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Seagate Constellation ST9500430SS hard disk drive

1. R0 30 0 08 C A 1 95 0 08 EN CEG 0 35 0 05 i 3 90 0 15 gt SECTION C C SECTION A A PC CONTACT SURFACE FLUSH TO DATUM A 0 03 t _ 1 23 Ss Y 65 f 1 90 0 08 23 0 05 A x i Detail 2 0 08 0 05 t h 2 40 cocs 0 10 A v SECTION B B D Figure 10 SAS device plug dimensions detail 54 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 10 4 2 Physical characteristics This section defines physical interface connector 10 4 3 Connector requirements Contact your preferred connector manufacturer for mating part information Part numbers for SAS connectors will be provided in a future revision of this publication when production parts are available from major connec tor manufacturers The SAS device connector is illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 10 4 4 Electrical description SAS drives use the device connector for DC power e SAS interface Activity LED This connector is designed to either plug directly into a backpanel or accept cables 10 4 5 Pin descriptions This section provides a pin out of the SAS device and a description of the functions provided by the pins Table 22 SAS pin descriptions Pin Signal name Signal type Pin Signal name Signal type S1 Port A Ground PI NC reserved 3 3Volts S2 Port A_in Diff input pair P2 NC reserved 3 3Volts S3 Port A_in P3 NC r
2. 2 00 3X gt fi 0 52 0 08 x 45 a gt k 0 45 0 03 7X 5 08 I JO 10ME lt 42 73 REF gt lt 41 13 0 15 gt 0 201B 0 30 0 05 2X gt K lt u lt A O B 1 10 4 00 0 08 I gt EA OF DATUM D 0 15 D Y i t 4 4 oa n RO 30 0 08 4X 0 30 0 05 4x B 4 Cc SEE Detaill lt 33 43 0 05 gt p B 15 875 lt 15 875 1 27 14X 27 6 H lt Mr gt 114 0 84 0 05 22X j ee 0 15 A 4 90 0 08 0 35MIN t w i x PLS P1 Sl S7 OF DATUM B Figure 9 SAS device plug dimensions Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 53 Detail A S14 lt 6 10 S8 0 30 0 05 x 45 5X poor Y 2252005 Ey Da 1 i A A i 0 40 0 05 X 45 3X 4 85 0 05 gt 0 10 B Y CORING ALLOWED s IN THIS AREA SEE Detail 2 4 40 0 15
3. Units are in Ul The jitter values given are normative for a combination of deterministic jitter random jitter and sinusoidal jitter that receivers shall be able to tolerate without exceeding a BER of 10712 Receivers shall tolerate sinusoidal jitter of progressively greater amplitude at lower frequencies according to the mask in figure 14 with the same deterministic jitter and random jitter levels as were used in the high frequency sweep Sinusoidal swept frequency 900 kHz to gt 5 MHz Sinusoidal swept frequency 1 800 kHz to gt 5 MHz No value is given for random jitter For compliance with this standard the actual random jitter amplitude shall be the value that brings total jitter to the stated value at a probability of 10712 The additional 0 1 UI of sinusoidal jitter is added to ensure the receiver has sufficient operating margin in the presence of external interference Deterministic jitter 900 kHz to 750 MHz Deterministic jitter 1 800 kHz to 1 500 MHz The deterministic and total values in this table apply to jitter after application of a single pole high pass frequency weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB decade below a frequency of bit rate 1 667 10 5 2 3 3 Compliant jitter test pattern CJTPAT The CJTPAT within a compliant protocol frame is used for all jitter testing unless otherwise specified See the SAS Interface Manual for definition of the required pattern on the phys
4. N Automatic contingent allegiance Asynchronous event notification Synchronized locked spindle operation Segmented caching Zero latency read Queue tagging up to 64 queue tags supported Deferred error handling Parameter rounding controlled by Round bit in Mode Select page 0 Reporting actual retry count in Extended Sense bytes 15 16 and 17 Adaptive caching lt z lt lt lt lt z lt z z SMP 1 in Mode Select command needed to save RPL and rotational offset bytes Table 21 Miscellaneous status Supported Status Y Good Check condition Condition met good Busy Intermediate good Intermediate condition met good Reservation conflict Task set full ACA active z z lt lt lt lt lt lt lt ACA active faulted initiator Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 51 10 4 1 SAS physical interface Figure 8 shows the location of the SAS device connector J1 Figures 9 and 10 provide the dimensions of the SAS connector Details of the physical electrical and logical characteristics are provided within this section The operational aspects of Seagate s SAS drives are provided in the SAS Interface Manual Figure 8 Physical interface 52 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B a 5 92 7 62 gt 0 80 6X
5. Seagate E Product Manual Constellation SAS Standard Models Self Encrypting Drive Models ST9500430SS ST9500431SS 100538693 Rev B March 2009 Revision history Revision Date Sheets affected or comments Rev A 02 03 09 Initial release Rev B 03 05 09 Added ST9500431SS SED model 2009 Seagate Technology LLC All rights reserved Publication number 100538693 Rev B March 2009 Seagate Seagate Technology and the Wave logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC in the United States and or other countries Constellation SeaTools and SeaTDD are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its affiliated companies in the United States and or other countries All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners One gigabyte or GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity Accessible capacity may vary depending on operating environment and formatting Quantitative usage examples for various applications are for illustrative purposes Actual quantities will vary based on various factors including file size file format features and application software Seagate reserves the right to change without notice product offerings or specifications 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 Contents SCOPE iaa A A A aaa 1 Applicable standards and reference documentation 2 2 1 Standards Si een
6. Mode Sense command reports mode page 0x1A e Idle conditions enabled disabled Idle condition timer values 100msec increments default saved current changeable Power Condition Vital Product Data VPD Page VPD page 0x8A Supported power conditions Typical recovery time from power conditions 1msec increments Start Stop Cycle Counter Log Page reports log page 0x0E Specified and accumulated Start Stops and Load Unload cycles Power Condition Transitions Log Page reports log page 0x1A subpage 0x00 e Accumulated transitions to Active Idle1 Idle2 Idle3 Standby2 Standby 6 2 AC power requirements None 6 3 DC power requirements The voltage and current requirements for a single drive are shown below Values indicated apply at the drive connector The standard drive models and the SED drive models have identical hardware however the security and encryption portion of the drive controller ASIC is enabled and functional in the SED models This represents a small additional drain on the 5V supply of about 30mA and a commensurate increase of about 150mW in power consumption There is no additional drain on the 12V supply Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 21 Table 13 500GB drive DC power requirements 500GB standard amp SED models 3 0 Gbit mode Notes Amps Amps Voltage 5V 12V 4 Regulation 5 15 15 2 Avg idle current DCX 1 7 0 34 0 1
7. ready An attempt to do so results in a Check Condition status Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B On drives requiring unique saved values the required unique saved values are stored into the saved val ues storage location on the media prior to shipping the drive Some drives may have unique firmware with unique default values also On standard OEM drives the saved values are taken from the default values list and stored into the saved values storage location on the media prior to shipping 3 Current values Current values are volatile values being used by the drive to control its operation A Mode Select command can be used to change the values identified as changeable values Originally current values are installed from saved or default values after a power on reset hard reset or Bus Device Reset message 4 Changeable values Changeable values form a bit mask stored in nonvolatile memory that dictates which of the current values and saved values can be changed by a Mode Select command A one 1 indicates the value can be changed A zero 0 indicates the value is not changeable For example in Table 19 refer to Mode page 81 in the row entitled CHG These are hex numbers representing the changeable values for Mode page 81 Note in columns 5 and 6 bytes 04 and 05 there is 00h which indicates that in bytes 04 and 05 none of the bits are changeable Note also that bytes 06 07 09 10 and 11 are not change
8. The drive SAS differential signals comply with the intra enclosure internal connector requirements of the SAS standard Table 25 defines the general interface characteristics Table 25 General interface characteristics Characteristic Units 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Bit rate nominal Mbaud 1 500 3 000 Unit interval Ul nominal ps 666 6 333 3 Impedance nominal differential ohm 100 100 Transmitter transients maximum V 1 2 1 2 V 1 2 1 2 Receiver transients maximum 10 5 2 1 Eye masks 10 5 2 1 1 Eye masks overview The eye masks are graphical representations of the voltage and time limits on the signal at the compliance point The time values between X1 and 1 X1 cover all but 10712 of the jitter population The random content of the total jitter population has a range of 7 standard deviations Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 57 10 5 2 1 2 Receive eye mask Figure 12 describes the receive eye mask This eye mask applies to jitter after the application of a single pole high pass frequency weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB decade below a frequency of bit rate 1 667 Absolute amplitude in V Z2 ZI OV Z1 Z2 0 XI x2 1 X1 1 1 X2 Normalized time in UI Figure 12 Receive eye mask Verifying compliance with the limits represented by the receive eye mask should be done with reverse channel traffic present in order that the effect
9. 7 2 1 Admin SP The Admin SP allows the drive s owner to enable or disable firmware download operations see Section 7 4 Access to the Admin SP is available using the SID Secure ID password or the MSID Makers Secure ID password 32 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 7 2 2 Locking SP The Locking SP controls read write access to the media and the cryptographic erase feature Access to the Locking SP is available using the BandMasterX or EraseMaster passwords Since the drive owner can define up to 16 data bands on the drive each data band has its own password called BandMasterX where X is the number of the data band 0 through 15 7 2 3 Default password When the drive is shipped from the factory all passwords are set to the value of MSID This 32 byte random value is printed on the drive label and it can be read by the host electronically over the I O After receipt of the drive it is the responsibility of the owner to use the default MSID password as the authority to change all other passwords to unique owner specified values 7 3 Random number generator RNG The drive has a 32 byte hardware RNG that it is uses to derive encryption keys or if requested to do so to pro vide random numbers to the host for system use including using these numbers as Authentication Keys pass words for the drive s Admin and Locking SPs 7 4 Drive locking In addition to changing the passwords as described in Section 7 2 3 the owner s
10. Random 8 Block Reads 0 600 6 00 SVot A a 12VotA 5 00 Watts 0 500 0 400 4 00 z o o E i 3 00 lt i 0 200 2a 0 100 1 00 0 000 0 00 0 0 50 0 200 0 250 0 100 0 150 0 1 Os per Second Figure 2 ST9500430SS amp ST9500431SS 3 Gbit DC current and power vs input output operations per second Note For power details about SED vs non SED drive please refer to section 7 8 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 25 6 5 Environmental limits Temperature and humidity values experienced by the drive must be such that condensation does not occur on any drive part Altitude and atmospheric pressure specifications are referenced to a standard day at 58 7 F 14 8 C Maximum wet bulb temperature is 82 F 28 C 6 5 1 Temperature a Check Point Operating With cooling designed to maintain the case temperatures the drive meets all specifications over a 41 F to 131 F 5 C to 55 C drive ambient temperature range with a maximum temperature gradient of 36 F 20 C per hour The enclosure for the drive should be designed such that these temperatures not exceeded Air flow may be needed to achieve these temperature values see Section 9 2 Operation at case tempera tures above these values may adversely affect the drives ability to meet specifications The MTBF specification for the drive is based on operating in an environment that ensures that the case temperatures are not exceeded O
11. lt 3 0 GHz and 15 1 10 884dB for 3 0 GHz lt f lt 5 0 GHz where a fis the signal frequency in hertz The TCTF is used to specify the requirements on transmitters that may or may not incorporate pre emphasis or other forms of compensation A compliance interconnect is any physical interconnect with loss equal to or greater than that of the TCTF at the above frequencies that also meets the ISI loss requirements shown in fig ure 17 and figure 18 Compliance with the TCTF test load requirement is verified by measuring the signal produced by the transmit ter through a physical compliance interconnect attached to the transmitter Compliance with the zero length test load requirement verified by measurement made across a load equiva lent to the zero length load shown in figure 16 For both test load cases the transmitter delivers the output voltages and timing listed in table 27 at the desig nated compliance points The default mask is IR for intra cabinet TxRx connections The eye masks are shown in 10 5 2 1 64 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Figure 15 shows the compliance interconnect test load 50 ohm Probe points 50 ohm SAS internal connector Figure 15 Compliance interconnect test load Figure 16 shows the zero length test load i 10 nF 50 ohm SAS internal connector Figure 16 Zero length test load Figure 17 shows an ISI loss example at 3 0 Gbps S dB Complia
12. 976 773 168 3A386030 520 961 538 465 394FE9A1 524 941 486 281 381DFOC9 528 938 165 665 37EB45A1 2 Seagate drives also may be used at the maximum available capacity at a given block size but the excess capacity above the guaranteed level will vary between other drive families and from generation to genera tion depending on how each block size actually formats out for zone frequencies and splits over servo bursts This added capacity potential may range from 0 1 to 1 3 percent above the guaranteed capacities listed above Using the drives in this manner gives the absolute maximum capacity potential but the user must determine if the extra capacity potential is useful or whether their assurance of backward and for ward compatibility takes precedence Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 3 6 Programmable drive capacity Using the Mode Select command the drive can change its capacity to something less than maximum See the Mode Select 6 parameter list table in the SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 A value of zero in the Number of Blocks field indicates that the drive will not change the capacity it is currently formatted to have A number other than zero and less than the maximum number of LBAs in the Number of Blocks field changes the total drive capacity to the value in the Number of Blocks field A value greater than the maximum number of LBAs is rounded down to the maximum capacity 3 7 Factory installed op
13. B 5 2 7 Product warranty Beginning on the date of shipment to the customer and continuing for the period specified in your purchase contract Seagate warrants that each product including components and subassemblies that fails to function properly under normal use due to defect in materials or workmanship or due to nonconformance to the applica ble specifications will be repaired or replaced at Seagate s option and at no charge to the customer if returned by customer at customer s expense to Seagate s designated facility in accordance with Seagate s warranty procedure Seagate will pay for transporting the repair or replacement item to the customer For more detailed warranty information refer to the standard terms and conditions of purchase for Seagate products on your pur chase documentation The remaining warranty for a particular drive can be determined by calling Seagate Customer Service at 1 800 468 3472 You can also determine remaining warranty using the Seagate web site www seagate com The drive serial number is required to determine remaining warranty information Shipping When transporting or shipping a drive use only a Seagate approved container Keep your original box Sea gate approved containers are easily identified by the Seagate Approved Package label Shipping a drive in a non approved container voids the drive warranty Seagate repair centers may refuse receipt of components improperly packaged or obviously damaged
14. Effective altitude sea level a Operating 200 to 10 000 feet 61 to 3 048 meters Non operating 200 to 40 000 feet 61 to 12 210 meters 6 5 4 Shock and vibration Shock and vibration limits specified in this document are measured directly on the drive chassis If the drive is installed in an enclosure to which the stated shock and or vibration criteria is applied resonances may occur internally to the enclosure resulting in drive movement in excess of the stated limits If this situation is apparent it may be necessary to modify the enclosure to minimize drive movement The limits of shock and vibration defined within this document are specified with the drive mounted by any of the four methods shown in Figure 4 and in accordance with the restrictions of Section 9 3 Orientation of the side nearest the LED may be up or down 6 5 4 1 Shock a Operating normal The drive as installed for normal operation shall operate error free while subjected to intermittent shock not exceeding 15 Gs at a maximum duration of 11 msec half sinewave The drive as installed for normal operation shall operate error free while subjected to intermittent shock not exceeding 70 Gs at a maximum duration of 2 msec half sinewave Shock may be applied in the X Y or Z axis Operating abnormal Equipment as installed for normal operation does not incur physical damage while subjected to intermit tent shock not exceeding 40 Gs
15. SED models comply with the standards pub lished by the TCG To use the security features in the drive the host must be capable of constructing and issuing the following two SCSI commands e Security Protocol Out e Security Protocol In These commands are used to convey the TCG protocol to and from the drive in their command payloads 7 1 Data encryption Encrypting drives use one inline encryption engine for each port employing AES 128 data encryption in Cipher Block Chaining CBC mode to encrypt all data prior to being written on the media and to decrypt all data as it is read from the media The encryption engines are always in operation cannot be disabled and do not detract in any way from the performance of the drive The 32 byte Data Encryption Key DEK is a random number which is generated by the drive never leaves the drive and is inaccessible to the host system The DEK is itself encrypted when it is stored on the media and when it is in volatile temporary storage DRAM external to the encryption engine A unique data encryption key is used for each of the drive s possible16 data bands see Section 7 5 7 2 Controlled access The drive has two security partitions SPs called the Admin SP and the Locking SP These act as gate keepers to the drive security services Security related commands will not be accepted unless they also supply the correct credentials to prove the requester is authorized to perform the command
16. Supported Diagnostics pages 00h Y Translate page 40h Y Set Limits 33h N Start Unit Stop Unit spindle ceases rotating 1Bh Y Synchronize Cache 35h Y Synchronize Cache 16 91h N Test Unit Ready 00h Y 46 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Table 17 Supported commands Command name Command code Supported Verify 10 2Fh Y BYTCHK bit Y Verify 12 AFh N Verify 16 AFh N Verify 32 7Fh 000Ah N Write 6 OAh Y Write 10 2Ah Y DPO bit Y FUA bit Y Write 12 AAh N Write 16 8Ah N Write 32 7Fh 000Bh N Write and Verify 10 2Eh Y DPO bit Y Write and Verify 12 AEh N Write and Verify 16 8Eh N Write and Verify 32 7Fh 000Ch N Write Buffer modes 0 2 supported 3Bh Y non SED drives only Write Buffer 3Bh Firmware Download option modes 5 7 Ah and Bh 3 Y non SED drives only Firmware Download option modes 4 5 7 Y SED drives only Write Long 10 sFh Y Write Long 16 9Fh 11h N Write Same 10 41h Y PBdata N LBdata N Write Same 16 93h N Write Same 32 7Fh 000Dh N XDRead 52h N XDWrite 50h N XPWrite 51h N 1 Constellation drives can format to 512 520 524 or 528 bytes per logical block 2 Warning Power loss during flash programming can result in firmware corruption This usually makes the drive inoperable 3 Reference Mode Sense command 1Ah for mode pages supported 4 Y
17. You can use this information to determine if the warning is due to the temperature exceeding the drive threatening temperature or the user specified temperature This feature is controlled by the Enable Warning EWasc bit and the reporting mechanism is controlled by the Method of Reporting Informational Exceptions field MRIE on the Informational Exceptions Control IEC mode page 1Ch The current algorithm implements two temperature trip points The first trip point is set at 65 C which is the maximum temperature limit according to the drive specification The second trip point is user selectable using the Log Select command The reference temperature parameter in the temperature log page see Table 12 can be used to set this trip point The default value for this drive is 65 C however you can set it to any value in the range of 0 to 65 C If you specify a temperature greater than 65 C in this field the temperature is rounded down to 65 C A sense code is sent to the host to indicate the rounding of the parameter field Table 12 Temperature Log Page 0Dh Parameter Code Description 0000h Primary Temperature 0001h Reference Temperature 16 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 5 2 6 Drive Self Test DST Drive Self Test DST is a technology designed to recognize drive fault conditions that qualify the drive as a failed unit DST validates the functionality of the drive at a system level There are two test c
18. at a maximum duration of 11 msec half sinewave Shock occurring at abnormal levels may promote degraded operational performance during the abnormal shock period Speci fied operational performance will continue when normal operating shock levels resume Shock may be applied in the X Y or Z axis Shock is not to be repeated more than two times per second Non operating The limits of non operating shock shall apply to all conditions of handling and transportation This includes both isolated drives and integrated drives The drive subjected to nonrepetitive shock not exceeding 80 Gs at a maximum duration of 11 msec half sinewave shall not exhibit device damage or performance degradation Shock may be applied in the X Y or Z axis The drive subjected to nonrepetitive shock not exceeding 400 Gs at a maximum duration of 2 msec half sinewave does not exhibit device damage or performance degradation Shock may be applied in the X Y or Z axis The drive subjected to nonrepetitive shock not exceeding 200 Gs at a maximum duration of 0 5 msec half sinewave does not exhibit device damage or performance degradation Shock may be applied in the X Y or Z axis Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 27 d Packaged Disc drives shipped as loose load not palletized general freight will be packaged to withstand drops from heights as defined in the table below For additional details refer to Seagate specifications 30190 001 under 100 I
19. density storage requirements Constellation drives are random access storage devices designed to support the Serial Attached SCSI Proto col as described in the ANSI specifications this document and the SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 which describes the general interface characteristics of this drive Constellation drives are classi fied as intelligent peripherals and provide level 2 conformance highest level with the ANSI SCSI 1 standard The SAS connectors cables and electrical interface are compatible with Serial ATA SATA giving future users the choice of populating their systems with either SAS or SATA hard disc drives This allows you to continue to leverage your existing investment in SCSI while gaining a 6Gb s serial data transfer rate The Self Encrypting Drive models indicated on the cover of this product manual have provisions for Security of Data at Rest based on the standards defined by the Trusted Computing Group see www trustedcomputing group org The head and disc assembly HDA is sealed at the factory Air recirculates within the HDA through a non replaceable filter to maintain a contamination free HDA environment Note Never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure heads media actuator etc as this requires special facilities The drive does not contain user replaceable parts Opening the HDA for any reason voids your warranty Constellation drives use
20. has received the Notify Spinup primitive See paragraph 6 3 1 Conducted noise immunity Specified voltage tolerance includes ripple noise and transient response Operating condition is defined as random 8 block reads During idle the drive heads are relocated every 60 seconds to a random location within the band from three quarters to maximum track General DC power requirement notes 1 Minimum current loading for each supply voltage is not less than 1 7 of the maximum operating current shown 2 The 5V and 12V supplies should employ separate ground returns 3 Where power is provided to multiple drives from a common supply careful consideration for individual drive power requirements should be noted Where multiple units are powered on simultaneously the peak starting current must be available to each device 4 Parameters other than spindle start are measured after a 10 minute warm up 5 No terminator power 6 3 1 Conducted noise immunity Noise is specified as a periodic and random distribution of frequencies covering a band from DC to 10 MHz Maximum allowed noise values given below are peak to peak measurements and apply at the drive power connector 5v 250 mV pp from 0 to 100 kHz to 20 MHz 12v 800 mV pp from 100 Hz to 8 KHz 450 mV pp from 8 KHz to 20 KHz 250 mV pp from 20 KHz to 5 MHz 6 3 2 Power sequencing The drive does not require power sequencing The drive protects against inadvertent writing dur
21. link reset once per 2 seconds assuming both ports are out of sync If the self test fails the drive does not respond to link reset on the failing port Note It is the responsibility of the systems integrator to assure that no temperature energy voltage haz ard or ESD potential hazard is presented during the hot connect disconnect operation Discharge the static electricity from the drive carrier prior to inserting it into the system 14 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Caution The drive motor must come to a complete stop prior to changing the plane of operation This time is required to insure data integrity 5 2 4 S M A R T S M A R T is an acronym for Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology This technology is intended to recognize conditions that indicate imminent drive failure and is designed to provide sufficient warning of a failure to allow you to back up the data before an actual failure occurs Note The drive s firmware monitors specific attributes for degradation over time but can t predict instanta neous drive failures Each monitored attribute has been selected to monitor a specific set of failure conditions in the operating per formance of the drive and the thresholds are optimized to minimize false and failed predictions Controlling S M A R T The operating mode of S M A R T is controlled by the DEXCPT and PERF bits on the Informational Exceptions Control mode page 1Ch Use the
22. only to homoge nous ground applications e g between devices within an enclosure or rack or between enclosures intercon nected by a common ground return or ground plane 10 5 2 4 1 Transmitter characteristics The drive are D C coupled Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 63 A combination of a zero length test load and the transmitter compliance transfer function TCTF test load methodology is used for the specification of transmitter characteristics This methodology specifies the trans mitter signal at the test points on the required test loads The transmitter uses the same settings e g pre emphasis voltage swing with both the zero length test load and the TCTF test load The signal specifications at IR are met under each of these loading conditions The TCTF is the mathematical statement of the transfer function through which the transmitter shall be capable of producing acceptable signals as defined by a receive mask The transmission magnitude response of the TCTF in dB is given by the following equation for 1 5 Gbps z 20 x log e X 6 5x10 x 2 0x10x 3 3x 10 x dB for 50 MHz lt f lt 1 5 GHz and 151 5 437dB for 1 5 GHz lt f lt 5 0 GHz where a fis the signal frequency in hertz The transmission magnitude response of the TCTF in dB is given by the following equation for 3 0 Gbps 21 20 x log e x 6 5 x 10 x f 2 0 x 101 xf 3 3 x10 xf dB for 50 MHz lt f
23. this and other Sea gate SAS drives The Self Encrypting Drive Reference Manual part number 100515636 describes the inter face general operation and security features available on Self Encrypting Drive models Note Previous generations of Seagate Self Encrypting Drive models were called Full Disk Encryption FDE models before a differentiation between drive based encryption and other forms of encryp tion was necessary Product data communicated in this manual is specific only to the model numbers listed in this manual The data listed in this manual may not be predictive of future generation specifications or requirements If you are designing a system which will use one of the models listed or future generation products and need further assistance please contact your Field Applications Engineer FAE or our global support services group as shown in Section 11 0 Unless otherwise stated the information in this manual applies to standard and Self Encrypting Drive models Model Number Self Encrypting Drive SED ST9500430SS No ST9500431SS Yes Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 1 2 0 Applicable standards and reference documentation The drives documented in this manual have been developed as system peripherals to the highest standards of design and construction The drives depends on host equipment to provide adequate power and environment for optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmen
24. 0 for 1 5 Gbps 1 5 Le From 3 0 x 10 for 3 0 Gbps 1 0 0 1 0 Fuom 25 000 Fyoy 1 667 Frequency in kHz Figure 14 Sinusoidal jitter mask Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 59 10 5 2 2 Transmitter signal characteristics Table 26 specifies the signal requirements at the transmitter end of a TxRx connection as measured into the zero length test load All specifications are based on differential measurements The OOB sequence is performed at signal voltage levels corresponding to the lowest supported transfer rate Table 26 specifies the signal characteristics Table 26 Transmitter signal characteristics Signal characteristic Units 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Skew ps 20 15 Tx Off Voltage mV P P lt 50 lt 50 Maximum rise fall time ps 273 137 Minimum rise fall time ps 67 67 Maximum transmitter output imbalance 10 10 OOB offset delta mV 25 25 OOB common mode deltaY mV 50 50 a b a All tests in this table shall be performed with zero length test load shown in figure 16 The skew measurement shall be made at the midpoint of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical link The same stable trigger coherent to the data stream shall be used for both the Tx and Tx signals Skew is defined as the time difference between the means of the midpoint crossing times of the Tx signal and the Tx signal The transmitter off voltage is the maximum A C vo
25. 0 Advanced idle current Idle 1 0 34 0 10 Idle 2 0 25 0 08 Idle 3 Standby 2 0 25 0 05 Standby 1 0 23 0 02 Maximum starting current peak DC DC 30 5 0 47 0 81 peak AC AC 30 5 0 80 1 05 Delayed motor start max DC 30 1 6 0 51 0 02 Peak operating current random read Typical DCX 1 6 0 41 0 16 Maximum DC 30 1 0 45 0 16 Maximum peak DC 30 0 94 0 58 Peak operating current random write Typical DCX 0 46 0 14 Maximum DC 30 0 51 0 15 Maximum peak DC 30 1 28 0 60 Peak operating current sequential read Typical DCX 0 71 0 12 Maximum DC 30 0 78 0 13 Maximum peak DC 30 1 00 0 22 Peak operating current sequential write Typical DCX 0 81 0 12 Maximum DC 30 0 85 0 13 Maximum peak DC 30 1 34 0 20 1 Measured with average reading DC ammeter 2 Instantaneous 12V current peaks will exceed these values 3 Power supply at nominal voltage N number of drives tested 6 35 Degrees C ambient 4 For 12 V a 10 tolerance is allowed during initial spindle start but must return to 5 before reaching 9 936 RPM The 5 must be maintained after the drive signifies that its power up sequence has been 22 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 5 6 7 8 9 completed and that the drive is able to accept selection by the host initiator See 12V current profile in Figure 1 This condition occurs after OOB and Speed Negotiation completes but before the drive
26. 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 84 16 01 db dc 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1c 20 00 00 CHG 84 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 87 0a 00 Ob ff 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff CHG 87 Oa Of ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff ff DEF 88 12 14 00 ff ff 00 00 ff ff ff ff 80 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 88 12 a5 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 8a 0a 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 14 CHG 8a 0a 03 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 18 06 06 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 18 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 99 Oe 06 00 07 do 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CHG 99 0e 10 00 ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 9a 26 00 06 00 00 00 0a 00 00 8c a0 00 00 17 70 00 00 46 50 00 00 46 50 00 91 21 34 05 14 07 80 07 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 CHG gt Va 26 OL OF EE EF fE FF LE FE FE EE FF CE EE LF EE CE FF FE Ef FE ff FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DEF 9c 0a 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 CHG 9c Oa 9d Of ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff DEF 80 06 00 80 Of 00 00 00 CHG 80 06 b7 cO 8f 00 00 00 50 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 10 4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions Table 20 lists various features and conditions A Y in the support column indicates the feature or condition is supported An N in the support column indicates the feature or condition is not supported Table 20 Miscellaneous features Supported Feature or condition
27. 20 Max near end crosstalk mV P P 100 100 a The value for X1 shall be half the value given for total jitter in table 28 The test or analysis shall include the effects of a single pole high pass frequency weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB decade below a frequency of bit rate 1 667 The value for X1 applies at a total jitter probability of 10 12 At this level of probability direct visual comparison between the mask and actual signals is not a valid method for determining compliance with the jitter output requirements With a measurement bandwidth of 1 5 times the baud rate i e 4 5 GHz for 3 0 Gbps The skew measurement shall be made at the midpoint of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical link The same stable trigger coherent to the data stream shall be used for both the Rx and Rx signals Skew is defined as the time difference between the means of the midpoint crossing times of the Rx signal and the Rx signal Near end crosstalk is the unwanted signal amplitude at receiver terminals DR CR and XR coupled from signals and noise sources other than the desired signal Refer to SFF 8410 10 5 2 3 1 Jitter Table 28 defines the maximum allowable jitter Table 28 Maximum allowable jitter 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Deterministic jitter Total jitterc d e f Deterministic jittere Total jitterc d e f 0 35 0 55 0 35 0 55 oo Units are in UI The
28. 5 1 3 SA ia le aa Se ga oo ai Aas 14 5 1 4 Interface SOS curiosa tarada ie dai ua 14 5 2 Reliability and Service o ooooooooocoorar eee ee 14 5 2 1 Annualized Failure Rate AFR and Mean Time Between Failure MTBF 14 5 2 2 PreventivemaintenanCe c c c 14 5 2 3 Hot plugging the drive lt s au sa a e eee 14 5 2 4 SMAR Doreir thea te a doica ee ala ein 15 5 2 5 Thermal monitor dc deb alk de adi 16 5 2 6 Drive Self Test DST eee ete ema e a a a ma e R a 17 5 2 7 Product Warranty u se o oi too ep a rea atea 19 Physical electrical specifications eee eee 20 6 1 PowerChoice power management a c cc 20 6 1 1 PowerChoice reporting methods o 21 6 2 ACpowerrequiremeNtS c c 21 6 3 DC powerrequirementS c c cc ccc cc 21 6 3 1 Conducted noise immuNity aa 23 6 3 2 Power seguencing sect ec ite AE RE RAR n 23 6 3 3 Current profiles cs sii daneo a e i a E a a E a 24 6 4 Power dissipation insae ee e Me A ets 25 6 5 Environmental limits 26 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 6 5 1 Temperature ca 26 6 5 2 Relative humidity sc ais o ae pri pi alpe a Aa Papi n 27 6 5 3 Effective altitude sea level 27 6 5 4 Shock and vibration c 27 6 5 5 Air cleanliness 0 29 6 5 6 Corrosive environment 29 6 5 7 ACOUSUCS FL dd
29. 6 transporting the drive 19 Trusted Computing Group 32 U unformatted 7 Unrecoverable Errors 13 unrecovered media data 13 V vibration 27 29 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B W warranty 19 Z zero latency read 51 zone bit recording ZBR 6 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 73 74 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Seagate Seagate Technology LLC 920 Disc Drive Scotts Valley California 95066 4544 USA Publication Number 100538693 Rev B Printed in USA
30. At te AR ea 2 2 1 1 Electromagnetic compatibility 2 2 1 2 Electromagnetic compliance cnc 3 2 1 3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS 4 2 2 Reference documents 4 General description word 68 AR EE R A 5 3 1 Standard features 4 05 iatale riga tag at o gti 6 3 2 Media description o 6 3 3 Performance si dead renne Api wd i e dona ATA AE dt 7 3 4 Rellabilityi sio re dica iaia Sia dei ia gas 7 3 5 Formatted capacities con 7 3 6 Programmable drive capacity 8 3 7 Factory installed Options 8 Performance characteristics Li 9 4 1 Internal drive characteristics c c 22 222 222 9 4 2 SeekperformancecharacteristiCS c c eee 9 4 2 1 ACCESS UME titan DES LI lat a ee ee et 9 4 2 2 Format command execution time for 512 byte sectors minutes 10 423 General performance characteristiCS c 2 22 10 4 3 Stall Stop times v6 vies hot tes LE NN eh bot durat T S ool aa 10 4 4 Prefetch multi segmented cache control c c c 2 2222 11 4 5 Cache Operation cia B RR GAS AE we aaa lea SOAR heen BON Vi IAA a 11 4 5 1 Caching write data 12 4 5 2 Prefetch operation c c c 12 Reliability specifications ccm ee manea 13 5 1 Errorrates i tarada weet oie att ete ee AS ebano 13 5 1 1 Recoverable Errors nana 13 5 1 2 Unrecoverable Errors nana 13
31. Buffer Over run Under run page 01h Cache Statistics page 37h Factory Log page 3Eh z lt lt z lt lt lt z z z lt lt z z lt lt 2 lt lt lt lt lt x z lt z z z z Information Exceptions Log page 2Fh 44 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Table 17 Supported commands Command name Command code Supported Last n Deferred Errors or Asynchronous Events page 0Bh Last n Error Events page 07h Non medium Error page 06h Pages Supported list 00h Read Error Counter page 03h Read Reverse Error Counter page 04h Self test Results page 10h Start stop Cycle Counter page 0Eh Temperature page 0Dh Verify Error Counter page 05h Write error counter page 02h N Mode Select same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah 15h Mode Select 10 same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah 55h Mode Sense 1Ah N Caching Parameters page 08h Control Mode page 0Ah Disconnect Reconnect 02h Error Recovery page 01h Format page 03h Notch and Partition Page OCh Protocol Specific Port page 19h Power Condition page 1Ah Rigid Disc Drive Geometry page 04h Unit Attention page 00h Verify Error Recovery page 07h Xor Control page 10h Mode Sense 10 same pages as Mode Sense 1Ah 5Ah Persistent Reserve In 5
32. DEK 32 description 5 69 dimensions 31 disc rotation speed 9 drive 29 drive characteristics 9 drive failure 14 Drive Locking 33 drive mounting 31 41 drive select 55 dual port support 43 E electrical description of connector 55 signal characteristics 56 specifications 20 electromagnetic compatibility 2 Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union 3 electromagnetic susceptibility 30 EMI requirements 2 encryption engine 32 encryption key 33 environment 40 environmental limits 26 requirements 13 environmental control 29 EraseMaster 33 error management 35 rates 13 errors 35 European Union 3 F FCC rules and regulations 2 features 6 interface 42 firmware 6 corruption 47 firmware download port 33 flawed sector reallocation 6 Format command execution time 10 front panel 31 function complete code 00 42 not supported code 05 42 reject code 04 42 G Global Data Band 33 Good status 51 gradient 26 27 ground shift noise 56 70 grounding 41 H HDA 40 41 head and disc assembly HDA 5 head and disc assembly See HDA heads read write data 9 heat removal 40 heat source 40 host equipment 41 hot plugging the drive 14 humidity 27 humidity limits 26 Idle Read After Write 38 Idle1 20 Idle2 20 Idle3 20 inquiry data 48 installation 39 guide 4 interface commands supported 44 errorrate 13 errors 14 illustrated 52 physical 52 requirements 42 interleave minimum 10 intermediate
33. DEXCPT bit to enable or disable the S M A R T feature Setting the DEX CPT bit disables all S M A R T functions When enabled S M A R T collects on line data as the drive performs normal read and write operations When the PERF bit is set the drive is considered to be in On line Mode Only and will not perform off line functions You can measure off line attributes and force the drive to save the data by using the Rezero Unit command Forcing S M A R T resets the timer so that the next scheduled interrupt is in two hours You can interrogate the drive through the host to determine the time remaining before the next scheduled mea surement and data logging process occurs To accomplish this issue a Log Sense command to log page 0x3E This allows you to control when S M A R T interruptions occur Forcing S M A R T with the RTZ command resets the timer Performance impact S M A R T attribute data is saved to the disc so that the events that caused a predictive failure can be recre ated The drive measures and saves parameters once every two hours subject to an idle period on the drive interfaces The process of measuring off line attribute data and saving data to the disc is uninterruptable The maximum on line only processing delay is summarized below Maximum processing delay On line only delay Fully enabled delay DEXCPT 0 PERF 1 DEXCPT 0 PERF 0 S M A R T delay times 220 milliseconds 455 milliseconds Reporting contro
34. Eh Persistent Reserve Out 5Fh Prefetch 34h Read 6 08h Read 10 28h DPO bit supported FUA bit supported Read 12 A8h Read 16 88h Read 32 7Fh 0009h N N Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Information Exceptions Control page 1Ch Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N N N Y Read Buffer modes 0 2 3 Ah and Bh supported 3Ch non SED drives only Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 45 Table 17 Supported commands Command name Command code Supported Read Capacity 10 25h Y Read Capacity 16 9Eh 10h N Read Defect Data 10 37h Y Read Defect Data 12 B7h Y Read Long 3Eh Y non SED drives only Read Long 16 9Eh 11h N Reassign Blocks 07h Y Receive Diagnostic Results 1Ch Y Supported Diagnostics pages 00h Y Translate page 40h Y Release 17h Y Release 10 57h Y Report LUNs AOh Y Request Sense 03h Y Actual Retry Count bytes Y Extended Sense Y Field Pointer bytes Y Reserve 16h Y 3rd Party Reserve Y Extent Reservation N Reserve 10 56h Y 3rd Party Reserve Y Extent Reservation N Rezero Unit 01h Y Search Data Equal 31h N Search Data High 30h N Search Data Low 32h N Security Protocol In A2h Y SED models only Security Protocol Out B5h Y SED models only Seek 6 OBh Y Seek 10 2Bh Y Send Diagnostics 1Dh Y
35. FY Enable Spinup command PowerChoice can be invoked using one of these two methods Power Condition mode page method Enable and initialize the idle condition timers and or the standby con dition timers The timer values are based on the values set in the Power Condition mode page START STOP UNIT command method Use the START STOP UNIT command OPERATION CODE 1Bh This allows the host to directly transition the drive to any supported PowerChoice mode If both the Power Condition mode page and START STOP UNIT command methods are used the START STOP UNIT command request takes precedence over the Power Condition mode page power control and may disable the idle condition and standby condition timers The REQUEST SENSE command reports the current PowerChoice state if active and also the method by which the drive entered the PowerChoice state When the drive receives a command all power condition timers are suspended if they were enabled via the Power Condition mode page Once all outstanding commands are processed the power condition timers are reinitialized to the values defined in the Power Condition mode page 20 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 6 1 1 PowerChoice reporting methods PowerChoice provides these reporting methods for tracking purposes Request Sense command reports e Current power condition e Method of entry Note Processing the Request Sense command does not impact the drive s power save state
36. Idle Read After Write see Section 8 7 The read error rates and specified storage capacities are not dependent on host initiator defect management routines 8 1 Drive internal defects errors During the initial drive format operation at the factory media defects are identified tagged as being unusable and their locations recorded on the drive primary defects list referred to as the P list and also as the ETF defect list At factory format time these known defects are also reallocated that is reassigned to a new place on the medium and the location listed in the defects reallocation table The P list is not altered after factory formatting Locations of defects found and reallocated during error recovery procedures after drive shipment are listed in the G list defects growth list The P and G lists may be referenced by the initiator using the Read Defect Data command Details of the SCSI commands supported by the drive are described in the SAS Interface Manual Also more information on the drive Error Recovery philosophy is presented in the SAS Interface Manual 8 2 Drive error recovery procedures When an error occurs during drive operation the drive if programmed to do so performs error recovery proce dures to attempt to recover the data The error recovery procedures used depend on the options previously set in the Error Recovery Parameters mode page Error recovery and defect management may involve u
37. O O Pr AA CENTERL INE O 2 590 i A z 1 315 190 2 720 039 z X TF lt CONNECTOR TAB CENTERLINE d i SI L A 379 60 4X M3 X 0 5 6 370 020 11 850 GIN Da V 118 MIN BLIND 030 VW 148 X 90 8 014 z x vy 3 395 gt Y Lmz 3 395 4X M3_X 5 6H 379 Y 120 MIN BLIND Y 19 148 010 X 90 118 6 014 2 x Y 305 T 5814 008 12 x 305 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT LOCATION Figure 5 Mounting configuration dimensions Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 31 7 0 About self encrypting drives Self encrypting drives SEDs offer encryption and security services for the protection of stored data com monly known as protection of data at rest These drives are compliant with the Trusted Computing Group TCG Enterprise Storage Specifications as detailed in Section 2 2 The Trusted Computing Group TCG is an organization sponsored and operated by companies in the com puter storage and digital communications industry Seagate s
38. P UNIT command with the START bit and IMMED bit equal to 1 and does not receive a NOTIFY ENABLE SPINUP primitive within 5 seconds the drive fails the START STOP UNIT command The START STOP UNIT command may be used to command the drive to stop the spindle Stop time is 20 sec onds maximum from removal of DC power SCSI stop time is 20 seconds There is no power control switch on the drive 10 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 4 4 Prefetch multi segmented cache control The drive provides a prefetch read look ahead and multi segmented cache control algorithms that in many cases can enhance system performance Cache refers to the drive buffer storage space when it is used in cache operations To select this feature the host sends the Mode Select command with the proper values in the applicable bytes in page 08h Prefetch and cache operations are independent features from the standpoint that each is enabled and disabled independently using the Mode Select command however in actual opera tion the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as described in sections 4 5 1 and 4 5 2 All default cache and prefetch mode parameter values Mode Page 08h for standard OEM versions of this drive family are given in Table 19 4 5 Cache operation Note Refer to the SAS Interface Manual for more detail concerning the cache bits Of the 16 Mbytes physical buffer space in the drive approximately 13 000 kbytes can be used as a cache T
39. The purpose of the short test is to provide a time limited test that tests as much of the drive as possible within 120 seconds The short test does not scan the entire media surface but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media A complete read verify scan is not performed and only factual failures will report a fault condition This option provides a quick confidence test of the drive Extended test Function Code 010b The objective of the extended test option is to empirically test critical drive components For example the seek tests and on track operations test the positioning mechanism The read operation tests the read head element and the media surface The write element is tested through read write read operations The integrity of the media is checked through a read verify scan of the media Motor functionality is tested by default as a part of these tests The anticipated length of the Extended test is reported through the Control Mode page 5 2 6 2 4 Log page entries When the drive begins DST it creates a new entry in the Self test Results Log page The new entry is created by inserting a new self test parameter block at the beginning of the self test results log parameter section of the log page Existing data will be moved to make room for the new parameter block The drive reports 20 param eter blocks in the log page If there are more than 20 parameter blocks the least recent parameter block will be deleted Th
40. Yes Command is supported N No Command is not supported A Support is available on special request Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 47 10 3 1 Inquiry data Table 18 lists the Inquiry command data that the drive should return to the initiator per the format given in the SAS Interface Manual Table 18 Constellation inquiry data Bytes Data hex 0 15 00 00 xx 12 8B 00 PP OA 53 45 41 47 41 54 45 20 Vendor ID 16 31 53 54 39 35 30 30 34 33 30 53 53 20 20 20 20 20 Product ID 32 47 R R R R S SA S SA S S S S 00 00 00 00 48 63 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 64 79 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 96 111 00 43 6F 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 63 29 20 32 Copyright 112 127 30 30 36 20 53 65 61 67 61 74 65 20 41 6C 6C 20 notice 128 143 72 69 67 68 74 73 20 72 65 73 65 72 76 65 64 20 k PP R St Copyright year changes with actual year SCSI Revision support See the appropriate SPC release documentation for definitions 10 Inquiry data for an Inquiry command received on Port A 30 Inquiry data for an Inquiry command received on Port B Four ASCII digits representing the last four digits of the product firmware release number Eight ASCII digits representing the eight digits of t
41. ZE a 41 Interface requirements 42 10 1 SAS features ai A ee gan ATA a nel A eed oe i 42 10 1 1 taskmanagementfunctioNS e eee eee 42 10 1 2 task management responses 0220222224 42 10 2 Dual port SUPPOM is pal dad d te on 8 i 43 10 3 SCSI commands supported 44 10 3 1 Inquiry data si elie ar G gl ai aaa a Bhs ei 48 10 3 2 Mode Sense data cires 24 iae a Land eee eens 48 10 4 Miscellaneous operating features and conditions 51 10 4 1 SAS physical interface ccm 52 10 4 2 Physical characteristics v sose 222 0420044243 eee 55 10 4 3 Connector requirements 55 10 44 Electrical description 55 104 5 Pin descriptions 55 10 46 SAS transmitters and receivers cuc 2 56 10 47 POWER si iii Ge e E ie t E ai ea 56 10 59 Signalcharacteristies i pei atar a te i Re 38 40424 56 10 53 Ready LED OU isca ra oaze 62 bata a oak Air iii 56 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 10 5 2 Differential signals 11 0 Seagate Technology support services Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 1 0 Scope This manual describes Seagate Technology LLC Constellation SAS Serial Attached SCSI disc drives Constellation drives support the SAS Protocol specifications to the extent described in this manual The SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 describes the general SAS characteristics of
42. a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possi bility of destroying or degrading data by landing in the data zone The heads automatically go to the landing zone when power is removed from the drive An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement dur ing shipping and handling The shipping lock disengages and the head load process begins when power is applied to the drive Constellation drives decode track 0 location data from the servo data embedded on each surface to eliminate mechanical transducer adjustments and related reliability concerns The drives also use a high performance actuator assembly with a low inertia balanced patented straight arm design that provides excellent performance with minimal power dissipation Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 5 3 1 Standard features Constellation drives have the following standard features Perpendicular recording technology 1 5 3 6 Gbit Serial Attached SCSI SAS interface Integrated dual port SAS controller supporting the SCSI protocol Support for SAS expanders and fanout adapters Firmware downloadable using the SAS interface 128 deep task set queue Supports up to 32 initiators Jumperless configuration User selectable logical block size 512 520 524 or 528 bytes per logical block Industry standard SFF 2 5 inch dimensions Programmable logical block reallocation sche
43. able because those fields are all zeros In byte 02 hex value FF equates to the binary pattern 11111111 If there is a zero in any bit position in the field it means that bit is not changeable Since all of the bits in byte 02 are ones all of these bits are changeable The changeable values list can only be changed by downloading new firmware into the flash E PROM Note Because there are often several different versions of drive control firmware in the total population of drives in the field the Mode Sense values given in the following tables may not exactly match those of some drives The following tables list the values of the data bytes returned by the drive in response to the Mode Sense com mand pages for SCSI implementation see the SAS Interface Manual DEF Default value Standard OEM drives are shipped configured this way CHG Changeable bits indicates if default value is changeable Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 49 Table 19 Mode Sense data changeable and default values for ST9500430SS ST9500431SS drives MODE DATA HEADER 01 92 00 10 00 00 00 08 BLOCK DESCRIPTOR 3a 38 60 30 00 00 02 00 MODE PAGES DEF 81 0a c0 Ob ff 00 00 00 05 00 ff ff CHG 81 0a ff ff 00 00 00 00 ff 00 ff ff DEF 82 Oe 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 3a 00 00 00 00 CHG 82 Oe 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 00 00 00 00 DEF 83 16 bb dO 00 00 00 00 03 80 04 c4 02 00 00 01 00 b7 00 39 40 00 00 00 CHG 83 16 00 00 00
44. ally distort the drive by attempting to mount it on a stiff non flat surface The allowable mounting surface stiffness is 80 Ib in 14 0 N mm The following equation and paragraph define the allowable mounting surface stiffness K x X F lt 15lb 67N where K is the mounting surface stiffness units in Ib in or N mm and X is the out of plane surface distortion units in inches or millimeters The out of plane distortion X is determined by defining a plane with three of the four mounting points fixed and evaluating the out of plane deflection of the fourth mounting point when a known force F is applied to the fourth point 9 4 Grounding Signal ground PCBA and HDA ground are connected together in the drive and cannot be separated by the user The equipment in which the drive is mounted is connected directly to the HDA and PCBA with no electri cally isolating shock mounts If it is desired for the system chassis to not be connected to the HDA PCBA ground the systems integrator or user must provide a nonconductive electrically isolating method of mount ing the drive in the host equipment Increased radiated emissions may result if you do not provide the maximum surface area ground connection between system ground and drive ground This is the system designer s and integrator s responsibility Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 41 10 0 Interface requirements This section partially describes the interface requirements
45. ands spindle stops spinning e Adaptive seek velocity improved seek performance Note There is no significant performance difference between Self Encrypting Drive and standard non Self Encrypting Drive models 3 4 Reliability e Annualized Failure Rate AFR of 0 73 e Mean time between failures MTBF of 1 200 000 hours Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator Incorporates industry standard Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology S M A R T 5 year warranty 3 5 Formatted capacities Standard OEM models are formatted to 512 bytes per block The block size is selectable at format time and must be a multiple of 4 bytes Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed To provide a stable target capacity environment and at the same time provide users with flexibility if they choose Seagate recommends product planning in one of two modes 1 Seagate designs specify capacity points at certain block sizes that Seagate guarantees current and future products will meet We recommend customers use this capacity in their project planning as it ensures a stable operating point with backward and forward compatibility from generation to generation The current guaranteed operating points for this product are Capacity Blocks ST9500430SS amp ST9500431SS Sector Size Decimal Hex 512
46. as implemented on Constellation drives Additional information is provided in the SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 10 1 SAS features This section lists the SAS specific features supported by Constellation drives 10 1 1 task management functions Table 15 lists the SAS task management functions supported Table 15 SAS task management functions supported Task name Supported Abort Task Yes Clear ACA Yes Clear task set Yes Abort task set Yes Logical Unit Reset Yes Query Task Yes 10 1 2 task management responses Table 16 lists the SAS response codes returned for task management functions supported Table 16 Task management response codes Function name Response code Function complete 00 Invalid frame 02 Function not supported 04 Function failed 05 Function succeeded 08 Invalid logical unit 09 42 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 10 2 Dual port support Constellation SAS drives have two independent ports These ports may be connected in the same or different SCSI domains Each drive port has a unique SAS address The two ports run at the same link rate The first port to successfully complete speed negotiation sets the link rate support by both ports When the second port participates in speed negotiation it indicates the only sup ported speed is the speed selected by the first port If the first port to complete speed negotiation looses sync before
47. ate com any time from anywhere in the world Global Customer Support Presales Support Our Presales Support staff can help you determine which Seagate products are best suited for your specific application or computer system as well as product availability and compatibility Technical Support Seagate technical support is available to assist you online at support seagate com or through one of our call centers Have your system configuration information and your ST model product number available Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 67 Customer Service Operations Warranty Service Seagate offers worldwide customer support for Seagate products Seagate distributors OEMs and other direct customers should contact their Seagate Customer Service Operations CSO representative for warranty related issues Resellers or end users of drive products should contact their place of purchase or Seagate war ranty service for assistance Have your serial number and model or part number available Data Recovery Services Seagate offers data recovery services for all formats and all brands of storage media Our data recovery ser vices labs are currently located throughout the world Additional information including an online request form and data loss prevention resources is available at http services seagate com index aspx Authorized Service Centers Seagate Service Centers are available on a global basis for the return of defective pro
48. ation is not counted against the recovery time limit When the RC bit is one reallocations are disabled even if the ARRE or AWRE bits are one The drive will still perform data recovery actions within the limits defined by the Read Retry Count Write Retry Count and Recovery Time Limit parameters However the drive does not report any unrecovered errors Table 14 Read and write retry count maximum recovery times Maximum recovery time per Maximum recovery time per Read retry count LBA cumulative msec Write retry count LBA cumulative msec 0 108 29 0 23 94 1 124 95 1 35 91 2 424 83 2 55 86 3 458 15 3 67 83 4 483 14 4 119 79 5 590 16 5 default 147 72 6 644 92 7 711 56 8 898 54 9 1049 49 10 1116 13 11 1174 44 12 default 2311 47 Setting these retry counts to a value below the default setting could result in degradation of the unrecovered error rate For example suppose the read write recovery page has the RC bit 0 the read retry count set to 4 and the recovery time limit set to 450 A 4 block read command can take up to 483 14 msec recovery time for each block and a maximum of 450 msec recovery for all four blocks If either of these limits is reached and a block has not yet been recovered the command will end with Check Condition status and an unrecoverable read error will be reported 8 3 SAS system errors Information on the reporting of operational errors or faults across
49. aximum instantaneous transfer rate 600 Mbytes sec per port dual port 1200 Mbytes sec Logical block sizes 512 default 520 524 or 528 Read write consecutive sectors on a track Yes Flaw reallocation performance impact for flaws reallocated at format time using the Negligible spare sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme Average rotational latency 4 16 msec Assumes no errors and no relocated logical blocks Rate measured from the start of the first logical block transfer to or from the host 4 3 Start stop time The drive accepts the commands listed in the SAS Interface Manual less than 3 seconds after DC power has been applied If the drive receives a NOTIFY ENABLE SPINUP primitive through either port and has not received a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 0 the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds excluding the error recovery procedure If the drive receives a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 0 before receiving a NOTIFY ENABLE SPINUP primitive the drive waits fora START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 1 After receiving a START STOP UNIT command with the START bit equal to 1 the drive waits for a NOTIFY ENABLE SPINUP primitive After receiving a NOTIFY ENABLE SPINUP primitive through either port the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds excluding the error recovery procedure If the drive receives a START STO
50. bs 45 kg or 30191 001 over 100 lbs 45 Kg Package size Packaged product weight Drop height lt 600 cu in lt 9 800 cu cm Any 60 in 1524 mm 600 1800 cu in 9 800 19 700 cu cm 0 20 Ib 0 to 9 1 kg 48 in 1219 mm gt 1800 cu in gt 19 700 cu cm 0 20 Ib 0 to 9 1 kg 42 in 1067 mm gt 600 cu in gt 9 800 cu cm 20 40 Ib 9 1 to 18 1 kg 36 in 914 mm Drives packaged in single or multipacks with a gross weight of 20 pounds 8 95 kg or less by Seagate for general freight shipment shall withstand a drop test from 48 inches 1 070 mm against a concrete floor or equivalent Figure 4 Recommended mounting 28 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 6 5 4 2 Vibration a Operating normal The drive as installed for normal operation shall comply with the complete specified performance while subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding 5 22 Hz 0 25 Gs limited displacement 22 350 Hz 0 5 Gs 350 500 Hz 0 25 Gs Vibration may be applied in the X Y or Z axis Operating normal translational random flat profile 10 500 Hz 0 5 GRMS b Operating abnormal Equipment as installed for normal operation shall not incur physical damage while subjected to periodic vibration not exceeding 15 minutes of duration at major resonant frequency 5 500 Hz 0 75 G X Y or Z axis Vibration occurring at these levels may degrade operational performance during the abnormal vibration period Specified operational performance will
51. ccasional excursions to drive ambient temperatures of 131 F 55 C or 41 F 5 C may occur without impact to specified MTBF Air flow may be needed to achieve these tempera tures Continual or sustained operation at case temperatures above these values may degrade MTBF The maximum allowable continuous or sustained HDA case temperature for the rated MTBF is 122 F 50 C To confirm that the required cooling for the electronics and HDA is provided place the drive in its final mechanical configuration perform random write read operations After the temperatures stabilize measure the case temperature of the drive The maximum allowable HDA case temperature is 60 C Operation of the drive at the maximum case tem perature is intended for short time periods only Continuous operation at the elevated temperatures will reduce product reliability Non operating 40 to 158 F 40 to 70 C package ambient with a maximum gradient of 36 F 20 C per hour This specification assumes that the drive is packaged in the shipping container designed by Seagate for use with drive Figure 3 Location of the HDA temperature check point 26 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 6 5 2 Relative humidity The values below assume that no condensation on the drive occurs a Operating 5 to 95 non condensing relative humidity with a maximum gradient of 20 per hour Non operating 5 to 95 non condensing relative humidity 6 5 3
52. condition met good status 51 intermediate good status 51 internal data rate 9 internal defects errors 35 internal drive characteristics 9 IRAW 38 J jumpers 39 K KCC 3 Korean KCC 3 L latency average rotational Locking SP 32 33 LockOnReset 33 logical block address 11 logical block reallocation scheme 6 9 10 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B logical block size 6 10 logical segments 11 maintenance 13 Makers Secure ID 32 maximum delayed motor start 22 maximum start current 22 mean time between failure See MTBF media description 6 Media Pre Scan 37 minimum sector interleave 10 miscellaneous feature support Adaptive caching 51 Asynchronous event notification 51 Automatic contingent allegiance 51 Deferred error handling 51 Parameter rounding 51 Queue tagging 51 Reporting actual retry count 51 Segmented caching 51 SMP 1 in Mode Select command 51 Synchronized locked spindle operation 51 Zero latency read 51 miscellaneous status support ACA active 51 ACA active faulted initiator 51 Busy 51 Check condition 51 Condition met good 51 Good 51 Intermediate condition met good 51 Intermediate good 51 Reservation conflict 51 Task set full 51 miscorrected media data 13 Mode sense data table 48 50 mounting 41 holes 41 orientations 39 mounting configuration 31 mounting configuration dimensions 31 MSID 32 33 MTBF 13 14 26 N noise audible 2 noise immunity 23 non operating 27 29 temperatu
53. continue when normal operating vibration levels are resumed This assumes system recovery routines are available Operating abnormal translational random flat profile 10 500 Hz 1 2 GRMS c Non operating The limits of non operating vibration shall apply to all conditions of handling and transportation This includes both isolated drives and integrated drives The drive shall not incur physical damage or degraded performance as a result of continuous vibration not exceeding 5 500 Hz 3 G zero to peak Vibration may be applied in the X Y or Z axis Non operating translational random flat profile 10 500 Hz 2 4 GRMS 6 5 5 Air cleanliness The drive is designed to operate in a typical office environment with minimal environmental control 6 5 6 Corrosive environment Seagate electronic drive components pass accelerated corrosion testing equivalent to 10 years exposure to light industrial environments containing sulfurous gases chlorine and nitric oxide classes G and H per ASTM B845 However this accelerated testing cannot duplicate every potential application environment Users should use caution exposing any electronic components to uncontrolled chemical pollutants and corro sive chemicals as electronic drive component reliability can be affected by the installation environment The sil ver copper nickel and gold films used in Seagate products are especially sensitive to the presence of sulfide chloride and nitrate contami
54. ct Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 2004 108 EC as put into place on 20 July 2007 Australian C Tick If this model has the C Tick Marking it complies with the Australia New Zealand Standard AS NZ CISPR22 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Framework requirements of Australia s Spectrum Manage ment Agency SMA Korean KCC If this model has the Korean Communications Commission KCC logo it complies with paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Control Regulation and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibil ity Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory RRL Ministry of Information and Communica tion Republic of Korea Taiwanese BSMI If this model has two Chinese words meaning EMC certification followed by an eight digit identification num ber as a Marking it complies with Chinese National Standard CNS 13438 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Framework requirements of the Taiwanese Bureau of Standards Metrology and Inspec tion BSMI Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 3 2 1 3 European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS The European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS Directive restricts the presence of chemi cal substances including Lead Cadmium Mercury Hexavalent Chr
55. d that which was requested by a Read command are retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the buf fer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks this is true even if cache operation is disabled Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache finding the requested data in the buffer is a prefetch hit not a cache operation hit To enable Prefetch use Mode Select page 08h byte 12 bit 5 Disable Read Ahead DRA bit DRA bit 0 enables prefetch The drive does not use the Max Prefetch field bytes 8 and 9 or the Prefetch Ceiling field bytes 10 and 11 When prefetch read look ahead is enabled enabled by DRA 0 the drive enables prefetch of contiguous blocks from the disc when it senses that a prefetch hit will likely occur The drive disables prefetch when it decides that a prefetch hit is not likely to occur 12 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 5 0 Reliability specifications The following reliability specifications assume correct host and drive operational interface including all inter face timings power supply voltages environmental requirements and drive mounting constraints Seek error rate Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks Read Error Rates Recovered Data Less than 10 errors in 1012 bits transferred OEM default settings Unrecovered Data Less than 1 sector in 1015 bits transferred Miscorrected Data Less than 1 sector in 102 bits transferred Inter
56. ducts See www sea gate com for the service center near you USA Canada Latin America support services For an extensive list of telephone numbers to technical support presales and warranty service in USA Canada Latin America including business hours go to the Contact Us page on www seagate com Global Customer Support Presales Technical and Warranty Support Call Center Toll free Direct dial USA Canada and Mexico 1 800 SEAGATE 1 405 324 4700 Data Recovery Services Call Center Toll free Direct dial FAX USA Canada 1 800 475 0143 1 905 474 2162 1 800 475 0158 and Mexico 1 905 474 2459 Europe the Middle East and Africa Support Services For an extensive list of telephone numbers to technical support presales and warranty service in Europe the Middle East and Africa go to the Contact Us page on www seagate com Asia Pacific Support Services For an extensive list of telephone numbers to technical support presales and warranty service in Asia Pacific go to the Contact Us page on www seagate com 68 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Index Numerics 12 volt pins 56 5 volt pins 56 A abort task set function 42 AC coupling 56 AC power requirements 21 ACA active status 51 ACA active faulted initiator status 51 acoustics 30 active LED Out signal 56 actuator 7 assembly design 5 adaptive caching 51 Admin SP 32 AES 128 data encryption 32 air cleanliness 29 air flow 26 40 illustrat
57. e new parameter block will be initialized as follows 1 The Function Code field is set to the same value as sent in the DST command 2 The Self Test Results Value field is set to Fh 3 The drive will store the log page to non volatile memory After a self test is complete or has been aborted the drive updates the Self Test Results Value field in its Self Test Results Log page in non volatile memory The host may use Log Sense to read the results from up to the last 20 self tests performed by the drive The self test results value is a 4 bit field that reports the results of the test If the field is set to zero the drive passed with no errors detected by the DST If the field is not set to zero the test failed for the reason reported in the field The drive will report the failure condition and LBA if applicable in the Self test Results Log parameter The Sense key ASC ASCQ and FRU are used to report the failure condition 5 2 6 2 5 Abort There are several ways to abort a diagnostic You can use a SCSI Bus Reset or a Bus Device Reset message to abort the diagnostic You can abort a DST executing in background mode by using the abort code in the DST Function Code field This will cause a 01 self test aborted by the application client code to appear in the self test results values log All other abort mechanisms will be reported as a 02 self test routine was interrupted by a reset condition 18 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev
58. e revision and customer status 7 8 Power requirements The standard drive models and the SED drive models have identical hardware however the security and encryption portion of the drive controller ASIC is enabled and functional in the SED models This represents a small additional drain on the 5V supply of about 30mA and a commensurate increase of about 150mW in power consumption There is no additional drain on the 12V supply See the tables in Section 6 3 for power requirements on the standard non SED drive models 7 9 Supported commands The SED models support the following two commands in addition to the commands supported by the standard non SED models as listed in Table 17 e Security Protocol Out B5h e Security Protocol In A2h 34 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 8 0 Defect and error management Seagate continues to use innovative technologies to manage defects and errors These technologies are designed to increase data integrity perform drive self maintenance and validate proper drive operation SCSI defect and error management involves drive internal defect error management and SAS system error considerations errors in communications between the initiator and the drive In addition Seagate provides the following technologies used to increase data integrity and drive reliability Background Media Scan see Section 8 4 e Media Pre Scan see Section 8 5 e Deferred Auto Reallocation see Section 8 6
59. ed 40 air inlet 40 altitude 27 ambient 26 ambient temperature 26 40 ANSI documents SCSI 4 Serial Attached SCSI 4 asynchronous event notification 51 audible noise 2 Australian C Tick 3 auto write and read reallocation programmable 6 automatic contingent allegiance 51 average idle current 22 average rotational latency 9 B Background Media Scan 37 backpanel 55 Band 0 33 BandMasterX 33 BMS 37 BSMI 3 buffer data 6 space 11 busy status 51 bytes per surface 9 bytes per track 9 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B C cache operation 11 cache segments 11 caching write data 12 Canadian Department of Communications 2 capacity unformatted 9 case temperature 26 CBC 32 CE Marking 3 check condition status 51 Cipher Block Chaining 32 class B limit 2 clear ACA function 42 clear task set function 42 commands supported 44 condensation 27 condition met good status 51 connector illustrated 55 requirements 55 continuous vibration 29 cooling 40 CRC error 14 Cryptographic erase 34 C Tick 3 Current profiles 24 customer service 19 D DAR 37 Data Bands 33 data bands 32 data block size modifing the 7 data buffer to from disc media 10 Data encryption 32 Data Encryption Key 32 data heads read write 9 data rate internal 9 data transfer rate 10 DC power 55 requirements 21 decrypt 32 default MSID password 33 defect and error management 35 defects 35 Deferred Auto Reallocation 37 deferred error handling 51
60. eir system Shielded I O cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding If the I O cables are external to the enclosure shielded cables should be used with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller 2 1 1 1 Electromagnetic susceptibility As a component assembly the drive is not required to meet any susceptibility performance requirements It is the responsibility of those integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system does not adversely affect the performance of the drive See Table 13 DC power requirements 2 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 2 1 2 Electromagnetic compliance Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance with the directives standards for CE Marking and C Tick Marking The drive was tested in a representative system for typical applications The selected sys tem represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms The system configurations include Typical current use microprocessor Keyboard e Monitor display Printer e Mouse Although the test system with this Seagate model complies with the directives standards we cannot guarantee that all systems will comply The computer manufacturer or system integrator shall confirm EMC compliance and provide the appropriate marking for their produ
61. em without I O or power cables If you intend the use the drive in a non backplane host system connecting the drive using high quality cables is acceptable as long as the I O cable length does not exceed 4 meters 13 1 feet Slide the carrier or tray into the appropriate bay in your host system using the instructions provided by the host system This connects the drive directly to your system s SAS connector The SAS connector is normally located on a SAS backpanel See Section 10 4 1 for additional information about these connectors Power is supplied through the SAS connector The drive is shipped from the factory low level formatted in 512 byte logical blocks You need to reformat the drive only if you want to select a different logical block size Figure 6 Physical interface 9 1 Drive orientation The drive may be mounted in any orientation All drive performance characterizations however have been done with the drive in horizontal discs level and vertical drive on its side orientations which are the two pre ferred mounting orientations Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 39 9 2 Cooling Cabinet cooling must be designed by the customer so that the ambient temperature immediately surrounding the drive will not exceed temperature conditions specified in Section 6 5 1 Temperature The rack cabinet or drawer environment for the drive must provide heat removal from the electronics and head and disc assembly HDA Y
62. ents SFF 82232 5 Drive Form Factor with Serial Connector SFF 8460HSS Backplane Design Guidelines SFF 8470Multi Lane Copper Connector SFF 8482SAS Plug Connector ANSI INCITS xxx Serial Attached SCSI SAS Standard T10 1562 D ISO IEC 14776 xxxSCSI Architecture Model 3 SAM 3 Standard T10 1561 D ISO IEC 14776 xxxSCSI Primary Commands 3 SPC 3 Standard T10 1416 D ISO IEC 14776 xxxSCSI Block Commands 2 SBC 2 Standard T10 1417 D ANSI Small Computer System Interface SCSI Documents X3 270 1996 SCSI 3 Architecture Model Trusted Computing Group TCG Documents apply to Self Encrypting Drive models only TCG Storage Architecture Core Specification Rev 1 0 TCG Storage Security Subsystem Class Enterprise Specification Rev 1 0 Specification for Acoustic Test Requirement and Procedures Seagate part number 30553 001 Package Test Specification Seagate P N 30190 001 under 100 Ib Package Test Specification Seagate P N 30191 001 over 100 lb In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document this document takes precedence 4 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 3 0 General description Constellation drives provide high performance high capacity data storage for a variety of systems including engineering workstations network servers mainframes and supercomputers The Serial Attached SCSI inter face is designed to meet next generation computing demands for performance scalability flexibility and high
63. eserved 3 3Volts S4 Port A Ground P4 Ground S5 Port A_out Diff output pair P5 Ground S6 Port A_out P6 Ground S7 Port A Ground P7 5 Volts charge S8 Port B Ground P8 5 Volts S9 Port B_in Diff input pair P9 5 Volts S10 Port B_in P10 Ground S11 Port A Ground P11 Ready LED Open collector out S12 PortB out Diff output pair P12 Ground S13 PortB_out P13 12 Volts charge S14 Port B Ground P14 12 Volts P15 12 Volts Short pin to support hot plugging NC No connection in the drive Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 55 10 4 6 SAS transmitters and receivers A typical SAS differential copper transmitter and receiver pair is shown in Figure 11 The receiver is AC cou pling to eliminate ground shift noise Differential Transfer Medium Figure 11 SAS transmitters and receivers 10 4 7 Power The drive receives power 5 volts and 12 volts through the SAS device connector Three 12 volt pins provide power to the drive 2 short and 1 long The current return for the 12 volt power supply is through the common ground pins The supply current and return current must be distributed as evenly as possible among the pins Three 5 volt pins provide power to the drive 2 short and 1 long The current return for the 5 volt power sup ply is through the common ground pins The supply current and return current must be distributed as evenly as possible among the pins Cu
64. face error rate Less than 1 error in 1012 bits transferred Mean Time Between Failure MTBF 1 200 000 hours Annualized Failure Rate AFR 0 73 Preventive maintenance None required 1 Error rate specified with automatic retries and data correction with ECC enabled and all flaws reallocated 5 1 Error rates The error rates stated in this manual assume the following e The drive is operated in accordance with this manual using DC power as defined in paragraph 6 3 DC power requirements Errors caused by host system failures are excluded from error rate computations Assume random data Default OEM error recovery settings are applied This includes AWRE ARRE full read retries full write retries and full retry time 5 1 1 Recoverable Errors Recoverable errors are those detected and corrected by the drive and do not require user intervention Recoverable Data errors will use correction although ECC on the fly is not considered for purposes of recov ered error specifications Recovered Data error rate is determined using read bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a read and using write bits transferred for recoverable errors occurring during a write 5 1 2 Unrecoverable Errors An unrecoverable data error is defined as a failure of the drive to recover data from the media These errors occur due to head media or write problems Unrecoverable data errors are only detected during read opera tions bu
65. he buffer is divided into logical segments from which data is read and to which data is written The drive keeps track of the logical block addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer If the cache is enabled see RCD bit in the SAS Interface Manual data requested by the host with a read command is retrieved from the buffer if possible before any disc access is initiated If cache operation is not enabled the buffer is still used but only as circular buffer segments during disc medium read operations disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment That is the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data but goes directly to the medium to retrieve it The retrieved data merely passes through some buffer segment on the way to the host All data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer full ratio rules See the explanation provided with the information about Mode Page 02h disconnect reconnect control in the SAS Interface Manual The following is a simplified description of the prefetch cache operation Case A read command is received and all of the requested logical blocks are already in the cache 1 Drive transfers the requested logical blocks to the initiator Case B A Read command requests data and at least one requested logical block is not in any segment of the cache 1 The drive fetches the requested logical blocks from the disc and transfers them into a segment and then fro
66. he product serial number Bytes 16 through 26 reflect model of drive The table above shows the hex values for Model ST9500430SS Refer to the values below for the values of bytes 16 through 26 of your particular model ST9500431SS 53 54 39 35 30 30 34 33 31 53 53 10 3 2 Mode Sense data The Mode Sense command provides a way for the drive to report its operating parameters to the initiator The drive maintains four sets of mode parameters 1 48 Default values Default values are hard coded in the drive firmware stored in flash E PROM nonvolatile memory on the drive s PCB These default values can be changed only by downloading a complete set of new firmware into the flash E PROM An initiator can request and receive from the drive a list of default values and use those in a Mode Select command to set up new current and saved values where the values are change able Saved values Saved values are stored on the drive s media using a Mode Select command Only parameter values that are allowed to be changed can be changed by this method Parameters in the saved values list that are not changeable by the Mode Select command get their values from default values storage When power is applied to the drive it takes saved values from the media and stores them as current val ues in volatile memory It is not possible to change the current values or the saved values with a Mode Select command before the drive achieves operating speed and is
67. hould also set the data access controls for the individual bands The variable LockOnReset should be set to PowerCycle to ensure that the data bands will be locked if power is lost This scenario occurs if the drive is removed from its cabinet The drive will not honor any data read or write requests until the bands have been unlocked This prevents the user data from being accessed without the appropriate credentials when the drive has been removed from its cabinet and installed in another system When the drive is shipped from the factory the firmware download port is locked and the drive will reject any attempt to download new firmware The drive owner must use the SID credential to unlock the firmware down load port before firmware updates will be accepted 7 5 Data bands When shipped from the factory the drive is configured with a single data band called Band 0 also known as the Global Data Band which comprises LBA 0 through LBA max The host may allocate Band1 by specifying a start LBA and an LBA range The real estate for this band is taken from the Global Band An additional 14 Data Bands may be defined in a similar way Band2 through Band15 but before these bands can be allocated LBA space they must first be individually enabled using the EraseMaster password Data bands cannot overlap but they can be sequential with one band ending at LBA x and the next beginning at LBA x 1 Each data band has its own drive generated encr
68. ical link and information regarding spe cial considerations for scrambling and running disparity 10 5 2 3 4 Impedance specifications Table 30 defines impedance requirements Table 30 Impedance requirements Sheet 1 of 2 Requirement Units 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Time domain reflectometer rise time 20 to 80 ps 100 50 Media PCB or cable Differential impedance 4 ohm 100 10 100 10 Differential impedance imbalance 9 9 ohm 5 5 Common mode impedance 4 ohm 32 5 7 5 32 5 7 5 Mated connectors Differential impedance 4 ohm 100 15 100 15 Differential impedance imbalanceb 9 ohm 5 5 Common mode impedance 4 ohm 32 5 7 5 32 5 7 5 Receiver termination Differential impedance ohm 100 15 100 15 Differential impedance imbalance 9 ohm 5 5 Receiver termination time constant f ps 150 max 100 max 62 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B Table 30 Impedance requirements Sheet 2 of 2 Requirement Units 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Common mode impedance ohm 20 min 40 max 20 min 40 max Transmitter source termination Differential impedanceb ohm 60 min 115 max 60 min 115 max Differential impedance imbalanceP 9 ohm 5 5 Common mode impedance ohm 15 min 40 max 15 min 40 max a All times indicated for time domain reflectometer measurements are recorded times Recorded times are twice the transit time of the time domain reflec
69. in tran sit Contact your authorized Seagate distributor to purchase additional boxes Seagate recommends shipping by an air ride carrier experienced in handling computer equipment Product repair and return information Seagate customer service centers are the only facilities authorized to service Seagate drives Seagate does not sanction any third party repair facilities Any unauthorized repair or tampering with the factory seal voids the warranty Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 19 6 0 Physical electrical specifications This section provides information relating to the physical and electrical characteristics of the drive 6 1 PowerChoice power management Drives using the load unload architecture provide programmable power management to tailor systems for per formance and greater energy efficiency The table below lists the supported PowerChoice modes The further you go down in the table the more power savings you get For example Idle2 mode results in greater power savings than Idle1 mode Standby mode results in the greatest power savings PowerChoice modes Mode Description Idle1 Reduced electronics Idle2 Heads unloaded Disks spinning at full RPM Idle3 Heads unloaded Disks spinning at reduced RPM Standby2 Heads unloaded Disks spinning at reduced RPM Recovery requires the NOTIFY Enable Spinup command Standby Heads unloaded Motor stopped disks not spinning Recovery requires the NOTI
70. ing power up and down Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 23 6 3 3 Current profiles The 12V top and 5V bottom current profiles for the Constellation drives are shown below File Vertical Time dis Cursors N e Math A Utilities Help C2 and F1 12V spinup current profile gt gt imebase___ 8 00 s 2 00 sidiv Stop 410 mv 500 kS 25 kS s J Edge Positive File Vertical e Trigger Display C ors Measure Math Analysis Utilities Help C3 and F2 5 spinup current profile gt gt AA put co imebase 8 00 5 500 mA div 500 mA div 2 00 s div Stop 410 mY 1 500 A ofst 2 00 sidiv 500 kS 25 kS s FEdge Positive D Recall Setup done Figure 1 ST9500430SS amp ST9500431SS model current profiles Note All times and currents are typical See Table 13 for maximum current requirements 24 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 6 4 Power dissipation ST9500430SS and ST9500431SS in 3 Gbit operation Please refer to Table 13 for power dissipation numbers To obtain operating power for typical random read operations refer to the following I O rate curve see Figure 2 Locate the typical I O rate for a drive in your system on the horizontal axis and read the corresponding 5 volt current 12 volt current and total watts on the vertical axis To calculate BTUs per hour multiply watts by 3 4123 ST9500430 SS CURRENT POWER vs THROUGHPUT SAS 3 0GB
71. ion disc drive shall achieve an AFR of 0 73 MTBF of 1 200 000 hours when operated in an environment that ensures the HDA case temperatures do not exceed the values specified in Section 6 5 Oper ation at case temperatures outside the specifications in Section 6 5 may increase the product AFR decrease the MTBF The AFR MTBF is a population statistic not relevant to individual units The AFR MTBF specification is based on the following assumptions for Enterprise Storage System environ ments 8 760 power on hours per year e 250 average on off cycles per year e Operations at nominal voltages e Systems will provide adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6 5 are not exceeded Temperatures outside the specifications in Section 6 5 will increase the product AFR and decrease the MTBF 5 2 2 Preventive maintenance No routine scheduled preventive maintenance is required 5 2 3 Hot plugging the drive When a disc is powered on by switching the power or hot plugged the drive runs a self test before attempting to communicate on its interfaces When the self test completes successfully the drive initiates a Link Reset starting with OOB An attached device should respond to the link reset If the link reset attempt fails or any time the drive looses sync the drive initiated link reset The drive will initiate link reset once per second but alternates between port A and B Therefore each port will attempt a
72. ite performance may decrease by 50 until Pre Scan completes Write performance testing should be performed after Pre Scan is complete This may be checked by reading the BMS status To expedite the scan of the full pack and subsequently exit from the Pre Scan period BMS will begin scanning immediately when the drive goes to idle during the Pre Scan period In the event that the drive is in a high transaction traffic environment and is unable to complete a BMS scan within 24 power on hours BMS will dis able Pre Scan to restore full performance to the system 8 6 Deferred Auto Reallocation Deferred Auto Reallocation DAR simplifies reallocation algorithms at the system level by allowing the drive to reallocate unreadable locations on a subsequent write command Sites are marked for DAR during read oper ations performed by the drive When a write command is received for an LBA marked for DAR the auto reallo cation process is invoked and attempts to rewrite the data to the original location If a verification of this rewrite fails the sector is re mapped to a spare location This is in contrast to the system having to use the Reassign Command to reassign a location that was unread able and then generate a write command to rewrite the data DAR is most effective when AWRE and ARRE are enabled this is the default setting from the Seagate factory With AWRE and ARRE disabled DAR is unable to reallocate the failing location and will report an error
73. l Reporting is controlled by the MRIE bits in the Informational Exceptions Control mode page 1Ch Subject to the reporting method the firmware will issue to the host an 01 5Dxx sense code The error code is preserved through bus resets and power cycles Determining rate S M A R T monitors the rate at which errors occur and signals a predictive failure if the rate of degraded errors increases to an unacceptable level To determine rate error events are logged and compared to the number of total operations for a given attribute The interval defines the number of operations over which to measure the rate The counter that keeps track of the current number of operations is referred to as the Interval Counter Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 15 S M A R T measures error rates All errors for each monitored attribute are recorded A counter keeps track of the number of errors for the current interval This counter is referred to as the Failure Counter Error rate is the number of errors per operation The algorithm that S M A R T uses to record rates of error is to set thresholds for the number of errors and their interval If the number of errors exceeds the threshold before the interval expires the error rate is considered to be unacceptable If the number of errors does not exceed the threshold before the interval expires the error rate is considered to be acceptable In either case the inter val and failure counters are reset and
74. l LA i 30 6 5 8 Electromagnetic susceptibility 4 30 6 6 Mechanical specifications 31 About self encrypting driveS ccc eee 32 7 1 Data GNEryptioni 14 14 acasa r ne te apara tt CG E A B a i R S BAD EAS ut t 32 7 2 Controlled access 32 7 2 1 AMIA SP i fedi ei A ee ae ee A E aha a 32 7 2 2 LOCKIN SP 2 4264 93 secetoas A CA ERA d 33 7 2 3 Default password can tz ancha a ca aaa aaa ca aaa aa dd ah Beale hE ca de a 33 7 3 Random number generator RNG LL 33 TA DriveOCKING water aan pr i A ea R RAE A lare pre er Ade E da 33 7 5 Data bands sine lacra sia t e ata en 33 7 6 Cryptographic erases acia apago ata ine A RAT ana pepe 34 7 7 Authenticated firmware download c c c c 34 7 8 Power requirements 34 7 9 Supported commands c c 34 Defect and error managemenNt L c ccc ccc 35 8 1 Driveinternaldefects errOfS ete 35 8 2 Drive error recovery procedures 35 8 3 SAS SOCIOS pigiare die khe tae renet de es ATE ae 36 8 4 Background Media Scan 37 8 5 Media Pre Scanh ooo 37 8 6 Deferred Auto Reallocation 0 0 2022202202222222 37 8 7 Idle Read After Write 38 Installation a aa ap EU A ra a 39 9 1 Drive orientation aaa AE A a oes pee 39 9 2 A O A taia Aa ie 40 9 3 Drive MOUNTUNG st R OZ rD DAR AAA ata RT i 41 9 4 Grounding ri LA Pe e A C DAL ead CECA GARD E
75. ltage measured at compliance points when the transmitter is unpowered or transmitting D C idle e g during idle time of an OOB signal Rise fall times are measured from 20 to 80 of the transition with a repeating 0101b pattern on the physical link The maximum difference between the V and V A C RMS transmitter amplitudes measured on a CJTPAT test pattern see 10 5 2 3 3 into the test load shown in figure 16 as a percentage of the average of the V and V A C RMS amplitudes The maximum difference in the average differential voltage D C offset component between the burst times and the idle times of an OOB signal The maximum difference in the average of the common mode voltage between the burst times and the idle times of an OOB signal 60 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 10 5 2 3 Receiver signal characteristics Table 27 defines the compliance point requirements of the signal at the receiver end of a TxRx connection as measured into the test loads specified in figure 15 and figure 16 Table 27 Receiver signal characteristics Signal characteristic Units 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Jitter see figure 12 N A See table 28 See table 28 2xZ2 mV P P 1 200 1 600 2xZ1 mV P P 325 275 x12 Ul 0 275 0 275 X2 UI 0 50 0 50 Skew4 ps 80 75 Max voltage non op mV P P 2 000 2 000 Minimum OOB ALIGN burst amplitude mV P P 240 240 Maximum noise during OOB idle time mV P P 120 1
76. m there to the host in accordance with the Mode Select Disconnect Reconnect parameters page 02h 2 Ifthe prefetch feature is enabled refer to section 4 5 2 for operation from this point Each cache segment is actually a self contained circular buffer whose length is an integer number of logical blocks The drive dynamically creates and removes segments based on the workload The wrap around capa bility of the individual segments greatly enhances the cache s overall performance Note The size of each segment is not reported by Mode Sense command page 08h bytes 14 and 15 The value OXFFFF is always reported regardless of the actual size of the segment Sending a size specification using the Mode Select command bytes 14 and 15 does not set up a new segment size If the STRICT bit in Mode page 00h byte 2 bit 1 is set to one the drive responds as it does for any attempt to change an unchangeable parameter Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 11 4 5 1 Caching write data Write caching is a write operation by the drive that makes use of a drive buffer storage area where the data to be written to the medium is stored while the drive performs the Write command If read caching is enabled RCD 0 then data written to the medium is retained in the cache to be made avail able for future read cache hits The same buffer space and segmentation is used as set up for read functions The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independen
77. mance The first BMS scan for a newly manufactured drive is performed as quickly as possible to verify the media and protect data by setting the Start time after idle to 5ms all subsequent scans begin after 500ms of idle time Other features that normally use idle time to function will function normally because BMS functions for bursts of 800ms and then suspends activity for 100ms to allow other background functions to operate BMS interrupts immediately to service host commands from the interface bus while performing reads BMS will complete any BMS initiated error recovery prior to returning to service host initiated commands Overhead associated with a return to host servicing activity from BMS only impacts the first command that interrupted BMS this results in a typical delay of about 1 ms 8 5 Media Pre Scan Media Pre Scan is a feature that allows the drive to repair media errors that would otherwise have been found by the host system during critical data accesses early in the drive s life The default setting for Media Pre Scan is enabled on standard products Media Pre Scan checks each write command to determine if the destination LBAs have been scanned by BMS If the LBAs have been verified the drive proceeds with the normal write command If the LBAs have not been verified by BMS Pre Scan will convert the write to a write verify to certify that the data was properly written to the disc Note During Pre Scan write verify commands wr
78. me Flawed logical block reallocation at format time Programmable auto write and read reallocation Reallocation of defects on command Post Format ECC maximum burst correction length of 520 bits No preventive maintenance or adjustments required Dedicated head landing zone Embedded servo design Automatic shipping lock Self diagnostics performed when power is applied to the drive Zone bit recording ZBR Vertical horizontal or top down mounting Dynamic spindle brake 16 Mbyte data buffer see Section 4 5 Drive Self Test DST Background Media Scan BMS Idle Read After Write IRAW Power Save Constellation SAS Self Encrypting Drive models have the following additional features Automatic data encryption decryption e Controlled access Random number generator Drive locking 16 independent data bands e Cryptographic erase of user data for a drive that will be repurposed or scrapped e Authenticated firmware download 3 2 Media description The media used on the drive has an aluminum substrate coated with a thin film magnetic material overcoated with a proprietary protective layer for improved durability and environmental protection 6 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 3 3 Performance Programmable multi segmentable cache buffer 600 Mbytes sec maximum instantaneous data transfers e 7 200 RPM spindle Average latency 4 16 msec Background processing of queue e Supports start and stop comm
79. nants Sulfur is found to be the most damaging In addition electronic components should never be exposed to condensing water on the surface of the printed circuit board assembly PCBA or exposed to an ambient relative humidity greater than 95 Materials used in cabinet fabrication such as vulca nized rubber that can outgas corrosive compounds should be minimized or eliminated The useful life of any electronic equipment may be extended by replacing materials near circuitry with sulfide free alternatives Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 29 6 5 7 Acoustics Sound power during idle mode shall be 2 3 bels typical when measured to ISO 7779 specification There will not be any discrete tones more than 10 dB above the masking noise on typical drives when mea sured according to Seagate specification 30553 001 There will not be any tones more than 24 dB above the masking noise on any drive 6 5 8 Electromagnetic susceptibility See Section 2 1 1 1 30 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 6 6 Mechanical specifications The following nominal dimensions are exclusive of the decorative front panel accessory However dimensions of the front panel are shown in figure below Refer to Figure 5 for detailed mounting configuration dimensions See Section 9 3 Drive mounting Height 0 583 in 14 8 mm Width 2 76 in 70 mm Depth 3 957 in 100 5 mm Weight 0 50 pounds 0 227 kilograms ci E 300 i
80. nce interconnect magnitude response and ISI loss example for 3 0 Gbps Sample compliance interconnect Frequency GHz Figure 17 ISI loss example at 3 0 Gbps Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 65 Figure 18 shows an ISI loss example at 1 5 Gbps S dB Compliance interconnect magnitude response and ISI loss example for 1 5 Gbps 5 4 dB Sample compliance interconnect Frequency GHz Figure 18 ISI loss example at 1 5 Gbps 10 5 2 5 Receiver characteristics The drive receiver is A C coupled The receive network terminates the TxRx connection by a 100 ohm equiva lent impedance as specified in table 30 The receiver operates within a BER of 10 12 when a SAS signal with valid voltage and timing characteristics is delivered to the compliance point from a 100 ohm source The received SAS signal are considered valid if it meets the voltage and timing limits specified in table 27 Additionally the receiver operates within the BER objective when the signal at a receiving phy has the addi tional sinusoidal jitter present that is specified in table 29 and the common mode signal Vey over frequency range Fcy as specified in table 25 The jitter tolerance is shown in Figure 14 for all Rx compliance points in a TxRx connection The figure given assumes that any external interference occurs prior to the point at which the test is applied When testing the jitter tolerance capability of a receiver the additional 0 1 UI of sin
81. nterface 52 task management functions 42 SAS documents 4 SAS Interface Manual SCSI interface commands supported 44 Secure ID 32 security partitions 32 Security Protocol In 32 Security Protocol Out 32 seek error defined 14 rate 13 seek performance characteristics 9 seek time average typical 9 full stroke typical 9 single track typical 9 segmented caching 51 self encrypting drives 32 Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology 7 15 Serial Attached SCSI SAS Interface Manual 1 shielding 2 shipping 19 shipping container 26 shock 27 and vibration 27 shock mount 41 SID 32 signal characteristics 56 single unit shipping pack kit 8 2 4 72 SMART 7 15 SMP 1 in Mode Select command 51 spindle brake 6 standards 2 Standby1 20 Standby2 20 START STOP UNIT command 20 start stop time 10 support services 67 surface stiffness allowable for non flat surface 41 switches 39 synchronized spindle operation 51 system chassis 41 T Taiwanese BSMI 3 task management functions 42 Abort task set 42 Clear ACA 42 Clear task set 42 terminate task 42 task management response codes 42 Function complete 00 42 Function not supported 05 42 Function reject 04 42 task set full status 51 TCG 32 technical support services 67 temperature 26 40 ambient 26 case 26 gradient 26 limits 26 non operating 26 regulation 2 See also cooling terminate task function 42 terminators 39 tracks per inch 9 tracks per surface 9 transmitters 5
82. omium PBB and PBDE in electronic prod ucts effective July 2006 This drive is manufactured with components and materials that comply with the RoHS Directive A number of parts and materials in Seagate products are procured from external suppliers We rely on the rep resentations of our suppliers regarding the presence of RoHS substances in these parts and materials Our supplier contracts require compliance with our chemical substance restrictions and our suppliers document their compliance with our requirements by providing material content declarations for all parts and materials for the disc drives documented in this publication Current supplier declarations include disclosure of the inclusion of any RoHS regulated substance in such parts or materials Seagate also has internal systems in place to ensure ongoing compliance with the RoHS Directive and all laws and regulations which restrict chemical content in electronic products These systems include standard operat ing procedures that ensure that restricted substances are not utilized in our manufacturing operations labora tory analytical validation testing and an internal auditing process to ensure that all standard operating procedures are complied with 2 2 Reference documents SAS Interface Manual Seagate part number 100293071 SCSI Commands Reference Manual Seagate part number 100293068 Self Encrypting Drives Reference Manual Seagate part number 100515636 ANSI SAS Docum
83. ou should confirm that adequate heat removal is provided using the temper ature measurement guidelines described in Section 6 5 1 Forced air flow may be required to keep temperatures at or below the temperatures specified in Section 6 5 1 in which case the drive should be oriented or air flow directed so that the least amount of air flow resistance is created while providing air flow to the electronics and HDA Also the shortest possible path between the air inlet and exit should be chosen to minimize the travel length of air heated by the drive and other heat sources within the rack cabinet or drawer environment If forced air is determined to be necessary possible air flow patterns are shown in Figure 7 The air flow pat terns are created by one or more fans either forcing or drawing air as shown in the illustrations Conduction convection or other forced air flow patterns are acceptable as long as the temperature measurement guide lines of Section 6 5 1 are met Above unit a 7 Under unit Note Air flows in the direction shown back to front or in reverse direction front to back Above uni der unit N Note Air flows in the direction shown or nder unik a in reverse direction side to side Figure 7 Air flow 40 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 9 3 Drive mounting Mount the drive using the bottom or side mounting holes If you mount the drive using the bottom holes ensure that you do not physic
84. overage options implemented in DST 1 Extended test 2 Short text The most thorough option is the extended test that performs various tests on the drive and scans every logical block address LBA of the drive The short test is time restricted and limited in length it does not scan the entire media surface but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media If DST encounters an error during either of these tests it reports a fault condition If the drive fails the test remove it from service and return it to Seagate for service 5 2 6 1 DST failure definition The drive will present a diagnostic failed condition through the self tests results value of the diagnostic log page if a functional failure is encountered during DST The channel and servo parameters are not modified to test the drive more stringently and the number of retries are not reduced All retries and recovery processes are enabled during the test If data is recoverable no failure condition will be reported regardless of the number of retries required to recover the data The following conditions are considered DST failure conditions Seek error after retries are exhausted Track follow error after retries are exhausted Read error after retries are exhausted Write error after retries are exhausted Recovered errors will not be reported as diagnostic failures 5 2 6 2 Implementation This section provides all of the information necessary
85. re 26 non operating vibration 29 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B O office environment 29 operating 27 29 option selection 55 options 8 orientation 27 out of plane distortion 41 P package size 28 package test specification 4 packaged 28 parameter rounding 51 password 32 33 passwords 33 PCBA 41 peak bits per inch 9 peak operating current 22 peak to peak measurements 23 performance characteristics detailed 9 general 10 performance degradation 27 performance highlights 7 physical damage 29 physical interface 52 physical specifications 20 pin descriptions 55 power 56 dissipation 25 requirements AC 21 requirements DC 21 sequencing 23 Power Condition mode page 20 power distribution 2 power management 20 PowerChoice 20 PowerChoice reports 21 PowerCycle 33 prefetch multi segmented cache control 11 preventive maintenance 13 protection of data at rest 32 Q queue tagging 51 R radio interference regulations 2 Random number generator 33 RCD bit 11 read error rates 13 35 read write data heads 9 receivers 56 71 recommended mounting 28 Recoverable Errors 13 recovered media data 13 reference documents 4 relative humidity 27 reliability 7 specifications 13 reliability and service 14 repair and return information 19 reporting actual retry count 51 reservation conflict status 51 resonance 27 return information 19 RNG 33 RoHS 4 rotation speed 9 S safety 2 SAS interface 55 physical i
86. rrent to the drive through the long power pins may be limited by the system to reduce inrush current to the drive during hot plugging 10 5 Signal characteristics This section describes the electrical signal characteristics of the drive s input and output signals See Table 22 for signal type and signal name information 10 5 1 Ready LED Out The Ready LED Out signal is driven by the drive as indicated in Table 23 Table 23 Ready LED Out conditions Normal command activity LED status Ready LED Meaning bit mode page 19h 0 1 Spun down and no activity Off Off Spun down and activity command executing On On Spun up and no activity On Off Spun up and activity command executing Off On Spinning up or down Blinks steadily 50 on and 50 off 0 5 seconds on and off for 0 5 seconds Format in progress each cylinder change Toggles on off 56 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B The Ready LED Out signal is designed to pull down the cathode of an LED The anode is attached to the proper 3 3 volt supply through an appropriate current limiting resistor The LED and the current limiting resis tor are external to the drive See Table 24 for the output characteristics of the LED drive signals Table 24 LED drive signal State Test condition Output voltage LED off high 0 V lt VOH lt 3 6 V 100 pA lt lop lt 100 pA LED on low lor 15 MA 0 lt Vo lt 0 225 V 10 5 2 Differential signals
87. s of crosstalk are taken into account 10 5 2 1 3 Jitter tolerance masks Figure 13 describes the receive tolerance eye masks and is constructed using the X2 and Z2 values given in table 28 X1op is half the value for total jitter in table 28 and X17 is half the value for total jitter in table 29 for jitter frequencies above bit rate 1 667 Absolute amplitude in V additional sinusoidal jitter 2 Z1op Zito ov Outline of eye mask before adding Zizo sinusoidal jitter Z1 Outline of eye mask after adding sinusoidal jitter 0 Mel Mit A a 1 X1op XIroL 1 X1ro Normalized time in UI Figure 13 Receive tolerance eye mask 58 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B The leading and trailing edge slopes of figure 12 shall be preserved As a result the amplitude value of Z1 is less than that given in table 27 and Z17o and Z10p shall be defined from those slopes by the following equa tion X20p 0 5 xadditional sinusoidal jitter X1 op Z1 Z1 TOL op x2 p x1 Op where Z17oL is the value for Z1 to be used for the tolerance masks and Z1op X1op and X2op are the values in table 27 for Z1 X1 and X2 The X1 points in the receive tolerance masks are greater than the X1 points in the receive masks due to the addition of sinusoidal jitter Figure 14 defines the sinusoidal jitter mask Peak to peak ae sinusoidalA Sinusoidal jitter frequency jitter log log plot in Ul Fnom 1 5 x 1
88. sense code indicating that a write command is being attempted to a previously failing location Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 37 8 7 Idle Read After Write Idle Read After Write IRAW utilizes idle time to verify the integrity of recently written data During idle periods no active system requests the drive reads recently written data from the media and compares it to valid write command data resident in the drives data buffer Any sectors that fail the comparison result in the invocation of a rewrite and auto reallocation process The process attempts to rewrite the data to the original location If a verification of this rewrite fails the sector is re mapped to a spare location 38 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 9 0 Installation Constellation disc drive installation is a plug and play process There are no jumpers switches or terminators on the drive SAS drives are designed to be used in a host system that provides a SAS compatible backplane with bays designed to accommodate the drive In such systems the host system typically provides a carrier or tray into which you need to mount the drive Mount the drive to the carrier or tray provided by the host system using four M3 x 0 5 metric screws When tightening the screws use a maximum torque of 4 5 in lb 0 45 in lb Do not over tighten or force the screws You can mount the drive in any orientation Note SAS drives are designed to be attached to the host syst
89. sing sev eral SCSI commands described in the SAS Interface Manual The drive implements selectable error recovery time limits required in video applications The error recovery scheme supported by the drive provides a way to control the total error recovery time for the entire command in addition to controlling the recovery level for a single LBA The total amount of time spent in error recovery for a command can be limited using the Recovery Time Limit bytes in the Error Recovery mode page The total amount of time spent in error recovery for a single LBA can be limited using the Read Retry Count or Write Retry Count bytes in the Error Recovery mode page Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 35 The drive firmware error recovery algorithms consist of 12 levels for read recoveries and five levels for write Each level may consist of multiple steps where a step is defined as a recovery function involving a single re read or re write attempt The maximum level used by the drive in LBA recovery is determined by the read and write retry counts Table 14 equates the read and write retry count with the maximum possible recovery time for read and write recovery of individual LBAs The times given do not include time taken to perform reallocations Reallocations are performed when the ARRE bit for reads or AWRE bit for writes is one the RC bit is zero and the recov ery time limit for the command has not yet been met Time needed to perform realloc
90. t not caused by the read If an unrecoverable data error is detected a MEDIUM ERROR 03h in the Sense Key will be reported Multiple unrecoverable data errors resulting from the same cause are treated as 1 error Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 13 5 1 3 Seek errors A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track After detecting an initial seek error the drive automatically performs an error recovery process If the error recovery process fails a seek positioning error Error code 15h or 02h will be reported with a Hardware error 04h in the Sense Key Recoverable seek errors are specified at Less than 10 errors in 108 seeks Unrecoverable seek errors Sense Key 04h are classified as drive failures 5 1 4 Interface errors An interface error is defined as a failure of the receiver on a port to recover the data as transmitted by the device port connected to the receiver The error may be detected as a running disparity error illegal code loss of word sync or CRC error 5 2 Reliability and service You can enhance the reliability of Constellation disc drives by ensuring that the drive receives adequate cool ing Section 6 0 provides temperature measurements and other information that may be used to enhance the service life of the drive Section 9 2 provides recommended air flow information 5 2 1 Annualized Failure Rate AFR and Mean Time Between Failure MTBF The product
91. tal regulations Special attention must be given in the areas of safety power distribution shielding audible noise control and temper ature regulation In particular the drive must be securely mounted to guarantee the specified performance characteristics Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 9 3 2 1 Standards The Constellation family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropriate sections of this manual and the Seagate SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 The drives are recognized in accordance with UL 60950 1 as tested by UL CSA 60950 1 as tested by CSA and EN60950 1 as tested by TUV Standards compliance at SAS 6 Gbits sec interface speed is pending 2 1 1 Electromagnetic compatibility The drive as delivered is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use The drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable shielding The drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged however it is the User s responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in th
92. the interface is given in the SAS Interface Manual The SSP Response returns information to the host about numerous kinds of errors or faults The Receive Diagnostic Results reports the results of diagnostic operations performed by the drive Status returned by the drive to the initiator is described in the SAS Interface Manual Status reporting plays a role in systems error management and its use in that respect is described in sections where the various com mands are discussed 36 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 8 4 Background Media Scan Background Media Scan BMS is a self initiated media scan BMS is defined in the T10 document SPC 4 available from the T10 committee BMS performs sequential reads across the entire pack of the media while the drive is idle In RAID arrays BMS allows hot spare drives to be scanned for defects prior to being put into service by the host system On regular duty drives if the host system makes use of the BMS Log Page it can avoid placing data in suspect locations on the media Unreadable and recovered error sites will be logged or reallocated per ARRE AWRE settings With BMS the host system can consume less power and system overhead by only checking BMS status and results rather than tying up the bus and consuming power in the process of host initiated media scanning activ ity Since the background scan functions are only done during idle periods BMS causes a negligible impact to sys tem perfor
93. the process starts over Predictive failures S M A R T signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time The firm ware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable To accom plish this a counter is incremented each time the error rate is unacceptable and decremented not to exceed zero whenever the error rate is acceptable If the counter continually increments such that it reaches the pre dictive threshold a predictive failure is signaled This counter is referred to as the Failure History Counter There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute 5 2 5 Thermal monitor Constellation drives implement a temperature warning system which 1 Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a value which would threaten the drive 2 Signals the host if the temperature exceeds a user specified value 3 Saves a S M A R T data frame on the drive which exceeds the threatening temperature value A temperature sensor monitors the drive temperature and issues a warning over the interface when the tem perature exceeds a set threshold The temperature is measured at power up and then at ten minute intervals after power up The thermal monitor system generates a warning code of 01 0B01 when the temperature exceeds the speci fied limit in compliance with the SCSI standard The drive temperature is reported in the FRU code field of mode sense data
94. the second port completes speed negotiation both ports revert back to the power on condition of allow ing the supported link rate 1 5 3 0 or 6 0 Gbits sec Subject to buffer availability the Constellation drives support e Concurrent port transfers The drive supports receiving COMMAND TASK management transfers on both ports at the same time Full duplex The drive supports sending XFER_RDY DATA and RESPONSE transfers while receiving frames on both ports Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 43 10 3 SCSI commands supported Table 17 lists the SCSI commands supported by Constellation drives Table 17 Supported commands Command name Command code Supported Change Definition 40h Compare 39h Copy 18h Copy and Verify 3Ah Format Unit 1 04h DPRY bit supported DCRT bit supported STPF bit supported IP bit supported DSP bit supported IMMED bit supported VS vendor specific Inquiry 12h Date Code page C1h Device Behavior page C3h Firmware Numbers page COh Implemented Operating Def page 81h Jumper Settings page C2h Supported Vital Product Data page 00h Unit Serial Number page 80h Lock unlock cache 36h Log Select 4Ch PCR bit DU bit DS bit TSD bit ETC bit TMC bit LP bit Protocol specific Log Page for SAS 18h Log Sense 4Dh Application Client Log page OFh
95. tions You may order the following items which are incorporated at the manufacturing facility during production or packaged before shipping Some of the options available are not an exhaustive list of possible options e Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested e Single unit shipping pack The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection against transit damage Units shipped individually require additional protection as provided by the single unit shipping pack Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications part number 75789512 is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped but extra copies may be ordered 8 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 4 0 Performance characteristics This section provides detailed information concerning performance related characteristics and features of Con stellation drives 4 1 Internal drive characteristics ST9500430SS amp ST9500431SS Drive capacity 500 Gbytes formatted rounded off value Read write data heads 6 Bytes per track 890 823 Bytes average rounded off values Bytes per surface 83 370 Mbytes unformatted rounded off value Tracks per surface total 123 148 Tracks user accessible Tracks per inch 200 000 TPI average Peak bits per inch 1 410 000 BPI Areal density 283 Gbit in Internal data rate 75 142 Mbytes sec variable with
96. tly having nothing to do with the state of RCD When a write command is issued if RCD 0 the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command If there are the respective cache segments are cleared The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands If the number of write data logical blocks exceed the size of the segment being written into when the end of the segment is reached the data is written into the beginning of the same cache segment overwriting the data that was written there at the beginning of the operation however the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet been written to the medium If write caching is enabled WCE 1 then the drive may return Good status on a write command after the data has been transferred into the cache but before the data has been written to the medium If an error occurs while writing the data to the medium and Good status has already been returned a deferred error will be gen erated The Synchronize Cache command may be used to force the drive to write all cached write data to the medium Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command all data received from previous write commands will have been written to the medium Table 19 shows the mode default settings for the drive 4 5 2 Prefetch operation If the Prefetch feature is enabled data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyon
97. to implement the DST function on this drive 5 2 6 2 1 State of the drive prior to testing The drive must be in a ready state before issuing the Send Diagnostic command There are multiple reasons why a drive may not be ready some of which are valid conditions and not errors For example a drive may be in process of doing a format or another DST It is the responsibility of the host application to determine the not ready cause While not technically part of DST a Not Ready condition also qualifies the drive to be returned to Seagate as a failed drive A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under the following conditions e Motor will not spin Motor will not lock to speed e Servo will not lock on track e Drive cannot read configuration tables from the disc In these conditions the drive responds to a Test Unit Ready command with an 02 04 00 or 02 04 03 code 5 2 6 2 2 Invoking DST To invoke DST submit the Send Diagnostic command with the appropriate Function Code 001b for the short test or 010b for the extended test in bytes 1 bits 5 6 and 7 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 17 5 2 6 2 3 Short and extended tests DST has two testing options 1 short 2 extended These testing options are described in the following two subsections Each test consists of three segments an electrical test segment a servo test segment and a read verify scan segment Short test Function Code 001b
98. tometer signal b All measurements are made through mated connector pairs c The media impedance measurement identifies the impedance mismatches present in the media when terminated in its characteristic impedance This measurement excludes mated connectors at both ends of the media when present but includes any intermediate connectors or splices The mated connectors measurement applies only to the mated connector pair at each end as applicable d Where the media has an electrical length of gt 4 ns the procedure detailed in SFF 8410 or an equivalent procedure shall be used to determine the impedance e The receiver termination impedance specification applies to all receivers in a TXRx connection and covers all time points between the connector nearest the receiver the receiver and the transmission line terminator This measurement shall be made from that connector f At the time point corresponding to the connection of the receiver to the transmission line the input capacitance of the receiver and its connection to the transmission line may cause the measured impedance to fall below the minimum impedances specified in this table The area of the impedance dip amplitude as p the reflection coefficient and duration in time caused by this capacitance is the receiver termination time constant The receiver time constant shall not be greater than the values shown in this table An approximate value for the receiver termination time constant is gi
99. usoidal jitter may be reduced by an amount proportional to the actual externally induced interference between the applica tion point of the test and the input to the receiving phy The additional jitter reduces the eye opening in both voltage and time 66 Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 11 0 Seagate Technology support services Internet For information regarding Seagate products and services visit www seagate com Worldwide support is available 24 hours daily by email for your questions Presales Support Presales Seagate com Technical Support DiscSupport Seagate com Warranty Support http www seagate com www en us support warranty_ amp returns assistance mySeagate my seagate com is the industry s first Web portal designed specifically for OEMs and distributors It provides self service access to critical applications personalized content and the tools that allow our partners to man age their Seagate account functions Submit pricing requests orders and returns through a single password protected Web interface anytime anywhere in the world spp seagate com spp seagate com supports Seagate resellers with product information program benefits and sales tools You may register for customized communications that are not available on the web These communications contain product launch EOL pricing promotions and other channel related information To learn more about the ben efits or to register go to spp seag
100. values for jitter in this section are measured at the average amplitude point Total jitter is the sum of deterministic jitter and random jitter If the actual deterministic jitter is less than the maximum specified then the random jitter may increase as long as the total jitter does not exceed the specified maximum total jitter Total jitter is specified at a probability of 1012 The deterministic and total values in this table apply to jitter after application of a single pole high pass frequency weighting function that progressively attenuates jitter at 20 dB decade below a frequency of bit rate 1 667 If total jitter received at any point is less than the maximum allowed then the jitter distribution of the signals is allowed to be asymmetric The total jitter plus the magnitude of the asymmetry shall not exceed the allowed maximum total jitter The numerical difference between the average of the peaks with a BER lt 1012 and the average of the individual events is the measure of the asymmetry Jitter peak to peak measured lt maximum total jitter Asymmetry Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 61 10 5 2 3 2 Receiver jitter tolerance Table 29 defines the amount of jitter the receiver shall tolerate Table 29 Receiver jitter tolerance 1 5 Gbps 3 0 Gbps Sinusoidal Deterministic Total Sinusoidal Deterministic Total jitterP C jitterefh jitterh jitterP d jitter 9 h jitterh 0 10 0 35 0 65 0 10 0 35 0 65
101. ven by the product of the amplitude of the dip as p and its width in ps measured at the half amplitude point The amplitude is defined as being the difference in the reflection coefficient between the reflection coefficient at the nominal impedance and the reflection coefficient at the minimum impedance point The value of the receiver excess input capacitance is given by the following equation C receiver termination time constant RO RR where RO RR is the parallel combination of the transmission line characteristic impedance and termination resistance at the receiver g The difference in measured impedance to ground on the plus and minus terminals on the interconnect transmitter or receiver with a differential test signal applied to those terminals 10 5 2 4 Electrical TxRx connections TxRx connections may be divided into TxRx connection segments In a single TxRx connection individual TxRx connection segments may be formed from differing media and materials including traces on printed wir ing boards and optical fibers This subclause applies only to TxRx connection segments that are formed from electrically conductive media Each electrical TxRx connection segment shall comply with the impedance requirements of table 30 for the media from which they are formed An equalizer network if present shall be part of the TxRx connection TxRx connections that are composed entirely of electrically conducting media shall be applied
102. yption key and its own user supplied password The host may change the Encryption Key see Section 7 6 or the password when required The bands should be aligned to 4K LBA boundaries Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 33 7 6 Cryptographic erase A significant feature of SEDs is the ability to perform a cryptographic erase This involves the host telling the drive to change the data encryption key for a particular band Once changed the data is no longer recoverable since it was written with one key and will be read using a different key Since the drive overwrites the old key with the new one and keeps no history of key changes the user data can never be recovered This is tanta mount to an instantaneous data erase and is very useful if the drive is to be scrapped or redispositioned 7 7 Authenticated firmware download In addition to providing a locking mechanism to prevent unwanted firmware download attempts the drive also only accepts download files which have been cryptographically signed by the appropriate Seagate Design Center Three conditions must be met before the drive will allow the download operation 1 The download must be an SED file A standard base drive non SED file will be rejected 2 The download file must be signed and authenticated 3 As with a non SED drive the download file must pass the acceptance criteria for the drive For example it must be applicable to the correct drive model and have compatibl
103. zone Disc rotation speed 7 200 rpm Avg rotational latency 4 16 msec 4 2 Seek performance characteristics See Section 10 4 1 SAS physical interface on page 52 and the SAS Interface Manual part number 100293071 for additional timing details 4 2 1 Access time Including controller overhead 2 Not including controller overhead 2 msec msec Read Write Read Write Average Typical3 4 8 2 8 6 8 0 8 4 Single track Typical3 4 0 5 0 7 0 5 0 7 Full stroke Typical3 4 17 55 18 02 17 35 17 82 1 Execution time measured from receipt of the Command to the Response 2 Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated 3 Typical access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature voltage and horizontal orientation as measured on a representative sample of drives 4 Access time controller overhead average seek time and applies to all data transfer commands Access to data access time latency time Constellation SAS Product Manual Rev B 9 4 2 2 Format command execution time for 512 byte sectors minutes ST9500430SS amp ST9500431SS Maximum with verify 216 Maximum without verify 108 Note There is no significant difference in the format time between SED and non SED models of the same capacity 4 2 3 General performance characteristics Minimum sector interleave 1to 1 Data buffer to from disc media one 512 byte logical block 75 to 142 MBytes sec Sustained transfer rate 95 to 100 Mbytes sec SAS Interface m

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