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Adaptec SATA II RAID 1220SA

1. Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System 145 Installing with NetWare Note NetWare does not support drive enclosures with port multipliers but supports eSATA drives You will need your NetWare Installation CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing NetWare 1 10 11 Restart your computer then install NetWare For instructions refer to your NetWare documentation To be able to load additional drivers later select Manual install mode during the first part of the installation Click Continue to load additional drivers a Select Modify when the storage adapters are displayed b Select Storage Adapters then press the Insert key twice to add an unlisted driver from the floppy disk When the Device Types screen displays check the Storage adapters list then select Modify to add another driver Select Storage Adapters then press Enter All recognized controllers are displayed If necessary remove the default HostRAID driver lt driver name gt ham Press the Delete key to remove it Press Insert to add another driver The available drivers are displayed Insert the driver floppy disk Press the Insert key to scan the floppy disk drive Once the driver is selected the Parameter screen is displayed From the lower window menu select Continue then press Enter If the driver installation process fails the serv
2. Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 59 How Do SAS Devices Communicate SAS devices communicate with each other through links A link is a physical connection between two phys As shown in the following figure SAS devices contain ports which contain phys see next section and each phy contains one transmitter and one receiver one transceiver A phy can belong to one port only SAS Device SAS Device link Narrow Receiver e 7 Transmitter Narrow Port Phy Transmitter gt If Receiver Phy Port SAS Device Transmitter EE l Receiver Y wide Wide Phy m Transmitter Ph Port Receiver Port Ph Receiver y Transmitter SAS Device Receiver Transmitter Phy Transmitter Receiver Phy Receiver Transmitter Wide Phy Transmitter Receiver Phy Wide Port Ph Receiver Transmitter Port y Transmitter Receiver Receiver Transmitter Phy Transmitter Receiver Phy What s a Phy Phys are part of the physical communication connection between SAS devices Each phy contains a transceiver that sends data back and forth between SAS devices When a connection is formed between two end devices a link is established from a phy in one port to a phy in the other port As shown in the figure above a wide port can support multiple independent links simultaneously Phys are internal within SAS connectors see page 60 SAS cables physi
3. Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare When an array is protected by a hot spare if a disk drive in that array fails the hot spare is automatically incorporated into the array and takes over for the failed drive To recover from the failure remove and replace the failed disk drive following manufacturer s instructions Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare If a disk drive fails in an array that is not protected by a hot spare replace the failed drive The controller detects the new disk drive and rebuilds the array Chapter 10 Solving Problems 155 If the controller fails to rebuild the array check that the cables disk drives and controllers are properly installed and connected Then if necessary use Adaptec Storage Manager to rebuild the array For instructions refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide or online Help Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously If the disk drive failure in more than one array at the same time one failure per array and the arrays are protected by hot spares the controller rebuilds the arrays with these limitations e A hot spare must be of equal or greater size than the failed disk drive it s replacing e Failed disk drives are replaced with hot spares in the order in which they failed The array that includes the disk drive that failed first is rebuilt first assuming an appropriate hot spare is available see bullet above If there are more disk driv
4. For the best performance use the available slot that s compatible with your HostRAID controller see Chapter 2 PCI PCle bus compatibility is marked to the controller figures in About Your HostRAID Controller on page 14 A Caution Touch a grounded metal object before handling the HostRAID controller 3 As shown at right insert the HostRAID controller into the expansion slot and press down gently but firmly until it clicks into place When installed properly the HostRAID controller should appear level with the expansion slot 4 Secure the bracket in the expansion slot using the retention device for instance a screw or lever supplied with your computer 5 Connect your computer s disk activity LED cable to the LED connector on the HostRAID controller if applicable to _ your controller The LED connectors are marked on the figures in About Your HostRAID Controller on page 14 Ensure that the positive lead of the LED cable usually a red wire or a wire marked with a red stripe is connected to pin 1 Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 128 6 Optional Connect your HostRAID controller s 12C connector not available on all models to an I2C connector on an internal backplane or enclosure using an I2C cable 7 Connect your disk drives following the instructions on page 30 for SAS controllers or page 32 for SATA controllers Selecting Disk Drives When selecting disk drives f
5. adaptec SAS and SATA me HostRAID Controller Installation and User s Guide e2 Copyright 2007 Adaptec Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written consent of Adaptec Inc 691 South Milpitas Blvd Milpitas CA 95035 Trademarks Adaptec Adaptec Storage Manager SCSISelect SATASelect SerialSelect and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec Inc which may be registered in some jurisdictions Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the US and other countries used under license Red Hat is a trademark of Red Hat Inc in the US and other countries used under license Novell and NetWare are trademarks of Novell Inc in the US and other countries used under license All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Changes The material in this document is for information only and is subject to change without notice While reasonable efforts have been made in the preparation of this document to assure its accuracy Adaptec Inc assumes no liability resulting from errors or omissions in this document or from the use of the information contained herein Adaptec reserves the right to make changes in the product design without reservation and without notification to its users
6. Disclaimer IF THIS PRODUCT DIRECTS YOU TO COPY MATERIALS YOU MUST HAVE PERMISSION FROM THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OF THE MATERIALS TO AVOID VIOLATING THE LAW WHICH COULD RESULT IN DAMAGES OR OTHER REMEDIES 3 Adaptec Customer Support If you have questions about installing or using your Adaptec product check this document first you will find answers to most of your questions If you need further assistance use the support options listed below To expedite your service have your computer in front of you Technical Support Identification TSID Number e Before contacting Technical Support you need your unique 12 digit TSID number The TSID number identifies your product and support status e The TSID number is included on a white bar coded label like this example TSID PTNNNNNNYYWW La NUMBER WILI 1P PRODUCT P N PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP I H CONTAS TINE TECHNICAL HNN n SUPPORT 5 PRODUCT S N XXXXXXXXXXXXXX LENORE OUT OD DEVEUA AT ON URETT VUN e Affix a copy of the TSID label to the CD jacket so that you don t lose it North America e Visit our Web site at www adaptec com Search the Adaptec Support Knowledgebase ASK at ask adaptec com for articles troubleshooting tips and frequently asked questions for your product e For information about Adaptec s support options call 1 408 957 2550 24 hours per day 7 days per week To speak with a Technical Support Specialist call 1 408 934 7274 or 1 321 207 20
7. Esc and other keys on your keyboard Before creating arrays make sure the disks for the array are connected and installed Disks with no usable space are shown in gray and cannot be used To create an array 1 Turn on your computer and press Ctrl A when prompted to access the Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility 2 From the ARC menu select Array Configuration Utility ACU 3 From the ACU Main menu select Create Array 4 Select the disks for the new array RAID 0 and 1 requires a minimum of two disk drives RAID 10 requires a minimum of four disk drives Then press Insert To deselect any disk highlight the disk then press Delete See the table on for the maximum number of drives that your HostRAID controller can support 5 Select Enter when all disks for the new array are selected The Array Properties menu displays For more Information see Assigning Array Properties on page 70 6 When you are finished select Done Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager This section describes how to use the Adaptec Storage Manager configuration wizard to build a RAID 0 1 or 10 array Note You will need the HostRAID Installation CD to complete this task To create a RAID 0 1 or 10 array 1 Insert the HostRAID Installation CD into your CD drive then restart your computer 2 When prompted select the language you want then press Enter Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array 140 3 Review the license informatio
8. invoke the ARC utility by pressing Ctrl A after the SAS HostRAID controller BIOS banner appears Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 75 SerialSelect Options Available Settings Description Physical Drives Display Enabled When Enabled connected physical devices are during Post Disabled displayed during system POST Displaying the devices adds a few seconds to the overall POST time PHY Configuration PHY Rate Auto 1 5 3 0 The data transfer rate between the HostRAID controller and devices The default setting is Automatic which allows the SAS HostRAID controller to adjust the speed as needed SAS Address O F Specifies the last digit of a 64 bit SAS address of the HostRAID controller device and each port using a globally unique worldwide name WWN identifier Controller Properties PCI Slot Bus None Displays the path of the storage devices in a Host Device Function RAID controller Interrupt IRQ Channel None Displays interrupt 1 0 Port Address None Displays I O port address Device ID None Displays device ID Controller Serial None Displays controller serial number Number Controller WWN None Displays the controller WWN Using SATASelect The SATASelect utility allows you to change the BIOS and SATA HostRAID controller and device settings without opening the computer cabinet To access SATASelect 1 2 Restart the computer then press Ctrl A when prompted to access the ARC utility If mul
9. 73 to create a simple volume e Ifyou stop the build or clear process on a RAID 1 from ACU you can restart it by pressing Ctrl R e ARAID 1and 10 created using the Quick Init option may return some data miscompares if you later run a consistency check This is normal and is not a cause for concern e Ifyou stop the migration process on a RAID 0 you can restart it by pressing Ctrl R e To modify the Write Cache setting for an array press Ctrl W Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 71 e The ACU allows you to use drives of different sizes in a RAID 1 or RAID 0 However during a build operation only the smaller drive can be selected as the source drive e When migrating from single volume to RAID 0 migrating from a larger drive to a smaller drive is allowed However the destination drive must be at least half the capacity of the source drive e Itis not recommend that you migrate or build an array on Windows dynamic disks volumes as it will result in data loss 5 When you are finished press Done Managing Arrays Select the Manage Arrays option to perform these tasks e Rebuilding Arrays next section e Viewing Array Properties on page 71 e Deleting Arrays on page 72 e Enabling Disabling Write Cache on page 72 Rebuilding Arrays Note Rebuilding applies to Fault Tolerant arrays RAID 1 only By replacing a failed drive of a RAID 1 array with a new drive you can rebuild to get the array to Optimal status and as
10. Controller and Disk Drives 130 Selecting SATA Cables You need one straight connector to straight connector SATA cable for each disk drive you are connecting to your SATA HostRAID controller SATA cables are included in the kit External SATA eSATA cable Internal 4x SATA to SFF 8484 fanout cable Internal SATA to SATA cables Note These cables are included in the SATA HostRAID controller kit There are f two cables included in the 1220SA kit Ta and four cables in the 1420SA or aai 1430SA kit All SATA straight connector to straight connector cables have the same connectors as shown in the following figure and the connectors are keyed so that you can t insert them incorrectly Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SATA cables For more information or to purchase cables visit www adaptec com Connecting Disk Drives to SAS HostRAID Controllers You can connect SAS disk drives SATA disk drives or a combination of both to your SAS HostRAID controller There are no jumpers or switches to set before installation If you plan to build a bootable array using internal disk drives ensure you install at least the minimum number disk drives required to support the RAID level you want See page 65 for more information Note Although you can connect both SAS and SATA disk drives to your SAS HostRAID controller Adaptec recommends not to combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array or logical drive See page 59 for mor
11. HostRAID controller and the software and utilities included with it in these documents e Readme txt Describes details about updated product information and known issues located on the HostRAID Installation CD e Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide Describes how to install and use the Adaptec Storage Manager software located on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD See Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 for more information e Adaptec Storage Manager online Help Describes how to use the Adaptec Storage Manager software e Command Line Utility for Direct Attached Storage User s Guide Describes how to use the Adaptec HostRAID Controller Configuration HRCONF command line utility to Chapter 1 About This Guide 13 perform basic array and configuration management functions located on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD About Your HostRAID Controller In this chapter PoahalD Controller Peas eenen E Ce The Adaptec 30300 Tontrollek csipni A About the Adaptec 48300 Controller ssscinseninn en E About the Adaptec 44300 Controller ssccicnecccenmseneninee e About the Adaptec 14309A Conirollet scarseinioeio arein R About theAdaptec 0A Controli nreneenanen a a About the Adapter 12209A ei oei diag About the Adapted 12255A Controlli aea aaia AE RREO This chapter provides an overview of standard HostRAID controller features and describes the unique features of Adaptec SAS and SATA HostRAID
12. and provides more options for building your storage space SAS lets you mix SAS and SATA disk drives together and lets you connect many many more devices The following table describes many of the main differences between the two interfaces Parallel interface Serial interface Maximum speed 320 MB sec Maximum speed 600 MB sec per phy shared by all devices on the bus when in full duplex mode Supports SCSI devices only Supports SATA and SAS disk drives simultaneously Up to 16 devices per SCSI channel More than 128 disk drives per SAS controller using an expander see page 61 Supports single port devices only Supports single and dual port devices Uses SCSI IDs to differentiate Uses unique SAS addresses to between devices connected tothe differentiate between devices same adapter Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 63 Parallel SCSI Serial Attached SCSI User intervention required to set SAS addresses self configured by SAS SCSI IDs devices Requires bus termination Requires no bus termination Standard SCSI connectors SAS connectors see page 28 Using the ARC Utility In this chapter lnioducnion tothe ARG UUL osc cacsscssncsaaeeseerccrsptapeceinesuensispacsicie tice denuaavedetianianeamnaveans Gaeved 69 Runnin thie ARC Be 1 cient ee peer een eet eel ee eee etree ee Pere error ee eee ere 69 eating and Manding Alte aia RRRA ARR 69 Deins oera OEEC cata Gecdes cates dns a gave cnts gh tan lutedonsi vandal u
13. are connected to and communicate with each other through a system backplane The figure on page 31 shows an example of backplane connections There are two types of backplane connections passive and active When connecting to either backplane it s important to properly connect your disk drive LEDs in order to identify disk drive conditions See About Your HostRAID Controller on page 14 for your RAID controller Activity LED connections and locations When connecting to a backplane the Adaptec Storage Manager enables you to manage your system disk drives see Next Steps on page 34 The number of end devices is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane For example the Adaptec S50 enclosure which contains an expander is a backplane connection that supports up to 12 SAS or SATA disk drives Some backplanes support daisy chain expansion to other backplanes For example you can daisy chain up to nine Adaptec S50 enclosures to a single SAS controller in a host system SAS Expander Connections A SAS expander device literally expands the number of end devices that you can connect together Expander devices typically embedded into a system backplane see page 31 support large configurations of SAS end devices including SAS controllers and SAS and SATA disk drives With expander devices you can build large and complex storage topologies There are two types of SAS expanders fanout expanders and edge expanders Each perform
14. can group disk drives into logical drives and build in redundancy to protect your data and improve system performance Adaptec Storage Manager is included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD For installation instructions refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide also included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD You can also use Adaptec Storage Manager to monitor and manage all the controllers and disk drives in your storage space from a single location When Adaptec Storage Manager is installed on a computer the Adaptec Storage Manager agent is also installed automatically The agent is like a service that keeps your storage space running It runs in the background without user intervention and monitors and manages system health notifies events schedules tasks and manages other on going processes It sends notices when tasks are completed successfully and sounds an alarm when errors or failures occur The agent uses less memory than the full application If your storage space includes systems that won t be connected to monitors and therefore won t require the user interface you can choose to run the agent only on those systems instead of the full application For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide or online Help Installing Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager is included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD For installation instructions ref
15. controllers Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 115 HostRAID Controller Features Port multiplier support You can connect one SATA drive enclosure with a port multiplier to 1225SA HostRAID controller Note To find out the version of the port multiplier refer to the drive enclosure documentation Adaptec supports Si13726 with one 3 Gbps SATA II host interface and five SATA device ports We support only 3Gbps NCQ enabled drives Note NetWare does not support drive enclosures with port multipliers but supports eSATA drives Greater than 2 TB support You can create and manage HostRAID arrays which are bigger than 2TB size Hence users can use the current and future high capacity hard disk drives above 750GB Flash ROM for updates to controller firmware Event logging and broadcasting including messaging for alphanumeric pagers Support for Adaptec Metadata Format AMF allowing the migration of simple volumes and arrays to Adaptec RAID controllers Multiple options for creating and managing RAID arrays A full software application Adaptec Storage Manager a BIOS based utility and a command line utility See Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 for more information Support for disk drive hot swapping Support for disk drive enclosures with SAF TE enclosure management hardware Array Level Features Support for RAID 0 1 10 and simple volumes with these HostRAID limitations e RAID 0 support for max six
16. disk 1 10 Set your system BIOS so that your computer boots from the CD drive For instructions refer to your computer s documentation Turn on your computer then insert the HostRAID Installation CD included in your controller kit Follow the on screen instructions to get to the Adaptec Start Menu Click Create Driver Disk from the Main Menu Select one of the operating systems from this list e Windows XP 2003 and Windows Vista e Linux e Netware Select the type of operating system you want to use Select the version of the operating system When prompted insert the floppy disk then click OK The system creates the driver disk Remove and label the driver disk Continue the driver installation for your operating system e Installing on Windows XP or Windows 2003 next section e Installing on Windows Vista on page 48 e Installing on Red Hat or SUSE Linux on page 48 e Installing on NetWare on page 48 Installing on Windows XP or Windows 2003 To install the driver on Windows 1 2 Start or restart Windows The Found New Hardware Wizard opens and searches for the driver Insert the driver disk select Floppy drive then click Next Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 148 3 4 5 6 Click Next then click Next again Follow the on screen instructions to complete the driver installation Remove the driver disk and restart your computer Continue with Managing Yo
17. drives with SAS and max four drives with SATA e RAID 10 support for max four drives e RAID 1 is build with two drives always The maximum number of arrays per controller is two The maximum number of global hot spares per controller is one Hot swap rebuild of fault tolerant arrays through the operating system Support for automatic failover so arrays are automatically rebuilt when a failed disk drive is replaced applies to redundant arrays in SES2 or SAF TE enabled disk drive enclosures only Global hot spare protecting every fault tolerant array that the drive has enough available capacity to protect Support for migration e Simple Volume to RAID 0 e Simple Volume to RAID 1 SATA only Native command queuing NCQ which lets disk drives arrange commands into the most efficient order for optimum performance Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 116 e SAS only Support for disk drive enclosures with SES2 enclosure management hardware Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 117 About the Adaptec 58300 Controller The Adaptec 58300 is a low profile PCI X to 8 Phy SAS 1 0 HostRAID controller with these features External miniSAS Connectors Drive LEDs J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header 3 3V PCI X Connector Mounting bracket Formx factor Low profile Bus compatibility PCI X PCI bus width max 64 bit PCI bus speed max 133 MHz PHYs 8 Connectors internal None Connecto
18. for your controller Terminology Used in this Guide Because you can use your HostRAID controller to manage data storage in a variety of configurations from DAS to NAS to SAN the generic term storage space is used to refer to controllers and disk drives being managed with Adaptec Storage Manager or the other utilities described in this Guide Many of the terms and concepts referred to in this Guide have multiple names To maintain consistency they are represented as e Controller also known as host bus adapter board e Disk drive also known as hard disk hard drive or hard disk drive e Array also known as logical drive Note In DAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide refers to arrays as logical drives Your RAID controller creates arrays which your operating system and Adaptec Storage Manager recognizes as logical drives In NAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager displays both arrays and logical drives For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Direct Attached Storage on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD Conventions Used in This Guide In this documentation the term SAS only means that the requirement feature or procedure is applicable only to SAS HostRAID controllers The term SATA only means that the requirement feature or procedure is applicable only to SATA HostRAID controllers How to Find More Information You can find more information about your
19. your computer from the bootable HostRAID Installation CD Click Create Driver Disk from the Main Menu Select one of the operating systems from the list e Windows e Linux e Netware Select the type of operating system you want to use Select the version of the operating system When prompted insert a floppy disk then click OK The system creates the driver disk Remove and label the driver disk Continue with the instructions for your operating system e Installing with Windows on page 43 e Installing with Red Hat Linux on page 44 e Installing with SUSE Linux on page 44 e Installing with NetWare on page 45 Installing with Windows You will need your Windows Installation CD to complete this task To install the HostRAID controller driver while installing Windows 1 2 3 Insert your Windows CD then restart the computer Follow the on screen instructions to begin the Windows installation When prompted to install a third party driver press F6 Note When F6 is active a prompt appears at the bottom of the screen for only 5 seconds If you miss your chance to press F6 restart your computer Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System 144 7 8 Insert the driver disk then wait until you are prompted to install a driver Press S to specify that the driver is on a floppy disk then press Enter The computer reads the disk When the Adaptec SAS or SATA driver is found press Enter Follow the o
20. 00 e For support via e mail submit your question at ask adaptec com e You can order Adaptec products including accessories and cables by calling 1 408 957 7274 Or you can order cables online at www adaptec com Europe e Visit our Web site at www adaptec com e German Call 49 89 43 66 55 22 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 CET For support via e mail submit your question at ask de adaptec com e French Call 49 89 43 66 55 33 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 CET For support via e mail submit your question at ask fr adaptec com e English Call 49 89 43 66 55 44 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 GMT For support via e mail submit your question at ask adaptec com e You can order Adaptec cables online at www adaptec com Japan e Visit our Web site at www adaptec co jp e Call 0044 2213 2601 Limited 3 Year Hardware Warranty 1 Adaptec Inc Adaptec warrants to the purchaser of this product that it will be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three 3 years from the date of purchase If the product should become defective within the warranty period Adaptec at its option will repair or replace the product or refund the purchaser s purchase price for the product provided it is delivered at the purchaser s expense to an authorized Adaptec service facility or to Adaptec Repair or replacement parts or products will be furnished on an exchange basis and will either be new o
21. 10 Spanned array consisting of two or more equal sized RAID 1 arrays Provides redundancy by striping and mirroring Mirroring provides data protection and striping improves performance See mirrored array mirroring RAID 0 RAID signature The area on each disk reserved for use by the RAID controller RAID volume Concatenates two or more arrays of the same type rebuild Background regeneration of redundant data on a RAID 1 redundant The ability of an array to maintain operability when one or more hardware failures occur RAID 1 is redundant In the event of a drive failure redundant arrays can be restored to normal operation by replacing the failed drive and rebuilding the array rescan Process of updating the current screen to show all currently available resources S Serial Attached SCSI SAS An evolution of parallel SCSI to a point to point serial interface Serial ATA SATA A successor to ATA that uses a serial instead of parallel interface simple volume A volume made up of disk space from a single disk It can consist of a single region on a disk or concatenated multiple regions of the same disk single level array Array created from one or more segments See volume RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 10 snapshot Instantaneous read only copy of an array at a precise point in time stripe Contiguous set of data distributed across all the disks in an array A striped array distributes data evenly across all members in equ
22. 1998 A1 2001 A2 2003 Immunity EN61000 4 2 1995 Electrostatic discharge 4 kV contact 8 kV air EN61000 4 3 1996 Radiated immunity EN61000 4 4 1995 Electrical fast transients burst 1 kV AC 0 5 kV I O EN61000 4 5 1995 Surges 1 kV differential mode 2 kV common mode EN61000 4 6 1996 Conducted immunity 3 V EN61000 4 11 1994 Supply dips and variation 30 and 100 In addition all equipment requiring U L listing has been found to comply with EMC Directive 73 23 EEC as amended by 93 68 EEC in accordance with EN60950 with amendments A1 A2 A3 A4 All Australian New Zealand Compliance Statement This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to the Australian New Zealand standard AS NZS 3548 set out by the Spectrum Management Agency Jef Canadian Compliance Statement This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du R glement sur le mat riel brouilleur du Canada Japanese Compliance Voluntary Control Council Initiative This equipment complies to class B Information Technology equipment based on VCCI Voluntary Control Council for Interface This equipment is designed for home use but it may causes radio frequency interference problem if used too near to a television or radio Please handle it correctly p
23. 20SA supports booting from the ELTORITO bootable CD DVD media If a bootable CD DVD media is detected that bootable media gets precedence in the booting order Using SerialSelect The SerialSelect utility allows you to change the BIOS and SAS HostRAID controller and device settings without opening the computer cabinet For more information see SerialSelect Options on page 74 Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 74 To access SerialSelect 1 Restart the computer then press Ctrlt A when prompted to access the ARC utility 2 If multiple HostRAID controllers are installed select the HostRAID controller you want to configure then press Enter 3 From the ARC menu select SerialSelect Utility 4 To select a menu option browse with the arrow keys to the option then press Enter In some cases selecting an option displays another menu You can return to the previous menu at any time by pressing Esc 5 To restore the original SerialSelect default values press F6 from within the SAS Driver and Controller Configuration screens 6 To exit SerialSelect press Esc until a message prompts you to exit if you changed any settings you are prompted to save the changes before you exit 7 Atthe prompt select Yes to exit then press any key to restart the computer Any changes you made in SerialSelect take effect after the computer restarts SerialSelect Options The following table lists the available and default settings for each S
24. E E 30 Connecting Disk Drives to SAS HostRAID Controllers oo cccscicestesscesiberasatensuseuberasanlenctees 30 Connecting Disk Drives to SATA HostRAID ControllerS sssisiuisireresissiisssnisrs 32 Sethe the Boor Controller osscora nane a E eed aan a eaegies 33 Next Seps orrera a a TOE O a E 34 This chapter explains how to install your HostRAID controller and how to connect disk drives Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 127 Before You Begin e Read the Safety Information on page 92 e Familiarize yourself with your HostRAID controller s physical features and the RAID levels that it supports see page 14 e Ensure that you have the right number of disk drives to achieve the desired RAID level see page 64 e Ensure that you have the proper cables for your controller and disk drives see page 28 for SAS page 30 cables and for SATA cables e Ifyou have a low profile computer cabinet replace the original full height bracket with the low profile bracket supplied in the controller kit A Caution Handle the controller by its bracket or edges only Installing the HostRAID Controller This section describes how to install your HostRAID controller into your computer cabinet 1 Turn off your computer and disconnect the power cord Open the cabinet following the manufacturer s instructions 2 Select an available PCI PCIe or PCI X expansion slot and l l remove the slot cover as shown at right i l
25. LED signals only There is no I2C function on this controller as all ports are external Adaptec 48300 Activity LED Connector Specification 2216400 R ASC 48300 with I2C HR RoHS Kit 2254000 R ASC 48300 I2C ROHS Single J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 BUSYLED Aggregate Cathode 2 3 3V Aggregate Anode Note Aggregate LED signals only There is no separate I2C connector 12C signals are contained within the side band signals of the SFF 8484 connector J4 SFF 8484 Connector Pin Number Signal Description 14 I2C_CLK SBO 2W_SCL 15 I2C_DAT SB1 2W_SDA 16 GND SB2 Ground 17 GND SB3 Ground 18 RST_OUT SB4 Reset 19 BKPL_ID SB5 Backplane Address Appendix E HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference e 89 Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification 2220300 R ASC 44300 RoHS Kit 2253900 R ASC 44300 RoHS Single J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 BUSYLED Aggregate Cathode 2 3 3V Aggregate Anode Note Aggregate LED signals only There is no separate I2C connector I2C signals are contained within the side band signals of the SFF 8484 connector J4 SFF 8484 Connector Pin Number Signal Description 14 I2C_CLK SBO 2W_SCL 15 I2C_DAT SB1 2W_SDA 16 GND SB2 Ground 17 GND SB3 Ground 18 RST_OUT SB4 Reset 19 BKPL_ID SB5 Backplane Address Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Spec
26. RAID Level Your HostRAID controller supports these RAID levels RAID 0 Non redundant Array Stripes data across multiple disk drives Improved performance but no redundancy RAID 1 Array Created from two disk drives where one disk drive is a mirror of the other the same data is stored on each disk drive Redundancy but reduced capacity RAID 10 Array Built from two or more equal sized RAID 1 arrays stripes and mirrors data across multiple disk drives Redundancy and improved performance See page 64 for more information on RAID levels and use the table on page 65 to see how many disk drives you must connect to your HostRAID controller to support the RAID level you want Choosing Installation Options When you install your HostRAID controller you can choose to create a bootable array and then install both operating system and controller driver on that array Alternatively you can complete a standard installation where you install the controller driver on an existing operating system Note Adaptec 1225SA controller does not support bootable devices hence install this controller only on an existing operating system Basic Installation Steps This section describes the installation process Follow the steps for the installation option you ve chosen Installing with an Operating System You can install your HostRAID controller and the operating system using these steps 1 Install and connect your controller and disk drives see pa
27. RAID controller firmware go to The HostRAID Installation CD Includes the AFU executable AFU exe and a separate flash image The flash image may comprise multiple User Flash Image UFI files The Adaptec Web site www adaptec com Download a new firmware file to get the most recent version of AFU Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 81 Creating the Firmware Kit On Floppy Disks To create the firmware floppy disks 1 Create a bootable MS DOS floppy disk and copy these files to it e AFU exe e Axxxx01 ufi where xxx is the model number of your controller Note Most controller model numbers have a suffix Check that the ufi file is the correct file for your controller before copying 2 Copy each additional Axxxx0x ufi file to a separate floppy disk Some RAID controllers have one UFI file some have two Each goes onto its own floppy disk Running the AFU You can run the AFU using e Running the Menu Based AFU next section e Running the AFU from the Command Line on page 82 Running the Menu Based AFU The easy way to run the AFU is to use its GUI If you prefer to run the AFU from the command line see Running the AFU from the Command Line on page 82 To access the AFU 1 Shut down your operating system and reboot to DOS from a bootable MS DOS floppy disk or from a DOS partition on a bootable drive You can use the drive connected to the HostRAID controller you are updating Note When u
28. REPAIR REPLACEMENT OR REFUND AS PROVIDED ABOVE INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOSS OF DATA ARISING FROM BREACH OF ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY ARE NOT THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ADAPTEC AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED BOTH FOR PROPERTY DAMAGE AND TO THE EXTENT NOT UNCONSCIONABLE FOR PERSONAL INJURY DAMAGE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state Regulatory Compliance Statements Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement WARNING Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communication
29. SAS Cables on page 28 How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS In the BIOS and in the management utilities disk drives are identified with numbers in this format XX YY ZZ where XX is the disk drive count number YY is the enclosure number and ZZ is the slot number within the enclosure If the disk drive is not installed in an enclosure a double dashes appear instead of YY and ZZ for instance 01 Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 61 In parallel SCSI XX is the disk drive s channel number YY is the target number and ZZ is the logical unit number LUN What are the SAS Connection Options You can connect end devices to each other through direct cable connections and through backplane connections When you use one or more expander devices see page 61 you can create large configurations Direct Attach Connections In a direct attach connection SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS controller with SAS cables One disk drive is connected to one SAS connector with one SAS cable or multiple disk drives are connected to one SAS connector with one fan out cable The figure on page 31 shows an example of direct attach connections The number of direct connected disk drives is limited to the number of phys supported by the SAS controller Note There may be multiple phys within a single connector See page 60 Backplane Connections In a backplane connection disk drives and SAS controllers
30. To prevent ESD damage e Use an ESD wrist or ankle strap and ensure that it makes skin contact Connect the equipment end of the strap to an unpainted metal surface on the chassis e Ifa wrist strap is not available ground yourself by touching the metal chassis before handling the controller or any oth er part of the computer e Avoid touching the controller against your clothing The wrist strap protects components from ESD on the body only e Handle the controller by its bracket or edges only Avoid touching the printed circuit board or the connectors e Put the controller down only on an antistatic surface such as the bag supplied in your kit e Ifyou are returning the controller to Adaptec put it back in its antistatic bag immediately Technical Specifications In this chapter Eavnronmmental 5 ROTC AI S sieer E a E O ee DC Power Reguiremeni srine nien hie REREN 94 CATON Reguit mne osaan R E ER RR 94 Appendix G Technical Specifications e 94 Environmental Specifications Ambient temperature without forced 0 C to 40 C airflow Ambient temperature with forced airflow of atleast 200 CFM Relative humidity Altitude 0 C to 55 C 10 to 90 noncondensing up to 3 000 meters Note Forced airflow is recommended but not required DC Power Requirements PCI PCI X PCle Ripple and noise 50mV peak to peak max PCI PCIX DC Voltage PCle DC Voltage 5V 5 3 3V 10 3 3V 10 Curren
31. a a RRE About the Adaptec Flash 1 EEEE E A E 4 ees Uti ed A A R E oe Solving Problems Troubleshooting Checklist Recovering from a Disk Drive F Failu E EE A A Failed Disk Drive Protected gt a Hot Po Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot ita Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously siirinsesi DD Disk Drive Failure in a RAID Q Atty cc iccknnimmniiianinanmnimns I Multiple Failires in the Same ArtaFiscssucocssscnsunasuuunnsisa IS Resetting the Controller nsnaniemsininennnneienean gs Introduction to SAS Terminology Used in This Appendix What is SAS FaN nS How Do SAS Daiva P E initia Whitea TE ennonn aiia aaa 59 Whal sa SAS Port accent What s a SAS Address What s a SAS ne PAE EIA T i What do SAS Cables Look Li CR ee ee ee ee A ee How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS aes What are the SAS Connection Options jcascrssariarassarririmrireroreeranimnnnnins Ol Kne nei ELSE AA nS 61 v SAS aes Perea E E A N How is SAS Different from Parallel SESE AE A EE EE EA T A RAID RAID Technology Overview Livin aieiaiatbhiia Oe Understanding Drive Saints PE E E E E E Stripe Unit Size 6 RAID D Nom RALI Array ean E A PRAD LAINS ooe AEE EEEE N Contents e 9 RAID 10 Arrays EEEE E E Ee raio the Best I RAID yL evens S T E m T Using the ARC Utility Introduction to the ARC UTN ca rasirsistiarasscirsiirenchulanenenownniein running the ARC Utility Creati
32. al sized sections called stripes Glossary e 100 stripe size The amount of data in each section of a striped array striped array See RAID 0 RAID 10 T task An operation that occurs only on the RAID controller asynchronous to all other operations for example initializing a disk or verifying an array Some tasks can take an extended period of time particularly if the RAID controller is also performing intensive data I O while the task is running V verify Low level check that a drive logical device or hot spare is good In a RAID 1 verify is a low level check that contents of both members segments are consistent and optionally corrects errors while assuming that the master drive is correct In a simple volume verify performs a low level check that the whole drive can be read volume See simple volume Index A ACU creating arrays 69 Adaptec customer support 3 Adaptec Flash Utility See AFU Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility See HRCONF Adaptec Storage Manager installing 51 AFU 80 Array Configuration Utility See ACU arrays creating ACU 69 non RAID 65 RAID 1 66 RAID 10 66 backplane connections 31 61 C connectors 77 controllers event log 78 flashing 55 resetting 55 customer support 3 D data striping 65 direct attach connections 31 61 disk drives connecting to SAS controllers 30 connecting to SATA controllers 32 connections 77 failure recovery multiple array
33. apter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 22 About the Adaptec 1220SA Controller The Adaptec 1220SA is a low profile PCle to 2 port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features N Form factor Bus compatibility Ports Connector internal RAID levels Simple Volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure support Native Command Queuing NCQ Audible alarm Mounting bracket ef J1 Activity LED Connector SATA ports Loe X1 connector Low profile PCle X1 2 2 0 1 Yes SATA 1 5Gbps SATA II 3 0Gbps 2 Yes No Yes No Note There is no separate I2C connector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Reference on page 87 for details Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 23 About the Adaptec 1225SA Controller The Adaptec 1225SA is a low profile PCle to 2 external port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features External SATA connectors ain LED Connector EV amp CO a m O X1 connector Mounting bracket C F pm Form factor Low profile Bus compatibility PCle X1 Ports 2 external SATA ports You can also connect one SATA drive enclosure with a port multiplier For details about supported port multipliers refer to HostRAID Controller Features on page 15 Connector internal 0 Connector external 2 external SATA connectors RAID levels O 1 and 10 Simple Volume Y
34. apters then press Enter From the Additional Driver Options menu select Modify then press Enter Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 149 10 11 12 13 From the Driver Name menu press the Insert key Insert the driver disk press the Insert key then press F3 From the A prompt press Enter The driver installs From the Additional Driver Option menu select Return to driver summary then press Enter From the Driver type menu select Load on Additional Driver Options After the driver loads select Continue Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Managing Your Storage Space In this chapter About Auapiec Orne MANA REL erene kE AE eae E E I Pen thre HROONF Command Line UGI suiissanin nna eal Aout Me ARG Uliana aman ena 52 About the Adaptec Hash Ur onesie ERR 32 Wach Vilit Should TUe ransana E E R 52 Once you have installed your HostRAID controller disk drives or other devices and device driver you can begin to build and manage your storage space This chapter introduces the tools you can use to manage your storage space All the tools described in this chapter are included on the CDs included with your HostRAID controller Chapter 9 Managing Your Storage Space 151 About Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager is a full featured software application that helps you build a storage space for your data With Adaptec Storage Manager you
35. arrays Adaptec RAID controllers support a maximum number of 48 disk drives in a RAID 10 array Data in a RAID 10 array is both striped and mirrored Mirroring provides data protection and striping improves performance Appendix B Understanding RAID e 67 Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For instance an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create two mirrored drive segments of 250 GB for a total of 500 GB for the array as shown in the following figure Disk Drive 1 Drive Segment Size Smallest Disk Drive 250 GB Disk Drive 2 250 GB Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 3 Disk Drive 2 400 GB Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 Not Used Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 10 Logical Drive 500 GB Selecting the Best RAID Level Use this table to select the RAID levels that are most appropriate for the logical drives on your storage space based on the number of available disk drives and your requirements for performance and reliability Minimum Disk Drive Read Write Built in Disk Redundancy Usage Performance Performance HotSpare Drives RAID O No 100 www www No 2 RAID 1 Yes 50 ww ww No 2 RAID Yes 50 ww ww No 4 10 Disk drive usage read performance and write performance depend on the number of drives in the logical drive In general the more drives the better the performance I
36. avieneuapneatuartaedegaede 73 T mne a et ees ae aan se ae oe ee aes 73 Formatas and verine Dok Dry Se e e saeleubueateaiets 76 The Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility is an embedded BIOS based utility that you can use to create configure and manage arrays and format or verify disk drives Note Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in a computer BIOS use the ARC utility tools Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 69 Introduction to the ARC Utility The ARC utility comprises these tools e The Array Configuration Utility ACU Used to create configure and manage arrays and initialize and rescan disk drives e SerialSelect Utility for SAS HostRAID controllers or SATASelect Utility for SATA HostRAID controllers Used to change device and HostRAID controller settings e Disk Utilities Used to format or verify disk drives see page 76 Running the ARC Utility All the tools within the ARC utility are menu based and instructions for completing tasks display on screen Menus can be navigated using the arrows Enter Esc and other keys on your keyboard To run the Utility 1 Start or restart your computer When prompted press Ctrl A The ARC utility menu displays presenting these options e Array Configuration Utility ACU e SerialSelect or SATASelect Utility depending on whether you are using a SAS or a SATA HostRAID controller e Disk utilities To select an option from this m
37. ayed Default is Yes to enable Allow Read Ahead Enabled Enables or disables the read ahead cache Disabled algorithm on the drive Enabled provides maximum performance under most circumstances Default is Yes to enable Formatting and Verifying Disk Drives You can use the disk utilities to low level format or verify your disk drives New disk drives are low level formatted at the factory and do not need to be low level formatted again Caution Before you format a disk drive back up all data Formatting destroys all data ona disk drive Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e T T To use the disk utilities 1 Turn on your computer and press Ctrlt A when prompted to access the ARC utility 2 From the ARC utility menu select Disk Utilities 3 Select the desired disk then press Enter e Format Disk Simulates a low level format of the disk drive by writing zeros to the entire disk SATA drives are low level formatted at the factory and do not need to be low level formatted again Caution Formatting destroys all data on the disk Be sure to back up your data before performing this operation e Verify Disk Media Scans the media of a disk drive for defects Locating Disk Drives Note This feature is only available with disk drives that have an activity LED You can use the Identify Drive feature to physically locate a disk drive by blinking the LED To locate a disk drive Start the ARC utility see page 69 Select th
38. cally connect one or more phys on one SAS device to one or more phys on another SAS device What s a SAS Port Note Because the physical link between SAS devices is from phy to phy rather than port to port a port is more of a virtual concept different from what is normally considered a port on other types of RAID controllers and storage devices A port is one or more phys A narrow port contains one phy A wide port typically contains four phys Each port has its own unique SAS address see page 60 and all the phys in a port share that same SAS address Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 60 SAS controller port options vary A SAS controller with four phys could be configured with one wide port with two wide ports that comprise two phys or with four narrow ports each containing one phy A wide port with four phys is referred to as a 4 wide or 4x port What s a SAS Address Each SAS port is identified with a unique SAS address which is shared by all phys on that port For example a SAS disk drive might have two narrow ports Each port has one unique SAS address The single phy in each port uses its port s SAS address In another example a SAS device might have one 4 wide port That port has one SAS address which is shared by all four phys in the port Unlike SCSI devices and SCSI IDs SAS devices self configure their SAS addresses User intervention is not required to set SAS addresses and SAS addresses cannot b
39. can no longer be accessed optimal The state of an array when it is fully operational For redundant arrays the entire array is protected P partition A section of a disk storage device created by the operating system disk management program in which data and or software programs are stored Computers have a primary operating system partition that contains the special files needed to boot the computer Fach operating system partition is assigned a unique drive letter such as C or D A single disk device can have multiple partitions phantom object Object that represents a component that cannot be configured by the controller management software for example a missing drive quick init An array configured using the Quick Init option is available immediately with no on going background controller activity All data written to an array that has been quick configured is protected Glossary e 99 R RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks alternative definition Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAID O A single level array consisting of two or more equal sized segments residing on different disks RAID 0 distributes data evenly across its respective drives in equal sized sections called stripes RAID 0 arrays are not redundant RAID 1 Single level array consisting of two equal segments residing on two different drives Provides redundancy by storing identical copies on two drives See mirrored array mirroring RAID
40. characters for the array then press Enter For RAID 0 select the desired stripe size Available stripe sizes are 16 32 and 64 KB default Note It is recommended that you do not change the default The options under Create RAID Via allows you to select between the different creation methods for RAID 0 1 and 10 The following table gives examples of when each is appropriate RAID Create Level RAID Via When Appropriate RAID O Quick Init Creating a RAID O on new drives RAID O Migrate Creating a RAID O and you want to preserve data on an existing drive You will be asked to select the source drive The contents of the source drive are preserved and any data on the new drive is lost RAID 1 Build Creating a RAID 1 and you want to preserve data on an existing simple volume You will be asked to select the source drive The contents of the source drive are preserved and any data on the new drive is lost RAID 1 Clear Creating a RAID 1 or 10 on new drives or when you want to ensure 10 that the new array contains no existing data RAID 1 Quick Init Fastest way to create a RAID 1 or 10 Appropriate when using a new 10 drive e Before adding a new drive to an array back up any data contained on the new drive Otherwise all data will be lost e Only disk drives that were previously configured as simple volumes can be used for RAID 0 or 1 migration when the single source drive has data on it See Configuring Disk Drives on page
41. connecting disk drives from the HostRAID controller e Check that your HostRAID controller is installed in a compatible expansion slot To double check the bus compatibility of your controller see About Your HostRAID Controller on page 14 e Ensure that your HostRAID controller is firmly seated and secured in the PCI PCI X or PCIe expansion slot e If your HostRAID controller is not detected during system boot try installing it in a different expansion slot See Installing the HostRAID Controller on page 27 for instructions e Did the driver install correctly If you are still unable to resolve a problem you can find additional troubleshooting information and direction on the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com and the Adaptec Support Knowledgebase at ask ad aptec com Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure This section explains how to recover when a disk drive fails e Ifthe array was protected by a hot spare see next section e Ifthe array was not protected by a hot spare see Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare on page 54 e Ifthere is a disk drive failure in more than one array simultaneously see Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously on page 55 Ifitisa RAID 0 array see Disk Drive Failure in a RAID 0 Array on page 55 e If multiple disk drives fail within the same array see Multiple Failures in the Same Array on page 55 Note Adaptec Storage Manager uses the term logical drives when referring to arrays
42. ct as the boot device BBS Support Device When BBS support is set to Device base the Controller system s BIOS will list each connected bootable device to the HostRAID controller as an individual entry When BBS support is set to Controller base the system s BIOS will only list the HostRAID controller in the system boot order This is useful in a multi HostRAID controller configuration Physical Drives Display Enabled When Enabled connected physical devices are during Post Disabled displayed during system POST Displaying the devices adds a few seconds to the overall POST time SATA Configuration Write Cache Enabled Enables or disables write cache on the on legacy Disabled and non configured drives Write cache enabled provides maximum performance Default is Yes to enable DMA 1420SA only Enabled Enables or disables the use of Direct Memory Disabled Access DMA mode for the drive Enabled provides maximum performance Default is Yes to enable Device Security Lock Enabled Enables or disables the device security lock 1430SA amp 1220SA Disabled option When enabling this option a Security Only Freeze Lock command is issued to the device SMART Enabled Enables or disables the predictive failure feature Disabled of the disk drive When enabled the SMART status of the drive Healthy or Failed will be displayed along with the physical drive display during POST If the drive does not support SMART the SMART status is not displ
43. d copy each additional firmware image to its own floppy disk Chapter 10 Solving Problems 156 10 11 Power off your computer disconnect the power cord then open the cabinet following the manufacturer s instructions Disconnect all cables from the controller then attach a shorting jumper to the Mode 0 flash connector Reconnect the power cord power on your computer then boot to the floppy disk containing the AFU exe file see Step 3 At the prompt type a afu update c x where x is the controller number Insert the other floppy disks when prompted When the flash is complete power off your computer disconnect the power cord then remove the jumper Close the computer cabinet reconnect the power cord then power on your computer The controller should boot correctly Understanding RAID In this chapter BRAID Tochuologr OVEN eons NN 65 RAID UN RAID ANOT eeno S 65 RAID T ATTAYS asc caciaaneenaiianeuuniaeennei dee ee ees 66 RAID 10 Arrays siscssccsuneniabisdneediseweenicnei due eeu ennai 66 When you create arrays or logical drives you can assign a RAID level to protect your data Each RAID level offers a unique combination of performance and redundancy RAID levels also vary by the number of disk drives they support This appendix describes the RAID levels supported by your HostRAID controller and provides a basic overview of each to help you select the best level of protection for your data
44. e controller you want then press Enter Select Disk Utilities Select the disk drive you want then press Enter Select Identify Drive then press Enter O oOo F U N B When you have finished locating your disk drive press any key to stop the blinking Identifying Disk Drives You can identify disk drives by viewing the list of disk drives on your system Only physical drives that display during POST are shown To identify a disk drive 1 Start the ARC utility see page 69 2 Select the controller you want then press Enter 3 Select Disk Utilities The Disk Utilities view will provide you with the following information Location Model Rev Speed Size CN1 DEV1 The manufacturer The revision The speed of the The size of the Box0O SlotO information number of the disk drive disk drive Exp0 phyO disk drive The location information of a disk drive is determined by three types of connections Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 8 e Direct attached drives The connection is determined by the cable connected to a device for example CN1 connector 1 is connected to DEV1 device 1 For more information see Direct Attach Connections on page 61 e Storage Enclosure Processor SEP managed devices The connection is determined by an active backplane BoxO enclosure O is connected to slotO disk drive slot O in the enclosure For more information see Backplane Connections on page 61 e Expanders The connectio
45. e failures than hot spares see Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare in previous section Disk Drive Failure in a RAID O Array Because RAID 0 volumes do not include redundancy if a disk drive fails in a RAID 0 array the data can t be recovered Correct the cause of the failure or replace the failed disk drives Then restore your data if available Multiple Failures in the Same Array If more than one disk drive fails at the same time in the same RAID 1 array the data can t be recovered Correct the cause of the failure or replace the failed disk drives Then restore your data if available In some instances RAID 10 arrays may survive multiple disk drive failures depending on which disk drives fail For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide or online Help Resetting the Controller This section explains how to reset or flash your Adaptec HostRAID controller You may want to do this if the controller becomes inoperable or if a firmware upgrade is unsuccessful To reset your Adaptec HostRAID controller 1 Download the firmware version currently installed on your controller from www adaptec com 2 Extract the downloaded files to a folder on your local hard drive for example C Download Drivers 3 Create a bootable MS DOS floppy disk and copy the AFU exe file to it Copy the first firmware image to the same floppy disk 4 Create additional bootable MS DOS floppy disks an
46. e information Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 131 You have these connection options Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller see below Connecting to a Backplane on page 31 Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller In a direct attach connection SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS HostRAID controller with SAS cables The number of direct attached disk drives is limited to four per internal SAS connector For more information see Direct Attach Connections on page 6l 1 Install your internal SAS or SATA disk drives following the instructions in your system s documentation 2 Use internal SAS cables to connect the disk drives to the SAS HostRAID controller SATA disk drives attached to controller with fan out cable External SAS cable 3 When you have installed all disk drives and connected the to SAS HostRAID controller close your computer cabinet and reconnect the power cord Connecting to a Backplane In a backplane connection disk drives and SAS HostRAID controllers are connected to and communicate with each other through a backplane The number of disk drives is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane Some backplanes have embedded SAS expanders and can support up to 128 end devices For more information about expander connections see page 32 1 Connect one or more internal SAS or SATA disk drives to the backplane Re
47. e modified What s a SAS Connector A SAS or mini SAS connector is the physical plug or receptacle that you see on a SAS device It supports the power and signal line cable It s what you plug a SAS cable into or the end of the SAS cable that s being plugged in A connector is what forms physical links between phys Some SAS connectors can support multiple links The number of links a SAS connector can support is referred to as its width Narrow connectors support a single link wide connectors support up to four links A single SAS device may have one or more connectors You can use a single SAS connector to inter link more than two SAS devices For example in the figure on page 59 the 4 wide internal SAS connector forms links with four independent disk drives Mini SAS connectors support both internal and external SAS connections The mini SAS connectors are smaller than the standard SAS internal and external connectors Mini SAS connectors support single and multilinks with the ability to scale to future speed needs What do SAS Cables Look Like Internal SAS cables are narrower than internal parallel SCSI cables The connectors vary in size depending on the number of links they support from single link connectors to 4 wide or larger connectors Internal fan out cables let you connect four disk drives to a single 4 wide connector For an example of some internal SAS or mini SAS cables and an external SAS cable see Selecting
48. endix B Understanding RAID e 66 Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For instance an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create a RAID 0 drive segment of 250 GB for a total of 1000 GB for the volume as shown in the following figure Disk Drive 1 Drive Segment Size Smallest Disk Drive 250 GB Disk Drive 2 250 GB Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB 4 1000 Be Sas Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 0 Logical Drive 1000 GB Disk Drive 4 Disk Drive 4 400 GB Unused Space 150 GB AC DEEL RAID 1 Arrays A RAID 1 array is built from two disk drives where one disk drive is a mirror of the other the same data is stored on each disk drive Compared to independent disk drives RAID 1 arrays provide improved performance with twice the read rate and an equal write rate of single disks However capacity is only 50 percent of independent disk drives Ifthe RAID 1 array is built from different sized disk drives the free space drive segment size is the size of the smaller disk drive as shown in the following figure Drive Segment Size Smaller Disk Drive Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 2 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Unused Space 150 GB a iL Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 1 Logical Drive 250 GB RAID 10 Arrays A RAID 10 array is built from two or more equal sized RAID 1
49. enu or from any of the menus within the ARC utility setup browse with the arrow keys then press Enter In some cases selecting an options displays another menu To return to the previous menu at any time press Esc Creating and Managing Arrays Before creating arrays make sure the disks for the array are properly connected and installed in your system Note that disks with no usable space are shown in gray and cannot be used Creating a New Array To create an array 1 Select Create Array from the main ACU menu Note For more information about RAID levels and using disk drives to create arrays see Understanding RAID on page 64 2 Select the disks for the new array then press Insert To deselect any disk highlight the disk then press Delete 3 Press Enter when all disks for the new array are selected The Array Properties menu displays Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e O Assigning Array Properties Once the array is created and its properties are assigned you cannot change the array properties using the ACU Instead use Adaptec Storage Manager See About Adaptec Storage Manager on page 51 for details To assign properties to the new array 1 In the Array Properties menu select an array type then press Enter Only the available array types RAID 0 1 and 10 are displayed RAID 0 and 1 requires two to four drives RAID 10 requires a minimum of four disk drives Optional Type a label of no more than 15
50. er console is displayed so you can see the cause of the failure To modify disk partitions apply hot fixes or perform volume maintenance refer to your NetWare documentation Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System In this chapter Detore NOU Be Git gous cotanssyarisnesabvasadssteadedieutscedssosivadies yaestadsshesead seecenssyastendobecatbenaceaemee aes resins Die Disk of a0 Ais icc Instalinc on Windows XP or Windows 2003 went suet cine ccractuctysicsaetentsoutedintausuedeatees Vegeta iss i Windows V Blinc aa enaa mstalhns on Red Hator SUSE DITUN EE E i E We O E E E E A A E O O This chapter explains how to install your HostRAID controller driver on an existing operating system Note To install the driver and an operating system on the bootable array see page 42 Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 47 Before You Begin Before you begin install and connect your HostRAID controller and internal disk drives see page 26 You must also create a driver disk see next section before you begin installing the controller driver Note For up to date operating system version support visit the Adaptec Web Site at www adaptec com Creating a Driver Disk or an Array Before you install your driver you will need to create a driver disk You will need a floppy disk to complete this task To create a driver
51. er this documentation Contents About This Guide What You Need to Know Before You Begin cssssssssessssssssessasssssescarssssvsnsnse L2 Terminology UGS imihis I isiascartninipcaaanninizinisininasisstinaraiatiaaiaininsaaaninin Le Conventions Used in This Guide eee acne eel naene meses tenenneTyeoneennennOanem L2 How to Find More Information ie About Your HostRAID Controller HostRAID Controller Features Array Level Features iia AO About the Adaptec 58300 Contolera AEE A E About the Adaptec 48300 P E a ctctascettncediaatesie ie About the Adaptec 44300 Controller eee saki About the Adaptec 1430SA Coeli PRENNE AN About the Adaptec 14205A Controllet oscnnsnninisisissiisiisiiiiisnss About the Adaptec 1220SA Controller ssssssssssssrrissssssrsierissssssssei About the Adaptec 1225SA Controller cssssssssecssssseeseseeeees eecccce Kit Contents and System Requirements Ee Oe E R RAAR RARER 25 ee ci ii ais a an o AAAA Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives hae Bs epee nenene rer rrr erere oppor nip tren rer ernrenrerrrrrirrererreeerrerrrrnerrre 4 talling the Sle one ce SOLE Ci LS E E E T A A E E A E 8 Contents e 7 Selecting SATA Cables stand AEE E revere Connecting Disk Drives to o SAS HostRAID Gon TONG A L Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller E Connecting to a Backplane 7 i innan Installing the SAS HostRAID Cai T toa a SAS Expander
52. er to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Direct Access Storage also included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD About the HRCONF Command Line Utility HRCONF HostRAID Configuration Utility is a command line utility that you can use to perform some basic array and configuration management functions With HRCONE you can e Create and delete logical drives e Modify and copy configuration settings e Recover from disk drive failures and troubleshoot Note Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with command line interfaces use HRCONF Chapter 9 Managing Your Storage Space 152 About the ARC Utility The Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility is a BIOS based utility that you can use to create and manage controllers disk drives and other devices and arrays The ARC utility comprises these tools e Array Configuration Utility ACU For creating and managing arrays and initializing and rescanning disk drives e SerialSelect Utility Used to change device and HostRAID controller settings e Disk Utilities For formatting or verifying disk drives The ARC utility is included in your controller s BIOS For more information see Using the ARC Utility on page 68 The ARC utility is primarily intended for pre operating system installation configuration About the Adaptec Flash Utility The Adaptec Flash Utility AFU is a text based DOS utility that you can use to update save or
53. erence e 91 J7 Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED_SUM Aggregate Cathode 2 3 3V Aggregate Anode J4 12C Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 TWSISDA 12C Data 2 GND Ground 3 TWSISCK 12C Clock Adaptec 1220SA Activity LED Connector Specification 2232100 R AAR 1220SA RoHS Kit 2232100JA R AAR 1220SA RoHS Kit J4 Activity LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 ACT_LED1 PORT 1 Cathode 2 3 3V PORT 1 Anode 3 ACT_LEDO PORT O Cathode 4 3 3V PORT O Anode Note Board circuitry supports common anode backplane implementations Adaptec 1225SA Activity LED Specification 2257700 R AAR 1225SA RoHS Kit 2257700JA R AAR 1225SA RoHS Kit 2257800 R AAR 1225SA RoHS Single J1 Activity LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 ACT_LED1 PORT 1 Cathode 2 3 3V PORT 1 Anode 3 ACT_LEDO PORT O Cathode 4 3 3V PORT O Anode Note Board circuitry supports common anode backplane implementations Safety Information To ensure your personal safety and the safety of your equipment e Keep your work area and the computer clean and clear of debris e Before opening the system cabinet unplug the power cord Electrostatic Discharge ESD A Caution ESD can damage electronic components when they are improperly handled and can result in total or intermittent failures Always follow ESD prevention procedures when removing and replacing components
54. erialSelect option and the description of each option The default settings are appropriate for most systems and appear in bold type in the table Adaptec recommends that you do not change the settings SerialSelect Options Available Settings Description Controller Configuration Runtime BIOS Enabled Controls the state of the BIOS at POST time When Disabled Enabled the HostRAID controller BIOS allows Disabled Scan bus the controller to act as a bootable device Disabling the BIOS allows another suitable HostRAID controller to act as the boot device BBS Support Device When BBS support is set to Device base the Controller system s BIOS will list each connected bootable device to the HostRAID controller as an individual entry When BBS support is set to Controller base the system s BIOS will only list the HostRAID controller in the system boot order This is useful in a multi HostRAID controller configuration RAID Support Enabled When there are active arrays in the system will Disabled not allow you to Disable RAID support POST Banner Display Enabled When Enabled the Adaptec banner version and Disabled copyright is displayed When Disabled the Adaptec banner version and copyright is not displayed CTRL A Message Enabled When set to Enabled the SAS HostRAID Disabled controller BIOS displays the Press lt Ctrl gt lt A gt for ARC Utility message on your screen during system bootup If this setting is disabled you can still
55. es Disk drives SATA II 3 0Gbps NCQ enabled drives or eSATA drives Maximum number of disk drives 2 Hot spares Yes Enclosure support Yes for port multiplier enclosures Native Command Queuing NCQ Yes Audible alarm No Note Adaptec 1225SA controller does not support bootable devices Note There is no separate I2C connector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Reference on page 87 for details Kit Contents and System Requirements In this chapter Bi CONCI rr a ann Hunnnond 25 Sosten IRGC UAT ET EIU S ainn ae a a EN 29 This chapter lists the contents of your HostRAID controller kit and the system requirements that must be met for you to successfully install and use your HostRAID controller Chapter 3 Kit Contents and System Requirements 125 Kit Contents Adaptec SAS or SATA HostRAID controllers These utilities are embedded in the controller s BIOS e Array Configuration Utility ACU Used to create configure and manage arrays e SerialSelect or SATASelect Used to modify your controller and disk drive settings e Disk Utilities Used to format and verify disk drives HostRAID installation CD bootable including controller drivers and this Guide Adaptec Storage Manager installation CD not bootable including Adaptec Storage Manager and the Adaptec HRCONF HostRAID Configuration command line utility Readme files Cables type and quantity vary depending on your HostRAID controlle
56. evice the entire disk is an available segment Stripe Unit Size With RAID technology data is striped across an array of physical drives This data distribution scheme complements the way the operating system requests data The granularity at which data is stored on one drive of the array before subsequent data is stored on the next drive of the array is called the stripe unit size You can set the stripe unit size to 16 32 or 64 KB You can maximize the performance of your HostRAID controller by setting the stripe unit size to a value that is close to the size of the system I O requests For example performance in transaction based environments which typically involve large blocks of data might be optimal when the stripe unit size is set to 32 or 64 KB However performance in file and print environments which typically involve multiple small blocks of data might be optimal when the stripe unit size is set to 16 KB The collection of stripe units from the first drive of the array to the last drive of the array is called a stripe RAID O Non RAID Arrays An array with RAID 0 includes two or more disk drives maximum twelve and provides data striping where data is distributed evenly across the disk drives in equal sized sections RAID 0 arrays do not maintain redundant data so they offer no data protection However compared to an equal sized group of independent disks a RAID 0 array provides improved I O performance App
57. fer to your system s documentation for more information 2 Usean internal SAS cable to connect the SAS HostRAID controller to the backplane Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 32 3 Controller connected to backplane with fan out cable When all internal disk drives have been installed and connected close your computer cabinet reconnect the power cord Installing the SAS HostRAID Controller to a SAS Expander You can use a SAS expander to connect multiple disk drives to your SAS HostRAID controller or to multiple SAS HostRAID controllers Commands can be sent down one link and data returned on another in a separate connection to increase fault tolerance Using a SAS expander and dual port SAS drives and SATA drives with 2 port adapters you can design redundant systems for maximum fault tolerance To install the HostRAID controller to a SAS expander 1 2 Using the appropriate cable connect the SAS HostRAID controller to the expander s PHY connector Connect a cable from the expander s PHY connector to a disk drive Connecting Disk Drives to SATA HostRAID Controllers 1 Install your SATA disk drives following the instructions in your system s documentation There are no jumpers or switches to set on the SATA controller or disk drives Connect each disk drive to a SATA port on the controller using a recommended SATA cable For cable information see page 30 When all di
58. ge 26 2 Set the boot controller see page 38 3 Make the array bootable see page 41 4 Install your operating system and the driver see page 42 5 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage see page 50 Installing with an Operating System On a Bootable Disk Drive Array When you install your HostRAID controller you can create a bootable disk drive or an array and then install both operating system and controller driver on that disk drive or array Alternatively you can perform the standard installation and install the controller driver on an existing operating system Chapter 5 Getting Started 137 2 3 Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives see page 26 If your controller has an external connector you can also connect external disk drives if required Install the controller driver see page 47 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage see page 50 Installing on an Existing Operating System 1 Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives see page 26 If your controller has an external connector you can connect external disk drives as well or instead Install the controller driver see page 47 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage see page 50 Creating a Bootable Array In this chapter reann Ean ATA nsan KOMEN EE OMEN 39 Creabhnp an Arros WaT Te ACU c
59. h components on a HostRAID controller to the corresponding image in a UFI file and indicates whether they match Use this command to determine whether a HostRAID controller s flash components are up to date when compared to a specific UFI file Command Syntax The command syntax for the VERIFY command is as follows AFU VERIFY C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt Command Switches For details on the C and D switches see SAVE on page 83 Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 85 Example The following example shows a typical system response after a VERIFY command has been performed A gt AFU VERIFY C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V1 0 0 B1406 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Reading flash image file Build 1406 Controller 0 Adaptec ASC 48300 File Checksum 642C VALID Build 1406 File Checksum 642C VALID Build 1406 Verified Successfully VERSION The VERSION command displays version information about the flash components on a HostRAID controller Command Syntax The command syntax for the VERSION command is as follows AFU VERSION C lt Controller ID gt Command Switches For details on the C switch see SAVE on page 83 Example The following example displays version information about all supported HostRAID controllers A gt AFU VERSION C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V1 0 0 B1406 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Version Infor
60. ification 2240900 R AAR 1430SA RoHS Kit 2240900JA R AAR 1430SA RoHS Kit 2241000 R AAR 1430SA ROHS Single J1 LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED_OUTO PORT O Cathode 2 LED OUT 1 PORT 1 Cathode 3 LED OUT 2 PORT 2 Cathode 4 LED OUT 3 PORT 3 Cathode Note Board circuitry supports common anode backplane implementations Appendix E HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference e 90 J2 I2C Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 TWSISDA 12C Data 2 GND Ground 3 TWSISCK 12C Clock J3 Aggregate LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED_SUM Aggregate Cathode 2 3 3V Aggregate Anode J4 Activity LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 22 55 2081 1 ACT_LED3 PORT 3 Cathode 2 3 3V PORT 3 Anode 1 3 ACT_LED2 PORT 2 Cathode 4 4 3 3V PORT 2 Anode 3 5 ACT_LED1 PORT 1 Cathode 6 6 3 3V PORT 1 Anode 5 7 ACT_LEDO PORT O Cathode 8 8 3 3V PORT O Anode 7 Adaptec 1420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification 2170200EU R AAR 1420SA EFIGS ROHS KIT 2170200JA R AAR 1420SA JA RoHS KIT 2170200 R AAR 1420SA RoHS KIT 2170500 R AAR 1420SA RoHS Single J2 LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED OUTO PORT O Cathode 2 LED OUT 1 PORT 1 Cathode 3 LED OUT 2 PORT 2 Cathode 4 LED OUT 3 PORT 3 Cathode Note Board circuitry supports common anode backplane implementations Appendix E HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Ref
61. ing the ARC Utility e 73 Managing Bootable Arrays and Devices Select the Manager Boot Unit option to add or remove a bootable array or single drive 1 From the ACU menu select Manage Boot Unit 2 Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight the array or single drive you want to designate as a bootable device then select Insert gt Enter Note Adaptec 1225SA controller does not support bootable devices Configuring Disk Drives A Caution e Ifthe drive is used in an array you may not be able to use the array again Do not configure a drive that is part of a boot array To determine which drives are associated with a particular array see Viewing Array Properties on page 71 e The partition table on the disk will be deleted when deleting a simple volume To configure drives Note Configuring disk drives makes a simple volume A simple volume can be managed like normal arrays by using the Manage Arrays option on your Main menu 1 From the menu select Configure Drives 2 Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight the disk you wish to configure then press Insert 3 Repeat the previous step if you want to add another drive to be configured 4 Press Enter 5 Read the warning message and ensure that you have selected the correct disk drives to configure Type Y to continue ATAPI Support The following devices are supported e The 1225SA and 1220SA supports detection of SATA ATAPI TAPE Drive and CDROM e The 1225SA and 12
62. lers simultaneously AFU UPDATE C all Note The UFI file identifies the RAID controllers so you don t have to worry about flashing the wrong controller When prompted insert the first firmware disk into your floppy disk drive The AFU reads the first disk When prompted remove the first firmware disk and insert the second firmware disk into your floppy disk drive Repeat Step 7 until the flash update is complete HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference In this appendix Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification ecsssecssseceeeseceeeeeeseeeeaseeeeeseees Adaptec 48300 Activity LED Connector SpecilicatiOM sessies Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification eecssessseceeesecesseeeseeeeseeeeeeseeees Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification Adaptec 1420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification Adaptec 12205A Activity LED Connector Specification scisscscoscessscccsiscecatsssesssesmecescataecsios Adaptec 122558 Activity LED Specilicatiot onenarena ara eR ERENS This chapter provides a activity LED and I2C connector reference for HostRAID controllers Appendix E HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference e 88 Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification 2220600 R ASC 58300 RoHS Kit J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 BUSYLED Aggregate Cathode 2 3 3V Aggregate Anode Note Aggregate
63. mation for Controller 0 Adaptec ASC 48300 ROM Build 1406 VALID Updating Flash Using AFU Command Line This section provides step by step instructions for updating the flash 1 Create the firmware kit on floppy disks see page 81 2 Power off your computer insert the first AFU floppy disk then power on your computer If your computer isn t set up to boot from the bootable floppy disk enter the system setup utility to change the setting 3 At the DOS command if you have multiple controllers and you don t know the number of the controller you want to update type AFU LIST then press Enter Otherwise skip to the next step 4 Atthe DOS command type AFU followed by a command see page 82 and any switches you want Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 86 Update the flash using the instructions suitable for your requirements To update a single HostRAID controller AFU UPDATE C lt cont_number gt Where lt cont_number gt is the number of the RAID controller whose firmware you are updating For example to upgrade Controller 0 type AFU UPDATE C 0 To update multiple HostRAID controllers AFU UPDATE C lt cont_number_a gt lt cont_number_b gt Where lt controller_number_a gt and lt controller_number_b gt are the numbers of the Adaptec RAID controllers whose firmware you are updating For example to upgrade controllers 0 2 and 3 type AFU UPDATE C 0 2 3 To update all HostRAID control
64. mon Connecting Disk Drives to SATA HostRAID Controllers nme Checking Your Controller and Devices Minna Oo n the Boot Controller E aaa 33 34 Getting Started Chogsing a RAID Level Ree nen ee ne meen ee er me ee eenereT 36 Choosing Installation Options Sa ee eee eee eee nnn Basic Installation Steps m Installing with an Opawie Pe Installing with an Operating System On a Bootable Disk Dri Installing on an Existing Operating System siisssssscssssssvevesosesvenvavens 37 Creating a Bootable Array Creating an ATTay surse POE E rrr tr Creating an disse wii the ACU P R T Creating an Array with Adaptec pace TOE e PE re Making Yonr Array Bootable iisicnduniondnnmananninominnadniniaamw EL Kalite You a E Creating a Driver Disk E E iaai cr wii pipan Tranan PA EET P 43 Installing with NetWare E E A E Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System Before You B ee E Fs Creating a Driver Disk or an Arr P R Installing on Windows XP or Windows 2003 PAE I EI EA AE T i Installing on Windows Vis Installing on Red Hat or SUSE Linux Tastalling on Oe cseccsencserirerensrccliomnctenenensirenns Contents e 8 10 Managing Your Storage Space About Adaptec Storaro BU AABED secsnincterrnsicerienierninetiatammnansianinamuenninsiateiaieD Installing Adaptec Storage Manager we About the HRCONE Command Line Utility cicctcsitnctetiateiiniciins Ol About te ARG UUN cronin r
65. n then press Enter The Main Menu opens 4 Click Launch Configuration Utility Adaptec Storage Manager opens 5 Click Create The Configuration wizard opens 6 Select Express configuration then click Next 7 Review the information that is displayed Note Adaptec Storage Manager uses the term logical drives when referring to arrays In this example Adaptec Storage Manager has used two equal sized disk drives to automatically create one logical drive with RAID 1 To specify a size for the logical drives or to make other changes to the configuration click Modify logical devices 8 Click Apply then click Yes when prompted to confirm applying your new configuration Adaptec Storage Manager builds the logical drive s The configuration is saved on the Adaptec controller as an array and on the physical disk drives 9 Partition and format your logical drive The logical drive you created appears as a physical disk drive on your operating system You must partition and format these logical drives before you can use them to store data 10 Close all windows then click Reboot to restart your system 11 Remove the HostRAID Installation CD For information on installing and using Adaptec Storage Manager as a full software application refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide provided on the Adaptec Storage Manager CD 12 Continue with Making Your Array Bootable next section Making Your Array Bootable U
66. n screen instructions to complete the installation Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Installing with Red Hat Linux You will need your Red Hat Installation CD to complete this task To install the HostRAID controller driver while installing Red Hat Linux N O Oh FB W N B 8 Insert the first Red Hat Installation CD Restart your computer When the Red Hat Welcome screen displays type linux dd at the Boot prompt When prompted insert the driver disk then select OK Follow the prompts to set up the environment you want If you are installing other third party devices install them now Otherwise select Done Complete the Red Hat Linux installation following the instructions included with your operating system Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Installing with SUSE Linux To install the HostRAID controller driver while installing SuSE Linux 1 2 N O On A Insert the first SUSE Installation CD Restart your computer When the SUSE SLES 9 and 10 installation selection screen displays press the F6 key select installation option from the Menu then press Enter When prompted insert the driver disk then press any key to continue Follow the prompts to set up the environment you want If you are installing other third party devices install them now Otherwise select Back Complete the SUSE Linux installation following the instructions included with your operating system
67. name of the UFI file is based on the HostRAID controller type and cannot be changed Command Syntax The command syntax for the save command is as follows AFU SAVE C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt Command Switches The following switches are available e C lt Controller ID gt is one or more HostRAID controller IDs representing the set of controllers on which to perform the specified command The default is 0 which means that if the computer has multiple HostRAID controllers the AFU defaults to controller 0 unless you specify otherwise To specify a single HostRAID controller ID for example c 0 To specify multiple IDs separated by commas for example c 0 2 To represent all HostRAID controllers ALL Note If you are using multiple HostRAID controllers you must specify the controller you want by using the C switch otherwise the AFU displays an error message and exits You cannot select ALL HostRAID controllers when specifying SAVE e D lt UFI File Path gt specifies the path drive and directory where the UFI files are located If you do not specify the D switch the AFU looks for or creates UFI files in the default location Note You cannot specify the name of a UFI file only its path UFI filenames are predefined based on the HostRAID controller type Examples In the following example the AFU saves flash contents from HostRAID controller 0 to a UFI file in the current default drive and director
68. nd Line At the DOS command prompt typically A gt type aru followed by a command and any switches The AFU processes the command prompts you to insert additional floppy disks as needed exits and reports success or an error message code The available commands are summarized in in alphabetical order AFU Commands You can manage your HostRAID controller s BIOS firmware using these commands e HELP next section e LIST on page 83 e SAVE on page 83 e UPDATE on page 84 e VERIFY on page 84 e VERSION on page 85 HELP The HELP command displays a summary of AFU functions and command switches Examples The following are examples of command syntax that will work to get help A gt AFU HELP A gt AFU Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 83 LIST The LIST command displays the AFU supported HostRAID controllers installed on your computer Use this command to see which HostRAID controllers are installed or to identify the ID numbers assigned to each physical controller You do not have to restart the computer after completing this command Example This example shows a typical system response to a LIST command A gt AFU LIST Adaptec Flash Utility V1 0 0 B1406 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Controllers Detected and Recognized Controller 0 03 01 00 Adaptec ASC 48300 SAVE The SAVE command saves the contents of a HostRAID controller s flash in a UFI file The
69. necting disk drives 30 SAS devices 58 SATA controllers connecting disk drives 32 SATASelect using settings 75 SCSI comparison to SAS 62 Serial ATA See SATA Serial Attached SCSI See SAS SerialSelect using settings 74 storage management ACU 69 AFU 80 SATASelect 75 SerialSelect 73 storage space 12 stripe definition 65 stripe unit size definition 65 performance tuning 65 SuSE driver installation 48 T technical support 3 Technical Support Identification TSID number 3 terminology 12 Adaptec Storage Manager 12 SAS 58 throughput 65 tools ACU 69 AFU 80 SATASelect 75 SerialSelect utilities SerialSelect 73 TSID Number See Technical Support Identification Number U utilities AFU 80 Index e 96 SATASelect 75 W Windows driver installation 47 adaptec Adaptec Inc 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas CA 95035 USA 2007 Adaptec Inc All rights reserved Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec Inc which may be registered in some jurisdictions Part Number CDP 00222 03 A Rev A GS 11 07
70. ng atid Managing ANTI S assanis G a E E A EE EEE E E Managing Arrays A ee ee enor n rrr mir rrr ira d Adding Deleting H Hot re IEEE TET Managing Bootable Arrays per Pieces are Ten areneraee ineesraT E Configuring Disk Oe eer et cies nee PHONE sikaiana anoano mean mamas E Using SATASelect SATASelect Opt ions a Formatting and Verifying Disk Diii LOCH DRED tease EEE O identne Dik DE anunininnnnncnnnnnnnnnmniinnnaiin n Viewing the Event 18s ss incisnndunuinnnuinaununmeisaanuinnnnian A Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS rodu cossspsrororsrsrsuopnionmnnnnnnn nnn ana EN System Requirements Compatibility Information Before You Begin pios Obtaining the a re nannaa Creating the Firmware Kit On oe Disks 5 Running the AFU r E E Running the van eau AFU AEE E E ER Running the AFU from the Cine Line P E Oe APT OA E anaran aaa aa a Updating Flash Vlag AFU Comin irs iia ee Contents e 10 HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification cceseseeseeeeeeeeeees 88 Adaptec 48300 Activity LED Connector Specification 0 0 0 scenes 88 Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification ccseseseesesseseeeees 89 Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification 89 Adaptec 1420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification 90 Adaptec 1220SA Activity LED Connecto
71. ns is determinded by an expander ExpO expander 0 is connected to phyO phy O within a connector For more information see SAS Expander Connections on page 61 Note Devices other than disk drives CDROM tape drives etc are listed in order after your system disk drives Viewing the Event Log The BIOS based event log records all firmware events such as configuration changes array creation and boot activity Some events are not stored indefinitely the event log is cleared of any non persistent events each time you restart your computer additionally once the log is full new events overwrite old events To view the event log 1 Start the utility see page 69 2 Select the controller you want then press Enter 3 When the utility menu appears then press Ctrl P 4 Select Controller Log Information then press Enter Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS In this Appendix TU Hios E een niente BORGIR CMT CTP HS sersan rE E E Pompe wher Niet caine Perre AO 2 A a ee ee eee eee Roomimr ie AP esas once cc aeaa APU COMMA dgs aa aE N Updating Fash Using APU Command Line essaia This Appendix describes how to use the Adaptec Flash Utility AFU a text based DOS utility that you can use to update save or verify the HostRAID controller s firmware BIOS A Caution Although the AFU contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging your HostRAID controller s flash contents it is still importan
72. nsistent blocks are fixed D dead partition See failed degraded A redundant for example a RAID 1 array in which one or more members have failed The data is intact but redundancy has been compromised Any further failure would cause the array to fail and result in data loss disk Physical disk drive Randomly accessible rewriteable data storage device Also called hard disk Glossary e 97 disk ID Unique disk identifier that consists of the channel number SATA ID For example channel ID LUN 1 04 0 See channel drive LED Disk indicator LED that illuminates during read or write operations E event Notification or alert from the system indicating that a change has occurred event log File used to maintain information about prior controller activities or errors event notification Process for transmitting events F failed State of a nonredundant array that has suffered a single drive failure or a redundant array that has suffered multiple drive failures A failed array is inaccessible and data is lost fault tolerant array Refers to an array that can continue to function after a disk drive failure without loss of data Fault tolerant or redundant arrays include RAID 1 arrays See redundant foreign disk Disk that has previously been configured on another Adaptec RAID controller The RAID signature on the disk allows the RAID controller to identify whether or not the disk was configured on the cont
73. ntroduction to SAS In this chapter Teeminolosy Used m Ths AI insect ea rernricaresmencromemensivensontscinemnermisuedscispeasaausnadebinapeteed 58 MOAN Ta ais wears ote ren deca E E E ds ama ad E E AS 58 How Do SAS Devices Comimn sconsa nee anne ne 59 E A S E E E E A O E E E E 59 Mis ASAN POr er e apace aceboaeee e 59 ANE A A E ET eer ree re cren rer reaeee ereerres 60 Misa DAS CONDO 1 epee ee eee nee eee ee 60 Wit SAS Cables Look Like siinide aeaea aa E a aE EARE 60 Howare Disk Drives Identihed im SAS urene R 60 What are the SAS Connection Options scccaicanssivcsnsseavsasicanvrsdesanvssntetaresavseaverateanmeareasedatess 61 How i SAS Ditterent irom Parallel SCS i inssin onae rini 62 This section provides a basic overview of the main features of SAS introduces some common SAS terms and explains how SAS differs from parallel SCSI Note For technical articles and tutorials about SAS refer to the SCSI Trade Association STA Web site at www scsita org Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 58 Terminology Used in This Appendix For convenience SAS HostRAID controllers are referred to generically in this appendix as SAS controllers HBAs disk drives and external disk drive enclosures are referred to as end devices and expanders are referred to as expander devices For convenience this chapter refers to end devices and expander devices collectively as SAS devices What is SAS Legacy parallel SCSI is an interface that le
74. onii 39 Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager ecnononcinnaneainsnonnniiaranai 39 Making Your Array BOGE inane een 41 This chapter explains how to set your HostRAID controller to be the boot controller and how to create a bootable array Note If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system proceed to Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 46 Note Adaptec 1225SA controller does not support bootable devices Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array 139 Creating an Array You can create a RAID 0 1 or 10 array using one of these tools e Array Configuration Utility ACU BIOS based menus and keyboard navigation see Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e Adaptec Storage Manager Graphical software application running from a bootable CD that you can navigate using your mouse see About Adaptec Storage Manager on page 51 e HRCONF Command line utility refer to the Command Line Interface User s Guide for Direct Attached Storage You can use either tool but the ACU is quicker and easier Note Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array Adaptec Storage Manager generates a warning if you try to create a logical drive using a combination of SAS and SATA disk drives Creating an Array with the ACU The ACU is menu based and instructions for completing tasks display on screen Menus can be navigated using the arrows Enter
75. or your RAID array ensure that all the disk drives have the same performance level You can use different sized disk drives in the array but the array will be limited to the capacity of the smallest and slowest disk drive For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide or Adaptec Storage Manager online Help Adaptec SAS HostRAID controller supports both SAS and Serial ATA SATA I and II disk drives For cable information see next section Selecting SAS Cables You need one SAS cable for each disk drive you are connecting to your SAS HostRAID controller Depending on your requirements you can use any of these cables Internal SAS SFF 8484 to SAS SFF 8484 cable Server JBOD External miniSAS SFF 8088 to SAS f SFF 8470 cable f4 a a 1800 External SFF 8470 to SFF 8470 cable X Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 29 External SFF 8088 to SFF 8088 cable Internal SFF 8484 to 4x SFF 8482 fanout cable SS Note This cable is included in the gi Adaptec HostRAID 44300 and 48300 controller kit It can be used to connect SAS or SATA disk drives Internal SFF 8484 to 4x SATA fanout cable Internal SFF 8484 to SFF 8484 cable Internal SFF 8087 to SFF 8484 cable Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SAS cables For more information or to purchase cables visit the Adaptec Web site at ww w adaptec com Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID
76. pdating the HostRAID controller flash controller activity is not possible Before you can use the HostRAID controller again complete the flash operation and restart the computer 2 At the DOS command prompt typically A gt type aru then press Enter The AFU s main menu is displayed 3 Select Select Controllers then select the Adaptec HostRAID controllers to be flashed When selecting a single controller the system automatically selects it When selecting multiple controllers use the spacebar then press Enter Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 82 Select Select an Operation and choose one of these options then follow the on screen instructions Update Updates all the flash components on a HostRAID controller with the flash image data from a User Flash Image UFI file The AFU updates the HostRAID controller s flash by reading UFI files and writing them to the controller s flash components Note The UFI includes the HostRAID controller s type thereby ensuring that the AFU uses the correct file Save Updates and verifies the BIOS image of the HostRAID controller Verify Reads the contents of a HostRAID controller s flash components and compares it to the contents of the specified UFI file Version Displays version information about a HostRAID controller s flash components List Lists all supported HostRAID controllers detected in your system Running the AFU from the Comma
77. r not included in all controller kits See Chapter 5 for details Low profile bracket SAS and SATA HostRAID Controllers Quickstart Guide System Requirements PC compatible computer with Intel Pentium or equivalent processor A motherboard with these features e Complies with the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 2 and higher e Supports multifunction devices where one of the devices is a PCI bridge e Large memory mapped address ranges Note Refer to the Readme file on the HostRAID Installation CD for additional motherboard compatibility information One of these operating systems e Microsoft Windows Server 2003 XP and Windows Vista e Red Hat Linux e SUSE Linux e Novell NetWare Note For up to date operating system version support visit www adaptec com At least 256 MB of RAMs Available compatible PCI PCI X PCle slot depending on your controller model see Chapter 2 40 MB of free drive space 16 bit SVGA color monitor with a resolution of at least 800 x 600 CD drive Appropriate interface cables Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives In this chapter Bere a Bera Gate iasntar anna ete ieee ees 27 Insolhns he cist UCN a ccsersaiccslee nar deccci at auantiardagae ence veodeeeeoueaubedecubss 27 Selecting DoK Drives scsitaiatidacaicsinicaiccaacagnigeenideininaninigtaaddniaiiaddelaaenleiaaidbriaandd each 28 e E E o E E ee E rn re E eee eoretere eerteere eee 28 T ERE e A E E E E E
78. r Specification sf Adaptec 12255A Activity LED Specification dennssenranarsincnciemrssrancrinnnnsiinen 9 Safety Information Blectrostatic Discharge ESD onannrnnnaninia VENEA TEE EEE 92 Technical Specifications Environmental SPECIAL ONG sraiassacassiarpinriaeiacasaianarinaasacansiaeainaadninnrcanmananiane 94 Ds Power Requitencite anndaaacandiakaiandaudmnmakaiainaniamsane oe tren Cente oii an Glossary Index About This Guide In this chapter What You Need t Know Belore You Degil cs cccscasessicecssssaisaiiciiareenunsdenenanmesicareaies 12 lernminolosy Used in this edhe sisiane A 12 Conventions Wed m This G idesensenrsnie nn R 12 How to Pind More hiotmatoiossssonssannennau nnan a 2 This Installation and User s Guide explains how to install your Adaptec HostRAID controller It also describes the utilities included in your controller kit and provides a basic overview of Serial Attached SCSI SAS technology Chapter 1 About This Guide 12 What You Need to Know Before You Begin You should be familiar with computer hardware data storage Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAID technology and the characteristics of input output I O technology used by your HostRAID controller Because SAS is a newer I O technology an introduction is provided in the Appendix A Note Because this guide covers multiple Adaptec HostRAID controllers some of the features and functions described may not be available
79. r reconditioned All replaced parts or products shall become the property of Adaptec This warranty shall not apply if the product has been damaged by accident misuse abuse or as a result of unauthorized service or parts Warranty service is available to the purchaser by delivering the product during the warranty period to an authorized Adaptec service facility or to Adaptec and providing proof of purchase price and date The purchaser shall bear all shipping packing and insurance costs and all other costs excluding labor and parts necessary to effectuate repair replacement or refund under this warranty For more information on how to obtain warranty service write or telephone Adaptec at 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas CA 95035 800 959 7274 THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCT WHICH HAS BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE OR AS A RESULT OF UNAUTHORIZED SERVICE OR PARTS THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTIES WHICH NOW OR HEREAFTER MIGHT OTHERWISE ARISE RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON INFRINGEMENT SHALL A HAVE NO GREATER DURATION THAN 3 YEARS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE B TERMINATE AUTOMATICALLY AT THE EXPIRATION OF SUCH PERIOD AND C TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW BE EXCLUDED IN THE EVENT THIS PRODUCT BECOMES DEFECTIVE DURING THE WARRANTY PERIOD THE PURCHASER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY SHALL BE
80. roller it is currently connected to H hard disk drive Basic unit of nonvolatile nonremovable magnetic storage media See disk hot spare A spare hard disk that automatically replaces a failed hard disk on any array associated with any HBA hot swap To remove a component from a system and install a new component while the power is on and the system is running impacted An impacted array is one which has been created but for some reason the initial build operation did not complete All member drives are present and operational and all data written to the array is protected To optimize the array run a Verify with Fix Task initialize See configure Glossary e 98 L legacy disk Disk that contained a valid partition table when connected to the controller The controller manages the disk as a legacy disk array where there is a one to one logical to physical mapping of array to disk logical device Volume comprised of space from one or more physical drives and presented to the operating system as if it were a single storage unit low level format Process performed by the drive firmware that completely cleans any data off the hard disk M mirrored array mirroring See RAID 1 RAID 10 monitoring Process of receiving displaying and logging system events N Native Command Queuing Allows disk drives to arrange commands into the most efficient order for optimum performance 0 offline array Array that
81. rs external RAID levels Simple volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure support Native Command Queuing NCQ Automatic failover Audible alarm 2 x4 external SFF 8088 miniSAS miniSAS 1 0 connector O 1 10 Yes SAS 3 0Gb s SATA 1 5Gb s SATA II 3 0Gb s 8 direct attached drives or up to 128 using expander technology Yes Yes No Yes No Note There is NO I2C function on this controller as all ports are external Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 118 About the Adaptec 48300 Controller The Adaptec 48300 is a low profile PCI X to 8 Phy SAS 1 0 HostRAID controller with these features ae 5 Mounting bracket Form factor Bus compatibility PCI bus width max PCI bus speed max PHYs Connectors internal Connectors external RAID levels Simple volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure support Native Command Queuing NCQ Automatic failover Audible alarm Note There is no separate I2C con Reference on page 87 for details External SAS Connector Internal SAS Connector J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header 3 3V PCI X Connector Low profile PCI X 64 bit 133 MHz 8 1 x4 internal SFF 8484 SAS 1 1 connector 1 x4 external SFF 8470 SAS 1 0 connector O 1 10 Yes SAS 3 0Gbps SATA 1 5Gbps SATA II 3 0Gbps 8 direct attached dri
82. rt Native Command Queuing NCQ Automatic failover Audible alarm J2 Connector 12C __J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header Mounting bracket Power LED Aggregate LED Port Activity LED 3 top port 2 bottom port SATA Ports 1 top port O bottom port J4 Activity LED PCle X4 connector Low profile PCle x4 4 4 stacked O 1 10 Yes SATA 1 5Gbps SATA II 3 0Gbps 4 Yes Yes SATA II Enclosure Management using 12C connection Yes Yes No Note There is no separate I2C connector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Reference on page 87 for details Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 21 About the Adaptec 1420SA Controller The Adaptec 1420SA is a low profile PCI X to 4 port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features Form factor Bus compatibility Ports Connector internal RAID levels Simple volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure support Native Command Queuing NCQ Audible alarm 1 connector 12C 7 Aggregate Activity LED Header 2 LED connector Activity LED 3 3V 5V PCI X connector Low profile PCI X 4 4 O 1 10 Yes SATA I 1 5Gbps SATA II 3 0Gbps 4 Yes Yes SATA II Enclosure Management using 12C connection Yes No Note There is no separate 12C connector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Reference on page 87 for details Ch
83. s However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation However if this equipment does cause interference to radio or television equipment reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between equipment and receiver Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio television technician for help Use a shielded and properly grounded I O cable and power cable to ensure compliance of this unit to the specified limits of the rules This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Adaptec Inc ASR 58300 ASR 48300 ASR 44300 AAR 1430SA AAR 1420SA AAR 1220SA AAR 1225SA Ee Tested to Comply With FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE European Union Compliance Statement C This Information Technology Equipment has been tested and found to comply with EMC Directive 89 336 EEC as amended by 92 31 EEC and 93 68 EEC in accordance with e EN55022 1998 A1 2000 A2 2003 Emissions e EN55024
84. s 55 multiple disk drives 55 with hot spare 54 without hot spare 54 recovering from failure 54 SAS identifiers 60 drivers installing on Linux 48 installing on NetWare 48 installing on Windows 47 E electrostatic discharge 92 end devices 58 event log 78 expander connections 61 expander devices 58 F failed disk drives multiple arrays 55 multiple disk drives 55 without hot spare 54 flashing controllers 55 H hard disk hard disk drive hard drive See disk drives installation disk drives SAS 30 disk drives SATA 32 SAS backplane 31 Index e 95 SAS direct attach 31 L links SAS 59 Linux driver installation 48 N NetWare driver installation 48 non RAID arrays 65 P phys 59 R RAID definition 65 RAID 0 65 RAID 1 66 RAID 1066 recovering from disk drive failure Red Hat driver installation 48 Redundant Array of Independent Disks See RAID replacing failed disk drives resetting controllers 55 S SAS 4 wide ports 60 backplane connections 31 61 cables 60 comparison to parallel SCSI 62 connectors 60 controllers 58 description 58 direct attach connections 31 61 disk drive identifiers 60 end devices 58 expander connections 61 expander devices 58 fanout expanders 61 link speed 58 links 59 narrow connectors 60 narrow ports 59 phys 59 ports 59 SAS address 60 SAS devices 58 SAS domain 62 terminology 58 transceivers 59 wide connectors 60 wide ports 59 SAS controllers con
85. s a different role in a storage system For more information about how SAS expanders work refer to the STA Web site at www scsita org You can connect up to 128 SAS ports to an edge expander A single edge expander can therefore support up to 128 SAS addresses Appendix A Introduction to SAS e 62 You can connect up to 128 edge expanders to a fanout expander You can use only one fanout expander in any single SAS domain a topology of SAS and possibly SATA end devices and expander devices A single SAS domain can therefore comprise up to 16 384 SAS ports and therefore up to 16 384 SAS addresses The following figure illustrates in very basic terms a SAS domain and shows how SAS controllers SAS and SATA disk drives and expander devices can fit together in a large data storage topology SAS Domain Cas a See e a Gaia a ee ee eek See eee a ee ae ee ee er ee ee ees Edge Expander Edge Expander Edge Expander Fanout Expander SAS Card Edge Expander SAS Card Edge Expander g a g z B Disk Drives How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI In summary although SAS and parallel SCSI use the SCSI command set how they move data from one place to another is very different To support point to point serial data transport SAS introduces new types of connectors cables connection options and terminology Generally speaking SAS is faster and more flexible than parallel SCSI
86. se the ACU to make the array bootable see Managing Bootable Arrays and Devices on page 73 Continue with Installing the Driver and an Operating System on page 42 Installing the Driver and an Operating System In this chapter Before Wou Be 000s ssascasassoicnscanascnsaanonchsaansaansosisadesceisaieianscansachoaanecensaaaendacenssomeeienceaareacntacheaaees 43 reanna a Diye Dik ee eR On re ener eee ee 43 Je UU Tg aides LE a E E A AE A E 43 Digi wilr Red Hat NOS eok ese iaruartadedaeeianaieemaees ad Merv teal ark wih SUSE LINUR aos sacs scattered nana bnsd aera aya oneness 44 tastalbns with Nea anonn na RN 45 This chapter explains how to install your HostRAID controller driver and an operating system onto a bootable array see page 38 Note To install the driver on an existing operating system see page 46 Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System 143 Before You Begin Install and connect your HostRAID controller and internal disk drives see page 26 Create a bootable array see page 38 Creating a driver disk next section Note For up to date operating system version support visit www adaptec com Creating a Driver Disk Before you install your driver you must create a driver disk You need a floppy disk to complete this task To create a driver disk 1 Set your system BIOS so that your computer boots from the CD drive For instructions refer to your computer s documentation Boot
87. sk drives have been installed and connected close your computer cabinet and reconnect the power cord Checking Your Controller and Devices Now that you have installed your controller and connected your disk drives you can use the ARC utility to check your controller and devices as described below 1 2 Turn on your computer When the Adaptec banner appears press Ctrl A to enter the Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility If your drives have already been used in another system even if not part of an array select Disk Utilities and format the drive Otherwise skip to Step 4 Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 133 4 Select SATASelect on SATA controller and SerialSelect on SAS controller to verify the hardware configuration of the controller and the drives Verify that all drives are shown If anything appears to be missing power down the computer and check the connections Setting the Boot Controller Note If your system contains only one bootable controller or if you are using the 1225SA controller that does not support bootable devices proceed with Creating an Array on page 39 Most of the Adaptec HostRAID controllers support bootable disk drives and arrays The default setting of the HostRAID controller and system Setup allows you to install and boot from either a disk drive connected to the motherboard or from a drive or array connected to the HostRAID controller To enable the
88. storage Appendix B Understanding RAID e 65 RAID Technology Overview RAID is the technology of grouping several physical drives into an array that you can define as one or more logical drives Each logical drive appears to the operating system as a single drive This grouping technique greatly enhances logical drive capacity and performance beyond the physical limitations of a single physical drive When you group multiple physical drives into a logical drive the HostRAID controller can transfer data in parallel from the multiple drives in the array This parallel transfer yields data transfer rates that are many times higher than with non arrayed drives allowing the system to better meet the throughput amount of data processed in a given amount of time or productivity needs of a multi user network environment The ability to respond to multiple data requests provides not only an increase in throughput but also a decrease in response time The combination of parallel transfers and simultaneous responses to multiple requests allows disk arrays to provide a high level of performance in network environments Understanding Drive Segments A drive segment is a disk drive or portion of a disk drive that is used to create an array A disk drive can include both RAID segments segments that are part of an array and available segments Each segment can be part of only one logical device at a time If a disk drive is not part of any logical d
89. sume fault tolerance You can perform a rebuild in the following ways Note If no spare exists and a hard disk drive fails you need to create a spare before you can rebuild an array See Adding Deleting Hot Spares on page 72 before continuing your rebuild e System Shutdown Rebuild You can power off the computer and replace the failed drive with a new one of equal or greater capacity When the system is booted you can assign the new drive as a spare and this will start the Rebuild task All the data from the good drive is copied to the new one and the original RAID 1 array is recreated e Manual Rebuild a From the Main Menu select Manage Arrays From the List of Arrays select the array you want to rebuild b Press Ctrl R to rebuild Viewing Array Properties To view the properties of an existing array 1 From the ACU menu select Manage Arrays 2 From the List of Arrays dialog box select the array you want to view then press Enter The Array Properties dialog box appears showing detailed information on the array The physical disks associated with the array are displayed here 3 Press Esc to return to the previous menu Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 2 Deleting Arrays A Caution Back up the data on an array before you delete it Otherwise all data on the array is lost Deleted arrays cannot be restored To delete an existing array 1 2 3 5 From the ACU menu select Manage Arrays Select
90. system to boot from either a disk drive or an array connected to the HostRAID controller Note Selecting the boot controller is done using the system BIOS Setup Utility Launching the system BIOS Setup Utility varies depending on your computer model Refer to your computer documentation for instructions on how to access the system BIOS 1 Enter the system BIOS Setup 2 Navigate to the disk drive boot sequence 3 Move the boot controller to the top of the list Chapter 4 Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 34 Next Steps If you are installing the driver and an operating system onto a bootable array continue with Creating a Bootable Array on page 38 If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system continue with Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 46 Getting Started In this chapter esis B AID Lere oain iE NE 36 Choosing mrik ton OPROIS ersi aE 36 Basic Installation Sepsa A 36 This chapter provides the basic information you need to set up your disk drives and arrays the way you want them It also describes the options you have for installing your HostRAID controller and disk drives and creating arrays for data storage Before you begin familiarize yourself with your HostRAID controller s physical features and the RAID levels that it supports See Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller Chapter 5 Getting Started 136 Choosing a
91. t Requirements Adaptec Model Maximum Current A ASC 58300 ASC 48300 ASC 44300 AAR 1430SA AAR 1420SA AAR 1220SA AAR 1225SA 0 56A 1 322A A45A 1 5A 1 5A 1 5A 1 5A Glossary A activity See task ACU Array Configuration Utility An application used to create configure and manage arrays from the controller s BIOS or MS DOS array A logical disk created from available space and made up of one or more segments on one or more physical disks Arrays are typically used to provide data redundancy or enhanced I O performance See volume RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 10 Also known as a container array initialization See configure ATA AT Bus Attachment Standard parallel interface to IDE hard disks typically used in desktop computers and some entry level servers Serial ATA SATA is a successor to parallel ATA which is sometimes referred to as PATA available space segment Unused space on a configured disk from which logical devices arrays are created When an array is deleted the space that it used is returned to the available space pool background consistency check Option that forces the controller to constantly check all portions of disks used by all arrays to see if the disks can return data from the blocks See consistency check command bad segment Segment that is in an unknown state bootable array Array configured as the boot device Glossary e 96 build Background initialization of a red
92. t to use the AFU carefully and correctly to avoid rendering your HostRAID controller inoperable Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in DOS use the AFU Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 80 Introduction The AFU is a text based DOS utility used to update save or verify your HostRAID controller s firmware BIOS and Non Volatile Random Access Memory NVRAM The AFU is easy to use and contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging the HostRAID controller s flash contents Still you must be careful to use the AFU correctly otherwise you could render the HostRAID controller inoperable System Requirements The requirements for AFU are as follows e MS DOS version 5 0 or later It cannot run from a DOS command prompt window under any version of Windows Note You can t run the AFU from a DOS command prompt window under any version of Windows e Atleast 8 MB of extended memory Compatibility Information The AFU has the following compatibility issues e Supports HIMEM SYS and is compatible with other DOS drivers running under HIMEM SYS for example SMARTDRV SYS and SETVER SYS e Does not support DOS extenders installed in memory such as EMM386 SYS and DOS4GW Before You Begin Before running the AFU complete these tasks Obtaining the Firmware on page 80 Creating the Firmware Kit On Floppy Disks on page 81 Obtaining the Firmware To obtain Host
93. the array you wish to delete then press Delete In the Array Properties dialog box select Delete then press Enter For RAID 1 and 10 arrays A Warning Deleting the array will render array unusable Do you want to delete the array Yes No For RAID 0 arrays A Warning Deleting the array will result in data loss Do you want to delete the array Yes No If you press Yes select the member To delete the partition table choose the member member 0 member 1 both none Press Esc to return to the previous menu Enabling Disabling Write Cache To Enable Disable Write Cache for an array 1 2 From the Main menu select Manage Arrays From the List of Arrays select the array you want to modify the Write Cache setting for then press Ctrl W A confirmation dialog appears to modify setting Press Y to change the current Write Cache setting Note Write Cache is disabled by default when creating all array types The disk operation may be very slow with Write Cache off Adding Deleting Hot Spares Select the Add Delete Hot Spares option to add delete or view hot spares 1 2 From the ACU menu select Add Delete Hot Spares Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight the disk you want to designate as a hot spare then select Insert gt Enter Press Yes when the following prompt is displayed Do you want to create spare Yes No The Spare you have selected appears in the Selected Drive menu Appendix C Us
94. tiple HostRAID controllers are installed select the HostRAID controller you want to configure then press Enter From the ARC menu select SATASelect Utility To select a menu option browse with the arrow keys to the option then press Enter In some cases selecting an option displays another menu You can return to the previous menu at any time by pressing Esc To restore the default SATASelect values press F6 from within the SATA Driver and Controller Configuration screen To exit SATASelect press Esc until a message prompts you to exit if you changed any settings you are prompted to save the changes before you exit At the prompt select Yes to exit then press any key to restart the computer Any changes you made in SATASelect take effect after the computer restarts Appendix C Using the ARC Utility e 76 SATASelect Options The following table lists the available and default settings for each SATASelect option and the description of each option The default settings are appropriate for most systems and appear in bold type in the table Adaptec recommends that you do not change the settings SATASelect Options Available Settings Description Controller Configuration Runtime BIOS Enabled Controls the state of the BIOS at POST time When Disabled Enabled the HostRAID controller BIOS allows Disabled Scan bus the controller to act as a bootable device Disabling the BIOS allows another suitable HostRAID controller to a
95. ts devices such as computers and disk drives communicate with each other Parallel SCSI moves multiple bits of data in parallel using the SCSI command set SAS is an evolution of parallel SCSI to a point to point serial interface SAS also uses the SCSI command set but moves multiple bits of data one at a time SAS links end devices through direct attach connections or through expander devices SAS controllers can typically support up to 128 end devices and can communicate with both SAS and SATA devices You can add 128 end devices or even more with the use of SAS expanders For more information see SAS Expander Connections on page 61 Although you can use both SAS and SATA disk drives in the same SAS domain Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array or logical drive The difference in performance between the two types of disk drives may adversely affect the performance of the array Data can move in both directions simultaneously across a SAS connection called a link see next section Link speed is 600 MB sec in full duplex mode A SAS controller with eight links has a maximum bandwidth of 4800 MB sec in full duplex mode Although they share the SCSI command set SAS is conceptually different from parallel SCSI physically and has its own types of connectors cables connection options and terminology as described in the rest of this chapter To compare SAS to parallel SCSI see page 62
96. undant array The array is accessible throughout RAID 1 copies the contents of the primary drive to a secondary drive See clear bus See channel C cache Fast access memory on the controller that serves as intermediate storage for data that is read from or written to drives capacity Total usable space available in megabytes or gigabytes channel Any path or bus used for the transfer of data and the control of information between storage devices and a RAID controller For SATA channels each channel has a single drive capacity check point A feature that enables you to exit the ACU when an operation is in progress and be able to continue without interruption The driver then resumes the operation from where the BIOS left off and the BIOS resumes the operation where the driver left off chunk See stripe clear Foreground initialization of a fault tolerant array A clear operation zeros all blocks of the array The array is not accessible until the clear task is complete concatenation Joining of physical or logical drives in sequential order configure Process of preparing a disk for use by the controller When a disk is configured the controller records the RAID signature on the disk configured array An array that is ready for data reads and writes Arrays can be configured by build or clear consistency check command Command that reads all the blocks of a RAID 1 to determine if the blocks are consistent Any inco
97. ur Storage Space on page 50 Installing on Windows Vista a FB Ww N BF Insert the Windows setup CD When prompted to install a third party driver click Load Driver Select the driver and click Next The disk array is displayed Click Drive Options to modify the RAID 10 size else click Next to proceed with the installation Installing on Red Hat or SUSE Linux To install the module on Red Hat or SUSE Linux 1 3 4 Insert and mount the RAID Installation CD Red Hat mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom SuSE mount dev cdrom media cdrom Install the module RPM rpm Uvh mount point xxx yyy rpm where mount point is the specific mount point on the Linux system xxx is the driver path and yyy rpm is the rpm file Run fdisk mkfs and create mount points for any new disk drives Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50 Installing on NetWare Note Before you begin ensure that the NetWare operating system has been upgraded to the minimum patch level specified by Novell Refer to the Novell Web site for more information Note NetWare does not support drive enclosures with port multipliers but supports eSATA drives To install the driver on NetWare O oOo A W N B Start your computer From the NetWare server console prompt type load hdetect then press Enter From the Device types menu select Continue then press Enter From the Device type option select Modify then press Enter Select Storage Ad
98. verify your HostRAID controller s firmware BIOS and Non Volatile Random Access Memory NVRAM For more information see page 80 A Caution Although the AFU contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging your RAID controller s flash contents it is still important to use the AFU carefully and correctly to avoid rendering your RAID controller inoperable Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in DOS use the AFU Which Utility Should Use To create a bootable array Adaptec recommends that you use the BIOS based ARC utility For all subsequent storage management tasks Adaptec recommends that you install and use Adaptec Storage Manager see page 51 As a full featured software application with a graphical user interface GUI it is the easiest to use and offers the widest range of management functions Solving Problems In this chapter Tails C Hee Boi sus ionen Ere r ne emmEN eR 54 Recoverne koma Disk Drive FATE srra 54 Reetia the Lonel scenario 55 This chapter provides basic troubleshooting information and solutions for solving your HostRAID controller problems Chapter 10 Solving Problems 154 Troubleshooting Checklist If you encounter difficulties installing or using your HostRAID controller check these items first e With your computer powered off check the connections to each disk drive the power supply the LED connector and so on e Try disconnecting and re
99. ves or up to 128 using expander technology Yes Yes No Yes No nector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 119 About the Adaptec 44300 Controller The Adaptec 44300 is a low profile PCI X to 4 Phy SAS 1 0 HostRAID controller with these features p Mounting bracket Form factor Bus compatibility PCI bus width max PCI bus speed max PHYs Connectors internal RAID levels Simple Volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure support Native Command Queuing NCQ Automatic failover Audible alarm Internal SAS Connector J3 Aggregate Activity LED Header 3 3V PCI X Connector Low profile PCI X 64 bit 133 MHz 4 1 x4 internal SFF 8484 SAS 1 1 connector O 1 10 Yes SAS 3 0Gbps SATA 1 5Gbps SATA II 3 0Gbps 4 direct attached drives or up to 128 using expanded technology Yes Yes No Yes No Note There is no separate I2C connector See the HostRAID Controller LED and 12C Connector Reference on page 87 for details Chapter 2 About Your HostRAID Controller 120 About the Adaptec 1430SA Controller The Adaptec 1430SA is a low profile 4 port PCIe SATA II HostRAID controller with these features Form factor Bus compatibility Ports Connectors internal RAID levels Simple volume Disk drives Maximum number of disk drives Hot spares Enclosure suppo
100. y Appendix D Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS e 84 A gt AFU SAVE C 0 In the following example the AFU saves flash contents from Controller 1 to a UFI file in C UFI_FILES A gt AFU SAVE C 1 D C UFI_FILES UPDATE The UPDATE command updates a HostRAID controller s flash components from the flash image data in a UFI file You can use the UPDATE command to update a single HostRAID controller s flash components or to update multiple HostRAID controllers on your computer You must restart the computer following an UPDATE command Command Syntax The command syntax for the UPDATE command is as follows AFU UPDATE C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt Command Switches For details on the C and D switches see SAVE on page 83 Examples The following example shows a typical system response after an update has been performed A gt AFU UPDATE C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V1 0 0 B1406 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Updating Controller 0 Adaptec ASC 48300 Reading flash image file Build 1406 AFU is about to update firmware on controller s Adaptec ASC 48300 PLEASE DO NOT REBOOT THE SYSTEM DURING THE UPDATE This might take a few minutes Writing Adaptec ASC 48300 4MB Flash Image to controller 0 OK Verifying OK Please restart the computer to allow firmware changes to take effect VERIFY The VERIFY command compares the contents of each of the flas

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