Home

Moxa UC-7408

Contents

1. Setting Explanation 0 use channels 1 to 11 1 use channels 1 to 11 2 use channels 1 to 13 3 use channels 10 11 4 use channels 10 to 13 3 use channel 14 6 use channels 1 to 14 7 use channels 3 to 9 WirelessMode Sets the wireless mode Setting Explanation 0 11b g mixed 1 11b only 2 11g only SSID Sets the softAP SSID Setting Any 32 byte string 2 10 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started NetworkType Sets the wireless operation mode Setting Explanation Infra Infrastructure mode uses access points to transmit data Adhoc Adhoc mode transmits data from host to host Channel Sets the channel Setting Explanation 0 auto 1 to 14 the channel you want to use AuthMode Sets the authentication mode Setting OPEN SHARED WPAPSK WPANONE EncrypType Sets encryption type Setting NONE WEP TKIP AES DefaultKeyID Sets default key ID Setting 1to4 Key1Str Key2Str Key3Str Key4Str Sets strings Keyl to Key4 Setting The keys can be input as 5 ascii characters 10 hex numbers 13 ascii characters or 26 hex numbers TxBurst WPA pre shared key Setting 8 to 64 ascii characters WpaPsk Enables or disables TxBurst Setting Explanation 0 disable 1 enable UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started TurboRate
2. sees 2 15 Developing Your First Application ii 2 15 Testing Environment 33 51 INIRE UIS DA 2 15 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Appendix A Compiling tCD82 C iode daniela et eid 2 16 Uploading tcps2 release and Running the Program eee 2 17 Testing Procedure Summaty esc reet eere ERR Reged 2 20 Managing Embedded Linux errare 3 1 System Version Information iii 3 2 System Image Backup br eaae e RR E D tee ala e ii 3 2 Upgrading the Firtnware z uem e eed ga i etd 3 2 Loading Factory D taults toe teet np tend 3 5 Enabling and Disabling Daemons i 3 5 Settings the Run Level tc fai ioe asics aio ar rae 3 8 Adjusting the System Time 0 28 node eee tute aa etn ret E A EE 3 9 Setting th Time Manually 5 i t mE a Rt perm b tens 3 9 NFP CeT ii elenina Sq PB Rd anal 3 10 Updating the Time Automatically ii 3 10 Cron daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands i 3 11 Connecting Peripherals ins ara ian Loader 3 11 CE Mass Storage s E 3 11 Managing Communications 1arsrrrriceiee ieri 4 1 Telnet ETP 5er Duo rp Pre eren REP annie a mun E 4 2 DNS une Lage eH Aged due ansi 4 2 Web Service Apaclie osare nta AE ce D pee a PET e tle ala 4 3 Saving a Web Page to the CF Card 4 5 IPTABISES AE Uere ape EE eim 4 6
3. Apache WWW Server daemon nfsd Network File System Server daemon 3 5 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Type the command ps ef to list all processes currently running root Moxa cd etc root Moxa etc ps ef PID Uid VmSize Stat Command root 1296 init root keventd root lefstoneieatiate fe EIZO root kswapd root bdflush root kupdated root mtdblockd root khubd FOOT Jers scyercl secs root aly q eV Ny telstra root root root root root nobody S S S S S S S S S D S ixp425 ixp0 S stdef S 3xp425 3xpl S usr sbin inetd S usr sbin httpd S usr sbin httpd nobody 9 sr SDI hEtod nobody S usr sbin httpd nobody S usr sboim httpod nobody S lusr sbimnm hbtod pin S sbin portmap 104 root S usr sbin rpc statd 108 root S usr sbin snmpd s 1 dev null TIO root S usr sbin snmptrapd s IS TOGE S Sbin cardmgr 143 root S pusr sbim rpc nfsd 145 root S lusr sbim Eper mounta 152 ect S usr sbin sshd 160 root S bin reportip 161 root S bin massupfirm 162 root S sbin getty 115200 ttyS01 IGS TOGE S sbin getty 115200 ttyS1 166 root S bin massupfirm 167 oct S bin massupfirm T1 T0 uot S usr sbin sshd Iyi TECE S bash AsO Ole S ps ef root Moxa ect To run a private daemon you can edit the file rc local as follows cd etc rc d dvi rc local root Moxa cd etc rc d root Moxa et
4. UC 7408 LX CPU Intel XScale IXP422 266 MHz RAM 128 MB Flash 32 MB LAN Auto sensing 10 100 Mbps x 2 LAN Protection Built in 1 5 KV magnetic isolation DI DO 8 ch digital input 8 ch digital output TTL 3 3V Serial Ports Eight RS 232 422 485 ports RS 232 signals TxD RxD DTR DSR RTS CTS DCD GND RS 422 signals TxD TxD RxD RxD GND 4 wire RS 485 signals TxD TxD RxD RxD GND 2 wire RS 485 signals Data Data GND Serial Protection 15 KV ESD for all signals Data bits 5 6 7 8 Stop bits 1 1 5 2 Parity None even odd space mark Flow Control RTS CTS XON XOFF Speed 50 bps to 921 6 Kbps Serial Console PPP RS 232 x 1 RJ45 USB 1 1 Client 1 PCMCIA PCMCIA type I II socket x 1 Compact Flash CompactFlash type I II socket x 1 Real Time Clock Yes Buzzer Yes LEDs Serial x 8 Console PPP x 1 PWR x 1 Ready x 1 LAN 10 100 x 2 Power input 12 48 VDC Power Consumption 8W Dimensions 197 x 125 x 44 mm Gross Weight 870g Operating temperature 10 to 60 C 14 to 140 F 5 to 95 RH 40 to 75 C 40 to 167 F for T models Storage temperature 20 to 80 C 4 to 185 F 5 to 9596 RH 40 to 85 C 40 to 185 F for T models 1 3 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Regulatory Approvals EMC FCC Class A CE Class A Safety UL CUL TUV Warranty 5 years Hardware Introdu
5. Testing Procedure Summary Compile tcps2 c make Upload and run tcps2 release in the background tcps2 release amp Check that the process is running jobs or ps ef Use a serial cable to connect PC1 to UC 7408 s serial port 1 Use an Ethernet cable to connect PC2 to UC 7408 On PCI If running Windows use HyperTerminal 38400 n 8 1 to open COMn On PC2 Type telnet 192 168 3 127 4001 On PCI Type some text on the keyboard and then press Enter NOUO SOON UA 1 IS On PC2 The text you typed on PCI will appear on PC2 s screen The testing environment is illustrated in the following figure However note that there are limitations to the example program tcps2 c PC 1 PC2 tcps2 c Serial Rx Buffer LAN Rx Buffer lt 2 20 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started NOTE The tcps2 c application is a simple example designed to give users a basic understanding of the concepts involved in combining Ethernet communication and serial port communication However the example program has some limitations that make it unsuitable for real life applications The serial port is in canonical mode and block mode making it impossible to send data from the Ethernet side to the serial side i e from PC 2 to PC 1 in the above example 2 The Ethernet side will not accept multiple connections 2 21 3 Managing Embedded Linux This chapter includes information abou
6. etc init d networking restart NOTE After changing the IP settings use the networking restart command to activate the new IP address Modifying Network Settings over the Network IP settings can be activated over the network but the new settings will not be saved to the flash ROM without modifying the file etc network interfaces For example type the command ifconfig ixp0 192 168 1 1 to change the IP address of LANI to 192 168 1 1 ER PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 N0ne 8 1 V T100 B DI xi Profile Edit PortManager Window Help 4 BIA sos xoa ET COM1 115200 None 8 1 T100 root Moxa ifconfig ixpO 192 168 1 1 LI root Moxa StateOPEN Em mm cT EPs Configuring the WLAN via the PCMCIA Interface IEEE802 11b The following IEEE802 11b wireless modules are supported NDC NWHI1010 Senao NL 2511CD PLUS F200 Senao NL 2511CD PLUS EXT2 MERCURY ETSI Senao NI3 2511 CD PLUS3 DARK DKW11 330HP DARK XI 330H Planex PCI GW NS11H Corega CG WLPCCL 11 To configure the WLAN for IEEE802 1 1b 1 Unplug the PCMCIA Wireless LAN card first 2 Configure the Wireless LAN card s default IP setting profile Default IP address is 192 168 5 127 netmask 255 255 255 0 Edit network opts with the following command to edit Wireless LAN s default setting vi etc pcmcia network opts 2 7 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Use LHCF vie sbin dhcpcd sbin dhclien
7. ping 192 168 4 174 A successful ping indicates that you have created a VPN system that only allows authorized users from one internal network to access users at the remote site For this system all data is transmitted by UDP packets on port 5000 between OpenVPN peers 8 To shut down OpenVPN programs type the command killall TERM openvpn 4 25 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Setup 2 Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on the Same Subnet 1 Setup four machines as shown in the following diagram local net eth1 192 168 2 173 eth0 192 168 2 171 eth0 192 168 8 173 Internet ixp0 192 168 8 174 eth0 192 168 2 172 ixp1 192 168 2 174 local net 2 The configuration procedure is almost the same as for the previous example The only difference is that you will need to comment out the parameter up in etc openvpn A tap0 br conf and etc openvpn B tapO br conf Setup 3 Routed IP 1 Setup four machines as shown in the following diagram local net eth1 192 168 2 173 eth0 192 168 2 171 eth0 192 168 8 173 Internet ixp0 192 168 8 174 eth0 192 168 4 172 ixp1 192 168 4 174 local net 4 26 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication 2 Create a configuration file named A tun conf and an executable script file named A tun sh point to the peer remote 192 168 8 174 dev tun secret etc openvpn secrouter key ci
8. r dev net tun then create a device file if there is none mknod dev net tun c 10 200 fi load modules tun and bridge mname tun module up mname bridge module up create an ethernet bridge to connect tap devices internal interface brctl addbr br0 brctl addif br0 iface the bridge receives data from any port and forwards it to other ports i expr 0 while do generate a tap0 interface on tun openvpn mktun dev tap i connect tap device to the bridge brctl addif br0 tap i null ip address of tap device ifconfig tap i 0 0 0 0 promisc up i expr i 1 if i ge maxtap then break fi done null ip address of internal interface ifconfig iface 0 0 0 0 promisc up enable bridge ip ifconfig br0 IPADDR netmask NETMASK broadcast BROADCAST ipf proc sys net ipv4 ip_forward enable IP forwarding echo 1 gt ipf echo ip forwarding enabled to cat ipf stop echo shutdown openvpn bridge ifcfg_vpn i expr 0 while do disconnect tap device from the bridge brctl delif br0 tap i openvpn rmtun dev tap i 4 23 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication i expr i 1 if i ge maxtap then break fi done brctl delif br0 iface brctl delbr br0 ifconfig br0 down ifconfig iface IPADDR netmask NETMASK broadcast BROADCAST killall TERM openvpn case 1 in start start 7 stop stop restart
9. root Moxa date hwclock Sat Jan 1 00 00 36 CST 2000 Sat Jan 1 00 00 37 2000 0 772941 seconds root Moxa ntpdate time stdtion gov tw 9 Dec 10 58 53 ntpdate 207 step time server 220 130 158 52 offset 155905087 9 84256 sec root Moxa hwclock w root Moxa date hwclock Mani Dec SY 10 sur 2004 Thu Dec 9 10 59 12 2004 0 844076 seconds root Moxa NOTE Before using the NTP client utility check your IP and DNS settings to make sure that an Internet connection is available Refer to Chapter 2 for instructions on how to configure the Ethernet interface and see Chapter 4 for DNS setting information Updating the Time Automatically In this subsection we show how to use a shell script to update the time automatically Example shell script to update the system time periodically bin sh ntpdate time nist gov You can use the time server s ip address or domain name directly If you use domain name you must enable the domain client on the system by updating etc resolv conf file hwclock systohc sleep 100 Updates every 100 seconds The min time is 100 seconds Change 100 to a larger number to update RTC less often Save the shell script using any file name E g fixtime How to run the shell script automatically when the kernel boots up Copy the example shell script fixtime to directory etc init d and then use chmod 755 fixtime to change the shell script mode Next use vi editor to e
10. Enables or disables TurboRate Setting Explanation 0 disable 1 enable BGProtection Sets 11b 11g protection this function is for engineering testing only Setting Explanation 0 auto 1 always on 2 always off ShortSlot Enables or disables the short slot time Setting Explanation 0 disable 1 enable TxRate Sets the TxRate Setting Explanation Auto 1 Mbps 2 Mbps 5 5 Mbps 11 Mbps 6 Mbps 9 Mbps 12 Mbps 18 Mbps 24 Mbps 36 Mbps 48 Mbps 12 54 Mbps OLWOIALNI NAIR wl Nnfyes oe jai j RTSThreshold Sets the RTS threshold Setting 1 to 2347 FragThreshold Sets the fragment threshold Setting 256 to 2346 2 12 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Test Program Developing Hello c In this section we use the standard Hello programming example to illustrate how to develop a program for UC 7408 In general program development involves the following seven steps Step 1 A Connect UC 7408 to a Linux PC Step 2 Install Tool Chain GNU Cross Compiler amp glibc Step 3 Set the cross compiler and glibc environment variables Step 4 Code and compile the program Step 5 Download the program to UC 7408 Via FTP or NFS Step 6 Debug the program If bugs are found return to Step 4 gt If no bugs are found continue with Step 7 Step 7 Back up the user director
11. MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 Listen 80 User nobody Group nobody ServerAdmin root localhost ServerName localhost DocumentRoot mnt had Step 3 Use the following commands to restart the Apache web server cd etc init d apache restart 4 5 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Step4 Open your browser and connect to the UC 7408 by typing the current LANI IP address in the browser s address box HTMLA Test Suite Mozilla Firefox File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Help 3 D g PN D 1tp 192 168 3 1277 v Q amp GL Getting Started EI Latest Headlines HTML4 Test Suite Contents 1 HTML Test Suite Documentation Documentation for the HTML4 01 Test Suite 2 HTML Test Suite Assertions Assertions from the W3C HTML 4 01 Specification 3 HTML Test Suite Tests Tests created to test assertions from the W3C HTML 4 01 Specification Feedback regarding the HTML4 Test Suite should be sent to www html testsuite w3 org The HTML4 Test Suite is an effort of the World Wide Web Consortium based on a contribution Copyright Microsoft Corporation All Rights Reserved 2002 from Microsoft on aj behalf of Microsoft Corporation Openwave Systems Inc and America Online Inc W3 Copyright 2002 2003 W3C MIT ERCIM Keio All Rights Reserved W3C liability trademark document use and softvare licensing rules apply NOTE Visit the Apache website at http httpd
12. define DIO OK 0 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide The definition for DIN and DOUT define DIO HIGH 1 define DIO LOW 0 int set dout state int doport int state Description To set the DOUT port to high or low state Input int doport which DOUT port you want to set Port starts from 0 to 7 int state to set high or low state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Output none Return reference the error code int get din state int diport int state Description To get the DIN port state Input int diport get the current state of which DIN port Port numbering is from 0 to 7 int state save the current state Output state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Return reference the error code int get dout state int doport int state Description To get the DOUT port state Input int doport getthe current state of which DOUT port int state save the current state Output state DIO HIGH 1 for high DIO LOW 0 for low Return reference the error code int set din event int diport void func int diport int mode long int duration Description Set the event for DIN when the state is changed from high to low or from low to high Input int diport the port that will be used to detect the DIN event Port numbering is from 0 to 7 void func int diport Not NULL Returns the call back function When the event occurs the call back function will be i
13. 1smod modprobe ip_tables modprobe iptable filter Use lsmod to check if the ip tables module has already been loaded in the UC 7408 Use modprobe to insert and enable the module Use the following command to load the modules iptable filter iptable mangle iptable nat modprobe iptable filter NOTE IPTABLES plays the role of packet filtering or NAT Take care when setting up the IPTABLES rules If the rules are not correct remote hosts that connect via a LAN or PPP may be denied access We recommend using the Serial Console to set up the IPTABLES Click on the following links for more information about iptables http www linuxguruz com iptables http www netfilter org documentation HOWTO packet filtering HOWTO html Since the IPTABLES command is very complex to illustrate the IPTABLES syntax we have divided our discussion of the various rules into three categories Observe and erase chain rules Define policy rules and Append or delete rules Observe and erase chain rules Usage iptables t tables L n t tables Table to manipulate default filter example nat or filter L chain List List all rules in selected chains If no chain is selected all chains are listed n Numeric output of addresses and ports iptables t tables FXZ F Flush the selected chain all the chains in the table if none is listed X Delete the specified user defined chain Z Set the packet and byte coun
14. NAT LL A RERUM Eme 4 10 NAT Example rano anal aL A i 4 11 Enabling NAT at Bootup ccccccccsscorssescenscenscsscesseessesecsseseneseeceesconsensseesconscnteens 4 11 Diab p ServiCe PDP insuper pete Re ERR TRE ER PETER ERAETRDEIRHE 4 12 PPPOE 1 0988288 aurem Un Ie Sub Dd mei eb 4 15 NES Network File System 3 tenete nto ede Apo a ae e RS 4 17 Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Server i 4 18 Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Client eese 4 19 Mall Aslan iii HB EP IIO B PER IRE 4 19 SNMP orrn 2 rin e e oni t E anale leali 4 20 Open VDN 2 re t aep a e teu RO Ate Ge qt ttes 4 21 Programmer s Gulge acid io custodi eagle 5 1 Flash Memory Map tien ER E ttu eA 5 2 Linux Tool Chain Introduction ie onini oet te a Knei ene 5 2 Debugging with GDB tas eee dete aaa ail e De ade ite ee 5 5 Device APT sent e edere ett e P E P e ers 5 5 RTC Real Time Clock aaa aaa a 5 5 Buzzer doe RU ille ail israel gal 5 6 WDT Watch Dog Timer riali it 5 6 UART iecit tede ete t lata ni pe e eet eben 5 10 Digital O oso ROBO ee ee 5 11 Make Bile Exatiple cosechas ette lettere ton Edere reb court 5 18 System Gornitnaris oae iaia ia A 1 Linux normal command utility collection nennen A 1 File manager isc areali aloni inant AE A 1 Bditot ssn a A Lie ea diario cedes A 1 1 Introduction Welcome to Moxa UC 7408 a data acquisition embedded computer that features 8 RS 232 422 485 serial ports dua
15. first try re check the serial and IP settings and then unplug and re plug UC 7408 s power cord SSH Console UC 7408 supports an SSH Console to offer users with better security options Windows Users Click on the link http www chiark greenend org uk sgtatham putty download html to download PuTTY free software to set up an SSH console for UC 7408 in a Windows environment The following figure shows a simple example of the configuration that is required DX Pal TY Configuration Category Session Basic options for your PuTTY session Logging Specify your connection by host name Terminal Host Name Port Keyboard 192 168 3127 22 Bell Protocol window C Raw Iene Rlogn SSH Appearance Translation Load save or delete a stored session Selection Saved Sessions Colours UC 7408 Console Setting Connection Telnet Default Settings Load Rilogin UC 7408 Console Setting SSH Tunnels Delete Save Close window on exit C Always Never Only onclean exit Cancel 2 4 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Linux Users NOTE From a Linux machine use the ssh command to access UC 7408 s Console utility via SSH ssh 192 168 3 127 Select yes to complete the connection root8bee notebook root ssh 192 168 3 127 ia aric gsimei eiie e ao dL redisse Sho dbz I SIR Sod Wy erue qe joey eiee esne RSA key apsbaretencqeycsbiawe sig digerire era a OA lae elo diam Hilo gi
16. stop start 7 echo Usage 0 start stop restart exit 1 esac exit 0 Create link symbols to enable this script at boot time ln s etc openvpn openvpn bridge etc rc d rc3 d S32vpn br for example ln s etc openvpn openvpn bridge etc rc d rc6 d K32vpn br for example 4 Create a configuration file named A tap0 br conf and an executable script file named A tap0 br sh on OpenVPN A point to the peer remote 192 168 8 174 dev tap0 secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 up etc openvpn A tap0 br sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev bro d end Create a configuration file named B tap0 br conf and an executable script file named B tap0 br sh on OpenVPN B point to the peer remote 192 168 8 173 dev tap0 secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 up etc openvpn B tap0 br sh UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev bro d end Note Select cipher and authentication algorithms by specifying cipher and auth To see
17. the GDB debug tool NOTE If you get an error message at this point it could be because you neglected to put tcps2 c and tcpsp c in the same directory The example Makefile we provide is set up to compile both tcps2 and tcpsp into the same project Makefile Alternatively you could modify the Makefile to suit your particular requirements Uploading tcps2 release and Running the Program Use the following commands to use FTP to upload tcps2 release to the UC 7408 1 From the PC type ftp 192 168 3 127 Next use the bin command to set the transfer mode to Binary and the put command to initiate the file transfer ftp gt bin ftp gt put tcps2 release 2 17 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started root serverll lst_application ftp 192 168 3 127 COMO 68 3 127 220 Moxa FTP server Version wu 2 6 1 2 Mon Nov 24 12 17 04 CST 2003 ready 530 Please login with USER and PASS 530 Please login with USER and PASS KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type Name 192 168 3 l27 rO0t root 331 Password required for root Password 230 User root logged in Remote ssi per Jefig binary mode to transfer files E ftp bin 200 Type set to I ftp9e mut tcps2 release local tcps2 rerease remove topsz release 277 Entering Passive Mode 192 168 3 127 82 253 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for tcps2 release 226 Transfer complete 4996 bytes sent in 0 00013 seconds 3 9e 04 Kbytes s mejo die 227 Ent
18. with algorithms are available type openvpn show ciphers openvpn show auths 5 Start both of OpenVPN peers openvpn config A tap0 br conf amp openvpn config B tap0 br conf amp If you see the line Peer Connection Initiated with 192 168 8 173 5000 on each machine the connection between OpenVPN machines has been established successfully on UDP port 5000 6 Oneach OpenVPN machine check the routing table by typing the command route Destination Gateway Genmsk Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192 168 4 0 s 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 brO 192 168 2 0 t 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 brO 192 168 8 0 i 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 ixpO Interface ixp1 is connected to the bridging interface br0 to which device tap0 also connects whereas the virtual device tun sits on top of tap0 This ensures that all traffic from internal networks connected to interface ixp1 that come to this bridge write to the TAP TUN device that the OpenVPN program monitors Once the OpenVPN program detects traffic on the virtual device it sends the traffic to its peer 7 To create an indirect connection to Host B from Host A you need to add the following routing item route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev ethO To create an indirect connection to Host A from Host B you need to add the following routing item route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 dev eth0 Now ping Host B from Host A by typing
19. 255 0 U 0 0 0 ixpl 192 168 8 0 255 255 255 0 U 0 0 0 ixpO 4 27 Programmer s This chapter includes important information for programmers The following functions are covered in this chapter Flash Memory Map Linux Tool Chain Introduction Debugging with GDB Device API RTC Real Time Clock Buzzer WDT Watch Dog Timer UART Digital I O Make File Example OOOOCKOOOOOD UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Flash Memory Map NOTE Partition sizes are hard coded into the kernel binary To change the partition sizes you will need to rebuild the kernel The flash memory map is shown in the following table Address Size Contents 0x00000000 0x0005FFFF 384 KB Boot Loader Read ONLY 0x00060000 0x0015FFFF 1 MB Kernel object code Read ONLY 0x00160000 0x0055FFFF 4 MB Mini root file system EXT2 Read ONLY 0x00560000 0x01F5FFFF 26 MB User root file system JFFS2 Read Write 0x01F60000 0x01FBFFFF 384 KB Not used 0x01FC0000 0x01 FDFFFF 128 KB Boot Loader configuration Read ONLY 0x01FE0000 0xO1FFFFFF 128 KB Boot Loader directory Read ONLY Mount the user file system to mnt usrdisk with the root file system Check to see if the user file system was mounted correctly If user file system is okay the kernel will change the root file system to mnt usrdisk If the user file system is not okay the kernel will use the default M
20. 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 3 255 embedded ethernet LANZ iface ixpl inet static address 192 168 4 127 network 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 4 255 4 SO a gab lace eth0 inet static address 192 168 5 127 network 192 168 5 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 5 255 ple ethernet card se Broadcast and gateway are optional etc network interfaces line 1 of 162 0 StateOPEN ARR SES i be UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started 3 Additional WLAN parameters are contained in the file RT2500S TA dat To open the file navigate to the RT2500STA folder and invoke vi or type the following command vi etc Wireless RT2500STA RT2500STA dat to edit the file with vi editor Setting options for the various parameters are listed below the figure E PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 None 8 1 T100 Profile Edit Port Manager Window Help 4 BA c 2 ex x 2B 11 1 0 Be 100 s Default or amp CountryRegion 0 ers twirelessMode 0 SSID any etuorkType Infra paPsk abcde fghijklmnopgrstuvwuxyz TXBurst 0 TurboRate 0 GProtection 0 ShortSlot 0 TxRate 0 RTSThreshold 231z FragThreshold 2312 SMode CAM etc Wireless RTZ500STA RTZ500STA dat line 1 of 34 2 State OPEN ss Bet Sr Bee ERTESIEETNETENET CountryRegion Sets the channels for your particular country region
21. 88 sisi 888 gss Lll sg sg sss 88 sf gs sgg S888 sg 8 88 SESH sss g si gss 88 seg sf gg ff 5s si g si ff 88 888 s oss si 898 FF ss ss g BERS g 88 si f g sso ss 8 gss ELELEE ss si g gg gfs 88 sassi g sg ss 888 88 si sgg Sis ses 8 ss Li 8 88 St 8 88 8 si 8 88 ssssst go sssess Bassotti SHES SESSSSSSSSS S29995 For further information check peee sora ca ount user file system root Moxa E StaeOPEN M Em TT ES To log in type the Login name and password as requested The default values are both root Login root Password root UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Telnet Console If you know at least one of the two IP addresses and netmasks then you can use Telnet to connect to UC 7408 s console utility The default IP address and Netmask for each of the two ports are given below Default IP Address Netmask LAN1 192 168 3 127 255 255 255 0 LAN2 192 168 4 127 255 255 255 0 Use a cross over Ethernet cable to connect directly from your PC to UC 7408 You should first modify your PC s IP address and netmask so that your PC is on the same subnet as one of UC 7408 s two LAN ports For example if you connect to LAN 1 you can set your PC s IP address to 192 168 3 126 and netmask to 255 255 255 0 If you connect to LAN 2 you can set your PC s IP address to 192 168 4 126 and netmask to 255 255 255 0 To connect to a hub or switch connected t
22. CD into your PC and then issue the following commands mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom rpm ivh mnt cdrom mxscaleb 3 3 2 6 i1386 rpm Wait for a few minutes while the Tool Chain is installed automatically on your Linux PC Once the host environment has been installed add the directory usr local mxscaleb bin to your path and the directory usr local mxscaleb man to your manual path You can do this temporarily for the current login session by issuing the following commands export PATH usr local mxscaleb bin PATH export MANPATH usr local mxscaleb man PATH Alternatively you can add the same commands to HOME bash_profile to cause it to take effect for all login sessions initiated by this user 5 2 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Obtaining help Use the Linux man utility to obtain help on many of the utilities provided by the tool chain For example to get help on the armv5b linux gcc compiler issue the command man armv5b linux gcc Cross Compiling Applications and Libraries To compile a simple C application just use the cross compiler instead of the regular compiler mxscaleb gcc o example Wall g 02 example c mxscaleb strip s example mxscaleb gcc ggdb o example debug example c Tools Available in the Host Environment Most of the cross compiler tools are the same as their native compiler counterparts but with an additional prefix that specifies the target system In the case of x86 envir
23. Profile Edit PortManager Window Help 4 BA ge s s en sia None 8 1 V T100 2 done root Moxa etc init df df h org Filesystem Size Used Available Use Mounted on ars dev mtdblocks3 26 0M 9 0M 17 0M 35 26 0M 9 0M 17 0M 35 2 0M 40 0k 1 8M 2 var 62 1M 0 62 1M 0 dev shm root Moxa etc init df State OPEN Em mm c mm Eerie Z If there isn t enough Available space for your application you will need to delete some existing files To do this connect your PC to the UC 7408 with the console cable and then use the console utility to delete the files from UC 7408 s flash memory NOTE If the flash memory is full you will need to free up some memory space before saving files to the Flash ROM Compiling Hello c The UC 7408 CD contains several example programs Here we use Hello c as an example to show you how to compile and run your applications Type the following commands from your PC to copy the files used for this example from the CD to your computer s hard drive cd tmp mkdir example cp r mnt cdrom example tmp example To compile the program go to the Hello subdirectory and issue the following commands cd example hello make You should receive the following response root localhost hello make usr local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb gcc o hello release hello c usr local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb strip s hello release usr local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb gcc ggdb o hello de
24. Rate 921600 Divisor ENUM 8 Target Baud Rate 100 E g To calculate 500000 bps Divisor 1 ENUM 7 Inaccuracy 1 796 The Inaccuracy should less than 2 for work reliably Special Note 1 If the target baud rate is not a special baudrate e g 50 75 110 134 150 200 300 600 1200 1800 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 230400 460800 921600 the termios cflag will be set to the same flag 2 If you use tty to get the serial information you will get speed equal to 0 Digital I O Digital Output channels can be set to high or low The channels are controlled by the function call set_dout_state The Digital Input channels can be used to detect the state change of the digital input signal The DI channels can also be used to detect whether or not the state of a digital signal changes during a fixed period of time This can be done by the function call set din event Moxa provides 5 function calls to handle the digital I O state change and event handling Application Programming Interface Return error code definitions define DIO ERROR PORT 1 no such port define DIO SBROR MODE no such mode or state define DIO ERROR CONTROL 3 open or ioctl fail define DIO ERROR DURATION 4 The value of duration is not 0 or not in the range 40 lt duration lt 3600000 milliseconds 1 hour define DIO ERROR DURATION 20MS 5 The value of duration must be a multiple of 20 ms
25. SNMP API Application Interface POSIX Socket Secure Socket Protocol Stack TCP IP UDP CMP ARP HTTP SNMP SMTP Device Driver PCMCIA CF WLAN UART RTC DI DO Microkernel Memory control Schedule Process Hardware RS 232 422 485 Ethernet PCMCIA CompactFlash DI DO UC 7408 s Flash ROM is partitioned into Boot Loader Linux Kernel Mini Root File System and User Root File System partitions In order to prevent user applications from crashing the Root File System UC 7408 uses a specially designed Mini File System with Protected Configuration for emergency use This Mini File System comes with serial and Ethernet communication capability for users to load the Factory Default Image file The Mini File System will only be activated if the boot loader fails to load the User Root File System UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction User AP User Directory Mini Root File System User Configuration Configuration E Linux Kernel amp Root Boot Loader HW To improve system reliability UC 7408 has a built in mechanism that prevents the system from crashing The procedure is as follows When the Linux kernel boots up the kernel will mount the root file system and then enable services and daemons During this time the kernel will start searching for system configuration parameters via rc or inittab Normally the kernel uses the User Root File System to boot up the system The Mini Root File System is protected a
26. Server e Show the NFS Server s export list HOST IP address or DNS address Steps 2 amp 3 mkdir p home nfs public mount t nfs NFS Server IP directory mount point Example mount t nfs 192 168 3 100 home public home nfs public smtpclient is a minimal SMTP client that takes an email message body and passes it on to an SMTP server It is suitable for applications that use email to send alert messages or important logs to a specific user Click on the following link for more information about smtpclient http www engelschall com sw smtpclient 4 19 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication SNMP To send an email message use the smtpclient utility which uses SMTP protocol Type smtpclient help to see the help message Example smtpclient s test f sender icompany com S IP address receiver icompany com lt mail body message s The mail subject f Sender s mail address S SMTP server IP address The last mail address receiver company com is the receiver s e mail address mail body message is the mail content The last line of the body of the message should contain ONLY the period character You will need to add your hostname to the file etc hosts UC 7408 has built in SNMP V1 Simple Network Management Protocol agent software It supports RFC1317 RS 232 like group and RFC 1213 MIB II The following simple example allows you to use an SNMP browser on the host si
27. data compression inside the file system design support for hard links The key features of JFFS2 are Targets the Flash ROM Directly Robustness Consistency across power failures No integrity scan fsck is required at boot time after normal or abnormal shutdown Explicit wear leveling Transparent compression UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Although JFFS2 is a journaling file system this does not preclude the loss of data The file system will remain in a consistent state across power failures and will always be mountable However if the board is powered down during a write then the incomplete write will be rolled back on the next boot but writes that have already been completed will not be affected Additional information about JFFS2 is available at http sources redhat com jffs2 jffs2 pdf http www linux mtd infradead org Software Package Boot Loader Redboot V1 92 Kernel MontaVista embedded Linux 2 4 18 Protocol Stack ARP PPP CHAP PAP IPv4 ICMP TCP UDP DHCP FTP SNMP VI HTTP NTP NFS SMTP SSH 1 0 2 0 SSL Telnet PPPoE OpenVPN File System JFFS2 NFS Ext2 Ext3 VFAT FAT OS shell command bash Busybox Linux normal command utility collection Utilities tinylogin login and user manager utility telnet telnet client program ftp FTP client program smtpclient email utility scp Secure file transfer
28. dgram udp wait root bin discard discard stream tcp nowait root bin discard telnet stream tcp nowait root bin telnetd ftp stream tcp nowait root bin ftpd 1 Disabling the Telnet ftp server Disable the daemon by typing in front of the first character of the row to comment out the line UC 7408 supports DNS client but not DNS server To set up DNS client you need to edit three configuration files etc hosts etc resolv conf and etc nsswitch conf etc hosts This is the first file that the Linux system reads to resolve the host name and IP address etc resolv conf This is the most important file that you need to edit when using DNS for the other programs For example before you using ntpdate time nist goc to update the system time you will need to add the DNS server address to the file Ask your network administrator which DNS server address you should use The DNS server s IP address is specified with the nameserver command For example add the following line to etc resolv conf if the DNS server s IP address is 168 95 1 1 nameserver 168 95 1 1 10 120 53 100 Purry root Moxa etc cat resolv conf resolv conf This file is the resolver configuration file See resolver 5 nameserver 192 168 1 16 nameserver 168 95 1 1 nameserver 140 115 1 31 nameserver 140 115 236 10 root Moxa etc etc nsswitch conf This file defines the sequence to resolve the IP address by using etc hosts file
29. flash on and off when Ethernet packets 8 ne are being transmitted or received Connecting to a Serial Device Use properly wired serial cables to connect UC 7408 to serial devices UC 7408 s serial ports P1 to P8 use 8 pin RJ45 connectors The ports can be configured by software for RS 232 RS 422 or 2 wire RS 485 The precise pin assignments are shown in the following table Pin RS232 RS 422 RS 485 ITTITITI 1 DSR z 1 2 RTS TXD La 3 GND GND GND 4 TXD TXD a 5 RXD RXD Data 6 DCD RXD Data 7 CTS 8 DTR m m Connecting to the Console Port UC 7408 s console port is an 8 pin RJ45 RS 232 port The port can be used to connect to the console utility from a remote console via a V90 or GPRS modem with PPP protocol The pin definition is the same as for the serial ports P1 to P8 For normal data acquisition applications you should connect to UC 7408 s serial ports P1 to P8 via a V90 or GPRS modem If you would like to use the console port for normal data acquisition applications you can set the Console port to startup via PPP protocol For details refer to Dial up Service PPP section in Chapter 4 The PCMCIA slot supports the CardBus Card 32 Card standard and 16 bit PCMCIA 2 1 JEIDA 4 2 Card standard It supports 3 3V 45V and 12V at a working voltage of 120 mA Wireless LAN card expansion is optional
30. lt pthread h gt include moxadevice h ifdef DEBUG define dbg printf x printf x else define dbg_printf x endif define DURATION_NUM 7 define TEST_NUM 10 static int ndin StateChangeDetected ndout StateChangeDetected static int nDuration static unsigned long duration 2 DURATION NUM 50 40 35 30 25 20 15 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 KKK KKK KKK KK KK KIKI KKK KKK KK HK KKK IKK AAA KK KKK KI IAA AAA AIA AA KKK KK KKK When the din state changed form high to low this function will be invoked HK KK ke ke ee IK KK KKK IK KK e e he IK KK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK IKK ke ke KI KK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK static void low2highevent int diport ndin StateChangeDetectedt dbg printf din state changed d n ndin_StateChangeDetected Vb b b b E IKK KKK KK KK KKK KK HK KKK KK KK AAA He He He AAA AAA AAA AA AAA AIA AAA AAA AIA This function is used to exchange the dout state periodically HK KKK ke ee IK KK ke he IK HK ke hehe ke HK ke ke hehe ke HK kk e He He ke ke ke ede He He ke ke ede He He He He e iii KK KKK void dout control int signo int state get dout state 0 amp state dbg printf dout state changed d n state if state exchange the dout state periodically ndout StateChangeDetected t set dout state 0 0 else set dout state 0 1 void dio test function void t struct itimerval value int j i nChoice struct timeval tv
31. much free space is available in each block root Moxa df h Filesystem Size Used Available Use Mounted on dev mtdblock3 26 0M 8 9M 17 1M 34 dev mtdblock3 26 0M 8 9M AME dev ram2 2m 0M 40 0k TESI PES tmpfs 62 1M 0 62 1M 0 dev shm root Moxa upramdisk root Moxa df h Filesystem Size Used Available Us dev mtdblock3 26 0M 8 9M DALH 4 dev mtdblock3 26 0M 8 9M 17 1M 4 dev ram2 2 0M 40 0k TESI 23 var tmpfs 62 IM 0 62 1M 0 dev shm dev raml 29 0M 13 0k 27 5M 0 mnt ramdisk root Moxa cd mnt ramdisk root Moxa mnt ramdisk Mounted on 3 3 The following instructions give the steps required to save the firmware file to UC 7408 s RAM disk and then upgrade the firmware 1 Type the following commands to enable the RAM disk upramdisk cd mnt ramdisk 2 Type the following commands to use UC 7408 s built in FTP client to transfer the firmware file uc7408 x x x frm from the PC to UC 7408 mnt ramdisk gt ftp destination PC s IP Login Name xxxx Login Password xxxx ftp bin ftp get uc7408 x x x frm root Moxa mnt ramdisk ftp 192 168 3 193 Connected L92 Sieh Sis NCIS LSA 5 ail tens 5 S 5 d SIS o 220 TYPSOf t FIP Server 1 10 ready Name ASEM SISSA root 331 Password required for root Password 230 User root logged in Remote system type is UNIX Using binary mode to transfer files ftp gt cd newsw 250 CWD command successful C ftproot newsw is cu
32. or etc resolv conf 4 2 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Web Service Apache The Apache web server s main configuration file is etc apache httpd conf with the default homepage located at usr www html index html Save your own homepage to the following directory usr www html Save your CGI page to the following directory usr www cgi bin Before you modify the homepage use a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explore or Mozilla Firefox from your PC to test if the Apache Web Server is working Type the LANI IP address in the browser s address box to open the homepage E g if the default IP address is still active type http 192 168 3 127 in address box Test Page for the Apache Web Server on MontaVista Linux Mozilla Firefox File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Help a d E O D rtno1683127 v 9 GL Getting Started E Latest Headlines Test Page This page is used to test the proper operation of the Apache Web server after it has been installed If you can read this page it means that the Apache Web server installed at this site is working properly If you are the administrator of this website You may now add content to this directory and replace this page Note that until you do so people visiting your website will see this page and not your content If you are a member of the general public The fact that you are seeing this page indicates that the website you ju
33. pppO 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo 0 0 0 0 129 67 1 165 0 0 0 0 UG 0 0 6298 pppO If your output looks similar but doesn t have the destination 0 0 0 0 line which refers to the default route used for connections you may have run pppd without the defaultroute option At this point you can try using Telnet ftp or finger bearing in mind that you ll have to use numeric IP addresses unless you ve set up etc resolv conf correctly Setting up a Machine for Incoming PPP Connections This first example applies to using a modem and requiring authorization with a username and password pPPd dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem 192 168 16 1 192 168 16 2 login auth You should also add the following line to the file etc ppp pap secrets wor 4 14 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication The first star lets everyone login The second star lets every host connect The pair of double quotation marks is to use the file etc passwd to check the password The last star is to let any IP connect The following example does not check the username and password pPPd dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem 192 168 16 1 192 168 16 2 PPPoE How to use PPPoE on UC 7408 1 Update two files usr sbin pppd and usr lib pppd 2 4 1 pppoe so on the target UC 7408 for version V1 5 or earlier versions Copy the files from the web or CD ROM and directly update it by the copy command or FTP 2 Connect UC 7408 s LAN port
34. the WDT works The sWatchDog is enabled when the system boots up The kernel will auto ack it The user application can also enable ack When the user does not ack it will let the system reboot Kernel boot User application running and enable user ack The user API The user application must include lt moxadevic h gt and link moxalib a A makefile example is shown below all mxscaleb gcc o xxxx xxxx c lmoxalib int swtd open void Description Open the file handle to control the sWatchDog If you want to do something you must first to this And keep the file handle to do other Input None Output The return value is file handle If has some error it will return O value You can get error from errno 5 6 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide int int swtd enable int fd unsigned long time Description Enable application sWatchDog And you must do ack after this process Input int fd the file handle from the swtd open return value unsigned long time The time you wish to ack sWatchDog periodically You must ack the sWatchDog before timeout If you do not ack the system will be reboot automatically The minimal time is 50 msec the maximum time is 60 seconds The time unit is msec Output OK will be zero The other has some error to get the error code from errno swtd disable int fd Description Disable the application to ack sWatchDog And the kernel will be auto ack it User d
35. to an ADSL modem with a cross over cable HUB or switch 3 Login to the UC 7408 as the root user 4 Edit the file etc ppp chap secrets and add the following username hinet net password Secrets for authentication using CHAP u La 4 ID asia Ww CL bere ret r auurc5ses username hinet net password chap secrets line 1 of 3 33 username hinet net is the username obtained from the ISP to log in to the ISP account password is the corresponding password for the account 4 15 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication 5 Edit the file etc ppp pap secrets and add the following usernameGhinet net password H password if you don t use the login option of pppd The mgetty Debian package already provides this option make sure you don t change that INBOUND connections Every regular user can use PPP and has to use passwords from etc passwd i username hinet net password UserIDs that cannot use PPP at all Check your etc passwd and add any other accounts that should not be able to use pppd guest hostname TT master hostname x root hostname support hostname stats hostname OUTBOUND connections Here you should add your userid password to connect to your providers via PAP The means that the password is to be used for ANY host you connect to Thus you do not have to worry about the foreign machine name Just replace passwor
36. will be call to change the dout state value it value tv sec duration 1 nDuration 1000 value it value tv usec duration 1 nDuration 1000 1000 value it interval value it value setitimer ITIMER REAL amp value NULL Test for dout kept in the same frequency but din set for different duration for i 0 i lt DURATION_NUM i if duration 1 i lt duration 1 nDuration reset these counters ndin StateChangeDetected 0 ndout StateChangeDetected 0 printf DI duration d DO duration d n duration 1 i duration 1 nDuration set din event 0 low2highevent DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH duration 1 il while ndout StateChangeDetected TEST NUM pause printf ndin StateChangeDetected d ndout StateChangeDetected d Wn ndin StateChangeDetected ndout StateChangeDetected printf loss detection probability f n ndout StateChangeDetected ndin StateChangeDetected 100 0 nd out StateChangeDetected end of for i 0 i DURATION NUM i while 1 pthread exit NULL void init sigaction void t struct sigaction act act sa handler dout control 5 17 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide act sa flags 0 sigemptyset amp act sa mask sigaction SIGALRM amp act NULL int main int argc char argv EET dio_test init_sigaction set_dout_state 0 0 set the DOUTO as high set din event 0 low2highevent DIN EVENT L
37. with 9 or kill without option or Ctrl c the kernel will change to auto ack the sWatchDog When your application enables the sWatchDog and does not ack your application may have a logical error or your application has made a core dump The kernel will not change to auto ack This can cause a serious problem causing your system to reboot again and again User application example Example 1 include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt string h gt include lt moxadevice h gt int main int argc char argv int fd fd swtd open if fd lt 0 printf Open sWatchDog device fail n exit 1 swtd_enable fd 5000 enable it and set it 5 seconds while 1 do user application want to do swtd ack fd UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide swtd close fd exit 0 The makefile is shown below all mxscaleb gcc o xxxx xxxx c lmoxalib Example 2 include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt signal h gt include lt string h gt include lt sys stat h gt include lt sys ioctl h gt include lt sys select h gt include lt sys time h gt include lt moxadevice h gt static void mydelay unsigned long msec struct timevaltime time tv_sec msec 1000 time tv_usec msec 1000 1000 select 1 NULL NULL NULL amp time static int swtdfd static int stopflag 0 static void stop swatchdog s
38. with a GNU cross compiler without needing to modify the source code All of the necessary device drivers such as a PCMCIA Wireless LAN module and Buzzer control are also included with UC 7408 The Operating System device drivers and the software you develop for your own application can all be stored in UC 7408 s Flash memory Package Checklist UC 7408 LX Data acquisition embedded computer with 8 serial ports 8 digital input and 8 digital output channels dual Ethernet PCMCIA CompactFlash Linux OS UC 7408 is shipped with the following items UC 7408 Wall Mounting Kit DIN Rail Mounting Kit UC 7408 Quick Installation Guide UC 7408 Documentation amp Software CD Cross over Ethernet cable CBL RJ45M9 150 150 cm 8 pin RJ45 to Male DB9 serial port cable CBL RJ45F9 150 150 cm 8 pin RJ45 to Female DB9 console port cable Power Adaptor Product Warranty Booklet NOTE Notify your sales representative if any of the above items is missing or damaged 1 2 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Product Features Intel XScale IXP422 266 MHz Processor On board 128 MB RAM 32 MB Flash ROM Eight RS 232 422 485 serial ports Separate 8 ch digital input and 8 ch digital output Dual 10 100 Mbps Ethernet PCMCIA CompactFlash wireless LANexpansion supports 802 11b 802 11g Linux ready communication platform Robust fanless design DIN Rail or wall mounting installation Product Hardware Specifications
39. 1 115200 None 8 1 T100 n s f See the interfaces 5 manpage for information on what options are org available ers LEERE EEEE EEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE E EEEE EEEE EEE EEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EES f We always want the loopback interface auto ixpO ixpl lo iface lo inet loopback iface ixpO inet static address 192 168 3 127 network 192 168 3 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 3 255 address 192 168 4 127 network 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 4 255 f An example ethernet card setup broadcast and gateway are optional s m Insert StateOPEN mm mm m mm EE Dynamic IP addresses By default UC 7408 is configured for static IP addresses To configure one or both LAN ports to request an IP address dynamically replace static with dhcp and then delete the address network netmask and broadcast lines Default Setting for LANI Dynamic Setting using DHCP iface ixpO inet static iface ixp0 inet dhcp address 192 168 3 127 network 192 168 3 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 broadcast 192 168 3 255 sa HE Profile Edit PortManager Window Help a BIA alaale 2B E 11 0 on i auto ixp0 ixpl lo iface lo inet loopback iface ixpO inet dhcp iface ixpl inet dhcp UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started 3 After the boot settings of the LAN interface have been modified issue the following command to activate the LAN settings immediately
40. 6 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started root serverl1 home uc7400 1st_application root serverll lst_application pwd home uc7400 1st_application root serverll lst_application 11 total 20 rw er r T root root 514 Nov 27 11352 Makefile cxewouese db soglie saree ala New 27 lille ise eI ote 2cwer r ook root 6164 Nov 2 Mi SR TOEA e root serverll 1st ap pcfcation make usr local mxsecd leb bin mxscaleb gcc o tcps2 release eans2 c usr locsT mxscaleb bin mxscaleb strip s tcps2 release usr tocal mxscaleb bin mxscaleb gcc o tcpsp release tcpsp c w6r local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb strip s tcpsp release usr local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb gcc ggdb o tcps2 debug tcps2 c usr local mxscaleb bin mxscaleb gcc ggdb o tcpsp debug tcpsp c You have new mail in var spool mail root root serverll 1 application 11 focal 92 Seyi ie IDO TOOLE 514 Nov 27 3 Makefile root root 25343 Nov 27 root root 4996 Nov 27 li SEWE Se X i m 2 l root root 4554 Now 27 CEPE AE i i dt Se WE oe LX root root 26823 Nov 27 root root 5396 Now 27 EI WELT egi root 6164 Nov 27 IECIDSID e root serverll 1st aPp eeation li IWXIWRXI X IrWXI XI Two executable files tcps2 release and tcps2 debug are created tcps2 release an IXP platform execution file created specifically to run on UC 7408 tcps2 debug an IXP platform GDB debug server execution file see Chapter 5 for details about
41. 8 are used to attach UC 7408 to a wall or the inside of a cabinet Use two screws per bracket first to attach the brackets to the bottom of the UC 7408 Fig A Next use two screws per bracket to attach the UC 7408 to a wall or cabinet Fig B UC 7408 Griversal Communicator B Ready Lam LAN2 Console Figure B UC 7408 Universal Communicator Wall Mounting Brackets top view 1 7 UC 7408 User s Manual DIN Rail Mounting The aluminum DIN Rail attachment plate is included in the package If you need to reattach the DIN Rail attachment plate to UC 7408 make sure the stiff metal spring is situated towards the top as shown in the figures below 1 Insert the top of the DIN Rail into the slot just below the stiff metal spring metal spring T DIN Rail 2 The DIN Rail attachment unit will snap into place as shown below metal Spring L DIN Rail To remove UC 7408 from the DIN Rail simply reverse Steps 1 and 2 above Hardware Connection Description This section describes how to connect UC 7408 to serial devices for first time testing purposes We cover Wiring Requirements Connecting the Power Grounding UC 7408 Connecting to the Network Connecting to a Serial Device Connecting to the Console Port PCMCIA and CompactFlash Wiring Requirements ATTENTION Safety First Be sure to disconnect the power cord before installing and or wiring your UC 7408 Wiring Ca
42. Client Program Daemons pppd dial in out over serial port daemon snmpd snmpd agent daemon telnetd telnet server daemon inetd TCP server manager program ftpd ftp server daemon apache web server daemon sshd secure shell server nfs user server network file system server openvpn virtual private network openssl open SSL Linux Tool Chain Gcc V3 3 2 C C PC Cross Compiler GDB V5 2 1 Source Level Debug Server Glibc V2 2 5 POSIX standard C library 2 Getting Started In this chapter we explain how to connect UC 7408 turn on the power and then get started using the programming and other functions The following topics are covered in this chapter A Powering on UC 7408 A Connecting UC 7408 to a PC Serial Console Telnet Console SSH Console A Configuring the Ethernet Interface Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console Modifying Network Settings over the Network A Configuring the WLAN via the PCMCIA Interface IEEE802 11b IEEE802 11g A Test Program Developing Hello c Installing the Tool Chain Linux Checking the Flash Memory Space Compiling Hello c Uploading Hello to UC 7408 and Running the Program A Developing Your First Application Testing Environment Compiling tcps2 c Uploading tcps2 release and Running the Program Testing Procedure Summary UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Po
43. Kibyte 400000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the file user file system Format MTD device dev mtd3 A MTD device dev mtd3 erase 128 Kibyte 1a00000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the file directory Format MTD device dev mtd6 MTD device dev mtd6 erase 128 Kibyte 20000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the new configuration file Upgrade the firmware is OK Please press any key to reboot system ATTENTION After you reboot your UC DO NOT power off the UC until the Ready LED comes back ON Note that after upgrading the firmware the first boot up will take as much as 2 to 3 minutes UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Loading Factory Defaults The easiest way to load factory defaults is to update the firmware follow the instructions in the previous section to upgrade the firmware Note that if your user file is not working properly the system will mount the Mini File System In this case you will need to load factory defaults to resume normal operation Enabling and Disabling Daemons The following daemons are enabled when UC 7408 boots up for the first time snmpd SNMP Agent daemon telnetd Telnet Server Client daemon inetd Internet Daemons ftpd FTP Server Client daemon sshd Secure Shell Server daemon httpd
44. NT 5 1 en US rv 1 7 5 Gecko 200 usr bin sbin usr sbin EX lt address gt Apache 2 0 42 Server at localhost Port 80 lt address gt n VER SOFTWARE Apache 2 0 42 Unix t t t to tn tn tn tn Ui Pi bi p bi fi n To open the default CGI test script report page type http 192 168 3 127 cgi bin test cgi in your browser s address box 2 Mozilla Firefox File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Help 8 A D http192 168 3 127egi bintest ogi v 9 GL Getting Started N Latest Headlines 1 0 test script report argc is 0 argv is Apache 2 0 42 Unix SERVER_PORT REQUEST METHOD GET HTTP ACCEPT text xml application xml application xhtml xml text html qg 0 9 text plain q 0 8 image png 0 0 5 NFO NSLATED IPT_NAME cgi bin test cgi QUERY_STRING REMOTE_HOST REMOTE_ADDR REMOTE_USER NOTE The CGI function is enabled by default If you want to disable the function modify the file etc apache httpd conf When you develop your own CGI application make sure your CGI file is executable 192 168 3 127 PuTTY root Moxa usr www cgi b drwxr xr x root root 0 Aug 24 1999 root root 0 Nov 5 16 16 root root 268 Dec 19 2002 IWXIL XrL X root root 757 Aug 24 1999 root Moxa usr www cgi bin 4 4 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Saving a Web Page to the CF Card Since some applications will have web pages that take up a lot of
45. OW TO HIGH duration 1 0 dio test function while nDuration DURATION NUM usleep 100000 DIO Program Make File Example FNAME tdio FNAME1 tduration CC2mxscaleb gcc STRIP mxscaleb strip release CC o FNAME FNAME c lmoxalib lpthread CC o FNAME1 FNAME1 c lmoxalib lpthread STRIP s FNAME STRIP s FNAME1 debug CC DDEBUG o FNAME dbg FNAME cxx lmoxalib lpthread CC DDEBUG o FNAME1 dbg FNAMEl cxx lmoxalib lpthread clean bin rm f FNAME FNAME dbg FNAME1 FNAME1 dbg o Make File Example The following Makefile file example codes are copied from the Hello example on UC 7408 s CD ROM CC usr local mxscaleb mxscaleb gcc CPP usr local mxscaleb mxscaleb gcc SOURCES hello c OBJS SOURCES c 0 all hello hello OBJS CC o 8 LDFLAGS LIBS clean rm f OBJS hello core gdb 5 18 A System Commands Linux normal command utility collection File manager Editor Network e UO RIN OY DI de e 2X Qu cdm ta cp Is In mount rm chmod chown chgrp sync mv pwd df mkdir rmdir vi cat zcat grep cut find more test sleep echo ping route netstat ifconfig tftp telnet ftp copy file list file make symbolic link file mount and check file system delete file change file owner amp group amp user change file owner change file group
46. S If you are using DNS servers supplied by your ISP edit the file etc resolv conf by adding the following lines of code nameserver ip addr of first dns server nameserver ip addr of second dns server For example nameserver 168 95 1 1 nameserver 139 175 10 20 Use the following command to create a pppoe connection pppd ixp0 The ixp0 is what is connected to the ADSL modem LAN port The example above uses LANI To use LANA type pppd ixpl Type ifconfig ppp0 to check if the connection is OK or has failed If the connection is OK you will see information about the pppO setting for the IP address Use ping to test the IP If you want to disconnect it use the kill command to kill the pppd process NFS Network File System The Network File System NFS is used to mount a disk partition on a remote machine as if it were on a local hard drive allowing fast seamless sharing of files across a network NFS allows users to develop applications for UC 7408 without worrying about the amount of disk space that will be available UC 7408 supports NFS protocol for both client and server 4 17 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication NOTE Click on the following links for more information about NFS http www tldp org HOWTO NFS HOWTO index html http nfs sourceforge net nfs howto client html http nfs sourceforge net nfs howto server html Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Server By default UC 7408 enables the serv
47. The Wireless LAN card provided by Moxa lets you connect UC 7408 to a Wireless LAN with both 802 1b and 802 11g interfaces supported If you need device drivers for other kinds of PCMCIA cards contact Moxa for information on how to initiate a cooperative development project UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction CompactFlash DI DO UC 7408 provides one CompactFlash slot that supports CompactFlash type I II card expansion Currently Moxa provides a CompactFlash disk for plug amp play mass storage expansion You may also use flash disks available from most computer supply outlets The CompactFlash will be mounted at mnt hda If you need device drivers for other kinds of mass storage cards contact Moxa for information on how to initiate a cooperative development project The eight digital input channels and eight digital output channels use separate terminal blocks 123456787 Channel 1 8 Ground Software Introduction Software Architecture The Linux operating system that is pre installed in UC 7408 follows the standard Linux architecture making it easy to port programs that follow the POSIX standard to UC 7408 Porting is done with the GNU Tool Chain provided by Moxa In addition to the Standard POSIX API device drivers for the buzzer and CompactFlash mass storage UART digital input digital output and Wireless LAN PCMCIA card are also included in the UC 7408 Linux system AP User Application Daemon Apache Telnet FTPD
48. UC 7408 User s Manual Sixth Edition February 2009 www moxa com product MOXA 2009 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Reproduction without permission is prohibited UC 7408 User s Manual The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement Copyright Notice Copyright 2009 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Reproduction without permission is prohibited Trademarks MOXA is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers Disclaimer Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Moxa Moxa provides this document as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to its particular purpose Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and or changes to this manual or to the products and or the programs described in this manual at any time Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable However Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors and these changes are incorporated i
49. Z t nat sbin iptables P INPUT ACCEPT sbin iptables P OUTPUT ACCEPT sbin iptables P FORWARD ACCEPT sbin iptables t nat P PREROUTING ACCEPT sbin iptables t nat P POSTROUTING ACCEPT sbin iptables t nat P OUTPUT ACCEPT 4 Step 3 Enable IP masquerade Dial up Service PPP PPP Point to Point Protocol is used to run IP Internet Protocol and other network protocols over a serial link PPP can be used for direct serial connections using a null modem cable over a Telnet link and links established using a modem over a telephone line Modem PPP access is almost identical to connecting directly to a network through UC 7408 s Ethernet port Since PPP is a peer to peer system UC 7408 can also use PPP to link two networks or a local network to the Internet to create a Wide Area Network WAN NOTE Click on the following links for more information about ppp http tldp org HOWTO PPP HOW TO index html http axion physics ubc ca ppp linux html The pppd daemon is used to connect to a PPP server from a Linux system For detailed information about pppd see the man page Example 1 Connecting to a PPP server over a simple dial up connection The following command is used to connect to a PPP server by modem Use this command for old ppp servers that prompt for a login name replace username with the correct name and password replace password with the correct password Note that debug and defaultroute 192 1 1 17 are opti
50. an ioctl RTC Real Time Clock The device node is located at dev rtc UC 7408 supports Linux standard simple RTC control You must include linux rtc h 1 Function RTC RD TIME int ioctl fd RTC RD TIME struct rtc time time Description read time information from RTC It will return the value on argument 3 2 Function RTC SET TIME int ioctl fd RTC SET TIME struct rtc time time Description set RTC time Argument 3 will be passed to RTC 5 5 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Buzzer The device node is located at dev console UC 7408 supports Linux standard buzzer control with UC 7408 s buzzer running at a fixed frequency of 100 Hz You must include sys kd h 1 Function KDMKTONE ioctl fd KDMKTONE unsigned int arg Description The buzzer s behavior is determined by the argument arg The high word part of arg gives the length of time the buzzer will sound and the low word part gives the frequency The buzzer s on off behavior is controlled by software If you call the ioctl function you MUST set the frequency at 100 Hz If you use a different frequency the system could crash WDT Watch Dog Timer 1 Introduction The WDT works like a watch dog function You can enable it or disable it When the user enables WDT but the application does not acknowledge it the system will reboot You can set the ack time from a minimum of 50 msec to a maximum of 60 seconds How
51. apache org docs for more information about setting up an Apache server IPTABLES IPTABLES is an administrative tool for setting up maintaining and inspecting the Linux kernel s IP packet filter rule tables Several different tables are defined with each table containing built in chains and user defined chains Each chain is a list of rules that apply to a certain type of packet Each rule specifies what to do with a matching packet A rule such as a jump to a user defined chain in the same table is called a target UC 7408 supports 3 types of IPTABLES table Filter tables NAT tables and Mangle tables A Filter Table includes three chains INPUT chain OUTPUT chain FORWARD chain B NAT Table includes three chains PREROUTING chain transfers the destination IP address DNAT POSTROUTING chain works after the routing process and before the Ethernet device process to transfer the source IP address SNAT OUTPUT chain produces local packets sub tables Source NAT SNAT changes the first source packet IP address Destination NAT DNAT changes the first destination packet IP address MASQUERADE a special form for SNAT If one host can connect to internet then 4 6 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication other computers that connect to this host can connect to the Internet when it the computer does not have an actual IP address REDIRECT a special form of DNAT that re sends packet
52. as two time settings One is the system time and the other is the RTC Real Time Clock time kept by the UC 7408 hardware Use the date command to query the current system time or set a new system time Use hwclock to query the current RTC time or set a new RTC time Use the following command to query the system time date Use the following command to query the RTC time hwclock Use the following command to set the system time date MMDDhhmmYYYY MM Month DD Date hhmm hour and minute YYYY Year Use the following command to set the RTC time hwclock w Write current system time to RTC The following figure illustrates how to update thesystem time and set the RTC time 192 168 3 127 PUTTY root Moxa date Wien uit 23 239 s0e sil Csr 2000 root Moxa hwclock Inset Jem 25 25s S0335 2000 e sais WA sese root Moxa date 120910002004 Thu Dec 9 10 00 00 CST 2004 root Moxa hwclock w root Moxa date hwclock mw Dee J Gib gia 7 Csi 200 Thu Dec 9 10 01 08 2004 0 933547 seconds rootGMoxa id UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux NTP Client UC 7408 has a built in NTP Network Time Protocol client that is used to initialize a time request to a remote NTP server Use ntpdate this client utility to update the system time ntpdate time stdtime gov tw hwclock w Visit http www ntp org for more information about NTP and NTP server addresses 10 120 53 100 PuTTY
53. bug hello c root localhost hello _ Next execute the hello exe to generate hello release and hello debug which are described below hello release an IXP platform execution file created specifically to run on UC 7408 hello debug an IXP platform GDB debug server execution file see Chapter 5 for details about the GDB debug tool 2 14 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started NOTE Be sure to type the make command from within the tmp example hello directory since UC s tool chain puts a specially designed Makefile in that directory This special Makefile uses the mxscale gcc compiler to compile the hello c source code for the Xscale environment If you type the make command from any other directory Linux will use the x86 compiler for example cc or gcc Refer to Chapter 5 to see a Make file example Uploading Hello to UC 7408 and Running the Program Use the following command to upload hello release to the UC 7408 via FTP 1 From the PC type ftp 192 168 3 127 2 Use bin command to set the transfer mode to Binary mode and the put command to initiate the file transfer ftp gt bin ftp gt put hello release 3 From the UC 7408 type chmod x hello release hello release The word Hello will be printed on the screen hello release Developing Your First Application We use the tcps2 example to illustrate how to build an application for UC 7408 The procedure outlined in the following s
54. c rc d vi rc local Next use the vi open your application program We use the example program tcps2 release and put it to run in the background bin sh Add you want to run daemon root tcps2 release amp UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Then you will find the enabled daemons after you reboot the system root Moxa ps ef Uid VmSize Stat Command root 1296 dall root keventd root ksoftirgd_CPU0 root kswapd root bdflush root kupdated root IButsfeloRKorol dou TOORE khubd root pees 2 eee simerels root Exp425Zcsni POOE ixp425 ixp0 TOOT ixp425 ixpl root stdef root usr sbin inetd root usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd nobody Use spin tto nobody usr sbin httpd se Soin htepd SDT pere root tcps2 release latine SETT d usr sbin snmpd s 1 dev null usr sbin snmptrapd s sbin cardmgr usr sbin rpc nfsd usr sbin rpc mountd usr sbin sshd bin reportip bin massupfirm sbin getty 115200 ttyS0 Vabim gerts MBOO tevsi bin massupfirm bin massupfirm usr sbin sshd bash ps ef nobody Pir root 105 Powe IOS ese GI roor 140 root 144 root 146 root ISS TOGE Indl oo az KoE Ias ooe 164 root Ia root 168 root TAL OOE W2 OOE 174 root root Moxa MInununnununnunIiuinIununnpovrdaqupunounnunnnunnnianunununnunv i UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Setting the Run Level In this section we
55. ction Appearance and Dimensions Appearance UC 7408 Rear View 12 48 VDC Power Input 10 100 Mbps Ethernet x 2 DC 12 48V PCMCIA LAN1 LAN2 Console sins CILJE CF My Nhe LNFENEENEEN EE USB 1 1 Client x 1 REX RS 232 miniB Connector PCMCIA x 1 PPP Console UC 7408 Top View LIC 7408 Universal Communicator Ready Lam Lan2 Console UC 7408 Front View 8 ch Digital Output 8 ch Digital Input DO a n n nono anna Di fm n n n mon mm nm Resetto 25 rAR5IGNIASDA 123456784 Default Reset to Default ila i nt n lo n nl SZ Hardware Reset RS 232 422 485 P1 P3 PA P5 P6 P7 P8 RJ45 RS 232 422 485 Connectors x 8 1 4 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Dimensions m A pu you Lu ES O Ready C LAN1 a O LAN2 D lt tr C Console t E wo N D CD PID PA G3 P6 PD P8 Y A UU UU UU UU ODoOoOooogoogog ono OoOooogogo oD es m jh D ju 40h D D PG D i ER o pes a 197 mm 7 76 gt Hardware Block Diagram The following block diagram shows the layout of UC 7408 s internal components Ethernet PCI to cardbus Bridge PCI Bus Moxa UART ASIC cae AA t d RS 232 422 485 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction LED Indicators UC 7408 has 12 LED
56. d with your password pap secrets line 1 of 42 2 username hinet net is the username obtained from the ISP to log in to the ISP account password is the corresponding password for the account 6 Editthe file etc ppp options and add the following line plugin pppoe terminated because it was idle tholdoff lt n gt Wait for up n milliseconds after the connect script finishes for a valid PPP packet from the peer At the end of this time or when a valid PPP packet is received from the peer pppd will commence negotiation by sending its first LCP packet The default value is 1999 1 second This wait period only applies if the connect or pty option is used plugin pppoe so lt End of File gt options line 1 of 342 0 4 16 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication 10 11 Add one of two files etc ppp options ixp0 or etc ppp options ixp1 The choice depends on which LAN is connected to the ADSL modem If you use LANI to connect to the ADSL modem then add etc ppp options ixp0 If you use LAN2 to connect to the ADSL modem then add etc ppp options ixp1 The file context is shown below name username hinet net otra 1499 mru 1492 defaultroute noipdefault options ixp line 1 of 5 20 Type your username the one you set in the etc ppp pap secrets and etc ppp chap secrets files after the name option You may add other options as desired Set up DN
57. de Argument 3 mode will return the interface mode There are two Moxa private ioctl commands for setting up special baud rates Function MOXA SET SPECIAL BAUD RATE Function MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE If you use this ioctl to set a special baud rate the termios cflag will be B4000000 in which case the B4000000 define will be different If the baud rate you get from termios or from calling tcgetattr is B4000000 you must call ioctl with MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE to get the actual baud rate Example to set the baud rate include lt moxadevice h gt include lt termios h gt struct termiosterm int fd speed fd open dev ttyM0 O_RDWR tcgetattr fd amp term term c cflag amp CBAUD CBAUDEX term c cflag B4000000 tcsetattr fd TCSANOW amp term speed 500000 ioctl fd MOXA SET SPECIAL BAUD RATE amp speed 5 10 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Example to get the baud rate include lt moxadevice h gt include lt termios h gt struct termiosterm int fd speed fd open dev ttyM0 O RDWR tcgetattr fd amp term if term c cflag amp CBAUD CBAUDEX B4000000 follow the standard termios baud rate define else ioctl fd MOXA GET SPECIAL BAUD RATE amp speed Baud rate inaccuracy Divisor 921600 Target Baud Rate Only Integer part ENUM 8 921600 Target Divisor Round up or down Inaccuracy Target Baud
58. deUnencrypted felse true false in AP this means WEE is required If ERIV GENSTR is nct empty use PRIV GENTSTR to generate f keys just a convenience ERIV GENERATCR sbin nwepgen nwepgen Neesus compatible PRIV REY128 false keylength to generate RIV GENSIR cr set them explicitly Set genstr cr keys not both atllWEEDefaultKey0 format XxX XX XX XX XX or dotllWEPDefaultKeyl XX XXlXXXXNX XXINXX XX XX XX XXXX XX dctllWEEDefaultKey2 e g 01 20 03 40 05 ar EPDefaultRey3 t 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d SELECT STATICN MC IS ADHCC n vin y adhoc n infrastructure UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started IEEE802 11g The following IEEE802 11g wireless modules are supported e ASUS WL 107g e CNET CWC 854 181D version e Edmiax EW 7108PCg e Amigo AWP 914W e GigaByte GN WMGK Other brands that use the Ralink RT2560 series chip set To configure the WLAN for IEEE802 11g 1 Unplug the CardBus Wireless LAN card first 2 Use the command dvi etc networking interfaces to open the interfaces configuration file with vi editor and then edit the 802 11g network settings circled in red in the following figure ER PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 N0ne 8 1 V T100 Profile Edit PortManager Window Help 4 BA elles l2 EP COM1 115200 None 8 1 V T100 n f embedded ethernet LANL iface ixp0 inet static address 192 168 3 127 network 192 168 3 0 netmask
59. dit the file etc inittab Add the following line to the bottom of the file ntp 2345 respawn etc init d fixtime Use the command init q to re init the kernel 3 10 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Cron daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands Start Cron from the directory etc rc d rc local It will return immediately so you don t need to start it with amp to run the background The Cron daemon will search etc cron d crontab for crontab files which are named after accounts in etc passwd Cron wakes up every minute and checks each command to see if it should be run in the current minute Modify the file etc cron d crontab to set up your scheduled applications Crontab files have the following format mm h dom mon dow user command month hour date month week user command 0 59 0 23 1 31 1 12 0 6 0 is Sunday The following example demonstrates how to use Cron How to use cron to update the system time and RTC time every day at 8 00 STEPI Write a shell script named fixtime sh and save it to home bin sh ntpdate time nist gov hwclock systohc exit 0 STEP2 Change mode of fixtime sh chmod 755 fixtime sh STEP3 Modify etc cron d crontab file to run fixtime sh at 8 00 every day Add the following line to the end of crontab 8 root home fixtime sh STEP4 Enable the cron daemon manually etc init d cron start STEPS5 Enable cron
60. do printf O Test for Din duration 0 n printf l Test for Din duration z0 Xn printf 9 Quit n printf Please select a choice scanf d amp nChoice if nChoice 9 Quit break else if nChoice 0 test for din duration for nDuration 0 nDuration lt DURATION NUM nDurationt 5 16 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide configure the dout frequency When the timer timeouts dout control will be called to change the dout state value it value tv sec duration 0 nDuration 1000 value it value tv usec duration 0 nDuration 1000 1000 value it interval value it value setitimer ITIMER_REAL amp value NULL ndin_StateChangeDetected 0 reset these counters ndout_StateChangeDetected 0 printf DI duration 0 DO duration d n duration 0 nDuration set din event 0 low2highevent DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH 0 while ndin StateChangeDetected TEST NUM pause printf ndin StateChangeDetected d ndout_StateChangeDetected d n ndin StateChangeDetected ndout StateChangeDetected printf loss detection probability f n ndout StateChangeDetected ndin StateChangeDetected 100 0 nd out StateChangeDetected end of if nChoice 0 else if nChoice 1 test for din duration 0 for nDuration 0 nDuration lt DURATION_NUM nDurationt configure the dout frequence when the timer timeout dout_control
61. e MIB module for managing UDP implementations 22 system 9 1 3 6 octet string View based Access Control Model for SNMP 23 system 9 1 3 7 octet string The SNMP Management Architecture MIB 24 system 9 1 3 8 octet string The MIB for Message Processing and Dispatching 25 system 9 1 3 9 octet string The management information definitions for the SNMP User based Security Model 26 system 9 1 4 1 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 04th 4 27 system 9 1 4 2 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 09th 9 28 system 9 1 4 3 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 09th 29 system 9 1 4 4 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 09th 30 system 9 1 4 5 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 09th 31 system 9 1 4 6 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 19th 32 system 9 1 4 7 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 22th 33 system 9 1 4 8 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 22th 34 system 9 1 4 9 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 22th SNMP QUERY FINISHED 9 9 9 19 22 22 22 4 20 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication NOTE Click on the following links for more information about MIB II and RS 232 like group http www fags org rfcs rfc1213 html http www fags org rfcs rfc1317 html gt UC 7408 does NOT support SNMP trap The following tables list the variables supported by UC 7408 Open VPN This function is only available for firmware version V1 5 and later versions OpenVPN provides two ty
62. e client sync Sync data to memory and flash disk async The async option instructs the server to lie to the client telling the client that all data has been written to the stable storage Example 1 tmp rw no root squash In this example UC 7408 shares the tmp directory to everyone gives everyone both read and write authority The root user on the client machine will have the same level of access to files on the system as the root on the server 4 18 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication NOTE Example 2 home public 192 168 0 0 24 rw ro In this example UC 7408 shares the directory home public to a local network 192 168 0 0 24 with read and write authority NFS clients can just read home public they do not have write authority Example 3 home test 192 168 3 100 rw In this example UC 7408 shares the directory home test to an NFS Client 192 168 3 100 with both read and write authority After editing the NFS Server configuration file remember to use the following command to restart and activate the NFS server etc init d nfs user server restart Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Client Mail NOTE The following procedure is used to mount a remote NFS Server 1 Scan the NES Server s shared directory 2 Establish a mount point on the NFS Client site 3 Mount the remote directory to a local directory Step 1 showmount e HOST showmount Show the mount information for an NFS
63. eg 1 10 Connecting to a Serial Device iii 1 10 Connecting to the Console POrt ii 1 10 PCMCIA ende einem uere AMIR to eet ts 1 10 CompactFlash dte te egere EUER eee Egi 1 11 DIDO oil liu PE EE rem 1 11 Software Introduction 5 iniret iaia ERE epe 1 11 Software Architecture ioa E eco d a e deett bats ER d 1 11 Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 eene 1 12 Software Package ui eod RU ele ain sel ae ena 1 13 Getting Started seo Ee UN mE E 2 1 Powenng on UC 7408 eon e o e RU t EEUU ERE 2 2 Connecting UC 7408 t0 a PC iecit artem aL E Peu dtt ea 2 2 Serial Console as be op ERARO omae amete eraat era 2 2 Telnet Console oo Lt RAO eee d eere aet t ett ed dried 2 3 SSH Console niet tree tp EP re dete 2 4 Configuring the Ethernet Interface eene nennen rennen enne 2 5 Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console eese 2 5 Modifying Network Settings over the Network eee 2 7 Configuring the WLAN via the PCMCIA Interface i 2 7 IBBEES802 11b iii REI ROUES 2 7 IBEER802 TIg psit EET a mo RR pe ed qa UE red 2 9 Test Program Developing Hello C ii 2 13 Installing the Tool Chain LiNUx enne 2 13 Checking the Flash Memory Space 2 14 Compiling Helota 5p ERU om B reda 2 14 Uploading Hello to UC 7408 and Running the Program
64. ering Passive Mode 192 168 3 127 106 196 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for bin ls fot root 39 Jun 10 08 11 bash history Ste ee Too root 4996 Jun 12 02 15 tcps2 release 226 Transfer complete ape 3 From the UC 7408 type chmod x tcps2 release tcps2 release amp root Moza ls al drwxr xr x 2 root root O ann LA Oe drwxr xr xz 15 root root 0 va dh T979 I root root ISIE rover ILO Mesi dsyevstlot datbistie epe y Saya l HOSE root 4996 Jun 12 02 15 tcps2 release root Moxa chmod x tcps2 release foot Moxa Ls al drwxr xr x 2 root Oils O writer al aa Arwr Kr R la root root 0 Jan 1 1970 rw il Moie root IK amaa LO Ooi sses a ato campuses l1 root root MS Uva 2 OZS root Moxa 2 18 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started 4 The program should start running in the background Use either the jobs or ps ef command to check if the tcps2 program is actually running in the background jobs use this command to check if the program is running root Moxa ls al campa ZI 190 root O angst 28024 drwxr xr x 15 root root 0 Jan 1 JUS dL OOE root ICME note ILO Oes oas daubiehe ones siii JL s8xoRE root 4996 Jun 12 02 15 tcps2 release root Moxa chmod x tcps2 release root Moxa ls al dIwxr xr x 20 00t KOGE 0 Jun drwyr KE R lO YOOL TOOLE 0 Jan IL root root 899 Jun 10 08 11 bash_history cngpxre xre L root root aeS ia e OZS ro
65. erver 192 168 4 142 2000 hello debug This is where 2000 is the network port number on which the server waits for a connection from the client This can be any available port number on the target Following this are the name of the program to be debugged hello debug plus that program s arguments Output similar to the following will be sent to the console Process hello debug created pid 38 2 Usethe following command on the host to change to the directory that contains hello debug cd my work directory myfilesystem testprograms 3 Enter the following command ddd debugger mxscaleb gdb hello debug amp 4 Enterthe following command at the GDB DDD command prompt Target remote 192 168 4 99 2000 The command produces another line of output on the target console similar to the following Remote debugging using 192 168 4 99 2000 192 168 4 99 is the machine s IP address and 2000 is the port number You can now begin debugging in the host environment using the interface provided by DDD 5 Seta breakpoint on main by double clicking or entering b main on the command line Click the cont button Device API UC 7408 supports control devices with the ioctl system API You will need to include moxadevice h and use the following ioctl function int ioctl int d int request Input int d open device node return file handle int request argument in or out Use the desktop Linux s man page for detailed documentation m
66. he selected chain as the given rule number i Name of an interface via which a packet is going to be received 0 Name of an interface via which a packet is going to be sent p The protocol of the rule or of the packet to check S Source address network name host name network IP address or plain IP address sport Source port number d Destination address dport Destination port number j Jump target Specifies the target of the rules i e how to handle matched packets For example ACCEPT the packet DROP the packet or LOG the packet UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication NAT Examples Example 1 Accept all packets from lo interface iptables A INPUT i lo j ACCEPT Example 2 Accept TCP packets from 192 168 0 1 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp s 192 168 0 1 j ACCEPT Example 3 Accept TCP packets from Class C network 192 168 1 0 24 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp s 192 168 1 0 24 j ACCEPT Example 4 Drop TCP packets from 192 168 1 25 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp s 192 168 1 25 j DROP Example 5 Drop TCP packets addressed for port 21 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp dport 21 j DROP Example 6 Accept TCP packets from 192 168 0 24 to UC 7408 s port 137 138 139 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp s 192 168 0 24 dport 137 139 j ACCEPT Example 7 Log TCP packets that visit UC 7408 s port 25 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p tcp dport 25 j LOG Example 8 Dr
67. ice etc init d nfs user server The service link file S25nfs user server is located in the directory rc d rc2 d rc5 d Edit the NFS server configuration file etc exports to set up the remote host NTF client list and access rights for a specific directory The file formats are shown below vi etc exports File Format directory machinel option11 option12 machine2 option21 option22 directory The directory that will be shared with the NFS Client machinel and machine2 Client machines that will have access to the directory A machine can be listed by its DNS address or IP address e g machine company com or 192 168 0 8 optionxx The option list for a machine describes the kind of access the machine will have Important options are ro Read only This is the default rw Readable and Writeable no root squash If no root squash is selected then the root on the client machine will have the same level of access to files on the system as the root on the server This can have serious security implications although it may be necessary if you want to do administrative work on the client machine that involves the exported directories You should only specify this option when you have a good reason root squash Any file request made by the user root on the client machine is treated as if it is made by user nobody on the server Exactly which UID the request is mapped to depends on the UID of user nobody on the server not th
68. illuminate with a solid green color after 30 to 60 seconds have passed Grounding UC 7408 Grounding and wire routing helps limit the effects of noise due to electromagnetic interference EMI Run the ground connection from the ground screw to the grounding surface prior to connecting devices ATTENTION This product is intended to be mounted to a well grounded mounting surface such as a metal panel SG The Shielded Ground sometimes called Protected Ground contact is the left most contact of the 3 pin power terminal block connector when viewed from the angle shown here Connect the SG wire to an appropriate grounded metal surface DC 12 48V 1 9 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Connecting to the Network Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to one of UC 7408 s 10 100M Ethernet ports 8 pin RJ45 and the other end of the cable to the Ethernet network If the cable is properly connected UC 7408 will indicate a valid connection to the Ethernet in the following ways 1 8 The bottom right corner LED indicator maintains a solid green color when the cable is properly Pin Signal connected to a 100 Mbps Ethernet network The 1 ETx LED will flash on and off when Ethernet packets 2 ETx are being transmitted or received 3 ERx 4 1 8 The bottom left corner LED indicator maintains a 5 solid orange color when the cable is properly 6 ERx connected to a 10 Mbps Ethernet network The 7 ea LED will
69. indicators on the top panel Refer to the following table for information about each LED LED Name Color Meaning Ready Green Power is ON and system is ready after booting up Yellow 10 Mbps Ethernet connection pe Green 100 Mbps Ethernet connection Yellow Console port is receiving RX data from the serial device Green Console port is transmitting TX data to the serial device P1 P2 P3 P4 Yellow Serial port is receiving RX data from the serial device P5 P6 P7 P8 Green Serial port is transmitting TX data to the serial device Console Reset type Buttons UC 7408 has two reset type buttons The button labeled Reset has the same effect as unplugging the power and then plugging the power back in The button labeled Reset to default returns UC 7408 to the factory default parameter configuration Reset Button Pressing the Reset button initiates a hardware reboot The button plays the same role as a desktop PC s reset button In normal use you should NOT use the Reset Button You should only use this function if the software is not working properly To reset an embedded linux system always use the software reboot command gt reboot to protect the integrity of data being transmitted or processed Reset to default Button Press the Reset to default button continuously for at least 5 seconds to load the factory default configuration After the factory default configuration has been
70. l 10 100 Mbps Ethernet ports a PCMCIA interface for wireless LAN communication 8 digital inputs and 8 digital outputs and CompactFlash for mass storage disk expansion The digital I O feature of UC 7408 provides users with the convenience of connecting digital devices to a front end embedded computer UC 7408 can be used for on off event handling by reading the state change of the digital input signal Output signals from external digital devices can be imported into UC 7408 s digital input channels and then UC 7408 can be programmed to take immediate action when it detects a change in the signal state The digital output channels on UC 7408 can connect to devices and trigger digital output signals to control external digital devices The digital I O feature allows Moxa UC 7408 to support data acquisition and protocol conversion via the RS 232 422 485 serial ports as well as simple I O control with the digital I O signal The following topics are covered in this chapter O Overview O Hardware Connection Description gt Package Checklist Wiring Requirements gt Product Features Connecting the Power Grounding UC 7408 Connecting to the Network gt Product Hardware Specifications O Hardware Introduction VVVVVV V gt Appearance and Dimensions Connecting to a Serial Device gt Hardware Block Diagram Connecting to the Console Port gt LED Indicators PCMCIA gt Reset type Buttons CompactFlash gt Real Time Clock gt DIDO A P
71. lacement Options O Software Introduction gt Wall or Cabinet gt Software Architecture gt DIN Rail Mounting gt Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 gt Software Package UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Overview UC 7408 data acquisition embedded computers are ideal for embedded applications UC 7408 has 8 RS 232 422 485 serial ports dual 10 100 Mbps Ethernet ports 8 digital input and 8 digital outputs a PCMCIA interface for wireless LAN communication and CompactFlash for mass storage flash disk expansion UC 7408 uses an Intel XScale IXP422 266 Mhz RISC CPU Unlike the X86 CPU which uses a CISC design the IXP422 s RISC design architecture and modern semiconductor technology provide UC 7408 with a powerful computing engine and communication functions but without generating a lot of heat The built in 33 MB NOR Flash ROM and 128 MB SDRAM give you enough memory to put your application software directly on UC 7408 And since the dual LAN ports are built right into the IXP422 CPU UC 7408 makes an ideal communication platform for Network Security applications If your application requires placing UC 7408 in a location that is not located near an Ethernet LAN connection you can use UC 7408 s PCMCIA port to attach a wireless LAN card The pre installed Linux operating system provides an open software operating system for your software program development Software written for desktop PCs can be easily ported to the UC 7408 platform
72. loaded the system will reboot automatically The Ready LED will blink on and off for the first 5 seconds and then maintain a steady glow once the system has rebooted We recommend that you only use this function if the software is not working properly and you want to load factory default settings To reset an embedded linux system always use the software reboot command gt reboot to protect the integrity of data being transmitted or processed The Reset to default button is not designed to hard reboot UC 7408 ATTENTION Reset to default preserves user s data The Reset to default button will NOT format the user directory and erase the user s data Pressing the Reset to default button will only load the configuration file All files in the etc directory will revert to their factory defaults but other User Data will still exist in the Flash ROM If you need to load the default System Image file refer to the System Image Backup section in Chapter 3 1 6 UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction Real Time Clock UC 7408 s real time clock is powered by a lithium battery We strongly recommend that you do not replace the lithium battery without help from a qualified Moxa support engineer If you need to change the battery contact Moxa RMA service team WARNING There is a risk of explosion if the battery is replaced by an incorrect type Placement Options Wall or Cabinet The two metal brackets that come standard with UC 740
73. memory space you will need to be able to run the homepage and other pages from the CF card In this section we use a simple example to illustrate how to save web pages to the CF card and then configure the Apache web server to open the pages The files used in this example can be downloaded from Moxa s website Step 1 Prepare web page and put pages to CF card Click on the following link to download the web page test suite http www w3 org MarkUp Test HTML401 zip Uncompress the zip file to your desktop PC and then use FTP to transfer it to UC 7408 s mnt hda directory root Moxa mnt hda ls al drwxr xr x 4 root root 16384 Dec 11 14 18 drwxr xr x root root 0 Sep 29 17 43 CUEWIPSIET PETS root root Woe Dase Mi Meila 6 Il drwxr xr x 2 root root 4096 Dec 11 14 19 assertions Il CEWKI XE X root root 36071 Dec 11 14 18 SEWA KE K il SHOYOXE roort 3145 Dec 11 14 16 EWAE eee dl POOE root 90 Dec 11 14 17 drwxr xr x 2 root root 24576 Dec 11 14 20 EWA KE JL root root 2808 Dec ME aA akg root Moxa mnt hda Step 2 Use the following commands to configure the Apache web server s DocumentRoot cd etc apache vi httpd conf DocumentRoot mnt hda Change the document root directory to your CF card ServerRoot etc apache PidFile var run httpd pid ScoreBoardFile var run httpd scoreboard Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 StartServers 5
74. nd cannot be changed by the user providing a safe zone The kernel will only use the Mini Root File System when the User Root File System crashes For more information about the memory map and programming refer to Chapter 5 Programmer s Guide Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 The User Root File System in the flash memory is formatted with the Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 The formatting process places a compressed file system in the flash memory transparent to the user The Journaling Flash File System JFFS2 which was developed by Axis Communications in Sweden puts a file system directly on the flash instead of emulating a block device It is designed for use on flash ROM chips and recognizes the special write requirements of a flash ROM chip JFFS2 implements wear leveling to extend the life of the flash disk and stores the flash directory structure in the RAM A log structured file system is maintained at all times The system is always consistent even if it encounters crashes or improper power downs and does not require fsck file system check on boot up JFFS2 is the newest version of JFFS It provides improved wear leveling and garbage collection performance improved RAM footprint and response to system memory pressure improved concurrency and support for suspending flash erases marking of bad sectors with continued use of the remaining good sectors which enhances the write life of the devices native
75. no Are you sure you want to continue connection yes no yes_ SSH provides better security compared to Telnet for accessing UC 7408 s Console utility over the network Configuring the Ethernet Interface UC 7408 s network settings can be modified with the serial Console or online over the network Modifying Network Settings with the Serial Console In this section we use the serial console to modify UC 7408 s network settings 1 Follow the instructions given in a previous section to access UC 7408 s Console Utility via the serial Console port and then type cd etc network to change directories ER PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 None 8 1 T100 loj xj Profile Edit Port Manager Window Help a BIA alale Ste E COM1 115200 None 8 1 YT100 Wot GMoxa t cd etc network etc networkf State OPEN m m m m ETERNA E 2 Type vi interfaces to edit the network configuration file with vi editor You can configure UC 7408 s Ethernet ports for static or dynamic DHCP IP addresses Static IP addresses As shown below 4 network addresses need to be modified address network netmask and broadcast The default IP addresses are 192 168 3 127 for LANI and 192 168 4 127 for LAN2 with default netmask of 255 255 255 0 2 5 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started E PComm Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 N0ne 8 1 V T100 Profile Edit PortManager Window Help a BIA c z ex o size E COM
76. nto new editions of the publication Technical Support Contact Information www moxa com support Moxa Americas Moxa China Shanghai office Toll free 1 888 669 2872 Toll free 800 820 5036 Tel 1 714 528 6777 Tel 86 21 5258 9955 Fax 1 714 528 6778 Fax 86 10 6872 3958 Moxa Europe Moxa Asia Pacific Tel 49 89 3 70 03 99 0 Tel 886 2 8919 1230 Fax 49 89 3 70 03 99 99 Fax 886 2 8919 1231 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Table of Contents INroduetionis cada 1 1 OVEIVIEW sic aio en A AAA LALA ie naa 1 2 Package Cliecklist eee bate b EH iaia 1 2 Product Features si ioci deett obo ir Ee e ei emen 1 3 Product Hardware Specifications eene 1 3 Ha rdware Introducti n 52e ibm RR OE AIA AE eO RS 1 4 Appearance and Dimensions ii 1 4 Hardware Block Diagram iii 1 5 LED Indicators iniecto risanare 1 6 Reset type Buttons 5 54 esis ana a octo apa ae e eee A d ieri 1 6 Real Tune Clock 3 epe RHET ERE RR Ted 1 7 Placement Options uo Se REIR Sar Lara lisi 1 7 Wall or C bmet 35 12 29 aeter Te etd en m EC lalla 1 7 DIN Rail Mounting x anas AE AGLA A LOL une een ATA I ea ita 1 8 Hardware Connection Description e 1 8 Witing Requirements ue bee e eR UB e EIE teh 1 8 Connecting the Power 4 5 not erg ips ah pH PURUS Rer hes 1 9 Groundmimng UC 7408 1 utebare rut eR o SAL 1 9 Connec ng to the Network 5 nuuc ameet ei ro P t
77. nvoked NULL gt Clears this event int mode DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW a from high to low DIN_EVENT_LOW_TO_HIGH 0 from low to high DIN EVENT CLEAR 1 clear this event unsigned long duration detect the din event DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH without 5 12 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide duration Not 0 gt detect the din event DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH with duration The value of duration must be a multiple of 20 milliseconds The range of duration is 0 or 40 lt duration lt 3600000 milliseconds The error of the measurement is 24 ms For example if the DIN duration is 200 ms this event will be generated when the DIN pin stays in the same state for a time between 176 ms and 200 ms Output none Return reference the error code int get din event int diport int mode long int duration Description To retrieve the DIN event configuration including mode DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW or DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH and the value of duration Input int diport which DIN port you want to retrieve The port whose din event setting we wish to retrieve int mode save which event is set unsigned long duration the duration of the DIN port is kept in high or low state return to the current duration value of diport Output mode DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW a from high to low DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH 0 from low t
78. o high DIN EVENT CLEAR 1 clear this event duration The value of duration should be 0 or 40 duration lt 3600000 milliseconds Return reference the error code Special Note Don t forget to link the library libmoxalib for DI DO programming and also include the header file moxadevice h The DI DO library only can be used by one program at a time Examples Example 1 File Name tdio c Description The program indicates to connect DOI to DI change the digital output state to high or low by manual input then detect and count the state changed events from DII include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include moxadevice h include fcntl h 5 13 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide ifdef DEBUG define dbg_printf x printf x else define dbg_printf x endif define MIN_DURATION 40 static char DataString 2 Low High static void hightolowevent int diport printf nDIN port d high to low n diport static void lowtohighevent int diport printf nDIN port d low to high n diport int main int argc char argv int i j state retval unsigned long duration while 1 printf nSelect a number of menu other key to exit n 1 set high to low event n 2 get now data n 3 set low to high event n 4 clear event n 5 set high data n 6 set low data n 7 quit n 8 show event and duration n Ch
79. o your local LAN use a straight through Ethernet cable The default IP addresses and netmasks are shown above To login type the Login name and password as requested The default values are both root Login root Password root c Telnet 192 168 10 96 Moxa Embedded Linux Professional Edition Linux army5teb 2 4 18_mv130 ixdp425 Moxa login root Password Hit HHHH HH THEE HHHH Hit HH HH Lid Lid HHHH HHHH HHH Ht Hit HHH HHH 1t Hit HHH Hit diiit HH Hit HHH HHHH HHHH HHH dH Hit DIEI Hit odi Hi H HH HHH Hit HHHH oid HH Hit HH HH HH Ht uit Hitt tt tt HH HH Ht Did THE tt tt Ho Ht HHH Hit THE i Hit Hit Hit Hit HHH Hitt Hit HHH H Hitt Hit Hit Hit Ht Ht Hit Hit Hit Hit Hit HHH Hit Hit Hit Li HHH Hit HHHHHH Ho HHH HHH 1HHHHHHE HHHH HEHE EEE For further information check lhhttpz www moxa com Mount user file system iroot Moxa tt You can proceed with the configuration of UC 7408 s network settings when you reach the bash command shell Configuration instructions are given in the next section UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started ATTENTION Serial Console Reminder Remember to choose VT100 as the terminal type Use cable CBL RJ45F9 150 which comes with UC 7408 to connect to the serial console port Telnet Reminder When connecting to UC 7408 over a LAN you must configure your PC s Ethernet IP address to be on the same subnet as the UC 7408 you wish to contact If you do not get connected on the
80. oes not to do it at periodic Input int fd the file handle from swtd_open return value Output OK will be zero The other has some error to get error code from errno int swtd get int fd int mode unsigned long time Description Get current setting values mode 1 for user application enable sWatchDog need to do ack 0 for user application disable sWatchdog does not need to do ack time The time period to ack sWatchDog Input int fd the file handle from swtd open return value int mode the function will be return the status enable or disable user application need to do ack unsigned long time the function will return the current time period Output OK will be zero The other has some error to get error code from errno 5 7 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide int swtd ack int fd Description Acknowledge sWatchDog When the user application enable sWatchDog It need to call this function periodically with user predefined time in the application program Input int fd the file handle from swtd open return value Output OK will be zero The other has some error to get error code from errno int swtd close int fd Description Close the file handle Input int fd the file handle from swtd_open return value Output OK will be zero The other has some error to get error code from errno Special Note When you kill the application
81. onal pppd connect chat v ATDT5551212 CONNECT ogin username word password dev ttyM0 115200 debug crtscts modem defaultroute If the PPP server does not prompt for the username and password the command should be entered as follows Replace username with the correct username and replace password with the correct password pppd connect chat v ATDT5551212 CONNECT user username password password dev ttyMO 115200 crtscts modem The pppd options are described below connect chat etc This option gives the command to contact the PPP server The chat program is used to dial a remote computer The entire command is enclosed in single quotes because pppd expects a one word argument for the connect option The options for chat are given below v verbose mode log what we do to syslog Double quotes don t wait for a prompt but instead do note that you must include a space after the second quotation mark ATDT5551212 4 12 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Dial the modem and then CONNECT Wait for an answer Send a return null text followed by the usual return ogin username word password Log in with username and password Refer to the chat man page chat 8 for more information about the chat utility dev Specify the callout serial port 115200 The baud rate debug Log status in syslog crtscts Use hardware flow control between compu
82. onments the prefix is i386 linux and in the case of UC 7408 Xscale boards it is mxscaleb For example the native C compiler is gcc and the cross C compiler for Xscale in UC 7408 is mxscaleb gcc The following cross compiler tools are provided ar Manage archives static libraries as Assembler C g C compiler cpp C preprocessor gcc C compiler gdb Debugger ld Linker nm Lists symbols from object files objcopy Copies and translates object files objdump Displays information about object files ranlib Generates indexes to archives static libraries readelf Displays information about ELF files size Lists object file section sizes strings Prints strings of printable characters from files usually object files strip Removes symbols and sections from object files usually debugging information 5 3 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Uninstalling the Linux Tool Chain Use the command rpm qalgrep mxscaleb to query if the Moxa tool chain is installed on the system gnome hhl arm hhl arm hhl arm 9 mv13 0 0 2 hhl arm _be libp hhl arm xsc oe ed 0 2 rmvl hhl arm termca ot rpm qa m command not found p m 5 4 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide Debugging with GDB First compile the program must with option ggdb Use the following steps 1 To debug a program called hello debug on the target use the command gdbs
83. oose retval 0 scanf d amp i if i 1 set high to low event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i printf Please input the DIN duration this minimun value must be over d MIN DURATION scanf 1u amp duration retval set din event i hightolowevent DIN EVENT HIGH TO LOW duration else if i 2 get now data printf DIN data for j 0 j lt MAX DIN PORT j get din state j amp state printf s DataString state printf Mn printf DOUT data for j 0 j MAX DOUT PORT j get dout state j amp state printf s DataString state printf Mn else if i 3 set low to high event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i printf Please input the DIN duration this minimun value must be over d MIN DURATION scanf 1u amp duration retval set din event i lowtohighevent DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH duration else if i 4 clear event printf Please keyin the DIN number scanf d amp i retval set din event i NULL DIN EVENT CLEAR 0 5 14 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide else if i 5 set high data printf Please keyin the DOUT number scanf d amp i retval set dout state i 1 else if i 6 set low data printf Please keyin the DOUT number scanf d amp i retval set dou
84. op all packets from MAC address 01 02 03 04 05 06 iptables A INPUT i ixp0 p all m mac mac source 01 02 03 04 05 06 j DROP NOTE In Example 8 remember to issue the command modprobe ipt mac first to load module ipt mac NAT Network Address Translation protocol translates IP addresses used on one network different IP addresses used on another network One network is designated the inside network and the other is the outside network Typically UC 7408 connects several devices on a network and maps local inside network addresses to one or more global outside IP addresses and un maps the global IP addresses on incoming packets back into local IP addresses ee Click on the following link for more information about iptables and NAT http www netfilter org documentation HOWTO NAT HOWTO html NOTE 4 10 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication NAT Example The IP address of all packets leaving LANI are changed to 192 168 3 127 you will need to load the module ipt MASQUERADE IP Netmask 192 168 3 100 24 Gateway 192 168 3 127 oF Ut NH 6 PCI Linux or Windows LANI LANl ixp0 192 168 3 127 24 UC 7408 LAN2 ixpl 192 168 4 127 24 LAN2 PC2 Linux or Windows IP Netmask 192 168 4 100 24 Gateway ehco 1 gt modprobe modprobe modprobe iptables or iptables 192 168 4 127 NAT Area Private IP proc sys net ipv4 ip_forward i
85. ot8 Moxa 4 7tcCpsz release amp pm 87 start root Moxa jobs wal t Running tcps2 release root CMTF NOTE Use the kill command for job number 1 to terminate this program kill 1 ps ef use this command to check if the program is running 1 Running tcps2 release amp root Moxa ps ef PID Uid VmSize Stat Command root IZ S init BOO keventd root ksoftirqd CPUO0 root kswapd root bdflush root kupdated root mtdblockd TOODE khubd root Sese reete neces root Esq 25m root ixp425 ixp0 root ixp425 ixpi root stdef root usr sbin inetd root fuer sls it opel nobody usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd nobody usr sbin httpd bin sbin portmap root uab ebia cpo atata root usr sbin snmpd s 1 dev null root usr sbin snmptrapd s root sbin cardmgr TOOL usr sbin rpc nfsd COOL usr sbin rpc mountd TOOL usr sbin sshd root bin reportip root sbin getty 115200 ttyS0 w e BS CN UU 45 WW CO 5 bd CPFNOOOdSP eoo0 100 ug ugdgcuuuuucdududdcdugudugucduduudouluocdooucducduuucu 2 19 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started 158 root IGA root T63 root JE TOOE sbin getty 115200 ttyS1 usr sbin sshd bash seicjorels dier edle Si UAL root IDLE tcps2 release ps ef AES y Togt IL sete root Moxa PPpPINNWE Mo M 0 NS NOTE Use the kill 9 command for PID 187 to terminate this program kill 9 187
86. outline the steps you should take to set the Linux run level and execute requests Use the following command to enable or disable settings 192 160 3127 PuTTY root8Moxa ect rc d rc3 d4 1s S19nfs common S825nfe user server S99showreadyled 520snmpd S55ssh s24ncemcia S99rmnologin root Moxa etc rc d rc3 d cd etc rc d init d Edit a shell script to execute root tcps2 release and save to tcps2 as an example cd etc rc d rc3 d 1n s etc rc d init d tcps2 S60tcps2 SxxRUNFILE stands for S start the run file while linux boots up xx a number between 00 99 The smaller number has a higher priority RUNFILE the file name 192 168 3 127 PuTTY root Moxa ect rc d rc3 d Is S19nfs common S25nfs user server S99showreadyled S20snmpd S55ssh S24pcmcia S99rmnologin root Moxa ect rc d rc3 d ln s root tcps2 release S60tcps2 root8Moxa ect rc d rc3 d4 1s S19nfs common s25nfs user server S99rmnologin S20snmpd S55ssh S99showreadyled S24pcmcia S50tops2 root8Moxa etc rc d rc3 dd KxxRUNFILE stands for K start the run file while linux shuts down or halts xx a number between 00 99 The smaller number has a higher priority RUNFILE is the file name For removing the daemon you can remove the run file from etc rc d rc3 d by using the following command rm f etc rc d rc3 d S60tcps2 3 8 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Adjusting the System Time Setting the Time Manually UC 7408 h
87. oxa file system To finish boot process run the init program 1 The default Moxa file system only enables the network and CF It lets users recover the user file system when it fails 2 The user file system is a complete file system Users can create and delete directories and files including source code and executable files as needed 3 Users can create the user file system on the PC host or target platform and then copy it to the UC 7408 Linux Tool Chain Introduction To ensure that an application will be able to run correctly when installed on UC 7408 you must ensure that it is compiled and linked to the same libraries that will be present on the UC 7408 This is particularly true when the RISC Xscale processor architecture of the UC 7408 differs from the CISC x86 processor architecture of the host system but it is also true if the processor architecture is the same The host tool chain that comes with UC 7408 contains a suite of cross compilers and other tools as well as the libraries and headers that are necessary to compile applications for UC 7408 The host environment must be running Linux to install the UC 7408 GNU Tool Chain We have confirmed that the following Linux distributions can be used to install the tool chain Redhat 7 3 8 0 9 0 Fefora core 1 amp 2 The Tool Chain will need about 100 MB of hard disk space on your PC The UC 7408 Tool Chain is located on the UC 7408 CD To install the Tool Chain insert the
88. pes of tunnels for users to implement VPNS Routed IP Tunnels and Bridged Ethernet Tunnels Here we describe the second type of tunnel To begin with check to make sure that the system has a virtual device dev net tun If not issue the following command mknod dev net tun c 10 200 An Ethernet bridge is used to connect different Ethernet networks together The Ethernets are bundled into one bigger logical Ethernet Each Ethernet corresponds to one physical interface or port that is connected to the bridge On each OpenVPN machine you should generate a working directory such as etc openvpn where script files and key files reside Once established all operations will be performed in that directory Setup 1 Ethernet Bridging for Private Networks on Different Subnets 1 Setup four machines as shown in the following diagram local net OpenVPNA eth1 192 168 2 173 eth0 192 168 2 171 eth0 192 168 8 173 Internet ixp0 192 168 8 174 eth0 192 168 4 172 ixp1 192 168 4 174 local net Host A B represents one of the machines that belongs to OpenVPN A B The two remote subnets are configured for a different range of IP addresses When this setup is moved to a public network the external interfaces of the OpenVPN machines should be configured for static IPs or connect to another device such as a firewall or DSL box first 4 21 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication 2 Generate a
89. pher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 ifconfig 192 168 2 173 192 168 4 174 up etc openvpn A tun sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 4 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 gw 5 d end Create a configuration file named B tun conf and an executable script file named B tun sh on OpenVPN B remote 192 168 8 173 dev tun secret etc openvpn secrouter key cipher DES EDE3 CBC auth MD5 tun mtu 1500 tun mtu extra 64 ping 40 ifconfig 192 168 4 174 192 168 2 173 up etc openvpn B tun sh bin sh value after net is the subnet behind the remote peer route add net 192 168 2 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 gw 5 d end Note that the parameter ifconfig defines the first argument as the local internal interface and the second argument as the internal interface at the remote peer Note that 5 is the argument that the OpenVPN program passes to the script file Its value is the second argument of ifconfig in the configuration file 3 Check the routing table after you run the OpenVPN programs by typing the command route Destination Gateway Genmsk Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192 168 4 174 i 255 255 255 255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192 168 4 0 192 168 4 174 255 255 255 0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192 168 2 0 255 255
90. preset shared key by typing the command openvpn genkey secret secrouter key Copy the file that is generated to the OpenVPN machine 3 Generate a script file named openvpn bridge on each OpenVPN machine This script reconfigures interface ixp1 as IP less creates logical bridge s and TAP interfaces loads modules enables IP forwarding etc bin sh iface ixpl 4 defines the internal interface maxtap expr 1 defines the number of tap devices I e of tunnels IPADDR NETMASK BROADCAST it is not a great idea but this system doesn t support 4 etc sysconfig network scripts ifcfg ixpl ifcfg vpn t while read f1 f2 3 f4 r3 do if f1 iface a 2 iface a 3 inet a 4 static then i expr 0 while do if i gt 5 then break fi i expr i 1 read f1 f2 case f1 in address IPADDR f2 netmask NETMASK f2 P broadcast BROADCAST f2 esac done break fi done etc network interfaces get the ip address of the specified interface mname module up oIFS SIFS IFSz FOUND no for LINE in lsmod do TOK echo LINE cut d f1 if TOK mname then FOUND yes break fi done IFS 0IFS 4 22 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication if FOUND no then modprobe mname fi start ifcfg_vpn if d dev net then mkdir dev net fi if
91. ptable_nat ip_conntract ipt_MASQUERADE t nat A POSTROUTING o ixp0 j SNAT to source 192 168 3 127 t nat A POSTROUTING o ixp0 j MASQUERADE Enabling NAT at Bootup In the most of real world situations you will want to use a simple shell script to enable NAT when UC 7408 boots up The following script is an example bin bash If you put this shell script in the home nat sh Remember to chmod 744 home nat sh Edit the rc local file to make this shell startup automatically vi etc rc d rc local Add a line in the end of rc local home nat sh EXIF ixp0 This is an external interface for setting up a valid IP address EXNET 192 168 4 0 24 This is an internal network address Step 1 Insert modules Here 2 gt dev null means the standard error messages will be dump to null device modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe modprobe ip_tables 2 gt dev null ip_nat_ftp 2 gt dev null ip_nat_irc 2 gt dev null ip_conntrack 2 gt dev null ip conntrack ftp 2 dev null ip conntrack irc 2 dev null Step 2 Define variables enable routing and erase default rules PATH bin sbin usr bin usr sbin usr local bin usr local sbin export PATH echo 1 proc sys net ipv4 ip forward sbin iptables F sbin iptables X sbin iptables Z 4 11 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication sbin iptables F t nat sbin iptables X t nat sbin iptables
92. rrent directory tto hn 200 Type set to I mejo die 200 Port command successful 150 Opening data connection for directory list drw rw rw JL dej EED 0 Nov 30 10 03 drw rw rw JL ABIES eD G Ne S10 MOES c rW rW rw JL Ea EED JESUS T 2 12 Now Se L0 2 72 20 We yA ZO AL 15 c E rein rw rw rw dL ej RES 8778996 Nov 29 10 24 UC7420 usrdisk 1 5 frm 226 Transfer complete Ltp get UCT420 1 5 2mm UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux local UC7420 1 5 frm remote UC7420 1 5 frm 200 Port command successful 150 Opening data connection for UC7420 1 5 frm 226 Transfer complete 13167772 bytes received in 2 17 secs 5925 8 kB s EED 3 Next use the upfirm command to upgrade the kernel and root file system upfirm uc7408 x x x frm root Moxa mnt ramdisk upfirm UC7420 1 5 Upgrade firmware utility version 1 0 To check source firmware file context The source firmware file conext is OK This step will destroy all your firmware Do YOu want to continue re ra Now upgrade the file redboot Format MTD device dev mtd0 MTD device dev mtd0 erase 128 Kibyte 60000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the file kernel Format MTD device dev mtdl MTD device dev mtd1 erase 128 Kibyte 100000 100 complete Wait to write file Compleleted 100 Now upgrade the file mini file system Format MTD device dev mtd2 MTD device dev mtd2 erase 128
93. s to a local host independent of the destination IP address C Mangle Table includes two chains PREROUTING chain pre processes packets before the routing process OUTPUT chain processes packets after the routing process It has three extensions TTL MARK TOS The following figure shows the IPTABLES hierarchy Incoming Packets Mangle Table PREROUTING Chain NAT Table PREROUTING Chain Other Host Packets Mangle Table FORWARD Chain Local Host Packets Mangle Table INPUT Chain Filter Table INPUT Chain Local Process Mangle Table OUTPUT Chain Filter Table FORWARD Chain Mangle Table POSTROUTING Chain NAT Table OUTPUT Chain Filter Table OUTPUT Chain NAT Table POSTROUTING Chain Outgoing Packets 4 7 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication UC 7408 supports the following sub modules Be sure to use the module that matches your application ip conntrack ipt MARK ipt ah ipt state ip conntrack ftp ipt MASQUERADE ipt_esp ipt tcpmss ipt conntrack irc ipt MIRROT ipt length ipt tos ip nat ftp ipt REDIRECT ipt limit ipt ttl ip nat irc ipt REJECT ipt mac ipt unclean ip nat snmp basic ipt TCPMSS ipt mark ip queue ipt TOS ipt multiport ipt LOG ipt ULOG ipt owner NOTE UC 7408 does NOT support IPV6 and ipchains The basic syntax to enable and load an IPTABLES module is as follows
94. st visited is either experiencing problems or is undergoing routine maintenance If you would like to let the administrator of this website know that you ve seen this page instead of the page you expected you should send them e mail In general mail sent to the name webmaster and directed to the website s domain should reach the appropriate person For example if you experienced problems while visiting www gnomovision com you should send e mail to webmaster gnomovision com The Apache document has been included with this distribution For documentation and information on MontaVista Linux please visit the Monta Vista Software Inc website You are free to use the image below on an Apache powered Web server Thanks for using Apache I Am Powered by v Done To open the default CGI page type http 192 168 3 127 cgi bin printenv in your browser s address box 4 3 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication 5 Mozilla Firefox E File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Help DE G PN D http192 168 3 127egi biniprinteny v 6 GL Getting Started E Latest Headlines DOCU GATE HTTP_ACCEPT text xml appl HTTP A RSET ISO HITP A ENCOD HTTP ACCEPT LANGUA HTTP CONNEC HTTP HOST cation xml appl 59 1 utf 8 q gzip deflate en us en q 0 5 ON keep tml xml text html q 0 9 text plain q 0 8 image png q 0 5 AGENT ozilla 5 0 Windows U Windows
95. sync file system let system file buffer be saved to hardware move file display now file directly list now file system space make new directory delete directory text editor dump file context compress or expand files search string on file get string on file find file where are there dump file by one page test file exist or not sleep seconds echo string ping to test network routing table manager display network status set network ip address UC 7408 User s Manual System Commands Process Other NOLO SI ON IA cbe iX E92 3 kill ps dmesg sty zcat mknod free date env clear reboot halt du gzip gunzip hostname Moxa special utilities vip kversion cat etc version upramdisk downramdisk kill process display now running process dump kernel log message to set serial port dump gz file context make device node display system memory usage print or set the system date and time run a program in a modified environment clear the terminal screen reboot power off on the server halt the server estimate file space usage compress or expand files show system s host name show kernel version show user directory version mount ramdisk unmount ramdisk A 2
96. t cr sbin pump y n DHCE n If you need to explicitly specify a hostname for DHCP requests DHCP HCSINAME address netmask network address broadcast address IPADER s2 168 5 127 NETIMASE 255 255 255 0 arport apts wireless wlan ng conf GATEWAY 10 0 1 1 etc pcmcia network apts etc pcmcia network apts line 1 cf 48 25 3 Configure the Wireless LAN card s default SSID setting profile Default SSID is any lila vi etc wlan wlan conf fetc wlancfg wlancfg DEFAULT are used This expects a file called etc wlan wlancfg linux wlan to be present Use a SSID of to associate with any network in range SESSSSSSS SSID_wlan0 any ENABLE wlan0 y SSID wlanl ENABLE wlanl n SSID wlanz ENABLE wlan2 n iii Consult your network administrator for SSID required in your wireless network For example SSID waln0 any Enable_wlan0 y 4 Duplicate the configuration profile to a new profile cp etc wlan wlancfg DEFAULT etc wlan wlancfg any Il Copy configuration profile DEFAULT to new configuration profile any 5 Configure the WEP setting if WEP is required on your wireless network vi etc wlan wlancfg any Dis En able WEE Settings only matter if ErivacyInvcked is true lnxreqg hostWEEEncrypt false true false Inxreq_hostWEFDecrypt false true false etllPrivacyInvoked false truelfalse datllWEFDefaultKeyIE 0 0111213 dotilExclu
97. t state i 0 else if i 7 quit break else if i 8 show event and duration printf Event n for j 0 j MAX DOUT PORT j retval get din event j amp i amp duration switch i case DIN_EVENT_HIGH_TO_LOW printf htl 1u duration break case DIN EVENT LOW TO HIGH printf lth 1u duration break case DIN EVENT CLEAR printf clr 1u duration break default printf err break printf Nn else printf Select error please select again n switch retval case DIO_ERROR_PORT printf DIO error port n break case DIO_ERROR_MODE printf DIO error mode n break case DIO_ERROR_CONTROL printf DIO error control n break case DIO_ERROR_DURATION printf DIO error duratoin n case DIO_ERROR_DURATION_20MS printf DIO error The duratoin is not a multiple of 20 ms n break return 0 Example 2 File Name tduration c Description The program indicates to connect DO1 to DI and the program will change the digital output state automatically at the fixed frequency and then detect if the event changes of the digital input state is high or low during a different duration include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt signal h gt include lt sys time h gt include fcntl h 5 15 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide include lt unistd h gt include
98. t version control deployment updates and peripherals The information in this chapter will be particularly useful when you need to run the same application on several UC 7408 units The following topics are covered in this chapter O System Version Information O System Image Backup gt Upgrading the Firmware gt Loading Factory Defaults Enabling and Disabling Daemons Setting the Run Level Adjusting the System Time gt Setting the Time Manually gt NTP Client gt Updating the Time Automatically O Cron daemon to Execute Scheduled Commands OA Connecting Peripherals gt CF Mass Storage Ooo UC 7408 User s Manual System Version Information NOTE To determine the hardware capability of your UC 7408 and what kind of software functions are supported check the version numbers of your UC 7408 s hardware kernel and user file system Contact Moxa to determine the hardware version You will need the Production S N Serial number which is located on UC 7408 s bottom label To check the kernel version type kversion To check the user file system version type fsversion 192 T1683 127 PHTTY root Moxa kversion JL odis root Moxa fsversion dL 43 root Moxa The kernel version and user file system version numbers are the same for the factory default configuration and if you download the latest firmware version from Moxa s website and then upgrade UC 7408 s hardware the two version n
99. te to query the UC 7408 which is the SNMP agent UC 7408 will respond SNMP QUERY STARTED 1 sysDescr 0 octet string Linux Moxa 2 4 18_mvl30 ixdp425 1049 Tue Oct 26 09 34 15 CST 2004 armv5teb 2 sysObjectID 0 object identifier enterprises 2021 250 10 3 sysUpTime 0 timeticks 0 days 00h 41m 54s 47th 251447 4 sysContact 0 octet string Root lt root localhost gt configure etc snmp snmp local conf 5 sysName 0 octet string Moxa 6 sysLocation 0 octet string Unknown configure etc snmp snmp local conf 7 system 8 0 timeticks 0 days 00h 00m 00s 22th 22 8 system 9 1 2 1 object identifier mib 2 31 9 system 9 1 2 2 object identifier internet 6 3 1 10 system 9 1 2 3 object identifier mib 2 49 11 system 9 1 2 4 object identifier ip 12 system 9 1 2 5 object identifier mib 2 50 13 system 9 1 2 6 object identifier internet 6 3 16 2 2 1 14 system 9 1 2 7 object identifier internet 6 3 10 3 1 1 15 system 9 1 2 8 object identifier internet 6 3 11 3 1 1 16 system 9 1 2 9 object identifier internet 6 3 15 2 1 1 17 system 9 1 3 1 octet string The MIB module to describe generic objects for network interface sub layers 18 system 9 1 3 2 octet string The MIB module for SNMPv2 entities 19 system 9 1 3 3 octet string The MIB module for managing TCP implementations 20 system 9 1 3 4 octet string The MIB module for managing IP and ICMP implementations 21 system 9 1 3 5 octet string Th
100. ter and modem at 115200 this is a must modem Indicates that this is a modem device pppd will hang up the phone before and after making the call defaultroute Once the PPP link is established make it the default route if you have a PPP link to the Internet this is probably what you want 192 1 1 17 This is a degenerate case of a general option of the form x x x x y y y y Here x x x x is the local IP address and y y y y is the IP address of the remote end of the PPP connection If this option is not specified or if just one side is specified then x x x x defaults to the IP address associated with the local machine s hostname located in etc hosts and y y y y is determined by the remote machine Example 2 Connecting to a PPP server over a hard wired link If a username and password are not required use the following command note that noipdefault is optional pppd connect chat v noipdefault dev ttyMO 19200 crtscts If a username and password is required use the following command note that noipdefault is optional and root is both the username and password pppd connect chat v user root password root noipdefault dev ttyMO 19200 crtscts How to check the connection Once you ve set up a PPP connection there are some steps you can take to test the connection First type sbin ifconfig The folder ifconfig may be located elsewhere depending on your distribution You should be able to see all
101. ters in all chains to zero 4 8 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Examples iptables L n In this example since we do not use the t parameter the system uses the default filter table Three chains are included INPUT OUTPUT and FORWARD INPUT chains are accepted automatically and all connections are accepted without being filtered iptables F iptables X iptables Z Define policy for chain rules Usage iptables t tables P INPUT OUTPUT FORWARD PREROUTING OUTPUT POSTROUTING ACCEPT DROP P Set the policy for the chain to the given target INPUT For packets coming into the UC 7408 OUTPUT For locally generated packets FORWARD For packets routed out through the UC 7408 PREROUTING To alter packets as soon as they come in POSTROUTING To alter packets as they are about to be sent out Examples iptables P INPUT DROP iptables P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables t nat P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables t nat P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables t nat P POSTROUTING ACCEPT In this example the policy accepts outgoing packets and denies incoming packets Append or delete rules Usage iptables t table AI INPUT OUTPUT FORWARD io interface p tcp udp icmp all s IP network sport ports d IP network dport ports j ACCEPT DROP A Append one or more rules to the end of the selected chain I Insert one or more rules in t
102. the network interfaces that are UP pppO should be one of them and you should recognize the first IP address as your own and the P t P address or point to point address the address of your server Here s what it looks like on one machine 4 13 UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Beast 127 255 255 255 Mask 255 0 0 0 UPLOOPBACK RUNNING MTU2000 Metric 1 RX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 ppp Link encap Point to Point Protocol inet addr 192 76 32 3 P t P 129 67 1 165 Mask 255 255 255 0 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 33 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 TX packets 42 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0 Now type ping z z z z where z z z z is the address of your name server This should work Here s what the response could look like waddington p ping 129 67 1 165 PING 129 67 1 165 129 67 1 165 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 0 ttl 225 time 268 ms 64 bytes from 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 1 ttl 225 time 247 ms 64 bytes from 129 67 1 165 icmp_seq 2 ttl 225 time 266 ms BE 129 67 1 165 ping statistics 3 packets transmitted 3 packets received 0 packet loss round trip min avg max 247 260 268 ms waddington Try typing netstat nr This should show three routes something like this Kernel routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use iface 129 67 1 165 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 UH 0 0 6
103. topflag 1 static void do swatchdog void swtd enable swtdfd 500 while stopflag 0 mydelay 250 swtd ack swtdfd swtd disable swtdfd intmain int argc char argv pid t sonpid signal SIGUSR1 stop swatchdog swtdfd swtd open if swtdfd lt 0 printf Open sWatchDog device fail n exit 1 if sonpid fork 0 do swatchdog do user application main function end user application kill sonpid SIGUSR1 swtd close swtdfd 5 9 UC 7408 User s Manual Programmer s Guide UART exit 1 The makefile is shown below all mxscaleb gcc o xxxx xxxx c lmoxalib The normal tty device node is located at dev ttyMO ttyM7 and the modem tty device node is located at dev cum0 cum7 UC 7408 supports Linux standard termios control The Moxa UART Device API allows you to configure ttyMO to ttyM7 as RS 232 RS 422 4 wire RS 485 or 2 wire RS 485 UC 7408 supports RS 232 RS 422 2 wire RS 485 and 4 wire RS485 You must include lt moxadevice h gt define RS232_MODE 0 define RS485_2WIRE_MODE 1 define RS422_MODE 2 define RS485_4WIRE_MODE 3 1 Function MOXA SET OP MODE int ioctl fd MOXA SET OP MODE amp mode Description Set the interface mode Argument 3 mode will pass to the UART device driver and change it 2 Function MOXA GET OP MODE int ioctl fd MOXA GET OP MODE amp mode Description Get the interface mo
104. ubsections will show you how to build a TCP Server program plus serial port communication that runs on the UC 7408 Testing Environment The tcps2 example demonstrates a simple application program that delivers transparent bi directional data transmission between UC 7408 s serial and Ethernet ports As illustrated in the following figure the purpose of this application is to transfer data between PC 1 and the UC 7408 via an RS 232 connection At the remote site data can be transferred between UC 7408 s Ethernet port and PC 2 over an Ethernet connection 2 15 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started PG 1 PC2 Serial Rx Buffer LAN Rx Buffer Compiling tcps2 c The source code for the tcps2 example is located on the CD ROM at CD ROM example TCPServer2 tcps2 c Use the following commands to copy the file to a specific directory on your PC We use the direrctory home uc7400 1st application Note that you need to copy 3 files Makefile tcps2 c tcpsp c from the CD ROM to the target directory mount t iso9660 dev cdrom mnt cdrom cp mnt cdrom example TCPServer2 tcps2 c home uc7400 1st application tcps2 c cp mnt cdrom example TCPServer2 tcpsp c home uc7400 1st application tcpsp c cp mnt cdrom example TCPServer2 Makefile c home uc7400 1st application Makefile c Type make to compile the example code You will get the following response indicating that the example program was compiled successfully 2 1
105. umbers will be the same However to help users define the user file system the kernel and user file system are separate and hence could have different version numbers For this reason we provide two utilities called kversion and fsversion that allow you to check the version numbers of the kernel and file system respectively System Image Backup Upgrading the Firmware A UC 7408 s bios kernel mini file system and user file system are combined into one firmware file which can be downloaded from Moxa s website www moxa com The name of the file has the form uc7408 x x x frm with x x x indicating the firmware version To upgrade the firmware download the firmware file to a PC and then transfer the file to the UC 7408 unit via a serial Console or Telnet Console connection ATTENTION Upgrading the firmware will erase all data on the Flash ROM If you are using the ramdisk to store code for your applications beware that updating the firmware will erase all of the data on the Flash ROM You should back up your application files and data before updating the firmware 3 2 Managing Embedded Linux UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Embedded Linux Since different Flash disks have different sizes it s a good idea to check the size of your Flash disk before upgrading the firmware or before using the disk to store your application and data files Use the d h command to list the size of each memory block and how
106. ution Calculate the maximum possible current in each power wire and common wire Observe all electrical codes dictating the maximum current allowable for each wire size If the current goes above the maximum ratings the wiring could overheat causing serious damage to your equipment Temperature Caution Be careful when handling UC 7408 When plugged in UC 7408 s internal components generate heat and consequently the outer casing may feel hot to the touch 1 8 Introduction UC 7408 User s Manual Introduction You should also observe the following common wiring rules Use separate paths to route wiring for power and devices If power wiring and device wiring paths must cross make sure the wires are perpendicular at the intersection point NOTE Do not run signal or communication wiring and power wiring in the same wire conduit To avoid interference wires with different signal characteristics should be routed separately e You can use the type of signal transmitted through a wire to determine which wires should be kept separate The rule of thumb is that wiring that shares similar electrical characteristics can be bundled together e Keep input wiring and output wiring separate e Where necessary it is strongly advised that you label wiring to all devices in the system Connecting the Power Connect the 12 48 VDC power line with UC 7408 s terminal block If the power is properly supplied the Ready LED will
107. wering on UC 7408 Connect the SG wire to the Shielded Contact located in the upper left corner of the UC 7408 and then power on UC 7408 by connecting it to the power adaptor It takes about 30 to 60 seconds for the system to boot up Once the system is ready the Ready LED will light up and the Network address settings will appear on the LCM display NOTE After connecting UC 7408 to the power supply it will take about 30 to 60 seconds for the operating system to boot up The green Ready LED will not turn on until the operating system is ready Connecting UC 7408 to a PC There are two ways to connect UC 7408 to a PC through the serial Console port or via Telnet over the network Serial Console The serial console port gives users a convenient way of connecting to UC 7408 s console utility This method is particularly useful when using UC 7408 for the first time The signal is transmitted over a direct serial connection so you do not need to know either of UC 7408 s two IP addresses in order to connect to the serial console utility Use the serial console port settings shown below Baud rate 115200 bps Parity None Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Flow Control None Terminal VT100 Once the connection is established the following window will open Y loj xj Tes rosa Embedded Linux Professional Edition OTR Moxa login root RTS Password sist segg Visit SSSSSSS FEFFE gg sgg sss sg
108. when the system boots up Add the following line in the file etc init d rc local etc init d cron start Connecting Peripherals CF Mass Storage The UC 7408 supports PNP and hot pluggability for connecting a CF mass storage device UC 7408 has a built in auto mount utility that eases the mount procedure The CF mass storage device will be mounted automatically by the mount command to mnt hda UC 7408 will be un mounted automatically by umount when you disconnect it 4 Managing Communications In this chapter we explain how to configure UC 7408 s various communication functions The following topics are covered in this chapter O u Ooo Ooo Telnet FTP DNS Web Service A pache gt Saving a Web Page to the CF Card IPTABLES NAT gt NAT Example gt Enabling NAT at Bootup Dial up Service PPP PPPoE NFS Network File System gt Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Server gt Setting up UC 7408 as an NFS Client Mail SNMP Open VPN UC 7408 User s Manual Managing Communication Telnet FTP DNS In addition to supporting Telnet client server and FTP client server the UC 7408 system also supports SSH and sftp client server To enable or disable the Telnet ftp server you first need to edit the file etc inetd conf Enabling the Telnet ftp server The following example shows the default content of the file etc inetd conf The default is to enable the Telnet ftp server discard
109. y distribute the program to additional UC 7408 units if needed Cross Compiler A Installing the Tool Chain Linux NOTE The PC must have the Linux Operating System pre installed before installing the UC 7408 GNU Tool Chain Redhat 7 3 8 0 Fedora core and compatible versions are recommended The Tool Chain requires about 100 MB of hard disk space on your PC The UC 7408 Tool Chain software is located on the UC 7408 CD To install the Tool Chain insert the CD into your PC and then issue the following commands mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom rpm ivh mnt cdrom mxscaleb 3 3 2 6 i386 rpm The Tool Chain will be installed automatically on your Linux PC within a few minutes Before compiling the program be sure to set the following path first since the ToolChain files including the compiler link library and include files are located in this directory PATH usr local mxscaleb bin PATH Setting the path allows you to run the compiler from any directory Refer to Appendix B for an introduction to the Windows Tool Chain In this chapter we use the Linux tool chain to illustrate the cross compiling process 2 13 UC 7408 User s Manual Getting Started Checking the Flash Memory Space If the flash memory is full you will not be able to save data to the Flash ROM Use the following command to calculate the amount of Available flash memory df h Terminal Emulator COM1 115200 N0ne 8 1 V T100 E Bl xl

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

DECLARATION DE NAMAREL - Inter  BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG - The Saltillo Corporation  Elixir Strings 11000  BTX 6220 WP - Bodet Sport  Oki 2400 Printer User Manual  2013 Dodge Avenger User Guide  取扱説明書 - 山田照明  Samsung 22" Business moniteur avec grande fonction ergonomique Manuel de l'utilisateur  PDFで見る - eBASE Webサイト  Canon FAX-B840  

Copyright © All rights reserved. Failed to retrieve file