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1. Distinguish between a tide and a tidal stream Interpret a set of tide tables for a standard port to determine the high and low tides Estimate the tide height and strength of flow at different times between high and low tide using the law of 12ths Explain how tidal flow affects handling of small boats and anchoring requirements Determine the time of high and low tide at a secondary port Understand the effects of pollution on the marine environment Define and report a marine incident Describe a marine incident is defined in the Act s123 and what it means List the obligations on ships masters when a collision occurs s124 Recall that a report must be made to whom and by when s125 Explain the seriousness of marine incidents and the importance of reporting them Respond to a fire on board List the causes of fire on a small ship Things to reduce risk of fire Recall what to do when you abandon ship Understand the importance of an EPIRB Describe the features of a functioning EPIRB Activate a dummy EPIRB Use appropriate emergency radio calls Recall the radio frequency to use Simulate a Securit call Simulate a Pan Pan call Simulate a Mayday call Safe Boating Workbook 3 Edition QSA Syllabus match Subject matter and suggested learning experiences MS1 1 Regulatory requirements and procedures are essential for dealing with hazards accidents and emergencies MS1 2 Risk assessments are carried out before conducting
2. Five key considerations of seaworthiness are e Physical condition of the boat e Boat suitability and propulsion e Vessel stability and freeboard e Attachment of builders plates or capacity labels e Compliance with safety equipment regulations Physical condition of the boat For example itis important to make sure that no cracks or damage have occurred since your last boat trip A careful inspection of the hull and fittings will determine if repairs are necessary absorbent pads double e Also check that you have the keep bilges dry and the self draining Y Ats cy bish sand or grit from your last trip Other examples have been discussed in Section 3 departure checks pre Boat suitability and propulsion Type of motor e Hulls are designed for the type of propulsion required and the motor power and weight on as vessel should never exceed the manufacturers design CHECK THE HULL FOR DAMAGE e The easiest way to check this is to look at the builders plate or consult with an authorised marine surveyor Area of operation e Some hulls are more suitable for bar crossings while some give great fishing stability Deep V hulls and catamarans shown in the photographs below are suitable for bar crossings Xe shallow and moderate V s suit estuaries Your ise you on which one suits you 2 D S S Q O laa CHECK THE SUITABILITY OF THE BOAT FOR ITS AREA OF OPERATION
3. HORIZOb Max ty 7 Max ET E PERT Buoyancy 4 e ve Flotation eT Aita at r oati enn 4 i pnia dily Calculon aar ihe eent cat e H pirimi o ning A ciete pea Dal paeet eiai ari madung pratit ta rrupcher ay davero aibh CU ge ir santi cry Elbei catia saa Dien determined AST Ha Amy Alot wget caat Mathorne samm teal apia peh MeN ee o gg CHECK THE BUILDERS PLATE or check with an authorised marine surveyor A n of the boata hui or pecmanent Hitliigs may iddhi the partain dri bai we Basic flotation No flotation LABELS AT THE HELM MUST INFORM THE OPERATOR ABOUT LOADING AND BUOYANCY Bob Moffatt Kerry Kitzelman Kerry Kitzelman Life jackets personal flotation devices PFDs Here are some important points to remember about life jackets to avoid getting a fine e Life jackets should be accessible at all times if they aren t visible to passengers you must clearly sign where life jackets are stowed The sign must have the words life jacket in red text on a white background or white text on a red background They must be kept in good condition They must fit the wearer ill fitting life jackets won t meet the safety equipment requirement Life jackets s aly em with standards e For a life jacket to c e The current standard for life jackets j AS 4758 This standard has repl 1996 Australian Standard 1499 199 2260 1996 e You do not have to upgrade your cur
4. It refers to the tendency of liquids to slosh about in the vessel and becomes more significant in larger vessels Weight of the boat pushes down a Notice the arrows do not line up lf the centre of gravity is lower thar4the ntre of buoyancy guess what happe STABILITY AND CENTRE OF GRAVITY Lowest point of main deck on transom Kerry Kitzelman and Bob Moffatt Kerry Kitzelman and Bob Moffatt Kerry Kitzelman and Bob Moffatt Attachment of builders plates or capacity labels Stowage of all heavy items positioning of passengers on board and water in the bilges all affect stability and freeboard But how does a skipper know how much cargo and many people he or she can put in the boat e A capacity label is designed to tell the skipper how many people and cargo the vessel can carry safely e The label is fixed next to the helm as shown in the photograph opposite If the boat goes into exposed waters or rough conditions as a general rule the operator needs to reduce the number of people on board by one third to increase stability factured or imported into e required to show an AS 17991 or other equivalent If the builders plate is not visible to y label should be displayed near the seen by the operator However alteration to the boat s hull or permanent fittings may invalidate the particulars on the plate and the recommended persons and maximum load should be reduced in bad weather
5. Note This rigid inflatable deep and moderate V vessels shown above require registration Y S Q O ea Centre of gravity and stability e A boat floats because the weight of water displaced pushing up is greater than the weight of the boat pushing down as shown in the figure opposite However a boat can sink easily if its not stable e So a boat must have positive stability to be seaworthy e When you move around a boat the centre of gravity changes Notice how the arrows do not line up in the illustration to the right and if the centre of gravity is lower than the centre of buoyancy the boat can tip allowing water to flood in Also when getting into a small boat try to step into the center transom The weight of extra fuel water and provisions sH tld accounted for and if you experience rough conditions e the cargo STABILITY AND LOADING Stability also means that there has to be enough freeboard to give the boat time to recover from sideways movement as it moves through the water The overloaded tinny shown opposite would have little time to recover and is at risk of flooding To enhance the problem of instability the freeboard in many tinnies is measured from the top of the cut out section of the transom decreasing the freeboard even further Free surface effect e The free surface effect is one of several mechanisms which can cause a craft to become unstable and roll over capsize
6. and reverse away from a mooring pontoon or jetty Use reverse gear to slowly move away from the mooring Smoothly apply power to get the vessel to plane Perform turns at speed to port and starboard Use motor trim to maximise engine performance especially when towing science equipment Calculate the fuel required for a science field trip Inspect vessel for seaworthiness List the tools spares and equipment required for the vessel for its intended operation Inspect the ships battery for useability Complete pre departure checks Explain boat maintenance and service schedules Identify the main parts of a recreational vessel and its equipment Interpret a Capacity Plate or Australian Builders Plate Recognise the key components of a steering system Identify different hull shapes and their handling characteristics Review advantages and disadvantages of different engine and drive types Distinguish between a tide and a tidal stream Interpret a set of tide tables for a standard port to determine the high and low tides Estimate the tide height and strength of flow at different times between high and low tide using the law of 12 th s Explain how tidal flow affects handling of small boats and anchoring requirements Determine the time of high and low tide at a secondary port MS3 1 Marine navigation and communication devices and procedures are used for coordination and safety MS3 2 Chart datum and the IALA A International Association of Lighthou
7. Set be sched waaay coment he ma ae device Pu mesma mg ai m Instructions for care and storage peters a ote nate May tot bv thle fos porns wath pipu toca eee _ cee TE se el ha ener with pani nein OMPACTORED IW CHINA CRLUSIVELY POR MLIN ay O SOT 175 ST PETERS ew Un OF MAAPACTIRE WON ain een af CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SELECTING A PFD e Ss PID dm e mt mappar the wane he or maaa a SO SU me reg s Oe ORE a the PY ak sag omn mas mai r pl Tiu ee d at STRALA PTT LTD Du aiey E Manufacturer s name date of manufacture batch number Bob Moffatt AMSA Bob Moffatt Cruising e Cruising PWC sit astride The most popwlay accommodating up to four people Propulsion PWCs can use either a two stroke similar to many outboard motors or a four stroke engine similar to a car engine The engine drives a powerful water pump which sucks up water from the bottom of the craft through an intake grate The water passes through an impeller a type of propeller fitted into a surrounding tunnel which pressurises the water and forces it out a jet nozzle below at the rear of the craft This jet of pressurised water propels and steers the craft when the throttle is engaged e Some newer PWC include off throttle steering technology which offers the craft limited manoeuvrability when the throttle is off e Technology is rapidly changing with a new reversing bucket which is c
8. ather crew and vessel capabilities Can undertake a short passage by day or night incorporating navigation and rules of the road Describe log on and log off procedures radio checks with local VMT Coast Guard Recognise silence periods and local radio protocols Communicate radio logo log off radio checks Simulate a Securit call Simulate a Pan Pan call Simulate a Mayday call Recall the radio frequency to use
9. ation aboard Understand the obligations of operating a recreational ship in Queensland Determine if the vessel is fitted in accordance with the provisions of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea Ensure the vessel is seaworthy and suitably equipped for its intended operation Inspect vessel for seaworthiness List the tools spares and equipment required for the vessel for its intended operation Calculate the fuel required for a particular trip Inspect the ships battery for useability Understand the IALA Buoyage system A and use aids to navigation not covered by IALA Knowledge of the following buoys marks and beacons and how this is applied to safe navigation Lateral and cardinal marks Isolated danger marks Special marks Safe water marks Middle channel marks Leads Speed signs Cable crossings Recognition of lights used for navigation at night and how these are identified on a chart Problems associated with lights at night in a metropolitan area Use a GPS navigation system Briefly describe how the GPS system works Operate a chart plotter and determine position Describe the limitations of a GPS installation Access and interpret weather information Locate up to date weather charts and forecasts from a variety of sources Interpret the information on a chart and compare to the published forecast Predict the likely local conditions based on the forecast and local geography Interpret tide tables
10. er samples from depths using probes in the boat Moving around a boat while operating science equipment Evaluate and communicate risk levels to crew Conduct a passenger briefing to satisfy GSO compliance Tie a bowline in a length of rope to secure scientific equipment to a vessel Review basic boating skills Mount an outboard motor and safety depart and return to a beach Safely engage and disengage forward and reverse gears Manoeuvre the vessel at slow speed to determine its steering characteristics at low speed Anchor the vessel ensuring the correct amount of anchor rope is deployed Verification of anchor set is made with reference to landmarks ashore Create a towing bridle and tow a plankton net Review emergency procedures Perform an emergency stop and review procedures for loss or snagging of science equipment Approach a man overboard MOB with regard to wind and tide to retrieve Perform basic first aid resuscitation skills Locate up to date weather charts and forecasts from a variety of sources Interpret the information on a chart and compare to the published forecast Predict the likely local conditions based on the forecast and local geography Discuss effects on passage planning Evaluate and communicate a passage plan Explain the importance of maintenance to vessel safety List the safety equipment required for area of operation Determine the serviceability of safety equipment Manoeuvre the vessel at slow speed to approach
11. ere there no naked flames Do not over tighten the fuel cap Safety equipment e PWC operators and passengers must wear a PFD at all times The type of PFD and other safety equipment for PWC is dependent on where you are travelling The table on the next page outlines the minimum equipment requirement set by legislation and recommended equipment to satisfy the general safety obligation e Water limit maps starting on page 26 indicate the three designated water types along the Queensland coast Consider your entire trip including areas through which you are only traversing when equipping your PWC See pages 20 21 for a description of PFD types 2 and 3 A Ride Smart sticker must be affixed to the PWC and visible to the operator at all times Carry the minimum safety equipment but to enhance safety confidence and enjoyment consider carrying safety equipment to cater for the unexpected For example consider the following equipment tow rope spare bungs spare lanyard helmet gloves and booties Lanyard e PWC s have either an ignition safety switch or a self circling feature if the operator falls off e Most cruising PWC come equipped with an emergency ignition safety switch This is a safety device which is designed to shut the engine down if the operator is thrown from the proper operating position Lanyard Safe Boating in Qld Workbook 3 Edition MSQ Syllabus match Subject matter suggested learni
12. investigations in the the field MS1 3 Water safety skills and first aid procedures are important when undertaking marine activities MS1 5 Weather forecasts and synoptic charts are interpreted prior to and during investigations with decisions being made according to changing weather conditions MS1 6 Safety equipment is used and maintained MS2 2 Operating a vessel safely in different conditions and maintaining and servicing boat parts and accessories is a component of marine research MS2 3 Boat design including hulls materials and methods of propulsion should suit the area and purpose of operation OC2 5 Tidal movement is driven by the gravitational pull of both the moon and sun influencing current strength and wave action Explain the general safety obligations GSO of operating a recreational ship in Queensland Determine if the vessel is fitted in accordance with the provisions of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea Identify suitable PFD s and their location aboard Evaluate and communicate emergency plans for a day s scientific research Explain hazards risks and control measures for all water safety skills Estimate risks for launch a boat Inspect the ships battery for hazards Identify correct loading of a vessel to maintain stability Determine risks at the boat ramp and while operating the vessel Determine risks when towing plankton net operating current drogue collecting wat
13. laimed to actually act as a brake Reverse bucket Bob Moffatt Routine maintenance e Like any other boat before taking your PWC out on the water read and understand the owner s manual Take the time to become familiar with all aspects of your craft e Check your operation manual carefully on how to flush your motor as models can vary e Leave the storage compartment with the seat up to allow for ventilation Use protective lubricants to prevent corrosion and don t forget the trailer and its regular maintenance eg bearings lights winch and straps e In the event of breakdown PWCs have no alternative propulsion such as oars or sail Itis therefore critical to inspect and maintain the craft to minimise the risk of engine or steering failure See manufacturers handbook maintenance schedule Before launching e Check inside and under the hull to make sure there are no cracks and excessive wear and tear on the craft including water leaks e Secure bungs e Check steering and throttle for correct operation e Check battery fluid level and charge condition e Check if there is adequate fuel and oil for usage e Check spark plugs and electrical systems for evidence of wear and tear or potential for electrical sparks re that the intake grate is free of foreign objects sure all compartments are secure using absorbent material to collect fuel overflow Be sure to refuel in an open ventilated area wh
14. ng experiences and assessment criteria as per January 2012 Competency Standard Unit o Learning experiences Page Assessment criteria Unit 1 Trip Planning Unit 2 Navigation Unit 3 Weather and tides Unit 4 Emergencies Understand the important aspects of safety equipment and maintenance Understand the law as it relates to carrying safety equipment and the legal obligations of the ship s master Ensure the vessel is seaworthy and suitably equipped for a trip Apply IALA Buoyage system A and use aids to navigation not covered by IALA Use a GPS navigation system Identify and apply collision and water traffic regulations relevant to the activity area Report incidents Avoid pollution Access and interpret weather information Interpret tide tables Define and report a marine incident Respond to a fire on board Understand the importance of an EPIRB Use appropriate emergency radio calls Personal water craft is discussed on pages 67 72 3 29 31 47 48 53 55 59 Understand the important aspects of safety equipment andmaintenance Identify the main parts of a recreational vessel and its equipment Explain the importance of maintenance to vessel safety List the safety equipment required Determine the serviceability of safety equipment Understand the law as it relates to carrying safety equipment and the legal obligations of the ship s master Identify suitable PFDs and their loc
15. or when the boat 1s operating offshore If the vessel has an ABP where it can be clearly seen from the steering position a capacity label is not required Buoyancy Builders plates also describe the buoyancy flotation of the vessel if the verssel is swamped or capsizes as shown opposite e Basic flotation The boat will remain afloat either by the bow or upside down This allows passengers to stay with the boat till help arrives and may provide some shelter and more time to activate emergency procedures e Level flotation The boat will remain in a level position as shown in the figure on the right The advantage of level flotation is that it provides the opportunity to bail water out of the boat This is why a bucket with a safety lanyard is recommended as part of safety equipment e Inadequate flotation A boat with no flotation sinks quickly Inbuilt buoyancy e Many smaller boats have built in buoyancy and are said to have positive flotation e Boats can get a positive flotation statement from an authorised marine surveyor or boat manufacturer This can affect the requirement for boats to carry PFD s in smooth waters Note on old builders plates As the average size for passengers is now 80kg Owners of old builder s plates should compensate for this in load calculations AUSTRALIAN BUILDER S PLATE amp ALUMINIUM BOATS LO COAST AUSTRALIA Alihi aa T4 THe F01 HIM AL HAB Model H Max
16. rent life jacket under the old standards they will still be acceptable for use as long as they are in good condition AS 4758 has a different rating system than the previous standards For use in smooth partially smooth and open waters e To comply with Australian Standard 4758 it must be marked Level 100 Level 150 or Level 275 e To comply with Australian Standard 1512 1996 it must be marked PFD type 1 e Not to be used by personal watercraft PWC i Level 100 150 riders skiers or people being towed Se or 275 Wet Paper PRODUCTNAME esas PFDTYPE1 CHALLENGER MR 118 1400m Example of 2008 AS 4758 label Example of 1996 AS 1512 label Under standard AS 4758 Under previous standards Level 275 Level 150 Coastal life jacket PFD type 1 AS 1512 1996 Level 275 Level 150 Level 100 PFD type 2 AS 1499 1996 PFD type 3 AS 2260 1996 at buoyancy N and vided by a life SA Celobul E T os a oii i Aug Era Mandari Li Giri IFR cor Global Mark 05 Benchmark STANDARDS AND LOGOS PFD type model identification MEDIUM LARGE ADULT Level 10 100N Body Mass gt 60 70 gt 70 Intended mass range TIONS Site m Illustrated donning instructions Standards symbol WA Ds at bane er nt aoaiina aat seme boar ead moam Wee amp bet wan Ge ee ae COVERS 97 KYLON POLYESTER i De sey
17. se Authorities region A buoyage system are interpreted when operating vessels in marine environments MS3 3 Navigational aids including compass GPS and charts are used to plot courses MS3 4 A safe passage is planned and implemented using a variety of calculations and modifications e g speed distance time MS3 5 Radio transmission communication should be clear and concise and fitting to local regulatory requirements MS3 6 Organisations play vital roles in search and rescue Calculate a course allowing for variation Evaluate effects of tidal heights and streams where applicable Discuss high speed navigation techniques Use a GPS or Chart Plotter as an aid to navigation and be aware of the limitations when using electronic charts Recognise distress signals and obligations Discuss types of on board emergencies and actions Operate a marine radio in distress situations simulate Describe the following buoys marks and beacons and how this is applied to safe navigation Lateral and cardinal marks Isolated danger marks Special marks Safe water marks Middle channel marks Leads Speed signs Cable crossings Recognition of lights used for navigation at night and how these are identified on a chart Problems associated with lights at night in a metropolitan area Describe how the GPS system works Operate a chart plotter and determine position Describe the limitations of a GPS installation Plan a passage with consideration of we

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