 27 Sharpness Extends from to 1417 19117 26 7 48 80 47 245 9 Inf 78 10 6 15 47 2110 26 8 34 27 7 Sh
10. arpness Extend 16 to T 18 7 24 3 40710 62 128 s 278107 Inf 10s 3 6 rpness Extend E from 10117 1417 17 25 9 4l 4 E s to 12117 5 9 505 67 iz 9 25 8 56117 55 57 96 57 1817 27 Taf 780 Focused Sharpness Extends Sharpness Extends Sha 187 7 n a l4 7 r 6r 27 from 1710 6s 17 78 45 67 to 17 9 l7 4 10 Inf 22 2 49107 85 57 15 200 300 600 200 1 from mwar 1410 187 46 57 57 57 66 s 75 1 85 9 Depth of Field Table for 140 mm f 6 5 B amp L Telephoto Lens iz 16 2 40 When 120 150 Exact Hyp F Dist the focusing lever O fig 2 to lowest position before detaching lens The 140 mm f 6 3 B amp L Telephoto The use of the 140 mm 6 3 Telephoto lens gives an image on the film which is approximately twice as large as that obtained with the 75 mm 3 5 lens This has the same effect as reducing the distance from the camera to the subject by approximately one half The lenses may readily be interchanged Remov ing the nickeled horseshoe clip on the lens mounting door permits the removal of the re lens Note Turn focusing lever O to lowest position before de taching lens Telephoto lens is placed on the camera with the focusing lever on the left side when facing the camera from in
11. d within the carrying unit the top attaching to it by means of the camera clamp screw 26 THE COPYGRAPH OUTFIT The Copygraph Outfit permits using your National Graflex in making photomicrographs copies of charts maps or books as well as table top studies just as you view them in the focusing hood For more information about this versatile outfit see your nearby Graflex dealer or write for a complete illustrated folder GRAFLEX Enlarg or Printer Many times interesting picture possibilities are discovered in a section of a negative An enlarge ment from a small negative section makes an inter esting and keepworthy picture The Graflex Enlarg or Printer was designed to allow your using the National Graflex lens for mak ing these interesting enlargements With one com pact unit you are provided with an enlarger contact printer and retouching desk almost a complete dark room in itself The compactness of this unit will be appreciated by those who are forced to work in a confined space It requires no installation or setting up It is always set to go Not only will the Graflex Enlarg or Printer accept your National Graflex negatives but will accommo date any negative ranging from 35mm to 24 34 or that section of a 4x5 negative The Graflex Enlarg or Printer will completely round out your enjoyment of National Graflex photography Complete information on this versa tile unit will be sent you upon re
12. e subject These qualities combined with the brilliancy and crispness of National Graflex negatives further contribute to the superior results which lead to more interesting pictures Since photographic films are much more sensitive to blue than to other colors color variation is not recorded with the same brillianey as apparent to the eye unless filters are used A filter placed over the lens of the camera absorbs the predomi nating color and represents the various colors of the subject in the photograph by tones which correspond more nearly to the brightness of the colors as seen by the observer For example if the subject contains orange against a background of blue a color filter such as the National Graflex K 2 would absorb the blue sufficiently to cause the background to photograph darker than the orange Without the filter the orange would photo graph darker and the blue lighter than is apparent to the eye The use of a filter then enables the film to reproduce the various colors of the subject more nearly in accord with their true tonal values The filters listed herein are the recognized Wratten type especially selected for use with the National Graflex The mount is so constructed that the filter may be readily attached or detached from the National Graflex lens with assurance of its being properly placed for maximum efficiency Our Service Department will be glad to supply further information relating to the use of Nat
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14. f shutter speeds all of which permit holding the camera in the hand without danger of movement Operating in the closest possible proximity to the focal plane and utilizing all the 1 3 added light ob tained this shutter assures National GRAFLEX users out standingly sharp reproduction of both still and action subjects In photographing moving objects the motion table will assist you in determining what shutter speed number will be ample to arrest the action You will note in referring to the table that arrest ing motion depends on 1 The speed with which the object is moving 2 The distance of the object from the camera 5 The angle in which the object is moving in its relation to the camera The Table for Photographing Moving Objects page 16 deals with each Having determined the shutter speed number refer the Exposure Guide for the number which will permit the correct exposure 18 NATIONAL GRAFLEX ACCESSORIES NATIONAL GRAFLEX FILTERS A full set of filters for National Graflex includes K l K 2 X 1 X 2 Sky Filter and Copying At tachment dust proof Morocco leather filter case is available The proper use of filters with the National Graflex enhances the photographs obtained through the introduction of correct tonal values These tonal values add to the natural life like qualities of the photograph by reproducing in different shades of gray the varied color brightnesses of th
15. front Replace the nickeled horse shoe clip depth of field table applying to the Telephoto lens appears on opposite page CLEANING Since dust will accumulate on lens ground glass and focusing mirror it is desirable to occasionally clean the surfaces thereof To facilitate cleaning remove the lens and mount from the camera Light dust accumulations can best be removed by using a fine camels hair brush To clean lens breathe on the glass and wipe gently with a soft clean cloth free from lint or with lens tissue Do nol touch the surface of the lens elements with anything hard or rough Replace the lens in the camera by placing it with 15 300 ft 111 ITE ATI TIN 200 ft 9go 9 co 111 Adi 567 456 99 677 9 9 67 779 677 99 779 677 567 Wi 99 150 ft 100 ft 111 75 ft 111 99 Distance of Object from Camera from the camera at 45 degree angle ight angles to the camera 50 ft from the camera ay eco eco eco ego eco 25 ft 254 677 456 799 677 99 d or aw Table for Photographing Moving Objects an Use the Exrosure Guine to determine the correct diaphragm setting Miles per hour Miles per hour Miles per hour Miles per hour Miles per hour Miles per hour 15 Miles per hour 20 50 5 Miles per hour 20 234 Miles per hour 735 Miles per hour Speed of Object 10 120
16. ional Graflex Filters in meeting specific requirements upon request 19 ozuq pur Sujonpo ur pue Audvizooqd peor u are 8109169 OIDs aaoge Sv uros S303967 ao SU 8 03 Jo 34033 poytaodaoou optqs ms CLUE ag 0 qoa CLONAL QUOT P SATA 0 om 107 SIPIT 1649 309 ur dp wax v ospe sy quem posn oprys uns Sui ZION 48enuoo Ays se pax WEAWUNSEspnop rm opo ope se Supnpoid pus d P MBquoour posp qe squosqy se asuv pus corey soyeumuo pue yep Awa se anq Ajsispduroo guey ssopuay uooi on q sp spaga Supting oni pora squoeqy 21 me ozroq Zunvump 41 ons y o aada souqy sesta ueg oniq souoos pue pur 2 Tews pno oap joo10u sqiosqy 4001109 siopoo pooyoroyd TA CUI on 3488 uoiszun Zuren vueg so oneuonpueq Audezxojoud peruo 104 sAmisuosidng 19203 3291109 ur 810109 Te Soonpoidog oroz opeuonpusq T X amp udwiSooud erouos
17. is located nearest I instantaneous Instantaneous shots at night The fast 3 5 lens and efficient focal plane shutter in combination with fast film will capture excellent close ups at night with only one photo flood lamp VIII LENSES The 75 mm 3 5 B amp L Tessar This National Graflex lens is of the Tessar Series IC type made especially for this camera To those who are familiar with lens qualities this will stand for the best The focal length is 75 43 5 imeters The speed is Depth of Field Table for 75 mm 5 5 B amp L Tessar Lens b ls 5 al 22952 LI fa Se f to to A s SR i S BY SISIS io to o 6 E PAREIHE BORER EES x i is 5 5 S t 5 TEREE E 5 uy E MISIRIN Sb i EiEdSEI ESSET 5 PERE 5 1 2 5 3 5 5 Fo b ADEE ekka R a 4 Fa Bd Fed Bd id Bd 2 eo a hs Sd PES 8 Jall eS E EE le 2884 E DEPTH OF FIELD The diaphragm settings are marked 3 5 4 5 6 8 11 16 22 Each number from 5 6 to 22 designates an aperture approximately one half as great as the preceding number For ex
18. it from its use care must be exercised in cleaning to guard against scratches from grit or other foreign matter Loose dust may be removed by brushing with a tuft of clean cotton saturated with water Any marks left by the drying liquid may be removed by condensing breath moisture upon the mirror and rubbing with cotton The mirror should not r main wet for any prolonged period as water is likely to contain acid or alkaline which may slowly attack the aluminum
19. may sometimes be made by allowing double that exposure indicated for Dull i e where No 4 is directed use No 2 Select the prevailing light condition Dull Hazy Bright In the horizontal row of num bers in the windows opposite description of picture and the kind of daylight available you will find the correct shutter speed number for each of the lens diaphragm settings indicated directly above at the top of the slider Example the subject be photographed is a guide classifies li person fec in the shade the time is 3 P M it is a day in July the light condition is Hazy 6 SURES IN DEEE SADE SIRCETA VIEWS IN SADY OBJECTS AL O LETS NEARER THAN S FEET PORTRAITS ouTo00RS INSHADE OR WITH DARK BACKGROUND LICHT BUILDINGS Oren STHETS LANDSCAPES WIH DARK TREES views eRours TARGE Sou SCENES IPRC ARES LANDSCAPES WITH RA Y SLM DISTANT VWS IN THE NEARBY vitro ATER OR WHITE OSTANT GAR MOUNTAINS OR FORESTS Ficure 4 Tue Exposure determined as follows ssified in the second group under the proper exp 1 The subject is cl Description of Picture It will be noticed that July appears in the low est of the month groups The slide is set with the left edge at 3 P M in the bottom row of figures opposite Time
20. of Day Using lens diaphragm setting 8 shutter speed No 2 will give the correct exposure This you will find in the 8 column directly opposite the Hazy adjoining your chosen picture subject group The speeds expressed in whole numbers on the exposure guide and shutter setting knob are con verted to fractions of seconds on the table attached to the focusing hood Where there is no motion in the subject select from the guide the lowest possible speed number and use the correlated number indicated on guide ve BON directly above This is the procedure for most pictures The Exposure Guide is calibrated to Verichrome or films of equal speeds such as Panatomic When using Super Sensitive Panchromatic film allow for its greater speed by adding one number to the Guide lay use and two numbers to the readings for use early or late in the day Example When using Super Sensitive Panchro matic films if the Guide calls for Shutter Speed No 2 use Shutter Speed No 3 at mid day or speed No 4 early or late in the day Shutter Speeds applicable for action pictures are provided on page 16 Allowances to be made when National Graflex filters are used are shown on pages 20 21 22 If you have any questions relating to the use of films other than those tre in or regardi the use of the National Graflex Exposure Guide different latitudes you are invited to write our Service Department
21. ownward and pulling outward See that lens door swings downward to em position Open top cover by pressing inward on Cover Catch M Set mirror to focusing position by moving lever E toward the back of the camera See that the dot on the Bulb Control I is located nearest I instantaneous Because of the increased sensilivily of present day Salji ilta t fold dowh the hoo han winding 5 the shutter This also makes the film winding knob more accessible Wind shutter by turning shutter winding knob K clockwise as far as possible Set shutter to the desired speed by lifting upward on Knurled Ring L and permitting it to drop into position when the dot is opposite the chosen speed number USING THE NATIONAL GRAFLEX EXPOSURE GUIDE Note Exposure Guide is readily visible when hood is held in folded position Select from the five groups under Description of Picture the classification which best describes the subject to be photographed Set the slider with its left edge at the hour of day opposite the line ind cating the group of months in which you are mak ing the pictur The Expos ht conditions into which may be described as follows If and dark shadows it is ht If there are light clouds or haze and the shadows are gray or transparent it is Ha When the sky is overcast and there vell di fined shadows it is Dull If it is raining or very clouds fill the sky good pictures
22. quest by our Service Department 27 Other Graflex Favorites Series B GRAFLEX Reliable practical popular Focal plane shutter gives 24 speeds from 1 10 to 1 1000 second and any time de sired Kodak Anastigmat 4 5 lens Uses cut film roll film plates film packs Made in sizes 3x41 4x5 5x7 Also made with Revolving Back 24x3 4 344x4M 4x5 R B Series D GRAFLEX Deservedly popular because of its all around utility and ability Same shutter as Series B and provides same choice of film and plates Removable lens board per mits wide selection of lenses Revolving Back is standard equipment Made in sizes 50 40 4x6 SPEED GRAPHIC Approved and praised by Press Photographers GRAFLEX focal plane shutter gets even the most difficult shots Both direct vision and ground glass focusing Accommo dates plates films and film packs Removable lens board to take regular or ultra fast lens and be tween lens auxiliary shutter Made in sizes 34x44 4x5 5x7 28 Instructions for Cleaning the First Surface Mirror of National Graflex Series Cameras For increased effectiveness in focusing this camera is fitted with a special first surface mirror producing a more distinct image on the ground glass The surface of the mirror is scientifically coated with a highly reflective aluminum compound which retains its bril liancy in the absence of a protective coating In order to insure maximum benef
23. to Lens 75 mm f 3 5 Tessar Lens Crown Jr Tripod AE i ET IER H EB 28 i ee 32 EE FEEDER aij 81 1 1148 as l s 2144 E ii 2 mm 2 11141 21422 153 aaaeei a 28 FE elefe e it 4 E n 558 la IRE E 2P 22 Filters and Case 5 gi 2409 Sunshade Ficun 5 THE COPYING ATTACHMENTS These handy devices permit the photographing of subjects lying quite close to the camera and are easily slipped over the front of the Bausch amp Lomb Tessar lens The 18 attachment permits the filling of the entire picture area with a head and shoulders portrait A 12 attachment may be used for photo graphing subjects that distance from the camera 23 SUNSHADE This worthwhile accessory prevents the entrance into the lens of extraneous light Tt folds and slips into its own flat leather case when not in use SLOW EXPOSURE ACCESSORY Exposures slower than 1 30 of a second can now be made with your National Graflex Series II Camera through use of the accessory self timer This ac cessory makes automatically timed exposures rang ing from 14 to 10 full seconds It can also be u as a self timer allowing the operator to move in fr of the camera and become a part of the scene being photographed
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