LS-71 Hardware User`s Manual 16/32
Contents
1. 3 1 2 Reference Voltage Menu The Reference Voltage Manu shown right allows the user to select the output voltage range for all channels of a specific LS 71 card Both unipolar and bipolar output voltage ranges are available The available ranges listed below include 2 5 Vdc to 2 5 Vde 5 0 Vdc to 5 0 Vdc 10 0 Vdc to 10 0 Vdc 0 Vdc to 5 0 Vde 0 Vdc to 10 0 Vdc AS SS U710102 Lumistar Inc File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark FE 2 5 425 5 0 5 0 Y 10 0 10 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 10 0 Figure 3 6 Reference Voltage Menu Page 16 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 3 1 3 Calibrate Function The Calibrate function is used to drive all the channels on a particular LS 71 card to certain positions This is done to align and or adjust the behavior of strip chart recorders or other such devices used to monitor the analog signals produced by the LS 71 Several permutations of the DAC CARD X CALIBRATION window are shown below in Figure 3 7 The particular window displayed will be a function of the type of Deflection mode selected DAC CARD 2 CALIBRATION x Figure 3 7 Calibrate Menus As shown above the user may select one of the following deflection modes 1 Min Deflect Drives all outputs to 0 10 or 5 volts the minimum output of the LS 71 as specified by the Ref Voltage see paragraph 3 1 2 on page 16 2 Va Defl2. LS 71 Hardware User s Manual 16 32 Channel Analog Output Document U710102 Editor D Spielman Date 8 09 2006 Release Rev 1 Lumistar Inc 2701 Loker Ave West Suite 230 Carlsbad CA 92010 760 431 2181 www lumi star com This document is the intellectual property of Lumistar Inc The document contains proprietary and confidential information Reproduction disclosure or distribution of this document is prohibited without the explicit written consent of Lumistar Inc This document is provided as is with no warranties of any kind Lumistar Inc disclaims and excludes all other warranties and product liability expressed or implied including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use liability for negligence in manufacture or shipment of product liability for injury to persons or property or for any incidental consequential punitive or exemplary damages In no event will Lumistar Inc be liable for any lost revenue or profits or other indirect incidental and consequential damages even if Lumistar Inc has been advised of such possibilities as a result of this document or the usage of items described within The entire liability of Lumistar Inc shall be limited to the amount paid for this document and its contents RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND Use duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions set forth in
3. Tag amp TABLE2 Lookup using Table2 TABLE2 gt gt 10 Lumistar Inc Page 42 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Lookup Table Space looks Like this Tables 1 and 2 are linear Table 3 is of course so nonlinear it suggests more bits were needed for the input parameter 10100 0000 Tablel 10101 0040 10101 0080 101FF 3FC0 10200 3FC0 Table2 10201 3F80 102FE 0040 102FF 0000 10300 0000 Tables 10301 0800 10302 OCAD 10303 1000 10304 1293 10305 14AE 10306 1675 10307 1800 10308 195B 10309 1A93 103FD 3FE9 103FE 3FF4 103FF 3FFF U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 43 6 27 2006
4. 3 1 4 Mark Control eisai ters tarda A as 18 3 1 5 Decom Setup ad da 18 Bledel hani ipi aaa 19 3 1 5 2 Edit Channel Dialog BOX iii 20 3152 Word Function Types ima 22 3 1 5 2 2 Offset Binary amp 2 s Complement Word FormatsS lt 23 3 1 5 2 3 Concatenate A am amn washes 23 3 1 5 2 4 Formula Expression Dialog BOX iii 24 9 15525 Bit Event Dialog BOX a 26 4 PROGRAMMING INFORMATION cccccsccssscssscscscscsscsscsssscsessscssscssecsscses 27 4 1 INTRODUCTION wi NA AA 27 AD LOCATINGA PCL DEVICE ER rel eee 27 4 3 REGISTER SUMMARIES ias a 29 LA GENERA Ata 30 4 5 REGISTERS carr ii 30 4 5 1 Board IONES a 30 4 5 2 Identifier Register A dos 30 4 5 3 DIAC CONOR EO ISICL eres aie clare n a E a AE erate A wontons 30 4 5 4 Configuration REIGN casa 32 4 5 5 Word Selector Control Register css 32 4 5 6 Bankswitch Register ce os E aa aE D 32 4 5 7 Low Data Registers ciccactisigntedaveGieiahatrssleieeti a tendajnuseieed mwanam 33 4 5 8 High Data Registers x tin sisal A ea eo OT 33 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 3 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual 4 6 MEMORIA uE 33 4 7 IPHICOSOPELY id atada 34 4 8 THE WORD SELECTOR STACK MACHINE csccccccsssccecessssceceesssecesssnnceesssseseeees 37 4 8 1 ANS THUCTIONS ida 37 4 8 2 MICHO KA mp UU Awa 39 4 9 ANENA MPE AS anret 40 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 4 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual List of Tables Table 1 1 LS 71 Family Components amp Part Numbe
5. Ox0OF believe it or not this works BOxx WRQ DACNUM4 4 9 An Example Providing a real LS 71 example takes a lot of boilerplate In the beginning there is a format definition arbitrarily chosen as 8 bit words 20 words per frame 16 frames per major frame counting 0 15 Measurement W is Tag 5 Word 4 of all frames supercom interval 4 Measurement X is Tag 6 Word 5 of all frames U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 40 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Measurement Y is Tag 7 Word 7 of even frames Measurement Z is Tag 8 Word 7 of odd frames Measurement W goes to DAC 2 in raw form with no EU conversion Measurement X goes to DAC 0 The EU is Y 106 3 Logjo x 1 Measurement Y goes to DAC 1 The EU is Y X Measurement Z goes to DAC 3 The EU is Y X 255 All EU conversions normalized for domain and range of 0 255 to go with the data Lookup Tables here are 256 entries because they need be only as deep as data is wide Lookup Table 1 implements Y X and is placed arbitrarily at WORD address 10100 Lookup Table 2 implements Y X 255 at WORD address 10200 Lookup Table 3 implements Y 106 3 Log o x 1 at WORD address 10300 The decommutator is set to output left aligned data The DAC card has 32 DACs present The analog output range is 0 10V Set the DAC Control Register to 0x85 Tag 0 is reserved for unselected data Up to 64K WORDS could be reserved for a single lookup at the
6. usual case the LSBs are considered to be a data value They re loaded into what s called the T for Top register in the word selector Then another 18 bit RAM address is formed looking like this 00 Owww wwww wwww www where w is the 15 MSBs of the word counter A RAM cycle takes place One byte of the RAM data is selected high byte if LSB of word counter XOR BIGEND 1 else low byte The result t is loaded into an 18 bit program counter like this 00 11tt tttt tt00 0000 Then the word counter is incremented There are thus 256 possible starting points for processing The word selector then starts running the program at the address in the program counter Each time the program counter is used it is incremented so instructions are fetched from consecutive addresses like a regular computer The word selector runs along fetching and executing instructions These instructions do whatever to manipulate the data in the T register Eventually near the end there s usually an instruction in the form q011 00x0 000d dddd d is a d a channel number This results in the 14 LSBs of the T register being written in the direction of DAC d That data and d is written to another FIFO whose output is watched by the actual DAC controller When the word selector executes an instruction with the q bit set it idles after that instruction and waits on the FIFO again One program space needs to start with a QUIT instruction Any data item not
7. Interval The minor frame interval of the selected decommutator word as defined in the decommutator setup c Word The word number of the selected decommutator word as defined in the decommutator setup U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 21 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information d Word Interval The word interval of the selected decommutator word as defined in the decommutator setup e Word Length The number of bits in the selected decommutator word as defined in the decommutator setup f Word Mask The word mask is applied to the selected decommutator word and is entered as a hex value Also if a math function will use a bit in the decommutator word the user should ensure that the bit is also set in the mask To use all bits set the mask to OxFFFF 3 1 5 2 1 Word Function Types The specified channel can have the data output from the decommutator adjusted by several methods and expressed in several formats as follows Offset Binary 2 s Complement Concat Formula Expression Bit Event Figure 3 11 Word Function Types Concatenate Two decommutator words are concatenated as follows Wordl amp Formula An extremely powerful capability where the user selects a specific word from the decommutator and applies a formula using the math engine see paragraph 3 1 5 2 4 on page 24 The formula is applied to the decommutator output prior to Bit Event This is a simple
8. be changed to activate three additional low order bits of the bankswitch register to place the bus window in 16Kbytes of MS DOS real memory space The user s system may not allow this mode but Lumistar uses it for testing purposes 2 2 Physical Installation The LS 71 PCI card can be installed in any physical slot where it fits Remove and discard the blanking plate from the chosen slot and carefully insert the card 2 3 Indicators The LS 71 card has four chip LED indicators along its top edge These are board ID indicators connected to a static register and are intended for use by device drivers in environments where multiple LS 71 cards are present to identify which card is which 2 4 Interface 2 4 1 Analog Output The LS 71 card uses a 68 pin connector for analog output Pin assignments are shown in Table 2 1 The optional LS 71 PA signal breakout box shown in Figure 2 1 on page 10 may be used to access individual analog channels The breakout box assembly may be mounted in a standard 19 inch wide panel and comes with an interconnecting cable for connector J1 68 pin Under no circumstances should the user plug a SCSI device into this 68 pin connector U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 9 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Installation Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Analog Output 0 35 Analog Output 16
9. in the range 0x20 0x5E update a Low Data register If this is an 8 bit write 8 LSBs of data to be written directly to a physical DAC and it doesn t matter which address if in range If this is a 16 bit write 14 LSBs are used and D A updates now Register number twice D A channel number 0x20 4 5 8 High Data Registers Writes to odd register numbers in the range 0x21 0x5F update a physical DAC The value is the 6 LSBs concatenated to the last Low Data Register value written Register number twice D A channel number 0x21 4 6 Memory Map The Word Selector memory is segmented up as shown in Table 4 7 on page 34 Most of the time the word selector treats this memory as organized into segments of 64K 16 bit WORDS so it is documented as word addressed here The word WORD in all caps implies 16 bits of data and when used in conjunction with memory implies a 16 bit address Addresses in the table are WORD ranges so when one accesses the memory from the bus one needs to multiply all these addresses by 2 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 33 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information WORD Range Definition 0x00000 0x07FFF Lookup to convert word in major frame to tag This part is organized as 64K bytes Even words in low byte odd words in high unless BIGEND set 0x08000 0x083FF Lookup to convert word of first word in Frame frame to start byte address in abov
10. it the original contents of that register are copied to the register behind it etc ADD and AND are binary operations meaning they need two operands These instructions take the values of T and N as their operands and leave their result in T Simultaneously N is loaded from the register behind it that register is loaded from the register behind it etc The original values of T and N are lost When the program for a tag starts it can assume only that raw data from the input is in T The program runs until a QUIT appears then the word selector goes back and waits for the next data item So untagged words execute a program consisting only of a QUIT 4 8 1 Instructions Program instructions are written into the 64 WORD program space for the Tag starting at offset 0 The area at the end of each program space typically only the last location is reserved as a scratch location Instructions are divided into OP 8 MSBs and K 8 LSBs fields There s not that many opcodes They follow by OP field in a numeric sequence U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 37 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Some instructions implicitly specify operand s and do not use the K field For others K is a small address offset or a constant The LOADL instruction needs a 16 bit operand so it occupies two instruction locations Opcode Mn
11. method to deflect the channel to scale if a specific bit 1 Offset Binary Essentially the raw output data from the decommutator applied to the LS 71 after any defined mask is applied 2 Twos Compliment The raw output data from the decommutator is expressed in twos compliment format after any defined mask is applied 3 Mask1 lt lt bits in Word2 Word2 amp Mask2 4 going to the LS 71 5 is set to TRUE 1 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 22 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 3 1 5 2 2 Offset Binary amp 2 s Complement Word Formats Offset Binary Representation is a method for representing signed Signed Offset numbers and is popular in A D and D A conversions To represent a Integer Binary binary number as offset binary begin calculating by assigning half 5 1000 0101 of the largest possible number as the zero value A positive integer 4 1000 0100 then is represented as the absolute value of the integer added to the F 1000 0011 zero number A negative integer is represented as the absolute value 2 1000 0010 of the integer subtracted from the zero number 1 1000 0001 0 1000 0000 For example 1 0111 1111 ran 8 2 0111 1110 Largest value for 8 bit integer 2 256 3 0111 1101 Offset binary zero value 256 2 128 decimal 1000 0000 binary 4 0111 1100 5 0111 1
12. subparagraph c 1 Gi of the rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause in DFARS 252 227 7013 Lumistar Inc and its logo are trademarks of Lumistar Inc All other brand names and product names contained in this document are trademarks registered trademarks or trade names of their respective holders 2006 Lumistar Inc All rights reserved Lumistar Inc 2701 Loker Avenue West Suite 230 Carlsbad CA 92010 760 431 2181 760 431 2665 Fax www lumi star com LS 71 User s Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION iniciar as 6 1 1 GENERAL ii Ad 6 1 2 MANUAL FORMAT AND CONVENTIONS scssssssrseossorsotesesessesensrsossonserscessenscenaes 6 1 3 COMPONENTS AND PART NUMBERS FOR THE LS 71 FAMILY wsmemesa 7 14 SOFTWARE SUPPORT ecards di An aia 7 1 5 SPECIFICATIONS Li A EAN A AAA sia cet ele A 8 2 INSTALLATION 00d oo stualiasccusobactssacdsnectnessssuacarsaseaeadetieeease 9 2 1 ADDRESSING Uri na ds 9 22 PHYSICAL INSTALLATION A ER En Edessa RER 9 2 3 INDICATORS dni a Id his edt ANA Seas AA a ee 9 ZA INTERFACES O EA aL Oiesaln ae ees 9 2 4 1 Analog OM ii ot 9 2 4 2 Worda Se TO PARDO A do did 11 3 OPERATION OF THE LS 71 WITH THE LDPS SOFTWARE s 12 3 1 CONFIGURING THE LS 71 HARDWARE 14 3 1 1 File Menu A A E O emacs seme Me engen En 15 3 1 2 Reference Voltage Menu wim cs cates inact A AS 16 3 1 3 Calibrate FIC ION cs Noreen Cad caine A oan cate maa a ete naa drag 17
13. this function type can be summarized as follows 1 The selected decommutator word is collected from the decommutator 2 The selected decommutator word is logically anded with the mask bits specified by the user U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 25 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 3 Prior to the load process of the LS 71 the formula entered by the user is pre solved by the math engine for every possible bit combination of the raw decommutator word which is the word length of the word or 14 bits which ever is less The individual results are populated in the look up table during the load process and during operation the value derived in step 2 above will drive the look up table 4 The result of step 3 above is multiplied by the scale factor determined by the result of Max Scaled Value Min Scaled Value 5 The result is output to the LS 71 channel 3 1 5 2 5 Bit Event Dialog Box The Bit Event dialog box is shown in Figure 3 14 below When the Bit Event function type is selected the Event Bit field is added to the Word Attributes area as indicated below via the red oval The Bit Event function is a simple method to deflect the channel to scale if a specific bit is set to TRUE 1 To select the bit number that will trigger the event right click in the Word Attributes area and select Event Bit from the list Enter the bit position in the resulting dialog box and click OK DAC 2 1571 CHAN
14. was encountered For certain calculated parameters the resultants are often compared to minimum and maximum values of the parameter For example if the decommutator word represents a pitch U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 24 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information angle the user might specify 90 0 degrees for the minimum value The result of the calculation will produce a minimum deflection on the LS 71 channel when 90 0 or less is solved To enter the Min and Max Scaled values place the mouse cursor next to the labels and right click Select the Minimum Scaled Value or Maximum Scaled Value and enter the values in the input box Note that the Min and Max Scaled values may not be entered if the Unity Gain check box is selected DAC 2 1571 CHANNEL 1 Decom Word Info For Formula Variable VAR 487 SNDE O Help Section EX conditional IF VAR gt 35 0 THEN 1 0 ELSEIF WAR lt 117 0 THEN 2 0 ELSE VAR 2 Figure 3 13 Formula Expression Dialog Box If the user wishes to normalize the results of the calculation then the Unity Gain check box should be selected red rectangle in the figure above When selected the application will solve for the Max Scaled Value and the Min Scaled Value In this scenario the Max Scaled Value will become 2 1 and the Min Scaled Value will become 0 0 The processing of the channel prior to output to the LS 71 using
15. 00 nominal Resolution 0 000122V all output ranges Relative Channel Accuracy 1 Linearity 1 LSB Update Rate Per Output Channel 750ksps Per Input Port Raw 2 5MW Processed 1 5MW Per Card 5MW Reset System reset sets all outputs to OV Software reset sets all outputs to midscale Processing a Scaled Raw Data Output b EU conversion by table lookup Lookup tables are decoupled from output channels and may be any size 2 where 1 lt n lt 16 not to exceed 211 968 total table entries Calibration System software controlled n step sequence n lt 4096 Power Dissipation TBD Form Factor Full length PCI slot Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 8 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Installation 2 Installation 2 1 Addressing The LS 71 16 32 Channel Analog Output PCI card occupies both PCI I O space and memory space No address switch is used the address is determined by the system The LS 71 card occupies128 bytes of I O space The LS 71 will respond to any access in its I O space Accesses to the first byte will return an ASCII identifier string The amount of memory space taken up by the LS 71 depends on its memory addressing mode DAC cards are normally shipped in a flat addressing mode where four bits of a bankswitch register map the on board memory into a 128Kbyte bus window in PCI memory space The configuration can
16. 011 The Two s complement representation allows the Integer use of binary arithmetic operations on signed Si 2 s Complement i REE R E igned Unsigned integers yielding the correct 2 s complement qe 5 5 0000 0101 results Positive 2 s complement numbers are 4 4 0000 0100 represented as the simple binary Negative 2 s 3 3 0000 0011 complement numbers are represented as the binary ER 2 2 0000 0010 number that when added to a positive number of i 1 1 0000 0001 the same magnitude equals zero Note The most significant leftmost bit indicates the sign of the 0 0 0000 0000 integer therefore it is sometimes called the sign 1 255 EE bit 2 254 1111 1110 3 253 1111 1101 To calculate the 2 s complement of an integer 4 252 1111 1100 invert the binary equivalent of the number by 5 251 1111 1011 changing all of the ones to zeroes and all of the zeroes to ones also called 1 s complement and then add one If the sign bit is zero then the number is greater than or equal to zero or positive If the sign bit is one then the number is less than zero or negative 3 1 5 2 3 Concatenate Function The Concatenate Function dialog box is shown in Figure 3 12 on page 24 The resulting concatenation stores the result in the MSWord or LSWord selected by the user and is then output The two decommutator words are concatenated as follows Word1 amp Mask1 lt lt bits in Word2 Word2 amp Mask2 Note lt lt in the above
17. 2 Ground 36 Ground 3 Analog Output 1 37 Analog Output 17 4 Ground 38 Ground 5 Analog Output 2 39 Analog Output 18 6 Ground 40 Ground 7 Analog Output 3 41 Analog Output 19 8 Ground 42 Ground 9 Analog Output 4 43 Analog Output 20 10 Ground 44 Ground 11 Analog Output 5 45 Analog Output 21 12 Ground 46 Ground 13 Analog Output 6 47 Analog Output 22 14 Ground 48 Ground 15 Analog Output 7 49 Analog Output 23 16 Ground 50 Ground 17 Analog Output 8 51 Analog Output 24 18 Ground 52 Ground 19 Analog Output 9 53 Analog Output 25 20 Ground 54 Ground 21 Analog Output 10 55 Analog Output 26 22 Ground 56 Ground 23 Analog Output 11 57 Analog Output 27 24 Ground 58 Ground 25 Analog Output 12 59 Analog Output 28 26 Ground 60 Ground 27 Analog Output 13 61 Analog Output 29 28 Ground 62 Ground 29 Analog Output 14 63 Analog Output 30 30 Ground 64 Ground 31 Analog Output 15 65 Analog Output 31 32 Ground 66 Ground 33 Ground 67 Ground 34 Ground 68 Ground Figure 2 1 Optional LS 71 PA16 32 Signal Break Out Panel U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 10 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Installation 2 4 2 Word Selector Input The LS 71 has one word selector input J3 J3 is a 40 pin 0 1 pitch dual inline header The header has latching ejectors intended for insulation displacement cable connectors sans strain relief The pinout and signaling is compatible with the J2 Over the Top Bus OTB parallel output connector on Lumistar PCM de
18. B5 SI index 3 Issue a software interrupt 0x1A If the system returns from interrupt with the carry flag set any such devices are already located and no more exist Skip out of the scanning routine If the carry flag is clear the BIOS call will have returned a handle in BX U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 27 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 4 If the carry flag was clear read the sub identifier Set registers 5 AX 0xB10A BX handle SI 0x2C Issue another software interrupt 0x1A The interrupt returns a value in ECX If the value returned is OxDACOBOOB the handle points to a LS 71 card and other configuration registers may be accessed to obtain the base addresses Otherwise skip to step 7 Set registers as shown below Register numbers are Register 0x10 PLX9080 Runtime Registers Memory Address Register 0x14 PLX9080 Runtime Registers I O Address Register 0x18 PCI DAC Memory Window Address Register 0x1C PCI DAC Register Address Register 0x3C PCI DAC IRQ Number for DMA only AX OxB10A BX handle SI register number Issue another software interrupt 0x1A The value returned in ECX is the register value When reading the IRQ Number register only the eight LSBs are important They are the IRQ 8259 number assigned to the PCI interrupt If these bits are OxFF the system was unable to assign an interrupt for some reason The LS 71 card generates no interru
19. Client The Server program is used to setup and acquire data from various sources The server formats the data into a normalized format archives it and then pass the data on to the client application for further processing and or display The Client is mainly a data processing and presentation program with hooks to allow new display and processing routines to be added by the user The server and client applications can run together on the same computing platform or on different platforms interconnected via a Local Area Network LAN Wide Area Network WAN or the Internet This user s manual will focus primarily on the server side application The LS 71 is designed to be used in conjunction with the Lumistar LS 50 P Multifunction PCM Decommutator board and uses an over the top communication bus directly from the decommutator to the LS 71 to avoid any glitches in the analog outputs due to PCI bus activity The LS 71 design allows two LS 50 P Multifunction boards to be used with a single LS 71 board allowing tagged data from either data stream to be directed to any LS 71 channel To initially configure the LS 71 perform the following steps l 2 Run the LDPS server program and from the System menu shown below select Devices and then Manage System Devices Manage From the System Manager shown below left select the Enable check box next to the LS71 button The Ls71_ 8x button will then become
20. Figure 3 13 Formula Expression Dialog BoX ccescseccssecesecseeeeeeseeeeceseeeaeceeeaeeeneenees 25 Figure 3 14 Bit Event Dialog BOX cin ia 26 Figure 4 1 LS Block Dia ha iii 35 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 5 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Introduction 1 Introduction 1 1 General The Lumistar LS 71 16 32 Channel Analog Output PCI card enables real time displays of rapidly changing data using strip chart displays and similar technology Table Lookup techniques permit virtually any linear or nonlinear Engineering Unit EU conversion between the data and the Digital Analog Converter DAC Outputs The LS 71 supports in the base configuration one decommutator parallel output port and up to 32 analog output channels provided in groups of sixteen The Word Selector at the input port works for telemetry formats with up to 64K Words Major Frame Lookup tables may be any power of two in length up to 64K A generous format memory allows space for over two hundred thousand lookup table entries which may be either dedicated or shared among the outputs The word selector can also be programmed to concatenate segmented parameters together prior to referencing lookup tables For quick test setups the word selector can send scaled raw data from the input directly to the outputs without EU conversion Individual bits can be selected to simulate latched event outputs A scheme of logical and physical channel numbers permits up to fou
21. NEL 1 Decom Word Info Figure 3 14 Bit Event Dialog Box U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 26 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 4 Programming Information 4 1 Introduction This chapter is targeted to authors of device drivers API s and telemetry applications who will need to know what all the bits do The LS 71 is controlled by an array of eight bit registers each identified by a register number This was done to ease moving the implementation across different form factors and addressing schemes 4 2 Locating a PCI Device PCI components do not have fixed address assignments At system startup a power on routine scans the computer for PCI interfaces and assigns system resources such as address space to them On non PC architectures the user may run into Big Little Endian issues Be mindful of this while troubleshooting Each PCI component is assigned an array of sixty four 32 bit registers in what is referred to as configuration space This area is normally not accessible anywhere in system address space and must be accessed by special means that are system dependent To locate a LS 71 card in your system perform the following 1 Initialize an index value to zero This index is allowed to grow as large as 255 by the PCI specification but in practice never get this large 2 To locate PCI9080 chips set machine registers AX 0xB102 CX 0x9080 DX 0x10
22. active not grayed out Note the red rectangle around the button this indicates that the application has not yet started Note also the Sim check box next to the Enable check box Checking this box allows the LDPS application to operate when a LS 71 board is not installed in the system From the System Manager click the Ls71_ 8x button This will launch the Ls71_ 8x DAC display shown below right Note that the red rectangle around the button has changed to green indicating that the application is now running To setup and configure the LS 71 card s follow the procedures outlined in paragraphs 3 1 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 12 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information K LDPS Server Ver 8 24 Pro IDLE System Edit Project View Start Client Tools About System Time t System Setup Int Control View System Setup Mark Device Manager ud LdpsexCustomserial mM SEAIS JI a 7 LdpsexCustomiNonser al m Figure 3 2 LDPS Server Application Windows U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 13 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 3 1 Configuring The LS 71 Hardware From the Ls71 8x DAC display shown below center in Figure 3 3 click Setup and then Stream 1 Setup Stream 1 The resulting DAC Card Number X Setup display shown below left in Figure 3 3 is divided into several regions To invoke the controls for this
23. ber 2 Setup DEMO File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark Save Save As Recall DAC Card Number 2 Setup DEMO File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark 219 ven F29 5 0 5 0 Y 10 0 10 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 10 0 Figure 3 4 The LS 71 Configuration Menus The LS 71 hardware configuration display shown above in Figure 3 4 has four menu items File Ref Voltage Calibrate and Mark Both File and Ref Voltage have sub menus the others don t All of the LS 71 hardware configuration functions are described in more detail in the following paragraphs 3 1 1 File Menu The File Menu options are shown in Figure 3 5 on page 16 The File Menu allows the user to Recall previously defined LS 71 hardware configurations for streams in the system The configuration s may be used as is or the user may change and Save the configuration changes to the current file or Save As to a new different file After a configuration file has been recalled and or saved the name of the file will appear in the title bar of the window as shown in Figure 3 4 above left red oval Note the file extension LSDAC for the LS 71 hardware configuration file U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 15 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information History E Desktop ZA My Documents My Computet My Computer Cua Ja My Network P Figure 3 5 File Menu Options
24. ce 4 3 Register Summaries Registers appear at the I O address obtained by adding the register number to the I O register address Register bit assignments are summarized in the following tables and discussed in detail later on in this chapter In many cases read and write bit assignments for the same register are different Bits defined with a dash are meaningless All register numbers are hexadecimal Table 4 1 and Table 4 2 are memory aids for the programmer Many bit names have been shortened for typographical purposes and have different longer mnemonics elsewhere in this narrative Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Board ID 00 Board Number DAC Control 02 Dac32 DACNUM OFFSET SCALE WordSel Control 04 B End DEPTH RUN Bankswitch 06 OVRD WSSEL BANK PAGE DAC 0 Data 20 Direct Write DAC Data LSBs 21 Direct Write DAC Data MSBs DAC n Data through 22 ala 20 21 Register 0x20 2x DAC 5F Register 7 6 5 4 392011 Oo IES Identifier 00 o LSDAC Configuration 02 NDACS Wsel3 Wsel2 Wselt Wsel0 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 29 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 44 General The LS 71 has two functional groups One group is one or more word selectors Each word selector connects to a parallel data source i e a PCM decommutat
25. commutator systems and shown in Table 2 3 It is possible to connect up to four LS 71 cards daisy chaining through their J3 connectors Pin 1 of the Lumistar decom output connector is located at the end with the J2 designator For earlier decoms the cable between decommutator and DAC will need a half twist For more complex systems where the LS 71 card is to also be driven from a second PCM decommutator an optional additional word selector is available This second word selector input is J5 and has the same pinout as J3 Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Ground 2 Ground 3 OD1 4 OD9 5 OD2 6 OD10 7 OD3 8 OD11 9 OD4 10 OD12 11 OD5 12 0D13 13 OD6 14 OD14 15 OD7 16 OD15 17 OD8 18 OD16 19 Ground 20 Ground 21 WdStb 22 Ground 23 FrmStb 24 Ground 25 MFStb 26 Ground 27 Clock 28 Ground 29 1stBIT 30 Ground 31 Not Used 32 Ground 33 Not Used 34 Ground 35 Ground 36 Ground 37 Ground 38 Ground 39 Ground 40 Ground U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 11 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 3 Operation of the LS 71 With The LDPS Software The Lumistar LS 71 16 32 Channel Analog Output Card can be set up and controlled by using the Lumistar Data Processing System LDPS software shown below left Figure 3 1 LDPS Setup Display for the LS 71 The LDPS is composed of two major application programs the Server and the
26. ded The rest of the word selector looks for a non empty state at this FIFO If empty it idles Otherwise the oldest word is read out U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 34 6 27 2006 Programming Information LS 71 User s Manual 13319414 338330 F2Teos To13u09 ahuey I3TTO12U0 d 43 eng ea ua1s Ag XOQTTEH UOTABIATTEJ 10303T28 prop oma 10 340 WITH pa1e9133qfneg Teuotado Aroma 18104 ITISMYATAY AJTIU3PI i ewa ur eeg TS3TTB1Bd 10323T38 prog puz Teuotado AX0U3H emod ITISMYATAY AJTIU3PI i ewa JA UI Sled TS3TTB1B4 10393138 prop Figure 4 1 LS 71 Block Diagram Lumistar Inc Page 35 U710102 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information If the flag bit is set which it will be the first time and once a frame thereafter the LSBs how many is controlled by the F08 and F10 bits are stretched into an 18 bit number that looks like this 00 1000 ooff ffff ffff fis bits from FIFO This number is used to address RAM The part of RAM starting at address 0x08000 index is loaded with 1 frame_length index When the card is loaded location 0x08000 is 1 0x08001 is 1 words per frame 0x08002 is 1 twice words per frame etc A RAM cycle takes place and the value is loaded into a 16 bit word counter Then the word selector idles and waits for the FIFO again If the flag bit is clear
27. display simply select a particular menu item or place the mouse curser in the region and right click The resulting menus are shown in Figure 3 4 on page 15 are discussed in detail in the following paragraphs Ls71_9 Yor 1 98 DAC SIMULATION DAC Card Number 2 Setup DEMO File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark Figure 3 3 LDPS Configuration Menus Controls for the LS 71 The Ls71_8x DAC display shown above center in Figure 3 3 has three menu items System Setup and Mark as indicated by red oval For each LS 71 card installed the number of channels per card has will also be displayed In the example discussed here two 16 channel LS 71 cards are installed Selecting the Mark item will deflect the output to 0 scale then scale then 0 scale for each channel on all LS 71 cards installed To associate each stream in the system with the corresponding hardware click System and then Flash Board ID Leds System Flash Board ID Leds Select the stream number from the drop down list and the board ID LEDs of the corresponding LS 71 card will begin to flash several times U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 14 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information To setup the LS 71 hardware for each stream click Setup and then Stream 1 Setup Stream 1 The resulting DAC Card Number X Setup display is shown above left in Figure 3 3 DAC Card Num
28. e table so if there is a flitch the card can recover without waiting for the next major frame 0x08400 0x BFFF Accessible unused You can put some EU LUTs here 0x0C000 0x0C03F Program Space for Tag 0 Program starts at offset 0 By convention the WORD at offset 0x3F is reserved for SAVE instruction operand address 0x0C040 0x0FFFF Program Space for Tags 1 255 organized ala CODO CO3F 0x10000 0x1FFFF Space for LUTs divided as needed Tables don t have to be 2 WORDS long but nothing else makes sense 0x20000 0x2FFFF Space for more tables 0x03000 0x3FFFF Space for yet more tables 4 7 Philosophy The block diagram of the LS 71 is shown in Figure 4 1 on page 35 In simple terms the LS 71 has a FIFO hooked up to the Over The Board OTB connector A bit of logic in one corner of the Word Selector controls the FIFO A latch is cleared when RUN is turned off When RUN is set the latch stays cleared until a minor FRAME STROBE comes in the OTB connector That sets the latch If the latch is set a WORD STROBE 1 1 2 bits into the word clocks the OTB DATA into the FIFO But at FRAME STROBE time the FIFO is first clocked an extra time during the first bit The significance of this is OTB DATA is the minor frame number during the first bit of each word The FIFO is seventeen bits wide Sixteen are connected to OTB DATA The 17 bit is a flag set when the frame number is loa
29. ect Drives all outputs to one fourth of the maximum output of the LS 71 3 Y Deflect Drives all outputs to one half of the maximum output of the LS 71as specified by the Ref Voltage 4 Ya Deflect Drives all outputs to three fourths of the maximum output of the LS 71las specified by the Ref Voltage 5 Max Deflect Drives all outputs to the maximum output of the LS 71as specified by the Ref Voltage U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 17 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 6 Variable Deflect Displays a slider bar that allows the user to control the output to any range between minimum deflection and maximum deflection as specified by the Ref Voltage 7 Timed Step Allows the user to set the duration in seconds and the number of steps to deflect the channels from minimum deflection to maximum deflection 3 1 4 Mark Control Selecting the Mark item will deflect the output to 0 scale then 3 4 scale then 0 scale for each channel on all LS 71 cards installed 3 1 5 Decom Setup Below the menus in the LS 71 hardware configuration display shown below left in Figure 3 8 is the decommutator information and setup area This area displays the decom setup for a particular stream number The user may individually enter modify each of the parameters shown in the display and save them permanently using the File command see paragraph 3 1 1 on page 15 The user may also recall a previously defined LS 50 dec
30. egister A bankswitch arrangement is needed to provide enough address bits to map the LS 71 on board memory up to 2Mbytes may be present into the bus memory window Several units of measure for memory size are implied here One Page is 16Kbytes of memory This is the amount of memory accessible at a time for a card in Page Mode One Bank is eight Pages This is the amount of memory accessible at a time for a card in Flat Mode One WordSelector is four Banks The LS 71 PCI card has at least one and may optionally have up to four U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 32 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Bit Mnemonic Description 0 2 PAGE Selects a Page in the selected Bank of the selected WordSelector This field is meaningless if the card is in Flat mode 3 4 BANK Selects a Bank in the selected WordSelector 5 6 WSSEL Selects a WordSelector Accesses are meaningful only if the WordSelector is physically present its WSEL bit in the configuration register must be 0 7 OVERRIDE Has no effect on memory reads For memory writes overrides the WSSEL field so data is written to all word selectors simultaneously You may set this bit during initialization and when loading EU lookup tables if you want to share them among multiple data sources 4 5 7 Low Data Registers Individual outputs may be set by writing to the Data registers Writes to even register numbers
31. emonic Description 0x00 NOP No op Doesn t do anything K ignored 0x80 QUIT Quits processing Tag K ignored 0x10 SRL Shifts T right logically K bits Only 4 LSBs of K have meaning 0x11 SRC Shifts T right circularly K bits Only 4 LSBs of K have meaning 0x12 SRA Shifts T right arithmetically K bits Only 4 LSBs of K have meaning 0x20 AND T is replaced by the logical AND of T and N The stack is popped and N discarded K ignored 0x21 ADD Same as AND except returns arithmetic sum Carry status from the add saved in a CF flag K ignored 0x22 POP The stack is popped and T is discarded K ignored 0x23 XOR Same as AND except T is replaced with logical EXCLUSIVE OR ot T and N K ignored 0x30 WR T is copied out to logical D A channel K K 0 127 meaningful 0x32 WRP Save as WR except stack is popped and T is discarded OxBO WRQ Same as WR except QUITs afterward 0x40 JZ Continue processing with next following instruction if T is non zero Otherwise jump and continue with instruction at K 0 5 0x41 JNZ Like JZ except jump if non zero 0x42 JN Like JZ except jump if T MSB set 0x43 JP Like JZ except jump if T MSB clear 0x44 JC Like JZ except jump if CF set 0x45 JNC Like JZ except jump if CF cleared 0x46 J Like JZ except jump unconditionally 0x48 JT Ends current process and immediately starts the process associated with Tag K Current process must leave a meaningful value in T such as the original raw data for this to be use
32. expression denotes left shift N number of bits where N word length U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 23 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information DAC 2 LS71 CHANNEL 1 xi MSW Decom Word Info LSW Decom Word Info Figure 3 12 Concatenate Dialog Box 3 1 5 2 4 Formula Expression Dialog Box The Formula Expression dialog box is shown in Figure 3 13 on page 25 In addition to the decommutator information see paragraph 3 1 5 2 on page 20 the user also enters the formula that will be applied to the selected decommutator word before it is output There is a help window on the bottom to assist the user in entering the formula In this example the formula entered is indicated by the red oval In specifying the formula the decommutator word becomes the variable The variable name is VAR For example to enter a simple mx b linear equation the user would type VAR 2 0 0 777 where 2 0 is m VAR is x and 0 777 is b The math engine will also allow the user to enter conditional statements To verify the syntax of the formula click the Syntax Check button yellow oval in the figure This will check to ensure that parenthesis and other syntax rules are followed If the formula is valid then NO ERROR will be displayed next to the button If the syntax is invalid then the error message will be displayed next to the button and the cursor will be placed in the position in the formula the error
33. ful 0x50 LOADI Replaces T with WORD at memory location T K bits 6 7 extend address to 18 bits K bits 0 5 are meaningless Either to fetch from LUT or to get value from SAVE when Tag was some other number 0x60 LOADK Pushes stack and sets T from K 8 MSBs of T 0 0x61 LOADL Pushes stack and sets T from next WORD of instruction This is the only 32 bit long instruction K ignored 0x62 COPY Pushes stack and creates another copy of T K ignored 0x70 SAVE Copies T to memory WORD location 0x0C000 0x40 Tag K 6 LSBs By convention set K to Ox3F except for the unlikely need to save more than one different value 0x72 SAVEP Same as SAVE except stack is popped and T is discarded OxFO SAVEQ Same as SAVE except QUITs afterward U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 38 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 4 8 2 Microexamples The instruction set for the LS 71 was designed with the idea that a limited set of operations were to be implemented NOT on the list was real math to do EU conversions The proper place for such calculations is the host computer EU conversions on the LS 71 are implemented via a table lookup see below The user may start with the sample routines below Throwing away unselected data expeditiously takes one instruction 8000 QUIT Executing arbitrary EU conversions from raw data to D A s These are done by table lookup which not only gets rid of the problem of how to describe the
34. henever the user writes to the DAC Control Register all analog outputs are driven to mid scale until updated later U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 30 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Bit Mnemonic Description 0 1 SCALE Control D A output voltage swing 00 14 bit D A s dynamic range 20V 01 13 bit D A s dynamic range 10V 1x 12 bit D A s dynamic range 5v 2 3 OFFSET Sets zero scale output voltage 00 Zero scale D A output 10V 01 Zero scale D A output OV 10 Zero scale D A output 5V 11 Zero scale D A output 2 5V 4 6 DACNUM The D A controller expects the word selector to provide a logical D A channel number in the range 0 127 The four LSBs of logical and physical D A channels are always equal An update happens only if the MSBs of the logical D A number match the DACNUM bits Otherwise the data is discarded This permits identical programming of word selectors when a data source is connected to more than one D A card 7 DACNUM32 If more than 16 physical D A channels set this bit It causes bit 4 of the DACNUM field to be ignored and bit 4 of the logical channel number becomes bit 4 of the physical number SCALE and OFFSET present a variety of nonsense options Meaningful values are 0000 10V 0101 O 10V 0110 0 5V 1001 5V 1110 2 5V Note Setting the DACNUM option can be complex For simplicity set bits 4 7 to 1000 a
35. l be displayed as shown in Figure 3 10 on page 21 The Edit Channel dialog box is where the user specifies the source of the LS 71 data the function to be applied to the channel the decommutator word selection s any masks to be applied and any formulas to be applied NOTE For all channels on a LS 71 card a decommutator word can only be used once for all channels They cannot be repeated For instance the user cannot use Word 1 of Frame 3 in channel 2 and for channel 7 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 20 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information DAC 2 L571 CHANNEL 1 x Decom Word Info Figure 3 10 Edit Channel Dialog Box The Edit Channel Dialog Box elements of Figure 3 10 above are as follows Function Type The selected channel can have the data output from the decommutator adjusted by several methods see paragraph 3 1 5 2 1 on page 22 Decommutator Word Information The user selects a word location from the decommutator that the function type described above will be applied to For the Concatenate function type see paragraph 3 1 5 2 3 on page 23 the user selects two decommutator words The user will also select the Word Selector number that the data coming into the LS 71 will use The specific decommutator word information that the user will specify are as follows a Frame The minor frame number of the selected decommutator word as defined in the decommutator setup b Frame
36. math to the word selector but makes the math itself an offline process The lookup tables are decoupled from the D A channels so they may be shared among them An EU conversion takes 4 instructions 1x0x Shift Something Align MSB according to table size 6100 xxxx LOADL TABLE 2000 ADD 50xx LOADI TABLE gt gt 10 The value of Something is a function of data alignment word length and table size A table 2 WORDS long needs the data converted to an n bit wide index If the data is left aligned the proper shift is an SRL with shift count is 16 n If the data is right aligned the proper shift is an SRC of 16 word length n if n is larger or an SRL with shift count of word length n ifn is smaller A shift of zero can be omitted Concatenating segmented words back together before doing any EU conversions The term concatenation refers to the action of juxtaposing a string L1 bits long with another string L2 long bits to yield a result L1 L2 bits long This is NOT the same as just adding the two bit strings together For this at least two items from the data stream are needed call them T1 and T2 and each must have its own Tag processes One of them for the data item earliest in time runs for Tag T1 and does this 110x SRC Something 6100 xxxx LOADL MASK1 or LOADK if 8 LSBs or less 2100 AND FO3F SAVEQ 0x3F U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 39 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Pr
37. nd proceed Bit Mnemonic Description 0 WSELO If this bit returns 1 the card is broken and nothing read or written will have any meaning 1 WSEL1 Zero if optional second word selector present 2 WSEL2 Zero if optional third word selector present 3 WSEL3 Zero if optional fourth word selector present 4 5 Meaningless 6 7 NDACS Hard coded per number of physical channels present 00 32 01 8 10 16 11 24 U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 31 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 4 54 Configuration Register This register returns the physical card configuration All the defined bits are hard coded 4 5 5 Word Selector Control Register There is actually a separate control register for each Word Selector present but they are all at the same address and are always written at once Bit Mnemonic Description 0 RUN 1 to run data 0 for memory access or calibration If running PCI transactions complete but memory writes are ignored and memory reads return nonsense 1 3 Meaningless 4 5 DEPTH Set per format and data source 00 All frames are alike Format has no major frame structure 01 Frames range 0 255 10 Nonsense 11 Frames range 0 1023 Lumistar decommutators only 6 BIGEND Swaps Tag lookup so even words in high bytes and odd words in low For use with other non APX86 machine architectures 7 Meaningless 4 5 6 Bankswitch R
38. nnel Card Supports one decom LS 71 P16D 16 Channel Card Supports two decoms LS 71 P32 32 Channel Card Supports one decom LS 71 P32D 32 Channel Card Supports two decoms LS 71 PA16 16 Channel Breakout Box Assembly LS 71 PA32 32 Channel Breakout Box Assembly 14 Software Support For Microsoft Windows 98 NT 2000 XP users Lumistar provides an Application Program Interface API for the Analog Output card in the form of a Dynamic Link Library DLL Lumistar also provides the Lumistar Data Processing System LDPS software described in paragraph 3 starting on page 12 The LDPS is composed of two major application programs the Server and the Client The Server program is used to setup and acquire data from various sources The server formats the data into a normalized format archives it and passes the data on to the client application for further processing and or display U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 7 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Introduction 1 5 Specifications Inputs a Direct Processor Write to individual channels b Lumistar Decommutator Systems Parallel Output c Option Up to three more Decommutator Outputs Major Frame Length 65 536 words Outputs Daughtercard 16 Output Channels Outputs 16 Output Channels Option 32 Channels 68 pin Output Connector Output Range Programmable 20V 10V 5V span Zero scale output 10V 5V 2 5V OV Output Impedance 5
39. ogramming Information This process uses a circular shift to get the desired bits from the first data item aligned where they belong in the result MASK1 is a mask with ones only for those desired bits A logical AND then wipes out all but the desired bits The program ends with a SAVEQ which stores the result in memory at the last WORD of the Tag s program space The other process for Tag T2 does something complicated like this Some optimization may be possible but it s hard to describe the circumstances depends on which segment has the LSBs 110x SRC Something 6100 xxxx LOADL MASK2 or LOADK if 8 LSBs or less 2000 AND 6100 xx3F LOADL 0xC03F 0x40 T1 5000 LOADI 0 returns SAVEd value from TI 2100 ADD Insert EU here as needed BOxx WRQ DACNUM1 send data This process shifts and masks data just like the T1 process except it leaves a pattern of bits adjacent in the word The LOADL instruction operand is the WORD address where Tag T1 left its partial result so the LOADI instruction can fetch it An ADD puts the two parts together A logical OR would be more correct but the processor lacks the operation Following that either the raw data can be output or an EU conversion by table lookup can be inserted Realigning data for raw updates without EUs For left aligned data the program is 2 instructions 1002 SRL 2 BOxx WRO DACNUM4 For right aligned data the program is different 110x SRC WORDLEN 14
40. om setup file by double clicking in decom setup area or right clicking and selecting the Set To Decom Setup button The resulting file dialog box is shown below right in Figure 3 8 red oval Note the file extension B50 for the LS 50 decommutator open ls DAC Card Number 1 Setup DEMO P 3 E Look in EQDDbase e e EK File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark amp D esktop My Documents My Computer ge e File name My Network P Files of type File Type B50 Figure 3 8 Decom Setup The parameters displayed in the decom setup area include A Num Frames Set to the number of minor frames per major frame B Words Per Frame Set to the number of words per minor frame C Common Word Length Set to the number of bits in most of the words for the decommutator stream U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 18 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information D Left Aligned Indicate Y N here if the output of the decommutator is set for left aligned data E SFID Start The SFID counts from 0 or 1 DAC Card Number 2 Setup DEMO _ x File Ref Voltage Calibrate Mark Offset Binary Concat Bit Event Bit Number 5 Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary Offset Binary 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O a aoa ao a ao oo EJE TENES EUA
41. or The word selector uses table lookup techniques to choose certain words from the stream of parallel data The word selector then manipulates the values of these words using more table lookup techniques and outputs them in turn The output of the word selector are 14 bit unipolar words each of which has an attached 7 bit logical DAC number The other group on the card consists of the DAC controller and the DACs themselves The DAC controller reads the output of the word selector s scales and offsets the data values to the desired output range and steers the data to a DAC if the logical DAC number points to a physical DAC present on the board 4 5 Registers Registers are all 8 bit at even I O port numbers except as noted 4 5 1 Board ID Register The board ID register is meaningful only for PCI cards This register setting has no effect on the operation of the card It controls only the state of the board number indicators In desktop PC implementations if there are multiple instances of the same physical device there is no way from BIOS information to tell which is which This user may use this register as needed 4 5 2 Identifier Register When read repeatedly this register returns a null bounded ASCII string LSDAC to identify the board 4 5 3 DAC Control Register The DAC control register sets the operating range of the outputs and sets the DAC controller logical address This register is global for all D A s on card W
42. point of absurdity 4K WORDS maximum is a good compromise There is room for 13 4K tables and 19 8K tables if you try to use up all the available RAM Of course the length of the download will increase linearly with the amount of calculating and downloading you do The Frame Lookup area points to the start word number of each minor frame for all the words in the major frame 08000 0001 Frame 0 08001 0015 Frame 1 08002 0029 Frame 2 08003 003D Frame 3 O800F 012D Frame 15 The Tag Lookup Area converts the word number to a Tag number Remember this memory is byte addressed Here xx in the LSBs of the first location imply meaninglessness U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 41 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information Frame 1 Program memory space looks like this 0C000 0C140 0c141 0C180 0c181 0C183 0C184 0c185 0C180 0c181 0C183 0C184 0c185 0c180 0c181 0c183 0C184 0c185 U710102 8000 1002 B002 1008 6100 2100 5040 B000 1008 6100 2100 5040 B001 1008 6100 2100 5040 B003 0300 0100 0200 QUIT YA Tag 0 Ouit SRL 2 Tag 5 Align 8 bit RA data to 14 bit DAC word WRQ 2 SRL 8 LOADL ADD LOADI WRQ 0 SRL 8 LOADL ADD LOADI WRQ 1 SRL 8 LOADL ADD LOADI WRQ 3 Tag 6 Align 8 bit data to 8 bit table i e nothing TABLE3 Lookup using Table3 TABLE3 gt gt 10 Tag7 TABLE1 Lookup using Tablel TABLE1 gt gt 10
43. pts of its own this value has meaning only if one choose to use the DMA termination interrupt from the PLX9080 DMA controller while loading setups into memory When reading addresses logically AND the value returned in ECX with OxFFFFFFFO This yields the base address If the LSB of ECX was a zero the address is in memory space If the bit was a one the address is in I O space Reload AX BX and SI and repeat the call to obtain the necessary addresses The PLX9080 runtime registers may be accessed via memory or I O operations at your convenience Skip out of this routine when all of them have been read Microsoft operating environments are notorious for erasing the configuration registers of some hardware If the locating procedure described here places the memory address at zero this is most likely the cause 7 Increment the index value and try again The LS 71 may be configured to place the buffer memory in protected memory space flat mode or in real space page mode In flat mode the memory occupies 128 Kbytes of U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 28 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information contiguous address space and the PAGE field of the Bankswitch register is ignored If the LS 71 is in page mode the buffer memory occupies 16 Kbytes of address space and three high order on board address bits are supplied by the Bankswitch register The PCI DAC card occupies 128 bytes of I O spa
44. r cards to be daisy chained for 128 channel capability with all the cards programmed identically The analog output voltage range can be globally set to 10V 0 10V 5V 0 5V or 2 5V 1 2 Manual Format and Conventions This manual contains the following sections Chapter 1 provides a brief product overview and technical specifications Chapter 2 provides installation and configuration instructions Chapter 3 provides info on the LS 71 LDPS software Chapter 4 provides programming information Throughout this document several document flags will be utilized to emphasis warnings or other important data These flags come in three different formats Warnings Cautions and Information Examples of these flags appear below U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 6 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Introduction Warning Details of critical information which prevents loss of functionality Caution Details of operational or functional cautionary advisories Information Details of emphasised operational information 1 3 Components and Part Numbers for the LS 71 Family The Lumistar LS 71 1Analog Output card is factory configured to support either 16 or 32 output channels coming from one or two separate decommutators An optional signal breakout box assembly is also available from the factory Use the item part numbers from the table below when ordering Part Number Description LS 71 P16 16 Cha
45. rs cceseeseeseeceeeeeeeeceneeeeeeeeees 7 AS e O 8 Table 221 11 110 Connector Pinout ii aia 10 Table 2 2 Word Selector Input Piola da 11 Table 4 1 Write Register Summary a id 29 Table 4 2 Read Register Summary cesta ewido dass 29 Table 4 3 DAC Control Register ii ledn balderne 31 Table 4 4 Configuration Register iria 31 Table 4 5 Word Selector Control Register aia 32 Table 4 6 Bank switch RE A aiana manaa 33 Tables Memory Maini Ia aa 34 Table 4 8 Instruction Repertoire x 0 8 12 c6 csescocsssdetesecatccasteatiewaa tees cteil dates saddest viet wicaane 38 List of Figures Figure 2 1 Optional LS 71 PA16 32 Signal Break Out Panel wwwwmmmmemeewe 10 Figure 3 1 LDPS Setup Display for the LS Tl ooonooni nononicnniononanconcnnonannonononnconacnncono cos 12 Figure 3 2 LDPS Server Application Windows ooooooccnonnconccconaconnnonnnconccnonocnn cono nconncnns 13 Figure 3 3 LDPS Configuration Menus Controls for the LS 71 wwwwemmmmmmmwewa 14 Figure 3 4 The LS 71 Configuration Menus 00 0 0 ccesceesessceeeceseceeeeeeceseceaeceeeeaeeeneeeees 15 Fisure 3 5 Fle Menu Options a OS 16 Figure 3 6 Reference Voltage Merida dd ida 16 Figure 3 7 Calibrate Mens ii aa 17 Figure 3 8 DI e o Si el 18 Figure 3 9 LS 71 Setup Dialog BO oca 19 Figure 3 10 Edit Channel Dialog BOX rated ina eeadaadinnng amini 21 Figure 3 11 Word Function pes ia di da da 22 Figure 3 12 Concatenate Dialog BOX e a eo areas one 24
46. selected for any DAC needs to point to that one instruction program U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 36 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information 1000 xxxx xxxx xxxx 4 8 The Word Selector Stack Machine The word selector must assign a tag number to every word in the incoming data stream and executes a program whose starting address is a function of that tag number Nearly every format will include unselected data so a tag 0 suggested needs to be reserved as untagged All unselected words have this tag number and as such point to a program that simply quits There are 256 numbers available The word selector processor is a simple stack machine The term stack machine means numbers going in and out appear in a T top entry register at the top of a stack Behind T is another register called N Next entry There are more than enough sixteen additional registers behind N Several basic types of operations occur Some operations explicitly do not change the stack An operation that merely changes T is called a put This includes the automatic placing of raw data from the FIFO in T when a program starts and any instructions that are specifically defined as manipulating or replacing T COPY LOADK LOADL perform what is known as a push A new value is placed in T but simultaneously the original contents of T are copied to N the original contents of N are copied to the register behind
47. y DUI OV A O O O O O O O Oda O os a a oa a O O O O O ao oa oa OS Offset Binary Figure 3 9 LS 71 Setup Dialog Box 3 1 5 1 Channel Setup The grid on the lower portion of the LS 71 setup dialog box shown in Figure 3 9 above displays the information the user sets up for each channel on the LS 71 card The LS 71 channel numbers are listed in the left column The six parameters along the top of the grid have the following meaning a Source The source of the data feeding the channel This is the data coming from the decommutator word s and the word selector U710102 Lumistar Inc Page 19 6 27 2006 LS 71 User s Manual Programming Information b Fr The minor frame number of the word driving the LS 71 as configured by the decommutator c Fr Int The minor frame interval of the word driving the LS 71 as configured by the decommutator d Wd The word number of the word driving the LS 71 as configured by the decommutator e Wd Int The word interval of the word driving the LS 71 as configured by the decommutator f Formula This is the formula or function type applied to the LS 71 3 1 5 2 Edit Channel Dialog Box To set up each channel on the LS 71 card with the required configuration select the channel number on the Setup Display and double click or right click on the channel number and click the Edit Channel button that results Either way a new channel setup window wil
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