Black Box MT720A-232T User's Manual
Contents
1. 34 34 959 2 ss futu 35 Weight Orcad Routine 38 Dub Callie 0 38 ooo Hi FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A Links X 25 Characteristics Number of Links Data Rate Interface Connectors Protocol Configuration Clocking Selectable Parameters Link Level Procedure Packet Size Throughput RAM Size Channels Number Interface Connector Data Rate Flow Control Channel Log on Messages Command Modes Terminal Handling 1 Specifications 3 All the links aggregate up to 2 15 Mbps RS 232 V 24 X 21 or V 35 selected when you order RS 232 V 24 25 pin D type female 21 15 female V 35 34 pin female Complies with ITU X 25 LAPB Blue Book 1988 External clocking for receive and transmit paths Frame window k Packet window w Timers T1 3 10 T11 T12 T13 and number of retries N2 Allocation of logical channels LAPB can act as DTE or DCE at layers 2 and 3 Modulo 8 128 power sequencing Frame window range through 127 Up to 4096 bytes 500 packets per second 256 512 or 1024 KB 8 16 or 24 RS 232 V 24 RJ 45 75 bps to 38 4 Kbps programmable X ON X OFF Herald and bulleting user definable ITU X 28 and proprietary extensions ITU X 29 Enhanced handling beyond ITU X 3 requirements CHAPTER 1 Specifications General Indicators Operating Temperature Humidity Power2. Sf FRAME FRAME A N NETWORK FRADSWITCH 8A A Figure 2 4 a Fradswitch 8A operating as a switch at the user side Conversion of Frame Relay to X 25 b Fradswitch 8A operating as a FRAD at the user side Conversion of Frame Relay to async AAT NETWORK FRADSWITCH 8A FRAME RELAY FRAME Y SY FRAME A FRADSWITCH 8A RELAY Figure 2 5 Fradswitch 8A serving as a backbone for Frame Relay private data network FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A ETHERNET XO ETHERNET FRAME RELAY NETWORK AS LA Tay BRIDGE BRIDGE fp TRANSPARENT HDLC RANSPARENT HDLC X 25 OR FRAME 22 RELAY amp SS COO Y COO S 7 X250R 2 FRAME RELAY FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 8A Figure 2 6 Fradswitch 8A connecting HDLC devices over X 25 or Frame Relay 2 3 X 25 Link Features When the Fradswitch links are configured for X 25 they operate synchronously at data rates up to 2 15 Mbps The links interface is DTE or DCE and the data rate is determined by the external clock rate You can order the Fradswitch with interfaces for RS 232 V 24 X 21 or V 35 The links packet size supported by the Fradswitch is configurable up to 4096 bytes and the frame window range is selectable in the range of 1 through 7 for modulo 8 operation or 1 through 127 for modulo 128 or extended operation Fradswitch links fully support switched virtual circuits SVC and permanent virtual circuits PVC The lin
3. Fradswitch Data Channel Connections The Fradswitch has eight sixteen or twenty four RJ 45 connectors one for each asynchronous data channel Appendix A of the Packet Switching Guide provides pin allocations Main Links Connections The Fradswitch has three main links connectors The main links connector depends on the ordered interface e RS 232 V24 25 pin D type female connector eX 21 15 pin female connector e 35 34 pin female connector Appendix A in the Packet Switching Guide provides the pin allocations Front and Rear Panel Clearance When the Fradswitch is installed in a 19 inch rack allow at least 36 inches 90 cm of frontal clearance for operator access Allow at least 4 inches 10 cm clearance at the rear of the unit for interface cable connections B CHAPTER 3 Installation Ambient Requirements The ambient operating temperature of Fradswitch should be 32 to 122 F 0 to 50 at a relative humidity of up to 90 noncondensing 3 3 Fradswitch Hardware Configuration Information 3 3 1 GENERAL INFORMATION The Fradswitch contains three different types of printed circuit boards see Figure 3 1 The main board This board contains most of the Fradswitch circuits and has two jumpers e The extension board Three main link interface boards which determine the interface type The appropriate board is factory installed in accordance with your order and is not field replaceable See Se
4. See Figure 2 6 2 6 ASYNC Link Features The Fradswitch links can be programmed to operate asynchronously allowing connection of asynchronous devices to the links When programmed to operate as async the links operate like Fradswitch series async channels with all the standard facilities See Figure 2 3 2 7 Buffer Capacity The Fradswitch series uses dynamic on demand allocation of data buffers in accordance with the channels and links traffic conditions The Fradswitch series automatically changes the buffer allocation on line to make the best possible use of the free RAM capacity The standard Fradswitch RAM size is 256 KB as an option the Fradswitch can be ordered with 1024 KB RAM to increase the throughput in environments that generate high traffic volumes 2 8 Asynchronous Channel Interface Characteristics Channel operation is asynchronous The asynchronous word format is user configurable by means of proprietary extension to the ITU X 28 basic set of commands For flexibility in applications flow control can be performed either by software X ON X OFF or by hardware handshaking All of the Fradswitch channels have RS 232 V 24 DCE interfaces Each channel has its own eight pin RJ 45 connector 2 9 Channel PAD Characteristics The Fradswitch includes eight essentially independent PADs one for each channel All the channel PADs share the three X 25 physical links The channel PADs support multiple sessions with independe
5. earth contact The protective action must not be negated by use of an extension cord without a protective conductor grounding Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current as marked on the Fradswitch s rear panel are used for replacement Never use repaired fuses or short circuit fuse holders Whenever it is likely that the protection offered by fuses has been impaired the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation 3 5 4 GROUNDING Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor inside or outside the instrument or discon necting the protective earth terminal can make this instrument dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 4 Operation 4 1 Controls Indicators and Connectors Table 4 1 lists the Fradswitch s front panel indicators and connectors The numbers under the heading Item refer to the identification numbers in Figure 4 1 6 Figure 4 1 Fradswitch 8A front panel controls indicators and connectors Table 4 1 Fradswitch 8A controls indicators and connectors Main Link Activity Indicators Indicators one for each main link light when the corresponding link is active receives or transmits frames Channel Activity Indicators Indicators one for each channel light when the corresponding channel is active receives or transmits data CHAPTER 4 Oper
6. 2 digits max Manual Call to another X 25 Destination To call a remote X 25 destination type C the desired X 25 address and then press the CR key If the remote X 25 destination includes a subaddress type C the desired X 25 address the subaddress and then press the CR key To request a specific facility you are allowed to use type the facility after the C and type a hyphen at the end of the block before the X 25 address If you want to request several facilities insert commas between each pair of codes CHAPTER 5 Quick Start Mnemonic Call If the same destination is often used it can be called by a mnemonic call provided the call initiation information has been defined by means of the Call ID function see Chapter 2 in the Packet Switching Guide To use the mnemonic call initiation command type C the mnemonic and then press the lt CR gt key Multiple Sessions To change the current session or to start a new session use the following procedure If an active call is handled by the current session type CTRL P to obtain the PAD prompt When the PAD 15 free type SES the number of the desired session 1 through 4 and then press the lt CR gt key The PAD prompt reappears If the new session number is not 1 session number 2 3 or 4 appears to the left of the PAD prompt separated by one space BLACK BOX Copyright 1995 Black Box Corporation All r
7. 4 SystemeParameter Contiguration Capabilities viii td a Aia 14 2 14 2 LO System Control C apa cu o 14 2 10 Remote System TD D c ia 15 2 17 Status and Statistics Collection and Reporting Capabilities eee 15 2 13 17 A AA A 18 Ole MVD ACIS ia 18 0 18 3 3 Fradswitch Hardware Configuration 1 5 19 0 19 22 ia 20 S1 er 22 a 22 S 4 installa Deel RACKS 22 0 A S 24 3 0 1 Asynchronous Data Channel reiese E AE 24 3012 A 20 BEI CONNEC eile dt 24 919 9 OWED CORA ECON ai ortas quatem eas 24 T 25 O 26 4 1 Controls Indicators and Connectors d Dre o Piden n EAM Md D D E LII 26 1 2 XJDerdime the 8 28 4o Do m Cascot cse a A REOR 29 E aie 30 5 1 Connecting to the Fradswitch Command Facilita 30 Dz Basic 29 29 Cm rurat on lada ind aio Eu RR DR Le 22 Link 2222 00005 seta cute Ere ET ERE 22 Pradswiteh Routins Table Contraloria 33 2 OL sii EA AAA da 34
8. A FRADSWITCH 24A Table 4 2 lists the functions of the Fradswitch s rear panel controls and connectors The numbers under the heading Item refer to the identification numbers in Figure 4 2 H 0 2 VAC F 0 4A Figure 4 2 Fradswitch 8A rear panel controls and connectors Table 4 2 Fradswitch 8A rear panel controls and connectors Mem Control or Connector AC power connector wih integral fuse Turns the Fradswitch on X 25 Links Connectors Connection to X 25 link CHAPTER 4 Operation 4 2 Operating the Fradswitch After being prepared for operation as explained in Section 4 1 the Fradswitch normally operates unattended Operator intervention is required only when the Fradswitch is set up for the first time or must be adapted to new operational requirements NOTE Fradswitch configuration is stored in a nonvolatile memory and is not affected when power is turned off Connect the power cable to the Fradswitch s rear power connector then turn the power switch ON The PWR indicator should light If none of the links to X 25 DIE DCE peers are yet operational the SYNC indicators on the Fradswitch will flash Wait until one of the links becomes operational and check that the corresponding SYNC indicator stops flashing and lights continuously Check that after a short interval during which the Fradswitch performs its self test the ERR OVF and TEST indicators go out During n
9. DSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 5 5 Management Procedures All of the management procedures described below are started by entering a command when the channel is in the command mode Recalling the PAD If the channel is in the command mode you can see the PAD prompt on the monitor of your data equipment If not recall the PAD by typing CTRL P Invoking the Help Function Type H and then press the CR key Loading a Profile To load a new profile type PROF then number of the new profile 1 through 200 and then press the CR key Checking PAD Parameter Values PAR nn nn nn and then press the CR key nn are parameter numbers To see the values of all the parameters do not enter numbers after the Setting PAD Parameter Values Type SETnn vynn v nn vv and then press the CR key nn is a parameter number and vv is the value of parameter nn If you want to see the new parameter values type a after SET 5 6 Calling Procedures In order to make a manual call to any destination the Fradswitch channel must be in command mode If the channel is in the command mode you can see the PAD prompt on the monitor of your data equipment If not recall the PAD by typing CTRL P Local Call To call another user connected to the same Fradswitch type C the number of the channel the other user is connected to and then press the CR key You only need to enter the subaddress of that user
10. Supply Voltage Consumption Fuse Size Weight 9 LEDs Power Main links activity Sub channels activity 3 Loss of synchronization Error Overflow Test 32 to 122 F 0 to 50 C Up to 90 noncondensing 115 or 230 VAC depending which model you ordered 50 60 Hz 15W 125 mA 250V MT720A units 1 7 H 17 W 9 5 D 4 4 x 43 2 x 24 1 cm MT721A and MT722A units 1 7 H 17 W 11 71 4 4 x 43 2 x 29 7 cm MT720A units 3 9 Ib 1 8 kg MT721A and MT722A units 5 3 Ib 2 4 kg FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 2 Introduction 2 1 Overview The Fradswitch 8A Fradswitch 16A and Fradswitch 24A are combinations of a high performance X 25 Frame Relay PAD Packet Assembler Disassembler and a Packet Switch for concentrating and switching data in an X 25 Frame Relay environment A Fradswitch can connect up to eight sixteen or twenty four asynchronous channels and up to three synchronous links and perform packetswitching functions between all links X 25 to X 25 X 25 to Frame Relay and Frame Relay to Frame Relay The Fradswitch can also encapsulate various protocols over Frame Relay and over X 25 The Fradswitch operates on 115 or 230 VAC depending on which model you ordered and has very low power consumption It s built into a compact case that can be placed on desktops or shelves Optional rackmounting allows installation in a 19 inch rack When operating as a PAD the Fra
11. abricante 15 En caso de existir una antena externa deber ser localizada lejos de las lineas de energia 16 El cable de corriente deber ser desconectado del cuando el equipo no sea usado por un largo periodo de tiempo 17 Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos no sean derramados sobre la cubierta u orificios de ventilaci n 18 Servicio por personal calificado deber ser provisto cuando A El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido danado u Objectos han ca do o l quido ha sido derramado dentro del aparato o El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia o Y El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un cambio en su desempeno O s El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido da ada 1 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Chapter Page 4 INTO dU CON o MM MI DIM M 6 25 MESI mH 6 JADDIICADIOTIS dca m ibn 6 2 2 cu auus 10 222221 Frome Tm 10 221 Rt 11 22 11 11 A 11 11 Asynchronous Channel Interface 2 8 channel P XD ti A AAA 11 2 9 LAO TTU FAU 12 Command ier ere 12 2 Conbeuratiotr Festes AAA AA 13 2 12 Alo Link COn Ss UIA WON Capa DES aosan a 1
12. ation Table 4 1 Fradswitch 8A controls indicators and connectors continued Control indicator or omecor funtion SSS SYNC Indicator Indicators one for each main link indicate Fradswitch synchronization status Condition Indication Fradswitch not powered On Fradswitch powered and synchronized with the corres ponding X 25 DTE or DCE peer Flashing Fradswitch powered but continuous not synchronized with the corresponding X 25 DTE or DCE peer ERR Indicator Lights when a hardware malfunction was NN detected during the self test automatically performed upon power up or after pressing the RESET pushbutton OVF Indicator Lights when the Fradswitch s buffers are full In a properly designed system this condition usually indicates that one of the DTE units connected to the Fradswitch does not respond to the flow control commands sent by the Fradswitch a condition that could be caused by incorrect configuration of the Fradswitch TEST Indicator Lights to indicate that the Fradswitch is in the diagnostics mode one of the test loops active or that one of its channels is connected to the Fradswitch command facility In either case traffic is interrupted RESET pushbutton Resets Fradswitch internal circuits including the data buffers and initiates the power up self test Channel Connectors Connection to Fradswitch channels one connector per channel FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16
13. cide whether more NVRAM is needed and troubleshoot on line user channels The information displayed by means of the statistics function includes Fradswitch system data Fradswitch identification device ID The programmed X 25 mode DTE or DCE RAM size NVRAM size and current percentage of utilization Fradswitch system status The current size number of characters per buffer of the data buffers The current total number of data buffers and the number of free buffers System history data collected since the last resetting of the statistics counters FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A lotal number of frames transmitted and received by layer 1 the physical layer lotal number of information frames transmitted and received by layer 2 the link control layer Total number of information frames transmitted and received by layer 3 the X 25 layer Current X 25 synchronization status and the total number of X 25 synchronization losses The average number of data buffers in the Fradswitch pool and the recorded minimum number of buffers in this pool Asynchronous channels status The following information 15 available for each channel The subaddresses of each channel The current channel operating mode data transfer command mode The current status free engaged and the software flow control state The logical channel numbers used by each channel and the address reached through
14. ction 3 3 3 for more information it provides information on the functions of the internal jumpers and provides step by step instructions for setting these jumpers The default settings for each jumper are also listed NOTE The default settings of the Fradswitch jumpers are usually suitable for most applications Check the default positions explained below If your requirements are different then before you install the Fradswitch set its internal jumpers in accordance with your requirements as explained below All the other configuration actions are performed using the Fradswitch command facility after the installation is completed Information and detailed instructions for these operations appear in Chapter 2 of the Packet Switching Guide FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A INTERFACE BOARD EXTENSION Figure 3 1 Fradswitch 8A boards 5 5 2 INTERNAL JUMPERS WARNING In order to avoid the possibility of electrical shock always turn the power switch off and disconnect the power cable from mains before opening the Fradswitch The Fradswitch has two internal jumpers designated 21 and JP2 Refer to Figure 3 2 and use the following information GND jumper 1 This jumper controls the connection between the signal ground lines to the chassis ground lines The appropriate position must be determined by the installation manager The jumper has two positions GND CON signal ground connected to chass
15. ctory settings Y ASYNC TERMINAL ASYNC TERMINAL 123456789012 1X 123456789012 2X CLL fff E VA CALI LET TVA NAVAN 209 A TW VE UD CLL AAA CALI LETT AN AN CLALLILLLL LLMGA DTE DTE M AS AAA X 25 PAD 8 gt S x25pAD8 AAA y P 1 2 DCE DCE 1 3 LPS 2 FRADSWITCH 8A 6 ASYNC TERMINAL 123456789012 0 AT CAAL LL LTV A VAAN 29 VE VE UD Figure 5 3 Basic Fradswitch 8A connection to 25 public network 5 2 1 FRADSWITCH LINK CONFIGURATION The link configuration may require X 25 address calling address setting Verification of the packet size window size and transmission mode DCE or DTE is important to match the nearest X 25 peer data e Enter the Fradswitch command facility see Section 5 1 On the Fradswitch main menu select 1 CONFIGURE and then select 3 Link On the Fradswitch link configuration menu select 3 Update Link Parameters and then enter 2 at the Enter link number to update prompt On the Fradswitch link 2 configuration screen select 1 Address and then enter your subscribed calling address address Verify that your packet size and window sizes parameters K and W are correct and change the
16. dswitch assembles the data from the asynchronous channels into X 25 packets The concentrated packetized data stream is transferred to the routing module which then forwards the packets to the appropriate X 25 link When operating as an X 25 switch packets received over the X 25 link are rerouted to the appropriate link If the destination is a Fradswitch asynchronous port the packets are disassembled into asynchronous data and then routed to the destination port The Fradswitch links can be programmed to operate asynchronously allowing connection of asynchronous devices to a link When programmed to operate in async mode the link operates like a Fradswitch async channel with all the X 28 standard facilities The Fradswitch can easily expand a network by remote connection of an STM Statistical Multiplexor to one or more of its synchronous links When one or more STMs are connected to the Fradswitch links the asynchronous ports of the STM have all the functionality of PAD ports The Fradswitch is compatible with ITU X 2 X 3 X 25 X 28 X 29 and X 121 Blue Book 1988 It supports both switched and permanent virtual circuits Each channel has multiple session capabilities The Fradswitch provides a variety of call setup options including automatic and mnemonic dialing 2 2 Applications The Fradswitch supports a wide range of applications Backbone for a low cost private X 25 network with optional connection to the public network Se
17. e y n After doing all of the above the routing table will be shown as in Figure 5 4 ADDRESS DESTINATION LINK 123490 090120X gt 1421 96709012 2x XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Figure 5 4 Basic Fradswitch connection routing table 5 3 STM Protocol 5 3 1 STM LINKS The STM protocol is a proprietary protocol used in some statistical multiplexors such as Stat 4 Stat 8 and Stat 24 Part numbers MX864A MX866A and MX868A The Fradswitch may be configured to link with one of these STMs via any of its sync links to form a multichannel PAD The STM channels may be used as PAD channels They may be configured as a PAD channel via the channel configuration menu 5 3 2 STM PTOTOCOL CONFIGURATION 1 In the MAIN MENU press option number 1 CONFIGURE Press 3 Link then press Set Link Type 2 3 Select any link number between 1 and 3 4 Select Link type 6 for Stat 4 7 for Stat 8 or 8 for Stat 24 Press return or enter 5 If you want to work with an internal clock press 3 in the Link configuration screen Update Link Parameters Select the link number you have chosen for the STM 6 Press 1 for Internal Clock You can work with baud rates of 9600 19 200 or 38 400 Kbps Note that in order to work with an internal clock the hardware of the link interface should be DCE 7 Reset the Fradswitch 8 The STM which is connected to the link number you have chosen should synchronize with t
18. e BLACK BOX WT TTT O MARCH 1995 720 232 721 21 720 35 722 232 720 21 722 35 721 232 722 21 721 35 Fradswitch SA 232 Fradswitch 8A V 35 Fradswitch SA X21 Fradswitch 16A 232 Fradswitch 16A V 35 Fradswitch 16A X21 Fradswitch 24A 232 Fradswitch 24A V 35 Fradswitch 24A X21 CUSTOMER Order toll free in the U S 24 hours 7 A M Monday to midnight Friday 877 877 BBOX SUPPORT FREE technical support 24 hours a day 7 days a week Call 724 746 5500 or fax 724 746 0746 Mail order Black Box Corporation 1000 Park Drive Lawrence PA 15055 1018 I N Web site www blackbox com E mail info blackbox com FCC AND IC STATEMENTS FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION AND INDUSTRY CANADIA RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly that is in strict accordance with the manufacturer s instructions may cause interference to radio communication It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the use
19. e Figure 2 1 Expansion of the number of asynchronous inputs using statistical multiplexors proprietary See Figure 2 2 e Public Network access via redundant links See Figure 2 3 Running asynchronous data in X 25 packets over Frame Relay See Figure 2 4 part a Running asynchronous data directly over Frame Relay SLIP protocol over Frame Relay See Figure 2 4 part b B JA h CHAPTER 2 Introduction Routing between several Frame Relay devices or networks Frame Relay to Frame Relay switching See Figure 2 5 Connection of devices supporting HDLC protocol to the 25 or Frame Relay network See Figure 2 6 FRADSWITCH 8A STAT MUX X 25 LINK X 25 PUBLIC NETWORK X 25 LINK FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 8A A DY Figure 2 1 Fradswitch 8A serving as backbone for private X 25 data networks FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A FRADSWITCH 8A STAT 24 MX868A COMPUTER Figure 2 2 Fradswitch 8A providing X 25 switching and async channel expansion X 25 NETWORK ACCESS 128 Kbps X 25 PUBLIC NETWORK ASYNC LINK X 25 REDUNDANT NETWORK ACCESS 19 2 Kbps 0 AOS E CY E FRADSWITCH 8A CHANNELS Figure 2 3 Fradswitch 8A serving as a PAD with redundant link and load sharing One link configured as async channel B h C CHAPTER 2 Introduction B FRAME X25 RELAY
20. each logical channel The number of active logical channels and active sessions The number of buffers currently allocated to the transmit to network and receive to user directions Autocall ID mnemonic configured to the channel The number of the profile currently used by the channel and the current values of the individual PAD parameters The state of the channel RTS line when relevant e X 25 links status The following information is available for each channel Protocol synchronization state and transmission mode DCE or DTE Current allocation of logical channels per type within the logical group in use the number of active channels and the total number of layer 3 information frames transmitted through each type of logical channel Logical channel status and the current values of the main protocol variables Physical layer layer 1 driver statistics lotal number of frames transmitted and received by layer 1 the physical layer The number of R frames waiting in the buffers The physical layer state and the state of the CD and CTS interface lines Hu CHAPTER 2 Introduction e LAPB layer 2 statistics Total number of I RR RNR REJ and FRMR frames transmitted and received by layer 2 Number of transmission and reception errors LAPB state Current frame size eX 25 layer 3 statistics Total number of I clear reset and restart packets transmitted and received by layer 3 N
21. he Fradswitch within 30 seconds p X CHAPTER 5 Quick Start 9 The STM Async Channels are numbered according to the link number For link number 1 in Stat 8 they are numbered 101 108 For link number 1 in Stat 24 they are numbered 101 124 For link number 2 in Stat 8 they are numbered 201 208 For link number 2 in Stat 24 they are numbered 201 224 For link number 12 in Stat 8 they are numbered 1201 1208 For link number 12 in Stat 24 they are numbered 1201 1224 NOTE The sub channel addresses are 00 by default and must be configured to another number before use NOTE Stat 4 channels do not work at present with X 28 parameters that is the profiles defined in the Fradswitch do not change the parameters already defined in the Stat 4 5 4 Weight Oriented Routing Function Whenever a call command is issued the interface from which the call is to be connected is selected using a static routing table The algorithm is very simple the routing table 18 searched until an address match is noted and then the first synchronized link is selected New Implementation Builds a list of all links which have satisfied the following conditions The link is synchronized exception 15 a dialed link There is at least one LCN available The selection between the links is set according to pre defined priorities determined by the user The link priority is actually the load factor For example if
22. horized persons from using the command facility The Fradswitch s command facility supports two password levels 1 Super user password which allows performance of all the activities this password is usually known only to the system administrator 2 Regular user password which provides access to functions that do not change the system status that is a regular user cannot perform system wide configuration and diagnostics activities Using the command facility each Fradswitch channel can be independently configured for different profiles including profiles dedicated to specific sessions The command facility can also be used to prepare a local library of call setup sequences network user identification data and predetermined command sequences that can be accessed by all the Fradswitch users and that can be assigned to specific channels for use in automatic call setup The amount of information that can be stored 15 limited by the available nonvolatile storage capacity The required storage is provided by a nonvolatile memory NVRAM The standard capacity of the Fradswitch s NVRAM is 2 KB As an option when a larger number of parameters profiles and other user defined information must be stored the Fradswitch can be ordered with increased NVRAM capacity up to a maximum of 32 KB 2 12 Configuration Features The configuration functions provided by the Fradswitch command facility allow the preparation of the followi
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24. interface board the link must be used with a flat cable to connect to a terminal The link receives its clock from outside and the clock parameter must be configured as external clock see Section 2 3 in the Packet Switching Guide When the board is a DTE interface board the link uses the Fradswitch series internal clock and the clock parameter must be configured as internal clock see Section 2 3 in the Packet Switching Guide 3 3 4 JUMPER SETTING PROCEDURE WARNING In order to avoid the possibility of electrical shock always turn the power switch off and disconnect the power cable from wall plug before opening the Fradswitch Access the printed circuit board of the Fradswitch by opening the screw fastening the top cover to the case and removing the top cover Refer to Figure 3 2 and identify jumper locations and settings Change settings as required Reinstall the Fradswitch s cover and fasten its screw Do not exert excessive torque while tightening these screws CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 4 Installation in 19 inch Racks The Fradswitch can be installed in 19 inch racks Unit height is 1U 1 75 The width of the Fradswitch is slightly less than the available mounting width An adapter kit provides the hardware necessary for installation of the Fradswitch in 19 inch racks WARNING Disconnect the units from AC power while performing the following procedures The rack adapter kit for the installation includes t
25. ion in Fradswitch series data channel connectors and provides typical wiring diagrams for straight through and cross over cables 3 5 2 X 25 LINK CONNECTION Fradswitch X 25 link interfaces are configured as DTE interfaces intended for connection to synchronous modems that are capable of providing the clock signals that determine the Fradswitch s X 25 link data rate The X 25 link connectors type depends on the Fradswitch interface e RS 232 V24 25 pin D type female connector eX 21 15 pin female connector e V 35 34 pin female connector Appendix A in the Packet Switching Guide provides the pin allocations for the various X 25 links connectors NOTE The user data cables and the X 25 links cables should be shielded in order to comply with FCC rules The Fradswitch series and its data interfaces will work well even if the cables are not shielded but some radio interference may occur CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 5 3 POWER CONNECTION AC power should be supplied to the Fradswitch through the 5 foot 1 5 m power cable terminated by a standard 3 prong plug Connect the cable between the AC mains connector on the Fradswitch s rear panel and a standard grounded AC outlet WARNING Before switching on this instrument the protective earth terminals of this instrument must be connected to the protective ground conductor of the mains power cord The mains plug must be inserted only in a socket outlet provided with a protective
26. is ground and DIS signal ground disconnected from chassis ground The factory setting is DIS o CHAPTER 3 Installation INIT NOR jumper JP2 This jumper is used to select the default set of configuration parameters stored in the Fradswitch The jumper has two positions NOR Normal operation The Fradswitch uses the parameters selected by the user during the last configuration session INIT Initialization When it is turned on the Fradswitch loads the default configuration determined by the factory and common to all the Fradswitch series units To select the default configurations use the procedure described in Section 3 10 of the Packet Switching Guide The factory setting is NOR P1 E GND CON INIT DIS NOR o 1 Jg 9 Dp Figure 3 2 Fradswitch 8A identification of internal jumpers FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 3 3 3 INTERFACE BOARD The Fradswitch 18 available with three types of removable interface boards e V 24 RS 232 interface for DTE and DCE e V 35 interface for DTE and DCE e X 21 interface for WARNING In order to a void the possibility of electrical shock always turn the power switch off and disconnect the power cable from the wall plug before opening the Fradswitch Each interface board is configured as either DCE or DTE The interface board determines the physical layer configuration of a Fradswitch link When the board is a DCE
27. ks protocol is LAPB per ITU X 25 and Fradswitch can act as either DTE or DCE with respect to the layer 2 and layer 3 protocols 2 4 Frame Relay Link Features When a link is configured for Frame Relay packets are processed as follows If the Fradswitch is located at the user side acting as an end device the received Frame Relay packets are converted into async or X 25 format and are routed to the appropriate port See Figure 2 4 If the Fradswitch is located at the network side the received Frame Relay packets are routed to another Frame Relay link See Figure 2 5 Acting as a FRAD Frame Relay Assembler Disassembler the Fradswitch can either convert the asynchronous data into X 25 packets and concentrate the packetized data stream over the Frame Relay link or directly run asynchronous data over Frame Relay CHAPTER 2 Introduction The Fradswitch employs a unique funneling method for controlling network congestion and moderating feeder throughput speed and LMI management protocols are supported and operation is in compliance with ANSI T1 606 T1 619 T1 617 Annex D and ITU Q 922 Annex A 2 5 HDLC Link Features The Fradswitch links can be programmed to operate with transparent HDLC allowing computers bridges and HDLC communication devices to be connected over X 25 or Frame Relay networks The HDLC protocol is encapsulated over the X 25 or Frame Relay protocol providing end to end transparent operation
28. le entry and then enter 1 On Fradswitch routing table entry 1 configuration menu select 1 Destination link and then enter L Local channels On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration select 4 Address and then enter address 1234567890120X The last two digits are the Fradswitch subaddress On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration select S SAVE and then press lt CR gt EXIT On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration select 1 Add routing table entry and then enter 2 Enter the address 1234567890121X 1 for the first destination link and then select S SAVE and press lt CR gt EXIT On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration select 1 Add routing table entry and then enter 3 Enter the address 1234567890122X 3 for the first destination link and then select S SAVE and press lt CR gt EXIT On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration select 3 Update routing table entry and then enter 200 On the Fradswitch routing table entry 200 configuration select 1 Destination link and then enter 2 Verify that your address is XXXXXXXXXXXXXX and then select 5 SAVE and press lt CR gt EXIT e Return to the Fradswitch main menu and select 2 SYSTEM CONTROL nn A FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 6 22 On Fradswitch system control menu select 9 Reset and enter prompt at the Are you sur
29. links 1 2 and 3 get respectively the priorities 2 5 and 6 then for every 13 calls 2 will be routed to the link 1 5 to link 2 and 6 to link 3 FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A Link 10 prio Dome PELO STOP Search vs oave The stop search field lets you limit the address match search so you can define more than three routing options to a given set of addresses Furthermore the stop search field allows restricting a subset of an address set to a subset of links For example consider the case of a Fradswitch 12A S our part number MT727A The address 123456789 should be routed to link 1 only the set of addresses 123456700 123456788 can be routed to links 2 7 and every address 12000000 123456699 should be routed to links 8 12 in an increasing priority The screens below and on the next page show entries through 5 PELO Ws Cink PELO SLIDE PELO 123456789 Stop search 1 save Exit Link prio 6 7 Link prio 8 Link prio X 1 78 Stop search 1 Save EXIT DLO Search os Save Exit stop search Save Exit stop search Save ED 6 8 l25345067X 1 6 7 9 12XXXXXX L0 6 7 8 12XXXXXX 1 X X X Link PELO LinKk PELO Lank SEO Link prio Link PELO Link prio Link prio Link prio Link prio CHAPTER 5 Quick Start FRA
30. m if required according to your X 25 subscription data On the Fradswitch X 25 link 2 configuration screen enter 2 for DIE DCE parameter and then enter 0 for DTE On Fradswitch X 25 link 2 configuration screen select 5 SAVE and then press lt CR gt EXIT CHAPTER 5 Quick Start Enter the Enter link number to update prompt Verify that X 25 transmission mode is DCE This section assumes that your matching 25 PAD 8 is configured as DTE Repeat the above procedure for link 3 e Return to the Fradswitch main menu and select 2 SYSTEM CONTROL On the Fradswitch SYSTEM CONTROL menu select 9 Reset and enter y at the Are you sure y n prompt 5 2 2 FRADSWITCH ROUTING TABLE CONFIGURATION The routing table consists of the various routes of the system These routes determine how the different packets will be switched The required parameters for a route are the address and three possible destination links The next sections assume that your X 25 address is 123456789012 that your number 1 X 25 PAD 8 subaddress is 1X and that your number 2 X 25 PAD 8 subaddress is 2X Refer to Figure 5 3 NOTE In the following text the notation X means the digit where the X is written can have any value On the Fradswitch main menu select 1 CONFIGURE and then select 9 Routing table On the Fradswitch routing table entry configuration menu select 1 Add routing tab
31. manent virtual circuit PVC The call is automatically set up by the X 25 network switch in accordance with predefined call destination data requested at subscription time 2 10 ITU Facilities The ITU X 2 facilities supported by the Fradswitch series are Closed user groups e Fast select Reverse charging Throughput class negotiation Packet and window size negotiation Charging information e Network user identification NUI 2 11 Command Facility Features The Fradswitch series channel PADs operate under the control of a central command facility The command facility can be used to perform the following activities Set up the individual channel PAD configuration parameters Determine common Fradswitch configuration parameters Perform statistics and performance monitoring on the Fradswitch and its channels Perform diagnostic activities CHAPTER 2 Introduction The command facility supports the configuration of both the local and the remote channel PADs It includes a help function which provides information on the available PAD commands and on the purpose and format of each command The Fradswitch s command facility can be accessed from any channel and from any place in the X 25 network Simultaneous access from several channels is possible but a warning 15 given if a user connects to the facility when someone else is already connected to the command facility Password protection prevents unaut
32. mendados por el fabricante 7 El aparato el ctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo s lo como sea recomendado por el fabricante 8 Servicio El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo el ctrico mas all a lo descrito en las instrucciones de operaci n Todo otro servicio deber ser referido a personal de servicio calificado 9 El aparato el ctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su posici n no interfiera su uso La colocaci n del aparato el ctrico sobre una cama sof alfombra o superficie similar puede bloquea la ventilaci n no se debe colocar en libreros o gabinetes que impidan el flujo de aire por los orificios de ventilaci n 10 El equipo el ctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de fuentes de calor como radiadores registros de calor estufas u otros aparatos incluyendo amplificadores que producen calor 11 El aparato el ctrico deber ser connectado a una fuente de poder s lo del tipo descrito en el instructivo de operaci n o como se indique en el aparato 12 Precauci n debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la polarizaci n del equipo no sea eliminada 13 Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objetos colocados sobre o contra ellos poniendo particular atenci n a los contactos y recept culos donde salen del aparato 14 El equipo el ctrico debe ser limpiado nicamente de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del f
33. mpt If the Fradswitch is already operating and the channel you are connected to is engaged in a call type CTRL P to exit the data transfer mode and obtain the PAD prompt After you see the PAD prompt disconnect the call by typing the command CLR CR When the call is cleared you will see CLR DTE and the following line shows the PAD prompt Type the connection command CON 00 CR You can also use the abbreviated form C 0 CR The Fradswitch displays the opening screen Figure 5 1 of the command facility and the TEST indicator on the Fradswitch s front panel turns on CHAPTER 5 Quick Start FRADSWITCH 8A COMMAND PORT REV I ENTER FRADSWITCH 8A PASSWORD Figure 5 1 Fradswitch 8A opening screen Enter the password The factory default password is a carriage return The Fradswitch sends the main menu of the command facility Figure 5 2 MAIN MENU CONFIGURE SYSTEM CONTROL DIAGNOSTICS STATUS and STATISTICS LOGOUT Figure 5 2 Main menu EEUU FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 5 2 Basic X 25 Configuration Procedures The following text describes the configuration procedure for the basic application shown in Figure 5 3 This configuration includes two X 25 PADs in this case X 25 PAD 8 connected through a Fradswitch to a public X 25 network In this form we connect a private network to the X 25 public network This procedure is based on the default fa
34. n permanent incoming two way and outgoing 2 14 System Parameter Configuration Capabilities The Fradswitch system parameter configuration functions provide the following capabilities e Definition of a device identification for the local Fradswitch e Selection of default PAD prompt e Selection of default software flow control characters XON XOFF Changing of user and super user passwords Definition of herald and bulletin messages Definition of event reporting addresses and the associated reporting masks Definition of event reporting intervals 2 15 System Control Capabilities The Fradswitch system configuration functions provide the following capabilities Logical connection disconnection of the X 25 link Clearing of selected sessions Setting of the date and time of the internal real time clock Resetting of statistics counters CHAPTER 2 Introduction Compression of data stored in the Fradswitch s nonvolatile memory to allow maximum use of the available storage capacity The compression is performed by rearranging the data stored in the memory to close gaps between data blocks that appear naturally when the stored information is modified Resetting and reloading of the default configuration This function allows a remote supervisor to perform these activities which would otherwise require the dispatching of service personnel 2 16 Remote System Monitoring The Fradswi
35. ng data Individual channel configuration Preparation of profiles Preparation of mnemonic call setup sequences call IDs Preparation of predefined X 28 command sequences aliases Preparation of network user identifications NUI Definition of PVCs Definition of X 25 link configuration parameters Definition of system management parameters Definition of data routes CC CC M MA FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A For activities that involve repetitive preparation of the same set of parameters such as channel configuration profiles call IDs etc the Fradswitch provides a time saving duplicate function which allows copying an already prepared data set as a basis for the preparation of a new set Another valuable convenience is the display of reports that summarize the existing data for each type of configurable data item In addition on line help is available in the preparation of configuration data The help information includes concise definitions of parameters and specifies the available range of values 2 13 Link Configuration Capabilities The Fradswitch link configuration functions provide the following capabilities for each of the links Definition of the local X 25 address e Selection of layer 2 and layer 5 modules DCE or DTE e Selection of the various LAPB timers and parameters e Selection of default window and packet sizes Definition of logical channel allocatio
36. nt user selected session profiles This means that any user connected to one of the Fradswitch channels can simultaneously conduct several virtual circuits carried by different logical channels The maximum number of sessions per channel is up to 4 nn FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A The Fradswitch supports four call initiation methods independently selectable for each channel 1 Manual regular call initiation whereby the user provides all the information required to set up the call by entering an X 28 command 2 Mnemonic call initiation whereby the user need only enter a mnemonic call ID The channel PAD then retrieves the call setup information from the Fradswitch s memory 3 Automatic call initiation autocall The call is automatically initiated as soon as the user equipment is turned on in accordance with predefined call setup information stored in the Fradswitch s memory To completely automate the call setup a user defined sequence of X 28 commands alzas can automatically be sent after the call is set up The sophisticated Fradswitch autocall mode includes two measures that allow for the reliable setup of the desired call Automatic call setup retry the user can specify the number of retries and the interval between consecutive retries An alternative address for call setup that is automatically used when it is not possible to set up a call to the first address 4 Use of per
37. ormal operation the PWR SYNCs and MAINS indicators should light continuously and the TEST OVF and ERR indicators must remain off Channel activity indicators flash according to the traffic load and go out when the channel is idle Note that when the TEST indicator lights traffic is interrupted even if all the other indications are normal To turn the Fradswitch off set the power switch to OFF 4 3 What to Do in Case of Malfunction In case a problem occurs the following actions will help you to return the Fradswitch to normal operation Check that the Fradswitch is powered PWR indicator should light Check that the cables are properly connected Check that the equipment connected to Fradswitch is powered and operates normally Check Fradswitch s indicators Check the configuration of the Fradswitch PAD and that of the remote PAD or switch correspond to the requirements of the equipment connected to its channels If the preliminary checks do not correct the problem press RESET or turn the Fradswitch off then turn it on again If the problem repeats refer to Chapter 7 in the Packet Switching Guide for additional operations MA FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 5 Quick Start This section provides concise operating instructions for the Fradswitch Remember that the information appearing in this chapter is intended to help you start using the Fradswitch it is not a replacement for the de
38. r at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emission from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulation of Industry Canada Le pr sent appareil num rique n met pas de bruits radio lectriques d passant les limites applicables aux appareils num riques de classe A prescrites dans le R glement sur le brouillage radio lectrique publi bar Industrie Canada FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A NORMAS OFICIALES MEXICANAS NOM ELECTRICAL SAFETY STATEMENT INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD pl Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operaci n deber n ser le das antes de que el aparato el ctrico sea operado Las instrucciones de seguridad y operaci n deber n ser guardadas para referencia futura Todas las advertencias en el aparato el ctrico y en sus instrucciones de operaci n deben ser respetadas Todas las instrucciones de operaci n y uso deben ser seguidas Qv A o N El aparato el ctrico no deber ser usado cerca del agua por ejemplo cerca de la tina de bano lavabo s tano mojado o cerca de una alberca etc 6 El aparato el ctrico debe ser usado nicamente con carritos o pedestales que sean reco
39. tailed operating instructions contained in the Packet Switching Guide The instructions assume that the Fradswitch is configured in accordance with the factory defaults explained in Section 1 8 of the Packet Switching Guide The factory defaults are suitable for most applications so in many applications it is necessary to change only the parameters that are related to the subscription terms such as the X 25 address the packet and window size the X 25 transmission mode etc If you want to send packets out from the Fradswitch you must also change your routing table because the default routing table directs all packets into the Fradswitch Before performing any of the activities described in this chapter keep in mind that your X 25 data services provider or your system administrator may not allow you to perform certain activities Passwords may have been used to restrict the access to certain functions 5 1 Connecting to the Fradswitch Command Facility If the Fradswitch is operating use the following procedure 1 Turn your DTE on and configure it for the appropriate communication parameters The default values are 9600 bps 1 start bit 8 data bits no parity stop bit flow control disabled 2 Connect the DTE to one of the Fradswitch channels for example to channel 1 3 Turn the Fradswitch on After a short interval you will see the Fradswitch herald message for example FRADSWITCH 8A CHANNEL NUMBER 1 followed by the PAD pro
40. tch includes an automatic event reporting facility that allows the transmission of statistics and status data to selected X 25 destinations The automatically reported information can include periodic system status information and event reports according to mask definitions The different events are SYNC status has changed RTS status has changed and power on Reset A report is sent each time an event occurs With the Fradswitch s system management configuration facility you can define two destinations then decide which information is transmitted to each destination by means of event reporting masks It is therefore possible to program the Fradswitch series to transmit the same reports to both destinations and thus to make sure that the reports will reach a management station or to send different types of information to different locations 2 17 Status and Statistics Collection and Reporting Capabilities The Fradswitch has an advanced statistics collection and status reporting facility This facility permits the system administrator to display on demand detailed information on the operation and performance of the X 25 links and take snapshots that show the status of the Fradswitch series the utilization of the X 25 links and the status of the individual channels The information obtained by means of the statistics function allows the system manager to monitor system performance detect bottlenecks and transmission problems de
41. umber of logical group in use Current packet size 2 18 Diagnostic Features Upon power up or after reset the Fradswitch performs a self test during which all its circuits are checked If there is a malfunction the ERR indicator on the Fradswitch lights The Fradswitch series also has diagnostic functions that you can use to test it See Chapter 5 of the Packet Switching Guide for more information FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 3 Installation This chapter provides mechanical and electrical installation procedures for the Fradswitch The Fradswitch is delivered completely assembled It s designed to be installed as a desktop unit or to be mounted in a 19 inch rack After installing the unit refer to Chapter 2 of the Packet Switching Guide for system configuration information and procedures 3 1 Unpacking Perform a preliminary inspection of the equipment container before unpacking the unit Evidence of damage should be noted and reported immediately Unpack the equipment as follows 1 Place the container on a clean flat surface cut all straps and open or remove the top 2 Take out the Fradswitch carefully and place it securely on a clean surface 3 Inspect the Fradswitch for damage 3 2 Site Requirements Power The Fradswitch should be installed within 5 feet 1 5 m of an easily accessible grounded AC outlet capable of furnishing 115 or 230 VAC in accordance with the nominal supply power of your
42. wo short brackets which are fastened by means of screws to the two side walls of the case as shown in Figure 3 3 To prepare the unit for rack installation attach the two brackets to the side walls of the unit Each bracket is fastened by means of two screws with flat washers which are inserted into the two front holes on the side wall nuts are already in place on the inner side of the wall After fastening the brackets the unit is ready for installation in the 19 inch rack Fasten the brackets to the side rails of the 19 inch rack by means of four screws not included in the kit two on each side BRACKETS FASTENING FLATWASHER SCREW 4 40 4 PLACES Figure 3 3 Installation of Fradswitch 8A in a 19 inch rack FRADSWITCH 8A FRADSWITCH 16A FRADSWITCH 24A 3 5 Cable Connections The Fradswitch has three connectors located on the rear panel that serve the X 25 links and RJ 45 connectors located on the front panel for the asynchronous data channels 3 5 1 ASYNCHRONOUS DATA CHANNEL CONNECTIONS Fradswitch channel interfaces are configured as data communication equipment DCE interfaces thereby allowing direct connection via RS 232 port cables to data terminal equipment DTE When modems are used to extend the range tail end circuits cross over cables are required Channel interfaces are asynchronous so clock signals are not supported or required Appendix A in the Packet Switching Guide lists pin allocat
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