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Avaya X.25 User's Manual

1. X 25 call request Step 1 local distant X 25 IPEX IPEX X 25 terminal router router terminal X 25 TCP connection call pending request X 25 call request Step 3 T X 25 call accepted TCP X 25 connection established connection established Step 5 X 25 call accepted Figure 1 11 How IPEX Establishes Connections 117377 A Rev A 1 17 Configuring X 25 Services IPEX Mapping For each established VC connection that contains a specified X 25 called address X 121 address IPEX establishes a TCP connection from IPEX to a TCP IP server This connection consists of the IP address and the TCP port number of a remote TCP IP peer that correspond to the X 25 called address To enable X 25 to TCP conversion you must configure the following information e The point of attachment that is the circuit interface on the IPEX system at which the VC establishes the connection e The VC LCN range at the packet level e The X 25 called address of the incoming call request from the X 25 DTE DCE to IPEX e The associated remote TCP socket
2. TCP X 25 level 3 TCP connections TCP X 25 level 3 connections port 15000 port 15000 connections EG m TCP IP local remote X 25 DTE IPEX IPEX X 25 DCE X 121 address is 987 router router X 121 address is 123 IP address IP address 192 168 134 222 192 168 134 111 X250014A Figure A 1 Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters In this example the calling X 25 terminal on the left 987 sends the called address 123 to the first IPEX router establishing an SVC source connection with a TCP destination connection The call is tunneled through the TCP IP network to the second IPEX router which establishes a source TCP connection with an SVC destination connection to the X 25 terminal on the right Figures A 2 through A 5 show the parameter settings for full duplex calls for this configuration Figures A 2 and A 5 show the settings for 987 calling 123 and Figures A 4 and A 3 show the settings for 123 calling 987 117377 A Rev A A 1 Configuring X 25 Services Cancel OK Values Help X 121 Called Address 123 Remote IP Address 192 168 134 111 Figure A 2 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type Cancel OK Values Help Local TCP Port Destination Connection Type Destination PVC LCN Figure A 3 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type A 2 117377 A Rev A Sample IP
3. Port S21 WAN protocol X25 Bi directional VC 16 LCN start 1 PDN service record 1 Remote X 121 1010002 Protocols IP IPX DEC Enable 1356 multiplexing enable X250015A Figure 2 1 RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation 1010001 i z c vii LON IIP 1010002 LCN 2 IPX X 25 LCN 3 DEC o LAN LAN Port S21 WAN Protocol X25 Bi directional VC 16 LON start 1 PDN service record 1 Remote X 121 1010002 Protocols IP IPX DEC Enable 1356 multiplexing disable X250016A Figure 2 2 RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation 117377 A Rev A 2 7 Configuring X 25 Services PtoP Encapsulation Bay Networks also has Point to Point PtoP a proprietary encapsulation method for LAN protocols PtoP requires a Bay Networks router at both ends of a connection You must use PtoP to encapsulate AppleTalk Banyan VINES and Bridge traffic X 25 over ISDN D Channel X 25 over the ISDN D channel allows the router to transport X 25 packets without incurring the expense of a leased line You can use the ISDN line for normal switched service applications as well as for X 25 traffic Bay Networks implementation of X 25 over the ISDN D channel is based on ITU T formerly CCITT recommendation X 31 IPEX and X 25 over the ISDN D Channel One method of using X 25 over the D channel is to configure PDN servic
4. IP e D gt o Ie N x lt X 25 level 2 IEEE 802 2 X 25 level 3 X 25 level 2 IEEE 802 2 IEEE 802 3 MCT1 E1 IEEE 802 5 IEEE 802 3 V 35 X250013A Figure 1 12 Role of the X 25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX The TCP and X 25 communication stacks share the responsibility for maintaining a reliable and efficient data flow That is 1f data loss occurs because of a lack of software resources or intermittent transmission errors the communication stack on that side must retransmit the lost data In addition both sides must independently maintain protocol flow control Data loss may also occur due to hardware or other catastrophic failures You must implement redundancy in the network topology design and provide manual or automated intervention to handle these types of data communication failures IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages M bit X 25 is a message based protocol and TCP is an unstructured stream protocol They differ in the way they send outgoing traffic from their clients and deliver incoming traffic to their clients 117377 A Rev A 1 19 Configuring X 25 Services How X 25 Handles Large Data Messages When the X 25 client submits an X 25 message that is larger than an X 25 packet size the X 25 protocol fragments the message X 25 then transmits the sequence of packets containing these fragments Within each packet X 25 includes a flag
5. 1 13 Figure 1 10 Levels or Tunneling With IPEX summ maummusmussnimivjmivnmvniv mons 1 14 Figure 1 11 How IPEX Establishes Connections 2asmsmmeietnekmmenivnnijnn 1 17 Figure 1 12 Role of the X 25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX seeen 1 19 Figure 2 1 BPO 1356 Null Encapsulation Luunusunsserndsnmivandnasestnanevissdane 2 7 Fig re 2 2 RFC 1355 Normal Encapetlaliglt iucccccsoncucieee cette tanc cin td niaan 2 7 Figure dd SG N S sitoaien d HR S Rl EA ER RR DU FEAR READ EAR Eat ERES 3 2 Figure 3 2 WAN Protocols Menu Heen Sue T eens 3 3 Figure 3 3 X25 Packet Contig VEIBOD possas a ded eec b pet d RR KH 3 4 Figure 3 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a PDN Network 3 11 Fiue35 X25 Series VINGEN L 3 12 Figure 4 1 Configuration Manager Window essen 4 2 Figure 4 2 Edit X 25 Global Parameters Window brc ace ea A Figure 4 3 X 25 Packet Level Edit WIIggw arriscada essa aue cene 4 5 Figure 4 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a DDN Network 4 26 Figure 4 5 Default DDN Service Window TUIS 4 27 Figure 5 1 Edit LAPB Parameters Window joss menn oca re Y Pen aeree 5 2 Figure 6 1 Configuration Manager Window Showing IPEX Protocols Menu 6 2 Figure 6 2 Edit IPEX Global Parameters Window esses 6 2 Poue 6S ETR 6 5 Figure 6 4 Values Selection
6. 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service DDN IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address assigned to this interface The router translates the address into X 121 format and uses it as the local address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to DDN Network or BFE Network Enter the appropriate IP address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 51 Note The following parameters require you to specify logical channel number LCN value ranges for VCs Use the following guidelines Each VC channel you configure on the router must have a unique LCN There is one type of PVC There are three types of SVC channels incoming bidirectional and outgoing You must configure at least one VC channel for X 25 to establish calls Configure PVCs before you configure SVCs The total number of channels you configure cannot exceed 512 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Number of PVC Channels None 0 to 512 Specifies the number of permanent logical channels for this interface Enter the number of permanent logical channels that you assign to this interface Configure PVC channels before you configure SVC channels 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 55 117377 A Rev A 3 7 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Obj
7. Configuring X 25 Services Table C 3 X 25 Network Service Record Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Type None Service VC Type SVC PVC LCN None Connection ID 1 Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Remote X 121 Address None Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Compression Disable Broadcast Off Max Connections 2 Precedence Off Max Idle Mins 2 Call Retry 60 Flow Facility Default Window Size 2 Packet Size 128 Fast Select Request Off Fast Select Accept Off Reverse Charge Request Off Reverse Charge Accept Off DDN BFE Disable User Facility hex None continued 117377 A Rev A X 25 Default Parameter Settings Table C 3 X 25 Network Service Record Parameters continued Parameter Default CUG Facility Format None CUG Facility Type Normal CUG Number 0 Table C 4 LAPB Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Station Type DTE Control Field Modulo 8 Max N1 Frame Size octets 256 bytes Window Size 7 Max N2 Retries 10 Max T1 Acknowledge Timer seconds 30 seconds Max T2 Acknowledge Timer seconds 1 seconds Max T3 Disconnect Timer seconds 60 seconds Initiate Link Setup Action Active Enable Rx Tx of XID Frames Disable Command Response Address DTE WAN Protocol Standard Network Link Type NET2 Idle RR Frames Off Table C 5 IP
8. D data circuit terminating equipment See DCE data compression enabling 2 1 4 31 data terminal equipment See DTE data transmission X 25 1 11 DCE description of 1 1 DDN defense data network BFE network enabling and disabling 4 36 description of 1 6 enabling and disabling 3 6 4 7 service type 2 5 specifying as X 25 service type 3 13 4 28 DDN BFE parameter 4 36 DDN IP Address parameter 3 7 4 8 Default DDN Service window 4 27 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length parameter 4 9 Default Tx Rx Window Size parameter 4 9 defaults IPEX parameters C 6 QLLC parameters C 7 X 25 global parameter C 1 X 25 network service record parameters C 4 deleting IPEX from the router 6 22 IPEX mapping table entries 6 21 QLLC 7 12 Destination Connection Type parameter 6 16 Destination X 121 Address parameter 6 18 DLSw 1 21 7 1 DTE description of 1 1 E Edit X 25 Global Parameters window 4 3 editing global parameter 4 2 network service record parameters 4 25 packet level parameters 4 4 Index 2 Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter 3 15 4 31 Enable Compression parameter 4 31 Enable parameter global 4 3 IPEX global 6 3 IPEX mapping 6 17 packet level 4 6 QLLC mapping 7 9 service record 4 28 enabling data compression 4 31 X 25 services 3 1 Ethernet 1 13 F Fast Select Accept parameter 4 18 4 35 Fast Select parameter 4 19 Fast Select Request parameter 4 35 FDDI 1 1
9. X X 121 Called Address parameter 6 14 X 121 destination addresses 1 9 X25 deleting from router 4 39 large data messages 1 20 layer 3 PLP interface 1 14 protocol stack 1 19 X 25 Call User Data parameter 6 19 X 25 Gateway description of 1 6 X 25 over the ISDN D channel 2 8 X 25 Packet Config window 3 4 X 25 Packet Level Edit window 4 X 25 Service Configuration X 25 Service window 3 12 X25 Service Configuration window 4 26 X25 Service window 6 5 7 2
10. Configuring X 25 Services BayRS Version 12 00 Site Manager Software Version 6 00 Part No 117377 A Rev A September 1997 Bay Networks CES Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright O 1997 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1997 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks AN BCN BLN BN FRE and Bay Networks are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node ANH ARN ASN System 5000 Bay Networks Press and the Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in
11. IP network Key DCE Data circuit terminating equipment 10000 20000 X 121 addresses Figure 1 4 X250005A Sample X 25 Configuration 1 8 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview Determining the X 121 Destination Each interface connecting to the X 25 network has an X 121 address which consists of 1 to 15 decimal digits For example in Figure 1 4 the X 121 network addresses for Routers A and B are 10000 and 20000 respectively Router A communicates with Router B over the X 25 network by setting up virtual circuits that connect the two X 25 interfaces Data transmission begins when I Router A receives an IP datagram from IP end station 1 1 1 2 that is destined for end station 3 1 1 2 2 Router A checks its IP routing table to determine the next hop on the datagram s path in this example IP address 2 1 1 2 3 When Router determines that the next hop is located across the X 25 network it checks to see which destination X 121 address maps to the next hop s IP address via the IP adjacent host table in this example X 121 address 20000 4 To transmit the datagram across the network the router now establishes a virtual connection between itself and destination X 121 address 20000 Router A begins by selecting an unused virtual circuit The router assigns the circuit a 12 bit virtual circuit number Figure 1 5 which it chooses from a user specified range of virtual circuit numbers The virtual circuit
12. D 7 Configuring X 25 Services Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code In P1 restart local remote state receives Reset Ind Network Operational 0x07 No additional information 0x00 In P1 DTE DXE wait state receives error packet or T4 expired DTE originated 0x00 No additional information 0x00 X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Diagnostic Packets Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Local restart state watchdog DTE originated Confirmation watchdog timer second expiration timer second expiration 0x00 0x34 52 Invalid packet in p1 DTE originated Unidentifiable packet 0x00 0x21 40 Invalid packet in p1 DTE originated Too short packet 0x00 0x26 38 Invalid packet in p1 DTE originated Invalid bits 5 8 GFI 0x00 0x28 40 Invalid packet in p1 DTE originated Invalid LCN 0x00 0x24 40 Invalid packet in p1 DTE originated Too long packet 0x00 0x27 39 P2 local clearing state Clear DTE originated Clear confirm watchdog confirm watchdog timer timer second expired second expired 0x00 0x32 117377 A Rev A IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Reset Packets Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Local Restart state User defined Oxxx User defined Oxxx 1 P3 local reset state T1 expired 2 P4
13. For information about X 25 Gateway Services see Configuring X 25 Gateway Services Instructions Select Local or End to End MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 16 10 Click on OK The IPEX Mapping Parameters window appears If you select PVC as Source Connection Type Figure 6 9 appears If you select SVC Figure 6 10 appears If you select TCP Figure 6 11 appears 117377 A Rev A 6 11 Configuring X 25 Services Cancel OK Values Help Remote IP Address Remote TCP Port Number Figure 6 9 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for PVC Cancel OK Values Help Remote IP Address Remote TCP Port Number Figure 6 10 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for SVC 6 12 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Cancel OK Values Help Local TCP Port Destination Connection Type Destination PVC LCN Figure 6 11 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for TCP In the IPEX Mapping Parameters windows you define a new mapping entry by specifying source and destination addresses the format of which depends on whether the connection type is PVC SVC or TCP IPEX Mapping Parameter Descriptions This section describes the IPEX mapping parameters that you configure in the IPEX Mapping Parameters windows It also describes additional parameters that you can modify in the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window The order of these parameter descriptions is Mapping parameters for PVC and S
14. IP address and TCP port number that identifies the destination of the TCP connection This mapping sets a path for forwarding data received on an X 25 virtual circuit to a specific remote TCP IP peer Mapping Types To configure IPEX you must select either local or end to end mapping which determines whether facilities call user data M bit and Q bit support terminate locally or are passed across the TCP IP connection If you set the mapping type to local IPEX ports can support different packet sizes at each end but message size can be no longer than 4 KB If you configure end to end mapping all IPEX ports must have the same packet and window size or the M bit support will not function properly End to end mapping allows unlimited message size IPEX Connection Summary To set up a reliable tunneling session each side must successfully establish a connection When one side receives a call request the other side attempts to connect If the connection attempt fails on the remote side the local side will reject the call request it received because the tunneling session cannot be set up 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview Figure 1 12 shows how IPEX mediates the interaction between the two protocol stacks as the data flows between the X 25 client terminals and the TCP based hosts Information from to other from to other X 25 terminals IPEX routers EL E IPEX module TCP Information
15. M bit that indicates the fragmentation and helps the receiver reassemble the message How TCP Handles Large Data Messages TCP on the other hand does not have a flag to mark fragmentation of messages that are bigger than the TCP maximum transmission unit MTU size The portion of a message that does not fit into one TCP data segment is sent in a subsequent data segment Without a flag or any indication of the size of the message the TCP client has no way of determining the boundary of a message that is whether the complete message is contained within one or in several data segments Hence once IPEX receives the X 25 user data and translates it to a TCP data segment the message boundary is lost To minimize changes in the existing host applications IPEX maintains the X 25 message boundary IPEX structures the application information into message blocks before encapsulating it in TCP data segments Q bit Support QLLC IPEX service includes support for the Qualified Data bit Q bit which is transported generically through the network A Q bit value of 1 indicates that the frame is a control frame and a value of 0 indicates that it is a data frame Bay Networks X 25 services include Qualified Logical Link Control QLLC a protocol that transfers IBM SNA data over an X 25 network QLLC carries both Logical Link Control LLC information and SNA data across an X 25 network For example with QLLC support a Bay Networks router can
16. T4 Timer parameter 4 14 TCP interface 1 15 large data messages 1 20 port number 1 15 6 15 protocol stack 1 19 socket 1 18 unstructured stream protocol 1 19 Technical Solutions Centers xx Technician Interface 4 1 6 1 7 1 Throughput Class Negotiation parameter 4 17 Token Ring 1 13 Trace parameter 7 11 Transit Delay parameter 4 22 Transmission Control Protocol See TCP transmission unit maximum 1 20 Transmit Window Size parameter default setting 2 5 transmitting data across X 25 network 1 11 tunneling IPEX 1 14 Tx Rx Throughput Class parameter 4 16 Type parameter 3 13 4 28 U Use Default Service Configuration parameter 3 10 4 12 Index 7 User Facility hex parameter 4 37 V Values list window 6 13 7 6 establ hed by router 1 10 A 1 13 WAN Protocol parameter default setting 2 5 WAN Protocols menu 3 3 window Add Circuit 3 2 Values list 6 13 7 6 X 25 Packet Config 3 4 X 25 Service 3 12 X 25 Service Configuration 3 11 Window Size parameter 2 4 3 17 4 6 4 34 windows Configuration Manager 4 2 Configuration Manager with IPEX Protocols Menu 6 2 Default DDN Service 4 27 Edit X 25 Global Parameters 4 3 3 pr 12 IPEX Mapping Parameters IPEX Mapping Table po en 6 7 IPEX Mapping Type 6 8 QLLC Mapping Parameters 7 5 QLLC Mapping Table Configuration 7 4 X 25 Packet Level Edit 4 5 X25 Service 6 5 7 2 X25 Service Configuration 4 26
17. This example assumes that you have already configured a circuitless IP address For information about configuring IP refer to Configuring IP Services For information about configuring X 25 refer to Configuring X 25 Services A 4 117377 A Rev A Sample IPEX Configurations Configuring the PVC or SVC Connection Use these instructions to configure the PVC or SVC connection Refer to Chapter 6 Editing IPEX Parameters for screens and for parameter descriptions 1 2 3 10 11 12 13 Click on a port and click on OK Choose X 25 from the WAN Protocols menu Click on OK The X 25 Packet Configuration window appears Select a Link Address Type DCE if the port connects to a DTE device for example an ATM machine Select a Link Address Type of DTE if it connects to a DCE type device for example an X 25 switch Enter a PDN X 121 address This can be any legal X 121 address but not the X 121 address that you are using for IPEX mapping step 14 Enter the maximum number of PVC and or SVC logical channels and LCN ranges that this interface requires Click on OK The X 25 Service Configuration window appears Enter the appropriate Service VC Type If it is PVC enter the appropriate values for the First PVC LCN and Number of PVC LCN parameters Click on Add The X 25 Service window appears In the Type parameter click on Values and choose IPEX as the service type Click on OK The IPEX Map
18. Values Help Enable Source X 121 Address Destination X 121 Address Destination PVC LCN Remote IP Address Remote TCP Port Number Figure 6 5 IPEX Mapping Table Configuration Window 6 Click on Add 117377 A Rev A 6 7 Configuring X 25 Services The IPEX Mapping Add window appears Figure 6 6 Cancel OK Values Help Mapping Type TCP Circuit Name TCP Header Type Figure 6 6 IPEX Mapping Add Window 7 Click on the Values button and select a source connection type from the menu that appears Figure 6 7 using the parameter description that follows as a guide 6 8 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Source Connection Type None PVC SVC TCP Specifies the type of connection at the sending end of the original message PVC and SVC specify an X 25 Level 3 connection either a permanent virtual circuit or a switched virtual circuit TCP is a Transmission Control Protocol connection Source connection types PVC and SVC send to destination connection type TCP Source connection type TCP sends to destination connection type PVC or SVC Select PVC to specify an X 25 connection to a permanent virtual circuit Select SVC to specify an X 25 connection to a switched virtual circuit Select TCP to specify a Transmission Control Protocol connection 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 4 Note Either the sou
19. Values Help Map Entry Name Adjacent DTE DCE X121 Address Protocol ID PID hex Adjacent MAC Address Partner DTE DCE X121 Address Partner Mac Address Generate XID DISABLE Figure 7 4 QLLC Mapping Parameters Window In the QLLC Mapping Parameters window you define a new mapping entry by specifying a Map Entry Name Adjacent and Partner X 121 addresses and Adjacent and Partner MAC addresses All other QLLC parameters have default values 117377 A Rev A 7 5 Configuring X 25 Services QLLC Mapping Parameter Descriptions This section describes the QLLC mapping parameters that you can configure in the QLLC Mapping Parameters window It also describes additional parameters that you can modify in the QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window Note Each mapping entry must have a unique combination of Adjacent X 121 Address Partner X 121 Address and Protocol ID To set parameters enter a value in the parameter field or select a value from the Values list QLLC Mapping Parameters You can access the following parameters in the QLLC Mapping Parameters window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Map Entry Name None Any text string Provides a name for the QLLC mapping entry Enter a text string that describes this mapping entry 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 18 7 6 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB
20. both PVCs and SVCs as well as with TCP IP protocols over all interface types that Bay Networks routers support Note In this document the acronym IPEX refers to both the Bay Networks router when configured to provide X 25 tunneling service and to the software that implements the tunneling depending on the context IPEX supports e TCP IP over Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDDI Ethernet and Token Ring LAN media e X25 over synchronous interfaces 6 MB s maximum How IPEX Works Tunneling support attaches an X 25 DTE or DCE to the IPEX router which converts X 25 data to TCP and uses TCP IP to carry the X 25 data to another remote IPEX router which converts it back to X 25 Figure 1 9 illustrates this conversion TCP X 25 Level 3 connections X 25 Level 3 connections TCP TCP connections ECC 3D e ECL 3D e TCP IP local local X 25 IPEX IPEX X 25 DTEs or DCEs router router DTEs or DCEs X250010A Figure 1 9 Sample Network Topology with TCP IP Tunneling and IPEX 117377 A Rev A 1 13 Configuring X 25 Services The sample configuration shows X 25 DTEs or DCEs connected to Bay Networks routers by standard X 25 lines interfaces and software and a network of routers interconnected by standard TCP IP lines and interfaces You can connect the DTEs or DCEs to the router usin
21. cause the router to drop packets Therefore use caution when changing the default settings for the following X 25 parameters Max Window Size Max Packet Length Window Size Packet Size Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables packet level services for the interface Set to Disable to disable packet level services 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 2 4 6 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Network Address Type PDN Network PDN Network DDN Network BFE Network Specifies the type of X 25 network to which the interface connects The value of this parameter determines the format of the local X 121 address Do not set this parameter if you have a Point to Point connection Specify PDN Network for a Public Data Network Specify DDN Network for a Defense Data Network Specify BFE Network for a DDN network that uses BFE encryption If you specify PDN Network you must enter the local address in X 121 address format that is you must specify a value for the PDN X 121 Address parameter If you specify DDN Network or BFE Network you must enter the local address in IP address format that is you must specify a value for the DDN IP Address parameter The router translates th
22. supports If you accept the default value Null no closed user groups are supported if you set this parameter to Basic the Basic facility is supported if you set this parameter to Extended the Extended facility is supported Ensure that the value of this parameter matches the value of the network service record parameter CUG Facility Format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 23 CUG Outgoing Access Null Null CUGOA Specifies whether or not this interface supports a closed user group CUG with outgoing access To enable CUG with outgoing access set this parameter to CUGOA If you enable this option set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended In addition set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to OA 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 24 4 20 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters CUG Bilateral Selection Null Null Bilateral Specifies whether or not this interface supports a bilateral closed user group CUG To enable CUG with bilateral facility support set this parameter to Bilateral If you enable this option set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended In addition set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to Bilateral 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 25 RPOA Selection OFF ON OFF Enables the recognized private oper
23. 1 Configuring X 25 Services Table C 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters continued Parameter Default Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 128 Number of PVC Channels 0 PVC LCN Start 0 Number of Incoming SVC 0 Channels Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 Number of Bidirectional SVC 0 Channels Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 Number of Outgoing SVC 0 Channels Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 Use Default Service Configuration OFF T1 Timer 60s T2 Timer 180s T3 Timer 200 ms T4 Timer 200 ms Flow Control Negotiation Off Max Window Size 2 Max Packet Length 128 Tx Rx Throughput Class THRCLASS19200 Throughput Class Negotiation Off Max Throughput Class 19200 continued 117377 A Rev A X 25 Default Parameter Settings Table C 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters continued Parameter Default Network User Identification Off Incoming Calls Accept On Outgoing Calls Accept On Fast Select Accept Off Reverse Charge Accept Off Fast Select Off Reverse Charging Off CUG Selection Null CUG Outgoing Access Null CUG Bilateral Selection Null RPOA Selection Off Charging Information Off Transit Delay Off Full Addressing On Acceptance Format Basic 2 Release Format Basic 2 CCITT Conformance DXE1988 Network Standard None Statistics Computation Disable Client Response Timer 120 117377 A Rev A
24. 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 11 117377 A Rev A 7 7 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Partner DTE DCE X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the X 121 address of the device that connects through the DLSw network QLLC software maps the partner X 121 address to the partner MAC address Enter the partner X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 6 Partner MAC Address None The MAC address assigned to this SNA device It must be unique within your network Specifies the MAC address assigned to the device that connects through the DLSw network The QLLC software maps the partner MAC address to the partner X 121 address Enter the MAC address Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 9 Generate XID Disable Enable Disable Allows a non NPSI host to establish a session with a QLLC endstation Set to Enable when a PU 2 0 QLLC device connects through DLSw to a non X 25 host 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 16 7 8 117377 A Rev A Editing QLLC Parameters Additional Mapping Parameters You can access the following parameters in the QLLC Mapping
25. 16 Use Default Service COnfiguration 4 12 Use Default Service Configuration 3 10 QLLC Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Address 7 7 Adjacent MAC Address 7 7 Adjacent SAP Address 7 9 Enable 7 9 Generate XID 7 8 Map Entry Name 7 6 Options 7 10 Partner DTE DCE X 121 Address 7 8 Partner MAC Address 7 8 Partner SAP Address 7 10 Protocol ID PID 7 7 trace 7 11 synchronous line 2 5 partner device 1 22 Index 6 Partner DTE DCE X 121 Address parameter 7 8 Partner MAC Address parameter 7 8 Partner SAP Address parameter 7 10 PDN public data network description of 1 2 1 6 enabling and disabling 3 6 4 7 specifying as X 25 service type 3 13 4 28 PDN X 121 E 164 Address parameter 3 6 4 7 permanent virtual circuits See PVCs PLP 1 14 Point to Point X 25 service See PtoP port TCP 1 15 6 15 Precedence parameter 4 32 Promiscuous parameter default setting 2 5 protocol IP 1 14 message based X 25 1 19 TCP 1 19 unstructured stream TCP 1 19 X 25 1 19 X 25 layer 3 1 14 Protocol ID PID parameter 7 7 PtoP Point to Point description of 1 6 2 8 specifying as X 25 service type 3 13 4 28 public data network See PDN publications ordering xix PVC LCN parameter 4 29 PVC LCN Start parameter 3 8 4 10 PVCs configuring for LAN services 1 7 definition of 1 7 Q Q bit Qualified Data bit 1 20 QLLC Qualified Logic Link Control description of 1 6 QLLC Qualified Logical Link Con
26. 3 Learn about the X 25 protocol and special aspects of the Bay Chapter 1 and Networks implementation of X 25 Chapter 2 Change default settings for X 25 parameters Chapter 4 Change default settings for LAPB parameters Chapter 5 Configure IPEX Chapter 6 Configure QLLC Chapter 7 View a sample IPEX configuration Appendix A View examples of QLLC configurations Appendix B View lists of default parameter settings for X 25 LAPB IPEX and Appendix C QLLC Consult IPEX diagnostic codes Appendix D 117377 A Rev A XV Configuring X 25 Services Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router refer to the installation manual that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file refer to Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager and router software For instructions refer to Upgrading Routers from Version 7 11 xx to Version 12 00 Conventions angle brackets gt Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example if command syntax is ping ip address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 bold text Indicates text that you need to e
27. 3 13 4 28 User Facility hex 4 37 Window Size 2 4 3 17 4 34 packet level Acceptance Format 2 3 4 23 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 3 9 4 11 CCITT Conformance 4 24 Charging Information 4 22 Client Response Timer 4 25 CUG Bilateral Selection 4 21 CUG Outgoing Access 4 20 CUG Selection 4 20 DDN IP Address 3 7 4 8 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 4 9 Default Tx Rx Window Size 4 9 Enable 4 6 Fast Select 4 19 Fast Select Accept 4 18 Flow Control Negotiation 2 3 4 14 Full Addressing 4 22 Incoming Calls Accept 4 18 Incoming SVC LCN Start 3 8 4 11 Link Address Type 3 5 Max Packet Length 2 3 4 15 Max Throughput Class 4 17 Max Window Size 2 3 4 15 Network Address Type 3 6 4 7 Network Standard 4 24 Network User Identification 4 17 Index 5 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 3 9 4 11 Number of Incoming SVC Channels 3 8 4 10 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 3 9 4 12 Number of PVC Channels 3 7 4 10 Outgoing Calls Accept 4 18 Outgoing SVC LCN Start 3 10 4 12 PDN X 121 E 164 Address 4 7 PDN X 121E 164 Address 3 6 PVC LCN Start 3 8 4 10 Release Format 2 3 4 23 Restart Procedure Type 4 8 Reverse Charge Accept 4 19 Reverse Charging 4 19 RPOA Selection 4 21 Sequence Size 4 8 Statistics Computation 4 25 T1 Timer 4 13 T2 Timer 4 13 T3 Timer 4 13 T4 Timer 4 14 Throughput Class Negotiation 4 17 Transit Delay 4 22 Tx Rx Throughput Class 4
28. 3 5 15 1 4 117377 A Rev A 6 3 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Insert Called DTE Address Default Disable Options Enable Disable Function Many DTE devices cannot provide the called DTE X 121 address that IPEX requires When you enable this parameter and an IPEX device receives an incoming call request packet that does not include a called DTE X 121 address the IPEX software searches all the mapping records associated with its circuit interface until it locates a mapping record that is a source type SVC record and has an X 121 called address IPEX then copies the X 121 called address from the mapping record to the call request packet that lacks an X 121 address and sends the packet to the remote IPEX router to establish the IPEX session Instructions Choose Enable to enable address insertion MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 1 5 Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries To set up the mapping between the X 25 and TCP interfaces 1 Addan entry to the IPEX Mapping Table 2 Configure the IPEX Mapping Parameters Adding an IPEX Mapping Table Entry To add an entry to the IPEX Mapping Table 1 In the X25 Service Configuration window Figure 4 4 click on Add The X 25 Service window appears Figure 6 3 6 4 117377 A Rev A Type Remote IP Address Remote X 121 E 164 Address Connection ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing Service VC type First PVC LCN Number of PVC LCN Window Size Packet Size Figur
29. 3 5 9 4 5 1 14 4 14 117377 A Rev A Table 4 1 Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter Settings for Flow Control Negotiation Parameter Value X 25 Packet Level parameters Max Window Size Max Packet Length See parameter descriptions Acceptance Format DEFEXT Release Format DEFEXT X 25 Service Record parameters Flow Facility Negot Window Size Packet Size See parameter descriptions Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Window Size 2 1 to 7 for MOD8 or 1 to 127 for MOD128 Specifies the maximum window size allowed in the facilities field of outgoing and incoming call request packets generated by the router and transmitted on this interface If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MODS accept the default 2 or enter a value between 1 and 7 If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MOD128 enter a value between 1 and 127 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 11 Max Packet Length 128 161321641 12812561 5121 1024 2048 4096 Specifies the maximum length in bytes of the information field of outgoing X 25 packets generated by the router and transmitted on this interface Accept the default 128 or set to one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 12 117377 A Rev A 4 15 Configuring X 25 Services Caution Window s
30. Done A 6 117377 A Rev A Sample IPEX Configurations You have completed the IPEX configuration Note This example allows calls from the X 25 DTE to the X 25 host After the initial call traffic can flow in both directions To allow either side of the connection to make call requests you must make the same configuration again but in the opposite direction That is create an SVC mapping type on the X 25 host and a TCP mapping type on the X 25 DTE For the second configuration use a different TCP port Both mapping types can exist on the same interface 117377 A Rev A A 7 Appendix B QLLC Configuration Examples The sections that follow illustrate typical QLLC network topologies when used with DLSw Sample Network Topologies QLLC conversion supports the following network topologies e Upstream QLLC e Downstream QLLC Endpoint QLLC e Backbone QLLC The following sections show examples of each 117377 A Rev A B 1 Configuring X 25 Services Upstream QLLC Network Figure B 1 shows support for upstream X 25 networks The DLSw network connects to an upstream QLLC host through an X 25 network and to SDLC and LLC attached SNA end stations The end stations can be PU2 0 devices such as the AS 400 IBM 3174 PS 2 and IBM 5394 A QLLC host might be an AS 400 or an IBM mainframe running NPSI software B 2 117377 A Rev A SNA mainframe QLLC Configuration Examples NEN XN NEN X 121
31. EE EE EE 6 17 Editing IFEX Mapping Table EMs usi petente eunte bte teni Pe eae ene rent mE pacc nn 6 21 Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Eies summene novia cedant 6 21 Deleting IPEX from the Router PE Sindre EE itc TUM 6 22 Chapter 7 Editing QLLC Parameters Configuring QLLC PUTET serene PEPEE T TO i Fed Adding a QLLC Mapping Table EVI auuuccuacicccs cus icce poner bR Pecba ci pur anean 7 2 OULC Mapping Parameter Descriptions iussa dus esce tmd tesi esci nexa d dnd 7 6 QLLC Mapping Parameters one deltar ET PE 7 6 Aadiional Mapping Paramblers 2 ideae eer eod v Rr d sink ER RD Rr REP E d 7 9 Editing or Deleting QLLC Mapping Table Entries sssssesesss 7 12 Appendix A Sample IPEX Configurations Aes ae gg EE cbe esi eade Arn nac de GC ue Festa ere tu NOU A 1 IPEX Single Node Switching selene eelade PE EE PE Er TTE A4 anteuring PES Local x35 S IG Vasset A 4 Configuring the PVC or SVC Connection mrnrnnnnvnnnnvnnnrrnnrrnrnrrnrnnnrnrnrnrnnnnnnen nn A 5 Cootigurmg the TOP Season A 6 Appendix B QLLC Configuration Examples Sample Network Topologies FEE T v B 1 Upstream OLLU NBBEDIK 1 pepe rer ee ane Fed ae cid v Mea er aed er o p bae Rice Ee B 2 Downstream OLLO NODWOUK auus cred Es corio iea ENAN bL UE B 4 Seting ne Generale XID uiri eer B 4 Endpomt EE EEE PRE B 6 Setting the Options Paramete
32. Router A begins processing the packets it receives from IP end station 1 1 1 2 across the X 25 network to Router B 2 Router B removes the X 25 packet headers and trailers and forwards only the IP data to IP end station 3 1 1 2 Figure 1 8 3 IP end station 3 1 1 2 transmits data to end station 1 1 1 2 Note that other IP end stations for example 1 1 1 3 can use the virtual circuit to transmit data in the direction of end station 3 1 1 2 until the call is cleared The call request and call accept packets specify the logical channel numbers LCNs assigned to the virtual connections between each router and its corresponding DCE As a result subsequent X 25 data packets contain only the logical channel numbers rather than the complete X 121 destination addresses X 25 PDN m 2 1 1 1 lt gt 444 El DCE DCE Router A 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 IP network 1 1 1 3 IP network X250009A Figure 1 8 Routing IP Traffic across the X 25 Network 1 12 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview IPEX Bay Networks X 25 services include IP Encapsulation of X 25 IPEX IPEX lets you send and receive messages between two X 25 systems via a TCP IP network The tunneling maps TCP sockets to X 25 virtual circuits IPEX works with X 25 virtual circuits
33. SNA traffic over an X 25 network The type of traffic that the router forwards depends upon the type of network layer service enabled on each of the router s network interfaces For example if you configure an interface for DDN services you cannot configure any other type of service You can however configure an interface to run PDN IPEX QLLC and Point to Point services together 1 6 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview PVCs and SVCs Bay Networks X 25 services enable you to configure both permanent virtual circuits PVCs and switched virtual circuits SVCs A PVC is a permanent logical path that you configure between two DTEs It uses a fixed logical channel to maintain a fixed point to point connection between two end stations on a network A PVC requires no setup operation before or disconnect operation after data travels between these end stations An SVC is a connection across a network that exists only as long as data travels across that circuit An SVC is established on an as needed basis and can connect any two end stations in the network SVCs have three separate phases call setup data transfer and call disconnection You can configure a combination of PVCs and SVCs on the same interface For instructions on configuring X 25 PVCs and SVCs refer to Chapter 3 Enabling X 25 Service How X 25 Services Work End users on a LAN use the services of the Bay Networks router to access X 25 networks The router acts a
34. TCP 0x65 0x09 0x85 Network management deleted disabled all of 0x66 0x09 0x86 TCP connection The remote TCP disconnected 0x67 0x09 0x87 TCP Panicked somewhere 0x68 0x09 0x88 IP registration failed 0x69 0x09 0x89 Buffer could not be allocated 0x6a 0x09 0x8a GAME RPC call timeout with no response Ox6b 0x09 0x8b Another connection exists with the same socket 0x6c 0x09 0x8c definitions An unexpected disconnect of the timer gate for 0x6d 0x09 0x8d this connection occurred TCP quit because a maximum number of 0x6e 0x09 0x86 retries was reached on a re transmit without acknowledgment from the remote TCP system An unexpected disconnect of the client transmit Ox6f 0x09 Ox8f gate for this connection occurred An unexpected disconnect of the client receive 0x70 0x09 0x90 gate for this connection occurred The IP reassembly gate for the given interface 0x71 0x09 0x91 disconnected TCP protocol error occurred 0x72 0x09 0x92 Connection was Idle for too long 0x73 0x09 0x93 Client was idle for too long 0x74 0x09 0x94 Out of Sequence SYN received 0x75 0x09 0x95 TCP function called from wrong gate 0x76 0x09 0x96 Normal close 0x77 0x09 0x97 Client Interface Error 0x78 0x09 0x98 No response to keep Alive 0x79 0x09 0x99 D 2 117377 A Rev A IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Clear Request Pack
35. Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright O 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED A
36. The Open Systems Interconnection OSI Basic Reference Model combines a nonproprietary structured computer system architecture with a set of common communication protocols It comprises seven layers Each layer provides specific functions or services and follows the corresponding OSI communications protocols to perform those services The X 25 Protocol focuses on three of the seven layers in the OSI model the physical layer the data link layer and the network or packet layer As you read the following sections refer to Figure 1 2 which illustrates the correspondence between X 25 and the OSI model Figure 1 2 conforms to the typical rendering of the OSI model which depicts the physical layer at the bottom of the protocol stack and refers to succeeding layers as representing higher level protocols 1 2 117377 A Rev A OSI model X 25 protocol X 25 Overview Network layer X 25 packet layer Data link layer LAPB Physical layer X 21 X 21bis RS232C RS449 422 and V 35 Figure 1 2 Physical Layer OSI X 25 Correspondence X250003A The physical layer transmits bits across the physical connection or modem interface Bay Networks supports all of the standard media for X 25 transmission X21 X 21bis RS232C RS449 422 and V 35 Data Link Layer The data link layer defines the link access procedures for transferring frames of data accurately and
37. Window ssesseeeeeeenn TO 6 6 117377 A Rev A xi Figure 6 5 IPEX Mapping Table Configuration Window eeeneeee 6 7 Figure 66 IPEX Mapping Add VUineleiar nummerne nad 6 8 Figure 6 7 Source Connection Type Menu rrruanavnnnnnvnnannvonnnnnenennvnnnnnnvnnrnrrnnnnnvnnnnnn 6 9 Pigure SEE Type MNU oae im Er rn EORR i de a ounces 6 10 Figure 6 9 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for PVC aa NET 6 12 Figure 6 10 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for SVG sesser 6 12 Figure 6 11 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for TCP sess 6 13 Figure 7 1 X 25 Service Window PE died de ems Cras iea eei s Figure 7 8 Values Selection WINdGW 22s obi er e bn ere a d Ern 7 3 Figure 7 3 QLLC Mapping Table Configuration Window esseeee 7 4 Figure 7 4 QLLC Mapping Parameters Window rennnnvnnnnnvnnnnnnvnnnnrnnnnnnvnnnnrrennnnvennnnr 7 5 Figure A 1 Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters ssssssss A 1 Figure A 2 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type A 2 Figure A 3 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type A 2 Figure A 4 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type A 3 Figure A 5 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type A 3 Figure A 6 IPEX Single Node Switching mernnrnnnnnnvnnnnrrnnnnn
38. X 25 Services Public Data Network PDN The X 25 PDN service provides end to end connectivity between the router and a remote DTE that supports Internet RFC 1356 X 25 services The Bay Networks router supports Internet RFC 1356 for IP OSI DECnet IPX and XNS Defense Data Network DDN The X 25 DDN service provides end to end connectivity between a router and a remote DTE that supports X 25 DDN Standard Service IP uses DDN service to transmit IP datagrams OSI uses DDN service to send OSI protocol data units PDUs over the X 25 network No other protocols use DDN services You can implement an X 25 DDN network as a Blacker front end encryption BFE network BFE is an external standalone encryption device that you connect to your router to establish X 25 DDN networks Point to Point Service Point to Point service is proprietary to Bay Networks so Bay Networks routers must be at both ends of the connection AppleTalk transparent and spanning tree bridging DECnet IP VINES XNS IPX and OSI can use Point to Point X 25 service to transmit datagrams over the X 25 network IP Encapsulation of X 25 IPEX IPEX allows two X 25 systems to exchange data by tunneling over a TCP IP network X 25 Gateway X 25 Gateway allows an X 25 system to exchange data with TCP IP hosts For more information refer to Configuring X 25 Gateway Services Qualified Logical Link Control QLLC QLLC transfers IBM Systems Network Architecture
39. address 12345678 MAC address 4000004410 Router A Router B SDLC local device ta PC X 121 address 45678912 MAC address 4000004560 Token Ring gpl 3174 control unit Ho Station address C1 X 21 address 70012345 MAC address 40000000EACO Router B nm X 121 address 400444 MAC address 400000FE40 AS 400 ble Address C1 MAC address 4000000EACO Router A mapping table SNA mainframe 3174 control unit parameters map to PC parameters AS 400 parameters parameters Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 address 12345678 Adjacent MAC address 4000004410 Figure B 1 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 70012345 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 400444 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 45678912 Partner MAC address 4000000EACO Partner MAC address 400000FE40 Partner MAC address 4000004560 X250017A Upstream QLLC Network 117377 A Rev A B 3 Configuring X 25 Services Downstream QLLC Network Figure B 2 shows support for downstream QLLC devices The DLSw network connects to upstream SDLC or LLC attached SNA hosts and downstream QLLC compatible attached SNA end stations The end station can be a PU2 0 device such as an AS 400 IBM 3174 PS 2 or IBM 5394 The SNA host might be an AS 400 or an IBM mainfra
40. dimme a cue JE cue EE gt iN reper EL Dyote Eenucurce Philo Figure 4 1 Configuration Manager Window Editing the X 25 Global Parameter The X 25 global parameter enables X 25 services for the entire router To edit the X 25 global parameter begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt X25 gt Global The Edit X 25 Global Parameters window appears Figure 4 2 4 2 117377 A Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Edit X25 Global Parameters Cancel Enable ENABLE Figure 4 2 Edit X 25 Global Parameters Window 2 Enable or disable X 25 services using the Enable parameter as described in the following parameter description 3 Click on OK to save your changes X 25 Global Parameter Description Use the following parameter description to edit the X 25 global parameter Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Globally enables or disables X 25 services Instructions Set to Disable if you want to disable X 25 services MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 1 2 117377 A Rev A 4 3 Configuring X 25 Services Editing X 25 Packet level Parameters The X 25 packet level parameters are specific to individual X 25 interfaces To edit packet level parameters for an existing interface begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 2 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits to display the Circuit List window Select the X 25 interface that you
41. improves enabling you to transmit more data over a given amount of network bandwidth 117377 A Rev A 2 1 Configuring X 25 Services To use data compression with X 25 you must set the X 25 service record parameter Enable Compression to Enable See Chapter 4 for information about how to access this parameter For a complete discussion of data compression descriptions of compression parameters and instructions for configuring compression for an X 25 interface see Configuring Data Compression Services Load Sharing The Bay Networks implementation of X 25 on PDN networks includes load sharing across as many as four VCs using a round robin algorithm to distribute traffic This feature improves performance by increasing the effective window size that is the number of packets that a DTE can transmit before it receives an acknowledgment To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them you must set the Max Connections network service record parameter to a value greater than 1 see Chapter 4 IPEX and QLLC do not support load sharing Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back to Back If two Bay Networks routers are operating back to back without a clocking source you must configure internal clocking on both routers Use a crossover cable to connect the ports The default clocking source for X 25 is external When you configure X 25 and LAPB on an existing network external clocking can cause un
42. send and receive X 25 packets from an IBM host running IBM s X 25 NCP Packet Switching Interface NPSI and downstream QLLC compatible SNA endstations It can also work with other topologies several of which are illustrated in Appendix B OLLC Configuration Examples 1 20 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview QLLC and DLSw or APPN NPSI You must run DLSw or APPN when you use QLLC The router transmits the SNA data contained within QLLC packets over SDLC or LLC token ring Ethernet frame relay data links that use DLSw services QLLC works with all media that X 25 supports You can establish as many as 128 simultaneous QLLC VCs on a physical link To configure DLSw see Configuring DLSw Services To configure APPN see Configuring APPN Services IBM s NCP Packet Switching Interface NPSI software allows SNA hosts to attach to X 25 networks and to support virtual circuits for both incoming and outgoing calls NPSI makes X 25 virtual circuits appear to SNA hosts as point to point SDLC links How QLLC Works The interfaces that you configure for QLLC conversion are the serial interfaces of the X 25 network that connect to the remote devices with which you want your local SNA devices to communicate Sequence of Connections with QLLC When an X 25 attached device for example a 3174 wants to send data to an IBM host the 3174 sends an X 25 call request packet The IBM host running NPSI receives the call request and e
43. software prevents you from assigning a lower value Accept the default or select a client queue size at least as large as the maximum message size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 14 6 18 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing IPEX Parameters X 25 Call User Data None Any valid call user data up to 128 bytes Specifies the X 25 call user data field content inserted in the X 25 Call Request packet You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is TCP the destination connection is type SVC and the mapping type is Local Enter the appropriate data in ASCII format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 10 Idle Session Timer 120 0 to 86 400 seconds Specifies the timeout period in seconds that an established TCP connection can be inactive before the router sends messages to the peer to verify that the peer is alive If you set this parameter to zero you disable the keepalive feature Accept the default or adjust the timer if your network requires a shorter or longer idle time 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 18 117377 A Rev A 6 19 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 3 0 to 600 second
44. the IP network 117377 A Rev A Configuring X 25 Services IPEX Facility Support IPEX handles only the following X 25 PLP facilities Default Packet Size and Default Window Size The IPEX router examines the packet and window size in the X 25 call from the client terminal When the router has validated and accepted these parameters it sets up the optimal flow control queues at the X 25 client interface as well as the optimal receive and transmit windows at the TCP client interface Flow Control Parameter Negotiation The IPEX router can support the largest packet size defined in the X 25 standard Therefore it always accepts the proposed window and packet size parameters in the X 25 call packet from the client terminal after they are validated without negotiating a smaller window or packet size Sequence of Connections with IPEX Figure 1 11 illustrates the sequence of calls and connections in X 25 TCP IP tunneling as follows 1 Nn mA Bo The local IPEX router receives an incoming X 25 call request from a client X 25 terminal The local IPEX router sends a TCP connection request to the IPEX router serving the remote X 25 terminal The remote IPEX router then sends a call request to the remote X 25 terminal That terminal then responds with an X 25 call accepted packet The remote IPEX router accepts the TCP connection The local IPEX router accepts the local X 25 connection 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview
45. the X 25 packet level It also enables you to turn on restart procedures which clear all virtual circuits and let you initialize a link You can also use the restart procedures to recover from a network failure Select the value that matches your device type and determine whether you want to enable restart procedures Select DTE Restart if your interface is a DTE Select DCE Restart if your interface is a DCE Select DTE Norestart if you have a DTE interface but do not want to enable restart procedures DTE DXE is for a DTE DTE environment and it leaves the DTE unassigned while still providing restart procedures 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 45 4 8 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 1 to 7 for MOD8 or 1 to 127 for MOD128 Specifies a default window size for this packet layer The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Negotiation parameter is set to OFF in both the packet level and service record parameters To specify a window size other than 2 enter a value within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 42 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 128 16132164112812561 5121 1024 2048 4096 Specifies a default packet size for this packet layer The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Neg
46. the amount of time that you want the router to wait before acknowledging a frame 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 13 Max T3 Disconnect Timer seconds 60 to 9999 seconds Specifies the time in seconds that the router waits before determining that the link is disconnected A value of 1 indicates that once the router completes the frame exchange to bring down the link it considers the link disconnected Enter the amount of time that you want the router to wait before the router considers the link disconnected 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 14 117377 A Rev A 5 5 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Initiate Link Setup Action Active Active Passive Identifies whether or not the router initiates link setup or waits for the network to initiate Enter Active if you want the router to initiate link setup or enter Passive if you want the network to initiate link setup 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 16 Enable Rx Tx of XID Frames Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the transmission and reception of test XID frames by the router Select Enable to allow the router to send XID frames Select Disable to prevent the router from sending XID frames 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 17 Command Response Addre
47. to work properly you must set the parameters in Tables 2 1 and 2 2 as shown Table 2 1 X 25 Packet level Parameters Parameter Value Flow Control Negotiation On Max Window Size See the parameter descriptions for options Max Packet Length See the parameter descriptions for options Acceptance Format DEFEXT specifies default Basic format Release Format DEFEXT specifies default Basic format 117377 A Rev A 2 3 Configuring X 25 Services Table 2 2 X 25 Service Record Parameters Parameter Value Flow Facility Negot negotiate flow facility Window Size See the parameter descriptions for options Packet Size See the parameter descriptions for options Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN When you create a new X 25 line on a Bay Networks AN or ASN router Site Manager automatically uses default values to configure LAPB If you want to edit the LAPB parameters you can access them through the Edit Line Parameters window after you have created the new X 25 line For further information see Configuring Line Services 2 4 117377 A Rev A Implementation Notes Configuring Synchronous Lines with X 25 Table 2 3 shows the default synchronous line configurations for an AN ASN and a BN VME router Table 2 3 Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X 25 Synchronous Line Parameter AN ASN X 25 BN VME X 25 BOFL Disable Disable MTU 512 1600 S
48. unacknowledged sequence frames that may be outstanding from the router or the network at any one time Enter the appropriate window size for your configuration 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 10 Max N2 Retries 10 to 64 Determines the value of the N2 retry count which is the number of retransmission attempts that the router makes per frame before it considers the line to be down The retry count is the maximum number of attempts following the expiration of the T1 timer Specify the number of times you want the router to try to retransmit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 11 5 4 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing LAPB Parameters Max T1 Acknowledge Timer seconds 30 to 9999 seconds Specifies the maximum time in seconds that the router waits for an acknowledgment of a frame that it has sent to the network Enter the maximum time in seconds that you would like the router to wait for a frame acknowledgment from the network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 12 Max T2 Acknowledge Timer seconds 1 to 9999 seconds Specifies the time in seconds that the router waits before sending an acknowledgment for a sequenced frame A value of 1 means that the router does not delay before generating an acknowledgment Enter
49. want to edit then click on Edit The Circuit Definition window appears Select X25 Protocol Packet The X 25 Packet Level Edit window appears Figure 4 3 Edit the packet level parameters that you want to change using the parameter descriptions that follow as a guide Click on OK to exit the window Note When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic configuration mode X 25 packet level and LAPB service restart on that interface 4 4 117377 A Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Cancel OK Values Help Enable ENABLE Network Address Type PDN NETHORK PDN X 121 E 164 Address 311 DDN IP Address Sequence Size MOD8 Restart Procedure Type DCE_RESTART Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length Number of PVC Channels PVC LCN Start Figure 4 3 X 25 Packet Level Edit Window X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit the parameters in the X 25 Packet Level Edit window Figure 4 3 Because you may want to edit the parameters you set previously to enable X 25 services this chapter repeats descriptions for those parameters and adds descriptions for the parameters for which the Configuration Manager supplies default values 117377 A Rev A 4 5 Configuring X 25 Services Caution Line speed packet size and window size all affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting any of these variables too low can
50. 25 backbone network Refer to Chapter 1 for definitions of Adjacent and Partner devices SNA mainframe X X 121 address 12345678 XN CA MAC address 4000004410 PC X 121 address 45678912 MAC address 4000005670 Token Ring Token Ring T Tos CJ X 25 Router A Router B Router A mapping table SNA mainframe parameters PC map to Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 45678912 address 212345678 Adjacent MAC Partner MAC address 4000005670 address 4000004410 Router B mapping table PC parameters map to SNA mainframe Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 212345678 address 45678912 Adjacent MAC Partner MAC address 4000004410 address 4000005670 X250021A Figure B 4 X 25 Backbone QLLC Network B 8 117377 A Rev A Appendix C X 25 Default Parameter Settings Tables C 1 through C 7 list X 25 LAPB IPEX and QLLC parameters and their default values Table C 1 X 25 Global Parameter Parameter Default Enable Enable Table C 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Link Address Type DCE Network Address Type PDN Network PDN X 121 Address None DDN IP Address None Sequence Size MOD8 Restart Procedure Type DTE Restart for DTE DCE Restart for DCE continued 117377 A Rev A C
51. 3 First PVC LCN parameter 3 16 6 6 flow control 1 15 2 3 4 14 4 34 Flow Control Negotiation parameter 2 3 4 14 Flow Facility parameter 2 4 4 34 Full Addressing parameter 4 22 G Generate XID parameter 7 8 global parameter editing 4 2 H HDLC High level Data Link Control 1 4 Idle Session Timer parameter 6 19 117377 A Rev A Incoming Calls Accept parameter 4 18 Incoming SVC LCN Start parameter 3 8 4 11 Insert Called DTE Address parameter IPEX global 6 4 IP Internet Protocol 1 14 IP Encapsulation of X 25 See IPEX IPEX IP Encapsulation of X 25 connection sequence 1 16 connection summary 1 18 description of 1 6 global parameters Enable 6 3 Max Message Size 6 3 mapping example A 1 mapping parameters 6 4 6 13 mapping table 6 4 mapping types 1 18 mapping configuring 6 4 network interfaces 1 14 overview 1 13 parameters global Insert Called DTE Address 6 4 PLP facilities supported 1 16 roles of X 25 and TCP protocol stacks 1 19 sample network topology 1 13 single node switching A 4 troubleshooting D 1 tunneling levels 1 14 IPEX Mapping Parameters window for PVC 6 12 IPEX Mapping Parameters window for SVC 6 12 IPEX Mapping Parameters window for TCP 6 13 IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window 6 7 IPEX Mapping Type window 6 8 ISDN D channel 2 8 K Keep Alive Retransmit Count parameter 6 20 Keep Alive Retransmit Timer parameter 6 20 117377
52. 34 117377 A Rev A 4 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID T4 Timer 200 200 to 2000 milliseconds Specifies the data packet transmission watchdog timeout value in milliseconds The value for this timer is the length of time that the router has to respond to an acknowledgment frame This is a Bay Networks proprietary internal timer We recommend that you accept the default value 200 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 35 Flow Control Negotiation OFF ON OFF Enables the flow control negotiation facility on this interface When you enable flow control negotiation the router can negotiate the maximum window size and packet length for virtual circuits on this interface on a per call basis It uses the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameter settings as a boundary check during negotiations The receiving DTE may accept these values or reply with a counterproposal When you disable flow control negotiation the router uses the values specified by these parameters Default Tx Rx Window Size Default Tx Rx Pkt Length Configure the remote peer router to match these default values To enable flow control negotiation set this parameter to ON Then be sure to set the following parameters as shown in Table 4 1 or flow control negotiation will not work 1 3 6 1 4 1 18
53. 8 Specifies the CCITT now ITU T specification to which the router s operation conforms Select a CCITT conformance year that matches your network requirements For example if you are connecting to a DXE1980 compliant network select DXE1980 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 46 Network Standard None None ISO DOD Specifies the network standard with which your router complies The value of this parameter is in addition to the ITU T formerly CCITT specification with which your network conforms Select the appropriate network standard Choose None if you want to use only the CCITT Conformance value Select ISO if you are connecting to a network that complies with the International Organization for Standardization Select DOD if you are connecting to a network that complies with Department of Defense specifications DDN networks 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 47 4 24 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Statistics Computation Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the router computes statistics and X 25 debug logging for the packet level and all the virtual circuits associated with this line instance If you set this parameter to Disable the router computes no statistics which maximizes data throughput If you set this parameter to Enable the router compu
54. A Rev A L LAN media 1 13 LAPB Link Access Procedure Balanced description of 1 4 5 1 for AN or ASN routers 2 4 parameters Command Response Address 5 6 Control Field 5 3 Enable 5 3 Enable Rx Tx of XID Frames 5 6 Idle RR Frames 5 7 Initiate Link Setup Action 5 6 Max N1 Frame Size octets 5 4 Max N2 Retries 5 4 Max T1 Acknowledge Timer seconds 5 5 Max T2 Acknowledge Timer seconds 5 5 Max T3 Disconnect Timer seconds 5 5 Network Link Type 5 7 Station Type 5 3 WAN Protocol 5 7 Window Size 5 4 layer 3 PLP interface 1 15 LCNs 1 12 Link Access Procedure Balanced See LAPB Link Address Type parameter 3 5 LN routers with Octal Sync configuring LAPB 1 5 load sharing 2 2 Local Addr parameter default setting 2 5 local switching A 4 Local TCP Port parameter 6 15 logical channel numbers See LCNs Map Entry Name parameter 7 6 mapping IPEX 1 18 6 4 parameters IPEX 6 4 6 13 Index 3 QLLC 7 6 QLLC 1 22 table adding a QLLC entry 7 4 adding an IPEX entry 6 4 deleting IPEX entries 6 21 deleting QLLC entries 7 12 editing IPEX entries 6 21 editing QLLC entries 7 12 Mapping Type parameter 6 11 Max Connections parameter 2 2 4 32 Max Idle Mins parameter 4 33 Max Message Size parameter IPEX global 6 3 Max Packet Length parameter 2 3 4 6 4 15 Max Throughput Class parameter 4 17 Max Window Size parameter 2 3 4 6 4 15 maximum transmission unit See MTU M bit su
55. A Rev A B 5 Configuring X 25 Services Endpoint QLLC Network Figure B 3 shows support for a network that connects an upstream X 25 attached SNA end station and a downstream X 25 attached SNA end station The end stations can be an AS 400 and a PC supporting a hierarchical protocol such as SNA or a peer to peer protocol such as APPN Setting the Options Parameter Set the Options parameter to Don t Wait when both end stations are X 25 QLLC devices B 6 117377 A Rev A QLLC Configuration Examples AS 400 PC X 121 address 12345678 X 121 address 45678912 MAC address 4000004410 MAC address 4000005670 X 25 X 25 i u E DLSw Router A Router B Router A mapping table AS 400 parameters map to Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 12345678 address 45678912 Adjacent MAC Partner MAC address 4000004410 address 4000005670 Router B mapping table PC parameters map to AS 400 Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 45678912 address 12345678 Partner MAC Adjacent MAC address 4000004410 address 4000005670 X250020A Figure B 3 Endpoint QLLC Network 117377 A Rev A B 7 Configuring X 25 Services Backbone QLLC Network Figure B 4 shows support for an X 25 backbone This X 25 network connects to an upstream SNA mainframe and a downstream PC through an X
56. B Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Incoming Calls Accept ON ON OFF Specifies whether this interface accepts incoming calls When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming call requests on this interface To disable incoming calls set this parameter to OFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 17 Outgoing Calls Accept ON ON OFF Specifies whether this interface generates outgoing call requests When you enable this parameter the router can initiate outgoing call requests on this interface To disable outgoing calls set this parameter to OFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 18 Fast Select Accept OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select accept facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming call requests with fast select facility on this interface To enable the fast select accept facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 19 4 18 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Reverse Charge Accept OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept calls with the reverse charge facility To enable the reverse charge accept facility s
57. DTE DCE X 121 Address parameter 7 7 Adjacent MAC Address parameter 7 7 Adjacent SAP Address parameter 7 9 AN ASN routers configuring LAPB 1 5 2 4 defaults for synchronous line parameters 2 5 Bay Networks Press xix Bidirectional SVC LCN Start parameter 3 9 4 11 Blacker front end BFE network address type 3 6 4 7 description of 1 6 enabling and disabling 4 36 BN routers with Octal Sync configuring LAPB 1 5 BN VME routers defaults for synchronous line parameters 2 5 BofL parameter default setting 2 5 boundary message 1 20 Broadcast parameter 4 31 117377 A Rev A Index C call processing determining X 121 destination 1 9 generating call requests 1 10 transmitting data 1 11 call request packet format 1 10 Call Retry parameter 4 33 CCITT Conformance parameter 4 24 Charging Information parameter 4 22 Client Queue Size parameter 6 18 Client Response Timer parameter 4 25 clocking sources for X 25 2 2 compression See data compression Configuration Manager window 4 2 Configuration Manager window with IPEX Protocols Menu 6 2 congestion 1 15 Connection ID parameter 3 15 4 29 connector selecting 3 2 CUG Bilateral Selection parameter 4 21 CUG Facility Format parameter 4 38 CUG Facility Type parameter 4 38 CUG Number parameter 4 39 CUG Outgoing Access parameter 4 20 CUG Selection parameter 4 20 customer support programs xix Technical Solutions Centers xx Index 1
58. E AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 117377 A Rev A Contents About This Guide Baur EN ene xvi Conventions Tel sepes Indie EPA FQREURR SR cis MI D WIUDI M xvii Ordering Bay Networks PUDIICANONS uudaescc dia ice desi epe zai deci terit xix Bay Networks Customer DENGE set esas pussses ieira iia uec tesa ecuador asia ERA xix SE pL e P E nant e nn ees XX Chapter 1 X 25 Overview ee MIEN TM eto EN 1 1 ke eS DE NORTHERN 1 2 PP Es pr C M 1 3 EEE e c RR 1 3 Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol eren trn tnmen tena 1 4 LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers ssssseee 1 5 ee GE EE EE E E E A OA E 1 5 X 25 Service Types m Gene E T 1 5 Ps OE qe 1 7 acc ecc rye S Ue BN EEE OT D 1 7 ET c P 1 7 Configuring X 25 PVCs f r IP IPX and DECnet Ls eei ord rrr rae 1 7 Configuring X25 P Os Tor OSI kesvamsisenmeerusssnmne PRE ET 1 8 SEE RE Em 1 8 Determining the X 121 Bestination eeu uses cre
59. E and the other end as a DTE 117377 A Rev A 3 5 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Network Address Type PDN Network PDN Network DDN Network BFE Network Specifies the type of X 25 network to which the interface connects The value of this parameter determines the format of the local X 121 address Specify PDN Network for a Public Data Network or a Point to Point connection Specify DDN Network for a Defense Data Network Specify BFE Network for a DDN that uses BFE encryption If you specify PDN Network you must enter the local address in X 121 address format that is you must specify a value for the PDN X 121 Address parameter If you specify DDN Network or BFE Network you must enter the local address in IP address format that is you must specify a value for the DDN IP Address parameter The router will translate the address into X 121 format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 50 PDN X 121 E 164 Address None Any valid X 121 or E 164 address Specifies the X 121 or E 164 address assigned to this interface The X 25 network service provider supplies the X 121 or E 164 address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to PDN Network Enter the appropriate X 121 or E 164 address up to 15 decimal digits 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 52 3 6
60. EX Configurations Cancel OK Values Help X 121 Called Address 987 Remote IP Address 192 168 134 222 Figure A 4 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type Cancel OK Values Help Local TCP Port Destination Connection Type Destination PVC LCN Figure A 5 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type 117377 A Rev A A 3 Configuring X 25 Services IPEX Single Node Switching IPEX single node switching is IPEX configured on the backplane of a single router A normal IPEX configuration performs local X 25 switching and a circuitless IP network simulates an IP cloud Figure A 6 illustrates single node switching X 25 level 3 with IPEX Sn Router s circuitless IPaddress 192 32 50 1 12 X 25 DTE X 25 host E 164 called address 12345678 X250022A Figure A 6 IPEX Single Node Switching If the router receives an X 121 called address for a VC with the call request coming from the X 25 port it sends the packet to a TCP destination port and IP address that you choose For this example the router sends the packet to the circuitless IP address or any other IP address on the local router If the router receives an incoming TCP IPEX packet from the configured TCP port number it sends the IPEX packet out on the X 25 port Configuring IPEX Local X 25 Switching
61. EX Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Max Message Size 1600 Insert Called DTE Address Disable 117377 A Rev A C 5 Configuring X 25 Services Table C 6 IPEX Parameters IPEX Mapping Parameters Default Source Connection Type None Mapping Type None TCP Circuit Name None TCP Header Type None used only with X 25 Gateway Parameters for PVC and SVC Connections Default Source PVC LCN None used only with PVC connections X 121 Called Address None used only with SVC connections Mapping Type End to End Remote IP Address None Remote TCP Port Number None Parameters for TCP Connections Default Local TCP Port None Destination Connection Type None Destination PVC LCN None Additional Mapping Parameters Default Enable Enable Source X 121 Address None Destination X 121 Address None Client Queue Size Set to the larger of TCP Max Window Size or IPEX Max Message Size usually 4096 X 25 Call User Data None Idle Session Timer 120 seconds Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 3 seconds Keep Alive Retransmit Count 5 117377 A Rev A X 25 Default Parameter Settings Table C 7 QLLC Parameters QLLC Mapping Parameters Default Map Entry Name None Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Address None Protocol ID PID 0xC3 Adjacent MAC Address None Partner DTE DCE X 121 Addr
62. Gs Select OA to allow communication between CUGs with outgoing access If you select OA make sure that you set the packet level parameter CUG Outgoing Access to CUGOA Select Bilateral to allow communication between bilateral CUGs If you select this option make sure that you set the packet level parameter CUG Bilateral Selection to Bilateral 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 27 4 38 117377 A Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter CUG Number Default 0 Range 0 to 9999 Function Identifies each CUG with a number so that information is routed to the correct CUG Instructions Enter a number for the closed user group MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 28 Deleting X 25 Network Service Records To delete a network service record begin at the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 4 4 and 1 Select the network service record that you want to delete 2 Clickon The X 25 record yo 3 Click on Delete Service Configuration window no longer lists the network service u deleted Done to save your changes and exit the window Deleting X 25 from the Router To delete X 2 5 from the router globally begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 and 1 Select Protocols X25 Delete X 25 A window pops up and prompts Do you RI 2 Click on Site Manager EALLY want to delete X 25 OK returns you to the Configuration Manager window X 25 is no longer configured on t
63. ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software a Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the parameter values you enter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Configuring QLLC When you configure a network interface circuit for X 25 you can enable QLLC You must I Add an X 25 Service Record and select QLLC as the service type 2 Addan entry to the QLLC Mapping Table only for DLSw support 3 Configure the QLLC Mapping Parameters only for DLSw support 4 Configure DLSw or APPN over X 25 circuits Refer to Configuring DLSw Services or Configuring APPN Services 117377 A Rev A 7 1 Configuring X 25 Services Adding a QLLC Mapping Table Entry 1 In the X25 Service Configuration window refer to Figure 3 4 click on Add The X 25 Service window appears Figur Cancel OK Values Help Type Remote IP Address Remote X 121 E 164 Address Connection ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing Service VC type First PVC LCN Number of PVC LCN Window Size Packet Size Figure 7 1 X 25 Service Window 2 Position your cursor in the Type parameter bar click on the Values button and select QL
64. LC as the service type Figure 7 2 7 2 117377 A Rev A Editing QLLC Parameters Values Selection Figure 7 2 Values Selection Window 3 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Click on OK You return to the X 25 Service window Position your cursor in the Remote X 121 E 164 Address parameter and enter the appropriate address Use the parameter description that follows as a guide Click on OK The QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window appears Figure 7 3 Remote X 121 E 164 Address None Any valid X 121 or E 164 address Specifies a destination X 121 or E 164 address You must specify a destination X 121 or E 164 address if you are configuring PDN QLLC or Point to Point services If you are configuring DDN services the router derives this address from the remote IP address Enter a destination X 121 or E 164 address up to 15 decimal digits that is reachable over this X 25 interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 12 117377 A Rev A 7 3 Configuring X 25 Services Done Add Delete Apply Values Help nl ar Enable Map Entry Name Adjacent DTE DCE X121 Address Protocol ID PID hex Adjacent MAC Address hex Adjacent SAP Address hex Figure 7 3 QLLC Mapping Table Configuration Window 6 Click on Add The QLLC Mapping Parameters window appears Figure 7 4 7 4 117377 A Rev A Editing QLLC Parameters Cancel OK
65. Not acceptable intermediate packet length OX40 64 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Packet not conformant with requested facility Ox2a Error in PLP2 Local procedure error Nonzero address length field 0x13 0x4a Error in PLP2 Unknown called address Null Ox0d 0x00 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error Invalid called DTE address 0x13 0x43 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error Invalid calling DTE address 0x13 0x44 Error in PLP2 Invalid facility request 0x03 Unknown facility code 0x41 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Duplicated facility code 0x49 Error in PLP2 Invalid facility request 0x03 Facility parameter not allowed 0x42 continued 117377 A Rev A D 5 Configuring X 25 Services Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Exceeding facility length 0x45 Error in PLP2 Access barred Not both way or one way incoming LC 0x0b 0x46 Error in PLP2 Access barred Null 0x0b 0x00 Error in p1_local_restart Invalid facility Not available facility service 0x03 Ox4d Negotiation Error in call request packet in p1 state Local procedure error 0x13 Facility parameter not allowed 0x42 p2 remote calling state timer expired Out of order 0x09 Call setup or clearing problem 0x40 p2_local_ca
66. OFF Indicates whether you want the X 25 service to send IP IPX or DECnet broadcast messages to the remote IP address Set this parameter to ON if you want the X 25 service to send broadcast messages to the IP address Otherwise accept the default OFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 14 117377 A Rev A 4 81 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Connections 2 1to4 Specifies the maximum number of virtual circuits that the router can establish with the remote device specified in this record Increasing the number of connections to the same destination may improve the rate of data throughput To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them set this parameter to a value greater than 1 This parameter has meaning only for PDN services Accept the default 2 or enter a value within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 15 Precedence OFF ON OFF Specifies the priority of IP packets that this X 25 interface transmits and that traverse the X 25 network This parameter has meaning only for DDN services To enable IP packet prioritization set Precedence to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 16 4 32 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Fu
67. Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing QLLC Parameters Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the X 121 device that connects to the interface running the QLLC X 25 software either directly or indirectly QLLC software maps the adjacent X 121 address to the adjacent MAC address Accept the value that the software automatically carries forward from the X 25 service record or enter the appropriate X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 7 Protocol ID PID hex 0xC3 A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through OxFE Specifies the protocol ID used in the first byte of the Call User Data of the X 25 Call Request packet Accept the default or select another value within the range given The PID must be set to the value of the adjacent X 25 QLLC device 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 8 Adjacent MAC Address None The MAC address assigned to this QLLC device It must be unique within your DLSw network Specifies the MAC address assigned to the device that connects to the interface running the QLLC X 25 software QLLC software maps the adjacent MAC Address to the adjacent X 121 address Enter the adjacent MAC address Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6
68. S IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties 117377 A Rev A Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Bay Networks Inc Bay Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for b
69. Table Configuration window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables a particular QLLC mapping entry on this interface Accept the default Enable to activate this QLLC mapping entry Select Disable only if you want to deactivate this mapping entry When you select Disable you eliminate all active QLLC sessions established with this mapping entry 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 2 Adjacent SAP Address 0x04 A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through FE Specifies the SAP address associated with a communication subsystem on an adjacent device If you have two data streams running between the same two end points you must assign different SAP numbers to each of these streams Accept the default or specify the SAP address associated with a specific communication subsystem For example the SAP associated with SNA is 0x04 You must include the Ox prefix 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 12 117377 A Rev A 7 9 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Partner SAP Address 0x04 A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through OxFE Specifies the SAP address associated with a communication subsystem on a partner device If you have two data streams running between the same two end points you must assign differ
70. VC connections Mapping parameters for TCP connections Additional mapping parameters To set parameters enter a value in the parameter field or select a value from the Values list 117377 A Rev A 6 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameters for PVC and SVC Connections Parameter Default Options Function Instructions Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Source PVC LCN None to 4095 Specifies the inbound PVC LCN that you map to the TCP connection The port monitors the X 25 calls for this LCN to initiate the connection This window appears only if you chose PVC as your source connection type Enter the LCN of the PVC for this IPEX connection X 121 Called Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the inbound X 121 called address that you map to the TCP connection The port monitors the X 25 calls for this X 121 called address to initiate the connection This window appears only if you chose SVC as your source connection type Enter the called X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The destination address depends on the network device to which this circuit is connected Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 6 6 14 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing IPE
71. X Parameters Remote IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the remote IP address used to establish a TCP connection to the destination You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is SVC Enter the IP address of the remote connection Use dotted decimal notation for example 1 1 1 1 Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 12 Remote TCP Port Number None The TCP port number at the remote connection a value between 12304 and 16399 Specifies the remote TCP port number used to establish a TCP connection to the destination The remote TCP port originates connections to the local TCP port You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is SVC Enter the TCP port number for the remote connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 13 Parameters for TCP Connections Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Local TCP Port None The local TCP port number a value between 12304 and 16399 Specifies the TCP port in the local IPEX connection This port accepts inbound TCP connections from the remote TCP port You configure this parameter when the Source Connection Type is TCP Enter the TCP port number 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 5 117377 A Rev A 6 15 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Destination Connection Type Default None Options SVC PVC Function Specifies either SVC or PVC as the de
72. X or QLLC you must configure several IPEX or QLLC specific parameters see Chapter 6 for IPEX and Chapter 7 for QLLC MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 9 117377 A Rev A 3 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies a destination IP address that is reachable over this X 25 interface This parameter is not used with Point to Point service You must specify a remote IP address if you plan to enable IP on this interface For DDN services the router translates the remote IP address you specify into an X 121 address so that it can route IP traffic over the network For PDN services the router uses the remote IP address you specify to define an adjacent host for the IP interface Enter a 32 bit destination IP address in dotted decimal notation If you run OSI over DDN you must also enter this IP address in the subnetwork point of attachment SNPA field of the OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration window To enter this value in the SNPA field you must convert the IP address into X 121 format See Configuring OST Services for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 13 Remote X 121 E 164 Address None Any valid X 121 or E 164 address Specifies a destination X 121 or E 164 address You must specify a destina
73. ackup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Bay Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Bay Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Bay Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall not s
74. ancel OK Details Values Help DCE PDN NETHORK 12345678 EN 32 HE 32 33 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 32 Configuring X 25 Packet level Parameters 1 y Configure the packet level parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide When you are done click on OK to display the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 3 4 117377 A Rev A Enabling X 25 Service You add X 25 service records from this window See Adding X 25 Network Service Records later in this chapter for instructions Note After you enable X 25 service on the router you can edit the default settings for the rest of the X 25 parameters See Chapter 4 for instructions X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you set parameters in the X 25 Packet Config window At any time you can get help or obtain a list of acceptable values for a parameter by clicking on the appropriate button on the upper right side of each window To enter a value you can either e Type directly into the parameter field e Click on Values and then select a value from the list displayed the default selection is highlighted Parameter Link Address Type Default DCE Options DCE DTE Function Specifies whether this interface provides logical DCE or DTE services Instructions Specify the service type as DCE or DTE You must set one end of the link as a DC
75. anty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Bay Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been 1 altered except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of 117377 A Rev A iii its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered fil
76. arameter aisi Eb PO Ee HR LP ed ko eee 4 2 3 25 Global Parameter Diser libitu oec auuk oet pte X eS n ERR dU BAKE Bn pd iti 4 3 Editing A 25 Packet level Paramete S Luasemuasnmueaneemmdaievinisesenjnev 4 4 X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeene 4 5 Editing X 25 Network Service Records di siehe ids ee FEE opii 4 25 X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions esssuss 4 28 Deleting X 25 Network Service Records mmnsrnnnnrrnnnnnvnnnnrrrnannvnnnenrrnnnnrnnnnnnrnnnrnnnnnnnennn 4 39 Deleting X 25 from the Router EE TT ae 4 39 Chapter 5 Editing LAPB Parameters Properties of the LAPB Protocol ed S CBE EU DU CRERUS T T T TO 5 1 FLAA ae se 5 2 Chapter 6 Editing IPEX Parameters Accesso IPEX Global POSTET nce scsicancedaccctie cairns tesdehoauecinsceReaep cca eE 6 1 IPEX Global Parameter DescripliDITe 125cces arem rmt nt acc eden oc 6 3 Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries TE EE EE 6 4 117377 A Rev A vii Adding an IPEX Mapping Tablo EUH osoeun irpo atc peor cado Oa aa ag aad rea adno 6 4 IPEX Mapping Parameter Descriptions Lun mmmmmniuskumarm msme da uk h aad anai 6 13 Parameters tor PVC and SVC Connection uiiseneciacieteeeiibue tret eR memmeviusdh 6 14 Parameters Tor TOP Connects oro m Gebr e ade pec n o eben pp Idu d 6 15 Additional Mapping Parameters deus
77. arameters Throughput Class Negotiation OFF ON OFF Permits the negotiation of throughput classes allowing you to determine the amount of throughput you want to go through the switch When you enable this parameter the router can negotiate the throughput rate for virtual circuits on this interface on a per call basis The receiving DTE may accept the proposed rate or reply with a counterproposal If you want the router to accept calls with throughput negotiation set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 15 Max Throughput Class 19200 75 1150 I 300 I 6001 1200 2400 4800 9600 192001 48K 64 K Specifies the maximum throughput rate amount of data in bits per second that this VC can send across the X 25 network If the Throughput Class Negotiation parameter is set to ON the default value 19200 is the maximum value allowed by this parameter Accept the default 19200 or select one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 13 Network User Identification OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this interface supports the Network User Identification NUD service facility When you enable this parameter the router can provide administrative and management information to the DCE on a per call basis To enable NUI support set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 16 117377 A Rev A 4 17 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MI
78. ate dx DCE Ox1b dx Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable packet in state dx DCE Ox1b d 1 Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error Forbidden packet on PVC 2 Error in p4 disabled 0x05 0x23 Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error Bad PS 0x05 0x01 Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error Bad PR 0x05 0x02 Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error Bad Q bit 0x05 0x53 Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error 0x05 Improper case code from DTE 0x51 INTR in p5 remote interrup state Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable interrupt packet in this state Ox2c CINTR in p5_remote_interrup state Local procedure error Not applicable interrupt confirm packet in this 0x05 state Ox2b CINTR in p5 remote interrup Not usable PVC Not used state Ox1d 0x00 continued 117377 A Rev A IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Error in p4 disabled bad ps Network disorder Not used pr q bit cause 0x00 Error in p4 disabled timer Not used Reset confirm Watch Reset confirm Watch dog dog second expired timer second expired 0x00 0x33 117377 A Rev A D 11 A Acceptance Format parameter 2 3 4 23 Add Circuit window 3 2 adding network service records 3 11 adjacent device 1 22 Adjacent
79. ating agencies RPOA selection facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming calls with this facility the router accepts both RPOA Basic format and Extended format To enable the RPOA facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 26 Note When this parameter is set to ON the router accepts calls with the RPOA facility but it does not validate them 117377 A Rev A 4 21 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Charging Information OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with charging information however the packet layer does not collect any charging information To enable the charging information facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 27 Transit Delay OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with transit delay Note that the router does not send outgoing calls with transit delay To enable transit delay set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 28 Full Addressing ON ON OFF Specifies whether the router includes a full local DTE address in all outgoing call requests transmitted on this interface To enable full addres
80. ce is data terminal equipment select DTE If your device is data communications equipment select DCE If you do not want to assign a specific station type and instead want the network to determine the station type choose DXE This value indicates that the router is in unassigned mode it is neither a DTE nor a DCE If you select DXE the router will send an exchange identification XID but negotiation will not take place until the network assigns a station type 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 7 Control Field Modulo 8 Modulo 8 Modulo 128 Specifies the window size or modulo of the sequence numbering that the router uses to number frames Select the appropriate window size for your configuration 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 8 117377 A Rev A 5 3 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max N1 Frame Size octets 256 3 to 4500 bytes Specifies the frame size in bytes for a frame that the router or network transmits This number excludes flags and 0 bits inserted for transparency Select the frame size that suits your network configuration 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 9 Window Size 7 to 127 Specifies the default transmit and receive window size for the interface This value is the maximum number of
81. cribe how to perform each of these steps 117377 A Rev A 3 1 Configuring X 25 Services Selecting a Connector 1 Inthe main Configuration Manager window click on the circuit connector you want to configure For example if you selected the module 5300 Quad Sync click on the connector COMI to configure the first synchronous circuit The Configuration Manager displays the Add Circuit window Figure 3 1 with the selected circuit highlighted Configuration Mode SNMP Agent Circuit Name 551 Color Key Available Select lines from available connectors Selected Slot Connectors ka COM2 D COM1 XCVR2 V XCVR1 COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 COM2 COM1 M XCVR2 F XCVR1 TI CONSOLE Cancel Figure 3 1 Add Circuit Window 2 Click on OK to accept the values shown The WAN Protocols window appears Figure 3 2 3 2 117377 A Rev A Enabling X 25 Service WAN Protocols Standard PassThru Frame Relay x25 ATM DXI SMDS SDLC op I v uj Figure 3 2 WAN Protocols Menu 3 Select X 25 from the WAN Protocols menu to display the X 25 Packet Config window Figure 3 3 117377 A Rev A 3 3 Configuring X 25 Services Figure 3 3 Link Address Type Network Address Type PDN X 121 E 164 Address DDN IP Address Number of PVC Channels PVC LCN Start Number of Incoming SVC Channels Incoming SVC LCN Start Bidirectional SVC LCN Start X 25 Packet Config Window C
82. ctions Specify a facility in hexadecimal form MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 29 Note To set this parameter back to nil after you have configured it gt 1 Select User Facility from the appropriate network service record refer to Editing X 25 Network Service Records earlier in this chapter Overwrite the erroneous value by typing all spaces where you previously entered a hexadecimal value Click on Apply to implement your changes Click on Done to exit the X 25 Service Configuration window 117377 A Rev A 4 37 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CUG Facility Format None None I Basic Extended Specifies the closed user group CUG facility format that the interface can accept The value of this parameter should match that of the X 25 packet level parameter CUG Selection If you are not configuring a CUG for this interface select None To configure the Basic format select Basic To configure the extended format select Extended 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 26 CUG Facility Type Normal Normal OA I Bilateral Defines the type of CUG facility that the interface will accept This parameter works with the X 25 packet level parameters CUG Outgoing Access and CUG Bilateral Selection Select Normal to enable routing between CU
83. disabled T1 expired Local procedure error 0x05 Confirmation watchdog timer first expiration 0x33 51 P3 flow control ready state received Reset Confirm Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable packet in state d1 Ox1b 27 P3 remote reset state received Reset Confirm or invalid packet Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable packet in state d2 DCE Ox1c 28 P3 local reset state received Reset Confirm Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable packet in state d3 DTE Ox1d 29 Error in p3 local reset 2 Error in P4 disabled Local procedure error 0x05 Unidentifiable packet 0x21 33 Error in p3 local reset N Error in p4_disabled Local procedure error 0x05 Reject but not subscribed to 0x25 37 Error in p3 local reset m Error in p4 disabled Local procedure error 0x05 Too short packet 0x26 38 Error in p3 local reset N Error in p4_disabled Local procedure error 0x05 Too long packet 0x27 39 Error in p3 local reset 2 Error in p4 disabled Local procedure error 0x05 Nonzero LCN 0x29 41 continued 117377 A Rev A D 9 Configuring X 25 Services Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Error in p3 local reset Local procedure error 0x05 Not applicable packet in st
84. e The most common implementation of X 25 over the D Channel uses IP encapsulation of X 25 IPEX single node switching For further information on single node switching see Chapter 6 Editing IPEX Parameters Requirements and Limitations Be aware of the following X 25 requirements and limitations e X 25 over the ISDN D channel works with AN ASN and ARN routers and with single or quad ISDN BRI modules only e A slot configured with X 25 over ISDN D channel must have both X 25 PLP and ISDN subsystems loaded The maximum number of logical channels per slot is 64 e Maximum packet size is 256 octets result of the I field length limitation of the LAPD information frame e Throughput maximum is 9600 b s e This feature does not support ISDN leased lines where the D channel does not exist 2 8 117377 A Rev A Implementation Notes The router does not prioritize ISDN signaling traffic and the X 25 traffic on the D channel Bay Networks implementation of X 25 over the ISDN D channel complies with standards in effect in France Spain and Germany Using Regular ISDN and X 25 over the ISDN D Channel Any slot on the router that you configure with X 25 over ISDN using the D channel can also use regular ISDN However dynamically enabling or disabling X 25 over ISDN using D channel affects the active calls of the normal ISDN Similarly dynamically changing the ISDN switch related MIBs global rate adaption or i
85. e 6 3 X 25 Service Window Editing IPEX Parameters Cancel OK Values Help 2 Position your cursor in the Type parameter bar click on the Values button and select IPEX as the service type Figure 6 4 117377 A Rev A 6 5 Configuring X 25 Services Values Selection Figure 6 4 Values Selection Window 3 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Click on OK You return to the X 25 Service window which now lists IPEX as the Type parameter entry If your Service VC type is PVC enter values in the First PVC and Number of PVC LCN parameters Use the parameter descriptions that follow as a guide First PVC LCN 1 0 to 4095 Identifies the lowest PVC logical channel number for the interface Note that each PVC requires its own service record Enter the lowest PVC logical channel number 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 37 6 6 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Parameter Number of PVC LCN Default 1 Options 110512 Function Specifies the total number of PVC logical channel numbers for the interface You must enter a value in this parameter if you want to use the Copy function to replicate your X 25 Gateway configurations see Configuring X 25 Gateway Services Instructions Enter the number of PVC LCNs on this interface 5 Clickon OK The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears Figure 6 5 Done Add Copy Delete Apply
86. e X 25 PLP client interface to e Open and close X 25 connections e Send data to the X 25 module for transmission Process received data delivered from the X 25 module e Control the flow of data across the client interface Ensure data integrity TCP Interface IPEX appears to TCP as a client As such IPEX specifies the socket for the local TCP interface consisting of its IP address and TCP port number and another socket for the remote TCP interface to establish a connection For VCs using IPEX when the local X 25 DCE or DTE requests an X 25 end to end switched connection the local router contacts the remote IPEX router to establish a unique TCP connection for that X 25 connection Because a large number of TCP connections may be active concurrently to support many tunneling sessions IPEX service uses a large range of TCP port numbers to create separate sockets for the individual tunneling sessions However IPEX service does not use any port numbers that are reserved for the standard TCP IP protocols UNIX system services or other TCP client services provided in the software The port numbers reserved for IPEX service range from 12 304 through 16 399 IPEX uses the TCP client interface to e Open close and check the status of TCP connections e Send data to the TCP module for transmission e Process received data delivered from the TCP module e Control the flow of data across the client interface Ensure data integrity across
87. e address into X 121 format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 50 PDN X 121 E 164 Address None Any valid X 121 or E 164 address Specifies the X 121 or E 164 address assigned to this interface The X 25 network service provider supplies the X 121 or E 164 address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to PDN Network Enter the appropriate X 121 or E 164 address up to 15 decimal digits 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 52 117377 A Rev A 4 7 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DDN IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address assigned to this interface The router translates the address into X 121 format and uses it as the local address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to DDN Network or BFE Network Enter the appropriate IP address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 51 Sequence Size MOD8 MODS MOD 128 Specifies the modulo of sequence numbering Set to the appropriate sequence size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 10 Restart Procedure Type DTE_Restart for DTE or DCE_Restart for DCE DTE Restart DTE_Norestart DTE_DXE DCE Restart For each X 25 interface this parameter specifies the device type DTE or DCE at
88. eater than you specify for the packet level parameter Max Packet Length Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Fast Select Request OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select request facility on each virtual circuit When you enable this parameter call request packets this router generates and sends to the remote X 121 address in this service record contain the fast select request facility To enable the fast select request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 22 Fast Select Accept OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select accept facility When you enable the fast select accept facility the router can accept incoming fast select call requests from the remote X 121 address in this service record To enable the fast select accept facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 23 117377 A Rev A 4 35 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Reverse Charge Request OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call request packet When you enab
89. eb at support baynetworks com 117377 A Rev A xix Configuring X 25 Services How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Bay Networks service program call one of the following Bay Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone number Fax number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 508 916 3514 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 408 495 1188 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 33 4 92 96 69 98 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 61 2 9927 881 1 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0180 81 3 5402 0173 XX 117377 A Rev A Chapter 1 X 25 Overview The X 25 Protocol transports LAN traffic to packet switching networks PSNs X 25 allows many different kinds of equipment to communicate across networks at a relatively low cost Common carriers mainly the telephone companies designed X 25 An agency of the United Nations the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunications sector ITU T formerly CCITT administers the X 25 Protocol X 25 is a global standard and is the dominant communications protocol in use around the world today X 25 Interface X 25 defines the interaction across PSNs between data terminal equipment DTE and data circuit terminating equi
90. ect ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PVC LCN Start None 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number for the PVCs on this interface Enter a number in the range allowed Remember that PVC and SVC channel numbers cannot overlap Choose a small enough value for this parameter so that the last channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 56 Number of Incoming SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Specifies the number of switched logical channels that accept incoming calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to incoming calls only on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 36 Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that accept incoming call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for PVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 37 3 8 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Speci
91. elines 6 If you are configuring DDN Service Records and you want to change the default values for service record parameters click on Default DDN and edit service record parameters in the Default DDN Service window Figure 4 5 4 26 117377 A Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters E Default DDN Service Cct 2 X 25 DDN Slot 5 COM1 Cct 2 No 0 Apply Values Help HM 1 E NUM Max Connections 3 Precedence DEFAULT Max Idle mins 2 Call Retry 60 Flow Facility DEFAULT Window Size 2 Figure 4 5 Default DDN Service Window 7 Click on Apply to implement your changes The values that you have selected are the new default DDN service record parameter values They apply to all DDN circuits except those that you configure individually following steps I through 5 of this procedure 8 Click on Done 117377 A Rev A 4 27 Configuring X 25 Services X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions This section provides information on how to set all network service record parameters in the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 4 4 Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables the network service record Instructions Set this parameter to Disable only if you want to disable this service record MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 2 Parameter Type Default None Options PDN DDN PTOP IPEX I QLLC Funct
92. ent SAP numbers to each of these streams Accept the default or specify the SAP address associated with a specific communication subsystem For example the SAP associated with SNA is 0x04 You must include the Ox prefix 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 10 Parameter Options Default 0x0 Options Hexsdeelinal Decimal Value Message Event Value 0x0 0 Wait for Adjacent DTE DCE to send an QXID before forwarding an QXID to it 0x0001 1 Do not wait send an QXID without receiving an QXID first Function Specifies when to forward an XID to the adjacent device Instructions Accept the default 0x0 if you are connecting to a device running PU 2 0 MIB Object ID traffic Choose 0x001 if you are connecting to a host running PU 2 1 traffic 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 13 7 10 117377 A Rev A Editing QLLC Parameters Parameter Trace Default Disable 0x0 Options hia er Decimal Value Message Event 0x0 0 Disable 0x0001 1 Enable QLLC logging 0x0002 2 Data frames packets 0x0004 4 Flow control messages 0x0008 8 Client registration messages 0x0010 16 X 25 session establishment messages 0x0020 32 Test frames packets 0x0040 64 XID frames packets 0x0080 128 Set Mode frames packets 0x0100 256 Disconnect frames packets 0x0200 512 Configuration changes 0x0400 1024 Death of client DLSw 0x0800 2048 Data Path DP messages Function This object is a bi
93. ervice Transparent LAPB Transmit Window Size 1 7 Min Frame Spacing a 1 1 Local Addr 7 1b Promiscuous Enable Disable Remote Addr 7 3b WAN Protocol LAPB X 25 Sync Polling b Enable Disable a Set this parameter to the same value on both sides of the X 25 connection The default is calculated to be 2 times the packet size times the window size For nonsegmenting protocols AppleTalk DECnet you may need to increase the MTU to a larger value b Set this parameter to Disable if the physical interface is not V 35 If you want to edit the synchronous line parameters you can access them through the Edit Line Parameters window after you have created the new X 25 line For more information on these parameters see Configuring Line Services DDN Default Service Record When you configure the Service Type as DDN you can automatically configure service records that use default parameter values for every DDN SVC on your network This means that you do not have to individually configure DDN service records To use the default DDN service record feature set the Use Default Service Configuration packet level parameter to ON You can also change the default values that apply when you set the Use Default Service Configuration parameter to ON See Chapter 4 for instructions 117377 A Rev A 2 5 Configuring X 25 Services If you want to configure specific DDN SVCs with nondefault values you can configure them individually If yo
94. ervices If you are configuring DDN services the router derives this address from the remote IP address Enter a destination X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits that is reachable over this X 25 interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 12 4 30 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Disable If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for any of the other protocols opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol Bay Networks advises multiplexing only when you configure multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service Select Enable if you want to multiplex traffic over a single virtual circuit Otherwise select Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 34 Enable Compression Disable Enable Disable Enables data compression Set this parameter to Enable if you want the X 25 service to use compression for this connection Otherwise accept the default Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 33 Broadcast OFF ON
95. es data or programs 4 Limitation of liability IN NO EVENT WILL BAY NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF BAY NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF BAY NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO BAY NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors whichever is ap
96. es default DDN service records for every DDN SVC on your network Select ON if you want to use default values for your DDN SVCs See configuration instructions in Chapter 4 if you want to set this parameter to ON and still individually configure some of your DDN SVCs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 54 3 10 117377 A Rev A Enabling X 25 Service Adding X 25 Network Service Records After you click on OK in the X 25 Packet Config window the X 25 Service Configuration window appears Figure 3 4 Complete the following steps to add X 25 network service records X 25 PDN Slot 5 COMi Cct 2 No Done Add Delete Apply Values Help Enable ENABLE Type PDN Service VC type PVC LCN Connection ID Remote IP Address Figure 3 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a PDN Network 1 Click on Add to display the X 25 Service window Figure 3 5 117377 A Rev A 3 11 Configuring X 25 Services Cancel OK Values Help Type Remote IP Address Remote X 121 E 164 Address Connection ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing DISABLE Service VC type avc First PVC LCN Number of PVC LCN Window Size Packet Size Figure 3 5 X 25 Service Window 2 Configure the X 25 network service parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide 3 When you are done click on OK The X 25 Service Configuration window appears It now displays the record you just added At this point you can e Add a
97. ess None Partner MAC Address None Generate XID Disable Additional Parameters Default Enable Enable Adjacent SAP Address 0x04 Partner SAP Address 0x04 Options Wait Trace Disable 0x0 117377 A Rev A C 7 Appendix D IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes If IPEX receives a Disconnect Request from TCP or a Disconnect Indication from Packet Layer Protocol PLP IPEX forwards the packet with cause and diagnostic code transparently If IPEX detects an error a Clear Request packet with IPEX specific cause and diagnostic code is generated and sent to PLP The lists of IPEX cause and diagnostic codes follows IPEX Originated Cause Code in Disconnect Request Packet IPEX X25 CAUSE OPERATIONAL 0x09 IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes in Clear Request Packet Error Condition IPEX Cause Diagnostic Code TCP gate failed 0x09 0x60 IPEX session failed 0x09 0x61 IPEX mapping is disabled 0x09 0x62 IPEX cct is not up 0x09 0x63 IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes Due to TCP Error When IPEX detects a TCP error it maps the TCP error status code into X 25 diagnostic code by adding 0x20 to TCP error status code 117377 A Rev A D 1 Configuring X 25 Services The Mapping Table follows Error Condition TCP Error IPEX Gause Diagnoste Code Disconnect is per user request 0x64 0x09 0x84 Disconnect reason is unknown to
98. et this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 20 Note When this parameter is set to ON the router accepts calls with the reverse charge facility but it does not maintain a record of the charges Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Fast Select OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select request facility on this interface When you enable this parameter call request packets the router generates and transmits on this interface can contain up to 128 bytes of user data To enable the fast select request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 21 Reverse Charging OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility on this interface Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call request packet When you enable this parameter these packet network charges are charged to the receiving DTE To enable the reverse charge request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 22 117377 A Rev A 4 19 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CUG Selection Null Null Basic 16 Extended 32 Specifies the type of closed user group CUG facility that the interface
99. ets Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Self clearing of virtual circuits Maintenance action out of order 0x09 Ox7a P4 frozen state T2 expired P4 wakeup Deregistration of PLP service DTE originated Maintenance action user 0x00 Ox7a Local_calling state receives call request DCE Local procedure error 0x13 Call setup or call clearing problem 0x40 Logical_channel_ready state receives CCALL CCLR Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p1 DTE 0x14 Logical_channel_ready state receives CCALL CCLR Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p2 DCE 0x15 P2 remote calling state receives CALL CCALL CCLR Invalid packet Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p3 DTE 0x16 P2 local calling state receives CCLR Invalid packet Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p3 DCE 0x16 Local calling state receives CCLR Invalid packet Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p2 DCE 0x15 P4 state receives CALL CCALL CCLR Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p4 0x17 continued 117377 A Rev A D 3 Configuring X 25 Services Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code P2 collision state receives CALL CCLR invalid Local procedure error 0
100. fault Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters T1 Timer 60 to 999 seconds Specifies how long the router waits to receive an acknowledgment of a transmitted command frame Specifically the T1 timer sets in seconds the timeout values for Restart Reset and Clear commands The router uses this timer to set up data links We recommend that you accept the default value 60 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 32 Caution We recommend that you accept the default T1 Timer T2 Timer T3 Timer and T4 Timer values Reset these parameters with caution Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID T2 Timer 180 to 999 seconds Specifies the call confirmation timeout value in seconds The value for this timer is the amount of time the router has to respond to a call confirmation condition This timer represents the ITU T formerly CCITT T11 timer for the DCE and the T21 timer for the DTE We recommend that you accept the default value 180 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 33 T3 Timer 200 200 to 2000 milliseconds Specifies the congestion or busy condition watchdog timeout value in milliseconds The value for this timer is the length of time the router has to respond to a congestion or busy condition We recommend that you accept the default value 200 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1
101. fies the number of switched logical channels that both accept incoming calls and transmit outgoing calls Enter the number of logical channels that you assign to both accept and transmit calls on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 38 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to bidirectional logical channels Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for incoming SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 39 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Specifies the number of switched logical channels that transmit outgoing calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to outgoing calls only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 40 117377 A Rev A 3 9 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that transmit outgoing call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for bidirectional SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 41 Use Default Service Configuration OFF ON OFF Creat
102. g any synchronous or Multichannel T1 MCT1 port type Levels of Tunneling Figure 1 10 shows the levels of tunneling within the IPEX router E zx PD e ME S N Q 9 N S X 25 S 5 5 X S X 25 E n E i a a n i N N VE EE E IPEX IPEX router router X250011A Figure 1 10 Levels of Tunneling with IPEX When communicating with an X 25 DTE the Bay Networks IPEX router acts as an X 25 DCE Conversely when communicating with an X 25 DCE the Bay Networks IPEX router acts as an X 25 DTE The IPEX router provides X 25 VC support You define the connection between two X 25 systems during configuration When either a DCE or DTE initiates a call the router establishes a TCP connection VCs must have an X 121 address for the router to make the TCP connection IPEX Network Interfaces Bay Networks routers that support IPEX services use the following protocols e X25 Packet Layer Protocol PLP Transmission Control Protocol TCP e Internet Protocol IP 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview X 25 PLP Interface The X 25 PLP interface corresponds to OSI layer 3 On an X 25 PLP interface you can create and configure multiple VCs On an X 25 interface you can configure IPEX service and another type of X 25 service PDN Point to Point or QLLC IPEX uses the X 25 flow control mechanisms to detect any congestion in the X 25 connection IPEX uses th
103. he 3174 control unit and the AS400 are partner devices because they connect through the DLSw network and not through the X 25 network In Figure B 4 Appendix B Router A connects to the SNA mainframe through a token ring network so it is a partner device Router connects to the PC through the X 25 network so the PC is an adjacent device The mainframe is an adjacent device for Router B because they connect through the X 25 network The PC is a partner device for Router B 1 22 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview Coordinating X 25 and DLSw Parameters In addition to setting QLLC parameters you must coordinate X 25 packet size parameters with the SNA frame size to ensure that they are compatible 117377 A Rev A 1 23 Chapter 2 Implementation Notes This chapter describes special features of the Bay Networks X 25 implementation including Data compression Load sharing Clocking sources for routers set back to back Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters Flow control negotiation Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN Configuring synchronous lines DDN default service record RFC 1356 PtoP encapsulation X 25 over the D Channel IPEX Local Switching Data Compression Bay Networks data compression software enables you to reduce line costs and improve response times over X 25 networks Our data compression eliminates redundancies in data streams When you use compression on your network bandwidth efficiency
104. he router 117377 A Rev A 4 39 Chapter 5 Editing LAPB Parameters The Link Access Procedure Balanced LAPB protocol is a subset of the High Level Data Link Control HDLC protocol which is an OSI link layer standard This chapter describes Properties of the LAPB protocol e Editing LAPB parameters Properties of the LAPB Protocol The implementation of the LAPB protocol differs among Bay Networks routers On the AN ANH ARN and ASN routers and BN and LN routers with the Octal Sync link module LAPB is implemented in software For all other link modules LAPB is implemented in the hardware and you cannot configure LAPB line parameters Bay Networks routers use the services of LAPB to initialize the link between the router and the local DCE device and to frame X 25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE X 25 uses the LAPB protocol at the data link layer to e Initialize the link between the DTE and the local DCE device e Frame X 25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE The LAPB information field contains the X 25 packets When an X 25 packet reaches the destination router the LAPB protocol strips away the LAPB frame and delivers the packet to the network layer for further processing 117377 A Rev A 5 1 Configuring X 25 Services Editing LAPB Parameters When you configure a circuit for the X 25 protocol on an Octal Sync link module or any synchronous line on Bay Networks AN ANH ARN
105. i eet imm hana kk ek 1 9 zr pl rH 1 10 ee un re EI FER I TM 1 11 FE ame TM 1 13 HON IPEA io e rn tee enc cet epee eer a eee ett cmv ter er ne a 1 13 117377 A Rev A V Loy EI DT EE do er A cc cpu oec Pr d DR d d 1 14 BESS REE ERE 1 14 20 PLP EE spe 1 15 ee EE RE rrr recente error tren rere 1 15 IPEX Facility SUDDDIT vanenssnesudupv Weird penn PER PEE PAE E E 1 16 Seguente OF SOMOS Wilh IPEX diete 1 16 FE Ese pe E E E N EE CAN E S 1 18 Mapping Types T m Tm T ET 1 18 BET nese RE en OA 1 18 IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages M bit sse 1 19 How X 25 Handles Large Data Messages rmmnnnnvnnnnvrnnnnnvnnnvnrennnnvnnnnnvennnnrnnnsnnenennr 1 20 How TCP Handles Large Data Messages rnnnnnvnnnnvrnnnnnvnnnnnrennnnrnnnnnvennnnrnnnennennenr 1 20 Q bit Support ies iere PEET oe ee T 1 20 NE aetas era iodn 1 20 ELC hd DESWOSESPPM EEE diam e ds Roca Ka 1 21 llc e 1 21 How OELG WOKS RE nasa suielenorateia nolo a a 1 21 Sequence of Connections with QLLO nnrnennnrrnannvnennnrnnannvnnnennenennrnnnannennsnrnnssnneneenr 1 21 CERC ecce ue 1 22 Pee and Fe asco E 1 22 boordinatig X 25 and DLSWw Paramiglerg 4 ciccsse acsicceeescanndaetnneiecsensaniuasstesaesiodensneuiwees 1 23 Chapter 2 Implementation Notes Dt EO DEBE acbaseiaccvnnin EE nd P Rd erani Du 2 1 LAC SMD ge 2 2 Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back
106. ion Specifies the type of X 25 service that this interface supplies e PDN for Public Data Network service e DDN for Defense Data Network service e PtoP for Point to Point network service IPEX for TCP IP Tunneling over X 25 e QLLC for Qualified Logical Link Control service Instructions Choose one of these network service types If you specify IPEX or QLLC you must configure several IPEX or QLLC specific parameters refer to Chapter 6 for IPEX and Chapter 7 for QLLC MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 9 4 28 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Service VC Type SVC SVCIPVC Specifies whether this service record applies to an SVC or a PVC Select the VC type that describes this service record 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 36 PVC LCN None 1 to 4095 Specifies the logical channel number of the PVC for this service record Enter the LCN for this PVC 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 37 Connection ID 1 1 to 255 Identifies each circuit to its remote destination You can have multiple Point to Point circuits configured to the same X 121 destination Each of them requires a unique Connection ID Assign the same connection ID to both the local and remote configurations for each circui
107. ircuit Definition window 4 Select X25 Protocol Service The X 25 Service Configuration window appears refer to Figure 3 4 It lists all network service records currently defined for the interface Follow the EE instructions in the section Adding X 25 Network Service Records 3 18 117377 A Rev A Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters After you enable X 25 you can edit all X 25 parameters from the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 Refer to Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for instructions on using Site Manager to access this window For each X 25 parameter this chapter gives the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing Set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the value you enter for a parameter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration 117377 A Rev A 4 1 Configuring X 25 Services Local i Luc FILE 3 Firmi mra juil espe nde rd Mradel Baktus re CONUM E En Colur Kej Lied ir Derni d4zE don Cirit ee c D coc M coc M oo
108. ize and packet length can affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets Also note that on peer routers the values of the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters must be the same For example if you set the Max Window Size for Router A to 7 then set the Max Window Size for peer Router B to 7 Parameter Tx Rx Throughput Class Default THRCLASS19200 Options THRCLASS75 I 150 I 300 I 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 I 19200 48000 Function Specifies the default data throughput rate amount of data in bits per second for packets transmitted and received on this X 25 interface This is the throughput value that the router first uses when bringing up the line If the router receives an incoming call requesting to negotiate a throughput rate different from this value the router checks the Max Throughput Class parameter value to determine whether it can support the requested rate Instructions To specify a nonstandard default data throughput rate select one of the available options MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 44 4 16 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 P
109. le Reverse Charge Request these packet network charges accrue to the receiving DTE To enable the reverse charge request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 24 Reverse Charge Accept OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility When you enable this parameter the router accepts network packet charges from incoming call request packets To enable the reverse charge accept facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 25 DDN BFE Disable Disable Enable Enables or disables DDN Blacker front end encryption BFE support To enable DDN BFE support set this parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 31 4 36 117377 A Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter User Facility hex Default None Options Any facility that needs to be included in the call request packet Function Allows you to add support for a facility Bay Networks does not transmit To generate a call with such a facility you must enter the appropriate facility code in this parameter You must also set the associated parameter at the packet level to ON Table 4 2 names the facilities which are also the names of the packet level parameters and gives the corresponding facility codes Table 4 2 User Facilities and Codes Facility Packet Level Parameter Code Throughput Class Negotiation 02 Network User Identification C6 RPOA Selection 44 Transit Delay 49 Instru
110. lling state zt4 expired Local procedure error 0x13 Call setup or clearing problem 0x40 117377 A Rev A IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Restart Packets Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Invalid event in state r1 Local procedure error 0x01 Packet type invalid for r1 0x11 17 Invalid event in state r2 Local procedure error 0x01 Not applicable packet in state r2 DCE 0x12 18 Invalid event in state r3 Local procedure error 0x01 Not applicable packet in state r3 DTE 0x13 19 Local Restart state watchdog timer expiration Local procedure error 0x01 Confirmation watchdog timer first expiration 0x34 52 Error in p1 local restart Local procedure error 0x01 Reject supported but not subscribed to 0x21 33 Error in p1 local restart Local procedure error 0x01 Unidentifiable packet 0x26 38 Error in p1 local restart Local procedure error 0x01 Too short packet 0x26 38 Error in p1 local restart Local procedure error 0x01 Too long packet 0x27 39 Error in p1_local_restart Local procedure error 0x01 Nonzero LCN 0x29 41 Invalid packet Local procedure error 0x01 Not applicable packet in state r2 0x12 18 continued 117377 A Rev A
111. me Setting the Generate XID Parameter Set the Generate XID parameter to Enable when you configure a secondary X 25 device to communicate with a non X 25 QLLC primary device This means that for the FEP the AS 400 and the IBM 3745 in Figure B 2 set this parameter to Enable B 4 117377 A Rev A QLLC Configuration Examples SNA mainframe ies X NN m jc 3174 control unit X 121 address 12345678 X 121 address 67891234 MAC address 4000004560 MAC address 4000005670 II Token Ring X 25 AS 400 ECL ILI I DLSw SPLO Station address C1 X 21 address 70012345 Router A Router B MAC address IBM 3745 FEP 40000000EACO Router B SDLC local device table Address C1 m X 121 address 84561234 MAC Address 4000000EACO d MAC address 400000FE40 Router A mapping table 3174 control unit SNA mainframe IBM 3745 parameters map to parameters AS 400 parameters parameters Adjacent DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 Partner DTE DCE X 121 address 12345678 address 67891234 address 70012345 address 84561234 Adjacent MAC Partner MAC Partner MAC Partner MAC address 4000004560 address 40000056700 address 400000EACO address 4000000FE4O X250018A Figure B 2 Downstream QLLC Network 117377
112. ncoming call filter attributes affects X 25 over ISDN using D channel Further Information See Configuring Dial Services for further information and instructions on configuring X 25 over the D channel IPEX Local Switching and X 25 over the D Channel The most common implementation of X 25 over the D channel uses IP encapsulation of X 25 IPEX single node switching You configure IPEX on the backplane of a single router A normal IPEX configuration performs local X 25 switching and a circuitless IP network simulates an IP cloud See Appendix A Sample IPEX Configurations for instructions on configuring IPEX single node switching 117377 A Rev A 2 9 Chapter 3 Enabling X 25 Service This chapter describes how to enable X 25 service It assumes you have read Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager and l 2 Opened a configuration file Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file When you enable X 25 service you must configure a subset of X 25 parameters The Configuration Manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters If you want to edit these default values see Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters Enabling X 25 on an Interface To enable X 25 service 1 2 3 4 Select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling X 25 Select the X 25 Protocol Configure packet level parameters Add X 25 service records The following sections des
113. nction Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Max Idle min 2 except QLLC default is 0 0 to 999 minutes Specifies the maximum number of minutes that a virtual circuit can remain idle Once the Max Idle timer expires X 25 clears the circuit Point to Point connections do not use this parameter QLLC has a default of 0 for this parameter which disables the parameter When this parameter is disabled the circuit can remain up but idle indefinitely Use this parameter to minimize CPU and network overhead during periods of low datagram traffic PVCs do not use this parameter Accept the default value 2 or enter a timeout value within the specified range To disable this parameter enter a value of 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 17 Call Retry 60 10 to 999 Specifies the interval in seconds between call request packets the router sends to a specific destination If a call attempt fails the router waits the number of seconds this parameter specifies before sending another call request packet to the destination If the router receives any IP datagrams for this destination it drops them during this period Accept the default 60 or enter a call retry interval within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 18 117377 A Rev A 4 33 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instruc
114. nfiguration window select the circuit that you want to edit Edit the parameter values See IPEX Mapping Parameter Descriptions earlier in this chapter Click on Apply to save the new configuration Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Entries To delete an entry from the IPEX Mapping Table 1 2 3 In the Configuration Manager window select Protocols gt IPEX gt IPEX Mapping Table The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears Figure 6 5 Select the entry that you want to delete Click on Delete The system software deletes the entry you selected and the entry disappears from the list of IPEX Mapping Table entries in the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window 117377 A Rev A 6 21 Configuring X 25 Services Deleting IPEX from the Router T o delete IPEX globally begin at the Configuration Manager window and 1 Select IPEX Global Delete IPEX A window prompts Do you REALLY want to delete IP 2 Click on OK EX Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window IPEX is no longer configured on the router 6 22 117377 A Rev A Chapter 7 Editing QLLC Parameters This chapter describes how to configure QLLC parameters For each QLLC parameter this chapter gives the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object
115. ng equipment Defense Data Network Data Link Switching data terminal equipment front end processor Fiber Distributed Data Interface File Transfer Protocol High level Data Link Control Institute of Electrical Engineers Internet Protocol IP Encapsulation of X 25 Integrated Services Digital Network International Organization for Standardization International Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector formerly CCITT local area network Link Access Procedure 117377 A Rev A xvii Configuring X 25 Services LAPB LAPD LCN LLC M bit MAC MCTI MIB MTU NCP NPSI NUI OSI OSPF PAD PDN PDU PLP PPP PSN PtoP PVC Q bit QLLC RPOA SDLC SNA SNPA SVC TCP IP TEI VC Link Access Procedure Balanced Link Access Procedure on the D Channel logical channel number Logical Link Control More bit media access control Multichannel T1 management information base maximum transmission unit Network Control Program NCP Packet Switching Interface Network User Identification Open Systems Interconnection Open Shortest Path First packet assembler disassembler Public Data Network protocol data unit Packet Layer Protocol Point to Point Protocol packet switching network Point to Point permanent virtual circuit Qualified data bit Qualified Logical Link Control recognized private operating agencies Synchronous Data Link Control Systems Network Architecture Subnetwork Point of Attachment s
116. nother network service record by repeating steps 1 through 3 Enable bridging and routing services on the X 25 circuit You must choose SVC as your Service VC Type to enable bridging For further information about bridging and routing services see Configuring Bridging Services or Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager 3 12 117377 A Rev A Enabling X 25 Service e Edit the remaining X 25 network service parameters for which the default values are currently in effect see Chapter 4 Note If you selected IPEX in the Type parameter the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears when you click on OK in step 3 See Chapter 6 for instructions on configuring IPEX mapping parameters If you selected QLLC the QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window appears See Chapter 7 for instructions on configuring QLLC mapping parameters X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you configure the parameters in the X 25 Service window Parameter Type Default None Options PDN DDN I PtoP IPEX QLLC Function Specifies the type of X 25 service that this interface supplies e PDN for Public Data Network service e DDN for Defense Data Network service e PtoP for Point to Point network service IPEX for TCP IP Tunneling over X 25 e QLLC for Qualified Logical Link Control service Instructions Choose one of these network service types If you specify IPE
117. nter command names and buttons in menu paths Example Enter wfsm amp Example Use the dinfo command Example ATM DXI gt Interfaces gt PVCs identifies the PVCs button in the window that appears when you select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu italic text Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and book titles quotation marks Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Screen text Indicates data that appears on the screen Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters xvi 117377 A Rev A separator gt vertical line I Acronyms APPN BFE BofL CUG CUGOA DCE DDN DLSw DTE FEP FDDI FTP HDLC IEEE IP IPEX ISDN ISO ITU T LAN LAP About This Guide Separates menu and option names in instructions and internal pin to pin wire connections Example Protocols gt AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu Example Pin 7 gt 19 gt 20 Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the command The vertical line separates choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show at routes nets you enter either show at routes or show at nets but not both Advanced Peer to Peer Networking Blacker front end encryption Breath of Life message closed user group closed user group with outgoing access data circuit terminati
118. number identifies the logical channel portion of the circuit that connects the router and its DCE Virtual circuit number 000000000001 Logical channel 10000 X 25 PDN 20000 EI JL e 4 EI DCE DCE Router A Router B X250006A Figure 1 5 Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers 117377 A Rev A 1 9 Configuring X 25 Services The logical channel consists of a 4 bit logical channel group number concatenated with an 8 bit logical channel number The logical channel number identifies this circuit as the one that will carry all data transmitted between the router and the destination DTE when the connection to the destination X 121 address is established Establishing an SVC After Router A determines the destination X 121 address the two routers establish an SVC as follows 1 Router A uses the services of the packet layer protocol to generate a call request packet that it sends to Router B Along with various optional X 25 facilities the call request packet specifies the outgoing logical channel number Router A s X 121 address and Router B s X 121 address Figure 1 6 lt Logical channel group number lt Logical channel number o 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 4 Call request Source Destination X 121 length X 121 length De
119. or ASN routers the router automatically configures the LAPB protocol The Edit SYNC Parameters window includes an additional LAPB button To edit LAPB parameters 1 Click on the COM Connector for X 25 Interface 2 Choose Edit Line The Edit SYNC Parameters window opens 3 Click on the LAPB button The Edit LAPB Parameters window opens Fi rm mr Station Type Control field hee Al Creer Sire octets Hinds izr Bax MS Retries Haz T1 fikrumalethee Timer uera bna TF Arbkrnalesige Tiser ferrin Has TJ Hisrznnnect Timer ees WribtiaLe Link Setup cLinn Figure 5 1 Edit LAPB Parameters Window 4 Edit the LAPB parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide 5 2 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing LAPB Parameters Enable Enable Enable Disable Globally enables or disables LAPB services The router enables LAPB line services when you configure the X 25 protocol You can disable and reenable LAPB services on the interface without moving any physical cabling Select Disable to disable LAPB services 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 2 Station Type DTE DTE DCE DXE Identifies the station type that is whether the device is a DTE or DCE for this interface If your devi
120. otiation parameter is set to OFF To specify a nonstandard default packet size set to one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 43 Note The following parameters require you to specify logical channel number LCN value ranges for SVCs Each SVC channel you configure on the router must have a unique LCN There are three types of SVC channels incoming bidirectional and outgoing You must configure at least one SVC channel for X 25 to establish calls The total number of channels you configure cannot exceed 512 117377 A Rev A 4 9 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Number of PVC Channels None 0 to 512 Specifies the number of permanent logical channels for this interface Enter the number of permanent logical channels that you assign to this interface Configure PVC channels before you configure SVC channels 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 55 PVCLCN Start None 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number for the PVCs on this interface Enter a number in the range allowed Remember that PVC and SVC channel numbers cannot overlap If you are also configuring SVCs on this interface choose a small enough value for this parameter so that the last SVC channel numbe
121. ough 7 for MODS or 1 through 127 for MOD128 Specifies the window size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the X 121 or E 164 address in this service record Accept the default 2 or enter a window size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 20 Note Window size and packet size can affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting the Window Size or Packet Size parameter too low could cause the router to drop packets Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Packet Size 128 16 32 64 128 256 512 10241 2048 4096 Specifies the packet size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the remote X 121 or E 164 address in this service record Accept the default 128 or enter a packet size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 21 Note Do not set this parameter to a value greater than you specify for the packet level parameter Max Packet Length 117377 A Rev A 3 17 Configuring X 25 Services Adding X 25 Network Service Records to a Previously Configured Interface To add a new network service record to an existing X 25 interface begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Circuits Edit Circuits to display the Circuit List window 2 Select the X 25 interface to which you want to add network service records 3 Click on Edit to display the C
122. p Enable ENABLE Max Message Size 1600 Insert Called DTE Address ISABLE Figure 6 2 Edit IPEX Global Parameters Window 6 2 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters 2 Inthe Edit IPEX Global Parameters window accept or change the default values and click on OK to return to the Configuration Manager main window IPEX Global Parameter Descriptions This section describes the IPEX global parameters you can modify from the Edit IPEX Global Parameters window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Globally enables or disables IPEX Select Enable the default to activate IPEX on all interfaces Select Disable to deactivate IPEX on all interfaces Selecting this option when the Configuration Manager is in dynamic mode terminates all active IPEX sessions 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 1 2 Note When you create X 25 interfaces that use IPEX service the service is globally enabled automatically Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Message Size 1600 16 through 4096 bytes The maximum client message size that IPEX transports The value for this parameter cannot be larger than that for the Client Queue Size parameter and the software prevents you from assigning a value that is too large Accept the default or assign a value equal or less than that for the client queue size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18
123. parameter this chapter gives the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB see Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the parameter values you enter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Accessing IPEX Global Parameters After you have configured a network interface circuit for X 25 you can edit the configuration record to enable IPEX service on it Access the IPEX global parameters from the Protocols menu in the Configuration Manager window Figure 6 1 117377 A Rev A 6 1 Configuring X 25 Services i i I LE F Configuration Made Local See agent LOCAL FILE Fil Hime Aimi mm Mowe me tobe HIH Veraioni E I Lus t B ur i jarl rart Cirnu timu E mal Syn E Im ost mem Sotoa Respurce Module Figure 6 1 Configuration Manager Window Showing IPEX Protocols Menu 1 From the Protocols menu in the Configuration Manager window select IPEX Global The Edit IPEX Global Parameters window appears Figure 6 2 Cancel OK Values Hel
124. ping Table Configuration window appears Click on Add The IPEX Mapping Add window appears Click on the Values button and select PVC or SVC as the Source Connection Type 117377 A Rev A A 5 Configuring X 25 Services 14 15 16 17 18 19 Click on the Mapping Type parameter bar click on Values and choose End to End as the mapping type unless you must perform X 121 address translation Address translation is only possible in Local Mode Click on OK The IPEX Mapping Parameters window for PVC or SVC appears Enter a Source PVC LCN or an X 121 called address as appropriate In this example the address is 12345678 Enter the Remote IP Address In this example the address is 192 32 50 1 Enter the Remote TCP Port Number This is the destination TCP port number that receives the IPEX packets For this example enter 13000 for COMI Click on OK Click on Done You have completed the IPEX configuration for COMI Configuring the TCP Connection To configure the TCP connection 1 Repeat steps 1 to 13 in the previous section Configuring the PVC or SVC Connection but select a different COM port Click on the Values button and select TCP as the Source Connection Type Click on OK The IPEX Mapping Parameters window for TCP appears Enter the Local TCP port number In this example the number is 13000 Enter either PVC or SVC as the Destination Connection Type Click on OK Click on
125. plicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Bay Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Bay Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Bay Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Bay Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or related technical data or information
126. pment DCE DTEs include devices such as terminals hosts and routers DCEs include devices such as modems packet switches and other ports Figure 1 1 shows an X 25 network A DTE in this case Router A connects to a DCE in the PSN The PSN connects to another DCE and finally to another DTE Router B 117377 A Rev A 1 1 Configuring X 25 Services LNG CJ LJ Ll C Virtual circuit E Router A DTE Router B DTE X250001A Figure 1 1 X 25 Network To begin communication one DTE device for example a router calls another DTE to request a data exchange session The called DTE can accept or refuse the connection If the called DTE accepts the connection the two systems begin full duplex data transfer Either side can terminate the connection at any time Because Public Data Networks PDNs the most commonly used type of PSN typically use error prone analog lines the X 25 Protocol provides extensive error checking recovery and packet sequencing A DTE can be a device that does not itself implement X 25 In this case the DTE connects to a DCE through a packet assembler disassembler PAD which is a device that translates data into packet form X 25 and the OSI Model
127. pport 1 20 menu WAN Protocols 3 3 message boundary 1 20 message based protocol 1 19 Min Frame Spacing parameter default setting 2 5 MTU maximum transmission unit 1 20 MTU parameter default setting 2 5 multiplexing RFC 1356 2 6 3 15 Network Address Type parameter 3 6 4 7 Network Control Program Packet Switching Interface See NPSI network layer protocols 1 5 network service records adding 3 11 deleting 4 39 editing 4 25 network services Index 4 Blacker front end 1 6 DDN 1 6 IPEX 1 6 QLLC 1 6 X 25 Gateway 1 6 Network Standard parameter 4 24 Network User Identification parameter 4 17 NPSI 1 21 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels parameter 3 9 4 11 Number of Incoming SVC Channels parameter 3 8 4 10 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels parameter 3 9 4 12 Number of PVC Channels parameter 3 7 4 10 Number of PVC LCN parameter 3 16 6 7 O Open Systems Interconnection OSI Basic Reference Model 1 2 Options parameter 7 10 Outgoing Calls Accept parameter 4 18 Outgoing SVC LCN Start parameter 3 10 4 12 P Packet Layer Protocol See PLP Packet Size parameter 2 4 3 17 4 6 4 35 PAD packet assembler disassembler description of 1 2 parameters defaults C 1 editing 4 1 global Enable 4 3 IPEX Client Queue Size 6 18 Destination Connection Type 6 16 Destination X 121 Address 6 18 Enable global 6 3 Enable mapping 6 17 117377 A Rev A Idle Se
128. predictable results on any internally clocked line Clocking sources must be the same for each router that you connect back to back 2 2 117377 A Rev A Implementation Notes Packet level Parameters Max Window Size and Max Packet Length When you configure X 25 packet level parameters make certain to set the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters for peer routers to the same value if you also enable flow control If you do not the routers cannot perform network service level negotiations For QLLC and IPEX set Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters according to the values in the attached X 25 devices For example if you set the Max Window Size for Router A to 7 set the Max Window Size for peer Router B to 7 Similarly if you set the Max Packet Length for Router A to 512 set the Max Packet Length for peer Router B to 512 Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets You may want to configure these parameters at higher values than the default settings See Chapter 4 for information about how to access these parameters Flow Control Negotiation The Bay Networks implementation of X 25 enables the router to negotiate flow control which regulates the rate of data transfer among elements of a network to prevent congestion and overload For flow control negotiation
129. r PE EE EE FR Gade B 6 Bacon LEC NEWARK A B 8 viii 117377 A Rev A Appendix C X 25 Default Parameter Settings Appendix D IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes IPEX Originated Cause Code in Disconnect Request Packet sssssssss D 1 IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes in Clear Request Packet sssssssse D 1 IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes Due to TCP Error sesseeee D 1 X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Gear Rogues PE JA D 3 X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Restart Packets D 7 X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Diagnostic Packets D 8 X 25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Reset Packets D 9 Index 117377 A Rev A ix Figures gol a FAEN 1 2 Figure 1 2 OSI X 25 Correspondence annnnnnnnrnnnnnnvnnnnrrnnnnavnnnnnrrnnnnrnnnnnnreenrnnnnnnveeenn 1 3 Fige TS LAPE F RT eM 1 4 Figure 14 Sample 425 COonTEQUISEIGEL a2 oett nr e cara EO ooa abc n po a 1 8 Figure 1 5 Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers seess 1 9 Figure 1 6 X25 Call Request Packet Format scies etae museums 1 10 Figure 1 7 Setting Up an X 25 Call Connection sesssssssseeeee 1 11 Figure 1 8 Routing IP Traffic across the X 25 Network sssseeeeee 1 12 Figure 1 9 Sample Network Topology with TCP IP Tunneling and IPEX
130. r will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 56 Number of Incoming SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Specifies the number of switched logical channels that accept incoming calls only Enter the number of switched channels that you assign to incoming calls only on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 36 4 10 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 1 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to switched logical channels that accept incoming call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for PVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 37 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Specifies the number of switched logical channels that both accept incoming calls and transmit outgoing calls Enter the number of switched logical channels that you assign to both accept and transmit calls on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 38 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to bidirectional switched logical channels Enter a number g
131. rce or the destination connection type but not both must be TCP Figure 6 7 Source Connection Type Menu 8 After you select PVC SVC or TCP click on OK 117377 A Rev A 6 9 Configuring X 25 Services The IPEX Mapping Add window reappears and displays the connection type you have selected 9 Select the Mapping Type parameter and click on Values Select a mapping type from the menu that appears Figure 6 8 Use the parameter description that follows as a guide ms In Mapping Type LOCAL END TO END GATEWAY OK Cancel Figure 6 8 Mapping Type Menu 6 10 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Parameter Mapping Type Default End to End Options Local End to End Gateway Function Specifies whether facilities call user data M bit and Q bit support terminate locally or are passed end to end X 25 parameters that you configure at the packet and service record level determine which facilities are supported The last option is to configure X 25 Gateway services If you set this parameter to Local IPEX ports can support different packet sizes at each end You must also configure the Source X 121 Address parameter for an SVC source connection type and both Source and Destination X 121 Address parameters for a TCP source connection type If you configure End to End mapping assign to all IPEX ports the same packet and window size because different packet sizes impede M bit support
132. re multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service Select Enable if you want to multiplex traffic over a single virtual circuit Otherwise select Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 34 117377 A Rev A 3 15 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Service VC Type SVC SVCIPVC Specifies whether this service record applies to an SVC or a PVC Select the VC type that describes this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 36 Note You can enable bridging only with SVC Service VC Type Bridging does not work with PVCs Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions First PVC LCN 1 0 to 4095 Identifies the lowest PVC logical channel number for the interface Note that each PVC requires its own service record Enter the lowest PVC logical channel number 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 37 Number of PVC LCN 1 to 512 Specifies the total number of PVC logical channel numbers for the interface You must enter a value in this parameter if you want to use the Copy function to replicate your X 25 Gateway configurations see Configuring X 25 Gateway Services Enter the number of PVC LCNs on this interface 3 16 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service Window Size 2 1 thr
133. reater than the highest number reserved for Incoming SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 39 117377 A Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 0 0 to 512 Specifies the number of switched logical channels that transmit outgoing calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to outgoing calls only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 40 Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 1 to 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to switched logical channels that transmit outgoing call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for bidirectional SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 41 Use Default Service Configuration OFF ON OFF Creates default DDN service records for every DDN SVC on your network Select ON if you want to use default values for your DDN SVCs Refer to configuration instructions in Chapter 4 if you want to set this parameter to ON and still individually configure some of your DDN SVCs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 54 4 12 117377 A Rev A Parameter De
134. reliably across the access lines between the DTE and the DCE 117377 A Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol X 25 uses the Link Access Procedure Balanced LAPB protocol at the data link layer to Initialize the link between the DTE and the local DCE device e Frame X 25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE LAPB is a version of high level data link control HDLC which is an OSI standard Figure 1 3 shows a LAPB frame The LAPB Information field contains the X 25 data packet When an X 25 packet reaches the destination router the LAPB protocol strips away the LAPB frame and delivers the packet to the network layer for further processing Frame Flag Control Address Information check Flag sequence X250004A Figure 1 3 LAPB Frame 1 4 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers The implementation of the LAPB protocol on the AN and ASN routers and on BN and LN routers with an Octal Sync link module differs from that on other Bay Networks routers On the AN and ASN routers and BN and LN routers with Octal Sync LAPB is implemented in software in routers that use the QUICC 68360 driver You can configure LAPB line parameters for these routers For all other link modules LAPB is implemented in the hardware using the MK5025 chip and you cannot configure LAPB line parameters Note The different LAPB implementations result in t
135. s Specifies the interval in seconds at which the router will retransmit unacknowledged keepalive messages If you set the Idle Session Timer to 0 this timer s value has no impact If you set the Idle Session Timer to a value other than 0 and this timer is 0 the router does not send keepalive messages and the TCP session terminates when the idle session timer expires The time you set should be larger than the round trip network delay or retransmits will occur unnecessarily Accept the default or adjust to be longer than the round trip network delay 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 19 Keep Alive Retransmit Count 5 0 to 99 Specifies the number of unacknowledged keepalive messages that the router retransmits before the TCP session terminates If you set this parameter to 0 the router will send only one keepalive message Accept the default or adjust to meet requirements for the total time the router needs to detect that the peer connection has terminated The total time is the sum of the Idle Session Timer and the Keep Alive Retransmit Timer times the Keep Alive Retransmit Count 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 20 6 20 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Editing IPEX Mapping Table Entries To change an IPEX mapping table entry 1 In the Configuration Manager window select Protocols gt IPEX gt IPEX Mapping Table The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears Figure 6 5 In the IPEX Mapping Table Co
136. s a DTE device it encapsulates user data in X 25 format and transmits it across the network PVC Services PVCs work the same way as SVCs except that you configure permanent mappings for PVCs while SVCs create mappings each time a call occurs You create permanent mappings by assigning the appropriate PVC LCN in the adjacent host record for the specified protocol The PVC LCN value can not be numerically equal to any SVC remote X 121 address that is configured in an adjacent host record for the same protocol and on the same next hop interface Configuring X 25 PVCs for IP IPX and DECnet Enter a PVC LCN value in the Adjacent Host Address parameter 117377 A Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Configuring X 25 PVCs for OSI Enter a PVC LCN value in the SNPA parameter Note X 25 PVCs do not work with XNS SVC Services To demonstrate how Bay Networks X 25 services work for SVCs the following sections explain how Router A which is configured for X 25 PDN services routes data from IP end station 1 1 1 2 over the X 25 network to IP end station 3 1 1 2 Refer to Figure 1 4 as you read the next sections X 25 PDN 1 1 1 1E 10000 EX 2 4 1 1 gt DCE DCE Router A 1 1 1 2 IP network Lj 3 1 1 2
137. sing set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 29 4 22 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Acceptance Format Basic 2 Basic 2 Allext 255 Defext 128 Specifies the call accept packet format as follows Basic is Basic call accept packet format ALLEXT is Extended call accept packet format JDEFEXT specifies that when an incoming call does not include facilities a default Basic call accept packet format is used Select the appropriate call accept packet format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 30 Release Format Basic 2 Basic 2 Allext 255 Defext 128 Specifies the format of the call clear packet as follows Basic is Basic call clear packet format ALLEXT is Extended call clear packet format DEFEXT specifies that when an incoming call does not include facilities a default Basic call clear packet format is used Select the appropriate call clear packet format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 31 117377 A Rev A 4 23 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CCITT Conformance DXE1988 DXE1980 DXE 1984 DXE 1988 FDSEL 1980 FDSEL 1984 FDSEL 198
138. ss DTE DTE DCE Specifies the local command or response address which is the DTE or DCE value expressed as a single octet Enter DTE for the DTE address or enter DCE for the DCE address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 18 5 6 117377 A Rev A Editing LAPB Parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID WAN Protocol Standard Standard X 25 Specifies the WAN protocol you want on this interface Do not change this value Use the Circuit List window to change the protocol 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 20 Network Link Type NET2 GOSIP NET2 Sets the link type used with the X 25 network hardware Select NET2 or GOSIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 39 Idle RR Frames Off Onl Off Enables or disables the transmission and reception of RR frames during periods when there are no information frame exchanges When this parameter is set to On an RR is transmitted when no traffic is present on the physical media Select On or Off 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 8 1 40 117377 A Rev A 5 7 Chapter 6 Editing IPEX Parameters This chapter describes how to configure IPEX global parameters Check these parameters to make sure that IPEX is installed e IPEX mapping parameters which you use to configure tunneling For each IPEX
139. ssion Timer 6 19 Insert Called DTE Address global 6 4 Keep Alive Retransmit Count 6 20 Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 6 20 Local TCP Port 6 15 Mapping Type 6 11 Max Message Size global 6 3 Remote IP Address 6 15 Remote TCP Port Number 6 15 Source Connection Type 6 9 Source PVC LCN 6 14 Source X 121 Address 6 17 X 121 Called Address 6 14 X 25 Call User Data 6 19 LAPB Command Response Address 5 6 Control Field 5 3 Enable 5 3 Enable Rx Tx of XID 5 6 Idle RR Frames 5 7 Initiate Link Setup Action 5 6 Max N1 Frame Size 5 4 Max N2 Retries 5 4 Max T1 Acknowledge Timer 5 5 Max T2 Acknowledge Timer 5 5 Max T3 Disconnect TImer 5 5 Network Link Type 5 7 Station Type 5 3 WAN Protocol 5 7 Window Size 5 4 network service record Broadcast 4 31 Call Retry 4 33 Connection ID 3 15 4 29 CUG Facility Format 4 38 CUG Facility Type 4 38 CUG Number 4 39 DDN BFE 4 36 Enable 4 28 Enable 1356 Multiplexing 3 15 4 31 Enable Compression 4 31 Fast Select Accept 4 35 Fast Select Request 4 35 First PVC LCN 3 16 6 6 117377 A Rev A Flow Facility 2 4 4 34 Max Connections 2 2 4 32 Max Idle Mins 4 33 Number of PVC LCN 3 16 6 7 Packet Size 2 4 3 17 4 35 Precedence 4 32 PVC LCN 4 29 Remote IP Address 3 14 4 30 Remote X 121 Address E 164 Address 3 14 Remote X 121 E 164 Address 4 30 7 3 Reverse Charge Accept 4 36 Reverse Charge Request 4 36 Service VC Type 3 16 4 29 Type
140. stablishes a QLLC session with the 3174 117377 A Rev A 1 21 Configuring X 25 Services QLLC Mapping The QLLC software matches the MAC address that DLSw recognizes to the X 121 address that X 25 recognizes It also translates the data into a format that the receiving X 25 device can comprehend To use QLLC you must assign a virtual MAC address to the X 25 device and map that MAC address to the device s X 121 address You must also assign a virtual X 121 address to the DLSw device and map that address to the DLSw device s MAC address This mapping sets a path for forwarding data between an X 25 VC and a specific remote DLSw device QLLC requires one mapping entry for each VC Appendix B OLLC Configuration Examples shows examples of QLLC network topologies Adjacent and Partner Devices Bay Networks QLLC uses the terms adjacent and partner to describe the X 121 and MAC addresses that map to each other These terms are relative to the interface that runs the QLLC X 25 software The Adjacent X 121 DTE DCE device connects to the interface that is running the QLLC X 25 software either directly or indirectly It maps to that device s Adjacent MAC address The Partner X 121 DTE DCE device connects through the DLSw network It maps to that device s Partner MAC Address In Figure B 1 Appendix B for example Router A connects to the SNA mainframe through the X 25 network so the mainframe is an adjacent device The PC t
141. stination X 121 address Source X 121 address Facilities length Facilities Data X250007A Figure 1 6 X 25 Call Request Packet Format When the local DCE receives Router A s call request the DCE forwards it across the X 25 network where it is eventually routed to Router B Router B checks the called address for a match to its configured X 121 address It also checks the calling address for a match to the remote X 121 address configured in the service record 117377 A Rev A X 25 Overview 4 Ifitfinds both matches it accepts the call and responds with a call accept packet that establishes the virtual connection between the two routers When the SVC is established the router can transmit and receive data Figure 1 7 1 Send request X 25 PDN Call request DCE DCE Incoming call Router A Router B 2 Establish connection X 25 PDN Call confirm DCE DCE Pep Router A Router B 3 Encapsulate and transmit data X 25 PDN User data DCE DCE User data gt Router A Router B X250008A Figure 1 7 Setting Up an X 25 Call Connection Transmitting Data After Router B establishes the circuit data travels between end stations 1 1 1 2 and 3 1 1 2 as follows 117377 A Rev A 1 11 Configuring X 25 Services 1
142. stination connection for this TCP source connection Instructions Choose the value that applies to your network MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 8 Note Either the source or the destination connection type but not both must be TCP Parameter Destination PVC LCN Default None Options 1 to 4095 Function Specifies the PVC LCN that you map to the TCP connection The port monitors the X 25 calls for this LCN to initiate the connection Instructions This window appears only if you chose PVC as your source connection type Enter the LCN of the PVC for this IPEX connection 6 16 117377 A Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Additional Mapping Parameters You can access the following parameters in the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables a particular IPEX mapping entry on this interface Select Enable the default to activate this IPEX mapping entry Select Disable only if you want to deactivate this mapping entry When you select Disable you eliminate all active IPEX sessions established with this mapping entry 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 2 Source X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the calling X 121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X 25 call packet You config
143. t You use the Type parameter with PTOP service only Assign a unique connection ID for each X 121 connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 11 117377 A Rev A 4 29 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies a destination IP address that is reachable over this X 25 interface This parameter is not used with Point to Point service You must specify a remote IP address if you plan to enable IP on this interface For DDN services the router translates the remote IP address you specify into an X 121 address so that it can route IP traffic over the network For PDN services the router uses the remote IP address you specify to define an adjacent host for the IP interface Enter a 32 bit destination IP address in dotted decimal notation If you run OSI over DDN you must also enter this IP address in the SNPA field of the OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration window To enter this value in the SNPA field you must convert the IP address into X 121 format Refer to Configuring OSI Services for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 13 Remote X 121 E 164 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies a destination X 121 address You must specify a destination X 121 address if you are configuring PDN or Point to Point s
144. t mask used to enable logging of internal QLLC messages and events You can add values and enter the sum to enable multiple message groups Enabling this parameter has a small impact on router performance You may want to disable this parameter after you are sure that the configuration works Instructions Accept the default Disable or enable the type of debugging that you want on your network MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 8 1 14 117377 A Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Editing or Deleting QLLC Mapping Table Entries To change a QLLC mapping table entry 1 In the Configuration Manager window select Circuits gt Edit Circuits The Circuit List window appears Select the circuit you want to edit Click on Edit The Circuit Definition window appears Select X 25 Protocol Service The X 25 Service Configuration window appears Select QLLC The QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window appears Select a mapping table entry and change the appropriate parameters If you want to delete a mapping table entry select it and click on Delete Click on Apply to save the new configuration Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 7 12 117377 A Rev A Appendix A Sample IPEX Configurations IPEX Mapping Example This sample configuration for IPEX mapping parameters Figure A 1 illustrates two X 25 terminals that use X 25 TCP IP Tunneling
145. tes statistics Set this parameter to Enable or Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 49 Client Response Timer 120 1 to 999 seconds Specifies the client application response timeout period in seconds to allow for extended delays that can occur negotiating with remote clients This timer must have a value greater than that for the T3 Timer parameter and less than the value for the T2 Timer parameter We recommend that you accept the default value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 57 Editing X 25 Network Service Records To edit the parameters for an existing X 25 network service record begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits The Circuit List window appears Select an X 25 interface then click on Edit The Circuit Definition window appears Select X25 Protocol Service The X 25 Service Configuration window appears Figure 4 4 It lists all currently defined network service records 117377 A Rev A 4 25 Configuring X 25 Services X 25 DDN Slot 5 COM1 Cct amp 15 No 1 LETE Default DDN Add Delete Apply Values Help Enable Type DDN Service VC type PVC LCN Connection ID Remote IP Address Figure 4 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a DDN Network 4 Select the network service record you want to edit 5 Edit the network service parameters that you want to change using the parameter descriptions that follow as guid
146. tion X 121 or E 164 address if you are configuring PDN QLLC or Point to Point services If you are configuring DDN services the router derives this address from the remote IP address Enter a destination X 1210r E 164 address up to 15 decimal digits that is reachable over this X 25 interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 12 3 14 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service Connection ID 1 to 255 Identifies each circuit to its remote destination You can have multiple Point to Point circuits configured to the same X 121 destination Each of them requires a unique connection ID Assign the same connection ID to both the local and remote configurations for each circuit You use the Connection ID parameter with PtoP service only Assign a unique connection ID for each X 121 connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 11 Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Disable If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for any of the other protocols opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol Bay Networks advises multiplexing only when you configu
147. tions MIB Object ID Flow Facility Default Negot Default Enables or disables the X 25 flow control facility on each virtual circuit If you enable this parameter calls the router transmits to the remote X 121 address in this service record will contain flow control You must also enable the flow control facility at the packet layer To enable flow control facility negotiations set this parameter to Negot 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 19 Window Size 2 1 to 7 for MODS or 1 to 127 for MOD128 Specifies the window size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the X 121 address in this service record Accept the default 2 or enter a window size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 20 Note Window size and packet size can affect packet throughput across the gt X 25 network Setting the Window Size or Packet Size parameter too low could cause the router to drop packets 4 34 117377 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Packet Size 128 16 132 64 128 1256 512 1024 2048 4096 Specifies the packet size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the remote X 121 address in this service record Accept the default 128 or enter a packet size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 21 Note Do not set this parameter to a value gr
148. to Back rrnrrrnnrvrnnrrnarrrnnrrrrsrrrnnrrsnsrrrnrrrssrnnnnens 2 2 Packet level Parameters Max Window Size and idm deas Mm Re UTE 2 8 oe MN sake 2 3 CGontigurmg LAPB foran AN Or ASN T idae 2 4 Gonfiguring Synchronous Lines WIE X 25 siue esci mor mca maim 2 5 DDN Default Service Record na FRE m RT See 2 5 RFO 1396 MURIPIEXING e 2 6 FR PN aai T D S 2 8 N25 Er ISDN POSE seeriaid TOT adkednrdsedet pinne PETEA 2 8 vi 117377 A Rev A IPEX and X 25 over the ISDN D Channel ertt ater nux rint 2 8 Regureme ms and EWDLSBORE usi decisa ani A aee perdu NAASES 2 8 Using Regular ISDN and X 25 over the ISDN D Channel sese 2 9 Sa Wl gp cu NE EE EE 2 9 IPEX Local Switching and X 25 over the D Channel Te 2 9 Chapter 3 Enabling X 25 Service Enablim x25 on a EE aiara icr paco Od Fa atia d D d oa dnd Rob e Kd RE 3 1 ufj egnsp sehn UR 3 2 Gonfiguring X 25 Packet level Parameters 1 ere na ti seme e aa eda dr ns 3 4 X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions rrmnnvrrnrrrnnnvnvvvrrnnvnnvernrnnennverennnenverrrnnen 3 5 Adding 4 25 Newark Service Recorde i2uccuccccasdcciscisikecesusacbtere cebat dett oner a aarin 3 11 X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions sss 3 13 Adding X 25 Network Service Records to a Previously Configured Interface iso rime ener ema mri n nr ns 3 18 Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters Editing the X 25 Global P
149. trol 117377 A Rev A and DLSw 1 21 configuration examples B 1 configuring 7 1 description of 1 20 mapping 1 22 mapping table 7 2 parameters coordinating X 25 packet size with DLSw frame size 1 23 QLLC Mapping Parameters window 7 5 QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window 7 4 Qualified Logical Link Control See QLLC Release Format parameter 2 3 4 23 Remote Addr parameter default setting 2 5 Remote IP Address parameter 3 14 4 30 6 15 Remote TCP Port Number parameter 6 15 Remote X 121 E 164 Address parameter 3 14 4 30 7 3 Restart Procedure Type parameter 4 8 Reverse Charge Accept parameter 4 19 4 36 Reverse Charge Request parameter 4 36 Reverse Charging parameter 4 19 RFC 1356 multiplexing 2 6 3 15 RPOA Selection parameter 4 21 S sending data across X 25 WAN 1 11 Sequence Size parameter 4 8 Service parameter default setting 2 5 Service VC Type parameter 3 16 4 29 single node switching A 4 socket 1 15 1 18 Source Connection Type parameter 6 9 Source PVC LCN parameter 6 14 Source X 121 Address parameter 6 17 Statistics Computation parameter 4 25 117377 A Rev A stream protocol TCP 1 19 SVCs switched virtual circuits and IPEX 1 13 definition of 1 7 switching single node A 4 Sync Polling parameter default setting 2 5 synchronous line parameters default settings 2 5 1 T1 Timer parameter 4 13 T2 Timer parameter 4 13 T3 Timer parameter 4 13
150. u set the Default DDN parameter to ON the default values apply to all SVCs but if you then edit an individual SVC values that you assign to that SVC apply RFC 1356 Multiplexing Bay Networks supports RFC 1356 multiplexing RFC 1356 defines a standard for multiprotocol encapsulation over X 25 networks Bay Networks implements RFC 1356 for IP OSI IPX DECnet and XNS This means you can use Bay Networks routers at one end of a connection and equipment from another vendor that also supports RFC 1356 for these protocols at the other end of the connection Multiplexing enables you to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit Bay Networks advises multiplexing when you configure multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service You enable multiplexing by setting the Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for IPX DECnet and XNS opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol The default setting is Disable See Figures 2 1 and 2 2 for illustrations of Null and Normal Encapsulation 2 6 117377 A Rev A Implementation Notes 1010001 LON 1 1010002 ECC SL 5 IP IPX DECnet LAN x235 t SL ej LAN
151. ublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Bay Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Bay Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Bay Networks and properly installed and operated on Bay Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Bay Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Bay Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Bay Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Bay Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment This warr
152. ure this parameter only when the source connection is type TCP the destination connection is type SVC and only when you set the Mapping Type parameter to Local Enter the calling X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The source address is based on where the call originated Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 9 117377 A Rev A 6 17 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Destination X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the called X 121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X 25 call packet You configure this parameter only when the source connection is type TCP the destination connection is type SVC and only when you set the Mapping Type parameter to Local Enter the called X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The destination address depends on the network device to which this circuit is connected Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 10 Client Queue Size The larger of TCP Max Window Size or IPEX Max Message Size usually 4096 16 to 8192 bytes Specifies the size in bytes of the IPEX queues used for buffering data between TCP and X 25 The value of this parameter must be at least as large as that of the Maximum Message Size parameter and the
153. vnnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnennen A 4 Figure Bd Upstream COLLO OG auo cibis dane aaa eani d o bod nn brune B 3 Figure B 2 Downstream OLLO MetWOK saei puces te beet ne Eo casn ERE ater RS B 5 Figure pa B JO Neon obe caito dk eee GG Re Sc en bcd B 7 Figure B 4 X 25 Backbone QLLC Network es B 8 xii 117377 A Rev A Tables Table 2 1 X 25 Packetlevel Parameters eese idee niinniin 2 3 Table 2 2 X 25 Service Record Parameters essere 2 4 Table 2 3 Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X 25 sssssssss 2 5 Table 4 1 Parameter Settings for Flow Control Negotiation sssse 4 15 Table 4 2 User Facilities and Codes I E mS EAT E E E E TETE 4 37 DETT A29 Global Parametr varar in C 1 Table C 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters rrrrrnnrrorronernnarnnrsnnnnnnnrrvrvennennsnnannnnnnnnenr C 1 Table C 3 X 25 Network Service Record Parameters Tm C 4 Table C 4 LAPE PE 1st p c Pret EDI eyes Dea bor a C 5 Table C 5 PES Global Paremielels sso second taco p eei ERR nda da dues drain dad lg C 5 Table C 6 FE Pee C 6 Tablet QUE PaSEHTIBIBEB aasasnsodaitien niii e lico de D a eg ool at C 7 117377 A Rev A xiii About This Guide If you are responsible for configuring X 25 you need to read this guide parameters If you want to Go to Start X 25 on a router and get it running with default settings for Chapter
154. witched virtual circuit Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Terminal Equipment Type 1 virtual circuit xviii 117377 A Rev A About This Guide Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from Bay Networks Press at the following numbers e Phone U S Canada 888 422 9773 e Phone International 510 490 4752 e FAX U S Canada and International 510 498 2609 The Bay Networks Press catalog is available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library GenMisc Bay Networks publications are available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library tpubs Bay Networks Customer Service You can purchase a support contract from your Bay Networks distributor or authorized reseller or directly from Bay Networks Services For information about or to purchase a Bay Networks service contract either call your local Bay Networks field sales office or one of the following numbers Region Telephone number Fax number United States and 800 2LANWAN then enter Express 508 916 3514 Canada Routing Code ERC 290 when prompted to purchase or renew a service contract 508 916 8880 direct Europe 33 4 92 96 69 66 33 4 92 96 69 96 Asia Pacific 61 2 9927 8888 61 2 9927 8899 Latin America 561 988 7661 561 988 7550 Information about customer service is also available on the World Wide W
155. without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway P O Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIR
156. wo different LAPB management information bases MIBs This means that if you copy an existing configuration from a Bay Networks router that uses the MK5025 chip to the AN or ASN or the BN or LN with Octal Sync the configuration may not work because the location of the LAPB MIB is different When you configure X 25 you automatically set up LAPB For information about editing LAPB parameters refer to Chapter 5 Editing LAPB Parameters Network Layer The network or packet layer establishes the virtual circuit VC and provides procedures for call establishment data transfer flow control error recovery and call clearing The router uses the network layer to determine destination X 121 addresses and to specify which user configurable X 25 facilities the network layer supports See Determining the X 121 Destination later in this chapter for more information about X 121 addresses The X 25 Protocol defines how the DTE and its respective DCE communicate and exchange data The X 25 network transmits data over virtual circuits between each source and destination on the network Because as many as 128 VCs can exist on the same physical link at the same time multiple devices can share the bandwidth of the transmission line sending data in multiple packets from the source to the destination X 25 Service Types The Bay Networks router transmits data across five types of X 25 network services 117377 A Rev A 1 5 Configuring
157. x13 Not applicable packet in state p5 0x18 P2_remote_clearing state receives CALL CCALL CCLR invalid Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p6 DCE 0x19 P2_remote_clearing state receives CALL CCLR CCALL invalid Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state p7 DTE 0x20 P2_local_calling state watch T2 expired Local procedure error 0x13 Call connected dog timer expired 0x31 P2_local_clearing state T1 expired Local procedure error 0x13 Clear confirm watch dog timer 1st expired 0x32 P2 SVC setup state T1 expired Local procedure error 0x13 Reset confirm watch dog timer 2nd expired 0x33 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Unidentifiable packet 0x21 33 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Too short packet 0x26 38 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Too long packet 0x27 39 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Nonzero LCN 0x29 41 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Not applicable packet in state px 0x13 px continued 117377 A Rev A IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes Error Condition Cause Code Diagnostic Code Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13 Improper cause code from DTE 0x51 82 Error in PLP2 Local procedure error 0x13

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