Casio FX-7400G Plus Calculator
Contents
1. F2 ZOOM E3 ZOOM Box IN ouT 62 Graphing Chapter 4 4 2 Press Fi BOX and then use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the location of one of the corners of the box you want to draw on the screen Press to specify the location of the corner F1 BOX 0E n 05 Y 3 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the location of the corner that is diago nally across from the first corner 0 0 n 5a 94H la 0859 4 Press to specify the location of the second corner When you do the part of the graph inside the box is immediately enlarged so it fills the entire screen EER To return to the original graph press F2 ZOOM Fi ORIG N Nothing happens if you try to locate the second corner at the same location or directly above the first corner e You can use box zoom for any type of graph eTo use factor zoom With factor zoom you can zoom in or zoom out on the display with the current pointer location being at the center of the new display Use the cursor keys to move the pointer around the display Example Graph the two functions below and enlarge them five times in order to determine whether or not they are tangential Yi y x 4 x 1 x 3 Y2 y 3x 22 Graphing KALET CG Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 8 Ymin 30 Xmax 8 Ymax 30 Xscl 5 Yscl 10 1 After graphing2. INIT View Window initial settings F2 TRIG View Window initial settings using specified angle unit F3 Sto Store View Window settings to View Window memory Rel iiss Recall View Window settings from View Window memory XMi srna Minimum x axis value XMAX respei Maximum x axis value KSC saersi Spacing of x axis increments 48 Graphing Chapter 4 4 2 Input a value for a parameter and press Exe The calculator automatically selects the next parameter for input You can also select a parameter using the and keys J W i ngon maxs a scli 1 THIT TRIG Sto Rel YMI hesse Minimum y axis value YMAR sirsie Maximum y axis value YSO Spacing of y axis increments The following illustration shows the meaning of each of these parameters 3 Input a value for a parameter and press Exe The calculator automatically selects the next parameter for input There are actually nine View Window parameters The remaining three param eters appear on the display when you move the highlighting down past the Y scale parameter by inputting values and pressing U di ngdow maxs e EPI INIT TRIG Sto Rcl 49 Graphing Chapter 4 4 X 4 To exit the View Window press quit e Pressing s without inputting any value also exits the View Window The following is the input range for View Window parameters 9 99E 97 to 9 999E 97 e You can input parame
3. can use the D Type setting of the set up screen to specify one of two graph types e Connect type Conct Points are plotted and connected by lines to create a curve e Plot Points are plotted without being connected 58 Graphing Chapter 4 4 E Trace With trace you can move a flashing pointer along a graph with the and cursor keys and obtain readouts of coordinates at each point The following shows the different types of coordinate readouts produced by trace e Rectangular Coordinate Graph e Parametric Function Graph T 0 9599 n a923 Y 2a J964 n Se9Q6R Y 5a2l6U e Inequality Graph jess T gt 19 562 eTo use trace to read coordinates Example To determine the points of intersection for graphs produced by the following functions Yi y x 3 Y2 y x 2 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Yscl 2 1 After drawing the graphs press Fi TRCE to make the pointer appear at the far left of the graph Fa TRCE e The pointer may not be visible on the graph when you press Fi TRCE 2 Use to move the pointer to the first intersection DO x y coordinate values H 2 Be Y U 9552 59 Graphing Chapter 4 4 Pressing amp and moves the pointer along the graph Holding down either key moves the pointer at high speed 3 Use and to move the pointer between the two graphs 4 Use to move the pointer to t
4. deflection e Setting maximum and minimum values that create to narrow of a View Window range can result in an error Ma ERROR E Initializing and Standardizing the View Window eTo initialize the View Window a Press F3 V Window Fi INIT to initialize the View Window to the following settings Xmin 3 9 Ymin 2 3 Xmax 3 9 Ymax 2 3 Xscl 1 Yscl 4 50 Graphing Chapter 4 4 b Press 3 V Window F2 TRIG to initialize the View Window to the follow ing settings Deg Mode Xmin 360 Ymin 1 6 Xmax 360 Ymax 1 6 Xscl 90 Yscl 0 5 Rad Mode Xmin 6 28318 Xmax 6 28318 Xscl 1 57079 Gra Mode Xmin 400 Xmax 400 Xscl 100 e The settings for Ymin Ymax Ypitch Tmin Tmax and Tpitch remain unchanged when you press F2 TRIG E View Window Memory You can store a set of View Window settings in View Window memory for recall when you need them eTo save View Window settings While the View Window setting screen is on the display press F3 Sto to save the current settings e Whenever you save View Window settings any settings previously stored in memory are replaced eTo recall View Window settings While the View Window setting screen is on the display press Rcl to recall the View Window settings stored in memory Whenever you recall View Window settings the settings on the View Window are replaced by the recalled settings e You can change View Window settings in a
5. graphs manually First press SKTCH F2 GRPH to recall the Graph Command Menu and then input the graph function Fa SKTCH FA GRPH am Fi Y Rectangular coordinate graph 0 B E3 Parm Parametric graph 55 Graphing Chapter 4 4 M AA Fi Y gt Y gt f x inequality A p F2 Y lt we Y lt f x inequality F3 Y gt aaan Y 2 f x inequality Y Jeras Y lt f x inequality Press to return to the previous menu eTo graph using rectangular coordinates Y You can graph functions that can be expressed in the format y f x Example To graphy 2x 3x 4 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 2 Yscl 5 1 In the set up screen specify the appropriate graph type for F Type AY a 2 Input the rectangular coordinate Y expression E9 E FA SKTCH F Cis E Cis F GRPH FAY opomnmepomeom rara Y 2RE S 3 Press to draw the graph EXE You can draw graphs of the following built in scientific functions sinx e cos x etan x esin x cos x e tan x yX S e log x e Inx s107 sgt ex e 3X View Window settings are made automatically for built in graphs 56 Graphing Chapter 4 4 eTo graph parametric functions You can graph parametric functions that can be expressed in the following format X Y F T g T Example To graph the following parametric functions x
6. program using the following syntax CH View Window Xmin value Xmax value Xscl value Ymin value Ymax value Yscl value Tmin value Tmax value Tptch value 51 Graphing Chapter 4 3 Graph Function Operations You can store up to 10 functions in memory Functions in memory can be edited recalled and graphed The types of functions that can be stored in memory are rectangular coordinate functions parametric functions and inequalities E Specifying the Graph Type Before you can store a graph function in memory you must first specify its graph type 1 While the Graph Function Menu is on the display press to display a Graph Type Menu Y Farm Fi Y Rectangular coordinate graph AH E F3 Parm Parametric graph Ce Tr re re re Fi Y gt Y gt f x inequality l i 0 a F F2 Y Sjans Y lt f x inequality E3 Y gt wn Y 2f x inequality YS ees Y lt f x inequality Press to return to the previous menu 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the graph type you want to specify E Storing Graph Functions eTo store a rectangular coordinate function Y Example To store the following expression in memory area Y1 y 2x 5 OAY G Specifies rectangular coordinate Wi expression 2 G7 G3 amp Inputs expression EXE G Fun Stores expression V1IB SA 52 Graphing Chapter 4 4 e You will not be able to
7. 7 cos T 2 cos 3T y 7 sin T 2 sin 3T Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 20 Ymin 12 Xmax 20 Ymax 12 Xscl 5 Yscl 5 Tmin 0 Tmax 2r Tptch 2 36 1 Inthe set up screen specify the appropriate graph type for F Type EA Parm 2 Set the default angle unit to radians Rad F3 Rad oun 3 Input the parametric functions GO GA FA SKTCH FI Cis E Ai FQ GRPH FA Parm Grarht YI cT eal cos fcc ot 9 Coo EDO cos T 2cos ST Aeoeoeooo arsin T sin ST Farm 4 Press to draw the graph EXE eTo graph inequalities You can graph inequalities that can be expressed in the following four formats sy gt f x 57 Graphing Chapter 4 4 P 7 Example To graph the inequality y gt x 2x 6 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 6 Ymin 10 Xmax 6 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Yscl 5 1 In the set up screen specify the appropriate graph type for F Type aS A gt em 2 Input the inequality Ao GF FA SKTCH FA Cls E Fls FQ GRPH F Y gt pagnomewm o arh Woe a2 3 Press to draw the graph EXE 5 Other Graphing Functions The functions described in this section tell you how to read the x and y coordinates at a given point and how to zoom in and zoom out on a graph These functions can be used with rectangular coordinate parametric and in equality graphs only E Connect Type and Plot Type Graphs D Type You
8. Chapter gt Graphing A collection of versatile graphing tools plus a large 79 x 47 dot display makes it easy to draw a variety of function graphs quickly and easily This calculator is capable of drawing the following types of graphs e Rectangular coordinate Y graphs e Parametric graphs e Inequality graphs e Aselection of graph commands also makes it possible to incorpo rate graphing into programs Before Trying to Draw a Graph View Window V Window Settings Graph Function Operations Drawing Graphs Manually Other Graphing Functions ao PON gt Graphing Chapter 4 1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph E Entering the Graph Mode On the Main Menu select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode When you do the Graph Function G Func menu appears on the display You can use this menu to store edit and recall functions and to draw their graphs Memory area Use and to change selection Fi SEL Draw non draw status F2 DEL Graph delete DRAW Draws graph 2 View Window V Window Settings Use the View Window to specify the range of the x and y axes and to set the spac ing between the increments on each axis You should always set the View Window parameters you want to use before drawing a graph Press F3 to display the View Window 1 Press F3 to display the View Window sur F3 V Window U di ngo max a scl 1 INIT TRIG Sto Rcl HA Bf A Fi
9. h function operation in the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode is different from Sketch function operation in the RUN or PRGM Mode Before using the Sketch Function Press SKTCH to display the sketch menu In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode sae Fa SKTCH cis Fiot Line E3 Fi Cls Clears drawn line and point F3 Plot Displays plot menu Line Displays line menu ert Hztl Fi Vert Vertical line Ho e F3 Hztl Horizontal line Press to return to the previous menu In the RUN or PRGM Mode Fa SKTCH C15 GRFHSE LotLire HA AB 8 4 65 Graphing Chapter 4 4 WertHztl FD F3 e Other menu items are identical to those in the STAT GRAPH TABLE Mode menu The Sketch function lets you draw lines and plot points on a graph that is already on the screen All the examples in this section that show operations in the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode are based on the assumption that the following function has already been graphed in the GRAPH Mode Memory Area Y1 y x x 2 x 2 The following are the View Window parameters used when drawing the graph Xmin 5 Ymin 5 Xmax 5 Ymax 5 Xscl 1 Yscl 1 eTo plot points In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Example To plot a point on the graph of y x x 2 x 2 1 After graphing the function display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to cause the pointer to appear on the graph sc
10. he other intersection DO n le 1948 T O e2215 e To quit the trace operation press Fi TRCE again Scrolling When the graph you are tracing runs off the display along either the x or y axis pressing the or cursor key causes the screen to scroll in the corresponding direction eight dots e You can scroll only rectangular coordinate and inequality graphs while tracing You cannot scroll parametric function graphs e Trace can be used only immediately after a graph is drawn It cannot be used after changing the settings of a graph e You cannot incorporate trace into a program e You can use trace on a graph that was drawn as the result of an output com mand 4 which is indicated by the Disp indicator on the screen E Scroll You can scroll a graph along its x or y axis Each time you press or the graph scrolls 12 dots in the corresponding direction E Overwrite Using the following syntax to input a graph causes multiple versions of the graph to be drawn using the specified values All versions of the graph appear on the display at the same time lt function with one variable gt G lt variable name gt lt value gt lt value gt lt value gt m 60 Graphing Chapter 4 4 P 8 Example To graph y Ax 3 substituting 3 1 and 1 for the value of A Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Y
11. reen Fa SKTCH F3 Plot 2 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer the locations of the points you want to plot and press to plot You can plot as many points as you want D D0 EXE n la 0256 T 1 9565 y l The current x and y coordinate values are assigned respectively to variables X and Y 66 Graphing Chapter 4 4 In the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for plotting points in these modes Plot lt x coordinate gt lt y coordinate gt Example To plot a point at 2 2 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Yscl 2 1 After entering the RUN Mode display the sketch menu and perform the following operation Fa SKTCH E1 Cls E5 Cls Plot 2 2_ E3 Plot 2 G 2 Press we You can use the cursor keys amp to move the pointer around the screen N If you do not specify coordinates the pointer is located in the center of the graph screen when it appears on the display If the coordinates you specify are outside the range of the View Window pa rameters the pointer will not be on the graph screen when it appears on the display e The current x and y coordinate values are assigned respectively to variables X and Y 67 Graphing Chapter 4 4 eTo draw a line between two plotted points In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Example To draw a line between the two poin
12. scl 2 WEY G Fune y s Specifies graph type VIBAHe 3 A OH AN KD 7 amp 3 GI SEL IAF DRAL E O ray A GH S 3 CI OOOO erm e Stores expression F4 DRAW or fe oO Draws graph e The function that is input using the above syntax can have only one variable e You cannot use X Y or T as the variable name e You cannot assign a variable to the variable in the function e When the set up screen s Simul G item is set to On the graphs for all the vari ables are drawn simultaneously 61 Graphing Chapter 4 4 E Zoom The zoom feature lets you enlarge and reduce a graph on the display eBefore using zoom Immediately after drawing a graph press F2 ZOOM to display the Zoom Menu EJ ZOOM Eos EMF N our A A F3 Fi BOX Graph enlargement using box zoom F2 FACT Displays screen for specification of zoom factors F3 IN Enlarges graph using zoom factors OUT 285 Reduces graph using zoom factors Ce ORIG ED Fi ORIG Original size Press to return to the previous menu eTo use box zoom With box zoom you draw a box on the display to specify a portion of the graph and then enlarge the contents of the box Example To use box zoom to enlarge a portion of the graph y x 5 x 4 x 3 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 8 Ymin 4 Xmax 8 Ymax 2 Xscl 2 Yscl 1 1 After graphing the function press
13. store the expression in an area that already contains a parametric function Select another area to store your expression or delete the existing parametric function first This also applies when storing inequalities eTo store a parametric function Example To store the following functions in memory areas Xt2 and Yt2 x 3sinT y 3cosT F3 Parm G Func Param Specifies parametric expression 3 in D E Inputs and stores x expression e3 7 E G Furnc Param Inputs and stores y expression 4LZESSsin T YL2BSco0s T e You will not be able to store the expression in an area that already contains a rectangular coordinate expression or inequality Select another area to store your expression or delete the existing expression first eTo store an inequality Example To store the following inequality in memory area Y3 yox 2x 6 E Y gt Specifies an inequality oono Inputs expression EXE Stores expression 53 Graphing Chapter 4 4 E Editing Functions in Memory eTo edit a function in memory Example To change the expression in memory area Y1 from y 2x 5 toy 2x 3 Displays cursor See eb G Func iva Changes contents WIS2HeE S_ oe G Func Y Stores new graph function YIBZs E3 eTo delete a function 1 While the Graph Function Menu is on the display press or to display the cursor and move the highlighting to the area that contains the function you wan
14. t to delete 2 Press F2 DEL YEE H z E 3 Press Fi YES to delete the function for NO to abort the procedure with out deleting anything E Drawing a Graph Before actually drawing a graph you should first make the draw non draw status eTo specify the draw non draw status of a graph You can specify which functions out of those stored in memory should be used for a draw operation e Graphs for which there is no draw non draw status specification are not drawn Example _ To select the following functions for drawing Y1 sy 2x 5 Xt2 x 3 sinT Yt2 y 3cosT 54 Graphing Chapter 4 4 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 5 Xmax 5 Ymax 5 Xscl 1 Yscl 1 OOO Select a memory area that contains a function for which you want to specify non draw 1 SEL Specify non draw Unhighlights F4 DRAW or fe Draws graphs e Pressing or returns to the Graph Function Menu A parametric graph will appear coarse if the settings you make in the View AN Window cause the pitch value to be too large relative to the differential be tween the min and max settings If the settings you make cause the pitch value to be too small relative to the differential between the min and max settings on the other hand the graph will take a very long time to draw 4 Drawing Graphs Manually After you select the RUN icon in the Main Menu and enter the RUN Mode you can draw
15. ter values up to 7 digits long Values greater than 10 or less than 107 are automatically converted to a 4 digit mantissa including nega tive sign plus a 2 digit exponent e The only keys that enabled while the View Window is on the display are 0 to o O W O H O K B 0 0 x out You can use or to input negative values e The existing value remains unchanged if you input a value outside the allow able range or in the case of illegal input negative sign only without a value Inputting a View Window range so the min value is greater than the max value causes the axis to be inverted e You can input expressions such as 27 as View Window parameters When the View Window setting does not allow display of the axes the scale for the y axis is indicated on either the left or right edge of the display while that for the x axis is indicated on either the top or bottom edge e When View Window values are changed the graph display is cleared and the newly set axes only are displayed e View Window setting may cause irregular scale spacing e Setting maximum and minimum values that create too wide of a View Window range can result in a graph made up of disconnected lines because portions of the graph run off the screen or in graphs that are inaccurate The point of deflection sometimes exceeds the capabilities of the display with graphs that change drastically as they approach the point of
16. the functions press 2 ZOOM and the pointer appears on the screen FJ ZOOM m Lam 3 Box IH 2 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the location that you want to be the center of the new display eO e im L 3 EDX IH E3 3 Press F2 FACT to display the factor specification screen and input the factor for the x and y axes F3 FACT Factor B amp G w AT He 5 4 Press to return to the graphs and then press F3 IN to enlarge them our F3 IN Box IH out This enlarged screen makes it clear that the graphs of the two expressions are not tangential Note that the above procedure can also be used to reduce the size of a graph zoom out In step 4 press OUT 6 A Graphing Chapter 4 4 The above procedure automatically converts the x range and y range View Win dow values to 1 5 of their original settings e You can repeat the factor zoom procedure more than once to further enlarge or reduce the graph eTo initialize the zoom factor Press F2 ZOOM F3 FACT F1 INIT to initialize the zoom factor to the following settings Xfct 2 Yfct 2 y e You can use the following syntax to incorporate a factor zoom operation into a program Factor lt X factor gt lt Y factor gt e You can use factor zoom for any type of graph E Sketch Function The sketch function lets you draw lines and graphs on an existing graph e Note that Sketc
17. ts as well as the graph itself Cls EXE 70
18. ts of inflection on the graph of y x x 2 x 2 Use the same View Window parameters as in the example on page 66 1 After graphing the function display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to cause the pointer to appear on the graph screen Fa SKTCH F3 Plot 2 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to one of the points of inflection and press 5 to plot it EXE n la 153 Y 3a 0434 3 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the other point of inflection O O n la 1538 Y 3 043 4 Display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to draw a line be tween the two points F3 SKTCH FA Line n la 1538 Y 3 043 68 Graphing Chapter 4 4 In the RUN or PRGM Mode Example To draw a line perpendicular to the x axis from point x y 2 6 on the graph y 3x Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 2 Ymin 2 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Yscl 2 1 After drawing the graph use the procedure under To plot points to move the pointer to x y 2 0 then use the cursor key to move the pointer on the graph y 3x am Fa SKTCH F3 Plot QO mewD n 2e0384 T 6 0869 2 Display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to draw a straight line between the two points oT Fa SKTCH F4 Line Ba The above draws a straight line between the current pointer location and the previo
19. us pointer location eTo draw vertical and horizontal lines The procedures presented here draw vertical and horizontal lines that pass through a specific coordinate In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Example To draw a vertical line on the graph of y x x 2 x 2 1 After graphing the function display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to display the pointer and draw a vertical line through its current loca tion Fa SKTCH F Vert 69 Graphing Chapter 4 4 2 Use the and cursor keys to move the line left and right and press Exe to draw the line at the current location O 20512 Y 0 N To draw a horizontal line simply press F2 Hztl in place of Fi Vert and use the and cursor keys to move the horizontal line on the display In the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for drawing vertical and horizontal lines in these modes To draw a vertical line Vertical lt x coordinate gt To draw a horizontal line Horizontal lt y coordinate gt eTo clear drawn lines and points The following operation clears all drawn lines and points from the screen In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Lines and points drawn using sketch menu functions are temporary Display the sketch menu and press Fi Cls to clear drawn lines and points leaving only the original graph In the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for clearing drawn lines and poin
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