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GE PT878 User's Manual

1. Glycol 96 Figure 145 Fluid Option Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 229 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Path Wetted Clamp on Path Length Traverses Axial Length Spacing Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 146 Path Option 230 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Custom Cp Energy Option Energy Edit Table Disabled Enabled Density Source System Fixed Table Heating Cooling Static Density Edit Table Flow Measurement Return Calculation Custom Cp Supply ixed Acti Temperature A Return Fixed Active Temperature A Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 147 Energy Option Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter Us
2. Menu Item Site Transfer Transfer Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 138 Site Menu Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 221 Appendix A Menu Maps Transducer i Digital User Correction Output Functions Factors Material uminum Brass i in Titani Tungsten Measure Wall with T Gauge See Figure A 6 For iron steel PVC CPVC ANSI Yes No OD OD X PI Schedule 80 160 Wall mm Nominal Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu 1 2 to 48 Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and retu
3. Format View Linear Circular Details Graph Spreadsheet Type Standard Error Pause All Start All End All View All Start End Interval Measurement New Clo Delete All Print Print All Name Name Format Circular Type Standard Error Start End Interval Measurement Figure 141 Logging Menu Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 224 Appendix A Menu Maps Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm entries and return to Menu Diagnostics Calibrate Signal Setup Error Limits 4 Factory Min Signal E Max Signal OUO Tm Signal Parameter Peak Detection Min Velocity utpu npu P E a Delta T Offset Method Max Velocity Set Point Low Transmit Peak Threshold Min Actual High Sample Size Min Amplitude 2114118116 Max Max ES Peak Amplitude Zero Cutof
4. Figure 96 Enter Time Window a Use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired text box Press ENTER to open the box b Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted date or time Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month and from 0 to 59 for minutes and seconds In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry c Repeat step 2 for any other entries you wish to change When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries and close the window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 143 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 7 Printing a Log cont The PT878 shows a message indicating that its infrared sensor is looking for a printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears with this message If it spots two printers within its range it asks you to select the desired device If successful the PT878 returns to the Log Manager while the printer prints out the log 7 5 8 Transferring a Log to a PC To upload a log to a PC 1 Check that the Communications option see Appendix F has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT87
5. Use the selected site DEFAULT SIT as a template Figure 42 Template Confirmation Window The meter returns to Operate Mode with the new site name displayed in the upper left corner of the screen Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 75 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 2 Opening an Existing Site If you want to return to a site you have previously saved first highlight the replacement site in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to open the File Menu Scroll to the Open option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 43 below STI CCM MET Te eis Open Confirmation Open File DEFAULT Are You Sure Figure 43 Open Site Confirmation Window Press F2 No to cancel opening the site and return to the current site or Press F3 Yes to open the site If you have changed the current site the PT878 asks if you want to save the changes to the previously opened site Press F2 No to cancel the changes or e Press F3 Yes to confirm and save the changes The PT878 returns to Operate Mode with the selected site displayed in the upper left corner of the screen 76 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 3 Saving a Site You can save the current site in one of two ways From the Site Menu y
6. 1 The first entry Format asks you to select the numeric format from three choices default fixed decimal and scientific Default provides the default resolution while Fixed Decimal allows users to override the standard resolution Scientific format displays the value in mantissa and exponent format a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of format choices b Scroll to the appropriate selection c Press ENTER to confirm your choice 90 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 1 The Format Option cont 2 The second step asks you to choose the number of decimal places to be displayed Available choices range from 0 to 4 places a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Scroll to the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm your choice To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 91 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 2 The View Option The second option View allows you to select the presentation of a parameter in one of three formats numeric line graph or bar graph 1 From the Display Menu press the P key once to reach the View option and then press ENTER 2 A drop down menu shows the three formats Scroll to the appropri
7. Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode 182 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 3 Selecting the Transmit Code The Pulse Code tab allows users to select the transmit code used by the PT878 to make measurements The default option Auto directs the meter to select the optimal code based on the pipe size From the Signal Parameter tab press the gt arrow key twice to move to the Pulse Code tab as shown in Figure 121 below Signal Setup Signal Para Peak Detect Pulse Code Transmit Code Cancel Figure 121 Pulse Code Window Signal Setup Option 1 Press the W arrow key to reach the Transmit Code prompt and press ENTER to open the drop down menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number of pulses 1 2 4 11 or to Auto for automatic code selection You have completed entering the Transmit Code To leave this window Press the A key to return to the Pulse Code tab and the 4 arrow key to move to the Signal Parameter tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 183 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878
8. Figure 135 The Send File Window in the Transfer Menu 6 Click on the replacement software designated by a cod extension from the folder where 1t has been stored 7 From the Protocol drop down menu select Xmodem 8 Click Send For a successful transfer the PC window appears similar to Figure 136 on page 201 while the PT878 screen displays the program ID size load address and a count of blocks being loaded Xmodem file send for PT878 IDA Sending JCATEMPSINSTOO1_E cod Packet 3524 Error checking cre Retries o Total retries o Last error File CO 449k of 1412K Elapsed 00 06 51 Remaining 00 14 41 Throughput fi 1180 bps Cancel cps bps Figure 136 The File Transmission Window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 201 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 no content intended for this page proceed to next page 202 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting The TransPort is a reliable instrument that is easy to maintain It will provide accurate flow measurement readings as long as it is operated as described in this manual If problems do arise with the electronics transducers or the flowcell the TransPort displays an error message specifying the possible problem The TransPort also has a set of diagnostic parameters to help you find and remedy
9. The valid range is from 3330 052 to 24000 000 ft s Figure 16 Soundspeed Error Message Window Note When the corrected soundspeed is entered a message similar to Figure 17 on page 33 appears Press F3 OK to return to the Site Menu 32 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters cont a Q ele a WARNING Transducer Spacing has changed New Spacing 0 964 inches 24 493 mm Figure 17 Transducer Spacing Change Window 2 The next prompt asks if you wish to measure the pipe wall with the internal thickness gauge If you press ENTER the program moves to the T Gauge Display option as covered on page 159 When you have completed setting up and using the thickness gauge as discussed in Chapter 8 press F2 or F3 to return to the Pipe tab 3 For pipe diameter two alternatives are available At the Diameter prompt the meter asks for the pipe outside diameter and thickness But if you have selected certain pipe materials carbon or stainless steel cast iron PVC and CPVC you have the option of entering the pipe dimensions by a standardized schedule Once you enter the nominal pipe size and identification the PT878 determines the OD and wall thickness from an internal table Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 33 Chapter 3 Pro
10. a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value Generally if you have enabled the Reynolds Correction factor the correction factor should be set to 1 00 Otherwise the typical factor is between 0 5 and 2 00 c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data for a single Calibration Factor Toconfirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Toleave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 68 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 3 Entering a Calibration Factor cont If you entered Table The menu asks first for the data source and then for the entry of values into the Correction Factor table This feature allows the user to curve fit velocity calibration multiple data points from several different data sources or flow variables to the flow rate reported by the PT878 a Press ENTER to open the Data Source window b Press F3 OK to confirm your selection Velocity is the only choice available 4 The prompt then asks if you wish to edit the K factor table a Press ENTER to open the table which appears similar to Figure 37 below Edit KFactor Table Data Source KFactor Figure 37 KFactor Table Tra
11. 8 9 Setting Error Limits The Error Limits option enables you to set limits for an incoming signal When the signal falls outside the programmed limits an error indication appears To enter this option scroll to the Error Limits entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 122 below Signal Error Limits Signal Velocity Amplitude Sound Speed Acceleration Cancel Figure 122 Signal Error Limits Option 1 The first prompt asks for the minimum and maximum limits for the transducer signal received by the PT878 The default values are 40 for minimum and 85 for maximum The E1 LOW SIGNAL error message appears if the signal strength falls below the limit programmed here To enter the minimum signal a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 184 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 9 Setting Error Limits cont d Press the P arrow key to move to the maximum signal box and repeat steps a b and c e Press the lt 4 arrow key to return to the minimum signal box and the W key to move to the next limit 2 The next prompt calls for the low and high velocity limits The E3 VELOCITY RANGE error message appears if the velocity falls outside these limits Repeat Step 1 o
12. Cancel Figure 59 Line or Bar Graph Parameters Window Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 93 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 3 The Limits Option cont 5 The first prompt asks for the minimum value shown in the graph a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the value 6 Repeat the procedure in step 5 to enter the maximum value A line graph involves two more prompts 7 The next prompt asks for the display interval a Press ENTER to open the text box Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Press ENTER to confirm the value b The second box asks for the interval in terms of seconds minutes hours or days Press ENTER to open the drop down menu and then press the W or A keys to move to the desired parameter Press ENTER to confirm the entry 8 The final three prompts ask for details of the graph configuration if you want to use lines plot the average value or show the minimum and maximum values Press the V key to step through each value and press ENTER to add a given detail as part of the graph 9 When you have configured the graph press F3 OK to confirm the graph settings The screen returns to Operate Mode and displays any changes 94 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 4 The
13. 0 260 C Water 0 260 C Oil Sea Water Other Oil 22 C Energy Off Crude Oil Lube Oil X200 Methanol Ethanol LN 199 C Freon R 12 Water 0 260 C Water 0 260 C Water Glycol with glycol Water Glycol with glycol Energy On percentage percentage Other with single Other with minimum and soundspeed maximum soundspeeds b Scroll to the appropriate fluid If you do not see your fluid on the list select Other Note Depending on your selection additional prompts may appear as specified in Table 6 above c Press ENTER to confirm your selection At the end of any sequence pressing the V key returns you to the Tracking Windows prompt 38 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To scroll to other windows press the 4 or P key 3 6 Entering the Signal Path Parameters To enter the Path option scroll to the Path entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Lining window you can scroll back up to the Lining tab and press the P arrow key to reach the Path window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 20 below To step through e
14. Calculated 0 Current o Figure 112 Zero Window Dual Point Calibration Note The factory recommends dual calibration Dual point calibration is more reliable but it requires two known thickness levels of the calibration material Use single point calibration only if you know the velocity of the calibration block material to a high degree of accuracy For single point calibration complete the following procedure but skip steps 6 7 and 8 See Appendix D for more information Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 165 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 Dual Point Calibration cont 1 2 Press the V arrow key to enter the window The first prompt asks you to choose between single and dual point calibration Use the and P arrow keys to move to the Dual radio button and press ENTER The next prompt asks you to enter the length of Block 1 If you are using a GE supplied test block the length is printed on the block a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the length c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Press gt to move to the Calibrate button and press ENTER to prepare for calibration Then apply couplant B to the Block 1 surface and hold the transducer against the block When you have the transducer firmly pressed against the block and the Ready button appears press ENTER again to perform the calibration Note For
15. For large quantities induce vomiting and call a physician Inhalation N A E 7 Storage and Handling Information Precaution to be taken in handling and storage Store between 20 F and 120 F Spills are slippery and should be cleaned up immediately Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled Pick up excess for disposal Clean with water Waste disposal method Dispose of in accordance with federal state and local regulations Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 255 Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 8 Control Measures Respiratory Protection not required Ventilation not required Protective Gloves on individuals demonstrating sensitivity to SOUNDSAFE Eye Protection as required by working conditions Other Protective Equipment not required 256 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix F Establishing IR Communications Appendix F Establishing IR Communications As discussed in Chapter 2 the PT878 includes an infrared transceiver for communication with IR products that comply with the IrDA protocol However you must also be sure that the operating system of your personal computer offers IrDA compatibility and either a built in IR port available on most laptops or an IR dongle IR to RS232 adapter for PCs without a built in IR port Be sure to position the interface in a way that permits transmission b
16. Menu Maps Digital Output Function Pulse Totalizer Data Source Fwd Totalizer Fwd Gallons Units Pulse 10 Pulse Width 10 us Polarity Low to High Cancel Figure 31 Digital Output Window 1 The first prompt enables you to select the output function from five choices Off Pulse Totalizer Frequency Test Points Gate Input Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 57 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 10 Entering the Digital Output cont a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired function c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note If you select Off you will not be able to access any other parameters in this option If you select Test Points or Gate Input the program goes at once to Step 4 2 Thenext prompt asks you to select the data source for the digital output The choices vary with the function For Pulse Totalizer shown in Figure 31 on page 57 the available choices include Forward Totalizer Reverse Totalizer Forward Energy Reverse Energy a Press ENTER to open the data source selection window shown in Figure 30 on page 55 b Scroll to the desired source c Press SEL to confirm your selection d The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to
17. Mode folgende Normen erf llen EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation gem den Europ ischen Richtlinien Niederspannungsrichtlinie EMV Richtlinie Nr 89 336 EG Die oben aufgef hrten Ger te und zugeh rige mitgelieferte Schallwandler Messrohre werden in einer separaten Konformit tserklarung behandelt tragen keine CE Kennzeichnung gem der Druckger te Richtlinie da sie in bereinstimmung mit Artikel 3 Absatz 3 gute Ingenieurpraxis der Druckger te Richtlinie 97 23 EG f r DN 25 geliefert werden Shannon June 1 2002 p 7 Lhe Mr James Gibson GENERALDIREKTOR nsa UV LS ENISO9002 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US CERT DOC H5 August 2004 Customer Support Centers U S A The Boston Center 1100 Technology Park Drive Billerica MA 01821 U S A Tel 800 833 9438 toll free 978 437 1000 E mail sensing ge com Ireland Sensing House Shannon Free Zone East Shannon County Clare Ireland Tel 35 361 470291 E mail gesensingsnnservices ge com www gesensinginspection com 2009 General Electric Company All rights reserved Technical content subject to change without notice 910 219 Rev F
18. Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual iii Preface Auxiliary Equipment Local Safety Standards The user must make sure that he operates all auxiliary equipment in accordance with local codes standards regulations or laws applicable to safety Working Area WARNING Auxiliary equipment may have both manual and automatic modes of operation As equipment can move suddenly and without warning do not enter the work cell of this equipment during automatic operation and do not enter the work envelope of this equipment during manual operation If you do serious injury can result WARNING Make sure that power to the auxiliary equipment is turned OFF and locked out before you perform maintenance procedures on the equipment Qualification of Personnel Make sure that all personnel have manufacturer approved training applicable to the auxiliary equipment Personal Safety Equipment Make sure that operators and maintenance personnel have all safety equipment applicable to the auxiliary equipment Examples include safety glasses protective headgear safety shoes etc Unauthorized Operation Make sure that unauthorized personnel cannot gain access to the operation of the equipment iv Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Preface Environmental Compliance Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE Directive GE Sensing amp Inspection Technologies is an active participant in Europ
19. OK or a message such as Syntax Error Press F1 to delete the entire function or Press F3 Done to confirm the function and return to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 1 Entering Correction Factors The final option in the Program Menu Correction Factors allows you to enter and modify three correction factors Reynolds Correction Kinematic Viscosity and Calibration Factor To enter the Correction Factors option scroll to the Correction Factors entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 35 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 152 on page 236 of Appendix A Menu Maps Correction Factors lO cai Calibration Factor Re Correction 8 On O Off K V Factor 0 Single C Table K V v 10 m s Data Source Edit Table Figure 35 Reynolds Correction Window 3 11 2 Entering Reynolds Correction The default for Reynolds Correction is On This correction factor should be on in most applications including all those that utilize clamp on transducers It makes a small adjustment to the flow rate reported by the PT878 based on the Kinematic Viscosity Reynolds Correction is necessary as the velocity of the fluid measured along a diametrical path must be related to the total area average velocity over the
20. Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 The next value transducer delay represents the time the ultrasonic signal takes to travel from the meter to the pipe material surface To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 171 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 5 Programming the Thickness Gauge cont 4 The signal inversion prompt enables you to invert the thickness transducer signal Signal inversion may be necessary if your thickness readings show unusual jitter or for certain unusual combinations of pipe and fluid or pipe and lining Consult the factory before measuring the thickness of lined pipes Note When measuring the thickness of certain pipe materials you might need to drain the pipe before measuring the pipe wall because certain pipe liquid combinations muffle the ultrasonic echo Signal inversion should be on unless you have received other instructions To change its status use the 4 and P arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER 5 Toenter the noise threshold a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 6 The final value the detection threshold represents the percent of peak the PT878 uses to make measuremen
21. Thickness Gauge Graph Window Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to Operate Mode or press the P arrow key to move to another window in the option However if you wish to adjust the graph press the W key The screen now appears similar to Figure 111 on page 164 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 163 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 43 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format cont 164 Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph Velocity Zero Material Display Figure 111 Graph Window in Zoom Format Press F1 In to zoom in to magnify screen details Press F2 Out to zoom out fully Press F3 to toggle between the left and right cursors Press lt d and P to move the selected cursor left and right Press V to select the graph Press A to return to tab navigation Press ESC to return to Operate Mode without saving the calibration changes Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 4 4 Calibrating the Thickness Gauge Transducer To zero the transducer offsets go to the Zero tab Press the lt q or P arrow key until you reach the Zero tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 112 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph Velocity AZ Eel Material 8 Single O Dual Calibration Block 1 Length 0 mm Transducer Delay US
22. and measure the travel time of the ultrasonic pulses It also contains a microcomputer that controls operation and calculates flow measurement parameters Specific circuits function as follows TRANSMIT SIGNAL GENERATOR The transmit signal generator under control of the microcomputer and timing circuit synthesizes the signal that drives the transmitter TRANSMITTER The transmitter amplifies the signals from the transmit signal generator to a signal that drives the transmit transducer RECEIVER The receiver amplifies the received signals to a level suitable for the data acquisition circuitry DATA ACQUISITION The data acquisition circuitry digitizes the received signal and stores it in a buffer for processing by the microcomputer TIMING CIRCUIT The timing circuit generates the transmitter frequency receive window controls the data acquisition circuit and the direction of the transmission e MICROCOMPUTER The microcomputer controls the PT878 flowmeter s operation and calculates flow measurements derived from the transmitted and digitized received signals Also the microcomputer continually checks for faults and allows the use of built in diagnostics for troubleshooting e NPUT OUTPUT The input output circuitry allows the flowmeter to indicate the measured flow with the 0 4 20 mA current loop and to output to a printer or other remote device The digital output supports frequency or pulse output as well as
23. be approximately 1 2 inch 7 Crimp the strap closed to secure the feeder buckle in place Repeat steps 1 through 7 for the remaining RTD and clamping fixture When you have completed assembly proceed to the next section to fasten the RTD to the pipe 244 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation C 2 2 Mounting the RTD to the Pipe Use the steps below to fasten the RTD to the pipe 1 Prepare the pipe where you intend to place the RTD The area should be clean and free of loose material 2 Apply couplant GE part number 401 001 to the copper face of the RTD Use enough couplant to cover the face of the RTD but not so much that the couplant oozes out from underneath 3 Position the RTD on the pipe and wrap the clamping fixture around the pipe 4 To secure the RTD you place the feeder buckle into the screw buckle and use a screwdriver to tighten Turn the screw clockwise until the strap is set securely against the RTD Proceed to the following section to make electrical connections C 3 Making Electrical Connections The PT878 will not accept a signal directly from the RTD therefore you must have some type of 4 to 20 mA transmitter The factory supplies a dual transmitter DTR with a special LEMO connector that attaches to the PT878 The PT878 supplies power to the DTR using an internal 16 V supply If you decide to supply your own transmitter y
24. c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 50 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 8 1 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs cont 2 The next prompt asks if you want to label the input a Press ENTER to enter the text box The text creation window appears as shown in Figure 27 below Figure 27 Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the name Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to show successively a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the name If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the label Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 51 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 8 1 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs cont 3 The next prompt asks you to create a label for the units if desired This label will appear to the right of the zero and span value boxes Press ENTER to reopen the text creation windo
25. warts Vieni tibet beat da CREE qe hohe ee eh Ee eae ke 178 Applying a Stored ecu Re were duke RR Rs 192 Capri Ee VES arde aUe ends 192 lla PPP 172 262 Path Entefing iota at hs Ce we eae eR 39 SETUP Opt Losses le Ep ee ba oe Dawe ES ep PERS E ba 178 simulate Option ii da ERR es ES reU SUE vert eta 192 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 269 Index S cont Site Creating Message uisu Re E er Un e ER RR I RR e E 81 Creating New isis ciar ed eene T eve ge ce 74 Deleting pec rcp sae VER ER UC at oats 80 108 Mente ei E RR 71 nonu M PF Tc 76 Printing e ce Ae ah ee es a RIS 83 Retre shing du oett eor ERR T Stu E EE IR RA RUNE Ee 79 Renaming 5t x gc RI dudes tU Uu ale AA 79 SAVINGS c Act MERI See Sra RIDES PERN ep TI Saving with Different Name 0 0 eee e 78 Transtermng to PE i cies e he Ope SUE ARIES ISA BR Eas 83 84 Site Manager soeur deg M dpa a AT vate dai queens 72 Sort Men cu oereAERELCePEY e ep RU vts 88 Softkey Cle nng is deren Pen YE ee be Ege 101 Customizing oce tede Rd e e eee teg 99 Software Version cuicos ia LE D Dep eee ad eR E e 110 Sort Menu in File Manager step A Pe Esos eta ess 109 IN THOS Manara ate RR UCET UNES TEE A 154 in Site Managers uou la tu a TR SE e 88 Sound Speed Limits ade aee eee ee ee eee 185 Sound Speed Calculating 0 0 0 eee eee ee eee 168 169 Span Full Scale Value for Analog Output ooooocococoooocoo oo
26. 00 0 c eee 110 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual ix Contents Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 1 Entering the Meter Menu ana eb Iepiwancdedau 112 6 2 Selecting Measurement Units sss creer REIR did 113 6 5 The Battery Changer xo oe etr Xe e e re ee e 114 6 4 Entering Date Md TITE Aesi A naaa Eaa A ee tnit eA ene Na 115 6 5 Changing Date and Time Appearance n n u ccc eee eee ees 117 6 6 Adjusting the Contrast 00 0 en 120 6 7 Settirnig Backlight TIMO iia m eb m eto bett pt n ep peus 121 6 8 Changing the Display Language iissssssssssssse 122 6 9 Changing Communications Settings 0 0 0 cece eee eee ees 123 6 10Resetting Forward and Reverse Totals 00 cece ence nee ees 126 611 Setting Up User Tables sc er besa iy Side ERE REP es 127 6 12Taking a Bitmap Capture of a Current Screen 2 cece cece eee 130 x Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Contents Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 1 Entering the Logging Menu us oett met we Pads 132 42 Theog Mandagersss aras 133 RS Te File Met ERE RO SER dr ere eR RS 134 7 5 1 Setting upa NewLog isssssssssssssss ene 135 7 3 2 Copying Cloning a Selected Log 00 0 cece eens 140 733 Renaming d LOG oret EHE EET SERA 141 7 54 Deleting CLOG ci m boe m ttt eb ep fe ted tdg een 141 TaS Dele tirig All LOGS 25 oto tete Cx e es ato elg maleate 142 7 5 6 Refreshing the
27. 217 10 5 1 Clamp On Transducers 00 0 c cece cence cence en ences 217 10 6Avallable Optiors nm tite Di dae tee e eds 218 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual xiii Contents Appendix A Menu Maps Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation C 1 Guidelines for RTD Installati0N o ooooococcccccccccccc C 2 Mounting RTDs on the Pipe sse teeveen ccc nent eee C 2 1 C 2 2 Assembling the Clamping Fixture 0 0 0 0 ccc ce eee eee Mounting the RTD to the Pipe 0 cece cece nena C 3 Making Electrical Connections 0 6 c ccc cnn eee teen eens C 3 1 C 3 2 Connecting the RTD to the 4 to 20 mA Transmitter Connecting the Transmitter to the PT878 oo oo oo Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 1 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy 6 c cece eee eee D 1 1 D 1 2 D 1 3 D 1 4 Transducer Positioning Alignment 0 00 cece eee Calibration eset e at eee Taper or ECCEMUICIY ertir hace epu tei Rec PR eb detta Acoustic Properties of the Material oo ooooooooo ooo o Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant Ed Product Identification zs orm er gent e eR RE E2 Hazardous Ingredients s c ROC te eate ES Physical Data nominal tere creeds datas EA Freand Explosion Hazard Data s sus utere tc hp Leer R
28. 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 7 Deleting a Site To delete a site in the Site Manager first be sure you have highlighted that site in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 47 below Site Manager Delete Confirmation Delete The Site A SIT Are You Sure Figure 47 Delete Confirmation Window Press F2 No to cancel the deletion and return to the Site Manager or Press F3 Yes to delete the site The Site Manager appears with the highlighted site now deleted 80 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 8 Creating a Site Message The Site Message option allows you to add an explanatory message with up to 30 characters or spaces for any given site To create a site message 1 Press MENU to enter the File Menu Then press the gt arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 48 below MENE File PIGH Sort DEF Message LEA ite Transfer as Text 09 04 00 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 48 Site Menu in the Site Manager 2 Press ENTER to select Message which opens the text creation window shown in Figure 49 on page 82 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liqui
29. 59 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 265 Index G Gate Input vester bee ie 60 Graph Display cem A paige tea shh Ais RA 92 H Help o ono m Ae Ue xp 19 Hyperterminal for Software Update 198 I Impulse Response Option sss oso esotere et ccc III 191 Information Paragraphs 0 0 0 cece cee eee eh 111 Infrared Wireless Interface 0 0 cece eee ee 8 Initial Setup 2 23 ee pe ELO RI va A E VES 2 Input O tput uoto V RES PARS donee SIEMPRE NOR PESE 3 Connections ovs eb SU Sb USA SO AO Se YS 7 8 Inputs Analog Inputs ct e rdg s Sa eed Un er dips 7 Analog Entering coi te nidad etre eb ERE e eR EE 50 in Energy Option cse epe ehh ERR RE 44 46 47 48 IR Communications Changing Parameters oces eee cee eee 123 File Transfer i PP Heer ai e Gases 104 Using Drive Manager 0 0 00 cece eee eee 102 K Keypad Description inccr ee eh OR Ln tee a eww ee 17 Kinematic Viscosity Entering 0 00 eee eee eee 66 L Language Option esie eee GRE a RR eed 122 Language Changing 56 a oe RUE RR ORE RD eut 122 Limits Option cio repere RR Eh OHNE EE RET AS 93 Line Graph Display o ccr rreren edoae ER ER REED RENE 92 Lining Parameters Entering 0 00 eee eee eh 35 Listing Files By Dates to VLA ea wa NE Oe DI CU ens 88 109 By Name ss i sped ae fins ye Pek ee UNSER TIR ES INDE des eS 88 109 Listing Logs BY Date es oni MUR D wr pat e rb pP nape tape S
30. 65 E2 Vitesse saine Figure 82 French Version of Typical Display Note The PT878 defaults to US English However one or more alternate languages can be installed at any time Consult your GE representative or www gesensing com for available languages 6 9 Changing Communications Settings On occasion you might need to change the parameters by which the PT878 communicates with a PC over the wireless infrared interface While programming see Figure 153 on page 237 of Appendix A Menu Maps To check or change these parameters Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 123 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 9 Changing Communications Settings cont 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Communications entry and press ENTER The Communications window appears similar to Figure 83 below Communications Node ID Comm Interface IrDA e IR 232 Baud Rate 9600 bps Parity None Stop Bits 1 2 8 DataBis C7 08 Cancel Figure 83 Communications Window 2 The first prompt asks for the node identification number which can be any number from 1 to 240 Do NOT change the node ID unless instructed by GE a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the node ID c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 The next prompt asks you to select the communications interface from two options IrDA Infrared Data Association and the IR23
31. Battery Status Full battery Partially full battery Empty battery Fully charged battery connected to AC power Charging battery Discharging battery Failure missing battery Notification to check battery form see page 114 2 2 2 Replacing the Batteries CAUTION Replace batteries only with the specified rechargeable batteries The battery charges when the unit is off Do not attempt to recharge non rechargeable batteries If you need to replace the rechargeable batteries use the recommended 3 0 Ahr NiMH batteries part number 200 081 While the batteries can be recharged up to 600 times it is best to replace them when they no longer provide acceptable performance To replace the batteries remove the rubber boot open the panel located on the back of the PT878 unit disconnect the batteries and replace with new ones see Figure 3 on page 11 10 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 2 2 Replacing the Batteries cont C Battery Location behind panel Figure 3 Battery Location To further extend the battery power on the PT878 the GE Part 705 1283 option uses 6 AA alkaline batteries 2 2 3 Disposing of Batteries CAUTION Never dispose of the batteries by incineration Do not attempt to disassemble or short circuit the batteries For safety do not handle a damaged or leaking battery IMPORTANT Be sure to dispose of you
32. Display option shows the thickness measurement in numeric format displayed in Figure 109 below Note Refer to Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation page 251 to learn how to position and align the transducer Thickness Gauge Measure Display Velocity Zero Material Thickness mm Cancel Figure 109 Thickness Gauge Display Window Be sure the Noise or Los loss of signal boxes do not appear Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to Operate Mode or press the gt arrow key to move to another window in the option 162 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 43 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format Used chiefly for diagnostic purposes the Graph option helps to determine why the thickness gauge is not working if you suspect a problem The graph shows an image of the acoustic signal If the display does not show a signal image similar to Figure 110 below you may have a problem with the transducer couplant or the programmed values Also some materials such as PTFE or fiberglass do not support acoustic signals To open the Graph window and display the receive signal graphically press the lt 4 or P gt arrow key until you reach the Graph tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 110 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display x igtele Velocity Material Figure 110
33. E NU eto t ut 7 Transd Cerso3 que RR p RI e et entr dE Cp 7 Contrast Opton iis cscs sis ii a a R 120 Contrast Adjusting o oooooooooorrrrr ee eee ee 120 Correction Factors Option isss eposa eine e piia n cee eee ae 65 Correction Factors Entering 0 0 eee eee 65 Customizing SoftkeyS seese rere ory ec ce eee eee 99 D Data Acquisition eer bei cede PUOI Wa bid ve us 3 Data Sources Changing crror onena ee cee nee 95 96 Date and Time Options 0 0 0 eee eee cece 117 Date Entera a a wide ES REN S ES SUE fn 115 116 Date Time Format Changing 0 0 eee eee eee ee eee 117 Defaults Resetting tossici renoue e e a a Ie 194 Delta T Offset ree ee n is 179 261 Detection Threshold eR epe Re gee perce a 172 Diagnostic Parameters Displaying leseeleeeeee eene 173 Diagnostics ciones cbe e Eod ee e EXE 203 206 Error MESSALES pesana a E sie eI UHR a HEURE RR S 204 ODpUOn inate bead A QU M a MAE d 173 Digital Output Option 0 0 I 57 Display Options esso dati A eeituWes A eee 117 Display Screen oec tdeo EIE PEE OPI RP SUCUS 15 GConfigunmng uo sl cL RE Ee UC EHE SLE 97 Displaying Data as Graph 0 0 cee e 92 Drive Managers os state ited e SANSA Sad E ARAR UR RS REAR Rows 102 264 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index E Electrical Connections eryn nesramen Denne III 6 Electronics Description sess emet censere eel Say hee
34. Log Manager Screen 6 cee cece eee 142 TS PRIMING G LOG sss m t CU ei bU a E 143 7 5 8 Transferring a Log toa PC cece cece nnn eens 144 7 4 The bog MOM Uitte clot utente Mn i Rd dam en EE EE 145 7 41 Stopping Pausing a Log n s snas eee ccc ence e 146 PA 2 RESTA Log sve Ree rr a ee E egt 146 LAS ENCINA LO veis ero a SOLE CN RON RE BU bf DA 146 144 Stopping AMOS uo e e e EN ERU ee 147 LAS Restarting All EOgS x acte tent et d 147 2 4 6 ENGing All 4 3 26 cm t e deett RE ti 147 TUTELA MO ed etu IEEE 147 7 5 The VIEW MON ics etaed ee Vue eed trie d Semet 148 5 Displaying Log Details 5 uua c etm oe 149 7 5 2 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form 0 0 0 eee 150 7 5 3 Displaying Log Data in Spreadsheet FOrM oo oooo 153 TO Wie SOFEMGRU ok eto I REPRE RERO RU CNGR RR 154 7 6 1 Listing Logs by Name mit utet ee oe 154 7 6 2 Listing Logs in Chronological Order 0 0 cece eee 154 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual xi Contents Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8X Entering the Service Menu a2 ze dd rec ev eed ds 156 8 2 Printing Re pOLTSCs es dore ptc tme te qeu dct ba ob nte ad 157 8 3 Setting up the Thickness Gauge 6 cece ccc cence nnn ees 159 8 4 Measuring Pipe Wall Thickness 0 c cece eect eee e es 160 8 4 1 Entering the Material and Soundspeed 0 0 cece eee 160 8 4 2 Measuring Thickness in Numeric Fo
35. Managing Files The Drive Manager On occasion you might want to review print or transfer some or all of the files in the PT878 The Drive Manager allows you to view all the files stored in the meter While following the programming instructions refer to Figure 138 on page 221 of Appendix A Menu Maps To open the Drive Manager 1 Press MENU 2 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 61 on page 97 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the Drive Manager entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 66 below File Manager MIN Sort Info SYSLOG MET DEFAULT GLOBAL TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG BBB LOG 03 15 01 10 39 20 CCC LOG 6402 bytes Q LOG 91136 bytes free Figure 66 Drive Manager Window The window on the left lists all the meter site and log files in the PT878 while the window on the right displays information on the file highlighted in the left window 102 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 Managing Files The Drive Manager cont File Manager File Transfer 5 Info SYSLOG MET Refresh T Delete TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG BBB LOG 03 15 01 10 39 20 CCC LOG 6402 bytes Q LOG 91136 bytes free Figure 67 File Manager Menu To transfer refresh or delete a file first be sure the file is highlighted in the window on the left Then press MENU to open the File Menu an
36. Measurement Option On occasion you might need to change the actual parameter measured in a given window The Measurement option enables you to reconfigure the window with one of five categories of data source velocity volume forward or reverse totalizer power energy or diagnostics and appropriate English or metric measurement units To enter the Measurement option 1 Press SEL from the Operate Mode window until you have reached the desired measurement 2 Press ENTER to open the Display Menu 3 Besure the Measurement option is highlighted and press ENTER 4 A drop down menu entry Change appears Press ENTER again The screen appears similar to Figure 60 on page 96 The left column displays the five measurement data sources while the right column displays English and metric measurement units or with the Diagnostics source shown a list of diagnostics parameters 5 Use the W and A arrow keys to reach the desired data source and press SEL 6 Then use the W or A arrow keys to select the desired measurement unit or diagnostic parameter Press F3 OK to confirm the entry 7 The screen returns to Operate Mode and displays any changes Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 95 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 4 The Measurement Option cont Select Measurement Diagnostics Delta T Velocity Amplitude Up Volume Fwd Totalizer Rev Totalizer T Up P
37. Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 152 Correction Factors Option 236 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Meter Communications Node ID Comm Interface IR 232 Baud Rate 9600 19 2K 38 4K Parity Space Even Stop Bits 2 Data Bits 7 8 E E Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 153 Communications Option Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 237 Appendix A Menu Maps no content intended for this page proceed to next page 238 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions If you are using wetted transducers the PT878 requires you to enter the path length P and the axial dimension L P is the transducer face to face distance and L is the axial projection of P in the flow stream To determine L physically measure the distance between the center of the transducer ports at the inside wall as shown in Figure 15
38. Screen The primary function of the screen is to display information in order for you to accurately and easily take measurements The PT878 screen consists of seven parts see Figure 6 below Status Bar Battery Current Site alternates with Menu Bar Status DEFAULT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM Velocity ft s Signal dB Measurements Delia T ns Volume I s 0 10 EO No Errors A Error Messages System Tray Function Keys Figure 6 PT878 Screen in Operate Mode The top line of the screen is the status bar which normally displays the time and date However when you press MENU the menu key the Menu Bar replaces the status line Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 15 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 4 1 Screen cont The middle of the screen shown in Figure 6 on page 15 is the work area which displays the measured parameters numeric measurements and both bar and line graphs When you enter a selection on the Menu Bar discussed in Chapter 3 Programming Site Data this area displays menu prompts A line at the bottom of the area also displays error code messages which are described in more detail in Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting The system tray displays icons that indicate meter operations not otherwise shown Table 3 below lists the icons and their meanings Table 3 Icons in the System Tray Icon Function Meaning IR Transfer IR da
39. This menu enables users to perform a variety of functions that they might occasionally require print out reports e set up and view the thickness gauge measurements calibrate the PT878 run diagnostics setup signal parameters and peak detection define error limits test the PT878 screen and keys diagnose setup problems with the impulse response check test points return to factory default parameters e load updated versions of the meter program into the PT878 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 155 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 1 Entering the Service Menu To enter the Service Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P gt arrow key four times to scroll from the Site Menu to the Service Menu At the Service Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 105 below When programming refer to Figure 142 on page 225 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Program Meter Logging SAMH EBE Velocity ft s Reports T Gauge Display T Gauge Setup Calibrate Diagnostics Signal Setup Error Limits Delta T ns Test Factory Defaults Flash Update Figure 105 Service Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press The V
40. Toconfirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 60 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 Entering User Functions User functions enable you to program mathematical equations on each measurement You can also use any parameter in the meter to calculate a different parameter To enter the User Functions option scroll to the User Functions entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 32 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 151 on page 235 of Appendix A Menu Maps Set User Function Function Label Units Sym Dec Figure 32 User Functions Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select the function number 1 through 8 a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired function number User F1 User F2 etc c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 61 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 Entering User Functions cont 2 The next prompt asks you to create a label for the function The label corresponds to the measurement type i e velocity or temperature while the units symbo
41. appears similar to Figure 85 below User Function Tables Table Table 1 Table ID UserTable1 Data Points Max Points Edit Tables Cancel Figure 85 User Tables Window 2 The first prompt asks you to select the table to be programmed a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the table you wish to program c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 127 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 11 Setting up User Tables cont 3 The next step is to create a Table ID a Press ENTER to open the window The screen now appears similar to Figure 86 below UserTable1 A K U 4 Figure 86 Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the label Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters and a set of symbols Use both screens to create the desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the label If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the
42. dee MELREBPR bog 203 Error Messages rev ek Re ed RU RU IRE RS 204 Turning On Off 22 3 Sev e ees ue de E CHER en E ee tse 12 Tw ame delay ht ro eae fe RU tem RC eA 26 U Units Option ines cpn e Dx pee edges POR ee t s 113 User Functions Option seis a ee REM E RR 61 User Functions Entering osere i tenn e a a a 61 User Table Option see Rep EM ek EID Re e eg RE 127 User Tables Creating cene uet Mee eer Ree edes 127 V Velocity Averaging oc kie A er OUR REL ECL 180 Velocity Limits sem site eee Mi ees fed ege ens 185 View All Sites Option s GA ek eA sae Ee HER eg Rm 147 View Menu in Log Manager 0 0 00 0c eee 148 VIEW enn HEC 92 272 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index W M atfantys veu A or e V ON HITS rupes od wy eT PRSE Be 277 Watchdog Test Repeat Se 190 Wave Sampling eese ege eua Were y a rene RR renes 192 Wave Snapshot Option 0 eee es 192 Wedge Angle Entering s csssucsdtunr eusan unsure e 26 Wedge Sound Speed Entering eese 29 Wedge Temperature Entering 0 eee eee eee 29 Wetted Transducers Path Parameters for 0 0 necer eee ee eee 41 Windows Operating Systems Compatibility with IR o o o oo 258 Z Zero Base Value for Analog Output 0 0 0 0 eee eee 56 Zero Cutoff c it a Mace eA Ses a ee e eee eed 179 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 273 Inde
43. from the base of the pits to the inside wall There are sophisticated ultrasonic techniques utilizing focussed immersion transducers that can measure directly from the base of the pit to the inside wall but this is generally not practical for field work The conventional technique is to measure unpitted metal thickness ultrasonically measure pit depth mechanically and subtract the pit depth from the measured wall thickness Alternately one can file or grind the surface down to the base of the pits and measure normally As with any difficult application experimentation with actual product samples is the best way to determine the limits of a particular gauge transducer combination on a given surface 250 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 1 1 Transducer Positioning Alignment For proper sound coupling the transducer must be pressed firmly against the test surface On small diameter cylindrical surfaces such as pipes hold the transducer so that the sound barrier material visible on the probe face is aligned perpendicular to the center axis of the pipe See Figure 157 below LO Transducer Figure 157 Proper Alignment of Transducers for Cylindrical Surfaces While firm hand pressure on the transducer is necessary for good readings the probe should never be scraped along or twisted against a rough metal surface This will scratch the fa
44. have completed calibrating the inputs To leave the Inputs window Press the A key to return to the Inputs tab and the lt arrow key to move to the Outputs tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 177 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 Setting up Signal Parameters The Signal Setup option enables you to set parameters that affect the transducer signal To enter the option scroll to the Signal Setup entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 119 below 178 Delta T Offset Transmit Sample Size Zero Cutoff Velocity Averaging Errors Allowed Peak Detection Method Peak Thresholds Transmit Code Signal Setup Signal Para Peak Detect if Pulse Code Delta T Offset Transmit Sample Size Zero Cutoff Velocity Averaging Errors Allowed 5 Figure 119 Signal Parameter Window Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 1 Setting up Signal Parameters 1 Press the W arrow key to enter the window 2 The first prompt asks for the Delta T offset Delta T is the difference between the upstream and downstream transit time of the transducers The Delta T off
45. key to step through the available parameters The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 156 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 2 Printing Reports When used with an IR compatible printer the PT878 can print out a variety of data current site logs drive contents and user functions tables and settings in the Reports option To enter the Reports option scroll to the Reports entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 106 below Reports Reports Drive Contents Global Settings User Functions User Tables All User Settings Menu Commands All Reports Figure 106 Reports Window Press ENTER to open the drop down list of available reports as shown in Figure 106 above Press the V Jor A arrow keys to scroll to the desired reports and press ENTER Then press F2 Print to print out the desired reports or press F3 Exit to leave the option and return to Operate Mode Figure 107 on page 158 shows a typical printout of a drive report Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 157 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 2 Printing Reports cont 158 Bytes Free 797695 filename Site Files DEFAULT SIT 01 09 17 MINILOO
46. or gas trapped in the transducer ports for wetted transducers or at the transducer locations for clamp on transducers will interfere with flow measurement Realignment of the flowcell or transducers often cures these problems In some cases different transducers may be used that protrude into the flow stream 3 THE PIPE OR FLOWCELL DIMENSIONS MUST BE ACCURATE The accuracy of your flow measurements will be no better than the accuracy of your programmed pipe or flowcell dimensions If GE did not supply your flow cell the dimensions you program must be consistent with the required flow accuracy Check your pipe for wall thickness diameter dents eccentricity weld deformity and straightness 4 THE PIPE SURFACES SHOULD BE SMOOTH FOR CLAMP ON When using clamp on transducers both the inside and the outside of the pipe at the transducer locations must be smooth If the pipe is extremely rough the ultrasonic signal will be scattered by the rough surface and will not be received by the flowmeter preventing flow measurement 5 THE PIPE MUST ALLOW ULTRASOUND TO PASS THROUGH FOR CLAMP ON Some pipe materials or linings such as Fiberglass or generic fiber reinforced pipe Teflon and polyethylene absorb ultrasound and may cause problems in clamp on applications Pipes with extremely thick walls or high OD to ID ratios may also present difficulties Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 209 Chapter 9 Dia
47. period To open the About window scroll to the About option on the Site Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 75 below To access data on your specific PT878 press F2 Next GE Sensing amp Inspection Technologies PT878 Portable Flowmeter Copyright 2002 General Electric Co All rights reserved This product is protected by copyright law and international treaties Unauthorized distribution decompilation or reverse engineering may result in severe civil and criminal penalties Figure 75 About Window To return to Operate Mode press ESC or F3 Exit 110 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings Along with display formats and site data PT878 users can program global settings for the meter that suit their individual preferences The global settings include English or Metric measurement units Battery power Date and time parameters and appearance locale Screen contrast Backlight timeout Language settings Infrared communications settings Resetting forward and reverse totals User tables Printing a screen Taking a bitmap capture of a screen Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 111 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 1 Entering the Meter Menu To enter the Meter Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of
48. return to Operate Mode without confirming the soundspeed value Press F3 OK to confirm the new value The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 167 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 45 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Soundspeed The nominal soundspeed for your pipe material will give thickness measurements of reasonable accuracy However for greater accuracy calibrate pipe material sound velocity IMPORTANT This step is necessary only if the actual pipe material soundspeed differs from the soundspeed of the material used in the calibration block It is possible only if you have a sample of pipe material with thickness known to a high level of precision To open the Velocity window press the 4 or P gt arrow key until you reach the Velocity tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 113 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph Zero Material Block Length 0 Determine the Sound Speed Calculated Current Cancel Figure 113 Soundspeed Window 1 Scroll to the Velocity tab as shown in Figure 113 above Press ENTER 168 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 4 5 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Soundspeed cont 2 To enter the block length here the thickness of the sample as measured with a calip
49. shown on the multimeter or ammeter a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other setpoint Press the V arrow key to move to the Calibrate box and then press ENTER to calibrate the output If you are unsatisfied with the calibration you can reset the inputs to factory defaults Press the arrow key to move to the Reset box and then press ENTER to undo the calibration You have completed calibrating the outputs To leave the Output window Press the A key to return to the Output tab and the gt arrow key to move to the Input tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 175 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 7 2 Calibrating Inputs To open the Inputs window press the P arrow key and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 118 below Note Calibrating the analog inputs requires use of a current source Calibrate Test I O Analog Output Analog Input Input Low 4 mA High 20 mA Calibrate Cancel Figure 118 Inputs Window in the Calibrate Option 1 Press the W arrow key to enter the window 2 The firs
50. single point calibration skip to step 9 6 166 The next prompt asks you to enter the length of Block 2 a Use the arrow keys to move to the Block 2 text box b Press ENTER to open the text box c Use the numeric keys to enter the length d Press ENTER to confirm the entry Press P to move to the Calibrate button and press ENTER to prepare for calibration Then apply couplant B to the block surface and hold the transducer against the block When you have the transducer firmly pressed against the block press ENTER Ready button again to perform the calibration Hold the transducer steady until the Set button appears Press ENTER to store the calibration Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 Dual Point Calibration cont IMPORTANT Be sure to hold the transducer steady until the GE wait cursor disappears 10 Use the A key to return to the Zero tab and then scroll to the Display tab page 162 to confirm the block length within 0 002 If the measurement is not within this limit recalibrate the transducer offsets Once you have completed calibration the transducer should remain calibrated until the meter memory is cleared or a dramatic shift in ambient conditions occurs To leave the Zero window Press the lt or P gt arrow key to move to another tab to take readings or perform a velocity calibration Press F2 Cancel to
51. supply the PT878 asks for the desired temperature Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees C and press ENTER to confirm the entry If you have selected an active supply the PT878 asks for the desired input a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to Input A or B c Press ENTER to confirm the entry The next prompt asks if the temperature return is fixed or active a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection The next prompt depends on whether you have selected a fixed or an active return If you have selected a fixed return the PT878 asks for the desired temperature Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees C and press ENTER to confirm the entry If you have selected an active return the PT878 asks for the desired input a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to Input A or B c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Note If either input is fixed the analog input s not used by the Energy Option can act as general purpose inputs Pressing the W key returns the meter to the Inputs tab Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 45 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 1 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option cont Toconfirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave t
52. the PT878 keypad The Main Menu replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key twice to scroll from the Site Menu to the Meter Menu At the Meter Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 76 below While programming refer to Figure 140 on page 223 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Programlit aid d Logging Service Velocity Units Signal dB Battery Date Time Locale Contrast Backlight Language Communication MAINE Totals gt User Tables Snapshot Figure 76 Meter Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press The V key to step through the available parameters The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 112 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 2 Selecting Measurement Units The first option Units enables you to select either English or Metric units as global measurement units for the PT878 The selected units then become the default settings for every measurement that has the option for metric English units To select the units scroll to the Units entry on the Meter menu and press ENTER
53. the analog output This value represents the 20 mA output in flow units a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection The last prompt On Error asks you to select how the PT878 will handle the analog outputs in the event of a fault condition The meter offers three alternatives Hold Last Value hold the last good reading Force Low force the reading to 0 or 4 mA Force High force the reading to 20 mA a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired selection c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data in the Analog Output option 56 To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 10 Entering the Digital Output While resembling the Analog Output option the Digital Output option enables you to set up parameters necessary for a digital output To enter the option scroll to the Digital Output entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 31 below To step through each parameter press the W key While programming refer to Figure 150 on page 234 of Appendix A
54. the text box highlights 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the hour and from 01 to 59 for the minute and second inputs 4 Ineither case press ENTER to confirm the entry Pressing the W or A arrow keys causes the meter to scroll within the Meter Settings options e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Toleave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 116 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 5 Changing Date and Time Appearance In addition to setting the correct date and time you can also change its presentation to suit local preferences You can select a time display of AM PM or 24 hour time To alter the time and date display 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Locale entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Format tab as shown in Figure 79 below To step through each parameter press the V key Display Options Display Locale Separators Date Time Decimal Date Format MM DD YYYY Time Format 12 Hour Date Time Decimal Formats MM DD YYYY HH MM SS PM 123 45 Figure 79 Format Tab in the Display Options Window Transport amp Mod
55. to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired number of decimal places ranging from 0 to 4 c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The final prompt asks for the function itself a Press ENTER to open the function creation window which appears similar to Figure 34 on page 64 b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired function or table and press ENTER to confirm each entry Use the numeric keys to enter numeric values Press F1 Delete to remove any mistaken or unwanted symbols or numbers Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of symbols and functions and a list of user functions Use both screens to create the desired function Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 63 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 Entering User Functions cont 64 Figure 34 Function Creation Window c Toenter a particular measured parameter into the equation click on the MODE symbol in the middle of the third row The Data Source Selection window shown in Figure 30 on page 55 opens Select the desired data source and unit as discussed on page 55 and press F3 OK to confirm the entry d When you have completed entering the function press F3 OK to confirm the entry and return to the User Function window GE recommends pressing F2 Check to test the validity of the function The PT878 displays either
56. use as a gate input it can also act as a test point for triggering an oscilloscope from the transmit or receive window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 3 Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities 1 3 Theory of Operation The PT878 is a transit time ultrasonic flowmeter When ultrasonic pulses are transmitted through a moving liquid the pulses that travel in the same direction as the fluid flow downstream travel slightly faster than the pulses that travel against the flow upstream The PT878 uses various digital signal processing techniques including cross correlation to determine transit times and then uses the transit times to calculate flow velocity During operation two transducers serve as both ultrasonic signal generators and receivers When mounted on a pipe they are in acoustic communication with each other so that each transducer can receive ultrasonic signals transmitted by the other transducer Each transducer thus functions as a transmitter generating a certain number of acoustic pulses and as a receiver for an identical number of pulses The flowmeter measures the time interval between transmission and reception of the ultrasonic signals in both directions When the liquid in the pipe is not flowing the transit time downstream equals the transit time upstream When the liquid is flowing the transit time downstream is less than the transit time upstream The difference between the downstr
57. window without adding the label Note It is not necessary to enter the Data Points or Max Points text boxes 128 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 11 Setting up User Tables cont 4 The final prompt asks you to enter or change data in the user table a Press ENTER to open the window The screen appears similar to Figure 87 below Edit User Table 1 UserTable1 Figure 87 Edit User Table Window b Use the four arrow keys to move to the desired entry in the table c Press ENTER Then use the numeric keys to enter the desired data which appears in the right corner of the window above the table d Press ENTER to confirm the data which then appears in the appropriate slot in the table e Repeat steps b c and d on the previous page 129 until you have completed entering data for the table f When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries or F2 Cancel to leave the window without confirming the table Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 129 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 11 Setting up User Tables cont The program returns to the Edit Tables window Toconfirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Toleave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the E
58. 2 Refresh The display shows the most current data Press F3 Exit to return to the Log Manager Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 153 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 6 The Sort Menu The Sort Menu within the Log Manager allows you to arrange your log list either alphabetically By Name or chronologically By Date Log Manager File Log View BBB CCC ION 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 104 Sort Menu in the Log Manager 7 6 1 Listing Logs by Name If you want to list your logs alphabetically by log name within the Log Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu shown in Figure 104 above Press ENTER The Log Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order 7 6 2 Listing Logs in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your logs chronologically by time of creation within the Log Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Log Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chrono logical order from the most recent to the earliest 154 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 For user convenience the PT878 offers a Service Menu
59. 2 virtual interface You must use IrDA when using an IR printer or transfer application such as QuickBeam Use the and P keys to scroll to the desired selection and press ENTER 124 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 9 Changing Communications Settings cont Note For more information on loading software updates via IrDA see Chapter 6 Servicing the PT878 page 195 4 The program now asks for the baud rate The default rate is 9600 bps a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired rate from 300 to 115 2K bps c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The next prompt asks for the parity from five options None Mark Space Even or Odd The default parity is None a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired parity c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 6 The next prompt asks you to select either one or two stop bits The default number is one Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the desired number and press ENTER 7 The final prompt asks you to select either seven or eight data bits The default number is 8 Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to the desired number and press ENTER IMPORTANT Using IR232 requires the following parameters Baud Rate 9600 Parity None eStop Bits 1 Data Bits 8 To
60. 4 below if possible If not consult the factory Figure 154 Top View of 180 Transducer Installation Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 239 Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions To determine P you need the following the pipe inside diameter ID the wall thickness WT the installed pipe coupling length CL the transducers face depth FD the mounting angle MA Use Figure 155 below to properly measure the coupling length Typically the transducer face is positioned just outside the inside diameter ID of the pipe or slightly retracted inside the coupling Figure 155 Determining the Pipe Coupling Length 240 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions Use the following formula to determine the P dimension ID 2WTT cos MA 2 CL FD P dimension For example given the following inside diameter ID 48 wall thickness WT 3 8 installed coupling length CL 2 0 a transducer face depth FD 1 75 mounting angle MA 45 The P dimension would be 48 2 3 8 0 7071 2 2 0 1 75 69 4 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 241 Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions no content intended for this page proceed to next page 242 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manua
61. 78 remains in Site Manager with the current site saved under both the old and new names 78 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 5 Refreshing a Site You can refresh a site updating the display with the most current information in one of two ways Press F2 Refresh to refresh the highlighted file From the File Menu scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER The updated information on the highlighted file appears in the window on the right However to save the file you must use the Save option 4 1 6 Renaming a Site If you want to rename a site first be sure the site has been highlighted in the left window of the Site Manager Then press MENU to enter the File Menu scroll to the Rename option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 46 below Rename Site DEFAULT Figure 46 Rename Site Window Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired site name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers When you have finished Press F2 Cancel to erase the entry or Press F3 OK to confirm the entry PT878 remains in Site Manager with the site listed under the new name Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 79 Chapter
62. 8 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program FilesNQuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired log in the left window of the Log Manager 3 Press MENU scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the sensor spots no device a window appears with this message and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indicating that it is uploading the log The meter also displays a message if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Site Manager The PC holds the transferred log in a CMr_Inbox folder C Mr Inbox for Windows NT C My Received Files for Windows 98 or Desktop for Windows 2000 You can open the file on the PC using the PanaLog Viewer available at www gesensing com or PanaView software and export it in Microsoft Excel format Note You cannot download log files back to the PT878 144 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 7 4 The Log Menu Chapter 7 Logging Data The Log Menu allows you to pause restart or end any or all logs that are currently pending or running However you cannot restart any finished logs even if they were finished before the programmed end time To open the Log Menu in the Log Manager p
63. AM aod 154 By Nadia A EUM Y EOS S D 154 Locale Optioh 4n cant ge gg see E RAE LS 117 266 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index Log eonun E P n DK 140 Crea DE D ARE dub t dot iS 135 Deleting gt 2 hie bie it e Ue ed ce PRERES 141 Deleting All 5e A AA DADA oR adas 142 Displaying Details lv goddess ala bale 149 Ending is eta ce RAE E ie ag Se 146 Ending Alli ro nu ieaiai Hr RE epe 147 In Graph Porm ue ee e CER GR e CE e EROR REX OR 150 151 152 In Spreadsheet Format lsslseeeeeeeee eee 153 PUDE s tpe IRE ERU Ute eee Te e OH IR PI Je 143 Renaming s sb Ee AR AER EFE A E 141 Restarting sonde pact ane Sos PURIS e tI S 146 SIODDIDg cepa dett atu oS A A actos a 146 SEODDIDE ATE ec DEI RETENTO PASST pets 147 Transferring to PC iis dt RE LI ERE USE ERE D ER 144 Log Manager gt ccd crc LR ERR RREREREbRRE PAP e tee ees 133 Eog Menin CR E AN RC OR HU RR OCURRE 145 Sot Ment cc used eue Ue P MD mE CHER 154 Logging Menu Map riren seiden eaa a A m mm 224 Logging Menu Entering seeeeeeeeee Ie 132 Low Signal Threshold see ts ds ale qt 171 M Main Menu Menu Map sseseeeeeee eee eee eee 219 Material in Thickness Gauge Setup Option esee 160 Measurement Option osuere mere er RERBA MN UR PUPPES 95 96 Parameters Changing 0 02 eee eee eee 95 96 Units Selecting 15x ce dee ee IN 113 Messages 8d stb Be RNS a a utes A 204 Meter Menu Entefihg uice et CREW eS Iste
64. Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 173 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 7 Calibrating the Analog Output and Inputs The Calibration option allows you to calibrate the analog output and inputs To enter the option scroll to the Calibrate entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 117 below Calibrate Test I O IO MT Analog Input Setpoint O 4mA 20mA Actual 4mA Actual 20 mA 4 20 Calibrate Reset Cancel Figure 117 Outputs Window in the Calibration Option 8 7 1 Calibrating the Analog Output The calibration procedure consists of calibrating the analog output zero point 0 or 4 mA and then calibrating the full scale point 20 mA You enter first the setpoint and then the actual value derived from an ammeter or digital voltmeter The analog outputs have a resolution of 5 0 uA Press the V arrow key to enter the Analog Output window 174 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 7 1 Calibrating the Analog Output cont 1 2 Connect the digital multimeter to the analog output The next prompt asks for the setpoint 4 or 20 mA Use the lt and P gt arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER The next prompt asks you to enter the actual value
65. E 5 RedctlVity Datdc ievc A Ce AER hee eee E 6 Health Hazard and First Aid Data 0 0 ccc cee cence ee E 7 Storage and Handling Information s sesser rerna cence nee EB Control Measures rero e RR ERE VER EM du Appendix F Establishing IR Communications Appendix G Glossary XIV Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities The TransPort Model PT878 is a transit time flowmeter which combines all the features of a full size flowmeter with the advantages of a portable instrument This section describes the TransPort features and general system and explains the theory of operation 1 1 Overview The PT878 measures the flow rate of acoustically conductive single phase fluids This includes most clean liquids sewage some slurries some oil water mixtures and liquids with a small percentage of entrained gas bubbles The flowmeter provides one linear 0 4 20 mA analog output of flow velocities or volumetric flow rate of these fluids measuring velocities from 0 03 to 12 m sec 0 1 to 40 ft sec along with one selectable frequency output or pulsed totalizer output The PT878 also provides two 4 to 20 mA analog inputs in order to connect temperature transmitters to measure energy flow rate of liquids Energy flow rate may be calculated for water glycol and water glycol mixtures The PT878 has the ability to store site data in file
66. Figure 93 on page 138 and follow the procedure discussed on page 138 and page 139 to modify any parameters When you have completed modifying the log parameters press F2 Cancel to cancel the log or F3 Activate to confirm and start the new log The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which now displays the status of the cloned log 140 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 3 Renaming a Log To rename a log 1 First select the log you wish to rename in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Rename option and press ENTER The Rename Log window opens Except for the heading the window is identical to the Create New Log window shown in Figure 91 on page 135 Follow the procedure discussed on page 135 to create a log name and press F3 OK to confirm the name The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which highlights the renamed log 7 3 4 Deleting a Log To delete a log 1 First select the log you wish to delete in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER 3 A delete confirmation window opens as shown in Figure 95 on page 142 Press F2 No to stop the deletion or F3 Yes to delete the log The Log Manager reappears with the specified log deleted Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter
67. GE Sensing amp Inspection Technologies Flow TransPort amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual e 910 219 Rev F imagination at work November 2009 GE Sensing amp Inspection Technologies Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 910 219 Rev F November 2009 GESensinglnspection com 2009 General Electric Company All rights reserved Technical content subject to change without notice no content intended for this page proceed to next page Preface Information Paragraphs Note paragraphs provide information that provides a deeper understanding of the situation but is not essential to the proper completion of the instructions Important paragraphs provide information that emphasizes instructions that are essential to proper setup of the equipment Failure to follow these instructions carefully may cause unreliable performance Caution paragraphs provide information that alerts the operator to a hazardous situation that can cause damage to property or equipment Warning paragraphs provide information that alerts the operator to a hazardous situation that can cause injury to personnel Cautionary information is also included when applicable Safety Issues WARNING Itis the responsibility of the user to make sure all local county state and national codes regulations rules and laws related to safety and safe operating conditions are met for each installation Transport amp
68. If the call is not connected click on Connect from the Call menu in Hyperterminal 3 From the File menu click Properties Be sure the New Connection Properties window is set to your virtual infrared port Note You can determine which virtual port your infrared is using by opening Infrared Monitor in the Control Panel and clicking on the Options tab It displays the message Providing Application Support on and lists the virtual infrared port as shown in Figure 132 below Infrared Monitor Status Options Preferences Identification v Enable infrared communication on feom2 Providing application support on coma gt IV Search for and provide status for devices within range Search every EME seconds Limit connection speed to 115 2kbps y ETE seconds if communication Disconnect in is interrupted Restore Defaults Figure 132 Port Settings for COMM 4 198 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 2b Installing New Software To begin the loading procedure scroll down to the Flash Update entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 133 below Update Flash WARNING This will erase the instrumentation coding Choose Cancel to exit or OK to continue Cancel Figure 133 Flash Update Option 1 As shown in Figure 133 above the Flash Update option erases all instrument c
69. N seo m neo Er NER RADAR PEU 80 4 1 8 Creating a Site Message 2 0 nce eens 81 4 1 9 Printing a Current Site abia aod ea tb p ua pis 83 4 1 10 Transferring a Site Fileto a PC 6 ccc cece nnn ene 83 4 1 11 Transferring a Site File in Text Format to a PC 005 84 4 1 12 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 00 0000s 85 4113 Listing Files bY NUME vsti it aos e ret es 88 4 1 14 Listing Files in Chronological Order 0 0 c cece ence eee 88 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data si The Formatoptlons cc eo eorr at vga ee e ed 90 Bide The View Opt Mia la ice IU NES qas Meee heed adie 92 5 5 The EImltsODEOE coco to Foto neo e e UR BERI et eas 93 5 4 The Measurement Option 0 0 c cece eene 95 5 5 Customizing the Display Sieen sssini triis ettn cece cece eee eens 97 5 5 1 Specifying the Number of Displayed Parameters 98 5 5 2 Customizing SORKCYS Eee recte Aid Aina 99 5 6 Managing Files The Drive Manager 000 cece e cence ees 102 5 6 1 Transferring a Fileto OPC eena r cence 104 5 6 2 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 o oo oo o 105 563 Refreshing d File 2o ot tl ah S A de tk dhl 107 5 6 4 Deleting Elles use iip ba Tre pe E dede de 108 5 6 5 Listing Files Dy Name s s aeterna dirt dome totes 109 5 6 6 Listing Files in Chronological Order 0 0 0 ccc eee eee 109 5 7 Accessing Meter Data The About Option
70. Option tab To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 43 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 1 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option To enter input parameters in the Energy Option return to the Energy Option tab at the top of the Energy Option window Press the gt arrow key to reach the Inputs window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 22 below To step through each parameter press the W key IMPORTANT The supply and return must be on separate inputs Energy Options Energy Option Custom Cp Supply O Fixed 0 Active Temp Input 4 A T Return e Fixed O Active Cancel Figure 22 Inputs Tab in the Energy Option 1 The first prompt asks if the temperature supply is fixed or active a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 44 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 1 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option cont 2 The next prompt depends on whether you have selected a fixed or an active supply If you have selected a fixed
71. P SIT 7018 01 09 19 WETTED SIT 7003 01 08 25 STC_2MHZ SIT 6973 01 08 20 BINEX SIT 6372 01 09 20 BINST SIT 6388 01 08 20 2MHZWET SIT 6982 01 08 28 BOOKCWET SIT 6255 01 08 26 SVIEW SIT 6226 01 09 28 1MHZWET SIT 6181 01 09 26 AMHZCLMP SIT 6208 01 09 26 Log Files LOGO1 LOG 161792 01 09 26 Meter Configuration Files SYSLOG MET 5506 01 08 28 GLOBAL MET 1500 01 09 25 1 Figure 107 Printout of a Typical Drive Report Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 3 Setting up the Thickness Gauge For greatest accuracy in flow applications the PT878 can measure pipe wall thickness using an optional thickness gauge transducer instead of relying on the nominal pipe wall thickness In Thickness Gauge mode the PT878 does not measure flow but it can determine the thickness of most standard metal and plastic pipe materials over a range from 0 05 to 3 in 1 3 to 76 2 mm The PT878 offers two basic thickness gauge functions using the gauge to measure thickness after entering the pipe material and calibrating the gauge For the highest possible accuracy you can also calibrate the velocity of the pipe material Using the thickness gauge involves three steps 1 Enter the material and soundspeed refer to Figure 108 on page 160 2 Measure the pipe wall thickness in the Display window on page 162 3 Ifthe measurement seems unreasonable examine th
72. SC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 6 12 Taking a Bitmap Capture of a Current Screen The Snapshot option enables you to take a screen capture of the current screen in bitmap format bmp for printing or display or storage in a Windows based PC To take a snapshot of the screen 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Snapshot entry and press ENTER 2 Another menu opens with three entries Off To Printer and To File Scroll to the desired entry and press ENTER Note An icon of a printer for printing capture or a camera for file capture see page 16 appears at the far right of the status tray indicating that you have activated the Snapshot option Figure 76 on page 112 shows a screen with the Snapshot option activated ee 99 3 To capture a screen press the decimal button in the lower left corner of the keypad twice The meter beeps indicating that it has made a screen capture The program now varies depending on whether you selected printer or file capture f you selected To Printer the PT878 shows a message indicating that its infrared sensor is looking for a receiving printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears indicating that it cannot find a device If it spots more than one compatible infrared device within its range it asks you to select the desired device It transmits the capture to the printer once it has made a connection f you selected To File the captured file
73. Service Menu Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 225 Appendix A Menu Maps Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 226 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Transducer Preprogrammed Units Special Frequency Ti Del Wetted Mere ay Clamp on Wedge Angle Wedge Temperature Wedge Sound Speed Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 143 Transducer Option Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 227 Appendix A Menu Maps ng Material Asbestos Mortar Cement Thickness Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 144 Lining Option 228 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Program Fluid Tracking Windows If Energy Option Enabled
74. T or the difference between Diagnostic Parameter the upstream and downstream transit times Table 8 Diagnostic Parameters Displays Continuous large fluctu ations of 1 ms or more 20 or 28 Displays the value for the amplitude dis 20 28 criminator of the upstream transducer Amplitude Up Amplitude Displays the value for the amplitude dis Down criminator of the downstream transducer 20 28 fluctuations N A 200r 28 fluctuations N A TUp Displays the upstream transit time of the ultrasonic signal in micro seconds TDown Displays the downstream transit time of N A N A he ultrasonic signal in micro seconds Gain Up ays upstream gain in dB N A N A Gain Dn ays downstream gain in cB N A N A Soundspeed m s or f s P up isp ays the measured soundspeed of the ays signal peaks for the upstream ansducer Check the soundspeed of fluid in Soundspeeds and Pipe Size Data 100 900 100 900 P dn isp ays signal peaks for the downstream transducer 100 900 lt 100 gt 900 Reynolds isp ays the Reynolds Number N A N A K RE isp ays the K Factor based on the eynolds Number N A N A Raw Up isp ays raw upstream signal N A N A Raw Down 206 isp ays raw downstream signal N A N A Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flow
75. T878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection Mode to which this declaration relates are in conformity with the following standards EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation following the provisions of the 89 336 EEC EMC Directive The units listed above and any transducers supplied with them spoolpieces are addressed under a separate declaration of conformity do not bear CE marking for the Pressure Equipment Directive as they are supplied in accordance with Article 3 Section 3 sound engineering practices and codes of good workmanship of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97 23 EC for DN 25 Shannon June 1 2002 dicus a Mr James Gibson GENERAL MANAGER LS ENISO902 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US CERT DOC H5 August 2004 DECLARATION Sensing DE CONFORMITE Nous Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland d clarons sous notre propre responsabilit que les TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmete
76. The Meter Settings window opens as shown in Figure 77 below Meter Settings Units e English C Metric Date 2000 11 1 Time 10 08 53 Figure 77 Meter Settings Window 1 Use the 4 and P keys to scroll between English and Metric units 2 Press ENTER to confirm the choice Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 113 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 3 The Battery Charger The Battery option allows you to monitor the current run time and status of the internal rechargeable batteries as well as to condition NiCad batteries to maintain the maximum life possible Conditioning NiCad batteries a process that can take up to 12 hours for a fully charged pack discharges the pack completely and then performs a fast charge Note When conditioning the batteries be sure you have plugged the AC adapter into the P1878 and pressed the power key NiMH batteries normally do not require conditioning To open the option window 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Battery entry and press ENTER The Battery Charger window opens as shown in Figure 78 below 2 If you wish to open the Part Number window press ENTER You can choose from a 1 8 Ahr NiCad battery part number 200 058 or a 3 0 Ahr NiMH battery part number 200 081 Scroll to the battery type you have installed and press ENTER Note If you do not set the correct battery type in the Part N
77. This section contains specifications for the following Overall Electrical Transducer Fluid Types Pipe Size and Materials Available Options 10 1 Overall 10 1 1 Hardware Configuration Channel Options Single channel Mode Options Transit time 10 1 2 Size Weight Size without boot 238 x 138 x 38 mm 9 4 x 5 5 x 1 5 inches Weight with boot 1 36 kg 3 Ib 10 1 3 Enclosure Submersible IP67 10 1 4 Flow Accuracy Velocity 96 of reading Clamp on Transducers Pipe Diameter gt 150 mm 6 in 1 to 2 of reading typical Pipe Diameter lt 150 mm 6 in 2 to 5 of reading typical Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 213 Chapter 10 Specifications Note Accuracy depends on pipe size and whether measurement is one path or two path Accuracy to 0 5 of reading may be achievable with process calibration Range Rangeability Repeatability 12 2 to 12 2 m s 40 to 40 ft s 400 1 0 1 to 0 3 of reading Note Specifications assume a fully developed flow profile typically 10 diameters upstream and 5 diameters downstream of straight pipe run and flow velocity greater than 1 ft s 0 3 m s Energy Accuracy of reading Low Voltage Directive Compliance EMC Directive Compliance 10 2 Electrical Internal Batteries Type Battery Life Battery Charger Input Memory The accuracy of the energy measurement is a combination of the accura
78. U Rd cep S 54 ANSI Schedule Applying 0 00 eee ee eee 34 ATIOW Keys eps DOLOR p arc e anal eee eased sues 17 Axial Length Entering irus eiiiai de aeia iraa a en 41 B Backlight Option ccm e is RR RE RR RE RE E AE 121 Backlight Timeoutfor slseeeeeeeeeeeee e 121 Bar Graph Display nce coto tt Seta es ELE e Ee 92 Battery Charger oa oue ac Ct d e d a 114 115 Charen gs esee decet cep ui ees a e ege 9 DiSpOoSIfig OT os cp AA te eee RAN 11 NA bn ei a RE ee et dee pH E 114 Replacing nere bee den eed Ere RE E i 10 SOLIDE ebat ehe I due gate Det pei deb as 9 TestI p us used we CRUDO E BNET E p ERES Be tune ER 193 C Calibration Analog Input co Sed het Reh gab nue ber D FS Son 174 Analog Output i cect eect PS Eb PEN E es bu eiue 174 Calibration Factor Entering 0 0 eee eee ee 67 Capturing Signals zi or deut a eed ees IA oS 192 Checks Power Up i sc cs nea ee ei ed baw RR A eee ee ee 12 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 263 Index C cont Clamp On Transducers Path Parameters for llle esee 40 Clearing Softkey y icc cha cogs ee hee Won eR epp ox bec et 101 Communications Option sssseleeeee ce eee eee 123 Configuring the Display lsleseeeeee e 89 CONNECTIONS oia dain ii pda deed added tA 6 Analog Inputs hi eR e re kee RA e RR RR cR CURE RR 7 Analog Outputs sus mun thee we beak Be eee E ete Tenes 7 POWGE 2o ruota ERU UC SUE NODE UR
79. User s Manual 141 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 4 Deleting a Log cont Log Manager Delete Delete Log 555 LOG Figure 95 Delete Confirmation Window 7 3 5 Deleting All Logs To clear the Log Manager and memory of all logs open the File menu scroll to the Delete All Logs option and press ENTER A window opens asking Delete All Logs Press F2 No to stop the deletion or F3 Yes to delete the logs A blank Log Manager appears All logs have been deleted 7 3 6 Refreshing the Log Manager Screen To refresh the Log Manager screen and view the most recent information on a given log select the log you wish to view in the Log Manager Then open the File Menu scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER The screen momentarily blanks and then reappears with the most current information on the highlighted log 142 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 7 Printing a Log To print a file from the Log Manager 1 Highlight the desired log in the window on the left of the Log Manager 2 Press MENU scroll to the Print option and press ENTER 3 The Enter Time window opens as shown in Figure 96 below To determine the exact time period for which you wish to print the log Enter Time Start Date Start Time 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM End Date End Time 2003 03 01 13 53 41 PM
80. ach parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 146 on page 230 of Appendix A Menu Maps Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe Lining Fluid ZB Path Length 248 92 Axial Length 203 2 Traverses 1 Spacing mm Cancel Figure 20 Signal Path Window The prompts available for the Path option depend on whether you have selected clamp on or wetted transducers in the Transducer menu If the PT878 does not scroll to a particular parameter it is not necessary for that transducer type Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 39 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 6 1 Path Parameters for Clamp On Transducers Note For wetted transducers go to page 41 If you are using clamp on transducers the PT878 path menu includes two parameters Traverses Spacing 1 The PT878 first prompts for traverses the number of times the ultrasonic signal crosses the pipe see the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 for more details a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of traverse numbers b Scroll to the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 2 The next prompt displays the spacing of the transducers as calculated from the information entered a Record this number and use it to space the transducers Use the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 to assist in installing transducers on the pipe Press the W k
81. adings and available either as a single number or as a table Delta T Offset A programmed value of which half is added to the upstream transit time and half is subtracted from the downstream transit time It can be used to offset the flow velocity reading and is normally set to Zero Detection Threshold Percent of peak the PT878 thickness gauge uses to make measurements Energy Option Option that enables flow measurement in a heating or cooling system The option calculates the energy of a system based on the temperature at a supply point the temperature at a return point and the flow of fluid through the system Errors Allowed Parameter that specifies the number of errors the meter can record before displaying an error message The number of errors is N out of 16 where N equals the number of errors allowed Flowcell The part of the flowmeter system consisting of the flowcell pipe and the transducers that uses ultrasonic pulses to interrogate the flow Flowcell Pipe A section of piping that acts as part of the flowcell it is either a section of existing piping with the transducers or inserted as a substitute pipe section spoolpiece Form Software window that opens when a user enters a given menu Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 259 Appendix G Glossary Impulse Response Option in the Service Menu that enables you to force the meter to transmit in one direc
82. ag it onto the rocket button in the QuickBeam window as shown in Figure 69 below or E QuickBeam File Send Options Help Figure 69 QuickBeam Window Open the Send menu in the QuickBeam window enter the Files or Files on Clipboard option scroll to the desired file and click Send Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 105 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 2 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont QuickBeam opens a window indicating that it is downloading the file When the download is complete the meter returns to the Drive Manager If you close and reopen the Drive Manager the file appears as one of the listed sites For Windows 95 98 2000 Click on the nfrared icon in the System Tray of your PC as shown in Figure 70 below Figure 70 Infrared Icon in System Tray The Wireless Link window for Windows 2000 shown in Figure 71 below or the nfrared Transfer Application for Windows 95 98 appears Select the desired file and click Send or amp Select the files or folders you want to send to another wireless device and click d Send You can also drag the files or folders to Wireless Link on the desktop Send Files Look in J My Documents e amp et E File name FC O Help Properties Send Close Figure 71 Wireless Link Window 106 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Confi
83. appears as Screen 0X bmp in the Drive Manager see page 102 To transfer the file to a PC follow the instructions in Transferring a File to a PC on page 104 130 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data Chapter 7 Logging Data A powerful and flexible feature of the PT878 is data logging The meter enables you to choose up to 12 parameters to log You can also select the start time and date end time and date and time interval Logs can run one at a time or simultaneously Error and circular logs are also available The logged data is internally stored in battery backed up memory A fixed amount of memory is assigned to data logging The frequency of the time interval the length of the log run and the number of logs affect the amount of memory required for a particular log For example a log that records every 5 seconds will use up more memory than a log that records every 5 minutes for a given amount of time Once you make your data logging selections the PT878 enables you to view the amount of memory left You may also stop logging or view logged data while or after data is logged This section describes How to enter the Logging Menu How to set up a new log How to view the data logger memory How to start stop or pause logging Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 131 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 1 Entering the Logging Menu To ente
84. ar menu 1 Open the desired menu on the Menu Bar see Chapters 3 4 6 7 and 8 for details on particular menus and scroll to the desired option 2 Press the desired softkey A window appears with the question Assign current menu command to FKeyX 3 Press F3 Yes to confirm the assignment and close the window Press F2 No to close the window without changing the key 100 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 2 Customizing Softkeys cont ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM T Velocity m s Gain dB 1 5121 3 Delta T ns Volume I s 1 65 E2 Soundspeed Figure 65 Display Screen with Modified Softkey To clear a softkey 1 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 61 on page 97 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the FKeys entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 63 on page 99 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to move to the desired Clear FKey 1 2 or 3 entry on the menu Press ENTER The softkey window clears You can also clear the softkey through the Configure FKey window by selecting Clear as an entry pressing ENTER and then F3 OK Note Since the customized softkeys are saved globally they will remain even if you change site files Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 101 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6
85. arger PC Interface Software PanaView Instrument Interface Software 218 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Appendix A Menu Maps Program Logging Service Figure 137 Main Menu Site Menu Figure 138 on page 221 Program Menu Pipe Option Figure 139 on page 222 Transducer Option Figure 143 on page 227 Lining Option Figure 144 on page 228 Fluid Option Figure 145 on page 229 Path Option Figure 146 on page 230 Energy Option Figure 147 on page 231 Analog Input Option Figure 148 on page 232 Analog Output Option Figure 149 on page 233 Digital Output Option Figure 150 on page 234 User Functions Option Figure 151 on page 235 Correction Factors Option Figure 152 on page 236 Meter Menu Meter Menu Figure 140 on page 223 Communications Option Figure 153 on page 237 Logging Menu Figure 141 on page 224 Service Menu Figure 142 on page 225 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 219 Appendix A Menu Maps no content intended for this page proceed to next page 220 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Manager Fkeys F2 Clear F1
86. at are very viscous absorb ultrasound energy In these cases an E1 will display on the screen to indicate that the ultrasonic signal is not of sufficient strength for reliable measurements 4 THE FLUID SOUNDSPEED MUST NOT VARY EXCESSIVELY The TransPort will tolerate relatively wide but slow changes in fluid soundspeed due to changes in fluid composition and temperature However if you are measuring a fluid that is considerably different from the fluid programmed into the TransPort you may have to adjust the meter for the new fluid Refer to Chapter 3 Programming Site Data on page 37 208 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 3 2 Pipe Problems Improper pipe conditions and or flowcell installation can cause problems with fluid flow measurement Check the items below if you suspect this class of problem Contact the factory for unsolved pipe related problems 1 THEINSIDE OF THE PIPE OR FLOWCELL MUST BE RELATIVELY CLEAN Excessive build up of scale rust or debris will interfere with flow measurement Generally a thin coating or a solid well adhered buildup on the pipe wall will not cause problems Loose scale and thick coatings such as tar or oil will interfere with ultrasound transmission and may result in incorrect or unreliable measurements 2 THE FLOWCELL ORIENTATION MUST NOT ALLOW SEDIMENT OR GAS ENTRAPMENT AT THE TRANSDUCER LOCATIONS Sediment
87. ata 7 5 2 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form To view a log in graphical form be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Graph option and press ENTER AAA LOG Velocity ft s 2001 03 01 2001 03 01 13 23 41 PM 13 53 41 PM Figure 100 Log Graph Display Window The Select Measurement window opens and lists the log measurement parameters If a log contains more than one measurement you must select which measurement to plot from the list displayed Once you have chosen the measurement parameter press F3 View The screen now appears similar to Figure 100 above Press F2 Cancel to leave the window without viewing the graph Ifyou wish to alter the graph scale press F1 Scale and go to page 151 f you wish to alter the time scale press F2 Time and go to page 152 Toleave the window press F3 Exit 150 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 5 2 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form cont Limits Max Rane Set Minimum 52 Maximum 52 2003 03 01 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM 13 53 41 PM Figure 101 Y Axis Window The Y Axis window shown in Figure 101 above allows you to specify whether the Y axis on the graph extends to the maximum value Max over the entire rang
88. ate selection 3 Press ENTER to confirm your selection The screen immediately displays any changes For example if you have changed the first parameter to a line graph the screen appears similar to Figure 58 below ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM il Velocity ft s Signal dB 12 2 a m Dv 0 6014 32 NENNEN 10 Seconds Delta T ns Volume l s 0 10 0 0 E0 No Errors Figure 58 Screen After Format Change 92 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 3 The Limits Option Once you have configured a parameter as a line or bar graph you might need to change its presentation or values The Limits option replacing the Format option for line and bar graphs enables you to program the minimum or maximum values displayed the time interval and the display of the average value To enter the Limits option 1 Press SEL from the Operate Mode window until you have reached the desired measurement 2 Press ENTER to open the Display Menu 3 Be sure the Limits option is highlighted and press ENTER 4 A drop down menu entry Change appears Press ENTER again The screen appears similar to Figure 59 below Set Line Graph Parameters Velocity Minimum Maximum Seconds Use Lines Plot Average Value Show Minimum and Maximum
89. b Scroll to the desired signal c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 59 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 10 Entering the Digital Output cont If you entered Gate Input Note Gate Input is used to synchronize the totalizer with the meter calibration system discussed on page 67 The gate stops and starts the meter totalizer so that you can compare the totalizer figure with the measured volume of water in the weight tank 1 The prompt asks for the gate active a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired gate active whether Contact Open or Contact Closed c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The second prompt asks for the mode a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired mode either Automatic or Manual c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Stopwatch Totalizer Through the Gate Input option you can implement the Stopwatch Totalizer function to measure totals manually To set up the Totalizer function 1 Atthe Gate Active prompt select Contact Open 2 Atthe Mode prompt select Manual and press ENTER Selecting Automatic causes the totalizer to run continuously The stopwatch icon see page 16 appears in the system tray To start or stop the function press the minus key on the keypad You have completed entering parameters in the Digital Output option
90. bee ewe ES 3 Error Messages dL ey LEV ade a EE kha 204 Specifications ice iio Letueehe ii Pee ee eb beers 214 Theory of Operation i lese RUE E RI te a ER Sta eg 4 Energy Option Entering Inputs 364 sae or mper dit 44 46 47 48 Entering Parameters 0 eect en 42 English Units Lucro nt DER PRESB BEES 113 ENT Keyz s cc id te tbe odo Gate dE pec 17 Error Limits Option ii ence eR ERA OEE EAA LEER ARE EB 184 Error Messages oe dog D a dA ea aiid cele int 204 Bali ia ae bedi gate irc 9 Errors AlloWed oo ooo oooooococororoononoornoo ooo 180 261 EXIT Key 5 e A WR ee ERN AS 17 F Factory Defaults Option 0 0 0 ee eee cece ee 194 Feature Keys ssc tc neti ere Mt o Seed anes ao 17 File Manager Sort Menu 1 0 ae eee 109 Menu in Log Manager 0 00 c cece eee 134 Transferring from PC 1 ec ee eee 85 105 106 Transferring to Plinio eun RE GUERRERO ER oe 104 Flash Update Option 0 0 0 eee e 196 199 NI RENE UC ORI AO BL E 2 Fluid Option S ssxonkse fberte ewe MRRReByv ad E 37 Problems Flowcell lellleeeeeeeee e N S 208 Speeds Entering c l oer eh dee res Heras ek sys Re Bye he ee kaye 37 Types Entering cts ee p Ret eR RE ER EUR 37 Format Option ese ciii nicit MER BI ERRARE PERMET RE ebbe eb 90 Forward Total Resetting liess 126 French Language Display 1 0 0 0 0 cece cee A 122 Frequency peate a hata acids LE ERR E E A A
91. ble Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 6 Adjusting the Contrast cont To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 6 7 Setting Backlight Timeout By using the Backlight Timeout option you can set a specified time that the PT878 backlight will remain on before turning itself off Automatic turnoff enables the PT878 to conserve battery power To set the backlight timeout 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Backlight entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 80 on page 120 Press the V key three times to reach the Backlight Off text box Then press ENTER to enter the box Use the numeric keys to enter the number of minutes that the backlight remains on from 0 to 99 Press ENTER to confirm the entry To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Note You can turn the backlight on or off at any time by pressing the power switch for 1 second Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 121 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 8 Cha
92. ce of the transducer and eventually degrade performance The safest technique for moving a transducer along a rough surface is to pick it up not slide it and reposition it for each measurement Remember that an ultrasonic test measures thickness at only one point within the beam of the transducer In corrosion situations wall thicknesses often vary considerably Test procedures usually call for making a number of measurements within a defined area and establishing a minimum and or average thickness Ideally data should be taken at increments no greater than half the diameter of the transducer to insure that no pits or other local variations in wall thickness are missed It is up to the user to define a pattern of data collection appropriate to the needs of a given application Itis possible that on some severely corroded or pitted materials there will be spots where readings cannot be obtained This can happen when the inside surface of the material is so irregular that the sound energy is scattered rather than being reflected back to the transducer The lack of a reading may also indicate a thickness outside the range of the transducer and instrument being used Generally an inability to obtain a valid thickness reading at a particular point on a test specimen could be a sign of a seriously degraded wall which may warrant investigation by other means Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 251 Appendix D Ultrason
93. confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 125 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 10 Resetting Forward and Reverse Totals On occasion it might be necessary to clear and reset the forward and reverse totals computed by the Forward and Reverse Totalizers To reset the totals 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Totals entry and press ENTER The window now appears similar to Figure 84 below Site Program aridi ogging Service Velocity 1 Units Signal dB Battery Date Time Locale 0 Contrast Backlight Language Communication MAIS Figure 84 Resetting Totals Menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to choose the total to be reset 3 Press ENTER to reset the total s The meter resets the selected total s to 0 0 and returns to Operate Mode 126 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 11 Setting Up User Tables When you program user functions see page 61 you can also support them with up to six user tables of non linear or empirical data To program one or more user tables 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the User Tables entry and press ENTER The window now
94. cy of the flow and temperature measurement Accuracy of 1 is typical for calibrated systems This unit complies with European Standard EN61010 1 Installation Category II Pollution Degree 2 This unit complies with EN61326 1998 CL A Annex C For continuous unmonitored operation follow provisions of the 89 336 EMC Compliance Rechargeable batteries Optional NiCad 6p nonrechargeable alkaline available 9 11 hours of continuous operation is typical 100 250 VAC 50 60 Hz 0 38 A 1 MB datalog site battery backed RAM 1 MB program FLASH memory 214 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 10 Specifications Environmental Operating Temperature 20 to 55 C 4 to 131 F Storage Temperature 40 to 70 C 40 to 158 F Note To ensure maximum battery life storage do not exceed 35 C 95 F for long periods Operating Modes Flow Measurement Transit Time mode with clamp on or wetted transducers Energy To calculate energy flow rate use the external loop powered RTD transmitter Part 2CHRT Input Output Keypad 25 key rubberized tactile membrane keypad Display 240 x 200 pixel LCD graphic display with EL backlight Printer Terminal Infrared communications port Analog Output One 4 20 mA or 0 20 mA current output Digital Output One user selectable pulse solid state 5 V max or frequency 5 V square wave 100 to 10 000 Hz Analog Input Two 4 20 mA analog input
95. d 4 20 mA c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note If you select Off you will not be able to access any other parameters in this option 54 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 9 Entering the Analog Output cont 2 The next prompt asks you to select the analog output type from a list of choices as shown in Figure 30 below Select Measurement Diagnostics Meters sec Velocity Feet sec Temperature Volume UserFunction Aux Input A Aux Input B Power Test Figure 30 Data Source Selection Window a Press ENTER to open the window b Scroll to the desired output type c Press SEL to confirm your selection d The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to the desired output unit e Press F3 OK to confirm your selection Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 55 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 9 Entering the Analog Output cont 3 The next prompt asks you to enter the zero base value for the analog output This value represents the 0 4 mA output in flow units a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection The next prompt asks you to enter the span full scale value for
96. d Flowmeter User s Manual 81 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 8 Creating a Site Message cont Figure 49 Text Creation Window 3 Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the message Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired message 4 Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the message If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label When you have completed the message press F3 OK to confirm the message or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the message 82 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 9 Printing a Current Site To print the current site from within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P gt arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Print option and press ENTER The PT878 shows a message indicating that its infrared sensor is looking for a receiving printer If the sensor spots no printer a window appears indicating that it cannot find a device If it spots more than one compatible infrar
97. d now read Stop The status line should change to Discharging Updating the status could take up to 30 sec 3 To stop the discharge cycle press the ENTER key and the Condition Battery window reappears The status now changes to On Charger 4 Press F3 OK to return to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 193 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 11 Resetting to Factory Default Parameters For various reasons you might wish to return the PT878 to its original settings The Factory Defaults option enables you to return the meter to its preprogrammed default settings To enter the option scroll down to the Factory Defaults entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen will appear similar to Figure 129 below Note All sites and logs will be lost if you use the Factory Defaults option Be sure to transfer or print all sites and logs before resetting Factory Defaults WARNING You will LOSE all changes by pressing OK Choose CANCEL to exit or OK to proceed Cancel Figure 129 Factory Defaults Option 1 To restore Factory Default settings Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without changing the current settings Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to restore the factory default settings 2 The program asks for confirmation Are you SURE Repeat the procedure shown in Step 1 above The PT878 replaces t
98. d scroll to the appropriate option as shown in Figure 67 above Press ENTER The PT878 then performs the desired action with the file Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 103 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 1 Transferring a File to a PC To upload a log meter bitmap or site file to a PC 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 123 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Drive Manager 3 Press MENU scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the scanner spots no device a window appears with this message and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indicating that it is uploading the site The meter also displays a message if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Drive Manager The PC holds the transferred file in the CIR_Inbox folder C My Received Files for Windows 98 or Desktop for Windows 2000 as shown in Figure 68 below You can open the file on the PC using any text editor LETT oO xl File Edit View Hel
99. d separator selections will appear on the screen Pressing the V arrow key returns the PT878 to the Locale tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 119 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 6 Adjusting the Contrast For more comfortable viewing in a particular environment the PT878 enables you to adjust the screen contrast To adjust the screen contrast 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Contrast entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 80 below From the Format tab press the lt d key to move to the Display tab To step through each parameter press the V key Display Options META m Darker Lighter Backlight Off 3 Min Language English Cancel Figure 80 Display Tab in the Display Options Window 2 Scroll to the Darker or Lighter box as desired 3 Press the ENTER button repeatedly until the screen has the desired contrast Note If you find the screen has become too light or too dark scroll to the other box and press ENTER until you have adjusted the screen to your satisfaction 120 Transport Model PT878 Porta
100. d sites Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 85 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 12 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont For Windows 95 98 2000 Click on the nfrared icon in the System Tray of your PC as shown in Figure 52 below Figure 52 Infrared Icon in System Tray The Wireless Link window for Windows 2000 shown in Figure 53 below or the nfrared Transfer Application for Windows 95 98 appears Select the desired file and click Send or E Select the files or folders you want to send to another wireless device and click Q Send You can also drag the files or folders to Wireless Link on the desktop r Send Files Look in J My Documents c E3 Adobe Data My eBooks My Pictures Panaview Xtra File name Help Properties Figure 53 Wireless Link Window 86 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 12 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont From Windows Explorer right click on the selected file Select Send To Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer For Windows 2000 you can also drag the selected file to the Wireless Link icon shown in Figure 54 below Wireless Link Figure 54 Wireless Link Icon Note While sending or receiving files the PT878 continues to perform measurements but at a slower rate than normal Transport amp Mod
101. ds Press ENTER to confirm the entry You have completed entering parameters in this window To select the measurements a b c Press the V key to return to the Format prompt Then press the A key to return to the General tab Finally press the P key to move to the Measurements tab and press ENTER The Measurements window appears similar to Figure 93 on page 138 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 137 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 1 Setting up a New Log cont General MEETS NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT NO UNIT Figure 93 Log Measurements Window To step through each entry press the W key 1 Press ENTER to open the first entry The Select Measurement window opens as shown in Figure 94 on page 139 138 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 1 Setting up a New Log cont Select Measurement Diagnostics Meters sec Velocity Feet sec Volume Fwd Totalizer Rev Totalizer Energy Figure 94 Select Measurement Window 2 Scroll to the desired output type 3 Press SEL to confirm your selection 4 The prompt then moves to a list of unit types The available units depend on the selection made at the Data Source prompt Scroll to the desired
102. e Range or between certain specified values Set 1 Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the desired limit type Press ENTER to confirm the entry If you select Max or Range for limits you have finished entering data in this form If you select Set the PT878 asks for minimum and maximum limits 2 Press the W key to reach the Minimum text box a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Repeat step 2 to enter the Maximum value 4 When you have finished press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries or F3 OK to confirm the entries and change the graph Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 151 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 5 2 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form cont If you wish to alter the time scale press F2 Time The Enter Time window appears similar to Figure 102 below AAA LOG Velocity ft s Enter Time Start Date Start Time 2003 03 01 13 23 41 PM End Date End Time 2003 03 01 13 53 41 PM Figure 102 Enter Time Window 1 Use the arrow keys to scroll to the desired text box Press ENTER to open the box 2 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted date or time Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the t
103. e View All Sites allows the Manager to list logs for all sites Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 147 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 5 The View Menu Through the View menu you can view the data of individual logs in graphical or spreadsheet formats To open the View menu from the Log Manager press MENU Scroll to the View menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 98 below Log Manager File Log WWE Sort Mela 0 AAA LOG Graph ate Finished Spreadsheet 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 98 View Menu 148 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 5 1 Displaying Log Details To view details of a given log be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Details option and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 99 below Log Info State Finished 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 Precision 8 Error No Basic Velocity Meters sec Figure 99 Log Details Display Window List of Measurements in Log Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to return to the Log Manager Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 149 Chapter 7 Logging D
104. e 77 on page 113 2 From the Units option press the V key once to reach the date text box This box displays the current meter date 3 Press ENTER to enter the text window The meter highlights the center number Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 115 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 4 Entering Date and Time cont 4 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box highlights 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month and from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry To enter or change the time 1 From the time text box press the V key once to scroll to the time text box This box displays the current meter time 2 Press ENTER to enter the text box The meter highlights the first number Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change 3 Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if
105. e acoustic signal to diagnose the problem in the Graph window on page 163 Calibrating the thickness gauge involves up to two additional steps 4 Calibrate the thickness gauge itself in the Zero window on page 165 5 Calibrate the velocity of the pipe material in the Velocity window on page 168 if possible and if the pipe material is not the material entered in the Zero window This step requires a trustworthy reference either a section of pipe such as a flange or open pipe section that can be measured with calipers or another measurement device or a thickness calibration block from the same pipe material Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 159 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 4 Measuring Pipe Wall Thickness 8 41 Entering the Material and Soundspeed IMPORTANT The factory recommends calibrating the thickness gauge periodically as discussed on page 165 before measuring thickness To enter the Thickness Gauge Display option scroll to the T Gauge Display entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 108 below Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph velocity Zero BYTE Material Other Sound Speed Figure 108 Material Window 1 From the Thickness Gauge Display option press the P arrow key four times to enter the Material window 2 The first prompt asks you to select the material for the pipe wall y
106. e instructions in the next section to properly mount the RTD on the pipe Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 243 Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation C 2 Mounting RTDs on the Pipe The factory supplies a clamping fixture to mount the RTDs to the pipe however you must assemble the clamping fixture before you can mount the RTDs to the pipe Use the following instructions below to mount the RTDs C 2 1 Assembling the Clamping Fixture The clamping fixture consists of the following parts one strap length depends on the pipe size ascrew buckle afeeder buckle To assemble the clamping fixture 1 Cutthe strap equal to the circumference of the pipe 2 Fold 1 2 inch of one end of the strap into a hook shape 3 Secure the screw buckle to one end of the strap by placing the strap through the buckle and folding the strap 4 Crimp the strap closed to secure the screw buckle in place 5 Each RTD has a securing post located on the rounded portion of the RTD that secures the RTD in place when it is mounted on the pipe Place the RTD on the strap by sliding the strap under the securing post IMPORTANT Make sure you place the RTD on the strap so when the strap is wrapped around the pipe the flat surface of the RTD sits against the pipe 6 Secure the feeder buckle to the other end of the strap by placing the strap through the buckle and folding the strap the folded section should
107. e now deleted 108 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 5 Listing Files by Name If you want to list your files alphabetically by site name within the File Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu shown in Figure 74 below Press ENTER The File Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order File Manager DEFAULT SIT Site TABLE MET FUNCTIO AAA LOG Pd 09 04 02 14 51 10 CCC LOG 5111 bytes Q LOG 118272 bytes free Figure 74 Sort Submenu 5 6 6 Listing Files in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your files chronologically by time of creation within the File Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chronological order from the most recent to the earliest Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 109 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 7 Accessing Meter Data The About Option The About option displays useful information concerning the model number and software version of any given PT878 While the window normally appears briefly at startup users might want to access the information for a longer
108. e s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE take back initiative directive 2002 96 EC The equipment that you bought has required the extraction and use of natural resources for its production It may contain hazardous substances that could impact health and the environment In order to avoid the dissemination of those substances in our environment and to diminish the pressure on the natural resources we encourage you to use the appropriate take back systems Those systems will reuse or recycle most of the materials of your end life equipment in a sound way The crossed out wheeled bin symbol invites you to use those systems If you need more information on the collection reuse and recycling systems please contact your local or regional waste administration Visit http www gesensing com environment weee htm for take back instructions and more information about this initiative Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual V Preface vi no content intended for this page proceed to next page Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Contents Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities LT OVermliew b Xp te ERN Ideas rte were m 12 Systerm DescriptlOrs sut ncn optem tenssee Ep Red pete nae tag Lalo Theo cli eet RR eO as 12 2 Electronics Package ucc eee C etd T 57Theoryior Operation Qe cu dae ene A ie ete HR EORR DAD e eee Chapter 2 Initial Setup 21 Making El
109. ea gon 112 Menu Map iced eb eer eee e REP En S 223 Meter Settings Window 00 0c cece ee e 113 Metric Units c onec id ida 113 Microcomputer nie A A A a 3 Model Number oce ree an 110 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 267 Index N Node ID for Communications seuas uraren eee eee eh 124 Noise Threshold A EROR areas Bie wae ease RES 172 Numeric Keys scie recur tee ee m ROAD ees eae 17 O On Line Help iii a NOEL E FER de Tse 19 Output Analog Entering ccu a pe ee he ae De eee ene eee 54 Digital Entering ocu eed rene e E RE te TR 57 Outputs Analog Outputs moco m RR ede s e i RR ME eben eh 7 P Parameters Displayed epo be ELE ERE bebes 98 Path for Cl mp on eek pee ERE SU MEI e oth S tg 40 for Wetted Transducers 0 0 0 0 cece eee tenes 41 Length Enterine oec thea IRE habe abs no kA Ro 41 Path Option vo eoe Weare a ace Len eephtee Ee tA 39 P File Transfer sha ahd Sat a Ba AUG LE EE Re 85 105 106 Peak Detection oe yere hER SERES UM ree RO RENI cheats 181 Pipe Diameter Entering A oh arose A 33 Dining Enterni sere saute snes Sate ERO ERU ER ARE SD 35 Materiala oe dt ea aio NC RARE RUF a SEE PS 31 Option Menu Map 0 0 eee ertene teens 222 Problems a RUE RESI a SA Ua 209 Power Connections 0 cece cee ence nent mme 7 Powering On Off ot ci Ae aA says sig RE RE RE ERR 12 Printing a Loria ia SEA es 143 Problems Plo weon ces Glee
110. eam and upstream transit times is proportional to the velocity of the flowing liquid and its sign indicates the direction of flow 4 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup Chapter 2 Initial Setup Before making measurements you must prepare the PT878 for operation This includes the following procedures Making Electrical Connections Charging and or Replacing Batteries Powering On and Off Using the Screen and Keypad Obtaining On Line Help Figure 1 below shows the PT878 in its standard soft case a and in the optional solid case b In the solid case the interior is structured for optimal protection of the PT878 and its accessories Figure 1 The PT878 and Accessories Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 5 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 1 Making Electrical Connections Before making measurements with the PT878 you must make all the necessary connections to the unit This section describes how to connect the following Power Transducers Input Output Infrared Interface Make all connections to the top of the PT878 unit as shown in Figure 2 below Please note that you need to make the proper power and transducer connections only The other connections are required for particular functions but are not necessary for basic operation Note For a listing of Input Output connections see Table 1 on page 8 Transducer Upstream Do
111. easurement parameters simultaneously However sometimes you might wish to display only one or two parameters To change the number of open display windows from within the Site Menu shown in Figure 61 on page 97 use the V Jor A arrow keys to move to the desired number of views 1 View 2 Views etc Press ENTER The screen displays the designated number of windows For example Figure 62 below shows the screen displayed in Figure 58 on page 92 reconfigured for a single view ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM Velocity ft s me m ho 12 2 Att 10 Seconds EO No Errors Figure 62 Display Screen Configured for Single View Note The PT878 opens display windows clockwise from the upper left that is if you press 1 View the parameter displayed in the upper left window appears If you press 2 Views the parameters shown in the two top windows appear The view for 3 Views adds the window in the lower left and that for 4 Views adds the window in the lower right 98 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 2 Customizing Softkeys When the screen is in Operate Mode you might wish to access a particular submenu frequently without the trouble of scrolling through menus Customizing the softkeys F1 F2 and F3 allows you to access up to three submenus by pressing the associated softkey You can customize a softkey fro
112. ectrical Connections ius cnet end 21 1 POWer Connectors be brenne emet mslesa ctae wie Pe etes ede 1288 2 12 Transducer Connections 00 cee cece cece sese 2 1 3 Input Output Connections 00 c cece ete eee es 2 14 The Infrared Wireless Interface 0 cece cece teens 2 2 Caring for the PT878 Batteries 2 2 1 Charging and Storing the Batteries ere ersero erisia iasi 22 2 Replacing the Batteries csi oss e I ocean tease 2 2 3 Disposing of Batteries 0 6 ccc cece cence nes 23 Powering ON ANO OFF ict stones at cae end ERA e Ed 2 4 Using the Screen and Keypad 6 cece ccc cece eee eens CA SCC Nunes ea tidal he om as aa ee dae a PO LO A A E thes E CCS UR 2 5 Obtdining On Line Help wince coats eek oe a ase es Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual vil Contents Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 1 Entering the Program Menu hes E teet da 22 5 2 Entering Transd cer Pardmeters 2 desceborce teme PEPA E Qe ep 25 3 2 1 Parameters for Special Transducers 0 cece cece eee 26 3 2 2 Gonflirming Entries secet ss vocet et sag eod 30 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters iissssssssssssssssssssss eee 30 3 4 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters isssssssssssssssssssesss sese 35 3 5 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds i asm sce de eb pA nb bebe 37 3 6 Entering the Signal Path Parameters oooooooococococcccococo coo 39 3 6 1 Path Parame
113. ed device within its range it asks you to select the desired device If successful the Site Manager window appears e Press F2 No to cancel printing or Press F3 Yes to print the current site The PT878 returns to Operate Mode while the printer prints out the current site 4 1 10 Transferring a Site File to a PC To upload a site file to a PC you must have an infrared sensor connected to the PC that can receive data from the PT878 IR beam 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 123 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Site Manager 3 Press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Transfer option and press ENTER Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 83 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 10 Transferring a Site to a PC cont The screen shows a message indicating that the PT878 is searching for an infrared device If the PT878 cannot detect an infrared device a window appears indicating this problem and asks if you want to try again If it finds a device it sends another message indicat
114. eee CROIRE E oe NT 208 Ehud on racine o MI seca DDR PEN ES 208 Pip z oso obe AG ASE eS E DRAN ME deduc t da t 209 TAS UC oc evresvebe bak ee Ml A PESOS ERE 210 Program Mentis A edat suec egi ichs 21 Menu Map re Re ELE ASA Fon AUR 222 268 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index PT878 Features aor pot te or tumeurs EAE eR Te RO PES 1 Keypad scc A ein eae ed 17 Powering On Off iscelllselbkRDIdo p6bE ee act teed eb eda ede 12 NITE 15 Software Updating sse 195 Pulse Totali Zer pende ada sia es ata eg eae Saba ts de s 58 R ReCelVGE Cura A tales M EN HE NU VL Ei te pires 3 Refreshing a S1t8 oes eot RR e OR epe e und 79 Reports Optio e euer ear ye e y E E 157 158 Reports Printing csse RR eDeCR EE ERE Hex EE 157 158 Ret rn Policy i eeethcLeeeE eR da tet MOERS eR eed 4c 278 Reverse Total Resetting 20 ake eph Ra RR erp RERO 126 Reynolds Correction Entering 0 0 0 2 eee eee eee 65 S Safety Auxiliary Equipment sssleeeeeee er n iv General ISSUES 4 ds lil Personal Bquipment cci snd e ede eis neha pe eh weed iv Sampling Waves cesses REESE Re UE RE e 192 Schedule for Pipe Dimensions oooooccooococooor ee 33 Screen Description zd eas obi deli ep Ree ERE 15 OnsEimne Help Lt LI EU derer CE e n et 19 Service Menu Entenng iui aida idad 156 Menu MAP RR RAN e C RR a C erp Rp 225 Setting up PC for Flash Update 0 0 0 ee eee eee eee 198 Signal
115. el PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 117 Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 5 Changing Date and Time Appearance cont 2 118 The first series of prompts asks you to select separator symbols for the date time and decimal You can choose from a dash comma and slash for the date from a period and colon for the time and from a period or comma for the decimal place For each symbol type a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired format c Press ENTER to confirm your entry The next prompt asks you to select the date format a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Three options are available YYYY MM DD year month day MM DD Y Y Y Y month day year DD MM Y Y Y Y day month year b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired format c Press ENTER to confirm your entry The PT878 now asks you to select whether you want the time presented in a 12 hour format for example 11 53 23 PM or in a 24 hour format 23 53 23 a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the 12 hour or 24 hour entry c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 5 Changing Date and Time Appearance cont A line at the bottom the Date Time Decimal Formats displays how the format an
116. el PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 87 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 13 Listing Files by Name If you want to list your files alphabetically by site name within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key twice to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu shown in Figure 55 below Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in alphabetical order ENE File Site Kal By Date 09 04 02 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 55 Sort Submenu 4 1 14 Listing Files in Chronological Order If you prefer to list your files chronologically by time of creation within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the P arrow key twice to scroll from the File Menu to the Sort Menu and scroll to the By Date option Press ENTER The Site Manager screen refreshes with the sites listed in chronological order from the most recent to the earliest 88 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data The PT878 allows you to view from one to four different measurement parameters simultaneously The screen can show these parameters not only in numeric format but as line or bar graphs as well You can configure any given measurement for your particular requirements To configure an individual measureme
117. entire pipe cross section Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 65 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 2 Entering Reynolds Correction cont 1 The first prompt asks if you want to enable the Reynolds Correction factor a number based on the Kinematic Viscosity and flow rate of the fluid Note If you are using clamp on transducers you should enable Reynolds Correction a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note If you disable Reynolds Correction you will not be able to enter any other values in this window 2 If you enable Reynolds Correction you will also need to enter the Kinematic Viscosity of the fluid available in the brochure Soundspeeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 The prompt asks for a kinematic viscosity value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value from Soundspeeds and Pipe Size Data c Press ENTER to confirm your selection You have completed entering data for a single Kinematic Viscosity factor Proceed to Entering a Calibration Factor on page 67 Toconfirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Toleave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key 66 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Da
118. equency Polarity Max Automatic Frequency High Low Duty Cycle Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 150 Digital Output Option Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Program User Functions Function ser5 Label Units Symbol Decimal Places Equation Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 151 User Functions Option Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 235 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Correction Factors Reynolds Correction Calibration Factor Reynolds Correction Calibration Factor Off Off K V Factor K Factor 1 Table Single Table Data Source Meter Data Source Edit Table K Factor Edit Table Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu
119. er or calibrated sample press the V arrow key and then press ENTER to open the Block Length text box Use the numeric keys to enter the desired block length Press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Prepare the sample for calibration by applying couplant B to its surface and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 114 below 4 Hold the transducer steady against the sample and wait for the Set button to appear 5 To calibrate the gauge press the V arrow key to move to the Set button 6 Press ENTER Set button to start the calibration sequence Thickness Gauge Measure Display Graph WACA Zero Material Block Length Press Set to Commit Value Calculated 22129 Current 74733 Figure 114 Velocity Window Calculated and Current Values Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 169 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 45 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Soundspeed cont 7 The Calculated box shows the thickness value measured The PT878 asks for confirmation of the calculated and current values Press ENTER to commit the calculated value or to recalculate the value Note If you commit the calculated value the settings in the Material window also change from the previous material to Other with the new soundspeed To leave the Velocity window Press the lt or P arrow key to move to anoth
120. er s Manual 231 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Program Analog Input d Input A Input B Energy Enabled Energy Disabled Function General Purpose Label Units Zero Span Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 148 Analog Input Option 232 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Program Analog Output Function 0 20 mA 4 20 mA Data Source Zero Span On Error Hold Last Value Force Low Force High Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Figure 149 Analog Output Option Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 233 Appendix A Menu Maps 234 Menu Program Digital Output Function Pulse Frequency Test Points Input Totalizer Signal Gate Active Data Source Transmit Receive Pulse Totalizer Frequency Closed Units Pulse Min Pulse Width Fr
121. er tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the soundspeed value Press F3 OK to confirm the new value and return to Operate Mode 8 5 Programming the Thickness Gauge While the T Gauge Display option allows you to program the appropriate material and soundspeed the Thickness Gauge Setup option enables you to view or change five parameters Low Signal Threshold Transducer Delay Signal Inversion Noise Threshold Detection Threshold Note The thickness gauge programming settings are entered at the factory You should not change them unless instructed by the factory The Programming window appears similar to Figure 115 on page 171 170 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 5 Programming the Thickness Gauge cont Thickness Gauge Setup Programming Low Signal Thresh Transducer Delay Noise Threshold Detection Threshold 0 0 0 us Signal Inversion On 8 Off 0 96 Cancel Figure 115 Thickness Gauge Programming Window 1 Press the W arrow key to enter the window 2 The first prompt asks for the low signal threshold If the signal strength falls below this value a Low Signal message appears on the screen To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c
122. ergy contained in the fluid Energy measurement Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 207 Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 3 Flowcell Problems Flowcell problems fall into two categories fluid problems and pipe problems Read the following sections carefully to determine if such problems exist 9 3 1 Fluid Problems Most fluid related problems can be solved by proper design of the flowmeter installation and the proper choice of transducer frequency Contact the factory if you cannot solve a fluid related problem Certain fluid properties may prevent proper flow measurement Some fluid properties that cause problems are listed below 1 THE FLUID MUST BE HOMOGENOUS SINGLE PHASE RELATIVELY CLEAN and FLOWING STEADILY Solid particles and gas bubbles absorb and disperse ultrasound Although in some cases solids and gases have little effect on the operation of the TransPort excessive amounts will prevent ultrasound transmission through the fluid and interfere with proper flow measurement Temperature gradients may also cause a problem 2 THE FLUID MUST NOT CAVITATE NEAR THE FLOWCELL Fluids with a high vapor pressure may cavitate near or in the flowcell This causes problems resulting from gas bubbles in the fluid Cavitation can usually be controlled through proper installation design 3 THE FLUID MUST NOT ATTENUATE ULTRASOUND EXCESSIVELY Some fluids particularly those th
123. et and send it back to the PT878 over the IR link Then on the PT878 scroll down to the Simulate entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The PT878 then applies the simulated signal Note Refer to page 105 for information on transferring a file from a PC to the PT878 192 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 7 Testing the Battery The Battery Test option provides additional battery information for service troubleshooting To enter the option scroll down to the Battery Test entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 128 below Service Battery Form Status Fast Charge Run Time 250 Minutes Batt Voltage 5 78 Volts Fast Charge 3 Min Backup Battery OK Batt temp 27 7 C Part Number EEN EU EUST Condition Battery ancel Figure 128 Battery Test Option The screen displays current status Fast Charge On Charge Discharging or On Battery the time remaining for the PT878 to run on the battery the time for the Fast Charge and the current condition of the backup battery 1 Ifyou wish to open the Part Number window press ENTER You can choose from a 1 8 Ahr NiCd battery part number 200 058 or a 3 0 Ahr NiMH battery part number 200 081 Scroll to the battery type you have installed and press ENTER 2 To condition the batteries press the ENTER key The Condition Battery window shoul
124. etween the interface and the infrared sensor on the PT878 shown in Figure 2 on page 6 Note The dongle connection is RS232 The configuration options are either RS232 or IRDa Selecting the RS232 does not link the meter to the dongle IrDa must be selected for the link to work Table 10 below lists IrDA compatibility for various past and current Microsoft Windows operating systems IICOMM is an infrared standard supported by Microsoft while OBEX is a newer infrared standard which allows more straightforward use and faster file transfers while tolerating IR interruptions better Table 10 IrDA Compatibility of Windows Operating Systems Windows 2000 No Yes Windows NT 4 0 QuickBeam QuickBeam Windows Me Yes Yes Windows 98 SE Yes Yes Windows 98 Yes Yes Windows 95 Yes Yes Windows 3 1 No No DOS 6 22 No No May require QuickBeam installation under some circumstances when Windows built in support fails QuickBeam is a recommended infrared file software transfer utility from Extended Systems Inc Since Windows NT4 0 does not provide built in support for IR file transfer QuickBeam is necessary with this operating system Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 257 Appendix F Establishing IR Communications Windows 2000 XP Both Windows 2000 and XP include infrared drivers in their operating systems From the Control Panel click on Add New Hardware and select the appropria
125. ew log You can access this option in two ways by scrolling to the New Log option in the Logging Menu as shown in Figure 88 on page 132 and pressing ENTER or by scrolling to the New option in the File Menu of the Log Manager as shown in Figure 90 on page 134 and pressing ENTER In either case the Create New Log screen appears similar to Figure 91 below Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired log name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entry Create New Log Figure 91 New Log Window The PT878 now asks for log formatting and measurements The screen appears similar to Figure 92 on page 136 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 135 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 1 Setting up a New Log cont General Measurements Log Name 10SEC LOG Format e Linear Circular Type e Standard _ Error Start Date Time 2000 11 01 01 38 08 End Date Time 2000 11 01 09 38 08 Logging Interval 10 secs Figure 92 General Log Format Window To step through each parameter press the V key 1 The first prompt asks you to choose between a linear or circular format f
126. ext box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month and from 0 to 59 for minutes and seconds In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry 3 Repeat step 2 for any other entries you wish to change When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entries and close the window or press F2 Cancel to leave the window without changing the entries 152 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 5 3 Displaying Log Data in Spreadsheet Form To view a log in spreadsheet form be sure the log is highlighted in the left window of the Log Manager Then scroll to the View menu and press ENTER Scroll to the Spreadsheet option and press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 103 below 123 LOG Time 03 20 2001 a cus 14 24 46 14 24 56 450 14 25 06 448 14 25 17 451 14 25 27 453 14 25 37 450 14 25 47 449 mme omm TL o Figure 103 Log Spreadsheet Window Use the and P keys to scroll to other columns or the W or A keys to scroll backward or forward in time To alter the times displayed press F1 Time The Enter Time window shown on page 152 opens Follow the instructions on page 152 to change the date or time To refresh the display press F
127. ey to scroll to the next parameter b If necessary you can overwrite the spacing to match the actual physical spacing of the transducers Do not change the spacing by more than 10 from that calculated by the meter Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER to confirm the entry If you have entered an invalid entry the PT878 rejects the entry and displays an error message Note It is not recommended that you use a spacing other than the one calculated by the PT878 After you enter the spacing pressing the A key returns the prompt to the Traverses box and then to the Path tab at the top of the screen 40 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 6 2 Path Parameters for Wetted Transducers If you are using wetted transducers the PT878 path menu includes the following set of parameters Path Length Axial Length The meter first prompts for the path length P of the ultrasonic signal GE has calculated the path length based on the transducer configuration for your particular application Find the path length on the flowcell or on other supplied documentation a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry Note If the documentation does not supply the path or axial lengths refer to Appendix B Measuring P and L Dimensions to measure these len
128. f Transmit Sound Speed Velocity Averaging Acceleration I I I ji 11 Auto o Programming None 0 25 50 100 Stat Low Signal Threshold Errors Allowed Transducer Delay Signal Inversion Off AAA Watchdog Impulse Wave Simulate Battery Noise Threshold Timer Response Snapshot Test Detection Threshold Direction Downstream Display Velocity 1 Zero Material Percent Gain Material If Other Transmit Stop Exit Block Length Single Dual Sor d Block 1 Length Sound Speed Block 2 Length Retry Set e Drive Contents Current Site Global Settings User Functions User Tables User Settings Menu Commands Figure 142
129. far surface of the remaining metal The test instrument is programmed with the velocity of sound in the test material and computes the wall thickness from the simple formula Distance Velocity x Time Single element transducers use one element as both transmitter and receiver Dual element transducers incorporate separate transmitting and receiving elements These elements are mounted on delay lines that are usually cut at an angle to the horizontal plane the roof angle so that the transmitting and receiving beam paths cross beneath the surface of the test piece This crossed beam design of duals provides a pseudo focussing effect that optimizes measurement of minimum wall thickness in corrosion applications Duals will be more sensitive than single element transducers to echoes from the base of pits that represent minimum remaining wall thickness Also duals may often be used more effectively on rough outside surfaces Couplant trapped in pockets on rough sound entry surfaces can produce long ringing interface echoes that interfere with the near surface resolution of single element transducers With a dual the receiver element is unlikely to pick up this false echo Finally duals may be designed for high temperature measurements that would damage single element contact transducers Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 249 Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 1 Factors Affecting Perf
130. final prompt errors allowed specifies the number of errors the meter can record before displaying an error message a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have finished entering data in the Signal Parameter window To leave this window Press the V key to return to the Signal Parameter tab and the gt arrow key to move to the Peak Detection tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes Press F3 OK to confirm the new data The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 180 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 2 Setting up Peak Detection The PT878 can use two different methods to identify the peak of the received signal In the Peak method the peak is identified by testing a derivative of the signal In the Threshold method the peak is identified as the point where the signal crosses a threshold that is a percentage of the maximum signal detected The peak method is more reliable in identifying the signal in dynamic conditions while the threshold method is more reliable in marginal signal conditions Note Do not change the peak detection method or values unless recommended by the factory From the Signal Parameter tab press the gt gt arrow key to move to the Peak Detection tab The window appears similar to Figu
131. g Software Via ITOBEX 2 occ cece cnn nee ees 196 8 12 2 Updating Software Vid IICOMM 0 ccc ccc nee ees 197 xii Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Contents Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 1 Error CodeMessages mta dd RD eben debis 204 9 2 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters 00 0 cece cece cence ences 206 9 5 Flowcell Problems ccc cece cen eee e nem 208 9 34 Fluid Problems sss eot eee eter e e ete ee 208 95 2 Fipe PODES s e hore oo tene dise at re 209 9 4 Transducer Problems 6 00sec cece cece tence eee 210 9 4 1 Wetted Transducer Problems 0 0 00 0 c cece eee e ee 210 9 4 2 Clamp on Transducer Problems 0 00 0 c cece e eee ees 211 9 4 5 Relocating Transducers voii te e 212 Chapter 10 Specifications TOT OVER he e oe ep uit idet tis etf tM ee afte ME e SM UR 213 10 1 1 Hardware Configuration sss 213 10 1 2 Size Welglb sao nest teo tSt but solana 213 10 1 5 EnclOSUe nox vec RE RAD nd betta ote Oe OR AER 213 10 1 4 Flow Accuracy Velocity 96 of reading ooooooooo 213 TO ZEISCUICO rra ida ERR Eas 214 10 30perational Specifications 0 0 cnc nce cece eee ens 216 10 4 T aBSQUCer cT eid ete nonin Pet eae i See ees 217 10 4 1 Clamp On Ultrasonic Flow Transducers 0 0 cece eee 217 10 4 2 Temperature Transducers 2 0 c cece ence ences 217 10 5Pipe Size and Material eree ccc ccc nnn ee
132. gnostics and Troubleshooting 9 4 Transducer Problems Ultrasonic transducers are rugged However they are subject to physical damage due to mishandling and chemical attack Clamp on transducers are also subject to installation variables such as physical misalignment and faulty coupling to the pipe on which they are mounted Because transducer problems are largely dependent on the type of transducer used wetted or clamp on the following list of potential problems is grouped according to transducer type Contact the factory if you cannot solve a transducer related problem 9 4 1 Wetted Transducer Problems 1 LEAKS Leaks may occur around the transducer and in the fittings of the flow cell Repair as you would any other leak Check the transducer and cables for damage if the leaking fluid is corrosive 2 CORROSION DAMAGE Wetted transducers may be damaged by corrosive fluids if the transducer material does not match the application Most often corrosion damage occurs at the electrical connector To check for damage remove the transducer from the flow cell If the wetted end of the transducer is rough and pitted the transducer may have to be replaced GE can supply suitable transducer materials for most fluids Contact the factory for information on special transducers 3 INTERNAL DAMAGE An ultrasonic transducer consists of a ceramic crystal bonded to the transducer case The bond between the crystal and the case may be damaged b
133. gramming Site Data 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters cont If you select a material that uses the Diameter alternative a You must select from two choices outside diameter or circumference The prompt moves to the OD outside diameter text box Type the thickness in mm or in into the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice or Move the prompt to the OD X PI circumference text box Type the OD in mm or in into the box and press ENTER to confirm your choice b In either case the next prompt asks for the wall thickness Type the value in mm or in into the box and press ENTER to confirm your choice Note The measurement units shown depend on the choices you have made in the English Metric window or the Meter Settings menu If you select a material that has the Schedule option a The prompt asks if you wish to apply ANSI the ANSI schedule Press ENTER to select or deselect the ANSI box If you do not select the ANSI option the prompt moves to the OD text box and you enter the parameters for the Diameter alternative as discussed above b Press the amp key twice to move the prompt to the Nominal pipe size drop down menu Press ENTER to open the menu Scroll to the desired pipe size and press ENTER to confirm your choice c Press the P key to move the prompt to the Schedule drop down menu Press ENTER to open the menu Scroll to the desired schedule and press ENTER to c
134. gths The next prompt asks for the axial dimension L of the ultrasonic signal Again GE has calculated the axial dimension based on the transducer configuration for your particular application Find the axial dimension on the flowcell or from other supplied documentation a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the appropriate number c Press ENTER to confirm the entry After you enter the axial length press the A key to return to the main Path tab at the top of the screen To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To scroll to other windows press the 4 or P key Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 41 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 Entering the Energy Option Parameters The Energy Option enables you to calculate the energy of a system based on the temperature at a supply point the temperature at a return point and the flow of fluid through the system To enter the Energy Option scroll to the Energy entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 21 below To step through each parameter press the W key While programming refer to Figure 147 on page 231 of Appendix A Menu Maps Energy Options Energy Option Custom Cp Ene
135. guring Data 5 6 2 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 cont From Windows Explorer right click on the selected file Select Send To Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer In Windows 2000 you can also drag the selected file to the Wireless Link icon shown in Figure 72 below Wireless Link Figure 72 Wireless Link Icon Note While sending or receiving files the PT878 continues to perform measurements but at a slower rate than normal 5 6 3 Refreshing a File To refresh a file so that the PT878 displays the most recent information you have two options Press MENU scroll to the Refresh option and press ENTER Press F2 Refresh In either case the window on the right of the File Manager displays the most recent file information Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 107 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 4 Deleting a File To delete a file in the File Manager first be sure you have highlighted that file in the left window of the File Manager Then press MENU scroll to the Delete option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 73 below File Manager Delete Confirmation Delete Site A SIT Figure 73 Delete Confirmation Window Press F2 No to cancel the deletion and return to the File Manager or Press F3 Yes to delete the site The File Manager appears with the highlighted sit
136. he default site file and the global meter settings with the factory default settings and returns to Operate Mode 194 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 Updating PT878 Software By using a Windows based PC with an infrared adapter PT878 users can update the meter s operating software without the need to change the hardware This software can include the bootloader FPGA software timing software for transit time instrument software the meter string file and the Help string file The updating procedure involves three steps 1 Setting up the PT878 in Flash Update mode 2 Selecting the loading interface 3 Loading the new software from the PC into the PT878 CAUTION To guard against mishap you should print out download or otherwise record all logs settings and other data you wish to save IMPORTANT When uploading new software the PT878 uses a bootloader program Be sure that the software you are installing is compatible with the installed bootloader version shown in the About option discussed on page 110 If you need to replace both programs install the new bootloader first before any other software With the current bootloader software version 3 0 and later two interfaces are available for sending software to the PT878 e rOBEX a recently introduced Microsoft infrared standard which allows more straightforward use and faster file transfers w
137. he window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To enter data for Custom Cp calculations proceed to the Custom Cp tab discussed on page 46 3 7 2 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option To program Custom Cp tables in the Energy Option return to the tabs at the top of the Energy Option window Press the gt arrow key until you have highlighted the Custom Cp tab and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 23 below To step through each parameter press the W key Energy Options Energy Option Y Inputs Custom Cp Custom Cp Edit Table Density Source _ Fixed e Table Static Density Density Table Edit Table Cancel Figure 23 Custom Cp Tab in the Energy Option 46 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 2 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option cont 1 The first prompt asks if you wish to enter or edit data in the Custom Cp enthalpy table a Press ENTER to open the Custom Cp table shown in Figure 24 on page 47 b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees Kelvin and press ENTER to confirm the entry c Press the P key to move to the kJ kg K column enthalpy in KiloJoules Kilogram Kelvin Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER C
138. hile tolerating IR interruptions better rCOMM an infrared standard supported by certain Microsoft operating systems GE recommends updating software via the IrOBEX standard however the IrCOMM standard is available for users who have problems with IrOBEX This section covers procedures for both standards Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 195 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 1 Updating Software Via IrOBEX To begin updating software via IrOBEX scroll down to the Flash Update entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 130 below Update Flash WARNING This will erase the instrumentation coding Choose Cancel to exit or OK to continue Cancel Figure 130 Flash Update Window Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without erasing the program Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to erase the program 4 The meter asks for confirmation Repeat the options shown in Step 1 above After the PT878 reboots the screen appears similar to Figure 131 below Panametrics PCI HW Rev3 Firmware CRC Va Reload Flash via IrOBEX Loader v3 0 2 26 02 Backup Battery OK lid No Infrared Yes No IrCOMM Figure 131 Flash Reloading Window 196 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 1 U
139. ic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation D 1 2 Calibration The accuracy of measurements are only as good as the accuracy and care with which the gauge has been calibrated It is essential that the thickness gauge be calibrated as shown on page 159 whenever the transducer is changed or you have a reason to doubt the accuracy of the readings Periodic checks with samples of known thicknesses are recommended to verify that the gauge is operating properly D 1 3 Taper or Eccentricity If the contact surface and the back surface are tapered or eccentric with respect to each other the return echo again becomes distorted and the accuracy of measurement is diminished D 1 4 Acoustic Properties of the Material There are several conditions found in engineering materials that can severely limit the accuracy and thickness range that can be measured D 1 4a Sound Scattering In some materials notably certain types of cast stainless steel cast irons and composites the sound energy is scattered from individual crystallites in the casting or from dissimilar materials within the composite This effect reduces the ability to discriminate a valid return echo from the back side of the material and limits the ability to gauge the material ultrasonically D 1 4b Velocity Variations A number of materials exhibit significant variations in sound velocity from point to point within the material Certain types of cast stainless steels and brass exhibit thi
140. in bitmap format of a given screen display 260 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix G Glossary Soundspeed Speed at which a sound wave travels through a given material Thickness Gauge Option that allows the PT878 with an optional thickness gauge transducer to determine the thickness of most standard metal and plastic pipe materials over a range from 0 05 to 3 in 1 3 to 76 2 mm Tw time in wedge Time the transducer signal spends travelling through the transducer and cable This time has to be subtracted from the transit time to determine how much time the signal spent in the fluid Tracking Windows A feature which allows the receive window to move automatically if the ultrasonic signal is lost The PT878 will set up the window in various positions based on a minimum and maximum soundspeed range In seek mode the meter will test every position until it detects a receive signal that passes the error tests The first window highest soundspeed setting that passes the tests is the detected window The meter will then track the receive signal Transducer Delay Time the ultrasonic signal takes to travel from the meter to the pipe material surface It is a similar measurement to Tw except that the delay is subtracted from the transit time to find out how much time is spent in the wall Transducers Devices that convert electrical energy into ultrasonic pulses when in a tran
141. ing that it is uploading the site The meter also displays a message if the upload fails When the upload is complete the meter returns to the Site Manager The PC holds the transferred file in the QuickBeam Inbox folder for Windows NT 4 0 as shown in Figure 50 below If you are using other Windows operating systems the transferred file appears in CAMy Received Files You can open the file on the PC using any text editor File Edit View Help Default2 sit Figure 50 IR Inbox Folder Transferred Site File 4 1 11 Transferring a Site File in Text Format to a PC To transfer a site file in text format from the PT878 to a PC be sure the PC is equipped with an infrared sensor as discussed on page 83 1 Highlight the desired site in the left window of the Site Manager 2 Press MENU to open the File Menu Then press the gt arrow key once to scroll from the File Menu to the Site Menu Scroll to the Transfer as Text option and press ENTER The PT878 uploads the file in the same manner as a site file but with a prt suffix You can then open the file on the PC using any text editor 84 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 12 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 Once you have stored site or meter files to a PC you can then transfer them back to the PT878 over an IR sensor connected to the PC through the PT878 IR interface The PT878 only acce
142. ity measurements to smooth out or dampen noise in the system Watchdog Test Option in the Service Menu that tests the watchdog timer circuit If a software error causes the meter to stop responding this circuit automatically resets the meter Wave Snapshot Option in the Service Menu that enables users to capture waveforms for downloading to a PC for analysis or for simulating a flow measurement Wedge Angle Angle of the transducer s ultrasonic transmission in the transducer wedge Zero Cutoff Parameter that causes velocity measurements less than the absolute value of the cutoff either positive or negative values to be reported as zero 262 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index A About Option esee User Deren b HM Vip D pet 110 Acceleration Damit i isset Re eas E HERE e etu 185 ACTISYS ACT IR Interface leseeeeseeeeee Ie 8 ActiSys ACT IR220L infrared adapter 0 00 00 0000002 257 Amplitude Discriminator Limits 00 0000 eee eee eee 185 Analog Inputs Calibration dee p REED ee Seka RL has A E Os 174 Connections cs s eet TO ea eet ee Aa EO Bh eee M anaes 7 A IM Bak ad Ra BI unt dt eius 50 1n Energy Option op beer RERCBP OO Ie e fee Sieg 52 53 Analog Outputs Cabhbration ecce HERD EVO RR US Ed OER 174 Connector id P EUM RAE DEEP IE en 7 Entenng c BeSepBN DerPR ERE RIS Me Tee kEBR RII EY VET 54 OPM Coca Oe ae tials CR d Rec t wats t
143. keys to enter the GE supplied time delay and press ENTER The program now varies depending on whether you have selected a wetted or a clamp on transducer f you have selected a special wetted transducer proceed to Confirming Entries on page 30 Special clamp on transducers require three more inputs wedge angle wedge temperature and wedge soundspeed 5 When calculating the flow rate the PT878 must take into account the wedge angle the angle of the ultrasonic transmission a From the Tw prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge Angle prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the factory supplied wedge angle in degrees and press ENTER 26 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 1 Parameters for Special Transducers cont Note If the error message in Figure 12 below or one similar to Figure 13 on page 26 appears the Pipe Soundspeed Wedge Soundspeed and or the Wedge Angle may be in error Review the pipe and wedge parameters currently entered and change one or more as necessary Note To change pipe information see Entering Pipe Parameters on page 30 ci ele WARNING Critical Angle Exceeded Figure 12 High Angle Error Message Window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 27 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 1 Parameters for Specia
144. l Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation The PT878 requires a supply and return temperature input to measure energy rate and consumption You must connect the temperature sensors to a 4 to 20 mA transmitter powered by the PT878 or externally and then from the transmitter to the PT878 a special GE cable is required to make transmitter to PT878 connections The factory can supply the Resistive Temperature Device RTD and a Dual Transmitter DTR or you may supply your own If you supply your own equipment you will need to order a special GE cable with a LEMO connector to make connections from the transmitter to the PT878 To install the RTDs you need to do the following find a suitable installation site mount RTDs on the pipe make electrical connections Use the instructions that follow to install the RTDs C 1 Guidelines for RTD Installation You should have discussed possible installation sites with an applications engineer or field sales person by the time you receive the RTDs However you should follow these guidelines to ensure accurate temperature measurement Do not install the RTD on a pipe seam Clean the pipe at the installation location Do not install the RTD on the top or the bottom of the pipe Apply thermal couplant to the RTD before mounting it to the pipe nsulate the pipe and RTD after installation If you have a GE RTD use th
145. l PanaView software interface The PT878 was designed for use with products that comply to the IrDA protocol For more information on establishing IR communications between the PT878 and your PC refer to Appendix F Note The dongle connection is RS232 The configuration options are either RS232 or IRDa Selecting the RS232 does not link the meter to the dongle IrDa must be selected for the link to work To transfer files between the PT878 and PC see Managing Files the Drive Manager on page 102 To transfer a log from the PT878 to a PC see page 144 8 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 2 Caring for the PT878 Batteries The PT878 comes with self contained built in rechargeable batteries to support portable operation For optimum performance these batteries require a minimum of maintenance CAUTION Use only GE approved batteries and desktop chargers These chargers are designed to maximize battery life Using other batteries or chargers voids the warranty and may cause damage IMPORTANT For CE compliance the PT878 is classified as a battery powered device not to be used with the AC adaptor 2 2 1 Charging and Storing the Batteries When you receive the PT878 you will need to initially charge the batteries Also the battery may need recharging if it has not been used for a long period of time The batteries must be charged up to 8 hours to receive the maximu
146. l Transducers cont d 0 gt ele Invalid Value Too Low 15 is Too Low The valid range is from 25 000 to 90 000 Figure 13 Low Angle Error Message Window Note When the corrected information is entered a message similar to Figure 14 appears Press F5 OK 28 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 1 Parameters for Special Transducers cont a ele WARNING Transducer Spacing has changed New Spacing 0 964 inches 24 493 mm Figure 14 Transducer Spacing Change Window 6 The PT878 must also take into account the wedge temperature a From the Wedge Angle prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge Temperature prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the wedge temperature in degrees F or C and press ENTER 7 Finally the PT878 requires the wedge soundspeed a From the Wedge Temp prompt press the V key to reach the Wedge SS prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric keys to enter the factory supplied wedge soundspeed in ft sec or m sec and press ENTER Pressing the W key returns the meter to the Transducer tab at the top Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 29 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 2 Confirming Entries To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode pres
147. l corresponds to the measurement units i e feet sec or degrees F a Press ENTER to open the text creation window which appears similar to Figure 33 below Figure 33 Text Creation Window b Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or symbol and press ENTER to add the letter to the label Note Pressing SEL causes the screen to alternate between a set of upper case capital letters a set of lower case letters and a set of symbols Use all three screens to create a desired label c Repeat this procedure for each letter or symbol you wish to add to the label If you wish to delete a letter press F1 Delete to erase each letter or symbol from right to left on the label 62 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 Entering User Functions cont d When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the label or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the label 3 The next prompt asks for the Units Symbol a Press ENTER to reopen the text creation window b Repeat the procedure used for the Label on page 62 to create the Units Symbol c When you have completed the label press F3 OK to confirm the symbol or F2 Cancel to leave the window without adding the symbol 4 The next prompt asks you to select the number of decimal places a Press ENTER
148. lipR v phe dar 26 Time Enteting ooo Ore e PEE eR E EM eai 115 116 Timing CAC sce ares EE 3 Totals Resetting uo ERR e EGLI EE NERNERR es SAGs 126 Tracking Windows cete e MES 37 Transducet z co e e o aC RA eos Des roe dep 263 Connections cese ce EI Mey eae es 7 Deli are iD RS RR CR e E 8 aA ae REA ER 171 Entering Data fori experi ne VE UE uer E up 23 Number Entering ec oo ara svp dp RSS 24 OPON ob ebd ue be b Eb te Eh n E dass 23 Signal Tamits eee o UU RR RENE Sa A ale a eet ee doles 184 Spacing Entering 3 5 de Palate Unt I ren E I AGREE de 40 Special eese seas Mea Ute Stee as PO Pudet 26 Specifications is ue ee ER ERR RE RR RR EE le 217 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 271 Index T cont Transducets ved E EP 2 Axial Dimension cue RR ke oe Se UR REY 239 Bias 90 Installation nass e n e a RI 239 Installation Angle eii iA seks a tan 239 Path Length anui aiii tind RS IT PIRE ned 239 Problems ue a toned sens A a C RR CE UR ees 210 Wetted or Clamp On scere i ea e eee eee ee 23 Transfer LORS oor Leer ete hee ce he cals ae Bice E ROS d 144 Transit Time Theory of 0 0 0 0 0 cece eee eee enn eens 4 264 Transmit Signal Generator llle eee 3 Transmitterz d earache tue ANDER SAM PUR OU S EIC weed a 3 Sample SIZE sac Cer eS REED ROUEN NE IN ERAN PEN d US 179 263 Traverses Entering Number 0 0 cece ee eee 40 Troubleshooting enl n ee REPRE PET
149. ll thickness when used with the optional thickness transducer 1 2 System Description The PT878 is one part of the flowmeter system The flowmeter system consists of two essential subsystems the flowcell and the electronics package the PT878 1 2 1 The Flowcell The flowcell is that part of the system that uses ultrasonic pulses to interrogate the flow It consists of the flowcell pipe and the transducers A FLOWCELL PIPE The flowcell can either be created in the existing piping for example by inserting wetted transducers into the pipe or clamping non wetted transducers onto the pipe or inserted as a substitute pipe section spoolpiece The flowcell must provide mechanical support for the transducers and assure stable fluid conditions for accurate flow measurement B TRANSDUCERS The transducers convert electrical energy into ultrasonic pulses when in a transmit cycle and convert the ultrasonic pulses back to electrical energy when in a receive cycle In other words they act like loudspeakers when transmitting the signal and microphones when receiving it In the PT878 system each transducer acts as both a receiver and transmitter since a series of ultrasonic pulses are alternately sent upstream and then downstream through the flowcell 2 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities 1 2 2 Electronics Package The PT878 consists of circuits that generate receive
150. ll the self checks the screen then appears similar to the one shown in Figure 4 below ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM Velocity ft s Signal dB 32 0 00 A Delta T ns Volume l s 0 10 E0 No Errors Figure 4 Screen After Powering ON Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 13 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 3 Powering ON and OFF cont To turn the PT878 off press the red key for 3 seconds The screen now appears similar to Figure 5 below SHUTDOWN Meter OFF SLEEP Meter Idle CANCEL Resume Operations Figure 5 Shutdown Menu Three options are available Press F1 to shut down the PT878 turning it completely off Press F2 to send the PT878 into sleep mode In this mode some of the power supplies shut down but the PT878 remains in a standby mode Users can resume taking measurements immediately by pressing the power button Press F3 to cancel the command and return the PT878 to normal operation If the PT878 locks up you can reset it by holding the power key the red key in the upper right corner for 15 seconds 14 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 4 Using the Screen and Keypad The essential features for operating the PT878 are the screen and keypad Although these features are common on portable instruments the PT878 design offers particular features to simplify and speed operation 2 4 1
151. lowing procedure must be completed 1 Notify GE Sensing giving full details of the problem and provide the model number and serial number of the instrument If the nature of the problem indicates the need for factory service GE Sensing will issue a RETURN AUTHORIZATION NUMBER RAN and shipping instructions for the return of the instrument to a service center will be provided 2 If GE Sensing instructs you to send your instrument to a service center it must be shipped prepaid to the authorized repair station indicated in the shipping instructions 3 Upon receipt GE Sensing will evaluate the instrument to determine the cause of the malfunction Then one of the following courses of action will then be taken e If the damage is covered under the terms of the warranty the instrument will be repaired at no cost to the owner and returned If GE Sensing determines that the damage is not covered under the terms of the warranty or if the warranty has expired an estimate for the cost of the repairs at standard rates will be provided Upon receipt of the owner s approval to proceed the instrument will be repaired and returned 276 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual DECLARATION Sensing OF CONFORMITY We Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland declare under our sole responsibility that the TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort P
152. m charge When fully charged the batteries provide 8 to 10 hours of continuous operation An internal battery gauge indicates the remaining power in the batteries To charge the batteries simply plug the AC power module cord into the power jack shown in Figure 2 on page 6 and be sure the battery pack is installed When the PT878 is plugged into line voltage the internal battery charger automatically charges the batteries whether the PT878 is on or off If the PT878 is on the Battery icon in the upper right corner of the screen indicates battery status as shown in Table 2 on page 10 Note For version 1B of the PT876 software you must also press the red power key in the upper right corner of the keypad See page 110 to determine your software version For optimal run time charge the batteries only in temperatures from 50 F to 104 F 10 C to 40 C Otherwise the batteries will not be properly charged and will have a significantly reduced run time Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 9 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 2 1 Charging and Storing the Batteries cont Store the batteries at temperatures from 4 F to 131 F 20 C to 55 C for periods of less than one month or from 32 F to 104 F 0 C to 40 C for longer periods If you are transporting them for two days or less the batteries can withstand temperatures from 40 F to 158 F 40 C to 70 C Table 2 Battery Status Icons
153. m the Site Menu or from within a particular menu To customize a softkey from within the Site Menu 1 From the Site Menu shown in Figure 61 on page 97 use the V or A arrow keys to move to the FKeys entry on the menu Press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 63 below H Program Meter Logging Service anage 0 a OD Save Now 1 View 32 2 Views NENNEN 3 Views 4 Views Drive Manager z e F1 About F2 0 0 F3 Clear F1 E0 No Errors Clear F2 Clear F3 Figure 63 FKeys Menu 2 Use the V or A arrow keys to move to the desired FKey 1 2 or 3 entry on the menu Press ENTER The Configure FKey window opens as shown in Figure 64 on page 100 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 99 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 2 Customizing Softkeys cont Configure FKey Select a menu item Clear Figure 64 Configure FKey Window 3 Press ENTER to open the menu drop down list Then use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired submenu for example Contrast 4 Press ENTER to confirm the entry and press F3 OK to confirm the entry and close the window Press F2 Cancel to close the window without changing the key The screen now appears similar to Figure 65 on page 101 with the F1 window displaying Contrast Pressing F1 opens the Contrast window To customize a softkey from a particul
154. meter User s Manual Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Table 8 Diagnostic Parameters cont Diagnostic Parameter Displays Xmit Corr Displays raw upstream signal correlated Up with transmit signal Xmit Corr Displays raw downstream signal correlated Dn with transmit signal Cross Corr Displays transmit upstream signal corre lated with transmit downstream signal SS up Displays the signal strength for the upstream transducer SS do Displays the signal strength for the downstream transducer PEAK96 Displays the Percent of Peak Set to 40 by default To change see page 182 Qup Displays the signal quality for the upstream transducer Qdown Displays the signal quality for the down stream transducer Fup isplays the normalization factor for the pstream transducer Fdn isplays the normalization factor for the ownstream transducer Ps isplays the temperature for the supply input energy measurement Displays the temperature for the return input energy measurement Displays the difference between the tem perature for supply input and the tempera ture for return input energy measurement Displays the density for the supply input Energy measurement Displays the density for the return input Energy measurement Displays the delta enthalpy or difference between the supply and return enthalpy enthalpy is a measure of en
155. mp to hold it firmly against the pipe 2 MISALIGNMENT The transducer transmits relatively narrow beams of ultrasound and therefore transducer alignment is critical to assure that the beam can travel from one transducer to the other without undue attenuation Be sure to exactly follow the instructions that came with your transducers and clamping fixtures Also be sure that the transducer spacing agrees with the calculated spacing S 3 INTERNAL DAMAGE Ultrasonic transducers consist of a ceramic crystal bonded to the transducer case The bond between the crystal and the case may be damaged by extreme shock and by temperature extremes The crystal itself can also be damaged by the same conditions The internal wiring can be corroded or shorted if contaminants enter the transducer housing Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 211 Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 4 2 Clamp on Transducer Problems cont 4 PHYSICAL DAMAGE Transducers may be physically damaged by being dropped onto a hard surface or being struck against another object Usually the transducer connector is the part that is damaged as it is the most fragile Minor damage may be repaired by carefully bending the connector back into shape If the connector cannot be repaired replace the transducers Note that transducers must be replaced in pairs and that after replacement the flowmeter parameters should be checked see Chapte
156. n page 184 to enter the desired limits 3 The third prompt calls for the low and high limits for the amplitude discriminator The discriminator measures the size of the transducer signal sent from the PT878 If the signal falls outside these limits the E5 AMPLITUDE ERROR message appears Repeat Step 1 on page 184 to enter the desired limits 4 The fourth prompt asks for the acceptable limits for the soundspeed based on conditions in your particular system The E2 SOUNDSPEED ERROR message appears if the fluid soundspeed exceeds that entered in the Pipe option of the Program menu by more than this percentage The default value is 20 of the nominal soundspeed a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 5 The final prompt asks for the acceleration limit for detecting cycle skipping The E6 ACCELERATION ERROR message appears if the velocity changes by more than this limit from one reading to the next a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired speed c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 185 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 9 0 Setting Error Limits cont Note In the velocity and acceleration boxes if the PT878 currently displays metric measurements the F1 softkey displays the word English If it displays English measureme
157. n page 73 72 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 The Site Manager cont Site Manager IEA Site Sort New Open Save Save As EFAULT SIT ite Refresh Rename Delete 4 00 14 51 10 bytes 118272 bytes free Figure 40 Site Manager Menu Depending on the choice made above proceed as follows To create a new site go to page 74 To open an existing site thus replacing the current site go to page 76 To save a current site go to page 77 To refresh site information go to page 79 To rename a site go to page 78 To delete a site go to page 80 You can access five additional functions from the Site submenu shown in Figure 48 on page 81 To add a site message go to page 81 To print out a site go to page 83 To transfer a site to a PC go to page 83 To transfer a site in text format go to page 84 To transfer a site from a PC to the PT878 go to page 85 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 73 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 The Site Manager cont You can arrange files from the Sort submenu shown in Figure 55 on page 88 To sort files by name go to page 88 To sort files by date go to page 88 4 1 1 Creating a New Site Note Be sure you have entered the necessary setup data discussed in Chapter 3 Programming Site Data befo
158. nging the Display Language IMPORTANT To use this option you must have previously loaded a language translation file into the PT878 The PT878 offers the selection of several languages for its display To change the display language 1 From the Meter menu scroll to the Language entry and press ENTER The Display Options window opens on the Display tab as shown in Figure 80 on page 120 2 Press the V key four times to reach the Language prompt 3 Then press ENTER to enter the drop down menu 4 Scroll to the desired language on the menu here shown as either English or Francais French n Press ENTER to confirm the entry and F3 OK to close the option 6 Since changing the language requires restarting the PT878 a window shown in Figure 81 below opens asking that you confirm the change Press F2 to cancel the change or F3 to confirm the change Change Language Changing the meter s language requires a restart Choose CANCEL to exit or OK to proceed Cancel Figure 81 Confirmation Window for Language Change 122 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 8 Changing the Display Language cont The meter restarts in Operate Mode in the desired language Figure 82 below illustrates a French version of the display shown in Figure 58 on page 92 ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53AM Vitesse m s Gain dB Delta T ns 1
159. nsport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 69 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 3 Entering a Calibration Factor cont b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value for the data source and press ENTER to confirm the entry c Press the P key to move to the KFactor column Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER to confirm the entry d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Correction Factors window You have completed entering data for correction factors e To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 70 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites As mentioned in Chapter 1 the PT878 can store site data in files for current and future access To learn how to program setup data refer to Chapter 3 Programming Site Data After you answer the necessary questions simply save the information to a site file The Site Manager option then enables you to recall rename revert to print transfer or delete site files as needed To open the Site Menu press the MENU key at the lo
160. nt press SEL from the Operate Mode window shown in Figure 4 on page 13 A cursor appears next to the parameter closest to the upper left corner Continuing to press SEL enables the cursor to scroll through the other displayed measurements Once you have reached a particular window pressing the ENTER button opens the menu for that window as shown in Figure 56 below To learn how to use the display window menu see page 90 to page 94 ABC SIT 2000 11 30 09 53 AM il gt Velocity ft s Signal dB elu View Measurement 32 0 00 NENNEN Delta T ns Volume l s 0 10 0 0 cones EE Figure 56 Display Screen After Pressing SEL Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 89 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 1 The Format Option The first option on the menu Format allows you to specify the type of notation and the number of decimal places for the measurement in that window Press ENTER and the submenu shows two options Decimal Place and Notation Press the V or A arrow keys to select either entry and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 57 below To scroll to a particular parameter or menu entry press the W or A key Note If the window displays a line or bar graph the Limits option appears instead of Format in the menu Number Format Format Fixed Decimal Decimal Places 2 Cancel Figure 57 Number Format Window
161. ntering Fluid Types and Speeds To access the Fluid option scroll to the Fluid entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER If you are already in the Transducer Pipe form press the P arrow key to reach the Fluid window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 19 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 145 on page 229 of Appendix A Menu Maps Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe Lining moe Tracking Windows No Yes Fluid Water 2C Sound Speed 1496 Speed Min 1350 Speed Max 1650 Temp 77 Glycol 10 Figure 19 Fluid Type Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether or not you want Tracking Windows These windows are used to detect the receive signal when you are unsure of the fluid soundspeed Default operation is No a Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 37 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 5 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds cont 2 Next you must select the fluid type a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu Table 6 below lists the available choices which vary with your selection of Tracking Windows or the Energy option Table 6 Fluid Type Selection Tracking Windows Off Tracking Windows On Other Water
162. nts the F1 softkey displays Metric Press F1 to display the measurement in the alternate format You have completed entering signal error limits Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the error limits or Press F3 OK to confirm the new limits and return to Operate Mode 186 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 The Test Option Within the Service Menu the Test option includes seven tests to ensure that the PT878 is performing properly Test Screen Test Keys Watchdog Test Impulse Response Wave Snapshot Simulate and Battery Test To enter this option scroll to the Test entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 123 below Site Program Meter Logging SAM EE Velocity ft s Reports Calibrate Diagnostics Signal Setup Error Limits Test Delta T ns Test Screen Test Keys Watchdog Test Impulse Response Wave Snapshot Simulate Battery Test Figure 123 Test Option in the Service Menu Scroll to the desired entry in the option menu and press ENTER Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 187 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 1 Testing the Screen To test the proper functioning of the PT878 screen scroll to the Test Screen option in the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen then shows the message Press Any Key To Continue Once you p
163. o 56 Special Transducers Entering Data eese 26 Specifications Overall cc e a a o ceu es 213 Pipe Size and Material 0 0 0 cee eee ee 217 Thickness Gauges uper eMe pese etg abe a 218 Transducer pem ebd Re e EP 217 Stopwatch Totalizer 2 0 e 60 System Description oet eles ee ene EE Pa A 2 270 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Index T Task K8ys reo IRURE PST as bo BL ae at oh See 17 Test Keys c eR Ce A rd 189 Test POM S xs sie Ces ce e EGIT NR ERA E 59 Test SCIeen cort di ecu e eate due 188 Testing Timer Circuit cesis dl bb MERC RM SERRE RR Ged eee 190 Theory of Operation i sss pn RR rU CUR ER ARR lee oa RES 4 Thickness Calibrating 3o ORI RR bg op OU tu REA ER 165 Displaying in Graphical Format 0 00 00 00 ess 163 164 Displaying in Numeric Format 0 000000 esee 162 Thickness Gauge Calibrating oo cU ERU EVO RCNH HU IC ISIN 165 Entering Programming Data o ooo ooooccoccccorcrc o 170 Low Signal Threshold 171 Setup x ose hec a ds tude d eh A INN 159 Sound Speed eene e rm epp eX ee s 168 169 Specifications ic ese EE LER ERE SRA ae ee NER 218 Theory of Oper tion lese lentem RR Ree IR PE 249 Thickness Gauge Setup 2 0 uk geht ee eek ee eS 172 Detection Threshold 0 00 cee eee eee eee 172 Signal Inversion xs eer URN RN ee he ER Soe PERS 172 262 Transducer Delay 0 0 cece cee eh 171 Time Delay Entering ceu ue
164. oding Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without erasing the program Press F3 OK to confirm that you wish to erase the program Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 199 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 2b Installing New Software cont 2 The meter asks for confirmation Repeat the options shown in Step 1 above The screen on both the PC and the PT878 now appears similar to Figure 134 below GE Sensing PCI Loader v3 0 2 26 03 HW Rev3 Backup Battery OK Firmware CRC Valid Reload Flash via Infrared Yes No IrOBEX No IrCOMM Figure 134 Flash Reloading Window 3 The meter now asks if you wish to reload the flash memory via the infrared communications port Press F3 Yes or C on the PC keyboard to begin reloading via IrCOMM or Press F2 No or ESC on the keyboard to stop the reloading procedure 4 Besure the infrared sensor on the meter has a clear path to the infrared adapter on the PC and return to the PC Hyperterminal program 200 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 26 Installing New Software cont 5 Inthe Hyperterminal window pull down the Transfer menu and click Send File A window opens similar to Figure 135 below Send File Folder CATEMP Filename C TEMP INSTOO1_E cod E Protocol Xmodem y Send Close Cancel
165. ogram Menu At the Program Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 9 below While following the programming instructions see Figure 139 on page 222 of Appendix A Menu Maps Nel Meter Logging Service Vel Transducer Signal dB Pipe Lining Fluid 32 Path Energy A De Analog Input Volume l s Analog Output Digital Output User Functions Correction Factors EO No Errors Figure 9 Program Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V Jor A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press The V key to step through the available parameters The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters Note If you enter an incorrect numeric value press the lt key to erase the last digit entered 22 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 Entering Transducer Parameters To enter the Transducer option scroll to the Transducer entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 10 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure 143 on page 227 of Appendix A Note Refer to the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 for additi
166. oll to the Watchdog Test option in the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 126 below Site Program Meter Logging SAMEJ ji Watchdog Test ii WARNING This test should automatically restart your meter Press Yes to start the test Press No to cancel the test Figure 126 Watchdog Test Screen Press F2 No to cancel the test and return to the Menu screen or press F3 Yes to start the test The PT878 should go blank for a few seconds and then restart If it does not follow this sequence consult the factory 190 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 4 Setting Impulse Response The Impulse Response option enables you to force the meter to transmit in one direction only without changing the AGC setting You can then diagnose problems with transducer pipe or fluid configurations To enter the option scroll down to the Impulse Response entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 127 below Impulse Response Direction Upstream Percent Gain 20 Stopped Figure 127 Impulse Response Option 1 The first prompt asks in which direction you wish the meter to transmit upstream or downstream a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number c Press ENTER to confirm your selection Tran
167. onal information about transducers and configurations Frequency Transducer Pipe UCM Pipe Lining Fluid Path Type Wetted Transducer 2 00 Wedge Ang 50 Wedge Tmp 25 Wedge SS 1219 2 C Clamp on Special MHz Tw Figure 10 Transducer Option Window Cancel 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether you are using a wetted or a clamp on transducer a Use the lt and P keys to scroll between the two types b Press ENTER to confirm the choice Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 23 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 Note Entering Transducer Parameters cont The choices made early in the Transducer and Pipe options determine the prompts available later If the PT878 does not scroll to a particular parameter it is not necessary for that transducer or pipe type For example the Lining window is not available if you select a wetted transducer 2 The next prompt asks you to enter the transducer number printed on the transducer itself or to specify that you are using a special application transducer a c From the Type prompt press the V key to reach the Transducer prompt and press ENTER A drop down list of transducer numbers opens as in Figure 11 on page 25 The list varies depending on whether you have selected wetted or clamp on in the
168. onfirm the choice After entering either diameter or schedule settings pressing the A key returns the meter to the Pipe Material prompt 34 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters cont To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key In either case the PT878 returns to Operate Mode To return to the Pipe tab and scroll to other windows press the A key 3 4 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters To enter the Lining option scroll to the Lining entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Pipe window you can scroll back up to the Pipe tab and press the gt arrow key to reach the Lining window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 18 below To step through each parameter press the W key While programming refer to Figure 144 on page 228 of Appendix A Menu Maps Note The Lining option is only available for clamp on transducers Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe MA Fluid Path Material EUIS Sound Speed 2000 m s Thickness 0 mm Cancel Figure 18 Pipe Lining Window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 35 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 4 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters cont 1 The PT878 first prompt
169. oo high electronic failure If too low flowcell electrical problem Check for source of electrical interference Check electronics with a test flowcell If unit still fails to operate contact the factory Amplitude Error Excessive particles or bubbles present in fluid A lot of second phase present See Flowcell Problems on page 208 Cycle skip Acceleration Poor flow conditions or bad transducer spacing Check transducer spacing as programmed and as set on pipe See Flowcell Problems on page 208 and Transducer Problems on page 210 Analog Out Error Under current output Check that output load is within specification lt 550 ohm Temperature Input Supply Supply temperature input out of range Check cable and transmitter Temperature Input Return Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Return temperature input out of range Check cable and transmitter 205 Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 2 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters As part of its measurement menu the PT878 offers a list of diagnostic parameters to aid in troubleshooting in the event of flowcell transducer or electrical problems You can select any diagnostic parameter for display as a measurement as discussed in Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data on page 95 Table 8 below shows all the available diagnostic parameters and ranges Displays Delta
170. or scroll to Other for a material not on the list You can press the P key to scroll down by a page or the key to scroll up by a page Table 5 Preprogrammed Pipe Materials Pipe Material Category Specific Material Al Aluminum Rolled Brass None Cu Copper Annealed or Rolled CuNi Copper Nickel 7096 Cu 3096 Ni or 9096 Cu 1096 Ni Glass Pyrex Flint or Crown Gold Hard drawn Inconel None Iron Armco Ductile Cast Electrolytic Monel None Nickel None Nylon Polyethylene Polypropylene PVC CPVC or Acrylic Steel Carbon Steel or Stainless Steel Tin Rolled Titanium None Tungsten Annealed Carbide Drawn Zinc Rolled Other Any material Plastic c Press ENTER to confirm the choice Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 31 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters cont d If you have selected Other the meter prompts you to enter the soundspeed Use the numeric keys to type the desired soundspeed in the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice Note If the Other Pipe soundspeed entered is too large given the previously entered Wedge soundspeed and angles an error message similar to Figure 16 below will appear Press F3 OK the error message disappears and enter another soundspeed within the range specified C e ele Invalid Value Too High 100000 is Too High
171. or the log a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The next prompt asks you to choose whether the log is to be a standard or error log a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 136 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 1 Setting up a New Log cont 3 The next prompt asks for the starting date and time a c Press ENTER to enter the text box The meter highlights the first number Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to any number you wish to change or the P gt key to scroll to the time box Two alternatives are available to change a highlighted number Use the numeric keys to enter the desired number Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll in 1 digit increments to the desired number For example if the text box displays 09 pressing the V key twice changes the number to 07 You can scroll from 01 to 12 for the month and from 01 to 31 for the day depending on the number you have selected for the month In either case press ENTER to confirm the entry Follow the same procedure to enter the end date and time The final prompt in this window asks for the logging interval a b c Press ENTER to open the text box Use the numeric keys to enter the desired interval in secon
172. ormance and Accuracy A Surface Condition Loose or flaking scale rust corrosion or dirt on the outside surface of a test piece will interfere with the coupling of sound energy from the transducer into the test material Thus any loose debris of this sort should be cleaned from the specimen with a wire brush or file before measurements are attempted Generally it is possible to make corrosion measurements through thin layers of rust as long as the rust is smooth and well bonded to the metal below Some very rough cast or corroded surfaces may have to be filed or sanded smooth in order to insure proper sound coupling It may also be necessary to remove paint if it has been applied in thick coats or if it is flaking off the metal While it is often possible to make corrosion measurements through thin coats of paint on the order of a few thousandths of an inch or 0 1 0 2 mm thick paint will attenuate signals or possibly create false echoes causing inaccurate measurements Severe pitting on the outside surface of a pipe or tank can be a problem On some rough surfaces the use of a gel or grease rather than a liquid couplant will help transmit sound energy into the test piece In extreme cases it will be necessary to file or grind the surface sufficiently flat to permit contact with the face of the transducer In applications where deep pitting occurs on the outside of a pipe or tank it is usually necessary to measure remaining metal thickness
173. ou wish to measure from a drop down list a Press ENTER to open the list b Use the V or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired material c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 160 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 41 Entering the Material and Soundspeed cont If you have selected a preprogrammed material you have completed entering data in this window Pressing the V key returns the program to the Material tab But if you selected Other you can also enter a specific soundspeed 3 To enter the soundspeed a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired soundspeed from the brochure Soundspeeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 c Press ENTER to confirm your entry To leave the Material window Press the lt or P gt arrow key to move to another tab to take readings or perform a velocity calibration Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the soundspeed value Press F3 OK to confirm the new value The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 161 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 4 2 Measuring Thickness in Numeric Format To measure the actual thickness of a pipe hold the calibrated transducer steady press the lt 4 or P gt arrow key until you reach the Display tab and press ENTER The T Gauge
174. ou can scroll down to the Save Now option and press ENTER or From within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Save option and press ENTER In either case the screen appears similar to Figure 44 below Save Site Save the current site DEFAULT SIT Press F2 No to cancel saving the site or e Press F3 Yes to save the site The PT878 remains in the current window Operate Mode or Site Manager with the current site saved Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 77 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 4 Saving a Site with a Different Name If you want to save the current site with a different name open the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu scroll to the Save As option and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 45 below Save Current Site Figure 45 Save As Another Name Window Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER Repeat this procedure until you have created the desired site name Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers When you have finished Press F2 Cancel to erase the entry or Press F3 OK to confirm the entry The Save Site window then appears Press F2 No to cancel saving the site or Press F3 Yes to save the site The PT8
175. ou can use the 16 V supply to power your transmitter however you will need to order the special LEMO connector cable to connect your transmitter to the PT878 To make electrical connections you must connect the RTD sensor to the 4 to 20 mA transmitter and then connect the DTR to the PT878 Use the following sections to make electrical connections Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 245 Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation C 3 1 Connecting the RTD to the 4 to 20 mA Transmitter RTDs should have two common leads and one signal lead If you are using a GE RTD the wire colors may vary however two of the RTD wires will be the same color The wires that are the same color are the common leads and the remaining wire is the signal lead If you are using your own transmitter make the necessary connections If you are using the GE DTR connect the RTD wires to the terminal block labeled RTD Inputs Connect the common and signal wires to the appropriate pins as designated on the terminal block label IMPORTANT The supply and return RTD cables must be the same length in order to make accurate temperature measurements When you have completed supply and return connections proceed to the next section 246 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation C 3 2 Connecting the Transmitter to the PT878 If you are using the GE DTR
176. output unit 5 Press F3 OK to confirm your selection 6 You can repeat this procedure for up to 12 different parameters 7 When you have finished press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries or F3 Activate to confirm the entries and start the log If you started the log from the New Log option the PT878 returns to Operate Mode with a Pencil icon in the System Tray 1f you started it from within the Log Manager the meter returns to the Log Manager Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 139 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 2 Copying Cloning a Selected Log In the Clone Selected Log option you can copy the parameters of a particular log modify the parameters and start the copy To copy a log 1 First select the log you wish to copy in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 Then open the File Menu scroll to the Clone Selected Log option and press ENTER The Create New Log window see Figure 91 on page 135 opens Follow the procedure discussed on page 135 to create a log name and press F3 OK to confirm the name The General Log Format window shown in Figure 92 on page 136 opens Follow the procedure discussed on page 136 and page 137 to change any settings Note Unless otherwise specified the cloned log always begins at the current date and time and ends after the period of time used by the original log If you wish scroll to the Measurements window shown in
177. ower Energy T Down Temperature Gain Amplitude Down Soundspeed P Up Figure 60 Measurement Menu Window 96 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 Customizing the Display Screen You might wish to display one or two parameters or customize the soft keys to quickly access particular menus The Site Menu enables you to make more comprehensive changes in your display screen To enter the Site Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen The Site Menu will be highlighted in the upper left corner Press ENTER or the W arrow key The screen now appears similar to Figure 61 below While following the programming instructions refer to Figure 138 on page 221 of Appendix A Menu Maps SIN Program Meter Logging Service Manager Signal dB Save Now 1 View 2 View 3 View 4 View Drive Manager FKeys About E0 No Errors Figure 61 Site Menu To specify the number of parameters displayed go to page 98 To customize or clear softkeys FKeys go to page 99 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 97 Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 5 1 Specifying the Number of Displayed Parameters As mentioned earlier the PT878 can display one to four different m
178. p Default2 sit Figure 68 IR_Inbox Folder Transferred File 104 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data 5 6 2 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878 Once you have stored site or meter files to a PC you can then transfer them back to the PT878 over the IR interface The PT878 only accepts files with a sit site or met meter extension If you try renaming another type of file with a sit or met extension and transfer it it will be transferred but it will not function if you open it Also if you are transferring a file and the meter already has a file with the identical name the meter will overwrite its current file with the transferred file If the transferred file has a name longer than eight characters the meter will shorten the name to eight characters and replace any spaces in the name with underbars Note It is not possible to download log files back to the PT878 To download a site or meter file from a PC to a PT878 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 123 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program FilesNQuickBeam Suite is running 2 Youcan send the file in one of two ways For Windows NT 4 0 Click on the desired file and dr
179. pdating Software Via IrOBEX cont 5 The meter now asks if you wish to reload the flash memory via the infrared communications port Press F1 Yes to begin reloading via OBEX or Press F2 No to stop the reloading procedure Be sure the infrared sensor on the meter has a clear path to the infrared adapter on the PC Now return to the PC 6 You now have two options n Windows Explorer browse to the file you wish to send Select and right click on it Select Send To gt Infrared Recipient or Nearby Computer or QuickBeam if QuickBeam has been installed Open the Infrared Transfer Application My Computer Infrared Recipient click on Send Files and select the files you wish to send In either case a window displays the status of the file upload 8 12 2 Updating Software Via IICOMM Note While Windows 95 98 98SE and NT with QuickBeam support IrCOMM Windows 2000 and XP do not Refer to Appendix F Before you install new coding you must be sure that the PC has the correct protocols to transmit the software to the meter Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 197 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 12 2a Setting up the PC Note The use of Hyperterminal is shown here as an example If you are using a different communications software see its manual for detailed instructions 1 From the Start Menu click Programs Accessories Hyperterminal to open the Hyperterminal window 2
180. previous prompt See Table 4 on page 25 Press the V or A keys to scroll to the appropriate number or scroll to Special for a special application transducer To speed scrolling you can press the P key to scroll down by a page or the lt 4 key to scroll up by a page Press ENTER to confirm your selection The program now varies depending on whether you have selected standard or special transducers 24 If you have selected a standard wetted or clamp on transducer the PT878 comes programmed with the needed parameters Proceed to Confirming Entries on page 30 However if you have selected a special application transducer go to page 26 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data SPECIAL 40 41 Type 8 Wetted 42 43 44 Frequency 2 00 45 46 Wedge 447 Wedge 48 Wedge 49 zv Figure 11 Transducer Numbers Drop Down List Transducer Table 4 Transducer Numbers Available WETTED CLAMP ON SPECIAL SPECIAL 1 307 Shear 40 52 1 Rayleigh 1 308 Shear 41 53 2 Rayleigh 1 309 Shear 42 54 3 Rayleigh 0 Shear 43 55 10 Shear 1 Shear 10 Shear 28 Shear 125 Sh 12 Shear 11 Shear 29 Shear 126 Sh 13 Shear 4 5 12 Shear 30 Shear 127 Sh Shear 13 Shear 31 Shear 133 Sh 15 Shear 14 Shear 32 Shear 136 Sh 401 Shear 15 Shear 33 Shear 137 Sh 402 Shea
181. pts files with a sit site or met meter extension If you rename another type of file with one of these extensions and transfer it it will be transferred but will not function if you open it Also if you are transferring a file and the meter already has a file with the identical name the meter will overwrite its current file with the transferred file If the transferred file has a name longer than eight characters the meter will shorten the name to eight characters and replace any spaces in the name with underbars To download a site or meter file from a PC to a PT878 1 Check that the Communications option on the PT878 see page 123 has been set to the IrDA protocol and that the IR beam on the PT878 has clear access to the IR sensor connected to the PC port Note For Windows NT 4 0 check that the QuickBeam software available through the path C Program Files QuickBeam Suite is running 2 You can send the file in one of two ways For Windows NT 4 0 Click on the desired file and drag it onto the rocket button in the QuickBeam window as shown in Figure 51 below or FP QuickBeam File Send Options Help Figure 51 QuickBeam Window Open the Send menu in the QuickBeam window enter the Files or Files on Clipboard option scroll to the desired file and click Send QuickBeam opens a window indicating that it is downloading the file If you close and reopen the Site Manager the file appears as one of the liste
182. r 16 Shear 34 Shear 139 Sh 403 Shear 17 Shear 35 Shear 301 Sh 407 Shear 18 Shear 36 Shear 302 Sh 408 Shear 19 Shear 37 Shear 303 Sh 409 Shear 20 Shear 38 Shear 304 Sh 410 Shear 21 Shear 39 Shear 305 Sh 22 Shear 112 Shear 306 Sh Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 25 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 2 1 Parameters for Special Transducers Note The factory will supply the information required below with the transducers 3 The prompt asks for the transducer frequency to transmit a signal at a frequency to which the transducer can respond a From the Transducer prompt press the V key to reach the Frequency prompt and press ENTER b A drop down list of five frequencies opens ranging from 0 50 to 4 00 MHz Scroll to the desired frequency and press ENTER 4 The next prompt asks for Tw the time delay This parameter is actually the time the transducer signal spends travelling through the transducer and cable The PT878 calculates the flow rate from the upstream and downstream transit times in the fluid so the Tw time delay must be subtracted out for an accurate measurement The factory supplies the time delay on a sheet of paper inside the transducer case a From the Frequency prompt press the P gt key to reach the Tw prompt and press ENTER b Use the numeric
183. r TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection Mode r latif cette d claration sont en conformit avec les documents suivants EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex C Continuous Unmonitored Operation suivant les r gles de la Directive de Compatibilit Electromagn tique 89 336 EEC Les mat riels list s ci dessus ainsi que les transducteurs pouvant tre livr s avec les manchettes faisant l objet d une d claration de conformit s par e ne portent pas le marquage CE de la directive des quipements sous pression car ils sont fournis en accord avec la directive 97 23 EC des quipements sous pression pour les DN 25 Article 3 section 3 qui concerne les pratiques et les codes de bonne fabrication pour l ing nierie du son Shannon June 1 2002 cus Ls Mr James Gibson DIRECTEUR G N RAL nsa UV LS ENISO9002 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 US CERT DOC H5 August 2004 Sensing KONFORMITATS ERKLARUNG Wir Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland erkl ren in alleiniger Verantwortung da die Produkte TransPort PT878 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT878GC Clamp On Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort 2PT868 2 Channel Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 L Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter TransPort PT868 R Portable Ultrasonic Flowmeter with TransFlection
184. r 3 Programming Site Data 5 CYCLE SKIP CONDITION A cycle skip is usually caused by a distorted or altered signal due to poor couplant bad wall or unusual fluid disturbances To resolve a cycle skip recouple both transducers with proper couplant Try standard CPL 1 couplant that is good to 212 F 100 C or CPL 2 for up to 500 F 260 C In addition make sure the pipe wall is free of paint and rust Contact the factory if you cannot solve a transducer related problem 9 4 3 Relocating Transducers If the coupling or pipe wall are not the problem try relocating the transducers using the following method However before beginning make sure the transducers are not located on or near pipe welds or seams Move one transducer about 1 2 inch 12 7 mm closer to the other transducer If this resolves the problem you must modify the S dimension programmed into the PT878 by using the following steps 1 Press MENU 2 Scroll to the Program menu and press ENTER 3 Scroll to the Path option and press ENTER Then scroll down to the Spacing box and press ENTER 4 Usethe numeric keys to enter the transducer spacing Subtract 0 5 in 12 7 mm from the original S and enter the new S dimension 5 Press F3 OK If this method does not resolve the problem contact the factory 212 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 10 Specifications Chapter 10 Specifications
185. r battery properly In some areas battery disposal in business or household trash may be prohibited For safe disposal options contact your nearest GE authorized service center Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 11 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 3 Powering ON and OFF To operate the PT878 the power cord must be plugged into line voltage or the battery must be charged as described previously IMPORTANT For CE compliance the PT878 is classified as a battery powered device not to be used with the AC adapter To comply with CE certification do not operate the meter with the charger plugged in To turn the PT878 on press the red button in the upper right hand corner of the keypad Immediately upon power up the PT878 emits a short beep and displays a PCI Loader message It then validates the instrument programming and then displays the GE logo and the software version and emits a long beep If the meter fails any of these tests contact the factory WARNING If the meter fails the backup battery test you must send the unit back to the factory for a battery replacement Make sure you keep the batteries charged until you are ready to ship the unit back to the factory Before shipping print out all the log and site data or transfer it to your PC 12 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 5 Powering ON and OFF cont After the meter conducts a
186. r the Logging Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Main Menu replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key three times to scroll from the Site Menu to the Logging Menu At the Logging Menu press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 88 below Refer to Figure 141 on page 224 of Appendix A Menu Maps Site Program Meter Mefefelfate Velocity ft s Manager N E0 No Errors Figure 88 Logging Menu To scroll to a particular option press the V or A arrow keys until you reach the option Then press ENTER to open the option window When entering parameters in an option press The V key to step through the available parameters The A key to scroll back to a previously entered parameter The F2 key Cancel or the ESC key to exit an option at any time and return to Operate Mode without changing the parameters 132 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 7 2 The Log Manager Chapter 7 Logging Data The Log Manager offers users a way to check the status and memory size of all the logs currently pending running or finished To select Log Manager scroll to the Manager entry on the Logging Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 89 below The right section of the screen supplies information for the log highlighted in the list on the left You can use the V and A arrow keys to scroll to a pa
187. rature Transducers Types Loop powered 3 wire platinum RTDs clamp on and wetted thermowell types are available Accuracy 0 15 C wetted RTDs matched pairs Range 20 to 260 C 4 to 500 F 10 5 Pipe Size and Material 10 5 1 Clamp On Transducers Materials All metals most plastics consult GE Sensing for concrete composite materials and highly corroded or lined pipes Pipe Sizes 12 7 mm to 7 6 m outside OD 0 5 to 300 in Pipe Wall Thickness Up to 75 mm 3 in Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 217 Chapter 10 Specifications 10 6 Available Options Thickness Measuring Mode Standard GE Sensing amp Inspection Technologies Transducer dual element transducer Pipe Thickness Range 1 3 to 76 2 mm 0 05 to 3 0 in Pipe Materials Most standard metal and plastic pipe materials Accuracy 1 typical or 0 05 mm 0 002 in Display Resolution 0 01 mm 0 001 in Thermal Continuous operation to 37 C 100 F Exposure Intermittent operation to 260 C 500 F for 10 seconds followed by air cooling for 2 minutes Energy Equipment Dual RTD transmitter two 4 to 20 mA transmitters with input for 3 wire RTD 100 Pt and terminals for 4 to 20 mA output and 6 ft cable PC Option Infrared adapter plugs into any available serial port to give desktop PCs infrared capability Printer Option Thermal printer with rechargeable battery and 120 to 240 VAC power supply rech
188. re 120 below Signal Setup Peak Detect Pulse Code Peak Detect Method O Peak Threshold Min Threshold 25 Max Threshold 75 Percent Peak 40 Cancel Figure 120 Peak Detection Window Signal Setup Option Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 181 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 2 Setting up Peak Detection cont 1 The first prompt asks for the peak detection method Use the 4 and gt arrow keys to move to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER If you have selected the peak detection method you have completed entering data in this window But if you have selected the threshold method you must also enter the minimum and maximum threshold percentage available from 0 to 100 used to measure transit time 2 Toenter the minimum threshold a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 Repeat step 2 to enter the maximum threshold 4 The final prompt asks for the percent of peak a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys and the key for negative numbers to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have completed entering data for Peak Detection To leave this window Press the A key to return to the Peak Detection tab and the 4 arrow key to move to the Signal Parameter tab
189. re creating and saving anew site To create a new site within the Site Manager press MENU to open the File Menu Be sure the option New is highlighted and then press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 41 below Site 01 A B C D E F G H J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 sj eN O amp Figure 41 Name Entry Window for a New Site 1 Use the four arrow keys to scroll to the desired letter or number and press ENTER 74 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 1 Creating a New Site cont 2 Repeatthis procedure until you have created the desired site name of up to eight characters Press F1 Delete to remove any unwanted letters or numbers 3 When you have finished press F3 OK to confirm the entry or F2 Cancel to leave the window without creating a site A second screen appears as shown in Figure 42 below asking if you want to use the currently highlighted site as a template with the current display windows measurements and programmed data To modify the display and measurements refer to Chapter 5 Displaying and Configuring Data To alter programming data see Chapter 3 Programming Site Data e Press F2 No if you do not want to use it or Press F3 Yes if you do want to use it as a template New Site
190. reen ESC enables you to exit menus or menu options at any time cancels a numeric entry Redkey O turns the power on or off and toggles the backlight on or off Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 17 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 4 2 Keypad cont Pun w ENTER Figure 7 PT878 Keypad 18 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 5 Obtaining On Line Help The PT878 offers context sensitive on line help screens that describe various features You can access on line help at any time by pressing the key The screen appears similar to Figure 8 below Table of Contents Use the arrows and the enter key to select from the links below Press F2 to return to the TOC Site Menu Program Menu Meter Menu Log Menu Service Menu Miscellaneous About Figure 8 Main Help Menu Use the three function keys and the A and V arrow keys to navigate to the desired menu and press ENTER Repeat this procedure to access the desired topic within the menu When you have finished using the Help menu Press F1 Back to move back one level Press F2 TOC to return to the Table of Contents e Press F3 Close to return to the previous screen Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 19 Chapter 2 Initial Setup no content intended for this page proceed to next page 20 Transpo
191. ress MENU Scroll to the Log option and press ENTER The window appears similar to Figure 97 below Log Manager Kpg View Sort Pause All Logs Start All Logs End All Logs View All Sites Info AAA LOG State Finished 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 97 Log Menu in the Log Manager Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 145 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 4 1 Stopping Pausing a Log To stop a log that is currently pending or running 1 First select the log you wish to pause in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the Pause option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with Paused in the State line 7 4 2 Restarting a Log To restart a paused log 1 First select the log you wish to restart in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the Start option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with a status of Pending or Running 7 4 8 Ending a Log To end a log 1 First select the log you wish to end in the Log Manager shown in Figure 89 on page 133 2 Then open the Log Menu scroll to the End option and press ENTER The PT878 ret
192. ress a key a screen with a checkerboard pattern appears as shown in Figure 124 below Press Any Key To Continue Figure 124 Functioning Test Screen Pressing a key two more times should result in two more checkerboard patterns followed by a series of dark and light screens Pressing the key through this sequence should return the PT878 to Operate Mode If the test does not proceed according to this sequence please consult the factory 188 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 2 Testing the Keys The Test Keys option checks the functioning of the various keys on the keypad To start the test scroll to the Test Keys option on the Test Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 125 below Press any key on the keypad and a window representing that key should darken Figure 125 Test Keys Window Pressing the F3 key returns the meter to the Operate Mode If any key does not appear on the screen contact the factory Note The power key does not appear Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 189 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 3 Testing the Watchdog Timer Circuit The PT878 includes a watchdog timer circuit If a software error causes the meter to stop responding this circuit automatically resets the meter A properly functioning PT878 restarts if you run the Watchdog Test To start the Watchdog Test scr
193. rgy C Disabled 0 Enabled System Heating O Cooling Flow Measurement at Supply y Return Calculation Method e Standard e Custom Cp Cancel Figure 21 Energy Option Window 1 The first prompt asks if you want to disable or enable the Energy Option a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Note If you select Disabled you cannot select any other prompt in this window 42 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 Entering the Energy Option Parameters cont 2 The next prompt asks if you are using a heating or cooling system a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection The program now asks if you are measuring flow at the point of supply or return a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection The final prompt asks if you wish to use the standard or Custom Cp method for energy calculations If you choose Custom Cp you must enter tables for fluid enthalpy and density in the Custom Cp tab see page 46 a Use the lt d and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Pressing the key returns the meter to the Energy prompt and then to the Energy
194. rmat 0 00 000s 162 8 4 3 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format 163 84 4 Calibrating the Thickness Gauge Transducer 5 165 8 4 5 Calculating Velocity Pipe Material Soundspeed 168 8 5 Programming the Thickness GQUge 66 cece nnn ee e ees 170 8 6 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters 0 0 cece cence eee ees 173 8 7 Calibrating the Analog Output and Inputs 174 8 7 1 Calibrating the Analog Output 0 cece cece eee 174 83 2 Calibratinig Anpalts s o rr E a rete ie n 176 8 8 Setting up Signal Parameters 178 8 8 1 Setting up Signal Parameters 0 ccc cece eee ees 179 8 82 Setting Up Peak Detection tm tet ee n 181 8 8 3 Selecting the Transmit Code mesias i op A retos 183 8 9 Setting ENORME RDUM RS 184 830 The Test Optio aA e cera exposed we de eit t NE 187 8 10 1 Testing the Screen seris e RE ee te ts 188 8 10 2 Testing the Kays cd Seiya fay See IRR Ya wary ERES 189 8 10 3 Testing the Watchdog Timer Circuit 0 0 0 ccc cece 190 8 10 4 Setting Impulse Response 2 ccc cee cee eee 191 8 10 5 Taking Wave Samples for Diagnosis 0 0 cece eee es 192 8 10 6 Applying a Stored Signal for Diagnosis o ooooooooo 192 8 10 7 Testing the Battery cia a 193 8 11Resetting to Factory Default Parameters 0 c cece cece eee 194 8 12UPAdGting PI878SOTIwdte nue ea aeneo n gatos 195 8 12 1 Updatin
195. rn to Menu Figure 139 Program Menu with Pipe Option Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 222 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Contrast Backlight Language Tables Backlight Off Battery Date Condition Lighter English Date Separator Communications See Figure A 17 1 Time Separator Data Points Max Points Date Format Edit Tables MM DD DD MM Time Format 24 Hour Figure 140 Meter Menu Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 223 Appendix A Menu Maps Menu m Note Press F2 Cancel to cancel the entries and return to Menu Logging Press F3 OK to confirm the entries and return to Menu Log Manager New Log Name
196. rt Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data Chapter 3 Programming Site Data On the PT878 a Program Menu part of the Main Menu enables you to enter information that is specific to each site Transducer types and paths Pipe materials and linings Fluid types Heating or cooling energy flow rate Analog input and output parameters Digital output parameters User functions Correction factors For immediate operation the PT878 requires only transducer pipe and fluid data However additional information allows you to tailor measurements as specifically as possible to your particular application Once you have entered this data you can save it in files and recall these files for later use The PT878 can store up to 1 MB or 32 site files of data in the meter at any one time But through the infrared link users can store an unlimited number of sites in a PC and then upload the sites they will actually use This chapter covers entering Transducer pipe and fluid parameters Input output and other setup parameters User functions Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 21 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 1 Entering the Program Menu To enter the Program Menu press the MENU key at the lower right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Press the P arrow key once to scroll from the Site Menu to the Pr
197. rticular log and display information pertaining to File Log that log Log Manager View Sort BBB CCC Info AAA LOG State Finished 03 01 01 13 13 41 E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 03 01 01 13 23 21 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 89 Log Manager Window To access the menu for the Log Manager press the MENU key The cursor highlights the File Menu in the upper left corner Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the desired menu and press ENTER to open the menu Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 133 Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 The File Menu The File menu allows you not only to create new logs but also to copy rename or delete logs as well as to print them or transfer them to a PC To open the File Menu from the Log Manager press the MENU key and then ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 90 below Log Manager MIN Log View Sort Info AAA L Clone Selected Log Geis ead Rename S 03 01 01 13 13 41 Delete E 03 01 01 13 23 41 Delete All Logs Interval 10 Seconds Records 51 Refresh Print 03 01 01 13 23 21 Transfer 1216 bytes 109568 bytes free Figure 90 File Menu in the Log Manager 134 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 3 1 Setting up a New Log The New Log option enables you to create and set up parameters for a n
198. s F3 OK e To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key In either case the PT878 returns to Operate Mode 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters To enter the Pipe option scroll to the Pipe entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER From the Transducer window you can scroll back up to the Transducer tab and press the P gt arrow key to reach the Pipe window and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 15 below To step through each parameter press the V key Refer to Figure 139 on page 222 of Appendix A Menu Maps Note Refer to the brochure Soundspeeds and Pipe Size Data 914 004 for additional information about pipe sizes and soundspeeds Transducer Pipe Transducer Pipe Lining Fluid Path Material Sound Speed 600 3 m s Measure Wall with TGauge OD mm OD x PI mm Wall mm 5 15 708 2 Nominal Schedule ANSI Figure 15 Pipe Option Window 30 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 3 Entering Pipe Parameters cont 1 The first prompt asks you to select the pipe material a Press ENTER to enter the material prompt b A drop down list of materials opens Table 5 below lists the available preprogrammed materials on the list Press the V or A keys to scroll to the appropriate material
199. s effect due to a relatively large grain size and the anisotropy of sound velocity with respect to grain orientation Other materials show a rapid change in sound velocity with temperature This is characteristic of plastic materials where temperature must be controlled in order to obtain maximum precision in the measurement D 1 4c Sound Attenuation or Absorption In many organic materials such as low density plastics and rubber sound is attenuated very rapidly at the frequencies used in normal ultrasonic thickness gaging Therefore the maximum thickness that can be measured in these materials is often limited by sound attenuation 252 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant To comply with 29 CFR 1910 1200 Effective Date 4 1 98 Note N A not applicable or not available E 1 Product Identification Product Name SOUNDSAFEG Generic Name Ultrasonic Couplant Manufacturer Sonotech Inc 774 Marine Dr Bellingham WA 98225 360 671 9121 FAX 360 671 9024 E mail sonotech 9 nas com http www sonotech inc com NFPA Hazardous Materials Identification System est Health tee 0 Flammability 0 Reactivity sse 0 E 2 Hazardous Ingredients This material does not contain any ingredients having known health hazards in concentrations greater than 1 This ma
200. s which can be accessed at a later time Within the Main Menu a set of forms windows asks you all the necessary setup information for a particular site Once the necessary questions are answered you simply save the information to a file The PT878 stores these files and other data in non volatile memory which retains the information even if power is off The flowmeter itself runs on rechargeable or alkaline batteries for up to 10 hours This small lightweight flowmeter displays measurements in both numeric and graphical form on a EL backlit 240 x 200 pixel LCD graphic screen The PT878 also has the capability of logging over 100 000 flow data points internally Using an infrared communications port the PT878 can transmit or print logged data as well as real time data and other stored data It is also computer programmable via GE s PanaView software Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 1 Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities 1 1 Overview cont To assist you the PT878 is fully equipped with context sensitive on line help which is accessible at any time by simply pressing the Help key Internal diagnostic and troubleshooting features help isolate and remedy common flowcell and transducer problems The PT878 operates with all standard GE transducers wetted clamp on hybrids Pan Adapta plug and buffered styles A built in ultrasonic thickness gauge capability measures the pipe wa
201. s with switchable 16 V supply for loop powered temperature transmitters Acoustic One pair of LEMO coaxial transducer connectors Cable and length Cable length 8 m 25 ft standard Up to 305 m 1000 ft optional with extension cables Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 215 Chapter 10 Specifications 10 3 Operational Specifications Site Parameter Menu driven operator interface using a keypad and Programming soft function keys On line help functions including pipe tables Storage for saving parameters for up to 64 sites Data Logging Memory capacity to log over 100 000 flow data points Keypad programmable for log units update times and start and stop times Display Functions Graphic displays shows flow in numeric or graphical format Also displays logged data Supports multiple languages English French German Japanese Spanish Castilian and South American Italian Portuguese Dutch Russian and Swedish Totalizers Pulse or frequency totalizer output 216 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 10 Specifications 10 4 Transducer 10 4 1 Clamp On Ultrasonic Flow Transducers Temperature Range Standard 40 to 150 C 40 to 300 F Optional overall 190 to 300 C 310 to 572 F Housing Standard None Optional List models or consult factory Mounting SS Chain or strap welded or magnetic clamping fixtures 10 4 2 Tempe
202. s you to select the pipe lining material a Press ENTER to open the drop down list of lining materials b Scroll to the appropriate material If you do not see your lining material on the list select Other c Press ENTER to confirm your choice Note If your pipe lining is not on the drop down list consult the factory for further information 2 The menu now follows one of two paths f you have selected a preprogrammed material the PT878 automatically supplies the correct soundspeed and you can proceed to step 3 If you have selected Other the meter prompts you to enter the soundspeed Use the numeric keys to type the desired soundspeed in the text box and press ENTER to confirm the choice 3 The meter now asks for the lining thickness Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value in the text box and press ENTER to confirm your entry Pressing the V key returns the meter to the Lining tab e To confirm the entries and return to Operate Mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Toleave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To scroll to other windows press the 4 or P key Your changes will remain until you select OK or Cancel from one of the tabbed windows in the Transducer Pipe form 36 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 5 E
203. set should normally be set to zero Note Consult the factory before performing this step a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 3 The next prompt the transmitter sample size is the number of pulses each transmitter upstream and downstream emits It is set to 8 by default Note Consult the factory before performing this step a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 4 The next prompt asks for the zero cutoff Near zero flow the PT878 may have fluctuating readings due to small offsets caused by factors such as thermal drift in the fluid The zero cutoff causes velocity measurements less than the cutoff to be reported as zero To set the cutoff a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 179 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 8 1 Setting up Signal Parameters cont 5 The next prompt asks for velocity averaging a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use the W or A arrow keys to scroll to the desired number of velocity measurements to average together to smooth out noise in the system c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 6 The
204. simply plug the LEMO connector into the I O connector as shown in Figure 156 below Transducer Upstream Downstream gt Infrared Transceiver Input Output Figure 156 Connection Locations Note For input output cable connections see Table 1 on page 8 If you are using your own transmitter you must connect the special GE cable to your transmitter as shown in Table 9 below Table 9 Cable Connections from GE Cable to Customer Supplied Transmitter Pin Number Wire Color GE Cable GE Cable Description 16 V unpowered transmitters only Supply Temperature Return Temperature 5 Green Ground for both supply and return Once you complete making the above connection plug the LEMO connector into the I O connector as shown in Figure 156 above You have completed RTD installation Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 247 Appendix C Temperature Transmitter Installation no content intended for this page proceed to next page 248 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation Appendix D Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation All ultrasonic thickness gauging involves timing the round trip of a sound pulse in a test material Because solid metal has an acoustic impedance that differs from that of gasses liquids or corrosion products such as scale or rust the sound pulse will reflect from the
205. smit cycle and convert the ultrasonic pulses back to electrical energy when in a receive cycle They can be fixed to the outside of the flowcell pipe clamp on or inserted into the pipe to directly measure the fluid wetted Transmitter Sample Size Number of pulses the transmitter emits in one direction upstream or downstream before transmitting in the other direction It is set to 8 by default Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 261 Appendix G Glossary Transit Time Flow measurement technique based on the principle that when ultrasonic pulses are transmitted through a moving liquid the pulses that travel in the same direction as the fluid flow downstream travel slightly faster than the pulses that travel against the flow upstream When the liquid in the pipe is not flowing the transit time downstream equals the transit time upstream When the liquid is flowing the transit time downstream is less than the transit time upstream The difference between the downstream and upstream transit times is proportional to the velocity of the flowing liquid and its sign indicates the direction of flow Traverses Number of times the ultrasonic signal crosses the pipe User Functions User defined mathematical equations for use with any measurement User Tables User defined tables of data for use with user functions Velocity Averaging Parameter that averages a desired number of veloc
206. sport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 191 Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 10 4 Setting Impulse Response cont 2 The second prompt asks for the percent of gain a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired percentage c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have completed entering data for the Impulse Response option Press F1 to start transmitting in the chosen direction Press F2 to stop transmitting Press F3 to leave the option and return to Operate Mode 8 10 5 Taking Wave Samples for Diagnosis The Wave Snapshot option allows you to capture receive signals to a file that you can send to a PC for diagnostic purposes To use this option scroll down to the Wave Snapshot entry in the Service Menu and press ENTER The PT878 then captures three pairs of upstream and downstream raw signals to a file named Wave01 met If you repeat the captures the successive files will be named Wave02 met Wave03 met etc You can then transfer the files over the IR port to a PC for analysis by a service engineer Note Refer to page 104 for information on transferring a file to a PC 8 10 6 Applying a Stored Signal for Diagnosis The Simulate option places the PT878 in a mode in which it uses a stored signal instead of the live signal from the transducers to make flow calculations for diagnostic purposes On the PC you must rename a Wavexx met file as Wave m
207. ssed separately in the Liquid Transducer Installation Guide 916 055 2 1 3 Input Output Connections The PT878 provides one 0 4 20 mA current output and two 4 to 20 mA analog inputs with switchable 16 V supply for loop powered temperature transmitters It also supports digital frequency and totalizer outputs Connect the inputs outputs using a LEMO multi pin connector as in Figure 2 on page 6 The pin numbers for the connector and the color code for the standard input output cable are shown in Table 1 on page 8 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 7 Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 13 Input Output Connections cont Table 1 Cable Assembly for Analog Inputs Outputs Pin Wire Number Color Description 1 Black Analog Out 1 Red 16 V switched White Supply or Return Temperature Input A Yellow Supply or Return Temperature Input B Green Analog Ground Orange Digital Output frequency output pulse totalizer diagnostic output or calibration gate Blue Digital Ground Violet Receive Monitor 2 1 4 The Infrared Wireless Interface The PT878 comes equipped with an internal infrared transceiver shown in Figure 2 on page 6 that enables communication between the meter and other IR devices particularly the IR ports or dongles IR to RS232 adapters of Windows based PCs Users can send and receive site and log data They can also program the meter using the optiona
208. t prompt asks you to select the input a Press ENTER to open the drop down list b Use V Jor A arrow key to scroll to the desired output A or B c Press ENTER to confirm your selection 3 The next prompt asks for the value to which you want to set the low input 0 or 4 mA a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 176 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 7 2 Calibrating Inputs cont 4 Press the P arrow key to move to the Read box and then press ENTER to read the low input 5 The next prompt asks for the value to which you want to set the high input 20 mA a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry 6 Press the P arrow key to move to the Read box and then press ENTER to read the high input 7 Press the V key to move to the Calibrate box and press ENTER to calibrate the inputs 8 Atthis point you have two options a If you are unsatisfied with the calibration you can reset the inputs to factory defaults Press the P arrow key to move to the Reset box and then press ENTER to undo the calibration b If you are satisfied with the calibration press the V key to return to the Input prompt and repeat steps 2 through 8 for the other input You
209. ta 3 11 3 Entering a Calibration Factor The Calibration Factor is used to calibrate or adjust the readings of the PT878 to another flow reference To enter a Calibration Factor return to the Reynolds Correction tab at the top of the Correction Factors option Press the P arrow key to reach the Calibration Factor window The window appears similar to Figure 36 below To step through each parameter press the W key Correction Factors Meter K Factor Data Source Reynolds Correctio exilio Calibration Factor 8 On O Off K Factor Single C Table 10 Edit Table Figure 36 The Calibration Factor Window 1 The first prompt asks if you wish to enable the calibration factor a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection 2 The next prompt asks if you want a single K factor or a table of K factors a Use the 4 and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button b Press ENTER to confirm your selection Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 67 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 11 3 Entering a Calibration Factor cont 3 The following steps depend on whether you select a single value or a table If you entered Single The prompt asks for a value This feature enables a single multiplier to be applied to the flow rate reported by the PT878
210. ta transfer in progress Alert Indicates the meter encountered an error in operation Log Indicates a log is pending no marks or running marks Heating Indicates heating or cooling energy cooling mode Stopwatch Calibration Gate Operation Watch is stopped when the gate is closed or runs when it is open Snapshot Indicates that the Snapshot function To file has been activated so users can take To Printer screen captures see page 130 The bottom of the screen displays the three function key options F1 F2 and F3 These keys have different functions depending on the task you are performing 16 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 4 2 Keypad The PT878 keypad has 25 keys The functions for each key are as follows see Figure 7 on page 18 e 3 function keys F1 F2 F3 enable you to select the special functions which appear at the bottom of the screen 12 numeric keys including and enable you to enter numeric data e 4 arrow keys d P gt A W enable you to move through the menu options e Help key enables you to access on line help discussed on page 19 MENU Menu key enables you to access the Main Menu e ENTER enables you to enter a particular menu and enters selected values into the PT878 memory e SEL enables you to move between data measurements on the sc
211. te IR port whether built in or using an external dongle Windows NT4 0 For IR use Windows NT4 0 requires installation of QuickBeam software from Extended Systems www extendedsystems com Desktop PCs and laptops without built in IR ports also require adding an IR dongle While laptops with a built in IR port normally do not require a dongle its addition might be necessary in some cases Windows Me 98SE 98 95 The Windows 98SE and Me operating systems include IR drivers However in most cases the IR port has not been installed or configured From the Control Panel click on Add New Hardware and select Choose Device From List Select Infrared from the list and then select the appropriate infrared port whether built in or external Note In some instances the infrared port must be enabled in the BIOS of your PC Consult your computer documentation manufacturer or MIS department Assistance is also available from the Microsoft Support Knowledge Base at http support microsoft com 258 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix G Glossary Appendix G Glossary AGC Automatic gain control which sets the receive amplifier based on measured signal strength This electronic circuit automatically adjusts the gain of the receive amplifier to maintain the correct receive signal amplitude Calibration Factor Correction factor used as a reference for the flowmeter electronics to ensure accurate re
212. terial does not contain any known or suspected carcinogens Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 253 Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 3 Physical Data nominal Boiling Point 2220 F Freezing Point 20 F Vapor Pressure N A Evaporation Rate N A Solubility in Water complete Appearance and Odor water white opaque gel bland odor pH 7 35 7 9 Acoustic Imp 1 726 X 10 Vapor Density N A Specific Gravity 1 05 E 4 Fire and Explosion Hazard Data Flash Point none Upper Exposure Limit none Lower Exposure Limit none Special Fire Fighting Procedures N A Extinguishing media N A Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards none E 5 Reactivity Data Stability stable Conditions to Avoid none Incompatibility Materials to Avoid none known Hazardous Polymerization will not occur Hazardous decomposition or Byproducts none known 254 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Appendix E Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant E 6 Health Hazard and First Aid Data Routes of Entry 1 Skin not likely Eyes not normally Ingestion not normally Inhalation no ISOUNDSAFEO contains only food grade and cosmetic grade ingredients Effects of Overexposure Acute May cause temporary eye irritation Chronic None expected First Aid Procedures Skin Remove with water if desired Eyes Flush with water for 15 minutes Ingestion
213. ters for Clamp On Transducers o ooooooooo 40 3 6 2 Path Parameters for Wetted Transducers 0 0 0005 41 3 7 Entering the Energy Option Parameters 00 ccc ccc e eee eee 42 3 7 1 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option 00 eee eee 44 3 7 2 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option 46 3 8 Entering Analog Inputs 0 c cece cece nce ee 50 3 8 1 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs 0 00 0 eae 50 3 8 2 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Opti0N 52 3 9 Entering the Analog Output 2 edm ebbe tea edes 54 3 10Entering the Digital OPET sa xis cascos ota eat asl em else wae 57 3 11 Entering User Functions annee cen ees 61 3 11 1 Entering Correction Factors 00 c cence tenn eee 65 3 11 2 Entering Reynolds Correction 00 0 cece cece cece nnn eas 65 3 11 3 Entering a Calibration Factor espren isoen iana cece ccna 67 viii Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Contents Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4T The Site Marnagelr siete rete Pw uu RE eR beue 72 TT Creating a New SITO ss kareena these stents diet tbt cand eter 74 4 12 Opening an Existing Site 2 0 0 ec eee ees 76 ALS SAVING iS ah etl vente dete 77 4 1 4 Saving a Site with a Different Name 0 6 cece eee 78 ALS Refreshihgar Site ciis oce ia 79 41 6 Renaring d Site sm ste eR tot bur C Rb ep pedals 79 A DE
214. the desired output unit e Press F3 OK to confirm your selection 3 The last set of parameters that appears depends on the selection you made at the Function prompt If you selected Pulse Totalizer The prompt asks for the units pulse the pulse width in microseconds and the polarity Figure 31 on page 57 illustrates a Digital Output window configured for the Pulse Totalizer function For the Units Pulse and Pulse Width parameters 58 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 10 Entering the Digital Output cont a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection For Polarity a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired polarity either Low to High or High to Low c Press ENTER to confirm your selection If you selected Frequency The prompt asks for the minimum and maximum frequencies and the duty cycle percentage For each parameter a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your selection If you entered Test Points The prompt asks for the window trigger type from two choices transmit and receive These two windows can be used to trigger an oscilloscope to look at the receive signal output on another channel a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu
215. the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 2 The final prompt asks for the span input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry You have completed entering parameters in the Analog Inputs option To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 53 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 9 Entering the Analog Output The Analog Output option enables you to enter information to set up output parameters To enter the option scroll to the Analog Output entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 29 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 149 on page 233 of Appendix A Menu Maps Analog Output Function 0 20 mA Data Source Velocity Meters sec Zero 0 Span 25 5 m s m s On Error Hold Last Value Cancel Figure 29 Analog Output Window 1 Thefirst prompt enables you to select a range to send a current signal to a recording device a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired output from three choices Off 0 20 mA an
216. the problem In general troubleshooting may be necessary if the TransPort displays an error message the flow readings are erratic or you have other reasons to doubt the accuracy of readings for example readings do not agree with other flow measuring devices connected to the same process This section describes error messages diagnostic parameters and shows you how to isolate problems to one of the following areas Electronics including programmed values Flowcell which includes the pipe and fluid Transducers and cables Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 203 Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 1 Error Code Messages Error Code messages appear on the screen while you are displaying measurements When logs appear in graph form errors are indicated by a vertical gray bar at the point of error When they appear in a spreadsheet format errors are indicated by their number in place of the measurement The Error Code messages are only general descriptions of the possible problems Use Table 7 below to isolate and remedy the problem If you are unable to remedy the problem contact the factory Note We suggest that in order to isolate the indicated problem more easily you obtain a test flowcell Contact the factory for details No error Possible Cause Displays briefly after dis play of another error message Table 7 Error Messages None required Measurement is
217. tion only without changing the amplifier gain setting Locale Format for displaying the time and date Peak Detection A method for identifying the ultrasonic signature in the received signal In the Peak method the peak is identified by testing a derivative of the signal In the Threshold method the peak is identified as the point where the signal crosses a threshold that is a percentage of the maximum signal detected Receive Window A window of time during which the PT878 tries to detect the ultrasonic signal It is determined by using the fluid soundspeed and the signal path length to estimate when the signal will arrive at the receiving transducer Reynolds Correction Correction factor based on the Kinematic Viscosity and flow rate of the fluid Signal Inversion Option that enables a thickness gauge user to invert the transducer signal Signal Path Path the ultrasonic signal travels from one transducer to the other Simulate Option in the Service Menu that allows users to simulate measurements based on a waveform stored in the PT878 Site A location on a pipe where measurements are made The site includes the transducers pipe fluid type pipe material and other parameters Site File Instrument program that combines all the necessary parameters transducer pipe fluid etc for a particular measurement location Snapshot Option in the Meter Menu to take screen captures
218. ts It will consider anything above the entered percentage as part of the signal To change this value a Press ENTER to open the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm your entry You have finished entering values for the Programming window To leave this window Press the 4 arrow key to move to the Materials tab Press F2 Cancel to return to Operate Mode without confirming the changes The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Press F3 OK to confirm the new data and return to Operate Mode The PT878 returns to Operate Mode 172 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 8 Servicing the PT878 8 6 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters The Diagnostics option enables you to view current diagnostic parameters without having to open a display window in Operate Mode To enter the option scroll to the Diagnostics entry on the Service Menu and press ENTER The screen appears similar to Figure 116 below Diagnostic Tests eter ErrorOx0000 Up Down T 430 67 430 67 Pit 493 493 Sig Quality 5257 4952 Arnplitude 20 4 28 8 Gain 6 5 7 0 count 919 597 Signal 65 59 65 5 Soundspeed m s 1503 9 Reynolds so0 kRe 0 7704 Delta T 0 69 m s 0 03 Cancel Figure 116 Diagnostics Window Press F2 Cancel or F3 OK to close the window and return to Operate Mode Note For an explanation of diagnostic parameters refer to Chapter 9
219. ual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering up to 20 values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Custom Cp window To confirm the entries and return to Operate mode press F3 OK The PT878 returns to Operate Mode To leave the window without confirming the entries press F2 Cancel or the ESC key The PT878 returns to Operate Mode Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 49 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 8 Entering Analog Inputs The Analog Input option enables you to specify parameters for general purpose or energy inputs To enter the Inputs option scroll to the Analog Input entry on the Program Menu and press ENTER If you have not enabled the Energy Option see page 42 the screen appears similar to Figure 26 below To step through each parameter press the W key Refer to Figure 148 on page 232 of Appendix A Menu Maps 3 8 1 Entering General Purpose Analog Inputs Analog Input Input A Y Input B Function General Purpose Label Inlet Temp Units C Zero Span Cancel Figure 26 Analog Inputs Option Window 1 The first prompt asks you to select whether the desired function is off or general purpose a Press ENTER to open the drop down menu b Scroll to the desired response
220. umber window the battery continues to function but the battery status icons see page 10 will not be accurate Battery Charger Status Full Charge Run Time Remaining g g PHO Battery Voltage 5 78 Volts Battery Type NiCd Backup Battery OK Part Number 1 8Ahr NiCd 200 058 Condition Battery Cancel Figure 78 Battery Charger Window 114 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 6 Programming Meter Settings 6 3 The Battery Charger cont 3 To condition the batteries press the ENTER key The Condition Battery window should now read Stop The status line should change to Discharging Updating the status could take up to 30 seconds Note It is advisable to condition NiCad batteries when their run time is reduced to 5096 of their previous run time 4 To stop the discharge cycle press the ENTER key and the Condition Battery window reappears The status now changes to On Charger 5 Press F3 OK to return to Operate Mode 6 4 Entering Date and Time In Operate mode the Status Bar displays the current date and time above the measurements in the upper right corner of the screen The Date Time option allows you to set the date or time which are required for correct data logging operation To set the time 1 Fromthe Meter menu scroll to the Date Time entry and press ENTER The Meter Settings window reopens as shown in Figur
221. urns to the Log Manager which displays the highlighted log with a status of Finished The space not used by the finished log is freed for reuse Note You cannot restart a finished log You must create a new log with the same parameters 146 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 7 Logging Data 7 4 4 Stopping All Logs To stop all log that are currently pending or running open the Log Menu scroll to the Pause All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays all log programmed to run now or in the future with a status of Paused 7 4 5 Restarting All Logs To restart all paused logs open the Log Menu scroll to the Start All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the logs with a status of Pending or Running 7 4 6 Ending All Logs To end all currently pending or running logs open the Log Menu scroll to the End All Logs option and press ENTER The PT878 returns to the Log Manager which displays the running logs with a status of Finished 7 4 7 View All Sites To check on all logs open the Log Menu scroll to the View All Sites option and press ENTER Logs are associated with the site in use at the time the log is created Thus when another site is in use the PT878 automatically starts different logs By default the Log Manager only displays the logs created with the current sit
222. ustom Cp Kelvin kJ kg K Figure 24 Custom Cp temperature vs enthalpy Table d Repeat steps b and c for the remainder of the table e When you have completed entering values press F3 OK to confirm the table and return to the Custom Cp window Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 47 Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 7 2 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option cont 2 48 The next prompt asks from which source a fixed value or table the PT878 will use for fluid density values Use the lt q and P keys to scroll to the appropriate radio button and press ENTER The menu now varies depending on your selection in step 2 f you selected Fixed the PT878 asks for the fixed fluid density Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER If you selected Table the meter highlights the Edit Table button Edit Density Figure 25 Fluid Density Table a Press ENTER to open the Edit Density table shown in Figure 25 above b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired temperature in degrees Kelvin and press ENTER c Press the P key to move to the kg m 3 column density in Kilogram cubic meters Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value and press ENTER Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Man
223. valid Low Signal Poor ultrasonic signal strength Broken cable Flowcell problem Transducer problem Electronic failure Check transducer cable See Flowcell Problems on page 208 and Transducer Problems on page 210 Check programming and transducer spacing Contact the factory if problem persists Soundspeed Error Soundspeed is programmed using the Program Menu Pipe option as described in Chapter 5 204 Poor flow conditions Incorrect programming Bad transducer spacing Measurement is very different from the programmed soundspeed Check soundspeed against nominal soundspeed See Flowcell Problems on page 208 and Transducer Problems on page 210 Check programming and transducer spacing Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Table 7 Error Messages cont Problem Velocity Range Velocity exceeds programmed limits Velocity limit is programmed using the Service Menu Error Limits option as described in Chapter 8 Possible Cause Programming error poor flow conditions or bad transducer spacing Action Make sure flow rate is within 12m s 40 ft s Check programming and transducer spacing If programmed value is outside of limit change the imits as described in Chapter 8 on page 184 See Flowcell Prob ems on page 208 and Trans ducer Problems on page 210 Signal Quality If t
224. w and follow the same steps covered in Step 2 on page 51 4 The next prompt asks for the zero input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry 5 The final prompt asks for the span input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter the desired value c Press ENTER to confirm the entry You have completed entering data for general purpose inputs 3 8 2 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option If you have enabled the Energy Option the screen displays fewer options as shown in Figure 28 below Analog Input Input A Y Input B Function Supply Temp Label Supply Temp Units c Zero 0 C Span 100 C Cancel Figure 28 Analog Inputs Option Window Energy Option Activated 52 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 3 8 2 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option cont The screen displays the function supply or return temperature label supply or return temperature and units selected in the Inputs form of the Energy Option see page 44 You cannot change these parameters in this form Press the W key to step through these parameters 1 The first prompt asks for the zero input value a Press ENTER to enter the text box b Use the numeric keys to enter
225. wer right of the PT878 keypad The Menu Bar replaces the Status Bar at the top of the screen Then press ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 38 below While following the programming instructions refer to Figure 137 on page 219 and Figure 138 on page 221 of Appendix A Menu Maps RICE Program Meter Logging Service Site Manager Signal dB Save Now 1 View 2 View 3 View 4 View Volume l s Drive Manager FKeys About Figure 38 Site Menu Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 71 Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Sites 4 1 The Site Manager From the Site Menu press ENTER to open the Site Manager The screen appears similar to Figure 39 below Site Manager DEFAULT Info DEFAULT SIT New Site CURRENT SITE 09 04 00 14 51 10 5111 bytes 118272 bytes free Convert Cancel Figure 39 Site Manager Win ow Note Each PT878 comes preprogrammed with a basic site Default which serves as a basis for saving data and creating other sites The right section of the screen supplies information for the site highlighted in the list on the left its date time and size as well as the remaining amount of free memory You can use the V and A arrow keys to scroll to a particular site and display information pertaining to that site To open the Site Manager menu press MENU and then ENTER The screen now appears similar to Figure 40 o
226. wnstream gt C Infrared Transceiver Input Output Figure 2 Connection Locations 6 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 2 Initial Setup 2 1 1 Power Connections The PT878 is powered by either a 100 120 200 260 VAC wall mount plug in module or by 5 internal C size NiCad high energy rechargeable batteries or by a pack of 3 0 Ahr NiMH batteries An optional power supplement part 4703 1283 uses 6 AA alkaline batteries When you receive the PT878 the batteries are not charged therefore to make remote measurements using the batteries follow the instructions on page 9 to charge the batteries In either case you must connect the power cord to the appropriate terminal as shown in Figure 2 on page 6 WARNING To ensure the safe operation of the PT878 you must install and operate it as described in this manual In addition be sure to follow all applicable safety codes and regulations for installing electrical equipment in your area The PT878 and its transducers are designed for use only in general purpose locations 2 1 2 Transducer Connections The transducer cables connect to the PT878 with LEMO coaxial type connectors Each color coded cable should have a collar labeled UPSTREAM or DOWNSTREAM Make transducer cable connections to the top of the flowmeter as shown in Figure 2 on page 6 Because there are various types of transducers and installations transducer installation is discu
227. x no content intended for this page proceed to next page 274 Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Warranty Warranty Each instrument manufactured by GE Sensing is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship Liability under this warranty is limited to restoring the instrument to normal operation or replacing the instrument at the sole discretion of GE Sensing Fuses and batteries are specifically excluded from any liability This warranty is effective from the date of delivery to the original purchaser If GE Sensing determines that the equipment was defective the warranty period is one year from delivery for electronic or mechanical failures one year from delivery for sensor shelf life If GE Sensing determines that the equipment was damaged by misuse improper installation the use of unauthorized replacement parts or operating conditions outside the guidelines specified by GE Sensing the repairs are not covered under this warranty The warranties set forth herein are exclusive and are in lieu of all other warranties whether statutory express or implied including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and warranties arising from course of dealing or usage or trade Transport amp Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual 275 Warranty Return Policy If a GE Sensing instrument malfunctions within the warranty period the fol
228. y extreme mechanical shock and by temperature extremes The crystal itself can also be damaged by the same conditions The internal wiring can be corroded or shorted if contaminants enter the transducer housing 210 Transport Model PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual Chapter 9 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 9 4 1 Wetted Transducer Problems cont 4 PHYSICAL DAMAGE Transducers may be physically damaged by dropping them onto a hard surface or striking them against another object Usually the connector on the transducer is the part that is damaged as it is the most fragile Minor damage may be repaired by carefully bending the connector back into shape If the connector cannot be repaired replace the transducers Note that transducers must be replaced in pairs Before replacement make sure that the transducer number in the programmed parameters is the one engraved on the new transducers see Chapter 3 Programming Site Data 9 4 2 Clamp on Transducer Problems 1 POOR COUPLING TO PIPE Clamp on transducers must be in intimate contact with the pipe The pipe wall must be smooth and generally free of paint The couplant material must fill voids between the transducer and the pipe and must be firmly coupled or bonded to both the pipe and the transducer The pipe and transducer must be clean and dry for permanent couplant such as grease or epoxy to adhere properly Enough pressure must be applied to the transducer by its cla

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